Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of 90 nm CMOS LFSR test vector generator for FPGA floating point arithmetic unit

In this paper, we present the LFSR Test Vector Generator for Floating Point Arithmetic Unit (FPAU); it improves the performance of multimedia processing with low hardware cost. Here, we focused on a decimal floating point unit which consists of adder and subtractor for high speed computing. It takes input as binary real numbers, converts them into single precision IEEE 754 format floating point numbers, performs operations and gives the output with high precision. We used Guard bit, Sticky bit and Round bit to get output with good precision. At last, we tested the unit by the values from LFSR. The FPAU was modeled and synthesized in Verilog HDL and LFSR was implemented 90nm CMOS technology.
PREDICTING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT REGIONS OF PUNJAB USING CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES

Education is a key factor for achieving a long-term economic progress. Although the educational level of punjab has been improved in the last decades. But results can be more improved if little attention is paid . As competitive environment is prevailing among the academic institutions, challenge is to increase the quality of education through data mining. Student's performance is a great concern for academic institutions. To cope up with problems of education institutions, data mining techniques can provide solution and smooth functioning of data mining in best possible manner. These classification methods will be useful to identify the weak students and help them to score better marks. A variety of algorithms like C4.5, ID3 and CART can be applied to the study. In this study, C4.5 algorithm is applied on Student of different colleges of Punjab to predict their performance in the final examination. This algorithm is predicted whether the student is going to pass or fail in the final examination. If the outcome of this test is predicted as failure then extra earlier effort can be provided to the student which will improve his result. In context of result preparation various issues of Marks input, manipulation, retrieving and handling for proper analysis is done, through which next session planning is possible. The study has proved that the prediction algorithm helps to achieve better results.
Active Anti-Synchronization of two Identical and Different Fractional-Order Chaotic Systems

Fractional order dynamical systems have attracted increasing interest in recent years. In this par- ticular paper, the anti-synchronization behavior of the fractional-order chaotic systems is intricately explored by using an active control method. The sufficient conditions for achieving the anti-synchronization of two fractional-order chaotic systems are derived based on the stability theory of fractional-order systems. Theo- retical analysis and numerical simulations are shown to verify the results.
The Possible overlap between Salinity and Mechanical Challenges in Porteresia Coarctata

In nature, certain abiotic stresses constitutively acting on plants often go unrecognized. Mechanical stress is one of such stresses, which is manifested on a plant as low-spectrum pressure on the cell membrane due to wind, soil hindrance, gravity or wave current. Although all plants face constant threats from mechanical stress, some ecosystems are more prone to receive such stress. Mangrove vegetation is daily inundated by saline tidal waves that pose a serious threat to the soil binding force of forest undergrowth. Porteresia coarctata is a mangrove rice, which being wild, is avaluable germplasm for bioprospecting of genes and proteins that may confer salt-tolerance to domestic rice. However, P. coarctata is important from ecological point of view as its salt and mechanical stress tolerance is an integral part of the mangrove ecosystem. It is not possible to understand the basic biology of P. coarctata without an ecological perspective. The subterranean part of Porteresia provides a high anchorage and binds soil, thus stabilizing the mangrove vegetation. The root system architecture of Porteresia is unique, with a rhizome and rhizoid-like rootlets. The root system interacts with both salinity and mechanical threat directly, and thus it is important to understand the molecular ecophysiology of Porteresia root and rhizomes to understand the nature of overlap between salinity and mechanical stress in a mangrove ecosystem, which is still elusive.
Title Dreams deferred : Contextualizing the health and psychosocial needs of undocumented Asian and Pacific Islander young adults in Northern California Permalink

There are currently 1.5 million undocumented Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs) in the US. Undocumented API young adults, in particular, come of age in a challenging political and social climate, but little is known about their health outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the psychosocial needs and health status of API undocumented young adults. Guided by social capital theory, this qualitative study describes the social context of API undocumented young adults (ages 18e31), including community and government perceptions, and how social relationships influence health. This study was conducted in Northern California and included four focus group discussions (FGDs) and 24 in-depth interviews (IDIs), with 32 unique participants total. FGDs used purposeful sampling by gender (two male and two female discussions) and education status (in school and out-of-school). Findings suggest low bonding and bridging social capital. Results indicate that community distrust is high, evenwithin the API community, due to high levels of exploitation, discrimination, and threats of deportation. Participants described how documentation status is a barrier in accessing health services, particularly mental health and sexual and reproductive health services. This study identifies trusted community groups and discusses recommendations for future research, programs, and policies. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Log data Approach to Acquisition of Optimal Bayesian Learner Model

