Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies of the effect of cerebroprotective substances on the course of stress-induced behavioral depression

Introduction. Atrophic disturbances of neurons of the limbic structures of the brain, which lead to insufficient regulation of emotions and mood, cause depression. Substances with cerebroprotective activity have the ability to inhibit further development and even reverse atrophic damage to neurons. Materials and methods. Using electrophysiological techniques, the cerebroprotective activity of piracetam, diacamf – (±)-cis-3-(2-benzimidazolyl)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentanone-carboxylic acid hydrochloride and the compound R-86, or 3,2’-spiro-pyrrolo-2-oxindole, was investigated in rat hippocampal slices. In behavioral experiments, there was studied the influence of the above substances, which had been administered for 20 days, on the most important manifestations of behavioral depression in rats caused by a five-day swim stress, such as the time of immobilization in the forced swim test and the indicator of preference for consuming sucrose solution. In addition, the influence of piracetam and diacamf was studied on the effects of the classic antidepressant imipramine. Results and discussion. It was found that piracetam, diacamf and the compound R-86 in in vitro studies reduced the damage to the pyramidal hippocampal neurons caused by anoxia and aglycemia, the excitotoxic activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate and oxidative stress when hydrogen peroxide was applied to the slices. Cerebroprotective activity of the test substances, when they are systemically administered for 20 days, is linked with their antidepressant-like effect, which was manifested in a decrease in the immobilization time in the swim test and an increase in the sucrose solution consumption indicator. Co-administration of piracetam in rats potentiated antidepressant activity of imipramine, and diacamf showed additive synergism with the antidepressant. Conclusion. Substances with cerebroprotective activity in their chronic administration may show an antidepressant-like effect. Those that potentiate the action of classical anidepressants can be used in conjunction with antidepressants during episodes of exacerbation of the disease. Less active cerebroprotective drugs can be recommended during remission for its prolongation.
Endoscopic Lateral Osteotomy in Rhinoplasty.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the advantages of endoscopic lateral osteotomy, to evaluate the effects of the periosteal elevation on ecchymosis and to search the reasons for the ecchymosis and the intranasal mucosal tears. METHODS On a randomly chosen side a subperiosteal tunnel was elevated, on the other side a subperiosteal tunnel was not elevated. Bilateral lateral osteotomies were performed. Internal nasal packing was not used. The post-operative care was similar for all patients. The patients were evaluated on the third post-operative day. The intranasal mucosal tears, the lateral osteotomy cut on the periosteal elevation side were examined using endoscopes. The degree of ecchymosis was determined by 2 other surgeons, who were unaware of the elevated side, using the grading system adapted from Hoffman et al. RESULTS:: The intranasal mucosal injury was seen in 16 of non-elevated side whereas it was 14 on the periosteal elevated side. Endoscopy showed the perforating arteries and elevation of the periosteum caused rupture and oozing from these arteries which might be a cause for ecchymosis. Ecchymosis was more severe on the side with subperiosteal tunnel in 6 patients; whereas only in 2 patients it was more severe on the side with no subperiosteal tunnel elevation while in 12 patients the degree of ecchymosis was the same on both sides. CONCLUSION Endoscopy gives a great opportunity to visualize the lateral osteotomy site. Besides the lateral osteotomy cut, the arteries and the intranasal mucosal injury can be visualized. Periost elevation increases the severity of ecchymosis due to the rupture of the perforating arteries, not due to the trauma of the angular artery. Intramucosal tears do not increase the severity of the ecchymosis.
A Point Mutation Creating a 3′ Splice Site in C8A Is a Predominant Cause of C8α-γ Deficiency in African Americans

