Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Image Classification Techniques for Memory-Constrained Devices

Convolutional Neural Networks, or CNNs, are the state of the art for image classification, but typically come at the cost of a large memory footprint. This limits their usefulness in applications relying on embedded devices, where memory is often a scarce resource. Recently, there has been significant progress in the field of image classification on such memory-constrained devices, with novel contributions like the ProtoNN, Bonsai and FastGRNN algorithms. These have been shown to reach up to 98.2% accuracy on optical character recognition using MNIST-10, with a memory footprint as little as 6KB. However, their potential on more complex multi-class and multi-channel image classification has yet to be determined. In this paper, we compare CNNs with ProtoNN, Bonsai and FastGRNN when applied to 3-channel image classification using CIFAR-10. For our analysis, we use the existing Direct Convolution algorithm to implement the CNNs memory-optimally and propose new methods of adjusting the FastGRNN model to work with multi-channel images. We extend the evaluation of each algorithm to a memory size budget of 8KB, 16KB, 32KB, 64KB and 128KB to show quantitatively that Direct Convolution CNNs perform best for all chosen budgets, with a top performance of 65.7% accuracy at a memory footprint of 58.23KB.
Studies on the Metabolism of Astaxanthin in the Rainbow Trout ( Salmo gairdneri )

Racemic astaxanthin was fed to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) for 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The fish showed a bright pink coloration of the skin and flesh; the highest amount of astaxanthin (162 ug/lOOg) was found in the skin of fish fed the t est diet for six weeks. Lutein, }-epilutein, and zeaxanthin were also dete~ted in the flesh and skin; it was concluded that astaxanthin was ' converted to zeaxanthin in the skin. The mean vitamin A content of the liver was determined; the ratio of vitamin A1 :vitamin A2 was approximately 1:3. There was no signifi ca nt difference in the vitamin A content of the contro l and experimental fish; this proves that astaxanthin was not functioning as a vitamin A precursor in vitamin-A-rich rainbow trout. Retinol and 3, 4-dehydroretinol were extracted from the intestine of rainbow trout low in vitamin A, after force feeding with astaxanthin using a feeding tube. Antibiotic-treated fish had no marked difference in vitamin A content compared with a control group that received no antibiotic. This proves that astaxanthin was converted to vitamin A in . fish depleted of vitamin A, that microorganisms were not involved in the conversion, and that conversion occurred in the intestine. An in vitro study using 3H 3 S , 3 s' a s t a x a n t h i n i n c u b a t e d w i t h duodenal and ileal segments of the intestine provided HPLC and radioisotope data, which showed that rainbow trout were able to bioconvert astaxanthin to vitamin A. The results confirmed earlier observations.
What Was Written vs. Who Read It: News Media Profiling Using Text Analysis and Social Media Context

Predicting the political bias and the factuality of reporting of entire news outlets are critical elements of media profiling, which is an understudied but an increasingly important research direction. The present level of proliferation of fake, biased, and propagandistic content online has made it impossible to fact-check every single suspicious claim, either manually or automatically. Thus, it has been proposed to profile entire news outlets and to look for those that are likely to publish fake or biased content. This makes it possible to detect likely “fake news” the moment they are published, by simply checking the reliability of their source. From a practical perspective, political bias and factuality of reporting have a linguistic aspect but also a social context. Here, we study the impact of both, namely (i) what was written (i.e., what was published by the target medium, and how it describes itself in Twitter) vs. (ii) who reads it (i.e., analyzing the target medium’s audience on social media). We further study (iii) what was written about the target medium (in Wikipedia). The evaluation results show that what was written matters most, and we further show that putting all information sources together yields huge improvements over the current state-of-the-art.
Deep Residual Network based food recognition for enhanced Augmented Reality application

Deep neural network based learning approaches is widely utilized for image classification or object detection based problems with remarkable outcomes. Realtime Object state estimation of objects can be used to track and estimate the features that the object of the current frame possesses without causing any significant delay and misclassification. A system that can detect the features of such objects in the present state from camera images can be used to enhance the application of Augmented Reality for improving user experience and delivering information in a much perceptual way. The focus behind this paper is to determine the most suitable model to create a low-latency assistance AR to aid users by providing them nutritional information about the food that they consume in order to promote healthier life choices. Hence the dataset has been collected and acquired in such a manner, and we conduct various tests in order to identify the most suitable DNN in terms of performance and complexity and establish a system that renders such information realtime to the user.
Radiomics of Multiparametric MRI to Predict Biochemical Recurrence of Localized Prostate Cancer After Radiation Therapy

