Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensing Workers Gait Abnormality for Safety Hazard Identification

Ironwork is considered one of the most dangerous construction trades due to its fall-prone working environment. Since safety-hazard identification is fundamental to preventing ironworkers’ fall accidents, engineering measures have been applied to eliminate fall hazards or to reduce their associated risks. However, a significant quantity of hazards usually remains unidentified or not well assessed because most current efforts rely on human judgment to identify hazards. To enhance hazard identification efforts, this paper develops a technique for detecting the jobsite safety hazards of ironworkers by analyzing their gait anomalies. Using wearable inertial measurement units (WIMUs) to record kinematic data about ironworkers’ gait, this study collected kinematic data while the workers interacted with two types of jobsite hazards. The anomaly level of each gait was modeled using diverse gait-related metrics. Moreover, relationships between safety hazards and worker gait abnormalities were examined through extensive experiment evaluations. The results reveal opportunities for enhancing hazard identification performance by monitoring workers’ bodily response.
The upward streamer mechanism versus step potentials as a cause of injuries from close lightning discharges

A close lightning flash occurred during a soccer match being played in a Johannesburg stadium injuring several players, some seriously. The match was being televised from two directions and the resulting videos show dramatically how various players were affected immediately following the instant of the flash. At least nine players were seen to clasp their heads, and some of those subsequently complained of cramp like pains in their legs, and this is taken as evidence that electric currents flowed from head to foot through them. Of these particular nine players, at least four were filmed with only one foot touching ground, and thus the classical step potential mechanism could not account for their injuries. Thus substantial evidence is presented that the players were more likely to have been subjected to upward directed electric streamers, which, although not detected by the cameras, emanated from the top of their heads and carrying sufficient current to cause the observed physical effects, and in some cases, serious injuries.
Genomic Variations and Immune-Related Features of TMB, PD-L1 Expression and CD8+ T Cell Infiltration in Chinese Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

Background Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and distinct subtype of lung cancer characterized by its aggressiveness and dismal prognosis. However, genomic landscape and immune contexture have not been fully elucidated among PSC patients. Methods In the present study, whole-exome-sequencing (WES) analyses were performed to depict genomic landscape of 38 independent PSC samples. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated with the total number of non-synonymous SNVs and indel variants per megabase of coding regions. PD-L1 expression and CD8+ T cell density were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in PSC samples. Their associations with genomic mutation were further assessed in genes with most frequent mutation. Overall survival (OS) of PSC patients with top mutated genes and high and low TMB, PD-L1 and CD8+ TIL expressions were further compared. Subgroup analyses of OS stratified by morphology and pathological type were conducted. Their correlation with TMB, PD-L1 and CD8+ T cell were further assessed. Results We identified a cohort of genomic and somatic mutation in PSC patients. Subgroup patients with distinct clinicopathological features were found to harbor different genomic mutations and immunologic features. Besides, genomic profiles influenced outcomes, with SARS mutation associated with worsened prognosis. Conclusion Through the mapping of genetic and immunologic landscape, we find the heterogeneity among the subgroups of PSC. Our findings may provide opportunities for therapeutic susceptibility among Chinese PSC patients.
Exploration in the Therapeutic and Multi-Target Mechanism of Ketamine on Cerebral Ischemia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Background Ketamine is famous for its dissociative anesthetic properties. It is also analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant, and even has a cerebral protective effect. We searched the evidence of the correlation between ketamine target and clinical efficacy and utilized network pharmacology to gather information about the multi-target mechanism of ketamine against cerebral ischemia (CI). We found that ketamine’s clinical significance may be more extensive than previously thought. Methods The drug target of ketamine and CI-related genes were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction, DrugBank, PubChem, GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. The intersection of ketamine’s drug-targets and CI-related genes was analyzed by using GO and KEGG. We predicted the molecular docking between the potential target and ketamine. Results The results indicated that the effect of ketamine on CI was primarily associated with the target of α-synuclein (SNCA), muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (CHRM1) and nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1). It principally regulates the signal pathways of circadian transmission, calcium signaling pathway, dopaminergic synapse, cholinergic synapse and glutamatergic synapse. Molecular docking analysis exhibited that hydrogen bond and Pi-Pi interaction were the predominant modes of interaction. Conclusion There are protein targets affected by ketamine in the treatment of CI. Three pivotal targets involving 298 proteins, SNCA, CHRM1 and NOS1, have emerged as multi-target mechanisms for ketamine in CI therapy. Similarly, this study also provides a new idea for introducing network pharmacology into the evaluation of multi-targeted drugs for CI and cerebral protection.
The Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms in Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase, a Key Enzyme of Glutathione Biosynthesis, on Ischemic Stroke Risk and Brain Infarct Size