Key Points C8α-γ– deficient African Americans share a G→A mutation in intron 6 of the C8A gene. This change creates a new, preferred 3′ splice site causing a 10 nt mRNA insertion. The insertion shifts the reading frame, producing a premature stop codon downstream. C8α-γ deficiency was examined in four unrelated African Americans. Two individuals were compound heterozygotes for a previously reported point mutation in exon 9. mRNA from the remaining six C8A alleles contained a 10 nt insertion between nt 992 and 993 corresponding to the junction between exons 6 and 7. This suggested that C8α-γ deficiency in these individuals was caused by a splicing defect. Genomic sequencing revealed a G→A point mutation in intron 6, upstream of the exon 7 acceptor site. This mutation converts a GG to an AG, generates a consensus 3′ splice site that shifts the reading frame, and creates a premature stop codon downstream. To verify that the point mutation caused a splicing defect, we tested wild-type and mutant mRNA substrates, containing 333 nt of the C8α intron 6/exon 7 boundary, in an in vitro splicing assay. This assay generated spliced RNA containing the 10 bp insertion observed in the C8α mRNA of affected patients. In addition, in mutant RNA substrates, the new 3′ splice site was preferentially recognized compared with wild-type. Preferential selection of the mutant splice site likely reflects its positioning adjacent to a polypyrimidine tract that is stronger than that adjacent to the wild-type site. In summary, we have identified a G→A mutation in intron 6 of C8A as a predominant cause of C8α-γ deficiency in African Americans. This mutation creates a new and preferred 3′ splice site, results in a 10 nt insertion in mRNA, shifts the reading frame, and produces a premature stop codon downstream.
Degenerate Primers Facilitate the Detection and Identification of Potyviruses From the Northwest Region of Iran

Background: Potyviruses are accounted for 40% of viral diseases of various crops including vegetables and legumes. Potyviruses can be transmitted through plant sap, seeds and many aphid species. Due to ease of spread of these viruses detection of such viruses are crucial as to the control of the incited diseases. Objectives: This study compared the efficiencies of two couples of primers in their detection of potyviruses infecting vegetables in North-West of Iran. Materials and Methods: To identify potyviruses infecting vegetables, total RNA preparations from leaves of diseased plants were subjected to reverse transcription (RT) with oligo d(T)15, M4T or a potyvirus-specific primer, followed by polymerase chain reactions (PCR) with two pairs of degenerate primers including Sprimer/M4 or NIb2F/NIb3R that would yield ~ 1700 or 350 bp fragments, respectively. Amplification was achieved from 7 samples when Sprimer and M4 were used, but non- specific fragments were also amplified. However, specific amplifications from 31 samples were achieved with NIb2F2 and NIb3R. PCR products resulting from the use of NIb2F/NIb3R were subjected for cloning and sequencing. Results: BLAST analysis of the sequenced data revealed that the PCR-amplified fragments belonged to Bean common mosaic virus (green bean), Bean yellow mosaic virus (broad bean), Potato virus Y (potato), Watermelon mosaic virus (squash, muskmelon or melon), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (squash), and Soybean mosaic virus (bean). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the efficiency of NIb2F2/NIb3R in detection of potyviruses and revealed the extent of infections with diverse potyviruses species in the northwest part of Iran.
High resolution imaging of GaAs nanowires

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are expected to be the new building blocks in electronics and photonics, but improved understanding of the nanowire surfaces and electronic properties are required to realize it. In this bachelor thesis, wurtzite (Wz)-zincblende (Zb) axial heterostructure GaAs nanowires are studied using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The hexagonal cross section nanowires have {110}- type side facets for the Zb top part and {10-10}- type side facets for the Wz bottom part . Additionally {11-20}-type facets and {111}B- type facets are present at the transition between the two crystal structures. The surfaces of these facets are investigated to characterize their morphology and defects. The {110}-type zincblende facets are characterized by 60-80 nm wide terraces with wavy edges. At least one type of point defects is observed on the surface, which is thought to be Arsenic mono-vacancies with a density of the order 〖10〗^12-〖10〗^13 cm^(-2). No stacking faults or twin-planes are observed in the zincblende crystal structure, but are seen in the crystal transition region between the two crystal structures. A downward directed, 5-15 nm wide stripe-like overgrowth structure is seen on the {11-20}-type wurtzite facets. Furthermore, 50-70 nm wide {10-10}-type facets show a morphology of atomic steps occurring perpendicular to the nanowire growth direction. A 5-15 nm wide structure, parallel the nanowires are observed to emanate from these atomic steps. The surfaces of the wurtzite part of the nanowires have almost no point defects, but show a low density of stacking fault.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Isolation Forest

