Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Comparison of DBD Plasma Acuators for Low Reynolds Number Separation Control

This paper presents experimental work comparing several Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator configurations for low Reynolds number separation control. Actuators studied here are being investigated for use in a closed loop separation control system. The plasma actuators were fabricated in the U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory Propulsion Directorate’s thin film laboratory and applied to a low Reynolds number airfoil that exhibits similar suction surface behavior to those observed on Low Pressure (LP) Turbine blades. In addition to typical asymmetric arrangements producing downstream jets, one electrode configurations was designed to produce an array of off axis jets, and one produced a spanwise array of linear vertical jets in order to generate vorticity and improved boundary layer to freestream mixing. The actuators were installed on an airfoil and their performance compared by flow visualization, surface stress sensitive film (S3F), and drag measurements. The experimental data provides a clear picture of the potential utility of each design. Experiments were carried out at four Reynolds numbers, 1.4×105 , 1.0 × 105 , 6.0 × 104 , and 5.0 × 104 at a −1.54° angle of attack. Data was taken at the AFRL Propulsion Directorate’s Low Speed Wind Tunnel (LSWT) facility.
Evaluating Stochastic Flexibility Model of Vehicle Charge Stations in Distribution Network

The number of electric vehicles (EVs) and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) increase rapidly in recent years. A large number of EVs have great potential to provide power flexibility. This is because the EVs usually continue connecting with EVSE after get fully charged. If the arrival and departure times of EVs can be estimated, the flexibility of EVs charging can be utilized. In this paper, the random factors are taken into consideration to evaluate the stochastic flexibility model of EVSE. A time-variable battery model is used to describe power flexibility. The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and chance constraint method are proposed to describe the uncertainties quantitatively. The results of the numerical tests demonstrate the evaluation process and show the economic value.
A Scheduling Strategy of Vehicle-2-Grid based on Stackelberg Gaming Model

This paper proposes a V2G scheduling strategy based on Stackelberg gaming model. It is assumed that the power grid operator controls a battery storage system to provide auxiliary services to reduce the operation costs, while the PEV aggregator pursues minimal charging costs through cooperative game theory. Thus a Stackelberg gaming model is established with real-time electricity price, as the PEV aggregator has to determine the optimal strategies according to the strategies formulated by the grid operators, where the grid operator, as the leader, has the priority to the charging and discharging of the battery storage system, and the PEV aggregator, as the follower, wants to reduce the total charging costs as much as possible under the strategies of the grid operator. Based on the proposed Stackelberg gaming model, this paper discusses the optimal strategies of the grid operator and the PEV aggregator under Stackelberg Equilibrium through Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. Finally, a series of simulation experimental results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed model.
A computationally less expensive fault detection technique in VSC-HVDC system using wavelet decomposition and support vector machine classifier

The VSC-based HVDC system has gained more popularity due to the advancement in the high power carrying capability of the semiconductor switches. Despite the numerous advantages, the protection scheme faces the challenge to isolate the internal fault within 5 to 6ms. Moreover, the algorithm also deactivates the relay, to operate during the disturbances and external fault. This paper proposes a protection scheme utilizing Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Several types of faults are created on the HVDC transmission lines using PSCAD/EMTDC. The current and voltage signals of the HVDC line are obtained and decomposed using DWT to obtain the detailed coefficients up to the third level. Features obtained from the detailed coefficients are further used for the training of SVM for the detection and classification of the fault. Since the proposed approach uses only the information from one end, it does not rely on communication. To avoid the high computational burden of the Wavelet transform, the protection scheme is designed in such a way that, it performs the DWT, only if the disturbance persists for five consecutive samples.
A rigid-body motion model of large raft isolation system

Large raft isolation system(LRIS) can be used to used improve isolation efficiency by mounting all the power installations on a common raft which is supported by isolators on the ship hull.Due to the complex structure of LRIS,the calculation work of its dynamic behavior is complicated and inefficient by using finite element method(FEM) which is usually adopted by designers.To simplify the design process,a six-degree-of-freedom rigid-body motion model is established to calculated the static,quasi-static and rigidbody mode behavior of system.The model is especially suitable to compare different design schemes and select out feasible ones efficiently at the initial design stage of LRIS.
Analysis of the Structure of the Road Networks: A Network Science Perspective

