Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unfolding plant disease resistance : the involvement of HSP90 and its co-chaperone PP5 in I-2-mediated signalling

Protein Ser/Thr phosphatase 5 (PP5) plays an important role in signal transduction in animal cells, but in plants knowledge about PP5 is scarce. Here, we describe the isolation of a fulllength cDNA encoding tomato PP5 (LePP5) and its expression in Escherichia coli. Biochemical characterisation showed that recombinant LePP5 has a low intrinsic protein phosphatase activity. This activity was increased sixto ten-fold by either removal of the Nterminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain or by addition of fatty acids, indicating that biochemical features specific for PP5 homologues from other species are conserved in tomato. The single-copy LePP5 gene was cloned and shown to encode two mRNA species that arise by alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Similarly, Arabidopsis thaliana was found to express two PP5 transcripts, suggesting that alternative splicing of PP5 pre-mRNA is not specific for tomato. Alternative splicing results in a larger transcript containing an additional exon encoding two putative transmembrane domains, and hence in a larger PP5 isoform. Subcellular fractionation studies on tomato protein lysates indicated that the majority of the 55 kDa LePP5 isoform is soluble, whereas the 62 kDa isoform is an integral membrane protein. Production of yellow fluorescent protein-PP5 chimeras in plant cells indicated that the 55 kDa isoform is localised in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, whereas the 62 kDa isoform is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum including the nuclear envelope. Our findings show that alternative splicing generates two LePP5 isoforms with a different subcellular localisation. Sergio de la Fuente van Bentem, Jack H. Vossen, Josephus E. M. Vermeer, Marianne J. de Vroomen, Theodorus W. J. Gadella, Jr., Michel A. Haring, and Ben J. C. Cornelissen Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94062, 1090 GB Amsterdam, the Netherlands Published in Plant Physiology 133, 702-712 (2003)
The Reality Gap: Implementing NEAT with a Scribbler Robot

We explore the “reality gap” between experiments with a physical Scribbler robot and experiments with a simulated Scribbler robot. In particular, we try to identify and eliminate the causes of diﬀerences between the physical and simulated implementations. Our experiments use the evolutionary algorithm NEAT with both objective and novelty ﬁtness metrics with the ultimate goal of the robot’s path covering its given environment. We do not succeed at fully eliminating the reality gap, but we ﬁnd that the gap can be reduced by matching the simulation and real implementation as much as possible in setup, calibrating the path length, and adding noise to the simulated sensors. We also explore whether coverage in a noisy environment (such as the physical world) is a deceptive task. We hypothesize that the remaining gap can be attributed to the oversimpliﬁcation of the robot geometry in our simulation, and to more complex noise and physics in the real world than the simulation. Identifying the extent of the reality gap can inform future work with this simulation, as well as suggesting that in some research we can not rely too heavily on simulation alone as results may not be realistic. That is, while using simple simulations is useful in generating hypotheses and performing some types of research, they may not reliably reﬂect the results of the experiment with a physical robot.
Pedestrian Detection with Cascaded Part Model for Occlusion Handling

— Pedestrian detection in a crowded environment under occlusion constraint is a challenging task. We have addressed this task by exploiting the properties of a rich feature set, which gives almost all cues necessary for recognizing pedestrians. Such rich feature set results in higher dimensional feature space. We have used partial least square regression to map these higher dimensional features to a lower dimensional yet discriminative feature space. Part model is further applied to deal with occlusions. The proposed method gives the best reported results on INRIA pedestrian dataset with detection accuracy of 98% at 10 -4 False Positives Per Window (FPPW) and a miss rate of 31.62% at 10 -1 False Positives Per Image (FPPI). We have also demonstrated the effectiveness of our part model under partial and heavily occluded conditions. Our proposed system outperforms several state of the art techniques under various evaluation conditions of INRIA pedestrian database.
Why People Do Not Keep Their Promise: Understanding the Pro-Environmental Behavior in China

