Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computations of fully nonlinear hydroelastic solitary waves on deep water

Abstract This paper is concerned with the two-dimensional problem of nonlinear gravity waves travelling at the interface between a thin ice sheet and an ideal fluid of infinite depth. The ice-sheet model is based on the special Cosserat theory of hyperelastic shells satisfying Kirchhoff’s hypothesis, which yields a conservative and nonlinear expression for the bending force. A Hamiltonian formulation for this hydroelastic problem is proposed in terms of quantities evaluated at the fluid–ice interface. For small-amplitude waves, a nonlinear Schrödinger equation is derived and its analysis shows that no solitary wavepackets exist in this case. For larger amplitudes, both forced and free steady waves are computed by direct numerical simulations using a boundary-integral method. In the unforced case, solitary waves of depression as well as of elevation are found, including overhanging waves with a bubble-shaped profile for wave speeds $c$ much lower than the minimum phase speed ${c}_{\mathit{min}} $ . It is also shown that the energy of depression solitary waves has a minimum at a wave speed ${c}_{m} $ slightly less than ${c}_{\mathit{min}} $ , which suggests that such waves are stable for $c\lt {c}_{m} $ and unstable for $c\gt {c}_{m} $ . This observation is verified by time-dependent computations using a high-order spectral method. These computations also indicate that solitary waves of elevation are likely to be unstable.
Dissipaton equation of motion theory versus Fokker-Planck quantum master equation

The quest of exact and nonperturbative methods on quantum dissipation with nonlinear coupling environments remains in general a great challenge. In this review we present a comprehensive account on two approaches to the entangled system-and-environment dynamics, in the presence of linear-plus-quadratic coupling bath. One is the dissipaton-equation-ofmotion (DEOM) theory that has been extended recently to treat the nonlinear coupling environment. Another is the extended Fokker-Planck quantum master equation (FP-QME) approach that will be constructed in this work, based on its DEOM correspondence. We closely compare these two approaches, with the focus on the underlying quasi-particle picture, physical implications, and implementations.
RULES OF ORIGIN AS A STRATEGIC POLICY TOWARDS MULTINATIONAL FIRMS

This paper investigates how rules of origin imposed on a vertically integrated multinational firm’s subsidiary affect output and welfare under a Cournot competition. Two types of rules are investigated: one requiring the multinational firm’s subsidiary a minimum ratio of expenditures on its domestic intermediate inputs to those on its total intermediate inputs, and the other requiring a minimum ratio of the subsidiary’s expenditures on domestic components to its total revenue. It is shown that both types of rules lead the multinational firm to shift their component factories from the source country to the host country. However, they may have the opposite effects on output of the final good. Furthermore, when the domestic firm has higher marginal cost than the multinational firm’s subsidiary, the second type of rule of origin can increase both domestic and foreign welfare.
Fish-habitat associations in the region offshore from James price point - a rapid assessment using baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS)

A "snapshot" of the fish-habitat associations in the vicinity of James Price Point was obtained during a single expedition in October 2009, when Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (BRUVS) were deployed in coastal waters to survey the demersal and semi-demersal ichthyofauna. A total of 7108 individuals from 116 species of fishes, sharks, rays and sea snakes were recorded from 154 sites. Bony fishes were represented by 8 orders, and cartilaginous fishes were well represented by the Carcharhiniformes, Rajiformes and Orectolobiformes. There were 2 species of hydrophiid sea snakes. Multivariate analysis showed that species responded to the amount of epibenthic cover in the study area and that there was an interaction between depth and sediment composition, as well as depth and epibenthic cover, in defining four fish assemblages to the north and south of James Price Point. Diversity appeared to increase with depth amongst these assemblages. The sandy seabed offshore from James Price Point was inhabited by a "deep sandy" fish assemblage, which intruded inshore across the study area, and was characterised by the presence of ponyfish (Leiognathus), threadfin bream (Nemipterus) and queenfish (Scomberoides). On either side were shallow, northern and deeper, southern, assemblages inhabiting "gardens" of macroalgae, filter-feeders and some seagrass beds. These epibenthic habitats at the northern and southern ends of the survey area were clearly important to many species, but in general there appeared to be little association of particular vertebrate species or biotic habitat types with the James Price Point area itself. The study area was notable for the diversity and abundance of the fauna, given the shallow depth, lack of rugose seafloor topography and lack of sub-tidal coral reefs in the area sampled. Coarse comparison with the fauna at similar distance to shore in similar latitudes in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, the Burrup Peninsula and the Kimberley indicated that the study area had more small pelagic planktivores and more large semi-demersal predators. There was also an absence of some species normally associated with muddy seafloors and fringing coral reefs that are common on BRUVS set elsewhere in regions with less extreme tidal ranges. © Royal Society of Western Australia 2011.
Direct measurement of interatomic force gradients using an ultra-low amplitude AFM

