Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salinity as a key control on the diazotrophic community composition in the Baltic Sea

Abstract. Over the next decade, the Baltic Sea is predicted to undergo severe changes including a decrease in salinity due to altering precipitation. This will likely impact the distribution and community composition of Baltic Sea N2 fixing microbes, of which especially heterocystous cyanobacteria are adapted to low salinities and may expand to waters with currently higher salinity, including the Danish Strait and Kattegat, while other high-salinity adapted N2 fixers might decrease in abundance. In order to explore the impact of salinity on the distribution and activity of different diazotrophic clades, we followed the natural salinity gradient from the Eastern Gotland and Bornholm Basins through the Arkona Basin to the Kiel Bight and combined N2 fixation rate measurements with a molecular analysis of the diazotrophic community using the key functional marker gene for N2 fixation nifH, as well as the key functional marker genes anf and vnf, encoding for the two alternative nitrogenases. We detected N2 fixation rates between 0.7 and 6 nmol N L-1 d-1, and the diazotrophic community was dominated by the cyanobacterium Nodularia and the small unicellular, cosmopolitan cyanobacterium UCYN-A. Nodularia was present in abundances between 8.07 x 105 and 1.6 x 107 copies L-1 in waters with salinities of 10 and below, while UCYN-A reached abundances of up to 4.5 x 107 copies L-1 in waters with salinity above 10. Besides those two cyanobacterial diazotrophs, we found several clades of proteobacterial N2 fixers and alternative nitrogenase genes associated with Rhodopseudomonas palustris, a purple non-sulfur bacterium. Based on statistical testing, salinity was identified as the primary parameter describing the diazotrophic distribution, while pH and temperature did not have a similarly significant influence on the diazotrophic distribution. While this statistical analysis will need to be explored in direct experiments, it gives an indication for a future development of diazotrophy in a freshening Baltic Sea with UCYN-A retracting to more saline North Sea waters and heterocystous cyanobacteria expanding as salinity decreases.
Ensemble denoising for Monte Carlo renderings

Various denoising methods have been proposed to clean up the noise in Monte Carlo (MC) renderings, each having different advantages, disadvantages, and applicable scenarios. In this paper, we present Ensemble Denoising, an optimization-based technique that combines multiple individual MC denoisers. The combined image is modeled as a per-pixel weighted sum of output images from the individual denoisers. Computation of the optimal weights is formulated as a constrained quadratic programming problem, where we apply a dual-buffer strategy to estimate the overall MSE. We further propose an iterative solver to overcome practical issues involved in the optimization. Besides nice theoretical properties, our ensemble denoiser is demonstrated to be effective and robust, and outperforms any individual denoiser across dozens of scenes and different levels of sample rates. We also perform a comprehensive analysis on the selection of individual denoisers to be combined, providing important and practical guides for users.
Protective Role of Chichorium intybus Extract Against Renal Toxicity Induced by Magnetite Silver Nanoparticles in Male Rats

Corresponding author: Doha M. Beltagy Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt E-mail: dohabel4@yahoo.com Abstract: Magnetite silver nanoparticles (Fe3O4/AgNPs) symbolize a new candidate in several industrial and biological products for their activities, simple preparation and low synthesis costs. Many studies recommended the usage of Fe3O4/AgNPs to overcome lacking biocompatibility of AgNPs inside the body. However, Fe3O4/AgNPs also has toxic effects on kidney tissues. In this study, AgNPs was synthesized on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) as a core-shell hetero-structure and used to induce renal injury. The microstructure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe3O4/AgNPs were characterized using different analysis as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of chicory (Chichorium intybus) fruit extract against kidney injury induced by Fe3O4/AgNPs administration in rats. The study was carried out on 40 male adult Sprague Dawley rats (12 weeks old, 140-145 g). Rats were randomly classified into four groups. Group-1 included control rats; group-2 contained the administered chicory extract rats; group-3 was the rats injected withFe3O4/AgNPs; and group-4-in which rats administered with Fe3O4/AgNPs then treated by chicory extract. The obtained results showed that kidney function tests as urea and creatinine increased by about 1.5 folds in rats injected with Fe3O4/AgNPs (G3). Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in kidney tissue duplicated and serum potassium levels increased by about 1.2 folds, while serum sodium and calcium ions slightly decreased in G3. On the other hand, reduced glutathione declined in G3 to nearly one-half normal values in G1. Superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes decreased to about 0.7 folds in G3. Chicory extract administration in G4 improved all these parameters to nearly their normal values. In conclusion, the obtained results in the current study indicated the protective effects of chicory extract against kidney injury and oxidative stress induced by Fe3O4/AgNPs.
Anodal stimulation of primary motor cortex in elderly women with fibromyalgia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

