Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How personality diversity influences team performance in student software engineering teams

Developing software is a team project that does not only rest on technologies and methodologies used, human aspects also play a pivotal role in the success of team projects. We investigate the impact of personality diversity on the success of short-lived student teams who develop software. We define a measurement of personality diversity in terms of personality types using the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality dimensions. We observe the ratios of students in our cohort belonging to each of the four personality dimensions. Team success is measured in terms of team synergy and the quality of the end product. We hypothesise that diversity in a team is positively correlated with team synergy and the quality of their deliverable. We discuss the factors that may have contributed to our failure to confirm our hypotheses.
Molecular Evolution in a Peptide-Vesicle System

Based on a new model of a possible origin of life, we propose an efficient and stable system undergoing structural reproduction, self-optimization, and molecular evolution. This system is being formed under realistic conditions by the interaction of two cyclic processes, one of which offers vesicles as the structural environment, with the other supplying peptides from a variety of amino acids as versatile building blocks. We demonstrate that structures growing in a combination of both cycles have the potential to support their own existence, to undergo chemical and structural evolution, and to develop unpredicted functional properties. The key mechanism is the mutual stabilization of the peptides by the vesicles and of the vesicles by the peptides together with a constant production and selection of both. The development of the proposed system over time would not only represent one of the principles of life, but could also be a model for the formation of self-evolving structures ultimately leading to the first living cell. The experiment yields clear evidence for a vesicle-induced accumulation of membrane-interacting peptide which could be identified by liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectroscopy. We found that the selected peptide has an immediate effect on the vesicles, leading to (i) reduced vesicle size, (ii) increased vesicle membrane permeability, and (iii) improved thermal vesicle stability.
On the Fallibility of Principal Components in Research

The measurement error in principal components extracted from a set of fallible measures is discussed and evaluated. It is shown that as long as one or more measures in a given set of observed variables contains error of measurement, so also does any principal component obtained from the set. The error variance in any principal component is shown to be (a) bounded from below by the smallest error variance in a variable from the analyzed set and (b) bounded from above by the largest error variance in a variable from that set. In the case of a unidimensional set of analyzed measures, it is pointed out that the reliability and criterion validity of any principal component are bounded from above by these respective coefficients of the optimal linear combination with maximal reliability and criterion validity (for a criterion unrelated to the error terms in the individual measures). The discussed psychometric features of principal components are illustrated on a numerical data set.
A subdivision-based parametric deformable model for surface extraction and statistical shape modeling of the knee cartilages

Subdivision surfaces and parameterization are desirable for many algorithms that are commonly used in Medical Image Analysis. However, extracting an accurate surface and parameterization can be difficult for many anatomical objects of interest, due to noisy segmentations and the inherent variability of the object. The thin cartilages of the knee are an example of this, especially after damage is incurred from injuries or conditions like osteoarthritis. As a result, the cartilages can have different topologies or exist in multiple pieces. In this paper we present a topology preserving (genus 0) subdivision-based parametric deformable model that is used to extract the surfaces of the patella and tibial cartilages in the knee. These surfaces have minimal thickness in areas without cartilage. The algorithm inherently incorporates several desirable properties, including: shape based interpolation, sub-division remeshing and parameterization. To illustrate the usefulness of this approach, the surfaces and parameterizations of the patella cartilage are used to generate a 3D statistical shape model.
Reliability of heart rate variability threshold and parasympathetic reactivation after a submaximal exercise test

The objective of this study was to evaluate reproducibility of heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) and parasympathetic reactivation in physically active men (n= 16, 24.3 ± 5.1 years). During the test, HRVT was assessed by SD1 and r-MSSD dynamics. Immediately after exercise, r-MSSD was analyzed in segments of 60 seconds for a period of five minutes. High absolute and relatively reproducible analysis of HRVT were observed, as assessed by SD1 and r-MSSD dynamics (ICC = 0.92, CV = 10.8, SEM = 5.8). During the recovery phase, a moderate to high reproducibility was observed for r-MSSD from the first to the fifth minute (ICC = 0.69-0.95, CV = 7.5-14.2, SEM = 0.07-1.35). We conclude that HRVT and r-MSSD analysis after a submaximal stress test are highly reproducible measures that might be used to assess the acute and chronic effects of exercise training on cardiac autonomic modulation during and/or after a submaximal stress test.
Fatigue After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is Highly Prevalent in the First-Year Postonset and Related to Low Physical Fitness: A Longitudinal Study

