Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Cisplatin and Calpain-1

Chemo-resistance of breast cancer is a major obstacle for successful treatment and is mainly represented as a defect in apoptosis. The differential effects of platinum-based drugs (PBDs) were assessed on breast cancer cell ultrastructure. Three representative cells, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), were treated with different con centrations and timings of cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. Changes on cell surface and ultrastructure were detected by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmis-sion electron microscope (TEM). In addition, using advanced techniques in molecular biology, we demonstrated that calpain-1 plays an essential role in modulating breast cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. We also showed that the correlation of its expression to the proliferating/apoptotic index using immunohistochemical staining in TNBC tissue was variable. Exploring new pathways will help in overcoming chemo- resistance in breast cancer cells.
Housing for elderly in cross culture context

This paper concerns different contexts of elderly housing and its provision basing on the premise that, similar to other socially-disadvantaged, the elderly needs such social support as subsidy and direct aid due to their declining decision-making power and physical ability. Elderly housing is by and large a social support scheme jointly supplied by various sectors. This paper raises the question whether market arrangement is capable of supplementing social services of elderly housing in absence of efficient institutions? It adopts a comparative case approach to confronting the important concern that cities are distinctive by their institutional conditions for elderly housing provision. We select three international cities and compare their elderly housing policies and provision. We found that elderly housing in different cities exhibits its unique structural features. Given continuous aging population, the market-driven segment may be a valid substitute of the state-driven services. And this creates stratification of the life-style retirement village sub-market and the government intervened and regulated aged care facilities sector.
Genetic evaluation and QTL validation for iron toxicity tolerance in a Northeast Indian rice germplasm under acidic lowland ecology

Soils of north east India is predominantly acidic and marginal in fertility due to soil impairment such as iron (Fe) and aluminum toxicity. Fe toxicity occurring in the lowlands significantly jeopardize the rice yield. Improving rice genotypes having Fe toxicity tolerance is most sustainable solution to tackle this problem. A study was conducted using 95 genotypes collected from different parts of northeast India to assess the agronomic variability under Fe toxic ecology. Further, the genotypes were also assessed for the presence of Fe toxicity tolerance QTLs. Significant levels of variability were observed for all the traits studied, which showed moderate to high heritability under iron toxicity stress. Among the traits studied, grain yield was the most affected followed by productive tiller number. The leaf bronzing which indicated iron toxicity in rice showed significant influence on grain yield through its action through productive tiller number. This implied that Fe toxicity significantly affected tiller development in rice. Eighteen markers linked to Fe toxicity tolerant QTLs were surveyed across the germplasm to identify two-sub populations, POP1 and POP2. Both the sub-populations had significant but low genetic variance between them while having a high genetic variance between individuals within the sub-population. Both the sub-populations were in perfect Hardy Weinberg equilibrium indicating that all the alleles present in the population were having fixed and high genotypic frequency. Association of marker alleles with agronomic traits revealed five robust associations such as, RM519 and RM445 with productive tiller number, RM142 and RM201 with leaf bronzing score and RM519 with grain yield. A survey of allele distribution pattern among the genotypes reveled potential carriers for the QTLs for leaf bronzing score, productive tiller number and grain yield such as 8
LEVAN PRODUCTION POTENTIALS FROM DIFFERENT HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENTS IN TURKEY

compatibility low viscosity, heat stability, acid-alkaline and a saline lake in Delice (Kırıkkale) belonging to Turkey, were investigated in terms of levan production. After incubation and ethyl alcohol treatment, dialysis process was operated for partial purification. Levan amounts in our samples after hydrolysis were calculated based on the amount of sugar obtained by acid hydrolysis of standard levan. Sugar amount of samples were determined using by high performance liquid chromatography system (HPLC). 1 H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectra of the levan sample and standard were recorded. The results obtained by HPLC analysis showed that Chromohalobacter canadensis strain 85B had highest production potential as 234.67 mg levan/g biomass. The chemical shifts of 1 H-NMR spectrum of the extracted levan also showed high similarity to those of pure levan isolated from Erwinia herbicola. Furthermore, Marinobacter sp. 163Y strain also is also capable with regard to levan production. In this study, this strain could yield 230.80 mg/g levan and this potential was first reported in the literature.
Distribution of aquatic macrophytes along depth gradients in Lajeado Reservoir, Tocantins River, Brazil

