Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Body size at birth modifies the effect of fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) rs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity in adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

The present study was intended to examine whether ponderal index (PI) at birth modifies the effect of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) rs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity in European adolescents. A total of 628 adolescents aged 14·4 (se 1·3) years (56·8 % female) were recruited. PI was calculated from parental reports of birth weight and length (kg/m3), and the BMI (kg/m2), body fat percentage and fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2) were calculated. The rs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped and physical activity assessed by accelerometry. Sex, duration of pregnancy, pubertal status, centre and physical activity were used as confounders in all the analyses. The minor A allele of the FTO rs9939609 was significantly associated with higher BMI, body fat percentage and FMI (all P < 0·05) but not with PI. Significant interactions between PI and the rs9939609 polymorphism in terms of body fat percentage (P = 0·002) and FMI (P = 0·017) were detected. However, this polymorphism was only significantly associated with higher BMI, body fat percentage and FMI (all P < 0·05) in adolescents in the lower PI tertile. Indeed, both body fat percentage and FMI were higher in those adolescents in the lower PI tertile carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism than in those with the TT genotype (25·0 (se 0·8) v. 22·1 (se 1·0) %, adjusted P = 0·030 and 5·6 (se 0·3) v. 4·6 (se 0·4) kg/m2, P = 0·031, respectively). Our findings suggest that those adolescents born with lower PI could be more vulnerable to the influence of the A risk allele of the FTO polymorphism on total adiposity content.
Eco‐evolutionary dynamics in a changing world

Fast evolutionary changes are common in natural populations, though episodes of rapid evolution do not generally last for long and are typically associated with changing environments. During such periods, evolutionary dynamics may influence ecological population dynamics and vice versa. This review is concerned with spatial eco‐evolutionary dynamics with a focus on the occurrence of species in marginal habitats and on metapopulations inhabiting heterogeneous environments. Dispersal and gene flow are key processes in both cases, linking demographic and evolutionary dynamics to each other, facilitating but also constraining the expansion of the current niche and the geographical range of species and determining the spatial scale and pattern of adaptation in heterogeneous environments. An eco‐evolutionary metapopulation model helps explain the contrasting responses of species to habitat loss and fragmentation. Eco‐evolutionary dynamics may facilitate the persistence of species in changing environments, but typically the evolutionary response only partially compensates for the negative ecological consequences of adverse environmental changes.
Importance of Hydrogen Sulfide, Thiosulfate, and Methylmercaptan for Growth of Thiobacilli during Simulation of Concrete Corrosion

Biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete surfaces caused by thiobacilli was reproduced in simulation experiments. At 9 months after inoculation with thiobacilli, concrete blocks were severely corroded. The sulfur compounds hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, and methylmercaptan were tested for their corrosive action. With hydrogen sulfide, severe corrosion was noted. The flora was dominated by Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Thiosulfate led to medium corrosion and a dominance of Thiobacillus neapolitanus and Thiobacillus intermedius. Methylmercaptan resulted in negligible corrosion. A flora of heterotrophs and fungi grew on the blocks. This result implies that methylmercaptan cannot be degraded by thiobacilli.
Ethnic Background Is a Potential Barrier to Living Donor Kidney Transplantation in Canada: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Background We examined if African or Asian ethnicity was associated with lower access to kidney transplantation (KT) in a Canadian setting. Methods Patients referred for KT to the Toronto General Hospital from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2012, who completed social work assessment, were included (n = 1769). The association between ethnicity and the time from referral to completion of KT evaluation or receipt of a KT were examined using Cox proportional hazards models. Results About 54% of the sample was white, 13% African, 11% East Asian, and 11% South Asian; 7% had “other” (n = 121) ethnic background. African Canadians (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.92]) and patients with “other” ethnicity (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.92) were less likely to complete the KT evaluation compared with white Canadians, and this association remained statistically significant in multivariable adjusted models. Access to KT was significantly reduced for all ethnic groups assessed compared with white Canadians, and this was primarily driven by differences in access to living donor KT. The adjusted HRs for living donor KT were 0.35 (95% CI, 0.24-0.51), 0.27 (95% CI, 0.17-0.41), 0.43 (95% CI, 0.30-0.61), and 0.34 (95% CI, 0.20-0.56) for African, East or South Asian Canadians and for patients with “other” ethnic background, respectively. Conclusions Similar to other jurisdictions, nonwhite patients face barriers to accessing KT in Canada. This inequity is very substantial for living donor KT. Further research is needed to identify if these inequities are due to potentially modifiable barriers.
Dissemination, adoption, and implementation of acamprosate for treating alcohol use disorders.