Studies on road networks have received extraordinary and overwhelming attention during the last few years as it is closely related to human life and city evolution. Current studies cover many aspects of a road network, for example, road feature extraction from video/image data, road map generalization, traffic simulation, optimization of optimal route finding problems, and traffic states prediction. However, little affords are given on the analysis of road networks as a graph. This study presents comparative studies on analyzing the Porto road network in terms of degree distributions, clustering coefficients, centrality measures, connected components, k-nearest neighbors, and shortest paths between three regions of Porto: Matosinhos, Paranhos, and Real. We also examined the community structures, page rank, and small-world analysis of the three regions to provide further insights into the network. The results demonstrate the information exchange efficiency of Matosinhos of 0.8, which is 10 and 12.8% higher than that of Real and Paranhos networks, respectively. Other findings are (1) road networks are highly reachable and densely connected (2) road networks are small-world with an average length of the shortest paths (between any two roads) of 12.8 (in case of the REAL road network), (3) the most important nodes of the network are ’Avenida da Boavista, 4100119 Porto (latitude: 41.157944, longitude: −8.629105)’ and ’Autoestrada do Norte, Porto (latitude: 41.1687869, longitude: −8.6400656)’ based on analysis of centrality measures.
A Local Search Algorithm for the Min-Sum Submodular Cover Problem

We consider the problem of solving the Min-Sum Submodular Cover problem using local search. The Min-Sum Submodular Cover problem generalizes the NP-complete Min-Sum Set Cover problem, replacing the input set cover instance with a monotone submodular set function. A simple greedy algorithm achieves an approximation factor of 4, which is tight unless P=NP [Streeter and Golovin, NeurIPS, 2008]. We complement the greedy algorithm with analysis of a local search algorithm. Building on work of Munagala et al. [ICDT, 2005], we show that, using simple initialization, a straightforward local search algorithm achieves a $(4+\epsilon)$-approximate solution in time $O(n^3\log(n/\epsilon))$, provided that the monotone submodular set function is also second-order supermodular. Second-order supermodularity has been shown to hold for a number of submodular functions of practical interest, including functions associated with set cover, matching, and facility location. We present experiments on two special cases of Min-Sum Submodular Cover and find that the local search algorithm can outperform the greedy algorithm on small data sets.
Towards Formalized Matrix Analysis and Algorithms

We discuss ongoing efforts to formalize a theory of matrices and related ideas from analysis. In particular, we outline some of the challenges and our solutions to these challenges that the community may find interesting. Some of these issues are a result of performing our formalization in a first-order logic. The motivation for this work is the verification of numerical linear algebra algorithms and programs, which are relevant to many areas of science, including artificial intelligence.
MECHANISM AND PRACTICE ON REINFORCING LOOSE BED LANDSLIDE WITH PRESTRESSED ANCHORING ROPE

Based on the test research and engineering practices on reinforcing the loose bed landslide with prestressed anchoring rope(anchor cable),the problems concerned with the stress response,anchoring force,exhaustion of prestress force and the group of anchoring ropes are explored.The practical engineering applications of reinforcing the landslide and the slope in rock fracture zone,slump mass and sandy gravel are also expounded in detail in this paper. (According to research and practice,the following mechanism on reinforcing loose bed landslide and slope are expounded.The regularity of transmission and response of stress is similar in loose bed and in rock bed.The anchoring force in anchoring section loose bed may be strong enough through expanding the aperture and grouting in twice times.Exhaustion of prestress force with compression creep of loose bed is limited and can be compensated.Effect of a group of anchoring rope is regular,as the interval of the rope is suitable. Under some conditions,the engineering of reinforcing landslide and slope in rock fracture zone,slump mass and sandy gravel is more cheap,high speed and safe with prestressed anchoring rope than anti slide pile.The Laoyayan landslide of the Baoji Chengdu railway is a example in which the reinforced loose bed was applied alone with prestressed anchoring rope.Using prestressed anchoring rope for reinforcing the excavation wall of sandy gravel in building of Bank of China is the first time in Chengdu city.The Badu landslide of Nanning Kunming railway in slump mass,a main reinforcing engineering in which the prestressed anchoring rope was applied,is a most big controlled landslide in railways.)
Environmental Pollution and Measurement of Gas Flaring

A flare is a combustion device that uses air or steam to burn associated, unwanted or excess gases and liquids released during production or by pressure relief valves during unplanned over-pressuring of plant equipment in many industrial operations, such as oil-gas extraction, refineries, chemical plants, coal industry and landfills. Several environmental problems caused by gas flaring such as air and noise pollution. In addition, flaring is a significant source of greenhouse gases emissions, contributing about 400 Mt-CO2 emissions worldwide. Reduction of the environmental pollution to prevent the greenhouse gases emissions by reduce or recover the flare gas, there is a pressing need to know the composition, distribution and volume of flares and how it has changed over space and time. This paper provides an overview about the following: gas flaring and its composition, and its relevant environmental impacts. It also describes the flaring measurement techniques in industry by studying: government legislation, flow meter challenges, measurement technologies and flow meter calibration.
PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT NETWORK, RWANDA

