Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kallen-Lehmann spectroscopy for (un)physical degrees of freedom

We consider the problem of "measuring" the Kallen-Lehmann spectral density of a particle (be it elementary or bound state) propagator by means of 4D lattice data. As the latter are obtained from operations at (Euclidean momentum squared) p(2) >= 0, we are facing the generically ill-posed problem of converting a limited data set over the positive real axis to an integral representation, extending over the whole complex p2 plane. We employ a linear regularization strategy, commonly known as the Tikhonov method with the Morozov discrepancy principle, with suitable adaptations to realistic data, e. g. with an unknown threshold. An important virtue over the (standard) maximum entropy method is the possibility to also probe unphysical spectral densities, for example, of a confined gluon. We apply our proposal here to "physical" mock spectral data as a litmus test and then to the lattice SU(3) Landau gauge gluon at zero temperature.
Functional Elements in Infants' Speech Processing: The Role of Determiners in the Syntactic Categorization of Lexical Elements

How do children determine the syntactic category of novel words? In this article we present the results of 2 experiments that investigated whether German children between 12 and 16 months of age can use distributional knowledge that determiners precede nouns and subject pronouns precede verbs to syntactically categorize adjacent novel words. Evidence from the head-turn preference paradigm shows that, although 12- to 13-month-olds cannot do this, 14- to 16-month-olds are able to use a determiner to categorize a following novel word as a noun. In contrast, no categorization effect was found for a novel word following a subject pronoun. To understand this difference we analyzed adult child-directed speech. This analysis showed that there are in fact stronger co-occurrence relations between determiners and nouns than between subject pronouns and verbs. Thus, in German determiners may be more reliable cues to the syntactic category of an adjacent novel word than are subject pronouns. We propose that the capacity to syntactically categorize novel words, demonstrated here for the first time in children this young, mediates between the recognition of the specific morphosyntactic frame in which a novel word appears and the word-to-world mapping that is needed to build up a semantic representation for the novel word.
A 50–70 year climatic oscillation over the North Pacific and North America

The chronology of interdecadal climatic regime shifts is examined, using instrumental data over the North Pacific, North America and the tropical oceans, and reconstructed climate records for North America. In the North Pacific and North America, climatic regime shifts around 1890 and in the 1920s with alternating polarities are detected, whose spatial structure is similar to that of the previously‐known climatic shifts observed in the 1940s and 1970s. Sea‐surface temperatures in the tropical Indian Ocean‐maritime continent region exhibit changes corresponding to these four shifts. Spectra obtained by the Multi‐Taper‐Method suggest that these regime shifts are associated with 50–70 year climate variability over the North Pacific and North America.
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series TUR 2014-1262

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between rumination and emotional reactions to infidelity. The sample of the study consisted of 72 participants who reported to being cheated on. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988) was used to measure the reactions to infidelity and the Ruminative Response Scale (Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003) was used to measure rumination. Canonical correlation analyses were utilized to determine the relationships between rumination with the canonical variables of Brooding and Reflection and emotional reactions to infidelity with the canonical variables of Positive Affect and Negative Affect of participants from Turkey. Results indicated that brooding and reflection, and negative and positive affect are interrelated. In other words, rumination is positively related with negative affect and negatively related with positive affect as reactions to infidelity.
ADHD with Co-Occurring Depression/Anxiety in Children: The Relationship with Somatic Complaints and Parental Socio-Economic Position

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and depression/anxiety are often comorbid in children, and consequences of ADHD are more detrimental in lower socioeconomic levels. The aim of this study was to compare co-occurrence of ADHD and depression/anxiety with ADHD alone and depression/anxiety alone when the outcome measure is somatic complaints. Additionally, we examined whether low parental Socio- Economic Position (SEP) were related to occurrence of ADHD alone, depression/anxiety alone, and co-occurrence. The sample consisted of 12,900 parents who participated in a cross-sectional health survey that included Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and impact supplement. Socio-economic factors were dichotomized into low versus average/high parental socio-economic position (SEP), abdominal pain, neck pain and headache were categorized as somatic complaints. Parents described 58 % of the children with ADHD as comorbid with depression/anxiety. Children with ADHD only report somatic complaints when thedisorder is co-occurring with depression/anxiety. The prevalence of ADHD, depression/ anxiety, or a combination of the two disorders in children, is higher when parents have a low socio-economic position. Increased awareness of the heterotypic nature of ADHD is needed, especially when interpreting somatic complaints. There is a pattern of an inverse relationship between mental health and socio-economic position in children when measured by ADHD and depression/anxiety.
Bamboo and High Density Polyethylene Composite with Heat-Treated Bamboo Fiber: Thermal Decomposition Properties

