Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-resolved white light transillumination for optical imaging

Purpose: To describe a new breast-imaging method with the potential of multi-spectral optical transillumination based on a time-resolved technique. Material and Methods: A breast phantom was irradiated with ultra-short laser pulses of white light generated by self-phase modulation of an incident high-power laser pulse in water. Time-resolved detection of the transmitted light was performed. Contrast resolution was studied using different absorbers located inside the breast phantom. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that simultaneous, multi-spectral transillumination is possible. The technique can also be used for measurements of optical properties in tissue.
Vaccination with Attenuated Neisseria meningitidis Strains Protects against Challenge with Live Meningococci

ABSTRACT Meningococcal disease is a life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Currently, there are no vaccines to prevent infection with serogroup B N. meningitidis strains, the leading cause of meningococcal meningitis in Europe and North America. Here we describe the construction and characterization of two attenuated serogroup B N. meningitidis strains, YH102 (MC58Δsia ΔrfaF) and YH103 (MC58Δsia ΔmetH). Both strains are markedly attenuated in their capacity to cause bacteremia in rodent models and have a reduced ability to survive in a human whole-blood assay. Immunization of adult mice with these strains leads to the development of bactericidal antibodies and confers sterilizing protection against challenge with homologous live bacteria. Furthermore, we show that the strains confer protection against infection by other serogroups. Use of the attenuated strains in animals with gene knockouts or after depletion of immunological effectors could be used to define the basis of protection, and human volunteer studies could be undertaken to examine the immune response following exposure to this important human pathogen.
Psychophysical effects of Music in Exercise

For years researchers have investigated the effects of music on exercise performance. Humans respond to rhythmical qualities of music by synchronizing movement pattern to tempo. Synchronous music has shown to produce an ergogenic effect. Music has a positive effect on performance. This study is to know the psychophysical effects of music in exercise domain and to study the influence of lyrics of music on exercise. In present study 30 female medical students of age group between 18 20years were chosen. Each subject underwent 4 sessions of exercise. Sessions without music, slow melody music of familiar language, fast beat music with familiar language lyrics and fast beat music with unknown language lyrics. In each session Duration of exercise, Distance covered and Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Exercise performance was better when subjects exercised with music. The duration of exercise and distance covered was more for fast beat music compared to slow melody. There was no significant difference in the effect of lyrics of familiar local language or unknown language on work done. But the Perceived exertion was less during exercise with musical lyrics in known local language compared to lyrics in unknown language. Lyrics seem to convey the meaning and generate thoughts and feelings with its wordings. The motor co-ordination is better when body is in sync with the tempo of music and not much influenced by the lyrics.
p53 Suppresses the Activation of the Bcl-2 Promoter by the Brn-3a POU Family Transcription Factor*

The Brn-3a POU family transcription factor has been shown to strongly activate expression of the Bcl-2proto-oncogene and thereby protect neuronal cells from programmed cell death (apoptosis). This activation of the Bcl-2 promoter by Brn-3a is strongly inhibited by the p53 anti-oncogene protein. This inhibitory effect of p53 on Brn-3a-mediated transactivation is observed with nonoverlapping gene fragments containing either the Bcl-2 p1 or p2 promoters but is not observed with other Brn-3a-activated promoters such as in the gene encoding α-internexin or with an isolated Brn-3a binding site from the Bcl-2 promoter linked to a heterologous promoter. In contrast, p53 mutants, which are incapable of binding to DNA, do not affect Brn-3a-mediated activation of the Bcl-2 p1 and p2 promoters. Moreover, Brn-3a and p53 have been shown to bind to adjacent sites in the p2 promoter and to directly interact with one another, bothin vitro and in vivo, with this interaction being mediated by the POU domain of Brn-3a and the DNA binding domain of p53. The significance of these effects is discussed in terms of the antagonistic effects of Bcl-2 and p53 on the rate of apoptosis and the overexpression of Brn-3a in specific tumor cell types.
Study on comparing the signal processing of a linear CCD with a PSD for displacement measurement

The main concern for a displacement measurement is the performance of a sensor such as speed, resolution, accuracy and so on. The sensors mainly used for displacement measurement are a linear CCD (charge coupled device) and a PSD (position sensitive detection) as a noncontact type. Their structures are different very much, which means that the signal processing of both sensors should be applied in different ways. In the case of CCD, there are some limits in resolution and speed because of its structure, and it needs a complex image processing algorithm. Also, PSD has some disadvantages like sensitivity to environmental lights and nonlinearities. Like this, a linear CCD and PSD have their own characteristics which need different signal processing and if we know them well, we can choose one of the two sensors properly in some applications according to our purposes. This paper determines which one is superior to the other between the two sensors in terms of accuracy, resolution, measurement speed, signal to noise ratio.
Involvement of a Short Interspersed Element in Epigenetic Transcriptional Silencing of the Amoebapore Gene in Entamoeba histolytica

