Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Text Implication Recognition Learning with Gated Recurrent Unit

As an important basic task in natural language processing, textual entailment recognition has practical applications in QA, information retrieval IR, information extraction and many other tasks. The traditional methods of text imputation include mainly classification methods based on artificial features, methods based on word similarity, and so on. Traditional methods require a large number of manual extraction features, construction rules, and the like. Deep neural networks can avoid the problems of manual extraction features in traditional machine learning methods and error accumulation caused by NLP preprocessing tools. With the good results of deep learning in the field of natural language processing, the study of natural language reasoning and textual inclusion recognition is also increasing. The same text under different tasks will focus on its focus. For the text implied recognition task, we usually focus on whether the sub-events in each text match. If we can decompose a sentence into sub-events related to it, and judge that the sub-events in the hypothetical text are contained in the sub-events of the premise text, then we can determine the implication between the two sentences. The mLSTM model achieved an accuracy of 86.1% on the SNLI corpus, which is the best level at present, but it is not effective on other small corpus. This article aims to improve the mLSTM model, establishing the mGRU model based on GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit), and verify the effect of the model on SNLI corpus and multiNLI corpora.
A study on the acceptance of internet banking

Internet banking expected to ease commercial transactions and uplift satisfactory services. Studies affirmed internet banking in Nigeria is low compared with other e-banking systems. This study analyzed mediation role of trust in technology, theory of planned behavior and trust model adoption. Statistical package for the social science (SPSS) and VBSEM-AMOS adopted for descriptive statistics and modeling principal mediation effect of trust based on 391 respondents. Finding indicated that TPB factors; subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude and trust regressed on intent to accept internet banking and achieved a 72% variance explained, integrity, benevolence, competency and predictability regressed on trust to internet banking acceptance and a 71% variance explained. However, partial mediation trust effect achieved a 73% variance explained of TPB with exclusion of attitude in the model. This study justified the mediation role of trust in internet banking acceptance in Nigeria thus, recommended further replication in differ dimensions.
A dynamic and heterogeneous web application to defense webshell attacks by using diversified PHP code

Malicious code injection attacks often bypass rules based filtering methods by various deformable methods. Based on the PHP web application environment, we proposed a method of using code diversification, and then defended the PHP webshell attack threat by constructing a dynamic and heterogeneous PHP web application which uses the redundancy adjudication and dynamic transformation method. Finally, this method is verified in cloud service environment.
Seaweeds as nutraceuticals for health and nutrition

ABSTRACT Throughout human history, seaweeds have been used as food, folk remedies, dyes, and mineral-rich fertilisers. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals or functional foods with dietary benefits beyond their fundamental macronutrient content, are now a major research and industrial development concept. The occurrence of dietary and lifestyle-related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and metabolic syndrome has become a health epidemic in developed countries. Global epidemiological studies have shown that countries where seaweed is consumed on a regular basis have significantly fewer instances of obesity and dietary-related disease. This review outlines recent developments in seaweed applications for human health from an epidemiological perspective and as a functional food ingredient. Abbreviations: BNF, British Nutrition Foundation; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention USA; CMMM, Chinese Marine Materia Medica; DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; GAE, gallic acid equivalents; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ORAC, oxygen radical absorbance capacity; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; RNI, adult reference nutrient intake; WHO, World Health Organization.
Maximizing the intersection of human health and the health of the environment with regard to the amount and type of protein produced and consumed in the United States

Abstract This review utilizes current national dietary guidelines and published databases to evaluate the impacts of reasonable shifts in the amount and type of protein intake in the United States on the intersection of human and environmental health. The established scientific basis and recommendations for protein intake as described in the US Dietary Reference Intakes are reviewed. Data on food availability from both the US Department of Agriculture and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and data on consumption from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey are used to examine estimates of current US protein consumption. Greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide equivalents, CO2eq) and blue and green water impacts of US protein consumption resulting from US agricultural practices were obtained from previously published meta-analyses. A 25% decrease in protein intake paired with a 25% shift from animal food to plant food protein intake—from an 85:15 ratio to a 60:40 ratio—would best align protein intake with national dietary recommendations while simultaneously resulting in 40% fewer CO2eq emissions and 10% less consumptive water use. The modeling of this strategy suggests a savings of 129 billion kilograms of CO2eq and 3.1 trillion gallons of water relative to current consumption.
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R Gene Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 30 Publications.

