Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wind-based Dispersal of Oribatid Mites (Acari : Oribatida) in A Subtropical Forest in Japan

Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) are found not only on the forest floor and in arboreal habitats (e.g., Aoki, 1973; Behan-Pelletier and Walter, 2000; Travé, 1963), but also in littoral habitats (e.g., Karasawa and Hijii, 2004a, b; Luxton, 1992). Some species constantly live in bird’s feathers (Krivolutsky and Lebedeva, 2004a, b). Thus, clarifying the habitat use of oribatid mites can contribute to an understanding of the relationships between habitat diversity and biodiversity. The modes of dispersal used by individuals can determine whether or not a species can use a given habitat, and consequently contribute to defining the community structure of a given habitat (Prinzing and Woas, 2003). Thus, knowledge of the dispersal modes used by oribatid mites can help us to evaluate the importance of colonization processes in the development of their communities in various habitats. Oribatid mites can climb trees (Murphy and Balla, 1973), and some can even jump more than 10 cm (Krisper, 1990). However, they are known to use several other dispersal methods. Small mammals and insects pick up and disperse the mites passively (Miko and Stanko, 1991; Norton, 1980), and birds are also an important disperser for oribatid mites. Birds carry oribatid mites directly on their bodies, or transport them indirectly by including mite-infested litter in their nest materials (Aoki, 1966; Jacot, 1930). In addition, seawater and freshwater are likely to play critical roles in the dispersal of oribatid mites in both littoral and terrestrial environments (Coulson et al., 2002; Woodring
Effects of storage on brown rice (Oryza sativa L.) metabolites, analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Abstract Metabolomic studies were carried out using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) on Daohuaxiang variety rice (Oryza sativa L.) from the Wuchang Geographical Indication Rice Protection Area in Heilongjiang Province, to investigate the effects of storage on brown rice metabolism. The data were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA), and cluster analysis using software such as SIMCA. Analysis of the samples led to the identification of a total of 160 metabolites. No significant differences were found in the amount of metabolites before and after storage. A total of 31 differential metabolites were screened, and the changes in metabolite content showed a “reverse change” overall. Storage significantly changed the content of various metabolites in rice, with fatty acids impacted most significantly. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that fatty acid biosynthesis is a key metabolic pathway in rice storage. The degradation of brown rice quality caused by storage is closely related to the composition and content of its metabolites, and that change in lipid content significantly affects brown rice quality during storage.
Configurable three‐way model merging

Software development is a collaborative activity that requires teams of software engineers to cooperate and work in parallel on versions of models. However, model management techniques such as model differencing, merging, and versioning have turned out to be difficult challenges, due to the complexity of operations and graph‐like nature of models. Therefore, a well‐developed support for model merging process, as well as conflict management, is highly desired. This paper presents a novel process for model merging, called the Epsilon‐based Three‐way Merging Process (E3MP) process. Model merging is a significant problem where there are different versions of a system model amongst modeler teams. E3MP includes three components implemented into the Epsilon framework. First, modelers can define domain‐specific rules that customize the merging process. Second, E3MP enables an automated method for syntactic and semantic conflict detection amongst different versions of the system model. Third, E3MP puts forward a pattern‐based approach for conflict resolution. We applied two generic benchmarks to assess conflict detection and resolution capabilities of our approach and carried out an initial scalability evaluation for the model merge with large models and large change sets. The results of our experiments revealed that the proposed process allows generating consistent and semantically correct merged models.
Seismic Fragility Assessment of Non-ductile Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Australia

ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the seismic performance of typical reinforced concrete buildings constructed in Australia before the enforcement for seismic design. The response of both the primary lateral load resisting system and the gravity load resisting system is considered. A brief description of the modelling approaches adopted to simulate the response of the buildings’ components is provided. Nonlinear time history analyses are conducted and “cloud analysis” is used to develop the probabilistic seismic demand models. The results from the fragility assessment suggest that the low-rise buildings located on soft sites are the most vulnerable buildings.
Polarized Th2 cytokine expression by both mucosal γδ and αβ T cells

