Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cut-Out Towne-View Whole-Brain 320-Row Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography for Assessing the Anterior Intracranial Collateral Status: A Retrospective Study

Whole-brain four-dimensional computed tomography angiography (W4D-CTA) using a 320-row area detector CT (320r-ADCT) has been applied before thrombectomy. Endovascular physicians require images with high interrater reliability (IRR) for making appropriate decisions. However, the 320r-ADCT gantry cannot be tilted, and the patient’s head position influences the anteroposterior (AP)-view W4D-CTA images. This study aimed to determine which W4D-CTA images are appropriate pre-thrombectomy, whether the unedited AP view or cut-out Towne view. This study included the W4D-CTA images of acute stroke patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery or the middle cerebral artery (MCA) from April to July 2021. Images produced by 320r-ADCT were transferred to a workstation. Unedited AP-view images were automatically generated. Towne-view images were cut out for this study. Collateral status was evaluated as poor, intermediate, or good based on the visualization of the MCA peripheral branches. In addition, the IRR was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (2,1). Fifteen patients were analyzed. In the unedited AP-view and cut-out Towne-view W4D-CTA images, the ICC (2,1) were 0.147 and 0.796, respectively. Cut-out Towne-view W4D-CTA images with substantial IRR are superior to the unedited AP-view images for assessing the anterior intracranial collateral status.
How Reliable are Social Safety Nets? Value and Accessibility in Situations of Acute Economic Need

Social protection systems use a range of entitlement criteria. First-tier support typically requires contributions or past employment in many countries, while safety net benefits are granted on the basis of need. In a context of volatile and uncertain labour markets, careful and continuous monitoring of the effectiveness of income support is a key input into an evidence-based policy process. This paper proposes a novel empirical method for monitoring the accessibility and levels of safety net benefits. It focusses on minimum-income benefits (MIB) and other non-contributory transfers and relies on data on the amounts of cash support that individuals in need receive in practice. Results show that accessibility and benefit levels differ enormously across countries – for instance, more than four out of five low-income workless one-person households received MIB in Australia, France and the United Kingdom, compared to only one in five in Greece and Italy, two countries that have since sought to strengthen aspects of safety-net provisions.
Research progress on the protective effects of aucubin in neurological diseases

Abstract Context Aucubin (AU), an iridoid glycoside that is one of the active constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EUO) (Eucommiaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been extensively studied in the management of neurological diseases (NDs). However, a comprehensive review of its effects and mechanisms in this regard is currently not available. Objective To compile the protective effects and mechanisms of AU in NDs and provide a basis for further research. Methods We used ‘aucubin’ as the ‘All Fields’ or ‘MeSH’ in PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure without any limitation to search all relevant articles as comprehensively as possible; we selected the articles on AU treatment of NDs for summary. Results Studies reviewed herein reported that AU improved the symptoms or prognosis of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer's disease, intracerebral haemorrhage, diabetic encephalopathy, epilepsy, anxiety and depression, and traumatic brain injury. The pharmacological mechanisms involved in repairing neuronal loss were postulated to include increasing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in the synapse, promoting differentiation of neural precursor cells into GABAergic neurons, providing antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammation activities, as well as enhancing autophagy and anti-apoptotic actions. Discussion and conclusions The protective effects of AU on some NDs have been confirmed. According to the pharmacological effects, AU is also highly likely to have protective effects on other NDs, which can be realized by further in vivo and in vitro basic research, and clinical trials. In the future, AU may be used for clinical prevention or treatment of patients with neurological diseases.
Quantitative PCR Assays for the Strain-Specific Identification and Enumeration of Probiotic Strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus X253

Probiotics are universally recognized for their health benefits, despite the fact that their effects depend on the strain. Identification and enumeration of probiotic strains are required prior to evaluating their effectiveness. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus X253 is a potential probiotic strain with antioxidant capacity. Comparative genomics and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to identify a strain-specific locus within the holA gene for strain X253 that was distinct in 30 different L. rhamnosus strains. Using quantitative PCR, the primers and probe designed for the locus were able to distinguish L. rhamnosus X253 from the other 20 probiotic strains. The chosen locus remained stable over 19 generations. The sensitivity of the assay was 0.2 pg genomic DNA of L. rhamnosus X253, or 103 cfu/mL bacteria of this strain. In terms of repeatability and reproducibility, relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 1% and 3%, respectively. Additionally, this assay achieved accurate enumerations of L. rhamnosus X253 in spiked milk and complex powder samples. The strain-specific assay could be used for quality control and compliance assessment of dairy products.
Vapor-phase lubrication : Application-oriented development

