Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatability of Work and Preferences for Redistribution

Although the importance of technological change for increasing prosperity is undisputed and economists typically deem it unlikely that labour-saving technology causes long-term employment or income losses, people ’ s anxiety about automation and its distributive consequences can be an important shaper of economic and social policies. This paper considers the political economy of automation, proposing that individuals in occupations more at risk of job loss due to automation have stronger preferences for government redistribution. I analyse individual-level cross-national data from the European Social Survey and other sources, covering up to 32 countries and more than 170,000 individuals. I ﬁ nd a robust positive association between occupational automation risk and preferences for redistribution. As long as the conditional (mean) independence assumption is satis ﬁ ed, my estimates suggest that a one standard deviation increase in automatability increases preferences for redistribution with roughly 0.05 standard deviations, which is comparable to the difference in preferences for redistribution between women and men.
Genetic differentiation in pesticide resistance between urban and rural populations of a nontarget freshwater keystone interactor, Daphnia magna

There is growing evidence that urbanization drives adaptive evolution in response to thermal gradients. One such example is documented in the water flea Daphnia magna. However, organisms residing in urban lentic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to chemical pollutants such as pesticides through run‐off and aerial transportation. The extent to which urbanization drives the evolution of pesticide resistance in aquatic organisms and whether this is impacted by warming and thermal adaptation remains limitedly studied. We performed a common garden rearing experiment using multiple clonal lineages originating from five replicated urban and rural D. magna populations, in which we implemented an acute toxicity test exposing neonates (<24h) to either a solvent control or the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. Pesticide exposures were performed at two temperatures (20°C vs. 24°C) to test for temperature‐associated differences in urbanization‐driven evolved pesticide resistance. We identified a strong overall effect of pesticide exposure on Daphnia survival probability (−72.8 percentage points). However, urban Daphnia genotypes showed higher survival probabilities compared to rural ones in the presence of chlorpyrifos (+29.7 percentage points). Our experiment did not reveal strong temperature x pesticide or temperature x pesticide x urbanization background effects on survival probability. The here observed evolution of resistance to an organophosphate pesticide is a first indication Daphnia likely also adapts to pesticide pollution in urban areas. Increased pesticide resistance could facilitate their population persistence in urban ponds, and feed back to ecosystem functions, such as top‐down control of algae. In addition, adaptive evolution of nontarget organisms to pest control strategies and occupational pesticide use may modulate how pesticide applications affect genetic and species diversity in urban areas.
The role of music-induced emotions on recognition memory of filmed events

The present study investigated the effects of pairing a comedic movie trailer with emotive music on subsequent recognition memory of the events depicted in the trailer. In an independent groups design, the comedic trailer was paired with happy music (congruent condition) or sad music (incongruent condition). A no music condition served as the control condition. The results showed that participants in the incongruent condition displayed a recognition memory advantage for visual test items over participants in the congruent and control conditions. While changes in self-reported positive and negative affect did not correlate significantly with recognition memory, the perception of emotion-specific categories did. These findings help to establish an empirical basis of ironic contrast techniques and propose an affective component in the integration and representation of audiovisual action that is likely to emerge where a participant perceives or recognizes expressed emotions in music, without necessarily feeling an overall positive or negative affect.
Enduring exploitative leaders at work: the buffering role of proactive personality on employee job strain

Purpose This paper aims to study followers' proactive personality (PP) as a personal resource in moderating the hindering impact of exploitative leadership (EL) on followers' job strain (JS). Design/methodology/approach Self-report data on EL, JS and PP were obtained from 113 working students in the USA, and a cross-sectional design was used. The data was analyzed using SPSS 27 through hierarchal multiple regression and the PROCESS macro. Findings The findings support the buffering role of PP on the hindering impact of EL on JS, such that followers with higher PP tend to buffer the positive relationship between EL and followers' JS. Practical implications This study recommends practitioners to hire proactive individuals and/or enable existing employees to engage in proactivity in the presence of exploitative leaders to better cope with their self-serving behaviors. Originality/value Using the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study is the first to use PP as a personal resource that protects against and mitigates the negative impact of EL.
Electronic and optical properties of Ba(1-x)Ca(x) TiO3 and Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO3

