Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MICROWAVE QUASI-PERIODIC PULSATION WITH MILLISECOND BURSTS IN A SOLAR FLARE ON 2011 AUGUST 9

A peculiar microwave quasi-periodic pulsation (QPP) accompanying a hard X-ray (HXR) QPP of about 20 s duration occurred just before the maximum of an X6.9 solar flare on 2011 August 9. The most interesting aspect is that the microwave QPP consists of millisecond timescale superfine structures. Each microwave QPP pulse is made up of clusters of millisecond spike bursts or narrowband type III bursts. There are three different frequency drift rates: the global frequency drift rate of the microwave QPP pulse group, the frequency drift rate of the microwave QPP pulse, and the frequency drift rate of individual millisecond spikes or type III bursts. The physical analysis indicates that the energetic electrons accelerating from a large-scale highly dynamic magnetic reconnecting current sheet above the flaring loop propagate downward, impact the flaring plasma loop, and produce HXR bursts. The tearing-mode (TM) oscillations in the current sheet modulate HXR emission and generate HXR QPP; the energetic electrons propagating downward produce Langmuir turbulence and plasma waves, resulting in plasma emission. The modulation of TM oscillation on the plasma emission in the current-carrying plasma loop may generate microwave QPP. The TM instability produces magnetic islands in the loop. Each X-point will be a small reconnection site and will accelerate the ambient electrons. These accelerated electrons impact the ambient plasma and trigger the millisecond spike clusters or the group of type III bursts. Possibly, each millisecond spike burst or type III burst is one of the elementary bursts (EBs). A large number of such EB clusters form an intense flaring microwave burst.
Cyclodextrin Derivatives as Promising Solubilizers to Enhance the Biological Activity of Rosmarinic Acid

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural antioxidant with neuroprotective properties; however, its preventive and therapeutic use is limited due to its slight solubility and poor permeability. This study aimed to improve RA physicochemical properties by systems formation with cyclodextrins (CDs): hydroxypropyl-α-CD (HP-α-CD), HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD, which were prepared by the solvent evaporation (s.e.) method. The interactions between components were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The sites of interaction between RA and CDs were suggested as a result of in silico studies focused on assessing the interaction between molecules. The impact of amorphous systems formation on water solubility, dissolution rate, gastrointestinal (GIT) permeability, and biological activity was studied. RA solubility was increased from 5.869 mg/mL to 113.027 mg/mL, 179.840 mg/mL, and 194.354 mg/mL by systems formation with HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD, respectively. During apparent solubility studies, the systems provided an acceleration of RA dissolution. Poor RA GIT permeability at pH 4.5 and 5.8, determined by parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA system), was increased; RA–HP-γ-CD s.e. indicated the greatest improvement (at pH 4.5 from Papp 6.901 × 10−7 cm/s to 1.085 × 10−6 cm/s and at pH 5.8 from 5.019 × 10−7 cm/s to 9.680 × 10−7 cm/s). Antioxidant activity, which was determined by DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP methods, was ameliorated by systems; the greatest results were obtained for RA–HP-γ-CD s.e. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was increased from 36.876% for AChE and 13.68% for BChE to a maximum inhibition of the enzyme (plateau), and enabled reaching IC50 values for both enzymes by all systems. CDs are efficient excipients for improving RA physicochemical and biological properties. HP-γ-CD was the greatest one with potential for future food or dietary supplement applications.
THE INTEGRAL SOURCE IGR J16328−4726: A HIGH-MASS X-RAY BINARY FROM THE BEPPOSAX ERA

We report on temporal and spectral analysis of the INTEGRAL fast transient candidate IGR J16328−4726 observed with BeppoSAX in 1998 and more recently with INTEGRAL. The MECS X-ray data show a frequent microactivity typical of the intermediate state of supergiant fast X-ray transients and a weak flare with a duration of ∼4.6 ks. The X-ray emission in the 1.5–10 keV energy range is well described through the different time intervals by an absorbed power-law model. Comparing spectra from the lower emission level up to the peak of the flare, we note that while the power-law photon index was constant (∼2), the absorption column density varied by a factor of up to ∼6–7, reaching a value of ∼2 × 1023 cm−2 at the peak of the flare. Analysis of the long-term INTEGRAL/IBIS light curve confirms and refines the proposed ∼10.07 day period, and the derived ephemeris places the BeppoSAX observations away from periastron. Using the near- and the mid-IR available observations, we constructed a spectral infrared distribution for the counterpart of IGR J16328−4726, allowing us to identify its counterpart as a high-mass OB type star and to classify this source as a firm HMXB. Following the standard clumpy wind theory, we estimated the mass and the radius of the clump responsible for the flare. The obtained values of Mcl ≃ 4 × 1022g and Rcl ≃ 4.4 × 106 km are in agreement with expected values from theoretical predictions.
Insights into the binding mode of AS1411 aptamer to nucleolin

