Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic wave attenuation from borehole and surface records in the top 2.5km beneath the city of Basel, Switzerland

SUMMARY We investigate attenuation (Q−1) of sediments of 2.5–3.5 km thickness underneath the city of Basel, Switzerland. We use recordings of 195 induced events that were obtained during and after the stimulation of a reservoir for a Deep Heat Mining Project in 2006 and 2007. The data set is ideally suited to estimate Q as all events are confined to a small source volume and were recorded by a dense surface network as well as six borehole sensors at various depths. The deepest borehole sensor is positioned at a depth of 2.7 km inside the crystalline basement at a mean hypocentral distance of 1.8 km. This allows us to measure Q for frequencies between 10 and 130 Hz. We apply two different methods to estimate Q. First, we use a standard spectral ratio technique to obtain Q, and as a second measure we estimate Q in the time domain, by convolving signals recorded by the deepest sensor with a Q operator and then comparing the convolved signals to recordings at the shallower stations. Both methods deliver comparable values for Q. We also observe similar attenuation for P- and S- waves (QP∼QS). As expected, Q increases with depth, but with values around 30–50, it is low even for the consolidated Permian and Mesozoic sediments between 500 and 2700 m.
Unemployment Dispersion and City Configurations: Beyond the Bid Rent Theory

In the present article, I provide a simple urban theory where agents do not bid for land. In absence of this baseline mechanism, I show that the spatial allocation of agents is governed by a Nash equilibrium. I underline the role of asymmetric local congestion effects in insuring the existence and the uniqueness of such an equilibrium. I then use this new framework to account for spatial variation in unemployment within big cities. Namely, applying this setting in an urban search model, I demonstrate that the obtained framework can generate a large number of new city configurations in which the local unemployment rate behaves differently. I also determine conditions for which each configuration may appear. I finally prove, the existence and the uniqueness of a labor market equilibrium for each urban pattern and I draw a link between the latter and the allocation of workers throughout space.
Title Fourier domain mode locking laser sweeping based on opticalparametric amplification

We present a Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) laser scanning from 1516 to 1550 nm and 1567 to 1597 nm using optical parametric amplifier (OPA) as the gain medium. The output power of -4.85 dBm with sweep rate of 39.6 kHz is achieved. OCIS codes: (190.4970) Parametric oscillators and amplifiers; (140.3600) Lasers, Tunable
Semi-infinite optimization with sums of exponentials via polynomial approximation

AbstractWe propose a general method for optimization with semi-inﬁnite constraintsthat involve a linear combination of functions, focusing on the case of the expo-nential function. Each function is lower and upper bounded on sub-intervals bylow-degree polynomials. Thus, the constraints can be approximated with poly-nomial inequalities that can be implemented with linear matrix inequalities.Convexity is preserved, but the problem has now a ﬁnite number of constraints.We show how to take advantage of the properties of the exponential function inorder to build quickly accurate approximations. The problem used for illustra-tion is the least-squares ﬁtting of a positive sum of exponentials to an empiricaldensity. When the exponents are given, the problem is convex, but we alsogive a procedure for optimizing the exponents. Several examples show that themethod is ﬂexible, accurate and gives better results than other methods for theinvestigated problems. a Department of Automatic Control andComputers, University Politehnica ofBucharest,Spl. Independen¸tei 313, Bucharest 060042, Romania. E-mails: bogdan.dumitrescu,bogdan.sicleru@acse.pub. ro
Ink-jet printing of dual polarized loop slot antenna fed by tri-plate line on paper based substrates

In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of ink-jet printed loop slot antenna fed by tri-plate line with nano particle silver ink. The fabrication process of ink-jet printing is easy to be printed by home ink-jet printer at lower cost. The antenna element consists of a loop slot, a parasitic patch and a feeding probe with stub. The antenna components are printed on paper based substrates with nano particle silver ink. This antenna has wide band characteristic that can cover more than 27% of fractional bandwidth with a VSWR less than 1.5 and a high isolation between dual-polarization feeding ports of more than 20 dB. This paper presents a design approach of this proposed antenna and the antenna characteristics.
High-speed Serial Bus Repeater Primer Re-driver and Re-timer Microarchitecture , Properties , and Usage

