Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determining the daily digestible protein intake for nile tilapia at different growth stages

This study aimed to estimate the utilization efficiency and optimal intake of digestible protein to maximize weight gain and feed conversion in Nile tilapia juveniles at different development stages. Four trials, each lasting 45 days, were performed using sexually inverted Nile tilapia juveniles with an initial average weight of 2.01 g (phase A), 14.26 g (phase B), 59.96 g (phase C), and 149.11 g (phase D). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. The levels of digestible protein ranged from 175 to 425 g kg-1 (phase A), 163 to 390 g kg-1 (phase B), 150 to 360 g kg-1 (phase C), and 138 to 330 g kg-1 (phase D). The maximum responses in terms of weight gain were obtained with protein intakes (digestible protein) of 88, 328, 713, and 855 mg fish-1 day-1, respectively, for phases A, B, C, and D. The maximum feed conversion ratio was obtained with protein intakes of 78, 272, 697, and 793 mg fish-1 day-1, respectively, for phases A, B, C, and D. The protein utilization efficiency was 52, 51, 51, and 50% for phases A, B, C, and D, respectively.
A PUF-based and cloud-assisted lightweight authentication for multi-hop body area network

Wireless sensor technology plays an important role in the military, medical, and commercial fields nowadays. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a special application of the wireless sensor network in human health monitoring, through which patients can know their physical condition in real time and respond to emergencies on time. Data reliability, guaranteed by the trust of nodes in WBAN, is a prerequisite for the effective treatment of patients. Therefore, authenticating the sensor nodes and the sink nodes in WBAN is necessary. This paper proposes a lightweight Physical Unclonable Function (PUF)-based and cloud-assisted authentication mechanism for multi-hop body area networks, which compared with the star single-hop network, can enhance the adaptability to human motion and the integrity of data transmission. Such authentication mechanism can significantly reduce the storage overhead and resource loss in the data transmission process.
Conservation Education and Outreach Techniques (2nd Edition) Susan K. Jacobson, Mallory D. McDuff and Martha C. Monroe. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2015, xvi + 428 pp. ISBN: 9780198567714. Price USD$64.95 (paperback)

Book review of Conservation Education and Outreach Techniques (2nd Edition) Susan K. Jacobson, Mallory D. McDuff and Martha C. Monroe. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2015, xvi + 428 pp. ISBN: 9780198567714. Price USD$64.95 (paperback).
A Novel Cuckoo Search Optimized Deep Auto-Encoder Network-Based Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Bearing

To enhance the performance of deep auto-encoder (AE) under complex working conditions, a novel deep auto-encoder network method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper. First, multiscale analysis is adopted to extract the multiscale features from the raw vibration signals of rolling bearing. Second, the sparse penalty term and contractive penalty term are used simultaneously to regularize the loss function of auto-encoder to enhance the feature learning ability of networks. Finally, the cuckoo search algorithm (CS) is used to find the optimal hyperparameters automatically. The proposed method is applied to the experimental data analysis. The results indicate that the proposed method could more effectively distinguish fault categories and severities of rolling bearings under different working conditions than other methods.
Leaf spot on cattleya orchid caused by Neoscytalidium orchidacearum in Thailand

Abstract Leaf spots caused by plant pathogenic fungi are among the main diseases affecting orchid plants worldwide. A leaf spot disease was widespread in a nursery of cattleya orchid (Cattleya lueddemanniana var. lueddemanniana) in Lampang Province, Thailand in 2016. A fungus was isolated from leaf lesions and identified as Neoscytalidium orchidacearum based on morphological characteristics and the identification was confirmed using a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the combined internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of ribosomal DNA sequences. The isolated fungus caused spot symptoms on inoculated orchid leaves similar to symptoms observed in the field. This is the first report of orchid leaf spot disease caused by N. orchidacearum.
Comparison of Pulmonary Artery Pressure Measurement With Doppler Echocardiography or With Right Heart Catheterization in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease

Background: Doppler echocardiography (D-ECHO) is a commonly used imaging tool for both diagnosis and follow-up examination of congenital heart disease (CHD). The goal of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of D-ECHO as used to measure an estimate sPAP in pediatric patients with CHD. Methods: A prospective study in 397 pediatric patients with CHD has been carried out to compare estimate sPAP measured with D-ECHO to that measured with right heart catheterization (RHC). Pearson correlation analyses were used to calculate the correlation coefficients between RHC and D-ECHO. Bland-Altman analyses were carried out to assess the agreement between the two methods. Results: Our data have demonstrated a significant underestimation of sPAP by D-ECHO compared to that by RHC. A strong correlation (r = 0.957, p < 0.01) was found between sPAP (36.1 ± 14.9 mmHg) and RVSP (36.0 ± 14.5 mmHg) measured with RHC. However, a relatively weak correlation (r = 0.219, p < 0.01) was observed between sPAP (36.1 ± 14.9 mmHg) measured during RHC and sPAP (28.7 ± 9.7 mmHg) as estimated using D-ECHO. The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated that the bias for D-ECHO sPAP estimates was 6.6 mmHg with 95% limits of agreement ranging from −23.6 to 36.8 mmHg. A total of 57.5% of D-ECHO measurements were found to be accurate, with accuracy predefined as 95% of agreement within ±10 mmHg for sPAP estimates. Conclusions: sPAP measured with D-ECHO may be underestimated in pediatric patients with CHD.
Shipboard determination of dissolved cobalt in sea-water using flow injection with catalytic spectrophotometric detection

A flow injection spectrophotometric technique for the determination of cobalt in sea-water and hydrothermal sea-water solutions is described. It is based on the catalytic effect of cobalt(II) on the oxidation of N,N′-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of Tiron as an activator. The catalytic activity of cobalt(II) was found to be significantly enhanced by the presence of sea-water matrix components, especially calcium ions, improving the sensitivity of cobalt determination in sea-water. The comparatively weak basic medium (pH 8.7–9.0) of the reaction and its relative freedom from co-existing ions allowed the direct analysis of sea-water to be conducted effectively without any preliminary steps. The sampling rate was 50 h–1. The limit of detection for cobalt was 1 ng l–1 and the relative standard deviation at the level of 10–100 ng l–1 was 2–8%(n= 5). The technique was confirmed to be accurate on the basis of the analysis of the standard sea-water solutions CASS-2 and NASS-2. Artificial hydrothermal solution samples were analysed by the proposed technique and the results were in good agreement with data obtained by ICP-MS.
Immunomodulatin Effect of Inactivated Parapox Virus (Zylexis)on Sheep Crop Vaccinated with Inactivated RVF Vaccine

Citation: AbulMagd DM. , et al. “Immunomodulatin Effect of Inactivated Parapox Virus (Zylexis) on Sheep Crop Vaccinated with Inactivated RVF Vaccine”. EC Veterinary Science 5.10 (2020): 54-64. Abstract Ebtsam EZ Kotb1, AbulMagd DM2* and Darwish MD3 1Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt, 2Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt 3Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
The complete mitochondrial genome of the cavity-nesting honeybee, Apis cerana (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Borneo

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of the cavity-nesting honeybee Apis cerana from Sabah on Borneo Island was analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The mitochondrial genome of A. cerana was a circular molecule of 15,884 bp and was similar to that of the other cavity-nesting honeybee species. The average AT content in the A. cerana mitochondrial genome was 84.4%. It was predicted to contain 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and two rRNA genes, along with one A + T-rich control region.
Rage against the machine? Incorporating legal tech into legal education

