Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of strategic self-talk on divided attention following physical exhaustion

ABSTRACT In the sport literature, strategic self-talk has been shown to improve task performance, and these effects have been partly attributed to enhanced attention. Furthermore, research has shown that strategic instructional self-talk can help counter the adverse effects of ego depletion on attention tasks. Extending this line of research, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of strategic instructional self-talk on a divided attention task following physical exhaustion. Participants of 60 undergraduate students with a mean age of 20.23 years were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Following a short familiarisation with task procedures, participants were induced into a state of physical exhaustion through a running protocol on a treadmill. Immediately after the conclusion of the physical task, they performed the divided attention test on the Vienna Test System, during which participants of the experimental group were instructed to use strategic intructional self-talk cues. The analysis of the final assessment showed that the self-talk group had a higher percentage of correct responses and faster reaction times than the control group. The results of this study suggest that strategic instructional self-talk can help counter the potentially negative consequences of physical exhaustion on attention. The findings provide further support for an attentional interpretation of self-talk effectiveness, suggesting that improvements in attention functions can be a plausible mechanism for explaining the facilitative effects of self-talk on task performance.
Battery cell modeling and online estimation of the state of charge of a lithium-ion battery

ABSTRACT Battery models are vital to the development of electric vehicles. Different models have been proposed over the years to describe the battery dynamics in various degree of detail. More detail comes at the cost of more computation. This paper proposes using a combination of the Kinetic Battery Model (KiBaM) and the dual capacity network model to capture both the nonlinear state of charge variation and linear transient response. After capture, we then derived a recursive formula for the online implementation of the proposed model. In the first part of this study, MATLAB® was used to build a battery model of a battery cell. The battery model simulates how the magnitude of the discharge current and state of charge influence the parameters of the model, with the results showing that it can predict the voltage response within a voltage error of 4% under dynamic loading. In the second part of the study, a model-based Kalman filter was adopted for estimating the state of charge. This algorithm was compatible with the recursive formula and could be used in conjunction with the online batter model.
Market Segmentation and Competitive Advantage in Nigerian Telecommunications

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of market segmentation on competitive advantage in the Nigerian telecommunications service sector in the Lagos state. Motivation: The Nigerian government's decision to liberalize the communication industry has increased rivalry among enterprises, implying that a market segmentation approach will improve both transaction flow and the quality of life. As a result, enterprises in the telecommunications sector must look beyond their financial capabilities and concentrate their efforts on developing a market positioning strategy that results in competitive advantage. Therefore, this study seeks to identify segmentation dimensions and their influence on competitive advantage and performance holistically: The focus was designed to establish the effect of factors of market segmentation such as measurability, accessibility, size, homogeneity, uniqueness and sustainability of a market segment on competitive advantage in the Nigerian telecom service industry. Data: A study of some selected telecommunications companies in the Lagos State, Nigeria, was adopted. Both purposive and accidental sampling was used to select a sample of 370 members of the population involved in the study using the Taro Yamane. Tools: Simple percentages and frequency tables were used as descriptive statistics, while Pearson correlation and Regression analysis were used for hypotheses testing. Findings: The study results indicate that measurability, accessibility, uniqueness, and size of a market segment are the most significant market segmentation variables that affect business competitive advantage in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. As such, to achieve competitive advantage through market segmentation, these variables must be well identified and strategically attained. Contribution: By comprehensively integrating and connecting the characteristics of market segmentation to competitive advantage, this study provides an understanding meaning to market segmentation based on the conceptual model. The study's implications for policymakers include that they should enhance these segmentation factors by incorporating additional characteristics outside of market segmentation to complement the market segmentation variables examined in this study in order to maintain competitiveness. Additionally, marketers may leverage customer relationship management (CRM) to create profitable market segments capable of recruiting new clients and lowering customer retention costs.
Spatial Pattern Analysis of Xinjiang Tourism Resources Based on Electronic Map Points of Interest

