Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Full 3 D numerical analysis of a roots blower with open-source software

In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied for the design and analysis of positive displacement machines (both compressors and expanders) for vapor compression and power generation (e.g., ORCs) applications. The numerical modeling of the operation of such machines is challenging: the dynamics of the compression (or expansion) process and the deforming working chambers make the simulation process a not-trivial task. The relative motion of the rotors and the variation of the gaps during machine operation are few of the major challenges towards the implementation of reliable CFD models. Furthermore, the elaborated working fluid (i.e. the refrigerant) operates in many cases either close to the critical point or to the saturated-vapor line. Under such conditions, the ideal gas model does not hold and, thus, a compressible real gas solver is required. Among the several numerical techniques that have been developed throughout the years, the custom predefined mesh generation is one of the most used techniques. In such an approach, a set of meshes is generated in advance before running the CFD simulation. The solver is fed with the mesh for each time step retaining the configuration of the mesh unchanged. In this work, SCORG-V5.2. 2 was used to generate the meshes of the deforming domain around rotating parts of the machines. This was interconnected with OpenFOAM-v1606+, which is used to compute the flow field associated with the operation of the two-lobe Roots blower. It was demonstrated that the proposed methodology allows for a fast simulation and to achieve a good agreement with experimental test results.
Optimal Control of Multi-Supplier Inventory Management with Lead Time

In the current global competition, companies are required to save money in order to survive. One of the expenses that can be reduced is the cost of inventory control. To minimize these costs, we require a proper planning and management of the inventory. Ordering supplies should be performed at a certain time period, especially with uncertain demand. As such, the company must determine when to order at the suppliers and how many should be ordered. So there will be no excess inventory in the warehouse because of too much ordering or because of the inventory cannot meet demand due to late or too little order to suppliers. Consequently, in this research, a quadratic cost functional is used as the objective function in multi-supplier inventory management problem with different lead time. Optimal control theory, LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator) is used to solve this problem. According to the simulation, we conclude that the smaller weight resulted in more optimal inventory cost.
A typological approach to the morphome

This dissertation constitutes the first typologically-oriented monograph on morphomes, which is the term given to systematic morphological identities that do not map onto morphosyntactic or semantic natural classes like ‘plural’, ‘past’, ‘third person singular’ etc. Chapter 1 discusses terminology and the relevant literature on this unusual phenomenon and Chapter 2 introduces some necessary clarifications with respect to the identification and definition of morphomes. From there, the discussion moves to more empirical matters. In Chapter 3, the notions of naturalness and economy are discussed in detail, and the connection of morphomicity to other morphological phenomena is explored. Diachrony takes then centre stage, as Chapter 4 presents the different ways in which morphomic structures may emerge, change, and disappear from a language. Chapter 5 constitutes the core of the dissertation and presents 110 morphomic structures that the author has identified across the world’s languages. These structures are presented with great qualitative detail along with their diachronic history if known. On the basis of the synchronic variation across the morphomes, a dozen logically independent variables have been identified (in the spirit of Canonical or Multivariate Typology) as relevant to describing these structures in the most fine-grained detail. These variables have been operationalized into quantitative measures. After establishing the values they take in all 110 morphomes in the database, statistical analysis has been undertaken to spot correlations and dependencies between them which are subsequently discussed. Another major finding to emerge from this synchronic database concerns the cross-linguistic recurrence of various morphomic structures. Some extramorphologically unmotivated structures like SG+3PL, 1SG+3, PL+1SG etc. have been found to be present in several genetically and areally unrelated languages. This is something which had been previously excluded from the phenomenon on definitional grounds. The dissertation finishes by reiterating in Chapter 6 its findings and their implications for morphomic research, and for typology and morphology more generally.
Detection capability of Cassini for thundercloud generated lightning discharges on Titan

