Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Public Transport Planning and Operations Using Automatic Vehicle Location Data: The Dutch Example.

There is a growing pressure on urban public transport companies and authorities to improve efficiency, stemming from reduced budgets, political expectations and competition between operators. In order to find inefficiencies, bottlenecks and potentials in the public transport service, it is useful to learn from recorded operational data. We first describe the state of publicly available transit data, with an emphasis on the Dutch situation. The value of insights from Automatic Vehicle Location data is demonstrated by examples. Finally, a software tool is described that makes quick comprehensive operational analysis possible for operators and public transport authorities, and was able to identify several bottlenecks when applied in practice
Shape recovery behavior under thermo-mechanical loads in TiNi alloys

The measurements of shape memory effect of the Ti50.08Ni49. 92 alloy were conducted by observing the progressive changes in shape recovery with increasing number of thermo-mechanical cycles. Two different thermo-mechanical protocols were studied using a bending apparatus. In the first one, the temperature cycling was performed under bending deformation for cooling and subsequent heating without external load. After each heating path the shape recovery was evaluated as a result of reverse transformation. In the second protocol the temperature cycling was executed under bending deformation both for cooling and heating. Here, the shape recovery was measured under load and as the load was released right after heating. The results for the second protocol showed that the degree of shape recovery decreases continuously with thermo-mechanical cycling while in the first protocol it is observed to be high almost stable. It was found that the changes in shape recovery behaviour depend on the nature of the transformation cycle, in particular, on whether a stress is applied during transformation. The reverse transformation in the second protocol occurred under load; therefore, such a loading process may inhibit to some extent the shape recovery by an uncompleted transformation (retained martensite). The results also suggested that the microstructural changes in the actuated material are more pronounced for the thermo-mechanical cycling where the load was maintained during both cooling and heating in comparison to the cycling with heating under no load.
Electrical Modeling of Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Storage Devices

This paper focuses on the electrical modeling techniques of renewable energy sources and storage devices such as batteries, fuel cells (FCs), photovoltaic (PVs) arrays, ultra-capacitors (UCs), and flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) All of these devices are being invest1gated recently for their typical storage and supply capabilities for various industrial applications Hence, these devices must be modeled precisely taking into account the concerned practical issues. An obvious advantage of electrically modeling these renewable energy sources and storage devices is the fact that they can easily be simulated in real-l1me in any CAD simulation program. This paper reviews several types of suitable models for each of the above-mentioned devices and the most appropriate model amongst them is presented. Furthermore, a few important applications of these devices shall also be highlighted.
Design of A Planar UWB Antenna based on Inverted E-shaped Patch With Dual Band- Notched Characteristics

A printed monopole antenna, consisting of an inverted E-shaped form on the patch and a ground plane truncated with two mirror rectangular notches for ultra wideband (UWB) applications with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. Two notched frequency bands are achieved by adjusting the inverted E-shape form lengths in the radiation patch. The proposed antenna operates over the frequency band between 2.8 and 13.9 GHz for a voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2, except two frequency notched bands of 3.2-4.2GHz and 5.1-5.9 GHz, and has small overall dimensions of 18 × 15 × 1mm 3 . Experimental and simulated antenna results show that the proposed antenna has a desirable VSWR level
Experimental investigation of draft tube flow instability

The draft tube of a hydraulic turbine is the component where the flow exiting the runner is decelerated, thereby converting the excess of kinetic energy into static pressure. However, in some refurbishment cases, the installation of an upgraded runner with an old draft- tube leads to an undesirable efficiency drop as the discharge is increased above the best efficiency point value. It is found to be related to a corresponding sudden variation in the draft tube pressure recovery coefficient at the same discharge. The model of a recent refurbishment which presents this instability is installed in the CREMHyG test rig. Steady and unsteady measurements of velocity and pressure fields of the complex and highly turbulent swirling flow exiting the runner have been carried out at CREMHyG (Grenoble). They included the three components of the velocity. The flow in the draft tube is rich in secondary flows and possible flow separation due to the elbow as well as to the divergent shape of this geometry. Pressure and velocity field measurements in the draft-tube have been performed. They let us identify some phenomena that may explain the origin of the unusual behavior of the draft tube. Finally, the same model, with a modified draft tube geometry that was designed to reduce the efficiency drop phenomenon has been installed. Velocity measurements were made to validate the benefit of such geometry modification.
Rounding Algorithm of Minimizing Executing and Transmitting Time in Multiple CRANs

