Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communication Compact Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna for Wide-Angle Beam Scanning With Circular Polarization

In this communication, a meandered microstrip line leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is proposed with circular polarization (CP), high radiation gain, and wide beam scanning range. The utilization of periodical meander technology in the microstrip line format not only leads to structure compactness, but also generates a higher space harmonic for beam scanning characteristics. The leakage rate and CP generation are controlled by the titled angle and width ratio of the meandered line, respectively. In addition, two shunt grounded stubs and one isolation wall between inclined arms are employed in each period to suppress the open stopband (OSB) effect and improve the radiation performance through a wide beam steering range. Compared with other similar designs, the proposed antenna shows advantageous characteristics of extremely simple structure (single-layer), compact size (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.23\lambda _{0} \times 6.0\lambda _{0} \times 0.04\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free space wavelength at the broadside frequency, i.e., 13.1 GHz), wide functional beam scanning range with CP (43.5%) and high radiation gain (15.5 dBic), which satisfies the increasing demand for the miniaturization and integration of frequency-dependent devices.
The Effects of Kinesiology Treatment on Morphological Characteristics of Top Table Tennis Players with Disabilities

The effects of kinesiology treatment on morphological characteristics of top table tennis players with disabilities. J. 40(4) :939-945, 2022. SUMMARY: Sports results of table tennis players with disabilities depend on the functionality level, but also on morphological characteristics. There is an increased risk of obesity in these athletes with disability due to a reduced level of locomotor functionality. The hitherto practice showed that leading table tennis players with disabilities in Serbia did not have an additional kinesiology treatment implemented as part of their training process, which would encourage both strengthening and flexibility of muscle groups relevant for the efficacy of table tennis game, and reduction of body mass and voluminosity. The goal of this paper is to apply an additional kinesiology treatment and determine its effect of on the morphological characteristics of leading table tennis players with disabilities. Eight representatives, table tennis players with disabilities, both male and female, aged between 23 and 52, were included in the additional kinesiology treatment that lasted for nine months. The measures of longitudinal skeleton dimensionality, body mass and volume, subcutaneous adipose tissue and body mass index were analyzed. In order to establish the effects of kinesiology treatment Student's t-test was used, while the results were processed by means of a statistical package SPSS, version 14.0. The values were estimated at p < 0.05 significance level. Male respondents demonstrated statistically significant changes in biceps skinfold (p = 0.05). In the case of female respondents no statistically significant difference was observed in anthropometric space. The additional kinesiology treatment indicates a trend towards reduced voluminosity and body mass of both male and female respondents, but not at a statistically significant level, which is probably the result of an insufficient number of respondents. Continued additional kinesiology treatment should be included in the training process of male and female table tennis players with disabilities, which has not been the case up until now.
Selected vector-meson decay distributions in reactions of polarized photons with protons

We develop a formalism for studying vector-meson ($V$) photoproduction at the proton ($p$) with polarized photons, $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\ensuremath{\gamma}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}Vp$, through an analysis of the decay distribution in the channel $V\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}\ensuremath{\gamma}$. We show that this decay distribution differs noticeably from the distributions of purely hadronic decays, like $\ensuremath{\phi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. Formulas for the decay distributions are presented that are suitable for data analysis and interpretation.
Effective Constitutive Parameters of Plasmonic Metamaterials: A Direct Approach

We introduce a general implementation of the recently proposed homogenization theory [Tsukerman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28, 577 (2011)] allowing one to retrieve all 36 linear constitutive parameters of any 3D metamaterial with parallelepipedal unit cells. The effective parameters are defined directly as linear relations between pairs of coarse-grained fields, in contrast with methods where these parameters are obtained from reflection/transmission data or other indirect considerations. The method is applied to plasmonic metamaterials with spherical gold particles and split-ring resonators (SRR), respectively. In both cases, the expected physical behavior is reproduced almost perfectly, with no unphysical artifacts.
Updated CMB constraints on dark matter annihilation cross sections

Institute for Theoretical Physics, Univ. of Zu¨rich, Winterthurerst. 190, 8057 Zu¨rich CHThe injection of secondary particles produced by Dark Matter (DM) annihilation at redshift100 <∼ z <∼ 1000 aﬀects the process of recombination, leaving an imprint on Cosmic MicrowaveBackground (CMB) anisotropies. Here we provide a new assessment of the constraints set by CMBdata on the mass and self-annihilation cross-section of DM particles. Our new analysis includes themost recent WMAP (7-year) and ACT data, as well as an improved treatment of the time-dependentcoupling between the DM annihilation energy with the thermal gas. We show in particular that theimproved measurement of the polarization signal places already stringent constraints on light DMparticles, ruling out ‘thermal’ WIMPs with mass m
Evolution of column density distributions within Orion A