The formation of thunderclouds on Titan may be very rare due to the difficult methane condensation, but massive clouds may occasionally develop in the troposphere as is evident from recent telescopic cloud observations. A thundercloud model was developed taking into account specific conditions of methane condensation, clouds and lower ionosphere on Titan. Such clouds would rapidly attach a large amount of free electrons, which are common in Titan‘s troposphere due to the low abundance of electrophilic species such as oxygen. The entirely negative space charge in the cloud creates a temporary electric field that is sufficient to initiate cloud–to–ground lightning strokes close to the sub–solar point. Such lightning strokes on Titan could be comparable to so–called type 2 lightning strokes on Earth. In order to estimate the capability of the Cassini/RPWS (Radio and Plasma Wave Science) instrument to detect lightning discharges during several close flybys, we estimated the radiated energy of Titan lightning strokes and we show that the RPWS instrument should be able to detect electromagnetic signals from such strokes in a frequency range above 500 kHz or 1 MHz during its flyby.
Theoretical Investigations on the Mechanical, Magneto-Electronic Properties and Half-Metallic Characteristics of ZrRhTiZ (Z = Al, Ga) Quaternary Heusler Compounds

The electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties were investigated for ZrRhTiZ (Z = Al, Ga) quaternary Heusler compounds by employing first-principles calculations framed fundamentally within density functional theory (DFT). The obtained electronic structures revealed that both compounds have half-metallic characteristics by showing 100% spin polarization near the Fermi level. The half-metallicity is robust to the tetragonal distortion and uniform strain of the lattice. The total magnetic moment is 2 μB per formula unit and obeys the Slater-Pauling rule, Mt = Zt − 18 (Mt and Zt represent for the total magnetic moment and the number of total valence electrons in per unit cell, respectively). The elastic constants, formation energy, and cohesive energy were also theoretically calculated to help understand the possibility of experimental synthesis and the mechanical properties of these two compounds.
Bioavailability of calcium of fresh cheeses , enteral food and mineral water . A study with stable calcium isotopes in young adult women

True fractional Ca absorption from six foods was measured in twelve normal healthy women, aged 20-29 years. The tested foods were commercially available fresh cheese, fresh cheese prepared by new technology and rich in Ca, similar cheese with added Fe, enteral food, mineral water alone and combined with a spaghetti meal. The aim of the study was to investigate: (1) Ca absorption from a new Ca-rich fresh cheese and to compare it with that from the traditional commercial type of fresh cheese; (2) the effect of Fe enrichment of the new cheese on Ca absorption; (3) Ca absorption from the mineral water and the enteral product and to compare it with that from the dairy products; (4) the effect of a meal combined with the mineral water on Ca absorption. All test foods were consumed by all subjects according to a design with two Latin squares. Each treatment of 2 d was followed by a wash-out period of 2 weeks. Ca absorption was measured using a double stable-isotope (44Ca and '%a) extrinsic labelling technique. Mean fractional Ca absorption from the new fresh cheese was not significantly different from that from the traditional type (37.7 (SD 102)% Y. 42.2 (SD 11.6)%). The addition of Fe to the new cheese did not significantly influence Ca absorption. Ca-absorption values from the mineral water (37.0 (SD 98) YO) and from the enterd product (42.6 (SD 11.4) "0) were not significantly different from those from the dairy products (37.7-42*2%, SD 10.2-11*6%). The co-ingestion of a spaghetti meal with the mineral water significantly enhanced Ca absorption from 37 (SD 9.8)Y0 to 46.1 (SD 11.7)%. It is concluded that a new process leading to a fresh cheese with a higher Ca concentration does not alter Ca bioavailability compared with the standard technology and for a constant Ca supply. Thus this new fresh cheese would probably provide more Ca than the standard one. The fractional Ca-absorption values for mineral water and the enteral product indicate that these products can make an interesting contribution to Ca supply for populations with a low Ca intake and patients with specilic diseases respectively.
Paleoredox and pyritization of soft-bodied fossils in the Ordovician Frankfort Shale of New York