1.2 Motivation and Scope Multi-gigahertz serial links, with progressively increasing bitrates, suffer from signal distortion (Intersymbol Interference, or ISI) due to PCB and package copper and dielectric losses. Other distortions also occur due to impedance discontinuities in the channels, such as vias, connectors, and packages. While a Serializer-Deserializer (SerDes) receiver (Rx for short) is designed to compensate for most of these distortions, and create an internal eye open enough for reliable sampling, bit rates are rising faster than Rx, PCB, or package High Density Interconnect (HDI) technologies can keep up with. The result is that total channel reach is decreasing. Using expensive PCB materials to reduce loss will be reaching its dielectric limits soon, and adds significant cost. Next generation buses, such as PCI Express (PCIe) 4.0 (16 Gb/s) and USB3.10 (10 Gb/s), which aim to double bit rates, will support shorter channel lengths (with similar high volume PCB materials) than their existing 8 Gb/s and 5 Gb/s predecessors, respectively.
Response surface methodology approach for optimization of methyl orange adsorptive removal by magnetic chitosan nanocomposite

In this work, the adsorption process of methyl orange (MO) removal by a magnetic chitosan with an Al 2 O 3 /Fe 3 O 4 core was optimized using the experimental design method in order to maximize the removal efficiency. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was performed to find the relationship between the effective adsorption parameters on the MO removal efficiency as the response. The statistical parameters of the derived model were acquired: R 2 = 0.9799 and F value = 47.07. Finally, non-linear optimization was carried out and values of 6.5, 0.70 g l –1 , 30 ppm, and 60 min were obtained as the optimum values for pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and contact time, respectively, while the predicted MO removal efficiency was found to be 96.8 ± 2.2% (with a 95% confidence level). This was in agreement with the experimental response of 96.5 ± 1.4%.
The Relationship between Human Resources Management and Non-financial Performance of Quoted Food and Beverages Companies in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture

Due to unclear and unpredictable definition of organizational culture, business performance and human resources management practices in Nigeria, most food and beverages firms have no sustainable basis for creating and maintaining a competitive advantage, firm performance and development in the industry where they operate and are unable to achieve targeted performance. This makes it necessary for the HRM department to play a crucial role to manage their employees together with the welfare of the organization. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between human resources management (HRM) and non-financial performance (NFP) with moderating role of organizational culture. Hypothesis was developed considering five key HRM practices and NFP and subsequently testing based on data from 5 quoted selected food and beverages companies in Nigeria. The findings using hierarchical regression analysis revealed that human resources management and organizational culture have significant effect on non-financial performance (F = 854.526, p < 0.05). Organizational culture had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between human resource and non-financial performance in Nigeria (∆R2 = 0.001; ∆F = 1.894; p >0.05). The study recommended that the management of Food and beverages companies in Nigeria should create a supportive culture in the organization as such will help the employees to put in their best towards enhancing firm performance.
Survey on Cluster Ensemble Approach for Categorical Data Clustering

Clustering is a powerful technique in data mining, it is useful to determine structure the original data. Many well-established clustering algorithms, have been designed for numerical data, still, these algorithms cannot be used for categorical data. Clustering aims to categorize data into groups or clusters such that data in the one cluster present related to each other than to those data in different cluster. Traditional Clustering algorithms based on distance function such as Manhattan, Euclidean, etc. These distance function is used for to find similarity between the databases such that data points in the same partition are more similar than points in different partitions. The traditional clustering algorithms cannot apply on for categorical attributes. The categorical data are clustered and represented using the cluster ensembles. Cluster ensembles are used as the best alternative to the standard cluster analysis. The data set has been clustered by using any of the well-known cluster algorithm and represented as a cluster ensemble. The cluster ensembles generated a final data partition based on information and the information is prefect to make use of it.
Back to the big picture

ABSTRACT We distinguish between two different strategies in methodology of economics. The big picture strategy, dominant in the twentieth century, ascribed to economics a unified method and evaluated this method against a single criterion of ‘science’. In the last thirty years a second strategy gained prominence: fine-grained studies of how some specific technique common in economics can achieve one or more epistemic goal. We argue that recent developments in philosophy of science and in economics warrant a return to big picture – but now reinvented. It should focus on a new question, already intensely debated within the profession: is the organization of economics healthy and appropriate?
Scalar Casimir effect in a high-dimensional cosmic dispiration spacetime

In this paper we present a complete and detailed analysis of the calculation of both the Wightman function and the vacuum expectation value of the energy–momentum tensor that arise from quantum vacuum fluctuations of massive and massless scalar fields in the cosmic dispiration spacetime, which is formed by the combination of two topological defects: a cosmic string and a screw dislocation. This spacetime is obtained in the framework of the Einstein–Cartan theory of gravity and is considered to be a chiral spacelike cosmic string. For completeness we perform the calculation in a high-dimensional spacetime, with flat extra dimensions. We found closed expressions for the energy–momentum tensor and, in particular, in [Formula: see text]-dimensions, we compare our results with previous existing ones in the literature for the massless scalar field case.
Quantifying Climate Change and Ecological Responses within the Yangtze River Basin, China