Log data provide valuable insight into observable behavioural patterns, which could be inferred to study a learner's cognitive processes, levels of motivation and levels of knowledge acquisition. To date, most of the research work has been devoted to study the different methods to analyze and interpret log data. Little attention, however, has been given to use log data as a tool to investigate the behaviour of Bayesian learner models. In this light, this article discusses how log data could be employed to investigate the performance of Bayesian learner models. The log data were firstly transformed into a set of structured dataset, which conformed to the INQPRO's learner model. The transformed dataset were then fed into different versions of INQPRO's learner model to obtain their predictive accuracies. From the predictive accuracies, an optimal learner model was identified. Empirical results indicated that the log data approach provides an efficient way to study the behaviour of a Bayesian learner model
An Exploratory Study on Effect of Demographic Factors on Consumer Satisfaction and its Determinants in E-Retailing

The purpose of the study was to explore the impact of demography of online customers on e-satisfaction as well as on the determinants of e-satisfaction operating in e-retailing space in India. A theoretical model was derived in accordance with the literature and was tested empirically. Conveniently sampling technique was used. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire through personal and online mode. First of all a descriptive analysis was done and a demographic profile of the online customers was created. To explore any possible impact of these demographic factors on e-satisfaction and its determinants an exploratory factor analysis was done to consolidate the underlying constructs and ascertain the structure of determinants along with their factor scores. Once the underlying constructs were unearthed, the impact of each demographic was assessed on e-satisfaction and its each if its determinants separately by employing either t-test or ANOVA which was applicable. The results of exploratory factor analysis show that the e-satisfaction and its determinants can be consolidated into six underlying constructs or factors. The results of t-test and ANOVA conclude that most of the determinants are independent of the demography of the online customers. The demographic factors that were found to have significant impact are gender, education, age and income on convenience, e-satisfaction and merchandising, perceived value and financial transactions respectively.
Some Calculations in the Unstable Adams-Novikov Spectral Sequence

The unstable Adams-Novikov spectral sequence for a space X is a sequence of groups {Er(X)}9 r = 2, 3,. , which converge to the homotopy groups of X, and whose £2"term depends on the complex cobordism groups of X. We investigate this spectral sequence when X is the infinite special unitary group SU, or one of the finite groups SU(n), or when X is an odd sphere S2"+1. The reader is referred to [2] for the construction and properties of the unstable Adams-Novikov spectral sequence. For some purposes, it is convenient to localize at a prime p, in which case the complex cobordism homology theory, based on the spectrum MU, is replaced by Brown-Peterson homology, based on the spectrum BP. We then have a useful spectral sequence with many of the properties of the stable Adams-Novikov spectral sequence. Namely, the nitrations are less than or equal to the filtrations in the unstable Adams spectral sequence based on mod-p homology. When X is a space for which H*(X; BP) is free over the coefficient ring n*(BP) and cofree as a coalgebra, then the E2-term is isomorphic to an Ext group in an abelian category (see §2; also [2, § 7]). Furthermore, this Ext group may be computed as the homology of an unstable cobar complex which we describe explicitly in Section 2. In particular, these considerations apply to the cases X = SU, X = SU(ri), or X = S2n+1. We first consider the situation where X is a p-local H-space with torsion-free homotopy and torsion-free homology. The results of Wilson [10] and the
Study on Ovicidal and Side Effects of Diazinon and Imidaclopride on Cryptolaemus Montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Lethal and sub lethal effects of two insecticides, diazinon and imidaclopride, were studied on Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the laboratory conditions. The newly laid eggs of C. montrouzieri were exposed to the insecticides by dipping method. The obtained results indicated that diazinon and imidaclopride were moderate toxic (33-66%) to egg of C. montrouzieri (according to IOBC standard method). The significant differences were observed for pupal period, post oviposition, longevity and gross fecundity rate (GFR), Mean eggs per day, net reproductive rate (R0) and doubling time (DT) of C. montrouzieri between two examined insecticides. Imidaclopride showed the highest inhibiting effect on stable population growth parameters of C. montrouzieri.
Construction of Populism: Meanings Given to Populism in the Nordic Press

