Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact Simulation of Composite Sandwich Structures with Balsa Wood Core

The impact damage response of balsa core sandwich composite plates with S2-glass/ epoxy reinforced facesheets is evaluated by impacting them with a spherical steel projectile at single impact locations. The impact damage can significantly reduce the structural integrity and load bearing capacity of a composite structure. Under high velocity impact loading, laminated composites experience significant damage causing fiber breakage, matrix cracking and delamination. Energy absorption and delaminations from high velocity impacts with spherical projectile of . 30 caliber is discussed. Finite element modeling was used to gain insight into failure modes, energy absorption, and damage prediction. During high velocity impact, composite laminates undergo progressive damage and hence, Material Model 162, a progressive failure model based on Hashin’s criteria, has been assigned to predict failure of the laminates. The laminates, the projectiles and the balsa wood core are meshed using brick elements with single integration points. These results were then compared with experimental data obtained from three layer S-2 glass/epoxy facesheets balsa core sandwich structures. An excellent correlation between experimental and numerical results had been established.
RESOLUTION

Résumé. - Dans cet article, nous proposons, à l'aide de notre modèle d'algorithme distribué, d'effectuer une évaluation théorique du problème du multi-RendezVous. Nous proposons une règle de fonctionnement optimale qui est établie à partir d'une résolution analytique des critères d'optimalité définis à l'aide du modèle.
SOLUBILITY PARTITIONING OF C/EBPβ ON THE RAT HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR MATRIX BY HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS

The greatest part of nuclear C/EBPβ (a major 35kD protein, 30 and 38kD isoforms) was observed to partition with the nuclear matrix. Cross‐linking experiments with formaldehyde suggested that the association reflected the in situ juxtapositioning of C/EBPβ to nuclear matrix proteins in isolated nuclei. The association of C/EBPβ with the nuclear matrix resisted RNase and DNase treatment and extraction with protein sulfhydryl reducing agents combined with high ionic strength salt. C/EBPβ displayed a proclivity to extensively reassemble with the filament‐forming nuclear matrix proteins after a cycle of solubilization with urea, followed by its removal by dialysis. These findings suggest that the C/EBPβ moieties were anchored to the nuclear matrix through hydrophobic protein‐protein interactions with the lamins. Subsequent separation of nuclear matrix‐associated C/EBPβ into insoluble, reassembling, and soluble nuclear matrix protein (SNMP) fractions after a cycle of solubilization/reassembly pointed to the sub‐partitioning of C/EBPβ on the nuclear matrix. DNA affinity chromatography using the rat haptoglobin gene cis ‐element and SNMP revealed the binding of p35 during basal transcription, and p35 and p30 during elevated haptoglobin gene transcription in the course of the acute‐phase (AP) response. It was concluded that the appearance of cis ‐element‐binding p30 in the SNMP fraction resulted from its increased solubility (decreased hydrophobicity) and inability to reassociate with the lamins during urea removal. The observed solubility partitioning of C/EBPβ on the nuclear matrix framework could represent a level of control of the general availability of regulatory proteins for establishing interactions with DNA.
Lanthanum Gadolinium Oxide: A New Electronic Device Material for CMOS Logic and Memory Devices

A comprehensive study on the ternary dielectric, LaGdO3, synthesized and qualified in our laboratory as a novel high-k dielectric material for logic and memory device applications in terms of its excellent features that include a high linear dielectric constant (k) of ~22 and a large energy bandgap of ~5.6 eV, resulting in sufficient electron and hole band offsets of ~2.57 eV and ~1.91 eV, respectively, on silicon, good thermal stability with Si and lower gate leakage current densities within the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) specified limits at the sub-nanometer electrical functional thickness level, which are desirable for advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), bipolar (Bi) and BiCMOS chips applications, is presented in this review article.
Tobacco Use and Cardiovascular Disease among American Indians: The Strong Heart Study

Tobacco use among American Indians has a long and complicated history ranging from its utilization in spiritual ceremonies to its importance as an economic factor for survival. Despite this cultural tradition and long history, there are few studies of the health effects of tobacco in this population. The Strong Heart Study is a prospective observational study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 13 American Indian tribes in Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota with 4,549 participants. Baseline examinations were followed by two examinations at regular intervals and 16 years of morbidity and mortality follow-up. Hazard ratios (HRs) for non-fatal CVD for current smokers vs. non-smokers after adjusting for other risk factors were significant in women (HR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.45) and men (HR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.18). Hazard ratios for fatal CVD for current smokers vs. non-smokers after adjusting for other risk factors were significant in women (HR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.58), but not in men. Individuals who smoked and who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, hypertension or renal insufficiency were more likely to quit smoking than those without these conditions. On average, American Indians smoke fewer cigarettes per day than other racial/ethnic groups; nevertheless, the ill effects of habitual tobacco use are evident in this population.
Probabilistic map building considering sensor visibility

