Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian vs MAP Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation for Field of View Expansion in Tracking Airborne Targets.

Abstract : Previous efforts have led to the development of a multiple model adaptive filter (MMAF) tracking algorithm which demonstrates significant improvements in performance against close-range, highly dynamic, airborne targets, over a direct correlation method currently in use. The basic elemental filter in the MMAF bank combines an enhanced correlator and a linear Kalman filter. Digital signal processing techniques are used to derive a target shape function from the forward looking infrared sensor data. This shape function is used as a template in the correlation algorithm which generates offset pseudo-measurements for the update portion of a linear Kalman filter. The multiple models are created by tuning the basic model for best performance against differing target maneuvering behavior and with physically different fields of view. The outputs of three independent elemental filters, each receiving data from a shared sensor are used to generate a single adaptive estimate of the state via a probabilistic weighted average (Bayesian form) or by selection of the one elemental filter associated with the highest probability (MAP form). The adaptive state estimate can produce target position predictions to be used in generating feedback control for maintaining the target in the center of the field of view. There are two main results from this effort. The addition of a third elemental filter to the baseline MMAF improves tracking performance over the two-element MMAF. Specifically, the peak error following a maneuver is significantly reduced. However, the MAP estimation approach does not differ significantly from the Bayesian approach.
Molecular docking and PASS prediction for antinociceptive activity of some isolated compounds from Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. and ADME/T property analysis of the compounds International Journal of Pharmacy

Anisomeles Indica (L.) Kuntze (Family - Lamiaceae) is commonly known as Gobura, is found in fallow lands throughout Bangladesh. The plant has used for carminative, astringent, tonic properties and uterine infection by the tribal in Khagrachari, Bangladesh. The aim of present study to investigate in silico molecular docking study used for four phytoconstituents Acteoside, betonyoside A, campneoside II, β-Sitosterol, Isoacteoside, Ovatodiolide and stigmasterol which are isolated from A. indica to identify whether these compounds interact with the responsible protein (Cyclooxygenase 1 enzyme) and PASS prediction is done by sever. Also ADME/T properties of the phytoconstituents were analyzed using Qikprop 3.2 module. A wide range of docking score found during molecular docking by Schrodinger. Acteoside, betonyoside A, campneoside II, β-Sitosterol, Isoacteoside, Ovatodiolide and stigmasterol showed the docking score -5.362 , -2.468 , -4.711 , -2.575 , -6.771 , -1.806 and -2.397 respectively . Among all the compounds Isoacteoside showed highest docking score. So, Isoacteoside is the best compounds for selective Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX 1) enzyme inhibition, as it possessed best value in Molecular docking. In the PASS prediction for their analgesic activity of the isolated phytoconstituents, we found wide range of activity and all the compounds showed greater Pa than Pi value. From the ADME/T profiles of all the tested compounds, it cleared that they might safe for human. Further in vivo investigation need to identify Cyclooxygenase (COX 1) enzyme inhibitory activity of isolated compounds from A. indica .
Impaired frontal-parietal control network in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) revealed by graph theoretical analysis: a DTI study CURRENT STATUS: POSTED

