Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and neural mechanisms of latent inhibition

Fear is an adaptive emotion that serves to protect an organism against potential dangers. It is often studied using classical conditioning paradigms where a conditioned stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus to induce a threat response. Less commonly studied is a phenomenon that is related to this form of conditioning, known as latent inhibition. Latent inhibition (LI) is a paradigm in which a neutral cue is repeatedly presented in the absence of any aversive associations. Subsequent pairing of this pre-exposed cue with an aversive stimulus typically leads to reduced expression of a conditioned fear/threat response. In this article, we review some of the theoretical basis for LI and its behavioral and neural mechanisms. We compare and contrast LI and fear/threat extinction—a process in which a previously conditioned cue is repeatedly presented in the absence of aversive outcomes. We end with highlighting the potential clinical utility of LI. Particularly, we focus on how LI application could be useful for enhancing resilience, especially for individuals who are more prone to continuous exposure to trauma and stressful environments, such as healthcare workers and first responders. The knowledge to be gained from advancing our understanding of neural mechanisms in latent inhibition could be applicable across psychiatric disorders characterized by exaggerated fear responses and impaired emotion regulation.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes Related to Antimicrobial Properties of Lysostaphin in Staphylococcus aureus

Comparative transcriptome analysis and de novo short-read assembly of S. aureus Newman strains revealed significant transcriptional changes in response to the exposure to triple-acting staphylolytic peptidoglycan hydrolase (PGH) 1801. Most altered transcriptions were associated with the membrane, cell wall, and related genes, including amidase, peptidase, holin, and phospholipase D/transphosphatidylase. The differential expression of genes obtained from RNA-seq was confirmed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Moreover, some of these gene expression changes were consistent with the observed structural perturbations at the DNA and RNA levels. These structural changes in the genes encoding membrane/cell surface proteins and altered gene expressions are the candidates for resistance to these novel antimicrobials. The findings in this study could provide insight into the design of new antimicrobial agents.
High early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, within a sub-optimal range, is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Low early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels can increase gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk, although inconsistent findings related to that association have been reported. This study examined the association of serum vitamin D with GDM and the possible influencers on this association. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study included 259 pregnant women within the Seremban Cohort Study (SECOST). Blood samples at < 14 weeks of gestation were drawn to determine serum 25(OH)D levels. GDM diagnosis was made at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation using a standard procedure. Association between serum vitamin D and GDM was tested using binary logistic regression. RESULTS Nearly all women (90%) had mild (68.3%) or severe (32.2%) vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Non-GDM women with mild VDD had a significantly higher mean vitamin D intake than GDM women with mild VDD (t = 2.04, p < 0.05). Women with higher early pregnancy serum vitamin D levels had a greater risk of GDM. However, this significant association was only identified among those with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and in women with a body mass index indicating overweight or obese status. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of VDD in this sample of pregnant women underscores the need for effective preventive public health strategies. Further investigation of this unexpected association between serum vitamin D level and GDM risk in predominantly VDD pregnant women and the potential effects of adiposity and family history of T2DM on that association is warranted.
Effect of Additional Transmitting Coils on Transfer Distance in Multiple-Transmitter Wireless Power Transfer System

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been widely introduced and developed over the past few years. Nevertheless, the basic WPT configuration using one transmitting (Tx) coil and one receiving (Rx) coil still achieves very limited performance in terms of power transfer distance. To overcome this limitation, various multi-coil WPT systems using three or more coils have been studied. Among them, a multiple-input single-output (MISO) structure can provide the Rx with advanced freedom in an extensive lateral area. However, few studies have investigated how far multi-Tx coils can increase the transfer distance. In this paper, we analyze the transfer distance and lateral coverage based on the generalized critical coupling condition and system energy efficiency according to the number of additional Tx coils in the MISO WPT system. The results demonstrate that the MISO WPT system using planarly arranged Tx coils improves by barely 1% in the optimal transfer distance, which achieves the maximum output power condition in a single-Tx WPT system. To validate our analysis, the MISO WPT system with seven Tx coils and seven LCC inverters was implemented and its performance was assessed. The measured results agreed well with the theoretically calculated results.
Computational Intelligence and Metaheuristic Techniques for Brain Tumor Detection through IoMT-Enabled MRI Devices

