Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MULTIMODECODE: an efficient numerical solver for multifield inflation

We present MULTIMODECODE, a Fortran 95/2000 package for the numerical exploration of multifield inflation models. This program facilitates efficient Monte Carlo sampling of prior probabilities for inflationary model parameters and initial conditions and is the first publicly available code that can efficiently generate large sample-sets for inflation models with 𝒪 fields. The code numerically solves the equations of motion for the background and first-order perturbations of multi-field inflation models with canonical kinetic terms and arbitrary potentials, providing the adiabatic, isocurvature, and tensor power spectra at the end of inflation. For models with sum-separable potentials MULTIMODECODE also computes the slow-roll prediction via the δ N formalism for easy model exploration and validation. We pay particular attention to the isocurvature perturbations as the system approaches the adiabatic limit, showing how to avoid numerical instabilities that affect some other approaches to this problem. We demonstrate the use of MULTIMODECODE by exploring a few toy models. Finally, we give a concise review of multifield perturbation theory and a user's manual for the program.
Leases and Operating Capacity

The omission of operating leases from the balance sheet distorts not only reported leverage but also reported operating capacity. In the context of the joint project initiated by FASB and IASB on accounting for leasing, we compare the information content of reported and lease-adjusted operating assets under four alternative approaches: The present value of minimum lease payments (PVMLP, consistent with the FASB proposal), PVMLP adjusted downward to reflect differences in the amortization patterns of the capitalized lease asset and obligation (Adjusted PVMLP, consistent with the IASB proposal), and two alternative methods for capitalizing the rent expense (consistent with Moody’s approach). We find that all four approaches are relevant in that pro forma operating assets that reflect the capitalization of operating leases provide incremental information about future sales over and above the information in reported assets. However, the rent capitalization approaches result in measures of operating assets that are less reliable than reported assets. In contrast, operating assets under the two PVMLP approaches dominate reported operating assets in predicting revenue. These findings suggest that capitalizing operating leases by discounting future lease commitments increases both the relevance and reliability of assets as predictors of future revenue. Comparing the two PVMLP approaches, we find that assets measured under the Adjusted PVMLP approach (i.e., the IASB proposal) better predict revenue compared to assets measured under the PVMLP approach (the FASB proposal). + 114 Enterprise Hall, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030; mli10@gmu.edu. * 604 Uris Hall, Columbia Business School, New York, NY 10027; dn75@columbia.edu. The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments and suggestions made by seminar participants at UT Dallas.
Transformation of technogenic Cu and Zn compounds in chernozem

The influence of exogenous form of heavy metals intake on their transformation in the soil is determined during model experiments. Distinctions in quantity of extracted mobile compounds of heavy metals in the soil depending on a form of addition various connections of Cu and Zn are established. The smallest mobility of Cu and Zn at addition of heavy metal oxides is observed. It is established that Cu accumulates mainly in the fraction connected with organic matter; Zn accumulates in residual fraction and in the fraction connected with ferric oxide and manganese oxide by consecutive fractionation technique.
The Effect of Hypokalemia on Early-onset Peritoneal Dialysis-related Peritonitis

Background: Early-onset peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (EOP) increased technique failure andmortality among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, whether hypokalemia is the risk of EOPremains unclear.Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify the association between hypokalemia withinthe first 3 months after PD initiation and EOP.Method: A total of 947 PD patients registered at the Kidney Unit in Chaiyaphum regional hospital fromJanuary 2011 to December 2018 were recruited and followed up. The first EOP episode within 6 monthsafter the initiation of PD was a primary outcome. Logistic regression was used to identify the association.Results: Of the total,485 experienced hypokalemia. 90 patients, developed EOP, 61 were from thehypokalemic group (12.6%). Hypokalemia was a significant risk factor of EOP (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.42 to3.94; P=0.01), as well as decreased serum bicarbonate level (OR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.82 to 0.99; P=0.026) anddecreased hemoglobin level (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.90; P=0.004) and elevated sodium (OR, 1.07;95%CI, 1.00 to 1.15; P=0.046) while controlling other covariates.Conclusions: Hypokalemia within the first three months after PD initiation was a significant risk factor ofEOP.
Coronary heart disease Uric acid and inflammatory markers

Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy; Clinical Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA; Tuscany Regional Health Agency, Florence, Italy; and A.S. F. Geriatric Rehabilitation, Florence, Italy
FORECASTING SEASONAL TIME SERIES DATA USING THE HOLT-WINTERS EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING METHOD OF ADDITIVE MODELS

The purpose of this study was to predict seasonal time series data using the Holt-Winters exponential smoothing additive model. The data used in this study is data on the number of passengers departing at Hasanudin Airport in 2009-2019, the source of the data obtained from the official website of the Central Statistics Agency. The results showed that the Holt-Winters exponential smoothing method on the passenger's number at Hasanudin Airport in 2009 to 2019 contained trend patterns and seasonal patterns, by first determining the initial values and smoothing parameters that could minimize forecasting errors.
Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification

Foreword: Why Political Psychology Is Important - George Lakoff 1. Introduction: Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification - John T. Jost, Aaron C. Kay and Hulda Thorisdottir 2. American Moral Exceptionalism - Eric Luis Uhlmann, T. Andrew Poehlman, and John A. Bargh 3. On the Automaticity of American Nationalism - Melissa J. Ferguson, Travis J. Carter, and Ran R. Hassin 4. On the Psychological Advantage of the Status Quo - Scott Eidelman and Chris Crandall 5. Belief in a Just World, Perceived Fairness, and Justification of the Status Quo - Carolyn L. Hafer and Becky L. Choma 6. Disentangling Reasons and Rationalizations: Exploring Perceived Fairness in Hypothetical Societies - Greg Mitchell and Phillip E. Tetlock 7. A Contextual Analysis of the System Justification Motive and Its Societal Consequences - Aaron C. Kay and Mark Zanna 8. The Social Psychology of Uncertainty Management and System Justification - Kees van den Bos 9. Political Ideology in the 21st Century: A Terror Management Perspective on Maintenance and Change of the Status Quo - Jacqueline Anson, Tom Pyszczynski, Sheldon Solomon, and Jeff Greenberg 10. No Atheists in Foxholes: Motivated Reasoning and Religious Belief - Robb Willer 11. Motivated Social Cognition and Ideology: Is Attention to Elite Discourse a Prerequisite for Epistemically Motivated Political Affinities? - Christopher M. Federico and Paul Goren 12. A Dual Process Motivational Model of Ideological Attitudes and System Justification - John Duckitt and Chris G. Sibley 13. Statewide Differences in Personality Predict Voting Patterns in 1996-2004 U.S. Presidential Elections - P. Jason Rentfrow, Sam Gosling, John T. Jost, and Jeffrey Potter 14. Procedural Justice and the Psychology of Justification - Irina Feygina and Tom R. Tyler 15. Planet of the Durkheimians, Where Community, Authority, and Sacredness are Foundations of Morality - Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham 16. Ideology of the Good Old Days: Exaggerated Perceptions of Moral Decline and Conservative Politics - Richard P. Eibach and Lisa K. Libby 17. Group Status and Feelings of Personal Entitlement: The Roles of Social Comparison and System-Justifying Beliefs - Laurie T. O'Brien and Brenda Major 18. Ambivalent Sexism at Home and at Work: How Attitudes Toward Women in Relationships Foster Exclusion in the Public Sphere - Mina Cikara, Tiana L. Lee, Susan T. Fiske, and Peter Glick 19. Acknowledging and Redressing Historical Injustices - Katherine B. Starzyk, Craig W. Blatz, and Mike Ross 20. The Politics of Intergroup Attitudes - Brian Nosek, Mahzarin R. Banaji, and John T. Jost
Ju l 2 01 5 Common Knowledge on Networks

Common knowledge of intentions is crucial to basic social tasks ranging from cooperative hunting to oligopoly collusion, riots, revolutions, and the evolution of social norms and human culture. Yet little is known about how common knowledge leaves a trace on the dynamics of a social network. Here we show how an individual’s network properties—primarily local clustering and betweenness centrality—provide strong signals of the ability to successfully participate in common knowledge tasks. These signals are distinct from those expected when practices are contagious, or when people use less-sophisticated heuristics that do not yield true coordination. This makes it possible to infer decision rules from observation. We also find that tasks that require common knowledge can yield significant inequalities in success, in contrast to the relative equality that results when practices spread by contagion alone. In the game known as Rousseau’s Stag Hunt [1], participants must decide between hunting a stag, or rabbits, before knowing what the others have chosen to do. Rabbits can be caught by individuals, but provide a lower reward than a stag. A stag can be caught, but only if others also decide to join the hunt, and a failed hunt is a serious setback. Even when an individual desires to join a hunt, she may not know that others know this. In the face of this uncertainty, she may go after rabbits instead and gain a meager, but relatively assured, benefit. Yet the other members of her group followed similar logic. All preferred to hunt stag, but all ended up hunting rabbits. This is the problem of common knowledge. The problem of the stag hunt is widespread in the modern world. An entrepreneur decides between a stable salary at a major corporation, or joining with others in a San Francisco startup. In determining whether potential team-mates are willing to forego their own backup plans and commit to joint effort, he faces the same problem as Rousseau’s hunter. So, too, does an individual considering joining a demonstration against an unpopular regime, where small crowds may be violently dispersed, but safety, and political change, lies in numbers [2]. Much work has been done on the mechanisms that can drive cooperation, but ensuring that all individuals involved have the capability to coordinate is an equally difficult Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th St., Bloomington IN 47405. torrin.liddell@gmail.com School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, 901 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47408 & Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501. sdedeo@indiana.edu
GEOMETRIC VALIDATION OF ALOS / PRISM IMAGES

