Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pratylenchus penetrans on the infection of Brown Stem Rot in adzuki bean

Effect of Pratylenchus penetrans on the infection of Brown Stem Rot in adzuki bean 1. Eiiti Yamada 2, Futoshi Sakuma 2, Ken Hashizume 3, Minoru Takahashi 2, Yoichiro Fukuhara 4, Kiroku Kobayashi 5 and Norio Kondo 6. Inoculation test was conducted to confirm the influence of Pratylenchus penetrans on the infection of adzuki bean by Phialophora gregata f. sp. adzukicola, causal agent of brown stem rot of adzuki bean, in the green house. It was considered that high densities of P. penetrans enhanced the invasion of P. gregata f. sp. adzukicola to adzuki bean and the ratio of the highest brownish node to total nodes of adzuki bean. From the result, P. penetrans was clarified as one factor which enhanced the invasion of P gregata f. sp. adzukicola to adzuki bean. Jpn. J. Nematol. 35(2), 71-77 (2005).
Recent advances in the rapid detection of Bacillus anthracis

Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming rod that causes anthrax. Culturebased methods are the gold standard for the identification of virulent B. anthracis strains but these require days for completion. The experience from the anthrax attacks in September and October of 2001 revealed the urgent need for methods that can rapidly detect this pathogen with high reliability. Because of the extensive homology among non-anthrax Bacillus sp. at the chromosomal level, rapid detection of virulent B. anthracis strains depends on markers associated with the two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2, responsible for its virulence. Genes encoding toxins and capsules have been used as markers for pXO1 and pXO2, respectively, in methods that are designed for rapid and sensitive detection of B. anthracis DNA, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction, direct liquid phase hybridization, andDNAmicroarrays. A variety of platforms can be modified to suit the needs for rapid detection of B. anthracis antigens, but little is known about plasmid-encoded antigens expressed in spores. Future studies should be aimed at detecting markers for pXO1 and pXO2in viable spores. 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Huntingtin and mitosis

Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by the pathogenic expansion of the poly-glutamine (polyQ) N-terminal stretch in the huntingtin protein (HTT; encoded by HTT). HD is characterized by the dysfunction and death of neurons in the brain, leading to devastating cognitive, psychiatric, and motor symptoms in patients. Studies in multiple cell and animal model systems support the notion that polyQ expansion in mutant HTT leads to the gain of new toxic functions and loss of the neuroprotective functions of the wild-type HTT. During my thesis, I focused on the description and functional validation of a new tool to study HTT: pARIS-htt. pARIS-htt is a synthetic gene built to facilitate cloning and tagging of full-length HTT. Using different cellular approaches, we showed that pARIS-htt can replace endogenous HTT in the transport of Golgi and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) containing vesicles. pARIS-htt mutant version could not restore vesicular transport when endogenous HTT was knocked-down. Moreover, we generated pARIS-htt deletion mutants for HTT interaction domain with dynein, a minus-end directed motor protein, and huntingtin associated protein 1 (HAP1), a HTT interactor. Both deletion mutants failed to restore vesicular transport in gene replacement assays. Another aspect of my thesis was the study of HTT during mitosis. We showed that HTT monitors spindle orientation though its interaction with diverse proteins involved in cell division. This function is lost when HTT is mutated and can be reverted by Akt phosphorylation at serine 421. The control of spindle orientation is particularly important during neurogenesis since spindle orientation and the mode of division of apical progenitors are implicated in the determination of cell fate. This function of HTT is conserved in D. melanogaster. This study contributes to the understanding of HTT functions and suggests new therapeutical approaches to treat HD.
Growth rate and abundance of common fishes is negatively related to dissolved organic carbon concentration in lakes

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can limit food web productivity in lakes, potentially imposing resource limitation on fishes. We asked whether the abundance or early growth rate of three fish species was negatively related to DOC in 59 lakes in southern Quebec, Canada, where DOC concentrations ranged from 4 to 16 mg·L−1 for lakes containing walleye (Sander vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and from 2.6 to 9 mg·L−1 for lakes containing lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Estimates of abundance and growth rate were more precise for walleye and lake trout than for yellow perch because of differences in sample size. Abundance was negatively related to DOC for walleye and perhaps also for lake trout and yellow perch. Early growth rate was negatively related to DOC for walleye and lake trout, but not for yellow perch. These results support a growing body of literature suggesting that the productivity of fish populations may be negatively related to DOC concentrations in lakes.
Development of a DNA probe for detection of nuclear polyhedrosis virus in the forest tent caterpillar Malacosoma disstria Hbn

