Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversified crop rotations enhance groundwater and economic sustainability of food production

Earth’s water resources are critical for supporting livelihoods and food security but are being increasingly overexploited to support global agriculture. Diversifying cropping systems could potentially resolve unsustainable water use but trade-offs with other aspects of sustainability and food security have not yet been assessed. We perform a detailed meta-analysis to systematically compare 31 different crop rotations in China– in terms of actual evapotranspiration (ETa), effect on groundwater depth, grain yield, economic output, and water use efficiency (WUE) – and identify configurations that can achieve co-benefits across multiple dimensions. We find that a combination of lowering the cropping index (i.e., harvest frequency), incorporating fallow periods, and introducing higher value crops into the currently dominant winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system can reduce growing season ETa by as much as 31%, mitigate groundwater decline by 19% or more, and increased economic output and economic WUE by more than 11% and 3%, respectively. We also find that multiple diversified wheat-maize–based rotations– all with rotation lengths greater than two years– achieve co-benefits across all evaluated dimensions. This study provides new empirical evidence of the opportunities for diversified crop rotations to balance the multiple objectives of food production, sustainable groundwater use and farmer profitability. Extending this solution to other water-stressed agricultural regions could be an effective strategy in achieving more sustainable food production globally.
Research on malicious Web Page Detection algorithm based on Deep Learning

: In recent years, malicious web page detection mainly relies on semantic analysis or code simulation execution to extract features, but these methods are complex to implement, require high computational overhead and increase the attack surface. For this reason, a malicious web page detection method based on deep learning is proposed. Firstly, simple regular expressions are used to extract semantically independent tags directly from static HTML documents. Then the neural network model is used to capture the local representation of the document on multiple hierarchical spatial scales, and the ability to quickly find small malicious code fragments from web pages of arbitrary length is realized. this method is compared with a variety of baseline models and simplified models, and the results show that this method achieves a detection rate of 96.4% with a false alarm rate of 0.1%. Better classification accuracy is obtained. the speed and accuracy of this method make it suitable for deployment to endpoints, firewalls and Web agents.
Construction and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on DNA Methylation-driven Differentially Expressed Genes

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent type of kidney cancer. This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict ccRCC prognosis.Methods: By integrating DNA methylation (DNAm) data and gene expression profiles of ccRCC obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), DNAm-driven genes were identified by differential and correlation analyses. Next, risk genes were selected by multiple algorithms (univariate Cox and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses) and various databases (TCGA, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), and The Human Protein Atlas (HPA)). A risk score model was established by multivariate Cox analyses. ConsensusPathDB and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to identify the biological functions of the selected genes. After comprehensively evaluating the clinical data, we established and assessed a dynamic nomogram available on a webserver.Results: In total, 220 differentially expressed DNAm-driven genes were identified, and five-gene signature (EPB41L4B, HHLA2, IFI16, CMTM3, and XAF1) was related to overall survival (OS). Next, we integrated the DNAm-driven genes into the prognostic risk score model and found that age, histologic grade, pathological stage, and risk level were correlated with OS in ccRCC patients. Based on these variables, a dynamic nomogram was established to predict the ccRCC prognosis. Finally, Functional enrichment analysis showed that the functions of these genes were relevant to immune reactions.Conclusions: We identified a 5 DNAm-driven gene signature whose altered status was highly correlated with ccRCC patient OS. We constructed a dynamic nomogram to provide individualized survival predictions for ccRCC patients.
Identification of The Downregulation of TPD52-Like3 Gene and NKX2-1 Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Via RNA Sequencing

In an earlier study, it was proposed that the final consequence of hereditary anomaly results in the development of type 2 diabetes, which already emerges in the prediabetic phase. It was thought to occur due to an increased flux, as compared to the healthy controls where protons (H+-ions) from the mitochondrial intermembranespace re-enter the matrix via uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1). This causes hyperthermia in and around the mitochondria [1].
Interdiffusivity of FeO-CaO in FeO-CaO-SiO 2 Melts by means of Electrochemical Method

