Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Shock-Metamorphic Features of Feldspars from the Xiuyan Impact Crater

Feldspar is the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust and is widely distributed in rocks. It is also one of the most common minerals in meteorites. Shock-metamorphic features in feldspar are widely used to calibrate the temperature and pressure of shock events and can also provide clues for searching for impact craters on Earth. In this study, shocked alkali feldspars in the lithic breccia and suevite from Xiuyan Impact Crater were investigated using polarizing optical microscopes, Raman spectroscopy and electron microprobes to better constrain the shock history of this crater. For this study, feldspar grains occurring in gneiss clasts in the impact breccia and four shock stages were identified, e.g., weakly shocked feldspar, moderately shocked feldspar, strongly shocked feldspar, and whole rock melting. According to the shock classification system for alkali feldspar and felsic rocks, we estimated the shock pressure (SP) and post-shock temperature (PST) histories of these gneiss clasts. Weakly shocked feldspars display irregular fractures and undulatory extinction, and their shock stage is F-S2, which indicates that SP and PST are from ~5 to ~14 GPa and ~100 °C, respectively. Moderately shocked feldspars show planar deformation features and are partially transformed into diaplectic glass, which indicates that the F-S5 shock stage of SP and PST is from ~32 to ~45 GPa and 300–900 °C. Strongly shocked feldspars that occur as vesicular glass indicate a shock stage of F-S6, and the SP and PST are 45–60 GPa and 900–1500 °C, respectively. The whole felsic rock melting occurs as mixed melt glass clast and belongs to the F-S7 stage, and SP and PST are >60 GPa and >1500 °C, respectively.
Visual Rating Scales for Age-Related White Matter Changes (Leukoaraiosis)

Background and Purpose— It has been hypothesized that the use of different visual rating scales partly explains the discordant results of studies investigating risk factors and clinical correlates of age-related cerebral white matter changes (leukoaraiosis). We aimed to compare 6 widely used rating scales for leukoaraiosis and to calculate conversion coefficients of the score of 1 scale in the score of a second scale. Methods— Two trained raters evaluated 80 pairs of CT and MRI scans using 2 CT and 4 MRI rating scales for white matter changes. Correlations among the scales were evaluated and regression lines were constructed with each of the CT and MRI scale scores as variables. Results— A high correlation was observed in all the paired comparisons of the 6 scales (Spearman’s ρ ranging from 0.85 to 0.96, P<0.0001). Using regression analysis, we determined numeric parameters to transform the score of 1 scale to the corresponding score for each of the remaining scales and relative confidence intervals. The .
Evaluation of Activity of Some 2,5-Disubstituted Benzoxazole Derivatives against Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase and Tyrosinase: ADME Prediction, DFT and Comparative Molecular Docking Studies

Abstract In this study, p-tert-butyl at position 2 and acetamide bridged 4-substituted piperazine/piperidine at position 5 bearing benzoxazole derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against AChE, BChE and Tyrosinase, which are important targets in reducing the adverse effects of Alzheimer’s disease. The most active 1 g inhibited the BChE at a concentration of 50 µM by 54 ± 0.75%. Molecular docking studies of the compounds against BChE (PDB: 4BDS) were performed with Schrödinger and AutoDock Vina and the results were compared. Schrödinger docking scores were found to be more consistent. Estimated ADME profiles and bioactivity scores of the compounds were calculated and found to be compatible with Lipinski and other limiting rules. Geometric optimization parameters, MEP analysis and HUMO and LUMO quantum parameters of the most active 1 g were calculated by using DFT/B3LYP theory and 6-311 G (d,p) base set and results was viewed. Graphical Abstract
Variable Terahertz Attenuator Integrated on Nonradiative Guide Using Photoinduced Carriers

