Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fintech Credit and the Financial Risk of AI

The promise of artificial intelligence and related financial technologies in revolutionizing how financial institutions operate and in broadening access to financial products and services continues to capture the imagination. This has been particularly true as fintechs and banks are increasingly harnessing AI underwriting and alternative data in their lending programs. The benefits of these new techniques are that they can arguably capture a more accurate picture of a borrower’s ability to repay. This is compared to incumbent credit scoring models that rely heavily on a more limited set of indicators, often disadvantaging demographic groups that already struggle financially. Through the use of alternative data and sophisticated algorithms, proponents aim to bank the unbanked and underbanked. Yet, the use of AI in credit markets has downsides—it can increase financial risk. This chapter describes the use of AI and alternative data in credit underwriting, including through the use of data collected from publicly available securities filings made by the nation’s largest bank holding companies and most prominent fintech lending firms. In doing so, I raise black box concerns inherent in these credit products and compare these to the pre-2008 subprime mortgage market. The project concludes with observations related to the potential for future systemic risk and by offering a preemptive path forward.
Computational Buckling of a Three-Lobed Crosection Cylindrical Shell with Variable Thickness under Combined Compression and Bending Loads

The objective of this paper is to study the elastic buckling characteristics of an axially loaded cylindrical shell of a three lobed cross section of variable thickness subjected to combined compression and bending loads based on the thin-shell theory and using the computational transfer matrix method. Modal displacements of the shell can be described by trigonometric functions and Fourier’s approach is used to separate the variables. The governing equations of the shell are reduced to eight first-order differential equations with variable coefficients in the circumferential coordinate, and by using the transfer matrix of the shell, these equations can be written in a matrix differential equation. The transfer matrix is derived from the non-linear differential equations of the cylindrical shells by introducing the trigonometric function in the longitudinal direction and applying a numerical integration in the circumferential direction. The computational transfer matrix method is used to get the critical buckling loads and the buckling deformations for symmetrical and antisymmetrical buckling-modes. Computed results indicate the sensitivity of the critical loads and corresponding buckling modes to the thickness variation of cross-section and the radius variation at lobed corners of the shell.
Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) Security and Privacy Issues: A Survey

With the growing number of patients and at the same time relative growth in wireless technology has made the wireless body sensor networks (WBSN) boom in the market. WBSN allows its users to access the body sensor data and resources anywhere in the world with the help of the Internet. It will help in reducing the treatment cost, providing efficient services, better analysis reports and faster access to treatment. But though there are so many benefits, security and privacy of data remain a major concern. So, in this paper, we have discussed WBSN and its architecture thoroughly. We have also discussed the security and privacy issues, proposed solutions to the respective security issues and described the kind of authentication scheme used. Additionally, we have compared the existing paper related to the WBSN authentication type in the tabular form.
Challenges & Requirements of Christian Kokborok Music Irrespective with Mood Classification Systems and Generation of Mood Taxonomy & Sentiment Word Dictionary for Kokborok

Kokborok is a Bodo Garo group of Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the state of northeast India and other countries like Myanmar Bhutan etc. During the era of 1932 to 1988, the Christian community has intensive analysis on Christianity in Kokborok people living in Tripura. Some research on this language has been done so far from the linguistic point of view. But there is a difference between the analysis of the language based on the literature and study based on the cultural foundations like finding characteristic of Christian Kokborok music. Some of the examples of the music research areas are music mood classification, music genre classification, music recommendation system. In this paper, we observed the Challenges regarding music mood classification for Christian Kokborok Music and proposed a mood taxonomy for Kokborok music. We show the partial sentiment dictionary which consists of sentimental words of the Bible along with their polarity and moods. And in the present task, we give the statistics of the top 700 frequently appeared sentimental words with their mood class and polarity level. This research is also helping any non-Kokborok background person to understand the requirements and the resources for the mood classification system for Kokborok music.
Sarc-M: Sarcasm Detection in Typo-graphic Memes

Detecting sarcastic tone, which conveys a sharp, bitter, or cutting expression, remark or taunt in natural language is tricky even for humans, making its automated detection more arduous. The growing use of typo-graphic images, that is text represented as an image further characterizes the power of expressiveness in online social data. This research proffers a model Sarc-M, a sarcastic meme predictor, for sarcasm detection in typo-graphic memes using supervised learning based on lexical, pragmatic and semantic features. The learning model is evaluated using five different classifiers and the results are evaluated using a balanced dataset of typo-graphic images, called MemeBank, scrapped from Instagram. The contribution of the research is two-fold, firstly, typo-graphic text is extracted using optical character recognizer and then analyzed for sarcasm and secondly for detecting sarcasm the need of contextual information is explored, that is, contextual cues such as frequency of punctuations and sentiment words are considered as features. The best sarcasm prediction model for typo-graphic memes is built using Multi Layer perceptron which achieves an accuracy of approximately 88%.
Speed Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor Using Switching Table-Based Direct Torque Control Technique

