Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constructing and Commissioning HELIOS – A High Harmonic Generation Source for Pump-Probe Measurements with sub 50 fs Temporal Resolution The Development of Experimental Equipment for Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Terschlüsen, J. A. 2016. Constructing and Commissioning HELIOS – A High Harmonic Generation Source for Pump-Probe Measurements with sub 50 fs Temporal Resolution. The Development of Experimental Equipment for Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscopy. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1360. 80 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9528-2. This thesis presents HELIOS, an in-house laboratory for time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy with extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) probe radiation. A wide span of pump wavelengths can be generated using commercial laser equipment while XUV probe radiation is generated via a high harmonic generation process in a noble gas delivering probe photons with energies between 20 eV and 72 eV. The XUV beam path features a time-preserving monochromator and was constructed and built in-house. HELIOS features an overall time resolution of about 50 fs when using 800 nm pump and 41 eV probe photons. An energy resolution of 110 meV at 41 eV photon energy can be achieved. HELIOS features two beamlines. One μ-focus beamline with an XUV focal size of about 20 μm can be used with experiments that require such a small XUV focal size as well as with different end stations. The other beamline features a semi-permanently mounted end station for angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy under ultra-high vacuum conditions. Experiments demonstrating the usability of HELIOS and the two beamlines are presented. A pump-probe measurement on graphene demonstrates the capability of determining a large part of the k-space in only one measurement due to the use of an ARTOF angle-resolved time-of-flight electron spectrometer. A non-angle-resolved pump-probe measurement on the conducting polymer PCPDTBT demonstrates the high signal-to-noise ratio achievable at this beamline in non-angle-resolved photoelectron-spectroscopy pump-probe measurements. The usability of the μ-focus beamline is demonstrated with time-resolved measurements on magnetic samples employing an in-house-designed spectrometer. These experiments allow the retrieval of element-specific information on the magnetization within a sample employing the transversal magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE). Additionally, a Fourier transform spectrometer for the XUV is presented, the concept was tested at a synchrotron and it was used to determine the longitudinal coherence of the XUV radiation at HELIOS.
Performance of a new velocity dealiasing algorithm for the WSR-88D

Improving the quality of the base velocity data in the WSR-88D is an ongoing effort (Crum et al. 1998). Although the current velocity dealiasing algorithm (VDA) in the WSR-88D Radar Product Generator (RPG) generally performs well, this is not always the case. In particular, when the WSR88D is operating in Volume Coverage Pattern (VCP) – 31 (the low-Nyquist clear-air mode; Federal Meteorological Handbook, Number 11, Part A 2009), and wind speeds or vertical wind shear are high, there are often numerous velocity dealiasing errors. This causes many WSR-88D sites to instead primarily operate in VCP-32 (the high-Nyquist clear-air mode), despite the greater sensitivity of VCP-31 at detecting clear-air return. Even when the WSR-88D is operating at higher Nyquist velocities, instances of strong localized horizontal wind shear (e.g., mesocyclones, gustfronts, etc.) can lead to frequent velocity dealiasing errors. Given the limited computer capacity that existed when the WSR-88D was initially fielded (in 1989, for the prototype radar KOUN), its algorithms needed to be kept relatively computationally simple (i.e., they could not use large amounts of memory and/or CPU). Since then, substantial upgrades to the WSR-88D's computer systems allow for the implementation of more sophisticated algorithms, including a proposed new VDA. The performance of the new VDA was compared to the current WSR-88D VDA, using a quantitative scoring procedure, on several recent VCP-31 cases where the current algorithm performed very poorly (i.e., it generated numerous/extensive errors). The performance comparison was also done for several convectivestorm and hurricane events, where the WSR-88D
Conformational flexibility of an anti-IL-13 DARPin†

Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin®) are artificial non-immunoglobulin binding proteins with potential applications as therapeutic molecules. DARPin 6G9 binds interleukin-13 with high affinity and blocks the signaling pathway and as such is promising for the treatment of asthma and other atopic diseases. The crystal structures of DARPin 6G9 in the unbound form and in complex with IL-13 were determined at high resolution. The DARPin competes for the same epitope as the IL-13 receptor chain 13R&agr;1 but does not interfere with the binding of the other receptor chain, IL-4R&agr;. Analysis of multiple copies of the DARPin molecule in the crystal indicates the conformational instability in the N-terminal cap that was predicted from molecular dynamics simulations. Comparison of the DARPin structures in the free state and in complex with IL-13 reveals a concerted movement of the ankyrin repeats upon binding resulted in the opening of the binding site. The induced-fit mode of binding employed by DARPin 6G9 is very unusual for DARPins since they were designed as particularly stable and rigid molecules. This finding shows that DARPins can operate by various binding mechanisms and suggests that some flexibility in the scaffold may be an advantage.
Modified Regression Model for the Logan Plot