A terahertz variable attenuator integrated on a nonradiative guide controlled by externally induced photoconductivity is proposed. Our device is constructed using high-resistivity silicon as a dielectric channel of the waveguide sandwiched between parallel conducting plates. By irradiating an excitation light to the side surface of the channel, photoinduced carriers are generated involving attenuation for terahertz waves propagating through the channel. We experimentally demonstrate attenuation of 0.50 dB/cm/mW at 300 GHz. The use of the nonradiative guide simplifies the light irradiation scheme and contributes to integrate other functions such as bending, filtering, splitting, and combining without radiation losses. We also discuss its unique frequency dependence, in which the attenuation increases as the frequency decreases.
Experimental study of the effects of a vertical channel on the natural convection of a horizontal cylinder

In this study, the natural convective flow and heat transfer from a hot horizontal cylinder surrounded by two vertical plates with a negligible thickness was experimentally investigated. These plates act as a channel so that the natural convective flow of the hot cylinder passes through this channel. The flow field was visualized using PIV technique to investigate the effect of changing the width of the channel and the height of the water free surface on the flow behavior. In each case, by changing the mentioned geometric parameters, flow velocity at the top of the cylinder, temperature of the cylinder surface, volume flow rate of the channel, the structure and location of vortices, and flow pattern inside the channel were studied. The results show that the flow is appropriately formed around the cylinder and inside the channel at a ratio of water free surface height above the channel to the cylinder diameter equal to 2, and a ratio of the channel width to the cylinder diameter equal to 2. Also, the cylinder Nusselt number was increased for the channel with a width ratio of 2, relative to the case without channel around the cylinder.
Structural and Gene Characterization of a New Antifungal Peptide Obtained from Penicillium crustosum FP11 Strain

A novel antifungal peptide, PcAFP (6.48 kDa, pI 8.83), was obtained from the culture supernatant of the fungus Penicillium crustosum. The gene encoding the PcAFP peptide was isolated based on its homologue in Penicillium chrysogenum, PgAFP. PcAFP is a small, cystine-rich peptide, and the mature peptide consists of 58 amino acid residues. The immature P. crustosum antifungal protein (AFP) showed 95.65% identity to the antifungal protein of P. chrysogenum, while the mature peptide showed 98.28% identity with PgAFP. Molecular modeling of the tertiary structure of the mature peptide revealed details of the conserved structure of the AFPs, such as the β-barrel motif stabilized by three disulfide bonds and the l-core motif. Analysis of the extract by 16% tricine SDS-PAGE showed a 6.9 kDa peptide, which was close to the predicted molecular mass of the mature peptide of 6.48 kDa. Assays of antimicrobial activity, performed by broth microdilution using the crude extract obtained from the culture medium, showed activity against Candida albicans. These results demonstrate the conservation of the PcAPF gene and the high level of identity with the PgAFP antifungal protein of P. chrysogenum. Given these structural and biochemical characteristics, PcAFP could be a potential candidate for future investigations that may aid in the development of new antifungal compounds.
Predictive current control for voltage source inverters considering dead-time effect

This paper proposes a new concept of synthesized voltage vector to address dead-time effect issue for Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) technique. For a voltage source inverter (VSI), dead-time is inevitably inserted between the turn off and turn on instants of power devices to avoid short circuit phenomenon. The influence of dead-time leads to output voltage vector error of three-phase inverters. Furthermore, it will result in computing deviation in cost function, and will deteriorate the performance of the system if not properly dealt with. In this paper, the problem is clearly analyzed, and the solution to this issue is proposed by introducing a synthesized voltage vector. The proposed solution is verified by Hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) test in real time, and results validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Optimal Attenuation Threshold for Quantifying CT Pulmonary Vascular Volume Ratio