The interactions between climate change and vegetation have a significant impact on the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. Based on the observed meteorological data from 1961 to 2013 and the temperature and precipitation data simulated by various climate models (simulations phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project dataset), this paper analyzes the temperature and precipitation changes of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) and finds that they are a similar trend, that is, the temperature presents a significant upward trend (R2 = 0.49, p < 0.01), and the variation trend of precipitation is not significant (R2 = 0.01). Specifically, based on observed meteorological data, the annual mean temperature increased significantly and the area of increasing temperature accounted for 99.94% of the total region (p < 0.05); however, there was no significant change in annual precipitation. Ecological indicators (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); enhanced vegetation index (EVI); leaf area index (LAI); gross primary production (GPP); and net primary production (NPP)) of the YRB showed an increasing trend, and annual NDVI, annual EVI, LAI, annual total GPP and annual total NPP increased at respective rates of 0.002 yr−1, 0.001 yr−1, 0.07 m2m−2decade−1, 9 TgCyr−1yr−1, and 6 TgCyr−1yr−1, respectively. Correlation analysis between temperature/precipitation and NDVI/EVI/LAI/GPP/NPP was used to determine the relationships between climatic parameters and ecological indicators. Specifically, the temperature is significantly positively correlated with annual NDVI (R2 = 0.37, p < 0.05), with annual mean LAI (R2 = 0.35, p < 0.05) and with annual GPP (R2 = 0.37, p < 0.05). In addition, there is a moderate positive correlation between mean EVI and mean growing season air temperature (R2 = 0.24); annual mean air temperature is a moderate positive correlation with annual NPP (R2 = 0.28). Our findings confirm that temperature is more closely related to ecological factors than precipitation over the YRB in these decades.
Late Miocene–Pliocene range growth in the interior of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

The time-space patterns of deformation throughout the Indo-Asian collision zone can place constraints on the processes responsible for the development of high topography. Although most agree that high topography associated with the Tibetan Plateau expanded throughout the Cenozoic, it is increasingly being recognized that portions of the present-day plateau experienced a protracted history of deformation starting before or shortly after collision. Deciphering the history of deformation in these regions is central to understanding the dynamics of plateau formation. Here, we report new constraints on the timing of shortening along the southern margin of the Gonghe Basin complex, a broad Tertiary–Quaternary depocenter within the interior region of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Deformation of basin strata, lithostratigraphic patterns, and changes in paleocurrents record the growth of structures along the southern margin of the basin. A novel combination of magnetostratigraphy and cosmogenic burial ages from fluvial deposits provides a chronology that suggests that sediment accumulation initiated at ca. 20 Ma and that indicates the basin-bounding structures became active during the late Miocene, between ca. 10 and 7 Ma. The probable onset of basin development in the early Miocene is similar to other regions of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and it appears to herald the onset of widespread contractional deformation in the region. Moreover, late Miocene activity on thrusts bounding the southern margin of Gonghe Basin was broadly synchronous with the rise of mountain ranges elsewhere along the periphery of the plateau, suggesting a coordinated pulse of growth of high topography during this time.
CFD MODELING OF VAPOR CLOUD EXPLOSION , COLD BLEVE AND HOT BLEVE IN A LARGE SCALE TUNNEL

In the present work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) explosion simulations are performed in a large scale tunnel. The length of the tunnel is approximately equal to one kilometer. Three different cases of explosion are studied: Vapor Cloud Explosion (VCE), Cold BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) and Hot BLEVE. The main purpose of this study is the calculation of the generated overpressures inside the tunnel and the comparison of the pressure dynamics among these type of explosions. Realistic scenarios are chosen for each explosion based on the traffic of the tunnel. In the Vapor Cloud Explosion case, the release and dispersion of 23100 kg propane into the atmosphere are simulated in order to calculate the concentration distribution in the tunnel. Both external wind and piston effect due to vehicles’ movement was taken under account in the dispersion process. Then the mixture is ignited and the deflagration process is simulated in order to calculate the generated overpressures. In the Cold BLEVE case the total loss of confinement of a 29 m 3 high pressure (57 bar) carbon dioxide storage tank is simulated, whereas in the Hot BLEVE case the total loss of confinement of a 46 m 3 propane storage tank (at 18 bar) is considered. The total loss of confinement of the tanks lead to a violent expansion due to evaporation. As a result high overpressures are generated. The transient three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations of the multispecies mixture along with the continuity equation, the conservation equation of species and the energy equation are solved. Turbulence is modelled with the standard k-ε model. In the Vapor Cloud Explosion case a MultiPhenomena turbulent burning velocity combustion model is used. In the Hot BLEVE case, fire is modeled using the Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC) model. The simulation results reveal that the modeling approach that is used is capable of reproducing physical realistic results. Differences in pressure dynamics among the scenarios are revealed due to the different physics of the explosions.
ANALISIS ACTIVITY BASED COSTING SYSTEM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PERHITUNGAN TARIF JASA RAWAT INAP PADA RUMAH SAKIT UMUM HAJI MEDAN

