Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eight-FinFET Fully Differential SRAM Cell With Enhanced Read and Write Voltage Margins

An eight-FinFET fully differential SRAM cell is proposed in this paper to achieve stronger data stability and enhanced write ability. The p-type transistors are used for data access during read operations and transmission gates are employed to force new data into the cell during write operations. At the nominal process corner, the proposed SRAM cell enhances the read data stability, write voltage margin, and write data transfer speed by up to 2.7×, 15.8%, and 76%, respectively, while consuming similar leakage power as compared with the previously published six-FinFET fully differential SRAM cells in 15-nm FinFET technology. Under isodata stability, the proposed SRAM cell allows the lowering of the power supply voltage by up to 44.3% as compared with the other SRAM cells that are investigated in this paper.
Drug Absorption and Bioavailability

TOTAL ABSORPTION AND BIOAVAILABILITY Where possible the total absorption' is calculated as the percentage of the dose absorbed. This percentage absorption is also termed "absolute bioavailability" and is usually measured by the comparison of the areas under the plasma concentrationtime curves after oral and intravenous dosage. Thus, percentage absorption or absolute bioavailability= area under plasma concentrationtime curve after oraldosage
Studies into Abstract Properties of Individuals. III. A Study of Factors Affecting Emergence

Eighteen individuals of Pinus ponderosa Lawson were analyzed for emergence, a difference in organization between the lower and higher levels of a within‐plant hierarchy. The variables used were six distance measurements taken from needle cross sections, and organization was evaluated using angles between eigenvectors and a vector of isometry. Sixteen of 18 individuals analyzed showed emergence. Variation was shown in the degree of emergence, the between‐level difference in organization. Variation in organization was the factor most strongly related to the degree of emergence; it also showed the strongest relationship to degree of emergence in grasses previously studied. These results argue for a possible cause and effect relationship between variation in organization and ontogeny or phylogeny, i.e., time‐related irreversible change. The results also argue for the control of irreversible change residing in systems as a whole rather than their parts and for the direction of change being determined by the historical boundaries of those systems. Emergence is also related to the complexity that increases with the concomitant flows of energy and information in plants.
A feature preserving algorithm for point cloud simplification based on hierarchical clustering

The efficiency and accuracy loss are the key issues for the point cloud simplification. In this paper, a feature preserving algorithm is proposed for point cloud simplification based on hierarchical clustering with the surface feature description. The surface variation is presented as the main criterion for the efficient hierarchical clustering method to simplify the mass and dense point cloud fast, meanwhile we retain the feature points to ensure a small accuracy loss. The experiment results show that the proposed method is efficient and has a good effect to maintain the features as the same degree of simplification.
Protective Effects of a Human 18-Kilodalton Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (CAP18)-Derived Peptide against Murine Endotoxemia

ABSTRACT CAP18 (an 18-kDa cationic antimicrobial protein) is a granulocyte-derived protein that can bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibit various activities of LPS in vitro. The present study examined the protective effect of a synthetic 27-amino-acid peptide (CAP18109–135) from the LPS-binding domain of CAP18 against antibiotic-induced endotoxin shock, using highly LPS-sensitived-(+)-galactosamine (d-GalN)-sensitized C3H/HeN mice. The antibiotic-induced endotoxin (CAZ-endotoxin) was prepared from the culture filtrate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 exposed to ceftazidime (CAZ). Injection of CAP18109–135protected the mice injected with LPS or CAZ-endotoxin from death and lowered their tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in serum in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with CAZ caused death of thed-GalN-sensitized P. aeruginosa PAO-infected mice within 48 h, while injection with CAP18109–135rescued the mice from death. In the mice rescued from death by injection with CAP18109–135, endotoxin levels in plasma and TNF production by liver tissues were decreased but the numbers of viable infecting bacteria in their blood were not decreased significantly and remained at the levels in CAZ-treated mice. These results indicate that CAP18109–135 is capable of preventing antibiotic-induced endotoxic shock in mice with septicemia and that the effect is due to its LPS-neutralizing activity rather than to its antibacterial activity.
26-year follow-up of screw-retained fixed dental prostheses supported by machined-surface Brånemark implants: a case report.

