Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New mammalian records in the Parque Nacional Cerros de Amotape, northwestern Peru

El Bosque Tropical de Pacifico y el Bosque Seco Ecuatorial, solo se encuentran desde el Sur de Ecuador hasta el Norte de Peru y estan dentro de los ecosistemas mas pobremente estudiados de Sudamerica. A pesar que estos bosques se encuentran protegidos dentro del Parque Nacional Cerros de Amotape (PNCA), estan amenazados por fragmentacion de habitat debido a la agricultura y la ganaderia. El objetivo de esta investigacion fue determinar la riqueza de mamiferos medianos y grandes utilizando censos por transecto, camaras trampa y colecta de especimenes. Se establecieron nueve transectos y se colocaron 21 estaciones con camaras trampa en tres localidades del PNCA (16 km2) de agosto del 2012 a abril del 2013. El esfuerzo de muestreo acumulado fue 215 km de censos por transecto y 4077 camara-dias. Registramos 22 especies de mamiferos, 17 registradas con camaras trampa, 11 con censos por transecto y diez con colecta de especimenes. El uso de camaras trampa fue el metodo mas efectivo y cuatro especies (Dasyprocta punctata, Cuniculus paca, Leopardus wiedii y Puma concolor) fueron registradas unicamente con este metodo. El registro de Dasyprocta punctata, es el primero para Peru y Cuniculus paca, el primer registro para la vertiente occidental de los Andes peruanos. Ademas, con avistamientos y colecta de especimenes se confirmo la presencia de Potos flavus para el PNCA siendo tambien el primer registro para la vertiente occidental de los Andes peruanos. A Panthera onca, Tremarctos ornatus y Saimiri sciureus se les considera localmente extintos, mientras que varias especies mas necesitan mayor investigacion para confirmar su presencia. Se resalta la importancia y alta diversidad de estos bosques y se recomienda a las autoridades locales darle prioridad en conservacion
The Structure of Noun Phrase in Safaliba

This paper discusses the structure of Noun Phrase (NP) in Safaliba, a Gur language spoken in northern Ghana. The paper examines structurally, the Safaliba noun phrase which is made up of the obligatory head noun and the optionally occurring elements - pre-modifiers and post-modifiers. The adjective and the determiners are analysed as the modifiers of the noun phrase in Safaliba. The Safaliba noun phrase takes several post modifiers which are strictly ordered since each modifier has a prescribed syntactic position. The paper also supports the view of the Minimalist Program (MP) developed by Chomsky (1995). The data used in this paper are from both verbal and written sources. Based on the data available, the paper hypothesizes the occurrence of a definite article ‘a’ in pre position and adjectives in post position in Safaliba NP. Keywords : Safaliba, Gur, Dagbani, Buli, Noun phrase, Definite article
Modelling the effects of vegetation on stability of slopes

It is well understood that vegetation influences slope stability in two ways: through hydrological effects and mechanical effects. Hydrological effects involve the removal of soil water by evapotranspiration through vegetation, which lead to an increase in soil suction or a reduction in pore-water pressure, hence, an increase in the soil shear strength. The shear strength of the soil is also increased through the mechanical effects of the plant root matrix system. The density of the roots within the soil mass and the root tensile strength contribute to the ability of the soils to resist shear stress. The effects of soil suction and root reinforcement has been quantified as an increase in apparent soil cohesion. This paper investigates the effects of vegetation on the stability of slopes using the finite element method. Two key vegetation-dependent parameters have been incorporated in the finite element slope stability analysis, namely, apparent root cohesion (cR) and depth of root zone (hR). Parametric studies were performed to assess the sensitivity of the stability of a slope to the variation in the key vegetation and soil parameters. Results show that vegetation plays an important role in stabilising shallow-seated failure of slopes, and significantly affects stability.
Computational studies of pressure distribution around a 5:1 rectangular section in turbulent flow

