Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Somatoform Dissociation

Abstract In most of the recent scientific and clinical literature, dissociation has been equated with dissociative amnesia, depersonalization, derealization, and fragmentation of identity. However, according to Pierre Janet and several World War I psychiatrists, dissociation also pertains to a lack of integration of somatoform components of experience, reactions, and functions. Some clinical observations and contemporary studies have supported this view. Somatoform dissociation, which can be measured with the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20), is highly characteristic of dissociative disorder patients, and a core feature in many patients with somatoform disorders and in a subgroup of patients with eating disorders. It is strongly associated with reported trauma among psychiatric patients and patients with chronic pelvic pain presenting in medical healthcare settings. Motor inhibitions and anesthesia/analgesia are somatoform dissociative symptoms that are similar to animal defensive reactions to major threat and injury. Among a wider range of somatoform dissociative symptoms, these particular symptoms are highly characteristic of patients with dissociative disorders. The empirical findings reviewed in this article should have implications for the contemporary conceptualization and definition of dissociation, as well as the categorization of somatoform disorders in a future version of the DSM.
Neural Network Control for Image Stabilization System on Helicopter in Remote Sensing

Image stabilization system (ISS) is a device used in remote sensing which acquires stable images of remotely located objects. To get stable images, the ISS should reject the outer disturbance. The ISS has nonlinear characteristics such as structural errors, friction and disturbances. Although PID controllers are optimally designed, PID controllers may not perform well as expected when disturbances are present. To reject disturbances, the neural network controller along with PID controllers is used to compensate for uncertainties in online fashion. Experimental results show that performance of stabilization is well improved by a neural network controller
MRI & MRS assessment of the role of the tumour microenvironment in response to therapy

MRI and MRS techniques are being applied to the characterisation of various aspects of the tumour microenvironment and to the assessment of tumour response to therapy. For example, kinetic parameters describing tumour blood vessel flow and permeability can be derived from dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI data and have been correlated with a positive tumour response to antivascular therapies. The ongoing development and validation of noninvasive, high‐resolution anatomical/molecular MR techniques will equip us with the means to detect specific tumour biomarkers early on, and then to monitor the efficacy of cancer treatments efficiently and reliably, all within a clinically relevant time frame. Reliable tumour microenvironment imaging biomarkers will provide obvious advantages by enabling tumour‐specific treatment tailoring and potentially improving patient outcome. However, for routine clinical application across many disease types, such imaging biomarkers must be quantitative, robust, reproducible, sufficiently sensitive and cost‐effective. These characteristics are all difficult to achieve in practice, but image biomarker development and validation have been greatly facilitated by an increasing number of pertinent preclinical in vivo cancer models. Emphasis must now be placed on discovering whether the preclinical results translate into an improvement in patient care and, therefore, overall survival. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficiency of wood vinegar and extracts from some medicinal plants on insect control

The efficiency of wood vinegar and extracts from three of the medicinal plants such as: neem seed (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) and yam bean seed Pachyrhizus erosus were tested on the 3 rd instar larvae of mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus Say). The raw wood vinegar was purified by standing method and filtering method. Seed of neem, citronella grass and yam bean were collected, cleaned and dried at 25 Co for 3-4 days and powdered. Stream distillation was used for extraction the citronella grass while neem and yam bean were simple extracted by fermentation with ethyl alcohol. The toxicity test was evaluated under laboratory condition by using two methods namely Topical application method (contact poison) and Dropping method (stomach poison). The mortality of the mosquito larvae were observed daily for 3 days. The results revealed that the wood vinegar at the low concentration 2% by dropping method could kill 73.75%, 82.50% and 96.25% of mosquito larvae after 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively with significance different at p< 0.05. The wood vinegar at the high concentration of 20% by topical application method could kill only 15.0% of mosquito larvae after 72 hours with significance different at p< 0.05, while at the lower concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10% gave rather low mortality at 5%, 5% and 10% respectively. When the 2% of wood vinegar mixed with each individual extracted substances of neem seed or yam bean seed or citronella grass at ratio of 1:50 ml gave the larval mortality of 92.5%, 50.0% and 45.0% respectively at 72 hours after treated. While by dropping method all of the treatments gave 100% mortality of the mosquito larvae at 48 hours after treated.
Translocon‐associated protein subunit Trap‐γ/Ssr3 is required for vascular network formation in the mouse placenta

