Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Waist Circumference with Lipid and Glucose Metabolism among Southern Brazilian Children

Background and Aims: The measurement of waist circumference (wc) has been considered an important tool for identifying children at risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. To evaluate the relationship between WC and lipid and glucose metabolism. Methods and Results: Cross-sectional study performed with a population-based sample of 588 children. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC above 90 percentile. The biochemical parameters evaluated were the serum levels involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. Children with high DC showed significantly higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (49.2% v. 39.6% p=0.022), hypertriglyceridemia (39.0% v. 8.0% p=<0.001), hyperinsulinemia (10.2% v. 0.6% p=<0.001), insulin resistance (27.1% v. 2.3% p=0.001) and inadequate levels of HDL-C (53.4% v. 32.4% p=0.001). There were significant correlations between CC and insulin (r=0.50), HOMA-IR (r=0.51), weight (r=0.86), height (r=0.53) and BMI (r=0.87) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results demonstrate the importance of measuring the CC to identify children at high risk of cardiovascular and metabolic changes.
High-Speed Control of IPMSM Drives Using Improved Fuzzy Logic Algorithms

This paper presents an improved fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for high-performance industrial drive applications. In the proposed control scheme for high-speed operations above the rated speed, the operating limits of IPMSM are expanded by incorporating the maximum torque per ampere operation in constant torque region and the flux-weakening operation in constant power region. The power ratings of the motor and the inverter are considered in developing the control algorithm. A new and simple FLC is utilized as a speed controller. The FLC is developed to have less computational burden, which makes it suitable for real-time implementation, particularly at high-speed operating conditions. The complete drive is implemented in real-time using digital signal processor (DSP) controller board DS 1102 on a laboratory 1-hp IPM motor. The efficiency of the proposed control scheme is evaluated through both experimental and computer simulation results. The proposed controller is found to be robust for high-speed applications
In Vivo Dynamics of Swi6 in Yeast: Evidence for a Stochastic Model of Heterochromatin

ABSTRACT The mechanism for transcriptional silencing of pericentric heterochromatin is conserved from fission yeast to mammals. Silenced genome regions are marked by epigenetic methylation of histone H3, which serves as a binding site for structural heterochromatin proteins. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the major structural heterochromatin protein is Swi6. To gain insight into Swi6 function in vivo, we have studied its dynamics in the nucleus of living yeast. We demonstrate that, in contrast to mammalian cells, yeast heterochromatin domains undergo rapid, large-scale motions within the nucleus. Similar to the situation in mammalian cells, Swi6 does not permanently associate with these chromatin domains but binds only transiently to euchromatin and heterochromatin. Swi6 binding dynamics are dependent on growth status and on the silencing factors Clr4 and Rik1, but not Clr1, Clr2, or Clr3. By comparing the kinetics of mutant Swi6 proteins in swi6− and swi6+ strains, we demonstrate that homotypic protein-protein interactions via the chromoshadow domain stabilize Swi6 binding to chromatin in vivo. Kinetic modeling allowed quantitative estimation of residence times and indicated the existence of at least two kinetically distinct populations of Swi6 in heterochromatin. The observed dynamics of Swi6 binding are consistent with a stochastic model of heterochromatin and indicate evolutionary conservation of heterochromatin protein binding properties from mammals to yeast.
Repair versus shaving of partial-thickness articular-sided tears of the upper subscapularis tendon. A prospective randomized controlled trial

