Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How is Baseflow Index (BFI) impacted by water resource management practices?

Abstract. Water resource management (WRM) practices, such as abstractions and discharges, may impact baseflow. Here the CAMELS-GB large-sample hydrology dataset is used to assess the impacts of such practices on baseflow index (BFI) using statistical models of 429 catchments from Great Britain. Two complementary modelling schemes, multiple linear regression (LR) and machine learning (random forests, RF), are used to investigate the relationship between BFI and two sets of covariates (natural covariates only and a combined set of natural and WRM covariates). The LR and RF models show good agreement between explanatory covariates. In all models, the extent of fractured aquifers, clay soils, non-aquifers, and crop cover in catchments, catchment topography and aridity are significant or important natural covariates in explaining BFI. When WRM terms are included, groundwater abstraction is significant or the most important WRM covariate in both modelling schemes and discharge to rivers is also identified as significant or influential, although natural covariates still provide the main explanatory power of the models. Surface water abstraction is a significant covariate in the LR model but of only minor importance in the RF model. Reservoir storage covariates are not significant or are unimportant in both the LR and RF models for this large-sample analysis. Inclusion of WRM terms improves the performance of some models in specific catchments. The LR models of high BFI catchments with relatively high levels of groundwater abstraction show the greatest improvements, and there is some evidence of improvement in LR models of catchments with moderate to high discharges. However, there is no evidence that the inclusion of the WRM covariates improves the performance of LR models for catchments with high surface water abstraction or that they improve the performance of the RF models. These observations are used to formulate a conceptual framework for baseflow generation that incorporates WRM practices. It is recommended that information on WRM, particularly groundwater abstraction, should be included where possible in future large-sample hydrological data sets and in the analysis and prediction of BFI and other measures of baseflow.
Convergent Hydraulic Redistribution and Groundwater Access Supported Facilitative Dependency Between Trees and Grasses in a Semi‐Arid Environment

Hydraulic redistribution is the transport of water from wet to dry soil layers, upward or downward, through plant roots. Often in savanna and woodland ecosystems, deep‐rooted trees, and shallow‐rooted grasses coexist. The degree to which these different species compete for or share soil‐water derived from precipitation or groundwater, as well as how these interactions are altered by hydraulic redistribution, is unknown. We use a multilayer canopy model and field observations to examine how the presence of deep, but tree‐root accessible, groundwater impacts seasonal patterns of hydraulic redistribution, and interaction between coexisting vegetation species in a semiarid riparian woodland (US‐CMW). Based on the simulation, trees absorb moisture at the water table (∼10 m depth) and release it in the shallow soil depth (0–3 m) during the dry pre‐monsoon season. We observed the occurrence of a new convergent hydraulic redistribution pattern during the monsoon season, where moisture is transported from both the near‐surface (0–0.5 m) and the water table to intermediate soil layers (1–5 m) through tree roots. We found that hydraulic redistribution demonstrates a growth facilitation effect at this site, supporting 49% of growing season tree transpiration and 14% of the grass transpiration. Compared to a similarly structured upland savanna without accessible groundwater, the riparian site shows an increased amount of hydraulically redistributed water and more facilitative water use between coexisting grasses and trees. These results shed light on the linkage between accessible groundwater and the role of hydraulic redistribution on the interaction between deep‐rooted and shallow‐rooted vegetation.
Optimization of Spray Drying Process Parameters for Sweet Corn Enzymolysis Liquid