We compare the structure of star-forming molecular clouds in different regions of Orion A to determine how the column density probability distribution function (N-PDF) varies with environmental conditions such as the fraction of young protostars. A correlation between the N-PDF slope and Class 0 protostar fraction has been previously observed in a low-mass star-formation region (Perseus) by Sadavoy; here we test if a similar correlation is observed in a high-mass star-forming region. We use Herschel data to derive a column density map of Orion A. We use the Herschel Orion Protostar Survey catalog for accurate identification and classification of the Orion A young stellar object (YSO) content, including the short-lived Class 0 protostars (with a $\sim$ 0.14 Myr lifetime). We divide Orion A into eight independent 13.5 pc$^2$ regions; in each region we fit the N-PDF distribution with a power-law, and we measure the fraction of Class 0 protostars. We use a maximum likelihood method to measure the N-PDF power-law index without binning. We find that the Class 0 fraction is higher in regions with flatter column density distributions. We test the effects of incompleteness, YSO misclassification, resolution, and pixel-scale. We show that these effects cannot account for the observed trend. Our observations demonstrate an association between the slope of the power-law N-PDF and the Class 0 fractions within Orion A. Various interpretations are discussed including timescales based on the Class 0 protostar fraction assuming a constant star-formation rate. The observed relation suggests that the N-PDF can be related to an "evolutionary state" of the gas. If universal, such a relation permits an evaluation of the evolutionary state from the N-PDF power-law index at much greater distances than those accesible with protostar counts. (abridged)
Improving protein structure prediction, refinement and quality assessment techniques

Several novel techniques have been combined to improve protein structure prediction, structural refinement and quality assessment of protein models. We discuss in brief the development of four-body potentials that take into account dense packing and cooperativity of interactions of proteins, and its success. We have developed a method that uses whole protein information filtered through machine learning to score protein models based on their likeness to native structure. Here we consider electrostatic interactions and residue depth, and use these for structure prediction. These potentials were tested to be successful in CASP9 and CASP10. We have also developed a Quality Assessment technique, MQAPsingle, which is a quasi-single-model MQAP, by combining advantages of both “pure” single-model MQAPs and clustering MQAPs. This technique can be used in ranking and assessing the absolute global quality of single protein models. This model (Pawlowski-Kloczkowski) was ranked 3rd in Model Quality Assessment in CASP10. Consideration of protein flexibility and its fluctuation dynamics improves protein structure prediction and leads to better refinement of computational models of proteins. Here we also discuss how Anisotropic Network Model (ANM) of protein fluctuation dynamics and Go-like model of energy score can be used for novel protein structure refinement.
Research priorities for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): the results of a James Lind alliance priority setting exercise

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify research priorities of people with myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and those who support and care for them. Method: Using the James Lind Alliance’s protocols, online surveys and workshops were held. The first survey asked participants from the U.K. to submit research questions about ME/CFS which were important to them. In the second, participants prioritised frequently submitted questions from the 1st survey. These were short listed and then workshop discussions were held to reach consensus on the top ten research priorities. Results: 1565 participated in the 1st survey and 5300 research priorities were submitted. 1752 participated in the 2nd. In both surveys, the predominant demographic was white, middle-aged women with ME/CFS. 15–17% were family/carers of people with ME/CFS and 4–6% were health and social care workers. From the 1st survey, 59 summary questions were identified. These were prioritised and short listed to 18 questions. Of these, the top 10 covered 1. Post-exertional malaise, 2. Use of existing drugs for other conditions, 3. Diagnosis, 4. Autoimmunity, 5. Sub-types, 6. Post-infective cause, 7. Neurological symptomology, 8. Genetics, 9. Severe ME/CFS, 10. Mitochronical dysfunction and 10 (equal) Oxygenation dysfunction. Conclusion: People with ME/CFS, their families and carers, and health care professionals worked together to identify, for the first time, the research priorities for ME/CFS. These focus on the biomedical causes of ME/CFS and how to diagnose, treat and manage it. Researchers and funding bodies should consider these in their plans for future research.
Nanoscale rectification at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

Nanoscale control over electron transport at scales that are comparable to the Fermi wavelength or mean-free path can lead to new families of electronic devices. Here we report electrical rectification in nanowires formed by nanoscale control of the metal-insulator transition at the interface between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3. Controlled in-plane asymmetry in the confinement potential produces electrical rectification in the nanowire, analogous to what occurs naturally for Schottky diodes or by design in structures with engineered structural inversion asymmetry. Nanostructures produced in this manner may be useful for electro-optic applications or in spintronic devices.
Introducing Quantum Technologies at Secondary School Level: Challenges and Potential Impact of an Online Extracurricular Course

