Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive Sensing of Prediction of Moment-To-Moment Depressed Mood among Undergraduates with Clinical Levels of Depression Sample Using Smartphones

Prior research has recently shown that passively collected sensor data collected within the contexts of persons daily lives via smartphones and wearable sensors can distinguish those with major depressive disorder (MDD) from controls, predict MDD severity, and predict changes in MDD severity across days and weeks. Nevertheless, very little research has examined predicting depressed mood within a day, which is essential given the large amount of variation occurring within days. The current study utilized passively collected sensor data collected from a smartphone application to future depressed mood from hour-to-hour in an ecological momentary assessment study in a sample reporting clinical levels of depression (N = 31). Using a combination of nomothetic and idiographically-weighted machine learning models, the results suggest that depressed mood can be accurately predicted from hour to hour with an average correlation between out of sample predicted depressed mood levels and observed depressed mood of 0.587, CI [0.552, 0.621]. This suggests that passively collected smartphone data can accurately predict future depressed mood among a sample reporting clinical levels of depression. If replicated in other samples, this modeling framework may allow just-in-time adaptive interventions to treat depression as it changes in the context of daily life.
High-efficiency nonhomologous insertion of a foreign gene into the herpes simplex virus genome

Efficient, accurate and convenient foreign-gene insertion strategies are crucial for the high-throughput and rapid construction of large DNA viral vectors, but relatively inefficient and labour-intensive methods have limited the application of recombinant viruses. In this study, we applied the nonhomologous insertion (NHI) strategy, which is based on the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. Compared to the currently used homologous recombination (HR) strategy, we obtained a higher efficiency of foreign-gene insertion into the herpes simplex virus (HSV) genome that reached 45 % after optimization. By using NHI, we rapidly constructed recombinant reporter viruses using a small amount of clinical viruses, and the recombinant virus was stable for at least ten consecutive passages. The fidelity of NHI ranged from 70–100% and was related to the sequence background of the insertion site according to the sequencing results. Finally, we depict the dynamic process by which the foreign-gene donor plasmid and viral genome are rapidly cleaved by Cas9, as revealed by quantitative pulse analysis. Furthermore, the NHI strategy exerted selection pressure on the wild-type and reverse-integrated viral genomes to efficiently integrate the foreign gene in a predetermined direction. Our results indicate that the use of a rationally designed NHI strategy can allow rapid and efficient foreign gene knock-in into the HSV genome and provide useful guidance for gene insertion into large DNA viral genomes using NHI.
Systemic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Advances and Hopes.

The majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at advanced stage that can only benefit from systemic treatments. Although HCC is highly treatment resistant, significant achievements have been made in the molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy of HCC. In addition to regorafenib, cabozantinib and ramucirumab were approved for the second-line targeted treatment by FDA after disease progression on sorafenib. Nivolumab failed to demonstrate remarkable benefit in overall survival (OS) as a first-line therapy, while pembrolizumab did not achieve pre-specified statistical significance in both OS and progression-free survival (PFS) as a second-line treatment. Combinations of targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other interventions showed favorable results. In this review, we summarized the progress of systemic therapy in HCC and discussed the future directions of the treatment of HCC.
Population genetic structure and demographical history of South African abalone, Haliotis midae, in a conservation context

South African abalone, Haliotis midae, has been the subject of major concern regarding its survival and conservation over the last decade or more. Being the only one of five endemic species with commercial value, there is considerable interest and urgency in genetic management and improvement of this species. Limited genetic information and the increasing conservation concern of this species are considered the key motivations for generating information on the microand macro-evolutionary processes of H. midae, the overall objective of this study. This study reported the first microsatellite and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers developed specifically for Haliotis midae. Both these marker types were applied to elucidate the degree of gene flow in nine natural abalone populations whilst testing for two contrasting hypotheses; panmixia versus restricted gene flow. Data was analysed using a series of methodological approaches ranging from traditional summary statistics to more advanced MCMC based Bayesian clustering methods with and without including spatial information. Using only microsatellite data, the historical demography of the species was also examined in terms of effective population size and population size fluctuations. Finally, the evolutionary positioning and origin of Haliotis midae with regards to other Haliotis species was investigated based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. Both microsatellite and SNP data gave evidence for subtle differentiation between West and East coast populations that correlates with a hydrogeographic barrier in the vicinity of Cape Agulhas. Population substructure was supported by AMOVA, FCA and Bayesian clustering analysis. Clustering utilizing spatial information further indicated clinal variation on both sides of the proposed barrier with a region in the middle coinciding with a secondary contact zone, indicating possible historical
Addressing behavior in pollinator conservation policies to combat the implementation gap

