Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of different carbohydrates as dietary energy source for the mud crab Scylla serrata megalopa

The study was conducted to determine the type of dietary carbohydrate source essential for the survival, molting, efficient growth and body protein content of the megalopa larvae of mud crab Scylla serrata. Following a completely randomize design, eighty (80) S. serrata megalopa larvae were fed diets containing different carbohydrate sources: (i) starch, (ii) sucrose, (iii) glucose and (iv) dextrin until they were able to molt into the crab instar I stage. The feeding trial results showed no significant difference (p<0.05) in the survival, weight gain and protein efficiency ratio of the megalopa receiving the diets with different carbohydrate sources. On the other hand, early occurrence of molting and higher body protein content was observed in megalopa fed with the starch containing diet. Crab larvae require carbohydrate as energy source and as an precursor of chitin formation in the shell. With respect to survival and growth performance, present results indicate that complex carbohydrate (starch) is the best form of carbohydrate to promote better survival, molting and growth performance of S. serrata megalopa. The present findings suggest the utilization of complex starch as an energy source in the formulation of diets for the megalopa larvae of mud crab, Scylla serrata.
BEAM-BEAM SIMULATION STUDIES OF CESR-c AND OBSERVATIONS IN CESR

CESR-c is a possible modification of CESR to operate in a beam energy range of 1.5 to 2.5 GeV for charm, QCD, and tau physics. Control of the horizontal emittance, energy spread, and synchrotron radiation damping at these low energies requires the installation of new wiggler magnets. We present the results of beambeam simulations for CESR-c using the ODYSSEUS strong-strong simulation code. Evidence of a coherent beam-beam effect is seen. 1 CESR-c: AN ee – FACTORY FOR CHARM AND QCD PHYSICS CESR-c is a proposed ee factory for charm and QCD physics based on CESR [1]. To be able to run at energies as low as 1.55 GeV and as high as the 5.3 GeV energy used by CESR for Υ(4s) physics and synchrotron radiation, significant modifications of CESR are needed. These are: • Replacement of the present permanent magnet IR quads with superconducting quads (including a short, vertically focusing permanent magnet nosepiece) to expand the operating energy range and lower βy at the interaction point. • An upgrade of the rf cavity complement to shorten the bunch length so that it is compatible with lower βy. • Installation of ~18 m of 2.1 Tesla wiggler magnets to control emittance and damping. The control of horizontal emittance through the use of wiggler magnets is necessary to maintain a high bunch current without exceeding the maximum beam-beam parameter that the beams can tolerate. The luminosity, written in terms of horizontal emittance εx and limiting beam-beam parameters ξx and ξy, is:
Does it really matter how a firm diversifies ? Assets-in-place diversification versus options-based diversification

This paper analyzes whether the valuation effect of corporate diversification depends on how this strategy is implemented. According to the real options approach, two extreme diversification patterns may be identified: one based on full exercise of available options (an assets-in-place diversification), and another aimed at seeding multiple growth options in subsequent businesses (options-based diversification). We propose an index to approximate the distance to these two diversification patterns and we explore its impact on firms’ value for a sample of U.S. firms during 1998-2010. We find that as a firm’s diversification approaches an options-based pattern, it becomes a more value-enhancing strategy. JEL classification: L25, G32, D22, C34
eview verwintering of herbaceous plants in a changing climate . Still more uestions than answers

The increase in surface temperature of the Earth indicates a lower risk of exposure for temperate grassland and crop to extremely low temperatures. However, the risk of low winter survival rate, especially in higher latitudes may not be smaller, due to complex interactions among different environmental factors. For example, the frequency, degree and length of extreme winter warming events, leading to snowmelt during winter increased, affecting the risks of anoxia, ice encasement and freezing of plants not covered with snow. Future climate projections suggest that cold acclimation will occur later in autumn, under shorter photoperiod and lower light intensity, which may affect the energy partitioning between the elongation growth, accumulation of organic reserves and cold acclimation. Rising CO2 levels may also disturb the cold acclimation process. Predicting problems with winter pathogens is also very complex,
Detection and Relationship among Begomoviruses from Five Different Host Plants, Based on ELISA and Western Blot Analysis

