Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dielectric relaxation studies of ketones with 2–methoxyethanol and 2– butoxyethanol using time domain reflectometry technique

Complex dielectric permittivity measurements of amides like Formamide (FA), N-methylformamide (NMF) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with alcohols such as 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME) and 2-butoxyethanol (2-BE) has been carried out at different concentration in the frequency range of 10MHz to 30GHz using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The least squares fit method has been used to obtain the static dielectric constant (e0), relaxation time (τ) and Bruggeman factor (fB) for binary mixtures. The Bruggeman plot shows a deviation from linearity. This deviation was attributed to some sort of molecular interaction which may take place between the unlike molecules. The effective Kirkwood correlation factor (g eff ) and corrective Kirkwood correlation factor (gf) of the mixtures have been determined and discussed to yield information on the structure and dynamics of the mixtures and it confirms the structural formation due to intermolecular interaction between amides with 2-ME and 2-BE. The relaxation time is increasing with increasing chain length of alcohols and is decreasing with increasing amide concentration. The excess static dielectric constant (e E ) and excess inverse relaxation time (1/τ) E values are indicates that is a form of hydrogen bonding interaction between the 2-ME and 2-BE with amides systems, for all the mixtures dipoles are slowly rotated. The free energy of activation for relaxation time (ΔFτ) is greater for initial concentration in all the system studied.
Impacts of Urbanization on Variations of Extreme Precipitation over the Yangtze River Delta

The urbanization process is the hallmark of the population’s economic activities and land-use types, including population-, economic-, and landscape-urbanization. The question of how to classify the stations into urbanized and suburbanized stations is important for detecting the contribution rates of urbanization to precipitation extremes. This study used the fuzzy c-means clustering method to classify different urbanized level stations by population, economy, and impervious surface in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou urban agglomeration. Based on the change trends of six extreme precipitation indices, the contribution rates of urbanization to the precipitation extremes were estimated. The results show that the increasing indices were the intensity indices, while the decreasing indices were the duration indices during 1980–2015. Moreover, high urbanization tended to have a higher contribution to the most extreme precipitation indices, especially the intensity indices, than urbanization in the medium-size cities, indicating the urbanization leads to the phenomenon of extreme precipitation enhancement. The results of the three kinds of classification methods were different, especially the classification by the impervious area. This paper investigated the spatiotemporal changes in precipitation extremes and the contribution of urbanization to extreme precipitation, which will provide support for the development of urban agglomeration in the future.
Agenda Setting and Attention to Precedent in the US Federal Courts

To what degree is judicial agenda setting top-down or bottom-up? Existing studies lack evidence of the frequency or magnitude of these two processes. We conceptualize the judicial agenda as the legal questions/rules receiving judicial attention, measure it using citations to Supreme Court opinions, and estimate vector autoregression models to identify how each level of court initiates or responds to variation in attention to precedent at other levels of the judiciary. The Supreme Court exerts some top-down control, but agenda setting is more often bottom-up, revealing lower courts are more integral to setting the federal judicial agenda than previously understood.
Why Do Policymakers Support Administrative Burdens? The Roles of Deservingness, Political Ideology, and Personal Experience

Administrative burdens affect peoples’ experience of public administration but there is, to date, limited evidence to as why policymakers are willing to accept and impose burdens. To address this gap, we draw from the policy design and administrative burden literatures to develop the concept of burden tolerance—the willingness of policymakers and people more generally to passively allow or actively impose state actions that result in others experiencing administrative burdens. Drawing on a survey experiment and observational data with Danish local politicians in a social welfare setting, we find that more right-wing politicians are more tolerant of burdens, but politicians are less willing to impose burdens on a welfare claimant perceived as being more deserving. Politicians with a personal experience of receiving welfare benefits themselves are less tolerant of burdens, while information about the psychological costs experienced by claimants did not reduce burden tolerance.
A Low-Profile and Wideband Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna Based on TM11 and TM21

In this article, a low-profile and wideband circularly polarized patch antenna is proposed and developed, which is composed of the circular patch fed by four ports. A wideband property is achieved by utilizing TM<sub>11</sub> and TM<sub>21</sub> mode, as well as the orthogonal mode of TM<sub>11</sub>. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-shaped feed is employed to stimulate the TM<sub>21</sub> mode. Besides, due to the parasitic radiation from the face-to-face <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-shaped feeds with opposite phase, the radiation peak of the circular patch under TM<sub>21</sub> mode is along the broadside direction, which is different from the original radiation mechanism of TM<sub>21</sub> mode. By loading shorting pins in the middle area of circular patch, the polarization orthogonal mode of the fundamental mode (TM<sub>11</sub>) is excited properly, which contributed to bandwidth enhancement. Cooperated with the quadrature phase feed network, a wideband circular patch antenna with unidirectional radiation and circular polarization properties is designed, fabricated, and measured. The size of the circular patch is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.57\lambda _{0} \times 0.57 \lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the height is only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.053\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free space wavelength at the center frequency). The measured results show that the 109% of fractional bandwidth is obtained under the condition of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {VSWR} < 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, ranging from 0.94 to 3.18 GHz, and the 3 dB axial ratio fractional bandwidth is 95%, ranging from 1.04 to 2.93 GHz. Besides the realized LHCP gain >3 dBic from 1.27 to 2.99 GHz.
Clinical Use of Procalcitonin in the Diagnosis of Sepsis: Evaluation of PCT–qSOFA

