Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ensemble model estimates of the global burden of measles morbidity and mortality from 2000 to 2019: a modeling study

Background: Measles remains a significant source of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two doses of measles containing vaccine are recommended for all children and delivered through a combination of routine and supplemental immunization activities. Uncertainty about the degree to which second dose opportunities reach previously unvaccinated children presents a challenge in the assessment of vaccination programs and the estimation of the global burden of measles disease and mortality. Methods: We fit an ensemble of models that represent alternative assumptions about the degree to which second dose opportunities reach previously unvaccinated children to routine measles surveillance from 100 countries. Using maximum likelihood we selected the best fit model for each country. We compare the resulting estimates of the burden of measles disease and mortality to existing methods for estimating the burden of measles that assume that second dose opportunities are independent of receipt of the first dose. Findings: We find that 78 of 100 countries are best-fit by a model that assumes that second doses that are delivered through supplemental campaigns are preferentially delivered to children who have received a first dose. Using a country-specific best-fit model we estimate that measles mortality has declined by 73% from 2000-2019 compared to an estimated decline of 83% using an assumption of independent doses in all countries. Interpretation: Despite large decreases in measles cases over the last two decades, the observed trajectories in most countries suggest that supplemental immunization activities are disproportionately reaching previously vaccinated children. To accelerate measles reduction goals efforts to reach unvaccinated children through supplemental activities and second dose opportunities should be intensified. Funding: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, World Health Organization
The Dynamic of Intimacy in Prostitution

The study of prostitution in Indonesia is dominated by economic, legal, social and health studies. Psychological studies related to the dynamics of intimacy are still limited and mostly conducted in the context of sexual and reproductive health, namely the use of condoms. Intimacy in this article refers to closeness, attachment, and comfort that are psychologically important for prostitutes to manage in order to maintain a personal relationship with clients. The purpose of this article is to describe intimacy in the world of prostitution. Through literature studies and by limiting the study on female prostitutes, this article discusses the definition of prostitution, its history in Indonesia, the role of intimacy in prostitution, the boundaries of intimate relationships, and the link between intimacy and condom use. Two discourses, intimacy as part of sexual relations and intimacy as a form of embeddedness in an economic context are used to understand the boundary line between intimacy as a commercial relationship and intimacy as a non-commercial relationship. This article is expected to contribute to the psychological, legal, and health aspects of prostitution.
CITYWIDE ESTIMATION OF PARKING SPACE USING AERIAL IMAGERY AND OSM DATA FUSION WITH DEEP LEARNING AND FINE-GRAINED ANNOTATION

Emerging traffic management technologies, smart parking applications, together with transport researchers and urban planners are interested in fine-grained data on parking space in cities. However, there are no standardized, complete and up-to-date databases for many urban areas. Moreover, manual data collection is expensive and time-consuming. Aerial imagery of entire cities can be used to inventory not only publicly accessible and dedicated parking lots, but also roadside parking areas and those on private property. For a realistic estimation of the total parking space, the observed use of multi-functional traffic areas is taken into account by segmenting not only parking areas but also roads according to their purpose. In this paper, different U-Net based architectures are tested for detecting all these types of visible traffic areas. A new large-scale, high-quality dataset of manual annotations is used in combination with selected contextual information from OpenStreetMap (OSM) to depict the actual use as parking space. Our models achieve a good performance on parking area segmentation, and we show the significant impact of OSM data fusion in deep neural networks on the simultaneous extraction of multiple traffic areas compared to using aerial imagery alone.
FLAMSA vs BU-FLU in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Objective: Similar to other regimens, the specific role of fludarabine-amsacrinecytarabine (FLAMSA) regimen before allogeneic transplantation is still unclear. We compared the results of patients who received either the FLAMSA regimen or the busulfan-fludarabine (BuFlu) regimen prior to allogeneic transplantation. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent allogeneic transplantation and who administered reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens before transplantation were included in to the this study. Patients were divided into two groups (BuFlu and FLAMSA) according to the applied RIC regimens. Results: A total of 37 allogeneic transplant patients (13 FLAMSA, 24 BuFlu patients) were included in this study. The time between diagnosis and transplantation was shorter in the patients in the FLAMSA group compared to the patients in the BuFlu group (p<0.001). Although platelet engraftment time was shorter in the FLAMSA group than in the busulfan-fludarabine group (p=0.048), the neutrophil engraftment time and adverse events were similar in the two groups (all p>0.05). The estimated median disease-free survival of the patients in the FLAMSA group was 7.2 months, while it was 3.7 months in the busulfan-fludarabine group (p=0.778). Similarly, the estimated median overall survival of the patients in the FLAMSA group was 7.2 months, while 7 months in the BuFlu group (p=0.815). Conclusion: BuFlu and FLAMSA are two alternative conditioning regimen options that provide similar efficacy, toxicity profile and survival as regimens used in allogeneic transplantation. The FLAMSA regimen may be an alternative to Bu-Flu as a priming regimen for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Meta-analyzes should be performed to evaluate with more patients.
Low and contrasting impacts of vegetation CO2 fertilization on global terrestrial runoff over 1982–2010: accounting for aboveground and belowground vegetation–CO2 effects

