Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
and Projections of Integrated Cooling Systems for Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits

In an effort to increase processor speeds, 3D IC architecture is being aggressively pursued by researchers and chip manufacturers. This architecture allows extremely high level of integration with enhanced electrical performance and expanded functionality, and facilitates realization of VLSI and ULSI technologies. However, utilizing the third dimension to provide additional device layers poses thermal challenges due to the increased heat dissipation and complex electrical interconnects among different layers. The conflicting needs of the cooling system requiring larger flow passage dimensions to limit the pressure drop, and the IC architecture necessitating short interconnect distances to reduce signal latency warrant paradigm shifts in both of their design approach. Additional considerations include the effects due to temperature nonuniformity, localized hot spots, complex fluidic connections, and mechanical design. This paper reviews the advances in 3D IC cooling in the last decade and provides a vision for codesigning 3D IC architecture and integrated cooling systems. For heat fluxes of 50–100 W/cm on each side of a chip in a 3D IC package, the current single-phase cooling technology is projected to provide adequate cooling, albeit with high pressure drops. For future applications with coolant surface heat fluxes from 100 to 500 W/cm, significant changes need to be made in both electrical and cooling technologies through a new level of codesign. Effectively mitigating the high temperatures surrounding local hot spots remains a challenging issue. The codesign approach with circuit, software and thermal designers working together is seen as essential. The through silicon vias (TSVs) in the current designs place a stringent limit on the channel height in the cooling layer. It is projected that integration of wireless network on chip architecture could alleviate these height restrictions since the data bandwidth is independent of the communication lengths. Microchannels that are 200 lm or larger in depth are expected to allow dissipation of large heat fluxes with significantly lower pressure drops. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4027175]
Does organizational citizenship behavior add value to human interaction with e-services?

– The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal associations among service innovation/improvement, organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), and the user-perceived value of e-services. The context of service delivery is particularly based on human interaction in e-service encounters. , – In total, 403 respondents from 53 different service departments were selected in this study. To fit the structure between respondents and departments, this study uses hierarchical linear modelling to examine the research model. , – The results indicate that service innovation/improvement and the OCB of department staff both positively affect the user-perceived value of e-services. However, the OCB of department staff does not have a moderating effect on the association between service innovation/improvement and the user-perceived value of e-services. , – Prior studies suggest that the OCB of service employees strongly reinforces customer perceptions of service quality and satisfaction. However, this causal association was proven in the context of face-to-face human interactions. This study is a pioneer study in examining the associations between OCB and human interaction with e-services.
Zigbee based Collaborative AP Discovery

With the fast development of mobile devices and wireless technology, more and more mobile devices are equipped with multiple network interfaces. Particularly, due to its high throughput and low cost, Wi-Fi is becoming one of the most popular interfaces. However, the high power consumption hinders its daily use in mobile devices to some extent. To tackle this problem, we present a Zigbee based Collaborative AP Discovery scheme (ZCAD) in this paper. ZCAD empowers mobile devices to share the ambient AP (Access Point) information (e.g., SSID, signal strength) via Zigbee interfaces, which enables mobile devices to directly associate with the available APs without first scanning them. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that ZCAD can significantly decrease the number of scanning for AP discovery and therefore effectively reduce the power consumption of Wi-Fi communications.
Molecular Imaging in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Current Perspective and Future Potential

The development of novel imaging agents and techniques is allowing some biological events to be imaged in vivo with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the cellular and subcellular level. In this paper, the use of novel gadolinium chelates and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for molecular MRI of the cardiovascular system is extensively reviewed. The physical properties of these imaging agents and the pulse sequences best suited to their visualization are extensively discussed. The application of molecular MRI in diseases of the vasculature and myocardium is then reviewed. The clinical experience to date, as well as the promise and potential impact of molecular MRI, is extensively discussed.
Dualfunction Dielectric Resonator as Antenna and Phase-Delay-Line Load: Designs of Compact Circularly Polarized/Differential Antennas

