Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Space Inertial Sensor Ground Evaluation System for Non-Sensitive Axis Based on Torsion Pendulum

The inertial sensor is the key measurement payload of the technology verification satellite of China’s space gravitational wave detection mission-Taiji Project, which uses capacitive sensors to sense the acceleration disturbance of the test mass under the influence of non-conservative forces in the frequency range of 10 mHz~1 Hz. It is necessary to perform a ground performance evaluation and estimate the working state of the payload in orbit. However, due to the influence of the earth’s gravity and seismic noise, it is impossible to directly evaluate the resolution level of the non-sensitive axis when testing with high-voltage levitation, which leads to incomplete evaluation of the performance of the inertial sensor. In order to implement this part of the test, the sensitive structure is designed and a torsion pendulum facility for performance testing is developed. The experimental results show that the measurement resolution of the non-sensitive axis of the inertial sensor can reach 9.5 × 10−7 m/s2/Hz1/2 under the existing ground environmental conditions and is mainly influenced by the seismic noise during the system measurement. If the inertial sensor enters orbit, the measurement resolution can achieve 3.96 × 10−9 m/s2/Hz1/2, which meets the requirements of the technology verification satellite for a non-sensitive axis. This proposed system also provides a reasonable method for the comprehensive evaluation of inertial sensors in the future.
Phylogeography and taxonomy of the Little Bronze-Cuckoo (Chalcites minutillus) in Australia's monsoon tropics

Abstract We investigated relationships and phylogeographical structure among Australian populations of the obligatorily brood-parasitic Little Bronze-cuckoo (Chalcites minutillus) based on analyses of microsatellite and mtDNA sequences. We find that these populations are paraphyletic with respect to each other and suggest that this is a result of a combination of incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow. Our results show that the Australian populations of the C. minutillus complex are at a time in their evolution where their differentiation is incomplete and may even have been largely, and recently, arrested. Gene flow is particularly indicated between Top End-Kimberley and Cape York Peninsula populations. We examine how these findings might inform the notoriously controversial taxonomic debate about these populations. We question the merit of recognising the taxon russatus but acknowledge that analyses of New Guinean populations are needed. C. m. barnardi, which breeds in central eastern Australia, was the most differentiated in molecular markers. Further work is needed to test whether populations recognised as C. m. russatus and C. m. minutillus beyond Australia are indeed closest relatives to their respective Australian counterparts. The relationship between host specificity and patterns of genetic diversity should also be explored.
Crop stubbles are as important for sheep production as annual pastures in the Victorian Mallee

The impact of different management strategies on production and profit can be evaluated with knowledge of how sheep production responds to changes in the available feed base and sheep or pasture management. This study aimed to quantify on-farm pasture and sheep production in mixed sheep and cropping systems in the Victorian Mallee of south-eastern Australia (325 ± 50 mm annual rainfall) as a prelude to computer simulation modelling. During 2001 (average rainfall) and 2002 (extreme drought) pasture production, the feed base and sheep production were monitored in 15 paddocks on 5 properties located across the region. Crop stubbles were the major source of feed for 6 months of the year, enabling ewes to maintain liveweight. There was more variation in pasture parameters between paddocks at the 1 location than between locations. The botanical composition, plant density, soil fertility and management were key variables associated with between-paddock variation in pasture production. Variation in pasture production between years was larger than within-year differences. In contrast, stocking rates were not much lower in the drought year of 2002 than in 2001. This study suggests there is potential for management to improve pasture production, and demonstrates the importance of feed sources other than annual pasture for sheep production in environments where the annual pasture growing season is short.
Far UV-C lights and fiber optics induced and selective far UV-C treatment against COVID-19 for fatality-survival tradeoff

This work focuses on the usability of Ultraviolet (UV) on humans as an economical way of contesting against COVID-19. Specifically, far-UVC is presented as a promising candidate against COVID-19 since it can inactivate pathogens including viruses and bacteria without harming mammalian skin or eyes. Furthermore, the work also points out the applicability of far-UVC lights for public spaces and treatment of selective region in COVID-19 patients by using fiberoptic as the medium for high-risk cases where chances of survival are low and such treatment may avoid fatality due to the COVID-19.
Pliocene–Pleistocene megafloods as a mechanism for Greenlandic megacanyon formation: REPLY

