Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress index is increased in children exposed to industrial discharges and is inversely correlated with metabolite excretion of voc

Although the Atoyac River has been classified as highly polluted by environmental authorities, several communities are settled on its banks, affecting around 1.5 million persons, as well as farmland, due to an environmental distribution of toxics in the area. Our aim was to demonstrate that this environment affects important physiological processes that have an impact in health, so we conducted a study of schoolchildren from small communities on the banks of the river and in another similar town located far from it. 91 and 93 students, boys and girls, were studied from each site for oxidative stress index (OSI), calculated from the total antioxidant capacity and the total oxidative status, BTEX metabolite excretion and relevant metabolic polymorphisms participating in the bioactivation‐detoxification of most VOC: CYP2E1 RsaI, NQO1 C609T, and null polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTM1. Results showed that OSI was significantly higher in children living by the river (5.23 ± 3.4 vs 2.59 ± 1.46, 95% C.I.). At this site, OSI was correlated with diminished metabolite excretion and a diminished antioxidant capacity; an association with genotypes CYP2E1RsaI (c2c2), GSTT1 present and NQO1*2 (CC) was also observed. Furthermore, boys at this site exhibited a diminished BMI compared to boys from the other community who were younger. In conclusion: children living at polluted sites like this, show early biological effects that might lead to health problems in their adult life. Environmental protection should be enforced to protect people's health in these sites where not even environmental monitoring is done. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:639–652, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiobjective sparse unmixing approach with noise removal

In sparse hyperspectral unmixing, regularization methods inevitably suffer from the "decision ahead of solution" issue concerning the regularization parameter, which is not conducive to practical applications. To settle this issue, a two-phase multiobjective sparse unmixing (Tp-MoSU) approach has been proposed recently. However, Tp-MoSU has limited performance on high noise data and uses little spatial-contextual information in estimating abundances. To address the first problem, a tri-objective optimization model is established for each of the two phases to model mixed additive noise automatically. To address the second problem, a dual spatial exploiting objective is specially designed in the second phase to exploit similarity among adjacent pixels, which can improve the quality of estimated abundances. In addition, the memetic based evolutionary algorithms are elaborately modified for each of the two phases for better convergence. The experimental results on several representative data sets demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than Tp-MoSU in both of the two phases and completely better than some advanced regularization algorithms in abundance estimation under mixed additive noise.
Augmented Reality Glasses and Head-Mounted Display Devices in Healthcare

Augmented Realty (AR) technology has a significant contribution in healthcare sector by offering valuable solutions the last two decades. The aim of this paper is to investigate the implementations of Augmented Reality technologies in healthcare, which include wearable devices such as AR Glasses and Optical Head-Mounted Display Devices (OHMD), by searching the international scientific literature. Relevant studies were retrieved online from scientific databases using keywords related to Augmented Reality in healthcare. The results indicate the numerous applications of these technologies in healthcare procedures, like diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, as well as in the education of healthcare professionals. The international scientific community encourages the usage of the AR wearable technologies like AR glasses in Healthcare.
Examining the Role of Neighborhood-Level Foreclosure in Smoking and Alcohol Use Among Older Adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

The US Great Recession resulted in an alarming number of home foreclosures that weakened the social and physical environment of thousands of neighborhoods. Few studies have evaluated whether these neighborhood changes were related to changes in individual behaviors. We examined the relationship between changes in neighborhood-level home foreclosure within a quarter-mile (0.4-km) buffer of the residence and changes in cigarette smoking and alcohol use among 3,807 adults enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis during 2005-2012, using econometric individual-level fixed-effects models. Increases in neighborhood-level foreclosure were associated with small decreases in the number of cigarettes smoked per day (mean difference = -0.08, 95% confidence interval: -0.11, -0.04) and small increases in the number of alcoholic beverages consumed per week (mean difference = 0.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.05, 0.17). Neighborhood-level foreclosure may not uniformly influence high-risk behaviors. The impact of home foreclosure on adult drinking should be further explored, given its potentially negative implications for health.
Variation in competence for ZIKV transmission by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Mexico

