Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Study of Penetration into Concrete Targets by Ogive Nose Projectiles

In design of defense structures, concrete are often used to provide protection against incidental dynamic loadings such as the impact of a steel projectile. In the present study, a new analytical model is proposed to predict penetration depth into concrete targets by ogive nose projectile. Hence, to ­ develop the model and simulate penetration of high velocity ogive-shape nose steel projectiles into concrete targets, several tests has been simulated numerically with the Ls-Dyna finite element code. The results show good agreement with the analytical analyses and experimental results from other researchers.
A Novel Teacher-Student Network for Sentiment Classification

Compared with traditional text classification, many sentiments online such as product reviews are not standard, which are concise with clear standpoints. Researchers on sentiment classification face tremendous challenges. Although various sentiment analysis systems are available, they have many operation restrictions and are still far from perfect. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, Teacher-Student Network (TSN), for automatically classifying the sentiment of reviews. TeacherStudent Network Model is composed of one teacher network and one student network. Teacher network is a Naïve Bayes model. Student network is deep neural networks model. Our approach can transfer knowledge between different models and requires less training data. Experimental results on different domain datasets show that when we employ full training data, our model can achieve similar performance to RNN(Recurrent Neural Network) model andwhen we reduce training data, our model achieve better performance than RNN. Keywords-sentiment classification; knowledge transfer; deep learning; RNN
Insensitivity of the chick embryo M \ l = u " \ llerianduct to human recombinant M \ l = u " \ llerian-inhibiting substance

To determine whether mammalian M\l=u"\llerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) is active in birds, M\l=u"\llerianducts from 7to 8-day-old male or female chick embryos were cultured in the presence of human recombinant MIS at concentrations between 2.5 and 12.5\g=m\g/ml. None of 20 ducts regressed at any concentration. In contrast, at concentrations of 2.5\p=n-\5 \g=m\g/ml,all 12 M\l=u"\llerianducts from 13-day-old male mouse embryos and 13 out of 14 female ducts were inhibited to varying degrees. It is concluded that avian M\l=u"\llerianducts are unresponsive to mammalian MIS. There may be a difference in structure between the MIS of birds and mammals, or the signal-transduction system may be different. Journal ofMolecular Endocrinology (1992) 8, 73-77
Reputation, History, and War

This article investigates the role of direct and reputational information in the onset of interstate war. Scholars have recently identified the importance of separating the phenomenon of conflict from the rare event of war. Building on earlier work concerning the role of reputation and history in the onset of militarized interstate disputes, this article argues that states in crises face competing pressures brought on by their history of interactions with their opponents and their opponents' reputations generated through interactions with other states. While historical conflict reveals private information regarding the credibility of state demands, this history also generates constraints upon the ability of governments to seek peaceful resolutions to the current crisis. An empirical analysis supports the hypothesis that both a direct history of conflict within the dyad and reputational histories for conflict increase the likelihood of war onset. These results hold for a sample including all dyads 1817—2000 and a sample including politically relevant dyads in the same period. The results also suggest that contiguous states are more likely to go to war with each other, as are pairs of major powers, while democracies and pairs of minor powers are less likely to go to war with each other. These results support previous findings on the influence of these factors on the likelihood of war onset.
Ground Control System Based Routing for Reliable and Efficient Multi-Drone Control System

Various unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also called drones, have developed based on advances in hardware and software technologies. Thus, service providers in diverse areas have tried to utilize drones to create more effective solutions. In many cases, employing multiple drones is more effective to perform the given mission than using a single drone. To utilize multiple drones, the drones should be strongly connected, but it is not trivial to construct reliable and efficient networks for drones due to their high mobility. Therefore, we propose a ground control system (GCS) routing protocol (GCS-routing) to overcome this limitation and provide reliable and efficient multi-drone control system, where GCS-routing maximizes GCS utilization. GCS is the essential component of flying ad-hoc network (FANET) and can obtain information about drones. Using this information, GCS-routing can provide more effective routing, predict any topology changes, and react immediately. GCS-routing does not issue any periodic HELLO message for neighbor discovery or link cost estimation, which significantly enhances network performance. We implemented GCS-routing on real drones, and applied GCS-routing to actual drone fleets, as well as simulations to evaluate GCS-routing performance. The results clearly identify the advantages of the proposed routing protocol for drone networks compared with current routing protocols.
A comparison of algorithms for the identification of specimens using DNA barcodes: examples from gymnosperms