- With the evolution of recent technology, employment of credit cards has increased. As credit card becomes the trendiest kind of payment for online payment moreover as manual payment, the numbers of Credit card frauds are increasing day by day. It's necessary to curb the credit card frauds because it causes brobdingnagian quantity of economic loss. So, we tend to find the dishonorable and real transactions by victimization the conception of sophistication. And additionally the accuracy of Isolation Forest and Local Outlier issue is calculated to point out the most effective rule for fraud detection. Machine Learning consists of many algorithms which will be employed in fraud detection like Random Forest, Local Outlier Factor, Isolation Forest, Naive mathematician, K-nearest Neighbors, Neural Networks, etc which will be employed in fraud detection. And that we are about to use Isolation Forest and Local Outlier in our project.
Isolation and Characterization of Lead Resistant Indole Acetic Acid Producing Rhizobacteria from Fly Ash Contaminated Site Near Thermal Power Plant

Coal Fly Ash is a major by-product of a coal-fired thermal power plant along with bottom ash, exhaust gas and effluent. Safe storage and disposal of Fly Ash is a global challenge of modern era due to the presence of different heavy metals i.e. Pb, Al, Ni, Cd, Zn, As, Co etc. Most of Fly Ash is used for landfill purposes and only a small portion is used in other industries like pawer blocks, cement and agriculture. Fly Ash has been reported the as soil amendment agent for agricultural land. However, Fly Ash has also been reported to have a negative effect on soil microbial community due to the presence of heavy metals. Hence, Study was carried out to isolate and characterize heavy metal resistant IAA producing Rhizobacteria from the rhizosphere of Arachis hypogaea L plant which was collected from the farms adjacent to the Ukai thermal power plant. Highest IAA producing isolated strain of Bacillus cereus was used for optimization. The three factors explored in the current study were pH (Factor A), Temperature (Factor B) and Tryptophan concentration (Factor C). The effect of these three factors variations on the response of IAA produced (Y) was investigated using a 23 Full Factorial Design (FFD). A 23 Full Factorial Design model was built and Regression was done using R software.
Silicon Carbide (SiC) based Constant DC Current Source for DC Current Transformer Calibration

A single phase AC-DC converter is extremely important parameter of major sectors of power systems, electronic circuitries, computer power supplies, communication and automation systems. The converter system should be compact, efficient and reliable as it powers the system throughout the year continuously. The power density and performance efficiency of the controlled rectifier circuits are sufficiently enhanced using the next level semiconductor switches like Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFET having wide band gap structure. The advantages in the structural properties of the SiC MOSFET device face the challenges in terms of the costing of the device. In this paper a single phase close loop control rectifier with switching device as SiC MOSFET and diodes as Schottky SiC diode is proposed which minimizes the reverse recovery losses of semiconductor switches which gets wipe out. Proposed rectifier is designed for powering the high precision calibration of Direct Current Current Transformer (DCCT) which works on the Hall Effect principle for high DC current measurements of Kilo ampere range. The circuit operational analysis and simulation presented validate the advantages of proposed rectifier in comparison with traditional circuit configuration.
mmMuxing: Pushing the Limit of Spatial Reuse in Directional Millimeter-wave Wireless Networks

Millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless networks are envisioned to bring a very high degree of spatial reuse, i.e., multiple links can operate concurrently without interference. The vision, however, is becoming doubtful, as recent studies found that non-negligible interference exists due to imperfect beam patterns generated by commodity mmWave radios and strong reflections. In this paper, we conduct an extensive measurement on the spatial reuse issue in a dense 60 GHz mmWave network consisting of multiple access points (AP) and users. Our measurement quantifies the impact of interference on network performance and finds that the existing prediction-based interference-resolving approaches are insufficient. Motivated by the findings, we propose mmMuxing, which enhances the spatial reuse in 60 GHz mmWave networks. Instead of relying on interference prediction, mmMuxing takes a new measurement principle of building a conflict graph that implicitly takes into account the impact of both beam imperfectness and reflections. Using the conflict graph, mmMuxing designs a joint user-beam selection algorithm, which can determine the optimal user-beam combination and lead to the minimum interference in each schedule. We prototype and evaluate mmMuxing over testbed using commodity mmWave radios. The evaluation results demonstrate that mmMuxing improves network throughput by multi-folds compared with the state-of-the-art.
Testability Transformations For Existing APIs

Search-based software testing (SBST) has been shown to be an effective technique to generate test cases automatically. Its effectiveness strongly depends on the guidance of the fitness function. Unfortunately, a common issue in SBST is the so called flag problem, where the fitness landscape presents a plateau that provides no guidance. In this paper, we provide a series of novel testability transformations aimed at providing guidance in the context of commonly used API calls. An example is when strings need to be converted into valid date/time objects. We implemented our novel techniques as an extension to EVOMASTER, a SBST tool that generates system level test cases. Experiments on six open-source REST web services, and an industrial one, show that our novel techniques improve performance significantly.
Improving Research Skills with Lean-Agile-based Instruction : Lean-Agile led, Analytics oriented platform for flexible, self-regulated, inclusive learning

To achieve better research outcomes, all countries, especially the developing countries, focus on improvement in the research skills of the academia, in particular that of novice students. Research Methods (RM) course is the common first step whereby students gain their initial skills in designing, conducting and reporting research. This research aims to significantly improve the way Research Methods course is taught in higher education settings. As part of this research, this study investigates the following research questions. First, can Lean-Agile practices infused in a Research Methods course help improve the research skills? Second, if so, what kind of customization is needed to make it a) acceptable to the Student Researchers (SRs) and Research Supervisors (RSs), and b) measurable and suitable for learning Research Methods? Finally, is there an additive causal influence on learning efficiency from Lean-Agile methods and Self-regulated learning methods? This research has designed an online educational platform for a Research Methods (RM) course that is infused with novel pedagogical approach / processes, to scaffold their learning processes with analytical solutions and interactive visualizations. The first iteration of this Design Science Research (DSR) commenced with a survey of SRs and RSs in a young university in India, as part of the Relevance Cycle; As part of Rigor Cycle, Systematic & Explorative Literature reviews are underway. Design Cycle to build an MVP based on survey inputs is also in progress; Evaluation Cycle is being planned. This DC paper elaborates on these research processes and identifies a few challenges facing a DSR-based approach.
Design and Implementation of Heartbeat Rate and SpO2 Detector by Using IoT for Patients

In this modern days, development of smart healthcare system is an emerging area of research on the Internet of Thing (IoT). The majority of the individuals who are living in provincial territories are not able to get medical services because of the absence of specialists, emergency and private clinics. Likewise, notwithstanding a little medical issue, the individuals get wavered to get counsel from a specialist due to travel, cost, and time. The heart is the most vital organ in the human body, and the heartbeat rate is an essential aspect of human metabolism. Pulse oximetry is the non-invasive measurement of the oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the heart. However, most of the available heart rate measurement tools are rather expensive and only available in hospitals, and accurate measurement of SpO2 in a rural area may not be possible immediately to measure the level of oxygen level in the human body. In this proposed system, Beer's Law used to implement the Heart Beat Rate, and SpO2 detector used to measure SpO2, heartbeat rate and temperature range. Two different light wavelengths (Red Led and Infrared Led) are used to measure the actual difference in the absorption spectra between HbO2 and Hb. The SpO2 probe placed on the person's finger and the other end with a micro controller to calculate the number of pulses and the amount of the SpO2 present on their body. The measurement range of the SpO2, Heart Beat Rate and Temperature are viewed via OP APP (Outpatient Android Application) and the same is viewed by the doctor in the other end through the cloud. Besides, the interaction will be done between the clinician and patient through video conference in the same OP APP.
Singular Plural basi ? bura ? kali ? kame ? komo ? kona ?

