Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
German power plants: A market potential for the plant construction sector?

In comparison to past years, investments by the energy utilities for the construction and modernization of power plants has been greatly reduced. For the plant construction sector, the question therefore arises of when it may be expected that this trend will be reversed. Information of the development of the old power plant portfolio and also the forecast on new capacity demand is necessary to answer this question. Analyses show that in the next few years maintenance of power stations will be the major area of business for the power construction sector. As a function of operating life of the old power plant portfolio it may nevertheless be assumed that from the year 2010 at the latest there will be a significant need for construction which will probably represent a great market potential for the plant construction sector.
The relationship between shoulder osteology and glenohumeral axial rotation

The range of motion of the Glenohumeral joint (GHJ) varies between individuals and depends on the position of the humerus. Currently there is limited understanding of the causes of this variation. An improved understanding of the constraints of the GHJ and their influence on the range of motion of the GHJ can be used in the clinical assessment of the shoulder, shoulder rehabilitation and shoulder implant design. This thesis aims to investigate the relationship between the bone geometry of the GHJ and the axial rotational range of the joint. A protocol to measure the maximum internal-external rotation of the GHJ was developed to quantify the axial rotational range of the GHJ during active motion and during passive motion in response to a measured torque. The protocol was used to investigate the effect of plane and elevation angle on the axial rotational range of the GHJ in 30 asymptomatic subjects. The intra-subject, inter-subject, intra-session and inter-session reliabilities of the protocol were quantified. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional bone geometrical parameters acquired from MRI scans of the shoulder were used to describe normal variation in the shape of the GHJ. A linear regression expression was formulated at each humeral position using three geometrical parameters to predict the maximum active and passive internal and external rotations. Segmented MRI scans were used to create a bone model of the subject’s shoulder and collision detection investigated points of bony collision which were likely to limit the subject’s maximum internal and external rotation. Two-dimensional geometrical parameters of the humerus, articular cartilage, glenoid, acromion and coracoid provide an accurate estimate of the maximum internal and external rotation of the GHJ. These parameters and the observed bony constraints from collision detection improve understanding of how the shape of the humerus and scapula at the GHJ affect the range of motion that can be achieved. Different bony constraints at the GHJ lead to changes in the range of motion with humero-thoracic elevation angle and elevation plane; whilst variation in the geometrical parameters between subjects result in differences in the maximum internal and external rotation between individuals.
Salinity and short-term exposure to high temperature altered dead pericarp properties and diminished yield of the crop plant Brassica juncea

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses that lead to loss of crop yield. We investigated the effect of salinity (S), short episodes of high temperature (HS) and combination of S+HS at the reproductive phase on dead pericarps properties and yield of the crop plant Brassica juncea . Three intervals of HS resulted in massive seed abortion; seeds from salt-treated plants germinated poorly. Pericarp extracts of salt-treated plants reduced seed germination of B. juncea ; all pericarp extracts completely inhibited seed germination of tomato and Arabidopsis ; removal of pericarp extracts restored seed germination. HS reduced all metabolites accumulated in dead pericarps, except for upregulation of isomaltose and cellobiose. Salt induced alteration in metabolite levels including increase in proline, reduction in TCA intermediates and changes in phytohormone levels. Proteome analysis revealed hundreds of proteins stored in dead pericarps whose levels and composition were altered under salt stress. The integration of metabolic and proteomic data showed that changes in metabolites were highly correlated with changes in proteins involved in their biosynthetic pathways. Thus, besides providing a physical shield for seed/embryo protection dead pericarps store beneficial substances whose levels, composition and biological function are altered under stress, further highlighting the elaborated function of dead organs enclosing embryos in seed biology and ecology. The detrimental effect of HS on crop production might have implications for global food security in the face of climate change.
STUDIES ON ISOLATED RAT ADIPO- CYTES II. EFFECTS OF INSULIN, WASHING AND PHOSPHOLIPASES

Adipose tissue has various functions, such as assimilation of carbohydrate and intermediates of fat synthesis and mobilization of fat as free fatty acids (9, 19). These metabolic processes are greatly influenced by hormones; storage of lipid in the adipose tissue is controlled by insulin (12, 21) and release of free fatty acids is stimulated by epinephrine (8, 10), adrenocorticotropic hormones (23, 24) and glucagon (22). As shown in Part I of this report (13), remarkable differences were seen among electron micrographs of the surface of adipocytes isolated from starved and fed rats. The changes in starvation could result in increased lipolysis with loss of lipid stores. There is clear evidence that insulin causes lipogenesis in adipocytes and the first step in its action is to bind to the receptor on the plasma membrane of fat cells (4, 5, 15). It has also been reported (3, 7) that, after insulin treatment, the glucose transport system of adipocytes returns to the basal state when the cells are washed with phosphate buffer without insulin. Many workers (11) have reported that insulin bound to the receptor is not removed by this washing procedure, but previously we found (14) that insulin is easily removed from the receptor by washing. We also found that on treatment with phospholipase C, adipocytes lost their capacity to respond to insulin, but not to phospholipase D by increase in the rate of glucose oxidation. In the present study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we examined the changes in the cell sur-
THE PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA PATIENTS