Abstract. Elevation in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (eCO2) affects vegetation water use, with consequent impacts on terrestrial runoff (Q). However, the sign and magnitude of the eCO2 effect on Q are still contentious. This is partly due to eCO2-induced changes in vegetation water use having opposing responses at the leaf scale (i.e., water-saving effect caused by partially stomatal closure) and the canopy scale (i.e., water-consuming induced by foliage cover increase), leading to highly debated conclusions among existing studies. In addition, none of the existing studies explicitly account for eCO2-induced changes to plant rooting depth that is overwhelmingly found in experimental observations. Here we develop an analytical ecohydrological framework that includes the effects of eCO2 on plant leaf, canopy density, and rooting characteristics to attribute changes in Q and to detect the eCO2 signal on Q via vegetation feedbacks over 1982–2010. Globally, we detect a very small decrease of Q induced by eCO2 during 1982–2010 (−1.7 %). Locally, we find a small positive trend (p < 0.01) in the Q–eCO2 response along a resource availability (β) gradient. Specifically, the Q–eCO2 response is found to be negative (i.e., eCO2 reduces Q) in low-β regions (typically dry and/or cold) and gradually changes to a small positive response (i.e., eCO2 increases Q) in high-β areas (typically warm and humid). Our findings suggest a minor role of eCO2 on changes in global Q over 1982–2010, yet we highlight that a negative Q–eCO2 response in semiarid and arid regions may further reduce the limited water resource there.
Modified Usability Test Scenario: User Story Approach to Evaluate Data Visualization Dashboard

The data processing results are commonly displayed in a dashboard with various graphic visualization forms to deliver new knowledge easier to understand by users. However, many data analysis dashboards cannot communicate the knowledge effectively and efficiently given the unsuitable design implementation. Therefore, research to measure the interface display's effectiveness in the data analysis system is deemed necessary. This research proposed a scenario modification in the usability test with a user story approach to measuring the system interface display in delivering the information to users. The approach of a usability test with the user story is expected to be capable of helping the researcher in understanding the user habits indirectly. There were 20 participants to validate the proposed method. Participants were asked to use the system and answer several questions to develop their user experience. After developing user experience for each user, the System Usability Scale (SUS) was conducted. SUS score results obtained from this research was 75.25. Besides, the researcher also measured the understanding level among the users using questionnaires. The questionnaire results were converted into numbers and resulted in a mean value of 91.8. Those two values indicate the users' ability to use the system well and obtain the new knowledge displayed in the data analysis dashboard. Keywords—Usability Test, Dashboard Interface, Data Visualization, User Story.
Paralinguistic Speech Processing: An Overview

Clients can adequately control PCs and create reports by speaking with the guide of innovation, discourse acknowledgment empowers records to be delivered all the more effectively in light of the fact that the program normally produces words as fast as they expressed, which is typically a lot faster than a human can compose. Discourse acknowledgment is an innovation that consequently finds the words and expressions that best match the contribution of human discourse. The most normal use of discourse acknowledgment is correspondence, where discourse acknowledgment can be utilized to create letters/messages and different reports. Point of discourse handling: - to comprehend discourse as a mechanism of correspondence, to reflect discourse for transmission and propagation; - to inspect discourse for robotized data discovery and extraction-to find some physiological highlights of the speaker. In discourse combination, there are two significant capacities. The first is the interpretation of voice to message. The second is for the content to be converted into human voice.
River runoff in Switzerland in a changing climate – changes in moderate extremes and their seasonality

