Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To Enhance Schema on both source and sink location privacy against local eavesdropper on multiple mobile Sources in WSN

: WSN is fundamental arrangement of different and devoted sensors. These sensors observe and record the physical condition of the surroundings and than manage the collected information at a central location. The open features of wireless communications allows an adversary to detect the location of a source or sink. Finally the adversary capture them by eavesdropping on the node’s transmissions and tracing the path followed by the packets in the network. Thus the location privacy of both the source and sink becomes an important concern in such networks. Earlier researches focus only on the location privacy of the source or sink independently. In this paper, the attacker identifies the hot spot location. It gets the location and id information of all nodes within its range through location based DREAM protocol. It attacks and blocks their communication actions. Our proposed protection scheme provides the attack free surroundings in presence of attacker and also improves the network performance.
Brushless Doubly Fed Reluctance Machine Testing for Parameter Determination

Techniques for parameter determination of induction and doubly fed induction machines are well established. However, these techniques do not apply directly to the brushless doubly fed reluctance machine (BDFRM). Even though the mathematical model for this machine is like that of a double-fed induction machine, the complexity of the machines magnetic fields due to differing winding pole numbers interacting with a reluctance rotor preclude standard testing. Very high leakage inductances affect the use of the normal locked rotor test, and nonsinusoidal air gap fluxes complicate modeling for stand still frequency domain and time domain testing. This paper examines the validity of a combination of testing and analysis techniques, including open circuit and pulse testing, which were eventually used to determine the BDFRM inductance parameters over a range of operating points. The accuracy of the results are validated by machine testing and comparison with the finite element analysis machine design.
Proinsulin shares a motif with IL-1  and induces inflammatory cytokine via interleukin-1 receptor 1

Although it has been established that diabetes increases susceptibility to infections, insulin (INS) in the immune response is unknown. Here, we investigated the immunological function of INS. Proinsulin dimer (pINSd) form was a potent immune stimulus that induced inflammatory cytokines, but mature INS was unable to induce an immune response. An affinity purified rabbit polyclonal-raised against mature IL-1  recognized IL-1  and pINS, but failed to detect mature INS and IL-1  . Analysis of the pINS sequence revealed that the existence of an INS/IL-1  motif in the C-peptide of pINS. Surprisingly, the INS/IL-1  motif was recognized by monoclonal antibody raised against IL-1  . Deleting the INS/IL-1  motif in pINSd and IL-1  changed their activities. To investigate pINSd receptor, the reconstitution of IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) in Wish cells restored pINSd activity that was reversed by IL-1R antagonist. These data suggested that pINSd needs IL-1R1 for inflammatory cytokine induction. Mouse fibroblast cell of deficient mice further confirmed that pINSd promotes immune responses through IL-1R1.
Please Let Science Talk: Presidential Sentiment and the Public’s Risk Perception in the Era of COVID-19

We examine whether and to what extent the presidential COVID-19 sentiment (PCS), constructed based on the former President Trump’s tweets, has influenced the public’s risk perception regarding COVID -19. We find that during the COVID-19 pandemic, PCS is negatively associated with social distancing behaviour in the Republican counties but is positively associated with social distancing behaviour in the Democratic counties. Our finding supports the view that individuals’ risk perception is influenced by the information they receive from politicians through social media, with the impact exhibiting as variations with respect to the individuals’ position on the political spectrum. original texts and exclude retweets, deleted tweets, and tweets containing only an HTTP link. To the former President Trump ’ s tweets related to the COVID pandemic, we collect COVID-related by continuously trending and associated with COVID-19. COVID-related the Supplementary Materials. The former s tweets as COVID-related if the tweet at least one COVID-related we lexicon-based tool analysis social-media COVID-19 daily by the negative impact of PCS on social distancing behaviour in Democratic counties. Meanwhile, Republicans are more likely to show approval of PCS, thereby enhancing the confirmation bias, suggested by the positive impact of PCS on social distancing behaviour in Republican counties. Our finding shows that, after the former President Trump tested positive for the 21-day GR in Republican counties, a but statistically non-significant impact on the 21-day GR in Democratic counties. Our findings suggest that PCS not only has an impact on the public ’ s COVID-19
The Effects of Lithium on In ammation Pro les and Nf-κB Nuclear Translocation in Raw 264.7 Macrophages Exposed to Rift Valley Fever Virus