Abstract The terminology of populism is often taken for granted, even though the very meaning of populism is quite unclear. The article approaches populism by exploring the meanings given to the term in the Nordic press during the first parliamentary elections of the 2010s in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. A combination of the quantitative content analysis and the qualitative frame analysis of the leading quality and popular papers is favoured. In the study of the use of populism in the British press the conclusion was that the term was used more or less explicitly in a pejorative way, although uses of the term varied and had no consistent logic. In the Nordic press recurring frames were found, but the meanings given to populism were only fully understood in their political and cultural contexts. The different life phases of the domestic populist parties as well as differences in Nordic political cultures especially explain the variation in the usage of the term.
Spin dynamics of counterrotating Kitaev spirals via duality

Incommensurate spiral order is a common occurrence in frustrated magnetic insulators. Typically, all magnetic moments rotate uniformly, through the same wavevector. However the honeycomb iridates family Li2IrO3 shows an incommensurate order where spirals on neighboring sublattices are counter-rotating, giving each moment a different local environment. Theoretically describing its spin dynamics has remained a challenge: the Kitaev interactions proposed to stabilize this state, which arise from strong spin-orbit effects, induce magnon umklapp scattering processes in spin-wave theory. Here we propose an approach via a (Klein) duality transformation into a conventional spiral of a frustrated Heisenberg model, allowing a direct derivation of the dynamical structure factor. We analyze both Kitaev and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya based models, both of which can stabilize counterrotating spirals, but with different spin dynamics, and we propose experimental tests to identify the origin of counterrotation.
A New Troodontid Theropod from the Late Cretaceous of Central China, and the Radiation of Asian Troodontids

A new troodontid dinosaur, Xixiasaurus henanensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Majiacun Formation of the Xixia Basin, Henan Province, is erected, based on a partial skull. It is characterized by bearing 22 maxillary teeth, a distinct opening on the lateral surface of the base of nasal process of the premaxilla, the rostral end of the upper jaw forming a tapered U-shape, and the mandibular symphyseal region slightly inflected medially. Xixiasaurus is most closely related to the Mongolian Byronosaurus among troodontids. Byronosaurus, Urbacodon, and Xixiasaurus may form a new clade, suggesting an endemic radiation of troodontids across Asia, including multiple taxa without dental serrations. The discovery of Xixiasaurus in the Xixia Basin may imply that the Xixiasaurus-bearing Majiacun Formation is Campanian in age.
Spatial and temporal variability in water temperatures in the littoral zone of a multibasin lake

Current models of the offshore thermal structure in lakes suggest that the thermal regime inshore should vary seasonally, and should vary systematically from upwind to downwind littoral sites. To test these hypotheses, we measured mean temperature and short-term (<2 days) temporal variability in water temperature at 23 shallow littoral sites in four basins of Lake Opeongo, Ontario, Canada. Water temperature in the littoral zone was most variable, both spatially and temporally, in the spring. Spring water temperature differed by as much as 715°C among littoral sites in different basins (median difference among sites = 24°C). Downwind sites were generally warmer and had more constant temperature than upwind sites, but the magnitude of these differences varied among basins of different sizes and shapes. Simple calculations of growth rates and of fish hatching times suggest that the observed variability in water temperature would result in differences in the productivity of different portions of the littora.
Ethnic Diversity, Public Spending and Political Regimes

We study the relationship between ethnic diversity and public spending under two different political regimes, namely, democracy and dictatorship. We build a theory where political leaders (democratically elected or not) decide on the allocation of spending on different types of public goods: a general public good and an ethnically-targetable public good. We show that the relationship between public spending and ethnic diversity is qualitatively different under the two regimes. In particular, higher ethnic diversity leads to greater investment in general rather than group-specific public goods under democracy; the opposite relation obtains under dictatorship. We also discuss some implications of our results for economic performance and citizen's welfare.
Effects of Connectivity on the Forest Bird Communities of Adjacent Fragmented Landscapes