Dualfunction cylindrical dielectric resonator (DR) used as the load of a broadband phase delay line (PDL) and as a DR antenna (DRA) is presented for the first time. In the broadband PDL design, the cylindrical DR is used as the load to improve impedance match and phase shift. At the same time, the delay line is used to feed the same DR for the antenna part. By designing 90° and 180° PDLs, circularly polarized (CP) and differential DRAs can be obtained, respectively. As compared with those using a hybrid coupler, the new CP and differential DRAs can be made much more compact. Also, the external $50~\Omega $ load required by the hybrid coupler can now be avoided. For demonstration, two CP and differential cylindrical DRAs for 2.4 GHz WLAN applications are designed, fabricated, and tested. Good agreement between the measured and simulated results is observed. The CP design has an overlapping axial ratio and impedance passband of 24.2%. For the differential design, a broadside radiation mode with very low cross-polarization level is obtained.
A Framework for Executing Cross-Model Transformations Based on Pluggable Metamodels

The design of complex software systems requires developers to use a variety of modeling languages in order to model various system aspects. The heterogeneity of these modeling languages gives rise to new challenges. Design decisions must be communicated across heterogeneous models, thus creating a need for cross-model communication. Furthermore, models must be transformable between different modeling languages, thus creating a need for cross-model transformations. By supporting only a single modeling language and by providing limited interoperability, however, the majority of today’s modeling tools cannot provide cross-model communication nor transformation, as such jeopardizing the consistency of the design as a whole. In this paper, we present the design of a transformation framework, Pluto, which supports cross-model transformations based on pluggable metamodels. We discuss how Pluto eases the realization of concrete metamodels by offering abstract modeling constructs, and we show how it is able to execute transformations between concrete instances of such metamodels.
Ethyl 1-butyl-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4-thioxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylateStructural studies of 4-thioxopyrimidines. Part 3.

The title compound, C18H22N2O2S, is of inter­est with respect to anti­bacterial and anti­cancer activity and it has shown good trypanocidal activity. The mol­ecular packing lacks classical hydrogen bonds, being mediated only by weak van der Waals forces.
FlgM is a primary regulator of sigmaD activity, and its absence restores motility to a sinR mutant

We have used mini-Tn1O mutagenesis to identify negative regulators of sigmaD activity. Nine independent insertions were mapped to five genes: flgM, flgK, fliD, fliS, and fliT, suggesting that FlgM export is regulated similarly in Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhimurium. We show that a deletion of flgM can restore sigmaD activity to a sinR null mutant of B. subtilis, although fla/che operon expression is affected by neither SinR nor FlgM.
Evaluation of lipid and glucose metabolism and cortisol and thyroid hormone levels in obese appropriate for gestational age (AGA) born and non-obese small for gestational age (SGA) born prepubertal Slovak children

Abstract Aim: Obesity is the major determinant of metabolic syndrome. Being born small for gestational age (SGA) may be co-responsible. We aimed at evaluating the association between 1. obesity and 2. being born SGA and the presence of endocrine-metabolic abnormalities in prepubertal Slovak children. Methods: The study included 98 children, aged 3–10.9 years: 36 AGA-born obese children (OB), 31 SGA-born children (SGA) and 31 appropriate for gestational age born non-obese children (AGA). Fasting serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, fT4, TSH, cortisol and insulin were determined. HOMA-IR was calculated. Personal data about birth weight and length and family history were collected. Actual anthropometric measurement was done. Results: In every group, high prevalence of positive family history of metabolic disorder was found. In comparison with AGA children, OB children were taller (p<0.01) with higher body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), and had increased insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p<0.001), decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p<0.001), and a trend to higher cortisol levels (p=0.069) was noted. SGA-born children were shorter (p<0.001), with BMI comparable to the AGA group. They had higher glucose levels (p<0.001), a trend to decreased HDL levels (p=0.085) and increased fT4 levels (p<0.001). A three-fold higher occurrence of metabolic abnormalities was present in obese children and twice more metabolic abnormalities were present in SGA-born children in comparison with AGA-born children. Conclusions: SGA-born children are more prone to developing endocrine-metabolic abnormalities than non-obese children born AGA, but they are at less risk than obese AGA-born children. We should provide specialized care for obese children already in prepubertal age and pay attention to SGA-born children.
Refined shift-and-invert Arnoldi technique and its application in FDFD method

In this paper, a refined shift-and-invert Arnoldi technique is used to speed the convergence rate of a large scale nonsymmetrical generalized eigenvalue problem by using refined Ritz vectors to approximate the desired eigenvectors. The finite difference frequency domain (FDFD) method combined with refined shift-and-invert Arnoldi can be used to analyze the properties of arbitrary complex close/open periodic guided-wave structures because an open periodic guided-wave structure probably results in a large scale nonsymmetrical generalized eigenvalue problem. Moreover, the accuracy of the method can be improved and the boundary conditions of FDTD method can be implemented easily even if in the case that the attenuation constant increases a lot in the working frequency range, for example, the case of leaky-wave antennas.
Women's experiences of care and their concerns and needs following a significant primary postpartum hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND In the context of rising rates of postpartum hemorrhage and little data about its effect on women, this study aimed to describe the experiences of care, and the concerns and needs of women after a significant postpartum hemorrhage. METHODS A cohort of 206 women with a primary postpartum hemorrhage of 1,500 mL or more and/or a peripartum fall in hemoglobin concentration to 7 g/dL or less and/or of 4 g/dL or more was recruited from 17 major hospitals in Australasia. Women rated their satisfaction with care and provided written responses to questions in postpartum questionnaires completed in the first week and at 2 and 4 months postpartum. RESULTS In relation to care in hospital, consistently over 20 percent women responded that their needs for information, acknowledgment, and reassurance were only met sometimes, rarely, or never. Sixty-two percent reported that they were given adequate information about their likely physical recovery, and 48 percent about their likely emotional recovery. Four major themes were identified in response to the open-ended questions: adequacy of care, emotional responses to the experience, implications for the future, and concerns for their baby. CONCLUSIONS This study is an important step in identifying the negative impact of experiencing a significant postpartum hemorrhage during childbirth for women who survive. Our results suggest that health professionals should pay greater attention to these women's informational and emotional needs.
Time-domain (transient) analysis of capacitive Jaumann absorbers

Capacitive Jaumann Absorbers (C.J.A.) are widely used as electromagnetic wave absorbers in several applications, because in addition to bandwidth expanding, they reduce the spacing between sheets for specified bandwidth. Time-domain analysis of N-sheet C.J.A. and an optimum design for N (arbitrary)-sheet capacitive Jaumann electromagnetic (EM) absorber, using genetic algorithm will be presented. This algorithm is a random optimization method based on the genetic relation in the human being. We show that by using this algorithm and without imposing the double-notch design criteria the bandwidth of one or two-sheet C.J.A. can be expanded even more than 108% shown by Knott (1995). We also show that our results approaches Knott's results when we restrict the characteristic impedances and lengths of the lines to vary within a very short range. One, two and three-sheet C.J.A. are designed. The only restriction used is about the meaningful range for the design variables. The goal of this algorithm is to impose arbitrary restriction on the range of the variation of the variables. Finally, we obtain a 20-dB attenuation bandwidth more than 145% for one-sheet, 173% for two-sheet (compare with 108% obtained by Knott) and 193% for three-sheet capacitive Jaumann EM absorbers, with some acceptable short range for the variables. We design the one-sheet and two-sheet capacitive Jaumann absorbers at low frequency and the three-sheet at high frequency. The 20-db attenuation bandwidth obtained for the one-sheet and two-sheet capacitive Jaumann absorbers are respectively, from 10 to 77 MHz and from 4 to 61 MHz. For the three-sheet capacitive Jaumann absorber the 20-db attenuation bandwidth obtained is from 0.8 GHz to 280 GHz.
A Curriculum Framework for Geographical Information Science (GISc) Training at South African Universities.

Geographical information science (GISc) is one of the fastest growing industries worldwide. Being a relatively new discipline, universities often provide training as part of geography, surveying, town planning, environmental and computer science programmes. This complicates professional accreditation assessments as the content, outcomes, extent and quality of training can vary significantly. In this paper one international and two South African GISc curriculum development models are qualitatively compared. Results show that, although there is significant intersection between the three models, some characteristics are unique to specific models. A new framework consisting of 15 components and compatible with international curricula is proposed. It addresses the needs of the South African industry while meeting the requirements of the South African GISc professional registration body. It is furthermore useful for comparing curricula and can support general curriculum design. Keywords curriculum development; geographical information science (GISc); geomatics; geographical information systems (GIS); training; programme accreditation
Zigbee-assisted mobile robot gardener

With an aging population and recent change in traditional industries, automatic agricultural production has become inevitable in intensive agriculture. Agriculture in every country has gradually developed in terms of low-cost technical development and transformed to tourism type of orchard or greenhouse. Thus, the development of autonomous mobile robot gardener to assist farmers has become quite important. In this study, the prototype semi-autonomous mobile robot gardener is proposed to meet the requirement for spraying in the greenhouse. A robot designed with three wheels and driven by front-wheels whose speed difference controls the moving direction of the robot. The sensors including wide-angle laser rangefinder (LRF), single-point LRF, ultrasonic, and Hall-rotary encoders are equipped in the robot. The ARM-based controller serves as the main core processor to proceed with the behavior of mobile robot gardener. The initial tests are conducted in miniature greenhouse. The operation area is divided into multiple regions in the greenhouse. The internal map information, the location of soil moisture sensor modules (including Zigbee sensors), and mobile robot gardener moving path are known a priori. When the particular task within the region requires assistance, the robot moves on to the region and performs spraying task. The robot is equipped with Zigbee transceiver/receiver module to receive spraying task messages from the soil moisture sensor modules. While all task flags are confirmed by the robot, the control and decision-making program are performed under the known location information of the robot. The robot will move towards the selected path (the edge of planting bed) and finally will arrive at designated region. When the spraying work is completed, the robot stays on original operation point and waits for the next task command. The proposed mobile robot gardener can be applied for unmanned management of greenhouse in the future.
Hierarchical scene understanding exploiting automatically derived contextual data

In this paper we present methods for scene understanding, localization and classification of complex, visually heterogeneous objects from overhead imagery. Key features of this work include: determining boundaries of objects within large field-of-view images, classification of increasingly complex object classes through hierarchical descriptions, and exploiting automatically extracted hypotheses about the surrounding region to improve classification of a more localized region. Our system uses a principled probabilistic approach to classify increasingly larger and more complex regions, and then iteratively uses this automatically determined contextual information to reduce false alarms and misclassifications.
Adapting MARSSIM for FUSRAP Site Closure

The Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM) provides a coherent, technically defensible process for establishing that exposed surfaces satisfy site cleanup requirements. Unfortunately, many sites have complications that challenge a direct application of MARSSIM. Example complications include Record of Decision (ROD) requirements that are not MARSSIM-friendly, the potential for subsurface contamination, and incomplete characterization information. These types of complications are typically the rule, rather than the exception, for sites undergoing radiologically-driven remediation and closure. One such site is the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) Linde site in Tonawanda, New York. Cleanup of the site is currently underway. The Linde site presented a number of challenges to designing and implementing a closure strategy consistent with MARSSIM. This paper discusses some of the closure issues confronted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Buffalo District at the Linde site and describes how MARSSIM protocols were adapted to address these issues.
A serum ferritin assay for prevalence studies of iron deficiency

A specialized serum ferritin assay has been developed for the detection of iron deficiency in epidemiologic studies. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to climinate the need for radioisotopes. The problem of low sensitivity inherent with the EIA for serum ferritin was eliminated by the use of monoclonal immunologic reagents. The working range of the assay is 1–100 μg/L with a sensitivity of 0.5 μg/ L. Excellent agreement in serum ferritin levels was observed between the present method and the two‐site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), while the variability at low ferritin concentrations was significantly less with the EIA. Because only 10 μl of serum is required for each assay, duplicate measurements can be performed on a single capillary tube of blood. When an automatic microtiter plate reader for optical density measurements is used, 80‐100 duplicate determinations can be completed by one technologist in a single working day.
PROJECT-BASED E-LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE MODEL AND THE METHOD, THE PRACTICE AND THE PORTAL

This study (a PhD dissertation) is an intervention, developmental and action research where we will try to improve Project-Based Learning (hereafter PBL) in higher education, by decomposing this model to it’s components and features, and propose a method for it’s successful application, which literature shows that is challenging. This method will leverage from C3MS (Community, Content and Collaboration Management Systems) Internet technology, which the author explores in the framework of a European project (SEED 1 ) and develop a portal to practice the proposed method. Here are the three strands of our research. First, it is the study of the state of the art on PBL, in order to gather descriptions, features, pitfalls and best practices. Second, the challenge (both conceptually and technically) to develop a method supported by an online environment (ePBL portal) that will improve, scaffold PBL and make it bloom in all possible directions. This method has as a goal to help teachers implement better PBL (increase effectiveness, avoid pitfalls) in an affordable way. The technological environment will provide support to the method by including the features and components that will have defined. The whole system (method and environment) will evolve according to qualitative feedback gained from several case studies that we will conduct.