Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CP_ABSC: An attribute-based signcryption scheme to secure multicast communications in smart grids

In this paper, we present a signcryption scheme called CP_ABSC based on Ciphertext-Policy Attribute Based Encryption (CP_ABE) [ 7 ] to secure the multicast communications in smart grids that require access control, data encryption, and authentication to ensure message integrity and confidentiality. CP_ABSC provides algorithms for key management, signcryption, and designcryption. It can be used to signcrypt a message based on the access rights specified by the message itself. A user can designcrypt a ciphertext if and only if it possesses the attributes required by the access structure of the data. Thus CP_ABSC effectively defines a multicast group based on the access rights of the data specified by the data itself, which differs significantly from the traditional Internet based multicast where the destination group is predetermined and must be known by the data source. CP_ABSC provides collusion attack resistance, message authentication, forgery prevention, and confidentiality. It can be easily applied in smart grids to secure the instructions/commands broadcast from a utility company to multiple smart meters (push-based multicast) and the data retrieved from a smart meter to multiple destinations (pull-based multicast). Compared to CP_ABE, CP_ABSC combines encryption with signature at a lower computational cost for signcryption and a slightly higher cost in designcryption for signature verification. We also consider the adoption of attribute-based signature (ABS), and conclude that CP_ABSC has a much lower computational cost than ABS.
A droplet microfluidic-based sensor for simultaneous in situ monitoring of nitrate and nitrite in natural waters.

Microfluidic-based chemical sensors take laboratory analytical protocols and miniaturise them into field-deployable systems for in situ monitoring of water chemistry. Here we present a prototype nitrate/nitrite sensor based on droplet microfluidics that in contrast to standard (continuous phase) microfluidic sensors, treats water samples as discrete droplets contained within a flow of oil. The new sensor device can quantify the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite within each droplet and provides high measurement frequency and low fluid consumption. Reagent consumption is at a rate of 2.8 ml/day when measuring every ten seconds, orders of magnitude more efficient than the current state of the art. The sensor's capabilities were demonstrated during a three-week deployment in a tidal river. The accurate and high frequency data (6 % error relative to spot samples, measuring at 0.1 Hz) elucidated the influence of tidal variation, rain events, diurnal effects, and anthropogenic input on concentrations at the deployment site. This droplet microfluidic-based sensor is suitable for a wide range of applications such as monitoring of rivers, lakes, coastal waters, and industrial effluents.
Barriers and facilitators experienced by patients, carers and healthcare professionals when managing symptoms in infants, children and young people at end-of-life: a mixed methods systematic review protocol

Introduction This protocol describes the objective and methods of a systematic review of barriers and facilitators experienced by patients, carers and healthcare professionals when managing symptoms in infants, children and young people (ICYP) at end-of-life. Methods and analysis The Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database, Evidence Search and OpenGrey will be electronically searched. Reference screening of relevant articles and inquiries to researchers in the field will be undertaken. Studies will be selected if they apply qualitative, quantitative or mixed-methods designs to explore barriers and facilitators experienced by patients, carers and healthcare professionals when managing symptoms in ICYP at end-of-life. Articles will be screened by title and abstract by one reviewer with a second reviewer assessing 10% of the articles. Both reviewers will read and screen all remaining potentially relevant articles. For included articles, one reviewer will extract study characteristics and one will check this. Both reviewers will undertake independent quality assessments of included studies using established and appropriate checklists including The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist; The evaluative criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability; The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, and The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data synthesis methods will be decided after data extraction and assessment. Ethics and dissemination This review will inform our understanding of symptom management in ICYP at end-of-life. The findings will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. The study raises no ethical issues. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019124797
Robust and Universal SERS Sensing Platform for Multiplexed Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Core Biomarkers Using PAapt-AuNPs Conjugates.

