Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the LLC Resonant Converter Operating at Constant Switching Frequency by Interleaving Technique Using SCC

The LLC resonant converter operating at a constant switching frequency by interleaving technique has been analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The LLC resonant converter has the advantages of higher efficiency, higher power density, and lower cost. It can be operated at no load conditions and at resonance for nominal input voltage. The load sharing problem of the LLC resonant converter has been overcome by SCC (Switch Controlled Capacitor). In interleaving technique, the LLC resonant converter operates at all stages at the same switching frequency for the purpose of current ripple cancellation. It has been proposed to reduce the switching losses and voltage ripple by using a PI filter.
Misreporting Month of Birth: Implications for Nutrition Research

Height-for-age z-scores (HAZs) and stunting status (HAZ<−2) are widely used to measure child nutrition and population health. However, accurate measurement of age is nontrivial in populations with low levels of literacy and numeracy, limited use of formal birth records, and weak cultural norms surrounding birthdays and calendar use. In this paper we use Demographic and Health Surveys data from 62 countries over the period 1990–2014 to describe two statistical artifacts indicative of misreporting of age. The first artifact consists of lower HAZs for children reported to be born earlier in each calendar year (resulting in implausibly large HAZ gaps between January- and December-born children), which is consistent with some degree of randomness in month of birth reporting. The second artifact consists of lower HAZs for children with a reported age just below a round age (and hence implausibly large HAZ gaps between children with reported ages just below and just above round ages), which is consistent with survey respondents rounding ages down more than they round ages up. Using simulations, we show how these forms of misreporting child age can replicate observed patterns in the data, and that they have small impacts on estimated rates of stunting but important implications for research that relies on birth timing to identify exposure to various risks, particularly seasonal shocks. Moreover, the misreporting we identify differs from conventional age-heaping concerns, implying that the metrics described above could constitute useful markers of measurement error in nutrition surveys. Future research should also investigate ways to reduce these errors.
Genetic structure of a Colombian cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) collection by means of microsatellite markers

The cape gooseberry ( Physalis peruviana L.), a fruit species cultivated in the Andes, is one of the major fruit exports of Colombia. We hypothesized that the Andean cordilleras in Colombia play a role in structuring the genetic diversity of this crop. For addressing this hypothesis, a set of 85 Colombian cape gooseberry accessions from different departments and cordilleras was analyzed by means of 15 SSR markers. AMOVA, clustering and Bayesian analyses were applied. The results showed the presence of two major groups related to geography: one consisting of cultivated and non-cultivated accessions from the eastern Andes (Norte de Santander, Santander, Boyaca and Cundinamarca) and the other one consisting of cultivated and non-cultivated accessions from the central and western Andes (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca and Narino). The genetic relationships between the accessions suggested that the movement of cape gooseberry seeds may be more frequent between neighboring regions, thus explaining the existence of these two major groups. The results also showed lower levels of genetic diversity in this sample (H E =0.223), as compared to other Physalis species and other studies on the cape gooseberry that used different molecular markers. It is recommended that future evaluation studies include both cultivated and non-cultivated genotypes from the two major groups detected in this study in order to better represent the genetic diversity available in this crop.
Sources of Information about Dietary Fibre: A Cross-Country Survey

Dietary fibre (DF) is recognized as a major determinant for improvement of health. Hence the means of information through which people become aware of its benefits are crucial and this work aimed at studying the sources of information about DF. Factors such as age, gender, level of education, living environment or country were evaluated as to their effect on the selection of sources and preferences. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 6010 participants from 10 countries. For the analysis were used descriptive statistics, crosstabs and chi square test, and factor analysis with Varimax rotation. The results showed that mostly the information about DF comes from the internet, but the participants recognize that television might be a most suitable way to disseminate information about DF. The results also indicated differences between age groups, genders, levels of education, living environments and countries. The internet, the preferred source of information, got highest scores for Hungary, for urban areas, for university level of education and for female gender. The radio, the least scored source of information, was preferred in Egypt, for men and with lower education (primary school). As a conclusion, people get information through the internet due to easy access. However, it is to some extent a risk given the impossibility to control de information made public on the internet. The role of health centers and hospitals as well as schools should definitely be increased, as a responsible way to ensure correct information.
The role of convection, overshoot, and gravity waves for the transport of dust in M dwarf and brown dwarf atmospheres