The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) covers a complex network of canyons thought to be preglacial and fluvial in origin, implying that these features have influenced the ice sheet since its inception. The largest of these canyons terminates in northwest Greenland at the outlet of the Petermann Glacier. Yet, the genesis of this canyon, and similar features in northern Greenland, remains unknown. Here, we present numerical model simulations of early GrIS history and show that interactions among climate, the growing ice sheet, and preexisting topography may have contributed to the excavation of the canyon via repeated catastrophic outburst floods. Our results have implications for interpreting sedimentary and geomorphic features beneath the GrIS and around its marine margins, and they document a novel mechanism for landscape erosion in Greenland.
Genotypic variation of gene expression during the soybean innate immunity response

Microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered immunity (MTI) is an important component of the plant innate immunity response to invading pathogens. Although several MTI responses can be measured in different plant species, their magnitude is probably plant species specific and even cultivar specific. In this study, a genome-wide transcriptome analysis of two soybean parental lines and two progeny lines treated for 30 min with the MAMPs flg22 and chitin was carried out. This analysis revealed a clear variation in gene expression, under both untreated and flg22+chitin-treated conditions. In addition, genes with potential additive and non-additive effects were identified in the two progeny lines, with several of these genes having a potential function in the control of innate immunity. The data presented herein represent the basis for further functional analysis that can lead to a better understanding of the soybean innate immunity response.
The impact of red deer management on liverworts associated with the mixed hepatic mat community and other terrestrial cryptogams

Background: Exclosure is often regarded as the most effective means of encouraging woodland regeneration in the presence of high deer densities. This has potential implications for terrestrial cryptogam diversity at a time when the Scottish Government is encouraging an increase in woodland cover. The hepatic mat assemblage at Coire Dhorrcail, Knoydart, is unique to the Scottish mainland in that it occurs from sea-shore to mountain summit throughout the full range of vegetation. No previous study has examined the response of this rare liverwort community to the absence of red deer. Aims: To compare the species richness, diversity, dominance and abundance of bryophytes and lichens either side of the twenty-year-old deer exclosure at Knoydart. Methods: Percentage cover of cryptogam species has been estimated from quadrats within paired sample plots at different altitudes on either side of the exclosure. Sampling was randomised at each stage. Simple linear models were used to analyse the data. Results: Succession within the exclosure has created conditions suitable for bulkier species of moss to attain local dominance, causing significant reduction of Herbertus hutchinsiae cover, cryptogam species richness and diversity. Conclusions: What is good for tree regeneration may be bad for terrestrial cryptogams. Careful consideration of existing biodiversity is necessary before exclosing large areas for woodland regeneration.
Effect of Drought Stress on Yield and Quality of Maize/Sunflower and Maize/Sorghum Intercrops for Biogas Production

Intercropping represents an alternative to maize (Zea mays L.) monoculture to provide substrate for agricultural biogas production. Maize was intercropped with either sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) or forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to determine the effect of seasonal water supply on yield and quality of the above-ground biomass as a fermentation substrate. The two intercrop partners were grown in alternating double rows at plant available soil water levels of 60-80 %, 40-50 % and 15-30 % under a foil tunnel during the years 2006 and 2007 at Braunschweig, Germany. Although the intercrop dry matter yields in each year increased with increasing soil moisture, the partner crops responded quite differently. While maize produced significantly greater biomass under high rather than low water supply in each year, forage sorghum exhibited a significant yield response only in 2006, and sunflower in none of the 2 years. Despite greatly different soil moisture contents, the contribution of sorghum to the intercrop dry matter yield was similar, averaging 43 % in 2006 and 40 % in 2007. Under conditions of moderate and no drought stress, sunflower had a dry matter yield proportion of roughly one-third in both years. In the severe drought treatment, however, sunflower contributed 37 % in 2006 and 54 % in 2007 to the total intercrop dry matter yield. The comparatively good performance of sunflower under conditions of low water supply is attributable to a fast early growth, which allows this crop to exploit the residual winter soil moisture. While the calculated methane-producing potential of the maize/sorghum intercrop was not affected by the level of water supply, the maize/sunflower intercrop in 2006 had a higher theoretically attainable specific methane yield under low and medium than under high water supply. Nevertheless, the effect of water regime on substrate composition within the intercrops was small in comparison with the large differences between the intercrops.
Evaluation of different contour extraction approaches in the context of contour based image registration