The effect of Ca and Sr-doping on the structural electronic and optical properties of the cubic Ba1-xCaxTiO3 and Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (x=0.4, 0.6) mixed crystals was investigated using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The calculated band structures based on the optimized geometry of the cell for the solid solutions show an indirect band gap character at M-points, with low energy dispersion along height symmetry directions in the Brillouin zone. The band gaps increase with Ca and Sr concentrations. The total and partial densities of states were analyzed to examine the contribution of different orbitals to the maximum of valence band and the minimum of the conduction band. The optical properties such as reflectivity, energy loss, refractive index and extinction coefficient were studied. #DFT_calculations #band_gap #density_of_states #optical_properties
Influence of Fruit and Vegetable Intake on Satiety and Energy Intake: A Review

Fruit and vegetable are the natural foods that contained various nutrients vital for good health and help in weight loss by suppressing an individual’s appetite. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the acute effect of fruit and vegetable intake on satiety and energy intake. We included randomized controlled trial or experimental designs measuring fruit and/or vegetable intake on satiety using subjective appetite rating and appetite related hormone and energy intake among healthy adults, published in English-language. The use of extract, powder form or concentrated fruit and/or vegetable and animal study were excluded. Twelve studies were identified from Pubmed, Science Direct and Cochrane from the year 1995 to August 2017, consists of six studies on fruit and six studies on vegetable. This review discussed the preload of fruit and vegetable in promoting satiety and reducing the energy intake. Manipulating energy density rather than portion size was effective in reducing total energy intake and promotes satiety. Fruit and vegetable in solid form had a greater satiety effect and significantly reduce energy intake compared to liquid or pureed form. The variation in time interval between fruit and/or vegetable intake and the test meal may also account a significant effect on satiety up to 2 h and diminished 3 h onward. The satiety effect of fruit and vegetable would be beneficial in body weight management.
Understanding Consumer Stockpiling during the COVID-19 Outbreak through the Theory of Planned Behavior

We use the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to investigate determinants of stockpiling behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown. We analyzed 518 responses to an online survey and used Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) techniques to estimate relationships between variables. Negative attitude (perceived barriers) and others’ behavior (descriptive social norms) were revealed as significant predictors for both intention to over-purchase and the actual stockpiling behavior. The lack of significance obtained for perceived behavioral control (PBC) is also an important result, strengthening the evidence that factors’ contribution to TPB’s predictive power is strongly context-dependent, respectively that PBC is less relevant in settings dominated by uncertainty. The lack of significance is especially compelling when stockpiling behavior is regarded as deviant conduct from effective consumption. Our findings expand the understanding on the applicability of TPB and offer informed practical suggestions for improving managerial strategies, public and private ones, during extreme events when self-regulation and cognitive control are expedient but hard to achieve.
How Does Active Change Affect Investment Efficiency? Evidence from Monthly Account-level Data on Chinese Online Platform

ABSTRACT Using the monthly mutual fund transaction data of individual investors on a large Chinese Fintech platform, the paper studies how does active change in risk-taking affect investment efficiency. In this paper, active change is found to have a positive and significant effect on investment efficiency, which is measured by expected Sharpe ratio. The empirical evidence supports the “smart money” effect in fund market. One possible channel is that individual investors obtain higher investment efficiency by chasing fund market trends. And it’s interesting to find that the effect of active change on investment efficiency is heterogeneous. The increasing financial cognition of investors weakens the effect of active change, while the risk aversion strengthens it. Moreover, long-term investor education plays an important role in guiding investment behaviors.
A novel bias compensation recursive least square‐multiple weighted dual extended Kalman filtering method for accurate state‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health co‐estimation of lithium‐ion batteries

State‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health of power lithium‐ion batteries are two important state parameters for battery management system monitoring. To accurately estimate the state‐of‐charge and state‐of‐health of in real time, the ternary lithium‐ion battery is taken as the research object, and a novel bias compensation recursive least square‐multiple weighted dual extended Kalman filtering method is proposed innovatively. The noise variance estimation is introduced to compensate the parameters identified by the general least square method to realize the accurate identification. The estimation value is corrected by using the residual and Kalman gain at multiple times, and different weights are configured for each residual according to the amount of information contained. The data of different complex conditions are used to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, the results show that the root‐mean‐square error of bias compensation recursive least square‐multiple weighted dual extended Kalman filtering under dynamic stress test and Beijing bus dynamic stress test condition can be controlled within 1.62% and 2.70% in state‐of‐charge estimation, 0.17% and 0.81% in state‐of‐health estimation, which verifies that the proposed algorithm in this research has good running effect. The novel bias compensation recursive least square‐multiple weighted dual extended Kalman filtering method lays a theoretical foundation for the safe operation of electric vehicles.
Fatigue is associated with physical inactivity in people with multiple sclerosis despite different environmental backgrounds: Merging and comparing cohorts from Turkey and Israel.