The brain tumor is the 22nd most common cancer worldwide, with 1.8% of new cancers. It is likely the most severe ailment that necessitates early discovery and treatment, and it requires the competence of neurosubject-matter experts and radiologists. Because of their enormous increases in data search and extraction speed and accuracy, as well as individualized treatment suggestions, machine and deep learning techniques are being increasingly commonly applied throughout healthcare industries. The current study depicts the methodologies and procedures used to detect a tumor inside the brain utilizing machine and deep learning techniques. Initially, data were preprocessed using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization. Then, features were extracted using principal component analysis and independent component analysis (ICA). Next, the image was smoothed using multiple optimization techniques such as firefly and cuckoo search, lion, and bat optimization. Finally, Naïve Bayes and recurrent neural networks were utilized to classify the improved results. According to the findings, the ICA with cuckoo search and Naïve Bayes has the best mean square error rate of 1.02. With 64.81% peak signal-to-noise and 98.61% accuracy, ICA with hybrid optimization and a recurrent neural network (RNN) proved to better than the other algorithms. Furthermore, a Smartphone application is designed to perform quick and decisive actions. It helps neurologists and patients identify the tumor from a brain image in the early stages.
Folk Labeling: Insights on Improving Usability and Saving Energy Gleaned from After-Market Graffiti on Common Appliances

The after-market labeling of a device by its users often indicates problematic usability, which can affect the device's energy consumption. For example, when people find a lighting control panel difficult to use, they often write instructions on a piece of paper and affix it nearby as a reminder to themselves and to help others. We collected over a hundred examples of these “folk labels” from commercial and residential buildings through an online contest inviting people to upload photos of folk label examples, informal solicitation of colleagues, online searches, and personal observation. Some folk labels offered guidance or reminders (e.g., turn off light before fan on a projector); some provided specific instructions for multi-function controls or addressed problems identifying orientation or direction (right/left, on/off). We categorized these folk labels (e.g., by location, subject, form, etc.), and analyzed them according to usability guidelines and heuristics 1 . In addition, we evaluated their potential impact on energy consumption. We found that most folk labels indicated usability issues in three areas: visibility of available options, natural mappings, and consistency. For example, one light switch looked like a simple toggle ON-OFF control, but actually could control various dimming options (violated “visibility of available options” principle). One would naturally turn the light on full power if one did not know how to use the dimming capability. We discovered that folk labeling provides a simple means of identifying usability problems.
A Compact, Hybrid SIW Filter With Controllable Transmission Zeros and High Selectivity

A novel, highly selective, and compact filter with controllable transmission zeros (TZs) is proposed in this brief. The hybrid structure of the proposed filter is based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and microstrip line resonators. The negative magnetic coupling was introduced through a full-wavelength microstrip line resonator, and the additional TZ was added by the cross-coupling of indirectly connected resonators in the traditional box-like topology. Consequently, high selectivity is achieved with TZs located at both sides of the passband. The independent control of the left and right TZs can be realized by controlling the cross-coupling and external coupling. The proposed work achieves good performance, including sharp skirt characteristics, compact size, and low loss. As a validation of the concept and performance, a filter prototype designed following the procedure is fabricated and measured.
Analysis of Phase Error Effects Due to Grid Frequency Variation of SRF-PLL Based on APF

This paper proposes a compensation algorithm for reducing a specific ripple component on synchronous reference frame phase locked loop (SRF-PLL) in grid-tied single-phase inverters. In general, SRF-PLL, which is based on all-pass filter to generate virtual voltage, is widely used to estimate the grid phase angle in a single-phase system. In reality, the estimated grid phase angle might be distorted because the phase difference between actual and virtual voltages is not 90 degrees. That is, the phase error is caused by the difference between cut-off frequency of all-pass filter and grid frequency under grid frequency variation. Therefore, the effects on phase angle and output current attributed to the phase error are mathematically analyzed in this paper. In addition, the proportional resonant (PR) controller is adapted to reduce the effects of phase error. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified through several simulations and experiments.
Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Mobile Learning in K-12 Education in Saudi Arabia: Towards a Shift in the Saudi Education System vis-à-vis Saudi 2030 Vision