Interatomic force gradients between a W tip and a 7x7 reconstructed Si(111) surface were measured using an off-resonance, ultra-low amplitude AFM technique. The amplitudes used were less than 1 A (peak-to-peak) which allowed direct measurement of the interaction force gradients as a function of separation. The force gradient curves are shown to consist of an attractive van-der-Waals part and shortrange attractive and repulsive interactions. The van-der-Waals background can be subtracted, leaving a short range interaction with an energy parameter of 1.9–3.4 eV and an interaction length scale of 0.54–1.26 A characteristic of a single atomic bond. This correlates well with our observation of single atom resolved force gradient images. In general, the interaction is reversible up to the zero-intercept of the force gradient (inflection point of the energy). Beyond this point hysteresis tends to be observed and the onset of inelastic deformation can be clearly discerned. An analysis of the atomic scale contact gives reasonable values for the interfacial energy, yield strength, and the energy per atom needed to initiate plastic deformation.
Informal Street Food Trade: A Source of Income Generation in Urban Nepal

Street food trade is a growing sector in many developing countries, Nepal among them. As a means to provide low-cost food to a growing urban population of poor, unemployed people and low-wageworkers, street food trade –a predominantly self and family-based activity – has become an opportunity to generate income for many among those same urban poor living in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. On the basis of cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 50 street food vendors in two main areas of the city – namely New Bus Park and Ratna Park – this chapter analyzes the determinants affecting street food vendors’ income: whether it is correlated to vendors’ investment rates, education level, and labor supply, thus attempting to find employment and income patterns. Data are analyzed using OLS regression, and STATA- 12 statistical software. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23 & 24 No. 1-2 (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 1-17
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Analytic Therapy on the Severity of Symptoms in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A B S T R A C T Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder at clinical levels has elevated symptoms that result in deteriorated psycho-social functions. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive analytic therapy on symptoms severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: This exploratory empirical study was a clinical trial that used quasiexperimental design to systemically investigate the differences in the obsessivecompulsive symptoms before and after one psychotherapeutic intervention. Twenty patients with obsessive compulsive disorder were chosen among patients who resided in Ravan-Sabz Center of Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Semnan City, Iran from 2012 to 2013. The patients were selected by inconvenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Participants initially completed the Socio-demographic Questionnaire and interviewed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders. Then, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was administered in baseline, post-treatment and follow-up. Treatment group merely received 16 sessions of group cognitive analytic therapy and eventually both groups were assessed in post-treatment and a three- month follow-up. Results: Mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that symptoms severity of obsessive compulsive disorder was significantly decreased at post-treatment and three-month follow-up in the treatment group as compared to the control group (F1,18 = 15.05, P< 0.001). The interaction of intervention and factor of time resulted in decreased symptoms severity in posttreatment and follow-up (F2,36 = 22.53, P< 0.001). Conclusions: The group cognitive analytic therapy is an effective and longstanding therapy for symptoms management of obsessive compulsive disorder. Moreover, these results have some implications for clinical practice including the necessity for further randomized controlled trials in order to verify the findings.
Corruption, the Business Environment, and Small Business Growth in India

This paper estimates a dynamic business growth equation on a sample of small-scale manufacturers. The results suggest that excessive labor regulation, power shortages, and problems of access to finance are significant influences on industrial growth in India. The expected annual sales growth rate of an enterprise is lower where labor regulation is greater, power shortages are more severe, and cash flow constraints are stronger. The effects of each of the three factors on business growth seem also to depend on a fourth element, namely, corruption. Specifically, labor regulation affects the growth only of enterprises for which corruption is not a factor in business decisions. By contrast, power shortages seem to be a drag on the growth only of enterprises self-reportedly held back by corruption. Lastly, sales growth is constrained by cash flow only in businesses that are not affected by labor regulation, power shortages, or corruption. The analysis uses corruption as a proxy for the quality of"property rights institutions"and considers labor regulation and small business financing as instances of"contracting institutions. "The findings on the interaction between corruption and other aspects of business environment then seems to indicate that the quality of property rights institutions exerts more abiding influence on economic outcomes than the quality of contracting institutions. Moreover, there might also be a hierarchy among contracting institutions in their effect on manufacturing growth.
Jointed Time and Frequency Transforms in Testing Material Defects

