Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validating HeartSmart ® against the Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine

Purpose: To assess the utility of HeartSmart? , a new method that uses empirical physiological formulae to estimate hemodynamic variables, in estimating cardiac index during open heart surgery when compared with the cardiopulmonary bypass machine. Methods: This was a prospective, blinded study of patients undergoing elective cardiac bypass surgery. We monitored and compared the flow rates provided by the cardiopulmonary bypass machine (roller pump) with estimates derived from the empirical physiological formulae embedded in the HeartSmart? monitor in 32 patients. Cardiac index values were compared at the start of cardiopulmonary bypass, during re-warming, and at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: A total of 256 paired sets of measurements were suitable for comparison. The mean of the differences or bias (95% limits of agreement) was 0.09 l/min/m2 and the limits of agreement –0.86 to 1.05 l/min/m2. The mean difference of the sets of 256 measurements was 585.5 l/min/m for the pump and 575.0 l/min/m2 for the empirical physiological formulae—a difference of 5% l/min/m2. The range of flow rates for the pump was 1.2 to 2.85 l/min/m2; for the empirical physiological formulae, the range was 1.2 to 3.0 l/min/m2. Conclusion: The cardiac index estimates derived from the empirical physiological formulae in the HeartSmart? software are in good agreement with pump cardiac output rates. These results suggest that HeartSmart? measurements are sufficiently accurate for assessing hemodynamic variables in many groups of patients.
WP / 16 / 59 Stochastic Trends , Debt Sustainability and Fiscal Policy

We study empirically the reaction of fiscal policy to changes in the permanent and transitory components of GDP in a panel of countries. We find evidence that government spending tends to be counter-cyclical conditional on temporary shocks and pro-cyclical conditional on permanent shocks. We also find no evidence that developing countries are systematically different from developed ones in terms of fiscal policy. We present a theory featuring a fiscal reaction function to the output gap and a measure of debt sustainability. The fiscal impulse response to a permanent (temporary) shock to GDP is positive (negative) as the effect on debt sustainability (current output gap) dominates. The results are mostly sensitive to the relative weight of debt sustainability in the fiscal reaction function as well as to the extent of real rigidities in the economy. JEL Classification Numbers: E2, E3
Naturalized Chinook salmon in the northern Chilean Patagonia: Do they originate from salmon farming?

En los rios del sur de Chile se han registrado individuos desovantes de salmon Chinook (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha). Esta especie fue introducida a partir del 1900 hasta los 80� y se cultiva actualmente en el mar. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar la procedencia de los salmones Chinook asilvestrados en el rio Petrohue, mediante el uso de 3 loci microsatelites. Los resultados fueron comparados con muestras de individuos obtenidos desde cultivo. Los resultados mostraron mayor variabilidad genetica en los individuos asilvestrados que la obtenida en los individuos de cultivo y ademas se observo divergencia genetica entre ellos, lo que permite indicar que las poblaciones de salmones desovantes en el rio Petrohue actualmente no son explicadas por posibles escapes desde los grupos de salmones de cultivo, sino mas bien corresponderian a poblaciones generadas desde los grupos liberados con fines de repoblamiento antes del comienzo de su cultivo.
Sliding-mode Trajectory Tracking Control of Autonomous Surface Vessel

In this paper, The kinematics and dynamics model of autonomous surface vessels (ASV) is established for the trajectory tracking control of ASV. A trajectory tracking control law is proposed by the sliding mode variable structure control method. Through theoretic analysis, the control law can guarantee the asymptotic stability of the trajectory tracking of ASV. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.
Conformal tensors via Lovelock gravity

Constructs from conformal geometry are important in low dimensional gravity models, while in higher dimensions the higher curvature interactions of Lovelock gravity are similarly prominent. Considering conformal invariance in the context of Lovelock gravity leads to natural, higher curvature generalizations of the Weyl, Schouten, Cotton and Bach tensors, with properties that straightforwardly extend those of their familiar counterparts. As a first application, we introduce a new set of conformally invariant gravity theories in D = 4k dimensions, based on the squares of the higher curvature Weyl tensors.
Trends and Variability in Precipitable Water Vapor throughout North China from 1979 to 2015

