Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review On Improved Partical Swarm Optimization For Multi-Ojective Optical Power Flow Considering The Cost,Loss, Emission And Voltage Stability Index

Traditional Economic Load Dispatch deals with minimizing generation cost while maintaining set of equality and equality constraints. On the other hand, the fossil fuel plants pollutes environment by emitting some toxic gases. Thus conventional minimum cost operation can not be the only basis for generation dispatch; emission minimization must also be taken care of. Power system must be operated in such a way that both real and reactive powers are optimized simultaneously. Reactive powers should be optimized to provide better voltage profile as well as to reduce system losses. Thus the objective of reactive power optimization problem can be seen as minimization of real power loss over the transmission lines. Now a days large integrated power systems are being operated under heavily stressed conditions which imposes threat to voltage stability. Voltage collapse occurs when a very low voltage profile or collapses. All these four objectives are to be met for efficient operation and control. The results of all the four objectives are conflicting and noncommensurable. Hence an efficient control which meets all the specified objectives is required. In this project an attempt has been made to optimize each objective individually using Particle Swarm Optimization. The so developed algorithm for Optimization of each objective is tested on two systems i.e. on IEEE 30 and IEEE 57 bus system. In this work a method has been proposed to solve multiobjective optimization method using fuzzy decision satisfaction method while the objectives are minimized individually using Particle Swarm Optimization. Simulation results of IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 57 bus network are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method .
Experimental Models of Brain Hemorrhage Using Clostridial Collagenase

Spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) represents approximately 10% of all intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and is an important clinical problem of which little is known. This study stereotaxically infused collagenase (type VII) into the deep cerebellar paramedian white matter, which corresponds to the most common clinical injury region. Measures of hemostasis (brain water, hemoglobin assay, Evans blue, collagen-IV, ZO-1, and MMP-2 and MMP-9) and neurodeficit were quantified twenty-four hours later (Experiment 1). Long-term functional outcomes were measured over thirty days using the ataxia scale (modified Luciani), open field, wire suspension, beam balance and inclined plane (Experiment 2). Neurocognitive ability was assessed on the third week using the rotarod (motor learning), T-maze (working memory) and water-maze (spatial learning and memory) (Experiment 3), and this was followed by a histopathological analysis one week later (Experiment 4). Stereotaxic collagenase infusion caused dose-dependent elevations in brain edema,
Integrated scheduling and link adaptation for heterogeneous networks: design and performance analysis

ABSTRACT This paper presents novel integrated scheduling and link adaptation (ISLA) schemes for links which have a common spectrum and possibly different rates and reliability constraints. We consider the problem of weighted sum average rate maximisation of wireless links. In an orthogonal transmission system, a link is selected using instantaneous signal-to-noise (SNR) of all the links, and its rate and power are set in a jointly optimised manner. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we analyse ISLA schemes with continuous rate adaptation using constant or adaptive transmission powers. ISLA schemes are designed in similar settings for practical discrete rate-adaptive systems using adaptive modulation and coding. To this end, a design framework is presented, which relies on a partitioning of space of links’ SNRs into regions, similar to structured vector quantisation. Within this framework, a particular ISLA design with high performance and polynomial complexity is suggested. The proposed schemes are designed before the start of the transmission, based on closed-form solutions, and can easily be applied to multiple access or broadcast networks. We also analyse several schemes for comparison, which employ modified Round-Robin, opportunistic scheduling or online generalised scheduling. Numerical results demonstrate how the proposed ISLA schemes outperform the benchmark schemes and effectively meet various user requirements.1
Which B2B Thinker Are You

