Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast and robust approaches for lane detection using multi‐camera fusion in complex scenes

Due to the limited sensing ability with the single-view camera and the real-time requirement for multi-view scenarios or deep learning-based methods in complex scenes, the output of lane detection is not applicable for the actual lane departure warning system. To tackle this challenge, the authors propose a fast and robust approach for lane detection based on well-designed multi-camera fusion, integrating vanishing point estimation, and specified feature fitting strategies. To meet real-time demand, several simple but effective image processing means are introduced and improved. Concretely, on account of statistical information, the authors’ method carries out an improved region of interest selection to speed up the detection. Afterwards, they used the B-spline fitting lane line on the strength of the RANdom SAmple consensus algorithm for the front view image detection and improved the Hough algorithm for the two rear-view images correspondingly. Using coordinate conversion and self-designed fusion strategy, they get the robust lane information based on symmetrical lane detection from the left/right sides of both front and side views. Experimental results in newly introduced multi-camera scenarios show that their multi-camera fusion framework contributes to significant improvement in accuracy and robustness in comparison with traditional methods.
The Battle of Frame Building: The Reciprocal Relationship between Journalists and Frame Sponsors

The idea that journalists make use of framing is widespread. However, systematic studies of the role of frame sponsors—that is, nonmedia actors who advocate a certain frame package—in influencing the patterns in frame package use by journalists are limited. Which characteristics make frame sponsors successful in frame building, and why? In this study, we propose a new way of understanding the relationship between journalists and frame sponsors, by studying to what extent high authority and having a strong stake in an issue are important predictors of frame coverage, and whether a bidirectional relationship between frame sponsors and journalists can be discerned in frame building. We examine the two court cases against Geert Wilders, leader of the Dutch Freedom Party (PVV), for alleged hate speech (2009–2020). Based on a content analysis of media input, such as statements, social media posts, and press releases (N = 220) of relevant frame sponsors as well as news stories about the court cases (N = 691), we demonstrate that there is a reciprocal relationship between frame sponsors and journalists in frame building. Frame sponsors influence journalists in the use of frame packages, but framing in news reports also stimulates frame sponsors to communicate similar frame packages in the future. Actors with high levels of authority and a strong stake in the issue are more successful in getting their preferred frame packages across. By acknowledging the bidirectional relationship and expanding knowledge on who benefits most from this relationship, this study advances literature on frame building.
Chemical modification of natural rubber (NR) for improved performance

Abstract: This chapter aims to summarise research work on the chemical modification of natural rubber (NR) which has been investigated for more than 70 years. It includes relevant properties, utilisation and potential applications. The chemical modification involves reaction at the carbon–carbon double bond of NR and its allylic positions. The key issues in improving the properties of NR, including future research trends in the chemical modifation of NR such as sulphonated NR and new ionic polymer based NR, will also be mentioned.
Pengaruh Latihan Circuit Training Terhadap Daya Tahan Kardiovaskuler Pada Tim Futsal Universitas PGRI Semarang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh latihan sirkuit dalam upaya meningkatkan daya tahan kardiovaskuler melalui peningkatan VO2max. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, pengambilan data menggunakan metode eskperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test-post-test design . Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur VO2max adalah Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Tim Futsal Putra UPGRIS yang berjumlah 15 yang mana sampel diambil secara acak atau random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif yang dikonversikan dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian diketahui tingkat daya tahan kardiovaskuler berdasarkan tingkat VO2max pada Tim Futsal Putra UPGRIS yang diukur menggunakan MFT (Multistage Fitness Test) adalah 26,67% (4 pemain) berada pada kategori cukup, 40% (6 pemain) berada pada kategori baik, 20% berada pada kategori sangat baik dan 13,33% (2 pemain) berada pada kategori istimewa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan circuit training yang signifikan sebesar Sig. (0,000) > α (0,05) dan selisih rata-rata pre-test dan post-test dengan persentase 7,22% terdahap daya tahan kardiovaskuler pada Tim Futsal Universitas PGRI Semarang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam menyusun program latihan khususnya materi tentang peningkatan daya tahan kardiovaskuler pada pemain futsal
Peracetic Acid Disinfection of Secondary Effluents Discharged off Coastal Seawater