Abstract The aim of this study was to optimize the spray drying process parameters for sweet corn enzymolysis liquid concentrate (SCELC). Experimental design with inlet temperature (170–190°C), SCELC/maltodextrin (MD) ratio (0.25–4) and inlet feed rate (800–1000 mL h−1) as independent variables was studied to investigate the effects on product responses. The corresponding results showed that an increase in the inlet temperature resulted in sweet corn powder with lower moisture, bulk density, L* value, H° value and higher water solubility index. Meanwhile, an increase in MD ratio brought lower moisture and higher L* value, H° value, water solubility index. It was also found that an increase in the inlet feed rate caused higher moisture and lower water solubility index. The highest production yield was achieved at 42.86% with optimized inlet temperature of 177.66°C, SCELC/MD ratio of 0.84 and inlet feed rate of 834.50 mL h−1. Accordingly, the production yield, moisture content, bulk density, water solubility index, L* and H° value were 42.86%, 3.57%, 0.45 g/cm3, 96.54 g/100 g, 84.46, and 83.54, respectively.
A stamped sealing from Middle Chalcolithic Tel Tsaf: implications for the rise of administrative practices in the Levant

This article describes and discusses a stamped sealing found at Middle Chalcolithic Tel Tsaf (5th millennium BCE). This is the earliest stamped sealing found in the southern Levant. The article describes the object, as well as its petrographic composition, find-spot and parallels. Furthermore, the artefact’s implications for the rise of administrative practices in the Levant during the protohistoric periods are discussed.
ÇOK KATMANLI ALGILAYICILAR İLE DOĞRU MESLEK TERCİHİ

Meslek secimi guncelligini hicbir zaman yitirmeyen bir konudur ve insan hayatini etkileyen onemli bir karardir. Bireyin kisiligine, isteklerine ve yeteneklerine uygun yapilan tercihler bireyde mutlulugu ve is hayatinda basariyi dogurur. Yapilan arastirmalarda Turkiye’de ve dunyada meslek seciminin yaygin olarak yanlis yapildigi gorulmustur. Bu calisma, meslek seciminde karar asamasinda olan lise ogrencilerine yapay bir karar destek sistemiyle yardimci olmayi amaclamaktadir. Gelistirilen bu sistemde, hata toleransli, egitilebilen, deneyime dayali ozgun bir Cok Katmanli Algilayicilar (CKA) siniflandiricisi kullanilmistir. Degisik sektorlerde calisan ve mesleginde memnun olan kisilerden elde edilen verilerle bir egitim seti olusturulmustur ve ozellestirilen CKA siniflandiricisina aktarilarak sistem egitilmistir. Yapilan capraz gecerleme islemlerinde ve uygulamalarda diger siniflandiricilara gore yuksek performansli sonuclar elde edilmistir. Gelistirilen CKA tabanli yapay karar destek sistemi sayesinde ogrenicilerin cok az bir hata oraniyla dogru meslek tercihi yapmalari saglanmistir. Sonuc olarak onerilen yapay bir model sayesinde universite sinavina girmek uzere olan ogrencilere kendilerine uygun bir meslek tercihi yapabilmeleri mumkun kilinmistir.
Performance Improvement of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell by CH3SH Doping

Organometal halide perovskites have recently emerged as an appealing candidate in photovoltaic devices due to their excellent properties. Therefore, intense efforts have been devoted to find the ideal organics for perovskite solar cells. In response, we investigate the doping effect of CH3SH organic on the structure and related performance of a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell, via in situ synchrotron-based grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In situ GIXRD investigations clearly illustrated the transformation and modification of the perovskite structure induced by the organic dopant, which subsequently led to the enhancement of the power conversion efficiency of fabricated solar cells. Notably, nanoporous morphology and nanocrystalline structures were discovered in the perovskite film by SEM; they were also confirmed by the increase in broadening peaks/features in the GIXRD measurements. Overall, our study may ultimately result in an attractive strategy for the fabrication of high performance perovskite solar cells.
Comparative Study on Relative Fossil Energy Carrying Capacity in China and the United States