oxygen platelets, bilirubin, mean arterial pressure, creatinine/urine output) and the Glasgow coma scale score. In contrast, qSOFA only requires three clinical criteria (respiratory rate, altered mentation, and systolic blood pressure) and can be applied as a rapid bedside screening tool. However, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) remains an essential component in the diagnosis of sepsis [3], and the measurement of biomarkers to detect exacer-bations in inflammatory conditions could be helpful. Procalcitonin (PCT) is known to exhibit the highest accuracy among the many biomarkers of sepsis [4]. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of PCT and qSOFA in combination, namely PCT–qSOFA, to propose a simpler and more accurate method of diagnosing sepsis. Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition, and the diagnosis of sepsis should be conducted rapidly and accurately. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a combination of procalcitonin (PCT) levels and quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA), namely PCT–qSOFA, for the diagnosis of sepsis. Methods: A total of 204 patients were grouped according to the results of blood culture and systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria ( ≥ 2/4) into the bacterial sepsis group (N = 67), the blood culture-negative sepsis group (N = 37), the blood culture-positive group without corresponding clinical symptoms or signs of sepsis (N = 35), and the control group without evidence of sepsis (N = 65). The diagnostic performance of PCT–qSOFA was assessed using the post-test probability analysis. Results: Compared with qSOFA, PCT–qSOFA demonstrated improved post-test probability (from 0.772 to 0.884) and a positive likelihood ratio (from 1.59 to 3.55) when it was applied to all subjects, including those in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, this improvement in diagnostic performance was not observed when PCT–qSOFA was applied to patients outside the ICU. Conclusions: The combined use of PCT and qSOFA can help clinicians identify patients with sepsis, including those in an ICU setting.
Graphene-based metal matrix nanocomposites: Recent development and challenges

This articles reviews till-date available literature on metal matrix composites reinforced with graphene, CNT and other carbonaceous materials. The article has a special focus on the mechanical, tribological and challenges associated with the fabrication of nanocomposites. Simultaneously, it reviews the synthesis, strengthening mechanism and applications of graphene along with research gap associated with graphene metal matrix nanocomposites (GMMNC). Carbonaceous nanofillers, e.g. Graphene, are known to have extraordinary mechanical, thermal and electrical properties along with multifaceted characteristics. These materials have the potential to become an ideal material in numerous application which requires reinforcement. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) suffers various challenges starting from its synthesis to the uniform distribution within the matrix material. Our concern is to give details on the challenges associated with graphene and metal matrix composites along with the solution so that new research can be done at its ease. Section 1 of the article gives a detailed analysis of various carbonaceous reinforcement materials. Preparation, processing and dispersion technique for graphene and composite material is given in section 2. Section 3 of the article deals with different matrix material used in MMNC along with the properties and challenges associated with it in tabulated form. Strengthening mechanism used for the enhancement of mechanical properties of composites is described in section 4, whereas, Section 5 deals with the applications and Research gap.
Potentiality of producing summer cauliflower as influenced by organic manures and spacing

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of organic manures and spacing on the growth and yield of cauliflower in summer season. In this study, the treatment consisted of three organic manures viz. F 0 : no organic manure, F 1 : cowdung, F 2 : vermicompost and three spacing viz. S 1 (60 × 30) cm, S 2 (60 × 40) cm, S 3 (60 × 50) cm. Two factorial experiments were laid out in the RCBD with three replications. Significant variations in all parameter were observed due to organic manure and spacing at different days after transplanting. For organic manure, highest yield of cauliflower (12.98 t ha -1 ) was obtained from F 2 and lowest (8.24 t ha -1 ) from F 0 . For spacing, highest yield of cauliflower (11.25 t ha -1 ) was obtained from S 1 and lowest (10.57 t ha -1 ) from S 3 . For combined effect, highest yield of cauliflower (13.33 t ha -1 ) was obtained from F 2 S 1 and the lowest (7.91 t ha -1 ) from F 0 S 3 . The highest BCR (3.79) was found from F 2 S 1 and lowest (2.7) from F 0 S 3 . It is found from the experiment that growth and yield of summer cauliflower were positively correlated with organic manure and spacing. However, white beauty cultivars can be cultivated in summer season and use of vermicompost with 60×50 cm spacing would be beneficial for the farmers. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 304-317
Review A Trending and Interesting Topic of ‘Aloe Vera: Healthy Lifestyle Trends Through Functional Food Consumption’ in Science Learning

