Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
State-of-Charge Estimation of Battery Pack under Varying Ambient Temperature Using an Adaptive Sequential Extreme Learning Machine

An adaptive online sequential extreme learning machine (AOS-ELM) is proposed to predict the state-of-charge of the battery cells at different ambient temperatures. With limited samples and sequential data for training during the initial design stage, conventional neural network training gives higher errors and longer computing times when it maps the available inputs to SOC. The use of AOS-ELM allows a gradual increase in the dataset that can be time-consuming to obtain during the initial stage of the neural network training. The SOC prediction using AOS-ELM gives a smaller root mean squared error in testing (and small standard deviation in the trained results) and reasonable training time as compared to other types of ELM-based learnings and gradient-based machine learning. In addition, the subsequent identification of the cells’ static capacity and battery parameters from actual experiments is not required to estimate the SOC of each cell and the battery stack.
First Aid Willingness Questionnaire for Schoolchildren: An Exploratory Factor Analysis and Correlation Study

The goal of this study was to explore the factor structure of the First Aid Willingness Questionnaire and determine its correlations and associations between sociodemographic and sport-related variables. A total of 413 adolescents participated in this study (mean age = 14.2 years). They consisted of 221 boys and 193 girls. Besides sociodemographic and sport-related questions, the First Aid Willingness Questionnaire was used to understand the student’s first aid attitudes. The exploratory factor analysis revealed a four-factor model. The first factor was named first aid willingness for peers, which includes willingness to help friends and family members. The second factor contained factors to help strangers; thus, it was named first aid willingness for strangers. The analysis revealed a third factor that assessed the students’ knowledge of first aid. The last factor contained the students’ negative emotions. The correlation between the factors showed that knowledge had a positive association with all the other factors. Adolescents’ willingness to help their peers was highly associated with helping strangers, but negative emotions had a negative correlation with helping unknown people. Sport-related variables were investigated to determine the effects on first aid attitudes. Even though sport seemed to increase first aid willingness, future studies need to explore its associations. We believe that a deeper understanding of this topic could help prevent serious injuries or death in emergencies.
Research on infrared image segmentation and fusion of substation based on modified unit‐linking‐pulse coupled neural networks and affine speeded up robust feature

Aiming at the problem of fault point temperature reading and positioning, target device segmentation, and fault point matching fusion in infrared warning system of substation inspection robot, MUL‐PCNN and ASURF are applied to realizing accurate fusion between the fault area in infrared image and visual image. The experimental results show that this method has certain value in the aspect of infrared image segmentation and fusion of substation.
Double-Resonance Two-Photon Spectroscopy of Hydrogen Molecular Ions for Improved Determination of Fundamental Constants

A spectroscopy scheme is proposed for the detection of the two-photon rotational transition (<italic>v</italic>, <italic>L</italic>) = (0, 0) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\to $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (0, 2) and the two-photon rovibrational transition (<italic>v</italic>, <italic>L</italic>) = (0, 0) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\to $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (2, 0) of cold trapped HD<sup>+</sup> ions by dissociation. The two-photon line shapes are calculated using a rate equation model. The resolution is at the 10<sup>−13</sup> level. The lightshift for selected hyperfine components of the two-photon transitions is evaluated using the two-photon operator formalism. The experimental accuracy with two-photon transitions of trapped HD<sup>+</sup> ions is estimated at the 10<sup>−12</sup> level, which corresponds also to the accuracy of the theoretical calculations. The comparison of experimental data and theoretical calculations for HD<sup>+</sup> and H<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> transitions may lead to an independent determination of the Rydberg constant, the proton-to-electron mass ratio, and the deuteron-to-proton mass ratio. It may provide a measurement of the proton and deuteron radii by the molecular spectroscopy. Depending on possible issues of the proton radius puzzle in atomic spectroscopy, two-photon spectroscopy of hydrogen molecular ions may lead to an improvement of the determination of the proton-to-electron mass ratio and deuteron-to-proton mass ratio at the 10<sup>−12</sup> level.
Step-by-Step Multi-Ship Collision Avoidance Navigation Path Planning Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to combine path planning with navigation rules in the process of multi-ship collision avoidance in wide waters, a step-by-step multi-ship collision avoidance path planning algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the obstacle ship is regarded as a static obstacle, and the static path planning is carried out by using the particle swarm optimization path planning algorithm in polar coordinate space combined with the field of ship safety to obtain the turning point of ship collision avoidance. Then, the steering angle of the steering point is dynamically corrected by using the navigation rules. The experimental results show that the particle swarm optimization algorithm finds an optimal path in about 35 iterations, and the shortest path is 38.4 n miles. Conclusion. The algorithm can solve the problem of multi-ship collision avoidance path planning and provide a new idea for solving the problem of multi-ship collision avoidance.
Effect of Freezing Wheat Dough Enriched with Calcium Salts with/without Inulin on Bread Quality