This study analyzed the variability and trends in precipitable water vapor (PWV) in North China from 1979 to 2015. The spatial distribution of annual mean PWV was generally characterized by two high PWV centers in Eastern China and the Tarim Basin and two low PWV centers in Northern Tibet and Qinghai Province and in Inner Mongolia. The levels of seasonal mean PWV were highest in summer, followed by autumn and spring, and lowest in winter. The maximum monthly mean PWV occurred in July and August, while the minimum occurred in December to February. Increasing trends in PWV, with the trend magnitude ranging from 0.1 to 1.2 mm decade−1 over North China, were observed in the radiosonde, ERA-interim, and MERRA-2 PWV data from 1979 to 1999; but a slightly decreasing trend of −0.4 mm decade−1 from radiosonde was found in most regions of North China from 1979 to 2007. A monotonically increasing PWV trend was detected throughout North China between 1979 and 1999, with the maximum trend occurring in summer and the minimum occurring in winter. For the period of 1979–2007, a slightly but less marked decreasing trend was found at most stations in North China in all four seasons.
Survey of On-line Control Strategies of Human-Powered AugmentationExoskeleton Systems

On-line gait control in human-powered exoskeleton systems is still rich research field and represents a step towards fully autonomous, safe and intelligent indoor and outdoor navigation. It is still a big challenge to develop a control strategy which makes the exoskeleton supply an efficient tracking for pilot intended trajectories on-line. Considering the number of degrees of freedom the lower limb exoskeletons are simpler to design, compared to upper limb. The comparison between lower limb and upper limb is useless when consider the control issues, because of the differences in missions and applications. Based on the literature, we aim to give an overview about control strategies of some famous lower limb human power exoskeleton systems. In the state of the art, different control strategies and approaches for different types of lower limb exoskeletons will be compared consider the efficiency and economic issues. Exact estimation of needed joints torques to execute human intended motions on-line with efficient performance, low cost and reliable way is the main goal of studied system’s control strategies. We have study different control strategies used for wide known human power augmentation exoskeletons and compare between them in graphs and tables.
Evaluation of the Wound-healing Activity of Rice Cell Extracts in Vitro

Z-Hun Kim1†, Sun-Mi Kim1†, Jin Ho Park1, Chan-Mi Park1, Hong-Yeol Choi2, Hoomin Lee2, Jae Kweon Park3, Soonjo Kwon2, Dong-Il Kim2, Kyu-Ho Chang2, Yong-Soo Choi1*, and Sang-Min Lim2* 1Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea 2Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea 3Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
TheMagnetic / Electrical Phase Diagram of Cr-Doped Antiperovskite Compounds GaCFe 3 − xx Cr xx ( 0 ≤ xx ≤ 0 xx )

We report the effect of Cr doping on the structural, magnetic, and electrical transport properties in Cr-doped antiperovskite compounds GaCFe3−xxCrxx (0 ≤ xx ≤ 0xx). With increasing the Cr content x, the lattice constant increases while both the Curie temperature and the saturated magnetization decrease gradually. e electrical resistivity shows different behaviors as a function of x. For xx ≤ 0xx, there exists a semiconductor-like behavior below a certain temperature which decreases with increasing x. In contrast, for 0x7 ≤ xx ≤ 0xx, the resistivity shows ametallic behavior in the whole temperaturemeasured (2–350K). In particular, the Fermi-liquid behavior is obtained below 70K. Finally, based on themagnetic and electrical properties of GaCFe3−xxCrxx (0 ≤ xx ≤ 0xx) a magnetic/electrical phase diagram was plotted.
BRICK v0.2, a simple, accessible, and transparent model framework for climate and regional sea-level projections