BACKGROUND Examining leisure-time physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) from different environmental backgrounds might increase understanding and awareness of inactivity in PwMS. Therefore, the study objective was twofold; to compare the level of physical activity in PwMS in Israel and Turkey and to examine the relationship between the level of physical activity with common disease-related symptoms and demographical characteristics of PwMS. METHODS Cross-sectional data collected by two centers were combined. The physical activity level was determined by the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, and subsequently, classified into one of three subgroups: "active", "moderately active" and "insufficiently active". Logistic regressions determined the risks of insufficiently active PwMS, according to age, gender, body mass index, disability, impact of walking impairment, disease duration, type of MS and perceived fatigue. The analysis of variance test determined the differences between countries in terms of outcome variables. RESULTS The study comprised 458 patients from Israel and 575 from Turkey; 68.2% Turkish PwMS were classified as insufficiently active compared with 52.0% of Israeli PwMS. The percentage of insufficiently active PwMS was significantly higher in those categorized as fatigued compared to non-fatigued in the total cohort (72.4% vs. 51.9%, p<0.001) and in each country separately. Based on the regression analysis, fatigue was the main factor associated with the insufficiently physically active group; odds ratio=1.968. CONCLUSION PwMS with increased fatigue tend to participate in less leisure-time physical activities compared with the non-fatigued. This observation is supported by the merged data collected from two countries, Turkey and Israel, representing PwMS from different environmental backgrounds.
Investigation of a control strategy for manipulation and prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms in metalworking fluids

Microbial contamination in metalworking fluid (MWF) circulation systems is a serious problem. Inhibiting quorum sensing mechanism (i.e. cell-cell communication) in bacteria is a promising approach to control and prevent biofilm formation. This study aimed to determine the microbial community in MWFs from two machining shops and investigate the effect of quorum sensing inhibitors on biofilm growth. In both operations, biofilm associated and planktonic microbial communities were dominated by Pseudomonadales (60.2-99.7%). Rapid recolonization was observed even after dumping spent MWFs and meticulous cleaning. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a model biofilm organism, Patulin (40μM) and Furanone C-30 (75μM) were found to be effective in reducing biofilm formation in MWFs. Particularly Furanone C-30 reduced biofilm by 76% and 82% over 48 hours. Putatively identified homoserine lactones in MWFs treated with Furanone C-30 indicated the effect of quorum sensing inhibition on biofilm formation. The results presented herein highlight the effect of quorum sensing inhibition as a potential strategy to manipulate biofilms in MWFs.
Daily life and women’ stressors through a structural topic modeling application of online messages

Abstract Recently, women have increasingly been participating in online communities related to psychological health via Internet use to communicate their stressful events in daily lives to others who have suffered from similar experiences. To explore sensitive and relevant stressors among women and identify common types of stressor, we collected 54,195 documents posted from 10 February 2007, to 14 January 2020 from free discussion boards by age group (20s to over 50s) within the online community for women in South Korea (www.ezday.co.kr). Subsequently, we conducted the computer-assisted text analysis with structural topic modeling (STM) using 10,725 user-generated documents including negative emotional expressions about daily stressful events. Then, based on these results of latent daily stressor-related topics for aiding qualitative content analysis, the current study present multiple stressors as the cause of stress with eight topics (mismatch of expected role demands, problems/lack of communication, interpersonal discontinuity, physical and mental health, discomfort of living, role conflict in interpersonal relationships, problems with maintaining/choosing a career, and family caregiving burden). Consequently, our research suggests text-based analysis to better explore reactivity to stressors that women may disclose in everyday life by exploring the language of psychological stress expressed on social media.
Environmental Factors Affecting the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Copepods in a Small Mesotidal Inlet and Estuary