OBJECTIVE Acamprosate has been available in the United States for treating alcohol use disorders (AUDs) for nearly a decade, yet few studies have examined its use within AUD treatment organizations. In addition to describing dissemination and adoption of acamprosate, this study provides novel data regarding organizational processes that underlie its implementation within adopting programs. METHOD Data were drawn from interviews with leaders of a nationally representative sample of 307 organizations delivering AUD treatment. Quantitative indicators of organizational characteristics, dissemination, adoption, and implementation of acamprosate, as well as qualitative measures of implementation processes, were measured during face-to-face interviews. RESULTS Only 18.0% (n = 55) of sampled organizations had adopted acamprosate for treating AUDs, and adoption was positively associated with accreditation, having a physician on staff, receiving information about acamprosate via pharmaceutical representatives, and learning about this medication from other treatment providers. Within adopting programs, an average of 6.0% of AUD patients were currently receiving acamprosate. Numerous implementation challenges were identified, including appropriate patient selection, patient reluctance to be prescribed acamprosate, suboptimal adherence, its costs, and limited counselor training. CONCLUSIONS The limited adoption and implementation of acamprosate likely limits the potential public health impact of this adjunct to AUD treatment. Research integrating the perspectives of organizational leaders, medical professionals, and patients is needed to determine whether specific strategies can address the implementation challenges identified in the current study and increase use of acamprosate in specialty AUD treatment settings.
Do Sovereign Wealth Funds Dampen the Negative Effects of Commodity Price Volatility?

This paper studies the impact of commodity terms of trade (CToT) volatility on economic growth (and its sources) in a sample of 69 commodity-dependent countries, and assesses the role of Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) and quality of institutions in their long-term growth performance. Using annual data over the period 1981-2014, we employ the Cross-Sectionally augmented Autoregressive Distributive Lag (CS-ARDL) methodology for estimation to account for cross-country heterogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, and feedback effects. We find that while CToT volatility exerts a negative impact on economic growth (operating through lower accumulation of physical capital and lower TFP), the average impact is dampened if a country has a SWF and better institutional quality (hence a more stable government expenditure).
A 51.2 GOPS scalable video recognition processor for intelligent cruise control based on a linear array of 128 4-way VLIW processing elements

A 51.2 GOPS fully programmable and scalable video recognition processor is based on a linear connection of 128 4-way VLIW processing elements and an asynchronous data mapping mechanism. Execution is under 33 ms/frame for complex weather, robust road area/lane marking, and vehicle detection. The chip contains 32.7M transistors in 121 mm/sup 2/ area fabricated in 0.18 /spl mu/m 7M CMOS.
Flouroscopic Arthrography Versus MR Arthrography of the Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joints for the Detection of Tears of the Plantar Plate and Joint Capsule

Background: Derangements of the plantar plate and joint capsule are an underrecognized cause of lesser metatarsalgia. Fluoroscopic arthrography and magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography are both used for diagnosis. Currently there are no studies comparing the effectiveness of these two modalities. Methods: Patients suspected of having plantar plate or capsular tears underwent both fluoroscopic arthrography and MR arthrography; the imaging findings were then compared and correlated with intraoperative findings, when available, to evaluate the effectiveness of the different imaging modalities. Forty consecutive patients underwent both fluoroscopic and MR arthrography. Results: Thirty-two of 40 patients (80%) were found to have tears of the plantar plate, joint capsule, or both. MR arthrography identified all 32 tears. Four cases in the first 29 patients, 13.8%, demonstrated discrepancy where a tear was identified only on the MR arthrogram. A midpoint review of the data was performed. Of the 4 missed tears they were all noted to be plantar lateral in location. Four other patients in this group had plantar lateral tears that were not missed. These patients had an additional steep lateral oblique image on fluoroscopic arthrography, which showed the plantar lateral tear. Therefore an additional steep lateral oblique image was performed routinely capturing these small tears in the last 11 patients. Conclusion: MR arthrography was more accurate in identifying tears of the plantar plate and capsule than fluoroscopic arthrography. Fluoroscopic arthrography with additional views, like a steep lateral oblique view, was found to be as reliable, and more cost-effective, than MR arthrography. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Demo: Dead Reckoning for Monte Carlo Localization in Low Seed Density Scenarios

In this work we present a dead reckoning approach called Sensor-Assisted Monte Carlo Localization (SA-MCL) to account for low seed density situations in localization for mobile sensor networks. Our approach is based on using additional sensor information from a standard IMU device. It is evaluated in a mobile sensor network testbed based on radiocontrolled cars. The demo complements our full paper which describes our localization solution in detail.
Hla Antigens in Malignant Melanoma Patients

