Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZING LİVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH INCREASED FEED PRODUCTION IN WEST MANGGARAI

The Aims of this activity to optimize livestock productivity through the independence and adequacy of animal feed, enhancing the beauty of the area through the use of livestock waste which has a significant impact on increasing livestock farmers' income in Nggorang Desa, Komodo District, West Manggarai, NTT. An initial survey to determine the location of the training venue was conducted in October 2018 in Nggorang Village, Komodo District, West Manggarai. Activities to introduce grazing land will be carried out on August 22-25, 2019 which is located in the Meeting Hall of the Village office in Nggorang. Participants in the extension activity were attended by 20 people from the cattle group of Nggorang Village, Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency. The approach method offered in the form of education and training is accompanied by the creation of a pilot model and assistance as well as evaluation monitoring. Training activities about Bokashi feed and waste processing technology and the application of integrated grazing land significantly increase farmers' understanding and skills in processing feed and livestock waste available in the environment, as well as supporting the independence of breeders in order to be able to optimize farm productivity through the utilization of integrated grazing land.
A Thin-Film Piezoelectric-on-Silicon MEMS Oscillator for Mass Sensing Applications

In this study, a Thin-film Piezoelectric-on-Silicon (TPoS) MEMS oscillator is successfully demonstrated that uses lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin-film piezoelectric layer deposited on a single-crystal silicon substrate to realize a length-extensional mode resonator, having a resonant frequency of 5.12 MHz and a quality factor ( ${Q}$ ) of 311. For closed-loop implementation, a commercial Lock-in amplifier with a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) facility was used to fulfill the Barkhausen criteria for oscillation. The mass resolution and sensitivity of the proposed mass sensor are 0.54 pg and 4.96 Hz/pg, respectively. Finally, a board-level sustaining circuit, which includes a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and an attenuator is integrated with the TPoS MEMS resonator for oscillation to achieve a portable sensor. Phase noise of −104.11 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset was recorded under ambient pressure and room temperature for a carrier frequency of 5.12 MHz. The mass resolution for the board-level mass sensor implemented in this work is 0.15 pg.
The role of forgiveness as a coping response to intimate partner stress

ABSTRACT This study explores the interrelationship between forgiveness and general, spiritual, and interpersonal coping within the context of intimate partner stress. A total of 116 adults responded to an online survey on measures of forgiveness, general, spiritual and interpersonal coping, and well-being. Individuals who engage in forgiveness are more likely to take the perspective of their partner, positively reframe their stress, and turn to spiritual coping for support. Forgiveness is related to self-esteem, hope, positive affect, couple adjustment, and lower negative affect. Forgiveness mediates the relationship between coping and well-being and so may function as a protective mechanism within the context of couple stress.
Quantitative Estimation of Differentiated Mental Fatigue between Self-Rising Transfer and Multiple Welfare Robots-Assisted Rising Transfer

The multi-robot system (MRS) and relevant control strategy are a potential and effective approach to assist people with weak motion capability for various forms of assisted living. However, the rising transfer, a frequent and strenuous behavior, and its human-robot interaction (HRI) process with MRS, especially mental state, has never been researched, although it directly determines the user experience and security. In this paper, Functional Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a brain imaging technique to perform a continuous measure of the mental state, is introduced to monitor the user’s mental fatigue when implementing a behavior transfer in two difficulty levels assisted by multiple welfare-robots. Twenty-five subjects performed self-rising transfer and multiple welfare robots-assisted rising transfer. After removing physiological noises, six features of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbO and HbR, respectively) features, which included the mean, slope, variance, peak, skewness, and kurtosis, were calculated. To maximize the distinction of fNIRS between self-rising transfer and assisted-rising transfer (multiple welfare robots assisted rising transfer), the optimal statistical feature combination for linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classification was proposed. In addition, the classification accuracy is regarded as a standard to quantify the difference of mental states between two contrasting behaviors. By fitting the index, we established the mental fatigue model that grows exponentially as the workload increases. Finally, the mental fatigue model is applied to guide the nursing mode of caregivers and the control strategy of the MRS. Our findings disclose that the combinations containing mean and peak values significantly yielded higher classification accuracies for both HbO and HbR than the entire other combinations did, across all the subjects. They effectively quantify mental fatigue to provide an evaluation with a theoretical foundation for enhancing the user experience and optimizing the control strategy of MRS.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF SCLEROTINIA SPECIES FROM EUROPEAN RED CLOVER CROPS

