Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ticks and mange mites infesting camels of Boran pastoral areas and the associated risk factors, southern Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted on selected camel herds of Borana lowland, southern Ethiopia. From a total of 560 camels examined, 97.7 and 25.9% were found infested with ticks of various species and Sarcoptes species. A total of 4636 adult tick species were collected from half-body regions of selected camels. The tick species identified and their relative abundance were as follows: Rhipicephalus pulchellus(69.6%), Amblyomma gemma (12.4), Hyalomma dromedarii (10.8%), Boophilus decoloratus (4.2%), Amblyomma variegatum (2.6%) and Amblyomma lepidum(0.4%). Sarcoptes species was the only mange mites observed during this study in Borana lowland. The overall half-body region observed mean tick burden was 48.4 ticks/camel. The total half-body regions mean tick burden was significantly higher in young males (1 to 3 years of age) with poor body conditions, large herd size (greater than 40 camels) and IN wet season. Also mixing camels with sheep and goats, and cattle significantly affect the mean half-body tick burden of camels. However, the impact of ticks and mange mites on host camel and the environment was not measured during this study; it was concluded that the number and species of infesting ticks and mange mites encountered were significant enough to pose a potential health hazard. Further research work on the seasonal pattern, biology and vector role for the ticks should be carried out in Borana lowland. Key words: Ticks, risk factors, Boran, Ethiopia.
A Highly Integrated 400–800 MHz Spectrum Sensing System Based on Envelope Detection

A spectrum sensing system is designed and implemented using $0.18~{\mu }\text{m}$ CMOS technology for cognitive radio applications. This system consists of a low noise amplifier (LNA), a mixer, a low-pass filter (LPF), a rectifier, a voltage comparator, a digital control unit (DCU) and a frequency synthesizer. Based on envelope detection, spectrum sensing is performed from 401.569 to 802.745 MHz, where the frequency information and signal strength of the received signal can be presented by the 10-bit digital frequency output and 5-bit signal strength index, respectively. The system achieves the sensing time of 0.164 sec and sensing sensitivity of −75 dBm with the frequency resolution of 392.2 kHz.
Effects of green tea natural extract on quality parameters and lipid oxidation during storage of tench (Tinca tinca) fillets

Summary The study investigated the effects of two levels of green tea extract (GTE) on common quality parameters and lipid oxidation of tench fillets for up to 7 days of refrigerated (+2°C) and 45 days of frozen storage (−25°C). Sixty-eight tench (93.2 ± 25.7 g) were killed by live chilling (water : ice ratio = 1 : 1; T = 2–4°C) and then filleted. Four fillets were set aside (not treated, NT) while the remaining were divided into four groups which were treated with a sprayed-on solution of: distilled water/ethanol 95% v/v mixture (control group, C); ascorbic acid (AA); and two levels of GTE (0.05% w/v GTE5 and 0.1% w/v GTE10, respectively). Tested were fillet quality parameters (pH, colour, fillets texture and water holding capacity), chemical composition, and lipid oxidation products. Moreover, in NT and refrigerated fillets the total viable counts, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. , yeast and moulds microorganisms were assessed. Results showed that GTE at both levels had no negative effects on pH, colour, texture or free water, with results comparable to AA used as a reference synthetic antioxidant. At 7 days of refrigeration, the GTE-treated fillets showed a similar antioxidant capacity of synthetic AA in retarding lipid oxidation. In frozen samples, the best results were obtained by GTE5 treatment while GTE10 seemed to exert a pro-oxidant effect. No significant inhibitory effects of GTE were observed in the microbiological parameters.
Understanding the Efficacy of Supervisor to Subordinate Feedback of Military Personnel - A Qualitative Study