The evolution of cleaner, more efficient engines requires the use of new lubrication technologies. A potential lubricant/lubrication technology must address the changing needs of engine designers and manufacturers. Specifically, this should include material and fuel compatibility, increased lubrication performance at elevated temperatures and pressures, ashless deposits, reduced particulate emissions and biodegradability. These are exactly the characteristics which vapor phase lubrication offers. With the correct choice of lubricant, vapor phase lubrication has been effective in reducing friction and minimizing wear of ferrous-rich stainless steels, tool steels, super alloys, ceramics and cermet composites at temperatures up to 670°C under both sliding and rolling contact. This paper details the development of vapor phase lubrication with insights into material and lubricant selection, examples of successful applications development and current investigations by leading universities, government and commercial organizations alike.
A Rapid Review of Environmental Health Gaps in Antimicrobial Resistance and Water-Related Research from 1990–2020

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pervasive global health threat linked to human antimicrobial misuse and abuse, food production, and broader environmental contamination. While global agencies promote a multi-sectoral One Health system approach to equitably combat human, animal, and environmental health AMR risks, it is widely acknowledged that the human and animal sectors dominate discussions. Given this disproportionate focus, identification of critical research gaps is needed to develop stewardship plans that equitably address One Health AMR threats. This review used natural language processing and term frequency algorithms to classify 12,638 records from 1990–2020 thematically in order to highlight sectoral prioritization and gaps. It also specifically assessed water-related gaps as water is recognized as both a primary environmental dissemination pathway and key means of intervention. Drawing from systemic health and integrated water management lenses, this review found that themes related to plant, wildlife, and environmental-related AMR threats—in particular, the role that environmental (ambient) waters play in AMR development, transmission, and spread—are under-prioritized as compared to human and food animal health concerns regardless of geographic region or income level. Further prioritization of these themes is needed to strengthen the environmental dimension of One Health AMR responses and systemically protect global health.
Research of textile logarithmic-aperiodic antennas with a matching circuit for textronics applications

The antenna is the basic element of radio communication systems. Its proper design allows for a sufficiently wide transmission range and quality of data transmission. Most known communication systems operate in a certain frequency range and dipole antennas only work at one frequency of resonance, therefore log-aperiodic antennas are built for covering a wide bandwidth. In a typical configuration, such antennas are made of metal rods; however, in textronics garment applications a flat structure integrated with the textiles is necessary. This article presents the construction and research of a flat antenna entirely made with textile materials and with the use of technologies. Embroidery technology was proposed for the prototyping of antennas for all three communication technologies. Polyester multifilament yarns with a silver top layer were used in the research. A textile impedance matching circuit for the antenna was also built with the use of textile technology. The antennas were designed for the Global System for Mobile Communications, Global Positioning System and WiFi systems, because such wireless technologies have been used in the prototype system for transmitting measurement data of human physiological signals in textronics clothing. Wearable antennas are a part of a device that ensures continuous health monitoring of an elderly person or a patient without hindering his day-to-day activities. The construction of this system was the subject of a project financed by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland. The design stage was presented along with the method of connecting the antenna with the transmitter. The repeatability of the antenna parameters was also analyzed and a textile impedance matching circuit was presented. In this article, the author focused on checking the quality and repeatability of electrical and geometric parameters of textile antennas for various types of transmission, including connections in constant environmental conditions.
Evaluation of Modified Organic Cotton Fibers Based Absorbent Article Applicable to Feminine Hygiene

ABSTRACT In the present study, an absorbent article from raw organic cotton fibers (ROCFs) as base material was prepared for female hygiene applications. ROCFs were modified employing two different approaches: the conventional NaOH and eco-friendly ethanol/water blend. Chitosan is considered as an eco-friendly agent and hence used in the present study to impart simultaneous antimicrobial, binding, and stabilizing properties to the final product. Two different organic acids, namely acetic acid and citric acid, were used to disperse the chitosan particles in order to balance the pH range of the feminine physiology system, which is normally in the range of 3–4.5 to prevent the undesired growth of microbes. Particle size and SEM analysis confirmed the proper dispersion and attachment of chitosan particles in the modified cotton fibers, respectively. The absorbency test indicated the better holding capacity for the ethanol cotton fibers treated along with chitosan in combination citric acid. Further, this combination was also found to possess better antimicrobial activity against specific microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and others.
Defoliation-Induced Growth Reduction of Pinus sylvestris L.after a Prolonged Outbreak of Diprion pini L.—A Case Study from Eastern Finland