It is thought that an excessive motor cortical facilitation is involved in the physiopathology of chronic pain in fibromyalgia. Studies have shown that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) changes motor cortex excitability according to the stimulation polarity. Based on these effects, it is conceivable to hypothesize that tDCS, which can modulate brain activity, may induce pain relief in patients with fibromyalgia. Fifty older women with fibromyalgia were included in this randomized, doubleblind, single-center placebo controlled trial study. Patients received sham stimulation or real tDCS with the anode centered over the primary motor cortex (M1) and the cathode over the contralateral supraorbital area (2 mA for 20 minutes for 10 sessions). Pain intensity was evaluated using the visual analog scale for pain. Assessments were done before treatment and 30 days after the last session of stimulations. The mean age of participants was 58.20 years (SD = 7.80) with an age range from 55 to 74 years.Results showed no statistically significant baseline difference among patients in demographics and clinical characteristics. Comparing visual pain analogue between the sham and treatment groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p value < 0.001) for VAS immediately after intervention and 1 month post intervention between the sham and treatment groups. Analysis of data also showed a significant reduction in pain immediately after intervention and one month post-intervention in the treatment group compared to the sham group. Anodal tDCS is an effective non-invasive technique for pain reduction in elderly women with FM. The clinical improvements observed in the current study may have considerable impacts on pain experienced by elderly women with FM.
Production and quality of grain and stubble in maize in the Puebla highlands

The majority of the ruminant production units in the high valleys in various regions of Mexico integrate maize stubble as a source of fodder. Therefore, this crop must be a high yielding of both grain and stubble of quality. Thus, the objective of the present research was to evaluate the performance of 36 genotypes of maize in the highlands of Puebla in the aspects mentioned above, during the year 2017. The genotypes screened were seven commercial hybrids, a synthetic variety, nine free-pollinated populations and nineteen experimental simple-cross hybrids derived from local varieties. The sowing was carried out in three experiments with lattice design 6x6 in experimental units of two furrows 80 cm wide by five meters long. Variables related to the characteristics of the plants and chemicals from the stubble produced were evaluated. The main discriminatory variable was useful yield (USY) that included grain yield (GRY), stubble production and digestibility. The genotypes were different (p< 0.001) in all the measured variables. In USY, the outstanding genotypes were: HS-2, Aguila 215W, SM-16 60x66, SM-16 5x64, SM-16 64x66, SM-16 53x64, SM-16 13x44, SM-16 23x60, SM-16 58x21, SM-16 44x64, SM-16 136x142, Niebla and SM-16 21x64. However, this variable manages to mask genotypes that have high yields of grain and stubble but that have low digestibility. Only the SM-16 5x64 had superiority in digestibility, but had average yield of stubble dry matter, which gives it greater potential to be a dual purpose genotype.
Latent ovarian stimulation in the management of infertile patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

DOI: 10.4328/ACAM.20774 Received: 2021-07-06 Accepted: 2021-07-27 Published Online: 2021-08-06 Printed: 2021-08-15 Ann Clin Anal Med 2021;12(Suppl 3): S343-346 Corresponding Author: Mustafa Doğan Özçil, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Medicine Faculty, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 31060, Alahan-Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. E-mail: m.d.ozcil@hotmail.com P: +90 0326 2213317/ 229 10 00 GSM: +90 5323220266 F: +90 326 2455305 Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0819-6733 Abstract Aim: This study was designed to determine the effects of different treatment approaches on clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients with infertility due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). Material and Methods: The files of 31 patients with HH who applied with the complaint of infertility were retrospectively reviewed. Different infertility treatment protocols were applied to 21 of these cases, and the total number of cycles in which treatment was applied was recorded as 36. Of the 36 cycles, 22 were ovulation induction plus timed sexual intercourse, 3 were ovulation induction plus IUI, and the remaining 11 cycles were IVF/ICSI. Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were determined as the primary outcome of our study. Results: Twelve (33% of 36 cycles) of 21 patients conceived and 9 (25% of 36 cycles) had a live birth. When subgroup analysis was performed, pregnancy was detected in 9 cases (41%; 9/22) in the OI group, while 6 cases (27%; 6/22) had live births. In the IUI group, pregnancy was detected in 2 cases (66%; 2/3) and live birth in 2 cases (66%). In the IVF group, pregnancy was detected in only 1 case (9%), and live birthin 1 case (9%; 1/11). Two out of 3 patients who received 75 IU / day latent ovarian stimulation with HMG for 3 months became pregnant. Discussion: Latent ovarian induction with low doses of HMG in infertile patients with HH sensitizes developing follicles to exogenous gonadotropins and contributes to clinical pregnancy and live birth rates.
Comparisons between Kahook Dualblade (KDB) Goniotomy vs Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT)