Despite its substantial economic contribution, the field of business-to-business (B2B) sales has been underrepresented in the academic sales and marketing (S&M) literature. Much of the published literature covers traditional, transaction-marketing-related topics. To identify recent trends in thinking, this descriptive study evaluated 201 contributions to the B2B S&M domain. A factor analysis revealed three dimensions across emerging themes: relationship selling, management of sales and tactical selling. The factor scores were then clustered into four schools of thought: transactionists, blue suiters, servants and partners. Such tandem clustering provides a generalisable approach for qualitatively exploring emerging themes through an iterative literature search and then quantitatively analysing theme patterns across authors to describe schools of thought in a taxonomy.
Advances in Embedded and Fan‐Out Wafer‐Level Packaging Technologies

Embedded and fan-out wafer level packaging (FO-WLP) technologies have been developed across the industry over the past 15 years and have been in high volume manufacturing for nearly a decade. This book covers the advances that have been made in this new packaging technology and discusses the many benefits it provides to the electronic packaging industry and supply chain. It provides a compact overview of the major types of technologies offered in this field, on what is available, how it is processed, what is driving its development, and the pros and cons.
Big Archaeology: Horizons and Blindspots

ABSTRACT Big data have arrived in archaeology, in the form of both large-scale datasets themselves and in the analytics and approaches of data science. Aerial data collected from satellite-, airborne- and UAV-mounted sensors have been particularly transformational, allowing us to capture more sites and features, over larger areas, at greater resolution, and in formerly inaccessible landscapes. However, these new means of collecting, processing, and visualizing datasets also present fresh challenges for archaeologists. What kinds of questions are these methods suited to answer, and where do they fall short? How do they articulate with the work of collecting smaller scale and lower resolution data? How are our relationships with “local” communities impacted by working at the scales of entire provinces, nation-states, and continents? This themed issue seeks to foster a conversation about how the unprecedented expansion of archaeological site detection, the globalization of archaeological data structures and databases, and the use of high-resolution aerial datasets are changing both the way archaeologists envision the past and the way we work in the present. In our introduction to the issue, presented here, we outline a series of conceptual and ethical issues posed by big data approaches in archaeology and provide an overview of how the nine essays that comprise this volume each address them.
On the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops: A case study on date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Crop diversity is shaped by biological and social processes interacting at different spatiotemporal scales. Here, we combined population genetics and ethnobotany to investigate date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) diversity in Siwa Oasis, Egypt. Based on interviews with farmers and observation of practices in the field, we collected 149 date palms from Siwa Oasis and 27 uncultivated date palms from abandoned oases in the surrounding desert. Using genotyping data from 18 nuclear and plastid microsatellite loci, we confirmed that some named types each constitute a clonal line, that is, a true‐to‐type cultivar. We also found that others are collections of clonal lines, that is, ethnovarieties, or even unrelated samples, that is, local categories. This alters current assessments of agrobiodiversity, which are visibly underestimated, and uncovers the impact of low‐intensity, but highly effective, farming practices on biodiversity. These hardly observable practices, hypothesized by ethnographic survey and confirmed by genetic analysis, are enabled by the way Isiwans conceive and classify living beings in their oasis, which do not quite match the way biologists do: a classic disparity of etic versus. emic categorizations. In addition, we established that Siwa date palms represent a unique and highly diverse genetic cluster, rather than a subset of North African and Middle Eastern palm diversity. As previously shown, North African date palms display evidence of introgression by the wild relative Phoenix theophrasti, and we found that the uncultivated date palms from the abandoned oases share even more alleles with this species than cultivated palms in this region. The study of Siwa date palms could hence be a key to the understanding of date palm diversification in North Africa. Integration of ethnography and population genetics promoted the understanding of the interplay between diversity management in the oasis (short‐time scale), and the origins and dynamic of diversity through domestication and diversification (long‐time scale).
Blind source separation using recursive TDD: Introduction of a threshold on separation performance