Multiplexed detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) core biomarkers is great significance to early diagnosis and personalized treatment of AD patients. Herein, we construct a robust and convenient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensing platform for simultaneous detection of Aβ(1-42) oligomers and Tau protein using different Raman dyes-coded polyA aptamer-AuNPs (PAapt-AuNPs) conjugates. This strategy relies on the specific protein-aptamer binding-mediated aggregation of AuNPs and concomitant plasmonic coupling effect that allow to "turn on" SERS detection of protein biomarkers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that PAapt-AuNPs conjugates is used for probing protein biomarkers, which may be enlightening to the exploitation of more extensive biological applications of aptamer-AuNPs conjugates. The results reveal the present strategy displays excellent analytical performance. Moreover, the applicability of this strategy is demonstrated in the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples with satisfactory results. Except for the prominent sensitivity and practicality, our strategy offers additional advantages. The preparation of nanoconjugates is handy and easily repeated, and the synthesis cost is greatly reduced that dispense with the complicated labeling process. Moreover, the assay can be accomplished in 15 min, allowing to rapid detection of protein biomarkers. Furthermore, simultaneous detection of Tau protein and Aβ(1-42) oligomers is realized by employing different Raman dyes-coded nanoconjugates, which is valuable for accurately predicting and diagnosing AD disease. Thus, our PAapt-AuNPs conjugates-based multiplexed SERS strategy indeed creates an useful and universal platform for detecting multiple protein biomarkers and related clinical diagnosis.
Aversiveness and Meaningfulness of Uncomfortable Experiences with Edible Cannabis

ABSTRACT Cannabis remains the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States. As its legal status has changed, more people have turned to oral administration (“edibles”). 172 individuals who reported an uncomfortable experience with edible cannabis completed an online survey. Despite the aversive nature of the experience, 62.9% of the sample reported that the edible experience was at least somewhat meaningful and the majority of participants (95.2%) did not report any medical problems. The most common non-medical problem reported was going to bed early or lying down (75.8%). Most participants (69.2%) reported that dose was the key contributor to their negative experience. Participants who rated the experience as more aversive were less likely to use edibles again, r (167) = − . 180, p < . 05. In addition, the duration of the aversive experience correlated positively with aversiveness rating, r (167) = . 244, p < . 05. With increased legalization of cannabis, edible use may rise. Dose seems to be associated with uncomfortable experiences with edible cannabis. Notwithstanding these uncomfortable experiences, the vast majority of the sample used cannabis edibles again, reported that the experience was at least somewhat meaningful, and did not report significant problems associated with the experience.
Shooting a High Density Electroencephalographic Picture on Sleep in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

OBJECTIVES Sleep related Slow Wave Activity (SWA) has been recognised as a marker of synaptic plasticity. In children affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), SWA is mainly located in the central rather than frontal regions, reflecting a maturational delay. A detailed subjective and objective sleep investigation, including a full night video-polysomnography (PSG-HD-EEG), was performed on thirty consecutive drug naïve outpatients with a diagnosis of ADHD. They received a diagnosis of sleep disorders in 29/30 cases, and most of them had a past history of sleep problems. They had a higher apnoea-hypopnoea index at PSG, and slept less than nine hours at actigraphy. We aimed to describe the SWA behaviour in the same group of children with ADHD. Material and Methods: The full-night PSG-HD EEG of children with ADHD, was compared with the one of 25 healthy controls. The scalp SWA mapping, the decrease of SWA during the night and the EEG source of SWA were analysed. RESULTS At scalp topography, the focus of SWA was observed over the centro-parietal-occipital regions in ADHD subjects (p<0.01), which remained significant in the subgroups divided between subgroups according to the sleep diagnosis (p<0.01). The physiological decrease in SWA was more evident in control subjects. The source analysis revealed a greater delta power over the posterior cingulate in ADHD subjects (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm static and dynamic changes in SWA behaviour in children with ADHD, which may reflect a maturational delay occurring at a vulnerable age, as a consequence of chronic sleep deprivation.
The Performance of an Integrated Transformer in a DC/DC Converter