Currently only limited information is available as to why dominant IgA isotype responses are supported by mucosal T cells in effector tissues. To address this issue directly, γδ and αβ T cells were isolated from the submandibular gland (SMG) of mice as an example of mucosal effector tissues. Freshly isolated CD3+ T cells from this tissue contained relatively high numbers of activated cells [approximately 10% interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R)+ cells and 15% of cells in cycle stages S and G2 + M], of which 25% and 75% were γδ and αβ T cells, respectively. The cytokine‐specific quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunospot analyses revealed that, although both γδ and αβ T cells were capable of producing an array of Th1 or Th2 cytokines following stimulation via the T cell receptor‐CD3 complex, these mucosal T cells were mainly committed to IL‐5 and IL‐6 expression in vivo (Th2 type). Both freshly isolated γδ and αβ T cells expressed mRNA and contained IL‐5 and IL‐6 spot‐forming cells (SFC); however, only the latter exhibited high mRNA levels and SFC for a Th1 cytokine (interferon‐γ). Taken together, the results show that freshly isolated CD3+ T cells from SMG contain activated γδ and αβ T cells which are programmed to produce IL‐5 and IL‐6. Thus, SMG, an example of an IgA effector tissue, can be characterized as a Th2‐dominant site. However, although both γδ and αβ T cells express cytokine profiles consistent with a Th2 phenotype, only the latter subset with a CD4+CD8− phenotype provided effective help for mucosal B cell responses in vitro.
Bayesian genome-wide association analysis of growth and yearling ultrasound measures of carcass traits in Brangus heifers

Data from developing Brangus heifers (3/8 Brahman-Bos indicus × 5/8 Angus-Bos taurus; n ≈ 802 from 67 sires) registered with International Brangus Breeders Association were analyzed to detect QTL associated with growth traits and ultrasound measures of carcass traits. Genotypes were from BovineSNP50 (Infinium BeadChip, Illumina, San Diego, CA; 53,692 SNP). Phenotypes included BW collected at birth and ∼205 and 365 d of age, and yearling ultrasound assessment of LM area, percent intramuscular fat, and depth of rib fat. Simultaneous association of SNP windows with phenotype were undertaken with Bayes C analyses, using GenSel software. The SNP windows were ≈ 5 SNP in length. Analyses fitted a mixture model that treated SNP effects as random, with an assumed fraction pi = 0.999 having no effect on phenotype. Bootstrap analyses were used to obtain significance values for the SNP windows with the greatest contribution to observed variation. The SNP windows with P < 0.01 were considered as QTL associated with a trait in which case their location was queried from dbSNP and the presence of a previously reported QTL in that location was checked in CattleQTLdb. For 9 traits, QTL were mapped to 139 regions on 25 chromosomes. Forty-one of these QTL were already described in CattleQTLdb, so 98 are new additions. The SNP windows on chromosomes 1, 3, and 6 were associated with multiple traits (i.e., 205- and 365- d BW, and ADG from birth to 205 and 365 d of age). Several chromosomes harbored regions associated with multiple traits; however, the SNP that comprised the window often varied among traits (i.e., chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24, 28, and 29). Results from whole genome association of SNP with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in developing Brangus heifers confirmed several published QTL and detected several new QTL.
Identifying the Needs of Reticent Pre-Service English Teachers for Remediation Course Development.

The development of any intervention to remedy student reticence should be based on students’ real needs. This is to avoid the risk of making generalisation and hasty decision in designing course contents. This study investigated reticent pre-service English teachers’ needs with the view of developing a remedial course to alleviate reticent behaviour and to improve oral participation in English for Academic Purposes classrooms. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, this study employed a survey, a semi-structured interview and a focus group discussion to collect data from pre-service English teachers and English instructors in a Malaysian state university. The findings revealed that the pre-service English teachers’ reticent behaviour was caused by virtual of their negative beliefs towards oral participation, lack of discussion skills and fear of negative evaluation. Additionally, the findings also implied that training in oral participation skills alongside 102 | PASAA Vol. 59 January June 2020 relevant linguistic knowledge is needed for remediation of reticence as the reticent pre-service teachers encountered difficulties in asking questions, contributing ideas and providing connected utterances during open-class discussions. This study highlights the needs for further research in this domain in order to inform the development of intervention to remedy student reticence.
Phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant evaluation of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) fruits and leaves extracts

Considering the facts that phenolic compounds have many pharmacological effects, as well that antioxidant effect of phenolic compounds has been proven in various experimental systems, aim of this research was to determine the content of total phenols and flavonoids and evaluation of antioxidant activity in ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of fruits and leaves of the plant species Crataegus monogya Jacq. , which is known as common hawthorn. The content of total phenolic compounds was determined by the spectrophotometric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the content of flavonoids was determined using aluminum chloride. In vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activity of tested extracts was performed using the DPPH method. The amount of total phenolics was varied in fruits and leaves extracts and ranged from 38.05 ± 0.18 to 365.11 ± 0.32 mg GAE/g dw. Ethyl acetate extract of hawthorn leaves showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (365.11 ± 0.32 mg GAE/g dw). The flavonoid content was different in the fruits and leaves of hawthorn and ranged from 21.11 ± 0.11 to 122.98 ± 0.21 mg RU/g dw, whereby the highest content of flavonoids was found in ethyl acetate extract of leaves (122.98 ± 0.21 mg RU/g dw). Antioxidant activity of the tested extracts was expressed as IC50 values and ranged from 5.53 ± 0.08 to 293.51 ± 0.28 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate extract of hawthorn leaves showed considerable antioxidant potential (IC50 = 5.53 ± 0.08 μg/ml). Based on the obtained results, a significant correlation was found between the antioxidant activity and the content of total phenolics and flavonoids compounds in hawthorn fruits and leaves extracts.
Distributed control network for complex radio engineering systems on continuum computers