One hundred and forty melanoma patients, divided in 2 groups, i.e., patients with clinical evidence of melanoma and patients with no clinical evidence of melanoma, were typed for HLA-A, -B and -C antigens and compared with 340 to 905 (according to each HLA antigen examined) healthy adult blood donors. Overall, a highly significant increase in HLA-B40 antigen (p = 5.6 × 10−7) and a decrease in HLA-BW35 (p = 1.6 × 10−4) was observed. No relevant difference was found between the 2 groups. Moreover, an unexpected excess of HLA blanks was observed at both A and B loci in the first group (p = 1.3 × 10−2 and p = 3.3 × 10−6, respectively) and only at the B locus in the second (p = 1.2 × 10−2), when the patients were compared to 288 healthy individuals HLA typed at the same time and with the same HLA antisera as the patients. The increase in HLA blanks in melanoma patients deserves further investigation to ascertain whether it may be due to the tumor not yet surgically removed or may be referred to technical pitfalls.
Budesonide foam induces remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and ulcerative proctosigmoiditis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Budesonide is a high-potency, second-generation corticosteroid designed to minimize systemic adverse consequences of conventional corticosteroids. We performed 2 randomized, phase 3 trials to evaluate the ability of budesonide rectal foam, formulated to optimize retention and provide uniform delivery of budesonide to the rectum and distal colon, to induce remission in patients with ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. METHODS Two identically designed, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluated the efficacy of budesonide foam for induction of remission in 546 patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis who received budesonide foam 2 mg/25 mL twice daily for 2 weeks, then once daily for 4 weeks, or placebo. RESULTS Remission at week 6 occurred significantly more frequently among patients receiving budesonide foam than placebo (Study 1: 38.3% vs 25.8%; P = .0324; Study 2: 44.0% vs 22.4%; P < .0001). A significantly greater percentage of patients receiving budesonide foam vs placebo achieved rectal bleeding resolution (Study 1: 46.6% vs 28.0%; P = .0022; Study 2: 50.0% vs 28.6%; P = .0002) and endoscopic improvement (Study 1: 55.6% vs 43.2%; P = .0486; Study 2: 56.0% vs 36.7%; P = .0013) at week 6. Most adverse events occurred at similar frequencies between groups, although events related to changes in cortisol values were reported more frequently with budesonide foam. There were no cases of clinically symptomatic adrenal insufficiency. CONCLUSIONS Budesonide rectal foam was well tolerated and more efficacious than placebo in inducing remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01008410 and NCT01008423.
Optimal location of TCSC in transmission lines using contingency severity index and performance index methods for single contingency using PSO

During line contingencies, overloads in transmission lines occur, which can destabilize the system. These line overloads can be minimized by placing Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) with appropriate setting. In this paper, possible single contingencies are created in transmission lines and the effects are calculated in terms of Contingency Severity Index (CSI) and Performance Index (PI) methods. The calculated values from both the methods are ranked in ascending order. The top ranked lines are more severely affected, which is also the correct location for placement of TCSC. TCSC's are placed in top three lines taken from CSI and PI methods, and their effects in minimizing the overloads and objective function is noticed. A comparative study is done on the effects of TCSC placement by two ranking methods. The results are calculated for a sample IEEE 6 and a practical 30 Bus Indian system. The optimal setting of TCSC is done by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Technique.
Data Compatibility to Enhance Sustainable Capabilities for Autonomous Analytics in IoT

The collection of raw data is based on sensors embedded in devices or the environment for real-time data extraction. Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) environment is used to support autonomous data collection by reducing human involvement. It is hard to analyze such data, especially when working with the sensors in a real-time environment. On using data analytics in IoT with the help of RDF, many issues can be resolved. Resultant data will have a better chance of quality analytics by reforming data into the semantical annotation. Industrial correspondence through data will be improved by the induction of semantics at large due to efficient data capturing, whereas one popular medium of sensors’ data storage is Relational Database (RDB). This study provides a complete automated mechanism to transform from loosely structured data stored in RDB into RDF. These data are obtained from sensors in semantically annotated RDF stores. The given study comprises methodology for improving compatibility by introducing bidirectional transformation between classical DB and RDF data stores to enhance the sustainable capabilities of IoT systems for autonomous analytics. Two case studies, one on weather and another on heart-rate measurement collections through IoT sensors, are used to show the transformation process in operation.
A novel approach for salient region detection

Selective attention is a part of cognition process. An object in an image gets attention only if human eye attracts towards it. The brain relies on attention to detect salient part of an Image and filter out background details. The salient object detection problem is formulated as segmentation of Image to separate salient object from background. The proposed method is based on the feature used to measure human perception. The proposed method works in two steps, firstly the probable salient region is extracted based on human perception, then the color distribution is used to extract salient object. The efficiency and accuracy of proposed work measured on a standard database (MSRA).
LAND USE ASSOCIATIONS AND CHANGES IN POPULATION INDICES OF URBAN RACCOONS DURING A RABIES EPIZOOTIC