The photogrammetric processing of ALOS/PRISM imagery has special requirements due to the Linear Array CCD sensor structure. A set of algorithms for processing of high resolution satellite imagery has been developed by our group at ETH Zurich and realized in a software suite called SAT-PP, which has already been tested successfully for different sensors. We have implemented new algorithms for the geometric processing of the PRISM images, in particular for the interior orientation and self-calibration. In addition we have refined our sensor models according to the multiple camera head structure of the sensor. We have tested our methods of georeferencing and DSM generation for four different testfields. The rigorous sensor model performs well and results in sub-pixel accuracy of 0.48-0.35 pixels in planimetry and height for georeferencing and point determination. The height RMS error of the DSM generation is around two pixels over all. Locally, the accuracy depends strongly on the topography, land use characteristics and image quality.
Osmoprotection in Sugarcane under Water Deficit Conditions

Drought has become a limiting factor for expansion of agricultural areas. Plant stress caused by water deficit is a major abiotic agent that affects many crops throughout the world, causing decrease in productivity and consequently economic losses. Development of more tolerant cultivars seems to be the right way to overcome adverse environmental conditions and increase productivity. Plant adaptive response to unfavorable conditions occurs via distinct mechanism such as salinity, drought, or high temperatures. This review covers some of the biochemical and genetic mechanisms which are related to plant tolerance and how they may interact to induce plant tolerance to drought. The role of signaling molecules, osmoregulators and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in plant response mechanisms are discussed. In addition modifications at the transcriptional level are pointed out with the characterization of sugarcane gene expression profile under water stress conditions. Understanding how sugarcane gene expression is regulated and how its biochemical machinery is mobilized in response to drought will promote the development of tolerant cultivars. Based on the overall results already reported and in our findings on the differential expression of genes related to water stress cell response a coordinated mechanism of tolerance and sensitivity is proposed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A Smartphone-based Tool for Checking Attendance of Students in Classroom Automatically

We design and implement a software tool running in a smartphone to check the attendance of enrolled students automatically. The students need to install the application to their smartphones. The challenging issue in designing this software tool is that we need to find out whether a student is inside or outside the classroom in an automatic fashion. For this purpose, the application in a student's phone will measure the current signal strengths of Bluetooth devices around the classroom, which are reported to a server running the software that checks the student attendance. Then, the server decides whether the student is located inside or outside the classroom by analyzing the signal strengths. The comprehensive measurements of WiFi and Bluetooth strengths reveal that the smartphone’s WiFi scanning consumes much more energy than BLE scanning, and the received signal power of a WiFi beacon can vary dynamically due to interference and fading. That is, WiFi signal strengths may not be able to localize the student at the granularity of a classroom. If we can deploy Bluetooth devices, we can adjust their transmission power levels, which helps to figure out whether the student is located within or out of the classroom (so-called geofencing). By leveraging Bluetooth devices, we can achieve significantly better geofencing performance.
Fully Automated, Label-Free Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Blood for Cancer Diagnosis and Monitoring

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that circulate in body fluids possess significant potential for disease diagnosis. Their use in clinical settings, however, has been limited owing to lack of simple and robust isolation methods. To rectify this problem, a centrifugal device for automatic, fast, and efficient isolation of EVs from whole-blood, called Exodisc-B is presented in this paper. Methods: The device comprises a built-in chamber to facilitate plasma separation and two nanoporous filters—one for removing larger particles and the other for enriching EVs. The performance of the device in comparison to ultracentrifugation (UC) was evaluated by analyzing the yield, purity, protein and RNA content of the isolated EVs. Additionally, the EV protein marker expressions were measured by ELISA and statistically analyzed to differentiate prostate cancer patients from healthy donors. Results: Compared with the UC technique, the proposed device is capable of isolating at least an order of magnitude higher number of EVs with about 30-fold higher mRNA count within 40 min. Sandwich ELISA of EV-specific membrane proteins—CD9-CD81—confirmed that Exodisc-B can isolate EVs from a volume of whole blood as low as 30 µL with a capture efficiency exceeding 75%. The device also facilitates temporal monitoring of tumor progression within live mouse xenograft models over a period of 13 weeks while using minimal volumes of weekly collected blood samples. Further, in ELISA analyses of multiple cancer-related proteins, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), extracted from EVs isolated from human plasma, 43 patients were differentiated from 30 healthy donors. Conclusion: The results demonstrated the ability of Exodisc-B to provide a rapid, sensitive, and point-of-care-type method for extracting intact EVs from small volumes of clinical blood samples for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Encoder First Vertex Recurrent Decoder GGNN Evaluator Network polygon upscaling polygon prediction polygon evaluation vertex vertices