In recent years, imagery from airborne sensors has become available at low costs, due to the advent of affordable drone systems. Such imagery can be used for addressing many different tasks in various fields of application. While the imagery itself bears all of the information required for some tasks, other tasks require the imagery to be georeferenced satisfying certain accuracy requirements. If the latter is not the case when performing such tasks, registering the imagery to reference images that come with a satisfying georeference allows us to transfer this georeference to the imagery. Many registration approaches described in literature require an image and the reference to be of sufficiently similar appearance, in order to work properly. To address registration problems in more unsimilar cases, we have been developing a registration method based on contour matching. In a nutshell, this method comprises two main steps, namely contour point extraction from both the image and the reference and matching them. Towards the optimization of the overall performance of our registration method, we strive to improve the performance of each step individually, by both implementing new algorithms and fine-tuning relevant parameters. The scope of this work is the implementation of a novel contour point extraction algorithm to improve step one of our method, as well as its evaluation in the context of our registration method. Line shaped objects exceeding a certain length, such as e.g. road networks, are likely to be present both in the image and the reference, despite their possible appearance disimilarity. The novel contour point extraction algorithm capitalizes on this by focusing on the extraction of contour points representing such line shaped objects.
Environmental and physiological factors controlling the reproductive cycles of pinnipeds

The reproductive pattern of pinnipeds is characterised by embryonic diapause, annual reproduction, and synchronous breeding cycles. Active gestation lasts about 8 months in most species, but the duration of embryonic diapause varies indirectly with the length of the postpartum oestrous cycle. Data on reproductive endocrinology are limited to a few species, owing to difficulties involved in obtaining serial samples from individuals. The postpartum oestrus is marked by elevated oestradiol concentrations followed by a rise in progesterone levels after ovulation. An infertile cycle may lead to pseudo-pregnancy, although on rare occasions there may be a further period of oestrus. Progesterone concentrations remain elevated for the duration of pregnancy and chorionic gonadotrophin concentration in the placenta increases early in postimplantation. Sex steroids do not appear to be directly involved in blastocyst reactivation. The environmental factors influencing implantation appear to be the most significant pro.
Individual Parameter Perturbation and Error Analysis of Fish Bioenergetics Models

We quantified the sensitivity of predicted rates of growth and consumption to parameter variation for models of yellow perch (Perca flavescens), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). We used statistical analyses of the results of Monte Carlo simulations to rank parameter importance. The order of parameter importance was model specific, although the results emphasized the need for accurate estimation of the realized fraction of maximum consumption rate (P) and allometric parameters for consumption (a1, b1) and respiration (a2, b2). Excretion and egestion parameters contributed little to prediction errors. The Monte Carlo methods were used to examine the relative importance of parameter variation and diet composition, an external forcing function, on forecasts of alewife growth. If standard deviations of model parameters were known within 2% of their expected values, uncertainty in diet composition could contribute as much as 47% of the variance in predicted alewife we.
The Role of Lateral Blue Spots in Intrasexual Relationships Between Male Iberian Rock-Lizards, Lacerta monticola

Vertebrate males often show breeding colours that may function as reliable signals of status in intrasexual competition. In many lacertid lizards, males show a conspicuous row of small but distinctive blue spots that runs along their body side on the outer margin of the belly. However, no study has examined the role of these blue spots. We first analysed in a field population of the Iberian rock lizard, Lacerta monticola, the relationships between number of blue spots and some morphological traits, which are known to be related to males' fighting ability. The number of spots seems to be an character showing ontogenetic change as large (generally older) males showed more blue spots than small (generally younger) males. Males with a higher body condition also showed a higher number of blue spots. Thus, a higher number of blue spots may be used to signal size, age or body condition. Many contiguous blue spots would result in a visual artefact consisting of a continuous blue band, which might be a reliable size- or condition-dependent signal in some social contexts. We further examined in the laboratory whether male characteristics are related to dominance status. In males with similar body size or age, those with relatively larger heads were more dominant, whereas the number of blue spots was not important. Moreover, the number of blue spots in nature was not related to relative head size. Finally, we experimentally manipulated the presence and the number of blue spots of intruding males, and examined the aggressive response of resident males. Intruder individuals manipulated to cover all their blue spots received a lower amount of aggression. However, males with different numbers of manipulated blue spots received a similar number of aggressive responses. These results suggest that, during agonistic encounters, the presence of blue spots, but not their number, may elicit aggressiveness. Thus, blue spots may serve to identify an individual as an adult male, and to enhance body size of larger males.
Autonomy at the end of the earth: an inclement weather autonomous driving data set

We have collected an extensive winter autonomous driving data set consisting of over 4TB of data collected between November 2019 and March 2020. Our base configuration features two 16 channel LiDARs, forward facing color camera, wide field of view NIR camera, and an ADAS LWIR camera. RTK corrected GNSS positioning and IMU data is also available. Portions include data from four different HD LiDARs operating in a variety of winter driving conditions. The set highlights some of the unique aspects of operating in northern climates including changing landmarks due to snow accumulation, wildlife, and snowmobiles operating on local roadways.
Electrically Conducting Hydrogels for Health care: Concept, Fabrication Methods, and Applications

