Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Species Diversity and Relative Abundance of Fisheries Resources Found in Beach Seine along the Central Coast of Ghana

The diversity and relative species abundance of fisheries resources were studied from Winneba to Cape Coast on the central coast of Ghana during December 2007 to May 2009. Samples of organisms were collected at random from beach seine landings during the study period. The fishes were counted and identified to the family and species levels. Ecological indices such as Shannon-Wiener diversity index, equitability and Sorenson’s similarity index were used to analyse the data. Specimens from Winneba, Saltpond and Cape Coast comprise 56 species belonging to 30 families. Carangidae, Haemulidae, Clupeidae and Sciaenidae were some of the families, where key species occurred during the study. The relative abundance of key organisms in the beach seine landings include Chloroscombrus chrysurus (26.0%) in 2007, Brachydeuterus auritus (22.8%) in 2008, Ilisha africana (14.7%) in 2008, Sardinella aurita (13.1%) in 2009 and Selene dorsalis (11.2%) in 2007. The organisms that were in low relative abundance were Acanthurus monroviae, Penaeus notialis, Galeoides decadactylus and Trichiurus lepturus . Shannon-Wiener diversity index, estimated in the study, ranged from 2.54 to 2.83. Species equitability range was 0.67–0.77, and the Sorenson’s similarity estimated ranged was 0.66–0.69. The estimations of fish species diversity and equitability were higher (H’ = 2.83; J’ = 0.77) during the 2009 study in the central coast of Ghana. The similarity indicators in the various paired periods during the study showed considerable similarity in the organisms that were exploited by the beach seine in the area. The study explains the linkage between the diversity and relative species abundance of the coastal fisheries resources and offshore marine resources in Ghana, and the need to regulate beach seine operations in order not to over exploit the juvenile stocks.
PROTECTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC MACHINERY BY UP-REGULATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN CONTRASTING TOMATO GENOTYPES UNDER DROUGHT

Current study was designed to evaluate the drought effect on some physiological and biochemical properties of tomato plants. Some native and exotic tomato genotypes were subjected to drought stress to investigate the effect on antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic machinery. The tomato genotypes were exposed to different water regimes viz: 80, 60 and 40% of field capacity. Statistical analysis revealed significant interactions in some physiological parameters including transpiration rate (E), photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs). Drought stress enhanced the above properties in tolerant varieties like ‘L. pennellii’, ‘L. chilense’, ‘Lyallpur-1’ and ‘CLN1767’ in contrast to rest of the water stress sensitive genotypes. Moreover, same type of significant elevations were also observed when antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were caloremitrcially quantified in drought tolerant tomato varieties. Overall, it was found that some tomato genotypes maintained their degree of water stress tolerance during their growth but with varying mechanism of water stress tolerance. Moreover, the above mentioned physiological and biochemical characteristics can act as valuable markers for selection and breeding programs for development of drought tolerant tomato genotypes.
Host in Danger? Detecting Network Intrusions from Authentication Logs

Recently, network infiltrations due to advanced persistent threats (APTs) have grown significantly, resulting in considerable losses to businesses and organizations. APTs are stealthy attacks with the primary objective of gaining unauthorized access to network assets. They often remain dormant for an extended period of time, which makes their detection challenging. In this paper, we leverage machine learning (ML) to detect hosts in a network that are targeted by an APT attack. We evaluate a number of ML classifiers to detect susceptible hosts in the Los Alamos National Lab dataset. We explore (i) graph-based features extracted from multiple data sources i.e., network flows and host authentication logs, (ii) feature engineering to reduce dimensionality, and (iii) balancing the training dataset using numerous over- and under-sampling techniques. Finally, we compare our model to the state-of-the-art approaches that leverage the same dataset, and show that our model outperforms them with respect to prediction performance and overhead.
Mediation of attitude toward brand on the relationship between service brand credibility and purchase intentions