Peracetic acid (PAA), a well known powerful antimicrobial agent in hospitals and in agribusiness (Fraser, 1986), has recently been used to disinfect urban effluents. It appears to be highly competitive against chlorine (Audic, 1990; Baldry, French, Slater and Desprez, 1990; Giodani, Iacoponi, Polidori, 1989), the most widely used disinfectant for sewage disposal. As PAA is a new biocide, not much quantitative data is available on its action against the faecal indicator bacteria and viruses. An on-site experimental study investigated the disinfectant action of PAA against these indicator bacteria and viruses as well as against Salmonella and enterovirus. To complete this study we will test its action on suspended solids to find out whether there is regrowth of the microorganisms after treatment. Multi-factor analysis in terms of criteria like inactivation efficiency, safety environmental impact, and cost will be used to compare PAA to chlorination and ozonation, the most commonly used techniques.
Adoption of Green Supply Chain Management among SMEs in Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to integrate the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory and Technology, Organization and Environment (TOE) theory to examine the factors that affect the adoption of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices among SMEs in Malaysia. Twelve hypotheses were developed based on the integrating theories in technology adoption context. In this study, data were collected through questionnaire survey on the SMEs in Klang Valley Malaysia. A total of 298 responses were analyzed. The regression analysis method was used to test the hypothetical relationships among technological, organizational and environmental factors and SMEs’ intention to adopt GSCM practices. Research findings show that perceived relative advantage, perceived cost, top management support, complexity, compatibility, firms size, customer pressure, regulatory pressure and the quality of human resources are statistically significant factors influencing GSCM adoption among SMEs in Malaysia. However, observability and governmental support do not have significant effects on GSCM adoption intention. According to research findings, some implications which are valuable to academics and practitioners are also addressed. This study can serve as a guideline for successful implementation of GSCM among the SMEs in an emerging country.
The prevalence, trends and determinants of mental health disorders in older Australians living in permanent residential aged care: Implications for policy and quality of aged care services

Objective: Mental health disorders are a major health concern in older people and are associated with a higher risk of disability, frailty and early mortality. This study aimed to conduct a contemporary population-based assessment of the prevalence, trends and factors associated with mental health disorders in individuals who are living in permanent residential aged care (PRAC) in Australia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using national data from the Registry of Senior Australians, a national cohort of older Australians who had aged care eligibility assessment and entered PRAC between 2008 and 2016. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression modeling was applied to identify factors associated with mental health disorders. Results: Of 430,862 individuals included in this study, 57.8% had at least one mental health disorder. The prevalence of depression, phobia/anxiety and psychosis were as follows: 46.2% (95% confidence interval = [46.0%, 46.3%]), 14.9% (95% confidence interval = [14.8%, 15.0%]) and 9.7% (95% confidence interval = [9.6%, 9.8%]), respectively. The likelihood of having a mental health disorder was higher for those who were (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) relatively younger, specifically for every 10-year increment in age, the odds of having mental health disorders was 44.0% lower (0.56, [0.55, 0.56]); female (1.33 [1.32, 1.35]); having increasing numbers of physical health comorbidities, 6–10 (1.26 [1.24, 1.29]) or 11–15 (1.48 [1.45, 1.51]) or more than 15 (1.64 [1.58, 1.71]) compared to people having less than five comorbidities; having limitations related to health care tasks (1.05 [1.04, 1.07]), meals (1.04 [1.02, 1.05]) or social and community participation (1.10 [1.08, 1.12]). Conclusion: The burden of mental health disorders in older Australians living in PRAC was high and individuals with these conditions tend to be younger, with several physical comorbidities and/or functional limitations. Understanding the profile of individuals with mental health disorders at entry into PRAC can be used as evidence for baseline resource allocation for this population and evaluation of future needs of mental health services.
A Molecular Tension Sensor for N-Cadherin Reveals Distinct Forms of Mechanosensitive Adhesion Assembly in Adherens and Synaptic Junctions