Multiple beds in the Frankfort Shale (Upper Ordovician, New York State), including the original “Beecher's Trilobite Bed,” yield fossils with pyritized soft-tissues. A bed-by-bed geochemical and sedimentological analysis was carried out to test previous models of soft-tissue pyritization by investigating environmental, depositional and diagenetic conditions in beds with and without soft-tissue preservation. Highly-reactive iron (FeHR), total iron (FeT), δ34S, organic carbon and redox-sensitive trace elements were measured. In particular, the partitioning of highly-reactive iron between iron-carbonates (Fe-carb), iron-oxides (Fe-ox), magnetite (Fe-mag), and pyrite (FeP) was examined. Overall, the multi-proxy sedimentary geochemical data suggest that the succession containing pyritized trilobite beds was deposited under a dysoxic water-column, in agreement with the paleontological data. The data do not exclude brief episodes of water-column anoxia characterized by a ferruginous rather than an euxinic state. However, the highest FeHR/FeT values and redox-sensitive trace element enrichments occur in siltstone portions of turbidite beds and in concretions, suggesting that subsequent diagenesis had a significant effect on the distribution of redox-sensitive elements in this succession. Moderately high FeHR/FeT and FeP/FeHR, low organic carbon, enriched δ34S, and the frequent presence of iron-rich carbonate concretions in beds with soft tissue preservation confirm that pyritization was favored where pore-waters were iron-dominated in sediments relatively poor in organic carbon.
Silvopastoral systems established with Pinus radiata D. Don and Betula pubescens Ehrh.: tree growth, understorey biomass and vascular plant biodiversity

In the European Union, the majority of afforestation is carried out on former agricultural land. This afforestation causesfundamentalchangesinecosystemstructureandfunctioning,withthetreesinterceptinglightandprecipitation, producing litterfall and competing for soil nutrients. All of these effects could potentially have a negative impact on understorey biomass and vascular plant biodiversity in a relatively short time span. This study aims to evaluate the effects of afforestation with Pinus radiata D. Don (Monterey pine: pine) and Betula pubescens Ehrh. (Downybirch:birch),establishedattwodifferentdensities(2500and833 trees ha 21 )andsownwithtwodifferent pasture mixtures (Dactylis glomerata L. + Trifolium repens L. + Trifolium pratense L. and Lolium perenne L. + T. repens L. + T. pratense L.), on understorey biomass, alpha plant biodiversity, life cycle type (annuals vs. perennials) and beta biodiversity over a period of 11 years. Pine showed better development than birch throughout the study, although both species were very sensitive to tree density. While increasing density increased pine height and decreased pine diameter, both aspects of birch development were reduced by higher tree densities. Aboveground biomass increased throughout the study. Alpha plant biodiversity was drastically reduced under pine established at high density, 11 years after afforestation. However, the similarities in species richness, species composition and the low beta growth rates found under pine at low density, and birch at both high and low density suggest that, in these cases, the choice of canopy tree has little consequence for understorey biodiversity at this stage of system development.
Nutrient Metabolism Replacement of Soybean Oil with Tallow in Rye-Based Diets without Xylanase Increases Protein Synthesis in Small Intestine of Broilers 1

We examined the effects of dietary fat type (10% of either soybean oil, S, or beef tallow, T) and xylanase supplementation (2, without; 1, with 1 g of Avizyme 1300 per kg diet) in ryebased diets (56%) on tissue protein synthesis in male broilers. Birds were injected with a large flooding dose of a phenylalanine solution (150 mmol/L, 38 atom percentage excess [ N] phenylalanine) and tissues were obtained after a 10-min incorporation period. [ N]-enrichment in tissue free phenylalanine and tissue protein bound phenylalanine were measured by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry and by gas-chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass-spectrometry, respectively in order to calculate tissue specific fractional rates of protein synthesis (ks). The ks (%/d) in (S2), (S1), (T2) and (T1)-fed birds were 56, 64, 84 and 61 (SEM 5 3.7) in duodenum, 51, 52, 75 and 58 in jejunum (SEM 5 3.1), 66, 67, 105 and 68 (SEM 57.0) in jejunal mucosa cells, 53, 56, 68 and 50 (SEM 5 3.7) in ileum and 52, 45, 118 and 39 (SEM 5 20.2) in pancreas, respectively. Significant fat, enzyme or interaction effects in these tissues were mainly caused by the elevated ks in (T2)-fed birds which was closely associated with intestinal viscosity. We conclude that the effect of soluble nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) and of NSP-hydrolyzing enzymes may be explained partially by modification in tissue protein synthesis of the intestinal tract. J. Nutr. 130: 827–834, 2000.
Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Hydrogen / Oxygen Adsorption and Dissociation on Pd / TiO