AS1411 aptamer can function as a recognition probe to detect the cell surface nucleolin overexpressed in cancer cells, however, little is known about their binding process. This study proposed a feasible binding mode for the first time and provided atomic-level descriptions for the high affinity and specific binding of AS1411. The binding pose predicted by docking was screened using knowledge-based criteria, and a microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed the stable existence of the predicted structure in the solution. Structural analysis shows that the unique capping of the 5′ end of AS1411 provides the specific binding with RBD1, and the interactions of hydrogen bond, salt bridge, and water-mediated network between AS1411 and RBD1,2 stabilize the binding. The calculation of per-residue decomposition emphasizes the dominant contribution of van der Waals energy and critical residues are screened. Our study provides the molecular basis of this specific binding and can guide rational AS1411-based aptamers design. Further insights require tight collaborations between the experiments and in silico studies.
Simulations of working memory spiking networks driven by short-term plasticity

Working Memory (WM) is a cognitive mechanism that enables temporary holding and manipulation of information in the human brain. This mechanism is mainly characterized by a neuronal activity during which neuron populations are able to maintain an enhanced spiking activity after being triggered by a short external cue. In this study, we implement, using the NEST simulator, a spiking neural network model in which the WM activity is sustained by a mechanism of short-term synaptic facilitation related to presynaptic calcium kinetics. The model, which is characterized by leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with exponential postsynaptic currents, is able to autonomously show an activity regime in which the memory information can be stored in a synaptic form as a result of synaptic facilitation, with spiking activity functional to facilitation maintenance. The network is able to simultaneously keep multiple memories by showing an alternated synchronous activity which preserves the synaptic facilitation within the neuron populations holding memory information. The results shown in this study confirm that a WM mechanism can be sustained by synaptic facilitation.
Identification and validation of a hypoxia-immune signature for overall survival prediction in lung adenocarcinoma

Objective: The interaction between immunity and hypoxia in tumor microenvironment (TME) has clinical significance, and this study aims to explore immune-hypoxia related biomarkers in LUAD to guide accurate prognosis of patients. Methods: The LUAD gene expression dataset was downloaded from GEO and TCGA databases. The immune-related genes and hypoxia-related genes were acquired from ImmPort and MSigDB databases, respectively. Genes related to immune and hypoxia in LUAD were obtained by intersection. The significantly prognostic genes in LUAD were obtained by LASSO and Cox regression analyses and a prognostic model was constructed. Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to evaluate and validate model reliability. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were employed to analyze immune cell infiltration and pathway differences between high- and low-risk groups. Nomogram and calibration curves for survival curve and clinical features were drawn to measure prognostic value of the model. Results: The prognosis model of LUAD was constructed based on seven immune-hypoxia related genes: S100P, S100A16, PGK1, TNFSF11, ARRB1, NCR3, and TSLP. Survival analysis revealed a poor prognosis in high-risk group. ssGSEA result suggested that activities of immune cells in high-risk group was remarkably lower than in low-risk group, and GSVA result showed that immune-related pathway was notably activated in low-risk group. Conclusion: Immune-hypoxia related genes were found to be prognostic biomarkers for LUAD patients, based on which a 7-immune-hypoxia related gene-signature was constructed. This model can assess immune status of LUAD patients, and provide clinical reference for individualized prognosis, treatment and follow-up of LUAD patients.
Unveiling mechanisms of change in digital interventions for depression: Study protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Introduction The efficacy and effectiveness of digital interventions for depression are both well-established. However, precise effect size estimates for mediators transmitting the effects of digital interventions are not available; and integrative insights on the specific mechanisms of change in internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs)—as related to key features like delivery type, accompanying support and theoretical foundation—are largely pending. Objective We will conduct a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) evaluating the mediators associated with therapeutic change in various IMIs for depression in adults. Methods We will use three electronic databases (i.e., Embase, Medline/PubMed, PsycINFO) as well as an already established database of IPD to identify relevant published and unpublished studies. We will include (1) randomized controlled trials that examine (2) mediators of (3) guided and unguided (4) IMIs with (5) various theoretical orientations for (6) adults with (7) clinically relevant symptoms of depression (8) compared to an active or passive control condition (9) with depression symptom severity as primary outcome. Study selection, data extraction, as well as quality and risk of bias (RoB) assessment will be done independently by two reviewers. Corresponding authors of eligible primary studies will be invited to share their IPD for this meta-analytic study. In a 1-stage IPD-MA, mediation analyses (e.g., on potential mediators like self-efficacy, emotion regulation or problem solving) will be performed using a multilevel structural equation modeling approach within a random-effects framework. Indirect effects will be estimated, with multiple imputation for missing data; the overall model fit will be evaluated and statistical heterogeneity will be assessed. Furthermore, we will investigate if indirect effects are moderated by different variables on participant- (e.g., age, sex/gender, symptom severity), study- (e.g., quality, studies evaluating the temporal ordering of changes in mediators and outcomes), and intervention-level (e.g., theoretical foundation, delivery type, guidance). Discussion This systematic review and IPD-MA will generate comprehensive information on the differential strength of mediators and associated therapeutic processes in digital interventions for depression. The findings might contribute to the empirically-informed advancement of psychotherapeutic interventions, leading to more effective interventions and improved treatment outcomes in digital mental health. Besides, with our novel approach to mediation analyses with IPD-MA, we might also add to a methodological progression of evidence-synthesis in psychotherapy process research. Study registration with Open Science Framework (OSF) https://osf.io/md7pq/.
Role of copper ionophore–induced death in immune microenvironment and clinical prognosis of ccRCC: An integrated analysis

