Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal and intraseasonal variability of precipitable water vapor in the Chajnantor plateau, Chile: Seasonal and intraseasonal variability of PWV in northern Chile

The Chajnantor plateau is located in the Atacama Desert at over 4800 m above sea level. The plateau features a large fraction of days during the year where dry and stable atmospheric conditions predominate. The suitability of the type of astronomy observations routinely made at sites across the Chajnantor region at different times of the year depends on the variability of atmospheric water vapour. In this work, we study seasonal and intraseasonal variability associated with periods of large and low precipitable water vapour (PWV) in the Chajnantor region over 32 years. We establish large-scale conditions favourable for aboveand below-normal PWV for each of the four seasons. We also explore whether intraseasonal PWV variations are related to the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). Below-normal PWV in winter, spring, and autumn seasons was found associated with mostly zonal 500-hPa winds, which advect drier than normal air from the anticyclone over the eastern portions of the southeast (SE) Pacific Ocean. In summer, periods with below-normal PWV were found to have anomalously south-westerly winds at mid-levels, also indicating transport of anomalously dry air from the stable SE Pacific. In winter, spring, and autumn seasons, above-normal PWV was generally associated with north-westerly mid-tropospheric wind anomalies, indicating advection of above-normal PWV from the subtropical and tropical regions of the SE Pacific Ocean. Above-normal PWV conditions in summer were associated with nearly calm winds at 500 hPa. Months and phases of the MJO for the most extreme anomalies of PWV for each season agreed well with the seasonal anomalies. Furthermore, three independent reanalysis data sets generally agreed on MJO phases associated with largest positive and negative PWV anomalies. This agreement provides evidence for the first time that the MJO modulates the PWV content over the Atacama Desert.
Ultra-flexible Amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide (a-IGZO) Thin Film Transistor

Phone No.+886-4-22851549 Ext.801; Fax. +886-4-2285141 Abstract: In this work, we demonstrate an ultra-flexible a-IGZO TFT on PEN plastic substrate. The a-IGZO TFT could be operated well with almost unchanged performance after banding at radius of 4 mm (strain~1.5%) for more than 100 times. This was implemented the utilization of polymer gate dielectric, poly(4-vinylpheonol) (PVP). The PVP was then demonstrated with no damage after plasma process equivalent the the a-IGZO deposition process. Due to the large Young’s modulus difference, the stress was believed mainly within polymer gate dielectric. Therefore, after bending, the a-IGZO was not damaged. In addition to the ultraflexibility, the a-IGZO TFT exhibit mobility around 1.3 cm/Vs with nearly 6 orders of magnitude current on/off ratio at operation of 10V. The mobility could be further increase by finetuning the a-IGZO deposition condition. Combing the ultraflexibility and the acceptable performance, this technology is suitable to integrate into LCD or OLED implementing ultraflexible display.
Study of a SiPM Based Charged Particle Detector

The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of the Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) and its applications in the detection of charged particles. The SiPM is an array of independent avalanche photodiodes (APD) operating in the Geiger region mode. A new experimental setup was attempted, coupling one SiPM to each of the two ends of the same scintillator. This was done in order to study the possibly different behavior of the two SiPMs receiving the same signal. Moreover a SiPM blinding effect was detected and is reported. A single APD in Geiger mode does not distinguish between one or more photons hitting it, however a grid of independent APDs may give a quasilinearity, since we can distinguish between two photons that fall on different APDs and the probability of having two photons hitting the same APD in the same moment is quite small. We have studied this quasi-linearity of the charge at low energies. Since the rise time of the SiPM is very small, we were able to analyze the time difference distribution between the two SiPMs. We report the results obtained.
Based on Improved CREAM A Reliability Analysis to Runway Incursion

Human factor is one of the most important reasons causing runway incursion event happened. On the basis of statistics analyzing the existing research about runway incursion human factor causes, this paper builds a key human factor influencing runway incursion and proposes a process of controllers and pilots interaction on influencing runway incursion with the characteristic of dynamic, interaction and closed-loop. Then an improved CREAM model method is applied to predict the reliability of this process. The final conclusion shows the importance of controllers and pilots interaction that in a real situation influencing runway incursion, not only the consideration on actual occurred runway incursion event is needed, the interaction between controllers and pilots also needs to be concerned. This paper brings a new idea and way for further risk assessment of runway incursion based on human factors. Besides, considering the reliability of controllers and pilots interaction, how to improve its existing interaction mode will be the next key work. Keywords—runway incursion; human factor; interaction; CREAM; reliability (key words)
Noninvasive Monitoring of Soil Sta c Characteris cs and Dynamic States : A Case Study

