Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast and Accurate Whole-Body Pose Estimation in the Wild and Its Applications

Recently, multi-person pose estimation techniques have drawn signiﬁcant attention in both academia and industry due to their great potential utility. Here, we present a fast and accurate in-the-wild whole-body pose estimation system. Our system detects not only body keypoints, but also foot and hand keypoints, with high accuracy in real time. Furthermore, we present two typical applications of our system, in the areas of ﬁtness and speed climbing, and describe the optimization of these applications, which has yielded both computing acceleration and improved detection accuracy.
Ionic Substituted Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Prepared by Sponge Replication Technique for Bone Regeneration

Porous metallic implants used for replacement in fractures have well-documented fixation problems, and like natural bone, cannot self-repair or adapt to changing physiological conditions. As a consequence, the implant becomes loose over time. Bioactive ceramic alternatives have shown excellent potential in repair and regeneration of bone defects due to their ability to support bone cell growth and form strong bonds to both hard and soft tissues. This work deals with synthesis and characterization of biodegradable scaffolds with nano-hydroxyapatite (HA), zinc substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (ZnHA) and fluorine substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (FHA) particles for bone regeneration. The nanoparticles were synthesized via wet chemical method and scaffolds were fabricated using sponge replication technique. The elemental composition of nanoparticles was determined using XRF. The crystallography and functional groups were evaluated by XRD and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. TEM images exhibited the as-synthesized nanoparticles size below 50nm. Zinc/fluorine substitution could affect the ratio of HA and β-TCP (β-tricalcium phosphate) phases in scaffolds. SEM images showed the presence of both macroporosity and microporosity in the scaffolds, with total porosity in the range of 65-75%. From the in-vitro study, it was confirmed that the obtained scaffolds were biomimetic, bioactive, and osteoconductive. Other than bone regeneration, the obtained scaffolds can have a wide array of applications, including tissue engineering, filtration, and catalyst support. The use of ionic substituted hydroxyapatite also opens new possibilities in the field of bone regeneration, utilizing the easily tailored bioactivity and biodegradation rates.
δ-MnO2/holey graphene hybrid fiber for all-solid-state supercapacitor

δ-MnO2/holey reduced graphene oxide (HRGO) fiber electrodes with good flexibility and enhanced electrochemical performance were prepared by depositing δ-MnO2 on the surface of the holey reduced graphene oxide fibers. HRGO-650 was obtained by soaking graphene oxide in a 0.5 M H3PO4 solution for 12 h followed by calcining it at 650 °C for 2 h in N2. The loose curling manganese oxide nanosheets are reassembled on the surface of the HRGO-650 fiber freely, causing the close contact between the manganese oxide nanosheets and the graphene nanosheets. The prepared δ-MnO2(4.0)/HRGO fiber electrode shows a larger specific capacitance (245 F g−1) at a current density of 1 A g−1 in the 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. An all-solid-state fiber supercapacitor was assembled by two intertwined δ-MnO2(4.0)/HRGO fiber electrodes, both of which are solidified in a H3PO4–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel electrolyte. This all-solid-state δ-MnO2(4.0)/HRGO fiber supercapacitor not only shows good flexibility, but also gives enhanced capacitive performance. The optimal all-solid-state δ-MnO2(4.0)/HRGO fiber supercapacitor obtains a high area-specific capacitance (16.3–16.7 mF cm−2) at a current density of 0.05 mA cm−2, enhanced rate capability (64% capacitance retention from 0.05–0.6 mA cm−2), and relative good stability (80% of initial capacitance values after 1000 cycles). This method is expected to improve the conductivity and capacitance for all-solid-state carbon-based fiber supercapacitor with good flexibility and light weight.
Syntheses and optical resolution of calix[4]arenes with molecular asymmetry. Systematic classification of all possible chiral isomers derivable from calix[4]arene

All possible chiral isomers that can be derived from calix[4]arene by modification of the OH groups were systematically classified. Molecular asymmetry can be generated not only by different substituents but also by conformational isomerism. The numbers of chiral isomers are 24 for tetra-O-substituted calix[4]arenes, 10 for tri-O-substituted calix[4]arenes, 3 for di-O-substituted calix[4]arenes, and 0 for mono-O-substituted calix[4]arenes. This implies that calix[4]arene is a useful building block for the design of novel asymmetric ring structures. In order to demonstrate asymmetry in these chiral calix[4]arenes, we synthesized several tetra-, tri-, and d-O-substituted calix[4]arenes by using the metal template method, the stepwise synthesis method, the protection-deprotection method, etc., which were developed in efforts directed toward regioselectivite O-alkylation and control of conformational isomerism in calix[4]arenes. Finally, were succeded in complete optical resolution of chiral calix[4]arenes by an HPLC method using a chiral-packed column or by the formation of diastereoisomers with the (-) menthoxyacetyl group. This article thus contains all of the molecular design concepts, syntheses, and optical resolutions of chiral calix[4]arenes
The Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL): An Introduction