Introduction Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is characterized by chronic pain in pelvic area and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Previous neuroimaging studies demonstrated that chronic pain was associated with altered brain activity. However, the pathological mechanisms associated with altered brain control of CP/CPPS is not well understood. Therefore, we sought to investigate the topological properties of white matter brain networks in patients with CP/CPPS and whether the topological configuration of frontal-parietal control network was disrupted. Methods We collected 19 patients with CP/CPPS and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs). Diffusion tensor imaging data of all participates were used to map the white matter structural networks. Graph theoretical method was applied to investigate the alterations of topological properties of brain network in patients. Moreover, the associations between the alerted brain regions of patients and clinical measurements were analysised by using Pearson correlation analyses. Results Both CP/CPPS patients and HCs exhibited a 'small-world' behaviour or economical small-world architecture of the white matter brain networks. In addition, CP/CPPS had a lower global efficiency in the right middle frontal gyrus (orbital part) and a higher global efficiency in the left middle cingulate and paracingulate gyri. CP/CPPS also showed decreased local efficiency in the left middle cingulate and paracingulate gyri and paracentral lobule. Moreover, the local efficiency of the left middle cingulate gyrus was positively correlated with the scores of the influence of symptoms on the quality of life. The local efficiency of the left precuneus and right supplementary motor area were positively correlated with the total scores of NIH-CPSI and the scores of pain and discomfort symptoms, respectively. Conclusion had alterations of connections within the frontal-parietal connectivity the executive and local efficiency of parallel information processing at a low wiring cost. The results of nodal efficiency
M ODELING THE S OUND OF A STRONAUT V OICE C OMMUNICATIONS

Reproducing the sound of vintage audio systems using modern digital signal processing (DSP) is often desirable in audio production. In order to emulate the iconic astronaut voice communications from the 1960’s, the combined effects of the microphone, communications systems, and background noises of the original recordings must be efﬁciently contained in a DSP model. The model presented here is composed of four stages: pre-ﬁltering, nonlinear processing, noise generation, and post-ﬁltering. The stage parameters were manually tuned to convincingly replicate two distinct sounds from NASA’s Mercury 6 and Apollo 11 missions. The ﬁnal model is a simple, parametric DSP algorithm suitable for implementation as a real-time audio effect. This vintage audio effect is relevant to sound design, post-production, and a range of other artistic uses.
Characterization of the Fe-rich corner of Al e Fe e Si e Ti

The quaternary system Al e Fe e Si e Ti was studied in the iron-rich corner for sections at 50, 60 and 70 at. % Fe at 900 (cid:1) C. Isothermal phase equilibria were investigated by a combination of optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) followed by Rietveld re ﬁ nement and Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA). Phase boundaries of the phases, in particular of the Laves phase (Fe 2 Ti) and of the extended phase ﬁ eld of A2/B2/D0 3 , were investigated. Selected samples containing the Laves phase and the B2 phase were characterized by microhardness measurements at different compositions throughout the quaternary homogeneity range of the phases.
MAP PROJECTIONS ON GEOREFERENCING

- A map projection is any method used in cartography to represent the two-dimensional curved surface of the earth or other body on a plane. The term "projection" here refers to any function defined on the earth's surface and with values on the plane, and not necessarily a geometric projection. If an aerial-triangulation (AT) is performed in the National Projection System (NPS), then the conformal map projection (which is the base for the NPS) effects the results of the AT by raising three problems: P1) the effect of the Earth curvature, P2) the different scales in plane and height, and P3) the variation of the scale in plane across large areas of interest. Problem P1 may be solved by the so-called Earth curvature correction . Whereas P2 and P3 have negligible effects in plane and height (at least for non-mountainous areas) when performing a conventional AT using control- and tie-points (so-called indirect georeferencing ), their effect in height is not negligible (even for plane surfaces) when performing direct georeferencing (using GPS/INS). Simple solutions for solving these problems are presented – by considering the varying planar scale with the point heights or the principal distance.
Crystal Structure of LiH2PO4 Studied by Single-Crystal Neutron Diffraction

Structure of a LiH 2 PO 4 (LDP) single crystal has been studied at room temperature and at 100 K by means of neutron diffraction. The LiO 4 tetrahedra in LDP are linked by vertices forming chains along the a -axis, and a three-dimensional network is formed by PO 4 groups connected by two different hydrogen bonds. The Li + ions in this structure were found to be quite immobile in spite of their very light mass; The very high proton conductivity in the system may have directly to do with the relatively weak hydrogen bonds and the relatively long interoxygen distances facilitating reorientation of the proton acceptor complexes, rather than with the Li + ionic motions.
Gender Differences in Gifted Elementary Students’ Decision-Making about Renewable Energy: Social Relationships, Values, and Authority (RTP)