Background: To identify multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI)-based radiomics features as prognostic factors in patients with localized prostate cancer after radiotherapy. Methods:From 2011 to 2016, a total of 91 consecutive patients with T1-4N0M0 prostate cancer were identified and divided into two cohorts for an adaptive boosting (Adaboost) model (training cohort: n = 73; test cohort: n = 18). All patients were treated with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy followed by radiotherapy. The optimal feature set, identified through an Inception-Resnet v2 network, consisted of a combination of T1, T2, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MR series. Through a Wilcoxon sign rank test, a total of 45 distinct signatures were extracted from 1,536 radiomics features and used in our Adaboost model. Results:Among 91 patients, 29 (32%) were classified as biochemical recurrence (BCR) and 62 (68%) as non-BCR. Once trained, the model demonstrated a predictive classification accuracy of 50.0 and 86.1% respectively for BCR and non-BCR groups on our test samples. The overall classification accuracy of the test cohort was 74.1%. The highest classification accuracy was 77.8% between three-fold cross-validation. The areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) indices for the training and test cohorts were 0.99 and 0.73, respectively. Conclusion:The potential of multiparametric MRI-based radiomics to predict the BCR of localized prostate cancer patients was demonstrated in this manuscript. This analysis provided additional prognostic factors based on routine MR images and holds the potential to contribute to precision medicine and inform treatment management.
Childhood Maltreatment and Mobile Phone Addiction Among Chinese Adolescents: Loneliness as a Mediator and Self-Control as a Moderator

Previous studies have found that childhood maltreatment is an important risk predictor of adolescent mobile phone addiction (MPA). However, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association. Grounded in the Basic Psychological Needs Theory and the organism-environment interaction model, this study examined the mediating effect of loneliness and the moderating effect of self-control in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adolescent MPA. A total of 981 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.68 years, SD = 0.92) completed measures regarding childhood maltreatment, MPA, loneliness, and self-control. After controlling for participants’ demographic variables, loneliness partially mediated the relation between childhood maltreatment and adolescent MPA and this indirect path was moderated by self-control. Specifically, the effect of loneliness on MPA was stronger for adolescents with lower self-control than for those with higher self-control. Our research provides additional evidence for the negative association between childhood maltreatment and MPA.
Special Report: The Biology of Inequalities in Health: The Lifepath Consortium

Funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 programme, the Lifepath research consortium aimed to investigate the effects of socioeconomic inequalities on the biology of healthy aging. The main research questions included the impact of inequalities on health, the role of behavioral and other risk factors, the underlying biological mechanisms, the efficacy of selected policies, and the general implications of our findings for theories and policies. The project adopted a life-course and comparative approach, considering lifetime effects from childhood and adulthood, and pooled data on up to 1.7 million participants of longitudinal cohort studies from Europe, USA, and Australia. These data showed that socioeconomic circumstances predicted mortality and functional decline as strongly as established risk factors currently targeted by global prevention programmes. Analyses also looked at socioeconomically patterned biological markers, allostatic load, and DNA methylation using richly phenotyped cohorts, unraveling their association with aging processes across the life-course. Lifepath studies suggest that socioeconomic circumstances are embedded in our biology from the outset—i.e., disadvantage influences biological systems from molecules to organs. Our findings have important implications for policy, suggesting that (a) intervening on unfavorable socioeconomic conditions is complementary and as important as targeting well-known risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle, and that (b) effects of preventive interventions in early life integrate interventions in adulthood. The report has an executive summary that refers to the different sections of the main paper.
The Development and Evaluation of a New ASL Text Comprehension Task

Being able to comprehend a language entails not only mastery of its syntax, lexicon, or phonology, but also the ability to use language to construct meaning, draw inferences, and make connections to world knowledge. However, most available assessments of American Sign Language (ASL) focus on mastery of lower level skills, and as a result little is known about development of higher-order ASL comprehension skills. In this paper, we introduce the American Sign Language Text Comprehension Task (ASL-CMP), a new assessment tool to measure ASL text comprehension ability in deaf children. We first administered the task to a group of deaf children with deaf parents (n = 105, ages 8–18 years) in order to evaluate the reliability and validity of the task, and to develop norms. We found that the ASL-CMP has acceptable levels of internal consistency, difficulty, and discriminability. Next, we administered the task to an additional group of deaf children with hearing parents (n = 251, ages 8–18 years), and found that the ASL-CMP is sensitive to expected patterns: older children have better ASL text comprehension skills, literal questions are generally easier to answer than inferential questions, and children with early exposure to ASL generally outperform those with delayed exposure. We conclude that the ASL-CMP task is reliable and valid and can be used to characterize ASL text comprehension skills in deaf children.
Immune Modulation Properties of Zoledronic Acid on TcRγδ T-Lymphocytes After TcRαβ/CD19-Depleted Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: An analysis on 46 Pediatric Patients Affected by Acute Leukemia