For most of the blind separation methods of convolutive mixtures, the parameters of unmixing filter are derived in frequency domain. This leads to a seldom mentioned but important problem that generally the independence assumption between source signals collapses in frequency domain because of the inadequate samples. There exists correlation at each frequency bin. Sometimes it is too high to be neglected and consequently degrades the performance of all the BSS methods in various degrees. In this paper, we propose a recursive algorithm for lowering the unfavorable effect from the correlation, and combine it with the TDD-based blind separation method proposed by S. Ikeda and N. Murata. The bin mixtures are separated into the components of the sources as practical instead of the independent bins as achieved by the conventional method. The signal-to-noise ratio is greatly increased at certain bins, which results in a much better separation.
PE5–PPE4–EspG3 heterotrimer structure from mycobacterial ESX-3 secretion system gives insight into cognate substrate recognition by ESX systems

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has evolved numerous type VII secretion (ESX) systems to secrete multiple factors important for both growth and virulence across their cell envelope. ESX-1, ESX-3, and ESX-5 systems have been shown to each secrete a distinct set of substrates, including PE and PPE families of proteins, named for conserved Pro-Glu and Pro-Pro-Glu motifs in their N termini. Proper secretion of the PE–PPE proteins requires the presence of EspG, with each system encoding its own unique copy. There is no cross-talk between any of the ESX systems, and how each EspG recognizes its subset of PE–PPE proteins is currently unknown. The only current structural characterization of PE–PPE–EspG heterotrimers is from the ESX-5 system. Here we present the crystal structure of the PE5mt–PPE4mt–EspG3mm heterotrimer from the ESX-3 system. Our heterotrimer reveals that EspG3mm interacts exclusively with PPE4mt in a similar manner to EspG5, shielding the hydrophobic tip of PPE4mt from solvent. The C-terminal helical domain of EspG3mm is dynamic, alternating between “open” and “closed” forms, and this movement is likely functionally relevant in the unloading of PE–PPE heterodimers at the secretion machinery. In contrast to the previously solved ESX-5 heterotrimers, the PE–PPE heterodimer of our ESX-3 heterotrimer is interacting with its chaperone at a drastically different angle and presents different faces of the PPE protein to the chaperone. We conclude that the PPE–EspG interface from each ESX system has a unique shape complementarity that allows each EspG to discriminate among noncognate PE–PPE pairs.
A method for reduction of human ventricular action potential model

ABSTRACT Mathematical modelling and computer simulations are important tools in the field of cardiac electrophysiology. High computational costs of complex models make them difficult to apply in large-scale simulations like tissue. Therefore, model reduction are of particular importance in heart studies. In this paper, we introduce a technique for simplification of ventricular cell(VC) complex models. By using this technique, starting with a complex model of human VC including 17state variables, we reduce the number of state variables to two. Our simplified model is compared with the original one via several electrophysiological features and computational efficiency. Results show that the reduced model has acceptable behaviours in single cell and one-dimensional simulation, moreover, is 55 times faster than the original one. As the presented method does not depend on the reference model, it may be applied to every cardiac cell models or each complex excitable dynamical systems with the same dynamics as VC.
Identifying Critical Genes for Cholesterol Metabolism in Macrophages Using CRISPR-Cas9 Whole-Genome Screens

v Chapter I 1 Public health significance and overview of atherosclerosis pathophysiology 1 Significance of this work 2 Macrophage exposure to LDL leads to elevated cholesterol trafficking, lipid droplet formation and elevated neutral lipid metabolism. 4 References 9 Chapter II 16 Introduction 16 Methods 19 Results 27 CRISPR-Cas9 whole genome screens identified and ranked genes regulating the neutral lipid content of BMDMs 27 Genes leading to low neutral lipid content in BMDMs were validated by targeted sgRNA gene disruption 28 Genes leading to accumulation of neutral lipid in BMDMs post-LDL chase were identified and validated by targeted sgRNA gene disruption 31 References 44 Chapter III 58 Golgi apparatus conserved oligomeric complex and endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex are critical for LDL processing as revealed by CRISPR-Cas9 whole genome screens 58 Model for low-density lipoprotein uptake, lipid droplet formation and degradation, and cholesterol metabolism in BMDMs 61 References 62 Supplement 65
Management of outpatients undergoing contrast enhanced CT at increased risk for contrast induced nephropathy: A retrospective audit of clinical practice