Solutions for conserving biodiversity lie in changing people's behavior. Ambitious international and national conservation policies frequently fail to effectively mitigate biodiversity loss because they rarely apply behavior‐change theories. We conducted a gap analysis of conservation behavior‐change interventions advocated in national conservation strategies with the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW), a comprehensive framework for systematically characterizing and designing behavior‐change interventions. Using pollinator conservation as a case study, we classified the conservation actions listed in national pollinator initiatives in relation to intervention functions and policy categories of the BCW. We included all national‐level policy documents from the European Union available in March 2019 that focused on conservation of pollinators (n = 8). A total of 610 pollinator conservation actions were coded using in‐depth directed content analysis, resulting in the identification of 787 intervention function and 766 policy category codes. Overall, these initiatives did not employ the entire breadth of behavioral interventions. Intervention functions most frequently identified were education (23%) and environmental restructuring (19%). Least frequently identified intervention functions were incentivization (3%), and restriction (2%) and coercion were completely absent (0%). Importantly, 41% of all pollinator conservation actions failed to identify whose behavior was to be changed. Building on these analyses, we suggest that reasons for the serious implementation gap in national and international conservation policies is founded in insufficient understanding of which behavioral interventions to employ for most beneficial impacts on biodiversity and how to clearly specify the intervention targets. We recommend that policy advisors engage with behavior‐change theory to design effective behavior‐change interventions that underpin successful conservation policies.
Analysis of in-vitro explants mineral contents to modify medium mineral composition for enhancing growth of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.).

Micropropagation of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) still needs more study to be used consistently in various cultivars. Due to slow growth and yellow appearance of Persian walnut explants in DKW medium, a trial was conducted to refine the DKW medium composition. The method consists of adding the mineral composition that the walnut explants contain in the period of maximum growth to the DKW medium. The mineral composition of the explants of two walnut cultivars (Sunland and Chandler) were determined by ICP-OES technique. Two modified media (mDKW) were formulated based on the walnut explant mineral contents. Because of inappropriate concentration of nitrogen and calcium, media with two ranges of calcium and nitrogen were formulated; 1) mDKW 1 (DKW with 6 modified macronutrient concentrations) and 2) mDKW 2 (DKW with 4 modified macronutrient concentrations). Other minerals were formulated based on explant mineral concentrations. The growth rate of explants cultured on mDKW was compared to those cultured on DKW medium. There were no deficiency symptoms in explants in mDKW. Among the cultivars, Chandler had the maximum stem length and auxiliary bud number. Explants grown on mDKW 2 produced the maximum stem length and auxiliary bud number. Also the explants grown on mDKW2 showed no deficiency and yellow color leaves after 30 days. The results suggested that micropropagation in a medium containing mineral balance similar to that in explants may hold a hypertonic concentration of minerals for them to move from medium to explant and therefore will obtain better growth and proliferation conditions for explants.
Emotional affection on a sustained attention task: The importance the aging process and depression

Chronic pain is a complex experience that has now become a major public health issue. This has prompted many researchers to study attention, understanding it to be a crucial factor that allows altering the experience of pain, while attributing considerable importance to sustained attention. Accordingly, the main studies in this field stress the importance of emotion regulation processes and emotions on the perception of painful stimuli and attentional processes themselves. Nevertheless, only a handful of studies have been found that directly study the relationship between these variables. Within this context, this article sets out to analyse emotional regulation processes, emotional variables (depression and anxiety), the experience of pain, and age on the ability to maintain the vigilance response in a sample of patients with chronic pain. This involved selecting a sample of 49 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and examining their performance in an ad-hoc sustained attention test. With a view to complying with the study’s main purpose, the participants were also assessed through the use of the following self-report measures: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I); the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Linear regression analyses revealed a significant impact of the aging process on the performance times in the attention task. Likewise, age and depression recorded a significant correlation with the mistakes made during the task. These results suggest that higher depression levels and an older age might be related to a worse adaptation to pain management techniques based on attention processes, such as mindfulness.
Active forces shape the metaphase spindle through a mechanical instability