The current study empirically examine the interrelationship between service brand credibility, attitude toward brand and purchase intentions. Furthermore, the study also investigates the mediating role of attitude toward brand in understanding the relationship between brand credibility and purchase intentions in service sector of Pakistan. The results are based on the perceptions of universities students (n = 309) regarding fast food restaurants and transport services in Pakistan. Linear regression and Sobel test are used to examine the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal that both brand credibility and attitude toward brand positively impact purchase intentions. The attitude toward brand partially mediates the relationship between brand credibility and purchase intentions. This study provides insights for advertisers and brand managers to manage brand communication campaigns more consciously and deliberately in service sector. The limitations are also discussed along with recommendations for future research.
Tilburg University Shallow parsing on the basis of words only

We describe a case study in which a memory-based learning algorithm is trained to simultaneously chunk sentences and assign grammatical function tags to these chunks. We compare the algorithm’s performance on this parsing task with varying training set sizes (yielding learning curves) and different input representations. In particular we compare input consisting of words only, a variant that includes word form information for lowfrequency words, gold-standard POS only, and combinations of these. The wordbased shallow parser displays an apparently log-linear increase in performance, and surpasses the flatter POS-based curve at about 50,000 sentences of training data. The low-frequency variant performs even better, and the combination performs best. Comparative experiments with a real POS tagger produce lower results. We argue that we might not need an explicit intermediate POS-tagging step for parsing when a sufficient amount of training material is available and word form information is used for low-frequency words.
Antireconstruction as layering*

This paper provides a unified explanation for a number of cases where noncanonical agreement seems to bleed A-reconstruction. One comes from group nouns in British English, such as team or committee. Although these nouns seem to be syntactically singular, as seen by the requirement that they take singular demonstratives (this/*these team), they can control either singular or plural agreement in British English. This is noncanonical in the sense that it marks a (dialect-specific) departure from the standard scenario where T Agrees with syntactic number features. As noted by Sauerland and Elbourne (2002), group noun DPs cannot reconstruct for low scope when there is plural agreement.
Proposed revisions to IEEE Standard 998 ( 1996 ) “ Guide for Direct Lightning Stroke Shielding of Substations ”

The EGM, first introduced by Whitehead in the late 1960’s, links two important parameters of the lightning stroke to an earthed structure, namely the prospective peak stroke current, Ip, and the striking distance, S. The empirical relationship obtained for S, using the downward leader charge and the electric field for air breakdown to link it to the stroke current, is often called the “simple EGM” and is given by
Evaluation of raspberry cultivars grown in the western Serbia region

Leposavic A. , Đurovi D. , Keserovi Z. , Popovi B. , Mitrovi O. , Mileti N. , Magazin N. , 2013. Evaluation of raspberry cultivars grown in the western Serbia region. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 40: 1–7. A trial was conducted to determine biological and pomological traits of raspberry cultivars grown in western Serbia region (2003–2006) with the aim to introduce those with the most desirable properties into production. Th e studies included morphometrical properties of fruits, i.e. number of drupes and seed mass, as well as yield properties viz. yields per shoot, meter and unit of land area. Fruits of cv. Tulameen and selection K 81-6 (4.28 g and 4.11 g, respectively) were larger than those of cv. Willamette (3.40 g) which, in this respect was superior to cvs Meeker (3.29 g) and Latham (2.40 g). Th e greatest number of drupes was recorded in selection K 81-6 (94.97), whereas drupes were fewest in cv. Latham (54.79). As regards seed mass, cv. Tulameen performed the best (2.68 mg), while cv. Latham recorded only 1.49 mg. Seed mass in the cultivars and selection studied was signifi cantly higher in dry seasons, i.e. the fi rst and third year of study. Th e greatest average number of shoots per meter and total number of shoots per hectare were observed in cv. Willamette (5.51 and 22,026; respectively), while, in this regard, cv. Tulameen (5.43 and 21,712; respectively) and selection K 81-6 (5.43 and 21,711; respectively) had the poorest performance. Cv. Willamette gave the highest yields per shoot (449 g), meter (2,475 g) and unit land area (9,900.49 kg/ha), whereas the yields examined were the lowest in cv. Latham (5,692.08 kg/ha) which also had the highest percentage of misshapen fruits (2.06%). Th e third year of study recorded the highest number of misshapen fruits in all the cultivars and selection studied (2.00%).
Report on the Exploratory Fact-Finding Scoping Study on “ Digital Sequence Information ” on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