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate whether low physical fitness and inactive and sedentary lifestyles play a role in the severity of fatigue in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (a-SAH). Design This is a prospective 1-yr follow-up study, including a total of 52 patients with a-SAH. Outcome measures included the Fatigue Severity Scale score, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), isokinetic knee muscle strength (peak torque), physical activity (% 24-hr period), and sedentary behavior (% waking hours) and were evaluated at 6 and 12 mos after onset. Results Fatigue was highly prevalent in the first year and reported by 48% of the patients at 6 mos and by 52% at 12 mos after a-SAH. Fatigue was associated with the knee extension (P < 0.001) and flexion strength (P < 0.001). A nonsignificant trend for a relationship was found between fatigue and the aerobic capacity (P = 0.079). No relationships were found between fatigue and physical activity or sedentary behavior. Fatigue could not be predicted by disease-related characteristics. Conclusions Half of the patients were fatigued in the first year after a-SAH. Interventions are necessary to reduce fatigue and should consider exercise training as a potential contributor to a multimodal treatment, preventing debilitating conditions after a-SAH. To Claim CME Credits Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry. org/JournalCME CME Objectives Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Recognize the association between fatigue and physical fitness in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; (2) Determine the severity of fatigue complaints in patient after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; and (3) Discuss the role of physical deconditioning in the management of fatigue in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Level Advanced Accreditation The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Contactless Measurement of Pose in the Earth Frame Using a Mobile Phone

In this paper, we propose an accurate non-contact pose estimation method for the pose of a remote target in the earth coordinate frame using a mobile phone equipped with a camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). Under the Manhattan world assumption, we first estimate the relative pose between the target and the camera using an existing line-based pose estimation method and then seek the target’s pose in the earth frame by combining the visual pose and the IMU orientation. To improve the overall estimation accuracy, we propose a new camera-IMU relative pose calibration method, where we take the different stochastic nature the accelerometer and magnetometer measurements into consideration, and propose a new a consistency measure defined on elevation and azimuth angles. When compared to state-of-the-art methods, it demonstrates strong advantage on both elevation and azimuth estimation accuracy while featuring convenient calibration setting-up. We also report the improved overall pose estimation accuracy based on evaluations on a real-world dataset using our method, in contrast to an uncalibrated phone.
Quick Identification of the Risk of Psychosis: The Italian Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief

Background: Diagnosing people during the prodromal phase of an incipient psychosis can improve the chance of better outcome. In busy clinical settings, the ideal tool is a brief, easy-to-complete self-report questionnaire. Objective: To test the psychometric properties of the Italian version of one of the most used screening tools for the identification of the risk of psychosis, the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B). Methods: Cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of college students was enrolled via snowball procedure (n=243; men: 45%). After understanding and signing the consent form, the participants received a booklet containing the following questionnaires: the 21-item Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B); the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the 74-item Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the capacity of the PQ-B to identify individuals at risk of psychosis as independently defined based on the combination of GHQ-12 and SPQ thresholds. Results: The Italian version of the PQ-B revealed good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and adequate convergent and divergent validity. The Youden method retrieved a cut-off = 7 for the PQ-B frequency score and a cut-off = 22 for the PQ-B distress score. Both PQ-B scores had a perfect (99%) negative predictive value. Conclusion: The PQ-B is a promising screening tool in two-stage protocols. The major advantage of the PQ-B is to exclude cases that are unlikely to be at risk of psychosis.
Assessing the Dietary Habits of Canadians by Eating Location and Occasion: Findings from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2

Occasion and location of food environment has an influence on dietary habits, nutritional quality and overall health and nutrition-related chronic disease risk. Eating occasion and location was assessed in 20,402 Canadians aged ≥ 2 years, with a focus on energy, saturated fat, added sugars, and sodium intake by age group. Data showed >80% of children, compared to ~60% of adolescents and adults, consumed three meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) plus snacks in a day. Dinner contributed the most calories [ranging from 395 ± 11 kcal (2–3 year olds) to 952 ± 27 kcal (men 19–30 years)], saturated fat [7.4 ± 0.2% energy (2–3 year olds) to 9.1 ± 0.3% energy (women 31–50 years)], and sodium [851 ± 24 mg (2–3 year olds) to 1299 ± 69 mg (men 19–30 years)], while snacks contributed the most added sugars [22 ± 1 kcal (men >70 years) to 45 ± 1 kcal (2–3 year olds)]. By eating location, most Canadians (>90%) reported consuming food from home. Subsequently, home was associated with the majority of energy [1383 ± 23 kcal (women >70 years) to 2090 ± 35 kcal (boys 9–13 years)], saturated fat [20.4 ± 0.4%E (men 51–70 years) to 24.2 ± 0.4%E (2–3 year olds)], added sugars [77 ± 3 kcal (men 19–30 years) to 117 ± 2 kcal (2–3 year olds)], and sodium [2137 ± 59 mg (women 19–30 years) to 2638 ± 45 mg (men 51–70 years)] intakes. Reported eating behaviours suggest action is needed at individual and population levels to alter food purchasing and consumption habits, specifically with regards to snacking habits and foods prepared at home.
Association Between Changes in Body Composition and Neoadjuvant Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer

Importance Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have been associated with poor outcomes in unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC). Neoadjuvant treatment (NT) is used increasingly to improve resectability; however, its effects on fat and muscle body composition have not been characterized. Objectives To evaluate whether NT affects muscle mass and adipose tissue in patients with borderline resectable PC (BRPC) and locally advanced PC (LAPC) and determine whether there were potential differences between patients who ultimately underwent resection and those who did not. Design, Setting, and Participants In this retrospective cohort study conducted at 4 academic medical centers, 193 patients with BRPC and LAPC undergoing surgical exploration after NT who had available computed tomographic scans (both at diagnosis and preoperatively) and confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were evaluated. The study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2015. Data analysis was performed from September 2016 to May 2017. Measurement of body compartments was evaluated with volume assessment software before and after NT. A radiologist blinded to the patient outcome assessed the areas of skeletal muscle, total adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue through a standardized protocol. Exposures Receipt of NT. Main Outcomes and Measures Achievement of pancreatic resection at surgical exploration after the receipt of NT. Results Of the 193 patients with complete radiologic imaging available after NT, 96 (49.7%) were women; mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 64 (11) years. Most patients received combined therapy with fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and folic acid (124 [64.2%]) and 86 (44.6%) received chemoradiotherapy as well. The median interval between pre-NT and post-NT imaging was 6 months (interquartile range [IQR], 4-7 months). All body compartments significantly changed. The adipose compound decreased (median total adipose tissue area from 284.0 cm2; IQR, 171.0-414.0 to 250.0 cm2; IQR, 139.0-363.0; P < .001; median visceral adipose tissue area from 115.2 cm2; IQR, 59.9-191.0 to 97.7 cm2; IQR, 48.0-149.0 cm2; P < .001), whereas the lean mass slightly improved (median skeletal muscle from 122.1 cm2; IQR, 99.3-142.0 to 123 cm2; IQR 104.8-152.5 cm2; P = .001). Surgical resection was achievable in 136 (70.5%) patients. Patients who underwent resection had experienced a 5.9% skeletal muscle area increase during NT treatment, whereas those who did not undergo resection had a 1.7% decrease (P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance Patients with PC experience a significant loss of adipose tissue during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but no muscle wasting. An increase in muscle tissue during NT is associated with resectability.
Connectivity of sleep- and wake-promoting regions of the human hypothalamus observed during resting wakefulness

The hypothalamus is a central hub for regulating sleep-wake patterns, the circuitry of which has been investigated extensively in experimental animals. This work has identified a wake-promoting region in the posterior hypothalamus, with connections to other wake-promoting regions, and a sleep-promoting region in the anterior hypothalamus, with inhibitory projections to the posterior hypothalamus. It is unclear whether a similar organization exists in humans. Here, we use anatomical landmarks to identify homologous sleep- and wake-promoting regions of the human hypothalamus and investigate their functional relationships using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging in healthy awake participants. First, we identify a negative correlation (anticorrelation) between the anterior and posterior hypothalamus, two regions with opposing roles in sleep-wake regulation. Next, we show that hypothalamic connectivity predicts a pattern of regional sleep-wake changes previously observed in humans. Specifically, regions that are more positively correlated with the posterior hypothalamus and more negatively correlated with the anterior hypothalamus correspond to regions with the greatest change in cerebral blood flow between sleep-wake states. Taken together, these findings provide preliminary evidence relating a hypothalamic circuit investigated in animals to sleep-wake neuroimaging results in humans, with implications for our understanding of human sleep-wake regulation and the functional significance of anticorrelations.
GEOPATHOLOGY OF ENDEMIC PEDIATRIC LYMPH NODE KAPOSI'S SARCOMA IN WESTERN KENYA