Abstract Purpose:the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether treating partial-thickness articular-sided tears of the upper subscapularis (SSC) tendon with a dedicated suture anchor would result in an internal rotation strength improvement compared with simple shaving of the SSC tendon and footprint. Methods: twenty-six patients with a limited SSC tendon tear (equal or inferior to the most superior centimeter) in association with a posterosuperior cuff lesion were prospectively randomized to two treatments: repair with a dedicated suture anchor versus shaving of the tendon and footprint. The patients also underwent long head of the biceps (LHB) treatment and posterosuperior cuff tear repair. In each patient the following parameters were measured both preoperatively and at a minimum follow-up of 2.5 years: strength in internal rotation in the bear-hug testing position (using a digital tensiometer), DASH score and Constant scores. MRI assessment of tendon healing was performed at the final follow-up. Results: twenty of the 26 patients (76%) were reviewed after a mean follow-up time of 42 months: 11 patients had undergone SSC tendon repair and nine simple shaving. At final follow-up no significant differences were found between the repaired and shaving group in strength in internal rotation (9.5 ± 3.8 kg versus 10.3±5.4 kg; p=0.7). the DASH score and Constant score also failed to show significant differences between the two groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in SSC tendon healing rate was observed on MRI evaluation. Conclusions: partial-thickness articular-sided tear of the upper SSC tendon in association with a posterosuperior rotator cuff repair and LHB treatment, when limited to the superior centimeter of the SSC tendon, shows a comparable performance in terms of strength in internal rotation either after simple shaving or a tendon-to-bone repair. Level of evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Reliability information in channel decoding: practical aspects and information theoretical bounds

This thesis addresses the use of reliability information in channel decoding. The considered transmission systems comprise linear binary channel encoders, symmetric memoryless communication channels, and non-iterative or iterative symbol-by-symbol soft-output channel decoders. The notions of accurate and mismatched reliability values are introduced, and the measurement and improvement of the quality of reliability values are discussed. A criterion based on the Kullback-Leibler distance is proposed to assess the difference between accurate and mismatched reliability values. Accurate reliability values may be exploited to estimate transmission quality parameters, such as the bit-error probability or the symbol-wise mutual information between encoder input and decoder output. The proposed method is unbiased, does not require knowledge of the transmitted data, and has a smaller estimation variance than the conventional method. Symbol-by-symbol soft-output decoding may be interpreted as processing of mutual information. The behavior of a decoder may be characterized by information transfer functions, such as information processing characteristics (IPCs) or extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) functions. Bounds on information transfer functions are derived using the concept of bounding combined information. The resulting bounds are valid for all binary-input symmetric memoryless channels. Single parity-check codes, repetition codes, and the accumulator are addressed. Based on such bounds, decoding thresholds for low-density parity-check codes are analytically determined.
Macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota after Helicobacter pylori treatment

Large-scale chemoprevention of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer through eradication of Helicobacter pylori would expose large population groups to antibiotics, which raises concerns about possible dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The objective of this cohort study was to determine whether a triple therapy, containing omeprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole, of H. pylori infection increases the prevalence of macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota. 85 patients with a peptic ulcer disease with verified H. pylori infection and 12 dyspeptic patients without positive findings upon endoscopy were included. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of clarithromycin for Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Bacteroides spp. were determined from samples taken before and after treatment, and 1 y later. Before treatment, macrolide resistance was observed in 11%, 31%, 9% and 11% of the staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci and Bacteroides, respectively. The number of resistant isolates remained elevated after 1 y, most notably for staphylococci and streptococci. No development of persistent resistance was detected in the untreated control group. Triple therapy including clarithromycin leads to persistent macrolide resistance in the normal microbiota. A prevalent pool of resistance genes in the normal microbiota constitutes an ecological hazard that needs to be considered before global treatment programmes for eradication of H. pylori are implemented.
Relationship of Substance P‐lmmunoreactive Nerve Fibers with Somatotropes of the Anterior Pituitary in the Monkey

In a previous study, substance P‐immunoreactive nerve fibers were demonstrated in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary in the monkey. The present work investigated their relationship with somatotropes. Pituitaries of Macaca mulatta monkeys were frozen, sectioned and double immunostained with antisera against substance P and human growth hormone. Substance P‐immunoreactive nerve fibers, with many varicosities, were found in close proximity to somatotropes. It is suggested that a direct neural factor may be involved in the regulation of growth hormone secretion.
Use of Molar Growth Yields for the Evaluation of Energy-Producing Pathways in Lactobacillus plantarum

