Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indications for Inpatient Magnetoencephalography in Children – An Institution’s Experience

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is recognized as a valuable non-invasive clinical method for localization of the epileptogenic zone and critical functional areas, as part of a pre-surgical evaluation for patients with pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. MEG is also useful in localizing functional areas as part of pre-surgical planning for tumor resection. MEG is usually performed in an outpatient setting, as one part of an evaluation that can include a variety of other testing modalities including 3-Tesla MRI and inpatient video-electroencephalography monitoring. In some clinical circumstances, however, completion of the MEG as an inpatient can provide crucial ictal or interictal localization data during an ongoing inpatient evaluation, in order to expedite medical or surgical planning. Despite well-established clinical indications for performing MEG in general, there are no current reports that discuss indications or considerations for completion of MEG on an inpatient basis. We conducted a retrospective institutional review of all pediatric MEGs performed between January 2012 and December 2020, and identified 34 cases where MEG was completed as an inpatient. We then reviewed all relevant medical records to determine clinical history, all associated diagnostic procedures, and subsequent treatment plans including epilepsy surgery and post-surgical outcomes. In doing so, we were able to identify five indications for completing the MEG on an inpatient basis: (1) super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE), (2) intractable epilepsy with frequent electroclinical seizures, and/or frequent or repeated episodes of status epilepticus, (3) intractable epilepsy with infrequent epileptiform discharges on EEG or outpatient MEG, or other special circumstances necessitating inpatient monitoring for successful and safe MEG data acquisition, (4) MEG mapping of eloquent cortex or interictal spike localization in the setting of tumor resection or other urgent neurosurgical intervention, and (5) international or long-distance patients, where outpatient MEG is not possible or practical. MEG contributed to surgical decision-making in the majority of our cases (32 of 34). Our clinical experience suggests that MEG should be considered on an inpatient basis in certain clinical circumstances, where MEG data can provide essential information regarding the localization of epileptogenic activity or eloquent cortex, and be used to develop a treatment plan for surgical management of children with complicated or intractable epilepsy.
Autophagy Receptor Protein Tax1-Binding Protein 1/TRAF6-Binding Protein Is a Cellular Substrate of Enteroviral Proteinase

Enteroviruses (EVs) usurp the host autophagy pathway for pro-viral functions; however, the consequence of EV-induced diversion of autophagy on organelle quality control is poorly defined. Using coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) as a model EV, we explored the interplay between EV infection and selective autophagy receptors, i.e., Tax1-binding protein 1/TRAF6-binding protein (T6BP), optineurin (OPTN), and nuclear dot 10 protein 52 (NDP52), known to be involved in regulating the clearance of damaged mitochondria, a process termed as mitophagy. Following CVB3 infection, we showed significant perturbations of the mitochondrial network coincident with degradation of the autophagy receptor protein T6BP, similar phenomenon to what we previously observed on NDP52. Notably, protein levels of OPTN are not altered during early infection and slightly reduced upon late infection. Cell culture studies revealed that T6BP degradation occurs independent of the function of host caspases and viral proteinase 3C, but requires the proteolytic activity of viral proteinase 2A. Further investigation identified the cleavage site on T6BP after the amino acid 621 that separates the C-terminal ubiquitin-binding domain from the other functional domains at the N-terminus. Genetic silencing of T6BP and OPTN results in the attenuation of CVB3 replication, suggesting a pro-viral activity for these two proteins. Finally, functional assessment of cleaved fragments from NDP52 and T6BP revealed abnormal binding affinity and impaired capacity to be recruited to depolarized mitochondria. Collectively, these results suggest that CVB3 targets autophagy receptors to impair selective autophagy.
Combined Effects of Exercise and Denosumab Treatment on Local Failure in Post-menopausal Osteoporosis–Insights from Bone Remodelling Simulations Accounting for Mineralisation and Damage