Heat treatment under controlled temperatures can help enhance bamboo's durability and dimensional stability. The treatment may simultaneously affect thermal and mechanical performance of bamboo fibers (BFs). The aim of this work was to study the effect of heat treating temperature on thermal decomposition kinetic properties of heat-treated BFs and resulting polymer composites using dynamic thermo-gravimetric analysis under nitrogen. Degradation models including the Kissinger and the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods were used to determine the apparent activation energy (Ea) of various materials. The results indicated that the thermal decomposition of the heat-treated BFs mainly occurred within a temperature range between 245oC and 354oC. The values of Ea varied from 161 to 177 kJ/mol and increased with increased heat treating temperatures for the fibers. The thermal decomposition of the heat-treated BF and high density polyethylene blends mainly occurred within a temperature range of 307oC and 483oC. The values of Ea were between 225 and 236 kJ/mol and decreased with the increase of fiber heat-treating temperatures. The established thermal decomposition kinetic parameters can help aid the development of polymer composites from heat-treated bamboo materials.
Robust Accelerating Control for Consistent Node Dynamics in a Platoon of CAVs

Driving as a platoon has potential to significantly benefit traffic capacity and safety. To generate more identical dynamics of nodes for a platoon of automated connected vehicles (CAVs), this chapter presents a robust acceleration controller using a multi‐ ple model control structure. The large uncertainties of node dynamics are divided into small ones using multiple uncertain models, and accordingly multiple robust control‐ lers are designed. According to the errors between current node and multiple models, a scheduling logic is proposed, which automatically selects the most appropriate candidate controller into loop. Even under relatively large plant uncertainties, this method can offer consistent and approximately linear dynamics, which simplifies the synthesis of upper level platoon controller. This method is validated by comparative simulations with a sliding model controller and a fixed H ∞ controller.
Total antioxidant capacity in the black mussel ( Mytilus galloprovincialis ) from Black Sea coasts

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the total antioxidant radical scavenging capacity (TARSC) in tissue extracts for understanding biochemical adaptations involving the antioxidant defense system of a bivalve mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, sampled in polluted (Pol) and non-polluted (Npol) sites from Black Sea coasts. Antioxidant-rich polyphenol fractions were extracted from whole dry mussel tissue with methanol and water in different proportions. The extracts were screened for polyphenol content and their potential as antioxidants using various in vitro models, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHc), b-carotenelinoleate (b-carotene) and nitric oxide (NOc). The total polyphenol extract of the whole mussel tissue from polluted site (TPMEPol) showed the highest antioxidant capacity among all of the extracts with the tested methods and was comparable with the antioxidant capacity of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The antioxidant capacities of this extract determined by DPPHc, b-carotene and NOc methods and polyphenol content showed the highest correlation coefficients (R) such as 0.9985, 0.9915 and 0.9895, respectively. The free polyphenol extracts (FPMEPol and FPMENPol) had lower antioxidant capacity than the two others of total polyphenols (TPMEPol and TPMENPol) with three scavenging methods. Responses were linear in all tested methods and the antioxidant capacity values of soluble antioxidants showed the following relative order: TroloxOBHAOTPMEPolOTPMENPolO FPMEPolOFPMENPol. Nutritional antioxidants, such as polyphenols, were probably the main antioxidant contribution to mussel antioxidants. The mussel extracts from the polluted site exhibited higher antioxidant capacity than from the non-polluted one. The results presented in this report indicate that the antioxidant capacity of the whole tissue of the mussel extract could possibly be a useful biomarker for aquatic environments. 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comparison of a Data Imputation Structural Equation Modeling Accuracy Estimation Between Constrained and Unconstrained Approaches

Abstract. This study aimed to comparison of a data imputation structural equation modeling (SEM) accuracy estimation between constrained and unconstrained approaches. The measurement accuracy of the model based on the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) model. The model is developed by using the online database from University of California, Irvine (UCI) which is a data set on waveform generators. Indicators 21 (1,200 sets) methods were as follows: 1) Data set was divided into two groups (experimental group of 1,000 sets and test group of 200 sets); 2) The experimental group was analyzed by three main factors (F1, F2, F3); 3) Create a SEM; 4) The remaining indicators from the results in section 3 were used to create new factors with the constrained approach. All the indicators are related and used to construct a SEM to estimate the equation missing. The test data was substituted in the equation to find the accuracy which was 43.00% (MMRE was 57.00%); 5) the remaining indicators from the results in section 3 were used to create a new factor with the unconstrained approach. The test data was also substituted in the equation to find the accuracy which was 65.71% (MMRE was 34.29%). Thus, comparing estimates of missing data showed that using the SEM with the unconstrained approach employed indicators, which were related for more accuracy while MMRE declined using the constrained approach with related indicators.
A worldwide bibliometric analysis of Antarctic krill research during 1960 to 2015

