Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal analysis of murine steatohepatitis model induced by chronic exposure to high‐fat diet

Several lines of epidemiological evidence have suggested that non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is closely associated with obesity in humans. However, the precise mechanisms of the progression of NASH and its key metabolic abnormalities remain to be elucidated. We found that long‐term high‐fat diet (HFD) exposure induces NASH, with excess body weight, hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesteremia in mice. Longitudinal analysis of the model showed that steatohepatitis was induced after onset of metabolic abnormalities. In addition, we found that expression of MCP‐1 mRNA was induced in the liver before induction of TNFα and type I collagen α1 mRNAs, and prior to onset of steatohepatitis. We confirmed that hepatic MCP‐1 contents were increased in mice fed HFD for 50 weeks, although the precise role of MCP‐1 in the development of NASH remains to be addressed. The mouse model was also characterized by moderate reductions in catalase activity and glutathione content, as well as by overexpression of fatty acid synthase, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1 and FAT/CD36 mRNAs in the liver. The murine NASH model apparently mimics clinical aspects of the condition and provides insight into NASH.
The Running Tests of the Superconducting Maglev Using the HTS Magnet

An HTS magnet for a Superconducting Maglev, consisting of four persistent current HTS coils, was developed. The HTS coils are installed in a cryostat, and cooled to approximately 15 K by conduction cooling, using two sets of two-stage GM type pulse tube cryocoolers. The HTS magnet is operated in a persistent current mode at a rated magneto-motive force of 750 kA. The running tests were executed on the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, with a top speed of 553 km/h achieved on December 2, 2005. The test result demonstrated that the HTS coils generated no excessive vibration or heat load.
Umbravirus-encoded proteins both stabilize heterologous viral RNA and mediate its systemic movement in some plant species.

The proteins encoded by open reading frame 3 (ORF3) of the umbraviruses pea enation mosaic virus-2 and tobacco mottle virus, like that of groundnut rosette virus, mediated the movement of viral RNA through the phloem of infected Nicotiana benthamiana or N. clevelandii plants when they were expressed from chimeric tobacco mosaic virus in place of the coat protein. However, these chimeras did not move systemically in N. tabacum. In lysates of N. benthamiana or N. tabacum protoplasts, the chimeric RNAs were more stable than was RNA of tobacco mosaic virus lacking the coat protein gene. The chimeric viruses also protected the latter in trans, suggesting that the ORF3 proteins can increase the stability of heterologous viral RNA. Umbraviral ORF3 proteins contain a conserved arginine-rich domain, and the possible roles of this motif in the functions of the proteins are discussed.
Bazaar: Enabling Predictable Performance in Datacenters

The disconnect between the resource-level interface exposed by today’s cloud providers and tenant goals hurts both entities. Tenants are encumbered by having to translate their performance and cost goals into the corresponding resource requirements while providers suffer revenue loss due to uninformed resource selection by tenants. We explore this disconnect in the context of data analytics applications and present Bazaar, a system that enables predictable performance for such applications in multi-resource, multi-tenant datacenters. Bazaar allows tenants to express high-level goals and predicts the resources needed to achieve them. Since multiple resource combinations may achieve the same goal, Bazaar chooses the combination most suitable for the provider. Using large-scale simulations and deployment on a small testbed, we demonstrate that Bazaar enables a symbiotic tenant-provider relationship. Tenants achieve their performance goals. At the same time, holistic resource selection benefits providers in the form of increased goodput.
Dynamic Modeling of Hydrogen Sulfide within Enclosed Environments in Biosolids Recovery Facilities

Hydrogen sulfide emissions from wastewater affect human health and equipment durability, thus presenting a complex issue for utilities. Several VOC emission models have been used before to predict H2S in collection systems and water resources recovery operations, even if with restrictions. By contrast, fewer studies focus on biosolids emissions and modelling. This paper presents a dynamic modelling approach to predict H2S concentration in a tank headspace of a wastewater biosolids recovery facility. Data from one of the largest Portuguese water resources recovery facilities was collected under different facility operating modes. The developed model adequately predicted H2S concentration, with R2 values of 0.89 and 0.78, for different periods of the year, thus showing how modelling may reliably contribute to utility operation decisions.
Herpes zoster vaccine effectiveness and manifestations of herpes zoster and associated pain by vaccination status

