Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cropping method for perennial ratoon rice (SALIBU).

Background: Generally, the yield of ratoon rice is at most 50% of the main crop. However, a cropping method "SALIBU" achieved more yield than the main crop and could be used for the cultivation of perennial cropping. Although the SALIBU method is implementing 10 additional management practices to conventional method, the effect of each management practice is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect size and the robustness of each management practice. Methodology: We evaluated the effect size using an L 16 orthogonal array design pot experiment. For the robustness, we duplicated the experiment under both standard and checked whether the practice shows the same effect size. The bad conditions were low plant density, no fertilization, continuous flooding water management, and late harvesting. Results: The ratoon rice yield was proportional to the number of ratoon tillers used as in conventionally produced ratoon rice. Late cutting was most affected to the number of ratoon tillers. Importantly, this effect was reversed; the effect was positive under bad conditions, but was negative under standard conditions. Furthermore, late irrigation, a recommended management practice, had a robust negative effect on ratoon tillers and yield under both the conditions. Positive large effects were shown in the bad condition only. Discussion: Our results show that the SALIBU cropping method includes practices with unstable, negative, or minimal effects. The practices have unstable effects should be clarifying the interaction with the condition. The practices that have negative effects should exclude. Using practice on small effect size should depend on a cost-benefit analysis. Conclusions: SALIBU will be acceptable to the Mekong Delta triple cropping rice cultivation without the additional practice of original SALIBU cropping method. However, further work is needed to clarify the interaction between late cutting and the cultivation condition, and on the negative effect of late irrigation.
BIOFLAM PROJECT: APPLICATION OF LIQUID BIOFUELS IN NEW HEATING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DOMESTIC APPLIANCES BASED ON COOL FLAME VAPORIZATION AND POROUS MEDIUM COMBUSTION

The BIOFLAM project intends to provide solutions to the problem of environmental impact of combustion of liquid fuels for heating purposes. Oil burners show up to date a very poor power modulation especially at low power outputs, as usually needed in domestic appliances. Liquid biofuels like FAME are also not compatible with conventional oil burner technologies. Furthermore, the integration of oil burners in wall-hung systems requires further burner size reductions. Within the EC-funded BIOFLAM project new liquid fuel fired condensing boilers are being developed showing such major features as a power modulation of at least 10:1, ultra low CO and NOx emissions over the entire power modulation range, significantly more compactness than conventional liquid fuel fired boilers and compatibility with renewable liquid fuels like FAME. In order to reach these goals new ceramic premixed liquid fuel burners were developed based on the combination of the innovative cool flame vaporization process and the novel porous medium burner concept. High temperature ceramics, condensing boiler technology with condense water neutralization and innovative burner controls with a power modulation were utilized, in order to realize all the principal advantages of the employed technologies.
Beyond 2D Product Presentation in E-commerce: A Literature Review

Product presentation in e-commerce has gained substantial attention from disciplines including information systems, marketing, psychology and management. Many studies compare newly emerging technologies and innovative presentation formats to traditional use of two-dimensional text and pictures. However, the emergent nature of these new technologies, like consumer focused virtual reality, results in instability of form and function in three-dimensional environments. This literature review synthesises the findings of extant literature, discusses important theoretical foundations and identifies the most popular research theories and research methods utilised. Additionally, it classifies constructs used to capture characteristics of presentation formats, consumers’ reactions and performance, as well as marketing effects (e.g. attitudes to product and purchase intention). The literature review concludes with a discussion of implications and suggestions for future research of product presentation in ecommerce contexts.
Clinical Trial Highlights – Infusion Therapies

Neha Prakash MD Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA Kevin McFarthing PhD Parkinson’s advocate, Innovation Fixer Ltd, Oxford, UK To whom correspondence should be addressed at kevinDOTmcfarthingATinnovationfi xerDOTcom Tanya Simuni MD Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
On the Behavior of Drop-Tail Queue Management Algorithms under High Packet Loss