The promise-implementation gap is a particularly salient feature in promoting individuals’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB). Many individuals are becoming aware that their past behavior has not actually been in line with the norms they have made promise to. Prior studies have suggested an array of constraints restricting individuals’ pro-environmental involvement. In addition to individuals’ behavioral incapability, the said inconsistency can also be traced back to the affected willingness, hard trade-off decisions, and/or the failure of stakeholders’ collaboration. Based on the line of reasoning, this research develops an attitude model and frames the potential types of gaps from the perspective of attitude formation and transition surrounding PEBs. The promise-implementation gap is closely related to a sequence of attitudes showing great motivation differences from being reactive to reactive-active transition and to the active-proactive transition. The paper contextualizes the model to examine the promise-implementation gap in the Chinese environmental context. Importance of this context is high with quite mixed economic and social development across the country, which is the same across the world. The application of the model in the Chinese context justifies the validity and generalizability of the theoretic framework. The paper contributes a novel understanding of the promise-implementation gap, and illuminates potential analytic measures and managerial implications for literature of this stream.
Population connectivity of the Stripey Snapper Lutjanus carponotatus along the ecologically significant coast of northwestern Australia

1Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 2Fisheries Division, Department for Primary Industries and Regional Development, Hillarys, Western Australia 3CSIRO, Crawley, Western Australia 4Western Australian Museum, Perth, Western Australia 5Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kensington, Western Australia 6Western Australian Marine Science Institution, Perth, Western Australia
Application of RGA to Optimal choice and Allocation of UPFC for Voltage Security Enhancement in Deregulated Power System

Voltage stability becomes a crucial issue in power systems especially under heavily loaded conditions. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the optimal location of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to enhance power system voltage stability by using real genetic algorithm (RGA). The proposed method demonstrates the improvement of voltage stability margin by implementing to a modified IEEE case study. Key-Words: Voltage stability, Voltage collapse, UPFC, Real Genetic Algorithm (RGA), FACTS Devices
Proximity, Regional Integration and Weak Trade among African Countries – Perspective from SADC

A lot of efforts are being put into uniting Africa through regional integration. Simply put, regional integration is the vogue. But it seems not much consideration is given to economic underpinnings and potential gains from the efforts. Being contiguous should help African countries, but whether such stance is supported by empirical analysis is questionable. In this work therefore, we try to show what drives trade among African countries using South Africa, the SADC and the rest of Africa as instance. We then try to explore implications of this for region integration in the region.
Production and characterization of Orpinomyces mutant xylanases with improved temperature and pH stabilities

The error-prone PCR technique has been widely used in order to obtain thermostable enzymes more suitable for industrial conditions. The Orpinomyces xynA mutant library allowed the selection of four thermostable mutants (M1-M4). Molecular dynamics (MD) predicted an N-terminal tail as being a destabilizing structural region and allowed further enhancing of the mutant xylanases thermostability. Thus, removal of the 27 amino acid residues enabled an increase in the enzyme half-life values (t1/2). However, besides the improved thermostability, the large enzyme production and high catalytic performance are also relevant for the biotechnological application of enzymes. During the mutant enzymes production in E. coli, the IPTG induction protocol allowed high expression levels of soluble and active xylanases. The mutant xylanases without the 27 amino acid residues showed improved thermostability and the shorter versions of M2 and M4 (named as SM2 and SM4) also presented a good performance in more extreme pH conditions.
Light-induced protein degradation : a chemical biology approach

The regulation of proteolysis is an efficient way to control protein function in cells. Here, we present a general strategy enabling to increase the spatiotemporal resolution of conditional proteolysis by using light activation as trigger. Our approach relies on the auxin-inducible degradation (AID) system obtained by transposing components of the plant auxin-dependent degradation pathway in mammalian cells. We developed an optimized version of the AID which enables to significantly destabilize target proteins in presence of auxin. Parallely, we developed a photoactivatable auxin that acts as a photoactivatable inducer of degradation. Upon local and short light illumination, auxin is released in cells and triggers the degradation of a protein of interest with spatiotemporal control. This generic method was implemented in nuclear and cytoplasmic contexts.
A Critical Analysis of a Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) with an
 Improvement Method for a Non-Radiative WPT

This paper describes the analysis of the wireless power transmission including recent progresses in non-radiative wireless power transmission (WPT) and the improvement methods. Generally, WPT transmitter side consists of a DC supply voltage source, inverter/power amplifier, transmitter impedance matching device (IMD), source resonator and primary coil. The WPT receiver meanwhile consists of the secondary coil, device resonator, receiver IMD, rectifier and load. In order to achieve an efficient WPT, the WPT transmitter must transmit energy with minimum loss at the receiver side. This setup can be achieved by employing the power amplifier (PA). In this paper, the power amplifier in wireless power transmission for portable devices was designed. A Class E power amplifier was proposed and designed to improve the WPT transmitter side. The effects of zero voltage and zero derivative voltage switching on PA with optimization method was also discussed.
Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Quantitative Characters of Xanthoceras sorbifolia

Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on 12 quantitative characters of Xanthoceras sorbifolia by using the statistica1 software DPS.The results indicated that the additive contributing rates of the first five principal components amounted to 70.26%. According to the effect of each character on principal component and the composition of main indices,12 biological characters could be divided into 5 groups: tree form,leaf form,fruit shape,inflorescence,and comprehensive factors.According to the result in cluster analysis,the 12 quantitative characters were divided into 6 groups.The two analyses revealed the influences of these factors on the biology of X.sorbifolia.
The Risk of Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials

The goal of evaluating health behavioural interventions is to offer strong evidence that changes in the desired outcome are attributable to the intervention, holding other factors constant [1]. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) hold promise and rigor in evaluating interventions [2,3], they are vulnerable to bias. Systematic errors occur due to a flaw in the RCT design, conduct, or analysis, resulting in either an overor under-estimation of the effect size [4]. Given social and gendered norms, available resources and capacity, or nuanced confounding factors that may influence the implementation and effectiveness of interventions, there can be a potential risk of bias (RoB) when conducting global health intervention trials in lowand middleincome countries (LMICs).
Review of Non-Destructive Techniques (NDTs) for Building Diagnostic Inspections

Understanding building envelope thermodynamics is an essential foundation of building sciences, mainly due to the envelope’s role as a boundary layer for exterior environments, as well as container and regulator of internal microclimates. This paper presents a systematic literature review of the various Non-destructive Testing (NDT) for building envelope scanning and surveying for thermodynamic diagnostics. The aim is to identify knowledge gaps in terms of their use in accurately characterizing envelope compositions for further integration in Building Energy Modeling (BEM). Each NDT was evaluated according to set categories imbibed from ASHRAE Standard 211 that showcase the NDTs ability to extract various relevant information. A framework is then developed to inform users on how to use hybrid NDT-based workflows applied in building envelope energy audits. The paper concludes by discussing possibilities of utilizing NDTs in large-scale audit automation, BEM integration, and developing built environment policies focusing on increasing existing building performance through retrofitting design.
Manipulation of inherent properties of graphene through co- doping of Si and Ge atoms; a DFT study

This work examines the effect of co-doping the Si and Ge on the structure of graphene in terms of the structural, electronic and optical properties based on First-principles (FPS) density functional theory calculations. The immersion of impurity atoms was increased from 8.33% to 12.5% and their causes on pure graphene characteristics were investigated. It is observed that, co-doping of Si and Ge atoms in graphene leads to broadening of band gap at the Dirac K-point. We also found that, co-doping of silicon and germanium atoms in graphene lattice significantly changes its optical parameters in the visible range of spectrum. These results suggest a unique method to tailor the optoelectronic properties of graphene layer which can be realized on experimental basis as well.
north-western of Ardabil province in Iran country by using the GIS software package and integrating the Saw and AHP

With regard to increasing the population growth and increasing the volume and variety of urban wastes, sanitary landfill procedure is one of the most common excretion ways in different countries. There is several ways for locating the waste landfill sites. In this research it has been tried to select suitable site for waste landfill of tourist city of Sarein which is placed in north-western of Ardabil province in Iran country by using the GIS software package and integrating the Saw and AHP methods. For this purpose, in the first step Sarein's urban waste landfill site was selected based on Iran's Department of Environment's criteria with applying the GIS software and AHP method. After overlaying of mentioned-criteria maps, four sites was selected that had maximum score by evaluating of properties of identified sites, one of sites was identified as the first priority by using the SAW method.
Soil Transmitted Helminth Infections among Slum Dwelling Women in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Aims: The objective of this trial was to establish the prevalence and risk factors relating to soiltransmitted helminth (STH) infections among slum dwelling women in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: A total of 100 stool samples were collected from Ganaktuli (Hazaribagh) slum of Dhaka city from March to September 2019. Women aged between 21 to 40 years old were part of this study, and only those who had at least one primary school going child were included. Methodology: The interviewed women were asked to provide their stool samples in the containers supplied by the volunteers, and to fill up a questionnaire regarding their socio-demographic and behavioral practices. Formal Ether Concentration technique was applied to process the stool samples, and detection of helminth eggs was done by microscopy. Results: Of the hundred women, 87 (87%) were infected with at least one STH. Ascaris lumbricoides (41.38%) showed the highest prevalence followed by Trichuris trichiura (36.78%). Working as day laborers, irregular nail clipping, irregular use of soap after defecation, walking Original Research Article Mukutmoni et al.; ARRB, 35(8): 95-101, 2020; Article no.ARRB. 59933 96 barefoot, using open and common toilet, irregular consumption of antihelminthic drugs were noticed as significant risk factors. Conclusion: Soil transmitted helminth infection is still a problem in Bangladesh. Proper drug administration and increase of hygiene practices among the slum dwellers are essential to lessen the high prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infections.
Plasma Physics and Technology