The Saudi Arabian government is committed to updating and improving its education system. Thus, in March 2017, a project was declared to convert the existing book-based methodology to modern, mobile technology in the K-12 education space by 2021. As part of this process, a deep-dive literature review of student acceptance of mobile learning confirmed that there was limited research into what elements had an effect on how much students were likely to accept learning with mobile applications in the five to 18-year-old demographic of K-12. The conclusion of the literature review was that the Saudi Arabian Education Ministry must acquire an understanding of these elements in order to strategize the implementation of the new technology. This study approached high school students, aged 16 – 18, in Saudi Arabia, to examine the elements which would influence their acceptance of mobile learning technology. The research consolidated known elements of education, namely learning self-management, system quality, and hedonic motivation with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to create a significant theoretical model for the new technology in a high school setting. Conclusions were drawn that societal influence did not affect the student’s approach to mobile learning, but that learning self-management, the expectancy of effort and performance, hedonic motivation and the quality of the system did affect the acceptance behaviour of the students. It was also noted that gender was not a significant factor in the study
UML Templates Distilled

UML templates are possibly the most neglected and misused piece of knowledge in UML modelling. This subject has been disregarded in the research and practice literature and even by modelling tools providers. This paper suggests that such oblivion results from a general misunderstanding that UML templates are just graphical representations of genericity like it is found in programming languages, and from the insufficient support from the modelling tools, with a consequence of poor usage of UML templates in practice. Indeed, the capabilities and potential of UML templates are far-reaching. Increasing awareness around them could bring significant benefits for UML users, namely, higher-level abstraction and reuse. Therefore, this paper provides a distilling tutorial on UML templates to highlight their flexibility and advantages. That presentation follows a tutorial style and is supported by several illustrative examples, varying from simpler to more complex ones. This tutorial reviews the Template construct’s core concepts and terminology, presents constraining classifiers and shows how to define properties and operations as template parameters. Then, it presents and discusses advanced aspects such as operation templates, parameter defaults, the relationship between binding and generalization, and the specific semantics of package templates. Furthermore, the paper discusses the related work and uncovers some of the UML templates’ limitations and opportunities for improvement.
Small interfering RNAs targeting agrA and sarA attenuate pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in Caenorhabditis elegans.

INTRODUCTION The use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) gene silencing is a promising therapeutic option as it does not impose selective pressure on bacteria that is often associated with the development of resistance. The study assessed the effect of siRNA targeted to sarA and agrA in S. aureus and the relationship between the transcriptional response, biofilm formation and pathogenicity. METHODOLOGY siRNAs designed against agrA and sarA were electroporated into methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains. mRNA levels, growth kinetics, biofilm formation and minimal inhibitory concentration were measured. Efficacy of siRNA in bacteria was assessed using survival assays in a C. elegans model. Differences in gene expression before and after siRNA treatment were anaysed using the paired t-test, while the log rank test was used to assess the significance of any difference among survival rates of nematodes. RESULTS Biofilm formation decreased significantly in siRNA treated strains and growth rates of siRNA treated strains were significantly higher compared to untreated strains. We observed significant decreases in the transcriptional response in siRNA treated strains, with concomitant significant increases in the lifespan of C. elegans worms exposed to siRNA-treated versus untreated strains. CONCLUSIONS siRNA targeted to agrA and sarA lowered mRNA transcription and pathogenicity of S. aureus.
Improved Global Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic System via Cuckoo Search under Partial Shaded Conditions

Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are ineffective under partially shaded conditions because multiple local maximum can be exhibited on power–voltage characteristic curve. This study proposes an improved cuckoo search (ICS) MPPT method after investigating the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm applied in solving multiple MPPT. The algorithm eliminates the random step in the original CS algorithm, and the conception of low-power, high-power, normal and marked zones are introduced. The adaptive step adjustment is also realized according to the different stages of the nest position. This algorithm adopts the large step in low-power and marked zones to reduce search time, and a small step in high-power zone is used to improve search accuracy. Finally, simulation and experiment results indicate that the promoted ICS algorithm can immediately and accurately track the global maximum under partially shaded conditions, and the array output efficiency can be improved.
Evaluating an Inpatient Created Art Installation on Perceptions of the Physical Environment, Health Status, and Rehabilitation Motivation

Objectives: A methodology to assess the impact of involving end users in therapeutic activities to address the hospital physical environment is provided. The impact of participating in a recreational art creation program with the aim of developing an art installation on the immediate feelings of participants and their perception of the physical rehabilitation environment (PPRE) and motivation to participate in rehabilitation (MPR) is investigated. Background: Rehabilitation unit design has largely excluded the perspectives of end users with disability. Including their aesthetic design contributions moves beyond contemporary approaches where their perspectives are considered. Methods: A two-period, mixed-methods pre–post intervention design involving within and between group comparisons is proposed. During Period 1, program participants and nonparticipants completed admission (T1) and discharge (T2) surveys including PPRE and MPR measures developed by the authors. Surveys pre and post each art session were completed. The art installation will be implemented within unit corridors. Period 2 participants will complete a T1 survey and their physical environment perceptions compared to Period 1 participants. Results: Participating in the recreational art program significantly improved immediate levels of calmness, happiness, pain, and physical health. There is a positive relationship between environment perception and rehabilitation motivation. Conclusions: People with disability should be actively involved in healthcare environment design. Arts-based programs have relevance to people with neurological injury as it promotes essential sensory stimulation. The methodology and findings can encourage further work which involves end users in the design of healthcare environments and evaluates the impact of their involvement.
Cytotoxicity and Hemostatic One Step Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Coated with Green Tea for Biomedical Application