Common genetic variation Q192R in the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene has been considered to be implicated in the development of many cancers. Nevertheless, results from the related studies were inconsistent. To elucidate the association, we performed a meta-analysis for 8,112 cases and 10,037 controls from 32 published case-control studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association by STATA 12.0 software. Overall, we revealed that the PON1-192R allele was associated with a reduced risk of the overall cancers. Moreover, in the stratified analysis by cancer types (breast cancer, prostate cancer, brain cancer etc.), the results showed that PON1-192R allele was associated with a decreased risk in breast cancer (R vs Q: OR=0.605, 95% CI=0.378-0.967, P heterogeneity =0.000; RR vs QQ: OR=0.494, 95% CI=0.275-0.888, P heterogeneity =0.002; RQ vs QQ: OR=0.465, 95% CI=0.259-0.835, P heterogeneity =0.000; and RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=0.485, 95% CI=0.274-0.857, P heterogeneity =0.000), and associated with prostate cancer in homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.475, 95% CI=0.251- 0.897, P heterogeneity =0.001) and recessive models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.169-0.853, P heterogeneity =0.000), while an increased risk was identified in lymphoma (R vs Q: OR=1.537, 95% CI=1.246-1.896, P heterogeneity =0.944; RR vs QQ: OR=2.987, 95% CI=1.861-4.795, P heterogeneity =0.350; RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.354, 95% CI=1.021-1.796, P heterogeneity =0.824; and RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=2.934, 95% CI=1.869-4.605, P heterogeneity =0.433), and an increased risk in prostate cancer under heterozygote comparison (RQ vs QQ: OR=1.782, 95% CI=1.077-2.950, P heterogeneity =0.000) and dominant models (RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.281, 95% CI=1.044-1.573, P heterogeneity =0.056). When subgroup analysis that performed by the control source (hospital based or population based), a decreased risk of the overall cancers was revealed by homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.601, 95% CI=0.366-0.987, P heterogeneity =0.000) and dominant models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR= 0.611, 95% CI=0.384-0.973, P heterogeneity =0.000) in hospital based group. Stratifying by ethnicity, a significantly reduced risk of the overall cancers under allele contrast model (R vs Q: OR=0.788, 95% CI=0.626-0.993, P heterogeneity =0.000) was uncovered in Caucasian. In summary, these findings suggested that PON1 Q192R polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of the overall cancers, nevertheless, it might increase cancer susceptibility of prostate and lymphoma risk. Large well-designed epidemiological studies will be continued on this issue of interest.
Does Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Improves Uric Acid? A Meta-Analysis

Purpose The efficacy of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) therapy with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on uric acid (UA) yielded conflicting results. This meta-analysis was performed to assess whether OSA treatment with CPAP could reduce UA levels. Methods The Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed were searched before March 2019. Information of patients, study design, and pre- and post-CPAP treatment of UA was utilized for analysis. The overall effects were analyzed via the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Five studies were obtained and the meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 and Review Manager 5.2. Results A total of 5 studies with 6 cohorts (2 RCT and 3 observational studies) involving 270 patients were pooled into meta-analysis. There was no change of UA levels before and after CPAP treatment in OSA patients (SMD = ‐0.20, 95% CI: -0.78 to 0.37, Z = 0.69, p = 0.49). Subgroup analysis showed that the outcomes were not affected by age of patients, gender distribution, baseline body mass index, daily duration, duration of CPAP treatment, sample size, and study design. Conclusions This meta-analysis revealed that CPAP treatment has no effect on UA in OSA patients. Further well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to address this issue.
Target Tracking based on Kernel Correlative Filters and SIFT features - A Self-Adaptive Scale Algorithm

In order to solve the problem of KCF tracking target loss which is caused by target occlusion and target scale change, This paper proposed an anti-occlusion target tracking algorithm based on kcf and sift features. The scale pyramid is used to estimate the scale of the target, Then realized the adaptive target size of the tracking. When the target is occluded, the sift feature is extracted from the target in the current frame box, next tracking frame will generate template features. The next frame of video image and matching the feature template, frame matching and template feature target for target tracking. Our algorithm is tested on the TB datasets. The experimental results show that our tracking frame can adapt to the size of the target, and when the target is occluded, It stills be able to find new targets and accurate tracking.
How Deep Is Optimal for Learning Locally on Smartphone

In this paper, we introduced some methods to optimize such deep learning models as convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network. Firstly, we introduced some dropout techniques. By regularizing with dropout, we will prevent overfitting and balance the depth of the neural network and the width of each layer. Secondly, we designed an architecture with less layers but more sophisticated activation functions. Thirdly, we adjusted the learning rate and momentum of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization algorithm. SGD can lead to fast convergence by following the negative gradient of the objective based on a mini batch of training subset. Finally, we discussed model compression. The aim is to train locally the deep learning model on smartphone.
Multi-scale representation based on convolutional neural networks for tracking