This study considers the Point of Interest data of tourism resources in Xinjiang and studies their spatial distribution by combining geospatial analysis methods, such as the average nearest neighbor index, standard deviation ellipse, kernel density analysis, and hotspot analysis, to explore their spatial distribution characteristics. Based on the analysis results, the following conclusions are made. Different categories of tourism resource sites have different spatial distributions, and all categories of tourism resources in Xinjiang are clustered in Urumqi city. The geological landscape resource sites are widely distributed and have a ring-shaped distribution in the desert area of southern Xinjiang. The biological landscape resources are distributed in a strip along the Tianshan Mountains. The water landscape resources are concentrated in the northern Xinjiang area. The site ruins are mostly distributed in the western region of Xinjiang. The distributions of the architectural landscape and entertainment and shopping resources are highly coupled with the distribution of cities. The distributions of the six categories of tourism resource points are in the northeast-southwest direction. The centripetal force and directional nature of the resource points of the water landscape are not obvious. The remaining five categories of resource points have their own characteristics. The distribution of resources in the site ruins is relatively even, and there are many hotspot areas in the geomantic and architectural landscapes, which are mainly concentrated in Bazhou and other places. The biological landscape has many cold-spot areas, distributed in areas such as Altai in northern Xinjiang and Hotan in southern Xinjiang. The remaining four categories have cold-spot and hotspot areas with different distributions. Tourism is an important thrust for economic development. The study of the distribution of tourism resources on the spatial distribution of tourism resources has clear guidance for later tourism development, can help the tourism industry optimize the layout of resources, and can promote tourism resources to achieve maximum benefits. The government can implement effective control and governance.
FoRAM Index in Manado Bay coral reef areas, Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia

Benthic foraminifera are protozoans that are readily preserved in marine sediments. The relative proportion of benthic foraminifera that harbor symbionts compared to the proportion that are opportunistic or small/heterotrophic can be used to indicate the quality of the aquatic environment for coral reefs via the FoRAM Index (Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring). This study assesses the functional composition of benthic foraminifera in the waters of Manado Bay using the FoRAM Index. Sampling was carried out at 4 stations with 3 replicates each using SCUBA equipment at a depth of 3-6 meters. The 4,124 benthic foraminifera specimens collected were distributed over 37 genera and the FoRAM Index ranged from 1.90 to 9.12. The water conditions at three of the stations (Meras, Molas, and Malalayang) are very conducive to the growth of coral reefs, with FoRAM Index values ranging from 5.64 to 9.12, while at the Sario station the FoRAM Index value was only 1.90 to 2.04, indicating that this aquatic environment is unsuitable for the growth and development of coral reefs.
Risk management following international standards in the routine of an umbilical cord blood bank

This work demonstrates the main elements of the risk management system at a Brazilian umbilical cord blood bank, taking into account the criticality and individuality of the procedures as well as regulatory and certifying agency guidelines. This study involved the implementation of a Risk Management Committee which was responsible for process flow mapping; identifying, analyzing, classifying, treating, and monitoring risks using brainstorming, flowcharts, Pareto distribution, Ishikawa diagrams, and FMEA. Almost 900 risks were divided into 16 sectors, with 24% of total risks in the Blood Processing sector, demonstrating a strong relationship between critical activities and exposure to risks. Occurrence and severity were defined, followed by risk treatment and monitoring. The risk management system provided a more reliable infrastructure to customers and employees, upgraded the capabilities of the company, successful ISO 9001: 2015 certification, and renew American Association of Blood Bank accreditation. This paper presents a specific look at the implementation of a risk management system in a private umbilical cord blood bank. Typically, this sort of information is kept in internal company documents and is not widely disclosed in the literature. In this sense, this study presents a useful perspective for practitioners and academics.
Teaching in Uncertain Times: Expanding the Scope of Extraneous Cognitive Load in the Cognitive Load Theory

The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented and highly threatening, constrained, and confusing social and educational environment, we decided to expand the traditional focus of the extraneous load in Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) acknowledging the psychological environment in which learning occurs. We therefore adapted and implemented principles of the CLT to reduce extraneous load for our students by facilitating their educational activities. Given previous empirical support for the principles of CLT, it was expected that the adoption of these principles might enable our students to cultivate attitudes and skills across multiple domains such as online learning and presentation technologies, implementing and maintaining a “classroom atmosphere” in a virtual environment, participating in discussions among large online groups of students, facilitating group work, providing virtual office hours for students, and proactively planning for upcoming semesters.
Development and Characterization of Embroidery-Based Textile Electrodes for Surface EMG Detection

