Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Tube Optimization Design on Radiator Heat Rejection Performance

This work consists to evaluate the impact of the tube design on the car radiator heat rejection performance. For this work we come up with two propositions, the first one consists to change the traditional tube shape “1.6x16 B-type” to “1.6x16 Dot Btype”. The second one is just to change the traditional tube dimension from 1.6x16 to 1.4x16. After the two samples radiators were made, we will proceed to their performance analysis such as the heat rejection, the coolant pressure drops, and the airside pressure drop. For these performance tests we will use the company laboratory Multi-functional test bench (T-HWS-2H), and some mathematical formula to calculate our samples performance. At last we will compare our analysis results with the radiator “1.6x16 B-type” heat rejection data (Req.), which structural model and data is our research basic standard. The results show that the tube design has great impact on the radiator heat rejection performance. This work has been performed at HUBEI RADIATECH COOLING SYSTEM CO., LDT (HBR). Keywordscar radiator; tube type; fin
An investigation between intellectual capital and investment opportunity

Article history: Received June 28, 2013 Received in revised format 19 October 2013 Accepted 23 October 2013 Available online December 9 2013 This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between intellectual capital and investment opportunities on selected firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) over the period 2005-2011. In our survey, Tobin Q represents investment opportunity and intellectual capital is measured based on different variables such as value added intellectual capital and human capital. The study uses regression technique with panel data and random effect and the results indicate that there was no meaningful relationship between intellectual capital and investment opportunity. In other words, most investment opportunities on TSE do not depend on intellectual capital and they mostly depend on traditional methods of investment.
Enhanced Life Time of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Dual Hop Clustering

Wireless sensor node is popular methods used to create mobile network. The approach for the mobile users to collect data over a long communications. Wireless Sensor Network designs consist of static nodes which are closely positioned completed a sensing area on clustering of nodes and mobile data are collecting. A clustering algorithms done clustering and data aggregation for sensor network. A WSN lifetime is dependent on the energy of individual sensor nodes therefore efficient utilization of each node’s energy is a vital issue.Dual cluster heads are implemented by using the load balancing algorithm for the saving the energy of nodes . Multiple cluster heads and sink also used in this approach to reduce energy Consumption of each nodes. Data aggregation from the all nodes given to the sink and node life time increased then whole network life time also increased.
Field emission: Based many-valued processing using carbon nanotube controlled switches: Part 1: Fundamentals

In this first part of the article, basics of field emission will be presented which will be utilized within the second part of the article for the architecture effectuation of new Carbon Nanotube (CNT) - based controlled nano switches. To implement the field emission CNT - based controlled switch, four field emission CNTs that have single carbon nanotubes as the emitters were tested; two with single-walled CNT and two with multiwalled CNT. A tube with a tungsten tip was also used for comparison. The Fowler- Nordheim analysis of the DC current-voltage data provided reasonable values for the sizes and local fields of emitters. It is also shown within the new implementation of the controlled switch that square-wave pulses from a single laser diode with 20 mW power and 658 nm wavelength which is focused on each emitter increased the emitted current by 5.2% with the CNT and 0.19% with the compared tungsten tip.
Evaluation of Neurofeedback Training in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study

We assess the effects of EEG biofeedback training on levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using a sham feedback controlled study design. Nine subjects were randomized into either a treatment group or control group and underwent 24 sessions of either active feedback training or sham feedback. The training protocol aimed at increasing 8–15 Hz activity while inhibiting excess 4–8 Hz and 23–34 Hz activity at the C3-C4 derivation. There were no statistically significant differences baseline to post-active neurofeedback training as compared to sham feedback training in primary outcome measures assessing change in dyskinesia severity, nor in secondary outcome measures assessing change in clinical features of PD. Nonsignificant trends were observed in subjects’ PD home diaries indicating a decrease in the severity of motor fluctuations. Baseline to post-training comparisons of secondary outcome measures in quantitative EEG analysis showed significant interaction effects with.
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE FOR ROAD NETWORK VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

At present, a series of road network disruption, being caused by various kinds of events such as natural disasters, and human errors act of human intention, frequently take place around the globe and create a direct impact to all mankind. Configuration has, therefore, played a critical role to the road system planning. In order to initiate the road network vulnerability analysis, it requires all involved parties to have a visibility in accessing all the relevant factors that can create severe impact on the road network at what level. By possessing such valued data, all person-in-charge, then, will be able to identify preventive actions and corrective actions practically. Without any doubts, vulnerability of road network has become one of the precious factors to be counted when it comes down to the road planning process. Attached with this particular research, vulnerability of road network is measured in many different ways and will be taken into consideration as one of the beneficial factor for road planning process. The “significance” of certain road (s) in surface transport network will be named since the vulnerability of road network will identify which traffic link (s) and/or line (s) are cut off, temporarily shut down or severely damaged. The vulnerability measurements are presented and elaborated in graph and GIS.
Scale-dependent distribution of soft-bottom infauna and possible structuring forces in low diversity systems