Land use associations and changes in population indices were assessed for an urban population of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Baltimore, Maryland (USA), from January 1984 to December 1987. Records were examined for 1,458 raccoons trapped alive and removed dead from city streets during, and after, the peak of a rabies epizootic. The distribution of raccoons was associated with single-unit residential areas primarily along the northern and western perimeter of the city. Beginning in March 1985 an ending in May 1987, an epizootic of raccoon rabies spread through Baltimore, ultimately resulting in the identification of 95 rabid raccoons. Within the study interval, annual numbers of trapped raccoons remained stable from 1984 to 1986, before showing a marked decline in 1987. The number of raccoons removed as vehicle mortalities (road-kills) varied little from 1984–1985 but declined in the last 2 yr of study. Numbers of other road-killed species did not decrease concurrently, suggesting a specific decrease in the urban raccoon population. The rabies epizootic, in conjunction with the increased city and private control, appears to have contributed to a decline in the number of raccoons in Baltimore.
Structural Model for Osteoporosis Preventing Behavior in Men

This longitudinal study evaluates the effect of bone mineral density screening on calcium intake and daily exercise of 196 healthy men older than 50 years over a period of 1 year. In this randomized clinical trial, the experimental group received personal bone density information via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The men completed measures addressing knowledge, health beliefs, calcium intake, and exercise behaviors. Outcome measures were collected by a questionnaire at three time points: initial (Time 1 [T1]; pre-DXA), 6 months (Time 2 [T2]), and 12 months (Time 3 [T3]). Using structural equation modeling for data analysis, results indicated that men in the experimental group had a significantly higher T2 calcium intake than the control group, with no additional direct effect at T3. T1 daily calcium intake was significantly predicted by T1 health beliefs. Men with higher levels of health motivation tended to have higher initial levels of daily calcium intake. Personal knowledge of DXA results relate significantly to increased calcium intake.
Nucleotide sequence of the two rat cellular rasH genes

We present the nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the rat c-rasH-1 gene and a partial sequence analysis of the rat c-rasH-2 gene. By comparing these sequences with the Harvey murine sarcoma virus ras gene, we predict that the p21 protein encoded by the Harvey virus differs from the cellular c-rasH-1-encoded p21 at only two amino acids; those at positions 12 and 59. Alterations at each of these positions may play a role in activating the viral p21 protein. The c-rasH-2 gene is likely to be a nonfunctional pseudogene because it lacks introns, cannot be activated to transform NIH 3T3 cells, and differs in sequence from both c-rasH-1 and v-rasH at several base pair positions.
A Novel Behavior-Based Virus Detection Method for Smart Mobile Terminals

The security of smart mobile terminals has been an increasingly important issue in recent years. While there are extensive researches on virus detections for smart mobile terminals, most of them share the same framework of virus detection as that for personal computers, and few of them tackle the problem from the standpoint of detection methodology. In this paper, we propose a behavior-based virus detection method for smart mobile terminals which signals the existence of malicious code through identifying the anomaly of user behaviors. We first propose a model to collect and analyze user behaviors and then present a polynomial time algorithm for the virus detection. Next, we evaluate this algorithm by testing it with two commercial malwares and one malware written by ourselves and show that our algorithm enjoys a high virus detection rate. Finally, we notice that the rate of change of the virus detection rate of the algorithm with respect to thresholds matches the real-world situation of user behaviors, which indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible.
Complementary and alternative medicine use among people with asthma and health-related quality of life

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the relationship between complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and self-reported health-related quality of life among people with asthma. Method: Data from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey and the 2010 Asthma Callback Survey (ACBS) were used. Survey respondents were men and women with asthma who were 18–99 years of age who responded to both surveys. Results: CAM use was associated with an increase in the number of days of poor mental health (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.02, 1.03) and poor physical health (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01, 1.02). The odds ratios are adjusted for covariates such as asthma severity, age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and educational attainment. CAM users report more days of poor mental health (7.2 versus 4.6) and poor physical health (9.6 versus 6.5) compared with those not using CAM therapies. Conclusions: Contrary to the hypotheses, CAM use is associated with poorer health-related quality of life. Implications for research and practice are discussed in detail.
Certain subclass of analytic functions related with conic domains and associated with Salagean q -differential operator

In our present investigation, by using Salagean q -differentialoperator we introduce and define new subclass$k-\mathcal{US}(q,\gamma ,m),$ $\gamma \in C\backslash \{0\},$ andstudied certain subclass of analytic functions in conic domains. Weinvestigate the number of useful properties of this class suchstructural formula and coefficient estimates Fekete--Szego problem,we give some subordination results, and some other corollaries.