ABSTRACT Technology is changing the way that legal services are delivered and is having an impact on the administration of justice. Law firms are increasingly adopting digital technologies to disrupt traditional ways of working. The emergence of new technologies test existing legal parameters, paradigms and concepts bringing about legal, ethical and societal challenges. Planned changes to the legal education and training for solicitors and barristers provide law schools with an opportunity to review their curricula. Despite the rise of digital technologies, empirical data suggests that only a few institutions currently offer legal tech modules. This article explores the pedagogical challenges and opportunities afforded by engaging students in technologically enhanced learning.
Assessing the Agreement between Deforestation Maps of Kalimantan from Various Sources

Due to its multiscale impacts, deforestation of tropical rainforests had become a global concern. A number of stakeholders comprising government, research agencies, and NGOs; ranging from local to international levels; have developed their own forest monitoring systems for detecting forest loss. However, discrepancies on deforestation reports from various producers often trigger public debates; which mostly degenerate the productivity of efforts in providing salient, legitimate and credible data on deforestation. Thus, we should reconcile the dispute by acknowledging the deforestation data from all sources. This study assessed the agreement between deforestation maps from various sources. In this case, deforestation maps of Kalimantan within 2009-2013 period from 4 sources were used; i.e. deforestation maps from European Space Agency - Climate Change Initiative (ESA-CCI), Forest Watch Indonesia (FWI), Global Forest Watch (GFW), and Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF). We found that the inter-rater agreement between deforestation maps were relatively low, as indicated by Cohen’s kappa (κ), ranging from slight (κ=0.18 between ESA-CCI and GFW) to fair (0.24 ≤ κ ≤ 0.35 for other pairs of sources); due to omission/commission disagreements (47.82% to 87.58%). It suggests that in order to reconcile the dispute, we should remove the omission disagreement by forming the union of deforestation maps. The results from further analyses proved that the union of deforestation maps increased the agreement to moderate (κ=0.44 between union map and FWI) and even substantial (κ=0.79 between union map and GFW). Findings of this study should support the implementation of one map policy.
QTL mapping for seedling morphology under drought stress in wheat cross synthetic (W7984)/Opata

Abstract Drought stress ‘particularly at seedling stage’ causes morpho-physiological differences in wheat which are crucial for its survival and adaptability. In the present study, 209 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from synthetic wheat (W7984)× ‘Opata’ (also known as SynOpRIL) population were investigated under well-watered and water-limited conditions to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for morphological traits at seedling stage. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P < 0.01) among RILs, and water treatments for all traits with moderate to high broad sense heritability. Pearson's coefficient of correlation revealed positive correlation among all traits except dry root weight that showed poor correlation with fresh shoot weight (FSW) under water-limited conditions. A high-density linkage map was constructed with 2639 genotyping-by-sequencing markers and covering 5047 cM with an average marker density of 2 markers/cM. Composite interval mapping identified 16 QTL distributed over nine chromosomes, of which six were identified under well-watered and 10 in water-limited conditions. These QTL explained from 4 to 59% of the phenotypic variance. Six QTL were identified on chromosome 7B; three for shoot length under water-limited conditions (QSL.nust-7B) at 64, 104 and 221 cM, two for fresh root weight (QFRW.nust-7B) at 124 and 128 cM, and one for root length (QRL.nust-7B) at 122 cM positions. QFSW.nust-7B appeared to be the most significant QTL explaining 59% of the phenotypic variance and also associated with FSW at well-watered conditions. These QTL could serve as target regions for candidate gene discovery and marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding.
Virulence Diversity in Rhizoctonia Solani Causing Sheath Blight in RicePathogenicitya