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignancy with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis worldwide. Copper ionophore–induced death (CID) plays an important role in cancer progression. Methods: One training and three validation datasets were acquired from TCGA, GEO and ArrayExpress. K-means clustering was conducted to identify the CID subtypes. The ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were employed to illustrate the immune microenvironment of ccRCC. LASSO Cox regression was applied to construct the CID feature-based prognostic model. The immunotherapy cohort was acquired from the literature to explore the potential risk scores for predicting immunotherapy responsiveness. Results: Two CID-related cancer subtypes of ccRCC were identified that performed different immune microenvironment characteristics and prognosis. Based on the identified subtypes, we analyzed the biological heterogeneity and constructed a gene prognostic model. The prognostic model performed well in one training dataset, three validation datasets, and different clinical pathological groups. The prognostic model has a good potential for predicting cancer immune features and immunotherapy responsiveness. Conclusion: CID plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment progression of ccRCC. The robust gene prognostic model developed can help predict cancer prognosis, immune features, and immunotherapy responsiveness.
Doctrines for occupational health and safety

The balance between structure and handling uncertainty through mindfulness remains a riddle in occupational health and safety. In a similar vein, the relationship between strategy, business models, management control, and its influence on actual practice is still poorly understood. Hence, the notion of doctrines is here suggested as a new way of talking about these tensions, as a middle-way between abstract models and routines on the one hand, and actual mindful practices on the other. What becomes clear in this exploration is that the tension between structural abstractions on the one side and the concrete everyday, and possibly mindful, practice on the other are not only theoretical and practical concerns, but touches on the fundamental intelligibility of human action.
Cognitive dual-task cost depends on the complexity of the cognitive task, but not on age and disease

Introduction Dual-tasking (DT) while walking is common in daily life and can affect both gait and cognitive performance depending on age, attention prioritization, task complexity and medical condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DT on cognitive DT cost (DTC) (i) in a dataset including participants of different age groups, with different neurological disorders and chronic low-back pain (cLBP) (ii) at different levels of cognitive task complexity, and (iii) in the context of a setting relevant to daily life, such as combined straight walking and turning. Materials and methods Ninety-one participants including healthy younger and older participants and patients with Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Stroke and cLBP performed a simple reaction time (SRT) task and three numerical Stroop tasks under the conditions congruent (StC), neutral (StN) and incongruent (StI). The tasks were performed both standing (single task, ST) and walking (DT), and DTC was calculated. Mixed ANOVAs were used to determine the effect of group and task complexity on cognitive DTC. Results A longer response time in DT than in ST was observed during SRT. However, the response time was shorter in DT during StI. DTC decreased with increasing complexity of the cognitive task. There was no significant effect of age and group on cognitive DTC. Conclusion Our results suggest that regardless of age and disease group, simple cognitive tasks show the largest and most stable cognitive effects during DT. This may be relevant to the design of future observational studies, clinical trials and for clinical routine.
Fast-track development of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: The shots that saved the world