Abstract. Simple models can play pivotal roles in the quantification and framing of uncertainties surrounding climate change and sea-level rise. They are computationally efficient, transparent, and easy to reproduce. These qualities also make simple models useful for the characterization of risk. Simple model codes are increasingly distributed as open source, as well as actively shared and guided. Alas, computer codes used in the geosciences can often be hard to access, run, modify (e.g., with regards to assumptions and model components), and review. Here, we describe the simple model framework BRICK (Building blocks for Relevant Ice and Climate Knowledge) v0.2 and its underlying design principles. The paper adds detail to an earlier published model setup and discusses the inclusion of a land water storage component. The framework largely builds on existing models and allows for projections of global mean temperature as well as regional sea levels and coastal flood risk. BRICK is written in R and Fortran. BRICK gives special attention to the model values of transparency, accessibility, and flexibility in order to mitigate the above-mentioned issues while maintaining a high degree of computational efficiency. We demonstrate the flexibility of this framework through simple model intercomparison experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BRICK is suitable for risk assessment applications by using a didactic example in local flood risk management.
Multi-Resolution Kronecker Compressive Sensing

From the perspective of reducing the sampling cost of color images at high resolution, block-based compressive sensing (CS) has attracted considerable attention as a promising alternative to conventional Nyquist/Shannon sampling. On the other hand, for storing/transmitting applications, CS requires a very efficient way of representing the measurement data in terms of data volume. This paper addresses this problem by developing a measurement-coding method with the proposed customized Huffman coding. In addition, by noting the difference in visual importance between the luma and chroma channels, this paper proposes measurement coding in YCbCr space rather than in conventional RGB color space for better rate allocation. Furthermore, as the proper use of the image property in pursuing smoothness improves the CS recovery, this paper proposes the integration of a low pass filter to the CS recovery of color images, which is the block-based -norm minimization. The proposed coding scheme l 20 shows considerable gain compared to conventional measurement coding.
Modeling and optimization of ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae: response surface methodology and artificial neural network.

In this study, the capabilities of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) for modeling and optimization of ethanol production from glucoseusing Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch fermentation process were investigated. Effect of three independent variables in a defined range of pH (4.2-5.8), temperature (20-40oC) and glucose concentration (20-60 g/l) on the cell growth and ethanol production was evaluated. Results showed that prediction accuracy of ANN was apparently similar to RSM. At optimum condition of temperature (32°C), pH (5.2) and glucose concentration (50 g/l) suggested by the statistical methods, the maximum cell dry weight and ethanol concentration obtained from RSM were 12.06 and 16.2 g/l whereas experimental values were 12.09 and 16.53 g/l, respectively. The present study showed that using ANN as fitness function, the maximum cell dry weight and ethanol concentration were 12.05 and 16.16 g/l, respectively. Also, the coefficients of determination for biomass and ethanol concentration obtained from RSM were 0.9965 and 0.9853 and from ANN were 0.9975 and 0.9936, respectively. The process parameters optimization was successfully conducted using RSM and ANN; however prediction by ANN was slightly more precise than RSM. Based on experimental data maximum yield of ethanol production of 0.5 g ethanol/g substrate (97 % of theoretical yield) was obtained.
Effect of Vitex agnus-castus on in vitro digestibility in ruminant

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of Fructus agni-casti (FAC) on in vitro gas production (GP), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and net energy lactation (NEL) using an in vitro gas-production method. Two rumen-fistulated sheep were used in the experiment. The sheep were fed 60% alfalfa hay and 40% concentrate feed twice daily. Five different levels of FAC were added to the concentrate (CON). The volume of gas produced was recorded at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after incubation. In this study, the GP-improving effect occurred at 2 h of incubation in FAC3 and FAC4 groups. Degradation of the water-soluble carbohydrates promoted the concentrate feed with FAC (3 and 4% level) additions. However, the GP-reducing effect occurred from 8 to 12 h of incubation in all the treatments. It was shown that, the concentrate feed with FAC addition reduced degradation of storage polymers such as starch. In addition, GP (at the 24 h), OMD and NEL were not affected by supplementation with FAC.
An Evidential Scheme for a Velodyne Ground Truth