Background ZIKV is a new addition to the arboviruses circulating in the New World, with more than 1 million cases since its introduction in 2015. A growing number of studies have reported vector competence (VC) of Aedes mosquitoes from several areas of the world for ZIKV transmission. Some studies have used New World mosquitoes from disparate regions and concluded that these have a variable but relatively low competence for the Asian lineage of ZIKV. Methodology/Principal findings Ten Aedes aegypti (L) and three Ae. albopictus (Skuse) collections made in 2016 from throughout Mexico were analyzed for ZIKV (PRVABC59—Asian lineage) VC. Mexican Ae. aegypti had high rates of midgut infection (MIR), dissemination (DIR) and salivary gland infection (SGIR) but low to moderate transmission rates (TR). It is unclear whether this low TR was due to heritable salivary gland escape barriers or to underestimating the amount of virus in saliva due to the loss of virus during filtering and random losses on surfaces when working with small volumes. VC varied among collections, geographic regions and whether the collection was made north or south of the Neovolcanic axis (NVA). The four rates were consistently lower in northeastern Mexico, highest in collections along the Pacific coast and intermediate in the Yucatan. All rates were lowest north of the NVA. It was difficult to assess VC in Ae. albopictus because rates varied depending upon the number of generations in the laboratory. Conclusions/Significance Mexican Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are competent vectors of ZIKV. There is however large variance in vector competence among geographic sites and regions. At 14 days post infection, TR varied from 8–51% in Ae. aegypti and from 2–26% in Ae. albopictus.
Alterations in brain microstructure in rats that develop abnormal aggression following peripubertal stress

Exposure to early adversity is implicated in the development of aggressive behaviour later in life in some but not all individuals. The reasons for the variability in response to such experiences are not clear but may relate to pre‐existing individual differences that influence their downstream effects. Applying structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to a rat model of abnormal aggression induced by peripubertal stress, we examined whether individual differences in the development of an aggressive phenotype following stress exposure were underpinned by variation in the structure of aggression‐associated, corticolimbic brain regions. We also assessed whether responsiveness of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis to stress was associated with neurobehavioural outcome following adversity. A subset of the rats exposed to peripubertal stress developed an aggressive phenotype, while the remaining rats were affected in other behavioural domains, such as increased anxiety‐like behaviours and reduced sociability. Peripubertal stress led to changes in tissue microstructure within prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampal formation only in those individuals displaying an aggressive phenotype. Attenuated glucocorticoid response to stress during juvenility predicted the subsequent development of an aggressive phenotype in peripubertal stress‐exposed rats. Our study establishes a link between peripubertal stress exposure in rats and structural deviations in brain regions linked to abnormal aggression and points towards low glucocorticoid responsiveness to stress as a potential underlying mechanism. We additionally highlight the importance of considering individual differences in behavioural response to stress when determining neurobiological correlates.
Enhancing the experience of multiplayer shooter games via advanced lag compensation

In multiplayer shooter games, lag compensation is used to mitigate the effects of network latency, or lag. Traditional lag compensation (TLC), however, introduces an inconsistency known as "shot behind covers" (SBC), especially to less lagged players. A few recent games ameliorate this problem by compensating only players with lag below a certain limit. This forces sufficiently lagged players to aim ahead of their targets, which is difficult and unrealistic. In this paper, we present a novel advanced lag compensation (ALC) algorithm. Based on TLC, this new algorithm retains the benefits of lag compensation but without compromising less lagged players or compensating only certain players. To evaluate ALC, we have invited players to play an FPS game we build from scratch and answer questions after each match. Comparing with TLC, ALC reduces the number of SBC by 94.1%, and a significant drop in the number of SBC reported by players during matches (p < .05) and the perceived SBC frequency collected at the end of each match (p < .05). ALC and TLC also share a similar hit registration accuracy (p = .158 and p = .18) and responsiveness (p = .317).
A Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly Accurate Reference Energies and Benchmarks.

Striving to define very accurate vertical transition energies, we perform both high-level coupled cluster (CC) calculations (up to CCSDTQP) and selected configuration interaction (sCI) calculations (up to several millions of determinants) for 18 small compounds (water, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, hydrogen chloride, dinitrogen, carbon monoxide, acetylene, ethylene, formaldehyde, methanimine, thioformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, cyclopropene, diazomethane, formamide, ketene, nitrosomethane, and the smallest streptocyanine). By systematically increasing the order of the CC expansion, the number of determinants in the CI expansion as well as the size of the one-electron basis set, we have been able to reach near full CI (FCI) quality transition energies. These calculations are carried out on CC3/ aug-cc-pVTZ geometries, using a series of increasingly large atomic basis sets systematically including diffuse functions. In this way, we define a list of 110 transition energies for states of various characters (valence, Rydberg, n → π*, π → π*, singlet, triplet, etc.) to be used as references for further calculations. Benchmark transition energies are provided at the aug-cc-pVTZ level as well as with additional basis set corrections, in order to obtain results close to the complete basis set limit. These reference data are used to benchmark a series of 12 excited-state wave function methods accounting for double and triple contributions, namely ADC(2), ADC(3), CIS(D), CIS(D∞), CC2, STEOM-CCSD, CCSD, CCSDR(3), CCSDT-3, CC3, CCSDT. , and CCSDTQ. It turns out that CCSDTQ yields a negligible difference with the extrapolated CI values with a mean absolute error as small as 0.01 eV, whereas the coupled cluster approaches including iterative triples are also very accurate (mean absolute error of 0.03 eV). Consequently, CCSDT-3 and CC3 can be used to define reliable benchmarks. This observation does not hold for ADC(3) that delivers quite large errors for this set of small compounds, with a clear tendency to overcorrect its second-order version, ADC(2). Finally, we discuss the possibility to use basis set extrapolation approaches so as to tackle more easily larger compounds.
Cardea: context-aware visual privacy protection for photo taking and sharing