Five different species of plants were found infected with begomoviruses in and around the cotton fields in Punjab, Pakistan. Only Solanum yellow leaf curl virus (SYLCV) infecting Solanum nigrum was mechanically transmissible to Nicotiana benthamiana . However, all the five were graft transmissible. All the virus isolates were found to be serologically related to african cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) when analyzed using western blot. The use of indirect ELISA was necessary for accurate serotyping. The serological reactivities of particles of all the virus isolates were reliable and consistent regardless of the host factor, from which they were extracted. On the basis of the serological differentiation indexes (SDI) using polyclonal antisera, three isolates have been delineated as distinct begomoviruses namely Ageratum yellow vein virus-Pakistan (AgYVV-PK), Solanum yellow leaf curl virus (SYLCV) and Eclipta prostrata yellow vein virus (EPYVV). An isolate from Zinnia elegans was confirmed as a strain of AgYVV-PK and an isolate from Capsicum annuum was identified as strain of SYLCV. On the basis of the present study it was found that AgYVV and SYLCV were more closely related to cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) than were either ACMV or EPYVV.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND FTIR ANALYSIS OF AILANTHUS TRIPHYSA LEAVES

The Present study was carried out in Ailanthus triphysa leaves to analyze the phytoconstituent and to characterize the bioactive compounds using FTIR. Extraction was carried out by maceration method with various solvents such as ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane and aqueous. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, phenol, and saponin. The FTIR analysis confirms the presence of amine (c-n), methylene (-CH2-), carboxylic acid (C=O), alkenes (C=C), alcohols (-OH) & ether (C-O-C), ester (C=O) and vinylidene (C=C). From the results obtained it has been proved that the Ailanthus triphysa leaves have many active compounds which could be separated and used for further studies like antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer and Insilco studies to determine its therapeutic values for the development of new drugs.
Identify and extract entities from bibliography references in a free text

Elsevier is the world’s largest scientific publishing company. It owns a database named Scopus that stores a multitude of scientific papers, books and manuscripts. Besides scientific documents, author’s profiles are also stored. Author’s profiles contain information such as documents published and the number of citations that an author gets on his works from other scientific publication. Sometimes scientific articles are missing or the number of citation can be lower than the author expected. There are several reasons why a scientific report is missing in the author profile or the number of a citation can be lower than expected. One of those is because the document can be out of policy and therefore not yet referenced in the database. In such cases the author can contact the Scopus customer service by email including the reference of the missing scientific document. These references are written within the text of the email using several styles and are often incomplete. Sometimes the year of publication is missing, only the first author is mentioned, or the title is not complete. Elsevier is developing a technology that aims to support the Customer Service operator to a faster understanding of the problem behind a missing scientific document record. In order to understand and automate those problems, such as automatic recognition out of policy papers, the machine has to be able to understand which documents are referenced within the text of the emails. In order to extract the right entities and retrieve the correct document mentioned in the free text, such as emails or web forms, this research project has been divided into three main steps. The first step is to identify the parts of a text that refer to a bibliographic referent, the reference text. The second step is to identify the components of a reference text or references’ entities, e.g. author name(s), title, year of publication, journal name, etc. The third step is to find a match with the referent in the text and the real document according to the components identified. All of the above have led to the following question: can each of these steps be done fully automatically using machine learning approaches in order to retrieve the correct scientific document included by the reference in the email? This report presents the answer to this question. It focuses on references’ entities recognition in emails data, considered free text. It has been found that narrowing down the problem by dividing and classifying the email’s sentences that contain the references and subsequently performing entities extraction on these sentences, it is possible to obtain a good performance in terms of the reference entities extraction. By having good accuracy on entities recognition it is possible to recognize and retrieve the corrected scientific document mentioned within an unstructured (free) text.
On the stability of dyons and dyonic black holes in Einstein–Yang–Mills theory

We investigate the stability of four-dimensional dyonic soliton and black hole solutions of su ( 2 ) ? > Einstein–Yang–Mills theory in anti-de Sitter space. We prove that, in a neighbourhood of the embedded trivial (Schwarzschild–)anti-de Sitter solution, there exist non-trivial dyonic soliton and black hole solutions of the field equations which are stable under linear, spherically symmetric, perturbations of the metric and non-Abelian gauge field.
Bi-directional seismic vibration control of spatial structures using passive mass damper consisting of compliant mechanism

Passive tuned mass damper (TMD) can be effectively used for seismic vibration control of spatial structures such as arch frames and dome structures[1]. Since these structures without flexible support structures may vibrate strongly in the normal direction of the curved roof under horizontal ground motions, the conventional mass damper system called SD-TMD (Single-Directional-TMD) has only single-degree-of-freedom and the displacement of the mass is constrained to the normal direction or vertical direction. However, when a curved spatial structure with flexible support is subjected to bi-directional ground motions, its roof structure may vibrate in both horizontal and vertical directions. For this reason, a mass damper that can control vibration in multiple directions is considered to be useful for spatial structures subjected to bi-directional ground motions. In this study, we present a new type of mass damper called BD-TMD (Bi-Directional-TMD) for passive seismic response control of spatial structures[2]. The proposed mass damper consists of a mass, three springs and a viscous damper, as shown in Figure 1, which are assembled to a threedegree-of-freedom compliant mechanism, i.e. mechanism utilising the stiffness of members that are modeled as springs. By utilizing the flexibility of springs, the movement of the mass is amplified in two directions and the vibration energy of the mass is absorbed by the viscous damper, as shown in Figure 2.
Act Annotation and Identification in a Japanese Multi-party Conversation Corpus