BACKGROUND Rough-surface implants have become very popular during the last 10 years due to greater reported bone-implant-contact and bone volume between implant threads compared to machined-surface implants. PURPOSE The aim of this clinical report is to present the 26-year clinical outcomes of machined-surface implants supporting screw-retained fixed dental prostheses in a 77-year-old woman. A 51-year-old woman received five mandibular and six maxillary implants supporting screw-retained fixed dental prostheses. The original machined-surface regular platform Branemark implants were placed using a two-stage surgical approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS No implants were lost, and average marginal bone levels between the implant platform and the first bone-implant contact for maxillary and mandibular implants were 3.3 +/- 0.6 mm and 1.7 +/- 0.3 mm after 26 years. The following prosthetic complications were recorded during the follow up period; a) broken acrylic denture tooth (four times), b) loose prosthetic screw (three times), c) loose abutment screw (two times). CONCLUSION This case report shows that machined-surface dental implants can successfully support screw-retained fixed dental prostheses over 26 years, which makes dental implants an important dental treatment option compared to the traditional prosthetic treatment methods, especially in elderly edentulous patients.
Symbolic Model Checking with Partitioned BDDs in Distributed Systems

In symbolic model checking Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) are often used to represent states of a system in a compressed way. By using reachability analysis the system’s entire state space can be explored. However, even with symbolic representation models can grow exponentially during an analysis such that they do not fit in a single machine’s working memory. Both multi-core and distributed reachability algorithms exist, but the combination of both is still uncommon. In this work we present a design for multi-core distributed reachability analysis. Our work is based on the multi-core model checking tool Sylvan and combines this with a BDD partitioning approach. As network traffic is one of the bottlenecks that are often reported in distributed reachability designs, we tried to minimize communication between machines. Our benchmark results show that our current design does not fully utilize available hardware capacity, but nevertheless our implementation was able to achieve speedups up to 29 compared to a linear execution and up to 5.3 compared to an existing multi-core distributed analysis tool [11].
Electromagnetic-thermal coupled analysis method for interior PMSM

This paper presents a study on the 3D (Three Dimensional) coupled analysis of electromagnetic and thermal analysis. A 3D study for both electromagnetic and thermal analyses is considered because the dominant heat sources of electrical machines are copper loss in the coils and iron loss in the core. The copper loss results from the current flowing through the coils which are located in the axial direction and have end-turns, and the iron loss (joule loss and hysteresis loss) occurs from the magnetic flux in the magnetic core with time variations and intersects. Thus, 3D rather than 2D analysis can effectively represent the loss and thermal distribution in each part of the motor. It is also necessary that an electromagnetic field analysis accounting for the temperature increase in each part should be taken into account because the heat generation from these losses transfers to the inside of the motor's structure, changes the material properties, and finally causes an enormous impact on the motor characteristics. These physical phenomena can be handled and evaluated in the coupled analysis which is shown in the proposed procedure and thermal circuit diagram between electromagnetic and thermal analysis. Results from the experimental set-up including the fabricated 3kW interior PMSM, inverter, TMS320F28335 TI DSP with sine-triangle comparison current control method confirm the good agreement with the simulation results. Finally, the experimentally obtained results are also presented for comparison with the simulated results to verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed analysis method in the paper.
Prevalent patterns of serotype-specific seroconversion in Mexican children infected with rotavirus

The level of neutralizing antibodies to rotaviruses belonging to serotypes 1, 3, and 4 was determined in acute- and convalescent-phase sera from 36 Mexican children with rotaviral diarrhea. Most of the infants who seroconverted fell into one of the following three patterns: single seroconversion to serotype 1; seroconversion to serotypes 1 and 4; or seroconversion to all three serotypes tested. The heterotypic neutralizing antibody responses to rotavirus infections are discussed.
Life-Course Exposure to Early Socioeconomic Environment, Education in Relation to Late-Life Cognitive Function Among Older Mexicans and Mexican Americans

Objectives: To examine the associations between life-course education and late-life cognitive function along with the modifying role of migration history. Method: The combined sample includes 1,789 participants from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging and 5,253 participants from the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Aged 60+ at baseline, participants were classified as Mexican residents, Mexicans–return migrants, Mexicans–immigrants to the United States, and Mexicans–U.S. born. Cognitive function was measured using standardized z scores of a short-term verbal recall test. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted. Results: Participants’ z scores were higher among those whose mother had more than elementary education (β = 0.28, p < .05). Participant’s education mediated this association. For 5-year difference in education, the cognitive z score increased by 0.3 points for a U.S. born. Results were similar with father’s education. Discussion: Adult educational attainment mediates the effect of childhood socioeconomic status on late-life cognition. Migration plays a role in shaping cognitive aging.
Detection of Oligomerization and Conformational Changes in the Na+/H+ Antiporter from Helicobacter pylori by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer*