Objective To evaluate the effects of attenuation threshold on CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios in children and young adults with congenital heart disease, and to suggest an optimal attenuation threshold. Materials and Methods CT percentages of right pulmonary vascular volume were compared and correlated with percentages calculated from nuclear medicine right lung perfusion in 52 patients with congenital heart disease. The selected patients had undergone electrocardiography-synchronized cardiothoracic CT and lung perfusion scintigraphy within a 1-year interval, but not interim surgical or transcatheter intervention. The percentages of CT right pulmonary vascular volumes were calculated with fixed (80–600 Hounsfield units [HU]) and adaptive thresholds (average pulmonary artery enhancement [PAavg] divided by 2.50, 2.00, 1.75, 1.63, 1.50, and 1.25). The optimal threshold exhibited the smallest mean difference, the lowest p-value in statistically significant paired comparisons, and the highest Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The PAavg value was 529.5 ± 164.8 HU (range, 250.1–956.6 HU). Results showed that fixed thresholds in the range of 320–400 HU, and adaptive thresholds of PAavg/1.75–1.50 were optimal for quantifying CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios. The optimal thresholds demonstrated a small mean difference of ≤ 5%, no significant difference (> 0.2 for fixed thresholds, and > 0.5 for adaptive thresholds), and a high correlation coefficient (0.93 for fixed thresholds, and 0.91 for adaptive thresholds). Conclusion The optimal fixed and adaptive thresholds for quantifying CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios appeared equally useful. However, when considering a wide range of PAavg, application of optimal adaptive thresholds may be more suitable than fixed thresholds in actual clinical practice.
Micropropagation and Effect of Phloroglucinol on Rooting of Diospyros crassiflora Hiern

The jet-black to streaked ebony wood produced by the African ebony (Diospyros crassiflora Hiern, Ebenaceae) is exploited in Central and West Africa. A conservation effort is currently underway in Cameroon to propagate the tree through seedlings and cuttings. However, the intermittent availability of its seeds and the long time required for rooting formation of cuttings are limiting its propagation. This study aims to develop a successful protocol for ebony micropropagation. In vitro culture of nodal segments from seedlings was performed in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with either zeatin (0.0, 2.3, 4.6, 9.1, 13.7, 18.2, 22.8, and 27.4 µm) or 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0, 2.2, 4.4, 8.8, 13.3, 17.8, 22.2, and 26.6 µm). After 12 weeks, all media allowed shoot budbreak. Shoots displaying the greatest budbreak were observed with 22.8 µm zeatin and 22.2 µm BAP. The shoots were then transferred to a medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and phloroglucinol (PG) at different concentrations for root induction. Root induction was observed on the shoots initially induced in the medium with BAP, but not in those grown in the medium with zeatin. In half-strength MS supplemented with 396.5 µm PG plus 14.2 µm IBA, the formation of a single tap root was observed on 79% of shoots, with an average root length of 2.8 ± 0.18 cm. Rooted plants were successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse, with a 50% survival rate. This is the first report on Diospyros crassiflora micropropagation, which paves the way for rapid ebony multiplication to respond to needed conservation efforts.
Study of Dopamine Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Growth and Egg Production Traits in West Azerbaijan Native Chicken

The objective of this study was to search for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-type polymorphisms in the dopamine D1 receptor in West Azerbaijani native chicken and look for their association with egg production and body weight traits of chickens by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). For this purpose 180 blood samples were taken from native chickens in a poultry breeding station in West Azerbaijan, Iran. DNA was extracted from blood samples using the salting-out procedure. Specific primers were designed for PCR amplification of the 283 base segment of the dopamine D1 receptor gene. In order to demonstration of gene polymorphism, Single-stranded conformation polymorphism followed by sequencing was performed. Four samples from each banding pattern were sent for sequencing. The polymorphism was found in the D1 receptor gene (G123A). We detected three genotypes in DRD1 gene. The frequencies of three genotypes were 0.42 (AA), 0.49 (AG), and 0.09 (GG), respectively. The analysis of variance was performed using of SAS software. The Result shows that there was a significant relationship between genotypes of dopamine D1 receptor gene with egg production traits. This finding indicates that the dopamine D1 receptor gene was polymorphic and could be a candidate locus or linked to a major gene that influences reproductive traits in chickens.
Leaves of trees and shrubs as bioindicators of air pollution by particulate matter in Saint Petersburg