In November 2004, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) released the aerospace standard AS5506, named the Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL). The AADL is a modeling language that supports early and repeated analyses of a system's architecture with respect to performance-critical properties through an extendable notation, a tool framework, and precisely defined semantics. The language employs formal modeling concepts for the description and analysis of application system architectures in terms of distinct components and their interactions. It includes abstractions of software, computational hardware, and system components for (a) specifying and analyzing real-time embedded and high dependability systems, complex systems of systems, and specialized performance capability systems and (b) mapping of software onto computational hardware elements. The AADL is especially effective for model-based analysis and specification of complex real-time embedded systems. This technical note is an introduction to the concepts, language structure, and application of the AADL.
Process Simulation and Techno-Economic Analysis of the Production of Sodium Methoxide

The worldwide increase in biodiesel production has created a major market for sodium methoxide, as a catalyst in the transesterification of vegetable oils. This work evaluates different methods for the manufacture of sodium methoxide, diluted in methanol. Alternative process designs are reviewed, and the most promising solutions are modeled in Aspen Plus, including their phase and chemical equilibria. Economic indicators are incorporated in a comparative profitability analysis that includes a risk evaluation with Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the methods of manufacturing sodium methoxide from sodium metal (process II) and from sodium hydroxide (process III) are the most competitive alternatives, although each can be preferred in different contexts. Process III has a better chance of profitability (41%) than process II (34%), where the latter can be affected by higher raw-material costs and the first is more sensitive to variations in the utility and capital costs.
The Changing Relevance of Accounting Numbers to Debt Holders over Time

We examine the change over time in the information content of accounting numbers from the perspective of bondholders and the causes for this change. Using proprietary longitudinal data, we find that, in contrast to the decline in the information content of accounting numbers to equity holders over time, the information content to bondholders has held steady or risen. The rise is attributable to economic factors such as an increase in risk and in the frequency of unfavorable news to which the valuation of debt is more sensitive than that of equity. There are indications, however, that reporting factors, specifically an increase in conservatism over the last four decades, is associated with this rise. The findings contribute to the scant literature on the use of financial information by bondholders and the extent to which financial reporting meets their unique information needs. Given debt holders prominence as users of financial statements, the findings have important implications for accounting standard setting.
Liquid Viscosity and Surface Tension of R1234yf and R1234ze Under Saturation Conditions by Surface Light Scattering

In the present study, surface light scattering (SLS) was used for the simultaneous determination of liquid kinematic viscosity and surface tension of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234yf) and of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234ze) under saturation conditions. A new SLS apparatus was built up and checked with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and a good agreement of our data from SLS with literature could be found. With the new apparatus, R1234yf and R1234ze were investigated in the temperature ranges between (293 and 365) K and between (295 and 373) K. For determination of the liquid kinematic viscosity the expanded uncertainties on a confidence level of more than 95 % (k = 2) are estimated to be ± 2 % for reduced temperatures Tr (= T/Tc) < 0.95, and ± 6 % for Tr close to 0.99. For the surface tension, the expanded uncertainties are less than ± 1.5 % (k = 2) in the whole temperature range.
Critical Properties and Normal Boiling Temperature of Ionic Liquids. Update and a New Consistency Test

The group contribution method proposed by Valderrama and Robles in 2007 and extended by Valderrama and Rojas in 2009 to estimate the critical properties of ionic liquids is revised and an additional test for determining the consistency of the estimated properties is proposed. The new testing method includes the calculation of the saturation pressure at the normal boiling temperature using an equation of state and an accurate model to represent the temperature function of the attractive term in the equation of state. In determining the vapor pressure, the critical temperature, the critical pressure, the critical volume, and the acentric factor determined by group contribution are included. The proposed method complements the previous density test of the authors that tested the critical temperature, the critical volume, and the normal boiling temperature only. A total of 1130 ionic liquids are considered in this work, and double checking, using the density and the normal vapor pressure, is applied. Also, a .
SOCE and Ca 2+ Handling in Platelet Dysfunction