The aim of this research is to study how the physical changes in the maxillofacial trauma patients affect them psychologically in patients of different ages, sexes, races, socioeconomic backgrounds, types and severity of injury. The study was conducted by doing a questionnaire survey, which was divided into physical and psychological components. In the physical component, the questions were mainly related to the physical injuries to the patient, which could be visualized clinically and functionally. The psychological component consisted of analyzing the impact of the maxillofacial trauma to the psychological profile. Twenty patients of both sexes and ages, ranged from 15 to 62 years old were interviewed. The main cause of trauma was from motor vehicle accidents. This study appears to show that maxillofacial trauma may have a psychological impact on patients.
Statistical approaches and rich probabilistic models of biological regulation

Acknowledgements This dissertation would not have been possible without the help and support from many people to whom I am greatly indebted. First of all, I thank my advisor, Bud Mishra for his support, encouragement and collaboration. It is Bud who introduced me to the computational world, and guided me into the exciting interdisciplinary field of computational biology. He has taught me the value of rigor and depth in scientific research, and has demonstrated a truly great devotion to science. Lightcap at Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the intellectual swashbuckling and fun collaboration that I truly enjoyed. I also thank my past and current colleagues. They have been my best mentors, collaborators and friends, and have filled every day of my thesis work with care, joy and excitement. Special thanks to Gill and many more. I will cherish every day that I have spent with them. iv I would like to express my gratitude to Steve Small and Fabio Piano for serving on my thesis committee and for providing valuable discussions and suggestions. I am greatly indebted to Ilya Rosenberg for his care, support and encouragement. With his love, all the difficult moments become much more endurable. Finally, I would like to thank my family. They have selflessly provided the best in the world to me, and I owe to them everything I am now. Abstract Understanding biological regulation is a critical step towards our understanding of developmental and disease processes. As tremendous progress has been made in experimental technologies for sequencing the genetic code (DNA sequencing) and for quantitatively monitoring the level of expression over a developmental process in a high-throughput fashion, we are facing a great era for using computational power to extract the information that can fill up the gaps between the genetic code and the phenotypic changes, which involves the understanding of transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, and regulatory relationship among molecular processes. This dissertation is dedicated to the construction of probabilistic models that can realistically capture the properties of several specific types of the biological regulation, and the development of statistical or computational approaches that can " learn " these models from the currently available experimental data. In particular: (i) a novel approach named " Mixed sample Processes Enrichment Analysis " (MixPEA) that deconvolves cell heterogeneity to identify molecular processes involved in a developmental program. An application of MixPEA in breast epithelial morphogenesis uncovered promising biological hypothesis …
Mining Features and Ranking Products From Online Customer Reviews

Now days, E-commerce systems have become extremely important. Large numbers of customers are choosing online shopping because of its convenience, reliability, and cost. As a result, an increasing number of customers post product reviews at merchant websites and express their opinions and experiences in any network space such as Internet forums, discussion groups, and blogs. So there are a large amount of data records related to products on the Web, which are useful for both manufacturers and customers. But it is difficult for customers to make purchasing decisions based on only pictures and short product descriptions. On the other hand, mining product reviews has become a hot research topic and prior researches are mostly based on pre-specified product features to analyze the opinions. In the Existing system, ranking mechanisms typically rank products based on their overall quality and subset of feature phrases mentioned manually. The process of identifying features manually is both time-consuming and may also lead to some features being missed out. In this system, it is proposed to identify the features automatically using online customer reviews. This is expected to yield accurate rankings for each product when compared to the existing system. Thus is expected to perform better.
Techniques for multicore power and thermal management