Suppose that a company invents a new must-have gadget, called bizwik. Soon, everyone must have one, and these gadgets are everywhere. Even your mom has five or six shiny little _________. If you are like most English speakers, you have just generated a plural form for a noun you have never encountered before, and I’d bet that form was bizwiks, with an [s] (Berko, 1958). You have just solved the Paradigm Cell Filling Problem (Ackerman et al., 2009), filling a hitherto empty cell in the bizwikSG~____PL paradigm. How did you accomplish this feat? There are multiple competing answers to this question, corresponding to distinct views of the morphological and phonological grammar (as well as views that dispense with the notion of a grammar, which lie beyond the scope of this paper). In particular, Bybee (1985, 2001) has argued that you have used what she calls “product-oriented” schemas, form-meaning mappings linking some phonological structure – possibly underspecified – to a morphological meaning like PLURAL. In this case, a product-oriented schema would be something like [. s]word~PLURAL. The defining characteristic of a product-oriented generalization is that it is made by generalizing over a set of forms sharing one cell in a paradigm, e.g. plural forms. While there is evidence for product-oriented schemas (see Bybee, 2001; Kapatsinski, 2009, 2013, for reviews), a purely product-oriented grammar is insufficient to account for all productive morphological patterns: paradigm cell filling cannot involve only product-oriented schemas because the produced form can depend on other forms of the same word (Gouskova & Becker, 2013; Pierrehumbert, 2006). For example, Russian speakers know that someone who possesses only one flarnikrapa (Nom.Sg) must not possess multiple flarnikrap (Gen.Pl), whereas someone who possesses only one flarnikrap (Nom.Sg) must not possess multiple flarnikrapov (Gen.Pl). In this case, one can only decide on the Genitive Plural form if one knows whether the Nominative Singular ends in -a or a consonant. Since the -a is absent from the Genitive Plural form, generalizing over Genitive Plural forms would not allow one to discover when one should
Smart Home Automation Using Machine Learning Algorithms

A home automation system controls lighting, temperature, multimedia systems, and appliances. Since these devices and sensors are connected to common infrastructure, they form the Internet of Things. A home automation system links multiple controllable devices to a centralized server. These devices have a user interface for controlling and monitoring, which can be accessed by using a tablet or a mobile application, which can be accessed remotely as well. Ideally, anything that can be connected to a network can be automated and controlled remotely. Smart homes must be artificially intelligent systems that need to adapt themselves based on user actions and surroundings. These systems need to carefully analyze the user needs and the conditions of the surroundings in order to predict future actions and also minimizes user interaction. Traditional home automation systems that provide only remote access and control are not that effective in terms of being ‘smart’, so in this paper we put forward the use of concepts of different machine learning algorithms along with computer vision to shape together a smart learning automated system that controls lighting, sound and other devices based on the user’s emotion.
USING MACHINE LEARNING TO IDENTIFY PHISHING ATTACKS

The term “phishing” refers to a type of cyber attack in which the attacker sends fraudulent emails. What makes this email attack unique is that it often requests that the user follow an included link, where the user is asked to enter private information. This project explores the possibility of using natural language processing and machine learning techniques to differentiate between legitimate and phishing emails. Natural language processing tools used here include word tokenization, stemming, and stopword removal. These processes are used to prepare the emails for analysis by machine learning models by manipulating the text of the emails. Machine learning models look at samples of both types of email, attempt to decide the identifying factors of the two types of emails, and then classify unseen samples. A strong model will be able to identify a phishing email by analyzing the text of the email in addition to the characteristics of the included link.