Oligomerization and conformational changes in the Na+/H+ antiporter from Helicobacter pylori (HPNhaA) were studied by means of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis. Na+/H+ antiporter-deficient Escherichia coli cells expressing C-terminal fusions of HPNhaA to green fluorescent protein (GFP) variants exhibited wild-type levels of antiporter activity in their everted membrane vesicles. Vesicles containing both HPNhaA-CFP and HPNhaA-YFP or HPNhaA-Venus exhibited FRET from CFP (donor) to YFP or Venus (acceptor), suggesting that HPNhaA forms an oligomer. Co-precipitation of HPNhaA tagged by Venus and FLAG sequences confirmed oligomerization. FRET decreased extensively after treatment of the vesicles with proteinase K, which released GFP variants from the fusion proteins. FRET was not observed by merely mixing vesicles expressing the donor or acceptor fusion alone. Fluorescence of Venus is less sensitive to anions and stronger than that of anion-sensitive YFP. Using HPNhaA-Venus as the acceptor, Li+ was found to cause a significant decrease in FRET regardless of the presence or absence of ΔpH across the membranes, whereas Na+ caused a much weaker effect. This Li+ effect was minimal in vesicles prepared from cells expressing HPNhaA containing an Asp141 to Asn mutation, which results in defective Li+/H+ antiporter activity, possibly Li+ binding. These results demonstrate that monomer interactions within the HPNhaA oligomer are weakened possibly by Li+ binding. Dynamic interactions between HPNhaA monomers were detectable in membranes by FRET analysis, thus providing a new approach to study dynamic conformational changes in NhaA during antiport activity.
Embedded analog-to-digital converters

Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) have become a reality in the past decade. Several dozens of different functional blocks are being integrated on a single die, reaching transistor counts of up to half a billion. From the Analog portion of an SoC the Data Converters are probably among the most challenging blocks, often limiting system performance and dominating power dissipation. However, requirements regarding yield, die-size, scalability, noise immunity, power and the fact that logic is almost for free, cause distinct differences between embedded Data Converters and their stand-alone, usually general purpose, counterparts. This paper describes these differences and provides an overview of the state-of-the art in Analog-to-Digital Conversion.
50-Ω multijunction thermal converters on fused silica substrates

Planar multijunction thermal converters (MJTCs) are in widespread use as standards for ac voltage metrology at frequencies up to 1 MHz. At the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), we are presently using MJTCs based on glassy substrates as standards at frequencies up to 100 MHz. Although these standards have excellent characteristics at high frequencies, one goal for this project is to fabricate excellent MJTCs with 50-Ω input impedances to align with high-frequency ac metrology as commonly practiced. Preliminary results with 50-Ω MJTCs indicate that devices with on-chip input resistors can be successfully fabricated and employed as high-frequency standards.
Acute lower extremity compartment syndrome (ALECS) screening protocol in critically ill trauma patients.

BACKGROUND Acute lower extremity compartment syndrome (ALECS) is a devastating complication that often presents silently in critically injured patients; therefore, we developed a protocol to screen high-risk patients. METHODS This prospective observational study included all Shock Trauma intensive care unit patients who met specific high-risk criteria including pulmonary artery catheter-directed shock resuscitation, open or closed tibial shaft fracture, major vascular injury below the aortic bifurcation, abdominal compartment syndrome, or pelvic or lower extremity crush injury. Patients were screened at admission and every 4 hours thereafter for the first 48 hours of admission. Screening included physical examination (PE) and anterior or deep posterior calf compartment pressure measurements when PE was suspicious or unreliable. A positive screening, defined as a DeltaP <30 mm Hg (where DeltaP is the difference between the diastolic blood pressure and the compartment pressure), mandated a four-compartment fasciotomy. RESULTS During a 6-month period, the incidence of ALECS in screened patients was surprisingly high at 20% (9 patients). With diligent screening, it was diagnosed early in the patient's Shock Trauma intensive care unit course. These were patients with severe injuries with an Injury Severity Score of 32.0 +/- 12.5 who exhibited significant volume depletion, with a base deficit of 12.9 +/- 5.9 mEq/L and a lactate level of 13.0 +/- 5.2 mmol/L, requiring large volume resuscitation. Although aggressive fasciotomy resulted in no limb loss, ALECS was associated with an exceedingly high mortality rate at 67%. CONCLUSIONS ALECS is an important clinical entity in critically injured patients with trauma associated with significant mortality. Aggressive screening may provide some diagnostic insight to those at risk.
Subversion of NPC1 pathway of cholesterol transport by Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Intracellular cholesterol amounts, distribution and traffic are tightly regulated to maintain the healthy eukaryotic cell function. However, how intracellular pathogens that require cholesterol, interact with the host cholesterol homeostasis and traffic is not well understood. Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligatory intracellular and cholesterol‐robbing bacterium, which causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Here we found that a subset of cholesterol‐binding membrane protein, Niemann‐Pick type C1 (NPC1)‐bearing vesicles devoid of lysosomal markers were upregulated in HL‐60 cells infected with A. phagocytophilum, and trafficked to live bacterial inclusions. The NPC1 localization to A. phagocytophilum inclusions was abolished by low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐derived cholesterol traffic inhibitor U18666A. Studies using NPC1 siRNA and the cell line with cholesterol traffic defect demonstrated that the NPC1 function is required for bacterial cholesterol acquisition and infection. Furthermore, trans‐Golgi network‐specific soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptors, vesicle‐associated membrane protein (VAMP4) and syntaxin 16, which are associated with NPC1 and LDL‐derived cholesterol vesicular transport were recruited to A. phagocytophilum inclusions, and VAMP4 was required for bacteria infection. Taken together, A. phagocytophilum is the first example of a pathogen that subverts the NPC1 pathway of intracellular cholesterol transport and homeostasis for bacterial inclusion membrane biogenesis and cholesterol capture.
Recent development of recommender systems