The frequency and intensity of insect outbreaks have increased in boreal forests, along with associated impacts on the growth and economic losses of host trees. In Finland, the common pine sawfly (Diprion pini L.) is a serious pest, causing declines in health and growth responses of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). We focused on investigating the species’ defoliating impact on tree radial and volume growth and estimated the economic value of the declined growth. Managed P. sylvestris forests in our study area in eastern Finland have suffered from extended defoliation by D. pini for 15 years since 1999 at varying intensity levels. We classified 184 trees into four defoliation classes and compared annual growth, expressed as growth indices between the classes. We modelled tree volume, estimated economic loss, and compared those to a reference period preceding the initial outbreak. We found significant differences in growth indices between the defoliation classes. Growth losses of 4.2%, 20.8%, and 40.4% were obtained for the mild, moderate, and high defoliation classes, with related economic impacts of 51 €, 272 €, and 734 € per ha for 11 years, respectively. Growth was slightly enhanced in the lowest defoliation class. We suggest that growth-related economic loss caused by D. pini may be significant and depend on defoliation intensity and outbreak duration.
THE PROBLEM OF CORRUPTION LAW ENFORCEMENT THAT CAUSES STATE LOSSES SINCE THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 25 / PUU-XIV / 2016 DECISION

are increasingly widespread, so that the boundaries of the characteristics of acts of corruption and the characteristics of acts that are not corrupt but characterized by very detrimental to the state and society become difficult to distinguish, and lead to uncertainty about how to formulate groups. his crime. This research is a normative legal research that uses primary and secondary legal sources with library research collection techniques through legislation approach, historical approach and case approach. The results obtained are the legal considerations of the judges of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia in the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 25/PUU/XIV/2016 in Article 2 Paragraph (1) and Article 3 of Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption in Decision Number 25/ PUU-XIV/2016 which grants the abolition of the phrase “can” is to create legal certainty for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) regarding discretionary policies or decisions or the implementation of the Ermessen freies principle which is criminalized as a criminal act of corruption because it is detrimental to state finances.
Ketahanan Jamur terhadap Fungisida di Indonesia

Plant diseases control with fungicides had been practised for decades in Indonesia. The orientation of consumers to have high quality agriculture product caused the intensif use of pesticides including fungicides. Systemic fungicides were used as therapeutant agens for disease control. Intensively used and sublethal dose of systemic fungicides induced fungi to be resistant. The purpose of this article was to describe the occurrence of developing fungicides resistance strains. Several publications reported that there were some fungicides which induced resistant strain i. e. benomyl and its metabolites, metalaxyl and simoksanyl. It was assumed that the resistant strain occurred due to the genetic of pathogens, mode of action of fungicides and method of application. Resistance to contact or nonsystemic fungicides was rare compared with systemic one. The single site action of systemic fungicides caused mutation of fungus to be resistant. This fenomena did not occure against contact fungicides with multisite actions. Among systemic fungicides, benomyl resistant strains were more frequently reported than the others. To avoid those problems the authors strongly suggested to use Integrated Pest Management in plant disease control. Reduced frequency of fungicides applications, using recommended dose and mixture of contact and systemic fungicides are several tactics to delay resistance. Risk assessment and monitoring of fungicides resistance at molecular level is also suggested.
Dual-Intended Deep Learning Model for Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Ultrasound Imaging

Simple Summary The findings of predictive and diagnostic systems in cancer are an intriguing topic for physicians and the oncologic community. Computer-aided decision (CAD) is vital for breast cancer diagnosis. It aids in higher accuracy and early, reliable diagnosis. To achieve such aims, diverse imaging modalities have been used and decision-making was facilitated by artificial intelligence and machine learning models. High-fidelity automated breast lesion finding, along with their corresponding radiomic feature biomarkers, can be delivered by a trained model. In this study, the potential impact of a machine learning model for detecting breast lesions and various radiomic biomarkers are examined. This study presents a model that automatically segments and extracts radiomics and can enable the clinical practice to find breast lesions while performing diagnosis concurrently. Abstract Automated medical data analysis demonstrated a significant role in modern medicine, and cancer diagnosis/prognosis to achieve highly reliable and generalizable systems. In this study, an automated breast cancer screening method in ultrasound imaging is proposed. A convolutional deep autoencoder model is presented for simultaneous segmentation and radiomic extraction. The model segments the breast lesions while concurrently extracting radiomic features. With our deep model, we perform breast lesion segmentation, which is linked to low-dimensional deep-radiomic extraction (four features). Similarly, we used high dimensional conventional imaging throughputs and applied spectral embedding techniques to reduce its size from 354 to 12 radiomics. A total of 780 ultrasound images—437 benign, 210, malignant, and 133 normal—were used to train and validate the models in this study. To diagnose malignant lesions, we have performed training, hyperparameter tuning, cross-validation, and testing with a random forest model. This resulted in a binary classification accuracy of 78.5% (65.1–84.1%) for the maximal (full multivariate) cross-validated model for a combination of radiomic groups.
Intensive care clincians’ information acquisition during the first wave of the Covid 19 pandemic