Based on resource carrying capacity, this study used the revised theory of relative resource carrying capacity (RRCC) and introduced an innovative concept of relative fossil energy carrying capacity (RFECC), which evaluates the degree of fossil energy sustainability based on the relationship between economy, population, and environment. This study took China and the United States as the study objects, took the whole country as the reference area, and calculated the RFECC of population, economic, and environmental resources from 2000 to 2018. Therefore, based on the comparative analysis, the following conclusions were drawn: (i) there is a big difference in the RFECC between China and the United States, which is manifested in the inverted U-shaped trend in China and the U-shaped trend in the United States; (ii) the relative fossil energy carrying states in China and the United States are different, mainly reflected in the economy and environment; (iii) the gap in RFECC between China and the United States has gradually widened; in general, China’s economic RFECC is better than that of the United States, while environmental RFECC and population RFECC in the United States is better than that of China; and (iv) coal and oil should be used as a breakthrough point for the sustainable fossil energy and sustainable development for China and the United States, respectively.
Cold Plasma: An Alternative in Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Preservation

This study aimed evaluating the effects of cold plasma on the quality attributes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Shrimp were divided into 4 sample groups: one control and the remaining groups subjected to cold plasma at frequencies of 5, 10, and 15 kHz, respectively, during 10 minutes of application followed by evaluation of chemical, physical, microbiological, and sensorial characteristics. Cold plasma contributed significantly to the maintenance of shrimp quality during storage, delaying the melanization process, microbial growth, improving the physicochemical and sensorial qualities of the samples. Exposure of white shrimp to non-thermal plasma at 15 kHz promoted better physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial results, and increased the shelf life of samples by 5 days, suggesting that the treatment is effective to preserve the quality of shrimp.
An Examination of How Social and Technological Perceptions Predict Social Media News Use on WeChat

ABSTRACT The decision to use a particular social media application for news is affected by many factors, but less is understood is how a platform’s technological features promote or impede people’s social media news use. A structural equation model derived from the Unified Theory Acceptance and Use of Technology and Task-Technology Fit models were applied to investigate what social and technological perceptional factors explain people’s news use behaviors within the context of WeChat. Results showed an application’s technological features (i.e., technology characteristics and task-technology fit) played a significant role in predicting multiple social media news use behaviors. We put forth a theoretical model that predicts social media news use based on the results.
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for the Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations with Two-point and Integral Boundary Conditions

In this paper the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the fractional differential equations with two-point and integral boundary conditions is investigated. The Green function is constructed, and the problem under consideration is reduced to the equivalent integral equation. Existence and uniqueness of a solution to this problem is analyzed using the Banach the contraction mapping principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus in Layers

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) in spite of the availability of vaccines remains a constant threat to poultry producers worldwide. It is prevalent in Indian subcontinent and leads to economic losses. The present study was aimed with isolate and identify virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in layer poultry from field outbreaks.Methods: Total 47 samples consisting of nasal (05), oropharyngeal (13) and cloacal swabs (11) and tissue samples consisting of trachea (07), lungs (06), larynx (05) were collected from layer birds. For isolation of NDV swab and tissue samples were inoculated in 9-11 days old embryonated eggs via allantoic cavity route. After preparing the viral inoculum, 47 suspected samples (29 swab and 18 tissue samples) were inoculated in 141 embryonated eggs to isolate the virus.Result: Out of 47 samples 10 (21.27%) samples were positive for HA activity. All the 10 isolates showing HA activity subjected to Reverse-Transcriptase PCR of F gene and 6 were found positive in RT-PCR for F1 gene. The PCR amplified product showed amplicon at 356 bp and 254 bp positive for F1 and F2 gene, respectively. On basis of F gene, 06 (50%) isolates were considered as virulent Newcastle Disease Virus. One isolate sequence was submitted at NCBI with accession MT890653 On phylogenetic analysis MT890653 designated as Class II/ genotype II/ virulent strain and had the motif 112R-R-R-K-R-F117 at the cleavage site of the fusion protein.
Disclosure of Non-Current Tangible Assets Information in Private Sector Entities Financial Statements: The Case of Lithuania