The interest in wearable devices has expanded to measurement devices for building IoT-based mobile healthcare systems and sensing bio-signal data through clothing. Surface electromyography, called sEMG, is one of the most popular bio-signals that can be applied to health monitoring systems. In general, gel-based (Ag/AgCl) electrodes are mainly used, but there are problems, such as skin irritation due to long-time wearing, deterioration of adhesion to the skin due to moisture or sweat, and low applicability to clothes. Hence, research on dry electrodes as a replacement is increasing. Accordingly, in this study, a textile-based electrode was produced with a range of electrode shapes, and areas were embroidered with conductive yarn using an embroidery technique in the clothing manufacturing process. The electrode was applied to EMG smart clothing for fitness, and the EMG signal detection performance was analyzed. The electrode shape was manufactured using the circle and wave type. The wave-type electrode was more morphologically stable than the circle-type electrode by up to 30% strain, and the electrode shape was maintained as the embroidered area increased. Skin-electrode impedance analysis confirmed that the embroidered area with conductive yarn affected the skin contact area, and the impedance decreased with increasing area. For sEMG performance analysis, the rectus femoris was selected as a target muscle, and the sEMG parameters were analyzed. The wave-type sample showed higher EMG signal strength than the circle-type. In particular, the electrode with three lines showed better performance than the fill-type electrode. These performances operated without noise, even with a commercial device. Therefore, it is expected to be applicable to the manufacture of electromyography smart clothing based on embroidered electrodes in the future.
HORIZONTAL MARKET INTEGRATION OF RUBBER AMONG SOME SELECTED MAJOR EXPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

The research determined the horizontal market integration among the spatial major exporters of rubber viz. Ivory Coast, Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand in the world. Time series data from the FAO and UNCTAD data repositories that covered 51 years period (1966-2017) were utilized. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as the unit root test, Johansen co-integration test and, restricted vector autoregressive (VAR) test. The empirical evidence showed presence of passive horizontal integration among the spatially separated markets. Compliance with the WTO policies makes the market prices of Ivory Coast to have effective linkages with the prices of all the selected markets; as trade war affected the price relationships between the latter markets viz. Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand; all situated in Asia. The market prices of Philippines and Thailand were not autarkic, thus the most efficient, as they are stable in the long-run and have the capacity to absolve any shocks that causes disequilibrium to its long-run equilibrium from any of the short-run. In addition, the market prices of Philippines and Thailand were more efficient as their prices were formed within the system while that of Ivory Coast and Indonesia depend on exogenous effect. The market prices of Thailand wield significant influence in price determination of rubber among the selected markets as the latter markets were relative follower in the international market. It was established that rubber marketing is useful in the international sphere as all the selected market prices witnessed persistent volatility. A high product quality will makes the market prices of Ivory Coast, Philippines and Thailand to be remunerative while poor quality coupled with sharp practices of oligopolistic middlemen will affect the market prices of Indonesia. Thus, the need for an effective marketing network that will enhance integration and efficient price communication among these markets is recommended.
3D modeling and analysis of superparamagnetic effects in ATEM based on the FDFD

Superparamagnetic (SPM) effects lead to 1/t power-law delay approximately during the middle and late periods of transient electromagnetic responses. Ignoring SPM effects can produce large errors and cause incorrect data interpretation. Furthermore, because of the nonlinearity of the Chikazumi magnetic susceptibility model, it is difficult to discretize the model in the time domain. Therefore, developing an algorithm for three-dimensional (3D) modeling of SPM effects in the time domain directly is difficult. In view of the above problems, we propose a 3D modeling method of SPM effects for airborne transient electromagnetic (ATEM) data. We also introduce the widely used Chikazumi magnetic susceptibility model into the finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method. According to the mapping relations between the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic permeability on the grid after discretization, we re-establish the scientific matrix of the magnetic permeability. And we adopt arithmetic averaging of the two adjacent cubes’ magnetic permeability as the magnetic permeability in boundary, which is a different setting method with the electrical conductivity. The 3D modeling of SPM effects is successfully realized, and its maximum relative error is less than 7%. We subsequently analyze the intrinsic properties of the abnormal magnetic medium, as well as the effect of the SPM unit's parameters, such as the depth, thickness, electrical conductivity, zero-frequency magnetic susceptibility, and the height of the receiver, on the response. Then, we calculate the SPM responses of 3D magnetic bodies and analyze the influence of magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity on magnetite responses. The present study can provide theoretical guidance for ATEM detection in magnetic media and lay a foundation for 3D inversion of SPM effects.
Indonesia Composite Index Prediction using Fuzzy Support Vector Regression with Fisher Score Feature Selection