Many species of forest Lepidoptera show eight to twelve year population cycles. Viral disease could explain characteristics of population fluctuations in forest tent caterpillars (FTC) Malacosoma disstria Hbn. Until now, virus detection relied on microscopic exam ination for polyhedra of virus in smears of caterpillars or other potentially contaminated material on stained microscope slides. The main objective of this thesis was to develop an efficient detection system for nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of FTC in the form of a NPV DNA probe. Pure DNA was isolated from virions of the western tent caterpillar, digested with BamHI, and a 2,000 bp fragment which hybridized to the polyhedrin gene of Autographa californica NPV cloned into pGEM then purified for use as a probe. Samples of FTC from a peak density population in the vicinity of Prince George B.C. were tested for presence of virus using both detection systems, the DNA hybridization to a NPV DNA probe, and microscopic examination for polyhedra. Results showed variation between the two techniques but no consistent trend toward one technique showing more or fewer infected individuals. Large sample sizes are necessary to overcome this variation. Because it is much easier to process large sample sizes with the DNA probe its benefits are evident. Distribution of virus in the Prince George population of tent caterpillars was exam ined. Samples of different life stages of FTC adults, larvae, pupae, egg masses as well as FTC parasitoids were tested with the DNA probe. Some individuals of all stages and parasitoids gave positive responses to the DNA probe with adults and parasitoids show ing a particularly high frequency of infection. Egg mass and parasitoid contamination could play a role in transmission of the virus.
Delayed Overshooting: Is It an ’80s Puzzle?

We reinvestigate the delayed overshooting puzzle. Using a method of sign restrictions, we find that delayed overshooting is primarily a phenomenon of the 1980s when the Fed was under the chairmanship of Paul Volcker. Related findings are as follows: (1) Uncovered interest parity fails to hold during the Volcker era and tends to hold during the post-Volcker era; (2) US monetary policy shocks have substantial impacts on exchange rate variations but misleadingly appear to have small impacts when monetary policy regimes are pooled. In brief, we confirm Dornbusch’s overshooting hypothesis.
THE ANALYSIS OF CYTOCHROME B SEQUENCES FOR BISON BONASUS (ARTIODACTYLA: BOVIDAE) INDIVIDUALS FROM VÂNĂTORI-NEAMȚ AND NEAGRA-BUCȘANI NATIONAL PARKS

Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) has proven to be a useful tool in molecular phylogenetic studies, because evolutionary relationships can be inferred in depth, between recently divergent groups, populations, species, and even individuals. In this experiment we investigated the genetic variability of Bison bonasus individuals from Vânători Neamț and Neagra Bucșani National Parks, by analyzing cyt b nucleotide sequences. The study allowed us to identify the haplotypes, the nucleotide frequencies, mt-DNA divergence and phylogenetic relationships within studied populations. In this study we observed 3 haplotypes at Vânători Neamț population and 2 haplotypes at Neagra Bucșani population.
Full-State Feedback Control Design for Shape Formation using Linear Quadratic Regulator

This study investigated the capability of a group of agents to form a desired shape formation by designing the feedback control using a linear quadratic regulator. In real application, the state condition of agents may change due to some particular problems such as a slow input response. In order to compensate for the problem that affects agent-to-agent coordination, a robust regulator was implemented into the formation algorithm. In this study, a linear quadratic regulator as the full-state feedback of robust regulator method for shape formation was considered. The result showed that a group of agents can form the desired shape (square) formation with a modification of the trajectory shape of each agent. The results were validated through numerical experiments.
Measuring the construction of discoursal expertise through corpus-based genre analysis

While corpus analysis has long been useful for developing genre-based teaching materials in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), somewhat less attention has been paid to how well people actually learn to use the genre features identified. This study shows how individuals’ use of genre features changes over time, as a function of growing disciplinary experience. Using a measure of standard deviation, the study examines how five geologists show increasing discoursal expertise in their writing over a ten-year period. The method of analysis used allows for comparison of individual and collective uses of the generic features authors use to construct their disciplinary voice. reveal this shift, this study examines how five researchers in geology construct their disciplinary voice in English over a period of ten years, beginning with an early publication based on their doctoral dissertation. To identify how each author uses the features of disciplinary voice over time, the study proposes a method to date unused in genre-based
Nutrient recovery from foam with microwave treatment