In order to use DNA sequences for specimen identification (e.g., barcoding, fingerprinting) an algorithm to compare query sequences with a reference database is needed. Precision and accuracy of query sequence identification was estimated for hierarchical clustering (parsimony and neighbor joining), similarity methods (BLAST, BLAT and megaBLAST), combined clustering/similarity methods (BLAST/parsimony and BLAST/neighbor joining), diagnostic methods (DNA–BAR and DOME ID), and a new method (ATIM). We offer two novel alignment‐free algorithmic solutions (DOME ID and ATIM) to identify query sequences for the purposes of DNA barcoding. Publicly available gymnosperm nrITS 2 and plastid matK sequences were used as test data sets. On the test data sets, almost all of the methods were able to accurately identify sequences to genus; however, no method was able to accurately identify query sequences to species at a frequency that would be considered useful for routine specimen identification (42–71% unambiguously correct). Clustering methods performed the worst (perhaps due to alignment issues). Similarity methods, ATIM, DNA–BAR, and DOME ID all performed at approximately the same level. Given the relative precision of the algorithms (median = 67% unambiguous), the low accuracy of species‐level identification observed could be ascribed to the lack of correspondence between patterns of allelic similarity and species delimitations. Application of DNA barcoding to sequences of CITES listed cycads (Cycadopsida) provides an example of the potential application of DNA barcoding to enforcement of conservation laws.
The Extragalactic Radio Sky at Faint Flux Densities

Abstract In this paper we present simulations of the extragalactic radio sky at 151, 325, and 1400 MHz based on number density predictions from models of the evolution of the radio luminosity function. From these simulations we predict typical source distributions, allowing us to estimate the natural confusion limit to faint flux density limits. The results are relevant to the science and design goals of future radio facilities, namely the Square Kilometre Array, the low-frequency array, and their demonstrator projects.
CNSNS Bayesian uncertainty analysis for complex physical systems modelled by computer simulators with applications to tipping points C .

In this paper we present and illustrate basic Bayesian techniques for the uncertainty analysis of complex physical systems modelled by computer simulators. We focus on emulation and history matching and also discuss the treatment of observational errors and structural discrepancies in time series. We exemplify such methods using a four-box model for the termohaline circulation. We show how these methods may be applied to systems containing tipping points and how to treat possible discontinuities using multiple emulators. c © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Agenda setting: a study into the EU-Croatia relationship

This study examined the existence of the agenda setting for the issue of the EU and Croatian integration process. It used public opinion survey data and content analysis of daily newspapers to assess the importance of seven topics related to the issue on the media and the public agenda in three subsequent periods. The results of the correlation analysis revealed the minimal agenda setting effects of the presentation of seven topics in the media on the perceived importance of those topics in the first period, while there was no support for agenda setting in later periods. A comparison between the topics? importance scores on the media agenda and public agenda showed that the occurrence or absence of the agenda setting was associated with either extensive or minimal coverage of the economy in the media during each period. The minimal evidence of the agenda setting put this study in contrast with many studies which proved the influence of the media agenda on its corresponding public agenda
Flow speed within the Antarctic ice sheet and its controls inferred from satellite observations

Accurate dynamical models of the Antarctic ice sheet with carefully specified initial conditions and well‐calibrated rheological parameters are needed to forecast global sea level. By adapting an inverse method previously used in electric impedance tomography, we infer present‐day flow speeds within the ice sheet. This inversion uses satellite observations of surface velocity, snow accumulation rate, and rate of change of surface elevation to estimate the basal drag coefficient and an ice stiffness parameter that influences viscosity. We represent interior ice motion using a vertically integrated approximation to incompressible Stokes flow. This model represents vertical shearing within the ice and membrane stresses caused by horizontal stretching and shearing. Combining observations and model, we recover marked geographical variations in the basal drag coefficient. Relative changes in basal shear stress are smaller. No simple sliding law adequately represents basal shear stress as a function of sliding speed. Low basal shear stress predominates in central East Antarctica, where thick insulating ice allows liquid water at the base to lubricate sliding. Higher shear stress occurs in coastal East Antarctica, where a frozen bed is more likely. Examining Thwaites glacier in more detail shows that the slowest sliding often coincides with elevated basal topography. Differences between our results and a similar adjoint‐based inversion suggest that inversion or regularization methods can influence recovered parameters for slow sliding and finer scales; on broader scales we recover a similar pattern of low basal drag underneath major ice streams and extensive regions in East Antarctica that move by basal sliding.
Markov ) Model-a Hybrid ( CALand Use Change Prediction using