Accumulation of chemical elements by leaves of trees and shrubs in urban (Central District of St. Petersburg) and background habitats were studied. To determine proportion of pollutants accumulating on the surface of leaves, chemical content of washed and unwashed leaves were analyzed. The results of the study showed that big part (19-62%) of pollutants is deposited on the surface of leaves of urban lindens, and only 10% on the surface of leaves from background places. Average difference between quantity of particulate matter for them is 4 times. Tilia cordata and Ulmus laevis has the highest value of ash content between washing and washing leaves. The level of contamination (Kk) showed high values for Fe (8.83), Co (7.47), Cr (5.62), Pb (4.31), Zn (3.04) for unwashed leaves of urban lindens; for the washed leaves this index slightly increased only for Fe (3.12) and Pb (2.13). Accumulative ability depends on the structure of leaf blade of each species, and the ecological situation of the habitat. Ulmus laevis, Tilia cordata, Populus sp. , and Rosa rugosa accumulate more pollutants, and can be recommended for protective green plantings. Tilia cordata, as the most common species in the city green spaces, can be used as an indicator of the level of atmospheric pollution.
Camp PowerUp: An Evaluation of an American Diabetes Association Program to Target Children at Risk for Developing Type-2 Diabetes

Purpose: Camp PowerUp, sponsored by the American Diabetes Association, is a week long day camp for youth, ages 10-14 years, at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Despite best efforts, San Antonio still faces a high rate of childhood obesity, especially in Hispanic/Latino populations. The purpose of this project is to implement and evaluate the efficacy of Camp PowerUp to decrease the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Methods: The program was evaluated using a mixed methods approach-qualitative and quantitative data through pre/post surveys given to the youth and their parents as well as quantitative data through TANITA Body composition scores of exact Body Mass Indexes (BMIs) of the campers pre-camp and three months after. Findings: The program was effective in teaching the parents/ youth healthy living and active lifestyle as shown in the significant changes in 6 out of 9 (66.7%) pre and post survey questions for the adults (p<0.05) and 6 out of 14 (42.8%) questions in the campers surveys (p<0.05). When reviewing the journals, activity, exercise, healthy eating, and being healthy were common themes found everyday as well as diabetes, sugar, soccer, and vegetables being sub themes. Conclusion: A SWOT analysis will also be done by the ADA-San Antonio planning board to address the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats from camp to prepare for 2018 as well as promote the start of camps in other cities with high prevalence of Type-2 diabetes.
The optimum seeding and harvesting dates of sorghum–sudangrass hybrid (
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 ) via optimum moving response surface methodology

In general, determining suitable seeding and harvesting times is important in achiev-ing high yields of forage crops in terms of both physiology and ecology. To determine the optimum point, the response surface methodology (RSM) is well known in agricultural science. This study aimed to establish optimum seeding and harvesting dates and to verify the variation of dry matter yield (DMY) for sorghum–sudangrass hybrid (SSH), by determining what we called the “optimum moving RSM” proposed to optimize the RSM in the metadata. The SSH metadata consist of individual experiments ( n = 856) that were performed to check the optimum seeding and harvesting dates using classic RSM. However, the SSH metadata failed to produce a single effective equation to determine the optimum seeding and harvesting dates due to the different characteristics of the experimental design. Therefore, the optimum moving RSM was introduced. As a result, we found that the optimum seeding and harvesting dates were clear, based on a single quadratic function. The maximum DMY at the optimum seeding and harvesting dates (the 4th of May and 23rd of September, respectively) was 25,404.50 and 23,697.01 kg/ha, respectively. SSH yield decreases rapidly from 10 days after the optimum date, and seeding and harvesting should be performed within 5 days to ensure a stable yield. Furthermore, the optimum moving RSM is expected to be useful to establish the optimum point in the metadata.
Optimal Duration for Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting.