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore whether polymorphisms in genes encoding the catalytic (GCLC) and modifier (GCLM) subunits of glutamate-cysteine ligase, a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis, play a role in the development of ischemic stroke (IS) and the extent of brain damage. A total of 1288 unrelated Russians, including 600 IS patients and 688 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects, were enrolled for the study. Nine common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GCLC and GCLM genes were genotyped using the MassArray-4 system. SNP rs2301022 of GCLM was strongly associated with a decreased risk of ischemic stroke regardless of sex and age (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.24–0.62, p < 0.0001). Two common haplotypes of GCLM possessed protective effects against ischemic stroke risk (p < 0.01), but exclusively in nonsmoker patients. Infarct size was increased by polymorphisms rs636933 and rs761142 of GCLC. The mbmdr method enabled identifying epistatic interactions of GCLC and GCLM gene polymorphisms with known IS susceptibility genes that, along with environmental risk factors, jointly contribute to the disease risk and brain infarct size. Understanding the impact of genes and environmental factors on glutathione metabolism will allow the development of effective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke and disease prevention.
Marketing Mix to Increase Purchase Intention of Plumbing and Maintenance Services

Now, the service industry has been impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic with low purchase intention. A sole proprietorship company providing a service in all aspects of plumbing and installation of pipes is affected due to low purchase intention from existing and potential customers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the marketing mix on purchase intentions of plumbing and maintenance services. This is because past research has shown that the marketing mix, including the 4Ps (product, price, place, and promotion), can increase customer intention. This is a quantitative study in which data was gathered through a survey approach. All the items were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale. This survey used 150 sample data to study the impact of marketing mix on purchasing intention. Results show that product, price and promotion have positive and significant relationships with purchase intention of plumbing and maintenance services. Then the survey result was used to conduct the intervention for the plumbing and maintenance service provider. A Facebook page was created for the as a social media platform to increase their potential customers’ purchase intentio n. In the two months of intervention, various of contents relevant to product, price and promotion were updated on the Facebook page. The Facebook page successful received 8 potential customers to interact with the company using WhatsApp, 13 potential customers made a phone call asking about the services, and 1 customer purchased the services. Lastly, this study provides useful insights to the plumbing and maintenance service providers on the importance of marketing mix for increased purchase intention.
Detection of Surface and Subsurface Flaws with Miniature GMR-Based Gradiometer

The eddy-current (EC) testing method is frequently utilized in the nondestructive inspection of conductive materials. To detect the minor and complex-shaped defects on the surface and in the underlying layers of a metallic sample, a miniature eddy-current probe with high sensitivity is preferred for enhancing the signal quality and spatial resolution of the obtained eddy-current images. In this work, we propose a novel design of a miniature eddy-current probe using a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor fabricated on a silicon chip. The in-house-made GMR sensor comprises two cascaded spin-valve elements in parallel with an external variable resistor to form a Wheatstone bridge. The two elements on the chip are excited by the alternating magnetic field generated by a tiny coil aligned to the position that balances the background output of the bridge sensor. In this way, the two GMR elements behave effectively as an axial gradiometer with the bottom element sensitive to the surface and near-surface defects on a conductive specimen. The performance of the EC probe is verified by the numerical simulation and the corresponding experiments with machined defects on metallic samples. With this design, the geometric characteristics of the defects are clearly visualized with a spatial resolution of about 1 mm. The results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed miniature GMR EC probe for characterizing the small and complex-shaped defects in multilayer conductive samples.
Localizability With Range-Difference Measurements: Numerical Computation and Error Bound Analysis

This paper studies the localization problem using noisy range-difference measurements, or equivalently time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements. There is a reference sensor, and for each other sensor, the TDOA measurement is obtained with respect to the reference one. By minimizing the sum of squared errors, a nonconvex constrained least squares (CLS) problem is formulated. In this work, we focus on devising an algorithm to seek the global minimizer of the CLS problem, hoping that the numerical solution meets some precision requirement in terms of relative error. Based on the Lagrange multiplier method, we first branch the feasible Lagrange multiplier set into several subsets and develop a workflow in terms of if-then-else control structure to seek the global minimizer by searching for the optimal Lagrange multiplier. The execution order is carefully organized so that it is in line with the general principle of putting the flow that one normally understands to be executed first. We then dive into detailed searching methods in different cases and conduct computational error analysis, giving the error bound on the Lagrange multiplier, when we search for it, to meet the precision requirement on an approximate solution. Based on the above achievements, a programmable global minimizer seeking algorithm is proposed for the CLS problem. Simulations and experimental tests on a public dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
The Impact of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Video Learning Media on Skills Improvement in Nursing Students: Literature Review

