Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sugar cane dry yeast in feeding for growing and finishing goat kids

It was used 27 goat kids (18 ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen and nine Saanen; 18.0 ± 1.60 kg) distributed in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement to evaluate productive performance and the total digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in the rations. Diets were composed of soybean meal, soybean meal + dry yeast or dry yeast as protein source, oat hay, ground corn and vitamin-mineral mixture with mean composition of 2.50 Mcal of ME/kg DM and 17.0% of crude protein on average. Digestibility was determined using indigestible neutral detergent fiber as marker. Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and total carbohydrates were not altered by rations. However, inclusion of dry yeast in the rations reduced ingestions of ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. Within breed groups, the ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen goat kids showed the highest intakes of dry matter and nutrients, as well as the best means of daily gain, feed conversion and days in feedlot. Digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and total carbohydrates were higer - and the digesbility of ether extract was lower - for animals fed rations with dry yeast. There were no differences in digestibility of neutral detergent fiber. Rations with dry yeast showed the highest values of total digestible nutrients. Dry yeast can be used as alternative protein source in rations for goat kids because it does not change animal performance and it does have higher nutritional value than soybean meal. ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen kids show, in feedlots, better performance in growth and finishing phases when compared to Saanen kids.
Drivers of trophic amplification of ocean productivity trends in a changing climate

Pronounced projected 21st century trends in regional oceanic net primary production (NPP) raise the prospect of significant redistributions of marine resources. Recent results further suggest that NPP changes may be amplified at higher trophic levels. Here, we elucidate the role of planktonic food web dynamics in driving projected changes in mesozooplankton production (MESOZP) found to be, on average, twice as large as projected changes in NPP by the latter half of the 21st century under a high emissions scenario in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's ESM2M–COBALT (Carbon, Ocean Biogeochemistry and Lower Trophics) earth system model. Globally, MESOZP was projected to decline by 7.9% but regional MESOZP changes sometimes exceeded 50%. Changes in three planktonic food web properties – zooplankton growth efficiency (ZGE), the trophic level of mesozooplankton (MESOTL), and the fraction of NPP consumed by zooplankton (zooplankton–phytoplankton coupling, ZPC), explain the projected amplification. Zooplankton growth efficiencies (ZGE) changed with NPP, amplifying both NPP increases and decreases. Negative amplification (i.e., exacerbation) of projected subtropical NPP declines via this mechanism was particularly strong since consumers in the subtropics have limited surplus energy above basal metabolic costs. Increased mesozooplankton trophic level (MESOTL) resulted from projected declines in large phytoplankton production. This further amplified negative subtropical NPP declines but was secondary to ZGE and, at higher latitudes, was often offset by increased ZPC. Marked ZPC increases were projected for high-latitude regions experiencing shoaling of deep winter mixing or decreased winter sea ice – both tending to increase winter zooplankton biomass and enhance grazer control of spring blooms. Increased ZPC amplified projected NPP increases in the Arctic and damped projected NPP declines in the northwestern Atlantic and Southern Ocean. Improved understanding of the physical and biological interactions governing ZGE, MESOTL and ZPC is needed to further refine estimates of climate-driven productivity changes across trophic levels.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: gender disparities in endowments access to economic opportunities and agency.

This assessment presents a broad picture of the main gender disparities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in endowments, economic opportunities, and agency. The report builds on the framework of the 2012 World Bank World Development Report 2012 on gender and development and the World Bank’s regional gender report on Europe and Central Asia: opportunities for men and women, that focuses on the household and individual members’ bargaining power and their ability to access (i) endowments, education, health and physical assets, (ii) economic opportunities, labor market, employment, entrepreneurship, and (iii) agency, political participation and voice, gender-based violence, and the legal framework. The remainder of the report is organized as follows. The next subsections provide general patterns of gender gaps across socio-demographic groups. Chapter one discusses ‘agency’ and describes factors which may shape the process how men and women use their endowments and utilize economic opportunities to achieve desired outcomes. Chapter two, in turn, analyzes gender disparities in endowments, such as health and education. Chapter three focuses on gender gaps in the labor market, entrepreneurship and earnings, access to finance and poverty. The last section, chapter four, presents conclusions and policy recommendations.
Targeted delivery of polypeptide nanoparticle for treatment of traumatic brain injury