Identifying dialogue acts of an utterance has an important role in various tasks of natural language processing, such as dialogue systems and summarization. In this paper, we describe an annotation task of dialogue acts based on an existing tag set for a Japanese multi-party conversation corpus and evaluate agreement scores between annotators. Then, we propose a method that identifies dialogue acts for an input utterance by using the classifier’s outputs for each dialogue act tag. We apply utterance features and audio-visual features for the dialogue act classification. We also evaluate the effectiveness of our dialogue act annotation through a summarization task.
Novel Communication Strategies for Platooning and their Simulative Performance Analysis

Platooning, the act of a car autonomously following its leaders to form a road train, is a hot topic in research. It has the potential to improve traffic flow on freeways, improve safety, and enhance the driving experience. A lot of effort has been put in several projects in order to implement and test systems capable of performing close car following. While the problems related to control theory seems to be solved, some questions regarding communication are still open. Wireless networking is fundamental for this application, as it is needed to manage and maintain the platoons and, clearly, has strict requirements in terms of frequency update and delay constraints. This paper surveys the literature about platooning systems and related research, identifies some open challenges, presents a simulation framework which can be used to tackle them, and outlines promising approaches.
Effect of Self-Care Ability and Life Satisfaction on the Levels of Hope in Elderly People

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of self-care ability and life satisfaction on the levels of hope in elderly people. Methods: This study was conducted at three family health care centers in Malatya between November 20, 2014, and January 1, 2015. The study population consisted of 4181 people older than 65 years of age who were selected from 3 out of 10 family health care centers in Malatya, which were determined by lot. The sample size was determined to be 320 elderly people with 0.05 margin of error at 0.95 confidence interval, and each family health care center was accepted as a cluster. Çarmuzu Family Healthcare Center hosted 1653 elderly people, Özalper 1939 elderly people, and Tevfik Ünsalan 589 elderly people. Population weighting was performed for these clusters, and 127 elderly people were selected from Çarmuzu, 148 from Özalper, and 45 from Tevfik Ünsalan using the simple random sampling method. The data were collected using introductory information form, Self-Care Ability Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and Hope Scale. Results: A statistically positive relationship was observed between selfcare ability and life satisfaction, and self-care ability and hope. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between life satisfaction and hope. This indicated that the elderly people with good self-care ability looked to the future with hope. Conclusion: Elderly people needed the help of other people in meeting their daily self-care needs. Social support and educational programs should be developed to promote caring of the elderly people at home.
Seasonal climate forecasts of the South Asian monsoon using multiple coupled models

This study addresses seasonal climate forecasts using coupled atmosphere—ocean multimodels. Using as many as 67 different seasonal-forecast runs per season from a variety of coupled (atmosphere—ocean) models consensus seasonal forecasts have been prepared from about 4500 experiments. These include the European Center’s DEMETER (Development of a European Multi-Model Ensemble System for Seasonal to Inter-Annual Prediction) database and a suite of Florida State University (FSU) models (based on different combinations of physical parametrizations). This is one of the largest databases on coupled models. The monsoon region was selected to examine the predictability issue. The methodology involves construction of seasonal anomalies of all model forecasts for a number of variables including precipitation, 850 hPa winds, 2-m/surface temperatures, and sea surface temperatures. This study explores the skills of the ensemble mean and the FSU multimodel superensemble. The metrics for forecast evaluation include computation of hindcast and verification anomalies from model/observed climatology, time-series of specific climate indices, and standard deterministic ensemble mean scores such as anomaly correlation coefficient and root mean square error. The results were deliberately prepared to match the metrics used by European DEMETER models. Invariably in all modes of evaluation, the results from the FSU multimodel superensemble demonstrate greater skill for most of the variables tested here than those obtained in earlier studies. The specific inquiry of this study was on this question: is it going to be wetter or drier, warmer or colder than the long-term recent climatology of the monsoon; and where and when during the next season? These results are most encouraging, and they suggest that this vast database and the superensemble methodology are able to provide some useful answers to the seasonal monsoon forecast issue compared to the use of single climate models or from the conventional ensemble averaging.
BIOMASS, CARBON, AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF SECONDARY FORESTS IN A HUMID TROPICAL REGION OF MÉXICO