Platelets are small (approximately 0.5–3.0 mm) blood cells, or strictly speaking cell fragments, irregularly-shaped and colorless that play a crucial role in homeostasis. Platelets form clots, along with other plasma factors, that stop bleeding. Platelets were first identified in 1882 (Bizzonero 1882), and the same year thrombocytopenia was reported to play an important role in impaired hemostasis (Hayem 1882). Platelets posses an internal membrane structure, the open canalicular system, that is continuous with, and part of, the plasma membrane, and might facilitate the interaction of the plasma membrane with internal organelles. In addition, platelets exhibit a highly dynamic cytoskeleton, consisting of tubulin microtubules and actin filaments, which support the discoid shape of resting platelets and provide a contractile mechanism necessary for a number of platelet functions, including shape changes, pseudopod formation, internal contraction and secretion of different regulatory factors (Rosado and Sage 2000a; Fox 2001). Ultrastructural studies have revealed that platelets posses two types of secretory granules: the dense granules and the alpha granules. Dense granules store serotonin, Ca, ATP, ADP, and pyrophosphate (Dell’ Angelica et al. 2000). Alpha granules contain platelet factor IV, von Willebrand factor, thrombospodin and fibrinogen. In addition, alpha granules might store immunoglobulins taken from the extracellular medium by endocytosis (Harrison and Cramer 1993). Secretion of dense and alpha granules is a critical event in the formation of the hemostatic plug. In addition, platelets posses a membranous system known as the dense tubular system (DTS), the analogue of the endoplasmic reticulum in other cells, which represents the major intracellular Ca store, and a reduced number of mitochondria.
Tuning Surface Wettability at the Submicron-Scale: Effect of Focused Ion Beam Irradiation on a Self-Assembled Monolayer

Realizing surface wettability tuning at the submicron-scale resolution is expected to enable the fabrication of micro/nano-structured fluidic devices and is particularly important in nanobiotechnology and high-resolution printing. Herein, we propose an approach to modify the wettability of self-assembled monolayer surfaces using focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation. The contact angle of the irradiated region changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic by increasing the ion dosage. The chemical composition and associated depth profile of the sample surfaces were analyzed by glow discharge–optical emission spectroscopy. The results indicated that the content of fluorine at the surface decreased after FIB irradiation of the samples. A submicron-scale hydrophobic–hydrophilic hybrid surface was then fabricated by forming hydrophilic dots with diameters of ∼110 nm on a hydrophobic surface by FIB irradiation. The difference in wettability of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas on the surface was confirmed by microsc.
Preparation of highly porous carbon from sustainable α-cellulose for superior removal performance of tetracycline and sulfamethazine from water

Hierarchical carbon materials with ultrahigh specific surface area and high porosity were synthesized by KOH activation from sustainable α-cellulose and employed as adsorbents to study adsorption performance of tetracycline (TC) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) from aqueous solutions. The physical and chemical properties of the as-prepared materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, Raman and a surface area analyzer. The obtained porous carbon exhibited a hierarchical pore structure, large BET specific surface area (3187.91 m2 g−1) and pore volume (1.781 cm3 g−1) when the activation temperature reached 850 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities were 1072.86 and 786.18 mg g−1 for TC and SMZ removal at 298 K, respectively. Moreover, TC and SMZ showed similar adsorption features, kinetic results could fit well using a pseudo-second-order model, intraparticle diffusion was not the rate-controlling step and adsorption isotherm results fit well with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacities increased with contact time and adsorption temperature and, moreover, pH and external ionic species have a significant effect on adsorption efficiency. Thermodynamic studies implied that physisorption might dominate adsorption and the adsorption process is spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. The results are of importance to indicate that the as-prepared porous carbon could be used as a low-cost and effective adsorbent in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Optical Responses of Gold Nanoparticles Undergoing a Change to Cluster Aggregates and Laser Beam Characteristics Effect

The local field enhancement for fractal aggregate targets consisting of clusters of gold nanoparticles (NPs) placed over a metallic substrate is studied numerically. The field enhancement occurs when such targets are irradiated by polarized laser beam. Using the dipole−dipole approximation (DDA) and considering Fresnel relations, the spatial field distribution over the sample was calculated. The effects of the incident beam characteristics such as polarization, wavelength, and incident angle on the collective responses of cluster aggregates were investigated. The effect of target morphology characteristics was also studied. Numerical calculations indicate that, because of target morphological anisotropy and boundary conditions, there is an optimum value for cluster size which maximizes the averaged local field enhancement for the p-polarized incident beam.
Slow- Release Fertilizer Formulation Using Acrylic and Chitosan Coating