ABSTRACT Transcriptional silencing of an amoebapore (ap-a) gene occurred in Entamoeba histolytica following the transfection of plasmids containing a DNA segment (473 bp) homologous to the 5′ upstream region of the gene (R. Bracha, Y. Nuchamowitz, and D. Mirelman, Eukaryot. Cell 2:295-305, 2003). This segment contains the promoter region of the ap-a gene, a T-rich stretch, followed by a truncated SINE1 (short interspersed element 1) that is transcribed from the antisense strand. Transfection of plasmids containing truncated SINE1 sequences which lack their 3′ regulatory elements upstream of the ap-a gene was essential for the downstream silencing of the ap-a gene while transfection with plasmids containing the entire SINE1 sequence or without the T-rich stretch promoted the overexpression of the ap-a gene. Both the T-rich stretch and sequences of the 5′ SINE1 were essential for the transcription of SINE1. RNA extracts from gene-silenced cultures showed small amounts of short (∼140-nucleotide), single-stranded molecules with homology to SINE1 but no short interfering RNA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis with an antibody against methylated K4 of histone H3 showed a demethylation of K4 at the domain of the ap-a gene, indicating transcriptional inactivation. These results suggest the involvement of SINE1 in triggering the gene silencing and the role of histone modification in its epigenetic maintenance.
Comparison of Cascaded H-Bridge, Neutral Point Clamped and Flying Capacitor multilevel inverters using multicarrier PWM

Multilevel Inverters are becoming popular for their high voltage operating capability for high power applications. This paper presents a comparative study of Cascaded H-Bridge, Neutral Point Clamped and Flying Capacitor multilevel voltage source inverters. These five-level inverters are simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink using multi carrier sine pulse width modulation. FFT analyses of output voltages for an RL load is carried out. The advantages of Cascaded H-Bridge inverter over the other two types of inverters are brought out in this paper.
Chi Square Feature Extraction Based Svms Arabic Text Categorization System

This paper aims to implement a Support Vector Machines (SVMs) based text classification system for Arabic language articles. This classifier uses CHI square method as a feature selection method in the preprocessing step of the Text Classification system design procedure. Comparing to other classification methods, our classification system shows a high classification effectiveness for Arabic articles term of Macroaveraged F1 = 88.11 and Microaveraged F1 = 90.57.
Evaluation of influence of trellis system on eco-physiological property using sap flow sensor

Eco-physiological information concerning the effect of trellis system on gas exchange property of grapevine is seldom available. However, information of productivity at canopy level is necessary for choosing best trellis system by vineyard manager. In this study, we investigated grapevine canopy conductance against solar irradiance among five different trellis systems. Relationships between canopy conductance and solar irradiance showed different tendencies for each trellis system, but bed trellis system in Katsunuma performed best. Comparison of gas exchange capacity at canopy level achieved the evaluation of productivity among each trellis system quantitatively. Such useful evaluation of trellis systems calls attention for vineyard manager to reconsider the past empirical and groundless argument about canopy management.
The Impact of System Quality in E-learning System

System quality (SQ) is a term to describe the quality of the content of information system. This study focused on the concept of system quality and discusses the main dimensions of system quality (Usability, Accessibility, Reliability, and Stability) and evaluates the impacts of these dimensions on the efficiency of e-learning system. The study found that Usability is the strongest dimension that affects system quality of e-learning. The study used survey method for data collection, questionnaires was distributed to students and teachers and analysed by using Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) software. This paper concludes that efficiency of e-learning system could not be fulfilled without achieving high level of system quality that attracts learners to increase their usage of e-learning
Dual band notched fractal ultra-wideband antenna

A dual frequency notched ultra-wideband (UWB) fractal printed antenna is presented and analyzed in detail. By introducing Sierpinski carpet fractal, the size of the antenna is reduced significantly and impedance bandwidth is improved. Two open-ended quarter wavelength slots are etched on the ground plane to create the first notched band in 3.3 - 3.7 GHz for WiMAX system. In addition, two half-wavelength U shape slots are cut in the ground plane to generate the second notch band in 5.15-5.825 GHz for IEEE802.11a and HIPERLAN/2. Several properties of the antenna such as impedance bandwidth, frequency notched characteristics, radiation patterns and gain, have been simulated. Two sharp frequency notched bands are achieved, and relatively stable, omnidirectional radiation performance over the entire frequency range has also been obtained.
Induction of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Radiation Nephropathy: Role of Angiotensin II