The interdiffusivity of FeO−CaO in the Hquid FeO−CaO−SiO2 slag contained in an iron crucible has been mea− sured in the temperature range 1573 to 1673 K using the electrochemical method． The experimental technique was the chrono−potentiometry at constant currents using the following cell： solid Fe i liquid FeO−CaO−SiO21solid Fe Slags contain 21 to 32 mol％FeO and 32 to 52 mol％SiO2． The interdiffusivity varies from 1．6×10−11 to 3．9×10−10 m2 s 1at 1573 K，2．7×10−11 to 5．8×10−10 m2 s−1at 1623Kand 4．3×10−11 to 8．9×10−10 m2 s−1at 1673 K， depeIlding on the silica content of the slag． The interdiffu− sivity is inversely proportional to the viscosity． These results show that the interdiffusivity is govemed by the siH− cate structure and the amount of silicate．
Using information and communication technologies in teaching the academic discipline “Lifecycle management of information systems”

The results of the research on the application of information and communication technologies in teaching the discipline “Lifecycle management of information systems” in higher education institutions majoring in “Business Informatics” are presented in the article. The choice of methods, notations and modeling tools supporting the life cycle of information systems creation was carried out on the basis of peer inspections. The information for the execution of an examination was systematized in the form of passports of methods, notations and modeling tools. The package of educational materials, including interactive lectures, laboratory work, business games, independent tasks that form students’ professional competencies, was created using the selected techniques, notations and modeling tools. It is proposed to include elements of a package of training materials when teaching other engineering disciplines related to the creation of various automated systems, including information and software systems.
Theoretical Studies of Trans-Alkene Mycolic Acid

Theoretical studies carried on trans -alkene mycolic acid (MA) that characterize (2 R ,3 R ,17 R ,39 S ,40 S , E )-3-hydroxy-39-methoxy-17,40-dimethyl-2- tetra cosyl- octapentacont-18-enoic acid (1). The stereochemistry of MA was showed that the chiral centres in C(19), C(20), C(44), C(49) and C(51) were in ( S ), ( S ), ( R ), ( R ) and ( R ) configurations respectively and the double bond in C(42)-C(43) was described as E -isomer. The results of conformational energy for selected (85) conformers in the acid structure were showed that the torsion angles 15(? >>"> ) were in the range (±180) and this indicate the folding of MA a way same to that present in biomolecules. Theoretical studies of torsional strain (E) of each conformer were showed that the MA has eclipsed and staggered conformation. Internal coordinate mechanics (ICM) of MA was showed that the angle type in most of atoms was dihedral. The bond lengths, bond angles, torsion angles and dihedral angles were also studied, in order to study their effect in the molecule properties and their consequence in the molecular mechanics (MM2) and optimal minimization. Thus, the MM2 properties were envisioned, the results were showed that the torsion energy and the total energy were equal to 13.3334 and 255.0187 kcal/mol respectively. High Van der Waals (VDW) interactions of this MA were observed, due to the dipole/ dipole was not computed. Further, the results of MM2 minimization for MA were showed that the torsion energy and the total energy were equal to 8.8418 and 62.9851 kcal/mol respectively. Thus, the dipole/ dipole (0.2185) of acid was detected after minimization. The results after minimization were showed a significant increase in the actual close contact of atoms. Also, the results were displayed that the carboxylic O(47) atom was close contact with H(179) atom that bonded with alkane C(49) atom in mycolic motif. Further, the molecular mechanics force field (MMFF94) energy and gradient for MA were also calculated. The results were showed that the total energy and RMS gradients were equal to 228.561 kcal/mol and 17.735 respectively. The final energy of MMFF94 minimization and minimization/ sampling were equal to 11.2963 kcal/mol and 11.1221 kcal/mol respectively, which indicated that the minimization was attended successfully. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Mycolic acid, Internal coordinates
Comparing Translation Strategies of Two Different Translators of 'Tintin In Tibet'

This study discusses the differences in Indonesian translations of Tintin in Tibet published by two different publishers. The translation strategies used in these books were qualitatively analyzed using the theory of Mona Baker (2018). The rank of the most dominant strategies, from the most frequent to the less, used by the translators are paraphrase using the unrelated word, paraphrase using the related word, cultural substitution, omission, and less expressive word. The naturalness of the translation is affected by the strategies and by the traits of the character and context. In the translation of swear words, the best strategy used to translate the swear words are cultural substitution. It is better than other strategies because the readers can understand more if familiar swear words are used. In conclusion, both translators have different results of natural translation, but in the translation of swear words, the translator of Indira provides more natural translation.Keywords: Translation, translation strategies, natural, swear words
Start Making Sense: Predicting confidence in virtual human interactions using biometric signals