Denosumab has been shown to increase bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce the fracture risk in patients with post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO). Increase in BMD is linked with an increase in bone matrix mineralisation due to suppression of bone remodelling. However, denosumab anti-resorptive action also leads to an increase in fatigue microdamage, which may ultimately lead to an increased fracture risk. A novel mechanobiological model of bone remodelling was developed to investigate how these counter-acting mechanisms are affected both by exercise and long-term denosumab treatment. This model incorporates Frost's mechanostat feedback, a bone mineralisation algorithm and an evolution law for microdamage accumulation. Mechanical disuse and microdamage were assumed to stimulate RANKL production, which modulates activation frequency of basic multicellular units in bone remodelling. This mechanical feedback mechanism controls removal of excess bone mass and microdamage. Furthermore, a novel measure of bone local failure due to instantaneous overloading was developed. Numerical simulations indicate that trabecular bone volume fraction and bone matrix damage are determined by the respective bone turnover and homeostatic loading conditions. PMO patients treated with the currently WHO-approved dose of denosumab (60 mg administrated every 6 months) exhibit increased BMD, increased bone ash fraction and damage. In untreated patients, BMD will significantly decrease, as will ash fraction; while damage will increase. The model predicted that, depending on the time elapsed between the onset of PMO and the beginning of treatment, BMD slowly converges to the same steady-state value, while damage is low in patients treated soon after the onset of the disease and high in patients having PMO for a longer period. The simulations show that late treatment PMO patients have a significantly higher risk of local failure compared to patients that are treated soon after the onset of the disease. Furthermore, overloading resulted in an increase of BMD, but also in a faster increase of damage, which may consequently promote the risk of fracture, specially in late treatment scenarios. In case of mechanical disuse, the model predicted reduced BMD gains due to denosumab, while no significant change in damage occurred, thus leading to an increased risk of local failure compared to habitual loading.
Dynamically Optimizing Network Structure Based on Synaptic Pruning in the Brain

Most neural networks need to predefine the network architecture empirically, which may cause over-fitting or under-fitting. Besides, a large number of parameters in a fully connected network leads to the prohibitively expensive computational cost and storage overhead, which makes the model hard to be deployed on mobile devices. Dynamically optimizing the network architecture by pruning unused synapses is a promising technique for solving this problem. Most existing pruning methods focus on reducing the redundancy of deep convolutional neural networks by pruning unimportant filters or weights, at the cost of accuracy drop. In this paper, we propose an effective brain-inspired synaptic pruning method to dynamically modulate the network architecture and simultaneously improve network performance. The proposed model is biologically inspired as it dynamically eliminates redundant connections based on the synaptic pruning rules used during the brain's development. Connections are pruned if they are not activated or less activated multiple times consecutively. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on classification tasks of different complexity with the MNIST, Fashion MNIST, and CIFAR-10 datasets. Experimental results reveal that even for a compact network, the proposed method can also remove up to 59–90% of the connections, with relative improvement in learning speed and accuracy.
Existing and Potential Applications of Elastography for Measuring the Viscoelasticity of Biological Tissues In Vivo

Mechanical tissue properties contribute to tissue shape change during development. Emerging evidence suggests that gradients of viscoelasticity correspond to cell movement and gene expression patterns. To accurately define mechanisms of morphogenesis, a combination of precise empirical measurements and theoretical approaches are required. Here, we review elastography as a method to characterize viscoelastic properties of tissue in vivo. We discuss its current clinical applications in mature tissues and its potential for characterizing embryonic tissues.
Environmental and Genetic Determinants of Major Chronic Disease in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region: Protocol for a Community-Based Cohort Study

Introduction: Personal lifestyle and air pollution are potential risk factors for major non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, these risk factors have experienced dramatic changes in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region in recent years, and few cohorts have focused on identifying risk factors for major NCDs in this specific region. The current study is a large, prospective, long-term, population-based cohort study that investigated environmental and genetic determinants of NCDs in BTH areas. The results of this study may provide scientific support for efforts to develop health recommendations for personalized prevention. Methods: About 36,000 participants 18 years or older would be obtained by multistage, stratified cluster sampling from five cities for the baseline assessment. Participants underwent seven examinations primarily targeting respiratory and circulatory system function and filled out questionnaires regarding lifestyle behavior, pollutant exposure, medical and family history, medication history, and psychological factors. Biochemistry indicators and inflammation markers were tested, and a biobank was established. Participants will be followed up every 2 years. Genetic determinants of NCDs will be demonstrated by using multiomics, and risk prediction models will be constructed using machine learning methods based on a multitude of environmental exposure, examination data, biomarkers, and psychosocial and behavioral assessments. Significant spatial and temporal differentiation is well-suited to demonstrating the health determinants of NCDs in the BTH region, which may facilitate public health strategies with respect to disease prevention and survivorship-related aspects.
Targeting Parenting Quality to Reduce Early Life Adversity Impacts on Lifespan Cardiometabolic Risk