Background and purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major disease without effective treatment. Recently, Tat-NR2B9c peptide emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent, but limited in clinical translation by it low brain penetrability. We synthesized Tat-NR2B9c loaded self-assembled activatable protein nanoparticles, termed TN-APNPs, and demonstrated that TN-APNPs enhanced the delivery of Tat-NR2B9c to the brain lesion in stroke. Herein we developed a novel approach to further engineering TN-APNPs for targeted delivery of Tat-NR2B9c to the injured brain with enhanced efficiency through conjugation of CAQK or CCAQK, a short peptide. Methods: Short peptide-conjugated TN-APNPs were synthesized by conjugated with CAQK or CCAQK via a click condensation reaction with CBT, then analyzed by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and thrombin responsive assay. Characterization of short peptide-conjugated TN-APNPs were investigated by using cell excitotoxicity assay and transwell blood-brain-barrier model in vitro, and pharmacokinetics, IVIS imaging system and confocal analysis in TBI-bearing mice. Evaluation of therapeutic effects were analyzed by H&E staining, Elevated Plus Maze analysis and Rotarod test. Results: CAQK-conjugated TN-APNPs (C-TN-APNPs) and CCAQK-conjugated TN-APNPs (CC-TN-APNPs) were spherical in morphology and 30 nm in diameter. In vitro studies revealed that TN-APNPs, C-TN-APNPs and CC-TN-APNPs were responsive to thrombin cleavage, reduced the cytotoxicity of Tat-NR2B9c, and increased BBB permeability of Tat-NR2B9c. CC-TN-APNPs demonstrated the better circulation time, better targeting ability and penetrating efficiency to the injured brain, and better therapeutic benefits in vivo studies. Conclusion: This study demonstrated CC-TN-APNPs as a promising therapeutic for clinical management of TBI.
Linking Datasets Using Semantic Textual Similarity

Abstract Linked data has been widely recognized as an important paradigm for representing data and one of the most important aspects of supporting its use is discovery of links between datasets. For many datasets, there is a significant amount of textual information in the form of labels, descriptions and documentation about the elements of the dataset and the fundament of a precise linking is in the application of semantic textual similarity to link these datasets. However, most linking tools so far rely on only simple string similarity metrics such as Jaccard scores. We present an evaluation of some metrics that have performed well in recent semantic textual similarity evaluations and apply these to linking existing datasets.
Condition for Successful Square Transformation in Time Series Modeling

In this study we establish the probability density function of the square transformed left-truncated N(1,σ2) error component of the multiplicative time series model and the functional expressions for its mean and variance. Furthermore the mean and variance of the square transformed left-truncated N(1,σ2) error component and those of the untransformed component were compared for the purpose of establishing the interval for σ where the properties of the two distributions are approximately the same in terms of equality of means and normality. From the results of the study, it was established that the two distributions are normally distributed and have means ≌1.0 correct to 1 dp in the interval 0 σ , hence a successful square transformation where necessary is achieved for values of σ such that 0 σ .
Aphidius ervi Teratocytes Release Enolase and Fatty Acid Binding Protein Through Exosomal Vesicles

The molecular bases of the host-parasitoid interactions in the biological system Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera, Aphididae) and Aphidius ervi (Haliday) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) have been elucidated allowing the identification of a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, the active component of maternal venom secretion, and teratocytes, the embryonic parasitic factors responsible for host physiology regulation after parasitization. Teratocytes, cells deriving from the dissociation of the serosa, the parasitoid embryonic membrane, are responsible for extra-oral digestion of host tissues in order to provide a suitable nutritional environment for the development of parasitoid larvae. Teratocytes rapidly grow in size without undergoing any cell division, synthesize, and release in the host hemolymph two proteins: a fatty acid binding protein (Ae-FABP) and an enolase (Ae-ENO). Ae-FABP is involved in transport of fatty acids deriving from host tissues to the parasitoid larva. Ae-ENO is an extracellular glycolytic enzyme that functions as a plasminogen like receptor inducing its activation to plasmin. Both Ae-FABP and Ae-ENO lack their signal peptides, and they are released in the extracellular environment through an unknown secretion pathway. Here, we investigated the unconventional mechanism by which teratocytes release Ae-FABP and Ae-ENO in the extracellular space. Our results, obtained using immunogold staining coupled with TEM and western blot analyses, show that these two proteins are localized in vesicles released by teratocytes. The specific dimension of these vesicles and the immunodetection of ALIX and HSP70, two exosome markers, strongly support the hypothesis that these vesicles are exosomes.
ricyde Power-Load Curves in an Elite Weightlifter