In this paper, speed control of three-phase induction motor using switching-tablebased Direct Torque Controlled (ST-DTC) technique is simulated inMATLAB/SIMULINK environment and its performance is studied with step change inload torque. The electromagnetic torque response, speed tracking performances andstator flux trajectory for different value of speeds and torques are obtained and theresults are presented. The simulation results show a better dynamic performance of theinduction motor when using the proposed ST-DTC in comparison with a fixed PIcontroller. Also, the ST-DTC has improved the speed control of the IM over a widerange of operating conditions.
Automatic Data Transfer Using SMS and Its Application in Telehealth Technologies

Health is the primary concern of every human being. With the advancements in technology, its applications in enhancing the medical industry (telehealth) brought the two worlds closer. The rural parts of the country till date, are not equipped with excellent medical facilities and functional mobile data connectivity. WiFi facilities are available only in select few places. This paper discusses the development of a prototype where the vitals of the patient (temperature, pulse, and ECG) are detected and stored in a database and ThingSpeak cloud. The prototype also provides image processing techniques on digital X-Ray images to help the doctors in diagnosing the patients more efficiently.
Dynamic Substitution for Selling Multiple Products under Supply and Demand Uncertainties

Substitution is a commonly adopted strategy for matching the demand mix by appropriately allocating the supplies. The recent development of information technology has allowed firms to easily swap products to meet consumers’ preferences. When formulating substitution policies, firms have to take into account the supply and demand conditions, as well as the cost and benefit of substitution. We formulate a dynamic model, in which the firm replenishes the product inventories from uncertain sources and dynamically allocates the available products to meet the uncertain demands with the flexibility of substitution. To address the analytical challenge associated with multi‐product management, we develop a heuristic algorithm that leverages the value of substitution, while allowing separability of future profit among the products. This heuristic algorithm iteratively solves a transportation problem in a network with the reverse Monge property. The application of the reverse Monge property allows us to deal with general substitution structures, which generalizes the commonly studied downward substitution models. Given the product inventories, the derived allocation policy is asymptotically optimal when the firm can frequently remix the products to fulfill the received demands. Through an extensive numerical analysis, we demonstrate that the heuristic policy yields good performance measured by the percentage profit gap from an upper bound problem. We also show that substitution can generate significant benefits when the supply capacities are moderate, the supply and demand uncertainties are high, or the replenishment cycle is short.
Balanced Scheme for Faster Authentication and Resilient Security in Vertical Handoff

The existing solution of channel and communication protection while performing vertical handoff is less capable to withstand potential threat. Not only this, it also results in significant forms of computational burden and increased authentication latency owing to the usage of either complex or flawed cryptographic protocols. The existing literatures were reviewed to find that studies towards faster handoff don’t converge with the studies towards secure handoff at any point. Hence, a novel mathematical modeling is introduced where core emphasize was to reduce the computational burden of the encryption scheme during vertical handoff scheme with a mobile user migrating from WLAN to CDMA network. It was achieved without compromising with the security strength of the proposed authentication policy and offered a good balance between faster authentication and robust secure communication. The study outcome was found to offer superior authentication time in contrast to existing extensible transport layer security.
Study the Bioprinting Process in Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Fields

3D bioprinting is faster and more accurate than ever it has been in biomedical and tissue engineering. The facility to quickly generate multiple iterations of a physical evaluation model through 3D ptinting can dramatically reduce product development times, allowing medical designers to explore more variations and eliminate failures faster. These techniques are helping medical educators create detailed anatomical models, letting surgeons devise more ergonomic and patients-specific surgical tools, also helping device manufactures compress their time to market. Using 3D bioprinting in medical field is quite complex task which implies a multidisciplinary approach and very good knowledge of engineering as well as medicine. In this study we will discuss various types of 3D bioprinter and their functionality in biomedical fields.
Summary of the 7th Workshop on Metallization and Interconnection for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

The 7th Workshop on Metallization and Interconnection for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells took place in October 2017. Through presentations and discussions, it was evident that progress in the field is continuing at a fast pace. The limits of screen printing metallization are being pushed further through innovations in screens and process to finger width below 40 µm while keeping high aspect ratio and industrial applicability, and new screen printing pastes enable the introduction of advanced cell structures. While there does not seem to be much push anymore towards using plated metallization in today’s mainstream cell technology, it is being further improved and used as a key enabler for future cell and module technologies for very high power PV panels. Passivated contacts is an intensively researched topic and progress was reported towards industrial implementation. In the field of cell interconnection, a drop-in replacement to SnPb solder was introduced, while emerging disruptive interconnection technologies were seen to progress well, particularly multiwire interconnection where key improvements in cost and durability have been achieved which are needed for wide adoption.
Direct Comparison of Angiogenesis in Natural and Synthetic Biomaterials Reveals Matrix Porosity Regulates Endothelial Cell Invasion Speed and Sprout Diameter