Abstract Aim The present study investigated the diversity of aquatic macrophytes in the littoral zone of Lajeado Reservoir, Tocantins River. We characterized spatial variations in species richness, composition and abundance along depth gradients. Methods Macrophyte sampling occurred at the end of the dry season (September and October 2014) in four sites of the reservoir. We established transects perpendicular to the shoreline, each 25 m long, divided in 3 sections (plots of 5 x 5 m). Results In total, we recorded 18 taxa of aquatic macrophytes, belonging to nine families and four life forms. Najas microcarpa, Echinodorus tenellus. and Chara sp. were the more frequent and abundant taxa. Considering depth gradients, we recorded 18 taxa in the section closer to the shoreline, 13 in the middle section and 10 in the section more distant to the shoreline. Submerged and emergent species were more frequent and abundant, especially in the section close to the shoreline; epiphytes and free-floating species were rare. Plot species richness (total, emergent and submerged) decreased along the gradient, and a Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) revealed that the plot close to the shoreline had different composition when compared to adjacent sections. Individual species showed particular behaviors, but most tended to decline in abundance and occurrence along the gradient. Conclusions The present study revealed that small-scale environmental gradients affect the distribution of aquatic plants in Lajeado Reservoir, with greater diversity in habitats close to the shoreline.
Fat polymorphism and crystal seeding effects on fat bloom stability of dark chocolate

The effects of seeding with fine crystal powders on the physical properties of dark chocolate are re viewed in terms of the polymorphism and crystallization behavior of cocoa butter (CBJ and of its major fat constituents. The polymorphic structure of four symmetric mixed acids saturated -oleic-saturated (Sat-0Sat) triacylg lycerols (TAGs I [POP (1 ,3-dipalmitoyl-2oleoyl -glyceroll ;SOS I 1 ,3-distearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol); AOA (1 ,3-diarachidoyl-2-oleoyl -glycerol); and BOB 11 ,3-dibehenoyl-2-oleoyl-glyceroi)J. and of tristearoylglycerol (SSSI are briefly explained. An attempt is made at replacing the currently used tempering meth~ ad in the chocolate solidification process, by a simple cooling technique using fat seed crystals. CB (form VI). SOS 1/i11. BOB (pseudo-/i·l. BOB i/i2), and SSS 1/il are examined as seed materials. The addition of all powders accelerated the crystallization of dark chocolate . Fat bloom stability is also improved by the seed crystals, except w ith SSS. The effect is highly dependent on the physical properties of the seed material employed. The most influencing factors are the similarities in the polymorphic behavior between the seed material and cocoa butter, especially, chain length structure. Thermal stability of the seed crystal is also very important. In view of all physical properties examined, the present review concludes that the p2 form of BOB performs best as a seed material. In particular, it gives rise to an accelerated crystallization of form V of CB and moderates change in viscosity and anti bloom effects after thermal incubation of dark chocolate below and above the melting point of CB. Initial paper received July 6, 1990 Manuscript received October 8, 1990 Direct inquiries to T . Koyano Telephone number: 81 -492-845427 ~~: Chocolate, seeding . BOB crystal powder, cocoa butter, polymorphism, fat bloom, tempering, triacylglycerol.
Stability of aluminum in low-temperature lithium-ion battery electrolytes. Progress report, October 1997--September 1998

The authors investigated the stability of aluminum at the high positive potentials encountered during the charging of lithium-ion cells. The electrolyte in these cells consists of solutions of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium methide in binary- and ternary-solvent mixtures of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate. They performed the investigations with the controlled potential coulometry technique. They found that a protective surface film was formed on aluminum electrodes in these solutions and that this film protected the electrodes from further corrosion. The protective surface film was found to break down in lithium methide solutions at 4.25 V versus a lithium reference electrode, and this resulted in increased corrosion of the aluminum electrodes at higher potentials. In contrast to lithium methide solutions, the protective surface film formed on aluminum electrodes in lithium hexafluorophosphate solutions was found to be quite stable and did not break down at potentials up to [approximately]5 V.
Maximizing the quality of NMR automatic metabolite profiling by a machine learning based prediction of signal parameters

The quality of automatic metabolite profiling in NMR datasets in complex matrices can be compromised by the multiple sources of variability in the samples. These sources cause uncertainty in the metabolite signal parameters and the presence of multiple low-intensity signals. Lineshape fitting approaches might produce suboptimal resolutions or distort the fitted signals to adapt them to the complex spectrum lineshape. As a result, tools tend to restrict their use to specific matrices and strict protocols to reduce this uncertainty. However, the analysis and modelling of the signal parameters collected during a first profiling iteration can further reduce the uncertainty by the generation of narrow and accurate predictions of the expected signal parameters. In this study, we show that, thanks to the predictions generated, better profiling quality indicators can be outputted and the performance of automatic profiling can be maximized. Thanks to the ability of our workflow to learn and model the sample properties, restrictions in the matrix or protocol and limitations of lineshape fitting approaches can be overcome.
Carbon and nitrogen stocks in the soil and humic substances of agricultural crops in the semi-arid region