A plasma source based on a microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure is used to produce an oxygen plasma torch. A liquid precursor material is evaporated and injected into the torch through a nozzle, causing oxidization and deposition of silica at a nearby quartz substrate. The temperature generated inside the plasma source and in the plume, in the region of treatment, and at the substrate surface are key parameters, which are needed for process description and optimization of plasma-chemical reactions. Optical emission spectroscopy and thermography were applied to observe and characterize the jet behavior and composition. The experimental results are compared with self-consistent modeling.
Developing a phenomenographic argument for the exit-level prospective teachers’ conceptions about teaching and learning

This study presents a phenomenographic argument regarding Turkish prospective teachers (PTs) beliefs about teaching and learning that vary depending on their experiences. A phenomenographic research study was conducted to capture and interpret the PTs documentations regarding the conception of instruction. The participants were 54 senior pre-service student teachers. Qualitative data were gathered through phenomenographic interviewing. The data were analysed interpretatively, and categories of description were derived to establish an outcome space for supporting the phenomenographic argument. The outcome space incorporates three hierarchical levels of the PTs conceptions of teaching and learning: subject-centred teaching, individual-centred learning, and learner-centred teaching-learning. It turned out that the PTs held considerably conventional, idealistic teaching and learning conceptions. Moreover, there was a sharp distinction between the individual-centred and learner-centred conceptions of the participant PTs. Concrete recommendations for teacher preparation are offered to enhance the PTs shallow conceptions of teaching and learning.
Comparative Study of Model-Based and Learning-Based Disparity Map Fusion Methods

Comparative Study of Model-Based and Learning-Based Disparity Map Fusion Methods Douglas Kerr, Jr. Creating an accurate depth map has several, valuable applications including augmented/virtual reality, autonomous navigation, indoor/outdoor mapping, object segmentation, and aerial topography. Current hardware solutions for precise 3D scanning are relatively expensive. To combat hardware costs, software alternatives based on stereoscopic images have previously been proposed. However, software solutions are less accurate than hardware solutions, such as laser scanning, and are subject to a variety of irregularities. Notably, disparity maps generated from stereo images typically fall short in cases of occlusion, near object boundaries, and on repetitive texture regions or texture-less regions. Several post-processing methods are examined in an effort to combine strong algorithm results and alleviate erroneous disparity regions. These methods include basic statistical combinations, histogram-based voting, edge detection guidance, support vector machines (SVMs), and bagged trees. Individual errors and average errors are compared between the newly introduced fusion methods and the existing disparity algorithms. Several acceptable solutions are identified to bridge the gap between 3D scanning and stereo imaging. It is shown that fusing disparity maps can result in lower error rates than individual algorithms across the dataset while maintaining a high level of robustness.
“Save the climate! Stop the oil”: Actual protest behavior and core framing tasks in the Portuguese climate movement

In this article, we focus on two demonstrations against climate change that took place in Portugal on the 12th of November 2016 and the 29th of April 2017. Two separate studies were conducted on the same protests. In Study 1, we conducted a quantitative study (N = 259), to examine the role of socio-demographics and socio-psychological predictors in predicting the actual protest. Participants were demonstrators (N = 158), as well as non-demonstrators (N = 101). Results indicated that moral motivation and identification as an environmentalist were the key variables in explaining actual protest. In Study 2, we conducted a framing analysis of the written manifestos (N = 2), to identify the core framing tasks which were used to inspire and legitimize the protests. The framing analysis suggests that the problems and paths for action were described by appealing to the interlinkage between the global and local dimensions of climate change, and that arguments of severity and urgency of the problem were the most salient. The implications of this research are discussed in relation to possible pathways for a more comprehensive understanding of the reasons why people engage in collective action in climate change related issues, and how these motives may relate to how social movements mobilize people for action.