Significance The mitotic spindle machinery is a bipolar structure that segregates sister chromatids during cell division. Spindle assembly relies on the self-organization of motor proteins and microtubule filaments—dynamic polymers that constitute the spindle building blocks. How motors ensure a bipolar spindle-like structure is not understood. Here we build a liquid crystal droplet description of the spindle that quantitatively accounts for pole focusing as a function of dynein activity. Our results show how active forces driven by molecular motors can shape liquid crystalline droplets. The metaphase spindle is a dynamic structure orchestrating chromosome segregation during cell division. Recently, soft matter approaches have shown that the spindle behaves as an active liquid crystal. Still, it remains unclear how active force generation contributes to its characteristic spindle-like shape. Here we combine theory and experiments to show that molecular motor-driven forces shape the structure through a barreling-type instability. We test our physical model by titrating dynein activity in Xenopus egg extract spindles and quantifying the shape and microtubule orientation. We conclude that spindles are shaped by the interplay between surface tension, nematic elasticity, and motor-driven active forces. Our study reveals how motor proteins can mold liquid crystalline droplets and has implications for the design of active soft materials.
Eco Friendly Approach for Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of Milk Protein Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles

Today, the overall occurrence of re-emerging and rising illnesses has been a serious load on economies as well as public health. Here, we describe a simple, nontoxic and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of milk protein (MP)-stabilized silver nanoparticles (MP-s-AgNPs) using ultrahigh-temperature full cream milk. Highly stable AgNPs were prepared with a fair control over their size, without using any reducing or stabilizing agent, and their formation was attributed to the presence of the MP casein. Ag+ ion reduction was possibly caused by the MPs. The synthesized MP-s-AgNPs were characterized in detail by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. MP-s-AgNPs showed inhibitory activity against both Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative microorganisms (Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli). Moreover, MP-s-AgNPs were found to be more toxic to bacteria than to fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium chrysogenum).
On the Reliability of Suction Measurements for Skin Characterization.

In-vivo skin characterization methods were shown to be useful in detection of microstructural alterations of the dermis due to skin diseases. Specifically the diagnostic potential of skin suction has been widely explored, yet measurement uncertainties prevented so far its application in clinical assessment. In the present work, we analyse specific factors influencing the reliability of suction measurements. We recently proposed a novel suction device, called Nimble, addressing the limitations of existing instruments, and applied it in clinical trials quantifying mechanical differences between healthy skin and scars. Measurements were performed with the commercial device Cutometer and with the new device. A set of new suction measurements was carried out on scar tissue and healthy skin and FE-based inverse analysis was applied to determine corresponding parameters of a hyperelastic-viscoelastic material model. FE simulations were used to rationalize differences between suction protocols and to analyse specific factors influencing the measurement procedure. Tissue stiffness obtained from Cutometer measurements was significantly higher compared to the one from Nimble measurements, which was shown to be associated with the higher deformation levels in the Cutometer and the non-linear mechanical response of skin. The effect of the contact force exerted on skin during suction measurements was quantified, along with an analysis of the effectiveness of a corresponding correction procedure. Parametric studies demonstrated the inherently higher sensitivity of displacement- over load-controlled suction measurements, thus rationalizing the superior ability of the Nimble to distinguish between tissues.
Genetic Characterization of Native Donkey (Equus asinus) Populations of Turkey Using Microsatellite Markers

Simple Summary This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability of Turkish native donkey (Equus asinus) populations, using polymorphism of 17 microsatellite markers. The results revealed a highly mixed genotype of all the examined donkeys, suggesting that two different group of breeds can be distinguished from each other on the basis of microsatellite markers. Abstract This study presents the first insights to the genetic diversity and structure of the Turkish donkey populations. The primary objectives were to detect the main structural features of Turkish donkeys by microsatellite markers. A panel of 17 microsatellite markers was applied for genotyping 314 donkeys from 16 locations of Turkey. One hundred and forty-two alleles were identified and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 12. The highest number of alleles was observed in AHT05 (12) and the lowest in ASB02 and HTG06 (4), while ASB17 was monomorphic. The mean HO in the Turkish donkey was estimated to be 0.677, while mean HE was 0.675. The polymorphic information content (PIC) was calculated for each locus and ranged from 0.36 (locus ASB02) to 0.98 (locus AHT05), which has the highest number of alleles per locus in the present study. The average PIC in our populations was 0.696. The average coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) over the 17 loci was 0.020 ± 0.037 (p < 0.01). The GST values for single loci ranged from −0.004 for LEX54 to 0.162 for COR082. Nei’s gene diversity index (Ht) for loci ranged from 0.445 (ASB02) to 0.890 (AHT05), with an average of 0.696. A Bayesian clustering method, the Structure software, was used for clustering algorithms of multi-locus genotypes to identify the population structure and the pattern of admixture within the populations. When the number of ancestral populations varied from K = 1 to 20, the largest change in the log of the likelihood function (ΔK) was when K = 2. The results for K = 2 indicate a clear separation between Clade I (KIR, CAT, KAR, MAR, SAN) and Clade II (MAL, MER, TOK, KAS, KUT, KON, ISP, ANT, MUG, AYD and KAH) populations.
Prospective Short-Term and Return-to-Sports Results of a Novel Uncemented Short-Stem Hip Prosthesis with Metaphyseal Anchorage

