Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of MEMS Based Energy Harvester to Profile Environmental Parameter Using Autonomous WSN Components

With the rapid development on micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) and wireless transmission technology, wireless sensor networks (WSN) are becoming an emerging technology with a number of potential applications. One such application is the monitoring of agricultural environmental parameter. Such an application requires an infinite-life power source that will harvest energy continuously from the ambient environment. This paper describe about the design, and development consideration of an energy harvester for an autonomous sensing system. The sensing components of WSN are connected with the energy harvester on the same structure to generate required energy from the ambient environment. As a case study, the power requirement by MIMOS Berhad [1] developed WSN components are measured from real time deployment. Based on the power requirement an autonomous system is designed (patent granted [2]) and proof of concept (POC) of the system is implemented. The POC shows from 1 cm2 area of the energy harvester a potential difference of 0.6 V and current of 0.25mA can be achieved. These results shows, by cascading several unit area of the energy harvester and integrating it with WSN components, it is possible to achieve autonomous WSN system, which is very essential for realistic deployment of WSN.
Various Routing Protocols Performance Analysis for WiMAX Network

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a useful technology provides fixed and mobile access and offer the same subscriber experience for fixed and mobile user. WiMAX Provides other significant facilities to increasing amounts of bandwidth, using a variety of mobile and roaming devices. The earliest version of WiMAX is based on IEEE 802.16 and is optimized for fixed and roaming access, which is further extended to support portability and mobility based on IEEE 802.16e, also known as Mobile WiMAX. However, whenever topology changes caused by node movements make routing in Mobile WiMAX networks a problem. In this Paper we are analyzing routing protocols especially for wireless networks. An assumption of each subscriber station has its routing capabilities within its own network is prepared. The performance matrix includes Packet Delivery fraction (PDF), Throughput, End to End Delay, and number of packet dropped were identified.
Instantaneous frequency distribution for pulse-output DDS

The pulse-output Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS), in which the overflow signal of the phase accumulator is used for the pulse output, can be applied to sonar and radar systems as a way of signal generation and modulation. Despite its simple hardware implementation, it suffers the drawback of phase jitter. In this paper, the pulse-output DDS for continuous wave (CW) signal generation is introduced and the phase jitter problem is analysed. By examining the instantaneous frequency of the overflow signal, this paper reveals that the generated CW pulse is far from being single frequency, instead two different frequencies exist. How these two frequency components are distributed with time is also considered. An inequality that helps select the value of system clock to achieve certain frequency precision is given. This paper also analyses the pulse duration error and initial time delay error. Experiment results are in good agreement with calculations.
Non-radiative composite right/left-handed transmission line based on ridge substrate integrated waveguide

A composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) based on a ridge substrate integrated waveguide (RSIW) is proposed and investigated. Its guided wave properties of backward-wave supporting are studied. This CRLH TL is realised by etching an interdigital capacitor on the ridge surface of the original RSIW. The CRLH TL is fabricated on a multilayer printed circuit board. Both the simulated and measured results are presented. Compared with other non-radiative CRLH waveguides proposed before, this RSIW-based CRLH TL has the advantages of miniaturised size, low profile, low cost etc. Besides, unlike other proposed planar CRLH TLs, this closed planar CRLH structure can keep the energy propagating inside so as to avoid energy leakage. Flexible designs can be developed based on this CRLH RSIW in guided-wave and radiated-wave applications.
Global Warming and Carbon Footprint: A New Challenge for Indian Chemical Industry

Abstract I will like to thank the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers for giving me the opportunity to deliver the Late Dr. H.L. Roy memorial lecture. I am honoured to deliver this lecture to commemorate the memory of the Founder President of the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers. Dr. Roy was one of the most famous chemical engineers of this country, who dedicated his life for providing a common platform to the chemical engineering fraternity of India and provided leadership and vision at the nascent stage of this institute. I had the privilege of being a part of this great legacy as the President of the Institute in 2002. I had the opportunity of interacting with him during my student days, when he used to visit the department of Chemical Engineering Panjab University Chandigarh, my alma mater. These interactions left a permanent mark on my life. He played an important role in shaping the department in its earlier days. His legacy will remain as a shining example for the coming generations of the chemical engineers.
Inverter drive signal processing via DFT and EKF