The research aims to examine and evaluate the accounting information disclosure (AID) quality of the non-current tangible assets in the annual financial statements of private sector entities of Lithuania and identify characteristics of these enterprises that have an impact on the AID quality. The research model of the AID quality in the financial statements is created. Based on the national accounting standards’ legal requirements, the original checklists were structured, and the disclosure quality indexes (DQIs) allowing evaluation of AID (both mandatory and voluntary) quality were formed. The empirical results show that Lithuanian enterprises’ AID quality was sufficient and average during the investigation period. The significant AID quality change was not observed during the short term (2007–2008), i.e., when Lithuania was going through a significant change in the economy, where the rapid growth was followed by the financial crisis. In addition, it was investigated whether significant changes were observed during the long term (2007–2016) when Lithuania was transforming from a developing to a developed country. The results show that during this period the disclosure of mandatory (for all enterprises) and voluntary information did not change significantly, while additional (for large and medium) AID quality increased. Multiple panel regression analysis showed that the enterprise’s characteristics (such as its size, debt-paying capacity, indebtedness, tangible assets, and profitability) appeared to have a statistically significant effect on the AID quality. The research findings could contribute to helping shareholders, potential investors or creditors, financial analysts, and other stakeholders when making decisions in regard to the evaluation of the AID quality as well as helping regulators to increase standards for information transparency and comparability.
Grafting among species of the genus Handroanthus (Bignoniaceae)

genus Handroanthus (Bignoniaceae). Scientia Forestalis , 49 (130), e3513. https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v49n130. 12 Abstract The trees of the genus Handroanthus have an unmistakable ornamental beauty, which despite the short flowering period, ennoble the landscape, in addition to the high ecological, medicinal value and quality wood production. The aim of this work was to analyze the compatibility of top cleft grafting among the species Handroanthus chrysotrichus ( Hc ), Handroanthus heptaphyllus ( Hh ) and Handroanthus roseo-albus ( Hr-a ). Treatments were constituted by different scion/rootstock combinations: Hc / Hc ; Hc / Hr-a ; Hc / Hh ; Hr-a/Hc ; Hr-a / Hr-a ; Hr-a / Hh ; Hh / Hc ; Hh / Hr-a ; Hh / Hh . The high compatibility of Hh self-grafting (83.3%) was identified by means of a well-established vascular connection, as well as the similarity of gas exchange values compared to the ungrafted seedlings. The combinations Hh / Hc (55.5%) and Hr-a / Hr-a (38.8%), Hc / Hc (33.3%) and Hh / Hr-a (27.7%), in decreasing order, have potential to increase grafting success. In this sense, future works must be elaborated to improve the efficiency in graft taking and that allows, for example, the production of branches with different colors of flowers in
Auto-Segmentation on Liver with U-Net and Pixel De-Convolutional Network