Settings: Pennine Acute Health Trust. Participants: POAG or OHT patients in one or both eyes who were aged ≥ 18 years, able to provide informed consent, visual acuity of at least 6/36 in the study eye with suboptimal IOP control despite on antiglaucoma medications. Patients were excluded if they had congenital, early childhood or secondary glaucoma or ocular comorbidities, if they had any previous ocular surgery except phacoemulsification. Patients in the SLT group should not have previous SLT treatment before.
Anisotropy of Protons and Light Primary Nuclei in Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the ISS

A measurement of the cosmic ray anisotropy on the arrival directions of protons and light primary nuclei helium, carbon, and oxygen has been performed in galactic coordinates by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer onboard the International Space Station. The analysis is based on the first 10 years of data taking. Results are consistent with isotropy for the different species and upper limits on the dipole amplitude ( 𝛿 ) at the 95% C.I. have been established. In particular, for rigidities above 200 GV limits of 𝛿 < 0.30%, 𝛿 < 0.30%, 𝛿 < 1.41%, and 𝛿 < 1.73% are obtained for protons, helium, carbon and oxygen respectively.
Mobile data challenges for human mobility analysis and humanitarian response

Telecommunication operators have a unique perspective on human mobility; they know the locations of their customers, for most of the time. In recent years, a number of initiatives were organized by telecommunication operators in which mobile call data records (CDR) were carefully anonymised, aggregated, and opened to researchers in form of a challenge for providing new insights into people's movements and displacement patterns. An example is the Data for Refugees Challenge, organized with the expressed aim "to improve the living conditions of over 3.5 million Syrian refugees in Turkey". Typically, the mobile phone datasets collected by a telecommunication operator only include movement patterns observed within a single country, but with additional assumptions, it is also possible to gain insights into movements across borders. This chapter provides an historical overview of research on mobility analysis through mobile CDR, highlights practical issues such as data gaps and biases, discusses ethics and privacy principles that must be taken into consideration when working with such sensitive data, and argues that migration studies and humanitarian response projects may benefit greatly from the use of real-time or historical mobile CDR data.
Impacts of COVID-19 on Air Quality over China: Links with Meteorological Factors and Energy Consumption

The stringent control measures in China to curb the spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have had profound societal and environmental impacts, including changes in energy consumption practices and thereby in air pollutant emissions. In this study, a suite of satellite and numerically assimilated air pollution and meteorological data combined with information on energy consumption practices and nighttime light (NTL) was used to evaluate the effects of these COVID-19 control measures on air quality. These data revealed that control measures reduced aerosols mostly over central and eastern parts of China by countering favorable meteorological conditions for increased aerosols. The control measures reduced short-lived nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with little influence on long-lived carbon monoxide (CO). Consistent with energy production and energy consumption statistics in different sectors, NTL data suggest that high human mobility within the residential sector and reduced activity in other sectors during the implementation of control measures explain small but significant decreases in black carbon and sulfate aerosols, respectively, during this period. Overall, these results provide useful information for policy makers and the scientific community by clarifying the contributions of meteorological factors and energy consumption to changes in air quality. This information can guide the development of air pollution mitigation strategies and provides insight into the air pollution status in China and the potential for long-distance transport. © The Author(s).
Novel Quinoline Derivatives as Antitumor Agents Against HepG2 Cells: Synthesis, Characterization, In Silico, In Vitro and Docking Studies

New quinoline derivatives based on allyl and amino acid were prepared and characterized using elemental analysis (CHN%), HNMR, CNMR spectra. The theoretical calculations which carried out using different computer programs permit proposing an optimized geometry for the formed complexes. The molecular modeling for some representative compounds were evaluated and discussed. The energy of the HOMO and LUMO was calculated and assessed. The most stable structure of the synthesized compounds was suggested and evaluated its energy. The most benefit properties, which play very important role in drug synthesis referred to the surface properties of the compounds, were evaluated and discussed. The application of the DFT, on the target compounds, gave promising properties required for antitumor drugs. Docking of the synthesized compounds with HepG2-code: 5EQG protein, as liver carcinoma cell, gave promising inhibition in silico level. The antitumor activity of the target compounds in vitro level gave activity with some compounds exceeded the market drug.
Fluid Therapy (FT) Complications: Volumetric Overload (VO) in the patho-Aetiology of VO Shocks (VOS) and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Fluid therapy (FT) was introduced during WW2. Ever since its complications have been frequently reported but notably some serious complications have been overlooked. The role of volumetric overload (VO) in inducing VU shocks (VOS) and causing the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has remained overlooked, unrecognized, and underestimated till recently. The role of FT complications in inducing VOS and causing ARDS is hard to detect because VOS is a shock that complicates another existing shock seamlessly and un-noticed. The author attributes this to the faulty rules on FT dictated by the wrong Starling’s law that causes many errors and misconceptions of FT which mislead physicians into giving too much fluid during shock resuscitation. The research findings on the wrong Starling’s law and how it has been corrected based on the hydrodynamic of the porous orifice (G) tube and the newly recognized VOS and the new patho-aetiology and therapy of ARDS are summarized here. Other authors in support of this contention are quoted. The errors on current FT and its corrections are given. Finally, a new prospective cohort study on FT and ARDS is recommended and a call for new guidelines on FT is urgently needed.
Dextrose hydrodissection with ultrasound-guided as optional therapy in pronator teres syndrome: A case report