Dr. is an Associate Professor Her research focuses on science and engineering integration in secondary science classrooms and environmental education in STEM. Dr. Younkyeong Nam is interested in designing engineering design-based science instruction that is more suitable for the educational context of South Korea. She is also interested in developing frameworks for designing and assessing STEM lessons to support K-12 science teachers. Dr. Jeanna R. Wieselmann is a Research Assistant Professor at Southern Methodist University in Dal-las, TX. Her research focuses on gender equity in STEM and maintaining elementary girls’ interest in STEM through both in-school and out-of-school experiences. Dr. Wieselmann’s research has explored student participation patterns in small group STEM activities. She is interested in STEM schools, inte-grated STEM curriculum development, and teacher professional development to support gender-equitable teaching practices. Abstract This study examines how gender affected gifted elementary students’ engineering-based argumentative practices and decision-making processes as they selected renewable energy sources to support South Korea’s future. Twenty-one gifted elementary science students participated in four steps of the Jigsaw group discussion process: 1) single-gender group discussion before information was given, 2) single-gender group discussion after information was given, 3) mixed-gender group discussion as a format of expert group discussion, and 4) original single-gender group discussion. Videotaped group discussions and student worksheets were the primary data sources. Students’ argumentative practices were investigated in two aspects: social negotiation patterns and reasoning. The social negotiation patterns of students’ argumentative practice were analyzed using an analytic framework adapted from Toulmin’s model of argument structure, and the collaborative reasoning patterns of students’ argumentative practice were analyzed based on Walton’s reasoning scheme. Then their decision-making process was analyzed using an analytical framework developed by the authors. Social negotiation pattern results show that girls’ social negotiation was more affected by gender grouping (single or mixed) than boys. However, there was no significant gender difference in terms of collaborative reasoning. We identified critical factors that affected students’ final decisions in each unit of discourse analysis. Girls' engineering decisions were safety-oriented, so they prioritized energy options with “no known disadvantages” even if other options had known advantages. In contrast, boys selected an option if they felt that they had collected sufficient evidence to reach consensus and did not select an option if it included economic disadvantages or technological limitations.
Growth and Development of Tetracycline-Resistant Chlamydia suis †

Tetracycline (TET) is a front-line antibiotic for the treatment of chlamydial infections in both humans and animals, and the emergence of TET-resistant (Tet r ) Chlamydia is of signiﬁcant clinical importance. Recently, several Tet r chlamydial strains have been isolated from swine ( Sus scrofa) raised in production facilities in Nebraska. Here, the intracellular development of two Tet r strains, R19 and R27, is characterized through the use of tissue culture and immunoﬂuorescence. The strains grow in concentrations of up to 4 m g of TET/ml, while a TET-sensitive (Tet s ) swine strain (S45) and a strain of the human serovar L2 (LGV-434) grow in up to 0.1 m g of TET/ml. Although inclusions form in the presence of TET, many contain large aberrant reticulate bodies (RBs) that do not differentiate into infectious elementary bodies. The percentage of inclusions contain- ing typical developmental forms decreases with increasing TET concentrations, and at 3 m g of TET/ml 100% of inclusions contain aberrant RBs. However, upon removal of TET the aberrant RBs revert to typical RBs, and a productive developmental cycle ensues. In addition, inclusions were found that contained both C. suis R19 were inverted onto a drop of Vectashield mounting medium (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, Calif.) on a microscope slide. Fluorescent and differential interfer- ence contrast (DIC) images were collected and examined on a Leica DMLB microscope equipped with appropriate ﬂuorescence ﬁlters. Images were col- lected digitally using a Spot Camera (Diagnostic Instruments, Sterling Heights, Mich.) and processed with Adobe Photoshop 5.0 (Adobe Software; San Jose, Calif.). Production of peptide antibody against R19 MOMP. Rabbit antiserum against a peptide (CGAGKVEDKGSAGELC) in the strain R19 major outer membrane protein (MOMP) was produced by Genemed Synthesis, Inc. (San Francisco, Calif.). The peptide was linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin and administered in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Three subsequent booster injections were given with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis to conﬁrm the speciﬁcity and relative concentration of the anti- body.
Fast Computation of Electromagnetic Scattering from Dielectric Objects Using Quadrilateral Piecewise Sinusoidal Basis and Characteristic Basis Function Method