SUMMARY Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikks. is an ascomycete fungus that causes rot in red clover crops, a disease difficult to control as no completely resistant red clover varieties are available. Breeding programs aimed at improving the resistance of red clover varieties are hindered by insufficient knowledge about the genetic diversity of S. trifoliorum in Europe. Therefore, the genetic diversity among 192 Sclerotinia isolates from red clover crops from 12 European countries was investigated using mycelial compatibility grouping and AFLP analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two Sclerotinia species are present on red clover: S. trifoliorum in most locations and S. sclerotiorum in 2 out of 25 locations. Species identification was confirmed using a test based on the β-tubulin gene we constructed. No subpopulations within the S. trifoliorum species were found, nor correlation between genetic and geographical distance. Most of the total variation (79.2%) was detected within S. trifoliorum populations, whereas a lower variation (20.8%) occurred among populations. The average F ST value was 0.208, indicating that S. trifoliorum isolates from red clover should be regarded as one population close to panmixis with a very low degree of population differentiation. Future research would be useful to compare the aggressiveness of S. trifoliorum and S. sclerotiorum on red clover plants and to determine the correlation between the isolates’ aggressiveness and their genetic diversity.
An atlas of the basal ganglia, brain stem and spinal cord : based on myelin-stained material

no início, de um corte medial do cerebro, onde se acham desenhadas as várias alturas dos cortes transversos. A terceira serie de fotografias consta de 37 cortes orientados segundo o eixo longitudinal do hemisferio e se inicia como a precedente, de um corte medial do cerebro com as alturas dos cortes seriados. A quarta parte compõe-se de 21 fotografias de cortes horizontais a esse mesmo eixo, iniciada também com a mesma indicação da altura dos cortes. A quinta serie é orientada de acordo com o eixo longitudinal do neuro-eixo e se compõe de 40 pranchas. Por último, a sexta serie é composta de 39 fotografias de cortes sagitais orientados de acordo com o eixo longitudinal do cerebro e iniciada com um desenho mostrando a orientação e situação dos cortes.
Effect of Credit on Cassava Productivity in Kintampo South District Using Cobb-Douglas Production Function Model

The study estimated the effect of credit on cassava productivity in Kintampo South District using Cobb-Douglas Production function model. Primary data was collected from 60 small- scaled cassava farmers while secondary data was gathered from literature. Snowball sampling technique was used to obtain the sample size of 60 small-scaled cassava farmers. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Cobb-Douglas Production function model. Results from the study showed that majority of the farmers accessed credit from VSLA groups. The study found that, credit has significant effect on cassava output level with an elasticity of 1.83 implying that a percentage increase in credit supply will lead to 1.83 % increase in cassava output. The study concludes that, the output of cassava could be increased considerably by obtaining credit. The study recommends the Ministry of Agriculture to use VSLA groups as vehicle of administering loans/credit to small-scaled farmers to increase productivity of farmers. Secondly, small-scaled farmers in Kintampo South District should be part of VSLA and other co-operate groups to acquire credit which will enable them purchase necessary input required for cassava farming activities.
The Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Secondary School Students in Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal bacterium of the human body and a potential pathogen, causing public health hazards. Due to various virulent factors and growing antibiotic resistance, bacteria could cause various infections, ranging from minor skin infections to life-threating sepsis. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence rate of S. aureus and determine its antimicrobial sensitivity profile in the secondary school students in Duhok City, Iraq. Methods: Samples were collected from the anterior nares of 492 volunteers aged more than 16 years in different cities, including Akre, Amedye, Bardarash, and Duhok. Conventional laboratory tests were performed for the identification of the bacterial isolates. In addition, the antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: Out of 492 subjects, 185 cases (37.6%) were carriers of S. aureus, including 57/185 (30.8%) males. The oxacillin resistance rate was estimated at 41.08%, while the resistance rate against tetracycline, fusidic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, vancomycin, clindamycin and rifampicin was 27.02%, 19.46%, 9.19%, 8.65%, 7.56%, 3.78%, and 1.08%, respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin. Conclusions: According to the results, the prevalence rate of S. aureus was high, and the species were more common in females. Therefore, further investigations are required to monitor the S. aureus antimicrobial profile and implement proper plans to manage the associated issues.
Effect of saline irrigation water on yield and yield attributing characters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) varieties

Salinity is one of the most important factor limiting fruit growth and production of several horticultural crops. A pot experiment was undertaken during Rabi 2017-18 at Department of Agricultural Chemistry & Soil Science, JAU, Junagadh in order to investigate the effect of different levels of saline irrigation water on yield and yield attributing characters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) varieties. The experiment consists of four salinity levels viz., < 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1 with four different varieties viz.,V1: GT-6, V2: JT-3, V3: AT-3 and V4: DVRT-2 of tomato. Results reported that saline water treatments significantly reduced the vegetative growth parameters and hence total yield of tomato. The yield and yield attributing characters were also significantly influenced by different tested varieties of tomato and recorded highest yield with V1 (GT-6) variety.
Imaging photothermal-induced expansion of bone during laser osteotomy by phase-sensitive OCT: preliminary results

Lasers have introduced many advantages to the medical field of osteotomy (bone cutting), however, they are not without drawbacks. The thermal side effects of laser osteotomy, in particular, affect a patient’s healing process. Employing an irrigation system during surgery is a standard solution for reducing thermal damage to the surrounding tissue, but, due to the high absorption peak of water at the wavelength of Er:YAG laser (2.96 μm), accumulated water acts as a blocking layer and reduces the ablation efficiency. Therefore, irrigation systems would benefit from a high-speed and accurate feedback system to monitor the temperature changes in the tissue of interest. Phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PhS-OCT) is a highly sensitive method for measuring internal displacement (photothermal-induced expansion) during laser surgery. In this study, we utilized the integrated swept source PhS-OCT system (operating at a central wavelength of 1314 nm and with an imaging-speed of 104,000 A-scans/s) with an Er:YAG laser to detect localized phase changes induced by laser ablation irradiation and thereby quantify the photothermal-induced expansion of bone. The PhS-OCT system was calibrated by measuring the phase changes corresponding to the displacement of cover glass attached to a piezoelectric actuator (PA4HEW, Thorlabs) at different operating voltages. Furthermore, we explored how the induced photothermal expansion of bone changes when irradiated by different pulse energies. Using a PhS-OCT system to spatially and temporally resolve measurements of axial displacement of bone during laser surgery can play an important role in determining the corresponding temperature map, which can, in turn, offer feedback to the irrigation system in smart laser osteotomy.
An Extensive Review of Multilevel Inverters Based on Their Multifaceted Structural Configuration, Triggering Methods and Applications

Power electronic converters are used to transform one form of energy to another. They are classified into four types depending upon the nature of the input and output voltages. The inverter is one among those types; it converts direct electrical current into alternating electrical current at desired frequency. Conventional types of inverters are capable of producing voltage at the output terminal that can only switch between two levels. The range of output voltage generated at the output is low when they are used for high power applications. To improve the voltage profile and efficiency of the overall system, multilevel inverters (MLIs) are introduced. In multilevel inverters the voltage at the output terminal is generated from several DC voltage levels fed at its input. The generated output is more appropriate to a sine wave and the dv/dt rating is also less leading to the reduction in EMI. Though they possess many advantages compared to the conventional inverters, the structural complexity and triggering techniques involved in designing multilevel inverters are high. Many studies are being carried out in defining new topologies of MLI with reduced switch as well as with the implementation of different PWM techniques. This paper will provide an extensive review on variety of MLI configurations based on the parameters such as the number of switches, switching techniques, symmetric, asymmetric, hybrid topologies, configurations based on applications, THD and power quality.
Sternomental Distance Ratio as a Predictor of Difficult Laryngoscopy: A Prospective, Double-Blind Pilot Study

Background: No single test has shown to be an accurate predictor of difficult laryngoscopy. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the ratio of the sternomental distance (SMD) in neutral and full neck extension position SMD ratio (SMDR) as a predictor of difficult laryngoscopy and any need of assisted intubation. Settings and Design: Prospective, double-blind pilot study. Materials and Methods: This study included 221 consecutive adult patients scheduled to undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia. Physical and airway characteristics, SMDR, difficult laryngoscopy (using Cormack/Lehane [C/L] scale), and any kind of assisted intubation were assessed. Statistical Analysis: The optimal cutoff point for SMDR was identified using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The association between SMDR and the intubation method was evaluated through multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: A SMDR below 1.55 led in 33% of the cases to assisted intubation and 33%–53% of C/L III–IV glottic views for McCoy and Macintosh blades, respectively. On the other hand, SMDR above 1.9 led to no C/L IV glottic views for both blades and 4% and 11% C/L III views glottic views for McCoy and Macintosh, respectively. The best sensitivity and specificity cutoff point as defined by the ROC curve was identified for an SMDR value of 1.7 (area[s] under the curve: 0.815; 95% confidence interval: 0.743–0.887). Assisted intubation rates were significantly higher in patients with an SMDR inferior to 1.7 (30.5% compared to 3.5%,P < 0.001). Conclusions: SMDR is a simple, objective, and easy to perform test. The present study indicates that SMDR may be helpful in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and assisted intubation.
Study of Ferrate(VI) oxidation for COD removal from wastewater