Bread is a popular food that is widely consumed worldwide but has a short shelf life. Besides that, when incorporating prebiotics and calcium, aging mechanisms accelerate, further shortening the shelf-life. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of freezing storage on the rheological (loss tangent, tan δ) and thermal (glass transition temperature, Tg) properties of unfrozen dough, the fermentation times (tf), and the baking quality of wheat bread fortified with calcium and inulin. Formulations studied included wheat flour (control-C), flour with 1800 ppm Ca (calcium carbonate-CA, calcium citrate-CI or calcium lactate-LA), and flour with 2400 ppm Ca and 12% inulin (calcium carbonate-CA-In, calcium citrate-CI-In or calcium lactate-LA-In). Doughs were stored at −18 °C for 1, 7, 30 and 60 days. After storage, the rheological (oscillatory rheometry and texture profile analysis) and thermomechanical properties of the thawed doughs were measured. The quality parameters of breads determined consisted of specific volume (Vs), color, moisture, firmness, elasticity, and alveoli size characterization. Dough freezing neither changed viscoelasticity (tan δ) nor decreased hardness and adhesiveness up to the values observed for fresh wheat dough. The Tg of dough with calcium carbonate increased, while for samples with organic calcium salts, it (citrate and lactate) decreased. The tf of thawed dough significantly increased. The Vs of all breads did not change during the first 30 days but decreased after freezing the dough for 60 days (p < 0.05), probably due to the death of the yeasts. Crumb moisture decreased over time, and in all cases crumb C had the highest moisture content, suggesting a dehydration effect of the calcium salt. The firmness of CA, LA and C crumbs were similar and higher than that of CI (p < 0.05), suggesting a destabilizing effect of CI anion on gluten proteins. Inulin contributed to the depreciation of bread quality, mainly at 60 days of dough freezing storage. It can be concluded that during freezing storage, calcium improves the dynamic elasticity of the dough, although under extreme conditions it generates loaves of smaller volume. Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 66.5% of total variance. Principal component 1 (PC1) was associated with dough properties, and accounted for 44.8% of the total variance. In turn, PC2 was mainly related to baking quality parameters (fermentation time, browning index, firmness and springiness of crumbs), and explained 21.7% of the total variance. Fortification with calcium citrate should be recommended for dough freezing, as breads with softer crumbs were obtained under such conditions.
Gene–Environment Correlation over Time: A Longitudinal Analysis of Polygenic Risk Scores for Schizophrenia and Major Depression in Three British Cohorts Studies

Research suggests that both genetic and environmental risk factors are involved in the aetiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Importantly, environmental and genetic risk factors are often related as evidenced in gene–environment correlation (rGE), which describes the observation that genetic and environmental factors are associated with each other. It is understood that rGE gets stronger over time as individuals select their environments more actively based on their genetic propensities. However, little is known whether rGEs remain stable over time or change across different development periods. Using data from three British longitudinal cohorts, we investigated whether rGE patterns of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SCZ and MDD changed over time across childhood and adulthood, as well as across both from birth to age 55 and whether results differed between SCZ and MDD. Overall, the majority of rGEs remained stable across the investigated development periods. Furthermore, the few detected rGE changes which did differ between SCZ and MDD, could not be explained by the confounding of clinical cases and are therefore likely the result of actual changes in environmental and cultural risk factors with genetic susceptibility to SCZ and MDD likely playing a less significant role.
Circular Speeds: A Review of Fast & Slow Sustainable Design Approaches for Fashion & Textile Applications

Abstract In this paper, developed by a group of design researchers at UAL, we define circular design in the context of a sustainable fashion system and consider how a polarisation of thinking in relation to “speeds” has occurred. By reflecting on the practice outcomes produced as part of the Textile Toolbox in Mistra Future Fashion (MFF) Phase 1, we question the idea of “circular speeds” for textile design and analyse concepts which relate to “super-slow” and “fast-forward” approaches. The MFF programme’s cross-disciplinary approach brings together design and scientific researchers with industry experts in a bid to understand and recognise the potential for design in creating a circular fashion future at multiple lifecycle speeds. We review the historical context of “slow” before presenting contemporary case studies from industry which relate to one of three key approaches defined as a framework for “super-slow” design. We also review the current context of “fast” before presenting contemporary case studies from industry which point towards the potential for redefining the “fast” context in fashion by relating it to circular strategies and material recovery possibilities. Again these themes are presented in a framework of three key approaches for “fast-forward” design. Finally, we bring together the analysis of both fast and slow and a single proposition for designing for the circular economy and as a starting point for the work to be developed by the design researchers. We discuss synergies and trade offs between the approaches and suggest a middle ground for future investigation. Through this process we aim to generate insights about design that can be applied and tested by others. By reviewing current industry approaches and activity alongside academic design research, we propose a useful framework to demonstrate that the lens of speed can offer new opportunities towards a more sustainable industry.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Crystal Structure, DFT, Hirshfeld Surface and Molecular Docking Analysis of Hexahydroquinoline Derivative (HQ)