Mounting evidence that early life adversity (ELA) exposures confer risk for cardiometabolic disease over the lifespan motivated this narrative review to examine parenting quality as a potential intervention target to reduce ELA exposures or mitigate their impact as a way of reducing or preventing cardiometabolic disease. We describe findings from the limited number of family-based intervention studies in ELA-exposed children that have tested parenting impacts on cardiometabolic health outcomes. We then describe the implications of this work and make recommendations for future research that will move this field forward.
Safety of Low Dose Intravenous Cangrelor in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Series

Background: Neurointerventional procedures in acute ischemic stroke often require immediate antiplatelet therapy in the cases of acute stenting and occasionally re-occluding vessels. Intravenous cangrelor is a P2Y12 receptor antagonist with short onset and quick offset. The study objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous cangrelor in patients with acute ischemic stroke requiring urgent antiplatelet effect. Methods: Patients who received intravenous cangrelor intra-procedurally during acute ischemic stroke treatment were identified from a prospectively collected database. Cangrelor was administered as a bolus of 15 mcg/kg, followed by an infusion rate of 2 mcg/kg/min. A historical control group consisting of anterior circulation tandem occlusions was used to compare to patients with similar lesions who received intravenous cangrelor. Outcomes of interest included in-stent thrombosis, thromboembolic complications, intracranial hemorrhage, and functional outcomes at 90 days. Results: Twelve patients received intravenous cangrelor for acute ischemic stroke between October 2018 and April 2020 at a comprehensive stroke center. Eleven patients had intra or extracranial stenting performed, which included two posterior circulation lesions. No cases of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were reported. At 90 day follow-up, two patients had died and 10 had a good functional outcome. Patients with anterior circulation tandem occlusions who received cangrelor and those who received dual antiplatelets orally had similar radiographic and clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Low dose intravenous cangrelor is similar in safety and efficacy to oral antiplatelets in acute ischemic stroke in a small case series. Larger prospective studies on the efficacy, safety, and effect on procedure times of intravenous cangrelor in neurointervention are warranted.
Time-Resolved Quantitative Measurement of OH HO2 and CH2O in Fuel Oxidation Reactions by High Resolution IR Absorption Spectroscopy.

Combined with a Herriott-type multi-pass slow flow reactor, high-resolution differential direct absorption spectroscopy has been used to probe, in situ and quantitatively, hydroxyl (OH), hydroperoxy (HO 2 ) and formaldehyde (CH 2 O) molecules in fuel oxidation reactions in the reactor, with a time resolution of about 1 micro-second. While OH and CH 2 O are probed in the mid-infrared (MIR) region near 2870nm and 3574nm respectively, HO 2 can be probed in both regions: near-infrared (NIR) at 1509nm and MIR at 2870nm. Typical sensitivities are on the order of 10 10 - 10 11 molecule cm -3 for OH at 2870nm, 10 11 molecule cm -3 for HO 2 at 1509nm, and 10 11 molecule cm -3 for CH 2 O at 3574nm. Measurements of multiple important intermediates (OH and HO 2 ) and product (CH 2 O) facilitate to understand and further validate chemical mechanisms of fuel oxidation chemistry.
Is Therapeutic Exercise Clinically Effective in Reducing Pain Intensity in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate and summarize the effects of therapeutic exercise clinically in reducing pain intensity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases from the date of inception to December 15, 2019, was conducted. Primary outcome of interest was pain measurement using the visual analog scale. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Results: Sixteen studies were included in this systematic review. These studies reported that therapeutic exercise is clinically effective in reducing pain intensity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. In addition, compared with a short-term and low-intensity therapeutic exercise, there was strong evidence that therapeutic exercise, in combination with pain inhibition interventions, may play a significant role in reducing pain intensity. Conclusion: The systematic review provides evidence for the use of therapeutic exercises, which is high-intensity, long-term, and combined with other interventions, for reducing pain intensity clinically.
A Scoping Review of the Knowledge Base, Landscape, and Trends in Leadership Literature in Early Intervention, Early Childhood, and Early Childhood Special Education

Effective leadership is regarded as pivotal to the vitality of organizations. In early childhood programs, strong leadership is particularly critical because program leaders are the gatekeepers of quality. However, the fields of early intervention, early childhood, and early childhood special education (EI/EC/ECSE) continue to struggle with the challenges of being overlooked regarding leadership research, potentials, qualities, and abilities. This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize the available evidence by understanding the nature and extent of leadership literature in EI/EC/ECSE between 2000 and 2018. Collectively, 1,416 articles were reviewed. A total of 106 articles that met the inclusion criteria were summarized using a number of variables. The review confirmed the long existing paucity of leadership research in EC and more specifically in EI and ECSE with specific findings in terms of research scopes and approaches. Presentation and discussion of findings along with implications for future research are provided.
Do Women Stay Out of Trouble? Evidence from Corporate Litigation