We conducted an epidemiological and histological analysis of the endemic lymph node-type Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in African children (under 16 years old) in Western Kenya in order to determine the ethno-geographical distribution of the disease and to clarify its histological features and histogenesis during the 12-year period between 1979 to 1990. The age distribution of all endemic type KS in Western Kenya showed two age peaks; one in early childhood and the other in middle to advanced age. Most endemic KS in children initially occurred in the lymph nodes, while that of people of middle to advanced age showed a primary lesion in the skin. The male to female ratio of the endemic KS was 3.1 to 1 (in all pediatric types), 3.4 to 1 (in the pediatric lymph node-type) and 10.8 to 1 (in all adult types). A high incidence of the lymph node-type KS in children was observed in the Luo group ethnically and in Nyanza Province around Lake Victoria geographically. The lymph node-type KS originated at the paracortical areas and gradually grew along the reticulin network originating from the trabeculae. The lesion of KS histologically consisted of several types of cells, especially spindle-shaped cells, macrophage-like cells and immature endothelial cell-like cells and was accompanied by almost normal small blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and postcapillary venules. No abnormal mitoses were observed in any of the cells. There were no primary necroses due to tumor proliferation and also no extracapsular invasions. Immunohistochemically, spindle-shaped cells, immature endothelial cell-like cells and mature endothelial cells were positive for Vimentin, but only mature endothelial cells were positive for Factor-VIIIRa and UEA-1. Macrophage-like cells were positive for Factor-XIIIRa. These findings suggested that : 1) there are certain differences in the etiological co-factors of KS between the endemic lymph node-type KS in children and the endemic cutaneous type KS in adults, 2) KS cells originate from pluripotent mesenchymal cells and 3) KS might not be a malignant tumor, but rather a benign neoplasm, tumor-like lesion or reactive hyperplasia.
Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Red- and White-Fleshed Strawberry (Fragaria[REPLACEMENT CHARACTER]ananassa) Provides New Insight into the Regulation of the Anthocyanin Pathway

Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments in plants. They confer both economical and healthy profits for humans. To gain a deeper insight into the regulation of anthocyanins biosynthesis in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa; Fa), a widely-consumed economically important fruit, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis of red- and white-fleshed strawberry cultivars in two ripening stages. In total, 365,455 non-redundant transcripts were assembled from the RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data. Of this collection, 377 were annotated as putative anthocyanins related transcripts. Differential expression analysis revealed that 57 anthocyanins biosynthesis transcripts were down-regulated, and 89 transcription factors (TFs) were either down- or up- regulated under anthocyanins deficiency. Additionally, amongst the 50,601 putative long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) identified here, 68 lncRNAs were differentially expressed and co-expressed with differentially expressed anthocyanins related mRNAs, 2,070 co-expressing lncRNAs-mRNAs pairs were generated. Expression profiles analysis revealed that it was the limited expression of FaF3'H that blocked the cyanidin 3-glucoside accumulation in the two investigated strawberry cultivars. This was further supported by a transient-overexpression experiment with FaMYB10. The down-regulated lncRNAs might participate in anthocyanins regulation by acting as targets for micro RNAs (miRNAs). The level of competitive intensity in miRNA and lncRNA for the same mRNAs target was probably lower in the white-fleshed strawberries, which can release the repression effect of the mRNAs in red-fleshed strawberry as a result. This study for the first time presents lncRNAs related to anthocyanins in strawberries, provides new insights into anthocyanins regulatory network, and also lays the foundation for identifying new anthocyanins regulators in strawberry.
Dysregulation of B Cell Activity During Proliferative Kidney Disease in Rainbow Trout

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a widespread disease caused by the endoparasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa: Malacosporea). Clinical disease, provoked by the proliferation of extrasporogonic parasite stages, is characterized by a chronic kidney pathology with underlying transcriptional changes indicative of altered B cell responses and dysregulated T-helper cell-like activities. Despite the relevance of PKD to European and North American salmonid aquaculture, no studies, to date, have focused on further characterizing the B cell response during the course of this disease. Thus, in this work, we have studied the behavior of diverse B cell populations in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally infected with T. bryosalmonae at different stages of preclinical and clinical disease. Our results show a clear upregulation of all trout immunoglobulins (Igs) (IgM, IgD, and IgT) demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, suggesting the alteration of diverse B cell populations that coexist in the infected kidney. Substantial changes in IgM, IgD, and IgT repertoires were also identified throughout the course of the disease further pointing to the involvement of the three Igs in PKD through what appear to be independently regulated mechanisms. Thus, our results provide strong evidence of the involvement of IgD in the humoral response to a specific pathogen for the first time in teleosts. Nevertheless, it was IgT, a fish-specific Ig isotype thought to be specialized in mucosal immunity, which seemed to play a prevailing role in the kidney response to T. bryosalmonae. We found that IgT was the main Ig coating extrasporogonic parasite stages, IgT+ B cells were the main B cell subset that proliferated in the kidney with increasing kidney pathology, and IgT was the Ig for which more significant changes in repertoire were detected. Hence, although our results demonstrate a profound dysregulation of different B cell subsets during PKD, they point to a major involvement of IgT in the immune response to the parasite. These results provide further insights into the pathology of PKD that may facilitate the future development of control strategies.