Purpose: To improve the liver auto-segmentation performance of three-dimensional (3D) U-net by replacing the conventional up-sampling convolution layers with the Pixel De-convolutional Network (PDN) that considers spatial features. Methods: The U-net was originally developed to segment neuronal structure with outstanding performance but suffered serious artifacts from indirectly unrelated adjacent pixels in its up-sampling layers. The hypothesis of this study was that the segmentation quality of the liver could be improved with PDN in which the up-sampling layer was replaced by a pixel de-convolution layer (PDL). Seventy-eight plans of abdominal cancer patients were anonymized and exported. Sixty-two were chosen for training two networks: 1) 3D U-Net, and 2) 3D PDN, by minimizing the Dice loss function. The other sixteen plans were used to test the performance. The similarity Dice and Average Hausdorff Distance (AHD) were calculated and compared between these two networks. Results: The computation time for 62 training cases and 200 training epochs was about 30 minutes for both networks. The segmentation performance was evaluated using the remaining 16 cases. For the Dice score, the mean ± standard deviation were 0.857 ± 0.011 and 0.858 ± 0.015 for the PDN and U-Net, respectively. For the AHD, the mean ± standard deviation were 1.575 ± 0.373 and 1.675 ± 0.769, respectively, corresponding to an improvement of 6.0% and 51.5% of mean and standard deviation for the PDN. Conclusion: The PDN has outperformed the U-Net on liver auto-segmentation. The predicted contours of PDN are more conformal and smoother when compared with the U-Net.
Repetitive Nearest Neighbor Based Simulated Annealing Search Optimization Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is the most popular and most studied non-deterministic polynomial (NP) hard problem that has been used in various fields of science and technology. Due to the NP-hard nature, it is very difficult to solve this problem effectively and efficiently. For this reason, diverse appropriate optimization algorithms have been designed and developed in the last few decades. Among these algorithms, heuristic algorithms are much more suitable to tackle with this complex problem. In this paper, we propose a hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve the symmetric TSP problem by combining the search mechanism of repetitive nearest neighbor (RNN) heuristic and simulated annealing (SA) heuristic algorithms. In fact, a set of better routes are generated step by step by the RNN algorithm and these routes are improved through the iterative improvement process of the SA algorithm. The proposed algorithm is tested on a set of benchmark symmetric TSP datasets and compared with the basic RNN and SA algorithms as well as some other hybrid algorithms existing in the literature. It is demonstrated by the experimental results that the proposed algorithm is more effective than both the basic RNN and SA algorithms, and the obtained optimum results are in good agreement with the corresponding best-known optimum results. In addition, the proposed algorithm outperforms some other hybrid algorithms in terms of solution quality.
Mindware Instantiation as a Predictor of Logical Intuitions in Cognitive Reflection Test

Following the growing body of evidence suggesting that substantial individual differences in reasoning exist already at early stages of the reasoning process and that reasoners might be able to produce logical intuitions, the model of mindware automatization posits that the mindware acquired to the extent that it is fully automatized can cue the logically correct type 1 response. In this study, we asked participants to solve the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) presented under the two-response paradigm. Among individual difference factors, we measured mindware instantiation and conflict detection efficiency. These variables explained approximately 10% of the variance in the accuracy of intuitive answers. We also observed that in more than half of cases, the correct response was already correct at the initial response stage. These results are in line with the theoretical model of mindware automatization to a large extent and raise a question about the main attribute of the CRT.
Biomarkers of Blood from Patients with Atherosclerosis Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Atherosclerosis is a multifaceted disease characterized by the formation and accumulation of plaques that attach to arteries and cause cardiovascular disease and vascular embolism. A range of diagnostic techniques, including selective coronary angiography, stress tests, computerized tomography, and nuclear scans, assess cardiovascular disease risk and treatment targets. However, there is currently no simple blood biochemical index or biological target for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is of interest to find a biochemical blood marker for atherosclerosis. Three datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEG) and the results were integrated using the Robustrankaggreg algorithm. The genes considered more critical by the Robustrankaggreg algorithm were put into their own data set and the data set system with cell classification information for verification. Twenty-one possible genes were screened out. Interestingly, we found a good correlation between RPS4Y1, EIF1AY, and XIST. In addition, we know the general expression of these genes in different cell types and whole blood cells. In this study, we identified BTNL8 and BLNK as having good clinical significance. These results will contribute to the analysis of the underlying genes involved in the progression of atherosclerosis and provide insights for the discovery of new diagnostic and evaluation methods.
Analysis of Major Amino Acids in Green Tea by High-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with OPA Precolumn Derivatization

緑茶中の主要な7種のアミノ酸にGABAを加えた8種のアミノ酸を,OPAによる誘導体化と,ODSカラムを用いた高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより,25分以内に定量性良く分析する方法を開発した。 内部標準物質としてグリシルグリシンを用い,移動相は,クエソ酸緩衝液と,アセトニトリルの混合液の多段リニアグラジエントを用いた。 この方法での絶対保持時間のCV値は0. 5%程度で,定量値の平均のCV値は1. 1%程度であった。