Abstract. Future changes in river runoff will impact many sectors such as agriculture, energy production, or ecosystems. Here, we study changes in the seasonality, frequency, and magnitude of moderate low and high flows and their time of emergence. The time of emergence indicates the timing of significant changes in the flow magnitudes. Daily runoff is simulated for 93 Swiss catchments for the period 1981–2099 under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 with 20 climate model chains from the most recent transient Swiss Climate Change Scenarios. In the present climate, annual low flows typically occur in the summer half-year in lower-lying catchments (<1500 m a.s.l.) and in the winter half-year in Alpine catchments (>1500 m a.s.l.). By the end of the 21st century, annual low flows are projected to occur in late summer and early autumn in most catchments. This indicates that decreasing precipitation and increasing evapotranspiration in summer and autumn exceed the water contributions from other processes such as snowmelt and glacier melt. In lower-lying catchments, the frequency of annual low flows increases, but their magnitude decreases and becomes more severe. In Alpine catchments, annual low flows occur less often and their magnitude increases. The magnitude of seasonal low flows is projected to decrease in the summer half-year in most catchments and to increase in the winter half-year in Alpine catchments. Early time of emergence is found for annual low flows in Alpine catchments in the 21st century due to early changes in low flows in the winter half-year. In lower-lying catchments, significant changes in low flows emerge later in the century. Annual high flows occur today in lower-lying catchments in the winter half-year and in Alpine catchments in the summer half-year. Climate change will change this seasonality mainly in Alpine catchments with a shift towards earlier seasonality in summer due to the reduced contribution of snowmelt and glacier melt in summer. Annual high flows tend to occur more frequent, and their magnitude increases in most catchments except some Alpine catchments. The magnitude of seasonal high flows in most catchments is projected to increase in the winter half-year and to decrease in the summer half-year. However, the climate model agreement on the sign of change in moderate high flows is weak.
AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF TWO TOMATO CULTIVARS (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) CV. SANDRA AND ROCKY

An efficient protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of tomato cultivars Sandra and Rocky was conducted to examine the possibility of producing transgenic tomato plants cultivars harbouring the nptII gene, conferring kanamycin resistance. To achieve this aim, tomato cotyledon explants were transformed using EHA105 Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harboring the binary vectors pBI121 which contains Gus gene, and neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) as selectable marker gene under the control of a CaMV35S promoter and nopaline synthase (nos) Terminator. Transformant detection was carried out in three distinct ways. First antibiotic selection, Kanamycin at a concentration of100 mgl -1 found to be efficient for this purpose. Second histochemical GUS assay revealed the presence of blue colored zones in a number of shoots and leaves for both in vitro and the greenhouse-grown transgenic plants. Third PCR analysis indicated positive result by showing the fragment for nptII gene in tested transformants, while was absent in non-transgenic control (wild type). On the other hand, the results showed that Sandra cultivar was more efficient for regeneration and subsequently transformation frequency than Rocky cultivar, which record 26.66% of transformation frequency compared with 11.57% in Rocky cultivar.
Interpretation of 1D-Resistivity Data to Describe the Aquifer Model in the Serayu Watershed Area of Somagede Village, Somagede District, Banyumas Regency

Acquisition of resistivity data using the Schlumberger configuration has been carried out in the Serayu watershed area of Somagede Village, Somagede District, Banyumas Regency. The purpose of this research was to describe a groundwater aquifer model based on the interpretation of 1D-resistivity data. The research results are resistivity logs of subsurface rock distributed over seven sounding points with resistivity values ? ranging from 2.24-192.78 m. The sounding points are located at positions of 7°31'28.55? and 109°19'8.65? (Sch-1) to 7°31'18.79? and 109°19'21.45? (Sch-7). The interpretation of the resistivity logs has resulted in a lithology log at each sounding point. Based on the interpretation, the lithology of the research area is composed of topsoil (42.85-85.13 m), sandy clay which partly slightly wet (7.08-17.18m), sandy clay inserted with gravel (22.44-31.70 m), sand, gravel, and pebble, with various consolidated (22.16-192.78m), sand inserted by gravel (6.77m), alternating sandstone and claystone, some of which are alternated with marl and tuff (8.71-21.99m), and sandstones with various porosity (3.25-8.76m). Shallow aquifers are interpreted to exist in sand inserted by gravel layer (13.23-27.67 m) at the sounding point of Sch-2 where the potential is quite good. While deep aquifers are estimated to be present in the sandstone layer with various porosity (> 46.67 m) at all sounding points with very good potential.
PIECEWISE ANOMALY DETECTION USING MINIMAL LEARNING MACHINE FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES

Hyperspectral imaging, with its applications, offers promising tools for remote sensing and Earth observation. Recent development has increased the quality of the sensors. At the same time, the prices of the sensors are lowering. Anomaly detection is one of the popular remote sensing applications, which benefits from real-time solutions. A real-time solution has its limitations, for example, due to a large amount of hyperspectral data, platform’s (drones or a cube satellite) constraints on payload and processing capability. Other examples are the limitations of available energy and the complexity of the machine learning models. When anomalies are detected in real-time from the hyperspectral images, one crucial factor is to utilise a computationally efficient method. The Minimal Learning Machine is a distance-based classification algorithm, which can be modified for anomaly detection. Earlier studies confirms that the Minimal learning Machine (MLM) is capable of detecting efficiently global anomalies from the hyperspectral images with a false alarm rate of zero. In this study, we will show that by using a carefully selected lower threshold besides the higher threshold of the variance, it is possible to detect local and global anomalies with the MLM. The downside is that the improved method is highly sensitive with the respect to the noise. Thus, the second aim of this study is to improve the MLM’s robustness with respect to noise by introducing a novel approach, the piecewise MLM. With the new approach, the piecewise MLM can detect global and local anomalies, and the method is significantly more robust with respect to noise than the MLM. As a result, we have an interesting, easy to implement and computationally light method which is suitable for remote sensing applications.
Prevalence of Football Injuries in Egyptian Children and Adolescents and its Correlation To Anthropometric Parameters

Published online: Jun 2021 Abstract Purpose the study aims to survey the prevalence and incidence of football injuries at the age group from (10-15) years old to correlate the injuries to anthropometric measurements as body and the height and correlate injuries to the player's position in the field. Methods 100 players were randomly selected their history of injuries and their positions were recorded and 12 measurements (weight, height, sitting height, lower extremity length, thigh length, arm length, head, waist, upper arm, thigh and calf circumferences and BMI were calculated. Results 23% players had been injured for only one injury within the recorded two seasons, 12% players and 5% players had been injured for two times and three times, respectively. with incidence 32% and prevalence 21%. Spearman’s rho correlation was tested between the player position and injury both recent and previous. A moderate positive correlation (0.3-0.7) was found between the player position and both total and recent injuries with no significant correlation between the player position and their previous injuries. No significant correlation between the anthropometric measurements and injuries. Conclusion players at (10-15) years old are highly suspected for injuries especially fractures, most of those injuries are contact injuries which occurs during the match. Anthropometric measurements cannot be used to predict the incidence of injuries. Defenders were the highly suspected for injuries.
Effect of 3D-printing parameters on the tensile strength of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer

In this research, the tensile strength behaviour of 3D-printed ABS polymer was studied. In particular, the following printing parameters were investigated i.e. angle orientation of 0°, 30° and 45°, layer thickness of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm and 0.4 mm, and printing speeds of 60 mm/s, 40 mm/s and 20 mm/s. The samples were subjected to tensile loading in order to determine the stress-strain curve, UTS and the elastic modulus. The results indicated that the speed has no major impact on the strength of the 3D-printed samples. On the other hand, the 0.4 mm layer thickness gave the highest stiffness, whereas the angle orientation of 45° gave the highest tensile strength. However, the combination of 3D parameters that resulted in the overall best results was determined as 0.4 mm layer thickness with an angle orientation of 30°.
Antibiofouling Activity of Graphene Materials and Graphene-Based Antimicrobial Coatings

Microbial adhesion and biofilm formation is a common, nondesirable phenomenon at any living or nonliving material surface in contact with microbial species. Despite the enormous efforts made so far, the protection of material surfaces against microbial adhesion and biofilm formation remains a significant challenge. Deposition of antimicrobial coatings is one approach to mitigate the problem. Examples of such are those based on heparin, cationic polymers, antimicrobial peptides, drug-delivering systems, and other coatings, each one with its advantages and shortcomings. The increasing microbial resistance to the conventional antimicrobial treatments leads to an increasing necessity for new antimicrobial agents, among which is a variety of carbon nanomaterials. The current review paper presents the last 5 years’ progress in the development of graphene antimicrobial materials and graphene-based antimicrobial coatings that are among the most studied. Brief information about the significance of the biofouling, as well as the general mode of development and composition of microbial biofilms, are included. Preparation, antibacterial activity, and bactericidal mechanisms of new graphene materials, deposition techniques, characterization, and parameters influencing the biological activity of graphene-based coatings are focused upon. It is expected that this review will raise some ideas for perfecting the composition, structure, antimicrobial activity, and deposition techniques of graphene materials and coatings in order to provide better antimicrobial protection of medical devices.
Single-Center Clinical Analysis of Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Injuries: A Retrospective Observational Study

http://www.jtraumainj. org eISSN 2287-1683 pISSN 1738-8767 Copyright © 2021 The Korean Society of Traumatology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Single-Center Clinical analysis of Traumatic Thoracic aortic Injuries: a retrospective observational Study