Background: Understanding and skills of CPR are very important to be applied correctly and correctly, especially the understanding and skills that must be possessed by all health workers, including nurses. At this time, one of the skills that must be possessed by nursing students before becoming a professional nurse is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). To achieve this ability, appropriate learning methods are needed, one of which is using the audiovisual method. Method: The search for relevant articles or journals is carried out using a database through Google Scholar, Google Scholar, and Pubmed Central (PMC) in the period 2010-2020. The results of the search found 15 articles using nursing interventions but only 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria, namely according to the keywords. The analysis of these 12 journals was carried out based on the design, population, sample, sampling, parameters and conclusions sections. Results From the literature study that has been carried out on research or writing on the same topic, it can be seen that the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) video learning media greatly influences the improvement of skills in nursing students. recall, it will tend to disappear over time. Conclusion: With this, learning media using video can remind what they have learned and can be played over and over again so that they are able to improve the skills of these nursing students
Visceral Adipose Tissue Influence on Health Problem Development and Its Relationship with Serum Biochemical Parameters in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Literature Review

Background The amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) tends to increase with age and is associated with several health problems, such as cardiometabolic diseases, increased infections, and overall mortality. Objectives This review provides a general assessment of how visceral adiposity correlates with the development of health problems and changes in serum biochemical parameters in middle-aged and older adults. Methods We searched specific terms in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases for VAT articles published in the English language between 2009 and 2019 related to older adults. Results The search found twenty-three publications in this period, of which nine were excluded. The publications had a population aged between 42 and 83 years and correlated the VAT area ratio with several comorbidities (such as pancreatitis, depression, cancer, and coronary heart disease) and serum biochemical parameters. Conclusion Further research on the association between visceral obesity and the emergence of health problems and the relationship between VAT and changes in serum biochemical parameters in older individuals should deepen the understanding of this connection and develop preventive actions.
Magnetic Nanofibrous Scaffolds Accelerate the Regeneration of Muscle Tissue in Combination with Extra Magnetic Fields

The reversal of loss of the critical size of skeletal muscle is urgently required using biomaterial scaffolds to guide tissue regeneration. In this work, coaxial electrospun magnetic nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated, with gelatin (Gel) as the shell of the fiber and polyurethane (PU) as the core. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Mag) of 10 nm diameter were added to the shell and core layer. Myoblast cells (C2C12) were cultured on the magnetic scaffolds and exposed to the applied magnetic fields. A mouse model of skeletal muscle injury was used to evaluate the repair guided by the scaffolds under the magnetic fields. It was shown that VEGF secretion and MyoG expression for the myoblast cells grown on the magnetic scaffolds under the magnetic fields were significantly increased, while, the gene expression of Myh4 was up-regulated. Results from an in vivo study indicated that the process of skeletal muscle regeneration in the mouse muscle injury model was accelerated by using the magnetic actuated strategy, which was verified by histochemical analysis, immunofluorescence staining of CD31, electrophysiological measurement and ultrasound imaging. In conclusion, the integration of a magnetic scaffold combined with the extra magnetic fields enhanced myoblast differentiation and VEGF secretion and accelerated the defect repair of skeletal muscle in situ.
DEPTH OF EMBEDMENT OF A SHEET PILE WALL

The solution of sheet pile wall problem in geotechnical engineering is almost as old as the sheet pile wall itself. The established method for determining magnitude of embedment depth is well accepted and almost precise. However several approximate methods and charts have been developed over years to simplify the life of practicing engineers in designing sheet pile wall. Those methods use incoherent methods of analysis, complex parameters and graphs difficult for interpolation. Here author has made an attempt to revisit the problem and simplify the determination of embedment depth of sheet pile wall.
Requirements Analysis & System Design

An examination of the methods and techniques used in the analysis and design phases of Information System development. Emphasis is placed upon the application of object technology in enterprise information systems (EIS) with UML being used throughout. Through its excellent balance of practical explanation and theoretical insight the book manages to avoid unnecessary, complicating details without sacrificing rigor. Examples of real-world scenarios are used throughout, giving the reader an understanding of what really goes on within the field of Software Engineering.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Cooperative Partial Task Offloading and Resource Allocation for IIoT Applications

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has been regarded as one of the pillars supporting the conceptual paradigm of the Industry 4.0. Compared with traditional cloud computing schemes, edge computing provides an effective solution towards easing congestion in backhaul links and core networks, while meeting real-time, security and reliability demands of compute-intensive and delay-sensitive IIoT applications. Many existing studies only optimize end-edge-cloud cooperative task offloading, and neglect the optimization of the communication and computation resource allocation. In this paper, the cooperative partial task offloading and resource allocation (CPTORA) framework is designed, which jointly considers cooperation among various IIoT devices, local edge computing servers (ECSs), non-local ECSs, and cloud computing servers – for balancing the workload of the ECSs and increasing the resource utilization rate. Then, considering the complex dynamics and unpredictability in IIoT environments, the joint optimization problem is modeled as a constrained Markov decision process. Furthermore, we propose an improved soft actor-critic-based CPTORA (ISAC-CPTORA) algorithm, able to make task offloading and resource allocation decisions for each IIoT device. This algorithm innovatively introduces the idea of distributional reinforcement learning to the soft actor-critic, which can effectively reduce Q-value overestimations or underestimations. Meanwhile, this algorithm employs the prioritized experience replay to enhance its learning efficiency. Extensive laboratory experiments indicate that our CPTORA framework and ISAC-CPTORA algorithm efficiently decrease the total system costs (i.e., latency costs and energy costs), in contrast to various baseline frameworks and algorithms.
Rapid Prototyping in Japan

