Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiviral Activity of Clove Oil Nanoemulsion Against Potato virus-Y (PVY)

he inhibitory effect of clove essential oil nanoemulsion on Potato virus-Y (PVY) was studied in vitro and in vivo using two concentrations (5 and 10%). In vitro study, inoculum was mixed with the inhibitor and left to stand for 1, 2 and 3 days at (23±2°C) before plant inoculation. In vivo study, plants were sprayed with the inhibitor 1, 2 and 3 days either after or before inoculation. Chenopodium quinoa plants were used as a local lesion host, while Lycopersicon esculentum seedlings were used as a systemic host. In all cases clove oil nanoemulsion had a significant inhibitory effect on PVY infection either in vitro or in vivo trials. The highest inhibitory effect was achieved in vitro when the inoculum was mixed with the inhibitor at conc. of 10% for three days before inoculation, the local lesion development and the systemic infection were inhibited by 90% and 84.2%, respectively. In the case of in vivo experiments, the highest percentage of inhibition was detected when the plants were sprayed with the inhibitor at the same concentration three days before inoculation (81.6 and 80%, respectively). Moderate inhibitory effect was recorded either in vitro or in vivo, when the inoculum was neither mixed nor sprayed with the inhibitor for two days pre-virus inoculation. Whereas, the lowest inhibitory effect was detected when the inoculum was mixed with the inhibitor for one day before inoculation. ELISA test was used to confirm the results in all cases. Also all treatments gave a significant increase in photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), total phenols and flavonoids compared with the infected control plants. RT-PCR technique was used to evaluate the inhibitory potential of the two concentrations of clove oil nanoemulsion tested against PVY infection. It was found that the effect of this antiviral agent was concentration dependent. Clove oil nanoemulsion showed strong virucidal activity as band intensity which was the lowest at conc. of 10% when it was mixed with the virus inoculum. The results of this work illustrate, clove essential oil nanoemulsion seems to be a promising tool as an antiviral agent against Potato virus-Y on tomato plants.
On College Students' impulsive consumption psychology——the influence of trait power and money priming

Lifelong Education Copyright © 2020 Yuan Zhuang doi: 10.18282/le.v9i5. 1255 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Research Article
Acute effects of leg heat therapy on walking performance and cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease

Lower‐extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and impaired exercise tolerance. We have previously reported that leg heat therapy (HT) applied using liquid‐circulating trousers perfused with warm water increases leg blood flow and reduces blood pressure (BP) and the circulating levels of endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) in patients with symptomatic PAD. In this sham‐controlled, randomized, crossover study, sixteen patients with symptomatic PAD (age 65 ± 5.7 years and ankle‐brachial index: 0.69 ± 0.1) underwent a single 90‐min session of HT or a sham treatment prior to a symptom‐limited, graded cardiopulmonary exercise test on the treadmill. The primary outcome was the peak walking time (PWT) during the exercise test. Secondary outcomes included the claudication onset time (COT), resting and exercise BP, calf muscle oxygenation, pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2), and plasma levels of ET‐1, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Systolic, but not diastolic BP, was significantly lower (~7 mmHg, p < .05) during HT when compared to the sham treatment. There was also a trend for lower SBP throughout the exercise and the recovery period following HT (p = .057). While COT did not differ between treatments (p = .77), PWT tended to increase following HT (CON: 911 ± 69 s, HT: 954 ± 77 s, p = .059). Post‐exercise plasma levels of ET‐1 were also lower in the HT session (CON: 2.0 ± 0.1, HT: 1.7 ± 0.1, p = .02). Calf muscle oxygenation, V̇O2, COT, IL‐6, and TNF‐α did not differ between treatments. A single session of leg HT lowers BP and post‐exercise circulating levels of ET‐1 and may enhance treadmill walking performance in symptomatic PAD patients.
Effective solvothermal deoxidization of graphene oxide using solid sulphur as a reducing agent

Functional group free graphene materials with high electronic conductivities were prepared via solvothermal reaction of solid sulphur (S) and graphene oxide (GO) in a H2O–NMP or H2O–DMF (1 : 1 in volume ratio) solvent at 110 °C for 10 h. Ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) analysis revealed that S exhibited strong reductive ability in a boiling GO aqueous solution. Its reducing effect could be further enhanced by using NMP or DMF as a surfactant to adjust the solvent surface tension close to the surface energy of graphene. UV/Vis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirmed that the electronic structure of graphene had been completely restored and the oxygen contents reduced remarkably. No graphitic stacking between the reduced GO (RGO) was found. As-prepared RGO products also exhibited good dispersivities in various solvents. Moreover, it was inter-convertible between their different forms: agglomerates, simply air dried bulk solids and films and well-dispersed suspensions.
Differentiated Assessments for Advanced Courses that Reveal Issues with Prerequisite Skills: A Design Investigation

Computing learners may not master basic concepts, or forget them between courses or from infrequent use. Learners also often struggle with advanced computing courses, perhaps from weakness with prerequisite concepts. One underlying challenge for researchers and instructors is determining the reason why a learner gets an advanced question wrong. Was the wrong answer because the learner lacked prerequisite skills, has not mastered the advanced skill, or some combination of the two? We contribute a design investigation into how to create differentiated questions which diagnose prerequisite and advanced skills at the same time. We focused on tracing and related skills as prerequisites, and on advanced object-oriented programming, concurrency, algorithm and data structures as the advanced skills. We conducted an inductive qualitative analysis of existing assessment questions from instructors and from a concept inventory with a validity argument (the Basic Data Structures Inventory). We found dependencies on a variety of prerequisite knowledge and mixed potential for diagnosing difficulties with prerequisites. Inspired by this analysis, we developed examples of differentiated assessments and reflected on design principles for creating/modifying assessments to better assess both advanced and prerequisite skills. Our example differentiated assessment questions and methods help enable research into how prerequisites skills affect learning of advanced concepts. They also may help instructors better understand and help learners with varying prerequisite knowledge, which may improve equity of learning outcomes. Our work also raises theoretical questions about what assessments really assess and how separate advanced topics and prerequisite skills are.
Operator Data Driven Cell-Selection in LTE-LAA Coexistence Networks

Efficient cell-selection is essential to realize the gains in network performance promised by LTE Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) in the 5GHz unlicensed band. However, the SINR and transmission power based cell-selection mechanisms employed in LTE HetNets are not suited for LTE-LAA deployments. Further, the impact of cell-association on the performance of the LTE-LAA network and its individual components has not been studied through cellular-operator data. In this work, we address these challenges. We gather a large sample of LTE-LAA deployment data for three cellular operators in the Chicago region, i.e., AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon. With the help of operator data, we study the effect of cell-selection on LTE-LAA capacity and network feature relationships through several machine learning techniques. We demonstrate the impact of cell-selection on a combined LTE-LAA system and its licensed and unlicensed components. We show a direct correlation between a cell-quality metric derived from operator data and network performance. Finally, we implement two state-of-the-art cell-association and resource-allocation solutions to show that operator-data-driven cell-selection leads to reduced association time (by as much as 34.89%) and enhanced network capacity (by up to 90.41%).
A fast filter enhancement method for the infrared image

Recent advances in image enhancement explored the power of convolutional neural network (CNN) to achieve a better performance. Despite the great success of CNN-based methods, it is not easy to apply these methods to edge devices (such as FPGA, ASIC) due to the requirement of heavy computation, and the CNN-based methods heavily rely on the training datasets. In this paper, we propose a simple method for image enhancement, without any training steps. We tackle a fundamental yet challenging problem to improve the quality of the infrared images. This type of low light is very common during the infrared photo taking. We found existing methods, based on local or global information, cannot improve the quality of the infrared images, which have been designed for RGB images. We propose a simple yet effective filter via two common parts, named structure recovery and noise removal. It directly establishes correspondence between accuracy and speed for the further applications. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a better trade-off against the other methods in terms of performance and model complexity. Moreover, our method achieves 65fps on the edge device.
A Safe and Fast Repulsion Method for GPU-based Cloth Self Collisions

Cloth dynamics and collision handling are the two most challenging topics in cloth simulation. While researchers have substantially improved the performances of cloth dynamics solvers recently, their success in fast collision detection and handling is rather limited. In this article, we focus our research on the safety, efficiency, and realism of the repulsion-based collision handling approach, which has demonstrated its potential in existing GPU-based simulators. Our first discovery is the necessary vertex distance conditions for cloth to enter self intersections, the negations of which can be viewed as vertex distance constraints continuous in time for sufficiently avoiding self collisions. Continuous constraints, however, cannot be enforced with ease. Our solution is to convert continuous constraints into three types of constraints: discrete edge length constraints, discrete vertex distance constraints, and vertex displacement constraints. Based on this solution, we develop a fast and safe collision handling process for enforcing constraints, a novel splitting method for integrating collision handling with dynamics solvers, and static and adaptive remeshing schemes to further improve the runtime performance. In summary, our cloth simulator is efficient, safe, robust, and parallelizable on a GPU. The experiment shows that it runs at least one order of magnitude faster than existing simulators.
6D Object Pose Estimation by Visual Descriptor

One essential component for object pose estimation is to extract the objects' features with suitable representation. For symmetrical objects and smooth objects that lack texture, the pose estimation results are not satisfactory because it is difficult to extract and represent these objects' feature information. This work introduces a new method to represent objects' features by constructing pixel-level visual descriptors and performing a 6D pose estimation based on the RGB-D image. Compared with traditional RGB images, RGB-D images can provide richer information, and image descriptors constructed based on RGB-D images can extract and represent object features more effectively. We also use a network to refine the pose estimation result instead of using ICP to improve refinement speed. The proposed architecture has made satisfactory improvement on the YCB-Video dataset, especially for symmetric objects and other categories that are difficult to regress in the past.
Electronic structure of acceptor-donor complexes in silicon

The electronic structure of trimer acceptor-donor complexes in silicon Si clusters is studied using the ab initio discrete variational-Xα molecular-orbital (MO) method. The trimer complexes In2D (D=phosphorus P, arsenic As, antimony Sb, or bismuth Bi) consist of two indium In acceptor elements and a centered donor element D from the group V elements. Calculations are performed under the assumption that the three atoms are arranged in the nearest neighbor substitutional trimer configuration. Results indicate that the trimer complexes act as shallower acceptors having smaller ionization activation energies than In acceptor. The potential of In2D as an acceptor in Si is then discussed and In2D is proposed as a promising acceptor for the formation of channels and source/drains in ultralarge scaled integration.
A Review of Mahjong AI Research

With the improvement of the perfect information game research, people gradually turn their research focus to the study of imperfect information game. Mahjong AI is a relatively complex typical representative of imperfect information game, whether from the average size of information set or the number of information sets. Therefore, with mahjong as the starting point, we can better study the game of imperfect information in complex situations. Under this background, this paper first introduces the rules of Mahjong, next analyzes the challenges faced by Mahjong AI due to its complex game rules, then summarizes the current research status of Mahjong AI from the perspective of the opponent and its own, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Finally, the future development direction of Mahjong AI is proposed.
Research on Intelligent Navigation and Positioning of Inspection Robot Based on SLAM

Intelligent inspection robots can efficiently and reliably complete inspection tasks and reduce the labor intensity of staff. Accurate and stable navigation and positioning are the basis for inspection robots to perform inspection tasks. This paper studies the navigation system of the inspection robot based on lidar, which can realize the map establishment, path planning and navigation positioning of the robot in indoor and outdoor environments. On this basis, simulation experiments of mapping and navigation are carried out. In the simulation experiment, the inspection robot equipped with lidar fusion multi-faceted information can realize the construction of a map in the unknown environment through SLAM technology, and realize the navigation and positioning of the inspection robot on the basis of this map. At the same time, it has functions such as obstacle avoidance, which can satisfy the inspection the navigation needs of inspection robots when performing inspection task to ensure the smooth progress of inspection tasks.
Practical Experience Report: Cassandra+: Trading-Off Consistency, Latency, and Fault-tolerance in Cassandra

The exponential growth of data has pushed the industry towards new types of data management systems such as NoSQL database. Our goal is to augment NoSQL, with the focus on its application as a distributed key-value store (KV-store). Existing production-ready systems often provide only probabilistic guarantees on consistency and fault-tolerance, and may violate their correctness properties if a cluster has severe clock drift. Our system Cassandra+ addresses these issues by providing more choices for consistency and fault-tolerance. We build Cassandra+ by implementing theoretical distributed shared memory (DSM) in Cassandra, one of the most popular NoSQLs in the industry. In this paper, we share our experience in adapting and implementing DSM algorithms into a real-world system. We hope our experience and results allow a better understanding of the DSM and the tradeoffs involved.
Synthesis of a Novel Nucleoside Based on a Spiroacetal Framework

The first synthesis of a nucleoside analogue 1 is reported wherein the nucleobase 5-fluorocytosine is attached to a 1,6-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane spiroacetal ring system. The spiroacetal system acts as a substitute for the sugar unit of natural nucleosides and provides a conformationally restricted framework upon which to append nucleobases in a well defined geometry. Trimethylsilyl triflate promoted Vorbruggen-type coupling of bis(trimethylsilyl)-5-fluorocytosine 3 with spiroacetal acetate 2 provided spiroacetal nucleoside 1 in which the nucleobase occupied an equatorial position together with the ring opened (Z)-alkene 10. Spiroacetal acetate 2 serves as the spiroacetal donor and was prepared from the readily available starting materials δ-valerolactone and but-3-yn-1-ol 4.
Kinetics and Mechanism of HO 2 Uptake on Solid NaCl

The interaction of HO2 radicals with solid NaCl has been investigated. The uptake coefficient γ was measured using a coaxial reactor with a movable central rod covered with NaCl. The radicals were detected at low concentrations (∼4 × 1010 molecule/cm3) by matrix isolation ESR and at high concentrations (∼5 × 1011 molecule/cm3) by titration with NO followed by gas-phase EPR detection. In the temperature range from 243 to 295 K, the apparent activation energy of γ does not depend on the HO2 concentration. The γ value measured on NaCl agrees well with our previous γ value for nonreactive uptake by NH4NO3 in this temperature range. Furthermore, in the temperature range from 331 to 335 K, the γ value decreases sharply at low HO2 concentrations. A combined Eley−Rideal and Langmuir−Hinshelwood mechanism with reasonable parameter values can explain the observations; such a mechanism is also consistent with the observation of an inhibition effect of water vapor on the uptake coefficient. The conclusion is that, in.
Polyatomic canonical variational theory for chemical reaction rates. Separable‐mode formalism with application to OH+H2→H2O+H

A formalism for the application of variational transition‐state theory and semiclassical vibrationally adiabatic transmission coefficients to bimolecular reactions involving an arbitrary number of atoms is presented. This generalizes previous work on atom–diatom reactions. We make applications in this paper to the reactions OH+H2→H2O+H and OH+D2→HDO+D using the Schatz–Elgersma fit to the Walch–Dunning ab initio potential energy surface. For both reactions we find large differences between conventional and variational transition‐state theory and large effects of anharmonicity on the calculated rate constants. The effect of reaction‐path curvature on the calculated transmission coefficients and rate constants is also large. The final calculated values of the kinetic isotope effects are in good agreement with experiment at high temperature but too large at room temperature.
Assessing the Effectiveness of a Bedtime Behavioral Intervention for Military Children with a Deployed Parent

While there are advantages and disadvantages to the lifestyle of a military family, challenges often include frequent moves, stressful military work environments, and deployments of the active duty member to dangerous war zones. Military children often display an array of internalizing and externalizing problems, with one common problem being disrupted sleep. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the use of current technology to minimize problematic sleep behaviors affecting young children with a recently deployed parent. The intervention required parents to show their child a previously recorded DVD of the deployed parent reading a children’s book prior to the child’s bedtime. Sleep diary data were collected for two children who had been previously identified as having significant bedtime resistant behavior. A nonconcurrent, multiple-baselines across participants research design was used to evaluate data with two data collection phases for both participants. Analyses revealed considerable reductions in the number of bedtime resistant behaviors postintervention and large effect sizes were yielded for the intervention phases for both participants. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.
Analysis of plasma behaving as a high pass filter for EM waves using the FDTD method

In electromagnetics, a dispersive material is a material with electromagnetic parameters dependent on frequency. In this paper, the implementation of simulations of media made up of plasma is studied. More particularly, the studies will focus on the behavior of the plasma as being a high pass filter for an EM wave. The FDTD 1D method, using the DB-FDTD formulation will be used for numerical implementations. Wave propagations at different frequencies in aluminum plasma will be analyzed. In order to corroborate the results of the numerical implementations, calculations of phase velocities as a function of various frequencies will be carried out. These calculations are based on the dispersion relation defined by the Klein-Gordon equation. Keyword: Plasma, 1D FDTD, DB-FDTD, EM wave, Numerical implementation, Klein-Gordon dispersion
Half metallic ferromagnetism in tri-layered perovskites Sr4T3O10(T = Co, Rh)

First-principles density functional theory (DFT) is used to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of Sr4Rh3O10, a member of the Ruddlesden-Popper series. Based on the DFT calculations taking into account the co-operative effect of Coulomb interaction (U) and spin-orbit couplings (SOC), Sr4Rh3O10 is found to be a half metallic ferromagnet (HMF) with total magnetic moment μtot = 12 μB per unit cell. The material has almost 100% spin-polarization at the Fermi level despite of sizable SOC. Replacement of Rh atom by the isovalent Co atom is considered. Upon full-replacement of Co, a low-spin to intermediate spin transition happens resulting in a HMF state with the total magnetic moment three-time larger (i.e., μtot = 36 μB per unit cell), compared to Sr4Rh3O10. We propose Sr4Rh3O10 and Sr4Co3O10 as candidates of half metals.
Large‐Area Flexible Core–Shell Graphene/Porous Carbon Woven Fabric Films for Fiber Supercapacitor Electrodes

New porous materials are of great importance in many technological applications. Here, the direct synthesis of multi‐layer graphene and porous carbon woven composite films by chemical vapor deposition on Ni gauze templates is reported. The composite films integrate the dual advantages of graphene and porous carbon, having not only the excellent electrical properties and flexibility of graphene but also the porous characteristics of amorphous carbon. The multi‐layer graphene/porous carbon woven fabric film creates a new platform for a variety of applications, such as fiber supercapacitors. The designed composite film has a capacitance of 20 μF/cm2, which is close to the theoretical value and a device areal capacitance of 44 mF/cm2.