1. The Commission, at its last session, established a new work stream on “digital sequence information”1 and requested the Secretariat to prepare, subject to the availability of the necessary resources, an exploratory fact-finding scoping study on “digital sequence information” on genetic resources for food and agriculture (GRFA) to provide information on, inter alia, terminology used in this area, actors involved with “digital sequence information” on GRFA, the types and extent of uses of “digital sequence information” on GRFA, such as:
MACHINE IDENTIFICATION OF SPOKEN INDIAN LANGUAGES

The primary objective of speech signal is the transfer of linguistic message. However, the acoustic signal also contains auxiliary information related to language, speaker, acoustic environment etc. Automatic recognition of the language of speech signal is not only scientifically interesting but also of technological importance in a multilingual country such as India. While a few language identification systems in the context of Indian languages have been implemented, most such systems have used small scale speech data collected internally within the organization. Recently, the Babel program of IARPA has released challenging speech data in three Indian languages: Assamese, Bengali and Tamil. Here, we report the development of an automatic language identification (LID) system that recognises the language of a given speech signal in any of these 3 languages. The LID system is built as an layer over the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems of these 3 languages trained using the Babel database. Corresponding to a given test speech, the 3 ASR systems yield 3 likelihood values corresponding to the chances that the test speech belongs to the respective language. The LID system applies the Maximum Likelihood criterion to declare the language of the test speech as that corresponding to the maximum of the 3 likelihood values. The Kaldi toolkit was used to implement the ASR systems that employed GMM-HMM to model acoustic properties of phones, and bigram language model. The Word Error Rates (WER) of the Tamil, Assamese and Bengali ASR systems for test data are 65.3%, 61.3% and 52.6% respectively. These are comparable to the WERs of Assamese and Bengali ASR systems (64.3% and 66.8% respectively) implemented using the same Babel database by the Cambridge University group. However, these WERs are much larger than the WERs (about 5%) of ASR systems implemented by us recently. This change of WER could be attributed to significant differences in the diversity of acoustic environments, number of speakers, size of the lexicon and length of transcriptions between the databases used by the previous and current ASR systems. The accuracy of the LID system is 86.1%; major confusion is between Assamese and Bengali, languages belonging to the same language family.
Modelling and verification of an automatic controller for a water treatment mixing tank

A modern control framework for a mixing tank is demonstrated. Numerous preferences, and the ranges needed to ensure the quality of the framework need to be determined, to obtain a fast reaction time, lessen the cost of execution and support, and finally diminish harm. In this paper, the display and controller for a programmable synthetic substance water treatment blender for industrial tanks is introduced. The Petri net method is utilized to demonstrate and check the instruments. The system is controlled and implemented using sequential control system (SCS). Each block of the sequential control system is modelled and verified using the Petri net MATLAB 2008a tool-box. The method for the coupling of the hardware and software is described in detail and a simulation carried out to check its validity. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is used in the model for the control of sequential actions, which actually minimizes the cost and provides high reliability. With regard to energy consumption, the study apparently found that lower percentages of energy consumptions between using and not using it with few occurrences of higher values.
HARDWARE SECURITY KNOWLEDGE AREA