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of individuals in a small sized military unit in regards to feedback. Specifically, the current perception of feedback from supervisors to employees was examined with focus on the areas of timeliness and effectiveness. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of the current supervisory feedback situation to determine whether or not feedback standards and expectations were being met. Where gaps in the existing feedback process were found, recommendations were given on how to improve. Using a phenomenological approach, the study consisted of interviewing unit members to determine the existence and potential effectiveness of feedback. The research study findings suggested that although there were some positive aspects of feedback within the unit, there were some gaps in areas as perceived by the study participants. Additionally, the results of this study have provided six major themes that supervisors may consider as important to subordinates. Supervisors should consider these themes in the future while formulating and providing feedback: strength/weakness identification, leadership development, frequency & timing, content, authenticity, and feedback method. As part of a plan for improving feedback, a six-prong approach was recommended. This included conducting workshops, having quarterly training, developing a roadmap, creating a tracking system, holding team building events, and allowing for and encouraging self-reflection. This study has provided awareness of both the positive and negative areas within the feedback situation as well as given insight for future supervisors within this organization as to how feedback should be conducted.
Microsatellite loci for genetic research in the hornet Vespa mandarinia and related species

We developed 5 microsatelitte loci in the hornet Vespa mandarinia from RAPD fragments. The 5 loci showed 3–7 alleles in V. mandarinia and many were also polymorphic in the related species, V. ducalis, V. analis, Dolichovespula norvegicoides and Vespula schrenckii. These results suggested the loci will be useful for analyzing genetic structure of Vespinae, at both the colony and population levels.
SISTEMAS DE LABRANZA, INCORPORACIÓN DE ABONO VERDE Y RECUPERACIÓN DE LA FERTILIDAD DE UN YERMOSOL HÁPLICO Tillage Systems, Incorporation of Green Manure, and Fertility Recuperation in a Haplic Yermosol

RESUMEN La adopcion de sistemas de labranza reducida y la utilizacion de abonos verdes en las areas de riego en Mexico se han limitado extremadamente, a pesar de los multiples reportes existentes sobre los beneficios de realizar tales practicas. La preparacion convencional de suelos, consistente en un paso de arado, uno o dos rastreos y la ausencia de incorporacion de residuos, ha propiciado severos grados de degradacion del suelo, en especial en las zonas aridas, donde, de forma natural, la fertilidad es baja, principalmente por el contenido de materia organica. En el presente trabajo, se hace uso de una de las herramientas de analisis estadistico mas sofisticadas para evaluar el efecto de la reduccion de labranza y el abonado verde sobre variables de fertilidad de un Yermosol haplico del noroeste de Mexico. En esta investigacion, se evaluo el efecto de tres sistemas de labranza y la incorporacion de frijol dolichos Dolichos lab lab como abono verde en la recuperacion de las variables de fertilidad en un suelo con pobres caracteristicas nutrimentales, como un contenido inicial de materia organica de 0.4%. A los datos obtenidos se les practico un analisis univariado, el cual mostro, en primera instancia, que la materia organica y el contenido de N, P y K fueron significativamente mayores en un muestreo realizado dos meses despues de la incorporacion del abono verde, comparados con el muestreo previo. Despues
A survey of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in cultured sea bass and its virulence on juveniles of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Moronidae) and gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (Sparidae)

Background. Turkey is one of the major European seed producers of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), and gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758. Determination of susceptibility to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS), a notifiable disease in Europe, is crucial particularly for sea bass and sea bream seed production to develop control measures and to take necessary actions in case of a VHS outbreak. We hypothesized that VHS virus does not replicate at 16°C and above—the temperature range typical for hatcheries in the Aegean region . Materials and methods. To assess the seasonal occurrence and virulence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus genogroup Ie (VHSV-Ie), a virological survey was conducted in cultured sea bass in the Black Sea. Thirty- five sea bass were sampled monthly from a local marine farm, and examined virologically. Triplicate groups of juvenile of sea bass ( n = 30 per replicate or n = 40 per replicate) and gilthead sea bream ( n = 20 per replicate) were challenged by immersion with VHSV-Ie at 12°C and 16°C to determine the occurrence of pathogen trans - fer and viral replication . Results. VHSV-Ie, or any other viral pathogen able to infect BF-2 and CHSE-214 cells, did not occur in cultured sea bass of the Turkish Black Sea region. It was impossible to infect sea bass at 16°C but moderate levels of mortality occurred at 12°C. Sea bream, however, were susceptible to VHSV-Ie, presenting low levels of mortality (15%) . Conclusion. VHSV-Ie poses no risk to the production of sea bass seed carried out at 16°C and above, but sea bass and sea bream should be monitored for VHSV-Ie where ambient water temperature is below 16°C since the risk of introduction is present .
Software package for the management of sequencing projects using lacl transgenic animals