Development of optimal control procedures for congested networks is a key factor in maintaining efficient network utilization. The absence of congestion control mechanism or its failure can lead to the lack of availability for certain network segments, and in severe cases – for the entire network. The paper presents an analytical model describing the operation of the TCP Reno congestion control algorithm in terms of differential calculus and queuing systems. The purpose of this research is to explore the possibilities and ways of increasing the virtual channel capacity utilization efficiency in a lossy environment.
Uncertainty Assessment of Ice Discharge Using GPR-Derived Ice Thickness from Gourdon Glacier, Antarctic Peninsula

Ice cliffs within a glacier represent a challenge for the continuity equations used in many glacier models by interrupting the validity of input parameters. In the case of Gourdon Glacier on James Ross Island, Antarctica, a ∼300–500 m high, almost vertical cliff, separates the outlet glacier from its main accumulation area on the plateau of the island. In 2017 and 2018 we conducted ice thickness measurements during two airborne ground penetrating radar campaigns in order to evaluate differences to older measurements from the 1990s. The observed differences are mostly smaller than the estimated error bars. In comparison to the in situ data, the published “consensus ice thickness estimate” strongly overestimates the ice thickness at the outlet. We analyse three different interpolation and ice thickness reconstruction methods. One approach additionally includes the mass input from the plateau. Differences between the interpolation methods have a minor impact on the ice discharge estimation if the used flux gates are in areas with a good coverage of in situ measurements. A much stronger influence was observed by uncertainties in the glacier velocities derived from remote sensing, especially in the direction of the velocity vector in proximity to the ice cliff. We conclude that the amount of in situ measurements should be increased for specific glacier types in order to detect biases in modeled ice thickness and ice discharge estimations.
Fast assessment of the correlation between different coverage-like genomic features and their combinations

The modern high-throughput sequencing methods provide massive amounts of genomefocused, DNA-positioned data. This data is often represented as a function (e.g. coverage) onf the DNA coordinate. The genomeor chromosome-wide correlations between data from different sources may provide information about functional biological interrelation of the investigated features, e.g., about the trancription and histone modification. The task to compute the correlation was already successfully solved for interval annotations [1] as well as for coverage (functional) data ([2], [3], [4]). The key idea of the correlation studies is that two features that are similarly distributed along a chromosome may be functionally related. The point we are addressing here is a that peaks of dependent functional features can be located in a similar, although somewhat different, way. To account for these similarities, we propose here a fast method for calculation of kerneled correlation between two numeric annotations of the genome. The kernel represents the mutual position of related features; e.g., a Gaussian shape corresponds to 'somewhere around', etc. The approach is implemented as a computer program using C++ language. It allows counting of correlation not only for single features, but also for their combinations.
Stable copper nanowire-graphene oxide thin films for nonlinear photonics

Solution-based copper nanowire-graphene oxides are promising building blocks in future optoelectronics ranging from transparent electrodes to electrochromic displays to stretchable electronics. In this paper, a detailed study of the optical properties extending to non-linear properties is demonstrated. An enhancement of 43% is observed for the nonlinear optical properties of these thin films in comparison to a graphene oxide thin film. Moreover, its application as transparent conductive electrodes with 93% of the optical transmittance and a sheet resistance of 10 Ω/sq is manifested. © 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Telephone Based Versus Face to Face Assist Linked Brief Intervention on Alcohol Use Cessation in a Nigerian Family Practice