The separation between the low-voltage part and high-voltage part of the converter is formed by a transformer that transfers power while jamming the DC ring. The resonant mode power oscillator is utilized to allow elevated competence power transfer. The on-chip transformer is probable to have elevated value inductance, elevated quality factors and elevated coupling coefficient to decrease the loss in the oscillation. The performance of a transformer is extremely dependent on the structure, topology and other essential structures that create it compatible with the integrated circuits IC process such as patterned ground shield (PGS). Different types of transformers are modeled and simulated in MATLAB; the performances are compared to select the optimum design. The on-chip transformer model is simulated and the Results of MATLAB simulation are exposed, showing an excellent agreement in radio frequency RF.
Attentional bias to fearful faces in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their first-degree relatives show differences from neurotypical individuals in emotional face processing. Prospective studies of infant siblings of children with ASD, a group at high risk for autism (HRA), allow researchers to examine the early emergence of these differences. This study used eye tracking to examine disengagement of attention from emotional faces (fearful, happy, neutral) at 6, 9, and 12 months in low-risk control infants (LRC) and HRA infants who received a subsequent clinical judgment of ASD (HRA+) or non-ASD (HRA-). Infants saw centrally presented faces followed by a peripheral distractor (with face remaining present). For each emotion, latency to shift to the distractor and percentage of trials with no shift were calculated. Results showed increased saccadic latency and a greater percentage of no-shift trials for fearful faces. No between-group differences were present for emotion; however, there was an interaction between age and group for disengagement latency, with HRA+ infants slower to shift at 12 months compared with the other 2 groups. With HRA+ infants slower to shift at 12 months compared with the other groups. Exploratory correlational analyses looking at shift biases to fearful faces alongside measures of social behavior at 12 and 18 months (from the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales) revealed that for HRA+ infants, 9- and 12-month fear biases were significantly related to 12- and 18-month social abilities, respectively. This work suggests that both low- and high-risk infants show biases to threat-relevant faces, and that for HRA+, differences in attention shifting emerge with age, and a stronger fear bias could potentially relate to less social difficulty. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Robust adaptive output‐feedback control for nonlinear systems with output unmodeled dynamics

In this paper, for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of inverse dynamics, output unmodeled dynamics and nonlinear uncertainties, a robust adaptive output‐feedback controller design is proposed by combining small‐gain theorem, changing supply function techniques with backstepping methods. It is shown that all the signals of the closed‐loop system are uniformly bounded in biased case, and the output can be regulated to a small neighborhood of the origin in unbiased case. Furthermore, under some additional assumptions, an asymptotical result is obtained. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS

We present a novel way to monitor and analyze the time course of adversarial networks through a simulation tool and supporting mathematical analysis. Recent work on social networks has been used in the analysis of adversarial networks and their underlying structure with hopes of detecting and preventing future activity. In this paper we consider an adversarial network to be a network subgroup that works against the interests of the group studying it. ANA, the software package presented here, can portray the structure of such networks and allow analysts to find patterns and key players in the network while watching the network evolve. Finally, this work uses output from ANA to study how a simulated adversarial scenario grows in structure and compares it to more traditional social networks on standard measures and also analyze the changes over time of this network on those same dimensions.
A genome‐wide screen identifies IRF2 as a key regulator of caspase‐4 in human cells

Caspase‐4, the cytosolic LPS sensor, and gasdermin D, its downstream effector, constitute the non‐canonical inflammasome, which drives inflammatory responses during Gram‐negative bacterial infections. It remains unclear whether other proteins regulate cytosolic LPS sensing, particularly in human cells. Here, we conduct a genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen in a human monocyte cell line to identify genes controlling cytosolic LPS‐mediated pyroptosis. We find that the transcription factor, IRF2, is required for pyroptosis following cytosolic LPS delivery and functions by directly regulating caspase‐4 levels in human monocytes and iPSC‐derived monocytes. CASP4, GSDMD, and IRF2 are the only genes identified with high significance in this screen highlighting the simplicity of the non‐canonical inflammasome. Upon IFN‐γ priming, IRF1 induction compensates IRF2 deficiency, leading to robust caspase‐4 expression. Deficiency in IRF2 results in dampened inflammasome responses upon infection with Gram‐negative bacteria. This study emphasizes the central role of IRF family members as specific regulators of the non‐canonical inflammasome.
Canadians Who Care: Social Networks and Informal Caregiving Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Older Adults in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Canada is experiencing population aging and evidence on the provision of care is based on data collected from majority populations. This analysis compared social networks and patterns of care provision between heterosexual and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) Canadians between the age of 45 and 85 years. Data were drawn from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), a large national study of health and aging. The results from analysis of baseline data showed that LGB participants were less likely to have children and reported seeing their friends more recently than heterosexual participants. Gay and bisexual men were more likely to provide care support in comparison to heterosexual men. LGB participants were more likely to provide care to friends. The results highlight the importance of considering distinct social networks in the development of policy and practice approaches to support a diverse aging population.
Relating diffusion tensor imaging measurements to microstructural quantities in the cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis

To investigate whether the observed anisotropic diffusion in cerebral cortex may reflect its columnar cytoarchitecture and myeloarchitecture, as a potential biomarker for disease‐related changes, we compared postmortem diffusion magnetic resonance imaging scans of nine multiple sclerosis brains with histology measures from the same regions. Histology measurements assessed the cortical minicolumnar structure based on cell bodies and associated axon bundles in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Area 9), Heschl's gyrus (Area 41), and primary visual cortex (V1). Diffusivity measures included mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy of the cortex, and three specific measures that may relate to the radial minicolumn structure: the angle of the principal diffusion direction in the cortex, the component that was perpendicular to the radial direction, and the component that was parallel to the radial direction. The cellular minicolumn microcircuit features were correlated with diffusion angle in Areas 9 and 41, and the axon bundle features were correlated with angle in Area 9 and to the parallel component in V1 cortex. This may reflect the effect of minicolumn microcircuit organisation on diffusion in the cortex, due to the number of coherently arranged membranes and myelinated structures. Several of the cortical diffusion measures showed group differences between MS brains and control brains. Differences between brain regions were also found in histology and diffusivity measurements consistent with established regional variation in cytoarchitecture and myeloarchitecture. Therefore, these novel measures may provide a surrogate of cortical organisation as a potential biomarker, which is particularly relevant for detecting regional changes in neurological disorders.
Block-Copolymer Assisted Synthesis of All Inorganic Highly Porous Heterostructures with Highly Accessible Thermally Stable Functional Centers.

Here we propose a simple approach for the design of highly porous multicomponent heterostructures by infiltration of block copolymer templates with inorganic precursors in swelling solvents followed by gas phase sequential infiltration synthesis and thermal annealing. This approach can prepare conformal coatings, freestanding membranes, and powders consisting of uniformly-sized metal or metal oxide nanoparticles well-dispersed in a porous oxide matrix. We employed this new, versatile synthetic concept to synthesize catalytically-active heterostructures of uniformly dispersed ~4.3 nm PdO nanoparticles accessible through three-dimensional pore networks of the alumina support. Importantly, such materials reveal high resistance against sintering at 800 °C, even at relatively high loadings of NPs (~10 wt%). At the same time, such heterostructures enable high mass transport due to highly interconnected nature of the pores. The surface of synthesized nanoparticles in the porous matrix is highly-accessible which enables their good catalytic performance in methane and carbon monoxide oxidation. In addition, we demonstrate that this approach can be utilized to synthesize heterostructures consisting of different types of NPs on a highly porous support. Our results show that swelling-based infiltration provides a promising route toward robust and scalable synthesis of multicomponent structures.
I becomes we, but where is me? The unity-division paradox when caring for a relative with dementia: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND The number of older people living with dementia is increasing. Admiral Nurses work with these individuals and their families in the UK to manage challenges associated with the condition, providing guidance, advice and reassurance, alongside practical solutions. AIM To explore the input of Admiral Nurses as part of people's journey to becoming and being a carer for someone with dementia. DESIGN A qualitative study was conducted to describe and understand how Admiral Nurses are experienced and encountered by carers as part of their narrative around supporting a relative with dementia. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 carers between November 2017-April 2018. They lasted between 45 and 90 min. Thematic analysis was used to interpret data. FINDINGS An overarching concept of "the unity-division paradox" was derived from the data. This highlights the complex interchange between the carer with (a) the person with dementia, (b) other individuals and (c) external services. Such interactions can make carers feel part of a larger network (unity) but also as if they are on their own, fighting on behalf of the person with dementia (division). This concept was underpinned by the following themes: (a) I becomes we; (b) My private world is encroached by dementia; (c) I'm left navigating an unwieldy system; (d) Are you with or against us? ; and (e) Recreating boundaries to rediscover me. CONCLUSION The identity and unique characteristics and interests of those caring for a person with dementia may be lost as they encounter tensions associated with the unity-division paradox. Admiral Nurses can help carers feel less alone in managing internal and external struggles by supporting them to do their best for a loved one with dementia. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Understanding carers' experience and supporting their work may help to increase and sustain their capacity to provide care.