Two algorithms for estimating both the positive sequence fundamental symmetrical component and the frequency of the voltage system at the terminals of an inverter-fed three-phase motor are presented in this paper. The first one is based on the discrete Fourier transform of the instantaneous symmetrical component of the positive sequence and yields off-line estimates. The accuracy is improved by the application of flat-top windows which reduce leakage and negative interference effects. This algorithm can be used for microcomputer based tests and diagnostics of inverter drives. The second one is based on the extended Kalman filtering of the instantaneous symmetrical component of the positive sequence and gives on-line unbiased estimates. The harmonic components are rejected because they are treated as measurement errors. The EKF algorithm may lead to the development and implementation of adaptive control techniques. Several results obtained from these algorithms are reported and compared in this paper.
Characteristic Sounds Facilitate Object Search in Real-Life Scenes

Real-world multisensory events do not only provide temporally and spatially correlated information, but also semantic correspondences about object identity. Semantically consistent sounds can enhance visual detection, identification and search performance, but these effects are always demonstrated in simple and stereotyped displays that lack ecological validity. In order to address identity-based crossmodal relationships in real world scenarios, we designed a visual search task using complex, dynamic scenes. Participants searched objects in video clips from real life scenes with background sounds. Auditory cues embedded in the background sounds could be target-consistent, distracter-consistent, neutral and no sound (just background noise). We found that characteristic sounds enhance visual search of relevant objects in natural scenes but fail to increase the salience of irrelevant distracters. Our findings generalize previous results on object-based crossmodal interactions with simple stimuli and shed light upon how audio-visual semantically congruent relationships play out in real life contexts.
High-Speed Rail versus Air Transportation

Travel time savings, better quality of supplied services, greater comfort for users, and improved accessibility are the main factors of success for high-speed rail (HSR) links. In this paper, results are presented from a revealed and stated preference survey concerning HSR and air transport users in the Madrid–Barcelona, Spain, corridor. The data gathered from the stated preference survey were used to calibrate a modal choice model aimed at explaining competition between HSR and air transportation in the corridor. The major findings of the paper describe the demand response to different policy scenarios considering improvements in the level of transport services. From the model, prices and service frequency were found to be among the most important variables in competing with the other mode. In addition, it was found that check-in and security controls at the airport are a crucial variable for users in making their modal choices. Other policies, such as the improvement of parking facilities at train stations, play a secondary role.
Measuring Timber Truck Loads With Image Processing In Paper Mills

The raw material for the paper industry is wood. To have an exact account of the stock of piled sawn tree trunks every truck load entering the plant's stockyard must be measured as to the amount of wood being brought in. Weighting down the trucks has its own problems, mainly, due to the high capacity of the tree trunks to absorb water. This problem is further enhanced when calculations must be made to arrive at the mass of sawn tree trunks which must go into the process of producing a certain quantity of paper pulp. The method presented here is based on two fixed cameras which take the image of the truck load. One takes a view of the trunks in order to get information on the average length of the tree trunks. The other obtains a side view which is digitised and by just discriminating against a grey level the area covered by the tree trunk cross section is measured. A simple arithmetic operation gives the volume of wood in the trunk. The same computer, a PC, will register the trucks particulars is almost independent of weather the wood is wet or dry and it serves trucks of any size.
“I Need to Be the First One With a Different Approach and to Make a Difference to the People” - Transforming Pediatric Training for Non-physician Clinicians in Malawi: A Mixed-method Study

Background: Malawi has a critical shortage of skilled health workers limiting its ability to achieve its outlined national health goals. To address this, in 2012, theMinistry of Health and the College of Medicine introduced a three-year specialist Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree in Paediatric and Child Health (PCH) for Clinical Officers, a non-physician clinician cadre. In this training program, learning occurs through supervised ward rounds, bloc courses, and a research project. The German Society of Paediatrics and International Child Health, with funding from the German government, provided support between 09/2017 and 08/2019. This study aims to evaluate this support project to model the training for the coming cohorts of BSc PCHCO students.Methods:All 17 currently enrolled students took partin this study. Quantitative data was collected between 01/2018 using the Research Self-Efficacy Scale (RSES, ten-point scale), Stages of Change (SOC, four-point scale), and the post-self-assessment survey of bloc courses (five-point scale). In addition, three focus group discussions and five in-depth interviews with students and key informants were conductedduring April 1-10, 2019.Results:The mean (SD) scores for RSES and SOC model were 9.10 (0.91) and 3.54 (0.40) respectively; for the bloc course post-self-assessment it was 3.26 (0.48). Students found the program well-paced, felt that their clinical knowledge and skills had improved, and valued the acquired holistic approach of disease management which included the social determinants of health. They reported increased confidence and being more prepared for leadership roles at their facility and community. The involvement of international lecturers enriched their global perspectives. Students had concerns about theirrecognition in the government system and continued support after graduation. The shortage ofsupervising and teaching staff was perceived as a key barrier to continuing the program. Conclusion: Studentsimproved theirclinical expertise, developed self-efficacy, andnew attitudes towards research. Application of various educational strategies through this project and the involvement of teachers from diverse backgrounds may enable them to build their professional networks. Continuous professional development and alumni mentoring are recommended to sustain the achieved results.
Study of a small-scale standing-wave thermoacoustic engine