This paper describes a method of probabilistic obstacle map building based on Bayesian estimation. Most active or passive obstacle sensors observe only the most frontal objects and any objects behind them are occluded. Since the observation of distant places includes large depth errors, conventional methods which does not consider the sensor occlusion often generate erroneous maps. We introduce a probabilistic observation model which determines the visible objects. We first estimate probabilistic visibility from the current viewpoint by a Markov chain model based on the knowledge of the average sizes of obstacles and free areas. Then the likelihood of the observations based on the probabilistic visibility are estimated and then the posterior probability of each map grid are updated by Bayesian update rule. Experimental results show that more precise map building can be bult by this method.
Family responsibilities and domestic activities of US women physicians.

BACKGROUND Women physicians may have a multiplicity of domestic roles (eg, cook, housekeeper, child care provider) that are of inherent interest and that may affect their professional lives, but are largely unstudied. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We report data from respondents (N = 4501) to the Women Physicians' Health Study, a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study of a stratified random sample of US women MDs. RESULTS Women physicians with children aged 0 to 17 years spent a median of 24.4 hours per week on child care. Women physicians typically spent half an hour per day cooking, and another half-hour per day on other housework. Little time was spent on gardening: a median of 0.05 hours (3 minutes) per week. Those performing more domestic tasks are likely to work fewer hours outside the home and to be on call less often. Women physicians who are married or widowed, have more children, have lower personal incomes, and have more highly educated and higher-earning spouses perform more domestic activities. We found no significant adverse relationship between time spent on any domestic activity and career satisfaction or mental or physical health. CONCLUSIONS Women physicians spend little time on domestic activities that can be done for them by others, including cooking, housework, and especially gardening. Women physicians spend somewhat less time on child care and substantially less time on housework than do other US women. Despite abundant editorializing about role conflicts of women physicians, our measures of career satisfaction and mental health were not adversely affected by time spent on domestic obligations.
Contribution of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Production to the Epiphytic Fitness of Erwinia herbicola

ABSTRACT Erwinia herbicola 299R produces large quantities of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture media supplemented withl-tryptophan. To assess the contribution of IAA production to epiphytic fitness, the population dynamics of the wild-type strain and an IAA-deficient mutant of this strain on leaves were studied. Strain 299XYLE, an isogenic IAA-deficient mutant of strain 299R, was constructed by insertional interruption of the indolepyruvate decarboxylase gene of strain 299R with the xylE gene, which encodes a 2,3-catechol dioxygenase from Pseudomonas putidamt-2. The xylE gene provided a useful marker for monitoring populations of the IAA-deficient mutant strain in mixed populations with the parental strain in ecological studies. A root bioassay for IAA, in which strain 299XYLE inhibited significantly less root elongation than strain 299R, provided evidence that E. herbicola produces IAA on plant surfaces in amounts sufficient to affect the physiology of its host and that IAA production in strain 299R is not solely an in vitro phenomenon. The epiphytic fitness of strains 299R and 299XYLE was evaluated in greenhouse and field studies by analysis of changes in the ratio of the population sizes of these two strains after inoculation as mixtures onto plants. Populations of the parental strain increased to approximately twice those of the IAA-deficient mutant strain after coinoculation in a proportion of 1:1 onto bean plants in the greenhouse and onto pear flowers in field studies. In all experiments, the ratio of the population sizes of strain 299R and 299XYLE increased during periods of active growth on plant tissue but not when population sizes were not increasing with time.
Factors in Youth Physical Activity Participation: From Psychological Aspects toEnvironmental Correlates

Understanding influences on children's physical activity and how these vary by activity and subgroup, such as age and sex of the child, is important for informing the development of effective and targeted interventions. Two cohort studies were conducted across socioeconomic areas of Melbourne, Australia, between 2001 and 2008 among a combined sample of more than 2,700 children aged 5–6 years and 10–12 years at baseline. Data were collected via surveys, and children wore the Actigraph accelerometer for 8 days. Five individual, 10 social, and 17 physical environmental factors were significantly associated with children's physical activity. Patterns of association varied according to the age and sex of the child and also according to the type of activity. These studies provide some insights into the various levels of influence on children's physical activity. More longitudinal and intervention research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of change in children's physical activity behaviour.
CD2AP/CMS Regulates Endosome Morphology and Traffic to the Degradative Pathway Through its Interaction with Rab4 and c‐Cbl