Landsat data for 1992, 2000, and 2013 land use changes for Ekbatan Dam watershed was simulated through CA-Markov” model. Two classification methods were initially used, viz. the maximum likelihood (MAL) and support vector machine (SVM). Although both methods showed high overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient, visually MAL failed in separating land uses, particularly built up and dry lands.Therefore, the results of SVM were used for Markov Chain Model and “CA” filter to predict land use map for 2034. In order to assess the ability of “CA Markov” model, simulation for 2013was performed. Results showed that simulated map was in agreement with the existing map for2013 at 84% level. The land use map prediction showed that built up area of 0.8298 km 2 in 2013 will increase to 1.02113 km 2 in 2034. In contrast, irrigated agriculture will decrease from 17.33 km 2 to 17.16 km 2 , and rain fed agriculture from 45.07 km 2 to 44.49 km 2 . Results of this research proved the application of “CA Markov” model in simulating the land use changes.
IXAE observations of the X-ray pulsar XTE J1946+274

We report results from two observations of the transient binary X-ray pulsar XTE J1946+274 with the Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment (IXAE) made in September 18-30 1999 and June 28-July 7 2000. The pulsar has a ~80 days orbital period during which the X-ray intensity varies almost sinusoidally between intensity levels of 5 and 50 mCrab. The mid-time of the two observations with the IXAE are separated by an orbital phase of 0.56 and were in the decaying and rising parts of its orbital modulation, respectively. During both the observations, strong pulsations with 15.8 s period are detected in the 2-6 and 6-18 keV energy bands of IXAE. The pulse profiles in both the observations are double peaked and identical with a similar pulse fractions of ~30% in the two energy bands. The pulse periods and its local derivatives are obtained from the IXAE observations. The known pulse period history shows small deviations from an otherwise nearly constant spin-up trend of the pulsar since its discovery. If the measured local period derivatives are a sum of a nearly constant spin-up of the pulsar and effect of its orbital motion, it suggests that the orbit of this Be X-ray binary is eccentric. The RXTE-ASM light curve shows a continuous detection of 10 orbital modulation of the source since its discovery.
Trusted-CDS Based Intrusion Detection System in Wireless Sensor Network (TC-IDS)

Security mechanism is a fundamental requirement of wireless networks in general and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in particular. The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has become a critical component of wireless sensor networks security strategy. There are several architectures for embedding IDS in WSN. Due to Energy Limitation, in this paper we use a distributed architecture which activates intrusion detection system for limited number of nodes. For this purpose we select a secure set of nodes called secure Connected Dominating Set (CDS). In this paper first, we propose a heuristic for selecting CDS based on weighing factor which uses the trust value. Trust is based on reputation and reputation refers to the opinion of one node about another node. Hence only well behaving and good quality nodes are selected as a dominant node for CDS construction. Then we activate IDS on these selected node set. In our proposed work the task of all dominating nodes is to discover any attack and threat that can affect the normal behavior of sensor nodes by analyzing actual status of a node, packet sent and received by node and measurement made to the environment. The simulation results show that our TC-IDS model have high packet delivery ratio, high throughput and low delay than existing IDS Schemes such as Lightweight IDS.
NMR STUDY ON ENZYMATIC POLYMERIZATION OF SPRUCE LIGNOSULFONATE

NMR study on enzymatic polymerization of spruce lignosulfonate J.I. Santos, L. Nieto, J. Jiménez-Barbero, J. Li, G. Gellerstedt, E.N. Prasetyo, G.S. Nyanhongo, G.M. Guebitz, L. Østergaard , J. Rencoret , A. Gutiérrez, J.C. del Río, A.T. Martínez CIB, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; KTH, Stockholm, Sweden; Technical University of Graz, Austria; Novozymes A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark; IRNAS, CSIC, Seville, Spain E-mail: ATMartinez@cib.csic. es
On upper semicontinuity of duality mappings

We give new sufficient conditions for a Banach space to be an As- plund (or reflexive) space in terms of certain upper semicontinuity of the duality mapping. 1. Introduction, notation, and statement of results Recall that a Banach space X is said to be an Asplund space if every contin- uous, real-valued, convex function defined on an open subset of X is Frechet- differentiable on a dense Gg subset of its domain—a notion introduced by As- plund (2) under the name "Strong Differentiability Space". Intensive research on Asplund spaces culminated in Stegall's Theorems (21), showing that X is an Asplund space if and only if X* has the Radon-Nikodym property, if and only if every separable subspace of X has a separable dual. Simple geometrical conditions already implying that a space is Asplund also have a long tradition. Asplund already showed that X is an Asplund space if X* is locally uniformly rotund—a result which was improved by Ekeland and Lebourg (7) by showing that a Banach space on which there exists a Frechet-differentiable real function with bounded nonempty support is an Asplund space; in particular, a Banach space with Frechet-differentiable norm is Asplund. In view of Stegall's Theorem, the last assertion also follows from the result by Diestel and Faires (6) that X* has the Radon-Nikodym property whenever X has a very smooth norm. Before recalling this notion, let us consider the duality mapping of a Banach space X, namely, the set-valued mapping D from the unit sphere Sx of X into the subsets of Sx* given by
Resource wealth and entrepreneurship: A blessing or a curse?