Poster: "RANZCR ASM 2013 / R-0169 / Management of outpatients undergoing contrast enhanced CT at increased risk for contrast induced nephropathy: A retrospective audit of clinical practice" by: "M. Bateman, N. Maani, B. Buckley; Auckland/NZ"
Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the Tensift region, with comments on its spreading in Morocco

The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a generalist pathogen that affects many amphibian species and is responsible of chytridiomycosis onset, considered as the main causes of species extinctions and populations declines worldwide. The chytrid fungal pathogen has been first described in North Africa in 2011. The present work reported the first survey on Bd prevalence and intensity in the Tensift region of Morocco. The survey has been conducted on 11 different localities by collecting skin swabs and tissue samples of 97 individuals. Using a quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) protocol, low-intensity of Bd infection has been detected in the area of study. In fact, the chytrid fungal pathogen has been identified in 10 individuals distributed in six of the 11 sites investigated, placing the 95% confidence interval for overall prevalence at 5.5-19.6%. The survey confirmed the occurrence of Bd at both high and low altitude localities, on four species out of seven known to inhabit the region and added two additional species (Pelophylax saharicus and Sclerophrys mauritanica) to the list of Bd susceptible amphibians in Morocco. The present records extended Bd distribution more than 400 km in the South of Morocco, indicating that the chytrid fungal pathogen is more widespread in the country than previously thought.
Randomized phase II study of everolimus (E), leuprolide + letrozole (LL), and E + LL (ELL) in patients (pts) with unresectable fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC).

e15149 Background: FLC, a rare primary liver malignancy affecting adolescents and young adults without an underlying history of chronic liver disease, presently lacks a proven standard of care. FLC is associated with elevated serum estrogen levels, aromatase overexpression, pregnancy, and oral contraceptive use, as well as male gynecomastia that may regress following tumor resection. Upregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling has also been linked with FLC. Methods: Pts with FLC histologic diagnosis, ECOG 0-2, and adequate bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function were randomized to receive E, LL, or ELL; upon disease progression, pts receiving E or LL alone were additionally treated with LL or E respectively. The primary study endpoint was progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS6). Secondary endpoints: median PFS, median overall survival (OS), response rate by RECIST 1.1, rate of conversion to resectable status, and safety. An extensive profile of correlative tissue and serum biomarkers was performed and w.
Altered Distribution of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Normoganglionic and Transitional Zone of Hirschsprung Disease and Their Clinical Significance

Objective − The aim of this study was to evaluate interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in Hirschsprung disease (HD), especially in children who had postsurgical problems. Material and Methods − The study included tissue samples of normoganglionic (NZ) and transitional zone (TZ) of 33 HD pediatric patients. Samples of bowel from 10 autopsy controls who did not have dysmotility were also analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (MAP-2 and c-Kit (CD117)) staining were performed. Myenteric ganglia were analyzed at 5 microscopic fields H&E and MAP-2 stained sections (magnification 400×). The diameters of the submucosal nerves were measured at 3 microscopic H&E fields (magnification 400×). The ICC were analyzed on c-Kit immunostained slides at 3 microscopic fields per each bowel layer (magnification 200×): deep submucosa, circular and longitudinal muscular layer and zone of myenteric plexus. Results − The myenteric ganglion cell count was significantly lower in TZ of all children with HD, while there were no significant differences in NZ between the study group and age-matched controls. The ICC network was affected in all cases of HD. The total ICC count was significantly lower in NZ than in control (P<0.001). A critically lower ICC count (<50% of minimal ICC count in the control group) in the NZ was found in patients with postoperative problems (constipation and enterocolitis). Conclusion − Decreased count of the ICC in the NZ could be the cause of intestinal motility difficulties in the postoperative period in children with HD.
Metrics of Growth Habit Derived from the 3D Tree Point Cloud Used for Species Determination—A New Approach in Botanical Taxonomy Tested on Dragon Tree Group Example

