Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Damage diagnosis and prognosis in composite double cantilever beam coupons by particle filtering and surrogate modelling

Delamination is a failure mechanism which is intrinsic of laminated fibre-reinforced plastics and possibly one of the major concerns of laminated composite structures, since, under certain conditions, delaminations can grow up to an hazardous extent without visible traces. In order to keep pace with recent condition-based maintenance requirements, proper validated diagnostic and prognostic methods which should be capable of operating on-line and in real time are required. In this respect, particle filters provide a consistent Bayesian framework, where the posterior distribution of the system degradation status is recursively approximated based on a time-growing stream of observations measuring the system response. However, the real-time operation capability of such methods is hindered by their requirements in terms of analysis time, which is mainly due to the complexity of the models they rely upon. Within this work, a particle filter framework, able to deal with the inherent stochasticity of fatigue delamination growth – while simultaneously relieving the computational burden associated with the evaluation of the trajectory likelihoods – is provided, leveraging on surrogate modelling strategies. Simultaneous diagnosis and prognosis of a simulated carbon fibre-reinforced plastics double cantilever beam specimen subject to fatigue delamination growth are performed, based on the observation of the strain field pattern acquired at some specific locations. The posterior probability density function of the delamination extent during propagation is updated at each inspection time as well as the probability density function of the remaining useful life. Ultimately, the adoption of the augmented state formulation allows for the estimation and updating of the joint probability density function of the parameters driving the stochastic delamination propagation model. Results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of the proposed approach as a tool able to monitor the progressing delamination while simultaneously providing estimates about the remaining useful life of composite structures.
A near‐term drought assessment using hydrological and climate forecasting in the Mekong River Basin

A seasonal drought forecasting approach using a high‐resolution meteorological forcing and hydrologic model was developed in the Mekong River Basin (MRB), where ground‐based observations are sparse. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate soil moisture, runoff and evapotranspiration, which were then used to compute three drought indices for historical drought assessment (1953–2016) and seasonal forecasting of drought. In the absence of observed soil moisture data, SWAT was first calibrated with streamflow data to derive reliable soil moisture estimates, and historical drought events were validated with the available reference drought index. Based on the calibrated results, the Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index (MPDSI), Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI) and Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (MSDI) were estimated to evaluate the meteorological, agricultural and multivariate aspects, respectively, of drought. The total drought durations were 105–220 months, according to the reference drought index, and the estimated drought index captured 60–76% of these drought events. The three drought indices perform somewhat differently, but the 1991–1994 and 2015–2016 droughts were the worst drought events in the last 64 years based on analysis of the severity, duration and area of the meteorological and multivariate aspects of drought. The extreme droughts occurred in the Upper and Mid sections of the Lower Mekong sub‐basins and the 3S region when there were consecutive precipitation and temperature anomalies that continued for more than 2 years. Spatial variability in precipitation deficits and temperature increases were random because these variables affect soil moisture differentially. In addition, 68.4–76.1% of the areas with increased drought were explained by the areas' precipitation decrease or temperature increase. Validation of the multiple drought indices at high resolution can inform sub‐regional variability in drought conditions and hence food and water security in this important transboundary basin.
No Disrespect: Student and Faculty Perceptions of the Qualities of Ineffective Teachers

Research examining excellence in teaching is extensive. Nevertheless, research examining the inverse—what constitutes poor or ineffective teaching—has not been as systematic. The current research addresses this gap in the literature by examining student and faculty perceptions of the qualities and behaviors of ineffective teachers. Students and faculty identified being disrespectful as the number one perceived quality of ineffective teachers. Both groups of respondents also agreed that having weak rapport was indicative of ineffective teachers. Overall, students had a tendency to focus more on the social aspects of the student–teacher relationship, whereas faculty focused more on professional competencies. These findings provide additional support on teaching misbehaviors to avoid both in and outside of the classroom.
The Case for Targeted Parenting Interventions with Reference to Intergenerational Transmission of Parenting: Qualitative Evidence from Three Studies of Marginalised Mothers’ and Fathers’ Participation in Parenting Programmes