Observationally, spectra of brown dwarfs indicate the presence of dust in their atmospheres while theoretically it is not clear what prevents the dust from settling and disappearing from the regions of spectrum formation. Consequently, standard models have to rely on ad hoc assumptions about the mechanism that keeps dust grains aloft in the atmosphere. We apply hydrodynamical simulations to develop an improved physical understanding of the mixing properties of macroscopic flows in M dwarf and brown dwarf atmospheres, in particular of the influence of the underlying convection zone. We performed 2D radiation hydrodynamics simulations including a description of dust grain formation and transport with the CO5BOLD code. The simulations cover the very top of the convection zone and the photosphere including the dust layers for effective temperatures between 900K and 2800K, all with logg=5 assuming solar chemical composition. Convective overshoot occurs in the form of exponentially declining velocities with small scale heights, so that it affects only the region immediately above the almost adiabatic convective layers. From there on, mixing is provided by gravity waves that are strong enough to maintain thin dust clouds in the hotter models. With decreasing effective temperature, the amplitudes of the waves become smaller but the clouds become thicker and develop internal convective flows that are more efficient in mixing material than gravity waves. The presence of clouds leads to a highly structured appearance of the stellar surface on short temporal and small spatial scales. We identify convectively excited gravity waves as an essential mixing process in M dwarf and brown dwarf atmospheres. Under conditions of strong cloud formation, dust convection is the dominant self-sustaining mixing component.
Relative Expression Profile of AA Genotype of BMP4 Gene in Broiler and Layer Chicken

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene is primarily involved in regulation of bone development and is considered as positive regulator for osteogenesis. The objectives of the study were to explore the polymorphism of BMP4 gene and to determine the expression profile of the predominant genotype observed in broiler (81%) and layer (95%). PCR-SSCP revealed differential pattern with AA genotype being most frequent over AB and AC genotypes. The fast-growing birds displayed higher magnitudes of growth traits over their counter layers. The mRNA expression level was relatively higher in broiler at day 42 and in layer on day 1 and lower on day 28 of both the lines. Significant difference (p≤0.05) in gene expression was observed during different stages of growth in layer line only. It can be concluded that the BMP4 gene was polymorphic and the mRNA expression varied distinctly over different developmental stages of juvenile period in broiler and layer chicken.
A Novel Data Analysis Service Oriented Architecture Using R Statistics Engine

Making quality business decisions relies on the efficiency of data analysis processes. There are many existing Business Intelligence (BI) software products providing rich features to simplify the data analysis processes, but serving statistical purpose as effective and flexible as GNU-R (R) is rare. R is a highly extensible language and runtime environment providing a variety of statistical and graphical features. In enterprise environments, software records business activities in various forms such as files, database, and streaming data. Currently analysts conduct the data analysis in an offline mode using statistical software; it means that the analysts are manually (1) extracting the desired data; (2) storing extracted data into files; (3) manipulating the software; (4) drawing analytical results, and (5) making the inferences. Automating the statistical procedures—by directly extracting the data—will expedite the decision-making sooner and less costly. It is a common practice that enterprises build applications under Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) to achieve their operation excellence. This paper proposes a service-
Evolution of the Pore Size Distribution in Nanoporous Alumina Membranes with Anodization Voltage in Oxalic Acid

The effect of voltage on nanopores formed via electrochemical anodization of high purity Aluminum was investigated. The electrochemical bath consisted of a 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte. A platinum electrode was used as the counter-electrode, and an aluminum sheet as the anode. The anodization process was carried out at a temperature of 7 ° C at various voltages ranging from 30 to 55V. It was observed that during the anodizing process, both the current density and the nanopore size increase as the applied voltage increases. The morphology and the distribution of nanopores were analyzed by SEM (Scanning electron microscope). It was found that mean pore diameter increased from 43 to 100 nm as the voltage is increased from 30 to 55 V. the polydispersity of the pore size was found to be minimum at 40 V.
Detection of Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Identification of Associated Nematodes in South Texas

Abstract This study reports a survey conducted to find the South American palm weevil Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) and the red palm weevil R. ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), 2 invasive species of palm trees. The study was performed in the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas and near the border with Tamaulipas state, Mexico. A total of 40 traps were inspected biweekly from 26 Sep 2011 to 20 Sep 2012 and 4 traps were inspected from 20 Sep 2012 to 4 Sep 2013. To attract R. palmarum and R. ferrugineus, the lures 2-methylhept-5-en- 4-ol and 4-methyl-5-nonanol were used, respectively. We used these lures in combination with sugar and the ethyl acetate aggregation kairomone for both species, plus an ethylene glycol kill solution. Two specimens of R. palmarum were found and identified next to a commercial palm plantation on 11 Mar and 5 May 2012 near the city of Alamo, Texas, but no R. ferrugineus was detected during the entire study. Nematodes found in the 2 R. palmarum specimens were dauer juveniles of the order Rhabditida, and in one of these weevils only 1 nematode of an undetermined species within the family Aphelenchoididae was found. It is of great importance that Bursaphelenchus cocophilus Cobb Baujard (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchinae), the nematode causal agent of coconut red ring disease, was not found within these insects. This is the first detection of R. palmarum in Texas, and the second in the United States.
Market response to the addition and deletion of participation index : evidence from Turkey

