Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prospective study to assess the safety and expulsion rate of copper T380A in immediate post-partum period during caesarean section

Background: Immediate post-partum IUCD insertion deserves great attention as it can provide immediate contraception and prevents repeated unintended pregnancies. Increasing number of women undergoing elective cesarean section due to repeat cesarean section need effective long term contraception to allow them recuperate from surgery and for reliable means of child spacing. The postpartum insertion of an IUCD provides a convenient opportunity for the woman to receive IUCD services. This is particularly important for women who have limited access to medical care. The objective of this study was to assess the safety in terms of perforation, pain, bleeding, foul smelling vaginal discharge and expulsion rates at 6 weeks follow up and reasons for removal/discontinuation willingness to continue when CuT380A is inserted immediately after C-section deliveries. Methods: The present study was conducted at Bebe Nanaki Mother and Child Care Hospital, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar, between period February 2014 to June 2015, on 200 cases undergoing caesarean section delivery willing for IUCD insertion and who fulfilled the medical eligibility criteria and had no contraindications for PPIUCD and patients were followed up at 6 weeks. Results: A total of 200 women underwent postpartum intracaesarean insertion of copper T 380A. And 16 women lost to follow up. Acceptance was more in the multigravida. The mean age of women included in the study was 25.65±2.42 years. Most common post-insertion complication observed in the immediate postoperative period was excessive bleeding. The common adverse events observed during follow-up of 6 weeks were menstrual complaints, excessive vaginal discharge and persistent pelvic pain. At the end 6 weeks, there were 6 expulsions, 4 removals, and gross cumulative expulsion, removal, failure and continuation rates of 3.2%, 2.2% and 5.4%, respectively. Conclusions: Inserting CuT380A after placental delivery during cesarean section is safe and effective, has high retention rate. The expulsion rate was not high, and can be further reduced with practice. The method may be particularly beneficial in our setting where women do not come for post natal contraception counseling and usage. The government needs to develop strategies to promote PPIUCD by increasing awareness, by arranging trainings among healthcare providers.
Strength of Restorative Materials

Introduction: The development of a variety of products in the market makes the selection of the materials a very complicated procedure. The oral cavity puts a plethora of forces and stress on the restorations which are very difficult to simulate in the laboratory environment and different restorative materials are supposed to be used in different clinical scenarios which in turn necessitates that the clinician has the basic knowledge of the mechanical properties of materials used to make the right choice of the material. Aim of the Work: This review article focuses on the knowledge of the basic mechanical properties of dental materials that are used in clinical practice. Methodology: The review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED from the year 1998 to 2019. Conclusion: The rising awareness and development of so many new materials in the market make the dentists nowadays have a lot of options to choose from as restorative material. It is highly important that the basic knowledge of the materials should be present which makes it easier for the dentist to come to a final decision of the choice of the material.
Phylogeny of the stink bug tribe Chlorocorini (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) based on DNA and morphological data: the evolution of key phenotypic traits

Pentatomidae is the third largest family of true bugs, comprising over 40 tribes. Few tribes have been studied in a phylogenetic context, and none of them have been examined using molecular data. Moreover, little is known about the evolution of key morphological characters widely used in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies at multiple levels. Here, we conduct a phylogenetic study of the tribe Chlorocorini (Pentatominae) combining 69 morphological characters and five DNA loci. We use the inferred phylogeny to reconstruct the evolution of key morphological characters such as the spined humeral angles of the pronotum, a dorsal projection on the apices of the femora and characters of male genitalia. We provide solid evidence that the tribe as currently recognized is not monophyletic based both on DNA and morphological data. The genera Arvelius Spinola and Eludocoris Thomas were consistently placed outside of the Chlorocorini, while the remaining genera were found to form a monophyletic group. We also show that nearly all morphological diagnostic characters for the tribe are homoplastic. The only exception is the development of the hypandrium, which, contrary to expectations for genital traits, showed the slowest evolutionary rates. In contrast, the most rapidly evolving trait is the length of the ostiolar ruga, which may be attributed to selection favoring anti-predatory behavior and other functions of its associated scent glands. Lastly, we also provide a preliminary glimpse of the main phylogenetic relationships within the Pentatomidae, which indicates that most of the included subfamilies and tribes are not monophyletic. Our results suggest that the current subfamily-level classification of Pentatomidae is not adequate to reflect its evolutionary history, and we urge for a more complete phylogeny of the family.
Competition, Climate, and Size Effects on Radial Growth in an Old-Growth Hemlock Forest