BACKGROUND Coronary interventions using drug-eluting stents (DESs) of left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions have shown favorable clinical outcomes. However, duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after LMCA interventions has not yet been investigated.Methods and Results:From a multicenter Korean Multicenter Angioplasty Team (KOMATE) registry, 1,004 patients who received DES implantations for LMCA lesions and did not experience major adverse cardiovascular events (including major bleeding) for 1 year after coronary intervention were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups; DAPT ≤12 (n=503) and >12 months (n=501). The primary endpoint was number of net clinical adverse events (NACEs), composite of cardiac deaths, myocardial infarctions, stent thrombosis and major bleeding events. During a 4.5-year follow-up period after LMCA interventions, the DAPT >12 months group showed a lower NACE rate than the DAPT ≤12 months group (adjusted-HR 0.53 [0.29-0.99], P=0.045). For patients who maintained DAPT >12 months, rate of cardiac deaths, myocardial infarctions, and stent thrombosis events were lower than in patients who had DAPT ≤12 months (adjusted-HR 0.35 [0.17-0.73], P=0.005) without increased major bleeding (P=0.402). CONCLUSIONS For patients who can continue DAPT without major bleeding events, prolonged DAPT (>12 months) after LMCA stenting demonstrated better long-term efficacy outcomes than DAPT ≤12 months with comparable safety.
A Novel Deep Learning Based Number Plate Detect Algorithm under Dark Lighting Conditions

Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) is a meaningful and significant composition of intelligent traffic system, it is frequently used to record license plate automatically. Recently, most approaches to solve ANPR problems focused on improving the accuracy and efficiency in a typical way, they mainly consist localization, segmentation and recognition. However, these processes, especially the localization part, are deeply vulnerable to factors such as lighting conditions, orientation, rotation angle, etc. In this paper, distinct from many other methods, a model consisting computer visual processing and neural network recognition is introduced. It mainly contains color space detection and convolution neural network (CNN). After evaluation, this system is robust enough to process the detection under dark lighting conditions and achieve 98.3% accuracy based on 4500 number plate testing images, which is a relatively good result under dark conditions.
Bereavement support after the death of a child with cancer: implications for practice

Abstract The effects of bereavement are unique and support must be individually tailored. The role of the general practitioner (GP) in paediatric cancer palliative care is wide-ranging and challenging, yet little is known about offered bereavement support in this context. We carried out an in-depth secondary analysis of text relating to bereavement support from a semi-structured interview study exploring GPs’ and parents’ experiences. Findings highlight the importance of early GP-initiated face-to-face contact with parents, exploring opportunities for innovative practice and maintaining close collaboration with hospital-based teams. A co-ordinated, equitable and sustainable approach to bereavement support may help address identified GP knowledge deficits and time-pressures.
Effect of Subsurface Microseisms on the Motion of Dispersed Droplets in Pores

Human‐induced seismicity has drawn substantial attention in recent years. The effect of seismicity on subsurface structures has been studied extensively. However, the effect of seismicity, especially microseismicity, on surrounding immiscible fluids is rarely investigated. In porous media with two or more immiscible fluids, different amplitudes of vibration induced by seismicity have distinct effects on the dynamic behavior of the fluids. Three types of pore‐scale models are prevalent for analyzing the motion of immiscible droplets. The underlying assumptions and accuracy of these models are compared in this study in both the frequency and time domains. The frequency domain analysis shows that resonance can be addressed in all three of the models; the frequency response curves, however, present significant differences, which are attributed to the missing physics considered in some models. Time domain analysis is performed in both small‐amplitude and large‐amplitude oscillation. The nonlinearity in large‐amplitude oscillation is attributed to the constricted geometry of the capillary tube. Although the term “large‐amplitude” is used in this study, the corresponding amplitude is still within the amplitude range of microseisms. The momentum balance model is identified as the most accurate oscillatory model so far in comparison with computational fluid dynamics simulations. In addition, the potential approach to incorporate this pore‐scale model in seismic wave attenuation analysis is found to be possible. The frequency correction function and structural factor are calculated to embed the momentum balance model into Biot's poroelastic model. The resonance of the dispersed phase can also be addressed theoretically in porous media of random packed spheres.