The article proposes a method for evaluating the radio engineering system functional characteristics based on the use of continuum processors that combine the logical and computational capabilities of state continuous parametric assessment of a functional system. The hardware implementation of the knowledge processing system is created on the basis of continuum processors. It is integrated into the means of functional control and maintenance a state of preparedness of complex electronic equipment.
Systematic revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian ‘bicolor’ group of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae)

The Australian wolf spider genus Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960 with the type species Hoggicosa errans (Hogg, 1905) is revised to include ten species: Hoggicosa alfi sp. nov.; Hoggicosa castanea (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov. (= Lycosa errans Hogg, 1905 syn. nov.; = Lycosa perinflata Pulleine, 1922 syn. nov.; = Lycosa skeeti Pulleine, 1922 syn. nov.); Hoggicosa bicolor (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa brennani sp. nov.; Hoggicosa duracki (McKay, 1975) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa forresti (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa natashae sp. nov.; Hoggicosa snelli (McKay, 1975) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa storri (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; and Hoggicosa wolodymyri sp. nov. The Namibian Hoggicosa exigua Roewer, 1960 is transferred to Hogna, Hogna exigua (Roewer, 1960)comb. nov. A phylogenetic analysis including nine Hoggicosa species, 11 lycosine species from Australia and four from overseas, with Arctosa cinerea Fabricius, 1777 as outgroup, supported the monophyly of Hoggicosa, with a larger distance between the epigynum anterior pockets compared to the width of the posterior transverse part. The analysis found that an unusual sexual dimorphism for wolf spiders (females more colourful than males), evident in four species of Hoggicosa, has evolved multiple times. Hoggicosa are burrowing lycosids, several constructing doors from sand or debris, and are predominantly found in semi-arid to arid regions of Australia. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 158, 83–123.
A study of Chinese consumers’ adoption behaviour toward virtual fitting rooms

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese consumers’ adoption behaviour toward VFRs by using the Technology Acceptance Model. Additionally, this study aimed to examine the influence of two relevant personality traits, fashion leadership and technology anxiety, on consumers’ VFRs adoption. Data were collected from 474 Chinese consumers via an online survey. Comparative analyses and regression analyses were conducted to test the proposed conceptual model regarding Chinese consumers’ adoption intention towards VFRs. It was surprising to learn that perceived usefulness, among the three perceptions suggested by TAM, had the relatively least influence on Chinese consumers’ adoption intention toward VFRs. Additionally, moderating effects of fashion leadership and technology anxiety were found on the relationship between consumers’ perceptions and adoption intention toward VFRs. The findings could provide implications to retailers and brands in their endeavours to motivate and encourage different consumers to use VFRs for online apparel shopping.
Psychosocial Implications of Large-Scale Implementations of Solar Power in Malaysia

The present study aimed to investigate the psychosocial impacts of large-scale solar (LSS) power projects. There were 225 participants (n = 109 women, n = 3 did not indicate gender) participated in our study by completing a series of questionnaires. We found that participants who lived farther from the LSS power project location and those who viewed the project as being impactful were optimistic about the benefits LSS power projects could bring. Our participants also demonstrated support for renewable energy development in Malaysia. These findings may provide important implications for the implementation and execution of LSS power projects and policies.
Regenerating Scholarly Ecologies: Thoughts on Seeing the Forest for the Trees

Abstract Qin and colleagues’ paper “Seeing the Forest for the Trees: A Bibliometric Analysis of Environmental and Resource Sociology” revives a thought-provoking conversation about relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies. In this commentary, I ask whether we might learn more by looking beyond the forest and trees to other ecosystems and organisms in our “scholarly ecology. ” We might benefit from thinking further about the many foci and connections in our polycentric field, in the interest of building institutional habitats for both those who concentrate in disciplinary cores and those who rove across academic ecotones.
Two New Species of the Genus Ergasilus Nordmann, 1932 (Copepoda, Ergasilidae) From Ceylon

Zwei neue Arten von Ergasilus Nordmann, 1832, E. ceylonensis sp. n. von den Kiemen von Puntius sarana (Hamilton-Buchanan) und P. dorsalis (Jerdon), und E. mendisi sp. n. von den Kiemen von Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch), alle in Ceylon gesammelt, werden beschrieben und abgebildet.
Zoological diversity associated to a silvopastural system leucaena-guinea grass with different establishment times