Despite their central roles in ecology, patterns and scales of variation in the distribution of species and their densities are seldom satisfactorily described for most ecosystems. This is mainly due to spatial structures being scale-dependent across broad ranges of scales with partly different processes operating at different scales. In this study, scale-dependent distributional patterns in soft- sediment macrofaunal communities of naturally low species richness were studied on the Aland Islands, northern Baltic Sea, in 3 model areas (I, II and III) representing different environmental regimes with regard to openness (water renewal rate), depth, and organic and nutrient content as well as an increasing intrasite variability. A systematic grid design comprising 64 biotic and 16 abi- otic sampling points, hierarchically arranged at 3 (at distances 10, 100 and 1000 m) and 2 spatial scales (100 and 1000 m), respectively, was used in each area. The intrasite distribution of macrofauna was predictably the most uniform in Area I, the least variable environmentally, followed by Area II, which was intermediate with respect to both abiotic and biotic variability, and then Area III, which was always the most variable area. This was true when analysed by both univariate and multivariate statistical means. When examining the contribution of each spatial scale to the total variance, most variability was observed at the smallest sampled level (10 m) for the majority of the studied variables. Despite a high overlap in species composition, the areas differed significantly in animal community structure. This was driven by both (1) the top-dominant species (Macoma, Mytilus, Monoporeia, Oligochaeta, Marenzelleria) and (2) the proportion and distribution of rare species. These systems with low diversity showed clear species distribution patterns driven by local environmental condi- tions, but also showed a substantial biotic component seen as the proportion and role of rare species and the high spatial variability observed at the smallest scale. Our understanding of spatial variabil- ity (or 'stability') is thus influenced by both the habitat and the species composition. The results are valuable for the refinement of sampling design, improved interpretation of monitoring programs (including detection of anthropogenic impact) and incorporation of scaling issues into questions of marine biodiversity and conservation.
Contact mechanics with adhesion: Interfacial separation and contact area

We study the adhesive contact between elastic solids with randomly rough, self-affine fractal surfaces. We present molecular-dynamics (MD) simulation results for the interfacial stress distribution and the wall-wall separation. We compare the MD results for the relative contact area and the average interfacial separation, with the prediction of the contact mechanics theory of Persson. We find good agreement between theory and the simulation results. We apply the theory to the system studied by Benz et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B, 2006, 110 11884) involving polymer in contact with polymer, but in this case the adhesion gives only a small modification of the interfacial separation as a function of the squeezing pressure.
Is globalization detrimental to financial development? Further evidence from a very large emerging economy with significant orientation towards policies

ABSTRACT This study attempts to explore the relationship between globalization and financial development by endogenizing economic growth, population density, inflation and institutional quality for India during the period from 1971–2013. Using the more conclusivecombined cointegration method, the study provides evidence of cointegration among these variables. The long-run and short-run estimates from the ARDL model and causality tests, respectively, suggest that globalization in its all forms (political, social and economic) and its overall measure as well as inflation are detrimental to financial development, while economic growth and population density both promote financial development. Furthermore, the results also point out that institutional quality is not conducive to financial development in India, and there exists a feedback effect between financial development and inflation. Moreover, financial development is influenced by economic growth, institutional quality and population density.
INCIDENCE OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS INFECTION IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA – A TWO YEARS COMPREHENSIVE STUDY.

Rajendra Prasad Chatterjee 1 , Aroni Chatterjee 1 , Nilanjan Chakraborty 2 and * Shyamalendu Chatterjee 2 . 1. M.ScICMR Virus Unit, ID & BG Hospital campus,GB4, 57 Dr. S.C Banerjee road, Kolkata700010, West Bengal, India. 2. PhDICMR Virus Unit, ID & BG Hospital campus,GB4, 57 Dr. S.C Banerjee road, Kolkata700010, West Bengal, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Grades Across Universities Over Time

This paper examines the determinants of degree outcomes in a sample of UK universities from 2004 to 2012. We use stochastic frontier methods to account for differences in efficiency across universities and over time. The quality of the student intake and the university’s research performance are the main determinants of degree outcomes. There is no evidence of grade inflation. Decomposing the determinants of degree outcomes, we find that good entry grades yield a higher return in traditional universities than in new universities. Although high quality universities award more good degrees, we find little evidence that universities of different quality differ in their propensity to inflate grades over time.
Regrounding grounded theory or reinforcing old prejudices? A brief reply to Bryant