The bacterial lacl gene has been used for many years as a mutational target for the study of the mechanisms of mutation. A wealth of information has been collected for many mutagenic treatments and in strains with diverse DNA repair backgrounds. Recently this gene has been used in the construction of a transgenic mouse, named Big Blue®, and a transgenic rat, as well as a rat cell line. The lacl gene in these animals and cells can conveniently be recovered and analyzed in bacteria. This makes it possible to study mutagenic potential of chemical compounds in vivo using a mammal. Tissue, strain, and gender specificity can be addressed. In addition, mutations recovered from tumour tissues or from animals with specific genetic backgrounds can be analyzed conveniently. The mammalian systems can produce large numbers of mutants that require computer assistance to manage the samples and the resulting DNA sequence data. Accordingly, a computer software system was develped. The system maintains an inventory of bacteriophage lambda lacl mutants and allows entry of mutant sequences while performing accuracy checks on the data. The software features several options for displaying lists of mutants. The system can perform several analyses, including mutant class compilations, mutational spectra comparisons, and clonal expansions analysis. An extensive database obtained from the bacterial lacl system is included with the software and can be analyzed along with mutants derived from transgenic animals. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stage 1 Registered Report: The experiences and perceptions of parent-child interaction therapy for parents of young children with communication difficulties: A qualitative evidence synthesis protocol

Background: Parent-child interaction therapy refers to a group of interventions mediated by trained parents to address areas of developmental difficulties in children. In the field of speech and language therapy it is used in early intervention for children with speech, language and communication difficulties. The intervention involves training parents and caregivers on the importance of responsivity and language input in daily interactions and coaches them on strategies to implement these with the children. As the success of the intervention is heavily influenced by caregiver engagement, understanding and acceptance, it is important to consider their views. However, to date there has been limited work on synthesising parental views of this intervention. Methods: This is a protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis of peer-reviewed qualitative papers addressing the experiences and perceptions of parent-child interaction therapy for parents of children with communication difficulties. We will complete a systematic search of 11 databases, review the reference lists and complete a cited reference search of all included studies. Two authors will independently screen tests for inclusion, initially by title and abstract, with full-text screening as necessary. Thematic synthesis will be used for all included studies. We will appraise the quality of included studies using CASP and confidence in the review findings using GRADE CERQual. Discussion: As the views of parents are pivotal in the success of this intervention, the findings from this synthesis should help to guide best practice and policy for the future implementation of parent child interaction therapy for children with communication difficulties.
Application of the minimum variance monopulse technique to space-time adaptive processing

An adaptive monopulse technique has recently been developed to obtain target direction estimates with minimum error variance. In this paper the 'minimum variance adaptive monopulse' technique (MVAM) is extended to space-time adaptive processing (STAP). Simulations of slow moving targets demonstrate the advantages of using MVAM rather than other space-time adaptive monopulse techniques for the estimation of target direction and Doppler frequency.
Analysis of VRN1 gene in triticale and common wheat genetic background