Visual Tracking technology is one of the major branches in computer vision. Although it has been studied for many years, there are still a number of challenges need to be overcome. In this paper, we propose a tracking algorithm based on multi-scale convolutional neural networks trained on large amounts of tracking sequence data with ground-truth bounding targets. Instead using the raw pixels to feed to the models, we use the image gradient to learn the object representation. We implement this by generating multiple scale version images from Laplacian pyramid, and we maintain a pool of networks corresponding to each kind of video for each scale and utilize the VGG-net to pre-train our models. From the models, we can extract multi-scale feature representations to encode the appearance. In addition, we improved the multiple instance learning tracking algorithm by introduce a penalty factor in the sigmoid function to solve the saturation problem. Using the multi-scale feature representations, we train a classifier combined with the improved MIL algorithm. The results comparing with several state-of-the-art methods on challenging sequences have proved the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
An Evaluation of Agreement of Breathing Rates Measured by a Novel Device, Manual Counting, and Other Techniques Used in Clinical Practice: Protocol for the Observational VENTILATE Study

Background Respiratory rate (RR) is the most sensitive physiological observation to predict clinical deterioration on hospital wards, and poor clinical monitoring has been highlighted as a primary contributor to avoidable mortality. Patients in intensive care have their RR monitored continuously, but this equipment is rarely available on general hospital wards. Objective The primary objective is to assess the accuracy of the RespiraSense device in comparison with other methods currently used in clinical practice. The secondary objective is to assess the accuracy of the RespiraSense device in participants in different positions and when reading aloud. Methods A single-center, prospective observational study will investigate the agreement of the RespiraSense device as compared with other device measurements (capnography, electrocardiogram) and the current standard measurement of RR (manual counting by a trained health care professional). The different methods will be employed concurrently on the same participant as part of a single study visit. Results Recruitment to this study has not yet started as funding decisions are still pending. Therefore, results are not available at this stage. It is anticipated that the data required could be collected within 2 months of first recruitment to the study and data analysis completed within 6 months of the study start date. Conclusions The Evaluation of Agreement of Breathing Rates Measured by a Novel Device, Manual Counting, and Other Techniques Used in Clinical Practice (VENTILATE) study will provide further validation of the use of the RespiraSense device in subjects with abnormal respiratory rates. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/15437
Contribution of informal sector women entrepreneurs to the tourism industry in eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, in KwaZulu-Natal : barriers and issues : recreation and tourism

Informal sector entrepreneurs, particularly women, are providers of livelihoods in many poor and marginalised communities, especially in developing countries, including South Africa. These entrepreneurs are linked largely with the tourism industry by exchanging their goods, services, skills and knowledge with the industry. They are, however, prohibited from trading in some designated areas. This prohibition is closely related to the nature of the sector and types of business activities performed. This article aims to establish whether women entrepreneurs from the informal sector contribute significantly to the tourism industry and thus to the economy of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. Focus-group discussions, interviews, observations and content analysis were used to collect data from these entrepreneurs and leaders in the eThekwini Municipality. The findings suggest that the tourism industry is a crucial sector in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in terms of its contribution to the economy and is closely supported by informal sector entrepreneurs. However, even though these women entrepreneurs are regarded as contributing significantly to the tourism industry in this Municipality, their contribution is limited by a variety of reasons ranging from a lack of business skills and knowledge and the nature of their businesses to the by-laws of the municipality. A proper understanding of the importance of the informal sector entrepreneurs to the tourism industry and the revision of by-laws to accommodate issues involving these entrepreneurs will give this sector an opportunity to strengthen the tourism industry and thus the economic base of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Movement Impairment Syndromes

Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Concepts and Principles of Movement System Balance Chapter 3: Imbalances of the Trunk and Low Back Movement Impairment Syndromes Chapter 4: Lower Extremity Imbalances and Hip Impairment Syndromes Chapter 5: Upper Extremity Imbalances and Shoulder Impairment Syndromes Chapter 6: Examination for Muscle and Movement Imbalances for the Lower Quarter, the Trunk, and the Shoulder Girdle Chapter 7: Exercise Descriptions for the Practitioner Chapter 8: Exercise Handouts for the Patient Chapter 9: Case Studies
Early Head Start Children in Grade 5: Long-Term Followup of the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project Study Sample. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation

This report estimates Early Head Start impacts on children and families when children were in fifth grade. It includes additional nonexperimental analyses to inform program practice and guide future research. Impacts on the full sample of children and families in the grade 5 followup suggest that for the overall sample, Early Head Start did not continue to have the broad pattern of impacts for child and family outcomes seen at earlier ages; however, there were interesting patterns of impacts for some subgroups.
Mapping sdm328, a Suppressor of dmc1-2 in Arabidopsis thaliana

In meiosis, diploid progenitor cells divide to produce haploid gametes, during which chromosomes exchange genetic material. This is known as meiotic recombination and is essential for proper chromosome segregation. The recombinase DMC1 assists in strand invasion between homologous chromosomes during recombination in the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana . A forward genetic screen for reduced recombination frequency resulted in identification of a hypomorphic allele of DMC1 , dmc1-2 . Additional mutagenesis revealed candidate suppressors that possibly interact with DMC1; these suppressors ameliorate the partial-sterility phenotype caused by the dmc1-2 allele. This project seeks to map the suppressor sdm328 . I grew and genotyped 90 F 2 s from a cross between Columbia ( dmc1-2 -/- ; sdm328 -/- ) and Landsberg erecta ( DMC1 +/+ ; SDM328 +/+ ), revealing 19 dmc1-2 homozygotes that were scored for fertility. Ten polymorphic markers between Columbia and Landsberg erecta were used to genotype the F 2 s suggest that sdm328 is on the bottom arm of Chromosome 1. A pool of fertile and sterile F 2 s will be submitted for Illumina sequencing to genetically map the SDM328 locus. Our findings will contribute to current knowledge of meiotic recombination and proteins that interact with DMC1.
Measuring stepwise binding of a thermally fluctuating particle to a cell membrane without labeling

Thermal motions enable a particle to probe the optimal interaction state when binding to a cell membrane. However, especially on the scale of microseconds and nanometers, position and orientation fluctuations are difficult to observe with common measurement technologies. Here we show that it is possible to detect single binding events of IgG-coated polystyrene beads, which are held in an optical trap nearby the cell membrane of a macrophage. Changes in the spatial and temporal thermal fluctuations of the particle were measured interferometrically and no fluorophore labelling was required. We demonstrate both by Brownian dynamic simulations and by experiments that sequential step-wise increases in the force constant of the bond between a bead and a cell of typically 20 pN / µm are clearly detectable. In addition, this technique provides estimates about binding rates and diffusion constants of membrane receptors. The simple approach of thermal noise tracking points out new strategies in understanding interactions between cells and particles, which are relevant for a large variety of processes including phagocytosis, drug delivery or the effects of small microplastics and particulates on cells. SIGNIFICANCE Interactions of cells with nearby particles, e.g. bacteria, viruses or synthetic material, is a very fundamental and complex process, often deciding about the cellular fate. The investigation of binding processes between particle and cell is typically investigated by fluorescence techniques, where fluorophores often hinder the molecular interaction of specific binding partners. Therefore, label-free detection or imaging techniques are essential, which are hardly available especially for live cell investigations. Molecular binding is based on thermal position and orientation fluctuations of the binding partners to find the best interaction state. Here, we present a label-free measurement technique that allows us to detect multiple stepwise binding events of molecules on an optically trapped particle close to the cell membrane.
Directed Energy: Medical Effects of Radio Frequency Exposure (Microwave & Millimeter Wave) - A Literature Review

Abstract : This literature review provides a relatively compact summary of research efforts on diagnosing, managing, and treating injuries caused by radio frequency (RF) radiation exposure. We examined standards, reference documents, and peer-reviewed research that have been published from 2000 to present. The majority of these documents and articles were primarily focused on describing cellular effects and dose-response relationships; very few articles address the medical implications of RF exposure. Furthermore, most of these articles appear in specialized journals, which are not commonly found in medical libraries, or in technical reports with very limited distribution. As a result, there is a wide disparity in what is known about directed energy in the laboratory and what is known by clinicians. The intent of this paper is to help transition the body of knowledge from the laboratories to the clinicians. To that end, the adverse biological effects resulting from RF exposure are due to temperature elevation. The increase in temperature can be severe enough to cause localized burning of tissue or elevation of body temperature to dangerous levels. The major difference between RF-induced injuries and ordinary burns is the location of the damage. A unique characteristic of RF energy is its ability to penetrate deeper into the body and heat internal structures, such as muscles and organs, without elevating skin temperature. Investigating the therapeutic potential of pharmacologic agents and exploring new management and treatment options for RF-induced burn injuries are recommended.