In this paper we present the results of seasonal monitoring and irriga on tests performed on an experimental farm in a semiarid region of Southern Sardinia. The goal of the study is to understand the soil–vegeta on interac ons and how they can aff ect the soil water balance, par cularly in view of possible clima c changes. We used long-term electromagne c induc on (EMI) me lapse monitoring and short-term irriga on experiments monitored using electrical resis vity tomography (ERT) and EMI, supported by me domain refl ectometry (TDR) soil moisture measurements. Mapping of natural γ-ray emission, texture analysis, and laboratory calibra on of an electrical cons tu ve rela onship on soil samples complete the dataset. We observe that the growth of vegeta on, with the associated below-ground alloca on of biomass, has a signifi cant impact on the soil moisture dynamics. It is well known that vegeta on extracts a large amount of water from the soil par cularly during summer, but it also reduces evapora on by shadowing the soil surface. Vegeta on represents a screen for rainfall and prevents light rainfall infi ltra on but enhances the wetng process by facilita ng the infi ltra on and the ground water recharge. In many cases, the vegeta on creates a posi ve feedback system. In our study, these mechanisms are well highlighted by the use of noninvasive techniques that provide data at the scale and resoluon necessary to understand the hydrological processes of the topsoil, also in their lateral and depth spa al variability. Unlike remote sensing techniques, noninvasive geophysics penetrates the soil subsurface and can eff ec vely image moisture content in the root zone. We also developed a simple conceptual model capable of represen ng the vegeta on–soil interac on with a simple enough parameteriza on that can be fulfi lled by measurements of a noninvasive nature, available at a large scale and evidences possible relevant developments of our research.
Analysis of Emergency Supplies Demand of Unexpected Events Based on the Utility Function

To ensure the emergency rescue efficiently,the accurate forecast for emergency supplies demand was one of the key links during emergency rescue process.Normalization of characteristic factors' value,weighting coefficients of characteristic factors and sensitivity of characteristic factors on time was taken into consideration in the paper.Normalization of utility function was introduced,too.To find the best similar case,weighting coefficients of characteristic factors were reached by using timing case weight adjustment.With the best similar case,emergency supplies based on case-reasoning method were solved.Finally,the feasibility and reasonableness of the method were analyzed.This method solved emergency supplies demand forecast under imprecision information condition and provided a theory of reference for emergency decision makers.
Cross-layer design and implementation of cognitve radio system

Demand of ever-present wireless services requires the use of more spectrum resources. However, present wireless networks are segmented by a fixed spectrum allocation policy. This fixed allocation of spectrum has lead to unused or underutilized bandwidth (namely spectrum holes) where opportunistic spectrum sharing increased its efficiency. To address this problem, cognitive radio is being uplifted as an emerging solution which uses intelligent technology to autonomously adapt in operating parameters in dynamic conditions. This paper starts with the illustrations of cognitive radio and classifications of spectrum sensing techniques which are then simulated by providing manual parameters through an algorithm in MATLAB. The simulation consist a set of dummy primary users who are set with specific bandwidth and using energy detection technique those spectrum bands are allocated dynamically to a set of secondary users during the idle period of the primary users. Lastly, a signal to noise ratio (SNR) manipulation has been implemented to observe how spectrum sensing is affected which in turn aided to understand spectrum allocation.
Inhibitory Mechanism of Combined Hydroxychavicol With Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Against Glioma Cancer Cell Lines: A Transcriptomic Analysis

Emerging reports have shown therapeutic potential of hydroxychavicol (HC) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against cancer cells, however high concentrations are required to achieve the anticancer activity. We reported the synergy of low combination doses of EGCG+HC in glioma cell lines 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 by assessing the effects of EGCG+HC through functional assays. Using high throughput RNA sequencing, the molecular mechanisms of EGCG+HC against glioma cell lines were revealed. EGCG/HC alone inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 82 to 302 µg/ml and 75 to 119 µg/ml, respectively. Sub-effective concentrations of combined EGCG+HC enhanced the suppression of glioma cell growth, with SW1783 showing strong synergism with a combination index (CI) of 0.55 and LN18 showing a CI of 0.51. A moderate synergistic interaction of EGCG+HC was detected in 1321N1 cells, with a CI value of 0.88. Exposure of 1321N1, SW1783, and LN18 cells to EGCG+HC for 24 h induces cell death, with caspase-3 activation rates of 52%, 57%, and 9.4%, respectively. However, the dose for SW1783 is cytotoxic to normal cells, thus this dose was excluded from other tests. EGCG+HC induced cell cycle arrest at S phase and reduced 1321N1 and LN18 cell migration and invasion. Combined EGCG+HC amplified its anticancer effect by downregulating the axon guidance process and metabolic pathways, while simultaneously interfering with endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response pathway. Furthermore, EGCG+HC exerted its apoptotic effect through the alteration of mitochondrial genes such as MT-CO3 and MT-RNR2 in 1321N1 and LN18 cells respectively. EGCG+HC dynamically altered DYNLL1 alternative splicing expression in 1321N1 and DLD splicing expression in LN18 cell lines. Our work indicated the pleiotropic effects of EGCG+HC treatment, as well as particular target genes that might be investigated for future glioma cancer therapeutic development.
Force-tracking control of a novel electric parking brake actuator based on a load-sensing, continuously variable transmission