In December 2019, an outbreak emerged of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health Organisation announced the outbreak a global health emergency on 30 January 2020 and by 11 March 2020 it was declared a pandemic. The spread and severity of the outbreak took a heavy toll and overburdening of the global health system, particularly since there were no available drugs against SARS-CoV-2. With an immediate worldwide effort, communication, and sharing of data, large amounts of funding, researchers and pharmaceutical companies immediately fast-tracked vaccine development in order to prevent severe disease, hospitalizations and death. A number of vaccines were quickly approved for emergency use, and worldwide vaccination rollouts were immediately put in place. However, due to several individuals being hesitant to vaccinations and many poorer countries not having access to vaccines, multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants quickly emerged that were distinct from the original variant. Uncertainties related to the effectiveness of the various vaccines against the new variants as well as vaccine specific-side effects have remained a concern. Despite these uncertainties, fast-track vaccine approval, manufacturing at large scale, and the effective distribution of COVID-19 vaccines remain the topmost priorities around the world. Unprecedented efforts made by vaccine developers/researchers as well as healthcare staff, played a major role in distributing vaccine shots that provided protection and/or reduced disease severity, and deaths, even with the delta and omicron variants. Fortunately, even for those who become infected, vaccination appears to protect against major disease, hospitalisation, and fatality from COVID-19. Herein, we analyse ongoing vaccination studies and vaccine platforms that have saved many deaths from the pandemic.
Novel biodesign enhancements to at-risk traditional building materials

Extreme weather conditions increase the frequency of regular maintenance on heritage buildings and cause erosion of traditional materials. Developments in bio-enhanced self-repair materials provide an opportunity to improve building performance and reduce the frequency of costly maintenance schedules. The microbial sequestration of carbon by bacteria, encapsulated and layered into several limewash coats, facilitates capturing atmospheric carbon and reduces carbon-generating maintenance regimes. The use of hydrogels, alginates and biofilm derived biopolymers as novel bacterial encapsulation and nutrient delivery vehicles is discussed and the opportunity to develop self-healing sacrificial limewash as a future research project. Microbial enhanced carbon-fixing limewash may also offer a broader application to improve the performance of sustainable materials such as hemp-lime bio-composites as a fast-forward projection of problems and solutions with these materials in the future.
Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation restores the meiotic competency and fertilization capacity of porcine oocytes induced by arsenite

Arsenite is known as a well-known endocrine disrupting chemicals, and reported to be associated with an increased incidence of negative health effects, including reproductive disorders and dysfunction of the endocrine system. However, it still lacks of the research regarding the beneficial effects of ALA on arsenite exposed oocytes, and the underlying mechanisms have not been determined. Here, we report that supplementation of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a strong antioxidant naturally present in all cells of the humans, is able to restore the declined meiotic competency and fertilization capacity of porcine oocytes induced by arsenite. Notably, ALA recovers the defective nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of porcine oocytes caused by arsenite exposure, including the impaired spindle formation and actin polymerization, the defective mitochondrion integrity and cortical granules distribution. Also, ALA recovers the compromised sperm binding ability to maintain the fertilization potential of arsenite-exposed oocytes. Importantly, ALA suppresses the oxidative stress by reducing the levels of ROS and inhibits the occurrence of DNA damage along with apoptosis. Above all, we provide a new perspective for the application of ALA in effectively preventing the declined oocyte quality induced by environmental EDCs.
Association between dietary intake of fatty acids and colorectal cancer, a case-control study

Background The association of dietary fat and colorectal cancer (CRC) was frequently reported. However, few studies assessed the effects of different types of dietary fats on CRC. This study aimed to investigate the association between intakes of different types of dietary fatty acids with colorectal cancer risk. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 480 participants including 160 CRC cases and 320 healthy controls in Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The intake of dietary fatty acids of the participants was assessed using a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results The mean intake of cholesterol (273.07 ± 53.63 vs. 254.17 ± 61.12, P = 0.001), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (16.54 ± 4.20 vs. 15.41 ± 4.44, P = 0.012), and calorie (2,568.76 ± 404.48 vs. 2,493.38 ± 176.03, P = 0.006) was higher and the mean intake of oleic acid (5.59 ± 3.17 vs. 8.21 ± 5.46) and linoleic acid (6.03 ± 3.44 vs. 7.02 ± 4.08, P = 0.01) was lower in the case group compared to the control group. An inverse association was found between colorectal cancer (CRC) and dietary intake of oleic acid (OR: 0.85, CI 95% 0.80–0.90, P = 0.001), linoleic acid (OR: 0.85, CI 95% 0.78–0.93, P = 0.001), and α-linolenic acid (OR: 0.75, CI 95% 0.57–0.98, P = 0.04). The association remained significant after adjusting for age and sex, sleep, smoking, and alcohol consumption, and BMI. Conclusions The results of this study support a protective effect of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid against CRC. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these results.