The translocon‐associated protein (TRAP, also termed the signal sequence receptor) complex is required for the efficient translocation of secretory and membrane proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, and is also involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress‐mediated unfolded protein response pathway. To investigate the roles of Trap‐γ, a TRAP complex subunit, we generated Trap‐γ knockout mice and found that mutant pups died soon after birth because of retarded embryonic organ growth, especially in the lung. The mutant placentae showed severe vascular network malformation in the labyrinth and significant reductions in blood space areas, which had an adverse effect on intrauterine embryonic growth. Placental malformation was already found by the mid‐gestation‐stage mutant placenta, with poor vascular endothelial cell proliferation in the chorionic plate region and increased apoptotic cell death in the labyrinth. Thus, Trap‐γ appears to be required for vascular network formation in murine placental development. Developmental Dynamics 240:394–403, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonism by SB‐277011A attenuates cocaine reinforcement as assessed by progressive‐ratio and variable‐cost–variable‐payoff fixed‐ratio cocaine self‐administration in rats

In rats, acute administration of SB‐277011A, a highly selective dopamine (DA) D3 receptor antagonist, blocks cocaine‐enhanced brain stimulation reward, cocaine‐seeking behaviour and reinstatement of cocaine‐seeking behaviour. Here, we investigated whether SB‐277011A attenuates cocaine reinforcement as assessed by cocaine self‐administration under variable‐cost–variable‐payoff fixed‐ratio (FR) and progressive‐ratio (PR) reinforcement schedules. Acute i.p. administration of SB‐277011A (3–24 mg/kg) did not significantly alter cocaine (0.75 mg/kg/infusion) self‐administration reinforced under FR1 (one lever press for one cocaine infusion) conditions. However, acute administration of SB‐277011A (24 mg/kg, i.p.) progressively attenuated cocaine self‐administration when: (a) the unit dose of self‐administered cocaine was lowered from 0.75 to 0.125–0.5 mg/kg, and (b) the work demand for cocaine reinforcement was increased from FR1 to FR10. Under PR (increasing number of lever presses for each successive cocaine infusion) cocaine reinforcement, acute administration of SB‐277011A (6–24 mg/kg i.p.) lowered the PR break point for cocaine self‐administration in a dose‐dependent manner. The reduction in the cocaine (0.25–1.0 mg/kg) dose–response break‐point curve produced by 24 mg/kg SB‐277011A is consistent with a reduction in cocaine's reinforcing efficacy. When substituted for cocaine, SB‐277011A alone did not sustain self‐administration behaviour. In contrast with the mixed DA D2/D3 receptor antagonist haloperidol (1 mg/kg), SB‐277011A (3, 12 or 24 mg/kg) failed to impede locomotor activity, failed to impair rearing behaviour, failed to produce catalepsy and failed to impair rotarod performance. These results show that SB‐277011A significantly inhibits acute cocaine‐induced reinforcement except at high cocaine doses and low work requirement for cocaine. If these results extrapolate to humans, SB‐277011A or similar selective DA D3 receptor antagonists may be useful in the treatment of cocaine addiction.
ArticleThe Gemin 5 Protein of the SMN Complex Identifies snRNAs

The survival of motor neurons protein (SMN) is part of a large complex that contains six other proteins, Gemins2–7. The SMN complex assembles the heptameric Sm protein core on small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and plays a critical role in the biogenesis of snRNPs, themajor and essential components ofmRNA splicing in eukaryotes. For its function, the SMNcomplex binds Sm proteins and snRNAs, which it distinguishes from other RNAs by specific features they contain.We show here that Gemin5, a 170 kDa WD-repeat protein, is the snRNA binding protein of the SMN complex. Gemin5 binds directly and specifically to the unique features, including the Sm site, of snRNAs. Reduction of Gemin5 results in reduced capacity of the SMN complex to bind snRNAs and to assemble Sm cores. Gemin5 therefore functions as the factor that allows the SMN complex to distinguish snRNAs from other cellular RNAs for snRNP biogenesis.
Multimodal Interactive Handwritten Text Transcription

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Adaptive optics full-field optical coherence tomography

Abstract. We describe a simple and compact full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) setup coupled to a transmissive liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM) to induce or correct aberrations. To reduce the system complexity, strict pupil conjugation was abandoned because low-order aberrations are often dominant. We experimentally confirmed a recent theoretical and experimental demonstration that the image resolution was almost insensitive to aberrations that mostly induce a reduction of the signal level. As a consequence, an image-based algorithm was applied for the optimization process by using the FFOCT image intensity as the metric. Aberration corrections were demonstrated with both an USAF resolution target and biological samples for LCSLM-induced and sample-induced wavefront distortions.
Suppression strategy for short-circuit current in loop-type DC microgrid