Produced water (PW) is the abundant by-product of oil and gas industries. It contains several organic pollutants and needs proper treatment before its discharge. This study investigated the effectiveness of Ferrate (VI) (Fe6+) oxidation for remediation of the organic compounds produced water. A series of batch experiments were performed by ferrate oxidation method. A glass beaker of 1000 ml as reactor covered with aluminum foil was used to protect from sunlight. Produced water sample of 300 ml and a pre-decided amount of Fe6+ was added to initiate the oxidation process. All experiments were performed at constant magnetic stirrer speed of 200 rpm at room temperature. The Fe6+ dosage of 1-25 mg/l, pH 1-7, and contact time 5-90 minutes were used to determine the effectiveness of Fe6+ for organic compounds degradation. The COD removal was increased with the increase in Fe6+ dosage and contact time. The maximum COD removal was achieved with Fe6+ dosage up to 15 mg/l; further any increase in Fe6+ dosage decreased the COD removal. The same trend was observed for pH, COD removal was increased until pH 5 beyond that COD removal was decreased. Maximum 55% of COD removal was attained under optimum conditions such as pH, Fe6+ dosage, and contact time were 5, 15mg/l and 50mins respectively. The results indicate that Ferrate (VI) oxidation is a promising method for the degradation of organic compounds in produced water.
Strategic Cost shifting in the Swedish District Heating and Electricity Markets

Firms that operate combined heat and power (CHP) plants in Sweden face strong incentives to let their district heating (DH) customers subsidize the sales of electricity. This study investigates whether firms exploit the variation in competitive intensity across the two markets and 1) shift costs from electricity to DH, and 2) pass on any cost increase to consumers. A major empirical challenge is that firms endogenously decide whether to operate a CHP plant or not. Two different matching procedures are used to circumvent this problem. The results show that 1) compared with a similar non-CHP firm, the average CHP firm reports a DH cost that is 20-25% higher, 2) the extra cost that CHP firms report is fully passed on to consumers and 3) with reported costs, the price-cost margin is 8% for both groups and with imputed costs the margin increases to 30-35% for the CHP firms. The results are consistent with the presence of strategic cost shifting, which can be tackled through either stricter accounting rules or DH price regulation.
Elasticities of Gold Demand—An Empirical Analysis Using Cointegration and Error Correction Model

This article examines the long-run and the short-run elastic relationships between price, income and gold demand. Four major gold consuming countries in the world, such as India, the USA, Europe and Japan, are included in the analysis. The study period is from January 2000 to December 2017. Using the Cointegration and Error Correction model, we found a long-run relationship between gold demand, price and income of the consumers. Price elasticity is negative and income elasticity is positive in the long run. The speed of error correction is slightly higher for India. Indian gold market takes a shorter time to get back to its equilibrium than the other major gold consuming countries. India’s overall gold consumption is relatively lesser reactive to the fluctuations in the world gold price than the other countries. Consumers in India react expeditiously in the short run and their response to the price changes is stable in the long run. More than 70 per cent of India’s gold consumption is unaffected by the price fluctuations. This behaviour eventually increases the wealth in the country. Hence the study suggests that instead of curbing the demand, new financial products may be developed to monetise the gold lying idle in the households. Various gold monetisation schemes already launched by the government should reach especially the rural section, as most of them may not be aware of these schemes. This may tend to bring a considerable amount of gold into the system. JEL: G14, Q02, Q21
Corn grains losses in the function of different speeds of the harvesting

The main objective of this work was to quantify and evaluate the occurrence of corn grain losses due to the different speeds of the harvesting machine in the second harvest, considering that, in the state of Mato Grosso, corn cultivation, mainly in the off-season, has been gaining space every year due to the increase in both the quality and the quantity of grains planted and harvested in the state. The frame was made in relation to the size of the platform with 0.37 m in length, the frame was superimposed on the straw to collect the grains lost by the harvester. The experiment was carried out at speeds of 3.5; 4,5; 5.0; 5.5 and 6 km.h-1 with rotation of 540 per minute in the cylinder and concave in the opening position No. 05 corresponding to 50 mm of standardized opening for all speeds, where it was possible to observe that there were no significant losses of corn kernels with the speed of the harvester 3.5 km.h-1. The variation between the losses is 30.2 kg per hectare of whole corn grains, between the speeds of harvest tested. It was concluded that the speed of the harvester of 3.5 km.h-1 has lower losses of corn kernels when compared to the other speeds experienced, noting that this loss was lower, acceptable for maize.
Teacher training for social responsibility: a new mentoring role in the training of community teachers

ABSTRACT Our study is focused on the field-experience of a unique ideological group. The prospective teachers are community activists who are dedicated to meeting the social needs of communities through education, mainly in the periphery and in weakened populations. Their vision is to become community teachers. We focused on a new mentoring role, which was created in order to meet the special needs of this group. The new mentors are members of the same movement as the prospective community teachers, share their ideology and dilemmas, and gain their trust. The findings show that this role is necessary and meaningful. We discuss different aspects of the role of the new mentors, including aspects of informal mentoring, and how it can be applied in other teacher-training models. Our findings may help in providing ideas for choosing mentors with special characteristics for special students.