Abstract Datta, P. K. , Moulder, J. E. , Fish, B. L. , Cohen, E. P. and Lianos, E. A. Induction of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Radiation Nephropathy: Role of Angiotensin II. Radiat. Res. 155, 734–739 (2001). In a rat model of radiation-induced nephropathy, we investigated changes in expression of heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1, also known as HO-1), an enzyme that catalyzes conversion of heme into biliverdin, carbon monoxide and iron. The study explored whether radiation induces Hmox1 expression in the irradiated kidney and whether angiotensin II (AII) mediates Hmox1 expression in glomeruli isolated from irradiated kidneys. To assess the effects of radiation on Hmox1 expression, rats received 20 Gy bilateral renal irradiation and were randomized to groups receiving an AII type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (L-158,809) or no treatment. Drug treatment began 9 days prior to bilateral renal irradiation and continued for the duration of the study. Estimation of Hmox1 levels in glomerular protein lysates assessed by Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in Hmox1 protein at 50 and 65 days postirradiation. In animals treated with the AT1 receptor antagonist, there was no induction of Hmox1, suggesting that AII may be a mediator of Hmox1 induction. To confirm that AII stimulates Hmox1 expression, animals were infused with 200, 400 or 800 ng/kg min–1 of AII for 18–19 days, and Hmox1 protein levels in glomeruli were assessed. There was a significant induction of Hmox1 in glomeruli of animals infused with 800 ng/kg min–1 of AII. These studies demonstrate that glomerular Hmox1 expression is elevated in the middle phase of radiation nephropathy and that AII can increase glomerular Hmox1 levels.
Gender, but Not CYP2C19 Genotypes and CYP3A Phenotypes, is a Major Determinant of Ilaprazole Pharmacokinetic

The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of CYP2C19 genotypes, CYP3A phenotypes and gender-related difference on the pharmacokinetics of new proton pump inhibitor ilaprazole. Twenty-four healthy Chinese volunteers (age 24.0  1.9 years) were enrolled in an open-label study stratified for gender (12 males and 12 females) and their CYP2C19 genotype (12 of CYP2C19*1/*1 and 12 of CYP2C19*1/*2 or *1/*3). After a single 10-mg dose of ilaprazole was administrated, blood samples were collected at time 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36h from all subjects. Ilaprazole and its metabolite sulfone-ilaprazole plasma concentrations were measured using the well-validated HPLC/MS/MS method. CYP3A phenotype was determined by the classic CYP3A probe drug midazolam one week after the clinical trial. The kinetics characteristics of ilaprazole and sulfone-ilaprazole were significantly influenced by gender. The clearance/systemic bioavailability (CL/F) of ilaprazole was much lower in female than in male (2.5  1.0 versus 3.7  1.6 h-1, P = 0.029), difference became more significant even after corrected by body weight (P = 0.008). However, the differences on half-life, AUC0-36 and AUC0→∞ of ilaprazole between genders were not significantly after normalized by body weight. As for sulfone ilaprazole, larger AUC0→36 and AUC0→∞ were detected in female when compared with male (406.8  126.3 vs. 246.7  70.0 ng • h/ml, P = 0.007, and 606.7  224.5 vs. 332.0  117.1 ng • h/ml, P = 0.001), discrepancies were still significant after corrected by total body weight, P value were 0.017 and 0.010 respectively. The pharmacokinetics parameters of ilaprazole and ilaprazole sulfone were neither different across CYP2C19 genotype groups nor related to CYP3A phenotype. CL/F of ilaprazole were much smaller in women than in men even after adjusted by body weight, indicating great effect of gender on the pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole. CYP2C19 genotypes and CYP3A phenotypes did not affect the pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole or sulfone-ilaprazole.
FERRARI: a tool for the validation of system dependability properties

The authors present FERRARI, a fault and error automatic real-time injector, which can evaluate complex systems by emulating most hardware faults in software. The current version of FERRARI runs on SPARC workstations, in an Xwindow environment. The motivation, methodology, design, implementation, and evaluation of FERRARI are presented. The techniques used to emulate permanent faults and transient errors in software are described in detail. Experimental results are presented for several error detection techniques. They demonstrate the effectiveness of FERRARI in its role as a fault and error injector. <<ETX>>
Licensing and Occupational Sorting in the Market for Teachers

This paper develops and estimates a dynamic occupational choice model with an endogenous licensing decision to examine the current debate about licensing policy for American public school teachers. The estimated model is used to simulate the effects of changes in teacher licensing policy. We find that higher licensing requirements reduce total teacher labor supply and average teacher quality, while increasing the average length of teaching careers. These findings suggest that policies that implement more stringent teacher licensing requirements, such as the No Child Left Behind legislation, may be counter-productive and not lead to an increase in teacher quality.
Influence of Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor Gln27Glu Polymorphism on the Autonomic Heart Rate Modulation in Young Sedentary and Physically Active Women