Raymond Tshepiso Makola University of Limpopo Tur oop Campus: University of Limpopo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-83947096 Joe Kgaladi Rand Water South Africa Garland Kgosi More UNISA Petrus Jansen van Vuren H and B, Geelong AAHL Janusz Tadeusz Paweska NICD: National Centre for Disease Control Thabe Moses Matsebatlela (  thabe.matsebatlela@ul.ac.za ) University of Limpopo (Tur oop Campus) Sovenga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-4070
Factors Affecting Health Related Quality of Life in Korean Perimenopausal Women Using Hierarchical Regression Analysis

Women's menopause is a natural process that every woman must eventually experience, but changes in hormones before and after menopause can serve to produce life-threatening crises in some situations, with individual differences. Data for the study was elicited from 22,610 Korean women ranging in age from 45 to 55 years in the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey. Statistical analyses was performed using descriptive, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS IBM 20.0 version. Individual characteristics, lifestyle, history of chronic disease(s), psychological and environmental factors were included as independent and EQ5D weights of Koreans were used as dependent variables. The survey subjects consisted of a total 15,505(58.3%) in their 50s, 1,765 (66.5%) in middle and high school dropouts or graduates, 22,174 (83.3%) living in spouses and 10,534(39.6%) in wages. There was a significant difference in HRQOL among all independent variables except drinking and residential areas. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that age, smoking, obesity and other incidental disease factors (fall, angina, asthma, arthritis, osteoporosis, stroke) had a negative effect on HRQOL. The selected independent variables accounted for 22.7% of HRQOL. It is necessary to find a way to improve HRQOL of Korean perimenopausal women, focusing on the significant variables revealed by the study results.
Right use of Pulse Oximetry must be Used as a Screening Test for Early Detection of Critical Congenital Heard Diseases

Introduction: Preventive medicine is the ideal way in dealing with frequent and fatal diseases. Congenital heart disease (CHD) are responsible for the largest proportion of mortality caused by birth defects, in the first year of life. Actual numbers and mortality from CHD is increasing. In the developed world the treatment of CHD has escalating costs for health care systems and private covered patients, while in low-income countries the resources are minimal. Prevention/early detection, is urgently needed to tackle the increasing needs. Aim: To justify why pulse oximetry (pox) is the best available, early detecting postnatal screening test currently. Conclusion: Although CHD’s are both frequent and carry a high morbidity and mortality, we still lack a single, easy to apply, non-invasive and low-cost screening test, worldwide. The most advantageous method for minimizing CHD deaths worldwide seems to be currently, the combination of clinical assessment with pox.
HIV infection is associated with low bone quality, independently of bone mineral density

Low bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected individuals has been documented in an increasing number of studies. However it is not clear whether it is the infection itself or the treatment that causes bone impairment. While BMD is a widely used surrogate for bone fragility, other techniques can provide a more accurate measure of bone quality. One of these techniques is microindentation,which measures bone material strength (BMSi) directly. To test the hypothesis that HIV-infected patients have poorer bone tissue mechanical properties (bone tissue quality)than controls, we carried out a bone microindentation study in a cohort of HIV-positive patients, and a sample of age- and sex-matched controls. We recruited 85 patients, 50 infected with HIVand 35 controls. HIV-infected patients had significantly lower BMSi (84.9, SD 5.7) than controls (90.2, SD 6.2; p<0.001), and thus worse bone quality at the tissue level. In contrast, we observed no significant difference in BMD between cases and controls at any of the sites examined (total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine).
Deep Learning for Network Intrusion Detection Attack Recognition with Computational Intelligence