Summary. We assessed bird sensitivity to forest fragmentation in two adjacent landscapes in the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. One landscape is naturally fragmented and has high connectivity, whereas the other is human-fragmented and has low connectivity. We tested whether the sensitivity of bird species to fragmentation depends more on the intrinsic characteristics of the birds than on landscape connectivity. Point counts were used to sample small and large forest remnants in each landscape. The abundance of each species in these remnants was used as a proxy for sensitivity. To test whether the two landscapes differ in connectivity, we compared the following landscape metrics: landscape shape index (LSI), proximity index (PROX) and connectance index (CONNECT). We analysed the sensitivity of 85 species, 51 of which occurred exclusively in one of the two landscapes. In the landscape with low connectivity we recorded a large number of sensitive species. Among the 34 species that occurred in both landscapes, 24 species (18 non-sensitive and six sensitive) had the same sensitivity. Landscape connectivity seems to be more significant when we focus on the bird communities as a whole. However, when we focus on the same bird species in different landscapes, intrinsic characteristics of species seem to affect their sensitivity to fragmentation more than does landscape connectivity, especially for bird species with lower sensitivity. Therefore, our results show that increasing landscape connectivity may not be the best tool for bird conservation in naturally fragmented landscapes. Nevertheless, it will be important to test further whether forest bird species are more sensitive to environmental degradation in naturally fragmented landscapes than in human-fragmented landscapes.
Critérios e estratégias para garantir o rigor na pesquisa qualitativa

O objetivo do artigo e discutir a questao perene dos criterios e estrategias para assegurar maior rigor nas pesquisas qualitativas. O artigo foi elaborado a partir do levantamento bibliografico em livros e artigos publicados em revistas nacionais e internacionais sobre o tema e da experiencia do autor na conducao e orientacao de pesquisas neste paradigma. Discute a partir da natureza da pesquisa qualitativa que o respeito aos pressupostos embutidos neste paradigma no que diz respeito ao rigor merece seria consideracao e, fundamentalmente, e responsabilidade dos pesquisadores que utilizam esta abordagem assegurar que isso aconteca. Alem disso, analisa criterios como credibilidade, transferibilidade, dependibilidade e confirmabilidade e suas respectivas estrategias, considerando que estas questoes nao se constituem em fenomenos novos, pois ja sao discutidas ha muitos anos na literatura de pesquisa. Conclui sugerindo que adotar ou nao criterios ou, entao, quais criterios adotar para garantir o rigor na pesquisa qualitativa e uma questao que deve ser continuamente discutida entre pesquisadores, levando em consideracao as posicoes ontologicas, epistemologicas e as questoes metodologicas praticas de cada tradicao da pesquisa qualitativa.
Morphological Variation of Rusty Crayfish Orconectes rusticus (Cambaridae) with Gender and Local Scale Spatial Gradients

We tested for the influence of gender, stream, and urbanization on morphological variation in rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) in an east-central Indiana, US watershed. We used geometric morphometrics to characterize shape and tested for differences among and within sites. Males had shallower rostrum, increased head width and length, decreased abdomen and cephalothorax width and length, and increased telson length compared to females. Morphology of males did not vary with stream or along an urban gradient. The morphology of females varied with stream and along an urban gradient. Female shapes from small creek sites were stouter and less fusiform than larger river specimens. Following an urban gradient, females exhibited an increasingly reduced abdominal and telson area and a more fusiform rostrum. Morphological variation is linked with adaptation and subsequent success of aquatic taxa. Disentangling the potential influences on crayfish morphology has implications for improved understanding of ecosystem structure and conservation.
SPEECH COMMUNICATION AND INTELLIGIBILITY ENHANCEMENT BY MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM

Information theoretical concepts have been used in the analysis of human hearing and for the definition of measures of intelligibility. These models do not have the notion of production noise, but the model of considers sensory noise, Based on the assumption that different algorithms are likely to enjoy different qualities and suffer from different flaws, we investigate the possibility of combining the strengths of multiple speech enhancement algorithms, formulating the problem in an ensemble learning framework. As a first example of such a system, we consider the prediction of a time-frequency mask obtained from the clean speech, based on the outputs of various algorithms applied on the noisy mixture. We consider several approaches involving various notions of context and various machine learning algorithms for classification, in the case of binary masks, and regression, in the case of continuous masks. We show that combining several algorithms in this way can lead to an improvement in enhancement performance.