In cereals, the transition from the vegetative stage to flowering is controlled in the main by the set of vernalization genes. Within these genes the most important role is played by VRN1, which encodes a MADS-box transcription factor, regulating the transition of shoot apical meristem to the reproductive phase. The level of vernalization requirement is strongly linked to the molecular structure of this gene. In this study we analyzed molecular mechanisms regulating the vernalization requirement in triticale on the basis of comparative analysis of the VRN1 locus between triticale (×Triticosecale Witt.) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. We also estimated the influence of VRN genotype on heading time and the winter hardiness of these two species. Molecular markers developed for VRN genotype detection in common wheat were successfully applied to an analysis of triticale genomic DNA. Subsequent analysis of the amplicons nucleotide sequence confirmed full similarity of the products obtained between triticale and common wheat. All winter triticale cultivars tested contained the recessive vrn-A1 allele, whereas all spring genotypes carried the dominant Vrn-A1a allele. Molecular analysis of the Vrn-B1 gene revealed the presence of the dominant Vrn-B1b allele in only one of the triticale genotypes analyzed (Legalo). The major system of determination of the vernalization requirement in triticale was transferred from common wheat without changes and is based on an alteration in the VRN1 gene promoter sequence within the A genome.
Evaluation of the behavioural response of the flies Megaselia halterata and Lycoriella castanescens to different mushroom cultivation materials

A static‐air olfactometer was used to investigate the behavioural responses of adult female phorid [Megaselia halterata (Wood) (Diptera: Phoridae)] and sciarid [Lycoriella castanescens (Lengersdorf) (Diptera: Sciaridae)] flies to the commercial white mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach, grown on a standard pasteurised composted substrate. The attraction of the flies was measured in relation to four test materials: composted substrate spawned with A. bisporus mycelium for 4 days and 14 days, uncolonised composted substrate, and A. bisporus sporophores. The experiment was done according to a 4 × 4 × 4 Latin cube design, and the results were analysed using a generalised linear model. It was found that both the occasion on which a bioassay was run and the position of the olfactometer within a 4 × 4 array could affect the proportion of the fly population responding to a test material. Megalesia halterata preferred spawned compost to unspawned compost, and the level of response to compost spawned for 14 days was greater than to compost spawned for 4 days. In contrast, L. castanescens were attracted equally to all of the materials tested. Overall, L. castanescens showed a greater level of activity than M. halterata, and was more likely to enter the pitfall traps in the olfactometer. For both M. halterata and L. castanescens, the type of test material affected the numbers of adult flies of the F1 generation that emerged from it following oviposition. The highest numbers of emerging M. halterata were obtained from a composted substrate spawned for 4 days, and none emerged from the unspawned compost. Emergence of L. castanescens was highest from the uncolonised composted substrate, and there was a negative relationship between emergence and the amount of mycelium in the composted substrate. The results are consistent with the use of volatiles in the detection of oviposition sites by both species; however, further studies of the materials will be necessary to determine precisely which oviposition cues the insects use.
Heterozygote excess in ancient populations of the critically endangered Dioon caputoi (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from central Mexico

Dioon caputoi is a long-lived cycad known from only four populations that range in size from 50 to 120, mostly adult individuals. Dioon caputoi has the most narrow geographical range of all Dioon spp. (less than 10 km), existing completely within the boundaries of the Tehuacan–Cuicatlan Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. Negative inbreeding values were found in all four populations (FIT = −0.242) and within subpopulations (FIS = −0.379). Only c. 10% of the total genetic variation was partitioned among populations (FST = 0.099). We also found that most mean values of genetic variation (A = 1.91 ± 0.12; P = 78.9 ± 10.2; HE = 0.35 ± 0.01) are within the range reported for other Dioon species with larger populations and with wider geographical ranges. These results support recent findings that rare plant species maintain high levels of genetic diversity. The heterozygote excess found at all loci is discussed in detail from a neutral evolutionary perspective, leaving arguments as working hypotheses for further research. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 158, 436–447.
Stakeholder engagement in wildlife management: Does the public trust doctrine imply limits?