Findings from mechanical power data can make a significant difference in the performance of athletes in weightlifting if it is properly understood by coaches. The purpose of this study was to examine the powerload (P-L) curve in the snatch, clean, back jerk and jerk of an international-level Spanish weightlifter. Four testing sessions were conducted in the present work. Session 1: estimating snatch and clean 1RM (1 repetition maximum); Session 2: power assessment of the snatch and clean across a spectrum of loads (30% to 100%) of the predetermined 1RM; Session 3: estimating back jerk and jerk 1RM; Session 4: power assessment of the back jerk and jerk across a spectrum of loads (30% to 100%) of the predetermined 1RM. The highest peak power output (Pmax) was reached with loads of 90% of 1RM in each exercise tested, which demonstrated this percentage to be the optimal load (Pmax load) to train power development during weightlifting exercises.
By-products from the vegetable oil industry as a feasible source for biofuels production and pollution reduction

Biodiesel produced from by-products and waste materials can be an economical way for reducing the traditional oil consumption and environmental problems. The by-products from the refining vegetable oil industry such as soapstock, acid oil and fatty acid distillates are suitable for producing biodiesel. The present work is an approach to the use of these by-products to obtain biodiesel covering the traditional and most widely used acid/base catalysis. The advantages and drawbacks of the different methods are mentioned and analysed. The synthesis and use of by-products from the vegetable oil refining industry are covered in this work.
Design and Optimization of Nonuniformly Spaced Longitudinal Slot Arrays

A new numerical method is presented for the design and optimization of linear arrays of nonuniformly spaced longitudinal slots on the broad wall of rectangular waveguides, based on the Method of Least Squares (MLS). Elliott’s design theory for travelling-wave-fed slot arrays is extended to nonuniformly spaced slots. As a common approach in MLS, an error function is formulated according to the design goals (namely the input impedance matching and pattern synthesis) and then minimized with respect to the design parameters (namely slot lengths, offsets, spacings and excitations). Having the slot parameters, one can design a linear slot array which accounts for the desired input impedance matching and array pattern. This approach has the advantage of combining the “nonuniform pattern synthesis”, which includes the external mutual coupling and element pattern of slots, with “impedance matching” and “calculation of the array parameters”. This procedure increases the design speed as well as synthesizing any desired pattern. The MLS design results and those obtained by HFSS simulation software are in good agreement and verify the accuracy of the proposed method.
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models and the Dynamic Structure of the Athens Stock Exchange

Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) models have been applied in modeling the relation between conditional variance and asset risk premium. The most important theoretical regularities that govern the dynamic structure of financial time series are presented. A model named Exponential E-GARCH in Mean tests their validity in Athens Stock Exchange. The model fits well in Greek Stock Market, from 31 July 1987 to 30 July 1999, and provides empirical evidence on theoretical regularities. We find evidence for the existence of a positive trade-off (possible non-linear) between stock returns and volatility, the absence of “leverage effects”, the thick tailed stock returns distribution, the slower rate information accumulation when the market is closed than when it is open, the existence of positive non-synchronous trading effects and the existence of a long-term memory pattern in stock returns.
Visual recognition and classification of videos using deep convolutional neural networks

Classification of videos based on its content is one of the challenging and significant research problems. In this paper, a simple and efficient model is proposed for classification of sports videos using deep learned convolution neural networks. In the proposed research, the gray scale variants of image frames are employed for classification process through convolution technique at varied levels of abstraction by adapting it through a sequence of hidden layers. The image frames considered for classification are obtained after the duplicate frame elimination and each frame is further rescaled to dimension 120x240. The sports videos categories used for experimentation include badminton, football, cricket and tennis which are downloaded from various sources of google and YouTube. The classification in the proposed method is performed with Deep Convolution Neural Networks (DCNN) with around 20 filters each of size 5x5 with around stride length of2 and its outcomes are compared with Local Binary Patterns (LBP), Bag of Words Features (BWF) technique. The SURF features are extracted from the BWF technique and further 80% of strongest feature points are employed for clustering the image frames using K-Means clustering technique with an average accuracy achieved of about 87% in classification. The LBF technique had produced an average accuracy of 73% in differentiating one image frame to other whereas the DCNN had shown a promising outcome with accuracy of about 91% in case of 40% training and 60% test datasets, 99% accuracy in case of 60% training an 40% test datasets. The results depict that the proposed method outperforms the image processing-based techniques LBP and BWF.
Silkworm Baculovirus Expression System for Molecular Medicine