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of standard face-to-face Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked brief intervention (F-ASSIST) with mobile telephone-administered ASSIST linked brief intervention (T-ASSIST) for alcohol use cessation in a Nigerian clinical population. Methods: Participants (787), 18 years and above were consecutively randomized into either a T-ASSIST or F-ASSIST brief Intervention. Participants in the F-ASSIST group received face-to-face brief Intervention (standard care) at baseline and at 3 months. Participants in the T-ASSIST group received face-to-face intervention at baseline and at 3 months but in addition received weekly mobile telephone-delivered short message service (SMS) aimed at encouraging abstinence during study period. Main outcome measures were significant reduction in mean ASSIST score and percentage abstinence at 6 months. Analysis was carried out by Chi square statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using SPSS (16.0). Results: The ANCOVA was significant, F (2, 761) = 77.2, p < 0.001. Post hoc tests showed the adjusted means of the three groups to be significantly different. The effect sizes for the mean differences were 0.836, 0.601 and 0.227 respectively. Highest proportion of abstainers at 6 months was in the T-ASSIST group p < 0.001. Binary regression analysis shows that respondents in the F-ASSIST group were significantly less likely to be abstainers compared with the telephone based intervention OR = 0.18, 95% CI (0.09-0.37). Conclusion: A telephone-based programme offers superiority compared with a strict face to face alcohol cessation program because it enhances treatment adherence.
Prospective use of Tephrosia Purpurea in Remedial Treatment of PCOS: Study in Wistar Rat

This study evaluates the potential of an herbal plant Tephrosia purpurea, in treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using a rat model. The study used female Albino Wistar rats, which were divided into four groups, each consisting of 5 female rats. A control group, daily received 1% CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), while the other three groups for 28 days were once, daily administered, letrozole at concentration of 1mg/kg body weight, dissolved in 1% CMC 2ml/kg. Vaginal smears were collected daily from all the groups and studied for the estrous cycle. During 28 days of administration of letrozole, changes in estrous cycle were observed. The study indicated that PCOS was induced. After letrozole treatment, five animals of group 2 were treated orally with plant drug Tephrosia purpurea at a concentration of 200mg/kg body weight in milk as a carrier vehicle, 3ml/kg weight for 3 consecutive estrous cycles, vaginal smear were examined, it showed normalcy in estrous cycle sequence. Further, to check ovulation and fertility, female rats were mated and they showed pregnancy. Thus the potential of Tephrosia purpurea, in treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using an animal model is confirmed.
Organs-on-a-chip

In the last few years, considerable attention has been given to in vitro models in an attempt to reduce the use of animals and to decrease the rate of preclinical failure associated with the development of new drugs. Simple two-dimensional cultures grown in a dish are now frequently replaced by organotypic cultures with three-dimensional (3-D) architecture, which enables interactions between cells, promoting their differentiation and increasing their in vivo likeness. Microengineering now enables the incorporation of small devices into 3-D culture models to reproduce the complex microenvironment of the modeled organ, often referred to as organs-on-a-chip (OoCs). This review describes various OoCs developed to mimic liver, brain, kidney, and lung tissues. Current challenges encountered in attempts to recreate the in vivo environment are described, as well as some examples of OoCs. Finally, attention is given to the ongoing evolution of OoCs with the aim of solving one of the major limitations in that they can only represent a single organ. Multi-organ-on-a-chip (MOC) systems mimic organ interactions observed in the human body and aim to provide the features of compound uptake, metabolism, and excretion, while simultaneously allowing for insights into biological effects. MOCs might therefore represent a new paradigm in drug development, providing a better understanding of dose responses and mechanisms of toxicity, enabling the detection of drug resistance and supporting the evaluation of pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamics parameters.
Diagnostic standards for posttransfusion viral hepatitis.