This paper proposes an evidential occupancy grid mapping framework that is designed to manage these different sources of uncertainty. An evidential sensor model interprets the data acquired by the Velodyne and maps it to a 2D evidential map. The information from the sensor is processed based on the least commitment principle to guarantee information integrity. Experimental results prove that this approach can handle efficiently the uncertainties of the sensor and thus a highly reliable ground truth map all around the vehicle can be built.
SCREEN-PRINTED POTASSIUM ION SENSOR FABRICATED FROM PHOTOCURABLE AND SELF- PLASTICIZED ACRYLIC FILM

Potassium ion sensor based on photocured poly(n-butyl acrylate) membrane has been fabricated on screen printed electrode (SPE) through a photocuring technique. The advantage of the fabrication method allows miniatured but two-dimensional sensor that is disposable to be designed. The potassium ion sensor yielded a Nernstian response, i.e., 58.5 ± 0.5 mV/decade when the potassium ion concentrations were 10 -1 -10 -5 M. The limit of detection was close to (2.5 ± 0.57) × 10 -6 M. The potassium ion SPE also demonstrated little interference from cations such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Li + , and Na + and good reproducibility with relative standard error of 0.81% (n = 4). The sensors were applied to the analysis of potassium in urine and the results were compared with that of a conventional technique such as flame photometry.
Linking the Spare Parts Management with the Total Costs of Ownership: An Agenda for Future Research

Purpose: This manuscript explores the link between Spare Parts Management and Total Costs of Ownership or Life Cycle Costs (LCC). Design/methodology/approach: First, this work enumerates the different managerial decisions instances in spare parts management that are present during the life cycle of a physical asset. Second, we analyse how those decision instances could affect the TCO of a physical asset (from the economic point of view). Finally, we propose a conceptual framework for incorporating the spare parts management into a TCO model. Findings: The recent literature lacks discussions on the integration of spare parts management with the Total Costs of Ownership (TCO). Based in an extensive literature revision we can declare that the computation of costs related to spare parts management has been neglected by TCO models. Originality/value: The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a literature review and identification of a series of spare parts management decision instances and its relationship with TCOs is presented in this paper. Second, a conceptual framework is suggested for linking those decisions instances to a total cost of ownership perspective. Some research questions and future research challenges are presented at the end of this work.
Advanced XFEM Simulation of Pull-out and Debonding of Steel Bars and FRP-Reinforcements in Concrete Beams

An innovative three-dimensional model is applied to the pull-out of steel bars and the debonding of FRP plates from concrete specimens. The shearing and opening modes at the interface of debonding is fully captured. The model is based on an innovative variant of the regularized eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) developed by the authors. In this method, the displacement discontinuity at the debonding surface is regularized and an internal length parameter is introduced. Besides smoothing the debonding, the regularized XFEM is particularly suitable for modelling steel fiber reinforced beams.
Detection of β -Glucuronidase Activity within Actinomadura madurae Grains of Human Actinomycetoma

Actinomycetoma syndrome by Actinomadura (A.) madurae is characterized by a subcutaneous chronic lesion that affects fascia, muscle and bone. A. madurae produces colonies that form grains of less than 1 mm in diameter. Grains are surrounded and infiltrated by neutrophils involved in the grain disruption by enzymes like β-glucuronidase released after the neutrophil degranulation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the polysaccharide degradation of grains treated with β-glucuronidase and to detect the presence and activity of β-glucuronidase within the A. madurae grains. Actinomadura madura grains from patients infected were processed to quantify the total content of polysaccharide with the phenol-sulfuric acid reaction. Grains were treated with β-glucuronidase at different conditions to evaluate the optimal polysaccharide degradation. Grains were analyzed to detect the enzyme by using anti-human β-glucuronidase antibody while enzymatic activity was assessed by evaluating the release of reduced sugars and by in situ enzymatic activity. Optimal degradation of polysaccharide in the grains treated with β-glucuronidase was found with 300 units/ml of enzyme and 24 hr of incubation at 37°C. Presence and activity of β-glucuronidase enzyme within the grains were detected. Results suggested that β-glucuronidase present within A. madurae grain resulted from degranulated neutrophils surrounding and/or infiltrated within the grain.
Evaluation of Renal Venous Impedance, Pyelocalyectasis and Their Correlation during Pregnancy Using Doppler Ultrasound Examination: A Case Control Study