Heparin and its low molecular weight are anticoagulants that prevent the formation and extension of blood clots. However, these anticoagulant causes bleeding that takes longer to stop. Here, we explore using magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) as a safe and effective nontherapeutic agent for blood clotting prevention. In this work, Magnetic iron oxide coated with green tea (GT@Fe3O4NPs) was successfully synthesized using a simple eco-friendly green method. Green tea is employed as a green reducing and stabilizing agent. We employed this method as a new low-cost and time-consuming route. Structural, blood biocompatibility and anticoagulant properties of the (GT@Fe3O4NPs) were analyzed. These analyses showed that the particles were of uniform shapes and sizes of 25 - 36 nm with a coating of GTPs. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurement demonstrated a saturation magnetization of 4.90 emu/g with negligible coercivity and retentivity, indicating the superparamagnetic behavior of the GT@Fe3O4NPs at room temperature. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were highly stable and well-dispersed in an aqueous medium through their hydrophilic coating of GTPs. Cell viability and prothrombin time (PT) showed excellent blood compatibility in addition to promising anticoagulant ability, respectively. The work offers a novel, safe nanotherapeutic agent as a substitutional for heparin. As a result, GT@Fe3O4NPs can compete with heparin either in hemodialysis or the treatment of thromboembolic events as it can overcome related bleeding problems to a great extent. HIGHLIGHTS Magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) could be a safe substitutional of heparin, overcoming side effects of heparin such as bleeding Magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) can advance anticoagulant drugs by increasing control of the anticoagulant (e.g., decreasing the dose and reducing side effects while maintaining efficacy and increasing circulation) The new magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) anticoagulant drugs will profit patients undergoing high-risk surgical procedures and overcome anticoagulant-related bleeding problems to a great extent GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Influences of Relationship Benefits of Social Network Service on User-Perceived Usability and Brand Attitude

소셜네트워크(Social Network)는 전세계 사용자간의 커뮤니케이션을 지원함으로써 이용자들간의 관계형성을 통해 다양한 정보의 흐름을 유도하고 있다. 이를 통해 사용자는 다양한 혜택을 누리고 있으며 이는 우리사회에 커다란 영향력을 미치고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 소셜네트워크 서비스(SNS) 이용자의 SNS 이용 심리 및 태도를 Davis의 기술수용모델(TAM)에 근거하여 연구하고자 한다. SNS 이용자들은 개인의 관심분야와 관련하여 다양한 정보를 생산하고, 확산하고, 획득하는 채널로서 SNS를 활용하고 있으며 이러한 활동에 따른 SNS 이용혜택이 소비자의 지각된 유용성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지에 중점을 두고 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구의 SNS 이용자 혜택은 SNS의 다양한 혜택 중에서도 이용자들 간의 상호작용을 통해 형성되는 관계혜택에 초점을 두고 있으며 이러한 소비자의 관계혜택 중 소비자가 느끼는 심리적 혜택과 정보적 혜택은 SNS이용자의 관여도에 따라 지각된 유용성이 다르게 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가정 하에 이와 관련한 지각된 유용성과 지각된 용이성이 브랜드 태도에 어떻게 연결되는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 【Supporting communications among users, Social Network has encouraged various information flows through relationships among them. This paper studies on mentality or attitude of Social Network Services (SNS for short) users, on the basis of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM for short) and then proposes so-called TAMS, Technology Acceptance Model for Social Network Services. SNS users make full use of SNS as channels in order to create, expand, and obtain some information related to personal concerns. We will research on how the benefits that users get by using SNS exert influence on user-perceived usability. The SNS-using benefits focus on relationship benefits that are formed by interactions among users. Provided that perceived usability affects mental or informational benefits according to involvement of SNS users, we will check how perceived usability or ease of use is connected to brand attitude. 】