Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of PMSM drives – state of the art and future challenges

The issues of monitoring and fault diagnosis of drives with permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are currently very topical due to the increasing use of these drives in safety-critical devices. Every year, more and more articles on this subject are published. Therefore, the aim of this article is to update the overview of diagnostic methods and techniques for PMSM drives. Each of the main chapters of the article focuses on a specific element of the drive system (motor, power converter, measuring sensors), with particular emphasis on the components of the motor (stator windings, magnets, bearings, rotor). The main sections on PMSM fault diagnosis are divided according to the type of methods used to obtain the symptoms of the damage. In addition, a review of methods using the analysis of control structure signals for the diagnosis of damage to a vector-controlled motor is presented, as well as the latest achievements of researchers in the field of shallow and deep neural networks for the detection and classification of PMSM drives failures. Based on the presented literature analyses, some development trends and challenges related to the development of diagnostics and fault-tolerant control of PMSM drives are discussed in the conclusion part.
hLARP 7 C-terminal domain contains an xRRM that binds the 3 ′ hairpin of 7 SK RNA

The 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) sequesters and inactivates the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), an essential eukaryotic mRNA transcription factor. The human La-related protein group 7 (hLARP7) is a constitutive component of the 7SK snRNP and localizes to the 3′ terminus of the 7SK long noncoding RNA. hLARP7, and in particular its C-terminal domain (CTD), is essential for 7SK RNA stability and assembly with P-TEFb. The hLARP7 N-terminal La module binds and protects the 3′ end from degradation, but the structural and functional role of its CTD is unclear. We report the solution NMR structure of the hLARP7 CTD and show that this domain contains an xRRM, a class of atypical RRM first identified in the Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase LARP7 protein p65. The xRRM binds the 3′ end of 7SK RNA at the top of stem-loop 4 (SL4) and interacts with both unpaired and base-paired nucleotides. This study confirms that the xRRM is general to the LARP7 family of proteins and defines the binding site for hLARP7 on the 7SK RNA, providing insight into
Atomic view of the HIV-1 matrix lattice; implications on virus assembly and envelope incorporation

Significance The assembly of immature HIV-1 particles is initiated by targeting of the Gag polyproteins to the plasma membrane (PM). Gag binding to the PM is mediated by the N-terminally myristoylated matrix (myrMA) domain. Formation of a Gag lattice on the PM is obligatory for the assembly of immature HIV-1 and envelope (Env) incorporation. The structure of the myrMA lattice presented here provided insights on the molecular factors that stabilize the lattice and hence favor Env incorporation. Our data support a mechanism for Gag binding to the PM during the assembly of immature particles and upon maturation. These findings advance our understanding of a critical step in HIV-1 assembly.
The Effect of Destination Social Responsibility on Tourists’ Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Emotions

The purpose of this study is to define destination social responsibility as a multidimensional construct and examine the relationships between destination social responsibility, tourists’ emotions and their satisfaction, through the lens of corporate social responsibility. A model is empirically tested with a sample of 359 random foreign tourists visiting Hoi An, Vietnam. The results indicate that all destination social responsibility dimensions, including economic, environmental, legal–ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities significantly enhance tourists’ emotions, while only legal–ethical and philanthropic responsibilities directly affect tourists’ satisfaction. The findings also confirm the mediating effect of emotions between destination social responsibility and tourists’ overall satisfaction.
Ethylene modulates translation dynamics in Arabidopsis under submergence via GCN2 and EIN2

General translational repression is a key process that reduces energy consumption under hypoxia. Here, we show that plant stress-activated general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) was activated to regulate the reduction in polysome loading during submergence in Arabidopsis. GCN2 signaling was activated by ethylene under submergence. GCN2 activity was reduced in etr1-1, but not in ein2-5 or eil1ein3, under submergence, suggesting that GCN2 activity is regulated by a noncanonical ethylene signaling pathway. Polysome loading was not reduced in ein2-5 under submergence, implying that ethylene modulates translation via both EIN2 and GCN2. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that EIN2 and GCN2 regulate not only general translational repression but also translational enhancement of specific mRNAs under submergence. Together, these results demonstrate that during submergence, entrapped ethylene triggers GCN2 and EIN2 to regulate translation dynamics and ensure the translation of stress response proteins.
In fl uence of hydrogen and halogen adsorption on the photocatalytic water splitting activity of C 2 N monolayer : A fi rst-principles study