We use a unique hand-collected dataset on corporate lawsuits to examine the effect of female representation in top management on corporate litigation. We find that firms with higher representation of women in the top management team face fewer lawsuits overall, particularly lawsuits related to product liability, environment, medical liability, labor and contracts. These results continue to hold under several alternative specifications and accounting for endogeneity using a novel instrument. The results are driven by the presence of multiple women in top management positions and are likely due to gender diversity in top management rather than an artifact of tokenism. Among firms with higher litigation risk, greater representation of female executives positively impacts the value of cash holdings. Overall, our results uncover an important and previously unidentified benefit of gender diversity in top management.
Nutritional Status and Related Factors in the Elderly Hospitalized in a Psychiatric Hospital

1 MD, Fellowship of Psychosomatic, Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Infection Diseases Specialist, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 5 PHD of Psychology, Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences,Tehran,Iran 6 Ph.D. Candidate of Gerontology, Department of Gerontology,University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 7 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran * Corresponding author: Ladan Fattah Moghaddam, Department of psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: lfatah@iautmu.ac. ir How to Cite this Article: Rezaei O, Akhavan Zanjani H, Banihashem SSh, Mansouri P, Arab Ghahestany D, Rezaie F, Fattah Moghaddam L. Nutritional Status and Related Factors in the Elderly Hospitalized in a Psychiatric Hospital. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing. 2021;7(3):30-40. DOI: 10.29252/ijrn-07034
Annotated Corpus of Mesopotamian-Iraqi Dialect for Sentiment Analysis in Social Media

Research on Sentiment Analysis in social media by using Mesopotamian-Iraqi Dialect (MID) of Arabic language was rarely found, there is no reliable dataset developed in MID neither an annotated corpus for the sentiment analysis of social media in this dialect. Therefore, this gap was the main stumbling block for researchers of sentiment analysis in MID, for this reason, this paper introduced the development of an annotated corpus of Mesopotamian-Iraqi Dialect for sentiment analysis in social media and named it as (ACMID) stands for (the annotated corpus of Mesopotamian-Iraqi Dialect) to help researchers in future for using this corpus for their studies, to the best of our knowledge this is the first annotated corpus that both classify polarity as well as emotion classification in MID. Likewise, Facebook as the most popular social platform among Iraqis was used to extract the data from its popular Iraqi pages. 5000 comments were extracted from these pages classified by its polarity (Positive, Negative, Neutral, Spam) by two Iraqi annotators, these annotators were simultaneously classifying the same comments according to Ekman seven universal emotions (Anger, Fear, Disgust, Happiness, Sadness, Surprise, Contempt) or no emotion. Cohen's kappa coefficient was then used to compare the two annotators’ results to find the reliability of these results. The data shows a comparable value among the two annotators for the polarity classification as high as 0.82, while for the emotion classification the result was 0.65. Keywords—Sentiment analysis; Mesopotamian dialect; Iraqi dialect; social media; annotated corpus; emotion classification; Arabic language
Use of a Technology-based System to Motivate Aged Persons in Performing Physical Activity: A Feasibility Study

Els Knippenberg (  els.knippenberg@pxl.be ) Centre of Expertise – Innovation in Care, Department of Healthcare, PXL University College of Applied Sciences and Arts, Guffenslaan 39, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium. 2Reval Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building A, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-8633 Annick Timmermans Universiteit Hasselt Steven Palmaers Hogeschool PXL Annemie Spooren Hogeschool PXL
Al-Haya’ Instrument Construction: Shame Measurement Based on the Islamic Concept

Shame is a noble character in Islam. This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure the Islamic concept of shame (Al-Haya’). The concept used in this study is grounded by Al-Haya’ concept from Alquran and Hadith. The scale was tested on 308 adult Muslims in Pekanbaru. The data analyzed using the Rasch Model. The result demonstrated that 38 items have fulfilled the fit criteria. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in 16 items grouped into five factors about shame against religious values, verbal violations, refusing to worship, inappropriate behavior, and shame of right violations. Furthermore, to find out the validity, The Al-Haya' scale was correlated with a self-control scale (SCS). The Al-Haya’ scale and SCS have alpha . 875 and . 842, respectively. Al-Haya’ scale has correlation to full SCS (r =.345) and brief SCS (r =.333). It demonstrated that the scale can be used to measure the shame of Muslim.