The growing popularity of mobile and wearable devices with built-in cameras and social media sites are now threatening people's visual privacy. Motivated by recent user studies that people's visual privacy concerns are closely related to context, we propose Cardea, a context-aware visual privacy protection mechanism that protects people's visual privacy in photos according to their privacy preferences. We define four context elements in a photo, including location, scene, others' presences, and hand gestures. Users can specify their context-dependent privacy preferences based on the above four elements. Cardea will offer fine-grained visual privacy protection service to those who request protection using their identifiable information. We present how Cardea can be integrated into: a) privacy-protecting camera apps, where captured photos will be processed before being saved locally; and b) online social media and networking sites, where uploaded photos will first be examined to protect individuals' visual privacy, before they become visible to others. Our evaluation results on an implemented prototype demonstrate that Cardea is effective with 86% overall accuracy and is welcomed by users, showing promising future of context-aware visual privacy protection for photo taking and sharing.
Atrial fibrillation in an African‐American cohort: The Jackson Heart Study

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important public health problem across race/ethnic groups. Data from US cohort studies initiated in the 1980s suggest a higher prevalence of AF risk factors among African‐Americans (AAs) than whites, but lower AF incidence. The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) is a community‐based study of 5306 AAs recruited starting in 2000.
Intense White Molecular Fluorescence from Naphthoxazole‐Quinoline Derivatives

Naphthoxazole derivatives are small heterocyclic compounds endowed with outstanding fluorescence properties. In this work, we report a detailed study of the intense white light fluorescence observed in naphthoxazole‐quinoline dyads in solvent mixtures including at least a strong hydrogen bonding solvent. The same phenomenon was also studied in inclusion complexes naphthoxazole derivatives—sulfonated‐βCD either in aqueous solution as well as in solid phase. A novel mechanism of white molecular fluorescence generation based on solvent‐to‐fluorophore proton transfer facilitated by ground state hydrogen bonding was characterized. The emission combines both, a blue charge transfer fluorescence emitted by the locally excited singlet state along with a red‐shifted emission from a proton transfer complex.
Delphi Analysis of Science Gaps in the 2015 American Heart Association Cardiac Arrest Guidelines

Background Current cardiac arrest guidelines have limited high‐quality scientific evidence to support recommendations for care. The quality of scientific evidence on which guidelines are based may correlate with improved patient outcomes and meaningful survival. We sought to develop a prioritized list of knowledge gaps in resuscitation to assist researchers, policy makers, and funding agencies in their decision‐making process. Methods and Results A 4‐stage modified Delphi method was used with a panel of cardiac arrest experts. Experts addressed the prompt: “What are the top 3 gaps in knowledge involving cardiac arrest care that should be research priorities for National Institutes of Health/American Heart Association funding to have the greatest impact on public health? ” Knowledge gaps were identified in the initial round, rated in a second round, and rank ordered in the third round, and they underwent final review and consensus (final round). The outcome was 10 knowledge gaps, with prioritization of the top 3 gaps. A total of 61 gaps, with 19 distinct themes, were identified by participants. The 10 knowledge gaps most likely to affect public health identified by the expert panel included, in order, the following: telecommunicator cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemodynamic monitoring for goal‐directed resuscitation, reasons why bystanders fail to respond, optimization of postarrest care, out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest identification and response, individualizing resuscitation strategies, predicting patients at risk, tools for neuroprognostication, optimal airway management, and optimizing educational strategies. Conclusions Ten priorities for cardiac arrest research were identified, but consensus was not reached on the prioritized top 3. Future research should address these gaps to potentially improve resuscitation guideline evidence quality.
Drug Use is Associated with Anti-CD4 IgG-mediated CD4+ T Cell Death and Poor CD4+ T Cell Recovery in Viral-suppressive HIV-infected Individuals Under Antiretroviral Therapy.