The implementation of conservationist systems of cultivation, with less soil turning and a greater deposition of plant residue, has increased the stocks of C and N in soil and humic substances, but may reduce the quality of the organic matter (SOM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the storage of carbon and nitrogen in plant residue, humic substances and soil at three depths (0-0.2, 0.2-0.4 and 0.4-0.6 m) and under five systems of cultivation: an old banana plantation (14 years cultivation), renovated banana plantation (renewed 1.5 years earlier), sugarcane plantation (two years cultivation), pasture (three-year-old Colonial grass), crotalaria juncea (cultivated yearly for five years) and native forest, as a reference of a natural semi-arid environment. The dry weight of the plant residue deposited on the soil was determined, together with the levels and stocks of total carbon (C) and total nitrogen (TN), the stocks of C and N in the humic substances (fulvic acid, humic acid and humin fractions), and the C/N and C-HF/(C-FAF+C-FAH) ratios. The greatest levels of C were seen in the plant residue from the renewed banana plantation, pasture and crotalaria, but the deposition of dry matter and the stocks of C and TN were higher in the plant residue of the native forest. In the soil, the largest stocks of C and TN were found in the surface layers (0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m). The stock of C and TN, and of C in the humic fractions of the SOM did not differ between the majority of the cropping systems or the native forest, indicating the maintenance of C and N in the cultivated soils compared to the native vegetation. Cropping systems that include banana, sugarcane and crotalaria increase the C stock in the humin fraction and the degree of humification of the SOM at most of the soil depths under evaluation.
Effects of Soil pH and Fertilizers on Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) Vegetative Growth

Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) is a new northern latitude fruit crop that is increasing in popularity. This sudden enthusiasm for haskap increases the need for obtaining baseline knowledge related to establishing it as a crop, such as its optimal soil pH and fertilizer needs. In a greenhouse, one-year-old haskap plants (cultivar: Indigo Treat©) were grown in a local loamy sand. We assessed the impact of pH and fertilizer on haskap vegetative growth through an experiment involving four soil pH and five fertilization treatments of three N sources (ammonium, nitrate, and organic (chicken manure)). Leaf senescence as well as above-ground and root biomass were recorded after 19 weeks of vegetative growth. For cultivar Indigo Treat©, optimal vegetative growth was observed under slightly acidic soil conditions (pHCaCl2 5.5–6 or pHwater 5.9–6.5) without application of N. Phosphorus and K fertilizers did not influence vegetative growth. We here discuss the implications for establishing haskap orchards.
Two New Species of Cricket Frogs of the Genus Fejervarya bolkay , 1915 (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the Peninsular India

The Dicroglossidae frogs of genus Fejervarya Bolkay, 1915 are morphologically cryptic and represented by one of the widespread group of frogs across the tropical Asia comprising about 45 species. Being morphologically cryptic, taxonomic status for many of the species remains uncertain. Recent studies using integrative taxonomic approach have revealed the existence of many novel and hitherto undescribed species. Herewith, we describe two new species of Fejervarya viz. Fejervarya kalinga sp. nov. and Fejervarya krishnan sp. nov. from peninsular India having morphological and phylogenetic distinctness. Detailed morphological descriptions and comparisons with the known congeners along with their systematic relationship inferred from phylogenetic analyses are presented herein. Taxonomic problems within the genus for the peninsular India and the pattern of phylogenetic relationships are also presented.
A study about Explainable Articial Intelligence: using decision tree to explain SVM

The technologies supporting Arti cial Intelligence (AI) have advanced rapidly over the past few years and AI is becoming a commonplace in every aspect of life like the future of self-driving cars or earlier health diagnosis. For this to occur shortly, the entire community stands in front of the barrier of explainability, an inherent problem of latest models (e.g. Deep Neural Networks) that were not present in the previous hype of AI (linear and rule-based models). Most of these recent models are used as black-boxes without understanding partially or even completely how di erent features in uence the model prediction avoiding algorithmic transparency. In this paper, we focus on how much we can understand the decisions made by an SVM Classi er in a post-hoc model agnostic approach. Furthermore, we train a tree-based model (inherently interpretable) using labels from the SVM, called secondary training data to provide explanations and compare permutation importance method to the more commonly used measures such as accuracy and show that our methods are both more reliable and meaningful techniques to use. We also outline the main challenges for such methods and conclude that model-agnostic interpretability is a key component in making machine learning more trustworthy.
Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in protected areas of Greece

: Greece hosts a highly diverse hoverfly fauna. The high diversity in this area arises primarily due to its position in the Mediterranean region, which is located at the junction of Europe, Asia and Africa and acts as a transition zone between three major bio- geographic regions. Sites with the richest hoverfly fauna in Greece are mostly protected. Species richness in selected protected areas were estimated using biodiversity indices. Accord- ing to the results, the most important categories for conservation and survival of hoverfly populations in Greece are national parks and Ramsar sites.
Different subtypes of influenza A viruses target different human proteins and pathways leading to different pathogenic phenotypes