Increasing the community's welfare affects lifestyle changes, especially patterns of food consumption in a negative direction on the increase of degenerative diseases. The community then realized that the magnitude of the relationship between food and the risk of disease. Fact, the primary function of food is not just to provide a feeling of fullness, but more than that. Foods that have varied nutritional content will have an impact on health maintenance. Digestive organs that function correctly cause the body's metabolism to work correctly so that ultimately the primary purpose of food is to maintain survival for a healthier life that is better and free from disease. The concept of food as 'medicine' is what is currently known as a functional food. Aloe Vera is a plant with a variety of nutritional content that can maintain health and prevent disease. Science learning is very closely related to daily life, so integrating Aloe vera content as functional food into science material is certainly very beneficial for students. The integration can be carried out on the material of the Human Digestive System. The research result as an alternative teaching material to realize and train students' thinking skills about understanding the importance of consuming functional food to maintain health and prevent diseases, especially those related to the digestive canal as immunity to the body.
Joint displays for qualitative-quantitative synthesis in mixed methods reviews

Mixed methods reviews offer an excellent approach to synthesizing qualitative and quantitative evidence to generate more robust implications for practice, research, and policymaking. There are limited guidance and practical examples concerning the methods for adequately synthesizing qualitative and quantitative research findings in mixed reviews. This paper aims to illustrate the application and use of joint displays for qualitative and quantitative synthesis in mixed methods reviews. We used joint displays to synthesize and integrate qualitative and quantitative research findings in a segregated mixed methods review about male nursing students' challenges and experiences. In total, 36 qualitative, six quantitative, and one mixed-methods study was appraised and synthesized in the review. First, the qualitative and quantitative findings were analyzed and synthesized separately. The synthesized findings were integrated through tabular and visual joint displays at two levels of integration. At the first level, a statistics theme display was developed to compare the synthesized qualitative and quantitative findings and the number of studies from which the findings were generated. At the second level, the synthesized qualitative and quantitative findings supported by each other were integrated to identify confirmed, discordant, and expanded inferences using generalizing theme display. The use of two displays allowed in a robust and comprehensive synthesis of studies. Joint displays could serve as an excellent method for rigorous and transparent synthesis of qualitative and quantitative findings and the generation of adequate and relevant inferences in mixed methods reviews.
Effect of steaming and frozen storage on polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of Mangifera odorata (Kuini) pulp

Mangifera odorata (kuini) is a potential source of antioxidant. As a seasonal fruit and easily perishable after harvesting, production of kuini pulp was a common practice to overcome this problem. Steaming treatment were involved in the production of kuini pulp before being stored at -18°C. These thermal treatment and storage are challenging due to the fact that it can induce changes of antioxidants properties of kuini pulp. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of steaming processing and frozen storage on the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA) method of M. odorata (kuini) pulps. Overall, a significant difference was observed for TPC and AOA for steaming kuini pulp compared to control samples. Steaming processing significantly increased the TPC and AOA of the kuini pulps (p < 0.05). Significant relationships (p < 0.05) were identified between total phenolics and total antioxidant activities. Storage at -18°C significantly affected the TPC and AOA of the frozen kuini pulp samples. After 12 months storage of all frozen kuini pulp samples, phenolics content was decreased up to 34%; the reducing power value decreased up to 50%, and DPPH RSA decreased up to 35% of the initial value. Steam blanching is recommended to enhance the phenolic content and the antioxidant but, frozen storage at -18°C cannot preserve the phenolic content and the antioxidant of kuini pulp.
COVID-19 pandemic reveals persistent disparities in nitrogen dioxide pollution