This paper presents a numerical method based on a LES approach to modelling the unsteady flow around and the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a 5:1 rectangular cylinder in the smooth and turbulent flow. A fluid-structure interaction algorithm was also developed to model the aerodynamic behaviour of a half of the bridge deck in the bending and torsional modes. Results from the static and heaving simulations have validated the accuracy of the proposed computational method and revealed the important role of the motion-induced vortex during the lock-in and its interaction with the von Karman vortex. By introducing the bending motion on the bridge deck, some preliminary results of the bending simulation have indicated some distinct features including the variation of the surface pressure and the separation bubble in the spanwise direction which could promote the spanwise flow. The relative strength between the motion-induced vortex and the von Karman vortex was observed to vary across the spanwise length of the bridge deck, largely influencing the response of the bridge deck in the lock-in. The project will go on to investigate these features together with the surface pressure distribution and the pressure coherence and correlation structure in order to offer a quantitative explanation on the turbulence-induced effect on the VIV and torsional flutter of a 5:1 rectangular cylinder.
Essential Oils and Factors Related to Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and a major economic burden worldwide. Various drugs, including antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, and antiplatelet agents, are prescribed to treat CVDs, but these agents have side effects, includ - ing serious side effects such as bleeding. Therefore, efforts are being made to develop new drugs made of natural substances with relatively weak side effects. Essential oils are natural substances extracted from aromatic plants with biological effects, such as antioxi dant and antiinflammatory activities. These oils have therefore long been used in tradi - tional medicines. This chapter reviews the effects of essential oils on CVD-related factors. Essential oils have various effects, including improvements in lipid balance, liver func - tion, and endothelial function; reductions in blood pressure, oxidative stress, thrombosis, and inflammation; promotion of vascular relaxation; and inhibition of diabetes devel - opment and angiogenesis. Therefore, essential oils and their active components may be promising therapeutic agents for CVDs. Further studies are needed to clarify their clini- cal effects and to elucidate their specific mechanisms of activity.
Mapping boreal forest biomass with imagery from polarimetric and semi-polarimetric SAR sensors Mapeamento da biomassa florestal boreal com imagens dos sensores SAR polarimétricos e semi-polarimétricos

Abstract Data from ALOS/Palsar and TerraSAR-X were used to estimate forest biomass in Boreal forest zone in Finland. In the study site in Heinavesi (forest biomass between 0 and 255 tons/ha), the HH-polarised component of dual-polarised ALOS/Palsar produced biomass estimation accuracies (RMSE) between 35 and 42 tons/ha. In the Kuortane site (biomass 0…188 tons/ha) the RMSE varied between 25 and 28 tons/ha. Since only two winter-time scenes from TerraSAR-X were available, TerraSAR-X results were very preliminary. The phase of the HH-VV cross-coherence produced the highest biomass-correlations among the TerraSAR-X derived features. This produced biomass estimation accuracy (RMSE) of 49 tons/ha in the Heinavesi study site. Resumo Dados do ALOS/Palsar e TerraSAR-X foram usados para estimar a biomassa florestal na regiao florestal boreal da Finlândia. Na area de estudos em Heinavesi (biomassa florestal entre 0 e 255 ton/hectares), a componente polarizada-HH de polarizacao dupla do ALOS/Palsar resultou a estimativa da precisao da biomassa (RMSE) entre 35 e 42 tons/hectares. Na area de Kuortane (biomassa florestal entre 0 e 188 ton/hectare) o RMSE variou entre 25 e 28 ton/hectare. Uma vez que apenas duas cenas de inverno do TerraSAR-X estavam disponiveis, os resultados obtidos foram muito preliminares. A fase do HH-VV produziu as maiores correlacoes de biomassa entre os dados derivados da TerraSAR-X. Isto resultou em uma estimativa de precisao (RMSE) de 49 toneladas/hectare na area de estudo Heinavesi.
Efficient Subgraph Search with Presorting and Indexing on Label Frequency

Graphs are widely used to model complicated data semantics in many applications. In this paper, we aim to develop ecient techniques to retrieve graphs, containing a given query graph, from a large set of graphs. Considering the problem of testing subgraph isomorphism is generally NP-hard, most of the existing techniques are based on the framework of ltering-and-verication to reduce the precise computation costs; consequently various novel featurebased indexes have been developed. While the existing techniques work well for small query graphs, the verication phase becomes a bottleneck when the query graph size increases. Motivated by this, in the paper we rstly propose a novel and ecient algorithm for testing subgraph isomorphism. Secondly, we develop a new feature-based index technique to accommodate the proposed algorithm in the ltering phase. Our extensive experiments on real and synthetic data demonstrate the eciency and scalability of the proposed techniques, which signicantly improve the existing techniques.
UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS ON A PUMP ASSEMBLY USING COMPONENT MODE SYNTHESIS