Logan's graphical model is a robust estimation of the total distribution volume (DVt) of reversibly bound radiopharmaceuticals, but the resulting DVt values decrease with increasing noise. The authors hypothesized that the noise dependence can be reduced by a linear regression model that minimizes the sum of squared perpendicular rather than vertical (y) distances between the data points and fitted straight line. To test the new method, 15 levels of simulated noise (repeated 2,000 times) were added to synthetic tissue activity curves, calculated from two different sets of kinetic parameters. Contrary to the traditional method, there was no (P > 0.05) or dramatically decreased noise dependence with the perpendicular model. Real dynamic 11C (+) McN5652 serotonin transporter binding data were processed either by applying Logan analysis to average counts of large areas or by averaging the Logan slopes of individual-voxel data. There were no significant differences between the parameters when the perpendicular regression method was used with both approaches. The presented experiments show that the DVt calculated from the Logan plot is much less noise dependent if the linear regression model accounts for errors in both the x and y variables, allowing fast creation of unbiased parametric images from dynamic positron-emission tomography studies.
245-GHz InAlN/GaN HEMTs With Oxygen Plasma Treatment

We report lattice-matched In<sub>0.17</sub>Al<sub>0.83</sub>N/GaN high-electron mobility transistors on a SiC substrate with a record current gain cutoff frequency (<i>fT</i>). The key to this performance is the use of an oxygen plasma treatment to form a thin oxide layer on the InAlN barrier and to reduce the gate leakage current by more than two orders of magnitude. In addition, the RF transconductance (<i>g</i><sub>m</sub>) collapse is reduced in the O<sub>2</sub>-treated devices, which results in a significant improvement in the <i>f</i><sub>T</sub> . In a transistor with a gate length of 30 nm, an <i>f</i><sub>T</sub> of 245 GHz is achieved, the highest value ever reported in GaN-based field-effect transistors.
The fat controller: roles of palmitoylation in intracellular protein trafficking and targeting to membrane microdomains (Review)

The attachment of palmitic acid to the amino acid cysteine via thioester linkage (S-palmitoylation) is a common post-translational modification of eukaryotic proteins. In this review, we discuss the role of palmitoylation as a versatile protein sorting signal, regulating protein trafficking between distinct intracellular compartments and the micro-localization of proteins within membranes.
Multiwavelength Variability Analysis of 3C 279

We present a multifrequency analysis of the variability in the flat-spectrum radio quasar 3C 279 from 2008 to 2014. Our multiwavelength datasets range from 1mm to gamma-rays, with additional optical polarimetry. Cross-correlation analysis shows a significant correlation between the UV continuum emission, the optical and NIR bands, at a delay consistent with zero, implying co-spatial emission regions. We also find a correlation between the UV continuum and the 1 mm data, which implies that the dominant process in producing the UV continuum is synchrotron emission. Based on the behaviour of the gamma-ray light curve with respect to other bands, we identified three different activity periods. During period A we find a significant correlation at zero delay between the UV continuum and the gamma-rays, implying co-spatial emission regions which points towards synchrotron self-Compton as dominant gamma-ray emission mechanism. During period C we find a delay between the UV continuum and the gamma-rays, as well as a correlation at zero delay between X-rays and gamma-rays, both results implying that external inverse Compton is the dominant gamma-ray emission mechanism. This is the first time that observational evidence is presented for a change in the dominant gamma-ray emission mechanism in a blazar. During period B there are multiple flares in the bands from 1mm to UV, however, none of these show a counterpart in the gamma-rays band. We propose that this is caused by an increase in the gamma-ray opacity due to electron-positron pair production.
The cell agar plate screening for antitumor cell effect. I. Screening results of 1300 organic compounds.

The cell agar plate screening method for antitumor cell effect (Yamazaki et al., 1956) was applied to 1300 organic compounds. The method is based on the inhibition of the dehydrogenase activity (on 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenol) of cancer cells mixed in the agar containing Hanks' solution. The inhibitory activity against dehydrogenase system of cancer cell is arbitrarily expressed by mm in diameter of non-reduced zone on the agar surface around the cylinder containing a drug suspension, in a way analogous to the cylinder plate assay for antibacterial substances. The preliminary report was already published (Mizuno et al., 1957).
Predicting Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema Using Self-Reported Symptoms