Significance We leverage the unparalleled changes in human activity during COVID-19 and the unmatched capabilities of the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument to understand how lockdowns impact ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution disparities in the United States. The least White communities experienced the largest NO2 reductions during lockdowns; however, disparities between the least and most White communities are so large that the least White communities still faced higher NO2 levels during lockdowns than the most White communities experienced prior to lockdowns, despite a ∼50% reduction in passenger vehicle traffic. Similar findings hold for ethnic, income, and educational attainment population subgroups. Future strategies to reduce NO2 disparities will need to target emissions from heavy-duty vehicles. The unequal spatial distribution of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2), an air pollutant related to traffic, leads to higher exposure for minority and low socioeconomic status communities. We exploit the unprecedented drop in urban activity during the COVID-19 pandemic and use high-resolution, remotely sensed NO2 observations to investigate disparities in NO2 levels across different demographic subgroups in the United States. We show that, prior to the pandemic, satellite-observed NO2 levels in the least White census tracts of the United States were nearly triple the NO2 levels in the most White tracts. During the pandemic, the largest lockdown-related NO2 reductions occurred in urban neighborhoods that have 2.0 times more non-White residents and 2.1 times more Hispanic residents than neighborhoods with the smallest reductions. NO2 reductions were likely driven by the greater density of highways and interstates in these racially and ethnically diverse areas. Although the largest reductions occurred in marginalized areas, the effect of lockdowns on racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic NO2 disparities was mixed and, for many cities, nonsignificant. For example, the least White tracts still experienced ∼1.5 times higher NO2 levels during the lockdowns than the most White tracts experienced prior to the pandemic. Future policies aimed at eliminating pollution disparities will need to look beyond reducing emissions from only passenger traffic and also consider other collocated sources of emissions such as heavy-duty vehicles.
Monte Carlo first-order design method for anamorphic cinema zoom lenses

Abstract. Anamorphic zoom lenses, used extensively in the motion picture industry, pose a significant design challenge, combining the difficulties of designing a high-performance zoom lens with those of designing an anamorphic lens. As a result, considerable emphasis must be placed on the first-order configuration of the starting point design before interfacing with optical design software. A Monte Carlo search method is introduced for generating first-order designs of anamorphic zoom lenses based on two different configurations. The obtained designs possess valid zoom motions and ray trace successfully while satisfying a set of system specifications. This search method offers a time effective and illustrative way of exploring the global solution space of first-order designs for use as starting points on the way to a thick lens, color-corrected final design. The results of such a Monte Carlo search are presented for two types of anamorphic zoom configurations, and a design example is demonstrated.
A Systematic Review on Cognitive Radio in Low Power Wide Area Network for Industrial IoT Applications

The Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) helps several applications that require power control and low cost to achieve long life. The progress of IIoT communications, mainly based on cognitive radio (CR), has been guided to the robust network connectivity. The low power communication is achieved for IIoT sensors applying the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) with the Sigfox, NBIoT, and LoRaWAN technologies. This paper aims to review the various technologies and protocols for industrial IoT applications. A depth of assessment has been achieved by comparing various technologies considering the key terms such as frequency, data rate, power, coverage, mobility, costing, and QoS. This paper provides an assessment of 64 articles published on electricity control problems of IIoT between 2007 and 2020. That prepares a qualitative technique of answering the research questions (RQ): RQ1: “How cognitive radio engage with the industrial IoT? ”, RQ2: “What are the Proposed architectures that Support Cognitive Radio LPWAN based IIOT? ”, and RQ3: What key success factors need to comply for reliable CIIoT support in the industry? ”. With the systematic literature assessment approach, the effects displayed on the cognitive radio in LPWAN can significantly revolute the commercial IIoT. Thus, researchers are more focused in this regard. The study suggests that the essential factors of design need to be considered to conquer the critical research gaps of the existing LPWAN cognitive-enabled IIoT. A cognitive low energy architecture is brought to ensure efficient and stable communications in a heterogeneous IIoT. It will protect the network layer from offering the customers an efficient platform to rent AI, and various LPWAN technology were explored and investigated.
Model analysis of melting process of mold powder for continuous casting of steel

Etude du comportement de la poudre liquide a la surface de l'acier liquide lors de la coulee continue. Influence de la concentration en carbone sur la viscosite, le point de fusion et sur l'epaisseur de la poudre metallique liquide sur l'acier
Computations of Lipschitz summing norms and applications

We describe and analyze an algorithm to compute exactly Lipschitz ( p, θ ) summing norms of maps between ﬁnite metric spaces. In contrast to the linear case, where even the computation of ( p, θ ) -summing norms between ﬁnite-dimensional normed spaces is in general diﬃcult, Lipschitz ( p, θ ) -summing norms of maps between ﬁnite metric spaces can be reduced to the computation of extreme points of certain polyhedra and the subsequent solution of a ﬁnite linear program. The results of such computations when θ = 0 are used to provide counterexamples to a composition formula for Lipschitz p -summing maps, which solves the open problem stated by J. D. Farmer and W. B. Johnson in their seminal paper which introduced the notion of Lipschitz p -summing maps. We give some examples of computations of Lipschitz ( p, θ ) -summing norms of graph metrics and present concluding remarks. Finally, we raise some open problems which we think are interesting.