Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Drying Temperature on the Chemical Qualities of Breadfruit

Drying is described as the reduction of material moisture to the required dryness values as a definite process and it is of major interest in food processing. This study aimed at studying the influence of drying temperature on the functional and pasting properties of breadfruit flour using cabinet dryer with a view of establishing potential industrial utilization of breadfruit flour as food and food ingredients. Freshly harvested breadfruits (matured) ( Artocarpus atilis ) were obtained from International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. They were washed in clean water to remove adhering latex and dirt and were peeled, rewashed, drained and sliced manually to 3mm thickness for uniformity in drying, and then dried with a cabinet dryer at 50, 60 and 70°C respectively until constant weights were achieved, after which they were milled into flour. The flour samples were screened through a 0.20mm British standard sieve. Pasting and functional properties were determined using standard methods. The variations in the functional and pasting properties were significant at p<0.05 for temperature of 50, 60 and 70°C respectively. The functional properties of the breadfruit flour ranged from 279.17% - 374.73% for oil absorption capacity, 0.34% - 0.46% for bulk density, 93.63% - 94.70% for dispersibility, 200%–800% for foaming capacity, 2% for gelation, 390.32% - 467.04% for water absorption capacity, 137.07% - 230.67% for swelling capacity at 55°C, 217.29% -333.32% for swelling capacity at 65°C, 142.73% - 323.60% for swelling capacity at 75°C, and 4.58% - 6.27% for solubility at 55°C, 3.24% - 6.40% for solubility at 65°C, 1.97% - 6.66% for solubility at 75°C. The pasting properties for the breadfruit flour ranged from 2309.00RVU - 3142.50RVU, 2145.5RVU-2955.5RVU, 159.5VU - 187.5RVU, 4879.00RVU - 7192.50RVU, 2729.50RVU -4237.00RVU, 6.10 - 6.27 and 50.40°C–53.98°C for peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time and pasting temperature. Respectively. There was an increase in functional and pasting properties as the temperature increases. This result showed that the breadfruit flour can be used as food ingredients.
A LiFePO4/Li2Sn hybrid system with enhanced Li-ion storage performance

A LiFePO4 (LFP)/lithium polysulfide (Li2Sn) hybrid system was designed using a LFP cathode and a Li2Sn-added electrolyte to improve the Li-ion storage performance. In the LFP cathode, a commercial LFP product was introduced as the active material. And the Li2Sn-added electrolyte was prepared through a facile liquid-phase process. Benefiting from the synergistic effect for energy-storage between the LFP component and the Li2Sn component, the designed LFP/Li2Sn hybrid system exhibited a large specific capacity (439 mA h g−1 at 0.2C), good rate performance (323 mA h g−1 at 2C) and stable cycling property (82% capacity retention over 200 cycles). It is believed that the designed LFP/Li2Sn hybrid system and the proposed hybrid energy-storage concept could advance the development of electrochemical energy storage.
Position-specific countermovement jump characteristics of elite Women’s Rugby World Cup 2017 athletes

Rugby union (RU) is an intermittent team sport, with diverse playing positions, played internationally by both men and women. Considerable scientific attention has been devoted to men’s RU, however despite the growth in the women’s professional game, there is a significant lack of available physiological and normative data. The purpose of the present study was to investigate positional variation in countermovement jump characteristics from elite women’s RU players. Qualitative data were collected from women’s Rugby World Cup (2017) competitors (n = 86; age: 27 ± 5 years; body mass: 77.8 ± 10.6 kg; height: 1.69 ± 0.07 cm) and jump data (countermovement jumps) were collected using a 1200 Hz force platform (n = 63). Athletes were divided into positional unit (backs: n = 39 and forwards: n = 47) and by positional subgroups. Backs had greater jump height (ES = 0.72, 95%CL ± 0.50), relative power output (ES = 0.84, 95%CL ± 0.50), relative force production (ES = 0.62, 95%CL ± 0.51) and reactive strength index (RSI; ES = 0.62, 95%CL ± 0.50), compared to forwards (for all, P < 0.02). Backrows, halves and back-three players had greater relative force, relative power and jump height, compared to the front and second rows (P < 0.03; ES > 0.70). These data could aid in programming for long-term player development in women’s RU and could have implications for “readiness” to compete at international level.
Major Advances and Challenges in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Environmental Applications: A Review

Abstract Heterogeneous catalysis is one of the fastest developing branches of chemistry. Moreover, it is strongly connected to popular environment-related applications. Owing to the very fast changes in this field, for example, numerous discoveries in nanoscience and nanotechnologies, it is believed that an update of the literature on heterogeneous catalysis could be beneficial. This review not only covers the new developments of heterogeneous catalysis in environmental sciences but also touches its historical aspects. A short introduction to the mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis with a small section on advances in this field has also been elaborated. In the first part, recent innovations in the field of catalytic air, water, wastewater and soil treatment are presented, whereas in the second part, innovations in the use of heterogeneous catalysis for obtaining sustainable energy and chemicals are discussed. Catalytic processes are ubiquitous in all branches of chemistry and there are still many unsolved issues concerning them.
Comparison of the in vitro efficacy of commercial bacteriophage cocktails and isolated bacteriophage vB_Pa01 against carbapenem resistant nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa

: The result of a crucial rise in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of bacteria, and the development of an inadequate number of new antibiotics, over the last decade a marked increase in interest in the studies of phages has been observed. It was aimed to determine the commercial preparation including Pyo-bacteriophage and Intesti-bacteriophage and compare their efficiency with isolated bacteriophage vB_Pa01 against carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Susceptibility to the bacteriophages present in each cocktail was tested using the spot test. A total of 126 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were included in this test. Bacteriophage susceptibilities of each isolate were tested by spot test method. Confluent, semi confluent, opaque lysis was considered a sensitivity. The absence of any lysis is reported as resistance. The lytic activity of the bacteriophage was found 46% (58/126) Pyo-bacteriophage and 36.5% (46/126) Intesti-bacteriophage and 63.5% (80/126) vB_Pa01 bacteriophage. The most effective bacteriophage preparation was the vB_Pa01 bacteriophage (63.5%) and the least effective one was Intesti-bacteriophage (36.5%). 95 (75.4%) of 126 carbapenem resistant. This is the first study that investigated two commercial bacteriophage cocktails against carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa . The higher efficacy of vB_Pa01 bacteriophage is promising for creating an alternative preparation especially in the treatment of infections caused by MDR pathogens that are difficult to treat.
Analytical Calculation for Magnetic Field in Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Machines Based on a Rotor Magnetic Potential Model

In this article, the rotor magnetic potential (RMP) model of spoke-type machines is proposed, which can accurately describe rotor surface magnetic potential distribution. No-load and load magnetic fields are calculated by using the proposed RMP model. In order to accurately establish and solve the RMP model, the magnetic field in the machine is divided into the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis magnetic field and the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis magnetic field. Then, corresponding <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis RMP models are proposed, which can consider the saturation of the bridge region and the <italic>dq</italic>-axis cross-coupling. The unknown parameters in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis RMP models are then obtained using simple lumped magnetic circuit (LMC) models. Furthermore, the total RMP model can be obtained by superimposing the above <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis RMP models. The modeling process proposed in this article is intuitive and straightforward, and it has fewer variables to be solved. Moreover, the proposed method does not need to consider the change of the relative position between the stator and rotor caused by rotor rotation. Finally, the FEA is used to validate the validity of the proposed method.
SUMOylome Modulates Intraflagellar Transport Machinery and Eukaryotic Cilia Motility

Translocation of channelrhodopsins (ChRs) is mediated by intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery. However, the functional role of the network containing photoreceptors, IFT and other proteins in controlling cilia motility of the alga is still not fully delineated. In the current study, we identified two important motifs at the C-terminus of ChR1. One of them is similar to a known ciliary targeting sequence that specifically interacts with a small GTPase, and the other is a SUMOylation site. For the first time, experimental data provide an insight into the role of SUMOylation in the modulation of IFT & ChR1. Blocking of SUMOylation affected the phototaxis of C. reinhardtii cells. This implies SUMOylation based regulation of protein network controlling photomotility. The conservation of SUMOylation site pattern as analyzed for the relevant photoreceptors, IFT and its associated signaling proteins in other ciliated green algae suggested SUMOylation based photobehavioural response across the microbes. This report establishes a link between evolutionary conserved SUMOylation and ciliary machinery for the maintenance and functioning of cilia across the eukaryotes. Our enriched SUMOylome of C. reinhardtii comprehends the proteins related to ciliary development and, photo-signaling, along with homologue(s) associated to human ciliopathies as SUMO targets.
Broadening Participation in Agricultural Sciences through a STEM Intervention Program

The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of underrepresented minority students (URM) from several historically Black land-grant universities and minority-serving institutions (MSIs) who attended a STEM intervention program at a predominately White research-intensive university. Guided by expectancy-value motivation and self-efficacy, participants were asked various questions regarding changes in their perspectives of psychosocial and instrumental support and changes in their self-efficacy after participating in the STEM intervention program. Data were collected from participants (n = 80) who attended several historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Findings provide essential insight into motivational, mentoring, and social cognitive experiences that can bolster the recruitment and retention of URM students into predominantly White institutions (PWI) STEM graduate programs. (Pre: 77%; Post: 88.8%) and “I with other students of my ethnicity” (Pre: 77.7, Post: 88.8%). A decrease in participants responses was reported for psychosocial support item “I felt that faculty were interested in me as a student” (Pre: 96.3%, Post: 85%). Findings indicated an increase in participants’ responses from pre-assessment to post-assessment related to one instrumental support item, “I learned about student support organizations” (Pre: 82.5%, Post: 92.5%). Findings indicated an increase in participants’ responses from pre-assessment to post-assessment related to self-efficacy items, “I can get accepted to graduate school at a research-intensive university” (Pre: 81.3%, Post: 95.1%), I can get an assistantship or fellowship for graduate school” (Pre: 78.8%, Post: 95.0%), “I can find a supportive advisor” (Pre: 80.0%, Post: 96.3%), and “ I can develop a competitive graduate school application” (Pre: 77.6%, Post: 96.3%). Tables 2, and show the frequency and percentage of participants’ responses for each item comprising each of the three scales.
Corporate Governance’s Role in the Risk-Return Paradox - New Evidence from Indian Firms

Prior empirical research emphasises ‘troubled’ firm context and ‘quality management’ perspective as reasons for a ‘paradoxical’ or negative risk-return association for firms. But, to the best of our knowledge, no studies examine the role of individual corporate governance mechanisms in influencing such a ‘paradox’. Therefore, the study investigates this issue by classifying 675 sample Indian firms over the period 2000-2017 into high performing and low performing firms in line with the strategic reference point theory and the behavioural theory. To fulfil study objectives, it uses four different firm-return measures and estimate firm-level risk with standard deviations of each return measures previous 5 years’ values on a rolling basis. In the univariate model, the study uses the notion of target (reference) return level under firm’s own and social aspiration levels in time-variant and market cycles contexts, and then compute Kendall’s correlations in between distance from such targets and their standard deviations. The study also carries out a multivariate regression model with necessary controls to further validate its univariate findings. The study results report significant influential role that board size and women directors’ presence play in both high and low performing firms’ ‘paradoxical’ risk-return association. On the contrary, board meetings, busy board and board tenure develops a risk-return ‘paradox’ for high performing firms only. These results hold true across my return measures, strategic reference points, market cycles and corporate governance regimes after controlling for firm- and industry-level heterogeneities under both univariate and multivariate analyses.
Analysis of the Protein Profile of Cassava Plantlets (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Resistance to Fusarium Wilt Disease

Fusarium wilt disease is still a production constraint in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) cultivation. The disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), which to date has not been cured. It is expected that the use of varieties of cassava that are resistant to Fusarium wilt is an important alternative for disease control. Induced Resistance cassava research on Murashige and Skoog medium containing fusaric acid (FA) selective concentration has been done before, and there were indications FA concentration tolerant to the selection of resistant plantlets in vitro. It is hoped that cassava plantlets that are resistant to FA will also be resistant to Fo. In previous studies, the inoculation of Fo fungal isolates on resistant cassava plantlets was carried out in vitro, followed by DNA pattern analysis compared to controls. The results of the DNA pattern analysis, in the form of a new (specific) DNA band that has a size of 550 bp (OPA_1) and 300 bp (OPA_10), are predicted to be candidates for RAPD markers for cassava resistance to Fo. Based on the results of these previous studies, it is necessary to study more deeply in this study to ascertain whether the new DNA strand is really a peroxidase protein that causes cassava plantlets to be resistant to Fo by protein profile analysis. The results of protein profile analysis showed that the appearance of new protein bands (around 98 kD) indicated the formation of PR-protein (peroxidase) in cassava plantlets that were resistant to Fo and missing protein bands (around 65 kD) in cassava plantlets.
Adaptive Approximation-Based Feedback Linearization Control for a Nonlinear Smart Thin Plate

This paper proposes feedback linearization control (FBLC) based on function approximation technique (FAT) to regulate the vibrational motion of a smart thin plate considering the effect of axial stretching. The FBLC includes designing a nonlinear control law for the stabilization of the target dynamic system while the closedloop dynamics are linear with ensured stability. The objective of the FAT is to estimate the cubic nonlinear restoring force vector using the linear parameterization of weighting and orthogonal basis function matrices. Orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials are used as strong approximators for adaptive schemes. The proposed control architecture is applied to a thin plate with a large deflection that stimulates the axial loading thus, the plate behaving nonlinearly. The governing partial differential equation for the piezo-plate system is transformed into definite ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the Galerkin approach; hence, multi-input multi-output ODEs are obtained. Simulation experiments are performed to verify the validity of the proposed control structure.
Pilot and Field Studies of Modular Bioretention Tree System with Talipariti tiliaceum and Engineered Soil Filter Media in the Tropics

Stormwater runoff management is challenging in a highly urbanised tropical environment due to the unique space constraints and tropical climate conditions. A modular bioretention tree (MBT) with a small footprint and a reduced on-site installation time was explored for application in a tropical environment. Tree species used in the pilot studies were Talipariti tiliaceum (TT1) and Sterculia macrophylla (TT2). Both of the MBTs could effectively remove total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead with removal efficiencies of greater than 90%. Total nitrogen (TN) removal was noted to be significantly higher in the wet period compared to the dry period (p < 0.05). Variation in TN removal between TT1 and TT2 were attributed to the nitrogen uptake and the root formation of the trees species. A field study MBT using Talipariti tiliaceum had a very clean effluent quality, with average TSS, TP, and TN effluent EMC of 4.8 mg/L, 0.04 mg/L, and 0.27 mg/L, respectively. Key environmental factors were also investigated to study their impact on the performance of BMT. It was found that the initial pollutant concentration, the dissolved fraction of influent pollutants, and soil moisture affect the performance of the MBT. Based on the results from this study, the MBT demonstrates good capability in the improvement of stormwater runoff quality.
Incomplete Multiple View Fuzzy Inference System With Missing View Imputation and Cooperative Learning

Advancement of technology has made available data of different modalities that can be integrated effectively through multiple view learning for modeling real-world problems. Although multiple view learning has achieved great success in many applications, it still faces several challenges. One of them is how to reduce the negative impact of the missing views in incomplete multiple view datasets by fully exploiting the information available. Another challenge is how to enhance the interpretability of the multiple view model for scenarios with high transparency requirement. To address these challenges, this article proposes a novel modeling method for incomplete multiple view fuzzy system. Based on fuzzy interpretable rules, the method integrates missing view imputation and hidden view learning as one single process to yield a model of high interpretability, where cooperative learning is used to mine the complementary information between the visible views and the hidden view. The proposed method has four advantages when compared with existing approaches: 1) the method is more interpretable, attributed to the fuzzy interpretable rules that it is based on, 2) missing view imputation is integrated into the modeling to make it more efficient than the existing two-step strategy, 3) the method not only imputes missing views, but also mines the hidden view shared by the multiple visible views, and 4) cooperative learning is used to mine the complementary information, which significantly reduces the negative impact of missing views. Experiments on real datasets demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method.
The usage of authentic video materials for the formation of cross-cultural competence of students in foreign language classes

To learn a foreign language effectively and to be fluent in it, anyone should know the main features of the mindset of foreign language native speakers. The article considers the process of forming the cross-cultural competence of students. It is stressed that authentic video materials that have more potential than printed and oral texts should be used as a basis for the formation of cross-cultural competencies in teaching a foreign language. The objective of the study is to substantiate, develop and theoretically test a scientifically reasoned teaching methodology. To reach the objective, we used a pedagogical experiment, pedagogical observation of the educational process, methods of statistical data processing. We have obtained the following results. The analysis of the idea of cross-cultural competence gave us the possibility to explain it as the ability of individual to come productively into a contact with people from other cultures using the language you are learning; during the process of analyzing various models of cross-cultural competence, its main components are determined. The process of forming students’ cross-cultural competence will be efficient if the created exercises are based on the methodology of using authentic video materials.
Verification and Regularization Method for 3D-Human Body Pose Estimation based on Prior Knowledge

Applications used in human-centered scene analysis often rely on AI processes that provide the 3D data of human bodies. The applications are limited by the accuracy and reliability of the detection. In case of safety applications, an almost perfect detection rate is required. The presented approach gives a confidence measure for the likelihood that detected human bodies are real persons. It measures the consistency of the estimated 3D pose information of body joints with prior knowledge about the physiologically possible spatial sizes and proportions. Therefore, a detailed analysis was done which lead to the development of an error metric that allows the quantitative evaluation of single limbs and in summary of the complete body. For a given dataset an error threshold has been derived that verifies 97% persons correctly and can be used for the identification of false detections, so-called ghosts. Additionally, the 3D-data of single joints could be rated successfully. The results are usable for relabeling and retraining of underlying 2D and 3D pose estimators and provides a quantitative and comparable verification method, which improves significantly a reliable 3D-recognition of real persons and increases hereby the possibilities of high-standard applications of 3D human-centered technologies.