Power dissipation is now a primary limiting factor in the design of future microprocessors. As a consequence, effective control of on-chip temperature is continually becoming more costly. Most transistor failure mechanisms increase exponentially with temperature. While cooling mechanisms such as fans can modulate temperature, such solutions can be expensive, noisy, and have further reliability issues. Furthermore, due to non-uniform power density, non-uniform temperature profiles may create localized heating in the form of hotspots. In future process technologies, the power problem is exacerbated with relative increases in leakage power as opposed to dynamic power, and significant variation in leakage power. This thesis explores policies for power and thermal management in modern processors. Such techniques can increase overall reliability while mitigating the cost of other cooling solutions. In particular, I approach power management with parameter variation from an analytical view, develop novel dynamic thermal management techniques for multithreaded processors, and explore a fairly exhaustive design space for thermal management in multicore processors. The overall contributions of this work are concepts, policies, analyses, and frameworks for management of power, temperature, variation, and performance on multicore processor platforms. This thesis can be divided into two major parts. The first proposes a power management scheme for parallel applications. Rather than assuming predictable power characteristics, this study takes into account the natural variation in deep-submicron technologies. It is shown that while power variation can offset power/performance predictability, several benchmarks have convenient parallelism properties that allow a flexible range of variation of as much as ±98% of the target core design power. The second part of this thesis covers thermal management techniques for several processor design scenarios. I first propose an adaptive thermal management policy for single-core processors based on simultaneous multithreading. This adaptive technique
Unification of Hypergraph (cid:21) -Terms

We developed a technique for modeling formal systems involving name binding in a modeling language based on hypergraph rewriting. A hypergraph consists of graph nodes, edges with two endpoints and edges with multiple endpoints. The idea is that hypergraphs allow us to represent terms containing bindings and that our notion of a graph type keeps bound variables distinct throughout rewriting steps. We previously encoded the untyped (cid:21) -calculus and the evaluation and type checking of System F <: , but the encoding of System F <: type inference requires a uni(cid:12)cation algorithm. We studied and successfully implemented a uni-(cid:12)cation algorithm modulo (cid:11) -equivalence for hypergraphs representing untyped (cid:21) -terms. The uni(cid:12)cation algorithm turned out to be similar to nominal uni(cid:12)cation despite the fact that our approach and nominal approach to name binding are very diﬀerent. However, some basic properties of our framework are easier to establish compared to the ones in nominal uni(cid:12)cation. We believe this indicates that hypergraphs provide a nice framework for encoding formal systems involving binders and uni-(cid:12)cation modulo (cid:11) -equivalence.
Postnatal Ontogeny of Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporters (MCTs) and Two Regulatory Proteins, Basigin and Embigin, in The Epididymis of Male Rat

45 Corresponding author : Ki-Ho Lee, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, 143-5 Yongdoo-dong, Joong-goo, Daejeon, 301-110, Korea. Tel : 82-42-259-1643, Fax : 82-42-259-1649, E-mail : kiholee@eulji.ac. kr Postnatal Ontogeny of Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporters (MCTs) and Two Regulatory Proteins, Basigin and Embigin, in The Epididymis of Male Rat
Comparison of Leja and Makler Chambers Performance in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Sperm Quality in CASA System

: In this study, the effect of the chamber used for the automated analysis of sperm motility and sperm kinematics parameters by CASA was evaluated of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) sperms. The assessment of motility parameters was carried out using CEROS II (Hamilton-Thorne, Beverly, MA, USA) connected to CX41 microscope (Olympus, Japan) at room temperature. Sperm samples were collected from five adult males by abdominal massage during the reproduction season and analyzed with two different chambers as follows specialty: Leja 2 cell chambered with 20 µl deep (Leja Products, Netherlands) and Makler chamber, round shape with 10 µl deep (Sefi-Medical Instrument, Haifa, Israel). Total sperm motility (Mot, %), and Velocity of Curvilinear (µm/s) were measured. For fertilization test, eggs from one female (550 g approximately 7500 eggs) were separated in equal five parts. Each part of eggs (approximately 1.500 eggs) was fertilized with each analyzed sperm (5ml). Fertilization, incubation procedure and calculation of fertilization rates have been kept as used routinely for rainbow trout culture procedure. The fertilization rates were found ˃80% for all used males. The motility percentage of samples analyzed by Leja has been found higher 90% while by makler changed between 26-45%. There is significantly effect on different chambers used in this study to determining the motility percentage. The high stability results and matched the fertilization success were detected in Leja 2-chamber. Statistical study with motility percentage showed a significant difference between Leja and Makler chambers (p<0,05).
An Experimental Study of The Cross-Sectional Channel Shape Dependence of Short-Channel Effects in Fin-Type Double-Gate MOSFETs