Background: Studies have shown an interaction between the autonomic heart rate (HR) modulation and genetic polymorphisms. Nevertheless, it is yet unclear how a particular genetic polymorphism may determine a pattern of autonomic HR control, especially regarding the role of physical exercise. The objective was to investigate the influence of of Beta-2-Adrenergic (β2-AR) Gln27Glu polymorphisms and exercise on HRV of young Brazilian women. Methods: The group was selected as Sedentary Group (SG; n = 88) and physically Active Group (AG; n = 99). The β2-AR polymorphisms were analyzed using PCR-RFLP. The amplicons were subjected to electrophoresis on a 10% acrylamide gel and stained with ethidium bromide. The HR was registered in real time for 15 minutes, in the supine-position. The heart rate variability (HRV) was analysed using Shannon’s entropy (SE), conditional entropy (complexity index [CInd] and normalized CInd [NCI]), and symbolic analysis (0V%, 1V%, 2LV%, and 2ULV%). Statistical analysis: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Fisher's Least. Results: AG presented higher values for SE and 2ULV%, and lower values for 0V% when compared to SG (p<0.05). There was no signiﬁcant difference of any index among genotypes both from the complexity and symbolic analysis. The interaction between genotype and exercise did not significantly affect HRV. Conclusion: These results do not support the concept that the β2-AR Gln27Glu polymorphisms affects the HRV indexes in physically active or sedentary women.
A general framework for multilingual text mining using self-organizing maps

Arabic is a major and a highly inflected language, and thus requires good stemming for effective text mining. Yet no standard approach to stemming has emerged. This work investigates some of the issues involved in achieving multilingual text mining (MTM). This work is based on Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and uses Arabic/English corpus as the test-bed. Issues related to Arabic/English text mining, stemming and clustering are discussed in this paper. In the authors knowledge there is no significant literature available regarding SOM technique applied to Arabic and English languages text mining.
Two's Company: Examining children's early meanings for the word "two"

ly to a property of the set of elephants (Papafragou & Musolino, 2002). To make matters worse, “two” can have multiple, even conflicting meanings. For example, when counting two blocks, a child must reconcile the fact that in the phrase, “one, two,” the word “two” represents both a tag for the second object and the total number of objects in that set. So why should one be interested in how children come to comprehend the word “two”? First, the very properties that make numerals, like two, difficult to learn also make them valuable tools for mentally organizing and interpreting the world. Number words help us reason about sets; even better, they allow us to reason about exact sets, with which we can perform any number of precise mathematical operations. They provide us with a system of symbolic number – a series of symbols (numerals) that we can use to represent exact countable quantities. A closer look at those beings who possess symbolic number language and those who do not confirms the importance of knowing a count list when performing a variety of quantity-based tasks. While preverbal infants and animals are able to form nonsymbolic number representations and perform a few basic computations with these representations, they
Automatically learning robot domain ontology from collective knowledge for home service robots

Today, for enabling intelligent decision and high accuracy of recognition in service robots, many researchers supplement robot's knowledge model using the additional knowledge. However, the construction of the knowledge requiring much effort and domain experts fully depends on man power by few people. Thus, this paper proposes a fully automated process of acquiring domain knowledge and representing them to efficient and semantically abundant structure. Thus, we investigate the characteristics of OMICS as preceding case study for collective knowledge in robot domain, and describe the automated process of conversion of such collective knowledge to robot domain ontology. Also, we suggest dynamic semantic distribution method to solve appropriate generalization of relation problem. Finally, we evaluate the efficiency and semantic of our structure for the ontology compared to other knowledge bases for robots.
Modified Distributive Arithmetic based 2D-DWT for Hybrid (Neural Network-DWT) Image Compression

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is significantly used in signal and image processing techniques for pattern recognition and template matching. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is combined with neural network to achieve higher compression if 2D data such as image. Image compression using neural network and DWT have shown superior results over classical techniques, with 70% higher compression and 20% improvement in Mean Square Error (MSE). Hardware complexity and power issipation are the major challenges that have been addressed in this work for VLSI implementation. In this work, modified distributive arithmetic DWT and multiplexer based DWT architecture are designed to reduce the computation complexity of hybrid architecture for image compression. A 2D DWT architecture is designed with 1D DWT architecture and is implemented on FPGA that operates at 268 MHz consuming power less than 1W.
A functional marker centromere with no detectable alpha-satellite, satellite III, or CENP-B protein: activation of a latent centromere?

We report the investigation of an unusual human supernumerary marker chromosome 10 designated "mar del(10). " This marker is present together with two other marker chromosomes in the karyotype of a boy with mild developmental delay. It has a functional centromere at a primary constriction and is mitotically stable. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using alpha-satellite and satellite III DNA as probes failed to detect any signal at the primary constriction site. CENP-B protein could not be demonstrated, although the presence of at least some centromeric proteins was confirmed using a CREST antiserum. Consideration of these and other cytogenetic and FISH results supports a mechanism of formation of the mar del(10) chromosome involving the activation of a latent intercalary centromere at 10q25.