Adsorption of impurity atoms or molecules on the surface of photocatalysts may improve or worsen the photocatalytic activity due to chemical bond relaxations. Herein, we demonstrate the influence of molecular adsorbates such as H2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2 on the electronic properties and photocatalytic activity of the nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) using hybrid density functional calculations including van der Waals interaction. Hydrogen and halogen molecules prefer to physisorb on the holey site except F2 which has substantial chemisorption. The halogens tend to draw electrons from C2N monolayer due to their high electronegativity and thereby introduce new band states which significantly alters the optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties. Although F2 and Br2 adsorbed C2N have favorable band edge positions, I2 adsorbed C2N is more promising for hydrogen production because of its appropriate band edge positions relative to the water redox potentials. Optical absorption spectra reveals that all these systems are visible light active and therefore they could harvest more incoming light. We have demonstrated here for the first time that intermediate bandgap states can be introduced in C2N system by adsorbing halogen molecules and our theoretical findings suggest that I2 adsorbed C2N monolayer is a promising candidate for photocatalytic water splitting. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Future climate projection of heat indices for Austrian major cities: Strengthening urban resilience and meeting user needs

Based on Earth Observation and modelling data, climate indicators for urban regions can support sustainable urban planning, risk management and environmental protection. The current study demonstrates the development of climate services for major cities in Austria by providing climate projections on an urban scale. This approach focuses on heat indices and improves the data uptake by end users through standardizing modelling methodology, as well as formats, and facilitating data access. This enables quick visualization using data services of the Austrian national Climate Change Data Centre.
Doing Democratic Theory Democratically

Over centuries, democratic theory has developed emancipatory ideals of inclusion, agency and transparency. These ideals, however, have scarcely been applied to the process of theorizing itself. Democratic theory is a product of the academic ivory tower. This article sets out to confront this problem and formulates democratic theorizing as an alternative to established approaches to theorizing democracy. It does so by conceptualizing democratic theory production as a democratic innovation. Democratic theorizing needs to include affected people, empower those on the margins and facilitate transparency. The proposed approach attempts to realize these ideals by bringing together three methodological traditions: grounded theory (in its critical indigenous version), participatory research and assemblage theory. The resulting approach of democratic theorizing draws on an ongoing engagement with the Black Lives Matter movement. The article discusses nine guiding principles of democratic theorizing and presents concrete building blocks to shape a democratic theorizing project.
Spurious shear in weak lensing with the large synoptic survey telescope

The complete 10-year survey from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will image $\sim$ 20,000 square degrees of sky in six filter bands every few nights, bringing the final survey depth to $r\sim27.5$, with over 4 billion well measured galaxies. To take full advantage of this unprecedented statistical power, the systematic errors associated with weak lensing measurements need to be controlled to a level similar to the statistical errors. This work is the first attempt to quantitatively estimate the absolute level and statistical properties of the systematic errors on weak lensing shear measurements due to the most important physical effects in the LSST system via high fidelity ray-tracing simulations. We identify and isolate the different sources of algorithm-independent, \textit{additive} systematic errors on shear measurements for LSST and predict their impact on the final cosmic shear measurements using conventional weak lensing analysis techniques. We find that the main source of the errors comes from an inability to adequately characterise the atmospheric point spread function (PSF) due to its high frequency spatial variation on angular scales smaller than $\sim10'$ in the single short exposures, which propagates into a spurious shear correlation function at the $10^{-4}$--$10^{-3}$ level on these scales. With the large multi-epoch dataset that will be acquired by LSST, the stochastic errors average out, bringing the final spurious shear correlation function to a level very close to the statistical errors. Our results imply that the cosmological constraints from LSST will not be severely limited by these algorithm-independent, additive systematic effects.
Glacial North Atlantic Water shoal ?

Observations of δ13C and Cd/Ca from benthic foraminifera have been interpreted to reflect a shoaling of northern source waters by about 1000 m during the Last Glacial Maximum, with the degree of shoaling being significant enough for the water mass to be renamed Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water. These nutrient tracers, however, may not solely reflect changes in water mass distributions. To quantify the distribution of Glacial North Atlantic Water, we perform a glacial water mass decomposition where the sparsity of data, geometrical constraints, and nonconservative tracer effects are taken into account, and the extrapolation for the unknown water mass end-members is guided by the modern-day circulation. Under the assumption that the glacial sources of remineralized material are similar to that of the modern day, we find a steady solution consistent with 241 δ13C, 87 Cd/Ca, and 174 δ18O observations and their respective uncertainties. The water mass decomposition indicates that the core of Glacial North Atlantic Water shoals and southern source water extends in greater quantities into the abyssal North Atlantic, as previously inferred. The depth of the deep northern-southern water mass interface and the volume of North Atlantic Water, however, are not grossly different from that of the modern day. Under this scenario, the vertical structure of glacial δ13C and Cd/Ca is primarily due to the greater accumulation of nutrients in lower North Atlantic Water, which may be a signal of the hoarding of excess carbon from the atmosphere by the glacial Atlantic.
MODERATE DEVIATIONS IN SUBSAMPLING DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATION

In Politis and Romano (1994) the subsampling methodology was put forth for approximating the sampling distribution (and the corresponding quantiles) of general statistics from i.i. d. and stationary data. In this note, we address the question of how well the subsampling distribution approximates the tail of the target distribution. In the regular setting of the sample mean of an m-dependent sequence we show a moderate deviation property of the subsampling distribution.
Forecasting of Black Pepper Price in Karnataka State: An Application of ARIMA and ARCH Models

Black pepper is an important spice crop in the Karnataka state. The analysis of price over time is important for formulating a sound agricultural price policy. Agricultural prices give the signal to both producers and consumers regarding the level of production and consumption. Changes in the relative prices of the various agricultural commodities affect the allocation of resources among agricultural commodities by the producers. Agricultural price movements have been a matter of serious concern for policy makers in our country as the behaviour of agricultural prices adversely affects the steady economic development. Among other things, price plays a strategic role in influencing the cultivation of pepper. Indeed, the price analysis of pepper assumes greater significance not only to the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 01 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Autonomous Vehicular Landings on the Deck of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Summary Autonomous landing on the deck of a boat or an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) is the minimum requirement for increasing the autonomy of water monitoring missions. This paper introduces an end-to-end control technique based on deep reinforcement learning for landing an unmanned aerial vehicle on a visual marker located on the deck of a USV. The solution proposed consists of a hierarchy of Deep Q-Networks (DQNs) used as high-level navigation policies that address the two phases of the flight: the marker detection and the descending manoeuvre. Few technical improvements have been proposed to stabilize the learning process, such as the combination of vanilla and double DQNs, and a partitioned buffer replay. Simulated studies proved the robustness of the proposed algorithm against different perturbations acting on the marine vessel. The performances obtained are comparable with a state-of-the-art method based on template matching.
Designing a cross-correlation search for continuous-wave gravitational radiation from a neutron star in the supernova remnant SNR 1987A

A strategy is devised for a semi-coherent cross-correlation search for a young neutron star in the supernova remnant SNR 1987A, using science data from the Initial LIGO and/or Virgo detectors. An astrophysical model for the gravitational wave phase is introduced which describes the star’s spin down in terms of its magnetic field strength B and ellipticity ǫ, instead of its frequency derivatives. The model accurately tracks the gravitational wave phase from a rapidly decelerating neutron star under the restrictive but computationally unavoidable assumption of constant braking index, an issue which has hindered previous searches for such young objects. The theoretical sensitivity is calculated and compared to the indirect, age-based wave strain upper limit. The agebased limit lies above the detection threshold in the frequency band 75Hz . ν . 450Hz. The semi-coherent phase metric is also calculated and used to estimate the optimal search template spacing for the search. The range of search parameters that can be covered given our computational resources (� 10 9 templates) is also estimated. For Initial LIGO sensitivity, in the frequency band between 50Hz and 500Hz, in the absence of a detected signal, we should be able to set limits of B & 10 11 G and ǫ . 10 4 .
The neural signature of the decision value of future pain

Significance We often willingly experience pain to reach a goal. However, potential pain can also prevent reckless action. How do we consider future pain when deciding on the best course of action? To date, the precise neural mechanisms underlying the valuation of future pain remain unknown. Using functional MRI, we derive a whole-brain signature of the value of future pain capable of predicting participants’ choices to accept pain in exchange for a reward. We show that this signature is characterized by a distributed pattern of activity with clear contributions from structures encoding reward and salience, notably the ventral and dorsal striatum. These findings highlight how the brain assigns value to future pain when choosing the best course of action.
Optimal Incentives under Moral Hazard: From Theory to Practice∗

This paper aims to improve the practical applicability of the classic theory of incentive contracts under moral hazard. We show that the information provided by an A/B test of incentive contracts is a sufficient statistic for the question of how best to locally improve a status quo incentive contract, given a priori knowledge of the agent’s monetary preferences. We assess the empirical relevance of this result using data from DellaVigna and Pope’s (2017) study of a variety of incentive contracts. Finally, we discuss how our framework can be extended to incorporate additional considerations beyond those in the classic theory. ∗We are grateful to Iwan Barankay, Dan Barron, Hector Chade, Ben Golub, Eddie Lazear, Nathan Seegert, and Jeroen Swinkels, as well as to participants at several seminars and conferences for helpful comments. Finally, we thank Henrique Brasiliense De Castro Pires for excellent research assistance. †Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, U.S.A. , ggeorgiadis@kellogg.northwestern. edu and mike-powell@kellogg.northwestern. edu .
hotophysical properties and interactions of xanthene dyes in aqueous micelles iogo