ABSTRACT The idea that how you were parented is key to how you parent your own children is widely recognisable. It is present in popular cultural references, underpins much policy on families and parenting in the UK, and is supported by a substantive body of academic literature. We explore this concept of intergenerational transmission of parenting, understanding it as the context in which parenting interventions have been implemented. We draw on interview data from three Scottish samples of marginalised parents (n = 54) to explore how participants think their own parenting behaviours have been shaped by their experience of being parented and how they talk about participation in a parenting intervention in relation to this. We find that how these parents have been parented is salient in considering their own parenting behaviour, and is a key context for their engagement with the intervention. We make the case for parenting interventions targeted at marginalised parents, arguing that they are acceptable to, and useful for, these parents and may, potentially, be effective in breaking cycles of negative parenting. Policy-makers should not shy away from implementing targeted parenting programmes as part of endeavours to address negative parenting.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project legitimisation: The rhetor’s innovation and the US response

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has attracted support and critique for its legitimacy and potential success. Its opponents see challenges more than prospects because of American inattention and resistance, and its proponents see prospects more than challenges because of the attention from the rest of the world. While both sides use valid reasons for their explicit or implicit views, they focus on the legitimacy by its taken-for-granted status. The BRI project as innovation is at the legitimisation process stage. To address the legitimisation of the BRI project innovation, we use rhetorical theory to analyse the Chinese official report in 2019, the American versus European media response to the BRI project and the US direct response to the BRI in the Indo-Pacific Strategy in 2019. Our exploratory findings show insights into the subjects, industries and regions. Firstly, the American media attention far exceeds the European media attention. Secondly, the American media attention and direct response to the BRI highlight the political issues, and the European media attention highlights economic issues. The Chinese official report mentions European countries, and excludes the USA. Thirdly, it uses Pakistan more frequently than other countries or regions in its achievement report, but the US has not mentioned Pakistan at all in its Indo-Pacific Strategy. Fourthly, the US political logic diverges from the logic of the BRI project, while the European economic logic converges to the logic of the BRI project. Based on these findings, we contribute to the legitimisation process of innovation, rhetorical theory and policy implications in the world.
Work-life balance, job satisfaction and retention: Turnover intentions of professionals in part-time study

Background: Undertaking degree studies while working can provide life-changing career opportunities. These studies, however, can introduce substantial work-life balance conflict, particularly for those with family responsibilities, with important implications for retention. Aim: The aim of this study is to test theory that predicts the effects of certain moderating and mediated influences on the relationship between work-life balance conflict and turnover intentions of professional staff undertaking evening degree classes at a selected South African university. Setting: The sample was drawn from a large university in Gauteng, South Africa. Methods: This study applies Hayes's PROCESS methodology to test the moderating effects of age, gender, numbers of dependent children, social support, engagement and levels of stress on the relationship between work-life conflict and turnover intentions. Further tests of mediation are performed to test the mediating influence of job satisfaction on the same relationship. Results: Findings suggest a unique configuration of moderating and mediation influences relating to the work-life balance conflict for this cohort, particularly for those with dependent children. Those with more children who experience higher levels of work-life balance conflict are less likely to display higher turnover intentions. Individuals with higher levels of social support are however more likely to report higher levels of turnover intentions. Conclusion: These results support the conclusion that the relationships between work-life conflict and turnover intentions for working individuals undertaking evening degree classes in this context, display a different configuration of moderating influences from those expected in general working populations. Employers and other stakeholders should pay particular attention to these implications so as to ensure retention of scarce skills.
A Configurable Semantic-Based Transformation Method towards Conceptual Models

Conceptual models are built to depict and analyze complex systems. They are made of concepts and relationships among these concepts. In a particular domain, conceptual models are helpful for different stakeholders to reach a clear and unified view of domain problems. However, the process of building conceptual models is time-consuming, tedious, and expertise required. To improve the efficiency of the building process, this paper proposes a configurable semantic-based (semi-) automatic conceptual model transformation methodology (SbACMT) that tries to reuse existing conceptual models to generate new models. SbACMT contains three parts: (i) a configurable semantic relatedness computing method building on the structured linguistic knowledge base “ConceptNet” (SRCM-CNet), (ii) a specific meta-model, which follows the Ecore standard, defines the rules of applying SRCM-CNet to different conceptual models to automatically detect transformation mappings, and (iii) a multistep matching and transformation process that employs SRCM-CNet. A case study is carried out to detail the working mechanism of SbACMT. Furthermore, through a systematically analysis of this case study, we validate the performance of SbACMT. We prove that SbACMT can support the automatic transformation process of conceptual models (e.g., class diagrams). The scalability of SbACMT can be improved by adapting the meta-model and predefined syntax transformation rules.
Vaghia blascoi, n. sp. (Galumnidae, Acarina), new Oribatid mite of India