Detailed, three-dimensional modeling of trees is a new approach in botanical taxonomy. Representations of individual trees are a prerequisite for accurate assessments of tree growth and morphological metronomy. This study tests the abilities of 3D modeling of trees to determine the various metrics of growth habit and compare morphological differences. The study included four species of the genus Dracaena: D. draco, D. cinnabari, D. ombet, and D. serrulata. Forty-nine 3D tree point clouds were created, and their morphological metrics were derived and compared. Our results indicate the possible application of 3D tree point clouds to dendrological taxonomy. Basic metrics of growth habit and coefficients derived from the 3D point clouds developed in the present study enable the statistical evaluation of differences among dragon tree species.
Uniform Information Density in Music

The theory of Uniform Information Density states that communication is optimal when information is presented at a moderate and uniform rate. Three predictions follow for music: (1) low-probability events should be longer in duration than high-probability events; (2) low-probability events should be juxtaposed with high-probability events; (3) an event that is low in probability in one dimension should be high in probability in other dimensions. I present evidence supporting all three of these predictions from three diverse areas of musical practice: Renaissance counterpoint, expressive performance, and common-practice themes.
Physiochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Made-In-Transit Yogurt

Made-in-transit (MIT) is a supply chain concept for the complete or partial manufacturing or production of perishable foods while being transported to the market. A 33 factorial design was carried out looking at the fermentation temperature (25°C, 30°C, and 35°C), apple fiber concentration (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% v/w), and experimental treatment (no vibration or vibration to mimic that associated with transportation). Yogurt was manufactured using one of the four apple fiber concentrations and then fermented under one of the three fermented temperatures for 48 hours before being shifted into a 4°C cold room to finalize the gelling process. Physical-chemical properties including titratable acidity, pH, whey syneresis, and texture analysis were analyzed for all conditions using two-way ANOVA. There were noticeable differences between the fermentation temperature and the experimental treatment on the physical-chemical and sensory attributes measured. The apple fiber had no impact. A total of 63 people participated in a hedonic testing study to look at the impact the fermentation temperature, apple concentration, and the experimental treatment had on the appearance, aroma, taste, and mouthfeel of the yogurt. Consumers found the MIT yogurt to be unacceptable based upon all attributes tested (appearance, aroma, flavor, and mouthfeel).
The Role of Community Nurses in the Prevention of Complications on Hypertension Patients in Integrated Health Centers

Complications of hypertensive patients are expected to continue to increase. Integrated Health Center of Sikumana, Kupang City is one of the major health centers that have a high case of hypertension complications in Kupang City, NTT Province. The objective of this study is to determine the role of community nurses in the prevention of complications in hypertensive patients at the Integrated Health Center of Sikumana, Kupang City. The research method is descriptive with a survey design. The population in research is nurses in the Integrated Health Center of Sikumana, Kupang City comprising 21 people. The sample was taken from the total population with inclusion criteria of PNS (civil servant) and PTT (non-permanent employee) nurses from the government, minimum education of Nursing D-III, and working period ≥ 2 years. The results showed 52.4% of nurses assessed risk factors for complications in hypertensive patients, 81% formulated nursing diagnoses, 76.2% developed intervention plans, 76.2% implemented, 54.5% conducted community empowerment, 85.7% conducted health education, 95.5% conducted referral in prevention complications in hypertensive patients. It can be concluded that the role of community nurses in the prevention of complications in hypertensive patients in Integrated Health Center of Sikumana, Kupang City has largely been conducted well, and it is recommended that nurses at the Integrated Health Center have participated actively in following various training and work on the community nursing process to comply with the latest instructions and regulations.