This article extends the debate on grounded theory method (GTM) commenced by Bryant (2002). It discusses the charges of 'phenomenalism' and 'naive inductionism', that Bryant levels at GTM, and asks if they are fair criticism of the method, or reinforcing prejudices about GTM that might hinder its take up in the field of information systems research. In particular, the article considers the idea of the researcher using GTM as a 'blank slate' with no preconceptions, and finds this idea not to be supported in the GTM literature. The central paradox of GTM, as a subjective coding process which also claims to systematic is also discussed. The article concludes with some suggestions for IS researchers using GTM, and also questions how much GTM is actually used for theory generation in IS.
New stem-Phasmatodea from the Middle Jurassic of China

Adjacivena rasnitsyni gen. n. , sp. n. , from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation (Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China), is described based on a set of well-preserved specimens, interpreted as two females and a male of the same species. The new taxon is assigned to the family Susumaniidae, i.e. is a candidate stem-Phasmatodea. This ordinal assignment is supported by genital elements, chiefly a putative operculum concealing the ovipositor observed in one female specimen and a putative extension of the 10th tergum with a thorn pad in the male specimen. Variation in the venation of the forewing is appreciated based on more or less complete pairs of wings and a comparison with that in the forewings of male Heteropteryx dilatata (Parkinson, 1798). This material offers new perspectives on the primary homologies of the hind wing venation of stick-insects.
Secure automated threat detection and prevention (SATDP)

Secure automated threat detection and prevention is the more effective procedure to reduce the workload of analyst by scanning the network, server functions& then informs the analyst if any suspicious activity is detected in the network. It monitors the system continuously and responds according to the threat environment. This response action varies from phase to phase. Here suspicious activities are detected by the help of an artificial intelligence which acts as a virtual analyst concurrently with network intrusion detection system to defend from the threat environment and taking appropriate measures with the permission of the analyst. In its final phase where packet analysis is carried out to surf for attack vectors and then categorize supervised and unsupervised data. Where the unsupervised data will be decoded or converted to supervised data with help of analyst feedback and then auto-update the algorithm (virtual analyst). So that it evolves the algorithm (with active learning mechanism) itself by time and become more efficient, strong. So, it can able to defend form similar or same kind of attacks.
Hybrid Wind Solar System Topologies withReduced Power Mode

This paper presents a fast maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithm for the photovoltaic (PV) in a hybrid wind–PV system, in which the PV generator may also need to work in a reduced power mode (RPM) to avoid dynamic overloading. The two control modes, MPPT and RPM, are inherently compatible and can be readily implemented, without the need of a dumping load for the RPM. Following the establishment of a dynamic system model, the study develops the guidelines to determine the variables of a direct hill-climbing method for MPPT: the perturbation time intervals and the magnitudes of the applied perturbations. These results are then used to optimally set up a variable-step size incremental conductance (VSIC) algorithm along with adaptive RPM control. The power tracking performance and power limiting capability are verified by simulation and experiment.
Atmospheric Arsenic Deposition in Chiayi County in Southern Taiwan

Although arsenic contamination of underground water in southern Taiwan is well known, few studies examine atmospheric arsenic deposition in this area, which might be the major source of such pollution to the soil, water, and even underground water. This research focused on the atmospheric arsenic concentration, dry and wet depositions, and the As distribution around Chiayi County, located in the south of Taiwan. Eight sampling sites are used, both upwind and downwind of an area with heavy industrial and human activities. All samples were collected by a PS-1 high volume sampler at each site, pretreated by a digestion process, and further analyzed with an ICP-MS. The results show that the arsenic deposition flux ranged from 65.0 to 473 μg/m 2 -month in Chiayi County. This deposition flux has no significant seasonal variation, based on the multiple trend results obtained from pooling the dry and wet deposition data. The average dry deposition flux of As ranged from 34 to 161 μg/m 2 -month during the sampling year, and had the opposite trend to the wind speed. Additionally, the correlations between atmospheric arsenic concentration and PM levels were significant, supported by the low p-value (< 0.01) at a 99% confidence level. Meanwhile, the highly linear correlation between As and PM concentrations was also evaluated. The amount of precipitation was statistically correlated to the wet deposition flux (11.3–414 μg/m 2 -month with a p-value = 2 × 10 –7 and r-value = 0.9306. Furthermore, the composition of the As mass concentrations in ambient air were dominated by As (V) in both fall (66.4%) and winter (68.9%). According to the GIS spatial analysis of the As concentration in the dry season, from October to March, the As contribution of local emissions were not significant. Consequently, this study indicates that the atmospheric As around Chiayi County might be sourced from the upwind northern area, and mainly deposited through wet scavenging.
Development of a Control Model for a Four Wheel Mecanum Vehicle