Vaghia blascoi n. sp. (Galumnidae) , Oribatid mite from Palni mountain in South India is described. It is caracterized by absence of additional porosity in the male notogaster and an unpaired area porosa A3. This species is set wide apart the 3 other species of the genus, all european, living chiefly in pyrenean zone.
The importance of dispersal and species establishment in vegetation dynamics and resilience

14 15 Plant regeneration comprises establishment from seed and other propagules dispersed within and 16 between communities, and from the local propagule bank. Regeneration plays a critical role in 17 vegetation dynamics by underpinning local and landscape-scale processes linked to biodiversity 18 patterns and community resilience to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. The aim of this Spe- 19 cial Feature is to discuss the role of regeneration processes related to dispersal and establishment for 20 understanding vegetation dynamics and resilience in disturbance-driven landscapes. The ability of a 21 community to recover from a disturbance based on internal (propagule banks) and external sources 22 (dispersal in space) is key in driving the non-equilibrium dynamics that are now accepted as a cen- 23 tral concept for vegetation science. The most important internal source of plant community recruit- 24 ment is the local persistent vegetative and generative propagule bank, in most cases located in the 25 soil. The main external source of recovery is spatial plant dispersal via metacommunity dynamics. 26 When studying environmental filtering and species assembly processes, plant dispersal is often 27 oversimplified as a general propagule rain, but we need stronger conceptual and empirical links be- 28 tween dispersal and vegetation dynamics. Moreover, the regeneration of plant communities strongly 29 depends on post-dispersal processes affecting propagules and seedlings. Here, we present evidence 30 on the contribution of different regeneration processes to vegetation dynamics, demonstrating how 31 vegetation science can be enhanced by more explicit consideration of dispersal, propagule banks 32 and establishment, and the drivers of variation in these processes.
Chapter 10:The Crab Ucides cordatus (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Brachyura) and Other Related Taxa as Environmental Sentinels for Assessment and Monitoring of Tropical Mangroves from South America

Macroinvertebrates as biomarkers are discussed, with emphasis on decapod crustaceans of infraorder Brachyura (crabs), and the efficiency of these organisms to reflect the conservation status of natural environments, with emphasis on estuaries and mangrove habitats. The significant increase of the human population and the intensification of anthropic activities have damaged and impacted many ecosystems in our planet, generating a diversity of xenobiotics. Some species of macroinvertebrates have been used as bioindicators, reflecting the presence of xenobiotics and their harmful effects in the environment. As an example, the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus has been recently used to monitor the conservation status of mangrove ecosystems. Owing to a wide interaction of this crab with different environmental matrices, the use of biomarker protocols, through hemolymph samples, allows evaluation of the effect of stressors promoted by a set of pollutants. Physiological damage has been revealed by Neutral Red Retention Time (NRRT) and also by micro or macro DNA damage, using the Comet (CO) and micronucleus assays (MN‰), respectively. These biomarkers are discussed, assessing their applicability and efficiency for a range of crabs.
Price integration for domestic and imported sawlogs and pulpwood in Finland: an update

ABSTRACT This paper provides an analysis on the integration of prices for imported coniferous pulpwood and sawlogs, and respective domestic stumpage prices in the Finnish wood market. Eight real price series were investigated during 2002–2014 using monthly observations. The bounds testing approach by Pesaran et al. [(2001) Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. J Appl Econom. 16: 289–326. doi:10.1002/jae.616], indicates there are long-run relationships between prices of domestic and imported wood. For more detailed information, the vector error correction model (VECM) approach was used. Estimation of a system with all eight prices with interpretable results did not succeed; therefore, we estimated models for prices of sawlogs and for pulpwood separately. For sawlogs, two co-integrating vectors, one for pine and one for spruce, were found. For pulpwood prices, one co-integrating vector was identified. The estimated VECMs confirm the results of bounds testing approach, suggesting that causation in the Finnish wood market runs from domestic prices to prices of imported wood. We conclude that prices of domestic and imported coniferous logs and pulpwood are closely connected. The question of full integration remains open, as border prices and stumpage prices by definition differ, at least, by logging and transportation costs.
Preparing Mental Health Professionals to Work With Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Literature

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects millions of individuals across all demographics and ethnicities. Research has revealed a direct link between experiencing IPV and having adverse physical, mental, and financial outcomes which can create difficulties for survivors. Survivors experiencing these adverse outcomes are likely to seek out support to address these issues, increasing the likelihood that they will encounter mental health professionals (MHPs). MHPs can play a significant role in assessing and addressing IPV since they are often critical access points for those experiencing violence and are likely to counsel victims. Accurate identification of current or past IPV victimization is crucial to avoiding the potential of misdiagnosis of survivors. In addition, by applying and emphasizing an understanding of the connection between individual and structural explorations of gender, race, class, and other socially constructed identities, mental health professionals can utilize the skills necessary to challenge inequalities, which in turn can encourage survivors to create strategies that make sense to themselves and their communities. This study explores what is known about how MHPs are prepared to work with IPV. Peer-reviewed journals that were published between 2005 and 2019 were reviewed systematically to develop a better understanding of the existing literature. We sought to answer the question, “What is known about how MHPs are prepared to work with IPV? ” This review identified 20 articles regarding training experiences of MHPs and how these experiences shaped their responses to and practice with those experiencing IPV.
Assessing Genetic Diversity of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Genotypes Grown in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand by Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Technique

The cultivated potato have narrow genetic base due to limited introduction of germplasm from their natural range in South America (Rauf et al., 2010). Most of the potato cultivars are autotetraploid (2n=4x=48), highly heterozygous and out breeding species, which suffer from inbreeding depression. Heterosis in potato perpetuates because of its vegetative propagated nature. Therefore, selection of suitable parents for hybridization is crucial and evaluation of germplasm is essential to the development of new potato cultivars. The advantage of detecting polymorphism simply and quickly, but it lacks reproducibility (Chakrabarti et al., 2001), while SSR markers provide high reproducibility and genetic informativeness (Braun and Wenzel, 2005). In the present investigation, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the genetic diversity in 50 potato International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 4219-4230 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Comparisons of Hybrid En3DVar with 3DVar and EnKF for Radar Data Assimilation: Tests with the 10 May 2010 Oklahoma Tornado Outbreak

In this study, a hybrid En3DVar data assimilation (DA) scheme is compared with 3DVar, EnKF, and pure En3DVar for the assimilation of radar data in a real tornadic storm case. Results using hydrometeor mixing ratios (CVq) or logarithmic mixing ratios (CVlogq) as the control variables are compared in the variational DA framework. To address the lack of radial velocity impact issues when using CVq, a procedure that assimilates reflectivity and radial velocity data in two separate analysis passes is adopted. Comparisons are made in terms of the root-mean-square innovations (RMSIs) as well as the intensity and structure of the analyzed and forecast storms. For pure En3DVar that uses 100% ensemble covariance, CVlogq and CVq have similar RMSIs in the velocity analyses, but errors grow faster during forecasts when using CVlogq. Introducing static background error covariance at 5% in hybrid En3DVar (with CVlogq) significantly reduces the forecast error growth. Pure En3DVar produces more intense reflectivity analyses than EnKF that more closely match the observations. Hybrid En3DVar with 50% outperforms other weights in terms of the RMSIs and forecasts of updraft helicity and is thus used in the final comparison with 3DVar and EnKF. The hybrid En3DVar is found to outperform EnKF in better capturing the intensity and structure of the analyzed and forecast storms and outperform 3DVAR in better capturing the intensity and evolution of the rotating updraft.
Survey of mycotoxins in Southern Brazilian wheat and evaluation of immunoassay methods

One hundred commercial wheat grain samples were collected during the 2015 sea-son across 78 municipalities in the states of Parana (PR), Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil. Separate subsamples were analyzed for the concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenona (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) mycotoxins using two methods: UHPLC-MS/MS (reference method) and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (AgraQuant®). The OTA mycotoxin was not found in the samples by both methods. DON and ZEA were detected in 55 % and 39 % of the samples by the reference method, with overall mean levels of 795.2 μg kg−1 and 79.78 μg kg−1, respectively. There was a significant and positive correlation (Spearman rank) between DON and ZEA estimates by the reference method (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). The DON levels estimated by the immunoassay agreed poorly with the reference, being largely overestimated. Based on a cut-off level of 1000 μg kg−1, the immunoassay correctly classified 57 samples as true negatives and 15 as true positives. Only 28 were classified as false positives. For ZEA, the levels estimated by the two methods were in better agreement than for DON. Using the cut-off level of 200 μg kg−1, 96 % of the samples were classified correctly as true positives and only one sample was classified as false positive. The levels for both mycotoxins were mostly acceptable for human consumption. Further studies should focus on multi-toxin methods compared with immunoassays to understand the reasons of overestimation and the role of immunoassays as a cost-effective solution for fast screening of mycotoxins in the food chain.