With the fast-growing network scale, network intrusions are becoming more and more frequent, volatile and advanced. The problem of how to capture the intrusions in such a large-scale network is critical and challenging. To this end, the machine learning based network intrusion detection, due to its intelligent capability, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. Compared to the traditional rule-based solutions, machine-learning-based solutions, particularly with deep learning, are more capable of detecting variants of network attacks. However, unlike deep learning in other application areas, such as image recognition and natural language processing, deep learning for network intrusion detection is still at its relatively early stage. Its effectiveness for practical implementation is yet to be verified, and plenty of issues need to be investigated. This thesis addresses two issues specifically related to the deep learning for network intrusion detection: (1) insufficient training data available in the network intrusion detection area; and (2) limited learning efficiency due to the high false alarm rate found in the existing deep learning models. To deal with insufficient data in the targeted training dataset, we propose a transfer-learning based convolution neural network, TL-ConvNet, where the network is first trained with a base dataset and the knowledge acquired from the training is transferred to the learning for the target dataset. To improve the learning efficiency, we combine the convolution neural network (CNN) with the recurrent neural network (RNN) and present a novel CNN+RNN hierarchy, LuNet, that can effectively extract both spacial and temporal features from the data, hence achieving a high detection accuracy. Based on LuNet, we then propose an improved design, Peilican, where multiple basic learning blocks are arranged in both vertical and horizontal directions and the basic block is a small residual network. With Pelican, data learning can go much deeper to achieve a higher learning accuracy while at a significantly lower rate of false alarms.
The NPS AUV II Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Testbed: Design and Experimental Verification

The design, construction and testing of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) for use as a research and development testbed at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is presented. Design objectives, analysis and trade-offs are discussed with respect to a generic AUV with specific details for the case of the NPS AUV 11. System integration and flexibility are emphasized in the subject vehicle to support presently planned and future research employment. Hull, mobility, sensors, automatic control, and energy subsystems are described. Design and fabrication techniques for the NPS AUV I1 vehicle hull and equipment are documented. Some results from an experimental program illustrating verification of vehicle design are described. INTRODUCTION T h e Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) has engaged in research with autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) since 1987 funded by the NPS Direct Research Fund under the technical sponsorship of the Naval Surface Weapons Center (NSWC) at White Oak, Maryland. This inter-departmental (Mechanical, Computer Science, and Electrical and Computer Engineering) project has the goal of involving naval officer students through thesis research in the development of advanced control systems for use in AUVs-a critical technology for future naval missions. While unmanned underwater vehicles of many diverse types are in both military and commercial use, an important new feature of AUVs lies in the increased use of onboard automation with only intermittent high level communication with the user. Results of missions involving search, survey, area sanitization, object imaging and localization, surveillance and mapping would be obtained after post processing and data visualization. Thus the special features of the research at NPS are aimed at the concepts and surrounding issues in autonomous real-time control, mission planning (replanning), obstacle avoidance, automated diagnostics and error recovery, navigation, guidance and autopilot systems for precision maneuvering and path tracking, object imaging, and data post processing for graphics visualization. Furthering the understanding of the dynamics of underwater vehicles, and the development of real-time control systems, however, has reinforced the need for a test vehicle that will conduct autonomous operations, having its own internal power, sensor processing and decision making capability. The first underwater vehicle constructed at the Naval Postgraduate School (Brunner, 1988), was designed to be small enough to operate in a 4-foot x 4-foot x 40-foot long test tank. These size constraints limited the vehicle’s internal load significantly, so that it had to rely on external equipment for its operation. Radio control hardware and an umbilical were required to convey maneuvering command signals, vehicle sensor data, and power. Rapid depth changing maneuvers were shown to be possible without the use of pitch gyros although the vehicle was too limited for investiNaval Engineers Journal, May 1992 191 NPS AUV I1 AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE TESTBED HEALEY/GOOD cost Mission Rmpirernents
Decreased Non-Insulin Dependent Glucose Clearance Contributes to the Rise in FPG in the Non-Diabetic Range.