TcRαβ/CD19-cell depleted HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) represents a promising new platform for children affected by acute leukemia in need of an allograft and lacking a matched donor, disease recurrence being the main cause of treatment failure. The use of zoledronic acid to enhance TcRγδ+ lymphocyte function after TcRαβ/CD19-cell depleted haplo-HSCT was tested in an open-label, feasibility, proof-of-principle study. Forty-six children affected by high-risk acute leukemia underwent haplo-HSCT after removal of TcRαβ+ and CD19+ B lymphocytes. No post-transplant pharmacological graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis was given. Zoledronic acid was administered monthly at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose 4 mg), starting from day +20 after transplantation. A total of 139 infusions were administered, with a mean of 3 infusions per patient. No severe adverse event was observed. Common side effects were represented by asymptomatic hypocalcemia and acute phase reactions (including fever, chills, malaise, and/or arthralgia) within 24–48 h from zoledronic acid infusion. The cumulative incidence of acute and chronic GvHD was 17.3% (all grade I-II) and 4.8% (all limited), respectively. Patients given 3 or more infusions of zoledronic acid had a lower incidence of both acute GvHD (8.8 vs. 41.6%, p = 0.015) and chronic GvHD (0 vs. 22.2%, p = 0.006). Transplant-related mortality (TRM) and relapse incidence at 3 years were 4.3 and 30.4%, respectively. Patients receiving repeated infusions of zoledronic acid had a lower TRM as compared to those receiving 1 or 2 administration of the drug (0 vs. 16.7%, p = 0.01). Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the whole cohort were 67.2 and 65.2%, respectively, with a trend toward a better OS for patients receiving 3 or more infusions (73.1 vs. 50.0%, p = 0.05). The probability of GvHD/relapse-free survival was significantly worse in patients receiving 1–2 infusions of zoledonic acid than in those given ≥3 infusions (33.3 vs. 70.6%, respectively, p = 0.006). Multivariable analysis showed an independent positive effect on outcome given by repeated infusions of zoledronic acid (HR 0.27, p = 0.03). These data indicate that the use of zoledronic acid after TcRαβ/CD19-cell depleted haploHSCT is safe and may result in a lower incidence of acute GvHD, chronic GvHD, and TRM.
Clinical and Pathophysiological Insights Into Immunological Mediated Glomerular Diseases in Childhood

The kidney is often the target of immune system dysregulation in the context of primary or systemic disease. In particular, the glomerulus represents the anatomical entity most frequently involved, generally as the expression of inflammatory cell invasion or circulant or in situ immune-complex deposition. Glomerulonephritis is the most common clinical and pathological manifestation of this involvement. There are no universally accepted classifications for glomerulonephritis. However, recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms suggest the assessment of immunological features, biomarkers, and genetic analysis. At the same time, more accurate and targeted therapies have been developed. Data on pediatric glomerulonephritis are scarce and often derived from adult studies. In this review, we update the current understanding of the etiologic events and genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of pediatric immunologically mediated primitive forms of glomerulonephritis, together with the clinical spectrum and prognosis. Possible new therapeutic targets are also briefly discussed.
Coexpression Analysis Reveals Dynamic Modules Regulating the Growth and Development of Cirri in the Rattans (Calamus simplicifolius and Daemonorops jenkinsiana)

Rattan is regarded as one of the major non-timber forest products, second only to wood and bamboo, worldwide. Although the published genomes of Calamus simplicifolius and Daemonorops jenkinsiana have facilitated genome-wide gene functional analyses, coexpression networks (CENs) provide more comprehensive and complete annotations of gene function at the transcriptome level. Thus, we analyzed the CENs of the two rattans, C. simplicifolius and D. jenkinsiana, by integrating the genome sequences and analyzing in-house transcriptome data from different development stages of their cirri using a well-developed strategy. A total of 3,504 and 3,027 functional modules were identified in C. simplicifolius and D. jenkinsiana, respectively, based on a combination of CENs, gene family classification, and function enrichment tools. These modules covered the major developmental processes, including photosynthesis, lignin biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Reference annotations were refined using CENs and functional modules. Moreover, we obtained novel insights into the regulation of cirrus growth and development in rattans. Furthermore, Rattan-NET (http://rattan.bamboogdb.org/), an online database with analysis tools for gene set enrichment analysis, module enrichment, network comparison analysis, and cis-element analysis, was constructed for the easy analysis of gene function and regulation modules involved in the growth and development of cirri in rattans.
Registration of N79-2077-12 and N87-2122-4, Two Soybean Germplasm Lines with Reduced Palmitic Acid in Seed Oil