Perhitungan harga pokok produksi terhadap suatu produk atau jasa sangat penting dilakukan untuk menentukan harga jual, apabila metode perhitungan harga pokok produk atau jasa yang digunakan tidak sesuai untuk diterapkan di era yang modern seperti ini, maka akan terjadi distorsi biaya. Distorsi timbul karena adanya ketidakakuratan dalam pembebanan biaya, sehingga dapat mengakibatkan kesalahan dalam penentuan biaya, pembuatan keputusan, perencanaan dan pengendalian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penentuan tarif jasa rawat inap dengan menggunakan activity based costing dan mengetahui besarnya perbandingan tarif jasa rawat inap dengan menggunakan sistem tradisional dan activity based costing system , yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam menerapkan tarif jasa rawat inap pada Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Medan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif komparatif yaitu menganalisis tarif rumah sakit saat ini, menghitung tarif berdasarkan activity based costing , kemudian membandingkan tarif jasa rawat inap rumah sakit berdasarkan activity based costing dengan realisasinya. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kepustakaan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perhitungan menggunakan activity based costing memberikan hasil yang berbeda. Hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan sistem activity based costing dibandingkan dengan tarif yang ditentukan rumah sakit memberikan hasil yang lebih mahal pada kelas Super VIP, kelas II, dan kelas III. Sedangkan untuk kelas Suite Room, kelas VIP, dan kelas I memberikan hasil yang lebih murah. Perbedaan yang terjadi antara sistem tradisional dan sistem activity based costing disebabkan karena pembebanan biaya overhead pada masing-masing produk tersebut.
Changes in the Timber Industry as a Catastrophic Event: BAG-Raising in Cowlitz County, Washington

Sometimes, an external or catastrophic event causes a very sudden change in a speech community, often resulting in the loss traditional linguistic features and the spread of innovative speech patterns. This paper shows that changes in the timber industry in the late 1970s in Cowlitz County, Washington triggered the sudden loss of pre-velar raising, an innovative feature elsewhere in Washington State. Data was collected primarily through reading tasks with 42 natives of Cowlitz County, and by comparing a large set of piecewise regression models, it was found that those born after 1973 were much less likely to have the raised variant. In addition to a clear a shift around this time in census data, the older generation was generally nostalgic and had strong, positive feelings towards the area while the opposite was true of the younger cohort. These patterns, together with an examination of those who were exceptional within their generations, suggest that the raised variant is a marker of identity, signaling positive feelings towards Cowlitz County and the Pacific Northwest. This paper shows that the speech of Cowlitz County is more like that of Oregon than rest of Washington and that catastrophic events may in fact trigger the loss of an innovative feature when strong local identity is associated with the traditional variant. This working paper is available in University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: https://repository.upenn. edu/pwpl/vol24/iss2/16
Intelligent recreation agents in a virtual GIS world

This paper describes a method for simulating the interactions of different human recreators in a complex natural environment by integrating intelligent agents and geographic information systems (GIS). The purpose of this model is to assist recreation planners and managers to evaluate a set of alternative management scenarios that i) alter the scheduling of recreators as they enter a park; ii) increase or decrease the size or access to facilities such as roads and trails, parking lots, visitor centres or camp grounds; or iii) separate recreators onto different roads and trails. By simulating the behavior of different agents in a virtual environment as described by GIS, it is possible to manipulate the number and type of agents, and characteristics of the environment to study the dynamic relationships between the two systems. This provides park managers with an insight into the probable effects of a given management scenario on user flows and satisfaction.
A Review of Security Issues in SDLC

Software Engineers do not implement security as a continuing process in software development; they give it worth at the end of software development. Security implementation is an essential on-going routine in each phase of the software development lifecycle. This quantitative type of research investigates the security factors in different phases of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and evaluates them from the research community and software engineers. Results are analyzed by using a statistical tool (SPSS), and security rules are proposed in each step of SDLC to assist software engineers and research community.