Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NMR spin trapping: Detection of free radical reactions using a phosphorus‐containing nitrone spin trap

This study employs 31P‐nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to probe for changes in molecular structure arising from reactions between free radicals and a phosphorus‐containing nitrone spin trap, 5‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐5‐methyl‐1‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (DEPMPO). A number of biologically relevant free radical reactions were detected: a) reactions of DEPMPO with ⋅OH resulted in a new 31P‐NMR resonance at 27.05 ppm (shifted from the parent compound at 23.67 ppm); evidence suggests that this species is a diamagnetic hydroxy‐pyrrolidone reduction product; b) 31P‐NMR spectra of DEPMPO/⋅CH3 reactions resulted in peaks at 24.54, 30.83, and 32.31 ppm, while DEPMPO/⋅CH2OH produced peaks at 24.05, 30.80 and 32.52 ppm; in the presence of excess ascorbate, only resonances between 30 and 32 ppm were evident, which we have tentatively assigned to the hydroxylamine isomers of their respective adducts; and c) reaction of DEPMPO with O2⋅−, produced by xanthine/xanthine oxidase or stimulated neutrophils, resulted in a single line, indistinguishable from DEPMPO/⋅OH reaction products. We conclude that NMR spin trapping is a useful approach for detecting free radical reaction pathways. It may have future applications for human free radical biology and imaging. Magn Reson Med 42:228–234, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of six protein structures predicted by comparative modeling techniques

The protein structures of six comparative modeling targets were predicted in a procedure that relied on improved energy minimization, without empirical rules, to position all new atoms. The structures of human nucleoside diphosphate kinase NM23‐H2, HPr from Mycoplasma capricolum, 2Fe‐2S ferredoxin from Haloarcula marismortui, eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin (EDN), mouse cellular retinoic acid protein I (CRABP1), and P450eryf were predicted with root mean square deviations on Cα atoms of 0.69, 0.73, 1.11, 1.48, 1.69, and 1.73 Å, respectively, compared to the target crystal structures. These differences increased as the sequence similarity between the target and parent proteins decreased from about 60 to 20% identity. More residues were predicted than form the common region shared by the two crystal structures. In most cases insertions or deletions between the target and the related protein of known structure were not correctly positioned. One two residue insertion in CRABP1 was predicted in the correct conformation, while a nine residue insertion in EDN was predicted in the correct spatial region, although not in the correct conformation. The positions of common cofactors and their binding sites were predicted correctly, even when overall sequence similarity was low. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Novel Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine: Results from the First Study of the Vaccine Dose Range in Humans

ABSTRACT Merck V710 is a novel vaccine containing the conserved Staphylococcus aureus iron surface determinant B shown to be protective in animal models. A phase I, multicenter, double-blind study of the dose range was conducted to assess the immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted liquid formulation of V710. A total of 124 adults (18 to 55 years of age) were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive one 0.5-ml intramuscular injection of V710 (5 μg, 30 μg, or 90 μg) or saline placebo. A positive immune response was defined as at least a 2-fold increase in IsdB-specific IgG levels from baseline levels. Local and systemic adverse events were assessed for 5 and 14 days, respectively, following vaccination. Positive immune responses were detected in 12 (67%) of the 18 subjects in the groups receiving 30 and 90 μg V710 tested at day 10. At day 14, a significantly greater proportion of subjects manifested a positive immune response with higher geometric mean concentrations in the V710 30-μg (86%; geometric mean concentration of 116 μg/ml) and 90-μg (87%; geometric mean concentration of 131 μg/ml) dose groups than in the V710 5-μg (29%; geometric mean concentration of 51 μg/ml) or placebo (4%; geometric mean concentration of 23 μg/ml) groups. Immune responses were durable through day 84. Subjects <40 and ≥40 years of age had comparable immune responses. The most common adverse events were injection-site pain, nausea, fatigue, and headache, usually of mild intensity. No immediate reactions or serious adverse events were reported. In this first study of V710 in humans, a single 30-μg or 90-μg dose was more immunogenic than the 5-μg dose or placebo. Immune responses were evident by 10 to 14 days after vaccination in most responders.
An Effective Intrusion Detection Classifier Using Long Short-Term Memory with Gradient Descent Optimization