Electrically conducting hydrogels are gaining increasing attention due to their potential application in smart patches, biosensors, functional tissue engineering scaffolds, wound management, and implants. The current review focuses on these novel materials, their synthesis routes, and their composites. Special attention is paid to fabrication routes to produce functional composites with organic and inorganic components. The design of conductive hydrogels leads to inheritance of the advantages of each component and offers new features from the synergistic effects between the components, thus opening new application areas. The review also discusses the emerging role of 3D printing as an advanced approach toward new design, functionality, and material combination possibilities. The issue of lack of the spatial control with current techniques is highlighted, and possible new routes to solve it are discussed. The review will provide readers with knowledge tool to select appropriate methodology for designing desired hydrogel material composites.
Assessment of species diversity and state of Stipa tenacissima steppes

North African steppes are subjected to extreme degradation resulting in the reduction of their surface, genetic erosion of resources, and decrease in biodiversity. Stipa tenacissima steppes, which constitute one of the most representative vegetation types in the driest areas of the Mediterranean basin, are continuously degrading. With the aim of contributing to a better knowledge of the floristic composition and diagnosing the state of degradation of these steppes, we conducted a phytoecological analysis of 10 S. tenacissima sites in Tunisia. Floristic inventory compiled a systematic list of 46 vascular plant species belonging to 43 genera and 26 families. Species richness ranged from 4 to 18 species per 900 m2. Total vegetation cover was moderate and fluctuated between 22.8% and 49.9%. Our results revealed also a decreasing trend in species richness with increasing elevation (\rho = -0.585). Indeed, species richness was negatively correlated with slope (\rho = -0.19) and positively correlated with sand content (\rho = 0.262). Biological types were dominated by chamaephytes; this chamaephytization is due to the phenomenon of aridization and overgrazing. Moreover, the low species cover and the appearance of nonpalatable species highlighted the vulnerability of these steppes to degradation.
A New Viewpoint on Genetic Diversity in Prestice Black-Pied Pig: Did the Breed Suffer from a Bottleneck?

The research was aimed at determination of genetic variability of Prestice Black-Pied (PC) pig breed (Czech national breed and genetic resource) and to evaluate possible presence of recent bottleneck in this closed small pig population. One hundred and eighty of breeding boars were analysed by eleven tetramer Short Tandem Repeats (STR) panel specifically developed for the genotyping of breeding livestock. Despite the fact that appearance of rare alleles, which may be relatively increased after recent bottleneck, was discovered, the heterozygosity excess was not significant. The PC breed has not undergone recent bottleneck and remained at mutation-drift equilibrium.
Numerical Analysis of Bicycle Helmet under Blunt Behavior

This study evaluates various safety aspects of standardized impacts that cyclists may suffer while wearing a bicycle helmet, by combining a partially validated finite element model of the cranio-cervical region and a newly developed commercial bicycle helmet model. Under EN 1078 standardized impact conditions, the results of simulated impact tests show that the helmet can absorb 40% to 50% of the total impact energy at impact velocities above 4 m/s. Further, based on a relationship between the head injury criterion and the risk of injury from field data, the results of the simulations suggest that minor injuries may occur at impact velocities of 10 km/h, serious injuries at 15 km/h, and severe injuries at 20 km/h. Fatal injuries will likely occur at impact velocities of 30 km/h and higher.
The Influence of Mother’s Rational Parenting Behavior on Academic Procrastination of Middle School Students: Effect of Mediated Moderation of Self-Control through Intrinsic Motivation

©The Korean Association of Child Studies This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Corresponding Author: Hee Hwa Kim, Professor, Department of Child Development & Family Studies, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beongil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Korea E-mail: hwakim@pusan.ac. kr Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea Professor, Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea Eun Byeol Ahn, Hee Hwa Kim
A Study on the Relationship between Social Policy and Social Capital: Evidence from Asian Countries

There are two competing hypotheses regarding the relationship between social policy and social capital. The crowding-out hypothesis suggests that public resources allocated through social policies and programs eradicate various forms of social capital such as trust, social network and norms. The crowding-in hypothesis, on the contrary, emphasizes virtuous cycles between social policy and social capital. Empirical evidence, mostly conducted for Western countries with advanced economies, has not produced consistent findings regarding the relationship. This study empirically tested these hypotheses based on data from 24 Asian countries. This study further explored how relationships between social policy and social capital vary by sub-regions of Asian countries. Findings from both macro- and micro-level analysis suggest that social policy influences social capital differently according to the forms of social capital. There also seems to be heterogeneity across sub-regions in the relationship between social policy and social capital. Theoretical and policy implications as well as future research directions were further discussed.