Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methods to Register Models and Input/Output Parameters for Integrated Modeling

Significant resources can be required when constructing integrated modeling systems. In a typical application, components (e.g., models and databases) created by different developers are assimilated, requiring the framework’s functionality to bridge the gap between the user’s knowledge of the components being linked. The framework, therefore, needs the capability to assimilate a wide range of model-specific input/output requirements as well as their associated assumptions and constraints. The process of assimilating such disparate components into an integrated modeling framework varies in complexity and difficulty. Several factors influence the relative ease of assimilating components, including, but not limited to, familiarity with the components being assimilated, familiarity with the framework and its tools that support the assimilation process, level of documentation associated with the components and the framework, and design structure of the components and framework. This initial effort reviews different approaches for assimilating models and their model-specific input/output requirements: 1) modifying component models to directly communicate with the framework (i.e., through an Application Programming Interface), 2) developing model-specific external wrappers such that no component model modifications are required, 3) using parsing tools to visually map pre-existing input/output files, and 4) describing and linking models as dynamic link libraries. Most of these approaches aremore » illustrated using the widely distributed modeling system called Framework for Risk Analysis in Multimedia Environmental Systems (FRAMES). The review concludes that each has its strengths and weakness, the factors that determine which approaches work best in a given application. « less
Application of daily rainfall principal component analysis to the assessment of the rainy season characteristics in Senegal

The interannual variability of the onset and cessation dates of the rainy season (RS) in Senegal is analyzed over the 43 yr period 1950-1992, using daily rainfall data for 34 stations. The use of principal component analysis, based on rainfall only, is explored to identify aggregate, regional indexes for the onset and cessation of the rains. The minimum and maximum values of the cumula- tive scores of principal component 1, for each year, are used to locate the onset and cessation dates, respectively. Very distinct spatial rainfall patterns are found before and after the onset/cessation dates. Mean dates compare favorably with those based on other definitions, though our method is not meant to provide dates with a local, rigorous agronomic significance. Over 1950-1992, the time- series for the cessation shows a significant trend towards earlier dates, with an abrupt shift occurring around 1970. There is also a small trend for a delayed onset of the rains. However, the interannual variability of onset is greater than that of cessation dates. Correlation between onset, cessation, dura- tion and total rainfall amounts is generally significant, but not as high as expected. 1988 and 1989 are good illustrations, with nearly identical rainfall amounts but an onset delayed by 1.5 mo in 1988 as compared to 1989. Graphs obtained using this method provide other interesting information about the RS, such as the general performance of the RS in terms of total rainfall amount. Pronounced dry spells are easily located: 29 cases were found between 1950 and 1992, concentrated in the early part of the RS (June-July). 'False starts' of the rains can also be monitored; they were reported in 16 out of the 43 years. Frequencies of dry spells and false starts do not exhibit any particular long-term trends.
Design of an 10 kVA-45 A automatic static transfer switch module

Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS's) are designed to provide emergency power when the main power source fails. To avoid this impact and to protect effectively the loads, one solution is to provide a redundant loading system using a dual power energy source other than the UPS to achieve an automatic static transfer when necessary. In this work, an additional module has been designed and connected between a critical load and the output of two independent UPS systems; if primary UPS fails, the module automatically transfers the load to the other one with a minimum transfer switching time. The results presented demonstrate a transfer switch time below 3 ms, compared to commercial products of 4 to 6 ms.
Oscillatory flow reactors (OFRs) for continuous manufacturing and crystallization

Continuous crystallization is an attractive approach for the delivery of consistent particles with specified critical quality attributes (CQAs), which are attracting increased interest for the manufacture of high value materials, including fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Oscillatory flow reactors (OFRs) offer a suitable platform to deliver consistent operating conditions under plug-flow operation while maintaining a controlled steady state. This review provides a brief overview of OFR technology before outlining the operating principles and summarizing applications, emphasizing the use for controlled continuous crystallization. While significant progress has been made to date, areas for further development are highlighted that will enhance the range of applications and ease of implementation of OFR technology. These depend on specific applications but include scale down, materials of construction suitable for chemical compatibility, encrustation mitigation, the enhancement of robust operation via auto.
Triple-helix Writeback: Reducing Inner-Bankgroup Contention in DDR4 SDRAM Memory System