The characterization of immunologically or biologically relevant proteins is prerequisite for the development of effective drugs or therapies. Since large amounts of proteins are often required for this purpose, more effective expression systems for recombinant human proteins must be developed. Among the various expression systems, the baculovirus expression system (BEVS) is an attractive tool with certain advantages for high-level expression and post-translational modifications. The silkworm BEVS utilizes silkworm larvae or pupae as bioreactors programmed by recombinant Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) or bacmid DNA. Recombinant human protein production is generally higher in silkworm BEVS than insect cell line BEVS. In addition, transgenic silkworm technology has been developed for stable recombinant protein expression. In this review, we introduce the use of this silkworm BEVS for two human proteins that are potential targets for drug development, the ectodomains of immunoreceptors (i.e. IL-4Ra, IL13Ra, KIR2DL1 and Fas) and guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) coupled receptors (GPCR) (i.e. μ-opioid receptor and nociceptin receptor). These proteins were successfully expressed in the silkworm BEVS, showing the advantages in both the expression level and simpler manipulation, as compared to other systems. The silkworm BEVS is expected to be convenient for recombinant protein production for molecular medical studies.
Energy Aware and Anonymous Location Based Efficient Routing Protocol

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) uses anonymous routing protocols that hide node identities and routes from outside observers in order to provide anonymity protection. However the existing routing protocols produces high cost. To provide High anonymity protection with low cost in MANET, we proposed Energy Aware ALERT (Anonymous Location Based Efficient Routing Protocol). It consider the energy level of each node in the network, and chooses a node which has highest energy as a intermediate relay node to increase the life time of the network and also provides secured anonymity protection to the source, destination and Routes. In energy-aware ALERT protocol E-GPSR is used to choose a high level energy node as a intermediate relay node. Experimental results exhibit consistency with the theoretical analysis, and show that Energy-aware ALERT achieves better route anonymity protection with lower cost compared to other anonymous routing protocols. Also, Energy-aware ALERT achieves comparable routing efficiency to the E-GPSR geographical routing protocol.
Maternal dietary intake and its associated socio demographic factors: evidence from Lahore, Pakistan.

Background: In developing countries, maternal under-nutrition is one of the causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Good maternal nutritional status, resulting from long term dietary intake; also has great implications for neonatal health. The current study aimed at assessing the dietary intake of pregnant women and its associated socio demographic factors in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: In a cross sectional survey 82 pregnant women were approached in a purposely selected tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan at the beginning of second trimester. Participants aged 19-45 years, were enrolled consecutively after taking written informed consent. Socio-demographics were recorded by a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Maternal dietary intake was assessed by 24-hr Recall and Food Frequency Checklist. Data was collected from April-September 2013. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Mean age of the participants was 26 years, mean height was 157 cm, mean weight was 70 kg and mean BMI was 28.5 kg/m2. Self report decrease in dietary intake was 48% (n=39), while 33% (n=47) reported an increase and 62% (n=51) reported to be moderately active. Food frequency checklist revealed that chapatti was the staple; and 98% (n=81) consumed it daily. Data analysis of 24 hour recall highlighted that 98% (n=81) were unable to fulfill their caloric requirements. 91.5% (n=75) of the participants were consuming inadequately from vegetable group, 73.2% (n=60) from milk group, 63.3% (n=52) from fruit group, 26.8% (n=22) from cereal group and 25.3% (n=21) from meat group. Among age, education, employment, parity and income, it was revealed that age less than 24 years was associated with inadequate intake of all food groups and calories except meat intake although the association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was concluded that dietary intake of pregnant women in Pakistan is far from satisfactory. Antenatal nutritional counseling and mass media campaigns can be helpful in raising awareness.
Application of local community detecting Algorithm in citation network

Citation network is a complex network composed of literature and literature citation relationships. To such a large-scale network, it is difficult to detect the global community. On the other hand, there are more concerned with the situations local information than global information. Based on DBLP citation network, after cleaning data, a local community detecting algorithm is applied to find corresponding research group. The core literature and the community including it can be obtained by this algorithm. And then, the research direction and association leader of this community can be discovered according to the titles and authors of the core literature.
Numerical analysis of hydrogen-assisted rolling-contact fatigue of wind turbine bearings

Offshore wind parks at locations further from the shore often involve serious difficulties, e.g. the maintenance. The bearings of offshore wind turbines are prone to suffer hydrogen-assisted rolling-contact fatigue (HA-RCF). Three important aspects linked with bearing failures are being extensively researched: (i) rolling contact fatigue (RCF), (ii) influence of carbide particles on fatigue life, and (iii) local microplastic strain accumulation via ratcheting. However, there is no reference related to bearing failure in harsh environment. This way, this paper helps to gain a better understanding of the influence of hydrogen on the service life of offshore wind turbine bearings through a numerical study. So, the widely used RCF ball-on-rod test was simulated by finite element method in order to obtain the stress-strain state inside the bearings during life in service and, from this, to elucidate the potential places where the hydrogen could be more harmful and, therefore, where the bearing material should be improved.