Dynamic processes of adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen and oxygen are of theoretical and practical importance in the field of combustion and energy. In the present study, reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) is employed to simulate the relevant phenomena associated with adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen and oxygen under the influence of TiO2 supported Pd catalyst. A comprehensive parametric study has been conducted by varying key parameters such as the temperature. The MD results show qualitative agreement with experimental results while revealing the detailed dynamic catalytic process of H2 and O2 reactions at the atomic scales.
Optimal multi-objective integration of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and battery energy storage in distribution networks

In recent years, grid integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) has been rising rapidly. Many economic, technical, and environmental benefits can be gained with the integration of RES and BESS into the distribution network. Optimal decisions must be considered the trade-offs between two or more conflicting objectives, therefore, in this paper, these benefits are associated with a multi-objective function that consists of energy price arbitrage, transmission access fee, energy losses, power quality (voltage regulation), and environmental emissions. In this paper, it is assumed that the distribution system operator (DSO) has got the ownership of RES and BES. The placement, sizing, and operation of RES and BESS are optimized by the combination of a genetic multi-objective solver (GMOS) with linear programming. The simulation results using IEEE 33-bus distribution test system show that by using the proposed method, the net benefit is appropriate, energy losses are reduced, voltage magnitude is pushed within the limit, and environmental emissions are decreased.
Selection of suitable fragment from rbcL gene for DNA barcode analysis of family Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta

Among the members of Halymeniaceae family, Grateloupia sensu lato occupies the largest composition in species. Classification based on morphological traits is difficult due to the highly variable terete to blade-like thalli among the members of this genus that usually leads to misidentification. Molecular systematics has been applied to classify Grateloupia sensu lato so that the taxonomists acquire a better understanding of the species diversity in general. The plastid gene encoding the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase-oxygenase (rbcL) was the focus of numerous marine algal studies concerning phylogeny and molecular evolution. However, using the full length of rbcL showed disadvantages such as cost and time consuming due to two times of sequencing and two times of PCR. In the present study, the shorter sequence, fragment 773 bp at 5’ end and fragment 579 bp at 3’ end of rbcL were applied and compared for the phylogenetic analysis of Halymeniaceae members. The results indicated there are no differences of topological phylogenetic trees, species resolution within genus and genus resolution within the family between fragment 773 bp at 5’ and the full length of rbcL. Therefore, we conclude that fragment 773 bp at 5’ should be used as DNA barcodes for the Halymeniaceae to reduce the cost and time during phylogenetic analysis. Two taxa Grateloupia newly collected in Vietnam were grouped to the known Phyllymenia, a new genus in Vietnam.
A Timing-driven Binding Algorithm for High-Level Synthesis of Three-dimensional Integrated Circuits