The low-efficiency problem in fertilizer application can be overcome by controlling fertilizer solubility, i.e. by rendering the fertilizer to be released gradually; such material is also known as slow-release fertilizer (SRF). This research was aimed to formulate SRF by coating technique using acrylic and chitosan as the coating material, and to evaluate fertilizer resistance to too fast disintegration, and rate of nutrient release method. The results demonstrated that fertilizer formulation containing N, P, K, Fe, Cu, and Zn with granulation technique yielded 74% of granules with 2-5 mm in diameter. The SRFs (formulated fertilizer with acrylic or chitosan coating) were more resistant to water pounding than non-SRF. Furthermore, shaking test with distilled water or 2% citric acid, or by percolation test with distilled water showed that the SRFs had lower nutrient solubility than the non-SRFs. The results of shaking test also specifically indicated that coating with acrylic made the fertilizer more resistant to the citric acid,suggesting that this coating material would be more suitable in acidic soils. The SRFs formulated with the addition of chitosan during blending of micronutrients prior to mixing with macronutrients, granulation, and final coating exhibited lower nutrient solubility than the SRFs without the pre-coating chitosan addition. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE [ How to Cite : Lili H, G Djajakirana, Darmawan, and CP Munoz. 2015. Slow- Release Fertilizer Formulation Using Acrylic and Chitosan Coating. J Trop Soils 19: 37-45. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2015.20.1.37 ] [ Permalink/DOI: www.dx. doi.org/ 10.5400/jts. 2015.20.1.37 ]
Roles of Water Molecules in Modulating the Reactivity of Dioxygen-Bound Cu-ZSM-5 toward Methane: A Theoretical Prediction

We propose theoretically that the reactivity of O2-bound Cu-ZSM-5 toward methane is enhanced by the presence of one water molecule near a dinuclear copper site inside a 10-membered ring of the zeolite cavity. The current study employed density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the B3LYP functional to elucidate reaction intermediates during dioxygen activation by Cu-ZSM-5 in the presence of one water molecule attached to a dicopper site. The initial event is the formation of a hydroperoxo species bridged by the dicopper site via an H atom transfer from an attached water to the bound dioxygen. After the formation of the intermediate, the hydroperoxo O–O bond is completely cleaved to form radical oxygen containing intermediates, such as a Cu–O–Cu species bound by two OH groups (HO–Cu–O–Cu–OH), as well as a copper oxyl group containing intermediate (HO–Cu–OH–CuO). The radical oxygen containing intermediates can cleave a methane C–H bond in a homolytic fashion. Examining the barrier for the C–H bond ac.
Sickle Cell Disease and the Respiratory System: A Tangential Perspective to the Hematopulmonological Dilemma

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited hematological condition that predominantly affects the African-American subset of the population. It leads to the precipitation of multi-systematic manifestations throughout the course of the life of the patient leading to an increased rate of inpatient admissions and decreased quality of life. This article has reviewed some of the most common pulmonary complications of SCD with a brief overview of the clinical features and their management and has also highlighted the fatality of the complications placing a strong focus on screening, monitoring, and the treatment of the disease. The article has also discussed the management of SCD from a pulmonological perspective rather than hematological alone.
Functional connectivity abnormalities in Type I Chiari: associations with cognition and pain

Abstract There is initial evidence of microstructural abnormalities in the fibre-tract pathways of the cerebellum and cerebrum of individuals diagnosed with Type I Chiari malformation. However, it is unclear whether abnormal white matter architecture and macro-level morphological deviations that have been observed in Chiari translate to differences in functional connectivity. Furthermore, common symptoms of Chiari include pain and cognitive deficits, but the relationship between these symptoms and functional connectivity has not been explored in this population. Eighteen Type I Chiari patients and 18 age-, sex- and education-matched controls underwent resting-state functional MRI to measure functional connectivity. Participants also completed a neuropsychological battery and completed self-report measures of chronic pain. Group differences in functional connectivity were identified. Subsequently, pathways of significant difference were re-analyzed after controlling for the effects of attention performance and self-reported chronic pain. Chiari patients exhibited functional hypoconnectivity between areas of the cerebellum and cerebrum. Controlling for attention eliminated all deficits with the exception of that from the posterior cerebellar pathway. Similarly, controlling for pain also eliminated deficits except for those from the posterior cerebellar pathway and vermis VII. Patterns of Chiari hyperconnectivity were also found between regions of the cerebellum and cerebrum in Chiari patients. Hyperconnectivity in all regions was eliminated after controlling for attention except between left lobule VIII and the left postcentral gyrus and between vermis IX and the precuneus. Similarly, hyperconnectivity was eliminated after controlling for pain except between the default mode network and globus pallidus, left lobule VIII and the left postcentral gyrus, and Vermis IX and the precuneus. Evidence of both hyper- and hypoconnectivity were identified in Chiari, which is posited to support the hypothesis that the effect of increased pain in Chiari draws on neural resources, requiring an upregulation in inhibitory control mechanisms and resulting in cognitive dysfunction. Areas of hypoconnectivity in Chiari patients also suggest disruption in functional pathways, and potential mechanisms are discussed.