Objective: To assess the contribution of decreased glucose clearance to the rise in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in the non-diabetic range. Research Design and Methods: 120 subjects with normal glucose tolerance received an OGTT and euglycemic insulin clamp with 3-[ 3 H] glucose. The basal and insulin-stimulated rates of glucose appearance, glucose disappearance, glucose clearance, and basal hepatic insulin resistance index were calculated. Simple Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationship between variables. Results: The increase in FPG (range= 75 to 125 mg/dl) correlated (r=0.32, p<0.0001) with the increase in BMI (range = 20-50 kg/m 2 ). The fasting plasma insulin concentration (FPI) also increased progressively with the increase in BMI (r=0.62, p<0.0001). However despite increasing FPI, the basal glucose clearance rate declined and correlated with the increase in BMI (r =-0.56, p<0.0001). Basal hepatic glucose production (HGP) decreased with increasing BMI (r = -0.51, p<0.0001) and correlated inversely with the increase in FPI (r= -0.32, p< 0.0001). The hepatic insulin resistance (basal HGP x FPI) increased with rising BMI (r=0.52, p<0.0001). During the insulin clamp, glucose disposal declined with increasing BMI (r= -0.64, p<0.0001) and correlated with the basal glucose clearance (r=0.39, p<0.0001). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that, in non-diabetic subjects, rising FPG is associated with a decrease (not an increase) in basal hepatic glucose production and is explained by a reduction in glucose clearance.
Response to: ”Ancient Yersinia pestis genomes provide no evidence for the origins or spread of the Justinianic Plague”

A manuscript recently posted by Keller et al. proposes that the finding of two individuals with evidence of plague infection from our study of “137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes” does not inform about the Justinianic Plague. We are puzzled by their conclusion, as no where in our paper we claim that the Y. pestis strains we discovered were direct ancestors of the Justinianic Plague outbreak. Their criticism appears to be based on simple mis-reading, and do not contradict our findings. Rather, we emphasize that the results in another manuscript from the same group confirm and strengthen our finding of a most recent common ancestor between DA101 and the Justinianic plague strains.
S imple X2: Cosmological tests

he application of the S imple X method to cosmological radiative transfer is described. Several tests are performed, which are all part of the Cosmological Radiative Transfer Comparison Project. The results of S im ple X are compared to the analytical solution, if available, and the results of other, more conventional radiative transfer codes. The S imple X results show excellent correspondence to both the analytical solution and the results of other radiative transfer codes.
Plasma Leptin Response to Acute Fasting and Refeeding in Untreated Women with Bulimia Nervosa