The paper deals with the non-destructive testing of structural elements by means of the acoustic response using the jointed time and frequency transforms. These methods make it possible to localise the beginning and the end of frequency components contained in the measured signal, and in this way, they enable us to analyse perfectly the spectrum of the non-stationary noise. In this way, this mathematical procedure enables us to distinguish a good specimen from a defective one.
Structural and Magnetic Study of Active Screen Plasma Nitrided Fe73:5Si13:5B9Nb3Cu1 and Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 Ribbons

The comparative study of Active Screen Plasma Nitriding (ASPN) treatment of two Finemet-type alloys with the compositions of Fe73:5Si13:5B9Nb3Cu1 and Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 was investigated in di erent temperatures ranging from 410 C to 560 C. Di erential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Di ractometery (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), electrical resistivity, microhardness measurements and magnetic characterization by a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) were utilized to characterize the treated samples. The comparison of the DSC data for the alloys suggested that the smaller amount of Nb as a growth inhibitor shifted the crystallization temperatures towards lower temperatures. Thus, the crystalline volume fraction and grain size in each temperature for Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 alloy increased compared to Fe73:5Si13:5B9Nb3Cu1 alloy. The size of iron nitrides on the surface of the ribbons with the lower Si content was larger. The electrical resistivity for the annealed and nitrided Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 alloy was lower compared to the annealed and nitrided Fe73:5Si13:5B9Nb3Cu1 alloy, due to the larger grain size and lower Si content of Fe(Si) phase in Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 alloy. The VSM results showed that the maximum saturation magnetization and coercivity at 440 C were obtained in Fe77Si11B9Nb2:4Cu0:6 alloy after nitriding under 75% H2 and 75% N2 gas mixture, respectively.
Internationalisation, planetary citizenship and Higher Education Inc.

The internationalisation of higher education aims to produce ‘citizens that feel at home in the world’ but the process is driven by both economic and educational motivations. Today, the international community aspires to promote Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Education for Democratic Citizenship (EDC), together planetary citizenship, and with them emphases on personal and ethical responsibilities to the environment and future that contrast with current competitive individualism. Driven by rising numbers of international students, curricula are already shifting toward more global assessments of society and environment. However, progress is being impeded by management systems that take commerce as their model. While instructors strive to ensure that learners consider their responsibilities through ESD and EDC, their message is being contradicted by their context. Since learners learn from their total environment, not just in classrooms, changes are required. Granting greater attention to sustainability issues and the empowerment of learners and teachers would allow a better constructive alignment between educational and economic imperatives.
TRAIT ANXIETY AS A PREDICTOR OF BEHAVIOUR THERAPY OUTCOME IN SPIDER PHOBIA

The present study examined whether trait anxiety as indexed by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) can be employed as a predictor of behaviour therapy outcome. Thirty-six female spider phobic patients completed the STAI trait anxiety scale, and then received one 2.5 hours session of exposure in vivo treatment. Therapy outcome was evaluated by means of standardized self-report measures and a behavioural approach test. Results showed that STAI trait anxiety substantially contributed to therapy success on all outcome measures: the higher the trait anxiety scores, the less patients profited from behaviour therapy.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUPPLY MANAGE- MENT IN PROJECT BUSINESS

Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree in International Project Management JOUNI HALLIKAINEN Development of supply management in project business Master's thesis 83 pages, appendices 8 pages December 2016 Case company is operating in international project business area delivering large scale equipment which includes own manufacturing, direct deliveries from suppliers to work site and purchased erection and site services. Today case company’s customers are more focused on cost and delivery time of the equipment. Also competitors from cost competitive countries are penetrating to the markets, which are normally considered as westerners markets. Efficient management of the suppliers is critical from competitiveness, customer satisfaction and profitability point of view. Study was conducted to case company’s supply management department. First objective of the study was to find out, are case company’s tools and processes relevant in managing suppliers. Second objective was to find out, how to measure supply management. Research method in this case study was qualitative. Adaptive supply chain management was used as a theoretical framework. In this study, data was divided to primary and secondary data. Primary data came from the supplier interviews and multinational corporations benchmarks. Secondary data came from case company’s internal instructions, process descriptions and literature. Interviews were used to find out what kind of processes case company has and are processes aligned with other similar customers. Benchmarks were used to find out what kind of processes and tools other companies have. Findings of this study were that the case company has a relevant tools and processes, which are aligned with other companies. Many supplier stated that the case company has better processes than others, but still improvement suggestions were given. Supply management is one of the key processes in the case company, which can be seen that the case company is developing supply management processes and tools vigorously.
Open Development: A New Theory for ICT4D