The aim of this work was to evaluate the associated zoological diversity of a silvopastural system leucaena-guinea grass, by characterizing the composition and structures of the birds, insects and the macrofauna of the soil, in four establishment times of the silvopastural systems (3, 4, 5 and 6 years of exploitation). For the species recorded in each zoological group, the following ecological indices were determined: number of individuals, richness, diversity and abundance of species, in each establishment times of the system. A significant increase, in all the zoological groups, was observed for the richness of species and for the index of biological diversity of Shannon, as the system developed. An increase in the abundance of bioregulator insects was observed, and for the birds, the sampling time showed no interaction with the different sowing years. The macrofauna of the soil increased during the management of the system, and a dominance of annelids (Polyferetrina elongata and Oligochaeta elegans) was noted during the 6th and 7th year of exploitation. The silvopastural system leucaena-guinea grass increases the biomass production and other biological components, and contributes to create a sustainable system which is compatible with the environment.
Chest CT Imaging Spectrum of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Pictorial Essay

: Various manifestations may appear in chest computed tomography (CT) scan of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this pictorial review, we present chest CT manifestations of 14 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 disease and various manifestations including ground-glass and consolidative opacities, reticular opacities, halo sign, and other findings.
I. Variation among populations

Abstract Three New Zealand selections of paspalum were compared as spaced plants with 13 unselected New Zealand populations and 16 overseas lines. Characters assessed were productivity, growth habit, heading date, number of inflorescences, anther colour, and disease incidence. The 3 selections had consistently greater productivity, were more erect, were later flowering, and had greater numbers of inflorescences than all other lines. Most overseas lines were more productive than the unselected New Zealand populations. Productivity within lines was uniform, although a few plants with either substantially less or greater productivity occurred. Most plants had purple anthers, but one line was yellow anthered and a few off-type plants with different anther colour occurred in some other lines. The relationships between productivity, plant habit, ploidy level, and anther colour are discussed.
Row Spacing Effects on Light Extinction Coefficients of Corn, Sorghum, Soybean, and Sunflower

In many crop models, light intercepted by a canopy (IPAR) is calculated from a Beer's Law equation : IPAR = PAR x [1 - exp(-k × LAI)], where k is the extinction coefficient, PAR the photosynthetically active radiation, and LAI the leaf area index. The first objective of this study was to investigate the effect of row spacing on k for corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ], and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to provide information for modeling. Data from literature and from an experiment conducted at Temple, TX, were evaluated. The second objective was to investigate effects of time of day and stage of crop development on k for different row spacings. Seeds of all four species were sown in rows 0.35, 0.66, or 1.00 m apart. Measurements of canopy light interception were taken near solar noon on two dates before anthesis. At anthesis, extinction coefficients were determined at 0845, 1015, and 1145 h (solar time). The extinction coefficient showed a linear decrease as row spacing increased. For each crop, the effect of row spacing on k was described by one linear regression for most data. Stage of crop development and stage of development × row spacing interaction did not significantly affect k during the period of measurements. The effect of time of day was significant for all four crops, and the time of day × row spacing interaction was significant for soybean and sunflower. Thus, modeling light interception for different row spacings should account for these effects.
Interferon-γ Induction of the Human Leukocyte Antigen-E Gene Is Mediated through Binding of a Complex Containing STAT1α to a Distinct Interferon-γ-responsive Element*

Expression of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes has been shown previously to increase at the transcriptional level following exposure to interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In this report we have examined the molecular mechanisms involved in the IFN-γ-induced transcription of the human MHC class I gene, HLA-E. Functional analysis of CAT reporter gene constructs under the control of the HLA-E promoter transfected into U937 cells revealed the presence of a distinct IFN-γ-responsive element, termed the interferon response region (IRR), that was necessary and sufficient to mediate the response to IFN-γ. This cis-acting regulatory sequence contains an imperfect inverted repeat; the 5′-half of the IRR resembles the IFN-γ activation site (GAS), and the 3′-half of the IRR resembles the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE). Gel mobility shift assays demonstrated that the IRR bound a single, specific, IFN-γ-induced complex (IRR-AC), which was formed rapidly following treatment with IFN-γ and was independent of protein synthesis. Competition experiments with GAS and ISRE sequences from other IFN-inducible genes showed that GAS sequences competed for the IRR-AC, whereas ISRE sequences did not compete. Mutational analysis demonstrated that point mutations in either the 5′-half or 3′-half of the IRR prevented binding of the complex and abrogated or markedly reduced the IFN-γ responsiveness of reporter gene constructs. Supershift analysis revealed that the IRR-AC contains a factor that was recognized by antibodies specific for the protein STAT1α (signal transducer and activator of transcription). Taken together, these findings suggest that the mechanism of IFN-γ-induced transcription of the HLA-E gene is distinct from that of other MHC class I genes.