Recently, Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) is a technology for reducing communication load and improving the performance of user tasks. In a CRAN, remote radio heads (RRHs) are densely set up to enable users to connect to the network nearby, and baseband unit (BBU) pools are used to store and execute user contents and tasks. In this paper, our goal is to perform joint optimization when scheduling user tasks and assigning RRH to users in a multiple CRAN infrastructure. The joint problem is NP-hard and modeled as a 0/1 integer linear programming (ILP) with the objective of minimizing the total time of executing user tasks and transmitting user output contents under the constraints of RRH linked capacities and BBU pool computing resources. Then, an algorithm is designed by adopting the rounding technology to solve the 0/1 ILP. We will prove its approximation ratio competitively. The conducted simulations further show that the difference between its solution and the optimal one of the 0/1 ILP is very small, and its approximation ratio is between 1.09 and 1.17. In the conducted experiments, the results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is indeed practical to be implemented in a multiple CRAN infrastructure.
Predictive Ability of Business Cycle Indicators under Test

Summary In this paper we assess the information content of seven widely cited early indicators for the euro area with respect to forecasting area-wide industrial production. To this end, we use various tests that are designed to compare competing forecast models. In addition to the standard Diebold-Mariano test, we employ tests that account for specific problems typically encountered in forecast exercises. Specifically, we pay attention to nested model structures, we alleviate the problem of data snooping arising from multiple pairwise testing, and we analyze the structural stability in the relative forecast performance of one indicator compared to a benchmark model. Moreover, we consider loss functions that overweight forecast errors in booms and recessions to check-whether a specific indicator that appears to be a good choice on average is also preferable in times of economic stress. We find that none of this indicators uniformly dominates all its competitors. The optimal choice rather depends on the specific forecast situation and the loss function of the user. For 1-month forecasts the business climate indicator of the European Commission and the OECD composite leading indicator generally work well, for 6-month forecasts the OECD composite leading indicator performs very good by all criteria, and for 12-month forecasts the FAZ-Euro indicator published by the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung is the only one that can beat the benchmark AR(1) model.
Real life book production — lessons learned from The LAT E X Companion

Some aspects of the production of The BTEX Companion are described. Deciding to write a book for the TUG Conference in Aston (Birmingham, UK) Text processing support staff at CERN, as, without doubt, in many other research institutes, universities or companies, had followed Leslie Lamport's advice in the LATEX Reference manual (Lamport 1985), and developed a Local Guide, which describes how LATEX can be used on CERN's various computer platforms, explains which interesting style files are a v d able, and provides a set of examples and pointers to further mformation. Alexander Samarin and one of the authors (Michel) had long planned to expand the material in that guide, to make it more generally available. When Frank visited CERN in April 1992 to give a presentation on the Q X 3 project, we talked to him about our idea. We outlined vaguely what we wanted to write, and Frank found the idea "interesting". After he got back home he proposed to talk to Peter Gordon of Addison-Wesley, to see whether they would be interested. They were, and at that point, all three of u s decided that it would be a good idea to collaborate. Defining contents and time scale At the end of June 1992 Michel had a first meeting with Frank in Mainz, where they wrote a detailed table of contents, down to the section level, whch contained in most cases an extended outline, with an estimated number of pages. Work by each of the authors, as assigned in the plan discussed in Mainz, continued over the summer, so that by the time of the Prague EuroTEX Conference in September 1992 we already had a nice 300 page preprint, which we discussed in great detail during various meetings in the Golden City. We also met with Peter Gordon, our editor at Addison-Wesley, and finalized aspects of the contract we had been &scussing previously. The final date for delivery of the compuscript was tentatively set for April 1st 1993, in order to having a chance of getting the book printed in the summer. Further work on the book during the autumn and the winter was essentially carried out by Frank and Michel, since Alexander went back to Russia at the end of October 1992, and when he finally returned to Geneva in March 1993, he took up a job with ISO, and had very little time left to spend on the book.
Rigorous analysis of coupling for slotted rectangular waveguides with Green's function

The coupling characteristics of two waveguides by transverse and longitudinal slot in the common wall are rigorous analyzed in this paper. The dyadic Green's functions are used to establish the integral equations and the coupling coefficients are then accurately calculated. The results obtained with the present approach are in good agreement with the data given in the literature.
Optimally Unstable Underactuated Gripper: Synthesis and Applications

This paper presents the synthesis of optimally unstable two-phalanx underactuated fingers. The method to obtain a design unable to grasp almost any object under normal conditions is presented. The technique relies on the careful analysis of the grasp-state plane and equilibrium curve associated to two-phalanx underactuated fingers. First, results of the analysis of the grasp-state plane are recalled. Second, unstable configurations and paradoxical equilibrium are presented. Then, the synthesis of optimally unstable fingers is detailed. Finally, applications of these unstable fingers are proposed.Copyright © 2006 by ASME
Operation simulator of heavy haul train