For the existing electric parking brake system which is used as a secondary brake system, accurate rear-wheel slip control has not been realized. In addition, the time spent to produce the required braking force after the electric parking brake button is pressed is too long, which reduces the system’s response speed. All the above means that the vehicle risks a loss in stability and a braking distance that is too large. To solve these problems, the clamping force should be controlled, and the velocity of the clamping mechanism should be increased in the idle stroke. In this paper, on the assumptions that the motor speed is limited and that the length of the idle stroke is hard to identify because of abrasion of the friction pads, a variable transmission and a novel electric parking brake actuator are designed to reduce the clamping time. In the novel electric parking brake system, the belt reducer of the existing electric parking brake is replaced by a load-sensing, continuously variable transmission, in which the reduction ratio changes with the load torque. Additionally, a reduced-order observer is presented to estimate the motor speed, and a sliding-mode controller is designed to control the clamping force. The controller is robust against uncertainties and disturbance of the parameters. The mathematical model of the system is initially constructed using MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the behaviours of the novel actuator. Then the designed control system for various adhesion coefficient conditions involving an abrupt change in the road friction is investigated. As a result, the effectiveness of the sliding-mode controller is validated by simulations, and the comprehensive performance of the actuator is significantly improved.
Software Acceleration of the Deformable Shape Tracking Application: How to eliminate the Eigen Library Overhead

Shape tracking is based on landmark detection and alignment. Open-source code and pre-trained models are available for an implementation that is based on an ensemble of regression trees. The C++ Deformable Shape Tracking (DEST) implementation of face alignment that is using Eigen template library for algebraic operations is employed in this work. The overhead of the C++ Eigen library calls is measured and selected computational intensive operations are ported from Eigen implementation to custom C code achieving a remarkable acceleration in the shape tracking application. An important achievement of this work is the fact that the restructured code can be directly implemented with reconfigurable hardware for further speed improvement. Driver drowsiness and distraction detection applications are exploiting shape tracking by measuring landmark distances in order to detect eye blinking, yawning, etc. Fast video processing and accuracy is mandatory in these safety critical applications. The modified software implementation of the original DEST face alignment method presented in this paper, is almost 250 times faster due to the custom implementation of computational intensive vector/matrix operations and rotations. Eigen library is still used in non-time critical parts of the code for compact description and higher readability. Flattening of nested routines and inline implementation is also used to eliminate excessive argument copies and data type checking and conversions.
A Laboratory Study of the Leaching of Lead

Twelve faucets, representing various designs, materials of construction, and manufacturers, were studied in the laboratory to develop additional information about the leaching of lead and other metals from common kitchen faucets. It was found that new cast-brass faucets could contribute lead to drinking water in excess of the proposed no action level of 10 /ug/L. Also, 60-75 percent of the lead leached from a faucet appeared in the first 125 mL of water collected from the faucet. After 200-250 mL of water had flowed, 95 percent or more of the lead had normally been flushed from the faucet. Determining the maximum lead concentration from a faucet requires that both cold and hot water sides of the faucet be sampled and that the samples be no larger than 100-125 mL.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Laboratory adverse events and discontinuation of therapy according to CD4+ cell count at the start of antiretroviral therapy Laboratory adverse events and discontinuation of therapy according to CD4 R cell count at the start of antiretroviral therapy