Lactobacillus plantarum (arabinosus) can derive 2 moles of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) per mole of glucose metabolized to lactate via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (Elsden and Peel, Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 12:145, 1958). Snoswell (Australian J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 37:49, 1959) suggested that subsequent oxidation of lactate, initiated by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideindependent flavoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, might produce additional ATP via an electrontransport chain. Thus, the low energy yield of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway may be supplemented in this manner. Until recently, there was no method for measuring total ATP production in vivo. The earlier work of Monod (Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 3:371, 1949) provided the basis for the term molar growth yield, or yield coefficient, Y, [defined as grams (dry weight) of organism produced per mole of substrate utilized], and Bauchop and Elsden (J. Gen. Microbiol. 23:457, 1960) introduced the concept of YATP . The latter authors examined a number of anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria, under conditions in which the pathways of ATP production are known. They showed that YATP = 10.5 during growth. Elsden suggested that this figure may vary by ±t2.0 (personal communication). Senez (Bacteriol. Rev. 26:95, 1962) presented a detailed treatment of this concept. Thus, if L. plantarum utilizes glucose as the energy source, and metabolizes this solely via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway producing lactate, the molar growth yield would be 21.0 i 4.0 g (dry weight) of cells. If lactate is metabolized further by any additional pathways the yield would be significantly higher. The following experiments were designed to examine this possibility. L. plantarum ATCC 8014 was grown on the synthetic medium of Henderson and Snell (J. Biol. Chem. 172:15, 1948), modified by using only half quantities of phosphate buffer and omitting ammonium chloride, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate. On this modified medium, the cultures grew at least as well as in the original medium. The cultures were grown for 48 hr at 30 C in 25 ml of medium in 150-ml Erlenmeyer flasks, continuously agitated on a wrist-action shaker. The dry weight of the cells was determined by measuring the absorbancy of cell suspensions at 660 mA in a Unicam S.P. 500 spectrophotometer; these values were related to a standard curve prepared from cells produced in each experiment. The growth response to added glucose was linear (Fig. 1), indicating that under the experimental conditions all glucose had been utilized. The slope of the line in Fig. 1 shows that the molar growth yield for glucose (Ygiucose) is 18.8 ,g (dry weight) of cells per ,mole of glucose. Thus
Prevalence and Trends in Alcohol Dependence and Alcohol Use Disorders in Japanese Adults; Results from Periodical Nationwide Surveys.

AIMS Nationwide surveys to clarify the characteristics and trends of the drinking behavior of Japanese adults were carried out in 2003, 2008, and 2013. METHODS These were periodical cross-sectional surveys. Subjects were chosen through a stratified two-stage random sampling method. The surveys included drinking frequency and amount, ICD-10 alcoholism diagnostic standards, questionnaire for the determination of harmful alcohol use ( AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). In 2003, the surveys obtained responses from 2547 people (73% response rate); in 2008, 4123 people (55% response rate); and in 2013, 4153 people (59% response rate). RESULTS The proportion of lifetime experience of alcohol dependence diagnosed by ICD-10 was 1.9% for male and 0.2% for female, and the estimated number of patients was 1.07 million. The declining trends were observed in the percentage of daily drinkers and the amount of alcohol consumed per week for male. The lowering of the age for consuming their first alcoholic drink and their first drunken experience was observed among female. The gender difference of prevalence of problem drinking is getting smaller. The binge drinking and heavy episodic drinking were observed especially younger generation. The only small proportion of patients with alcohol dependence had received specialized medical care, whereas the many of these visited medical institutions and health screening. CONCLUSIONS The survey observed many hidden alcoholic patients, and showed the possibility that the healthcare facilities and health screening became the place of screening and intervention for alcohol dependence.
Chemosurgical treatment of cancer of the face; a microscopically controlled method of excision.