This report is part of a global study on promising Agriculture Human Capital Investment (AHCI) initiatives and presents evidence from a case study on Institutionalizing Farmer Field School (FFS) Investment: the Twigire Muhinzi National Extension System in Rwanda. This study adopted a qualitative approach in collecting and documenting the data. Secondary data were collected through a literature review of relevant documents to the case study and through consulting with key informants, including project managers from both the public and the private sectors directly involved with the implementation of Twigire Muhinzi. Primary data were collected through interviews with project managers, FFS facilitators and farmers participating in FFSs under the Twigire Muhinzi Extension system. A sample was taken representing districts in the four provinces, with four districts with the highest share of FFS groups selected in each province. The interviews were conducted by phone in August 2020, audio-recorded, transcribed manually and using NVIVO-QSR (Version 11) software and supplemented by handwritten notes. The key findings indicate that the types of human capital generated through the FFS approach under Twigire Muhinzi are the following: (i) technical skills (livestock nutrition and management and cropping systems); (ii) social skills (gender, women empowerment, market and value chains and collective action); (iii) functional skills (savings and credit and market analysis); and (iv) empowerment (critical thinking, experimentation, innovation, group or community empowerment and mindset change). The acquired technical skills include competencies in good agricultural practices (GAP), which enable farmers to improve their production and productivity as well as their general wellbeing and livelihood. With enhanced functional skills, farmers are in a better negotiating position for obtaining the desired selling price for their produce. In conclusion, the FFS approach showcases a situation where an extension approach can improve farmer skills, knowledge and empowerment and thus lead to enhanced adoption of relevant technologies and practices. In Rwanda, mainstreaming the FFS approach into the national extension system along with financial support from public–private partnerships contributed to its scaling up. Other key enabling factors included coordinated support and planning at both central and decentralized levels as well as support from development partners, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society. Under the FFS approach in Twigire Muhinzi, the number of farmers trained countrywide each season is constrained by available financing and is usually a small number as compared to the planned number. For any country or organization implementing the FFS approach, there is a need to consider putting in place strategies such as cost-sharing to ensure financial sustainability.
Study of Mental Illness in Rat Model of Sodium Azide Induced Oxidative Stress

Aim: Oxidative stress is known as Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation that is caused by reactive ROS and antioxidants imbalance that could be due to decreased antioxidant levels. Oxidative stress is often related to aging, Oxygen metabolism and redox imbalance in cells and tissues. It is a cellular state in which oxidants levels e.g. superoxide (O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or nitric oxide (NO) in biological metabolisms exceed the oxidants scavenging capacity of cells. Oxidative stress in brain leads to depression, anxiety, memory impairment and behavioral deficits associated with them. Method: 24 male albino wistar rats were allocated into test and controls groups administered with sodium azide (5 mg/kg bodyweight) (i.p.) and water (p.o.) respectively for 14 days. Behaviors were monitored weekly after 24 hours of sodium azide administration in light/dark box, elevated plus maze, Open field and Morris water maze. Results: Test animals that were administered with sodium azide significantly decreased entries and time spent in illuminated area of light dark box and elevated plus maze while increased latency and fewer square crossed were observed with decreased learning acquisition and memory retention. Conclusion: All the data collected and results analysis determine oxidative stress could cause mood disorders learning disabilities. Sodium azide induced oxidative stress produce behavioral deficits and memory impairment validated it as a neurotoxin.
The Overview on Models and Algorithms for Unit Commitment Problems

Unit commitment is an important component of power system optimal operation.Based on the summary of the traditional mathematical model and the classical solution method of unit commitment,the characteristics and significance of unit commitment model is analyzed in-depth by considering such factors as environmental,security,market,random factors and so on.Detailed review of the principles,researches and shortcomings of each approach,such as the intelligence method(such as priority method),mathematical programming method(such as branch and bound,dynamic programming),meta-heuristic method(such as genetic algorithms,particle swarm optimization) and other methods,is carried out in this paper.Then the characteristics of solving approaches that are proposed recently,such as integer identification,social evolution,neighborhood search and pattern search methods are introduced.In addition,the advantages and disadvantages of the existing mixed integer programming software GAMS and CPLEX are summarized.In the end,the future of unit commitment which is suitable for smart grid is investigated,and issues of unit commitment that need to be studied are given,which provides references to researchers of unit commitment.
Sport organizations: An investigation of digital technologies and their impact on performance in the Italian context