Tropical secondary forests have the capacity to function as large carbon and nutrient sinks and may offset losses resulting from deforestation and land use. In the heavily deforested Los Tuxtlas Region of Mexico, aboveground biomass as well as aboveground and mineral soil C, N, S, and P pools were quantified in 11 secondary forest sites. These sites ranged in age from 6 mo to 50 yr following abandonment and had experienced between 1 and 30 yr of land use prior to abandonment. Total aboveground biomass (TAGB) increased with increasing site age and ranged from 4.8 Mg/ha in a recently abandoned site to 287 Mg/ha in the 50-yr-old secondary forest site. Results indicate that secondary forests would reach TAGB levels equivalent to those of primary forests in the Los Tuxtlas Region after 73 yr. Furthermore, mean annual aboveground biomass accumulation (ABA) of secondary forests was strongly and inversely related to the duration of prior land use. Aboveground pools of C, N, S, and P were also positively correlate.
Statistical Analysis of Joystick Trajectories Master Thesis

The research field of affective computing aims to improve human-machine interaction. One of the main goals is to enable autonomous systems to recognize and adapt to human emotions. Machine learning is able to find an attribution between physiological reactions and underlying emotions. In order to provide labelled training data, human subjects annotate emotional stimuli in experimental studies. Three major challenges of the resulting continuous annotation data are: 1. Finding a suitable representation of this complex data, 2. Comparing the annotations of different subjects, 3. Combining the annotations to provide reliable ground truth for machine learning. Since previous research did not take into account the continuous nature of the annotation data, a functional data approach is introduced: Annotations are represented as smooth functions in a low-dimensional functional eigenspace. Comparison and ground truth estimation is then performed using simple statistical methods.
LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION BASED ON IMPROVED ANT COLONY ALGORITHM FOR HEPATITIS DIAGNOSIS

Many kinds of classification method are able to diagnose a patient who suffered Hepatitis disease. One of classification methods that can be used was Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM). There are two parameters that very influence to improve the classification accuracy on LSSVM, they are kernel parameter and regularization parameter. Determining the optimal parameters must be considered to obtain a high classification accuracy on LSSVM. This paper proposed an optimization method based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm (IACA) in determining the optimal parameters of LSSVM for diagnosing Hepatitis disease. IACA create a storage solution to keep the whole route of the ants. The solutions that have been stored were the value of the parameter LSSVM. There are three main stages in this study. Firstly, the dimension of Hepatitis dataset will be reduced by Local Fisher Discriminant Analysis (LFDA). Secondly, search the optimal parameter LSSVM with IACA optimization using the data training, And the last, classify the data testing using optimal parameters of LSSVM. Experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method produces high accuracy value (93.7%) for the 80-20% training-testing partition.
Chapter 1 Monolignol Biosynthesis and its Genetic Manipulation : The Good , the Bad , and the Ugly

Economic and environmental factors favor the adoption of lignocellulosic bioenergy crops for production of liquid transportation fuels. However, lignocellulosic biomass is recalcitrant to saccharification (sugar release from cell walls), and this is, at least in part, due to the presence of the phenylpropanoid-derived cell-wall polymer lignin. A large body of evidence exists documenting the impacts of lignin modification in plants. This technology can lead to improved forage quality and enhanced processing properties for trees (paper pulping) and lignocellulosic energy crops. We here provide a comprehensive review of the literature on lignin modification in plants. The pathway has been targeted through down-regulation of the expression of the enzymes of the monolignol pathway and down-regulation or over-expression of the transcription factors that control lignin biosynthesis and/or programs of secondary cell-wall development. Targeting lignin modification at some steps in the monolignol pathway can result in impairment of plant growth and development, often associated with the triggering of endogenous host-defense mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that it may be possible to decouple negative growth impacts from lignin reduction.
The development of flavivirus vaccines

�Mosquito and tick-borne flaviviruses are the causative agents of some of the world’s most important diseases, including dengue fever, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile fever. Cumulatively, these viruses cause many millions of infections each year and impose a significant burden on public health resources, particularly in developing and newly developed countries. Vaccine development to eliminate flaviviral infections has been marked by uneven progress and a large number of setbacks. To date, no single approach has proved successful in leading to vaccine development against a wide range of flaviviruses, but the application of modern techniques to the problem is opening up new avenues of approach. This review summarizes some of the developments in vaccine research aimed at inducing protective immunity against flaviviral infections.