In low-voltage dc microgrid, many power electronic devices may suffer from overvoltage or overcurrent when there's a short-circuit fault in lines. To improve the power supply reliability in dc microgrid, suitable protection strategy for suppressing short-circuit current in dc lines is indispensable. In this paper, a loop-type dc Microgrid with high power supply reliability is adopted. Furthermore, different short-circuit fault types in dc bus are discussed. And the influences of snubber circuits attach to switches, equivalent impedance of fault current freewheeling circuits and short-circuit fault point positions have been analyzed. The simulations and experiments results present the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Survey of non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in emergency departments in Belgium

A study was undertaken to assess the availability and use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in emergency departments in Belgium. A questionnaire was sent to the head physicians of 145 emergency departments (EDs) found in the list of the Belgian College of Emergency Physicians (BeCEP). Ninety eight questionnaires were analysed (representing 68% of the questionnaires sent). NIV was used in 49% of the EDs. In the hospitals where NIV was not used, the most important reasons given were no available equipment in 71%, lack of experience with this form of treatment in 32.7%, and more time consuming for physicians and nursing staff in 22.8%. Only 3.8% of the physicians doubted the benefit of NIV treatment. In the hospitals where NIV was used, the patient was watched during the first hour by one nurse only in 19.6%, by one physician in 8.6% and by a nurse and a physician in 54.5%. NIV was used for more than 4 h in 33% of EDs. Pressure-controlled ventilation (with home respirators) was used more often than volume-controlled ventilation.
Analysis and Mitigation of Effect of Plating Stub on Transmission Waveform and Eye Diagram

Plating stubs inevitably form in the manufactured processes for ball grid array packages. This paper investigates how the plating stub affects the time-domain transmission (TDT) waveform and eye diagram. A scheme for mitigating the effect of the plating stub is also proposed. The effects of time-domain reflection noise generated by the plating stub on the TDT waveform are precisely studied using a lattice diagram. Simple and approximate formulas are developed to determine whether the eye diagram crosses the eye mask. With this determination, the maximum length of the plating stub can be estimated.
Inhibitory Effect of a Conjugate between Human Urokinase and Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor on Tumor Cell Invasion in Vitro(*)

Proteolytic enzymes such as urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), plasmin, and collagenase mediate proteolysis by a variety of tumor cells. uPA secreted by tumor cells can be bound to a cell surface receptor via a growth factor-like domain within the amino-terminal fragment (ATF) of the uPA molecule with high affinity. Urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) efficiently inhibits the soluble and the tumor cell-surface receptor-bound plasmin and subsequently reduces tumor cell invasion and the formation of metastasis. The anti-invasive effect is dependent on the anti-plasmin activity of the UTI molecule, domain II in particular. We synthesized a conjugate between ATF of human uPA and a native UTI molecule or domain II of UTI (HI-8). The effect of the conjugates (ATF•UTI or ATF•HI-8) on tumor cell invasion in vitro was investigated. ATF•UTI and ATF•HI-8 bound to U937 cells in a rapid, saturable, dose-dependent, and reversible manner. A large part of receptor-bound ATF•UTI and ATF•HI-8 remains on the cell surface for at least 5 h at 37°C. Inhibition of tumor cell-surface receptor-bound plasmin by ATF•UTI and ATF•HI-8 was markedly enhanced when compared with tumor cells treated either with ATF, UTI, or HI-8. Results of a cell invasion assay showed that ATF•UTI and ATF•HI-8 is very effective at targeting HI-8 specifically to uPA receptor-expressing tumor cells, whereas tumor cells devoid of uPA receptor may be less affected by the conjugates. Our results indicate that cell surface uPA and plasmin activity is essential to the invasive process and that the conjugates exhibit plasmin inhibition to the close environment of the cell surface and subsequently inhibit the tumor cell invasion through Matrigel in an in vitro invasion assay.
CLINICAL AND FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF ANGIOGENESIS AND ANTI-ANGIOGENESIS

Abstract Insight into the fundamental physiological mechanisms of blood vessel development and neoformation has led to the discovery of multiple angiogenic growth factors and inhibitors. To date, atleast 5 angiogenesis inhibitors are readily available for clinical use, mainly in the treatment of cancers and age-related macular degeneration. More inhibitors are yet to come and the indications for their clinical use are expected to broaden. Conversely, the use of angiogenic stimulators, although initially promising in animal models and in small uncontrolled pilot studies in patients with ischaemic heart disease or peripheral arterial occlusive disease, could thus far not show any convincing therapeutic improvement. Challenges still remain as to which angiogenic factor or combination of factors should be administered and in which form (protein versus gene), and what route and duration of administration should be used. Further clinical perspective might come from the recent identification of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a modifier of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and as a promising therapy in the treatment of ALS in preclinical animal models. This review discusses the different clinical trials of angiogenic inhibitors and stimulators, preceded by some fundamental aspects of angiogenesis, giving the clinician a brief overview of the most relevant angiogenic topics.
System identification with partial inheritance of existing model