The combined use of the component mode synthesis and the probabilistic uncertainty analysis is studied on an industrial structure. Component mode synthesis (CMS) methods are useful for the analysis of structures that are built-up of several components. The components are modeled individually and their dynamic models, represented by modal bases, are assembled to produce a much smaller model of the whole structure. In the component mode synthesis framework, uncertainties in properties can be naturally and straightforwardly introduced at the component level; properties concerned can be either component or joint model parameters, such as material characteristics, or component modal characteristics. Variations on component modal characteristics both reflect the model and parametric component uncertainties. The structure considered is a free-free two pump component assembly. The whole pump was designed by SULZER Pumps and is used in EDF thermal units. The two frame and bearing support components are assembled using two bolted joints. The variables of interest are the eigenfrequencies of the built-up structure. The uncertain properties are the eigenfrequencies of the two sub-structures: they are modelled in a probabilistic frame as independent random variables defined on intervals determined as a result of 2008-2010 SICODYN international benchmark. A Monte Carlo approach with 1000 runs is applied in order to estimate eigenfrequency statistics on the built-up structure. The following tendencies can be shown: the coefficient of variation of the assembly eigenfrequency values is much lower than the coefficient of variation introduced in the sub-structure eigenfrequency values; the first assembly eigenfrequencies depend on the frame eigenfrequencies and not on the bearing support eigenfrequencies, which is a stiffer component. The present research work has been carried out within the FUI 2012-2015 SICODYN project.
ALLOCATING EDUCATIONAL FUNDING TO MAXIMISE ACADEMIC

This paper discusses the controversial issue of educational resource allocation for the purpose of improving educational standards in secondary schools. The current dilemma is whether educational resources should be directed to increasing school-based resources or directed to supporting teacher training. The paper controversially argues that both positions are non-optimal. It briefly presents the methodological framework of a 4-year ethnographic study conducted in Fiji in the South Pacific. Based on data from the study, it argues that educational outcomes are fundamentally influenced by social and cultural factors. In particular, the closer a community's educational values are to their sociocultural values, the higher that community's educational attainments will be. Hence, higher educational standards are more likely to be achieved by matching the learning culture with the social culture--the tighter the fit, the higher the resulting educational standards will be. Thus, the focus of the controversy should not lie in prioritizing educational resource allocation to either school-based resources or teacher training, but rather in determining the best use for those resources. The ensuing controversy, then, is whether to change the social culture to match the demands of formal education or to change the demands of formal education to match the social culture. Contains a table and
Experimental design and response surface modeling of PI/PES-zeolite 4A mixed matrix membrane for CO2separation

This paper investigates the effect of preparation of polyimide/polyethersulfone (PI/PES) blending-zeolite mixed matrix membrane through the manipulation of membrane production variables such as polymer concentration, blending composition and zeolite loading. Combination of central composite design and response surface methodology were applied to determine the main effect and interaction effects of these variables on membrane separation performance. The quadratic models between each response and the independent parameters were developed and the response surface models were tested with analysis of variance (ANOVA). In this study, PI/ (PES)–zeolite 4A mixed matrix membranes were casted using dry/wet phase inversion technique. The separation performance of mixed matrix membrane had been tested using pure gases such as CO2 and CH4. The results showed that zeolite loading was the most significant variable that influenced the CO2/CH4 selectivity among three variables and the experimental results were in good agreement with those predicted by the proposed regression models. The gas separation performance of the membrane was relatively higher as compare to polymeric membrane. Therefore, combination of central composite design and response surface methodology can be used to prepare optimal condition for mixed matrix membrane fabrication. The incorporation of 20 wt% zeolite 4A into 25 wt% of PI/PES matrix had resulted in a high separation performance of membrane material.
Indigenous strategies and dynamics of resource utilization in tropical wetland. A case study of Yala swamp, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya

The focus of the study is on the significance of the wetland resources utilisation in supporting local livelihood, emerging utilisation and management challenges. Wetland use includes harvesting the macrophytes for roof thatching and craft items. Other uses include grazing, forage gathering, fishing, sand and soil harvesting for brick making. 72% of the harvested macrophytes used at domestic level, balance sold to raise income. Average income in wet season is ca. USD24.94  s.e 2.01 and ca. USD18.29  s.e 1.82 in dry season per month per household respectively. Swamp farming supply 70% of domestic food and energy respectively. The process of acquiring land is significantly correlated to the nature of land tenure (r= 0.282, at p=0.01; r= -0.179, at p=0.05) and the year of settling in this area (r= -0.290, p=0.0; r=0.240 p=0.05) respectively. In the absence of resources use strategy this promotes monotypic utilisation (farming) of the swamp, leading to resource degradation.
The moderating role of cognitive reappraisal in the relationship between job resources and well-being

The aim of this study was to examine the moderation role of cognitive reappraisal, as an emotion regulation strategy, in the relationship between job resources and well-being (work engagement and affective commitment). Data was collected from 64 employees (53% women), which work in a multinational company. The instruments were administrated online. The results show that social support positively relates with affective commitment, and cognitive reappraisal moderates this relation. Work engagement is positively associated with social support and cognitive reappraisal, but the latter has no moderating influence on the relation between work engagement and social support. This study has major practical implications for organizations and emphasizes the importance of studying emotions in association with work related aspects.
Geological Investigations of the southeastern Part of the Repparfjord Tectonic Window