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the important issues in network security. IDSs are built to detect both known and unknown malicious attacks. Several machine learning algorithms are used widely in IDS such as neural network, SVM, KNN etc. However, these algorithms have still some limitations such as high false positive and false alarm rate. In this paper, our contribution is to build a classifier of IDS following deep learning approach. We find the most suitable optimizer among six optimizes for Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM RNN) model applied in IDS. Through our experiments, we found that LSTM RNN model with Nadam optimizer outperforms to previous works. We demonstrate our approach is really efficiency to intrusion detection with accuracy is 97.54%, detection rate is 98.95%, and false alarm rate is reasonable with 9.98%.
Dual polarized complementary antenna for LTE

A dual polarized antenna was proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna operates from 690 MHz to 960 MHz (BW for return loss <; 10dB = 32.7 %). 25dB of isolation and 8.5dBi of maximum gain were achieved. Stable radiation patterns were obtained throughout the operating frequency bandwidth. The antenna can be used for LTE communication system.
Field portable XRF analysis of environmental samples

One of the critical factors for successfully conducting contamination characterization, removal, and remedial operations at hazardous waste sites is rapid and appropriate response to analyze samples in a timely fashion. Turnaround time associated with off-site analysis is often too slow to support efficient utilization of the data. Field portable X-ray fluorescence (FPXRF) techniques provide viable and effective analytical approaches to meet on-site analysis needs for many types of environmental samples. Applications include the in situ analysis of metals in soils and sediments, thin films/particulates, and lead in paint. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TEXTILE EFFLUENT AND DECOLORIZATION OF TEXTILE AZO DYE BY BACILLUS ENDOPHYTICUS STRAIN VITABR 13

The physicochemical characterization of the textile industry effluent collected from Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu,India was been carried out and the results showed high rates of temperature ( 40°C ), pH (7.51) and Electrical Conductivity (9565 μmhos/cm), Biological Oxygen Demand (275 mgl -1 ), Chemical Oxygen Demand (789 mgl -1 ), Total Suspended Solids (1750 mgl -1 ), Total Dissolved Solids (5875mg l -1 ), heavy metal ions, Total hardness ( Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Cl & SO4 2) and colour over the prescribed fresh water limits. A potential bacterial strain(VITABR13) was isolated and selected from the textile effluent on the basis of rapid azo dye Acid Red 128(100mgl -1 )decolorization and later identified as belonging to genus Bacillus based on Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rRNA gene sequence. Effects of physicochemical parameters (pH, Temperature, Carbon and Nitrogen sources) on the Acid Red 128 decolorization by the selected bacterium were studied. Decolorization was effective at pH 8, 35°C with starch and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources and in static conditions. This decolorization potential increased the applicability of this microorganism for the dye removal. _____________________________________________________
The Role of Cognitions in OCD Treatment: Toward Rapprochement

The authors of the papers in this special issue have underscored the efficacy of both psychological and pharmacological treatments for OCD. Despite the potency of these interventions, complete symptom remission rarely occurs. Furthermore, problems related to treatment drop‐out, the persistence of residual symptoms despite adequate therapy, patients' vulnerability to relapse and recurrence, and the lack of a clear method for managing co‐morbidity or treating OCD subtypes remain incompletely addressed. This response to the authors' papers evaluates their positions and extends their papers by examining issues such as how cognitive therapy and exposure and response prevention can best be integrated, the role of medication in OCD treatment, factors that impact treatment readiness and/or resistance, and the need for effectiveness research.
Peripheral muscle weakness in COPD: where does it come from?