BACKGROUND The role and mechanism of drug use or abuse in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)-treated HIV disease are not completely known. METHODS To investigate the impact of drug use on HIV pathogenesis without confounding by HIV replication and ART adherence, we first analyzed the data from our clinical database in 103 HIV+ subjects with viral-suppressed ART treatment by a multiple regression test. RESULTS We found that HIV+ drug users had lower CD4+ T cell counts but higher CD8+ T cell counts compared to HIV+ non-drug users, and both drug use and nadir CD4+ T cell counts was independently associated with CD4+ T cell recovery after controlling for sex and age. Next, we enrolled individuals from four study groups, HIV-negative and HIV+ subjects without any substance use, HIV-negative and HIV+ subjects with current illicit drug use (either non-injection cocaine or cannabis). All HIV+ subjects were viral-suppressed with ART treatment (≥ 2 years). Notably, HIV+ drug users had increased plasma anti-CD4 IgG levels compared to the other three study groups which were inversely correlated with decreased CD4+ T cell counts only in HIV+ drug users. There was a significant increase in CD4+ T cell recovery following ART in HIV+ non-drug users but not in HIV+ drug users. Anti-CD4 IgGs purified from plasma of HIV+ drug users induced CD4+ T cell death in vitro through Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity (ADCC). CONCLUSION These results suggest that drug use prevents immune reconstitution in HIV-infected individuals despite long-term ART treatment and viral suppression.
The N-terminal region of photocleavable peptides that bind HLA-DR1 determines the kinetics of fragment release

Major Histocompatibility Complex class II (MHC-II) molecules bind peptides and present them to receptors on CD4+ T cells as part of the immune system’s surveillance of pathogens and malignancy. In the absence of peptide, MHC-II equilibrates between peptide-receptive and peptide-averse conformations. The conversion between these forms has been postulated to be important in regulating cellular antigen presentation but has been difficult to study. In order to generate the MHC-II molecule HLA-DR1 in the peptide-receptive form, we designed and tested a series of photocleavable peptides that included the UV-sensitive 3-amino-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-propionate amino acid analog. They were intended to bind tightly to the HLA-DR1 MHC molecule, but to generate low-affinity fragments after UV exposure that would be released to yield HLA-DR1 in the peptide-receptive conformation. We were able to identify photocleavable peptides that bound tightly to HLA-DR1 and generated the peptide-receptive conformation after UV exposure. However, slow release of photocleaved peptide fragments from the binding site limited the rate of binding of an incoming labeled peptide and complicated kinetic measurements of the individual steps of the overall peptide binding reaction. Modification of the N-terminal region of the photocleavable peptide to reduce MHC-II pocket or H-bonding interactions allowed for generation of the peptide receptive form immediately after UV exposure with peptide fragments neither retained within the site nor interfering with binding of an incoming peptide. However this was achieved only at the expense of a substantial reduction in overall peptide binding affinity, and these peptides had such weak interaction with HLA-DR1 that they were easily exchanged by incoming peptide without UV exposure. These results show that photocleavable peptides can be used to generate peptide-receptive HLA-DR1 and to facilitate peptide exchange in generation of specific peptide-MHC-II complexes, but that usage of these peptides for kinetic studies can be constrained by slow fragment release.
Classification of URL bitstreams using bag of bytes

Protecting users from accessing malicious web sites is one of the important management tasks for network operators. There are many open-source and commercial products to control web sites users can access. The most traditional approach is blacklist-based filtering. This mechanism is simple but not scalable, though there are some enhanced approaches utilizing fuzzy matching technologies. Other approaches try to use machine learning (ML) techniques by extracting features from URL strings. This approach can cover a wider area of Internet web sites, but finding good features requires deep knowledge of trends of web site design. Recently, another approach using deep learning (DL) has appeared. The DL approach will help to extract features automatically by investigating a lot of existing sample data. Using this technique, we can build a flexible filtering decision module by keep teaching the neural network module about recent trends, without any specific expert knowledge of the URL domain. In this paper, we apply a mechanical approach to generate feature vectors from URL strings. We implemented our approach and tested with realistic URL access history data taken from a research organization and data from the famous archive site of phishing site information, PhishTank.com. Our approach achieved 2∼3% better accuracy compared to the existing DL- based approach.
CHP1 reduction ameliorates spinal muscular atrophy pathology by restoring calcineurin activity and endocytosis

Plastin3 is a protective modifier of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Janzen et al. report that CHP1 interacts directly with plastin3, and that CHP1 suppression reduces SMA pathology in cellular and animal models by restoring impaired endocytosis. CHP1 suppression holds promise as an SMN-independent component of a combinatorial SMA therapy.
Sogou-QCL: A New Dataset with Click Relevance Label

Data is of vital importance in the development of machine learning technologies. Recently, within the information retrieval field, a number of neural ranking frameworks have been proposed to address the ad-hoc search. These models usually need a large amount of query-document relevance judgments for training. However, obtaining this kind of relevance judgments needs a lot of money and manual effort. To shed light on this problem, researchers seek to use implicit feedback from users of search engines to improve the ranking performance. In this paper, we present a new dataset, Sogou-QCL, which contains 537,366 queries and five kinds of weak relevance labels for over 12 million query-document pairs. We apply Sogou-QCL dataset to train recent neural ranking models and show its potential to serve as weak supervision for ranking. We believe that Sogou-QCL will have a broad impact on corresponding areas.