Abstract This article reports experimental and modelling results obtained with a small-scale standing-wave thermoacoustic engine. Reticulated vitreous carbon is used as the stack material and atmospheric air as the working fluid. The engine is tested with resonators of variable lengths in the range 57–124 mm. The engine starts generating sound at temperature differences of 200–300 °C between the hot and cold parts of the system. The acoustic pressure amplitudes up to 2 kPa are measured inside the resonator in the excited regimes. A simplified energy-balance theory adequately predicts a trend in the temperature difference for the sound onset, while underestimating actual values. Model estimations show that the stack-generated acoustic power reaches 100 mW at the stack-based efficiencies of several per cent.
Application of Fixed-Wing UAV-Based Photogrammetry Data for Snow Depth Mapping in Alpine Conditions

UAV-based photogrammetry has many applications today. Measuring of snow depth using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) techniques is one of them. Determining the depth of snow is very important for a wide range of scientific research activities. In the alpine environment, this information is crucial, especially in the sphere of risk management (snow avalanches). The main aim of this study is to test the applicability of fixed-wing UAV with RTK technology in real alpine conditions to determine snow depth. The territory in West Tatras as a part of Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) in the northern part of Slovakia was analyzed. The study area covers more than 1.2 km2 with an elevation of almost 900 m and it is characterized by frequent occurrence of snow avalanches. It was found that the use of different filtering modes (at the level point cloud generation) had no distinct (statistically significant) effect on the result. On the other hand, the significant influence of vegetation characteristics was confirmed. Determination of snow depth based on seasonal digital surface model subtraction can be affected by the process of vegetation compression. The results also point on the importance of RTK methods when mapping areas where it is not possible to place ground control points.
The United States Textile Industry on the Eve of its Third Century

The current state of the United States textile Industry is surveyed. The scope of the various sectors of the industry is outlined, and there is a brief review of the major end-uses for textile materials and of the quantities consumed by them. The impact of recent technological developments is assessed, and the effects of changes in the industry structure are discussed. Objectives for the future are stated, and the conclusion is reached that the textile industry is one of the most important industries in the United States and now ranks as a world-class competitor.
Time constraints on measuring building R-values

Abstract : This report discusses the time constraints on measuring the thermal resistance (R-value) of building components. Temperature changes on either side of a building component perturb measurement accuracy. Long measurement times and measurement times corresponding to a consistent diurnal cycle can be satisfactory; however, individual temperature changes cause significant error for shorter measurement periods. This report shows how to scale the thermal properties of individual constituent materials in a building element to determine its characteristic thermal time constant. The report then demonstrates the size of measurement error resulting from a variety of changes in temperature with representative walls of different time constants. (Author)
Uniform Mass Distribution Properties and Body Size Appropriate for the 50 Percentile Male Aircrewmember during 1980-1990.