Open development refers to an emerging set of possibilities to catalyze positive change through “open” information-networked activities in international development. While there is evidence to support the observation that these changes could be coming, we are only now beginning to glimpse their potential for developing societies. Consequently, embedded in this theory are a high level research question and hypothesis. The research question asks how these information-networked activities work, in what circumstances, and to whose beneat? The hypothesis states that these new models of networked activities can lead to development outcomes that are both inclusive and transformative.
Application of in-vitro micropropagation technique for sustainable production of four local taro cultivars [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] in Cameroon

Taro leaf blight disease has recently been reported in Cameroon to cause between 50 and 100% yields loss of taro in most of the agro-ecological crop growing regions. This has led to a significant reduction in disease-free planting materials, edible crop and increased. The Meristem culture technique has been used to produce crop plants free of viruses and fungi especially in vegetative propagated colocassia plants. This aimed at applying in-vitro micro-propagation technique for sustainable production of four local taro cultivars in Cameroon. This study was conducted at the Root and Tuber Tissue Culture Laboratory, of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Bambui from April 2015 to November 2016. Micro-plants from four local taro cultivars were produced in vitro from apical meristem tips. The tip meristems were excised from corms of the four local taro cultivars. The excised explants were surface sterilized with alcohol and sodium hypochlorite in sequence steps at different concentrations. Meristems were cultured at establishment stage on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 30 g of sugar, 1.1 ml of 6-benzylaminopurine and 7 g of agar. Shoots proliferation was induced in MS with 2.2 ml of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Result shows a significant difference at p≤0.5 in number of shoots, petiole length, open leaf and corm diameter among the cultivars and no significant variation in mean number of senescence leaf with respect to all the cultivars, at 60 days of shoot tip culture. At rooting stage, taro shoots were cultured on MS media supplemented with 10 ml of 0.1 mg/ml naphthalene acetic-acid (NAA). Roots were produced on all the cultivars with excellent mean growth rate of 14.7 ± 0.69 recorded in cultivar with dark green petiole and small leaves. Key words: Taro cultivars, in-vitro micro-propagation, benzylaminopurine, naphthalene acetic-acid, Murashige and Skoog.
Will afforestation in temperate zones warm the earth

For decades, forest researchers have known that planting trees on cropland or pastures (that is, afforestation) can lower the surface albedo and that landscapes with low albedo absorb more solar radiation than more reflective surfaces. Consequently, afforestation will typically darken the Earth’s surface (when compared to grasslands or deserts). In spite of this knowledge, many believe that afforestation will cool the Earth’s atmosphere since wood is composed of carbon molecules. Therefore, there are two schools of thought on how afforestation affects global climate. The “CO2 School” believes that afforestation will have a cooling effect, regardless of the location of the planted trees. In contrast, the “Holistic School” believes the climate is a complex system affected by numerous variables, including clouds and the surface albedo. Many from this School say that afforestation in boreal zones could warm the Earth. This paper reviews some papers from the “Holistic School” and asks the question: will afforestation in temperate zones warm the Earth?
God Does Not Play Dice, but Do We?

When do we cooperate and why? This question concerns one of the most persistent divides between \"theory and practice\", between predictions from game theory and results from experimental studies. For about 15 years, theoretical analyses predict completely-mixed \"behavior\" strategies, i.e. strategic randomization rendering \"when\" and \"why\" questions largely moot, while experimental analyses seem to consistently identify pure strategies, suggesting long-run interactions are deterministic. Reanalyzing 145,000 decisions from infinitely repeated prisoner\'s dilemma experiments, and using data-mining techniques giving pure strategies the best possible chance, we conclude that subjects play semi-grim behavior strategies similar to those predicted by theory.
Composition and in vitro digestibility of leaves and stems of grasses and legumes harvested from permanent mountain meadows at different stages of maturity

Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility were determined in stems and leaves hand-separated from grasses and legumes obtained from the first and subsequent cuts of a permanent meadow. Grasses from the first cut were classified in four groups according to their stage of maturity: vegetative, boot, head-bloom and seed stage. Crude protein (CP) content was higher and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content lower in legumes than in grasses, and in leaves than in stems. CP decreased and NDF increased with maturity in grasses. In general, legumes were more digestible than grasses. The digestibility of grasses harvested in the first cut decreased with increasing maturity. Leaves were more digestible than stems in legumes and grasses, although the relative difference between botanical parts was much larger in grasses than in legumes. The differences in digestibility between leaves and stems became more pronounced with increasing maturity, especially in terms of cell wall digestibility. As for forage quality, early cutting of permanent meadows would be recommended, so that grasses are harvested before they reach an advanced stage of maturity.