Citation for published version: Dalzel-Job, S, Hill, RL & Petrick, R 2020, Start Making Sense: Predicting confidence in virtual human interactions using biometric signals. in Volume 1 of the Proceedings of the joint meeting of the 12th International Conference on Measuring Behavior and the 6th Seminar on Behavioral Methods to be held in Krakow, Poland, October 15-18 2021. vol. 1, www.measuringbehaviour. org, pp. 72-75, 12th International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research and 6th International Seminar on Behavioral Methods, Krakow, Poland, 13/10/21. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. 13013717
The regulation of macrophage polarization by hypoxia-PADI4 coordination in Rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND Hypoxia, a common feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), induces the over-expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and macrophages. However, the roles of PADI4 and its inducer hypoxia in the regulation of macrophage polarization remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of hypoxia-PADI4 for macrophage polarization in RA patients. METHODS Synovial tissue (ST) and synovial fluid (SF) were collected from 3 OA patients and 6 RA patients. The distribution of M1 and M2 in ST and cytokines in SF were examined by immunohistochemical analysis and Bio-Plex immunoassays. THP-1 macrophages and BMDM polarization were determined under normoxic (21% oxygen) or hypoxic (3% oxygen) conditions. The effects of PADI4 on macrophages were determined by transfection of adenovirus vector-coated PADI4 (AdPADI4) and the use of PADI4 inhibitor. Finally, the roles of PADI4 in joint synovial lesions on macrophage polarization were investigated in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. RESULTS We found increased macrophage polarization of M1 and M2 in the RA ST, compared with OA ST. The ratio of M1/M2 for RA and OA was 1.633 ± 0.1443 and 2.544 ± 0.4429, respectively. The concentration of M1- and M2-type cytokines was higher in RA than that in OA patients. Hypoxia contributed to the increase of the gene and protein expression of M1 and M2 markers. M1- but not M2-type gene expression showed a positive relationship with PADI4 expressionwhile the level of expression of M2-type genes showed no significant difference. The degree of joint swelling and destruction was effectively alleviated, and the number of macrophages especially M1 decreased in CIA rats after down-regulating PADI4 expression. CONCLUSION Hypoxia is responsible for the co-polarization of M1 and M2. Hypoxia-associated PADI4 is responsible for M1 macrophage activation, implying that the inflammatory environment can be eased by decreasing PADI4 expression and improving the hypoxic environment.
Attempted Control of Paratuberculosis in Dairy Calves by Only Changing the Quality of Milk Fed to Calves

Simple Summary Milk is an important transmission route of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) for dairy calves. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of milk treatments to prevent MAP infection transmission to calves. A one-year field longitudinal study was carried out. Newborn calves were assigned to one of four experimental groups. MAP numbers were estimated for treated and untreated milk. Infection progression was monitored monthly. After one year, calves were euthanized, and tissue samples examined grossly and by histopathology. Milk treatments were highly effective though MAP shedding was also observed in all groups. It was not enough to try to block MAP infection transmission controlling only the quality of milk consumed by calves. Abstract One of the important routes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) transmission in dairy calves is milk. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of milk treatments to prevent MAP infection transmission to calves. A one-year longitudinal study was carried out. Newborn calves were assigned to one of four experimental groups: 5 calves received naturally MAP-contaminated milk, 5 calves received copper treated milk, 4 calves were fed calf milk replacer, and 3 were fed UHT pasteurized milk. MAP load in milk was estimated. Infection progression was monitored monthly. After one year, calves were euthanized, and tissue samples were cultured and visually examined. MAP was undetectable in milk replacer and UHT milk. Copper ion treatment significantly reduced the number of viable MAP in naturally contaminated milk. Fecal shedding of MAP was observed in all study groups but began earlier in calves fed naturally contaminated milk. Paratuberculosis control programs must place multiple hurdles between the infection source, MAP-infected adult cows, and the most susceptible animals on the farm, young calves. As our study shows, strict dependence on a single intervention to block infection transmission, no matter how important, fails to control this insidious infection on dairy farms.
Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among Polish dentistry students

Introduction and objective. Depression is a disease that affects over 264 million people worldwide. According to research, the problem of depression concerns dentistry students. The aim of the research was to investigate the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms among Polish dental students, determine factors associated with this phenomenon and examine the relationship between these factors and depressive symptoms. Material and method. The participants of the study were dental students enrolled in each of the 10 Polish universities that offer dental education. The research tool was an author’s questionnaire and a Polish-language version of 9-Item-Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results. A total of 247 dental students took part in the study. The statistical analysis showed that 53.85% of the respondents were provisionally diagnosed with major depression. 8.91% of the participants had symptoms of severe depression. The research suggests that not doing sports regularly and not getting enough sleep are factors associated with depression among Polish dental students. Conclusions. Depressive symptoms among Polish dental students are common. Results suggest that it is important for students to maintain physical activity and take care of proper sleep hygiene. Further research needs to be done in order to explore more factors associated with depressive symptoms in the above-mentioned group.
Evidence of Neuroplasticity: A Robotic Hand Exoskeleton Study for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