Pronator teres syndrome (PTS) is a rare peripheral neuropathy of the proximal median nerve that occurs due to compression of the pronator teres muscle or its surrounding anatomical structures. Treatment options in cases of pronator syndrome include conservative therapy (oral, physical, intervention) to surgical therapy. Dextrose hydrodissection with ultrasound guided is an interventional therapy option in cases of peripheral neuropathy. This study presented a case of 50 year old female with chronic pronator teres syndrome who received ultrasound-guided 5% dextrose hydrodissection therapy and experienced satisfactory resolution within 6 months of post injection evaluation.
Removal of Cesium from Radioactive Waste Liquids Using Geomaterials

In this study, we investigated the removal of Cs from aqueous solutions using geomaterials. Adsorption was chosen as an effective method to develop for the removal of Cs from radioactive waste liquids. Geomaterials, including fly ash and slag as raw materials, were prepared as adsorbents using an alkali activator. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD); scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS); and BET surface area, pore volume, and pore size analysis. The effects of various parameters, such as pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of the Cs were studied. The partition coefficient (PC) as well as the adsorption capacity were evaluated to assess the true performance of the adsorbent in this work. The fly ash-based geomaterials showed a maximum Cs adsorption capacity of 89.32 mg·g−1 and a high PC of 31.02 mg·g−1·mM−1 for the Cs under our experimental conditions. From this work, this method can be regarded being practical for use as a potential adsorbent for treating Cs in wastewater. Furthermore, the immobilization of Cs in geomaterials was explored from a chemical perspective. In conclusion, fly ash-based geomaterials may be a promising option for the treatment and disposal of nuclear-contaminated waste.
Gene Cloning and Functional Characterization by Heterologous Expression of the Fructosyltransferase of <italic toggle='yes'>Aspergillus sydowi</italic> IAM 2544

We have purified a fructosyltransferase from conidia of the inulin-producing fungus Aspergillus sydowi IAM 2544 and obtained peptide sequences from proteolytic fragments of the protein. With degenerated primers, we amplified a PCR fragment that was used to screen a cDNA library. The fructosyltransferase gene from Aspergillus sydowi (EMBL accession no. AJ289046) is expressed in conidia, while no expression could be detected in mycelia by Northern blot analysis of mycelial RNA. The gene encodes a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 75 kDa that is different from all fructosyltransferases in the databases. The only homology that could be detected was to the invertase of Aspergillus niger (EMBL accession no. L06844). The gene was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, yeast, and potato plants. With protein extracts from transgenic bacteria and yeast, fructooligosaccharides could be produced in vitro. In transgenic potato plants, inulin molecules of up to 40 hexose units were synthesized in vivo. While in vitro experiments with protein extracts from conidia of Aspergillus sydowi yielded the same pattern of oligosaccharides as extracts from transformed bacteria and yeast, in vivo inulin synthesis with fungal conidia leads to the production of a high-molecular-weight polymer.
Exploring the partial use of the Mo.S.E. system as effective adaptation to rising flood frequency of Venice

Abstract. In times of climate change the impact of coastal hazards should be mitigated by identifying and implementing effective adaptation strategies, encompassing a balanced mix of structural and non-structural measures based on high level scientific knowledge. Due to its hydro-geological features, the Venice lagoon (Italy) is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Some structural measures have been adopted over time to protect Venice from flooding, among which a system of flap gates (Mo.S.E. system) has been operational under testing phase since October 2020. However, relative sea level rise and wind setup pose relevant management challenges, as a frequent closing of the lagoon would have negative impacts on flushing capacity, fishing industry and port activities. Hence, optimal operation rules for the existing control structure are searched to anticipate and to adapt to a possible acceleration of sea level rise induced by climate change. Here, the focus is on the hydrodynamic effects of a partial closure of the Mo.S. E. barriers that, with respect to closing all the three inlets of the Lagoon, could play a role in reducing the economic and environmental impacts of the Mo.S. E. system. The main goal is to identify the flooding events that can be counteracted by closing only the Lido inlet, which is the closest to the city of Venice. Based on the tidal and meteorological dataset collected in the period 2000–2019, a robust modelling exercise indicates that the closing of the Lido inlet only would protect the Venice lagoon from two third of the flooding events up to a relative sea level rise of +0.4 m.