Abstract The synthesis of a HQ derivative using a one-pot multicomponent synthesis is reported. Single crystal X-Ray diffraction at 293 K was used to characterize the material, which was then investigated theoretically using the DFT method. The 3 D Hirshfeld surface and 2 D fingerprint plots were created and linked with the XRD results to elucidate intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice. In addition, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H, and 13 C were used to support the synthesis. Theoretical data calculated via DFT/6-311++G(d,p) level, matched to experimental single crystal X-ray diffraction bond lengths and bond angle parameters, NMR and FT-IR spectra, coincides with experimental data. The time dependent (TD-DFT) results correlates with the experimental electronic absorption measurements. Mulliken population analysis, Molecular Electrostatic Potential analysis (MEP), and Electron Localization Function (ELF) study were also performed. TD-DFT and HOMO/LUMO computations were used to examine the electron transport. Molecular docking using 7 protein receptors and drug Likeness were used to find the best ligand-protein interactions.
Enhanced sparse regularization for structural damage detection based on statistical moment sensitivity of structural responses

A novel structural damage identification technique based on enhanced sparse (ℓ1/2) regularization is proposed, which is integrated with the fourth‐order statistical moment of dynamic response and its sensitivity matrix. ℓ2, ℓ1, and ℓ1/2 regularization schemes are derived and compared for structural damage identification, respectively. It is found that ℓ2 regularization needs more iterations for convergence and cannot obtain sparse damage solution well. ℓ1 regularization is better than ℓ2 on efficiency and accuracy, but it is more sensitive to noise than ℓ2 and ℓ1/2 regularizations. ℓ1/2 regularization has the sparsest solution among three regularization methods for structural damage identification and also needs much less iterations than ℓ2 and ℓ1 regularizations. Two numerical examples of a simply supported beam and a shear‐type frame are implemented to demonstrate that ℓ1/2 performs the best on accuracy, efficiency, and steady when compared with ℓ2 and ℓ1 regularizations. Experimental results for a three‐story frame also verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed damage identification technique.
Situated agency: How LGBTQ youth navigate and create queer(ed) space

Abstract Research on LGBTQ + youth often portrays them as either as victims whose lives are defined by violence and discrimination, or as inspirational success stories whose ability to thrive is attributable to external interventions and policies. Drawing on theories of situated agency, minority stress, and queer monstrosity, this participatory qualitative interview project with LGBTQ + young adults illustrates instead how LGBTQ + youth actively shape their coming-of-age experiences and develop unique strategies to survive and thrive in the spaces they occupy. Rather than wholly traumatic or ecstatic, most participants reported mixed experiences with varying support from the people and spaces they encountered. Youth had to regularly engage in the labor of evaluating and responding to this mixed support and mistreatment in everyday situations and relationships. Based on these evaluations participants reported self-regulating their sexual and gender identities and behaviors, shifting tactics between spaces, seeking out and creating queer spaces, embracing their own difference, and engaging in direct resistance. Implications for research and practice suggest that refusing to center deficit-based narratives and recognizing the full range of young people’s queer expressions will produce a more accurate picture of LGBTQ + coming of age and the supports that allow more youth to thrive.
Sex-specific Association of Primary Aldosteronism With Visceral Adiposity

Abstract Context The association between primary aldosteronism and obesity, especially its sex difference, remains unknown. Objective To assess the association for each subtype of primary aldosteronism with obesity parameters including visceral adipose tissue and differences between sexes. Methods In this case-control study, 4 normotensive controls were selected for each case with primary aldosteronism. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between each type of primary aldosteronism and obesity indicators. We used a random forest to identify which visceral or subcutaneous tissue areas had a closer association with disease status. Results The study subjects included 42 aldosterone-producing adenoma cases (22 women) and 68 idiopathic hyperaldosteronism cases (42 women). In multivariable conditional logistic regressions, aldosterone-producing adenoma was significantly associated with body mass index only in men (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI)], 4.62 [1.98-10.80] per 2.89 kg/m2) but not in women (OR [95% CI], 1.09 [0.69-1.72] per 3.93 kg/m2) compared with the matched controls, whereas idiopathic hyperaldosteronism was associated with body mass index in both men (OR [95% CI], 3.96 [2.03-7.73] per 3.75 kg/m2) and women (OR [95% CI], 2.65 [1.77-3.96] per 3.85 kg/m2) compared with the matched controls. In random forests, visceral adipose tissue areas were the better predictor of both aldosterone-producing adenoma and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism than subcutaneous adipose tissue. Conclusions Aldosterone-producing adenoma cases were obese among men, but not among women. Idiopathic hyperaldosteronism cases were obese among both men and women. Visceral adipose tissue may contribute to the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism.
Cultivating Effective Marketing Student Teams: Making Instructors’ Tacit Theories Visible