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the accuracy of using self-reported signs and symptoms to identify the presence of lymphedema as well as the usefulness of identifying clinically measurable lymphedema on the basis of certain symptoms elicited by the Lymphedema Breast Cancer Questionnaire (LBCQ). MethodsThis analysis used logistic regression to identify symptoms predictive of differences between symptom experiences of participants belonging to two distinct groups (study A): those with known post-breast cancer lymphedema (n = 40) and those in a control group of women with no history of breast cancer or lymphedema (n = 40). Symptoms in this model of best fit were used to examine their relation to limb circumferences of breast cancer survivors in a second independent data set (study B; n = 103) in which a diagnosis of known lymphedema was not previously determined using symptom experiences. ResultsThe presence of lymphedema was predicted by three symptoms comprising a model of best fit for study A (c = .952): “heaviness in past year,” “swelling now,” and “numbness in past year. ” Using this model, prediction of absolute maximal circumferential limb difference (i.e., ≥2 cm) in study B showed that “heaviness in the past year” (p = .0279) and “swelling now” (p = .0007) were predictive. “Numbness in the past year” was not predictive. However, those with lesser limb differences reported this symptom more often. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that changes in sensations may be indicators of early lymphedema or other treatment-related sequelae that must be assessed carefully at each follow-up visit and over time. A combination of symptom assessment and limb volume measurement may provide the best clinical assessment data for identifying changes associated with post-breast cancer lymphedema.
A Study on the Effect of Design Factors of Slim Keyboard’s Tactile Feedback

: With the rapid development of computer technology, the design of computers and keyboards moves towards a trend of slimness. The change of mobile input devices directly influences users’ behavior. Although multi-touch applications allow entering texts through a virtual keyboard, the performance, feedback, and comfortableness of the technology is inferior to traditional keyboard, and while manufacturers launch mobile touch keyboards and projection keyboards, the performance has not been satisfying. Therefore, this study discussed the design factors of slim pressure-sensitive keyboards. The factors were evaluated with an objective (accuracy and speed) and a subjective evaluation (operability, recognition, feedback, and difficulty) depending on the shape (circle, rectangle, and L-shaped), thickness (flat, 3mm, and 6mm), and force (35±10g, 60±10g, and 85±10g) of the keyboard. Moreover, MANOVA and Taguchi methods (regarding signal-to-noise ratios) were conducted to find the optimal level of each design factor. The research participants, by their typing speed (30 words/ minute), were divided in two groups. Considering the multitude of variables and levels, the experiments were implemented using the fractional factorial design. A representative model of the research samples were established for input task testing. The findings of this study showed that participants with low typing speed primarily relied on vision to recognize the keys, and those with high typing speed relied on tactile feedback that was affected by the thickness and force of the keys. In the objective and subjective evaluation, a combination of keyboard design factors that might result in higher performance and satisfaction was identified (L-shaped, 3mm, and 60±10g) as the optimal combination. The learning curve was analyzed to make a comparison with a traditional standard keyboard to investigate the influence of user experience on keyboard operation. The research results indicated the optimal combination provided input performance to inferior to a standard keyboard. The results could serve as a reference for the development of related products in industry and for applying comprehensively to touch devices and input interfaces which are interacted with people.
Specific requirements on SPDs installed on the DC-side of PV-generators

This paper mainly focuses on the specific application of SPDs on the DC side of a PV- generator. Up to now, both the installation standards- such as IEC 60364-5-53 [1] and IEC 61643-12 [2] and the product standards for SPDs- such as IEC 61643-1 [3] cover only AC- applications of SPDs. In this paper the special requirements on SPDs in PV applications will be evaluated by computer simulation and laboratory testing. Discharge current requirements for SPDs on the DC -side of PV -generators will be derived from both computer simulations and laboratory testing. It will be explained by measurements on real PV systems- that for the specific application in PV circuits additionally the specific voltage-current -characteristic of the PV source has to be considered. This conclusion does not only have an impact on a realistic test of SPDs for PV applications. In order to allow reproducible tests of such PV -SPDs, a new laboratory source has been developed to test SPDs with a realistic voltage-current characteristic of PV -modules.
Estimating the origins of human trisomies and triploids

A counting method has been developed to estimate the probabilities of origin of trisomy and triploidy. A method for finding the standard errors of the estimators has also been developed. It has also been shown that this counting method is equivalent to the method of maximum likelihood. The method extends to situations representable by ‘tree diagrams’.
Word List Generation Performancein Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

ABSTRACT Word list generation (WLG) was examined among clinical samples of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 73) or ischemic vascular dementia (IVD) (n = 85), equivalent in age, education, current and estimated premorbid intellectual functioning, and proportion of men and women. The AD group performed significantly better than did the IVD group on lexical WLG, and a trend was observed indicating superior performance among the IVD group on categorical WLG. Within-groups, comparisons of group means, and profile analyses of individual performance patterns all indicated that persons with AD demonstrated a lexical > categorical pattern significantly more often than did IVD participants. The absolute difference in average performance between the AD and IVD groups on lexical and categorical WLG was small; the findings, however, generally support the clinical utility of the lexical > categorical WLG pattern in the differential diagnosis of AD and IVD. The patterns of performance support the presence of relative impairment in semantic processing among the individuals with AD and global deficits in retrieval and processing speed in individuals with IVD.
Comparative and Transcriptome Analyses Uncover Key Aspects of Coding- and Long Noncoding RNAs in Flatworm Mitochondrial Genomes