Options for managing herpes zoster (HZ)-related pain and complications have limited effectiveness, making HZ prevention through vaccination an important strategy. Limited data are available on HZ vaccine effectiveness against confirmed HZ and manifestations of HZ among vaccinated persons. We conducted a matched case-control study to assess HZ vaccine effectiveness for prevention of HZ and other HZ-related outcomes and a cohort study of persons with HZ to compare HZ-related outcomes by vaccination status. Cases were identified through active surveillance among persons age ≥60 years with HZ onset and health-care encounters during 2010-2011 in Southeastern Minnesota. Controls were age- and sex-matched to cases. Data were collected by medical record review and from participants via interviews and daily pain diaries. 266 HZ case-patients and 362 matched controls were enrolled in the vaccine effectiveness studies and 303 case-patients in the cohort study of HZ characteristics by vaccination status. Vaccination was associated with 54% (95% CI:32%-69%) reduction in HZ incidence, 58% (95% CI:31%-75%) reduction in HZ prodromal symptoms, and 70% (95% CI:33%-87%) reduction in medically-attended prodrome. HZ vaccine was statistically significant effective at preventing postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) measured at 30 d after rash onset, 61% (95% CI: 22%-80%). Among persons who developed HZ, no differences were found by vaccination status in severity or duration of HZ pain after rash onset. In this population-based study, HZ vaccination was associated with >50% reduction in HZ, HZ prodrome, and medically-attended prodrome.
Production of L-Asparaginase By Fusarium Oxysporum Using Submerged Fermentation

An attempt is made in the present study to optimize the cultural conditions for the production of L-asparaginase by Fusarium oxysporum using submerged fermentation. Different fungal species were isolated and identified using standard manuals, screened initially for the production of extracellular L-asparaginase during their growth on Czapek’s Dox medium containing Lasparagine as sole source of carbon. Fusarium oxysporum was selected for further studies based on the initial screening by plate assay method. F. oxysporum in the present investigation exhibited significant variations in the production of L-asparaginase under the influence of incubation period, temperature, pH, carbon source and nitrogen sources. The enzyme activity recorded was maximum on 5 day of incubation period with an activity of 182.5 U/ml. At pH 5 L-asparaginase production was high (105.0 U/ml). Optimum enzyme activity was recorded at 25°C (123.2 U/ml). The highest amount of enzyme production by F. oxysporum was observed when sucrose was used as the carbon source (170.0 U/ml). Sodium nitrate as nitrogen source was responsible for maximum production of asparaginase with an activity of 185.0 U/ml. With few prospects, a positive association could be observed between growth and Lasparaginase production and the nutrient source employed.
Do increased drilling speed and depth affect bone viability at implant site?

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing the drilling speed and depth during implant site preparation on bone viability. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, participants were divided into four groups based on the speed and depth of drilling at the first molar site in the mandible. Participants underwent drilling at Group 1: 1000 rpm and 10 mm depth, Group 2: 1500 rpm and 10 mm, Group 3: 1000 rpm and 13 mm, and Group 4: 1500 rpm and 13 mm. Obtained specimens were assessed histologically to the qualitative measurement of bone viability, and the percentage of vital bone were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis. ANOVA was used to compare age and the mean percentage of vital bone and Tukey's test as post hoc was applied for pairwise comparison of groups. Results: A total of 100 participants were studied in four groups (25 subjects in each group). Histological evaluation revealed a low level of bone viability maintenance in all groups. Histomorphometric analysis showed the mean percentage of vital bone was 9.5 ± 3.91% in Group 1, 8.86 ± 3.84% in Group 2, 8.32 ± 3.80% in Group 3, and 4.27 ± 3.22% in Group 4. A significant difference was noted in the mean percentage of bone viability among the four groups (P = 0.001). Conclusion: It seems that increasing the drilling speed or depth during dental implant site preparation does not affect the mean percentage of cell viability, while the increase in both depth and speed may decrease the percentage of viable cells.
Autonomous microfluidic sensing device employing liquid crystal for detection of biological interactions

We report the design of an autonomous sensing device, which employs a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal (LC) to conduct chemical or biological sensing tasks. The development of highly reproducible methods to create uniform LC thin film is critical for utilizing LCs for sensing. Herein, we describe the use of shear forces generated by the laminar flow of liquid within a microfluidic channel to create thin LC films stabilized within microfabricated structures. The orientational response of the supported LC films to targeted analytes in aqueous phases was observed through changes in the optical birefringence of the LC thin films. Experiments employing two systems are reported: (i) dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) dissolved in aqueous solution, and (ii) the hydrolysis of phospholipids by the enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2).
A wideband interference tolerant RF receiver for cognitive radio sensor unit

A wideband receiver for cognitive radio spectrum sensing unit is presented. The circuit consists of a high linearity low noise amplifier, passive mixer, and baseband buffer. IQ signals for the LO are generated using a divide-by-two circuit. Low noise amplifier includes common-gate common-source combination for simultaneous interference suppression and noise canceling. The receiver operates in the LTE bands at 0.7 - 2.6 GHz, with typical performance of 32 dB gain, 5 dB noise figure, and IIP3 linearity between 5 dBm and -1 dBm in the LTE bandwidth. The circuit is designed for 65-nm CMOS technology.
Split intein mediated ultra‐rapid purification of tagless protein (SIRP)