S-ALT (S-GPT) is to be measured weekly or biweekly after blood transfusion.1. Posttransfusion non-A non-B hepatitis is suspected in cases in whom S-ALT has increased after one week of blood transfusion to at least two times the normal upper limit at each laboratory twice or more successively.2. The diagnosis of non-A non-B hepatitis is established in cases in whom the increase of S-ALT to at least two times the normal upper limit has continued for at least three weeks with the S-ALT value elevating more than five times the normal upper limit at least once during the time.3. The above standards are not applied to cases showing S-ALT increase due to underlying diseases, postoperative liver dysfunction due to operation itself, liver damage due to drugs, fatty liver, hepatitis B, or other known viral diseases which manifest hepatitis symptoms. (Comment 1) To diagnose precisely, all patients receiving blood transfusion should be followed up weekly or biweekly after blood transfusion during for at least three consecutive months or longer, if possible. (Comment 2) For statistical studies patients with liver damage before operation are to be excluded.Liaison Council of Hepatitis Research GroupsThe Intractable Disease (Hepatitis) Research Committee Section for non-A non-B Hepatitis ResearchThe Research Committee concerning Posttransfusion Infection Section for Posttransfusion Hepatitis ResearchThis standards has been investigated and drawn up by the following members:H. Suzuki, K. Okochi, T. Miyagawa, S. Iino, K. Akahane, M. Shimizu, T. Takano, M. Yano, H. Tateda, Y. Egusa, A. Obayashi and T. Katayama
PROPOSAL OF LASER ION BEAM ACCELERATOR FOR INERTIAL FUSION

The inertial nuclear fusion with laser beams, relativistic electron beams, ion beams, micro-particle beams and superconducting projectiles has been analytically investigated and numerically calculated by various authors along years and nowadays. Starting from the record laser peak power of 1.25 PW and radiation peak intensity of 100 EW per square centimeter produced at LLNR using the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) laser technology as well as from ELI Nuclear Physics laser system, 3 APPOLON 10 PW (150 J / 15 fs) (http://www.eli-np.ro/) proposed to be realized, this paper presents the principle and the configuration of a compact ion accelerator operated by an optical laser in an ultrarelativistic regime, for the inertial confinement fusion. Ions acceleration is based on the acceleration mechanism named “Radiation Pressure Acceleration”. By the application of this mechanism the calculations for the physical parameters of an ion accelerator operated by laser were made. Calculation results are also presented in this paper.
Precision and Validity of a Clinical Method for Pectoral Minor Length Assessment in Overhead-Throwing Athletes

Methods of assessing pectoral minor length are needed to determine the criterion validity, reliability, and precision of a clinical method for pectoralis minor length assessment. Twentynine overhead-throwing athletes volunteered for this study. All measures were taken with an electromagnetic motion analysis system and Palpation Meter. Pearson correlation coeffi cients were calculated for the average pectoralis minor length values from the electromagnetic motion analysis system and Palpation Meter (0.05) to determine the validity of pectoralis minor length. Intraclass correlation coeffi cients (ICC 2,k) and standard error measures were calculated to determine the intrarater reliability and precision of pectoralis minor length measures. Signifi cant correlations were found between pectoralis minor length measures from the electromagnetic motion analysis system and Palpation Meter for the dominant and nondominant arms. The Palpation Meter was also found to be reliable and precise when measuring pectoralis minor length for the dominant and nondominant arms.
Pathways to development

Most charity organizations depend on contributions from the general public, but little research is conducted on donor preferences. Do donors have geographical, recipient, or thematic preferences? We designed a conjoint analysis experiment in which people rated development aid projects by donating money in dictator games. We find that our sample show strong age, gender, regional, and thematic preferences. Furthermore, we find significant differences between segments. The differences in donations are consistent with differences in donors’ attitudes toward development aid and their beliefs about differences in poverty and vulnerability of the recipients. The method here used for development projects can easily be adapted to elicit preferences for other kinds of projects that rely on gifts from private donors. Résumé La plupart des organisations caritatives dépendent des dons du public, mais on ne possède que peu d’études sur les préférences des donateurs. Les donateurs ont-ils des préférences géographiques, de bénéficiaires ou de thèmes? Nous avons conçu une expérience d’analyse conjointe évaluant l’appréciation d’individus pour des projets d’aide au développement en fonction de leurs dons d’argent dans le cadre de jeux de dictateur. Nous constatons que notre échantillon démontre de fortes préférences d’âge, de sexe, de région et de thème. Nous constatons aussi des différences significatives entre groupes. Les différences en matière de dons sont en phase avec les différences dans les attitudes des donateurs vis-à-vis de l’aide au M. E. Bachke F. Alfnes (&) M. Wik UMB School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Aas, Norway e-mail: frode.alfnes@umb.no M. E. Bachke e-mail: maren.bachke@umb.no M. Wik e-mail: mette.wik@umb.no 123 Voluntas (2014) 25:465–486 DOI 10.1007/s11266-012-9347-0
Pattern based approach for mining users opinion from Kannada web documents