N-cadherin mediates physical linkages in a variety of force-generating and load-bearing tissues. To enable visualization and quantification of mechanical loads experienced by N-Cadherin, we developed a genetically-encoded FRET-based tension sensor for this protein. We observe that N-Cadherin supports non-muscle myosin II (NMII) activity-dependent loads within the adherens junctions (AJs) of VSMCs and the synaptic junctions (SJs) of neurons. To probe the relationship between mechanical loads and AJ/SJ formation, we evaluated the relationships between N-cadherin tension and the size of these adhesion structures. In VSMCs, no relationship between N-cadherin tension and AJ size was observed, consistent with previously observed homeostatic regulation of mechanical loading. In neurons, a strong correlation between SJ size and N-cadherin load was observed, demonstrating an absence of homeostatic regulation. Treatment with glycine, a known initiator of synapse maturation, lead to increased SJ size and N-cadherin load, suggesting a role for mechanosensitive signaling in this process. Correspondingly, we observe that NMII activity is required for the Src-mediated phosphorylation of NMDAR subunit GluN2B at Tyr 1252, which is a key event in synaptic potentiation. Together these data demonstrate N-cadherin tension is subject to cell type specific regulation and that mechanosensitive signaling occurs within SJs.
The Effects of Preoperative Education for Patients With Cancer

Background The results of previous experimental studies have been inconsistent in the effect of preoperative education on postoperative outcomes, and there have been no meta-analyses focusing solely on preoperative education for patients with cancer. Objectives To identify the magnitude and direction of the effects of preoperative education and to investigate the influence of moderators on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. Electronic databases were searched until October 2019 using Cochrane database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on preoperative education interventions. Ten studies with 45 effect sizes were analyzed in this meta-analysis, and the standardized mean difference was calculated based on Hedges’ g as an effect size. Results Meta-analysis showed that the overall effect size of preoperative education was moderate. Preoperative education improved cancer patients’ knowledge and satisfaction and reduced pain. The effects of preoperative education were greater in younger age groups when delivered using verbal or combined educational methods. Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated the importance of preoperative educational interventions not only in terms of their surgery-related cognitive aspects but also in terms of the physical and psychological aspects linked to the cancer surgery. Implications for Practice Interventions to provide the most effective preoperative education for patients with cancer in the hospital setting are required, and this information can be used to develop evidence-based education strategies for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery.
What Does It Take to Be Open? Sustaining Openness Through Closure in Open Organizing Initiatives

A growing number of organizations pledge to ideals of openness in their organizing processes. However, such attempts to increase openness through greater inclusion and transparency often fail in practice. Using the constitutive view of openness, we seek to unravel how the interaction between modes of openness and closure shapes open organizing as it unfolds over time. Analyzing an award-winning open organizing initiative, we show how four types of legitimate closures are used to increase and sustain openness across time. Against these observations, we propose a process model of punctuated openness, in which open organizing is characterized by a combination of both open and closed modes that generate and sustain desired levels of inclusion and transparency over time.
Effect of Na‐PDT and KF‐PDT on the photovoltaic performance of wide bandgap Cu (In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

Cu (In,Ga)Se2 solar cells exhibit higher efficiencies if an appropriate Ga gradient is introduced and if the absorber is doped with sodium (Na) plus a heavier alkali atom such as potassium. However, a Gallium gradient in the presence of Na is challenging because sodium impedes the interdiffusion of elements and influences the gradient. In this contribution, we show that the presence of sodium during growth with the combination of high Ga concentration creates a pronounced gradient that is detrimental for carrier collection. One solution is to avoid Na abundance during absorber growth but to add it to the grown absorber layer via a postdeposition treatment. We investigate the effect of different Na incorporation methods simultaneously with KF‐PDT on wide band gap CIGSe absorbers. By preparation on alkali‐free substrates and application of alkalis (NaF and KF) onto a grown CIGSe layer, we show by smoothening of the Gallium gradient a large improvement in the solar cell performance from 4% to 8%. Another way to optimize the gradient in the presence of Na is the modification of the three‐stage method. This yields the best efficiency of 10% in our laboratory at an integral GGI of ~0.8. By means of temperature‐dependent JV measurements, we show that the additional postdeposition of KF induces a barrier for the diode current. We conclude that KF‐PDT induces a new thin layer at the CIGSe surface that has a lower valence band edge relative to the CIGSe bulk and is responsible for the double‐diode behavior. This barrier can also explain the Voc(T) saturation at low temperature.
Complex Network Analysis of Experimental EEG Signals for Decoding Brain Cognitive State