Knowledge of variations in Rhizoctonia Solani causing rice sheath blight disease in different geographic regionsis still scarce and may be a useful tool for examining the nature and spread of population, disease epidemiology and host-pathogen interaction within rice patho-system. Molecular markers provide a basis for identifying patterns, dispersal and colonization in spatial and temporal distribution of pathogenic population and in development of species concepts by providing information about the limits of genetically isolated group in relation to patterns of morphological variation and behavior of any pathogen. Twenty-five isolates of Rhizoctonia Solani causing sheath blight in rice were collected from Kerala, New Delhi, Punjab, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh of India and subjected for determination of virulence diversity. There was great diversity in the population of R. Solani which deferred greatly according to color and texture of colony, number and size of sclerotia, time taken for sclerotia formation and also the place and manner of sclerotia formation in the colony. At molecular level, also there was great diversity in the R. Solani population. A total of 80 PCR bands were detected among 25 isolates of R. Solani. The number of alleles per locus, varied from 1to7. Highest [1] PCR products were obtained with primers-OPW-13 and OPA-04 whereas lowest PCR products [2] were obtained with primer UBC-310 and OPB-08. There was only one monomorphic band, which was present in related primer UBC-373.The similarity coefficients among the R. Solani population ranged between 0.53 to 0.94. One isolate of R. Solani from Uttar Pradesh (RS-16) and another isolate from Punjab (RS-1) were most distantly related. The R. Solani isolates (RS-11&RS-12) and (RS-20& RS-21) all belonging to Uttar Pradesh were genetically most closely to each other.
Clinical utility of a composite scoring system including Charlson Comorbidity Index score in patients with interstitial lung disease

Background Prognostic factors have yet to be established for patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). We aimed to clarify whether the Charlson Comorbidity Index score (CCIS) could help predict disease prognosis in patients with ILD. Methods Among ILD patients treated between April 2013 and April 2017, we retrospectively assessed the relationship between baseline clinical parameters including age, sex, CCIS, ILD diagnosis, pulmonary function test results, and 3-year ILD-related events including cause-specific death and first acute exacerbation (AE). Results We assessed 180 patients (mean age, 74 years), all of whom underwent pulmonary function testing including percentage predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (%DLco). Underlying pathologies included idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in 57 cases, idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP) and collagen vascular disease-related interstitial pneumonia in 117 cases, and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia (CHP) in 6 cases. A composite scoring system comprising IPF diagnosis, CCIS, and %DLco provided a favorable C-index (0.825) for predicting 3-year ILD-related events. The nomogram for 3-year prognosis revealed the largest contributions from CCIS, %DLco and IPF diagnosis. Conclusions This composite scoring system accounting for IPF diagnosis, CCIS, and %DLco could provide a useful tool for predicting prognosis in relatively mild ILD patients tolerated to pulmonary diffusion capacity testing.
Effect of Transition Metals Oxides on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sintered Tungsten Heavy Alloys

The addition of transition element oxides to tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) fabricated by powder metallurgy technique provides new materials with higher density and electrical conductivity, which may be adequate in some applications such as kinetic energy penetrators. Additionally, materials with higher electrical conductivity are required for electrical contact applications such as electrical discharge machining (EDM) electrode materials. WHAs were fabricated by compacting its mixed constituents followed by sintering. Ni, Co and Fe are used as binding phases of the tungsten particles and oxides of Zr, Ti and Y are used as oxide dispersing strengthening (ODS) agents of the sintered materials. The results show that all of the chosen factors (i.e., pressure of compaction process, temperature of sintering, type of binding material and type of oxide) have clear effects on all properties of ODS tungsten heavy alloy specimens. The density and electrical conductivity increase with the increase in sintering temperature. Hardness and compression strength were also measured to evaluate the mechanical properties of sintered samples.
Morphological processing in nominalizations

A major debate in psycholinguistics concerns the representation of morphological structure in the mental lexicon. We report the results of an auditory primed lexical decision experiment in which we tested whether verbs prime their nominalizations in Dutch. We find morphological priming effects with regular nominalizations (schorsen ‘suspend’ → schorsing ‘suspension’) as well as with irregular nominalizations (schieten ‘shoot’ → schot ‘shot’). On this basis, we claim that, despite the lack of phonological identity between stem and derivation in the case of irregular nominalizations, the morphological relation between the two forms, suffices to evoke a priming effect. However, an alternative explanation, according to which the semantic relation in combination with the phonological overlap accounts for the priming effect, cannot be excluded.
Mixed geometric loss for bounding box regression in object detection