Objective: Few data describe antiretroviral treatment (ART)-related adverse events when treatment is initiated at CD4 þ cell counts more than 350 cells/ m l. We compared rates of laboratory-deﬁned adverse events (LDAEs) according to CD4 þ cell count at ART initiation. Design: Analysis of on-going cohort study. Methods: ART-naive persons initiating ART from 2000 to 2010 were included. Chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis tests compared characteristics among those starting ART with a CD4 þ cell count of 350 or less, 351–499 and at least 500 cells/ m l. Time-updated Poisson regression compared rates of LDAE in the three CD4 þ cell strata. Cox proportional hazard models compared risk of ART discontinuation. Results: Nine thousand, four hundred and six individuals were included: median age 37 years, 61% white, 80% men, median viral load 4.8 log copies/ml. Four hundred and forty-seven (4.9%) and 1099 (11.7%) started ART with a CD4 þ cell count at least 500 and 351–499 cells/ m l, respectively. One thousand, two hundred and eighty-three (13.6%) patients experienced at least one LDAE. The rate of LDAE did not differ between those starting ART with a CD4 þ cell count 351–499 and less than 350 cells/ m l [relative rate 0.90, 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) 0.74–1.09)], but an increased risk of ART discontinuation was observed (hazard ratio 1.58, Conclusion: This study demonstrates the need to consider ART-related toxicities when initiating therapy at CD4 þ cell counts at least 500 cells/ m l. Whilst evidence from randomized controlled trials is awaited, the timing of ART initiation in terms of beneﬁts and risks of ART remains an important question. :
Capital-Constrained Loan Creation, Stock Markets and Monetary Policy in a Behavioral New Keynesian Model Capital-Constrained Loan Creation, Stock Markets and Monetary Policy in a Behavioral New Keynesian Model A model of learning A Analysis of 20 Advanced Democra-cies,

In this paper we incorporate a stock market and a banking sector in a behavioral macro-ﬁnance model with heterogenous and boundedly rational expectations. Households’ sav-ings are diversiﬁed among bank deposits and stock purchases, and banks’ lending to ﬁrms is subject to capital-related costs. We ﬁnd that households’ participation in the stock market, coupled to the existence of a capital-constrained banking sector aﬀects the transmission of monetary policy to the economy signiﬁcantly, and that households’ deposits act as a critical spill-over channel between the real and the ﬁnancial sectors. In other words, we relate the regulatory stance in the banking sector with the degree of pass-through of monetary policy shocks. Further, we investigate the performance of a leaning-against-the-wind (LATW) monetary policy which targets asset prices concerning macroeconomic and ﬁnancial stability.
Responses of Bilinear and Impacting Systems Subjected to Regular Waves

The dynamic responses of bilinear and impacting oscillators subjected to harmonic loadings are investigated. Differing from previous studies in which bifurcation diagrams were developed by having the frequency ratio of excitation and structure as the controlling parameter, this study selects either the damping ratio or the stiffness ratio as the controlling parameter. An important finding is that chaotic motions may occur at high damping situations even when periodic motions are found at identical low damping systems.
Thromboinflammatory Processes at the Nexus of Metabolic Dysfunction and Prostate Cancer: The Emerging Role of Periprostatic Adipose Tissue

Simple Summary As overweight and obesity increase among the population worldwide, a parallel increase in the number of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer was observed. There appears to be a relationship between both diseases where the increase in the mass of fat tissue can lead to inflammation. Such a state of inflammation could produce many factors that increase the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, especially if this inflammation occurred in the fat stores adjacent to the prostate. Another important observation that links obesity, fat tissue inflammation, and prostate cancer is the increased production of blood clotting factors. In this article, we attempt to explain the role of these latter factors in the effect of increased body weight on the progression of prostate cancer and propose new ways of treatment that act by affecting how these clotting factors work. Abstract The increased global prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and diabetes is mirrored by an increased incidence of prostate cancer (PCa). Ample evidence suggests that these metabolic disorders, being characterized by adipose tissue (AT) expansion and inflammation, not only present as risk factors for the development of PCa, but also drive its increased aggressiveness, enhanced progression, and metastasis. Despite the emerging molecular mechanisms linking AT dysfunction to the various hallmarks of PCa, thromboinflammatory processes implicated in the crosstalk between these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated. This is of particular importance as both diseases present states of hypercoagulability. Accumulating evidence implicates tissue factor, thrombin, and active factor X as well as other players of the coagulation cascade in the pathophysiological processes driving cancer development and progression. In this regard, it becomes pivotal to elucidate the thromboinflammatory processes occurring in the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), a fundamental microenvironmental niche of the prostate. Here, we highlight key findings linking thromboinflammation and the pleiotropic effects of coagulation factors and their inhibitors in metabolic diseases, PCa, and their crosstalk. We also propose several novel therapeutic targets and therapeutic interventions possibly modulating the interaction between these pathological states.
CLUSTERING OF INTRUSION DATASET FOR HELPING IN DISCOVERING HARMFUL PROFILE

: Nowadays, intrusion is a serious security threat in a network environment. To solve this security requirement, many researchers have argued that data mining can improve the performance of intrusion detection system. Among the datamining techniques, clustering is an important means for intrusion detection. The aim of clustering is to group the two observations into the same cluster if these observations close to each other in the original data space. Because of growing the size of computer networks and developed applications exponentially, the signiﬁcant increasing of the potential damage that can be caused by launching attacks is becoming obvious. The most important defence tools against the sophisticated and ever-growing network attacks are Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPSs) which can compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of resource.