Two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] lines, N79-2077-12 (Reg. no. GP-154, P1 568260) and N87-2122-4 (Reg. no. GP155, P1 568261) were released in August 1990 and November 1991, respectively, by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. Concentration of palmitic acid in the seed oil of N79-2077-12 is =60 mg goil, and that of N87-2122-4 is =53 mg goil. The palmitic acid concentration in oil of standard cultivars is -100 mg goil. The low-palmitic line N79-2077 was derived from the fifth cycle of a high oleic acid recurrent selection population (2). Parents of this population were P1 90406, P1 92567, and N692774. The parent line N69-2774 is a maintainer line for the male-sterile gene msl (1). It was derived from an outcrossed male-sterile plant that was discovered in a farmer's field. Thus, the genetic origin is unknown. Seed of a single-plant selection from N79-2077 in 1985 was bulked and grown each year from 1986 through 1990. This line was designated N79-2077-12. Assuming no out-crossing occurred in N79-2077 prior to 1985, N79-2077-12 would be an F9-derived line. Average palmitic acid concentration for the four years (1987-1990) was 60 mg g-' oil (Table 1). The low-palmitic line N87-2122-4 is an F6-derived line from a mating between N78-2245 and N79-2077. N78-2245 is a line with normal palmitic acid, increased oleic acid, and reduced linolenic acid levels. Both N78-2245 and N79-2077 were derived from the fifth cycle of the same high-oleic-acid recurrent selection population (2). Average palmitic concentration of N87-2122-4 for the four years (1987-1990) was 53 mg goil (Table 1). The parent, N78-2245, had average palmitic acid levels of 100 mg goil. Compared to N79-2077-12, the seed oil of N87-2122-4 has lower concentrations of palmitic and linolenic acids and a higher concentration of oleic acid (Table 1)N79-2077-12 has white flowers and grey pubescence. Seeds are yellow, with buff hila and shiny seed coat luster. Average seed size is 17.5 g 100-' seeds. In a full-season planting in North Carolina for years 1986 to 1989, its average flowering date (18 July) was 3 d earlier than the standard cultivar Essex. The average maturity date (8 October) was equal to that of Essex. The line, N87-2122-4, has purple flowers and grey pubescence. Seeds are yellow, with buff hila and shiny seed coat. Average seed size is 19.6 g 100 seeds". On full-season planting in North Carolina for the years 1988 to 1990, its average flowering date (14 July) was 6 d earlier than the standard cultivar Essex. The average maturity date (30 September) was 7 d earlier than Essex. Neither line has been tested for yielding ability. Fifty seeds each of N79-2077-12 and N87-2122-4 will be furnished for at least five years on request from the Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7631.
Estimativa de entropia de Muscina stabulans (Fallén) (Diptera, Muscidae) em condições artificiais

Entropy estimation in Muscina stabulans (Fallen) (Diptera, Muscidae) under laboratory conditions. Entropy (H) as a concept in demography was adapted from that of physics to quantify the impact of mortality on life expectancy and to quantitatively demonstrate mortality tendencies in experimental populations. Entropy was estimated for 160 pairs of Muscina stabulans (Fallen, 1817) in a climate-controlled chamber (24.8oC ± 0.6oC, relative humidity 70 - 80%, 12 h photophase). Both sexes had H values intermediate to those theoretically expected (0.0 - 0.5), showing that the survival curve is rectangular. The age-specific mortality distribution shows that mortality affects adults of this species in two ways. First, mortality is higher for 10 days from pupal emergence. Second, mortality again increases between 20-30 days after emergence. Small differences in mortality rates cause a greater overall impact on the survival of females.
The effects of burning forest biomass on the yield of plantain (cv. Ebang, Musa spp. AAB, false horn) after hot-water and boiling-water treatment in southern Cameroon

Plantain grown after forest slash-and-burn raises concerns due to the release of CO2 and the destruction of biodiversity. Plantain yields are presented after forest biomass was burned or retained in combination with sucker sanitation versus traditional planting. Biomass burning did not affect plant crop and total yield. Soil chemical properties were weakly positively affected by burning. Sucker sanitation increased total yield at one site from 6.2 to 9.7 Mg ha−1 (p = 0.015), without effects on root health. In the second site, sucker sanitation had no effect on fresh bunch yield (mean 8.59 Mg ha−1), yet significantly improved root health parameters. Thus, at the first site, sucker sanitation elicited a positive response via a mechanism different from nematode control. At the second site, by contrast, nematode control was not the most important factor in yield formation. These data do not support the notion that retaining biomass increases plantain production. Other factors related to labor requirements and later weed infestation are probably more important in farmers' decision making on biomass management.