ABSTRACT This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 1251 articles related to Antarctic krill from 1960 to 2015, based on the Core Collection in Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science. We analyzed the results from four aspects: annual distribution, Web of Science categories and the major journals, international collaboration and author keywords. The Antarctic krill research has developed rapidly since 1978, with an increasing article output. The studies mostly focused on the fields of marine and freshwater biology, oceanography, and ecology. Polar Biology, Marine Ecology-Progress Series and Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, were the top three journals to publish the Antarctic krill-related papers. Although Russia is the earliest state to report Antarctic krill, U.S.A. and England were leaders with the largest output quantity and the highest cooperation frequencies. The researches in PR China have taken a blooming since 2009 and will play a more and more important role in the world. The frequencies of author keywords were counted. The high-frequency keywords were further divided into four groups with cohesive subgroup analysis, which suggested the major themes. This paper depicts the existing publications on Antarctic krill. Our goal is to serve a point of reference and provide the direction for the future work.
The challenge of climate change adaptation in Guyana

Climate change threatens to bring enormous infrastructural challenges for low-lying regions, and the capacity for adaptation is highly uneven on a global scale. Guyana, a developing country in South America, is highly susceptible to sea-level rise and flooding, because much of the population lives at or below sea level and depends upon old and decaying coastal infrastructure. This article examines the efforts of the Guyanese state to prioritize climate change adaptation, drawing from budgetary and documentary analyses and in-depth interviews with key informants in pertinent government ministries and non-governmental organizations. The Guyana government clearly recognizes the country's acute vulnerability to climate change – which has been accentuated by multiple recent flood events – and focuses on the need for vast infrastructural rehabilitation and enhancement as the main adaptation priority. However, while Guyana has emerged as a champion of climate change mitigation through averted deforestation, government investment in adaptation remains relatively small, and although a limited budget is one of the reasons for this, a number of other impediments complicate the issue. These include limited technical skills, low public awareness and the longer time-scale of threats relative to other national priorities. Ultimately, this case highlights some of the formidable challenges which poor countries face in prioritizing investments in adaptation.
OF VISUAL BRAIN MAPPING USING fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques are extensively used today to assess brain activation upon the application of specific stimuli or tasks. In particular, retinotopic mapping of the human visual cortex can be used to evaluate cortical reorganization in visual field loss disorders or to assist the pre-surgical planning for tumour resection. With such clinical responsibilities, retinotopic mapping demands a robust protocol with minimal variability. The objective of this work was to develop such a protocol and to determine its reproducibility. We implemented a quadrant stimulation paradigm and tested a group of 5 subjects on two separate sessions, comprising four runs each. We then analyzed the results using two different dataset sizes (including 2 or 4 runs each), as well as a number of combinations of preand post-processing options. We finally assessed the withinand betweensession reproducibility of the protocol using both dataset sizes, by calculating a number of variability measures of different activation parameters. In general, we found that reproducibility was higher for within-session relative to between-session comparisons. Moreover, increasing the dataset size considerably increased the reproducibility of the results. However, no significant systematic differences in reproducibility were found by using different processing parameter combinations. With the optimal processing choices, the median distance between activation peaks was ~3 mm for withinsession comparisons of datasets with 2 runs and between-session comparisons of datasets with 4 runs, rising to ~5 mm for between-session comparisons of datasets with 2 runs. In terms of the extent and intensity of the activation, the median coefficients of variation varied between 11 and 33% for the activation volume and between 2 and 4 % for the mean signal change, for between-session comparisons of datasets with 4 and 2 runs, respectively. As an overall measure of reproducibility, the median percentage of overlapping voxels varied between ~44 and 57 % for between-session comparisons of datasets with 4 and 2 runs, respectively. In conclusion, we have developed and characterized the reproducibility of an fMRI protocol to detect and localize the retinotopic activation of visual cortex associated with quadrant stimulation of the visual field.
Automated Classification of Aortic Valve Morphology from Phase-Contrast Cardiac MRI Using an Augmented CNN

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is most common congenital malformation of the heart 1 occurring in 1-2% of all individuals, and is associated with a variety of poor health 2 outcomes. Exploring BAV in large unlabeled imaging datasets such as the UK 3 Biobank is complicated by the absence of functional models for classification of 4 aortic valve morphology. Fully automated identification of BAV from MRI images 5 was not previously studied in the medical literature. In this paper, we show that 6 with an extremely limited set of 112 samples, subjected to simple pre-processing 7 steps along with data augmentation, we can train a CNN classification model which 8 achieves an AUC of 0.76, a 0.14 lift from non-augmented data, thus establishing a 9 baseline for automatic BAV identification from cardiac MRIs. 10
Glyoxime , Diaminofurazan and some Energetic Derivatives , by A XT 1 Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride

61 g nitromethane was mixed with 114 g 32% hydrochloric acid in a 300 mL glass bottle (molar ratioCH3NO2:HCl:H2O 1:1:4.3). The top was screwed on the bottle and it was immersed in an oil bath heated to 100°C (Figure 2). The solution was left at this temperature for 24 hours whereby the nitromethane and acid layers formed a homogeneous solution. The solution was then transfered to a wide mouth beaker and left at the same temperature until evaporated to about 1/3 of its initial volume. On cooling the solution to -5°C hydroxylamine hydrochloride precipitated as large white flakes which were filtered and dried. Further concentration and cooling yielded further crystals for a total of 41 g (59%). A similar process to that described above was used but with a molar ratio of 1:1:10. This allowed the solution to be heated in a non-pressurized vessel without significant loss of HCl. Plastic film and a rubber band was used to cover the flask containing
THE (UN)PREDICTABLE FACTOR: THE ROLE OF SUBSIDIARY SOCIAL CAPITAL IN INTERNATIONAL TAKEOVERS

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the implementation of headquarters-originated employment practices affect multinational corporation (MNC) ability to exploit the value of organizational social capital of the acquired subsidiary. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use qualitative insights collected over 16 years from a Danish company to illustrate how a foreign MNC’s interference with the balanced structure of relations, norms, and roles in a subsidiary jeopardized the value of existing social capital. Findings – The authors argue that changes in the collective perception of employment practices create the collective response, constructive or destructive, resulting respectively in the gain or loss of the performance benefits arising from organizational social capital. Practical implications – The authors suggest two guidelines and two general propositions for future research on the value of organizational social capital in international takeovers. Originality/value – The res.
Sediment budget of the Napo River, Amazon basin, Ecuador and Peru

The upstream‐downstream sediment budget along the Napo River (100 520 km2, 6300 m3 s−1) was studied in the Andean foothills of Ecuador, at the west of the Amazon basin. A comparative study was made during four hydrological cycles (2001–2005) for three hydrological stations located upstream, and during one hydrological cycle (2004–2005) for the fourth one located near the mouth of the Napo River (region of Iquitos in Peru). This analysis showed an unusual increase in the concentration of suspended sediment recorded for the western part of the Amazon plain. Like the runoff (81 l s−1 km2), which is a world's maximum, the erosion rate (1160 t km−2 year−1, i.e. 47% of total suspended solid (TSS) export at the exit of Ecuador), one of the highest for a floodplain basin is the result of a stepper slope than in the rest of the Andean foothills, where typically sedimentation phenomena are predominant, and can be explained in part by a greater tectonic activity. Similar phenomenes were evidenced in small mountainous rivers in New Guinea (Milliman and Syvitski, 1992; Milliman, 1995).
Modeling and Optimization of Carbon Steel AISI 1045 Surface Roughness in CNC Turning Based on Response Surface Methodology and Heuristic Optimization Algorithms

Surface roughness or surface quality is considered to be one of the most crucial requirement of a machined part since it directly influences the mechanical properties of the part. However, the traditional method of choosing cutting parameters’ values to obtain a good surface finish has its own disadvantages. Therefore, an experimental study has been conducted to develop a suitable mathematical model and pair it with an optimization technique that able to produce low surface roughness of carbon steel AISI 1045. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to develop the mathematical model whereas three types of heuristic optimization methods namely Genetics Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Simulated Annealing (SA) employed to optimize the model and find the optimal cutting parameters’ values. A brief comparison of the three optimization methods has been made to study their performance to the developed model. Experimental results indicate that the proposed modeling technique and PSO are quite efficient in determining optimal cutting parameters for CNC turning of carbon steel AISI 1045.
Estimating the Eddy Viscosity Profile from Velocity Spirals in the Ekman Boundary Layer

AbstractTurbulent mixing induced by tidal currents near the sea bottom plays a key role in coastal and shallow sea environments. Many attempts have been made to quantify turbulent mixing near the seabed, such as velocity microstructure measurements with microstructure profilers and turbulent Reynolds stress measurements using acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). This study proposes an alternative method in which the Ekman balance equations are solved with measured velocity spirals to estimate the eddy viscosity profile. Three schemes (schemes 1, 2, and 3) are described in this paper; schemes 1 and 2 were used in previous studies, while scheme 3 is newly proposed in the present study. The performance of the three schemes was tested using velocity spirals simulated with an idealized eddy viscosity profile, showing that scheme 2 is useful if the random measurement errors are small, while scheme 3 is useful when the errors in the Ekman balance are small. The performance was also evaluated using measure.