Short-stem hip prostheses were developed to treat active patients requiring total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study provides short-term data about a short-stem total hip arthroplasty system. Functional and radiological outcomes as well as return to sports and activity level were assessed. A series of 55 patients was primarily included. Data were available for 47 patients at an average follow-up of 38 ± 4.6 months. The back-to-sports analysis showed a 98% return-to-sports rate (46/47 patients). The average time for return to sports was 13 weeks (± 8) postoperatively. Five patients (10.6%) were more active postoperatively. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) improved from 34.8 (±9.4) preoperatively to 94.7 (±8.4, p ≤ 0.001) and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score improved from 4.5 (±1.8) to 6.9 (±1.9) (p ≤ 0.001). The High Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) was 12 (±3.6) at 3-year follow-up. Pre- and postoperative UCLA and postoperative HHS and HAAS scores had a positive influence on the return-to-sports rate (p ≤ 0.05). The collection of radiographic data during all postoperative follow-ups showed no signs of radiolucent lines or bone fissures. The complication rate was at 5%. Short-stem systems are equaling conventional prostheses and offer benefits regarding soft tissue and bone stock preservation. Fast recovery and return to sports can be achieved.
Early versus late profiles of inflammatory cytokines after mild TBI and their association with neuropsychological outcomes.

Introduction Despite pre-clinical evidence for the role of inflammation in TBI, there is limited data on inflammatory biomarkers in mild TBI (mTBI). In this study, we describe the profile of plasma inflammatory cytokines and explore associations between these cytokines and neuropsychological outcomes after mTBI. Methods Patients with mTBI with negative computed tomography and orthopedic injury (OI) controls without mTBI were prospectively recruited from emergency rooms at three trauma centers. Plasma inflammatory cytokine levels were measured from venous whole blood samples that were collected at enrollment (within 24 hours of injury) and at 6 months after injury. Neuropsychological tests were performed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the injury. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify associations between inflammatory cytokines and neuropsychological outcomes. Results A total of 53 mTBI and 24 OI controls were included in this study. The majority of patients were male (62.3%), and injured in motor vehicle accidents (37.7%). Plasma IL-2 (p=0.014) and IL-6 (p=0.01) within 24 hours post-injury were significantly higher for mTBI patients as compared to OI controls. Elevated plasma IL-2 at 24 hours was associated with more severe one week post-concussive symptoms (p=0.001). At 6 months elevated plasma IL-10 was associated with greater depression scores (p=0.004) and more severe post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (p=0.001). Conclusions Plasma cytokine levels (within 24 hours and at 6 months post-injury) were significantly associated with early and late post-concussive symptoms, PTSD, and depression scores after mTBI. These results highlight the potential role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic symptoms after mTBI.
The effect of a 50-Hz sinusoidal magnetic field on nitric oxide (NO) production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)

To investigate the effect of magnetic fields on living systems, we analyzed the effect of a 50-Hz, 1-mT sinusoidal magnetic field on nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Statistically significant differences in NO production were identified between exposed and unexposed (sham) cells. This finding confirms previous studies showing that magnetic fields can influence NO production; however, unlike previous studies, our results demonstrate two-way deviation of NO production under the influence of a magnetic field. Thus, in some cases, NO production was higher for the exposed group than the sham group, while in other cases the reverse was true. We suggest that the magnetic field affected the homeostasis of NO levels in a complex manner. Thus, the resulting NO level was dependent on the condition of the cell in each experiment or cells in each experiment were at a different stage in the cell cycle and therefore exhibited a different response when exposed to the magnetic field.
Systematics of the four Notiophilus Dumeril, 1806 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) species based on morphological and molecular data

The research on the systematics of four species of the genus Notiophilus Dumeril, 1806 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) that has been based on morphological features and molecular data is presented in this article. For molecular species identification and phylogenetic analysis of four species of the genus Notiophilus Dum. we used dry collection specimens to get genetic information from rare of scarce material. The research has been carried out for N. aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758), N. semistriatus Say 1823, N. jakovlevi Tschitscherine, 1903 and N. semenovi Tscitscherine, 1903. All sequences were detected for the first time. On the basis of the results, we propose to consider Notiophilus semenovi Tschitscherine, 1903 stat. n. , previously rated as Notiophilus aquqticus (L.) synonymous, a valid species.