Manually labeling datasets with object masks is extremely time consuming. In this work, we follow the idea of PolygonRNN [4] to produce polygonal annotations of objects interactively using humans-in-the-loop. We introduce several important improvements to the model: 1) we design a new CNN encoder architecture, 2) show how to effectively train the model with Reinforcement Learning, and 3) significantly increase the output resolution using a Graph Neural Network, allowing the model to accurately annotate highresolution objects in images. Extensive evaluation on the Cityscapes dataset [8] shows that our model, which we refer to as Polygon-RNN++, significantly outperforms the original model in both automatic (10% absolute and 16% relative improvement in mean IoU) and interactive modes (requiring 50% fewer clicks by annotators). We further analyze the cross-domain scenario in which our model is trained on one dataset, and used out of the box on datasets from varying domains. The results show that Polygon-RNN++ exhibits powerful generalization capabilities, achieving significant improvements over existing pixel-wise methods. Using simple online fine-tuning we further achieve a high reduction in annotation time for new datasets, moving a step closer towards an interactive annotation tool to be used in practice.
Electron Microscopic Observations of Chiamyd like Microorganism in Hepatopancreas Cells of the Spider , Coras luctuosus ia -

Chlamydia-like microorganism was observed not only in the cytoplasm but also within the intracytoplasmic inclusions of hepatopancreas cells of the spider, Coras luctuosus. The reticulate body, which bears a resemblance to that of members of the genus Chlamydia, is generally spherical and approximately 370 to 800 m~ in diameter; its cytoplasm contains ribosome-like particles as well as fine DNA-like fibrils, and is bounded by a double-layered cell wall and a cytoplasmic membrane. The frequent occurrence of pairs or clusters of reticulate bodies and of profiles with symmetrical constriction, suggests that the reticulate bodies multiply by fission. Maturation process of the cell is accomplished by condensation of DNA-like fibrils. The elementary body is spherical, from 320 to 360 mp in diameter, with an eccentrically placed electron-dense nucleoid. In addition, four kinds of unusual parasites, which are undoubtedly cellular and procaryotic, are found only in the spider infected with the chlamydia-like microorganism. The possible relations of these parasites to the chlamydia-like microrganism are discussed.
Parametric Push-Out Analysis on Perfobond Rib with Headed Stud Mixed Shear Connector

In steel and concrete composite structures, it is unfavourable to install many headed studs or perfobond ribs with narrow spacings at the joints. To solve this problem, a new type of a mixed shear connector was developed by combining a headed stud and perfobond rib at the same steel beam flange. In this paper, totally nine push-out tests were conducted. The main purpose was to compare the failure mode and the load-slip behavior of the headed stud, perfobond rib, and mixed shear connector. Furthermore, 19 nonlinear finite element simulations were performed. The effects of connector dimension and material properties on the structural behaviors of mixed shear connectors were studied. Based on the experimental and parametric study, an analytical equation was finally proposed to evaluate the shear capacity of perfobond rib with a headed stud mixed shear connector.
Quality of life in stroke patients in residual stroke period and its determinants

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability; therefore, it is important to investigate factors that might affect the quality of life of stroke patients and refine rehabilitation technologies for better functional gains. The aim of this paper was to study possible factors that determine the quality of life in the residual ischemic stroke period. The MOS SF-36 health survey was completed by 210 patients undergoing early rehabilitation at a stroke care unit. The study revealed a significant decline in some quality of life indicators correlated with advancing age and severity of the condition (correlation coefficient –0.5; p < 0.01). Both physical and mental component summary scores were lower in women than in men (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). High scores on the majority of the applied subscales were observed in the patients with a vertebrobasilar stroke, as compared with those who had suffered a carotid stroke (p < 0.05). The early rehabilitation regimen complemented with acupuncture in the acute stroke period and the subsequent rehabilitation program at the Rehabilitation Hospital significantly contributed (р < 0.05) to improving the quality of life of stroke patients in the residual stroke period.
Endometritis in Donkeys Associated with Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus Infection

Endometritis has recently become one of the most important infectious diseases in donkey breeding farms in China. However, so far, no research has been conducted to confirm the causative agents. In the present study, one breeding farm was selected as a research model for isolation and identification of causative agents and epidemiological investigation. Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus was isolated from the uterus of symptomatic and asymptomatic donkeys and identified by PCR and MALDI-TOF MS analysis. On the farm, the infection rate was 57.1%, which indicated that endometritis is a severe problem and needs to pay much attention to donkey breeding farms. Moreover, female donkeys without mating experience were all negative which suggested the transmitting route might be artificial insemination or related handlings. This study will lead to a great understanding of the causative agent and epidemiological characteristics for endometritis in intensive donkey breeding farms