THE DEVELOPMENT of the chemosurgical method has been described, 1 as has the use of the method in the treatment of cancer in specific sites such as lip, 2 nose, 3 ear 4 and eyelid. 5 This article concerns the chemosurgical treatment of cancer of the face, exclusive of the nose, ear, eyelid and vermilion portion of the lips. TECHNIC The most important feature of the chemosurgical treatment of cancer is the microscopic control of excision afforded by the technic hereinafter described. As the term "chemosurgery" suggests, the tissues are chemically treated and then surgically excised. The chemical treatment serves to produce fixation of the tissues, so that specimens may be excised for systematic microscopic examination. To illustrate the technic there will be described the chemosurgical treatment of a simple squamous cell epithelioma of the temple (fig. 1 A ). The following steps were taken: 1. Dichloroacetic acid was applied to
Peak Heart Rates during Maximal Running and Swimming: Implications for Exercise Prescription

Thirty-four college-age fitness swimmers, 19 males and 15 females, were maximally tested during treadmill running (TR) and tethered swimming (TS). A discontinuous, graded test protocol was used for both TR and TS with 2-min stages and 1-min rest periods. Peak HRs were obtained via a UNIQ CIC monitor during the last 120 s of each stage. Blood lactate was measured at 3 min post exercise using a YSI Model 27 Analyzer. TS peak HR was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than both the age-predicted HRmax (220-age) and TR peak HR by 13 and 11 bt.min-1, respectively. Blood lactate for TS (8.0 mmol.l-1) and TR (8.1 mmol.l-1) were similar. Mean target heart rate range (THRR) calculated from TS peak HR (144-176 bt.min-1) was significantly lower than THRR calculated from age-predicted max HR (151-187 bt.min-1) and TR peak HR (151-186 bt.min-1). For young adult fitness swimmers, we suggest reducing the HRmax obtained from treadmill exercise or predicted from age by 12 bt.min-1. This correction appears to be a reasonable estimate of swimming HRmax that can be used for calculating exercise intensity.
Cell Activation-Induced Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Alpha/Beta Dimerization Regulates PTEN Activity

ABSTRACT The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) pathway is one of the central routes that enhances cell survival, division, and migration, and it is frequently deregulated in cancer. PI3K catalyzes formation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] after cell activation; PTEN subsequently reduces these lipids to basal levels. Activation of the ubiquitous p110α isoform precedes that of p110β at several points during the cell cycle. We studied the potential connections between p110α and p110β activation, and we show that cell stimulation promotes p110α and p110β association, demonstrating oligomerization of PI3K catalytic subunits within cells. Cell stimulation also promoted PTEN incorporation into this complex, which was necessary for PTEN activation. Our results show that PI3Ks dimerize in vivo and that PI3K and PTEN activities modulate each other in a complex that controls cell PI(3,4,5)P3 levels.
Molecular characterization of DnaJ 5 homologs in silkworm Bombyx mori and its expression during egg diapause

A comparison of the cDNA sequences (1 056 bp) of Bombyx mori DnaJ 5 homolog with B. mori genome revealed that unlike in other Hsps, it has an intron of 234 bp. The DnaJ 5 homolog contains 351 amino acids, of which 70 contain the conserved DnaJ domain at the N‐terminal end. This homolog of B. mori has all desirable functional domains similar to other insects, and the 13 different DnaJ homologs identified in B. mori genome were distributed on different chromosomes. The expressed sequence tag database analysis of Hsp40 gene expression revealed higher expression in wing disc followed by diapause‐induced eggs. Microarray analysis revealed higher expression of DnaJ 5 homolog at 18th h after oviposition in diapause‐induced eggs. Further validation of DnaJ 5 expression through qPCR in diapause‐induced and nondiapause eggs at different time intervals revealed higher expression in diapause eggs at 18 and 24 h after oviposition, which coincided with the expression of Hsp70 as the Hsp 40 is its co‐chaperone. This study thus provides an outline of the genome organization of Hsp40 gene, and its role in egg diapause induction in B. mori.
High-density conformable tactile sensing glove