Phosphorus recovery and solids reduction potential from foam generated in the anoxic reactor of membrane-enhanced biological phosphorus removal system were studied using the microwave-enhanced advanced oxidation process (MW/H2O2-AOP). The MW/H2O2-AOP-treated foam at different experimental conditions showed significant improvement in solubilisation of orthophosphate, ammonia, volatile fatty acids and soluble chemical oxygen demand as well as settling and dewatering ability. The most significant factors maximising orthophosphate release in the order of most to least affecting were (i) microwave heating temperature, (ii) combined effect of microwave heating temperature and hydrogen peroxide addition and (iii) addition of sulfuric acid. At temperature 180°C, pH 3 and hydrogen peroxide dosage 0·5% v/v, nutrient solubilisation, settling, and dewatering properties were at their maximum with 67% of the total phosphate solubilised as orthophosphate.
Standardising the single and double letter cancellation test for South African military personnel

Neuropsychological testing is widely used for specialised placements within the military. Within the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), there is concern about the representation of the normative information currently available for these tests. The letter cancellation test, a paper-and-pencil-based test used as a quick measure of attention, is subject to unstandardised administration and scoring procedures as well as broad cut-off scores. The aim of this study was to develop detailed administration and scoring procedures for the single and double letter cancellation test and to provide preliminary normative data on these versions of the test in the SANDF. A non-probability sampling strategy resulted in a sample of 292 participants. Normative data are provided for the total sample and classified into three performance categories: omissions, errors and time. Between-group comparisons indicated gender and age-related differences (but no differences for rank) in terms of time, and normative data are therefore also provided for related subgroups.
Phase of Division and Budding of Human Erythrocytes in Serum-Free Cultures and Further Refinement Mass Production Plan by Amphiphilic Surfactants

Copyright: © 2013 Niimi G. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The presence of erythropoietin receptors and erythropoiesis on erythrocytes is disputable. However, the specific binding of erythropoietin to mammalian erythrocytes was reported [1-6] as well as gene expressions [7-9]. Recently, we proposed a growth-division and fission process involving adult human erythrocytes [10]. More recently, Andes-Koback and Keating [11] and Terasawa et al. [12] reported the budding and division of primitive anucleate model cells. Here, we show the division and budding of human erythrocytes following the delayed addition of erythropoietin in serum-free cultures and further refinement mass production plan by amphiphilic surfactants [13-15].
Impact on The Supply Chain in a Hospital Environment Caused by the Coronavirus Inside the State of Amazonas

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020. 5.5. 482 Vol 5 | Issue 5 | September 2020 1 Abstract — With the emergence of a pandemic in the world caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19), many companies closed doors because of the lack of capital to maintain operational performance. Still, others reinvented and adapted themselves during this problem. The impact was no different on the industries, mainly on their supply chain, on inventories, and production rates, whether they are small, medium, or large. The fact is that no one left unscathed as a result of this pandemic. The general objective of this study was to present the impact on the supply chain in the hospital environment in the interior of the Amazonas state, which has an entirely different logistics arrangement from anywhere in the world. The results indicate that the proper functioning of the hospital system is directly related to the capacity to supply adequate materials that guarantee the execution of procedures with quality and higher patient satisfaction.
Discrete free-boundary reaction-diffusion model of diatom pore occlusions

Background - Diatoms are unicellular algae, prolific in nearly all aqueous environments on earth. They are encased between two siliceous valves that each feature a variety of intricately patterned species-specific siliceous structures. How diatoms use biological and physical processes to form these tiny detailed structures is largely unknown. This work is concerned with the smallest regular structures in diatom valves, the pore occlusions, and the processes involved in their formation.Theory and method - We developed a discrete, free-boundary, reaction-diffusion computer model to assess a new physically motivated hypothesis: pore occlusion patterns in the genus Achnanthes are simply expressions of silica diffusion and deposition within a pore covered by a membrane (silicalemma), whose deformation interacts with the growth of the pore boundary to control the silica influx.Preliminary results and discussion - Simulations generate some promising pore features such as bifurcating and curved protrusions that grow towards one another, as seen in diatom pore occlusions. But they tend to be irregular and, to date, taking into account of smoothing and regularizing effects only partially symmetrized formations. Potential future work on this point is outlined.
Stomach Content Analysis of the Invasive Mayan Cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) in the Tampa Bay Watershed