Resource-rich countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have the highest youth unemployment rate in the world. While other parts of the world are experiencing an increasing trend in new firms’ formation as a potential solution for their unemployment problem, the MENA region has the lowest records in new business establishments. In this study, we investigate the reasons behind such a significant lag of the resource-rich countries in entrepreneurship. Panel data for more than 80 countries from 2004-2009 shows that higher dependence on resource rents reduces entrepreneurship activities. The decline is more significant in countries with higher levels of point resources such as oil and coal.
Rhythmic similarity in Flamenco music: Comparing psychological and mathematical measures

Background in Music Psychology. Previous research on simple synthetic rhythmic patterns revealed the categorical structure of rhythm perception in music [1]. However, further research is needed to investigate complex rhythmic structures. This paper investigates rhythmic similarity in terms of mathematical measures and psychological measures. This study focuses on flamenco music, which is characterized by hand-clapping patterns whose underlying meter is composed of a pattern of soft and accented claps.
Accurate evolutions of unequal-mass neutron-star binaries: properties of the torus and short GRB engines

We present new results from accurate and fully general-relativistic simulations of the coalescence of unmagnetized binary neutron stars with various mass ratios. The evolution of the stars is followed through the inspiral phase, the merger, and the prompt collapse to a black hole, up until the appearance of a thick accretion disc, which is studied as it enters and remains in a regime of quasi-steady accretion. Although a simple ideal-fluid equation of state with Γ = 2 is used, this work presents a systematic study within a fully general-relativistic framework of the properties of the resulting black-hole–torus system produced by the merger of unequal-mass binaries. More specifically, we show that (1) the mass of the torus increases considerably with the mass asymmetry, and equal-mass binaries do not produce significant tori if they have a total baryonic mass Mtot ≳ 3.7 M⊙; (2) tori with masses Mtor ∼ 0.2 M⊙ are measured for binaries with Mtot ∼ 3.4 M⊙ and mass ratios q ∼ 0.75–0.85; (3) the mass of the torus can be estimated by the simple expression , involving the maximum mass for the binaries and coefficients constrained from the simulations, and suggesting that the tori can have masses as large as for Mtot ∼ 2.8 M⊙ and q ∼ 0.75–0.85; (4) using a novel technique to analyze the evolution of the tori, we find no evidence for the onset of non-axisymmetric instabilities and that very little, if any, of their mass is unbound; (5) finally, for all the binaries considered, we compute the complete gravitational waveforms and the recoils imparted to the black holes, discussing the prospects of the detection of these sources for a number of present and future detectors.
Meta-analysis in marketing research

Meta-analysis is a method that allows us to accomplish such a work by combining the results of several studies in order to make an objective synthesis following precise stages. With the help of meta-analysis, we can quantify a global result for the entire studies taken into consideration and obtain a more precise response and a more acceptable generalization. This paper focuses on the steps of meta-analysis on resumed data, which are used more frequently, because they can easily tend towards exhaustiveness. The synthesis work has to be standardized. It consists in four stages: studies’ research, selection, data extraction and analysis. Its feasibility is linked to the existence of a sufficient number of studies that can be included in this meta-analysis. This method has been used in research since 1970 and it became irreplaceable for making recommendations. Its application field is only limited to that of existent studies.
Extending a SVAR Model of the Australian Economy

Dungey and Pagan (2000) present a SVAR model of the Australian economy which models macroeconomic outcomes as transitory deviations from a deterministic trend. In this paper we extend that model in two directions. First, we relate it to an emerging literature on Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium modelling of small open economies. Second, we allow for both transitory and permanent components in the series and show how this modification has an impact on the design of macroeconomic models.
The Determinants of Arab Countries Demand for Saudi Exports: Panel Data Evidence

This study empirically estimates the critical parameters of export demand function for Saudi Arabia by using annual time series-cross section data (1984-2008) and by applying fixed effects model. The empirical results confirm that there exists a significant relationship among the real value of Saudi Arabia exports to Arab countries and trade partner's real income, relative export price, and trade partner's real exchange rates. The estimation results show that all variables have a significant relation and its theoretical expected sign (positive for both real income and real exchange rate but negative for relative price), and the elasticities of real income is larger than unity (elastic). But relative price and real exchange rate are smaller than unity (inelastic).