In this manuscript, we propose an identification method to construct a state-space model that inherits steady-state characteristics from an existing model. It is assumed that in prior to an identification experiment, designers have a model which is generally poor but accurately expresses partial steady-state characteristics of an actual system. Only the characteristics are extracted and inherited to a renewed model via the combination with any subspace method.
Remote procedure call protocols for real-time systems

Like all real-time services, the correctness of a real-time remote procedure call depends on the processing time of the calling algorithm, the traffic on the network and eventual failures of the communication network. If the deadline of an RPC cannot be met due to these problems, the result produced by the server will be of little or no use. The authors investigate three different protocols for real-time remote procedure calls and compare their performances. The protocols are designed for, respectively, hard-deadline requests with early guarantees, without guarantees, and soft deadline requests. They compare the performances of the three protocols by simulations. <<ETX>>
A qualitative study in the ethnic identification processes of HAKKA people in Hong Kong: The role of family socialization among generations of HAKKA

This study, dealing with the evolution of Hakka ethnicity in Hong Kong, explores the responses of Hakka interviewees from four generations of Hakka. Differences existed between these generations as a result of a change in socialization, which was connected to a change in the economic structure of Hong Kong, leading Hakka people to slip away from their village environment to the city; this had a profound effect on family and social networks that play a major part in defining Hakka ethnicity. By looking at socialization effects on language, behavioral qualities and the celebration of Hakka culture at traditional festivals, it is hoped that this thesis will shed light on Berry’s acculturation model, which only serves to show that the dominant culture or the culture of origin is either fully rejected or fully retained. In the case of this study on the Hakka, Berry’s argument falls short for the Hakka people have adopted a strategy, wherein they have only modified, rather than retaining or rejecting, their own culture in the light of changing circumstances.
Fine structure of the gnathosoma of Archegozetes longisetus Aoki (Acari: Oribatida, Trhypochthoniidae)

Oribatida are one of the main groups of Acari comprising mostly important decomposers in soils. Most species are particle feeders, an exceptional mode of nutrition in Arachnida. Hence, their feeding organs, the gnathosoma, are of special functional interest. We studied nearly all components using scanning and transmission electron microscopies as well as reconstructions based on synchrotron X‐ray microtomography from the model oribatid Archegozetes longisetosus. Besides cuticular structures, we describe the full set of muscles and confirm the presence of a trochanter remnant at the base of the chelicera. Setae on the prodorsum and the anterior and posterior infracapitular setae are mechanoreceptors innervated by two dendrites ending with tubular bodies. Dendrites of adoral setae, anterior setae of the chelicerae, and the supracoxal setae show neither obvious tubular bodies nor wall or terminal pores. Thus their function remains obscure. For the first time, a muscular proprioreceptor has been found in Arachnida. It likely monitors the actions of muscles moving the movable digit of the chelicera. Glandular structures within and associated with the gnathosoma are described. Dermal glands represented by secretory porose areas are found within the infracapitulum. More complex associated glands comprise the podocephalic glands and the infracapitular glands, the ducts of which were traced completely for the first time. The components described are mostly fundamental for the gnathosoma of Actinotrichida (Acariformes), one of the two lineages of Acari, to which Oribatida belong. The gnathosoma is generally considered the most relevant putative synapomorphy of Acari. Since the monophyly of Acari has become more and more questionable during the last decades, a thorough reinvestigation of this body part is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of acarine and even arachnid phylogeny and evolution. This article provides a starting point of such a re‐evaluation of the gnathosoma. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comprehensive assessment of nephrotoxicity of intravenously administered sodium-oleate-coated ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in rats

Abstract As a main excretory organ, kidney is predisposed to direct/indirect injury. We addressed the potential nephrotoxic effects following expositions of healthy rats to nanoparticle (NP) loads relevant to humans in a situation of 100% bioavailability. Up to 4 weeks after administration, a single iv bolus of oleate-coated ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (in dose of 0.1%, 1.0% and 10.0% of LD50) or TiO2 NPs (1.0% of LD50) did not elicit decline in renal function, damage to proximal tubules, alterations in: renal histology or expression of pro-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic genes, markers of systemic or local renal micro-inflammation or oxidative damage. Antioxidant enzyme activities in renal cortex, mildly elevated at 24 h, completely restored at later time points. Data obtained by multifaceted approach enable the prediction of human nephrotoxicity during preclinical studies, and may serve as comparison for alternative testing strategies using in vitro and in silico methods essential for the NP-nephrotoxicity risk assessment.