This paper investigates the impact of index additions (deletions) on the stock price and trading volume of the Participation-30 Index in Turkey, over the period April 2011 – June 2015, by using event study methodology. Results show that stock prices generally respond negatively to index additions and positively to index deletions during the research periods. Trading volumes of added and deleted stocks are affected positively in the announcement day; while the effective day exhibits the exact opposite behaviour. According to our findings, results of Participation-30 Index in Turkey are similar to the non-Muslim countries’ results found in the previous studies.
The structure of the thermally bistable and turbulent atomic gas in the local interstellar medium

This paper is a numerical study of the condensation of the warm neutral medium (WNM) into cold neutral medium (CNM) structures under the effect of turbulence and thermal instability. It addresses the specific question of the CNM formation in the physical condition of the local interstellar medium (ISM). We use the properties of the H i deduced from observations and theoretical work to constrain the physical conditions in the WNM. Using low resolution simulations we explored the impact of the WNM initial density and properties of the turbulence (stirring in Fourier with a varying mix of solenoidal and compressive modes) on the cold gas formation to identify the parameter space that is compatible with the well established observational constraints of the H i in the local ISM. Two sets of initial conditions that match the observed quantity of CNM in mass were selected to produce high resolution simulations (10243) that allowed the properties of the produced dense structures to be studied in detail. We show that for typical values of the density, pressure and velocity dispersion of the WNM in the solar neighborhood, the turbulent motions of the H i cannot provoke the phase transition from WNM to CNM, regardless of their amplitude and their distribution in solenoidal and compressive modes. On the other hand, a quasi-isothermal increase in WNM density of a factor of 2 to 4 is enough to induce the phase transition, leading to the transition of about 40% of the gas to the cold phase within 1 Myr. This suggests that turbulence only induces the formation of the CNM when the WNM is pressured and put in a thermally unstable state. At the same time turbulence is regulating the formation of the CNM by preventing some of the WNM from moving toward the cold phase; indeed, tests performed on decaying simulations have shown that the fraction of CNM increases slowly in the decaying phase. In general, these results show that turbulence is playing a key role in the structure of the cold medium. The high resolution simulations show that the velocity field shows evidence of subsonic turbulence with a 2D power spectrum following a power law (P(k) ∝ k-2.4) close to Kolmogorov (P(k) ∝ k-2.67), while the density is highly contrasted with a significantly shallower 2D power spectrum (P(k) ∝ k-1.3), reminiscent of what is observed in the cold ISM. The cold structures denser than 5 cm-3 are characterized by power laws, M ∝ L2.25 and σ( | v | ) ∝ L0.41, that are similar to the ones observed in molecular clouds. The CNM structures are sub- or transonic, and their dynamic is tighly coupled to the WNM velocity field with a clump-to-clump velocity dispersion close to the velocity dispersion of the WNM. From this we conclude that suprathermal linewidth for CNM, inferred from 21 cm observations, might be the result of relative velocity between cold structures along the line of sight.
Multiple Gene Markers to Understand Genetic Diversity in the Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Species Complex

Abstract The analysis of sequence variation in the mitochondrial and ribosomal regions has been shown to provide an efficient method for the identification of species in a wide range of animal taxa. In order to assess its effectiveness in the discrimination of genetic groups of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex, populations from ten cotton cultivars were analyzed. MtCOI, and ITS1 sequences were evaluated to find out the genetic diversity through phylogenetic methods, viz., maximum likelihood and network neighbor-net analysis. Analysis of mtCOI-1 or barcoding region did not reveal significant variation. On the contrary, the mtCOI-II region revealed the presence of three B. tabaci genetic groups or subgroups corresponded with the global data. However, the ITS1 region could not discriminate these groups of the species complex. Our results indicate that more than the barcoding and ITS1 regions, mtCOI-II region or 3′ end of the gene will be more appropriate for the identification of variations among the populations of B. tabaci species complex.
Probing FSR star cluster candidates in bulge/disc directions with 2MASS colour–magnitude diagrams

We analyse 20 star cluster candidates projected mostly in the bulge direction (|� | < 60 ◦ ). The sample contains all candidates in that sector classified by Froebrich, Scholz & Raftery with quality flags denoting high probability of being star clusters. Bulge contamination in the colour‐magnitude diagrams (CMDs) is in general important, while at lower Galactic latitudes disc stars contribute as well. Properties of the candidates are investigated with Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) CMDs and stellar radial density profiles (RDPs) built with field star decontaminated photometry. To uncover the nature of the structures we decontaminate the CMDs from field stars using tools that we previously developed to deal with objects in dense fields. We confirm in all cases excesses in the RDPs with respect to the background level, as expected from the method the candidates were originally selected. CMDs and RDPs taken together revealed six open clusters, five uncertain cases that require deeper observations, while nine objects are possibly field density fluctuations.
A Supervised Approach for Automatic Web Documents Topic Extraction Using Well-Known Web Design Features