Background: A novel electromechanical robotic-exoskeleton was designed in-house for rehabilitation of wrist joint and Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint. Objective: The objective was to compare the rehabilitation effectiveness (clinical-scales and neurophysiological-measures) of robotic-therapy training-sessions with dose-matched control in patients with stroke. Methods: An observational pilot study was designed with patients within 2 years of chronicity. Patients received an intervention of 20 sessions of 45-minutes each, five days a week for four-weeks) in Robotic-therapy Group (RG) (n=12) and conventional upper-limb rehabilitation in Control-Group (CG) (n=11). Clinical-scales– Modified Ashworth Scale, Active Range of Motion, Barthel-Index, Brunstrom-stage and Fugl-Meyer scale (Shoulder/Elbow and Wrist/Hand component), and neurophysiological-measures of cortical-excitability (using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) –Motor Evoked Potential and Resting Motor-threshold, were acquired pre and post-therapy. Results: RG and CG showed significant improvement in all clinical motor-outcomes (p<0.05) except Modified Ashworth Scale in CG. RG showed significantly higher improvement over CG in Modified Ashworth Scale, Active Range of Motion and Fugl-Meyer (FM) scale and FM Wrist-/Hand component) (p<0.05). Increase in cortical-excitability in ipsilesional-hemisphere was found to be statistically significant in RG over CG, as indexed by decrease in Resting Motor-Threshold and increase in amplitude of Motor Evoked Potential (p<0.05). No significant changes were shown by the contralesional-hemisphere. Interhemispheric RMT-asymmetry evidenced significant changes in RG over CG (p<0.05) indicating increased cortical-excitability in ipsilesional-hemisphere along with interhemispheric changes.Conclusion: Neurophysiological-changes in RG could be most likely a consequence of plastic-reorganization and use-dependent plasticity. Robotic-exoskeleton training could significantly improve motor-outcomes and cortical-excitability in patients with stroke.Registry number: IEC/NP-99/13.03. 2015
Forecasting Financial Distress With Machine Learning – A Review

Purpose – Evaluate the various academic researches with multiple views on credit risk and artificial intelligence (AI) and their evolution. Theoretical framework – The study is divided as follows: Section 1 introduces the article. Section 2 deals with credit risk and its relationship with computational models and techniques. Section 3 presents the methodology. Section 4 addresses a discussion of the results and challenges on the topic. Finally, section 5 presents the conclusions. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic review of the literature was carried out without defining the time period and using the Web of Science and Scopus database. Findings – The application of computational technology in the scope of credit risk analysis has drawn attention in a unique way. It was found that the demand for identification and introduction of new variables, classifiers and more assertive methods is constant. The effort to improve the interpretation of data and models is intense. Research, Practical & Social implications – It contributes to the verification of the theory, providing information in relation to the most used methods and techniques, it brings a wide analysis to deepen the knowledge of the factors and variables on the theme. It categorizes the lines of research and provides a summary of the literature, which serves as a reference, in addition to suggesting future research. Originality/value – Research in the area of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning is recent and requires attention and investigation, thus, this study contributes to the opening of new views in order to deepen the work on this topic.
Employee empowerment and empowering leadership: A literature review

Empowerment fosters employee’s creativity, quality of work-life, spirit of teamwork and organisational effectiveness. organisations do not only need to empower employees but should also encourage empowering leadership. Empowering leadership connotes the sharing of power and motivating employees to crave for superior performance. This paper focuses on literature in the employee empowerment and empowering leadership contexts. Considering the role people play in organisations, it is important to understand the impact of employee empowerment and empowering leadership on organisational outcomes. The author used historical data and findings from previous studies to draw insight on the subject. Based on our review, it was observed that employee empowerment fosters employee performance, job satisfaction, organisational commitment, customer satisfaction, productivity and business growth. Empowering leadership have been examined from the structural and motivational theoretical perspective. Several studies lend credence to the positive influence of empowering leadership on employees’ psychological empowerment. The author proposed some recommendations for managers to implement