Research Highlights: We applied neighborhood and dendro-ecological methods in a stand with a 33-year record of forest dynamics, finding that growth will decrease for several species under predicted climate trends. Background and Objectives: Conventional tree-ring analysis removes the influence of competition and size on growth, precluding assessment of the relative influence of these factors. An old-growth eastern hemlock forest in east–central New York was mapped in 1978 and was measured at eight-year intervals since then. Our objective was to use these data to examine the influence of climate, neighborhood, and tree size on radial growth. Materials and Methods: We evaluated an array of climatic indices to find which ones had the strongest influence on radial growth from increment cores of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). We used the strongest climatic indices in combination with neighborhood and target-tree size information to create growth models for the three tree species. Results: Size accounted for 2% to 21% of observed growth; the shade-tolerant sugar maple and eastern hemlock grew fastest when large, but the mid-tolerant yellow birch grew fastest when small. Competition accounted for 9% to 21% of growth; conifers had a weaker competitive effect than deciduous trees, and eastern hemlock was less sensitive to competition than sugar maple and yellow birch. Climate accounted for only 2% of growth variation; eastern hemlock showed a positive response to warming climate trends, but yellow birch and sugar maple showed negative responses. Conclusions: Predicted climate trends are likely to result in decreased growth of sugar maple and yellow birch, and the sensitivity of these species to competition suggests the effect will be exacerbated when they grow in crowded conditions.
Swearwords in Subtitling: A Case Study on Students’ Translation Project

Despite their consideration as impolite remarks in communication, swearwords play an inseparable part from linguistics repertoire. As defined by Aijmer (2002:12), swearwords “[express] the speaker’s attitude towards the situation spoken about, his assumptions, his intentions, his emotions”. Carrying ‘negative’ label makes swearwords the centre of attention. Interestingly, movies that have turned into public entertainment sphere blooms the use of swearwords. The statement is supported by Azzaro (2005:1) who states that “television is often blamed for the circulation of once forbidden expression, and films in particular get the blame. ” To add fuel to the fire, Cressman et al (2009) has also noted a rising frequency of swearwords usages in Hollywood movies. With the increasing number of Hollywood movies in Indonesia, English swearwords phenomena cannot be neglected. However, deleting or even softening swearwords will put the artistic touch of cinematography at stake. In this context, translators, especially subtitle translators, play an important role in dealing with swearwords phenomenon. As to introduce translation students to this complex matter, the writer gave them a subtitling task of swearwords. Twenty students consisting of twelve males and eight females were involved in this project and ‘8 Miles’ movie was used as the translation task. Surprisingly, both male and female students did not try to soften or delete the use of swearwords. Most of the English swearwords were adopted into Indonesian swearwords.
A Bayesian Approach for Statistical–Physical Bulk Parameterization of Rain Microphysics. Part II: Idealized Markov Chain Monte Carlo Experiments

Observationally informed development of a new framework for bulk rain microphysics, the Bayesian Observationally Constrained Statistical–Physical Scheme (BOSS; described in Part I of this study), is demonstrated. This scheme’s development is motivated by large uncertainties in cloud and weather simulations associated with approximations and assumptions in existing microphysics schemes. Here, a proof-of-concept study is presented using a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm with BOSS to probabilistically estimate microphysical process rates and parameters directly from a set of synthetically generated rain observations. The framework utilized is an idealized steady-state one-dimensional column rainshaft model with specified column-top rain properties and a fixed thermodynamical profile. Different configurations of BOSS—flexibility being a key feature of this approach—are constrained via synthetic observations generated from a traditional three-moment bulk microphysics scheme. The ability to retrieve correct parameter values when the true parameter values are known is illustrated. For cases when there is no set of true parameter values, the accuracy of configurations of BOSS that have different levels of complexity is compared. It is found that addition of the sixth moment as a prognostic variable improves prediction of the third moment (proportional to bulk rain mass) and rain rate. In contrast, increasing process rate formulation complexity by adding more power terms has little benefit—a result that is explained using further-idealized experiments. BOSS rainshaft simulations are shown to well estimate the true process rates from constraint by bulk rain observations, with the additional benefit of rigorously quantified uncertainty of these estimates.
Temperature‐mediated changes in zooplankton body size: large scale temporal and spatial analysis

Climate warming has been linked with changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of species and the body size structure of ecological communities. Body size is a master trait underlying a host of physiological, ecological and evolutionary processes. However, the relative importance of environmental drivers and life history strategies on community body size structure across large spatial and temporal scales is poorly understood. We used detailed data of 83 copepod species, monitored over a 57‐year period across the North Atlantic, to test how sea surface temperature, thermal and day length seasonality relate to observed latitudinal‐size clines of the zooplankton community. The genus Calanus includes dominant taxa in the North Atlantic that overwinter at ocean depth. Thus we compared the copepod community size structure with and without Calanus species, to partition the influence of this life history strategy. The mean community body size of copepods was positively associated with latitude and negatively associated with temperature, suggesting that these communities follow Bergmann's rule. Including Calanus species strengthens these relationships due to their larger than average body sizes and high seasonal abundances, indicating that the latitudinal‐size cline may be adaptive. We suggest that seasonal food availability prevents high abundance of smaller‐sized copepods at higher latitudes, and that active vertical migration of dominant pelagic species can increase their survival rate over the resource‐poor seasons. These findings improve our understanding of the impacts that climate warming has on ecological communities, with potential consequences for trophic interactions and biogeochemical processes that are well known to be size dependent.
Generative Learning in VLSI Design for Manufacturability: Current Status and Future Directions