工業製品の生産は過去において は米国, 欧州, 日本が三大拠点であったが, 現在ではこれにアジ アの諸国が加わってきた. しか もそれぞれの地域 の生産能力や生産技術が向上 して地域差が縮まり, さらに貿易障壁がなくなってきたため, 今や製造 業においては厳 しいグローバルな競争状態が日常 的なものとなっている. 世界の中の最適な地で開 発され生産された工業製品が世界中に供給される 時代となりつつある. わが国は工業製品, とりわけ工業消費財の生産 拠点として発展 してきたが, 同時に抜群に強い輸 出競争は激しい円高を生み, これが生産 コス トの 上昇を招き, 多 くの製造業が海外に工場を移すこ ととなった. さらに増え続ける自動車輸出により 諸外国との貿易摩擦が広がり, 消費国に自動車工 場をつくって現地で生産するようになっている. この間, 低成長時代の到来と共に長期にわたる 経済不況が続き, 製造業にとって苦難の時代が続 いてきた. これを打開するためにも新製品開発競 争が激化 し, この ことは限 られたマーケットに, 多様な製品が供給されることになり, かつての大 量生産時代から多種少量生産時代に移ったと言わ れている. さらに, 物質的に豊かな時代となって 消費者ニーズの多様化が進んだこと, また多 くの 工業製品に新技術が取り入れられて製品機能が年々 高度化 していることもあってこの多種少量生産に 拍車をかけることとなっている. また, 販売量の 予想が困難となり, さらに販売量の変動 も大 きく 変化する時代となっている. したがって, 今や工 業製品はあたか も流行商品のごとく, 多種変量生 産の時代に突入 したと言われており, 物づ くりの 技術者にとっては, ますます厳 しい時代となって いる. しか し, 同時にわが国は, このような多種 変量生産時代に対応する高度な生産技術を確立 し っつある世界の中で唯一の国となっている.
Antibacterial and Wound-Healing Activities of Statistically Optimized Nitrofurazone- and Lidocaine-Loaded Silica Microspheres by the Box–Behnken Design

In the current study, nitrofurazone- (NFZ) and lidocaine-loaded (LD) silica microspheres were fabricated to address pathological indications of skin infections. The microspheres were prepared by the sol–gel method applying the Box–Behnken design and evaluated for size distribution, morphology, zeta potential, physico-chemical compatibility, XRD, thermogravimetric analysis, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. The comparative in vitro drug release study of microspheres revealed a 30% release of NFZ and 33% of LD after 8 h. The microspheres showed 81% percentage yield (PY) and 71.9% entrapment efficiency. XRD patterns confirmed the entrapment of NFZ–LD in silica microspheres with a significant reduction in crystallinity of the drugs. Thermal and FTIR studies proved the absence of any profound interactions of the formulation ingredients. The smooth spherical microspheres had a −28 mV zeta potential and a 10–100 µm size distribution. In vitro antibacterial activities of the NFZ–LD microspheres showed an increased zone of inhibition compared to pure drug suspensions. The in vivo efficacy tested on rabbits showed a comparatively rapid wound healing with complete lack of skin irritation impact. The cytotoxicity studies revealed more acceptability of silica microspheres with negligible harm to cells. The study suggests that the NFZ- and LD-loaded silica microspheres would be an ideal system for accelerating and promoting rapid healing of various acute and chronic wounds.
Pattern in early years mathematics curriculum: a 25-year review of the status, positioning and conception of pattern in England

ABSTRACT Pattern is fundamental to mathematical learning yet pattern has been conspicuously low key within early mathematics curriculum guidance in England despite evidence that it predicts later attainment in mathematics overall. Whilst recent curriculum changes have seen pattern afforded enhanced status, this is within a conception of pattern that marks a significant shift away from the evidence base. Through analysis of 25 years of early mathematics curriculum in England, this article identifies a curriculum landscape where pattern has been afforded little attention and narrowly framed. It finds that positioning pattern as a minor topic in mathematics potentially limits children’s access to “powerful knowledge”, in a critical realist sense, and to learning which is fundamental to deep, connected mathematical understanding. Recognition of pattern as powerful knowledge would position it as an essential, broad, central tenet of early childhood mathematics education and as an entitlement at the heart of national curricula.