The small GTPase Rab4 is involved in endocytosis through sorting and recycling early endosomes. To better understand the role of Rab4 in regulation of vesicular trafficking, we searched for effectors that specifically interact with Rab4‐Q67L, the GTP‐bound form of Rab4. We cloned an ubiquitous 80‐kDa protein, identical to CD2‐associated protein/Cas ligand with multiple SH3 domains (CD2AP/CMS), that interacts with Rab4‐Q67L in the yeast two‐hybrid system and in vitro. CD2AP/CMS expressed in mammalian cells was localized to punctate structures and along actin filaments. None of the known markers of early endosomes [Early Endosomes Antigen 1 (EEA1), Rab5 and Rab11] colocalized with the CD2AP/CMS‐positive vesicles. However, coexpression of Rab4‐Q67L with CD2AP/CMS induces a significant enlargement of EEA1‐positive early endosomes. Rab4, CD2AP/CMS and Rab7 colocalized in these modified endosomes. Coexpression of c‐Cbl and CD2AP/CMS also resulted in an enlargement of early endosomes. Using various truncated forms of CD2AP/CMS, we demonstrate that early endosomes enlargement requires that CD2AP/CMS interacts with both Rab4 and c‐Cbl. The expression of a truncated form of CD2AP/CMS that retains the ability to interact with Rab4 but not c‐Cbl inhibits ligand‐induced PDGF receptor degradation. We propose that CD2AP/CMS, through interactions with Rab4 and c‐Cbl, controls early endosome morphology and may play a role in traffic between early and late endosomes, and thus in the degradative pathway.
Assessment scales for obsessive–compulsive disorder

Numerous assessment scales have been introduced in the obsessive– compulsive disorder (OCD) literature. Such scales have considerable clinical utility because OCD is often misdiagnosed and there is a need to monitor treatment course and response. This article briefly reviews adult OCD assessment scales, specifically clinician-administered interviews and patient-report measures. The manuscript concludes with a discussion of future directions. Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a relatively common anxiety disorder affecting 1–2% of adults and children.
The relationship of sputum eosinophilia and sputum cell generation of IL-5.

BACKGROUND Eosinophil recruitment to the airway after antigen challenge is regulated by many factors, including airway cell generation of cytokines. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sputum cell generation of IL-5 and the appearance of eosinophils in the sputum after antigen challenge. METHODS Sputum samples from 11 allergic subjects were collected before and again 4 and 24 hours after antigen challenge. In 6 of these subjects, induced sputum samples were also obtained 48 hours and 7 days after challenge. Sputum leukocyte differential and cell counts and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels were determined. Sputum cells were then cultured with PHA (10 microg/mL) to stimulate IL-5 and IFN-gamma, which were measured in culture supernatants. RESULTS An increase in sputum eosinophils and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels was detected at 4 hours after antigen challenge, with peak values at 24 hours. In contrast, significant increases in ex vivo generation of IL-5 by sputum cells was not seen until 24 hours after challenge. At 24 hours, PHA-induced IL-5 correlated with airspace eosinophil values (r (s) = 0.78, P <. 01). In addition, the ratio of IFN-gamma/IL-5 decreased at 24 hours (P <.05) and had an inverse correlation with sputum eosinophils (r (s)= -0.68, P <. 05). CONCLUSION Although eosinophils are increased in the airway lumen as early as 4 hours, the ex vivo generation of IL-5 by sputum cells is first noted in samples obtained 24 hours after antigen challenge. This suggests that the early (4 hours) recruitment of eosinophils to the airway lumen may be regulated by factors other than IL-5 or that mucosal cells (rather than airspace cells) contribute to the IL-5 generation at this time point. Furthermore, IL-5 generation by airspace cells may be more responsible for either eosinophil recruitment or retention at later time points.
Translating Program Schemas to While-Schemas

While-schemas are defined as program schemas without goto statements, in which iteration is achieved using while statements. We present two translations of program schemas into equivalent while-schemas, the first one by adding extra program variables, and the second one by adding extra logical variables. In both cases we aim to preserve as much of the structure of the original program schemas as possible.We also show that, in general, any translation must add variables.
Caudate atrophy on MRI is a characteristic feature of FTLD‐FUS

Background and purpose: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) can be subdivided into those in which the abnormal protein is tau (FTLD‐TAU), the TAR DNA binding protein 43 (FTLD‐TDP) and the fused in sarcoma protein (FTLD‐FUS). We have observed severe caudate atrophy at autopsy in FTLD‐FUS, and hence, we aimed to determine whether caudate atrophy on MRI is a feature that can distinguish FTLD‐FUS from FTLD‐TDP and FTLD‐TAU.
Ensemble unsupervised feature selection based on permutation and R-value

Selecting the informative features from the high dimensional data can improve the performance of the classification and get a deep understanding of the problems. A non-problem related feature contains little information and has little influence on the data distribution. By permuting the feature and calculating the data distribution difference, how much information the feature contains could be measured. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised feature selection method (EUFSPR), which combines the ensemble technique, clustering, permutation and data distribution evaluation techniques to measure the feature importance. Clustering is adopted to get the sample groups and the data distribution is evaluated by the overlapping areas. Eight gene expression microarray datasets are utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method over the unsupervised feature selection methods and supervised feature selection methods.
Infection associated with burns.