: With the continuous scaling of integrated circuit technologies, design for manufacturability (DFM) is becoming more critical, yet more challenging. Alongside, recent advances in machine learning have provided a new computing paradigm with promising applications in VLSI manufacturability. In particular, generative learning - regarded among the most interesting ideas in present-day machine learning - has demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of applications. This paper surveys recent results of using generative learning in VLSI manufacturing modeling and optimization. Specifically, we examine the unique features of generative learning that have been leveraged to improve DFM efficiency in an unprecedented way; hence, paving the way to a new data-driven DFM approach. The state-of-the-art methods are presented, and challenges/opportunities are discussed.
PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS EKONOMI TEKNIK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA SISTEM OFFGRID MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK HOMER DI KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI PULAU CEMARA

Pulau Cemara merupakan kawasan wisata yang belum teraliri energi listrik, hal ini dikarenakan letak Pulau Cemara yang jauh dari daratan sehingga PLN tidak dapat menjangkau tempat ini. Hal ini menjadi kendala bagi warga setempat, sehingga mengakibatkan tidak optimalnya aktivitas wisata pantai dan alam wilayah tersebut. P hotovoltaic (PV) merupakan komponen berbentuk sel-sel yang dapat mengubah energi matahari menjadi energi listrik melalui efek photovoltaic. Dengan menggunakan PV, dapat dibangun sebuah pembangkit listrik tenaga surya yang akan menjadi solusi permasalahan di Pulau Cemara. Namun , dibutuhkan analisis secara teknis dan ekonomi dalam pembangunannya. Dari hasil perhitungan perancangan PLTS, didapat jumlah kapasitas panel surya sebesar 8x150Wp, solar charge controller sebesar 40A, baterai 4x 100Ah, dan i nverter 2000Watt. D engan menggunakan Homer, dapat diketahui jumlah daya yang dihasilkan oleh panel surya sebesar 1746kWh/tahun . Dengan investasi awal sebesar $3745, pada skenario menggunakan bunga sebesar 6 %, didapat nilai NPC sebesar $6354 , nilai COE sebesar $1,06/kWh, dan BEP terjadi pada tahun ke-11. Sedangkan biaya yang perlu ditanggung oleh 11 pengelola Pulau Cemara adalah $3,76 per bulan. P ada skenario tanpa menggunakan bunga didapat nilai NPC sebesar $8848, nilai COE sebesar 0,755$/kWh dan BEP terjadi pada tahun ke-25. Sedangkan biaya yang perlu ditanggung oleh 11 pengelola adalah $2,68 per bulan.
On Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials in Pharmaceutical Development – A Review of China FDA Draft Guidance

On August 21, 2015, the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) circulated draft guidance on Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials in Pharmaceutical Development for public comments. The draft guidance is to assist the sponsor for providing accurate and reliable assessment of a test treatment under investigation in China. The draft guidance focuses on study designs, basic considerations for on-going trials, data management, and statistical principles for data analysis and reporting. In this article, we intend to comment on the draft guidance and provide constructive input and recommendations whenever possible.
Des modèles multiples pour l'étude des risques et catastrophes

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Des modèles multiples pour l’étude des risques et catastrophes Damienne Provitolo
Ion‐Scale Flux Rope Observed inside a Hot Flow Anomaly

We report an earthward moving ion‐scale flux rope embedded within the trailing edge of a hot flow anomaly (HFA) observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale satellite constellation on 17 December 2016 upstream of Earth's quasi‐parallel bow shock. The driver of the HFA, a tangential discontinuity, was observed by the Wind spacecraft without flux rope signatures around it in the solar wind. This suggests that the earthward moving flux rope was generated inside the HFA. This ion‐scale flux rope is not a force free structure and expands due to a strong magnetic pressure gradient force. Solar wind ions are decelerated inside the flux rope by the static electric field likely caused by the charge separation of solar wind particles. Our observations imply that magnetic reconnection may have occurred inside the HFA. Reconnection and flux ropes may play a role in particle acceleration/heating inside foreshock transients.
Frontopolar cortex is a mediator of network modularity in the primate brain