Exploiting the conservation of various features of mitochondrial genomes has been instrumental in resolving phylogenetic relationships. Despite extensive sequence evidence, it has not previously been possible to conclusively resolve some key aspects of flatworm mitochondrial genomes, including generally conserved traits, such as start codons, noncoding regions, the full complement of tRNAs, and whether ATP8 is, or is not, encoded by this extranuclear genome. In an effort to address these difficulties, we sought to determine the mitochondrial transcriptomes and genomes of sexual and asexual taxa of freshwater triclads, a group previously poorly represented in flatworm mitogenomic studies. We have discovered evidence for an alternative start codon, an extended cox1 gene, a previously undescribed conserved open reading frame, long noncoding RNAs, and a highly conserved gene order across the large evolutionary distances represented within the triclads. Our findings contribute to the expansion and refinement of mitogenomics to address evolutionary issues in this diverse group of animals.
Méthodes d'ensembles pour l'apprentissage multi-tâche avec des tâches hétérogènes et sans restrictions. (Ensemble Methods to Learn Multiple Heterogenous Tasks without Restrictions)

Apprendre des tâches simultanement peut ameliorer la performance de prediction par rapport a l'apprentissage de ces tâches de maniere independante. Dans cette these, nous considerons l'apprentissage multi-tâche lorsque le nombre de tâches est grand. En outre, nous debattons des restrictions imposees sur les tâches. Ces restrictions peuvent etre trouvees dans les methodes de l'etat de l'art. Plus precisement on trouve les restrictions suivantes : l'imposition du meme espace d'etiquette sur les tâches, l'exigence des memes exemples d'apprentissage entre tâches et / ou supposant une hypothese de correlation globale entre tâches. Nous proposons des nouveaux classificateurs multi-tâches qui relaxent les restrictions precedentes. Nos classificateurs sont consideres en fonction de la theorie de l'apprentissage PAC des classifieurs faibles, donc, afin de parvenir a un faible taux d'erreur de classification, un ensemble de ces classifieurs faibles doivent etre appris. Ce cadre est appele l'apprentissage d'ensembles, dans lequel nous proposons un algorithme d'apprentissage multi-tâche inspire de l'algorithme Adaboost pour seule tâche. Differentes variantes sont proposees egalement, a savoir, les forets aleatoires pour le multi-tâche, c'est une methode d'apprentissage d'ensemble, mais fondee sur le principe statistique d'echantillonnage Bootstrap. Enfin, nous donnons une validation experimentale qui montre que l'approche sur-performe des methodes existantes et permet d'apprendre des nouvelles configurations de tâches qui ne correspondent pas aux methodes de l'etat de l'art.
LoanOnt-A Rule Based Ontology for Personal Loan Eligibility Evaluation

In recent years, significant attention has been given to understand and implement banking solutions. The global competitive business environment and advancement in Information Technology and in particular internet technologies has facilitated the carrying out of banking activities outside the brick and mortar premise of the banks. Credit availing schemes are the core of the banking industry. Many agencies are working on it so as to make this facility hassle free for the customers and also to minimize the losses incurred by the banks in the form of bad debts. The challenge has been, and still is, to recognize, communicate and steadily improvise the banking solutions. The internet technologies are a potential candidates to overcome these challenges. The paper describes LoanOnt Ontology with the associated implementation toolset for creating an interoperable and sustainable personal loan calculation solution which would provide an intercommunication platform to facilitate integration and interoperation of information across interacting applications in banking scenarios.
Reprogramming the genetic code: The emerging role of ribosomal frameshifting in regulating cellular gene expression

Reading frame maintenance is a critical property of ribosomes. However, a number of genetic elements have been described that can induce ribosomes to shift on mRNAs, the most well understood of which are a class that directs ribosomal slippage by one base in 5' (‐1) direction. This is referred to as programmed ‐1 ribosomal frameshifting (‐1 PRF). Recently, a new ‐1 PRF promoting element was serendipitously discovered in a study examining the effects of stretches of adenosines in the coding sequences of mRNAs. Here, we discuss this finding, recent studies describing how ‐1 PRF is used to control gene expression in eukaryotes, and how ‐1 PRF is itself regulated. The implications of dysregulation of ‐1 PRF on human health are examined, as are possible new areas in which novel ‐1 PRF promoting elements might be discovered.