Introduction Recently, the double-gate MOSFET (XMOSFET) [1] has received considerable attention as an emerging device due to its excellent short-channel effects (SCEs) immunity, and a number of Fin-type double-gate MOSFETs (FXMOSFETs) have been reported [2-4]. However, the cross-sectional shape of a Si-Fin channel reported to date resembles a trapezoid or bell-shape because a reactive ion etching (RIE) process was used in the Si-Fin fabrication. The difference of the Si-Fin thickness at the top and bottom inevitably affects the subthreshold slope (S-slope) and threshold voltage (Vth). 3-D simulation has shown that the Vth and S-slop strongly depend on the Si-Fin thickness [5]. However, very few works [6, 7] on the cross-sectional channel shape have been reported. To our knowledge, there has been no direct experimental comparison among FXMOSFETs with different cross-sectional channel shapes in the short gate length regime of less than 100 nm. In this paper, we report the systematic investigation of the channel shape dependence of the SCEs by fabricating the FXMOSFETs with rectangular, triangular and trapezoid cross-sectional channel shapes in 65-145 nm gate lengths regime using the same process for a fair comparison.
Innovation, New Product Development and Internet Technologies: study in Brazilian companies Inovação, Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos e as Tecnologias Internet: estudo em empresas brasileiras

Abstract: This paper focused on the use of internet technologies to support product innovation in Brazilian companies, following a qualitative approach. A scoping review of the literature revealed the main uses of the aforementioned technologies for every stage of innovation. Interviews with companies’ representatives showed that innovative companies use mainly social networks to support innovation activities, but there are reports of investments in co-creation platforms. In the scope of this work, internet technologies are used to some innovation stages. Basic technologies like e-mail, website and search mechanisms can provide basic support information for all innovation stages. The early stages (ideation, design and testing) require more targeted information which may be provided by technologies like ideas competition tools, co-creation platforms, and web mining. Finally, blogs, wikis, discussion forums and social networking sites support the final stages (launch and support) of the product innovation process.
Review of Coupled Two and Three Phase Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC) and Investigation of Four Phase IBC for Renewable Application

As the power level of a power electronic converter is limited due to several factors and the increase in current causes an increase in stress on switching devices. Besides, the diode reverse recovery current and parasitic resonance current become greater than the main switch can handle, and hence, the size of the boost inductor should be increased to avoid saturation and overheating problems. In order to advance the power level significantly the methods, including device paralleling, module paralleling and interleaving are widely utilized. For some applications, boost stages are designed modularly such that the converter stages can be connected in parallel to meet the increasing power requirement. This method is preferable as it is easy to increase thepower rating by simply stacking converters with increased redundancy. The drawbacks of the method are; it relatively costs high, large volume covered, and cooling difficulties. Furthermore, to provide equal sharing of input current among the converters, additional circuitry should be utilized and the currents of individual converters do not return properly, current of one module can circulate through other module and some unexpected failures may occur. This paper reviews the ripple input current and output voltage of two and three phase and investigates the Performance of four phase IBC.
The gaze of a social monkey is perceptible to conspecifics and predators but not prey

Eye gaze is an important source of information for animals, implicated in communication, cooperation, hunting and antipredator behaviour. Gaze perception and its cognitive underpinnings are much studied in primates, but the specific features that are used to estimate gaze can be difficult to isolate behaviourally. We photographed 13 laboratory-housed tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) to quantify chromatic and achromatic contrasts between their iris, pupil, sclera and skin. We used colour vision models to quantify the degree to which capuchin eye gaze is discriminable to capuchins, their predators and their prey. We found that capuchins, regardless of their colour vision phenotype, as well as their predators, were capable of effectively discriminating capuchin gaze across ecologically relevant distances. Their prey, in contrast, were not capable of discriminating capuchin gaze, even under relatively ideal conditions. These results suggest that specific features of primate eyes can influence gaze perception, both within and across species.
The exploitation of sexual signals by predators: a meta-analysis

Sexual signals are often central to reproduction, and their expression is thought to strike a balance between advertising to mates and avoiding detection by predatory eavesdroppers. Tests of the predicted predation costs have produced mixed results, however. Here we synthesized 187 effects from 78 experimental studies in a meta-analytic test of two questions; namely, whether predators, parasites and parasitoids express preferences for the sexual signals of prey, and whether sexual signals increase realized predation risk in the wild. We found that predators and parasitoids express strong and consistent preferences for signals in forced-choice contexts. We found a similarly strong overall increase in predation on sexual signallers in the wild, though here it was modality specific. Olfactory and acoustic signals increased the incidence of eavesdropping relative to visual signals, which experienced no greater risk than controls on average. Variation in outcome measures was universally high, suggesting that contexts in which sexual signalling may incur no cost, or even reduce the incidence of predation, are common. Our results reveal unexpected complexity in a central viability cost to sexual signalling, while also speaking to applied problems in invasion biology and pest management where signal exploitation holds promise for bio-inspired solutions.