Different subtypes of Influenza A viruses cause different pathogenic phenotypes after infecting human bodies. Direct binary interactions between viral proteins and human proteins provide an important background for influenza viruses to cause complex pathologies of hosts. Here, we demonstrated the different impacts on the TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation of H1N1 and H5N1 virus proteins. By further examining the virus-host protein-protein interactions (PPI), we found that the same segment protein of the H1N1 and H5N1 viruses target on different host proteins. We then performed a yeast two-hybrid analysis of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus and human proteins. Influenza-host protein-protein interaction networks of three strains of influenza A viruses (including two other reported influenza-host PPI networks) were systematically compared and mapped on the network level and the pathway level. The results show subtype-specific characters of the influenza-host protein interactome, which may response for the specific pathogenic mechanisms of different subtypes of influenza viruses. Importance Influenza A virus (IAV) can cause contagious respiratory illness, namely influenza (flu). The symptoms of infections from different subtypes of IAVs vary from mild to severe illness. The mechanism of these different pathogenic phenotypes remains poorly understood. Our results show that the same NA and NP segments from H1N1 and H5N1 virus cause different impacts on the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, we generated a yeast two-hybrid protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between H5N1 and human proteins. By systematically comparing the influenza-host PPI networks of three strains of IAVs, we show that different subtypes of IAVs target different human proteins and pathways, which may have led to different pathogenic phenotypes.
Breed-specific genome-wide association study for purebred and crossbred performance

The association of a given SNP with purebred (PB) performance might be different than its association with crossbred (CB) performance, because of interactions of the SNP marker with the environment or the genetic background. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to examine breed-specific associations of SNP to PB and CB performance. For this, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for back fat thickness (BF) with an approach that implements a genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model considering breed-of-origin of alleles. We observed some same regions for PB and CB performance, but the effects differed when observed in a PB or CB background. As expected, the breed with the lowest genetic correlation for BF between PB and CB, had fewest SNPs in common between PB and CB. Moreover, the effect of a given allele associated to BF in CB depended on the breed it was inherited from. These results suggest that SNP effects depend on the environment and on their genetic background, and are valuable to understand the low responses obtained when selecting PB animals for CB performance. The recognition of important regions associated to performance plus the differentiation of SNP effects according to their breed-of-origin, might inform future prediction models for CB performance.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND PLANT GROWTH PRO-MOTING ACTIVITIES OF ENDOPHYTIC PANTOEA SP. ISOLAT-ED FROM Zygophyllum album MEDICINAL PLANT

The present study revealed that Z. album medicinal plant which naturally inhabitant arid conditions, is an ecological niche for promising growth promoting bacterial endophytes (Pantoea sp. strains NGB-W48 and NGB-W53). These endophytes displayed multiple plant growth promoting traits (phosphate solubilization, IAA and siderophore pro-duction), without symptomatic injury. Inoculation of wheat plants with strains NGB-W48 and NGB-W53 along-with 50% reduced N- fertilizer dose, dramati-cally stimulated plant growth and in-creased the accumulated N in plant shoots compared to the uninoculated plants. This study indicates that bacterial endophytes isolated from medicinal plants possessing a vital role to improve plant growth and could be used as inoculants to enhance soil fertility and establish a sustainable crop production system.
USO DO LICURI (Syagrus coronate) MOIDO NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE CORDEIROS

________________________________________________________ 14 1.0 INTRODUCTION _________________________________________________ 16 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE _________________________________________ 17 2.1 Sheep production _________________________________________________ 17 2.2 Licuri __________________________________________________________ 18 2.3 Lipids _________________________________________________________ 19 2.4 Fibre __________________________________________________________ 23 3.0 REFERENCES ____________________________________________________ 30 CHAPTER I _________________________________________________________ 36 ABSTRACT _________________________________________________________ 37________________________________________________________ 37 2.0 MATERIAL AND METHODS _______________________________________ 40 2.1 Protocol, animals and general procedures ______________________________ 40 2.2 Ingredients, diets, and chemical composition ___________________________ 40 2.3 Intake and digestibility ____________________________________________ 40 2.4 Physical effectiveness NDF and chewing activity _______________________ 43 2.5 Nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis _______________________ 44 2.6 Blood parameters _________________________________________________ 45 2.7 Performance, slaughter procedure, and storage of meat samples ____________ 45 2.8 Proximate chemical analysis of meat _________________________________ 46 2.9 Physical analysis of meat ___________________________________________ 46