As semiconductor technology scaling approaches its limits, 3-D integrated circuits (3-D ICs) have been proposed as one solution to continue the push towards increasing transistor counts in VLSI circuits. Recent progress in the fabrication of three-dimensional (3-D) integrated circuits has opened the possibility of exploiting this technology to alleviate performance and power related issues raised by interconnects in advanced nanometer CMOS VLSI circuits. Physical synthesis for 3-D integrated circuits is substantially different from traditional planar integrated circuits due to the presence of additional constraints of placing circuit modules in multiple silicon layers. To realize the full potential offered by 3-D integrated circuits, high-level synthesis of these circuits must take layout-related issues unique to 3-D technology into account during the synthesis process. This paper presents a 3-D layout-aware timing-driven binding algorithm for design-space exploration during high-level synthesis. The algorithm tightly integrates the synthesis tasks of resource binding, assignment of modules to multiple silicon die, 3-D floorplanning, and through-silicon via (TSV) minimization. Elmore delay models incorporating distributed wire-delays, together with delays introduced by pins and TSVs in a 3-D integrated
Biochemical and Molecular Actions of Nutrients Research Communication Copper Deficiency Induces the Upregulation of the Copper Chaperone for Cu / Zn Superoxide Dismutase in Weanling Male Rats 1

The most commonly used indices for determining copper deficiency in humans are reduced serum/ plasma copper concentration and decreased activity of ceruloplasmin and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). However, these indicators are influenced by many factors unrelated to copper status and lack the sensitivity required to detect marginal deficiency, limiting their usefulness in many situations. In vivo, the insertion of copper into SOD1 is dependent on the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS). In this study, we explored the possibility that the expression level of CCS may reflect copper status and thus serve as a useful marker of copper nutriture. Weanling male Wistar rats were fed either a normal (5.3 mg Cu/kg diet), moderately deficient (0.84 mg Cu/kg diet) or deficient (0.34 mg Cu/kg diet) copper diet for 6 wk. Rats fed moderate and deficient diets showed differences (P < 0.05) in several hematological measurements, indicating varying degrees of copper deficiency in these groups. Copper-deficient rats had reduced (P < 0.05) liver and erythrocyte SOD1 activity and body weight. Western blot analysis revealed a dosedependent increase (P < 0.05) in CCS expression in liver and erythrocytes of copper-deficient rats. We report CCS protein level as a novel marker for assessing copper status. J. Nutr. 133: 28–31, 2003.
PHENOLOGICAL REPRODUCTIVE PATTERN OF THE Attalea speciosa Mart ex Spreng. IN PASTURE AREA IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF RONDÔNIA

The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenology of the babassu (Attalea speciosa Mart ex Spreng.), aiming to subsidize information for non timber management of the species in pasture area. For 48 months, the phenological patterns of babassu were studied, relating them to meteorological variables such as monthly average temperature, monthly total precipitation, relative humidity of the medium air and photoperiod. A total of 130 adult palm trees from natural regeneration were monitored in a pasture in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, RO, from January 2012 to December 2015. The data were analyzed by means of the activity indexes, the relation of the phenophases and meteorological variables by means of Pearson correlation. The population synchrony index was also evaluated. During the study, the population of Attalea speciosa showed flowering asynchronously in the population. In the process of formation and maturation of the fruits of the babassu, it was possible to observe that the time of total development of the fruits was in average 254 days. In young infructescence, the most influential climatic factors were temperature and photoperiod. In the green infructescence, climatic factors such as precipitation, relative humidity and photoperiod influenced negatively. The presence of mature infructescence occurred throughout the year, with the highest intensities in the month of November, and its activity related to the increase in temperature and duration of days. Phenological monitoring of babassu allowed to identify the intensity and predictability of reproductive events, thus enabling information to be provided to the plans for the sustainable exploitation of the species in pasture in the municipality of Ji-Paraná.
Longitudinal research in organizations: an introduction

Researchers have attempted to grasp and understand processes, mechanisms, dynamics, causalities, life cycles, future prognoses, sequences, chains and orders of events, actions and activities, functioning logics, antecedents and consequences, the meaning of time, changes, shifts, evolutions and developments, periods, stages and phases, episodes, epochs and eras and numerous other topics, in business economics as well as other disciplines, for decades (e.g. Poole et al. 2000; Pettigrew et al. 2001). some phenomena are only detectable through a longitudinal research design. among the first authors to address the need for studying phenomena over time was n.d. kondratieff in 1925: