Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planar miniature tapered-slot-fed annular slot antennas for ultrawide-band radios

A novel planar tapered-slot-fed annular slot antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna utilizes a unique tapered-slot feeding structure and simultaneously possesses ultrawide bandwidth, almost uniform radiation patterns, and low profile. It is, hence, adequate for ultrawide-band (UWB) applications. By means of a normalized antenna transfer function, both frequency domain and time domain characteristics of the antenna are carefully investigated. Two measures, the uniformity related to the radiation patterns and the fidelity associated with the transient behaviors, are used to quantitatively describe the performance of an antenna over such an ultrawide bandwidth. Effects of varying the antenna's geometric parameters on the performance are then investigated. Finally, the influence of minimizing the antenna dimension is discussed at the end of the paper.
Combining Microfractures, Autologous Bone Graft, and Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis for the Treatment of Juvenile Osteochondral Talar Lesions

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of patients younger than 20 years, treated with the arthroscopic-talus autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AT-AMIC) technique and autologous bone graft for osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT). Methods: Eleven patients under 20 years (range 13.3-20.0) underwent the AT-AMIC procedure and autologous bone graft for OLTs. Patients were evaluated preoperatively (T0) and at 6 (T1), 12 (T2), and 24 (T3) months postoperatively, using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle and Hindfoot (AOFAS) score, the visual analog scale and the SF-12 respectively in its Mental and Physical Component Scores. Radiologic assessment included computed tomographic (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative measurement of the lesion. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed. Results: Mean lesion size measured during surgery was 1.1 cm3 ± 0.5 cm3. We found a significant difference in clinical and radiologic parameters with analysis of variance for repeated measures (P < .001). All clinical scores significantly improved (P < .05) from T0 to T3. Lesion area significantly reduced from 119.1 ± 29.1 mm2 preoperatively to 77.9 ± 15.8 mm2 (P < .05) at final follow-up as assessed by CT, and from 132.2 ± 31.3 mm2 to 85.3 ± 14.5 mm2 (P < .05) as assessed by MRI. Moreover, we noted an important correlation between intraoperative size of the lesion and body mass index (BMI) (P = .011). Conclusions: The technique can be considered safe and effective with early good results in young patients. Moreover, we demonstrated a significant correlation between BMI and lesion size and a significant impact of OLTs on quality of life. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Downregulation of TLR4‐dependent ATP production is critical for estrogen‐mediated immunoprotection in Kupffer cells following trauma‐hemorrhage

Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediates mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and biogenic responses. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) is an essential regulator for mtDNA transcription and ATP production. Increased ATP levels were associated with normalization of immune function following trauma‐hemorrhage. Moreover, administration of 17β‐estradiol following trauma‐hemorrhage upregulates cardiac Tfam and ATP levels. We therefore hypothesized that the salutary effect of 17β‐estradiol on Kupffer cell function following trauma‐hemorrhage is mediated via negative regulation of TLR4, which downregulates iNOS, upregulates Tfam and mtDNA‐encoded gene cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI), and consequently increases cellular ATP levels. Male C3H/HeN, C3H/HeOuJ (intact TLR4), and C3H/HeJ (TLR4 mutant) mice were subjected to trauma‐hemorrhage (mean BP 35 ± 5 mmHg ∼90 min, then resuscitation) or sham operation. At the beginning of resuscitation, mice received 17β‐estradiol (25 µg/25 g) or vehicle intravenously and were sacrificed 2 h thereafter. Kupffer cell TLR4, iNOS, IL‐6 and TNF‐α production capacities were increased, and ATP, Tfam, and mtCOI levels were decreased following trauma‐hemorrhage. Administration of 17β‐estradiol following trauma‐hemorrhage prevented the increase in Kupffer cell TLR4, iNOS, and cytokine production. This was accompanied by normalized ATP, Tfam, and mtCOI levels. Furthermore, the decreased Kupffer cell ATP and mtCOI levels were not observed in TLR4 mutant mice following trauma‐hemorrhage. Taken together, these findings suggest that downregulation of TLR4‐dependent ATP production is critical to 17β‐estradiol‐mediated immunoprotection in Kupffer cells following trauma‐hemorrhage. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 364–370, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of grape seed extract on radiation-induced oxidative stress in the rat liver.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The tolerance of the liver is considerably low when an effective radiation (RTx) dose needs to be delivered in patients in whom either their liver or whole body area has to be irradiated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of grape seed extract on liver toxicity induced by RTx in the rat liver. METHODS We used four groups, each consisting of 12 healthy male Wistar rats. RTx-grape seed extract group: rats were given grape seed extract (100 mg/kg) orally for seven days, following 8 Gy whole body irradiation, and grape seed extract was maintained for four days. RTx group: the same protocol was applied in this group; however, they received distilled water instead of grape seed extract. Grape seed extract group: only grape seed extract solution was administered for 11 consecutive days in the same fashion. CONTROL GROUP only distilled water (orally) was administered in a similar manner. The level of malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, two important endogenous antioxidants, were evaluated in tissue homogenates. RESULTS Grape seed extract was seen to protect the cellular membrane from oxidative damage and consequently from protein and lipid oxidation. In the RTx group, malondialdehyde levels were extremely higher than those of the grape seed extract-RTx group (p<0.001). Grape seed extract administration moderately reserved the malondialdehyde levels. RTx therapy decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the liver homogenates (p<0.001), and these alterations were significantly reversed by grape seed extract treatment (p<0.001). There were no differences between the grape seed extract- RTx, grape seed extract and control groups with regard to antioxidant activity (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The levels of antioxidant parameters on RTx-induced liver toxicity were restored to control values with grape seed extract therapy. Grape seed extract may be promising as a therapeutic option in RTx-induced oxidative stress in the rat liver.
TrueTime: Simulation of Control Loops Under Shared Computer Resources

Abstract The paper presents TrueTime, a Matlab/Simulink-based simulator for real-time control systems. TrueTime makes it possible to simulate the temporal behavior of multi-tasking real-time kernels containing controller tasks and to study the effects of CPU and network scheduling on control performance. The simulated real-time kernel is event-driven and can handle external interrupts as well as fine-grained details such as context switches. Arbitrary scheduling policies may be defined, and the control tasks may be implemented using C functions, M functions, or Simulink block diagrams. A number of examples that illustrate the use of TrueTime are presented.
Study the Clinical and Electrocardiographic Changes in Organophosphorus Poisoning

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2017. 5.9. 47 Abstract: OP compound poisoning is a global problem and is most common medicotoxic emergency in India. Cardiac manifestations are also seen due to OP poisoning which may be serious and often fatal if not diagnosed early and treated adequately. We studied clinical and electrocardiographic changes in op poisoning. To study the clinical as well as electrocardiographic changes in patients with Organophosphorus compound poisoning. A total of 95 patients were included in the study. Patients admitted to tertiary care center with history of OP poisoning, with clinical symptoms and signs in less than 24hrs were included in the study. Electrocardiogram was done on day of admission, 3 rd day and 7 th day. In our study (51.6%) were female, 48.4 % were male. Incidence of OP poisoning was more common among age group 21-30 years. Farmers (35.8%) were more common among occupation. Monocrotophos (25.3%) was commonly used compound for poisoning. The commonest clinical findings noted were increased secretions (vomiting, urination, sweating) followed by signs such as mitosis and fasciculation’s. Study also revealed significant electrocardiographic changes associated with OP poisoning during hospitalization and reverted during discharge by 7 th day. Common electrocardiographic changes in patients with organophosphorus compound poisoning noticed were sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, prolonged QTc, ST-T changes like ST inversion and T inversion and Tall T. Electrocardiogram changes can also be used as a prognostic tool.
Finding Non-local Dependencies: Beyond Pattern Matching

We describe an algorithm for recovering non-local dependencies in syntactic dependency structures. The pattern-matching approach proposed by Johnson (2002) for a similar task for phrase structure trees is extended with machine learning techniques. The algorithm is essentially a classifier that predicts a non-local dependency given a connected fragment of a dependency structure and a set of structural features for this fragment. Evaluating the algorithm on the Penn Treebank shows an improvement of both precision and recall, compared to the results presented in (Johnson, 2002).
Efficient occlusion culling for z-buffer systems

In recent years the performance of z-buffer hardware has improved rapidly, enabling inexpensive accelerators to smoothly animate relatively simple scenes such as game environments. Although faster processors, buses, and rasterization hardware will gradually enable animation of increasingly complex scenes, it will be many years before very deeply occluded scenes can be rendered in real time with traditional z-buffer hardware.One approach to accelerating the rendering of complex scenes is occlusion culling, which refers to culling of occluded geometry early in the graphics pipeline in order to reduce the workload on transformation, rasterization, and shading hardware. In this talk I will discuss the general problem of occlusion culling, review my work on applying hierarchical methods to the problem, and then describe how these methods can be applied to accelerate hardware pipelines.
A PREDICTIVE MULTISCALE FRAMEWORK FOR SIMULATING FLOW-INDUCED PLATELET ACTIVATION : DNS-DPD-CGMD-MD

1 Biomedical Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-8151, {peng.zhang , jawaad.sheriff , gil.marom, chao.gao. 1 , danny.bluestein}@stonybrook.edu 2 Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, chairman.syns@gmail.com 3 Civil Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-2200, {xiaolei.yang, fotis.sotiropoulos}@stonybrook.edu 4 Applied Mathematics Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3600, yuefan.deng@stonybrook.edu
Dupuytren's contracture: MR imaging findings and correlation between MR signal intensity and cellularity of lesions.

OBJECTIVE Dupuytren's contracture is a common fibrosing disorder of the hand which often results in progressive and debilitating flexion contractures of the fingers. Recurrence after surgical release is common and may be related, in part, to the cellularity of the lesion. We describe the MR appearance of Dupuytren's contracture and correlate signal characteristics with the degree of cellularity of the lesion. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 11 hands in 10 patients were studied. All patients had surgical resection after MR imaging (median interval, 3 days). The surgical and pathologic findings were correlated with the MR findings. The signal characteristics of the lesions were correlated with the histologic findings. RESULTS We found that MR imaging was accurate for detecting Dupuytren's contracture and depicting its extent. The lesions include subcutaneous nodules, usually at the level of the distal palmar crease, and cords that lie parallel and superficial to the flexor tendons. The cords had a uniformly low signal intensity (similar to the signal intensity of tendon) on both T1- and T2-weighted images in 18 of 22 cases, whereas the remaining four cases had a low to intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images (a slightly higher signal intensity than that of tendon) and a low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Histologically, the cords were hypocellular and composed of dense collagen. Most nodules had an intermediate signal intensity (similar to that of muscle) on both T1- and T2-weighted images (10 of 13 cases), usually stippled with focal areas of lower signal intensity. Histologically, these nodules were mostly cellular. Three of the nodules had a low signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images and were hypocellular histologically. CONCLUSION We conclude that MR imaging can be used to define palmar involvement in Dupuytren's contracture. The signal characteristics of the lesions correlate with the degree of cellularity of the lesions as seen histologically. The ability to assess preoperatively the cellularity of lesions of Dupuytren's contractures may be of prognostic significance, because highly cellular lesions tend to have higher rates of recurrence after surgery than do hypocellular lesions.
Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography and the Evolution of Migration in Accipitrid Birds of Prey (Aves: Accipitriformes)

Abstract Migration plays a fundamental part in the life of most temperate bird species. The regular, large-scale seasonal movements that characterize temperate migration systems appear to have originated in parallel with the postglacial northern expansion of tropical species. Migratoriness is also influenced by a number of ecological factors, such as the ability to survive harsh winters. Hence, understanding the origins and evolution of migration requires integration of the biogeographic history and ecology of birds in a phylogenetic context. We used molecular dating and ancestral state reconstruction to infer the origins and evolutionary changes in migratory behavior and ancestral area reconstruction to investigate historical patterns of range evolution in accipitrid birds of prey (Accipitriformes). Migration evolved multiple times in birds of prey, the earliest of which occurred in true hawks (Accipitrinae), during the middle Miocene period, according to our analyses. In most cases, a tropical ancestral distribution was inferred for the non-migratory ancestors of migratory lineages. Results from directional evolutionary tests indicate that migration evolved in the tropics and then increased the rate of colonization of temperate habitats, suggesting that temperate species might be descendants of tropical ones that dispersed into these seasonal habitats. Finally, we found that diet generalization predicts migratoriness in this group. Összefoglalás A legtöbb mérsékelt övi madárfaj életciklusában alapvető szerepet tölt be a vonulás. A rendszeres, nagy kiterjedésű mozgások, melyek a mérsékelt övi vonulási rendszereket jellemzik, egyes feltételezések szerint a trópusi fajok poszt-glaciális, északi irányú terjeszkedésével párhuzamosan jelentek meg. Ezen felül a vonulás előfordulását számos ökológiai tényező is befolyásolhatja, mint például a környezet szezonalitásának mértéke vagy a téli túlélést befolyásoló tényezők. A vonulás eredete és evolúciója ezért csak úgy érthető meg, ha a madarak biogeográfiai történetiségét és ökológiáját filogenetikai kontextusban tanulmányozzuk. Jelen vizsgálatban a vágómadár-alakúak (Accipitriformes) vonulásának evolúcióját elemeztük komparatív módszerekkel. Első lépésben létrehoztunk egy fosszilis adatok alapján datált molekuláris törzsfát, amelyen jellegrekonstrukciót végeztünk és rekonstruáltuk a fajok ősi elterjedési területét. Az elemzéseink alapján a vonulás többször alakult ki a ragadozók esetében, legkorábban a héjaformákon (Accipitrinae) belül, vélhetően a Miocén közepén. A legtöbb esetben a vonuló leszármazási vonalak nem vonuló őseinél trópusi elterjedésre következtethetünk. A direkcionális evolúciós teszt alapján a vonulás a trópusokon jelent meg és megnövelte a mérsékelt égöv kolonizációjának rátáját. Eszerint tehát a mérsékelt övi ragadozómadár fajok vonuló trópusi fajok leszármazottainak tekinthetők, melyek az erősen szezonális, északi élőhelyek irányába terjeszkedtek. Végezetül negatív kapcsolatot találtunk a vonulás megjelenése és a táplálékspecializáció mértéke között.
Experimental Research Testbeds for Large-Scale WSNs: A Survey from the Architectural Perspective

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a significant potential in diverse applications. In contrast to WSNs in a small-scale setting, the real-world adoption of large-scale WSNs is quite slow particularly due to the lack of robustness of protocols at all levels. Upon the demanding need for their experimental verification and evaluation, researchers have developed numerous WSN testbeds. While each individual WSN testbed contributes to the progress with its own unique innovation, still a missing element is an analysis on the overall system architecture and methodologies that can lead to systematic advances. This paper seeks to provide a framework to reason about the evolving WSN testbeds from the architectural perspective. We define three core requirements for WSN testbeds, which are scalability, flexibility, and efficiency. Then, we establish a taxonomy of WSN testbeds that represents the architectural design space by a hierarchy of design domains and associated design approaches. Through a comprehensive literature survey of existing prominent WSN testbeds, we examine their best practices for each design approach in our taxonomy. Finally, we qualitatively evaluate WSN testbeds for their responsiveness to the aforementioned core requirements by assessing the influence by each design approach on the core requirements and suggest future directions of research.
Adapting Object Detectors from Images to Weakly Labeled Videos

Due to the domain shift between images and videos, standard object detectors trained on images usually do not perform well on videos. At the same time, it is difficult to directly train object detectors from video data due to the lack of labeled video datasets. In this paper, we consider the problem of localizing objects in weakly labeled videos. A video is weakly labeled if we know the presence/absence of an object in a video (or each frame), but we do not know the exact spatial location. In addition to weakly labeled videos, we assume access to a set of fully labeled images. We incorporate domain adaptation in our framework and adapt the information from the labeled images (source domain) to the weakly labeled videos (target domain). Our experimental results on standard benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Our work can be used for collecting large-scale video datasets for object detection.
Economic modelling of different treatment strategies for haemophilia A with high‐responding inhibitors

Summary. This paper reports a systematic review of the cost‐effectiveness of treatment options in patients with haemophilia A with inhibitors. As very little relevant published evidence was identified, an economic modelling exercise was undertaken to calculate the cost‐effectiveness of different strategies in the treatment of high‐responding haemophilia A patients with inhibitors. A decision analysis approach was used to model the expected lifetime clinical outcomes and costs of the more common regimens currently used in UK in treating severe haemophiliacs with inhibitors.
Preoptic–Raphé Connections for Thermoregulatory Vasomotor Control

Blood flow to glabrous skin such as the rat's tail determines heat dissipation from the body and is regulated by sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves. Tail vasoconstrictor activity is tonically inhibited by neurons in two distinct preoptic regions, rostromedial (RMPO) and caudolateral (CLPO) regions, whose actions may be via direct projections to medullary raphé premotor neurons. In urethane-anesthetized rats, we sought single preoptic neurons that were antidromically activated from the medullary raphé and could subserve this function. Nine of 45 raphé-projecting preoptic neurons, predominantly in the CLPO, showed spontaneous activity under warm conditions and were inhibited by cooling the trunk skin (warm-responsive). Unexpectedly, 14 raphé-projecting preoptic neurons (mostly in the RMPO) were activated by skin cooling (cold-responsive), suggesting that an excitatory pathway from this region could contribute to tail vasoconstriction. Supporting this, neuronal disinhibition in the RMPO by microinjecting the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (0.5 mm, 15 nl) caused a rapid increase in tail sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Similar injections into the CLPO were without effect. Electrical stimulation of the RMPO also activated tail SNA, with a latency ∼25 ms longer than to stimulation of the medullary raphé. Injection of the glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenate (50 mm, 120 nl) into the medullary raphé suppressed tail SNA responses to both RMPO bicuculline and skin cooling. These findings suggest that both inhibitory and excitatory descending drives regulate tail vasoconstriction in the cold and that warm- and cold-responsive raphé-projecting preoptic neurons may mediate these actions.
Evaluation of Biological Aging Process – A Population-Based Study of Healthy People in China

Background: Although there have been cross-sectional and longitudinal studies examining biological age (BA) with chronological age (CA)-related changes in physical, physiological, biochemical, and hormonal variables, few studies have performed echocardiographic evaluation of the cardiovascular system and inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, little is known about biomarkers of aging and BA score (BAS) for healthy people in China. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the biomarkers of healthy aging and to establish BAS for healthy people in China. Methods: We examined 2,876 men and women aged 30–98 years old in three Chinese cities, and 852 healthy subjects were assessed with 108 physical, morphological, physiological and biochemical variables. After excluding binary variables, variables that had a correlation coefficient with CA of ≤0.25 and redundant variables, eight variables including CA, arterial pulse pressure (PP), intima-media thickness (IMT), end diastolic velocity (EDV), ratio of peak velocity of early filling to atrial filling (E/A), mitral valve annulus lateral wall of peak velocity of early filling (MVEL), cystatin C (CYSC), and fibrinogen (FIB) were selected as candidate biomarkers of aging based on a factor-weighted BAS composite for predicting BA. Results: The BAS equation was 0.248 (CA) + 0.195 (IMT) – 0.196 (EDV) – 0.167 (E/A) – 0.166 (MVEL) + 0.188 (PP) + 0.182 (FIB) + 0.193 (CYSC). Individual BAS were significantly correlated with CA (r = 0.893, p < 0.001). Biological aging rate predicted by BAS was accelerated with increases in CA, and peaked when healthy men and women reached ≧75 years of age. Conclusions: Our data suggest that BAS is superior to CA in assessing the rate of aging in healthy Chinese people. The cardiovascular variables play a crucial role in the evaluation of biological aging. Biological aging rate appears to be age specific.