Vascularization of large, diffusion-hindered biomaterial implants requires an understanding of how extracellular matrix (ECM) properties regulate angiogenesis. Sundry biomaterials assessed across many disparate angiogenesis assays have highlighted ECM determinants that influence this complex multicellular process. &nbsp; However, the abundance of material platforms, each with unique parameters to model endothelial cell (EC) sprouting presents additional challenges of interpretation and comparison between studies. In this work we directly compared the angiogenic potential of commonly utilized natural (collagen and fibrin) and synthetic dextran vinyl sulfone (DexVS) hydrogels in a multiplexed angiogenesis-on-a-chip platform. Modulating matrix density of collagen and fibrin hydrogels confirmed prior findings that increases in matrix density correspond to increased EC invasion as connected, multicellular sprouts, but with decreased invasion speeds. Angiogenesis in synthetic DexVS hydrogels, however, resulted in fewer multicellular sprouts. Characterizing hydrogel Young’s modulus and permeability (a measure of matrix porosity), we identified matrix permeability to significantly correlate with EC invasion depth and sprout diameter. Although microporous collagen and fibrin hydrogels produced lumenized sprouts <i>in vitro</i>, they rapidly resorbed post-implantation into the murine epididymal fat pad. In contrast, DexVS hydrogels proved comparatively stable. To enhance angiogenesis within DexVS hydrogels, we incorporated sacrificial microgels to generate cell-scale pores throughout the hydrogel. Microporous DexVS hydrogels resulted in lumenized sprouts <i>in vitro</i> and enhanced cell invasion in vivo . Towards the design of vascularized biomaterials for long-term regenerative therapies, this work suggests that synthetic biomaterials offer improved size and shape control following implantation and that tuning matrix porosity may better support host angiogenesis.
Biochemical, physico-chemical and nutritional properties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and its processing into an infant weaning food.

Sweet potato varieties, Tanzania (Tz), Nasport (Nsp) and Spk004 (Spk), identified as potential raw material for baby food formulation, were characterised for proximate composition, mineral content and physicochemical characteristics. The interaction of sweet potato flour and proteins (soya and fish) were investigated. Starch was the most abundant nutrient in sweet potato (58 to 79 g/100g flour dry weight). Resistant starch ranged between 17 and 29%; these values were lower in sun-dried samples compared with freeze-dried ones and were reduced significantly on boiling. The in vitro starch digestibility was high, particularly in the sun-dried samples (80-85%), indicating sweet potato carbohydrates may be utilised efficiently. Lipids (1.1-2.3 g/100g) and proteins (2.7-5.0 g/100g dry weight) were low. Aspartic acid and glycine were the most abundant amino acids, cysteine and methionine were limiting. The orange-fleshed varieties Nsp and Spk contained high levels of beta-carotene (provitamin A), which were reduced in sun-dried and oven-dried samples. The main elements were K, Na, Mg and Ca with an average of 1190, 408, 698 and 576 mg/kg, dry weight respectively and moderate iron (37 mg/kg) and Zn (40 mg/kg). The in vitro digestion method showed that Ca, Mn, Mg and Zn in sweet potato are moderately bioavailable (55, 51, 45 and 65 % respectively). Polyphenols identified in sweet potato were caffeoylquinic acids, p-coumaroylquinic acids, feruloyquinic acids, dicaffeoylquinic acids and caffeoylferuloylquinic acids. Caffeoylferuloylquinic acids have not been reported before in sweet potato. Small deformation rheology indicated that sweet potato flour had lower elastic modulus, G' values compared with extracted starch. A mixture of sweet potato and soya (5% sp: 15 soya) and that of soya and fish (10%: 10%) w/w in water had lower G' and G" values than a mixture of sweet potato and fish (10% sp: 10% fish), which could be useful in making soft products. A sweet potato-based infant food using the Microdiet program was developed with nutritional and rheological characteristics similar to commercial baby foods. Lipid oxidation increased on storage of the dried product for 16 weeks at 22 °C, particularly in product containing fish but reduced in the presence of antioxidants (350, 500 mg vitamin C, 350,500 mg vitamin E and 100 mg citric acid/ Kg). Products containing sweet potato and soya (recipe B) were more stable in the absence of antioxidants.
Twisting of Pre-Twinned Alpha-Fe Nanowires: From Mild to Wild Avalanche Dynamics