ion level Root of trust functionality Structural (how) examples Example Threats Typical HW design activities System and application Secure platforms e.g. Trusted Execution (Trustzone, SGX, TEE), HSM, Secure Element to support isolation, integrity, attestation, . SW development Processor general purpose e.g. shadow stack SW vulnerabilities HW/SW co-design Processor domain specific Crypto specific RTL Timing attacks Behavioral synthesis Register Transfer Crypto specific Building blocks, SCA attack, Logic synthesis Logic Resistance to SCA, Power, EM, fault Masking, Circuit styles SCA attack, fault FPGA tools, standard cell design Circuit and technology Source of entropy TRNG, PUF, Secure SRAM Temp, glitches SPICE simulations Physical Tamper Resistance Shields, sensors Probing, heating Layout activities Table 1: Design abstraction layers linked to threat models, root of trust and design activities In an attempt to order the topics, table 1 summarises this organisation. The different abstraction layers are identified (first column) from a hardware perspective. The highest level (system and software) sits on top of the hardware platform. E.g. a system designer assumes that a secure platform is available. Thus the secure platform is the root of trust, providing security functionality. The second column describes the functionality provided by the root of trust. The third column describes how this functionality might be implemented. E.g. at the highest abstraction layer this might be by providing a Trusted Execution Module or a secure element. The fourth column describes the threat models and attack categories at that abstraction layer. For instance, at the system level, the system designer assumes to receive a module that provides isolation, integrity, attestation, etc. The last column describes typical design activities at this particular design abstraction layer. This exercise is repeated for each abstraction layer and described in detail in each of the following sections. At the processor level, one can distinguish general purpose programmable processors and domain
Breath test and genotyping for lactose intolerance in patients with Gaucher ’ s disease treated with miglustat

The iminosugar miglustat, is a treatment for some lysosomal storage disorders that induces gastrointestinal side effects. A retrospective study that evaluates two different tests to assess lactose intolerance was done with the aim to determine whether lactose intolerance is responsible for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with type 1 Gaucher’s disease. Forty patients with Gaucher’s disease treated or not with miglustat and twenty controls. For that they ingested 50 g lactose, followed by a hydrogen methane breath test. Genotyping and sequencing of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4988235, (CC genotype for lactase non-persistence; TC/TT for lactase persistence) were tested on them. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 47.6% (19/40) of patients, 35% (14/40) of whom had a positive hydrogen methane breath test; of these 14 patients, 12 patients were CC-positive and 2 patients were TC-positive. The number of CC alleles was significantly greater in Gaucher’s disease patients compared to controls (62.5% vs. 43.8%). Of the patients who had gastrointestinal symptoms on miglustat treatment, 60.0% had the CC genotype. Conclusion. Hydrogen methane breath test and genotyping for SNPs could be used indistinctly to diagnose lactase deficiency. We have observed that not all gastrointestinal symptoms induced by miglustat in Gaucher’s disease are justified by lactase deficiency.
Fiscal Policy and Adjustment in a Foreign Exchange Constrained Economy: Evidence from Malawi

Most of the recent literature analysing the adjustments of macroeconomic variables to fiscal policy shocks rely on the inclusion of non-Ricardian households to generate a positive response of consumption to an increase in government spending. This paper examines the dynamic effects of government financing behaviour in a foreign exchange constrained low income economy on key macroeconomic aggregates such as output, consumption, wages and labour supply. Using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with Ricardian households calibrated to Malawian data, we find that consumption, wages and labour supply increase with increased government expenditure. This is contrary to popular arguments that government expenditure is inversely associated with the private consumption of intertemporal optimizing households in DSGE models. We argue that the positive response of consumption to increased government expenditure arises from the inclusion of aid in the government budget since government expenditure in low income economies may rise with increases in aid inflows for a given level of taxes. We also show that a positive shock to aid relaxes the foreign exchange constraint and improves the economy although it induces an appreciation of the real exchange rate.
P o S ( I C R C 2 0 1 9 ) 6 9 8 VERITAS Observations of Fast Radio Bursts

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright, unresolved, millisecond-duration flashes of radio emission originating from outside of the Milky Way. The origin of these mysterious outbursts is unknown, but their high luminosity, high dispersion measure and short duration requires an extreme, high-energy, astrophysical process. The majority of FRBs have been discovered as single events which would require a chance coincidence for contemporaneous multiwavelength observations. However, two have been observed to repeat: FRB 121102 and the recently detected FRB 180814.J0422+73. These repeating FRBs have allowed for targeted observations by a number of different instruments, including VERITAS. We present the VERITAS FRB observing program and the results of these observations.
Identification of Streptococcus mutans from Human Dental Plaque and Dental Caries Using 16SrRNA Gene