Throughout their native range in Mexico, Mayan Cichlids (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) have been documented to have a generalist diet consisting of fishes, invertebrates, and mainly plant material. In the Everglades ecosystem, invasive populations of Mayan Cichlids displayed an omnivorous diet dominated by fish and snails. Little is known about the ecology of invasive Mayan Cichlids in the fresh and brackish water habitats in the Tampa Bay watershed. During the summer and fall of 2018 and summer of 2019, adult and juvenile Mayan Cichlids were collected via hook-and-line with artificial lures or with cast nets in seven sites across the Tampa Bay watershed. Fish were fixed in 10% formalin, dissected, and stomach contents were sorted and preserved in 70% ethanol. After sorting, stomach contents were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible and an Index of Relative Importance (IRI) was calculated for each taxon. The highest IRI values calculated for stomach contents of Mayan Cichlids collected in the Tampa Bay watershed were associated with gastropod mollusks in adults and ctenoid scales in juveniles. The data suggest that Mayan Cichlids in Tampa Bay were generalist carnivores. Introduction The Mayan Cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) was first described by Günther (1862) as a part of his Catalog of the Fishes in the British Museum. They are a tropical freshwater fish native to the Atlantic coast of Central America and can be found in habitats such as river drainages, lagoonal systems, and offshore cays (Paperno et al. 2008). They have also been observed in brackish and marine systems (Stauffer and Boltz 1994). The cichlids have been recorded surviving in a wide range of environmental conditions which has helped them colonize a variety of habitats, where they can out-compete native species (Adams and Wolfe 2007, Bergmann and Motta 2005, Schofield et al. 2009). Mayan Cichlids have a widely varying diet depending on the habitat they live in making it difficult to determine specific feeding patterns (Chavez-Lopez et al. 2005, Harrison et al. 2013). Vaslet et al. (2012) addressed this problem by focusing their study on a native population of juveniles found in mangrove ponds of Belize. Their research found that the juvenile Mayan Cichlid’s diet varied depending on the food available to it. The juveniles in the two ponds sampled fed on similar prey types but in different concentrations (Vaslet et al 2012). Most commonly, the cichlids were recorded eating small crustaceans.
Response of ecosystem metabolism to low densities of spawning Chinook Salmon

Marine derived nutrients delivered by large runs of returning salmon are thought to subsidize the in situ food resources that support juvenile salmon. In the Pacific Northwest, USA, salmon have declined to <10% of their historical abundance, with subsequent declines of marine derived nutrients once provided by large salmon runs. We explored whether low densities (<0.001 spawners/m2) of naturally spawning Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) can affect ecosystem metabolism. We measured gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) continuously before, during, and after salmon spawning. We compared downstream reaches with low densities of spawning salmon to upstream reaches with fewer or no spawners in 3 mid-sized (4th-order) rivers in northern Washington. In addition, we measured chemical, physical, and biological factors that may be important in controlling rates of GPP and ER. We observed that low densities of spawning salmon can increase GPP by 46% during spawning, but values quickly return to those observed before spawning. No difference in ER was observed between up- and downstream reaches. Based on our results, salmon density, temperature, and the proximity to salmon redds were the most important factors controlling rates of GPP, whereas temperature was most important for ER. These results suggest that even at low spawning densities, salmon can stimulate basal resources that may propagate up the food web. Understanding how recipient ecosystems respond to low levels of marine derived nutrients may inform nutrient augmentation studies aimed at enhancing fish populations.
The Role of Waterbirds in the Dispersal of Freshwater Cladocera and Bryozoa in Southern Africa

It has long been presumed that waterbirds disperse the propagules of aquatic organisms. However, it is only in recent years that this claim has been empirically explored and little is still known about waterbird-mediated dispersal in southern Africa. Aquatic invertebrates are thought to be well adapted to dispersal by waterbirds because of their ability to produce hardy resting eggs. We explored the capacity of waterbirds to disperse the eggs of both cladocera and bryozoans via endo- and ectozoochory. We examined 283 faecal samples and 394 feather brushings from six waterbird species and two wetland sites in South Africa for the presence of diapausing eggs. A total of 108 intact diaspores were recovered, with intact eggs present in 16% and 7% of the faecal samples and feather brushings, respectively. Our results indicate that southern African waterbirds do take up the resting eggs of aquatic invertebrates and that these eggs can survive intact through the gut or remain attached to the feathers. These results provide evidence that waterbirds may be important vectors for aquatic invertebrates in southern Africa and imply that waterbirds may play a vital role in maintaining connectivity between invertebrate populations in isolated wetland patches.