Abstract : The design and anaysis of aircraft seating, restraint and interior systems requires careful consideration of human factors relating to the mission to be performed and to the characteristics of the occupant. If comparisons are to be made among different system concepts, it is desirable to have a uniform basis for describing the characteristics of the human occupant and of any tools used as a human surrogate in the design, analysis or evaluation of the system. To this end, the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory initiated an effort for the promotion of a tri-service Standard Man military specification in February 1980. The immediate goal of that effort was to develop a specification for body dimensions, joint locations, sitting heights, and mass distribution of military aircrewmen. A meeting was held in March 1980 to discuss this effort and to establish a program to accomplish the work.
SET domain-containing protein 4: biological functions and role in genomic methylation profiles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Background: Epigenetic modification is a crucial mechanism affecting the biological function of stem cells. SETD4 is a histone methyltransferase, and its biological role in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is currently unknown. This work was aimed to reveal the SETD4 biological role as well as its impacts on the genomic methylation profiles in BMSCs. Methods: BMSCs were isolated form SETD4 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice that established by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The cell proliferation, migration, myogenic differentiation and angiogenesis were tested according to appropriate biology techniques. And the Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) method was adopted to analyze the global genomic methylation profiles of BMSCs, following bioinformatics analysis of GO functions and KEGG signaling of differential methylated CpG sites and differential methylation regions (DMRs). Finally, validation experiments were conducted to examine the expression of histone lysine methyltransferase and some representative genes. Results: SETD4 KO significantly promoted BMSCs proliferation, which was characterized by enhanced cell viability and increased expression of PCNA, Cyclin A2, Cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK6, Bcl2 and decreased the expression of P16, P21 and Caspase3. SETD4 deficiency impaired BMSCs migration and myogenic differentiation potentials, and even the angiogenesis via paracrine of VEGF. Compared with WT control, the overall genomic methylation of BMSCs in the SETD4 KO group only was decreased by 0.47%. However, the changed genomic methylation covers a total of 96,331 differential methylated CpG sites and 8692 DMR, with part of them settled in promoter regions. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that differential CpG islands and DMRs in promotes impacted 270 GO functions and 34 KEGG signaling pathways, with some closely related to stem cell biology. SETD4 KO inhibited sets of monomethylases and dimethylases for histone lysine, along with significant changes in some factors including Nkx2.5, Gata4, Gli2, Grem2, E2f7, Map7, Nr2f2 and Shox2 that associated with stem cell biology. Conclusions: These results are the first to reveal that even though SETD4 changes the genome’s overall methylation to a limited extent in BMSCs, it still affects the numerous cellular functions and signaling pathways, implying SETD4-altered genomic methylation serves a crucial molecular role in BMSCs’ biological functions.
Reduction of printed circuit board group assembly time through the consideration of efficiency loss of placement time

In a high‐mix middle‐volume production environment for printed circuit board (PCB) assembly, the production efficiency strongly depends not only on the tactical level of how to group PCBs but also on the operational level of how to assign feeders and determine placement sequences in the group setup strategy. The present study discusses the problem of clustering PCBs into groups in such a way that total placement and setup time can be minimized. This problem is motivated by a situation that the reduction of group setup‐time and efficiency loss of placement time should be balanced in a PCB group setup optimization. This research incorporates placement time into the PCB job grouping and presents a weighting similarity measure. To solve component‐feeder assignment and placement sequences for a family of PCBs, an efficient procedure based upon an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is developed. Group setup performance is evaluated and compared under a variety of grouping algorithms. Experiments are conducted to discover situations where the consideration of efficiency loss of placement time can make a significant improvement in PCB group assembly.
Linking operations performance to knowledge management capability: the mediating role of innovation performance

The ability of an organisation to efficiently and effectively operate in a competitive environment hinges to a large extent on its knowledge capability and innovation performance. Thus, the main goal of our study is to examine this link by means of regression analysis in a sample of 124 firms. The results indicate that knowledge management capability is positively related to innovation performance which, in turn, has a positive effect on operations performance. The findings provide evidence that innovation performance plays a mediating role between knowledge management capability and operations performance. Therefore, managers need to facilitate dynamics of knowledge acquisition, sharing and application, and then utilise it to cultivate a better level of technical and administrative innovation performance, which in turn will result in favourable operations performance. The article concludes with implications and directions for future research.
Evolutionary Neural Network Modeling of Blast Furnace Burden Distribution

Abstract A neural network-based model of the burden layer thickness in the blast furnace is presented. The model is based on layer thicknesses estimates from a single radar measurement of the burden (stock) level in the furnace and describes the dependence between the layer thickness and key charging variables. An evolutionary algorithm is applied to train the network weights and connectivity by optimizing the model structure and parameters simultaneously, tackling part of the parameter estimation by linear least squares. This enhances convergence and results in parsimonious and transparent network models with actions that can be explained. Finally, the networks are used in a hybrid model for analyzing novel charging programs and for studying the limits of the charging process.
Microwave imaging of two‐dimensional dielectric cylinders with a multiscaled frequency hopping approach

A multiscaled multifrequency method for inverse profiling of 2D dielectric cylinders is presented. The inverse problem is solved at all frequency hops using a multiscale scheme: the problem is solved at a coarse resolution where it is more stable, and this solution is used as a starting estimate for solving the problem at progressively increasing scales. Multiscaling reduces the risk of the solution getting trapped in a local minimum with respect to the deterministic optimization method employed for the inverse‐scattering problem. Thus, better initial estimates are provided for the iterations at higher frequencies. Testing the strategy on synthetic multifrequency data provides promising results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 353–355, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20467