One hundred and sixty samples from saliva and dental plaque were sellected from patients with caries active at ages from (4-65) years from Umm Qasr Primary School and Al-Ameria Specialist Dental Center in Baghdad. 15 isolates belong to Streptococcus mutans were identified by biochemical tests and Vitek 2 compact system while 22 isolates identified by using Polymerase Chain Reaction ﴾PCR﴿ techniques and sequencing of 16SrRNA with 120 bp by using 16SrRNA the result confermed that these isolates were belong to S.mutans.
Efficacy of Paclitaxel Combined with Kanglaite Injection in Treatment of Bone Metastases of Lung Cancer

Background: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with kanglaite injection in the treatment of bone metastases of lung cancer in mice. Methods: Human lung cancer cell line A549 was inoculated into 100 C57BL/6 mice to establish bone metastasis model of lung cancer. Eighty successful modeling mice were randomly divided into four groups: Kanglaite (group A), Paclitaxel (group B), Paclitaxel combined with kanglaite (group C) and 0.9% sodium chloride solution (control group), 20 in each group. The mice started taking drugs on the 5th day after inoculation. The treatment lasted for 21 days, and the changes of body weight were observed. Evaluation of the efficacy of drug therapy was performed by comparing the pain behavior of the treated mice with that of the control mice. Results: The physical improvement rates in group A and group B were lower than that in group C (P<0.05). The bone metastasis area and tumor weight in group A, group B and group C were significantly lower than those in control group after 21 days of treatment (P<0.05). The tumor area and tumor weight in group C were significantly lower than those in group A and group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: Paclitaxel combined with kanglaite is more effective than paclitaxel or kanglaite alone in improving bone metastasis of lung cancer and has an important significance in clinical treatment of bone metastasis of lung cancer.
Association of CYP 1 A 1 M 2 ( A 2455 G ) Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Mazandaran Province , Northern Iran : A Case – control Study

Breast cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death among women. In 2012, it was responsible for the deaths of 522,000 women worldwide. [1] The results of the 10‐year national cancer registry of Iran show that the breast cancer was the most common type of cancer in Iranian females, accounting for 24.6% of all cancers. [2] Much work on risk factor determination as well as risk factor evaluation on breast cancer has been carried out worldwide. Existing studies have demonstrated that more than 80 genetic variants or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with breast cancer risk. [3‐6] On the other hand, a growing body of literature has shown that racial‐ethnic identity is responsible for breast cancer risk and outcome. [7]
A GOODNESS OF FIT TEST FOR ARCH ( 1 ) MODELS

A goodness of t test in the class of conditional heteroscedastic time series models is examined. Due to the nonstandard limiting distribution of the test, we propose to bootstrap the test, showing its asymptotic validity. Moreover, we illustrate the nite sample performance of the test by a small Monte Carlo study. JEL subject classi cations: C22, C23. Key words and phrases: GARCH models. Model speci cation. Bootstrap tests. 1. INTRODUCTION We shall consider an observable process xt satisfying (1.1) xt = tzt; t 2 Z where fztgt2Z is an independent identically distributed (iid) sequence of random variables with zero mean and unit variance, and t = E xt jJt 1 , where Jt is the sigma-algebra generated by xs; s t . Existing literature deals with parametric modeling of the conditional heteroskedasticity t . One very general model is t = 2 t ( 0) = 0 + 1 X j=1 bj ( 0)x 2 t j (1.2) 0 > 0, bj ( 0) 0 (j 1) , 1 X j=1 bj ( 0) <1, where 0 = 0; 0 0 0 is an r + 1 dimensional parameter vector. The ARCH (1) model (1:1) (1:2) was introduced by Robinson (1991) as a class of alternatives for testing serial independence of xt, and it is a generalization of Bollerslevs (1986) GARCH(p; q) model de ned as t = e 0 + p X