This paper aims to investigate the Italian football clubs outlining their orientation in adopting digital technologies at any level, primarily for improving their overall performance. In the last decades, we observe the increasing implementation and spread of digital technologies worldwide in any economic settings, including the sport industry, where especially in the football business, the digital technologies have been playing a crucial role in supporting managerial, work out and training processes and making them much more competitive and high performing. This study, through a comparative analysis of the Italian football clubs in the Serie A for the year 2021/2022, aims to provide a portrait of these sport organizations and their way to be much more technologically advanced adopting the digital technologies (accessible website; learning and training applications; match analysis tools, etc.). After a brief review of the literature on the topic, we investigate the Italian football clubs mapping them considering some specific main features (i.e. the degree of innovativeness of website, the adoption of e-training or match analysis solutions, etc.). Our qualitative research, through a multiple case study, should provide some possible stimulating and interesting insights for the future, analysing one specific country, where football industry represents the most relevant sport setting with high relevance in terms of volume of affairs, also significantly affected from the digital technologies making them “smart”.
Minimizing the Late Work of the Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with a Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Approach

In the field of industrial manufacturing, assembly line production is the most common production process that can be modeled as a permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSP). Minimizing the late work criteria (tasks remaining after due dates arrive) of production planning can effectively reduce production costs and allow for faster product delivery. In this article, a novel learning-based approach is proposed to minimize the late work of the PFSP using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and graph isomorphism network (GIN), which is an innovative combination of the field of combinatorial optimization and deep learning. The PFSPs are the well-known permutation flow shop problem and each job comes with a release date constraint. In this work, the PFSP is defined as a Markov decision process (MDP) that can be solved by reinforcement learning (RL). A complete graph is introduced for describing the PFSP instance. The proposed policy network combines the graph representation of PFSP and the sequence information of jobs to predict the distribution of candidate jobs. The policy network will be invoked multiple times until a complete sequence is obtained. In order to further improve the quality of the solution obtained by reinforcement learning, an improved iterative greedy (IG) algorithm is proposed to search the solution locally. The experimental results show that the proposed RL and the combined method of RL+IG can obtain better solutions than other excellent heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms in a short time.
Innovation Onset: A Moderated Mediation Model of High-Involvement Work Practices and Employees' Innovative Work Behavior

Purpose Based on the componential theory of creativity, this study examined the link between high-involvement work practices and employees’ innovative behavior by further investigating the moderating and mediating role of leadership humility and employees’ personal initiative. Methodology To test the hypothesized model, the data were gathered from 255-line staff and 119 supervisors working in the textile industry in Pakistan via the time lag technique. The proposed hypotheses were analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS software. Findings The results indicated that high-involvement work practices were significantly related to employees’ innovative work behaviors. Additionally, the moderation findings revealed that a higher level of leadership humility strengthens the relationship between high-involvement work practices and employees’ personal initiative. Furthermore, employees’ personal initiative mediates the relationship between high-involvement work practices and their innovative work behavior. The findings of the moderated mediation model indicated that a higher level of leadership humility leads to higher innovative behavior of employees in the presence of high-involvement work practices via employees’ personal initiative. Practical Implications This study’s findings are helpful for the management of organizations to understand the factors that enhance innovative work behaviors in high-involvement work practices. Moreover, managers should establish humble behaviors in their leadership style to influence employees’ personal initiative, which indirectly influences their innovative work behavior. Originality/Value The present study highlights the importance of leadership humility and employees’ personal initiative in the relationship between high-involvement work practices and innovative work behaviors of employees in the textile industry of Pakistan.
A brief review of the methods used to determine the curvature of root canals

Successful endodontic therapy is largely dependent on a triad of access cavity, canal preparation, and three-dimensional hermetically sealed obturation of the canals. Canal preparation is the most vital part of the triad that can be very challenging due to the complex morphology of the root canal system. Clinicians quite frequently encounter severe canal curvatures of different degrees within the roots that lead to a variety of problems including ledge formation, separation of instruments, canal blockage, and tear-drop transportation at the apex or perforation. Anatomical variations within the complex root canal morphology are the commonest cause of endodontic treatment failure. It is, therefore, essential to have a thorough knowledge about the internal and external morphologies of teeth. The aim of the current paper is to review the methods used to determine the root canal curvature and its management.