Primate frontopolar cortex (FPC), occupied by area 10, sits atop a functional hierarchy of prefrontal cortical regions yet little is known about its causal role influencing cognition and brain networks. We studied resting-state-functional-connectivity (rsfc) networks in rhesus monkeys with or without FPC; 86 cortical regions showed significant differences in inter-area rsfc measures in lesioned animals versus controls. K-means clustering showed these regions were organized into two distinct networks in lesioned animals, whereas the same areas clustered into four networks in control animals. These networks extended within and beyond prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that FPC is involved in mediating cortical networks in the primate brain, both within and beyond prefrontal cortex. Even after 40 months only partial recovery of lesion-induced reduced modularity had occurred. We therefore suggest that FPC might help implement long-standing diverse neural network dynamics.
Deep learning methods for super-resolution reconstruction of turbulent flows

Two deep learning (DL) models addressing the super-resolution (SR) reconstruction of turbulent flows from low-resolution coarse flow field data are developed. One is the static convolutional neural network (SCNN), and the other is the novel multiple temporal paths convolutional neural network (MTPC). The SCNN model takes instantaneous snapshots as an input, while the MTPC model takes a time series of velocity fields as an input, and it includes spatial and temporal information simultaneously. Three temporal paths are designed in the MTPC to fully capture features in different time ranges. A weight path is added to generate pixel-level weight maps of each temporal path. These models were first applied to forced isotropic turbulence. The corresponding high-resolution flow fields were reconstructed with high accuracy. The MTPC seems to be able to reproduce many important features as well, such as kinetic energy spectra and the joint probability density function of the second and third invariants of the velocity gradient tensor. As a further evaluation, the SR reconstruction of anisotropic channel flow with the DL models was performed. The SCNN and MTPC remarkably improve the spatial resolution in various wall regions and potentially grasp all the anisotropic turbulent properties. It is also shown that the MTPC supplements more under-resolved details than the SCNN. The success is attributed to the fact that the MTPC can extract extra temporal information from consecutive fluid fields. The present work may contribute to the development of the subgrid-scale model in computational fluid dynamics and enrich the application of SR technology in fluid mechanics.Two deep learning (DL) models addressing the super-resolution (SR) reconstruction of turbulent flows from low-resolution coarse flow field data are developed. One is the static convolutional neural network (SCNN), and the other is the novel multiple temporal paths convolutional neural network (MTPC). The SCNN model takes instantaneous snapshots as an input, while the MTPC model takes a time series of velocity fields as an input, and it includes spatial and temporal information simultaneously. Three temporal paths are designed in the MTPC to fully capture features in different time ranges. A weight path is added to generate pixel-level weight maps of each temporal path. These models were first applied to forced isotropic turbulence. The corresponding high-resolution flow fields were reconstructed with high accuracy. The MTPC seems to be able to reproduce many important features as well, such as kinetic energy spectra and the joint probability density function of the second and third invariants of the veloc.
THE ANALYSIS OF WEB SERVER SECURITY FOR MULTIPLE ATTACKS IN THE TIC TIMOR IP NETWORK

The current technology is changing rapidly, with the significant growth of the internet technology, cyber threats are becoming challenging for IT professionals in the companies and organisations to guard their system. Especially when all the hacking tools and instructions are freely available on the Internet for beginners to learn how to hack such as stealing data and information. Tic Timor IP is one of the organisations involved and engaged in the data center operation. It often gets attacks from the outside networks. A network traffic monitoring system is fundamental to detect any unknown activities happening within a network. Port scanning is one of the first methods commonly used to attack a network by utilizing several free applications such as Angry IP Scan, Nmap and Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC). On the other hand, the snort-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to detect such attacks that occur within the network perimeter including on the web server. Based on the research result, snort has the ability to detect various types of attack including port scanning attacks and multiple snort rules can be accurately set to protect the network from any unknown threats.
B cells engineered to express an anti-HIV antibody allow memory retention, class switch recombination and clonal selection in mice

HIV viremia can be controlled by chronic antiretroviral therapy. As a potentially single-shot alternative, B cells engineered by CRISPR/Cas9 to express anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) were shown capable of secreting high antibody titers. Here, we demonstrate that, upon immunization of mice, adoptively transferred engineered B cells home to germinal centers (GC) where they predominate over the endogenous response and differentiate into memory and plasma cells while undergoing class switch recombination (CSR). Immunization with a higher affinity antigen increases accumulation in GCs and CSR rates. Boost immunization increases rates of engineered B cells in GCs and antibody secretion, indicating memory retention. Finally, antibody sequences of engineered B cells in the spleen show patterns of clonal selection. B cells may thus be engineered as a living and evolving drug.