A method of moments (MoM) based procedure is developed to calculate the scattering from homogeneous dielectric bodies. The technique employs quadrilaterals for the approximation of geometry and piecewise sinusoidal (PS) basis functions for the approximation of surface currents. The notable advantage of the PS basis is its radiated fields can be expressed in closed-form. The proposed approach therefore circumvents the need to employ Green’s function in formulating the integral equations. Combined with a simple testing procedure, the matrix filling time is reduced and the concern of singularity is removed. To further reduce the computational complexity and enhance the performance, characteristic basis function method (CBFM) is implemented and embellished with a new CBF generation strategy. Specifically, a cubical surface bounding the entire target is first specified and discretized. A set of auxiliary sources are then defined in a manner similar to that is done for a scattering body. These auxiliary sources are defined once and shared by different blocks. In comparison to the traditional plane wave spectrum (PWS) method, the CBFs generated by the new approach are valid not only for plane wave excitations but also for localized excitations. Numerical results are provided to validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
HRaft: Adaptive Erasure Coded Data Maintenance for Consensus in Distributed Networks

Distributed data services usually rely on consensus protocols like Paxos and Raft to provide fault-tolerance and data consistency across global and local-distributed data centers. Erasure coding replication has appealing storage and network cost saving compared with full copy replication, which helps consensus protocols achieve low latency, high fault tolerance, and high throughput for data access. Applying erasure coding in consensus protocols directly will degrade the liveness level when the number of failure servers reaches a certain level. To address the challenge, CRaft just stores full copy replication instead of erasure coding replication when the number of failed servers reaches a certain threshold. In such situation, CRaft will be downgraded sharply to the same storage and network costs as Raft. To overcome the shortcoming of CRaft, we propose a protocol, called HRaft, which can adapt the placement of data blocks in order to always have enough blocks to recover the stored value when servers fail. By replenishing some coded blocks in healthy servers instead of full copy replication, it can avoid switching to the full replication when a certain threshold on the number of failures is reached. We designed and implemented a key-value (KV) storage prototype to validate the proposed protocol and evaluate its performance. The experimental results show HRaft can significantly reduce storage and network costs and improve write performance while keeping the liveness level compared to CRaft.
Single Layer Dual Circularly Polarized Antenna Array Based on Ridge Gap Waveguide for 77 GHz Automotive Radar

A single layer 77GHz dual circularly polarized (CP) antenna array is proposed based on ridge gap waveguides (RGW) technology. The antenna consists of eight U-shaped slots, fed by two feeding networks for generation of dual CP. The proposed antenna array has been fabricated and measured. The experimental results show good agreement with the simulations. The axial ratio is below 2 dB, and the return loss and port isolation are better than 13 dB and 18.6 dB over 76-81 GHz, respectively. The measured gain for the integrated array is 14.8 dBi at the center frequency of 78.5 GHz. With integration of feeding networks and the radiating elements in a single layer, this antenna has potential to be used in automotive radars.
Joint Coverage-Reliability for Budgeted Edge Application Deployment in Mobile Edge Computing Environment