Rapid and efficient tag removal remains a significant problem in recombinant protein purification. Using an engineered DnaE intein from Nostoc punctiforme, we developed a split intein mediated ultra‐rapid purification (SIRP) method for the purification of tagless recombinant protein from E. coli lysate in less than 1 h. This system exhibits extraordinarily rapid thio‐induced C‐terminal cleavage with about 50% completion within 30 s at both 22°C and 6°C. This is the fastest C‐terminal cleavage activity reported to date for inteins. Although the reaction kinetics slow down after the first minute, >90% cleavage completion is achieved within 30 min at 22°C, or within 3 h at 6°C. The ultra‐rapid cleavage kinetics are made possible by the positioning of the purification tag at the split junction to the C‐terminus of the intein N‐fragment, thus avoiding potential steric hindrance of the critical interaction between the N‐ and C‐extein. Target proteins are cleaved to >72% completion after 1 h of intein reaction regardless of the identity of the N‐terminal amino acid except in the cases of threonine (50% cleavage) and proline. The C‐terminal cleavage reaction can be effectively inhibited by divalent Zn2+ under non‐reducing conditions. Importantly, the association of the intein N‐ and C‐fragments is reversible, enabling the column‐bound intein N‐fragment bait protein to be regenerated for multiple usages and further reducing the cost of protein purification. SIRP technology should provide a useful tool for the purification of tagless proteins and peptides. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110:2471–2481. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An epidemiological study of holoprosencephaly from a regional congenital anomaly register: 1995–2004

Adequate contemporary information to counsel patients with a prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly is lacking. We addressed this using data from the West Midlands Congenital Anomaly Register (WMCAR), a population‐based malformation register, during a time where technological improvements have been stable and anomaly screening is well established.
On service prioritization in mobile ad-hoc networks

The aim of service prioritization is to give resource priority to certain traffic types. For example, the voice service can have higher priority than the data service, Web surfing can have higher priority than FTP and e-mail applications, or some users can have higher priority than others. This paper investigates the performance of service prioritization in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Two schemes, priority buffer management and priority scheduling, are applied to realize service prioritization and three service profiles are discussed as well as simulation results are presented to show that the priority schemes work well with TCP traffic but not with constant bit rate (CBR) traffic. Besides this, the priority scheduling scheme outperforms the priority buffer management scheme in terms of average end-to-end delay of TCP packets and average throughput of TCP sessions.
Changes in Print Paper During the 19th Century

Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib. purdue.edu/charleston An indexed, print copy of the Proceedings is also available for purchase at: http://www.thepress. purdue.edu/series/charleston. You may also be interested in the new series, Charleston Insights in Library, Archival, and Information Sciences. Find out more at: http://www.thepress. purdue.edu/series/charleston-insights-library-archivaland-information-sciences.
Secondary Metabolites from Chamaedora tepejilote (Palmae) are Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Due to the emergence of multi‐drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, there is an urgent need to search for new antimycobacterial drugs. The present work describes the bioactivity‐guided fractionation of Chamaedora tepejilote hexane extract which led to the isolation and the characterization of squalene, farnesol, methylic ester of hexadecanoic acid, β‐sitosterol and ursolic acid. Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, determined by radiorespirometric Bactec assay, showed ursolic acid, squalene and farnesol to produce a M. tuberculosis growth inhibition of 99% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feedforward Systems With ISS Appended Dynamics: Adaptive Output-Feedback Stabilization and Disturbance Attenuation

We propose an adaptive output-feedback control design technique for a class of feedforward systems with input-to-state stable (ISS) appended dynamics and disturbance inputs. The design is based on our recent results on the application of dynamic high-gain scaling to state-feedback and output-feedback control of feedforward systems. In this paper, we further investigate the robustness properties of the dynamic high-gain scaling approach by introducing exogenous disturbance inputs and the ISS appended dynamics that are coupled with all the system states and the input. The designed adaptive output-feedback controller achieves bounded-input-bounded-state stability with respect to disturbance inputs and also provides a disturbance attenuation result.
Physiological responses to fluctuating temperatures are characterized by distinct transcriptional profiles in a solitary bee