Introduction Infection was recognized by some 19th and early 20th century workers to be an important and potentially lethal complication of severe burns (Lustgarten, 1891; Stockis, 1903). The bacterial flora of burns were studied by Pack (1926), Aldrich (1933), Cruickshank (1935), Colebrook, Duncan & Ross (1948) and others before and during the second World War, but their pathogenic importance was commonly disregarded at a time when the main interests of clinicians treating burns were directed towards shock caused by fluid loss and the more nebulous 'toxaemia' attributed to products of thermal injury. In the 1950s some of the illness loosely described as 'toxaemia' was seen to be due to bacterial infection; with the introduction of methods that were successful in the control of shock, sepsis became recognized as the main cause of death in severely burned patients (Jackson, Lowbury & Topley, 1951; Markley et al., 1957; Tumbusch et al., 1961). These fluctuations can be understood when we recall that severe burns cause a complex range of local and general pathological effects, including necrotic changes in the skin and underlying tissues which often make it hard to distinguish the added changes caused by microbial infection. At the same time it is well known that heavy colonization of most burns may occur without apparent sepsis; when sepsis does occur the patient is often very ill from other complications as well, and the infection is apt to be classed as 'opportunist'; this view is supported by the fact that some of the main pathogens (notably Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are organisms relatively harmless to healthy subjects and healthy tissues. It might be argued that extensively burned patients in this state are likely to die whether they become infected or not; but the mortality from severe burns has been reduced by successful control of such infections (Bull, 1971) showing that the presence of such infection can tip the scales against survival.
Using Naming Strategies to Make Massively Parallel Systems Work

To handle massively parallel systems and make them usable, an adaptive, application-oriented operating system is required. The application orientedness is represented by the family concept of parallel operating systems. Incremental loading of operating system services supports the family character by automatically extending the system's active object structure when it is necessary. This way, also the switching between different operating system family members may be realized. A new active object will be incrementally loaded if its invocation fails because it does not yet exist. This is noticed during object binding while using the naming services. The use of the naming system is exploited and extended to get a flexible and configurable mechanism for triggering incremental loading. This mechanism is built by the freely definable naming strategies and exceptions that result again in a family, namely a family of naming services.
Social interactions in Ambient Intelligent environments

This thesis is focussing on research into Ambient Intelligence. More specific, the thesis will focus on infrastructures, methodology and applications deployed in Ambient Intelligence research. By presenting work on those three aspects the thesis contributes to the scientific research field of Ambient Intelligence research. It should be emphasized that this does not imply that all Ambient Inteligence related research should be done within the presented infrastructures and with the presented methodology. The applications of Ambient Intelligence presented in this thesis investigate the possible role of technology to support people in maintaining social connectedness. More specific, a series of empirical studies is reported that explore the potential for Ambient Intelligent environments to support and facilitate social affiliation through technology. By positioning the human need in the center of technology development, Ambient Intelligence (described in chapter 2) is an attractive approach to application development for social affiliation. The studies reported in this thesis have in large part been conducted in the ExperienceLabs at Philips Research. These test facilities (described in chapter 4) are specifically suitable for experience research (described and illustrated with a case study in chapter 3) that requires controlled yet realistic testing environments. In a first series of experiments with awareness systems to mediate presence through silhouette representations of remote activities is investigated (see chapter 5) and mediating availability through presence information (see chapter 6). The results of these studies show that providing simple presence information can create strong feelings of social connectedness while supporting the function of availability judgements (i.e. using the presence information to estimate the availability of the remote person to engage into a conversation). Taking Ambient Intelligence (AmI) to the next level, the role of social intelligence (see the extended AmI model in chapter 2) is investigated in a controlled laboratory study and discussed in chapter 7. From this study it is learned that equipping technical systems with a level of social intelligence results in enriched and human-like interactions with the system. The scientific contribution of this thesis is in: ? A Methodological Framework for Ambient Intelligent research ? The empirical validation of Experience and Application Research Centers as scientific instruments ? Demonstration of the affective benefits of Awareness Systems ? Illustration of how social intelligence can be manifested in a Home Dialogue System ? The Assessment of Social Intelligence in a Home Dialogue System ? Illustrated the spillover effects of Social Intelligence