To understand the human intelligence involved phys- ical manipulation of objects, detailed assessment of the states of contact between the surface of the hand and the objects is necessary. This paper proposes a tactile sensing glove based on a branch-shaped tactile sensor sheet that enables pressure measurement at 1052 points on a human hand without critically interfering with the movements of joints on the hand. The change in joint moveability by wearing the glove is evaluated in an experiment, and the result shows the effectiveness of proposed glove design. Finally, as a preliminary result, the data measured when manipulating everyday objects are shown. The glove for assessing human hand skills can contribute not only to the dexterity of robots but also to the implementation method of robotic tactile sensors.
Cluster-based communication topology selection and UAV path planning in wireless sensor networks

In conventional wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to conserve energy Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Heirarchy (LEACH) is commonly used. Energy conversation is far more challenging for large scale deployments. This paper deals with selection of sensor network communication topology and the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for data gathering. Particle Swarm Optimzation (PSO) is proposed as an optimization method to find the optimal clusters in order to reduce the energy consumption, bit error rate (BER), and UAV travel time. PSO is compared to LEACH using a simulation case and the results show that PSO outperforms LEACH in terms of energy consumption and BER while the UAV travel time is similar. The numerical results further illustrate that the performance gap between them increases with the number of cluster head nodes. The reduced energy consumption means that the network life time can be significantly extended and the lower BER will increase the amount of data received from the entrie network.
Blood Glucose and Cholesterol Control Improved by Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

This longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the change of total cholestererol, triglycerides, and glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during predialysis (PreD), on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and after kidney graft. A total of 20 consecutive patients (7 women, 13 men, mean age 42 years) with IDDM and ESRD were studied retrospectively in 1991 during PreD and during CAPD. Twelve were also investigated after obtaining a kidney graft. Insulin was administered Intraperitoneally (CAPD period) and subcutaneously (PreD and transplant). The mean values of weight, serum albumin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, and triglycerldes were calculated during each period. Patients were age and sex-matched with a group of healthy controls (Group 1) and with a group of patients with IDDM without nephropathy (Group 2). T-test statistics were used. During CAPD, there were significant decreases in HbA1c (mean 8.1 mmol/L vs 12.1, p=0.003) and cholesterol (mean 6.1 mmol/L vs 7.1, p=0.025) compared to PreD. No differences were found between PreD and CAPD stages with regard to weight, serum albumin, or triglycerides. After transplantation an improvement was found In serum albumin compared to PreD and CAPD (mean value 40 g/L.vsvs 34 and 35, p<0.03), and HbA1c compared to PreD (9.6 mmol/L vs 12.1, p=0.014), if the pancreas transplanted were included. Patients compared to Group 1 or 2 showed no differences in total cholesterol or triglycerldes. HbA1c was higher in patients during PreD than in Group 2. Peritoneal dialysis may not be a poor alternative for glucose and total cholesterol control in diabetic patients with ESRD. Transplantation further Improves serum albumin.
Adaptive Monitoring Relevance in Camera Networks for Critical Surveillance Applications

Camera networks have been considered for a large set of visual monitoring applications. For some of them, cameras may be continuously monitoring scenes or groups of targets, but some events may trigger a critical level of visual monitoring, as in public security, industrial automation, and response to natural disasters. In such way, some critical events as a bomb explosion, a volcanic eruption, forest wildfire, or a car accident must be captured with high relevance, potentially helping when identifying responsibilities and during rescue operations. New relevance levels, which can be reflected in higher quality of transmitted images or video streams or even higher priority during transmission over the network must be quickly assigned to cameras that can view the critical events. In this work we propose a methodology to dynamically assign relevancies to cameras that view the area of critical events, employing scalar sensors and a decentralized decision mechanism. The resulting multimodal camera network can considerably enhance the critical surveillance in different monitoring applications. We propose some optimizations that exploit the monitoring relevance in such scenarios.