Mobile edge computing (MEC), as an emerging technology, allows application vendors to deploy application instances on edge servers to deliver low-latency services to nearby end-users. However, due to hardware faults, software exceptions, or cyberattacks, edge servers are prone to failures in the highly distributed and dynamic MEC environment. Hence service reliability must be ensured when failures occur. This raises a critical and open problem-improving service reliability when deploying application instances in the MEC environment. In this paper, we jointly consider both user coverage and service reliability when deploying application instances on edge servers with a given application deployment budget K. We formally define this joint Coverage-Reliability for K-Budgeted Edge Application Deployment (CR-BEAD) problem and model it as a constrained optimization problem. Next, we propose an optimal approach (named BEAD-O) based on integer programming to find optimal solutions to small-scale CR-BEAD problems. We also propose a greedy approach named BEAD-G with a constant approximation ratio of 1 1/e to solve large-scale CR-BEAD problems efficiently. Extensive experimental evaluation against three representative approaches illustrates the effectiveness and efficiency of our approaches.
Two-Dimensional Scanning Phased Array With Large Element Spacing Using Pattern Reconfigurable Stacked Patch Antenna at Ka-Band

A 2-D scanning phased array with large element spacing using pattern reconfigurable stacked patch antenna at Ka-band is presented. The pattern reconfigurable stacked patch antenna is composed of four patches on the top integrated with four p-i-n diodes and a driven patch on the lower layer, where the top patches are located along the diagonals of the proposed antenna. By switching the reverse/forward bias states of p-i-n diodes, the phase gradients in different directions are generated and beam steering on the E-, D-(diagonal), and H-planes can be delivered. Subsequently, a 2-D scanning $4\times 4$ phased array with large element spacing is proposed by applying the pattern reconfigurable stacked patch antenna. The 2-D space is divided into nine subsets and covered by nine states of the proposed antenna. The measured results show that a scanning range of ±55° on the E-, D-, and H-planes can be provided. The maximum realized gain is 20.9 dBi at 26.5 GHz with an aperture efficiency of 62.0%. Compared with conventional half-wavelength phased array, the complexity and cost can be reduced for 2-D scanning phased array by introducing the proposed pattern reconfigurable stacked patch antenna.
Randomized Spatial Downsampling-Based Cauchy-RPCA Clutter Filtering for High-Resolution Ultrafast Ultrasound Microvasculature Imaging and Functional Imaging

Effective tissue clutter filtering and noise removing are essential for ultrafast Doppler imaging. Singular vector decomposition (SVD)-based spatiotemporal method has been applied as a classical method to remove the clutter and strong motion artifacts. However, performance of the SVD-based methods often depends on a proper eigenvector thresholding, i.e., the separation of signal subspaces of small-value blood flow, large-value static tissue, and noise. In the study, a Cauchy-norm-based robust principal component analysis (Cauchy-RPCA) method is developed via Cauchy-norm-based sparsity penalization, which enhances the blood flow extraction of small-vessels. A randomized spatial downsampling strategy and alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) are further involved to accelerate the computation. A face-to-face comparison is carried out among the classical SVD, traditional RPCA, blind deconvolution-based RPCA (BD-RPCA), and the proposed Cauchy-RPCA methods. Ultrafast ultrasound imaging dataset recorded from rat brain is used to investigate the performance of the proposed Cauchy-RPCA method in terms of clutter filtering, power Doppler, color Doppler, and functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging. The computational efficiency is finally discussed.
On vector mode contribution to CMB temperature and polarization from local strings

In a recent publication, we used the data from WMAP and SDSS to constrain the primordial perturbations and to predict the B-mode polarization sourced by cosmic string networks. We have been alerted by A. Slosar to the existence of errors in the code we used to calculate the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies from cosmic strings. Correcting the errors leads to a significant increase in the vector mode contribution to the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies as well as an overall renormalization of the various string spectra. In these notes we explain the nature of the errors and discuss their implications for previously published constraints on cosmic strings based on this code. The chief change in our results is that our derived limit for the cosmic string tension is strengthened: G\mu < 1.8 (2.7) * 10^{-7} at 68 (95)% confidence. We also note that the newly-enhanced vector mode contribution produces a greatly-increased amplitude for B-mode polarization in the CMB which could exceed the B-mode power produced by the lensing of primordial E-mode polarization into B-mode polarization.