Depicting the relationship between brain cognitive state and task difficulty level constitutes a challenging problem of significant importance. In order to probe it, we design an experiment to gather EEG data from mental arithmetic task under different difficulty levels. We construct brain complex networks using a complex network method and information entropy theory. We then employ weighted clustering coefficient to characterize the networks generated from different brain cognitive states. The results show that with the increase in task difficulty level, the mean weighted clustering coefficients show a decrease. This is due to the lack of coordination of brain activity and the low efficiency of the network organization caused by the increase in task difficulty. In addition, we calculate the permutation entropy from the signals of each channel EEG signals to support the findings from our network analysis. These findings render our method particularly useful for depicting the relationship between brain cognitive state and difficulty level.
A 28GHz Reflective-Type Transmission-Line-Based Phase Shifter

This work presents a 28GHz reflection type transmission-line (TL) based phase shifter. The proposed architecture employs a completely passive approach to double the phase shift achievable using a TL when compared to conventional architectures. The phase shifter, along with a preceding low noise amplifier and buffer, is implemented in a 65nm CMOS process. The fabricated chip achieves a measured phase resolution of 11.25° at 28GHz, with an rms error of 3° and a total phase shift of 180°. The insertion loss of the phase shifter alone is 17dB. The active area of the entire phase shifter, including LNA and buffer is 0.41mm2.
Oil price shocks, real economic activity and uncertainty

This paper develops a structural factor vector autoregressive (SFVAR) model to study the effect of oil price shock on economic activity. The model allows both types of uncertainty (real economic activity and oil price) to directly affect oil prices and economic activity. More importantly, the factor variable, which is akin to the macroeconomic uncertainty measure of Henzel and Rengel (2017), captures the significant indirect spillover effects of both supply-related (oil prices) and demand-related (business cycle) shocks on oil prices and economic activity. By incorporating the indirect effect of this macroeconomic uncertainty, the response of economic activity to oil price shocks is amplified. In some countries the real effect is prolonged. Results for net oil exporting (importing) countries show that an oil price hike has an appreciably positive (negative) effect on economic activity. The factor dynamics of all countries, except for France, are highly correlated with each other, while they are all moderately correlated with some commonly used measures of macroeconomic uncertainty.
Interactional scaffolding in a first-grade classroom through the teaching–learning cycle

ABSTRACT Many educators are tasked with the dual responsibility of facilitating emergent to advanced bilingual students’ (EABs) content learning, while also simultaneously supporting students’ ongoing literacy and language development. One pedagogical tool that has garnered growing attention in recent decades is the teaching–learning cycle (TLC). This article presents a study that took place in a first-grade classroom that contained a number of EABs. Working in collaboration with the classroom teacher, we designed English language arts (ELA) units based on the TLC and analyzed the ways in which the teacher used interactional scaffolding applying this pedagogical approach to guide instruction for her EABs. We focused specifically on how the teacher’s interactional scaffolding moves engage students, and especially EABs, in the Detailed Reading, Deconstruction, and Joint Construction phases. We present study results, including excerpts of classroom discourse. This article demonstrates how the TLC can be used to facilitate a meaningful understanding of interactional scaffolding and its role in the TLC.
A comparison of behavioural methodologies utilised to quantify deviations in piglet behaviour associated with castration

Surgical castration is a painful procedure that is routinely performed without pain relief on commercial pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) farms. Previous research has focused on quantifying piglet pain response through behaviours. However, to date, behavioural sampling methodologies used to quantify pain associated with castration have not been validated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate scan sampling methodologies (2-min, 3-min, 5-min, 10-min and 15-min intervals) to quantify piglet pain responses expressed by castrated piglets behaviour. A total of 39 Yorkshire-Landrace × Duroc male piglets (five days of age) were surgically castrated using a scalpel blade. Behaviour frequency and duration (scratching, spasms, stiffness, tail wagging and trembling) of each piglet were continuously collected for the first 15 min of the following hours relative to castration (–24, 1–8 and 24). To determine if the sampling interval accurately reflected true duration and frequency for each behaviour, as determined by continuous observation, criteria previously utilised from other behavioural validation studies were used: coefficient of determination above 0.9, slope not statistically different from one and intercept not statistically different from zero. No scan sampling interval provided accurate estimates for any behavioural indicators of pain. The results of this study suggest that continuous sampling is the most appropriate methodology to fully capture behaviour specific to pain associated with castration. Using validated behavioural methodologies in future research can assist in the development of objective, science-based protocols for managing pig pain.