Stimulated by the European project “QTEdu CSA”, within the flagship “Quantum Technologies”, a community of researchers active in the fields of quantum technologies and physics education has designed and implemented an extracurricular course on quantum physics concepts and quantum technologies applications for high school. The course, which featured eight interactive lectures, was organized online between March and May 2021 and attended by about 250 students from all over Italy. In this paper, we describe the main tenets and activities of the course. Moreover, we report on the effectiveness of the course on students’ knowledge of the basic concepts of quantum physics and students’ views about epistemic aspects and applications of quantum technologies. Results show that the designed activities were effective in improving students’ knowledge about fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and familiarizing them with quantum technology applications.
In-Plane Magnetic Field Tolerance of a Dispersive Aluminum Nanobridge SQUID Magnetometer

We characterize the flux sensitivity of a dispersive 3D aluminum nanobridge SQUID magnetometer as a function of applied in-plane magnetic field. In zero field, we observe an effective flux noise of 17 n$\Phi_0$/Hz$^{1/2}$ with 25 MHz of bandwidth. Flux noise increased by less than a factor of three with parallel magnetic fields up to 61 mT. Operation in higher fields may be possible by decreasing the dimensions of the shunt capacitor in the magnetometer circuit. These devices are thus well suited for observing high-speed dynamics in nanoscale magnets, even in the presence of moderate bias magnetic fields.
Investigation of the scalar spectrum in SU(3) with eight degenerate flavors

The Lattice Strong Dynamics collaboration is investigating the properties of a SU(3) gauge theory with $N_f = 8$ light fermions on the lattice. We measure the masses of the lightest pseudoscalar, scalar and vector states using simulations with the nHYP staggered-fermion action on large volumes and at small fermion masses, reaching $M_{\rho}/M_{\pi} \approx 2.2$. The axial-vector meson and the nucleon are also studied for the same range of fermion masses. One of the interesting features of this theory is the dynamical presence of a light flavor-singlet scalar state with $0^{++}$ quantum numbers that is lighter than the vector resonance and has a mass consistent with the one of the pseudoscalar state for the whole fermion mass range explored. We comment on the existence of such state emerging from our lattice simulations and on the challenges of its analysis. Moreover we highlight the difficulties in pursuing simulations in the chiral regime of this theory using large volumes.
Analysis of the simultaneous influence of the horizontal seismic load components on buildings

Earthquake records indicate that earthquake motion is an irregular oscillatory soil movement as a consequence of the heterogeneity of the soil material, as well as due to reflection, refraction, and interference of seismic waves. The trajectories of soil particle movement during an earthquake are proven to be chaotic, so the approximation of seismic effects by a simplified collinear model is very rough from an engineering point of view. The directions of the earthquake during the duration of the earthquake event affects the results of the seismic calculation. In this paper, the simultaneous influence of horizontal seismic load components on buildings has been analyzed. Actual seismic norms deal with this issue and define recommendations that should be applied in the design. This paper discussed how realistic and applicable these recommendations are in standard engineering design. A series of time history analyses of the horizontal stiffness of reinforced concrete regular and irregular structures were performed. Two earthquake events with a markedly changing direction of the ground acceleration vector were taken as the load. Significant differences in the influence values of the adopted representative parameters were determined for the two considered cases of collinear and simultaneous effects. In the conclusion, a critical review of the usual seismic calculation and the provisions of Eurocode 8, related to the effect of the horizontal components of the seismic load, is given. Finally, the paper comments on the introduction of corrective factors in cases where simultaneous action is not considered.
Cosmological constraints on fast transition unified dark energy and dark matter models

We explore the observational adequacy of a class of Unified Dark Energy/Matter (UDE/M) models with a fast transition. Our constraints are set using a combination of geometric probes, some low redshift ones, and some high redshift ones (CMB related included). The transition is phenomenologically modeled by two different transition functions corresponding to a fast and to an ultra-fast transition respectively. We find that the key parameters governing the transition can be well constrained, and from the statistical point of view it follows that the models cannot be discarded when compared to $\Lambda$CDM. We find the intriguing result that standard/input parameters such as $\Omega_m$ and $\Omega_b$ are far better constrained than in $\Lambda$CDM, and this is the case for the derived/output parameter measuring the deceleration value at present, $q_0$.
Impart Contextualization to Static Word Embeddings through Semantic Relations

Dense word embedding is the foundational 001 model for the downstream NLP research. It 002 encodes the meanings of words into low di-003 mensional vector spaces. Recent models with 004 the start-of-the-art performances mostly adopt 005 the contextualized word embeddings, which 006 can distinguish the various meanings of the 007 words by their dynamic context. To impart the 008 information of context to the static word em-009 beddings, we formulate 3 semantic relations: 010 interchangeable, opposite and relative relation 011 to find a sub-set of dimensions for interpret-012 ing the specific context. The experiment shows 013 that the relations can be mined from fastText 014 embedding. 015
Extraction of thermal and electromagnetic properties in Ti(45)