This paper presents the development of a control mo del for Mecanum wheels. Available control models used in robotics are based on a simp lification which defines the contact point of the wheel on the ground as the point in the cent re of the wheel, which does not vary. This limits the smoothness of motion of a vehicle employ ing these wheels and impacts the efficiency of locomotion of vehicles using Mecanum wheels. The control model proposed accounts for the fact that the contact point in fac t changes position down the axle of the wheel as the angle roller moves on the ground. Taki ng this into consideration makes control of the wheels more predictable and accurate.
Quantum Simulation of 2p-π Electronic Hamiltonian in Molecular Ethylene by Using an NMR Quantum Computer

Classical simulation of a quantum system is a hard problem. It’s known that these problems can be solved efficiently by using quantum computers. This study demonstrates the simulation of the molecular Hamiltonian of 2p-π electrons of ethylene in order to calculate the ground state energy. The ground state energy is estimated by an iterative phase estimation algorithm. The ground state is prepared by the adiabatic state preparation and the implementation of the procedure is carried out by numerical simulation of two-qubit NMR quantum simulator. The readout scheme of the simulator is performed by extracting binary bits via NMR interferometer.
A Nonparametric Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Earthquake Magnitudes

This article describes an application of nonparametric local linear regression to study the spatial structure of the magnitude of earthquakes. If spatial correlation is suspected in a data set of earthquakes in a concrete geographic zone, the smoothing parameter needed to obtain the estimator of the mean magnitude will be computed using a version of the “bias-corrected and estimated”GCV method presented in Francisco-Fernandez and Opsomer (2005). This method allow us to take this spatial dependence into account to obtain better smoothing parameters. Additionally, a parametric bootstrap technique is used to quantify the variability of the spatial maps produced with the nonparametric estimation method and to generate maps that shows the probability of being at high and low seismic risk in the considered area. These � �
Comparing effects of oligotrophication and upstream hydropower dams on plankton and productivity in perialpine lakes

In recent decades, many perialpine lakes have been affected by oligotrophication due to efficient sewage treatment and by altered water turbidity due to upstream hydropower operations. Such simultaneous environmental changes often lead to public debate on the actual causes of observed productivity reductions. We evaluate the effects of those two changes by a combined approach of modeling and data interpretation for a case study on Lake Brienz (Switzerland), a typical oligotrophic perialpine lake, located downstream of several hydropower reservoirs. A physical k‐ɛ scheme and a biogeochemical advection‐diffusion‐reaction model were implemented and applied for several hypothetical scenarios with different nutrient loads and different particle input dynamics. The simulation results are compared to long‐term biotic data collected from 1999 to 2004. The analysis shows that enhanced nutrient supply increases the nutritious value of algae, stimulating zooplankton growth, while phytoplankton growth is limited by stronger top‐down control. Annually integrated productivity is only slightly influenced by altered turbidity, as phosphorous limitation prevails. Simulations indicate that the spring production peak is delayed because of increased turbidity in winter caused by upstream hydropower operation. As a consequence, the entire nutrient cycle is seasonally delayed, creating an additional stress for zooplankton and fish in the downstream lake.
Energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction mapping on a benchtop X‐ray fluorescence system

A method for energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction mapping is presented, using a conventional low-power benchtop X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, the Seiko Instruments SEA6000VX. Hyper spectral X-ray maps with a 10 µm step size were collected from polished metal surfaces, sectioned Bi, Pb and steel shot gun pellets. Candidate diffraction lines were identified by eliminating those that matched a characteristic line for an element and those predicted for escape peaks, sum peaks, and Rayleigh and Compton scattered primary X-rays. The maps showed that the crystallites in the Bi pellet were larger than those observed in the Pb and steel pellets. The application of benchtop spectrometers to energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction mapping is discussed, and the capability for lower atomic number and lower-symmetry materials is briefly explored using multi-crystalline Si and polycrystalline sucrose.
Simplified partial resampling method for state estimation usingparticle filter

Particle filter methods are used in the estimation and tracking of the objects for non-linear and non-gaussian noise conditions. In this paper work the object estimation using partial resampling methods are discussed. On using partial resampling method resampling becomes faster. The performance of particle filter with partial resampling scheme is analyzed using the state estima-tion of a simple pendulum.