Electronic commerce (EC) has become an important support for business activities. Through the WWW, EC provides an efficient platform for interchanging the information between business and business (B2B), customers and customers (C2C); and customers and business (C2B). However, how to make use of huge amount of transaction data and identify potential customers on the internet remains a challenge for an EC company. We review the recent studies on recommender systems and present an overview. We also propose a conceptual model to improve the performance.
Retrieving documents based on gene name variations: MedIER at TREC 2017 Precision Medicine Track

—The TREC 2017 Precision Medicine Track focused on ﬁnding relevant medical documents – scientiﬁc abstracts and clinical trials – for cancer patient cases based on speciﬁc genetic variation and demographic information. We focused on the genetic variations mentioned in the query and explored ways to modify the search query and the retrieval ranking using this information. Further, we explored ﬁltering retrieved results based on demographic information matching for clinical trials. The results show little improvements of the approaches over baseline runs, and suggest need for additional exploration.
Molecular Cloning and Expression Profile of Toll-Like Receptor 3 from an Indian Coldwater Fish, Schizothorax richardsonii(Gray)

ABSTRACT The innate immune system recognizes pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the most important PRRs. TLR3 is a unique member of TLR family that recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a viral replication intermediate. There is a variation in its response among diverse fish species toward the same stimulants. We identified and cloned TLR3 from Indian snow trout, Schizothorax richardsonii and carried out its expression analysis in un-induced and poly (I:C) challenged fish. It has an open reading frame (ORF) of 2712 bases that encodes a polypeptide of 904 amino acids. The molecular weight of the polypeptide was predicted to be 102.4482 kDa with an isoelectric point of 7.40. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out after 24 hours of poly (I:C) treatment and expression of TLR3 was analyzed in different tissues. As compared with untreated fish the poly (I:C) challenged fish revealed significantly high expression of TLR3 in kidney followed by liver and gills.
Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis for proteome projects: The effects of protein hydrophobicity and copy number

Two‐dimensional (2‐D) gel electrophoresis is often used in proteome projects to provide a global view of the proteins expressed in any cell or tissue type. Here we have investigated the effects of protein hydrophobicity and cellular protein copy number on a protein's presence or absence on a two‐dimensional gel. The average hydropathy values of all known proteins from Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were calculated, thus defining the range of protein hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in these organisms. The average hydropathy values were then calculated for a total of 427 proteins from these species, which had been identified elsewhere on 2‐D gels. Strikingly, it was seen that no highly hydrophobic proteins, as defined by average hydrophobicity values, have been found to date on 2‐D gel separations of whole cell lysates. A clear hydrophobicity cutoff point was seen, above which current 2‐D electrophoresis methods appear not to be useful for protein separation. The effect of cellular protein copy number on a protein's presence on a 2‐D gel was investigated by means of a graphical model. This model showed how variations in protein loading and copy number per cell interact to determine the quantity of a protein that will be present on a 2‐D gel. Considering the current maximum in 2‐D gel loading capacity, it was found that 2‐D probably can not visualize or produce analytical quantities of proteins present at less than 1000 copies per cell. We conclude that further developments of 2‐D electrophoresis techniques are desirable to enable the visualization and analysis of all proteins expressed by a cell or tissue.
Experimental validation of Kalman filter based tracking in passive radar systems

Target localization and tracking capabilities of a passive radar system based on exploitation of DVB-T transmission as a signal of opportunity are demonstrated. The results are based on a real data acquisition campaign performed using an eleven elements antenna based passive radar developed at FHR in Germany. Specifically, the experiment considered a scenario of two small fast maneuvering targets and the passive radar system is able to discriminate and track the fast maneuvering targets.