Photosensitizers (PS) photodynamic activities are regulated by their location in the biological target, which modulates their photophysical and photochemical features. In this work the PS partition for the Xanthene Dyes Fluorescein (FSC), Eosin Y (EOS), Erythrosin B (ERY) and Rose Bengal B (RBB) in biomimetic models (SDS, CTAB and Pluronic P-123 micelles) and the effects on their photophysical characteristics are evaluated. The hydrophobic and electrostatic forces that govern the PS–micelle interaction are analyzed. At physiological pH (7.25), the ability of the dianionic protolytic form of the dyes to be positioned into the micelle palisade and its micelle interaction depends not only on the hydrophobicity of the dye but also on the micellar surface charge. The Binding Constants obey exactly the same order of the Partition Coefficients for the dyes in P-123 and CTAB micelles. The Stern–Volmer treatment pointed out that dyes inding constants hotodynamic therapy are located inside the micelle, especially ERY and RBB. The magnitude of the dye–micelle interaction increased from SDS, P-123 and finally CTAB micelles due to the charges between dye and micelle, and among the xanthenes, their hydrophobic characteristics. Within the micelle pseudo phase, ERY and RBB are still very efficient photosensitizers exhibiting high quantum yield of singlet oxygen, which turns them very attractive especially with P-123 polymeric system as drug delivery systems in photodynamic therapy.
Issues for recruitment and retention of clinical research professionals at academic medical centers: Part 1 – collaborative conversations Un-Meeting findings

Abstract Background: Identification of evidence-based factors related to status of the clinical research professional (CRP) workforce at academic medical centers (AMCs) will provide context for National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) policy considerations and guidance. The objective of this study is to explore barriers and opportunities related to the recruitment and retention of the CRP workforce. Materials and Methods: Qualitative data from a series of Un-Meeting breakout sessions and open-text survey questions were analyzed to explore barriers and recommendations for improving AMC CRP recruitment, retention and diversity. Results: While certain institutions have established competency-based frameworks for job descriptions, standardization remains generally lacking across CTSAs. AMCs report substantial increases in unfilled CRP positions leading to operational instability. Data confirmed an urgent need for closing gaps in CRP workforce at AMCs, especially for attracting, training, retaining, and diversifying qualified personnel. Improved collaboration with human resource departments, engagement with principal investigators, and overcoming both organizational and resource challenges were suggested strategies, as well as development of outreach to universities, community colleges, and high schools raising awareness of CRP career pathways. Discussion: Based on input from 130 CRP leaders at 35 CTSAs, four National Institute of General Medical Sciences’ Institutional Development Award (IDeA) program sites, along with industry and government representatives, we identified several barriers to successful recruitment and retention of a highly trained and diverse CRP workforce. Results, including securing institutional support, champions, standardizing and adopting proven national models, improving local institutional policies to facilitate CRP hiring and job progression point to potential solutions.
Cognitive styles in the use of spatial direction terms

Let us, by way of introduction, consider two spatial descriptions obtained in an experiment to be described more fully below. The two descriptions are of the same spatial pattern, namely the one presented in Figure 1, but were given by two different subjects. One subject was a male student, while the other was a female housekeeper. Subsequently, they will be referred to as 'he' and 'she'. The subjects had been instructed to describe the pattern in such a way that a listener familiar with the type of patterns involved would be able to redraw the pattern accurately from a tape recording made of their speech. The instructions moreover asked the subjects to start the description at the node marked by an arrow.
An Empirical Assessment of the Impact of Subsidies on EV adoption in China: A Difference-in-Differences Approach 2021-06-07

It is widely recognized that Electric vehicles (EVs) will play a crucial role in the electrification of transport, which is necessary for reaching a net-zero emissions economy. This recognition is reflected in the number of initiatives introduced worldwide to promote the EV industry, ranging from purchase subsidies to the provision of charging infrastructure and direct industry assistance. In this context, the Chinese government introduced a comprehensive program of government subsidies to support the sale of EVs. This paper estimates the impacts of these subsidies on EV sales in China using the difference-in-differences (DID) and propensity score matching (PSM) approach. Based on the panel data at city level from 2009 to 2018, we show that subsidies were the major contributor to the increase in EV sales. Our results suggest that the provision of infrastructure such as charging piles is also an important contributing factor. These findings are robust across model specifications and regression approaches. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the treatment effect is heterogeneous across EV types, city sizes and regions. Our results provide empirical support for the current policy settings designed to promote EV sales in China. JEL classification: Q48, C13, C54.