Teamwork skills are important contributors to classroom learning outcomes and graduate employability. Although much has been reported in the literature about the components and characteristics of effective marketing student teams, less is known about how such knowledge is conceptualized and cultivated by frontline marketing instructors. This study applies a perspective of tacit theory to in-depth interviews with frontline instructors in undergraduate marketing courses. Our findings, summarized in a framework of adaptive cultivation of effective teams (ACET), highlight how instructors perceive effective teamwork as a dynamic interaction between three interwoven components of team effectiveness (team composition, team member behavior, and team culture) and adjust their interventions across these components. Overall, this study uncovers instructors’ tacit theories of cultivating effective marketing student teams, and how these tacit theories impact in-class practices.
The Correlation between Enterprise Internal Control Quality and Research and Development Investment Intensity

Innovation is the driving force behind enterprise development. Improving the quality of the internal control of enterprises and increasing the intensity of R&D investment are important ways to enhance the level of scientific and technological innovation. Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2019, in this paper, we empirically examine the correlation between the quality of internal control and the intensity of R&D investment by using the level of corporate cash holdings as an intermediary variable. We find that high internal control quality can improve cash-holding level and that improving cash-holding level will increase R&D investment intensity. That is, cash-holding level has a mediating effect between internal control quality and R&D investment intensity, while internal control quality can have a direct or indirect positive effect on R&D investment. Accordingly, this study has important theoretical significance and practical value for enterprises that seek to promote R&D innovation and improve their internal control.
Communication Aspects of a Modified Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Algorithm

This paper investigates the ability of modified cooperative adaptive cruise control to support high-density car platooning. We first use a simplistic communication model to study the impact of actuation lag, message periodicity, and communication delay on the minimum feasible inter-car spacing. We then use a detailed IEEE 802.11p simulation model to evaluate platooning performance in realistic highway scenarios. Different highway traffic intensities are simulated to observe the impact of increasing contention on the wireless channel with two different transceiver configurations: a single-transceiver operating on the common safety channel and a dual-transceiver operating, simultaneously, on the common safety channel and a dedicated service channel.
A systematic review of the experiences of autistic young people enrolled in mainstream second-level (post-primary) schools

Internationally, there is a growing trend towards the inclusion of autistic pupils within mainstream schools. However, concerns have been expressed regarding this policy roll-out preceding empirical evidence demonstrating effective outcomes for autistic students. Concerns have also been expressed regarding the absence of the voices of autistic pupils themselves within research and policy literature. This review seeks to synthesise evidence from qualitative studies relating to the experiences and perspectives of autistic young people enrolled in mainstream second-level or post-primary education. Searches were carried out on three bibliographic databases: Education Research Complete, Education Resources Information Centre and PsychInfo. One thousand sixty-three studies were identified through a combination of database and hand searches of which 33 met the inclusion criteria for the review. Data were synthesised using ‘thematic synthesis’ and the validity of included studies was assessed using the ‘Critical Appraisal Skills Programme’ (CASP) checklist. Thematic synthesis resulted in the development of three analytical themes: ‘Demands of mainstream placements’, ‘Social participation’ and ‘Impacts on the student’. Our analysis revealed that for many autistic young people, mainstream school is a complex and demanding social environment. Further research conducted in partnership with this cohort is essential as inclusive policy and practice continues to develop. Lay abstract Internationally, more autistic pupils are being educated in mainstream schools. Some people have voiced concerns that this policy roll-out is happening before examining the effective outcomes for autistic students. Concerns have also been expressed regarding a lack of the voices of autistic pupils themselves within research and policy. This study was undertaken in order to gather literature that explores the views and experiences of autistic young people in relation to their mainstream school placement at the secondary level. This study aims to summarise the existing literature and provide a new, more complete account of the school experiences of this cohort. After an extensive search, 33 studies were identified by the authors as meeting a set of inclusion criteria. All of the studies included in this review elicited the views and perspectives of at least one autistic young person regarding their mainstream secondary school placement. Upon carefully analysing these studies, the authors developed three key themes as follows: ‘Demands of mainstream placements’, ‘Social participation’ and ‘Impacts on the student’. Our analysis revealed that for many autistic young people, mainstream school is a complex and demanding social environment. Further research that prioritises the voices and perspectives of this cohort is essential as inclusive policy and practice continues to develop.