A precise forecast of stock price indexes may return a profit for investors. According to CNN Money, in the same month, as much as 93% of global investors have lost money for trading stock. One of the stock price indexes is the stock composite index. Exact predictions of the stock composite index can be critical for creating powerful market exchanging strategies. In this paper, a modified supervised learning method used to solve regression problems, Fuzzy Support Vector Regression (FSVR) is focused. As the complexity of many factors influences the movement of stock price prediction, the prediction results of Support Vector Regression (SVR) cannot always meet people with precision. Thus, this study implies Fuzzy Support Vector Regression (FSVR) stock prediction model, in which fuzzy membership with mapping function is employed to generate a precise price fluctuation of stock. To assure the use of features on model prediction, Fisher Score is used to find high-quality features that can enhance the accuracy. Indonesia Composite Index or Jakarta Composite Index (JKSE) is considered as input data and the result showed that Fisher Score could be applied as feature selection on Indonesia Composite Index prediction with the best model is eleven out of fifteen features with 80% of training data with 0.043529error.
Protocols for Secure Remote Access to Vehicle Onboard Diagnostic Systems in Smart Cities

The onboard diagnostic system (OBD) is almost standard on every modern vehicle. By exploiting the availability of wireless OBD dongles, vehicles can be assessed by the transportation authority and drivers to ensure compliance with emissions regulations. A vehicle’s OBD system can be remotely accessed by a fog node to retrieve a variety of the vehicle’s internal status and sensor readings. Such information can be shared with the transportation authority for registration renewal without the need for visiting emission stations. However, such automation comes at the risk of malicious intrusion into the OBD system by an attacker who aims to gain access to a vehicle’s internal network and control the vehicle. This article tackles this serious issue and proposes protocols for mutual authentication and securing the wireless connection between the OBD dongle, fog node, and authority. The robustness of the proposed protocols is verified using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) toolset.
Phylogenomics and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bovine Leukemia Virus Focusing on Asian Native Cattle: Insights Into the Early Origin and Global Dissemination

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, is currently one of the most important pathogens affecting the cattle industry worldwide. Determining where and in which host it originated, and how it dispersed across continents will provide valuable insights into its historical emergence as the cattle pathogen. Various species in the Bos genus were domesticated in Asia, where they also diversified. As native cattle (taurine cattle, zebu cattle, yak, and water buffalo) are indigenous and adapted to local environments, we hypothesized that Asian native cattle could have harbored BLV and, therefore, that they were important for virus emergence, maintenance, and spread. In this study, phylogeographic and ancestral trait analyses—including sequences obtained from Asian native cattle—were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of BLV. It was shown that, since its probable emergence in Asia, the virus spread to South America and Europe via international trade of live cattle. It was inferred that zebu cattle were the hosts for the early origin of BLV, while taurine cattle played the significant role in the transmission worldwide. In addition, the results of positive selection analysis indicate that yak had a substantially minor role in the transmission of this virus. In this study, endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences in bats, collected in Asian countries, were also analyzed on whether these sequences were present in the bat genome. Endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences were detected from bat species endemic to specific regions and geographically isolated for a long time. Endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences from these geographically isolated species represent ancient exogenous deltaretroviruses distributions. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that these newly obtained endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences were closely related to those of BLV from Asian native cattle, indicating that BLV-related ancient deltaretroviruses circulated in Asia long before the emergence of BLV. Together, our analyses provide evidence for origin and spatiotemporal dynamics of BLV.
Microneedle Array-Assisted, Direct Delivery of Genome-Editing Proteins Into Plant Tissue

Genome editing in plants employing recombinant DNA often results in the incorporation of foreign DNA into the host genome. The direct delivery of genome-editing proteins into plant tissues is desired to prevent undesirable genetic alterations. However, in most currently available methods, the point of entry of the genome-editing proteins cannot be controlled and time-consuming processes are required to select the successfully transferred samples. To overcome these limitations, we considered a novel microneedle array (MNA)-based delivery system, in which the needles are horizontally aligned from the substrate surface, giving it a comb-like configuration. We aimed to deliver genome-editing proteins directly into the inner layers of leaf tissues; palisade, the spongy and subepidermal L2 layers of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) which include cells that can differentiate into germlines. The array with needles 2 μm wide and 60 μm long was effective in inserting into Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybeans) SAM without the needles buckling or breaking. The setup was initially tested for the delivery of Cre recombinase into the leaves of the reporter plant A. thaliana by quantifying the GUS (β-glucuronidase) expression that occurred by the recombination of the loxP sites. We observed GUS expression at every insertion. Additionally, direct delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) targeting the PDS11/18 gene in soybean SAM showed an 11 bp deletion in the Cas9 RNP target site. Therefore, this method effectively delivered genome-editing proteins into plant tissues with precise control over the point of entry.