To understand the environmental factors affecting the spatiotemporal distribution of copepods, sampling was conducted seasonally in a small mesotidal inlet and estuary located in Doam Bay of southwestern Korea. The study area was divided seasonally into two or three station groups (estuarine, mixed, and coastal) by a cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling based on copepod abundance. Acartia forticrusa, A. hudsonica, A. ohtsukai, Paracalanus parvus s. l. , Pseudodiaptomus marinus, Tortanus derjugini, T. dextrilobatus, T. forcipatus, Oithona spp. , and harpacticoids were important species for grouping the stations. The spatiotemporal distribution of the first two species was restricted to the estuarine area in summer and significantly correlated with temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a concentration. The distribution of other brackish species, such as T. derjugini and T. dextrilobatus, significantly correlated with temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a concentration. In contrast, A. hudsonica significantly correlated with dinoflagellate density and turbidity in winter, in addition to the abovementioned environmental factors. Acartia hudsonica also maintained a large population in the estuarine area in fall and winter, and its distribution extended across the entire bay in spring. Other coastal species occurred in all areas and did not significantly correlate with environmental factors. Therefore, brackish species in the study area may have developed seasonally different behaviors to sustain their populations.
Comprehensive Expression and Prognosis Analyses of ITGB1 in AML

BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a dangerous type of leukemia. The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and recurrence limits the prognosis and survival of patients. In recent studies, we have known that the bone marrow microenvironment was closely related to the poor prognosis of AML. However, the underlying mechanisms are still far from fully understood. By utilizing the bioinformatics analysis, we screened out integrin β1 (ITGB1) as the hub gene, which is associated with the bone marrow microenvironment mediated changes of AML cells, with expression profile GSE73157 downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology Information-Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database.MethodsR studio software was used to screen out candidate hub genes and further visualize the differential expression. R package “limma” was to find out differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were conducted by R package “cluster Profiler”. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also performed by online tool STRING and software Cytoscape. Last but not least, online tool PrognoScan and GEPIA was utilized for the evaluation of clinical significance of the selected hub gene. P and Cox p value <0.05 was considered to be statistical significance.ResultsITGB1 was filtrated as the only hub gene in this profile. We found that patients with high expression of ITGB1 had significantly longer overall survival (OS) than those with low expression (COX p value= 0.016730). Besides, the expression of the ITGB1 gene in AML patients is lower than that in normal people significantly (p value<0.01). ConclusionWe identified ITGB1 as a key gene in the bone marrow microenvironment mediated poor prognosis in AML. The down-regulated expression of ITGB1 was related to AML patients’ poor outcome. ITGB1 may be a potential marker for predicting and guiding AML treatment.
Stereomeric effects of bisPC 71 BM on polymer solar cell performance

Two stereomers of bisadduct analogues of (6, 6)-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (bisPC71BM) were synthesized and their geometrical structures with cis -o r trans-configuration were identified by X-ray crystallogra- phy. Although both of the bisPC71BM have similar spec- trometric and electrochemical properties, the spatial orientation of the two addition groups on C70 has impact on crystal packing and molecular assembly of bisPC71BM isomers and, in turn, photovoltaic performance in polymer solar cell based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) (with power conversion efficiency of 1.72 % and 1.84 % for the solar cells involving cis- and trans-bisPC71BM, respec- tively). Although the power conversion efficiency remains to be improved, this work exemplifies that the photovoltaic properties of fullerene-based electron acceptors are influenced by aggregation of the stereomeric molecules and thus extends the guidelines for rational design of efficient fullerene acceptor.
Reinforcement Learning with Self-Attention Networks for Cryptocurrency Trading

This work presents an application of self-attention networks for cryptocurrency trading. Cryptocurrencies are extremely volatile and unpredictable. Thus, cryptocurrency trading is challenging and involves higher risks than trading traditional financial assets such as stocks. To overcome the aforementioned problems, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach for cryptocurrency trading. The proposed trading system contains a self-attention network trained using an actor-critic DRL algorithm. Cryptocurrency markets contain hundreds of assets, allowing greater investment diversification, which can be accomplished if all the assets are analyzed against one another. Self-attention networks are suitable for dealing with the problem because the attention mechanism can process long sequences of data and focus on the most relevant parts of the inputs. Transaction fees are also considered in formulating the studied problem. Systems that perform trades in high frequencies cannot overlook this issue, since, after many trades, small fees can add up to significant expenses. To validate the proposed approach, a DRL environment is built using data from an important cryptocurrency market. We test our method against a state-of-the-art baseline in two different experiments. The experimental results show the proposed approach can obtain higher daily profits and has several advantages over existing methods.
Differential Impact of COVID-19 by Occupation: Survey Findings From Indian Punjab

This paper analyzes the differential impact of COVID-19 by occupation in Mansa, Punjab, India. Propensity score matching is used to analyze the difference in income recovery rates of permissible and restricted occupations based on restrictions in the initial period of the lockdown. Analysis of income of 55 randomly selected households shows that the restricted occupations lagged in their recovery rate after six months of lockdown.