Leptin is known to regulate body weight, energy balance, and reproduction. Therefore, investigation of its physiology is of obvious interest in bulimia nervosa (BN), an eating disorder characterized by body weight-related psychopathology, acute changes in the energy balance, and reproductive alterations. To date, the few studies that have assessed leptin production in BN have had several limitations, including the measurement of blood leptin levels in treated patients and the lack of normal weight healthy controls, so that the information they provide is not conclusive. As the investigation of leptin dynamics is likely to be more informative, we decided to assess leptin response to acute fasting and refeeding in both untreated patients with BN and healthy controls. Twelve women meeting the diagnostic criteria for BN of the Di- agnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and 10 healthy women of the same age range participated in a 3-day study. At 1800 h on day 1, they received a meal of 1088 Cal, with 53% carbohydrates, 17% protein, and 30% fat. Then, they fasted until 1800 h on day 2, whentheyreceivedthesamemeal.Onday3,theyreceivedastandardhospitaldietof2600Cal,dividedinto3meals,withthesameper-centagesofnutrientsasdescribedabove.Bloodsampleswerecol-lected at different time points for plasma leptin, glucose, and insulin measurements.Inbulimicpatients, plasma leptin values were significantly lower than in healthy women ( P , 0.0001) and were positively related to body weight, expressed as body mass index (r 5 0.86; P , 0.0001). The leptin response to the fasting/refeeding paradigm significantly differed between patients and controls (time 3 group interaction, P , 0.0001). In fact, in healthy subjects, acute fasting induced a 58% decline in the plasma leptin concentration, whereas such a decrease was only 7% in bulimic women ( P , 0.001). After acute refeeding, plasma leptin increased in both groups, although in the patients it did not reach the absolute values observed in normal controls. No significant difference was observed between bulimics and controls in plasma insulin response to the fasting/refeeding paradigm, whereas an abnormal increase in blood glucose levels was observed in the patients after the first meal following acute fasting. We conclude that in untreated women with BN, leptin, despite its very low plasma values, still holds its function as a sensor of body weight changes, but loses its role of signaling acute changes in energy balance. ( J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 2499–2503, 2000)
FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND INCENTIVE IN REPORTING INFECTIOUS ANIMAL DISEASE: THE CASE OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER IN MADAGASCAR

One issue in the control of infectious animal disease is adverse selection, meaning farmers have information about the health status of their animals during an outbreak, but are unwilling to report it to the government. The objectives of our study are, first, to elicit farmers’ knowledge about African swine fever (ASF) and, second, determine farmers’ willingness to accept (WTA) compensation as an incentive for reporting ASF cases. To evaluate their knowledge about the disease, 201 pig farmers were interviewed using questions related to ASF. The contingent valuation (CV) technique was used to estimate their WTA compensation for culled pigs. The results show that the majority of the farmers answered questions regarding ASF correctly. The CV results also show that, as compensation increases, more farmers are willing to report ASF cases. However, the probability of reporting depends on certain farm-related characteristics, namely, farmers’ knowledge about ASF, administration of the classical swine fever vaccine, and experiences with ASF. The results indicate that providing adequate financial compensation is important for incentivizing the reporting of ASF outbreaks. Even so, it is necessary to also conduct an awareness campaign on ASF’s economic impact to prevent farmers who know that ASF is not harmful to human health from rejecting compensation. In addition, farmers’ knowledge about ASF transmission should be improved.
GC-MS Confirmation of Codeine , Morphine , 6-Acetylmorphine , Hydrocodone , Hydromorphone , Oxycodone , and Oxymorphone in Urine *

A procedure for the simultaneous confirmation of codeine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, and oxymorphone in urine specimens by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is described. After the addition of nalorphine and naltrexone as the two internal standards, the urine is hydrolyzed overnight with [~-glucuronidase from E. coli. The urine is adjusted to pH 9 and extracted with 8% trifluoroethanol in methylene dichloride. After evaporating the organic, the residue is sequentially derivatized with 2% methoxyamine in pyridine, then with propionic anhydride. The ketone groups on hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, and naltrexone are converted to their respective methoximes. Available hydroxyl groups on the O3 and O6 posilions are converted to propionic esters. After a brief purification step, the extracts are analyzed by GC-MS using full scan electron impact ionization. Nalorphine is used as the internal standard for codeine, morphine, and 6-acetylmorphine; naltrexone is used as the internal standard for the 6-keto-opioids. The method is linear to 2000 ng/ml. for the 6-keto-opioids and to 5000 ng/mL for the others. The limit of quantitation is 25 ng/mL in hydrolyzed urine. Day-to-day precision at 300 and 1500 ng/mL ranged between 6 and 10.9%. The coefficients of variation for 6-acetylmorphine were 12% at both 30 and 150 ng/mL A list of 38 other basic drugs or metabolites detected by this method is tabulated.