Alpha-Fe nanowires are seeded with twin walls (TBs) with orientations perpendicular to the wire direction. Twisting the wire generates topological defects in the twin walls, namely new twin boundaries (kinks) inside the twin walls for small twist angles, and junctions between kinks for large twist angles. During twisting the kink motion is jerky and uncorrelated at small twisting angles. The probability density function (PDF) of jerk energies follows approximately a Gaussian distribution, indicating a mild deformation mode. The kink dynamics transforms from mild to wild at larger twist angles when complex twin patterns with a high density of junctions are generated. The collective motion of kinks now shows avalanche behavior with the energy being power-law distributed. The wildness, which measures the proportion of strain energy relaxed through such avalanches, is correlated with the junction density, and controlled by the external length scale (wire diameter) as well as an internal length scale (twin boundary spacing). Good strain-stress recoverability is achieved when unloading the wire before the formation of complex twin patterns. We correlate the evolution of twin patterns with a statistical analysis of jerk dynamics, which identifies the unique mechanical properties governed by twin boundary motion in nanowires.
The Economic Feasibility Study of Renewable-Based Fuel Cells with Grid Connection for a Commercial Application

Due to their high cost, limited life cycle, low efficiency, and restricted operating conditions, batteries may not be the most cost-effective method for large scale energy storage. On the other hand, hydrogen-based energy storage, such as in a microgrid system, is incessantly gaining more appreciation as a viable and sustainable alternative. This paper presents the economic feasibility study of renewablebased fuel cells with a grid connection for a commercial application. The Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER Pro) software is used as a platform for simulation given the multidimensional nature in an optimization problem. The proposed model is constrained around financial and technical indicators. The optimal system architecture consists of high penetration of the solar photovoltaic system, a grid power, fuel cell generator, electrolyzer, hydrogen tank, and converter. The Net Present Cost (NPC) is impacted directly by the sensitive analysis of the present and projected costs of components of the optimized system; also, the annual purchase capacity at the grid if scheduled rates option is considered. Considering a purchase capacity of 200 kW, the Photovoltaic system, fuel cells (FC), electrolyzer, hydrogen tank, and the converter are sized respectively for 311 kW, 200 kW, 200 kW, 400 kg and 243 kW. Therefore, resulting in an NPC value of $3 337 185,69; a Levelized Cost of Energy (COE) of $0,1095 per kWh and operating cost of $43 402,38 of the optimized system. <br><br>
Aura: An IoT Based Cloud Computing Infrastructure for Localized Mobile Computation

Many applications require localized computation in order to ensure better performance, security, and lower costs. In recent years, the emergence of Internet-ofThings (IoT) devices has caused a paradigm shift in computing and communication. IoT devices are making the physical environment and infrastructures smarter, bringing pervasive computing to the mainstream. With billions of such devices slated to be deployed in the next ve years, we have the opportunity to utilize these devices ﬁ in converting our physical environment into interactive, smart, and intelligent computing infrastructures. This paper present an Aura – a highly localized IoT based cloud computing model. Aura allows clients to create ad hoc clouds using the IoT and other computing devices in the nearby physical environment, while providing the exibility of cloud computing. Aura provides localized computation capability fromﬂ untapped computing resources. Computations done on Aura are highly exible, ﬂ giving clients full control to start, stop, migrate, and restart computations in nearby devices as the clients move between different physical locations. To demonstrate the feasibility of Aura, we have ported a lightweight version of Map Reduce to run on IoT devices. <br>
Composition-Dependent Effects of Oxygen on Atomic Structure and Mechanical Property of Metallic Glasses

Although minor alloying in metallic glasses (MGs) has been extensively investigated, the effect of O doping is still a debatable topic. In the present study, the atomic-level structures and mechanical properties of Cu-Zr MGs doped with different O contents have been analyzed using <i>ab initio</i> molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that O atoms prefer to bond with Zr atoms due to their low mixture enthalpy. The key finding is that we reveal the compositional dependence of O doping. For O-doped Cu<sub>64</sub>Zr<sub>36</sub> MGs, the fraction of full icosahedra, size of the medium-range-order clusters, Young’s modulus, and shear modulus decrease sharply with O content, accompanied by a sharp increase of the non-Frank-Kasper polyhedral, ratio of bulk modulus to shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio, indicating decreased strength and improved plasticity. For O-doped Cu<sub>47</sub>Zr<sub>53</sub> MGs, however, the above-mentioned structural and mechanical features experience little change or only change slowly after O doping, showing low oxygen sensitivity. It is reasoned that the high Zr content in Cu<sub>47</sub>Zr<sub>53</sub> MGs weakens the effect of Zr-O bonding to some extent. The present study not only sheds light on the atomic-level structures of O-doped MGs that may provide guidelines for designing MGs with low-grade materials and low processing cost, but also help to explain the previous conflicting results based on the composition-dependence effect.