The Repparfjord Tectonic Window(RTW) comprises a package of supracrustal metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. This thesis shows the results of structural geological and bedrock mapping of the southeastern part of the window. The mapping reveals a new stratigraphical order of the lowermost formations of the window. The metasedimentary Saltvatn group is evidentaly the lowermost unit, forming the core of a major anticline, affecting the whole window. The Saltvatn Group is followed by the highly diverse, metavolcanic and metasedimentary Holmvatn Group in the south and the metavolcanic Nussir Group in the north. Two structure geological features, the Skifergangen Shear Zone(SSZ) and the Bratthammer Vein are both kinematical and geometrical compatible with a phase of NW-SE shortening. They both also show minor copper mineralizations associated with quartz/carbonate veins. The Bratthammer vein shows a top to the NW thrust movement along the vein. Within the thrust plane, fault gouge with neocrystalized illite has been sampled and dated using the K-Ar dating method. Ages yielded from the analysis shows that a faulting event must have taken place at the oldest ~460 Ma. , corresponding to the Caledonian Orogeny.
The nature of the crust beneath the Afar triple junction: Evidence from receiver functions

The Afar depression is an ideal locale to study the role of extension and magmatism as rifting progresses to seafloor spreading. Here we present receiver function results from new and legacy experiments. Crustal thickness ranges from ∼45 km beneath the highlands to ∼16 km beneath an incipient oceanic spreading center in northern Afar. The crust beneath Afar has a thickness of 20–26 km outside the currently active rift segments and thins northward. It is bounded by thick crust beneath the highlands of the western plateau (∼40 km) and southeastern plateau (∼35 km). The western plateau shows VP/VS ranging between 1.7–1.9, suggesting a mafic altered crust, likely associated with Cenozoic flood basalts, or current magmatism. The southeastern plateau shows VP/VS more typical of silicic continental crust (∼1.78). For crustal thicknesses <26 km, high VP/VS (>2.0) can only be explained by significant amounts of magmatic intrusions in the lower crust. This suggests that melt emplacement plays an important role in late stage rifting, and melt in the lower crust likely feeds magmatic activity. The crust between the location of the Miocene Red Sea rift axis and the current rift axis is thinner (<22 km) with higher VP/VS (>2.0) than beneath the eastern part of Afar (>26 km, VP/VS < 1.9). This suggests that the eastern region contains less partial melt, has undergone less stretching/extension and has preserved a more continental crustal signature than west of the current rift axis. The Red Sea rift axis appears to have migrated eastward through time to accommodate the migration of the Afar triple junction.
A Simple Method for the Characterization of Antioxidant Property of Different Extracts of Bark of Gethi (Boehmeria rugulosa)

Free radicals are toxic by-products formed naturally as a result of aerobic metabolism in our body. Free radicals include reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (Naskar et al., 2011). Antioxidants are radical scavengers which protect the human body against free radicals stress that may cause severe diseases (Kokczka et al., 2015). Plants are potent biochemical factories and have been components of phytomedicine since time immemorial. These plant-based active components can be derived from any part of plant like bark, leaves, flowers, roots, fruits, seeds, etc. (Venkateswara Rao et al., 2013; Anubhuti et al., 2016). The beneficial medicinal effects of plant materials typically result from the combinations of secondary metabolites present in the plant. Secondary metabolites from plants have important biological and pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-allergic, antibiotic, hypoglycemic and anti-carcinogenic (Borneo et al., 2008; Katalinic et al., 2004; Mulabagal and Tsay, 2004; Sharma et al., 2016). Subsequently antioxidant-based drugs or formulations have gained appreciation for the prevention and treatment of complex diseases like atherosclerosis, stroke, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer (Adamu et International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 4 (2017) pp. 2635-2645 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Differences in Friendship Qualities of Korean and American College Students

The present study explored the friendship characteristics of Korean and American college students. Participants (41 Koreans and 87 Americans) described their friends using a questionnaire (Friendship Quality Questionnaire) and an interview. Because of the inadequacy of the interview coding system, the interview data were not analyzed. Analysis of the FQQ supported the hypothesis that Koreans exhibit higher exclusivity than Americans, but no other country effects emerged. Both U.S. and Korean women reported more intimate disclosure than men. Friendship characteristics of Korea and u.s. students were conceptualized using concepts such as Individualism and Collectivism, Confucianism, and the Korean term "cheong" (affection). Discussion focused on methodological challenges (i.e., sampling, measurement, and multi-method assessment) and limitations of current theoretical perspectives as these apply to the present study and cross-cultural research in general.