Recent evolution of the wildlife management institution in the United States includes adoption of good governance principles, wherein stakeholders expect and are provided opportunities for input and involvement in making decisions about public wildlife resources. Concurrently and perhaps paradoxically, state wildlife agencies are encouraged to operate with fidelity to the public trust doctrine and the principles of public trust administration, which may require trust administrators (i.e., appointed commissioners and public wildlife managers) to keep trust beneficiaries (i.e., theoretically all citizens, but especially special interests) at arm's length (i.e., restricted from having undue control) with respect to directly influencing decision-making. In addition, public trust administration includes citizens taking responsibility for holding trust administrators accountable and requires government to provide citizens recourse for doing so. In practice, however, accountability typically is achieved through political influence or litigation, both routes antithetical to efficient public trust resource administration. This set of potentially conflicting expectations—practicing good governance through citizens' engagement in wildlife decision-making processes, limiting beneficiaries' direct influence on decisions of trust administrators, and citizens' responsibility for holding trust administrators accountable—creates an apparent conundrum for state wildlife agencies. As a catalyst for deliberation about the implications of public trust doctrine in the wildlife profession, we describe potential problems and suggest ways for public wildlife managers to perform their responsibilities with due diligence to the combined expectations and requirements of good governance and the public trust doctrine. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Bus Travel Time Prediction Based on Ensemble Learning Methods

Buses have become indispensable in urban transportation systems, especially in developing countries. The prediction of bus travel time can provide essential information for passengers to coordinate their trip plans. By combining several prediction algorithms, ensemble learning methods have shown great potential for improving prediction accuracy in many research fields. In this article, ensemble learning methods are used to predict bus travel times. First, a novel feature-selection algorithm, Boruta, is introduced to select the appropriate input features for predicting bus travel time. The algorithm can quantify the importance of each feature and identify those that are important for the prediction. Second, we illustrate the ensemble learning methods in detail, including the bagging, boosting, and stacking methods. The representative algorithm of each category of methods is presented and utilized to study the prediction problem. Finally, a case study is conducted based on real-world data. Twenty original features are analyzed using the Boruta algorithm, and two are filtered out. Besides the ensemble learning algorithms, we also choose some other classical algorithms to predict the bus travel time. The results show that the boosting and stacking algorithms outperform other algorithms in terms of prediction accuracies.
Checklist of the Cnidaria Medusozoa of Brazil

Uma lista dos Cnidaria Medusozoa marinhos do Brasil foi composta a partir de registros de ocorrencia disponiveis na literatura. Ate o momento, ha um total de 373 especies registradas para o Brazil: 347 de Hydrozoa, 3 de Cubozoa e 23 de Scyphozoa.
ATTACHMENT AND PROLIFERATION OF RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL CELLS ON SMALL INTESTINE SUBMUCOSA POWDER IMPREGNATED POLY(L-LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE) FILM

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) closely interacts with photoreceptors in the maintenance of visual function. The native RPEs exist as a monolayer structure and have a mottled brown color due to the presence of melanin and other pigments including lipofuscin granules, which accumulate with age. In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), RPE's dysfunction and changes in Bruch's membrane occur. Thus, small intestine submucosa/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (SIS/PLGA) film is a biomimetic transplant consisting of a layer of healthy RPE cells cultured on a support membrane. The goals of this study were to evaluate the effects of attachment and proliferation of RPEs on SIS/PLGA films. Porcine SIS is an acellular tissue and widely used as a biomaterial without immunorejection responses, whereas PLGA is a biodegradable synthetic polymer with acceptable mechanical strength and well-controlled degradation rate. We fabricated SIS/PLGA films using 20 wt% of SIS. We measured MTT to confirm cellular adhesion of cell number attached on film at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Morphology of cellular adhesion on films was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy at 1, 3, and 7 days. Further, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted to confirm messenger RNA expression of RPE65 as RPE's marker and expression of cytokeratin, and RPE65 were determined by AEC immunocytochemical staining. These results suggest that SIS provides suitable surface to RPEs.