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate venous impedance, pyelocalyectasis and their correlation during pregnancy using Doppler ultrasound examination. Materials and methods: Doppler studies of bilateral kidneys were done in 41 singleton pregnant ladies of second and third trimester of pregnancy and 35 healthy volunteers. None of the ladies had prior history of renal diseases or renal surgery in the past and were clinically asymptomatic. Pelvicalyceal system dilatation of both kidneys was graded based on the separation of sinus echo at mid polar region. Doppler sonography of the interlobar veins of both kidneys was performed at mid polar region and venous impedance index was calculated. Correlation between venous impedance index and hydronephrosis was done using SPSS (11) software. Results: The venous waveforms in pregnant women showed diminished phasic oscillations. Venous impedance in case was 0.31±0.06 on the right side and 0.35±0.09 on the left side and in control group was 0.43±0.06 and 0.40±0.05 on the right and left respectively. Difference between case and control was statistically significant (p < 0.001). During second trimester venous impedance index was 0.34±0.06 and 0.35±0.07 on right and left side respectively. In the third trimester it was 0.31±0.05 on the right side and 0.34±0.10 on the left side. There was negative correlation between venous impedance and grade of hydronephrosis or gestational age. Conclusion: Venous impedance index was significantly lower in pregnant ladies than in control and there was a negative correlation between grades of hydronephrosis and venous impedance index. NJR I VOL 2 I ISSUE 1 25-30 Jan-June, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/njr.v2i1. 6976
Top-line summary aDVaNCED rENaL CELL CarCiNOma Hitting the target with novel systemic therapies

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy. Many patients already have locally advanced or metastatic disease when first diagnosed. In addition, patients with localized disease are at significant risk of progression despite surgical treatment. Chemotherapy is generally ineffective, while immunotherapy benefits only a small minority of patients and is associated with significant toxicity. The von HippelLindau (VHL) gene is commonly mutated in RCC. Understanding the interaction of the VHL gene and cellular signalling pathways affecting angiogenesis has led to the development of targeted therapies. Three agents — bevacizumab, sorafenib and sunitinib — have demonstrated activity against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway and improved progression-free survival in clinical trials of patients with advanced disease. The U.S. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada have approved sorafenib and sunitinib for the treatment of advanced RCC. A fourth targeted agent, temsirolimus, also downregulates the VEGF pathway through inhibition of mTOR kinase. This is the only targeted agent to have shown improved overall survival in a clinical trial of patients with advanced RCC, however the study was restricted to a poor-risk population. Research is ongoing to assess the role of targeted agents in combinations with chemotherapy, immunotherapy and other targeted therapies. Top-line summary aDVaNCED rENaL CELL CarCiNOma Hitting the target with novel systemic therapies
Business Failure Prediction using Fuzzy C-Means with Kernel Method

To propose the new prediction method of Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (KFCM) for business failure. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm fails to deal with non-spherical clusters and incomplete data, while the kernel method can map the low-dimensional data into highdimensional feature space which is easier to be separated. Therefore, kernel method is integrated with the FCM to solve the problems of FCM. To fully reflect the performance of different kernel functions, KFCM respectively adopts three kernel functions which include Gaussian, Polynomial, Sigmoid kernel. The paper employs the financial data from Chinese quoted companies to predict the business failure. The prediction outcomes of three KFCMs are not only made a comparison to each other, but also compared with the standard FCM. It can show that KFCMs have better classification accuracy than FCM, but each of them has its advantages for normal and failing companies.