A train operation simulator is developed. It can be applied to train dynamics research, driver training and railway management especially those of heavy haul train with electric locomotives. The simulator is composed of a main computer system, graphic display system and training environment. A model of train dynamic action, which takes vibrations of every car in six degrees of freedom (longitudinal, lateral, vertical, roll, pitch and yaw motion) into consideration, is established and realized on computer. Operation results are output on the printer, plotter and graphic terminal. Although only a microcomputer is used as a main computer, this simulator can simulate a train with up to 200 cars in real time.
Dislocation Analysis of 3C-SiC Nanoindentation with Different Crystal Plane Groups Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation

To explore the deformation law of nanoindentation dislocations of different crystal plane groups of 3C-SiC by cube indenter. The molecular dynamics simulation method is used to construct the different crystal plane family models of 3C-SiC, select the ensemble, set the potential function, optimize the crystal structure, and relax the indentation process. The radial distribution function, shear strain, and dislocation deformation of nanoindentation on (001), (110), and (111) planes were analyzed, respectively. In the radial distribution function, the change in g r in the (110) crystal plane is the most obvious. Shear strain and dislocation occur easily at the boundary of square indentation defects. During the indentation process, the shear strain is enhanced along the atomic bond arrangement structure, (001) crystal plane shear strain is mainly concentrated around and below the indentation defects and produce a large number of cross dislocations, (110) the crystal plane shear strain is mainly concentrated in the shear strain chain extending around and below the indentation defect, which mainly produces horizontal dislocations, and (111) the crystal plane shear strain is mainly concentrated in four weeks extending on the left and right sides in the direction below the indentation defect and produces horizontal and vertical dislocations. The direction of shear stress release is related to the crystal structure. The crystal structure affects the direction of atomic slip, resulting in the results of sliding in different directions. The final dislocation rings are different, resulting in different indentation results.
Design OFAVR Using Genetic Algorithm and PID Controller

3 Abstract: With the rise of electricity demand, the secure and economic operation of power systems requires improved and innovative methods of control. Recently, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a new paradigm for optimization based on biological evolution provides a powerful search technique for power systems. This paper deals with PID controller tuning of AVR of an isolated power system using GA. The simulation results from other intelligent controller techniques like fuzzy and neural are also presented. The superiority of the performance with proposed GA based PID controller is demonstrated with simulation results.
Data‐Driven Stress Prediction for Thermoplastic Materials

The present study applies two different machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict the stress‐strain mapping for the non‐linear behaviour of thermoplastic materials: a Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm and a Feed‐Forward Neural Network (FFNN). The approach of this work requires the generation of the stress‐strain curve for specific material parameters. The training data are obtained from the von Mises material law and the Ramberg‐Osgood equation. The four combinations of ML algorithms with constitutive laws are evaluated and show a good agreement with numerical data.
Efficient hole-transport layer free perovskite solar cell with perovskite homojunction

Hole-transport layer free perovskite solar cells (HTL-free PSCs) have attracted much attention due to low production cost and high device stability. However, the efficiency of such devices cannot compete with devices with HTL. Here, we propose the HTL-free PSCs device structure with perovskite homojunction. wxAMPS software is used to optimize some parameters that affect the performance of the device, such as the thickness of perovskite absorption layer, the proportion of n-type and p-type layers and doping concentration, and an efficiency of more than 19% is obtained. It is found that in order to obtain a high-efficiency HTL-free device, the ratio of p-type perovskite layer to total absorber layer should be 0.2 and heavily doped, while the doping concentration of n-type layer should be reduced. This work has laid a theoretical foundation for the preparation of efficient HTL-free PSCs.
Propagation and delay-optimal safety messaging in vehicular networks

OF THE DISSERTATION Propagation and Delay-Optimal Safety Messaging in Vehicular Networks by Sanjit Krishnan Kaul Dissertation Director: Prof. Marco Gruteser Vehicles that talk to each other are expected to unleash a broad spectrum of applications that will make road travel safer, faster, efficient and more entertaining. We study safety messaging, which enables applications that provide different levels of driver assistance to improve on-road safety, for different vehicular network scenarios. Initial deployments of safety applications in vehicles are expected to be sparse with support for event-driven messaging over a few wireless hops, for example, a car broadcasting messages when in distress. We propose GeoMAC, a protocol that exploits spatial diversity of forwarder nodes, and a geo-backoff mechanism to resolve contention between them, and achieves message delivery with smaller latency and jitter, and greater reliability. Eventually, all on-road vehicles will broadcast their state information, such as location and velocity, many times a second. Each vehicle’s state must be received in a timely manner and be refreshed periodically at all other vehicles of interest. The network objective of minimizing the system age, which we define, is then explored for single and multi-hop networks. For single-hop networks we assume a carrier-sense-multiple-access (CSMA) based sharing of the wireless medium. We show that the minimum system age cannot be achieved in 802.11 networks through pure MAC techniques. We propose, and evaluate on ORBIT, an application broadcast rate adaptation algorithm that allows nodes to locally adapt their messaging rate to
Fast Transits to Mars Using Electric Propulsion

The use of electric propulsion for Mars has been explored since the 1970’s when men looked to travel beyond the moon. The use of electric propulsion has been recommended in several studies as a low-risk, lower cost approach to the robotic Mars sample return missions. Electric propulsion has been evaluated for delivery of Mars cargo using power systems order of magnitude beyond state-of-the-art. Electric propulsion has also been considered for fast transits to Mars supporting manned exploration activities. Results of generalized electric propulsion transits form Earth to Mars are presented. Trades are presented as a generalized assessment based on spacecraft mass-to-power ratio, trip time, and propulsion system performance including variable and constant specific impulse, and efficiency.
Does the Agglomeration of Producer Services and the Market Entry of Enterprises Promote Carbon Reduction? An Empirical Analysis of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

As the world’s largest carbon emitter, China has been committed to carbon emission reduction and green development. Under the goal of “double carbon”, adjusting the industrial structure and promoting the development of producer services are regarded as effective emission reduction paths. In this paper, from the perspective of market entry of enterprises, we firstly investigate the transmission mechanism between market entry of enterprises and industrial agglomeration and summarize the carbon emission reduction mechanism of producer services. Based on the panel data of 110 prefecture-level cities in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) from 2003 to 2017, we analyze the impact of producer services on carbon emission reduction by using the dynamic spatial panel model. The empirical results show that China’s urban carbon dioxide emissions have noticeable spatial spillover effects and high emission club clustering characteristics and exhibit a noticeable snowball effect and leakage effect in time and space dimensions. The development of the producer services can effectively reduce carbon emission levels, effectively solving the dilemma of “stabilizing growth and promoting emission reduction”. Furthermore, there is an apparent synergistic effect between enterprises’ market entry and industrial agglomeration. The agglomeration of producer services can effectively promote the entry of innovative new enterprises, thus increasing the carbon emission reduction effect. However, due to resource mismatch and isomorphic development, this carbon emission reduction effect has apparent industrial heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity. Finally, this paper makes suggestions for optimizing regional industrial structure, strengthening inter-regional linkage cooperation, and promoting the advanced development of the producer services.
Shear transfer across cracks in reinforced concrete due to aggregate interlock and to dowel action

Synopsis Tensile cracking of reinforced concrete plate elements results in a significant reduction in the in-plane shear stiffness and strength. Shear can be transmitted across the cracks either by interlocking of the aggregate particles protruding from each face or by shearing of the reinforcement crossing the cracks. Tests of a new type are devised to study these mechanisms independently and the results are compared with several theoretical models. It is concluded that the aggregate mechanism results from a combination of crushing and overriding of the crack faces and can be predicted if the normal stiffness that restrains crack widening is known. The initial shear stiffness and ultimate shear strength due to dowel action are successfully predicted from theoretical models and an exponential curve is used to describe the intermediate behaviour.
Quasi-Z-Source Inverter based Induction Motor Drive with Voltage sags/swells Mitigation

This paper presents a quasi-Z-Source inverter based induction motor drive system. The speed of the induction motor is controlled by using V/f control method. Also the proposed system has an ability to compensate the voltage sags and swells. The advantage of the proposed system is that no energy storage component is required to compensate the voltage sag/swell. The operating principal of the proposed quasi-Z-source inverter based system is described and Matlab/Simuliink simulation is presented to verify the proposed concept and theoretical analysis. Index Terms—Induction Motor Drive, Quasi-Z-Source inverter (q-ZSI), Simple Boost Control (SBC), V/f Control.
It's Turtles all the Way Down: A Comparative Analysis of Visually Induced Motion Sickness

One of the most frustrating aspects of motion sickness is the apparent lack of predictability, particularly from one context (seasickness) to another (cybersickness). It has been postulated that this lack of predictability is indicative of separate but related disorders. Recent evidence has suggested that the problem may not lie in the disorder itself, but in the measures used to predict it. Based on the predictions of Riccio and Stoffregen (1991) and the findings of Smart, Stoffregen, and Bardy (2002), a secondary analysis was performed using parameters of postural motion in order to classify participants who would later become motion sick across three laboratory (four modes of presentation: moving room (Smart, et al, 2002), high fidelity flight simulator (Stoffregen, et al, 2000) large screen projection, and head mounted display (Otten, 2005)) settings. Results suggest that measures of postural instability may serve as a common, minimally invasive, and predictive index of visually induced motion sickness.