Introduction The global pandemic caused by novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an unprecedented demand on critical care resources. The United Kingdom experienced its ‘first wave’ of Coronavirus–19 (Covid-19) disease in Spring 2020. Critical care units had to make major changes to their working practices in a short space of time and faced multiple challenges in doing so, including the challenge of caring for patients in multiple organ failure secondary to Covid-19 infection in the absence of an established evidence base of best practice. We undertook a qualitative investigation of the personal and professional challenges faced by critical care consultants in one Scottish health board in acquiring and evaluating information to guide clinical decision making during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods Critical care consultants in NHS Lothian working in critical care from March to May 2020 were eligible to participate in the study. Participants were invited to take part in a one-to-one semi structured interview conducted using Microsoft Teams videoconferencing software. Reflexive thematic analysis was used as the method for data analysis using qualitative research methodology informed by a subtle realist position. Results Analysis of the interview data generated the following themes: The Knowledge Gap; Trust in Information; and Implications for Practice. Illustrative quotes are presented in the text and thematic tables. Discussion This study explored the experiences of critical care consultant physicians in acquiring and evaluating information to guide clinical decision making during the first wave of the SARS CoV2 pandemic. This study revealed that clinicians were profoundly affected by the pandemic and the ways in which it changed how they could access information to guide clinical decision making. The paucity of reliable information on SARS-CoV-2 posed a significant threat to the clinical confidence of participants. Two strategies were adopted to ease mounting pressures – an organised approach to data collection and the establishment of a local community of collaborative decision-making. These findings contribute to the wider literature by describing health care professionals’ experiences in unprecedented times and could inform recommendations for future clinical practice. This could include governance around responsible information sharing in professional instant messaging groups, and medical journal guidelines on suspension of usual peer review and other quality assurance processes during pandemics.
The Role of Vitamin D in Immune System and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a nonspecific inflammatory disease that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The pathogenesis of IBD is not fully understood but is most reported associated with immune dysregulation, dysbacteriosis, genetic susceptibility, and environmental risk factors. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for the human body, and it not only regulates bone metabolism but also the immune system, the intestinal microbiota and barrier. Vitamin D insufficiency is common in IBD patients, and the abnormal low levels of vitamin D are highly correlated with disease activity, treatment response, and risk of relapse of IBD. Accumulating evidence supports the protective role of vitamin D in IBD through regulating the adaptive and innate immunity, maintaining the intestinal barrier and balancing the gut microbiota. This report aims to provide a broad overview of the role vitamin D in the immune system, especially in the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD, and its possible role in predicting relapse.
Expression of a Chlorophyll b Reductase Gene from Zoysia japonica Causes Changes in Leaf Color and Chlorophyll Morphology in Agrostis stolonifera

The NYC-like (NOL) enzyme is considered as an essential enzyme for chlorophyll b degradation, which catalyzes the formation of 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a from chlorophyll b. The ZjNOL gene was cloned from Zoysia japonica with a completed coding sequence of 981-bp in length, encoding 326 amino acids. ZjNOL was localized on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, and co-localized with ZjNYC in the chloroplasts. Multiple photoregulatory elements and hormone regulatory elements were identified in the promoter region of the ZjNOL gene, and the expression level of the ZjNOL gene was dramatically up-regulated in senescence leaves, which were regulated by a variety of plant hormones. ZjNOL’s ectopic expression in creeping bentgrass produced yellow leaves, thicker cortex, and smaller vascular column cells. Additionally, transgenic plants exhibited morphological alterations in their chloroplast structure, and the number of grana and thylakoids per grana stack reduced dramatically. Transgenic plants also had a lower photosynthetic rate and Fm/Fv than the control. The transgenic plants displayed a decreased chlorophyll content and a greater rate of ion leakage. The properties and activities of ZjNOL will serve as a foundation for future research into gene functions and regulatory processes.