Opinions are very important for any organization's development and success as it affects the sale of its products. These opinions have impact on the customers buying decisions related to various products. With popularity of cheaper smart phones, access to internet and web pages has become easier. Nowadays Kannada websites are very popular for Kannada web users and they rely on these websites for accessing their day today information. One such information they access is about opinion of others related to variety of topics. Hence opinions are very useful for many web users, such as business analysts, directors and producers of movies etc. In this paper we present a pattern based approach for effective mining user’s opinion from Kannada web documents. We find that our pattern based approach provides better results than the other pattern discussed in literature.
Sb2S3 nanowire for self‐driven photodetector by using MXenes and Ag nanowires as electrodes Tianxiong Wang1 · Tiancai Jiang1 · Xianquan Meng1,2

We found that the morphology of nanowires could be regulated by adding polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K30) in hydrothermal synthesis of antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) nanowires. The nanowires with length more than 20 μm were obtained by adding the proper amount of PVP. Three kinds of fully nanostructured photodetector using Sb2S3 nanowires as active regions were fabricated and the first detector used silver nanowires as the electrodes at both ends, the second used silver nanowires as one electrode and MXenes as the another electrode, and the third used MXenes as both electrodes. The light response speed of the photodetector with both MXenes electrodes was improved greatly. The photodetector which used MXenes and silver nanowires as electrodes at two ends, respectively, showed the phenomenon of being self-driven. The mechanism of asymmetric hole migration was put forward to explain the effect of being self-driven.
A Genomic Study of the Evolution of Paediatric Solid Tumours

Paediatric cancers evolve very differently to adult cancers: they develop over months, not decades, and are exposed to few exogenous mutagens. Despite major strides in our understanding of adult cancers, little is known about the evolutionary trajectories of paediatric solid cancers. This thesis focuses on the commonest paediatric malignancies of the kidney and liver to determine their genetic past. Constructing the evolutionary history of a cancer requires estimating the number of cells possessing each mutation in a tumour and determining their ordering. In the first part of the thesis, I compare copy number alterations (CNAs) in multiple tumour regions to construct the histories of 20 Wilms’ tumours (WTs). I uncover patterns of CNA occurrence, describe their role in the different stages of tumorigenesis, and relate phylogeny to clinically important features. In the second part, I develop a method to estimate cellular proportion of CNAs by modelling heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms from array data as a Gaussian mixture. By determining the composition of spatially separate and locally mixing clones, I perform a comprehensive reconstruction of the evolutionary histories of >70 WTs and 11 hepatoblastomas. Supporting my analysis using targeted sequencing of ~180 genes, I show that convergent evolution of CNAs and single nucleotide variation highlights contextdependent selection. I discover subtype-specific features of WT evolution, including a consistent trajectory of stromal WT evolution. Finally, I show CNA instability as a potential biomarker in WT, suggesting that burden of CNAs may identify highrisk patients. In summary, this thesis describes the diversity of evolution in two paediatric solid cancers and novel approaches to studying these diseases. By uncovering evidence for how these cancers evolve over time, I gain insights into the sequential genetic changes that form the histories of these cancers and demonstrate the clinical relevance both in terms of sub-type diagnosis and prognosis.