Do patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD have a more rapid rate of decline in quadriceps strength than those with stable disease? Exertional dyspnoea is usually the main complaint of a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although this is partly a result of impaired pulmonary mechanics, exercise performance remains substantially reduced even if both lungs are replaced,1 which suggests that the lungs alone cannot explain exertional dyspnoea. Quadriceps myopathy is a feature of COPD. Histological examination of quadriceps biopsy tissues shows a switch towards fatiguable type II fibres2 and reduced oxidative enzymes. This in turn leads to anaerobic metabolism at lower work rates than in normal subjects.3 Lactic acid, generated as a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, is buffered by bicarbonate with the generation of carbon dioxide. Patients with severe COPD cannot clear carbon dioxide by increasing their ventilation and thus treadmill walking may result in transient hypercapnia and acidosis.4 It is perhaps not surprising therefore that quadriceps weakness is demonstrably related to the utilisation of healthcare resources.5 The magnitude of quadriceps weakness is related to disease severity,6 but there is wide variation for a given forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and a number of competing (though not mutually exclusive) theories have been proposed as contributors to quadriceps muscle weakness in COPD. The most …
Impact of a cardiovascular risk control project for South Asians (Khush Dil) on motivation, behaviour, obesity, blood pressure and lipids.

BACKGROUND Khush Dil was set up in Edinburgh in 2002 to manage cardiovascular risk factors in South Asians. We assessed its impact in an in-service evaluation. METHODS Between June 2002 and July 2004, 304 South Asians attended health visitor led screening clinics. Measurements included self-report, anthropometry, blood pressure and blood tests. A total 140 subjects attended follow-up screening (henceforth returnees). The outcomes relate to them. RESULTS In most respects, including ethnicity, family history, medical history and motivational stage, returnees were similar to the non-returnees, but were a little older and were more likely to be women. Between baseline and return visits, returnees reported an increased motivational status (those in the action stage of change increased from 12 to 28%) and increased physical activity (e.g. 45% of women reported improvement at follow-up). Returnees had reduced their risk factor profiles at follow-up in a range of risk factors, e.g. reduction in cholesterol (0.19 mmol/l; 95% CL, 0.1-0.37), in diastolic and systolic blood pressures (3.15 and 3.7 mmHg, respectively) and in weight (0.61 kg; 95% CL, 0.22-1.02). CONCLUSIONS The Khush Dil Project had an impact as indicated by self-report, physical measures and laboratory tests. Such initiatives now need evaluation for cost-effectiveness. Cluster randomized controlled trials warrant consideration.
Detection of genetically modified organisms in soy products sold in Turkish market

PCR-based technique for GMO detection is the most reliable choice because of its high sensitivity and specificity. As a candidate of the European union, Turkey must comply with the rules for launching into the market, traceability, and labeling of GMOs as established by Eu legislation. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess soybean products in the Turkish market to verify compliance with legislation using qualitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay to detect the presence of GM soybean and to quantify its amount of GM soybean in the samples tested positive using real-time PCR. DNA extracted by the modified CTAB method was properly used for PCR amplification of food materials. The amplification of a 118 bp DNA fragment of the lectin gene from soybean by PCR was successfully achieved in all samples. The GMO screening was based on the detection of 35S promoter and NOS terminator sequences. The GM positive samples were subjected to detection of Roundup Ready TM soybean (RR) using quantitative real-time PCR. It was found that 100% of the tested food samples contained less than 0.1 per cent of EPSPS gene.
Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature

A maximum delay between blood collection and coagulation testing of 4 hours is recommended by most guidelines. As information on optimal storage times is limited, we investigated the potential effect of different storage times of unspun tubes, that is, ≤2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, on routine coagulation test results.
Therapy innovation for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Introduction : Traditional therapeutic approaches for patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have included treatment with somatostatin analogs, hepatic-directed therapies, interferon and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Current knowledge about biological behavior of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has increased in the last decade, and some studies have been conducted to translate in the clinical setting. Among several molecular agents investigated in patients with progressive pNETs, everolimus and sunitinib have been studied in large Phase III trials. Both have produced significant benefit, with improvement in progression-free survival. These results were published last year by NEJM and were updated at the ASCO Annual Meeting in June 2011. Areas covered : This review focuses on the potential molecular targets in pancreatic NETs in the light of recent advances. Furthermore, it summarizes the available data for targeted agents from Phase II and III trials open to patients with this tumor. Expert opinion : These new agents are likely to play an increasingly important role in the future management of advanced pNETs. Their use in earlier phases of the disease could improve clinical outcome, avoiding side effects of the more toxic chemotherapy. The challenge in medical treatment of pNET is to define the patients who can benefit from this innovative therapy; future research should be directed to find predictive markers for response to the targeted agent.
Novel Synthetic Biscoumarins Target Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Vitro and in Vivo*

Background: TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway is associated with the progression of several cancers and abrogation of TNF signaling a potential target for cancer treatment. Results: Novel biscoumarin inhibits TNF signaling in vitro and in vivo in IBD model. Conclusion: The lead compound interrupts the trimeric structure of TNF to achieve this effect. Significance: This study introduces a novel TNF inhibitor with the potential to target pro-inflammatory diseases. TNF is a pleotropic cytokine known to be involved in the progression of several pro-inflammatory disorders. Many therapeutic agents have been designed to counteract the effect of TNF in rheumatoid arthritis as well as a number of cancers. In the present study we have synthesized and evaluated the anti-cancer activity of novel biscoumarins in vitro and in vivo. Among new compounds, BIHC was found to be the most cytotoxic agent against the HepG2 cell line while exhibiting less toxicity toward normal hepatocytes. Furthermore, BIHC inhibited the proliferation of various hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Subsequently, using in silico target prediction, BIHC was predicted as a TNF blocker. Experimental validation was able to confirm this hypothesis, where BIHC could significantly inhibit the recombinant mouse TNF-α binding to its antibody with an IC50 of 16.5 μm. Furthermore, in silico docking suggested a binding mode of BIHC similar to a ligand known to disrupt the native, trimeric structure of TNF, and also validated with molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, we have demonstrated the down-regulation of p65 phosphorylation and other NF-κB-regulated gene products upon BIHC treatment, and on the phenotypic level the compound shows inhibition of CXCL12-induced invasion of HepG2 cells. Also, we demonstrate that BIHC inhibits infiltration of macrophages to the peritoneal cavity and suppresses the activity of TNF-α in vivo in mice primed with thioglycollate broth and lipopolysaccharide. We comprehensively validated the TNF-α inhibitory efficacy of BIHC in an inflammatory bowel disease mice model.
AN ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS OF HETEROLOGOUS VASCULAR ORIGIN.

The PREPARATION of an acceptable biological arterial graft is based on an understanding of the physical properties of the various tissue components of the arterial wall,1and on an analysis of the reasons for failure of arterial heterografts and homografts as vascular substitutes.2 Arterial heterografts either are nonviable at the time of insertion or die shortly thereafter, and their ability to withstand pulsatile arterial pressures without disruption depends on the duration of their structural integrity and the extent to which they are invaded or enveloped by supporting host collagenous tissue. Such invasion is rendered difficult and often delayed by an inflammatory reaction to necrotic cellular and smooth muscle elements and by the prior need of the host to debride the graft of such reactive dead tissue. If the rate of infiltration or encasement by host connective tissue is rapid and early, the supported mummified heterograft may avoid rupture,
The Type IX Secretion System Is Required for Virulence of the Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare

ABSTRACT Flavobacterium columnare, a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, causes columnaris disease in wild and aquaculture-reared freshwater fish. The mechanisms responsible for columnaris disease are not known. Many members of the phylum Bacteroidetes use type IX secretion systems (T9SSs) to secrete enzymes, adhesins, and proteins involved in gliding motility. The F. columnare genome has all of the genes needed to encode a T9SS. gldN, which encodes a core component of the T9SS, was deleted in wild-type strains of F. columnare. The F. columnare ΔgldN mutants were deficient in the secretion of several extracellular proteins and lacked gliding motility. The ΔgldN mutants exhibited reduced virulence in zebrafish, channel catfish, and rainbow trout, and complementation restored virulence. PorV is required for the secretion of a subset of proteins targeted to the T9SS. An F. columnare ΔporV mutant retained gliding motility but exhibited reduced virulence. Cell-free spent media from exponentially growing cultures of wild-type and complemented strains caused rapid mortality, but spent media from ΔgldN and ΔporV mutants did not, suggesting that soluble toxins are secreted by the T9SS. IMPORTANCE Columnaris disease, caused by F. columnare, is a major problem for freshwater aquaculture. Little is known regarding the virulence factors produced by F. columnare, and control measures are limited. Analysis of targeted gene deletion mutants revealed the importance of the type IX protein secretion system (T9SS) and of secreted toxins in F. columnare virulence. T9SSs are common in members of the phylum Bacteroidetes and likely contribute to the virulence of other animal and human pathogens.
Hck Tyrosine Kinase Regulates TLR4-Induced TNF and IL-6 Production via AP-1

The TLRs play a key role in host defense against infection and injury, and mounting evidence suggests that these receptors may also play a role in diseases such autoimmunity, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Activation of TLRs on macrophages results in the production of multiple soluble mediators including the key inflammatory cytokines, TNF and IL-6. Thus, the intracellular signaling mechanism by which TLRs signal is a subject of great interest. As well as activating the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, TLR engagement leads to tyrosine kinase activation within minutes. Src family kinases (SFKs) are the largest nonreceptor tyrosine kinase family with nine members: Src, Hck, Lyn, Fyn, Fgr, Blk, Lck, Yes, and Ylk. The role of the SFKs in TLR signaling has been an area of much controversy, with conflicting findings between studies using chemical inhibitors and knockout mice. Using primary human macrophages in combination with adenoviral overexpression and small interfering RNA knockdown studies, we show that the SFK, Hck, has a pre-eminent role in LPS/TLR4-induced TNF and IL-6 production. Hck kinase mediates TLR4-induced transcription of both TNF and IL-6 by a mechanism that involves neither the NF-κB nor the MAPK pathways, but rather leads to AP-1 binding with a complex of c-fos and JunD. These data highlight the importance of Hck as an active component in LPS-induced TLR signaling and suggest the possibility of targeting this kinase for the alleviation of excessive inflammation.
Crystal structure of tetrakis(μ-N-phenylacetamidato)-κ4 N:O;κ4 O:N-bis[(2-methylbenzonitrile-κN)rhodium(II)](Rh—Rh)

The complex molecule of the title compound, [Rh2{N(C6H5)COCH3}4(C8H7N)2], exhibits inversion symmetry. The four acetamidate ligands bridging the dirhodium core are arranged in a 2,2-trans manner with two N atoms and two O atoms coordinating to each RhII atom trans to one another. The Neq—Rh—Rh—Oeq torsion angles on the acetamidate bridge vary between −4.07 (5) and −6.78 (7)°. The axial nitrile ligands complete the distorted octahedral coordination sphere of each RhII atom and show a nonlinear coordination with Rh—N—C bond angles of 151.6 (3) and 152.5 (3)°. The bond lengths of the two nitrile triple bonds are 1.133 (5) and 1.137 (5) Å.
Multi-objective optimal design of rectangular symmetric double-ridge waveguide

In view of the current problems of Waveguide structure designing by experiences of engineering project, this paper proposed a multi-objective fuzzy optimal strategy based on the research of Characteristic parameters of rectangular symmetrical double Ridge waveguide. It takes the cut-off wavelength (COW), single-mode bandwidth (SMB), attenuation factor (AF), power-handling capacity (PHC) and characteristic impedance (CI) as objectives to optimize the design of the waveguide by fuzzy optimization algorithm. As the experiments proved, the results have good integrated transmission characteristics. Numerical results provide design data for the application of rectangular symmetric double-ridge waveguide in microwave systems.