ABSTRACT Exposure to stressful low temperatures during development can result in the accumulation of deleterious physiological effects called chill injury. Metabolic imbalances, disruptions in ion homeostasis and oxidative stress contribute to the increased mortality of chill-injured insects. Interestingly, survival can be significantly increased when chill-susceptible insects are exposed to a daily warm-temperature pulse during chilling. We hypothesize that warm pulses allow for the repair of damage associated with chill injury. Here, we describe transcriptional responses during exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime, relative to constant chilled temperatures, during pupal development in the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata, using a combination of RNA-seq and qPCR. Pupae were exposed to either a constant, chilled temperature of 6°C, or 6°C with a daily pulse of 20°C for 7 days. RNA-seq after experimental treatment revealed differential expression of transcripts involved in construction of cell membranes, oxidation–reduction and various metabolic processes. These mechanisms provide support for shared physiological responses to chill injury across taxa. The large number of differentially expressed transcripts observed after 7 days of treatment suggests that the initial divergence in expression profiles between the two treatments occurred upstream of the time point sampled. Additionally, the differential expression profiles observed in this study show little overlap with those differentially expressed during temperature stress in the diapause state of M. rotundata. While the mechanisms governing the physiological response to low-temperature stress are shared, the specific transcripts associated with the response differ between life stages. Summary: Transcriptional responses to fluctuating thermal regimes differ between life stages in the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
Cutting Edge: Neuronal Recognition by CD8 T Cells Elicits Central Diabetes Insipidus

An increasing number of neurologic diseases is associated with autoimmunity. The immune effectors contributing to the pathogenesis of such diseases are often unclear. To explore whether self-reactive CD8 T cells could attack CNS neurons in vivo, we generated a mouse model in which the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is expressed specifically in CNS neurons. Transfer of cytotoxic anti-HA CD8 T cells induced an acute but reversible encephalomyelitis in HA-expressing recipient mice. Unexpectedly, diabetes insipidus developed in surviving animals. This robust phenotype was associated with preferential accumulation of cytotoxic CD8 T cells in the hypothalamus, upregulation of MHC class I molecules, and destruction of vasopressin-expressing neurons. IFN-γ production by the pathogenic CD8 T cells was necessary for MHC class I upregulation by hypothalamic neurons and their destruction. This novel mouse model, in combination with related human data, supports the concept that autoreactive CD8 T cells can trigger central diabetes insipidus.
Mild cognitive impairment – beyond controversies, towards a consensus: report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment

The First Key Symposium was held in Stockholm, Sweden, 2–5 September 2003. The aim of the symposium was to integrate clinical and epidemiological perspectives on the topic of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). A multidisciplinary, international group of experts discussed the current status and future directions of MCI, with regard to clinical presentation, cognitive and functional assessment, and the role of neuroimaging, biomarkers and genetics. Agreement on new perspectives, as well as recommendations for management and future research were discussed by the international working group. The specific recommendations for the general MCI criteria include the following: (i) the person is neither normal nor demented; (ii) there is evidence of cognitive deterioration shown by either objectively measured decline over time and/or subjective report of decline by self and/or informant in conjunction with objective cognitive deficits; and (iii) activities of daily living are preserved and complex instrumental functions are either intact or minimally impaired.
Risk in complex genetics: “All models are wrong but some are useful”

Although genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have proven remarkably effective at identifying reliably associated genetic variants, the biology underlying these discoveries is rarely immediately apparent and in most cases seems bound to require extensive fine mapping and functional analysis before it is revealed. In this context, it is logical and appropriate to try to interrogate available genetic data for biological insights. However, because such efforts invariably depend upon mathematical modeling, misperceptions can easily arise if the relevant mathematical properties are overlooked or forgotten. In this report, we will examine these mathematical issues, highlight some of the more common misconceptions, and hopefully help to clarify the somewhat blurry distinction between biology and mathematics that can so easily undermine and obscure the value of GWAS discoveries. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:502–509
Establishment of latent herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in resistant, sensitive, and immunodeficient mouse strains.

Productive infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 is limited by both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether these mechanisms also play a role in the establishment of latent HSV infection. First we examined the trigeminal ganglia (TG) of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), interferon-gamma knockout (GKO), and beige (a strain deficient in natural killer cell activity) mice following ocular inoculation with HSV. Although infection of SCID mice was invariably lethal, we consistently found latently infected neurons in the TG of these animals at 2-4 days postinoculation. HSV infection of GKO and beige mice, while not lethal, was characterized by a greater number of productively infected TG neurons and/or a delay in the time to peak productive infection compared to C57BL/6 controls. However, as assayed by both in situ hybridization for LAT expression and quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) for viral DNA, we found that HSV established a latent infection in GKO and beige mice as efficiently as in C57BL/6 controls. We subsequently examined the TG of "HSV-sensitive" strains of mice (Swiss-Webster, CBA, and BALB/c) following ocular infection with HSV. At the peak of acute ganglionic infection the number of productively infected TG neurons in each of these mouse strains was about sevenfold greater than in the "HSV-resistant" strain C57BL/6, consistent with previously reported differences in susceptibility to lethal challenge with HSV. However, as assayed by both in situ hybridization for LAT and Q-PCR for viral DNA, we found that HSV established a latent infection in Swiss-Webster, CBA, and BALB/c mice as efficiently as in C57BL/6 controls. We conclude that HSV efficiently establishes latent infection in the TG of mice in the absence of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms that are essential for limiting productive viral infection.