The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient method for identification of web document topics which is often considered as one of the debatable challenges in many information retrieval systems. Most of the previous works have focused on analyzing the entire text using time-consuming methods and also many of them have used unsupervised approaches to identify the main topic of documents. However, in this paper, it is attempted to exploit the most widely-used Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) features to extract topics from web documents using a supervised approach. Hiring an interactive crawler, we firstly try to analyze HTML structures of 5000 webpages in order to identify the most widely-used HTML features. In the next step, the selected features of 1500 webpages are extracted using the same crawler. Suitable topics are given to each web document by users in a supervised learning process. A topic modeling technique is used over extracted features to build four classifiersC4.5, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes and Maximum Entropywhich are separately adopted to train and test our data. The results of classifiers are compared and the high accurate classifier is selected. In order to examine our approach in a larger scale, a new set of 3500 web documents is evaluated using the selected classifier. Results show that the proposed system provides remarkable performance which is able to obtain 71.8% recognition rate.
The Role of Knowledge in Intelligent Agents

Artificial intelligence systems embedded in a world of big data, enriched by learning can theoretically extend their knowledge infinitely. However, the computational e ciency of an artificial intelligence system highly depends on the size of its knowledge base as well as the complexity of its inferencing mechanisms. Bounded capacity of the mind is a well-known problem in human cognition and psychology, as well. In an interdisciplinary research program, intentional forgetting as mean for knowledge dynamics is in question to address these limitations. The AdaptPRO project focuses on intentional forgetting in context of human and multiagent teams. In this paper we investigate the specific aspects of knowledge dynamics and their implications on intentional forgetting in multiagent systems, i.e., in intelligent agents as their constituting elements. Therefore, the knowledge structure within and knowledge distribution between agents are discussed. While the dynamics of increasing the amount of available knowledge or for updating information are widely researched, reducing the amount of available knowledge is rarely discussed. We analyze the requirements for integrating intentional forgetting within intelligent agents and propose a first specification with focus on actionand plan-related knowledge.
High Genetic Differentiation among European White Oak Species ( Quercus spp.) at a Dehydrin Gene

Dehydryn genes are involved in plant response to environmental stress and may be useful to examine functional diversity in relation to adaptive variation. Recently, a dehydrin gene (DHN3) was isolated in Quercus petraea and showed little differentiation between populations of the same species in an altitudinal transect. In the present study, inter- and intraspecific differentiation patterns in closely related and interfertile oaks were investigated for the first time at the DHN3 locus. A four-oak-species stand ( Quercus frainetto Ten., Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. , Q. pubescens Willd. , Q. robur L. ) and two populations for each of five white oak species ( Q. frainetto Ten., Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. , Q. pubescens Willd. , Q. robur L. and Q. pedunculiflora K. Koch) were analyzed. Three alleles shared by all five oak species were observed. However, only two alleles were present in each population, but with different frequencies according to the species. At population level, all interspecific pairs of populations showed significant differentiation, except for pure Q. robur and Q. pedunculiflora populations. In contrast, no significant differentiation (p > 0.05) was found among conspecific populations. The DHN3 locus proved to be very useful to differentiate Q. frainetto and Q. pubescens from Q. pedunculiflora (F ST = 0.914 and 0.660, respectively) and Q. robur (F ST = 0.858 and 0.633, respectively). As expected, the lowest level of differentiation was detected between the most closely related species, Q. robur and Q. pedunculiflora (F ST = 0.020). Our results suggest that DHN3 can be an important genetic marker for differentiating among European white oak species.
A comparison of electron density from Hirshfeld-atom refinement, X-ray wavefunction refinement and multipole refinement on three urea derivatives

Electron density distributions of three urea derivatives N-methylurea, N-phenylurea and N,N′-diphenylurea were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. High-resolution data were measured with synchrotron radiation. Data were subjected to a multipole refinement using the Hansen–Coppens multipole model, to Hirshfeld-atom refinement with and without a surrounding cluster of point charges/dipoles and to X-ray wavefunction refinement. Electron density distributions were evaluated in terms of deformation and residual electron density plots as well as bond critical points, atomic volumes and charges as defined in Bader's Theory of Atoms In Molecules. Given a sufficiently extended basis-set Hirshfeld-atom refinement yields results superior to multipole model refinements; best figures of merit were achieved by X-ray wavefunction refinement. Results indicate how conventional crystallographic studies can be systematically improved.