For decades, memory controllers for DDRx memory exploit row-buffer locality to improve the efficiency of memory access. Recently, the bankgroup feature of the latest DDR4 memory requires inter-bankgroup parallelism to saturate the memory bus unlike previous DDRx generations. To exploit both the row-buffer locality and the interbankgroup parallelism, the DDR4 memories require intelligent memory controllers. Modern memory controllers reorder both read requests and write requests to maximize the available memory bandwidth. Compared with read requests, write requests have large scheduling space because write requests do not stall the processor pipeline unlike read requests. Therefore, several memory scheduling techniques utilize the dirty data on the last-level caches to exploit the row-buffer locality. However, these techniques cannot utilize the inter-bankgroup parallelism effectively. To maximize the memory access efficiency on the DDR4 memory access, we propose Triple-helix Writeback. Triple helix writeback analyzes the writeback request for the last-level cache to detect multiple writeback streams to utilize the inter-bankgroup parallelism. When multiple writeback streams for different bankgroups are detected, the memory controller eagerly writes the dirty data on the detected writeback streams simultaneously. This scheduled writeback method improves the memory bus utilization efficiency of complicated DDR4 memories because the memory controller can effectively exploit both the row-buffer locality and the inter-bankgroup parallelism. We evaluated Triple-helix Writeback by the cycle-accurate full system simulation. The simulation result shows that the Triple-helix Writeback improves performance and energy efficiency by 4.7% and 5.9%, respectively.
The tensile property of commercial Bi2223 tapes: a report on the international round-robin test

In order to establish the test method of mechanical properties of oxide composite superconductors, an international round-robin test (RRT) has been carried out under the programme of VAMAS activity, for which eight research groups participated. The present RRT made the following guideline clear for assessing the mechanical property of Ag/Bi2223 multifilamentary tapes. Owing to the constitution of the brittle superconductive oxide layer embedded in the ductile metal matrix, the stress–percentage extension (R–A) curve shows a three-stage behaviour, that is, the true elastic region is very narrow and is followed by the quasi-elastic region before reaching the macroscopic plastic region. For assessing the elastic constant, it is recommended to look for the maximum slope carefully by enlarging the initial part of the R–A curve. The following three quantities, elastic constant, yield strength and tensile strength, can be reasonably determined with good accuracy by the procedure reported in this paper. The percentage extension after fracture is, however, excluded from the standard procedure, because it scatters to a great extent owing to the nature of the test sample as well as the experimental limitation.
THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE EQUITY ON VALUE CREATION AMONG LISTED FIRMS AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE

The subject of private equity is gradually gaining prominence in emerging markets with equity funds and their related transactions on the increase. Private equity offers an alternative means of capital acquisition while also influencing the overall corporate organizational form. This paper investigated the impact of private equity on value creation among listed firms at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A causal research design was adopted having return on assets and return on equity as value creation proxies which were analyzed against independent variables generated from three central pillars of the private equity model comprising of financial, operational and strategic segments. The research used secondary data drawn from financial statements to generate financial ratios which reflected outcomes of P.E involvement on its central pillars. The findings of the study revealed that financial modification in the capital structure had a little to no impact on the value creation metrics reflecting Modigliani and Miller’s capital structure irrelevance theory. On the other hand, both operational and strategic indicators demonstrated predominantly significant causal association with value creation. Structural influences introduced in operational and strategic segments coupled with the expertise of the general partners would therefore be beneficial to enterprise growth and value creation.
Improving Bug Triage Based on Predictive Model

Lot of MNC companies invest more time and cost to deals with bug report day by day. An necessary step of fixing the bugs is bug triage, which aims to properly assign the programmer for a new bug. To avoid the time increment in manual , text classification and binary classification techniques are used. Data reduction for bug triage is take in hand hence we merge the instance selection and feature selection which concurrently decrease the data size and recover the accuracy of bug reports in bug triage. To find out the order of applying the two algorithms namely CHI feature selection and ICF instance selection by using predictive model to produce high quality of bug data. Bug reports are converted into bar chart model. Finally, produce the output as graphical representation. The output shows that data reduction can successfully reduce the data size and increase the accuracy of bug triage.
Aluminium structures exposed to fire conditions - an overview