The level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray strength function of $^{45}\mathrm{Ti}$ have been determined by use of the Oslo method. The particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidences from the $^{46}\mathrm{Ti}$$(p,d\ensuremath{\gamma})$$^{45}\mathrm{Ti}$ pick-up reaction with $32$-MeV protons are utilized to obtain $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectra as function of excitation energy. The extracted level density and strength function are compared with models, which are found to describe these quantities satisfactorily. The data do reveal no single-particle energy gaps of the underlying doubly magic $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ core, probably due to the strong quadruple deformation.
SOLITON NATURE OF EQUILIBRIUM STATE OF TWO CHARGED MASSES IN GENERAL RELATIVITY

New derivation of static equilibrium state for two charged masses in General Relativity is given in the framework of the Inverse Scattering Method in contradistinction to our previous derivation of this solution by the Integral Equation Method. This shows that such solution is of solitonic character and represents the particular case of more general (12-parametric) stationary axisymmetric electrovacuum two-soliton solution for two rotating charged objects obtained by one of the authors in 1986. This result gives an additional support to our comprehension that the appropriate analytical continuations of solitonic solutions in the space of their parameters are always possible and that applicability of the Inverse Scattering Method in presence of electromagnetic field is not restricted only to the cases with naked singularities. The paper represents the shortened version of the plenary talk given at the Second Galileo - Xu Guangqi meeting (July 12-18, 2010, Ventimiglia, Italy).
GRB980923. A BURST WITH A SHORT DURATION HIGH-ENERGY COMPONENT

The prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is usually well described by the Band function: two power laws (PLs) joined smoothly at a given break energy. In addition to the Band component, a few bursts (GRB941017, GRB090510, GRB090902B, and GRB090926A) show clear evidence of a distinct high-energy spectral component, which in some cases evolves independently from the prompt keV component and is well described by a PL, sometimes with a cutoff energy; this component is found to have long duration, even longer than the burst itself for all four bursts. Here we report the observation of an anomalous short duration high-energy component in GRB980923. GRB980923 is one of the brightest GRBs observed by BATSE. Its light curve is characterized by a rapid variability phase lasting ∼40 s, followed by a smooth emission tail lasting ∼400 s. A detailed joint analysis of BATSE (Large Area Detector and Spectroscopy Detector) and EGRET TASC data of GRB980923 reveals the presence of an anomalous keV to MeV component in the spectrum that evolves independently from the prompt keV one. This component is well described by a PL with a spectral index of −1.44 and lasts only ∼2 s; it represents one of the three clearly separated spectral components identified in GRB980923, the other two being the keV prompt emission, well described by the Band function and the tail, well fit by a Smoothly Broken Power Law.
Dynamical Effects of Excess Carriers on SOI FeFET Memory Device Operations

We study the carrier dynamics of memory program (PGM) and readout operations for an n-type silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) through TCAD simulations. We found that gate-induced drain leakages (GIDL) during the PGM operation with large negative gate biases can result in excess hole concentrations as high as 7.3 $\times 10^{{20}}$ cm $^{-{3}}$ in the potential well formed in the SOI channel. The hole accumulation causes a large electric field across the ferroelectric (FE) layer and results in a polarization boost at a low PGM voltage. For a nano-scale SOI channel, the retention time of the excess holes can exceed microseconds according to our simulations. The outflow of the excess holes leads to a transient effect in the drain current during the readout operation, and we observed additional retention effects for the FeFET memory window due to the hole dynamic effects on the electrostatics and the FE polarizations. While the excess holes result in a ~100 ps delay in the readout phase before a large read margin can be detected, they have boosted the PGM speed and polarization window. The boosted polarization can be retained for milliseconds, and potentially beyond, resulting in an appreciable ON/OFF ratio during readout. Therefore, such effects can be utilized for low-power memory applications through proper SOI FeFET designs with the awareness of excess carrier dynamics.
Path Integrals for (Complex) Classical and Quantum Mechanics

An analysis of classical mechanics in a complex extension of phase space shows that a particle in such a space can behave in a way redolant of quantum mechanics; additional degrees of freedom permit 'tunnelling' without recourse to instantons and lead to time/energy uncertainty. In practice, 'classical' particle trajectories with additional degrees of freedom have arisen in several different formulations of quantum mechanics. In this talk we compare the extended phase space of the closed time-path formalism with that of complex classical mechanics, to suggest that $\hbar$ has a role in our understanding of the latter. However, differences in the way that trajectories are used make a deeper comparison problematical. We conclude with some thoughts on quantisation as dimensional reduction.