Abstract. Predicting bounding box with higher intersection over union (IoU) is one of the most important issues in many computer vision tasks. The ℓn-norm loss and IoU-based loss are two conventional approaches to guide a training process in recent methods. However, the optimization direction of ℓn-norm loss is not exactly the same as maximizing the metric. In addition, IoU-based loss suffers from some inevitable disadvantages due to the direct addition of IoU. According to the shape, size, and position properties, we design a mixed geometric (MG) regression loss to increase the similarity and the overlapping area of two bounding boxes. The shape is described by the cosine similarity of diagonal vectors, the size is measured by the length or width of the boxes, and the location is calculated by the center positions of the boxes. Simulation experiments verify that the proposed MG loss can achieve competitive convergence speed and regression accuracy. By introducing the state-of-the-art models in object detection, experiments are carried out on a well-known benchmark dataset, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in object detection.
Spatiotemporal freeze–thaw variations over the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau 1981–2017 from reanalysis

The thawing and freezing conditions on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) are considered effective indicators that are widely used in ecology, climate change, cold‐region engineering design, and permafrost mapping. The purpose of this study is to utilize reanalysis to detect spatial variations in freeze–thaw conditions across the QTP from 1981–2017. From a comparison of five recent reanalysis models (MERRA2: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Modern‐Era Reanalysis for Research and Applications, Version 2; ERA: European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Interim Reanalysis; GLDAS: Global Land Data Assimilation System NOAH; CFS: National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, Version 2; and CMFD: China Meteorological Forcing Dataset) against existing sparse observations of 2‐m surface air temperature (SAT), we find that NASA MERRA2 dataset is the most applicable to the QTP. Then, the MERRA2 SAT dataset was selected for this study and was corrected and validated by utilizing calibration models built from the observed data. The results revealed that the correlation coefficients between the corrected MERRA2 SAT and meteorological station observed data increased from 0.52 to 0.93, 0.49 to 0.90, 0.56 to 0.93, and 0.69 to 0.93 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The corrected parameters performed better in the southern and southeastern portions of the QTP. Finally, we utilize the corrected MERRA2 dataset to develop freeze–thaw indices and evaluate statistical trends. We find that relatively high air freezing indices are one of the important factors for the presence of permafrost in the central and northeastern portions of the QTP. Trends in the air thawing and freezing indices in the permafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions indicate that, from 1981 to 2017 in the permafrost regions, the warming was more significant in the summer than in the other seasons. However, the winter warming rates in permafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions are almost the same.
Assessment of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for drought stress tolerance using morpho-physiological indices as a screening technique

Drought stress is one of the primary problem for agricultural crops which causes a great decline in crop production in Pakistan and worldwide. Rice is an economically main cereal crop affected by drought stress. In this study, twenty-one rice genotypes (including 19 mutants (M5 generation) of super basmati and two varieties were subjected to various concentration of PEG-600 (10% and 15%) at seedling stage to explore the mechanism of drought stress tolerance. PEG-6000 induced drought stress caused a substantial decline in growth attributes and relative water contents (RWC), and increase the levels of electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in all rice genotypes. A significant difference among the tested rice genotypes based on morpho-physiological indiceswas recorded. Based on morphophysiological indices (RLSI, SLSI, PFWSI, PDWSI, EL, MDA and H2O2), genotypes HTT-119, HTT-74, HTT-92, HTT-97, HTT-104, HTT-119, HTT-125 and HTT-132 were categorized as drought tolerant, while HTT-19, HTT-39, Super basmati (Super Bas), HTT-81, and IR-64 performed poorly recognized as sensitive genotypes. In addition, remaining eight mutants were identified as moderate tolerant. According to present study findings, the screened rice genotypes for drought tolerance can also be suggested to farmers for the improved production and yield of crop on drought-affected area.