This paper gives an overview of the structural behaviour and design of aluminium structures exposed to fire conditions. Two design approaches are elaborated: the "traditional" approach that is mainly based on conventions and the fire safety engineering approach that is more based on physics. For the traditional approach, equations for the aluminium member temperature are provided, mechanical properties are given and recently developed calculation models for flexural buckling, local buckling and heat affected zone rupture are presented. For the fire safety engineering approach the possibilities for evaluation of member temperature are provided, a constitutive model for aluminium alloys is given which can be implemented in finite element programmes and two design examples are presented to show the evaluation of the structural behaviour. The paper concludes that the fire safety engineering approach is preferred for the fire resistance evaluation in particular for structures made of materials sensitive to fire conditions, such as aluminium alloys.
Commercialization through Market Participation: Analysis of Factors Determining Butter Market Participation and Level of Supply, Tigray Region, Ethiopia

Market participation is both a cause and a consequence of economic development. Markets offer households the opportunity to specialize according to comparative advantage and thereby enjoy welfare gains from trade. Empirical analysis of the determinants of smallholder market participation has to deal with the econometric hazard of selection bias. The problem arises because households (or individuals) face different types of decisions in relation to market participation, a discrete decision over whether or not to participate in a given market, and a continuous decision as to how much to sell conditional on market participation. following the Heckman two-step approach, the first step is to estimate a Probit model of participation in the relevant market as a function of both those variables that likely also determine butter sales volumes, conditional on market participation, as well as one or more exclusion restriction variables. The study was aimed at identify factors determining butter market participation and supply. Accordingly, the econometric result of market participation decision indicated butter yield, number of extension visit, market information access, family size, distance to nearest market and distance to development center are the significant factors affecting butter market participation. Similarly, quantity produced, distance to nearest market and distance to development center are significant factors affecting level of supply. Based on the study findings, institutional services, butter productivity and spatial setting are main determinants of butter market participation and volume of trade. Therefore, more attention is needed for investments in development of physical infrastructure, communication and road networks. It is also important develop farmers awareness and decision making capacity through training. Institutional arrangements like cooperatives can also be very successful in dealing with both information asymmetries and easily attain competitive edge. In addition, extension agents service should go beyond production technique and therefore should address issues related to marketing, saving and finally commercialization of butter will be achieved. Keywords: butter supply, market participation, Heckman’s two step model
Dynamical back-action at 5.5 GHz in a corrugated optomechanical beam

We report on the optomechanical properties of a breathing mechanical mode oscillating at 5.5 GHz in a 1D corrugated Si nanobeam. This mode has an experimental single-particle optomechanical coupling rate of |go,OM| = 1.8 MHz (|go,OM|/2π = 0.3 MHz) and shows strong dynamical back-action effects at room temperature. The geometrical flexibility of the unit-cell would lend itself to further engineering of the cavity region to localize the mode within the full phononic band-gap present at 4 GHz while keeping high go,OM values. This would lead to longer lifetimes at cryogenic temperatures, due to the suppression of acoustic leakage.
Studying Consumers’ Ecological Consciousness – A Comparative Analysis of Romania, Malaysia and Pakistan

In the context of an increasing discourse on sustainability and environmental protection, the research on ecological consumer behavior becomes a necessity for companies. The extension in number of multinational companies determines an adaptation of their policies from one country to another. Based on a comparative approach of consumers in Romania, Malaysia and Pakistan, this paper analysis the dimensions of ecological consciousness, and highlights similarities and differences between the countries. In order to reach this objective, the research presents a structural equation model founded on primary data collected from an online survey. Religion and national culture are the main differences outlined by the analysis, in terms of ecological consciousness.
Manufacturing Real Wages in Mexico: The Role of Macroeconomic Factors

In this paper we analyze the determinants of real wages in Mexico’s manufacturing sector. We emphasize the macroeconomic aspects involved, and use econometric panel data techniques to model the behavior of real wages for the 1988-1999 period. In the study we found, in the first place, strong persistence of wages, in the sense that their current level depends on their past level. Besides that, we found that the minimum real wage, the overall unemployment rate, as well as the evolution of productivity, have an important influence on the average real wage. Also, we found that inflation, and “price surprises”, i.e. acceleration of the rate of inflation, bring about a fall in real wages. Finally, the average import tariff and the real exchange rate affect the real wage.
SUNFLOWER AND SOIL RESPONSE TO SEVEN YEARS OF TILLAGE, RESIDUE MANAGEMENT AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER

A 7-years (2006−2012) field study was carried out at the research station of Baikola, Neka, Iran; the experiment included treatments varying in: (1) wheat straw management: plus residue (+R) and minus residue (-R); (2) tillage system: zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT); and (3) Nitrogen rates: 0 (control), 80, 160 and 240 kg N ha-1 (N1-N4). After 7 years of continuous practice, ZT+RN4 and ZTR+RN3 had the best soil quality and produced the highest sunflower yields of average 2010–2012 (5250 and 5150 kg ha−1, respectively). Removing the residues, i.e. treatments ZT−RN1 (average 2010–2012: 2150 kg ha−1), gave the lowest yields and less favorable soil physical and chemical characteristics compared to the other practices. Organic C, total N, moisture, aggregates stability, mechanical resistance, pH and EC were the factors that defined the difference in soil quality between conventional tillage and zero tillage. The principal component combining the variables organic C, total N, aggregate stability and moisture content showed the highest correlations with final seed yield (R = 0.87 for sunflower). The findings suggest that ZT+R together with nitrogen fertilization would improve some soil properties, crop production and may also be better for the sustainability of high crop production. Keywords: Heliantus anuus; Soil quality; Wheat residue; Yield; Zero tillage.
Plasma levels of catecholamines and asymmetric dimethylarginine levels as predictive values of mortality among hemodialysis patients

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess plasma concentration of catecholamines and asymmetric dimethyl arginine levels and a possible relationship to predict the mortality rates among hemodialysis patients. The study population comprised 27 subjects, aged 65-70 years. Each patient underwent dialysis thrice a week. Furthermore, the median duration of hemodialysis was 3.5 years. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the concentrations of adrenaline and the level of asymmetric dimethylarginine have predictive value of mortality among hemodialysis patients. Of note, lowering plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentration may represent therapeutic target for prevention of progressive renal damage.
The Effects of Economic Factors in Determining the Transition Process in Europe and Central Asia

This paper examines how economic determinants affect foreign direct investment into a sample of Western European and transition countries from 1990 to 2003. The observed differences in the flow of foreign investment into the transition countries, relative to those in Western Europe, provokes the question of whether this phenomenon was determined by the economic factors present in those countries. Using a conceptual model constructed from economic factors that affect FDI inflows, this study considers the sample set for two sub-periods in the transition process, namely the early period from 1990 to 1998 and the later period from 1998 to 2003. In the first period, economic factors do not account for comparatively higher rates of capital inflows into the Central European and former Soviet economies. This result is reconciled with the obvious difference observed in reality, by suggesting that the higher than expected FDI flows into the transition countries of Central Europe specifically were due to the transition process. In the second period, the rates of capital inflow remain relatively similar between Western and Central European economies, though the former Soviet economies were shown to experience different rates of FDI inflows based on the economic factors specified. The lack of difference between Central European and Western European FDI flows proves that the transition period had come to an end by 2003 for Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
Thermodynamical modeling of viscous dissipation in magnetohydrodynamic ﬂow

A genuine variational principle developed by Gyarmati, in the field of thermodynamics of irreversible processes unifying the theoretical requirements of technical, environmental and biological sciences is employed to study the effects of viscous dissipation and stress work on MHD forced convection flow adjacent to a non-isothermal wedge. The velocity and temperature distributions inside the boundary layer are considered as simple polynomial functions and the variational principle is formulated. The Euler-Lagrange equations are reduced to simple polynomial equations in terms of bound­ary layer thicknesses. The values of skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number are presented for various values of wedge angle parameter m, wall temperature exponent 2m, magnetic parameter ξ, Prandtl number (Pr) and Eckert number (Ec). The present results are compared with known available results and the comparison is found to be satisfactory and the present study establishes the fact that the accuracy is remarkable.
Effect of nanostructured multilayer coatings on functional properties of tools

State of the art of deposition of wear resistant coatings on cutting and cold forming tools is briefly reported. Some the PVD arc coatings developed and deposited at the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (IAMT) are discussed. The coatings’ structures are presented and the multilayer architecture in micro and nano-scale is revealed. Some results of PVD arc coatings developed and deposited at the Institute are presented. These include nanostructured and multilayer coatings, which indicate the possibility of considerable increase in tool lives. The current trends in development of coatings are briefly discussed.