Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of MoOx/Al2O3 under Cyclic Operation for Oxidative and Non-Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane

A MoOx/Al2O3 catalyst was synthesised and tested for oxidative (ODP) and non-oxidative (DP) dehydrogenation of propane in a reaction cycle of ODP followed by DP and a second ODP run. Characterisation results show that the fresh catalyst contains highly dispersed Mo oxide species in the +6 oxidation state with tetrahedral coordination as [MoVIO4]2− moieties. In situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) shows that [MoVIO4]2− is present during the first ODP run of the reaction cycle and is reduced to MoIVO2 in the following DP run. The reduced species are partly re-oxidised in the subsequent second ODP run of the reaction cycle. The partly re-oxidised species exhibit oxidation and coordination states that are lower than 6 but higher than 4 and are referred to as MoxOy. These species significantly improved propene formation (relatively 27% higher) in the second ODP run at similar propane conversion activity. Accordingly, the initial tetrahedral [MoVIO4]2− present during the first ODP run of the reaction cycle is active for propane conversion; however, it is unselective for propene. The reduced MoIVO2 species are relatively less active and selective for DP. It is suggested that the MoxOy species generated by the reaction cycle are active and selective for ODP. The vibrational spectroscopic data indicate that the retained surface species are amorphous carbon deposits with a higher proportion of aromatic/olefinic like species.
Monte Carlo simulation of spatially distributed beams in electron-beam lithography

The spatial distribution of energy deposited in a thin polymer film of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) by a laterally distributed electron beam is simulated with Monte Carlo calculations. The Monte Carlo simulation includes the significant contribution from electrons that are backscattered from the substrate (Si) into the film. Equienergy density contours (eV/cm3) are calculated for specific cases of beam voltage, film thickness, beam width, and beam‐edge slope. A time‐dependent solubility model is also incorporated to simulate the time evolution of the developed contours. A size effect is observed; i.e., the development time for a line depends on the line width. This intraproximity effect is ascribed to electrons backscattered from the substrate.
COMPUTER SIMULATION STUDIES OF ION TRANSPORT ACROSS A LIQUID/LIQUID INTERFACE

The mechanism for transporting a chloride ion or a cesium ion across a water−carbon tetrachloride liquid/liquid interface is characterized using molecular dynamics techniques. The results obtained in these studies provided new physical insight into both the free energies and solvent structures as the ion moved across the interface. The computed free-energy profiles of ion transfer for both ions increased monotonically from water to carbon tetrachloride. No free-energy minima were observed at the liquid/liquid interface. The first hydration shells of the ions were significantly reduced as the ions moved from the aqueous phase to the nonaqueous phase. A so-called “fingering” was created by the chloride ion in the nonaqueous phase, which has a similar characteristic found in the aqueous ionic cluster studies.
Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers for vanillin via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer suspension polymerization

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for vanillin were synthesized by suspension polymerization using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker and methacrylic acid as functional monomer, respectively. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy and equilibrium binding experiments indicated that the MIPs can selectively separate the target analytes. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) technique was used to synthesize MIPs using benzyl dithiobenzoate as RAFT agent. The results showed smaller particle size, higher molecular adsorption, and considerable binding specificity toward vanillin than those prepared by suspension polymerization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Factors associated with the functional performance of older adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The aim of this study was to investigated factors associated with the functional impairment of older adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and identify the influence of sociodemographic, clinical, and functional factors in this population. This is an observational analytical, and cross-sectional study, which evaluated 159 individuals of both genders, aged 60 years or older. The WHODAS (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule) total score was analyzed in relation to other variables of the study, using the following statistical tests: Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s post hoc, Spearman correlation, and simple linear regression analysis. Significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05). In total, 12 linear regression models were generated and the latter was selected for elaborating the prediction equation and its possible interpretations. Functional impairment was associated with sociodemographic, clinical, and functional factors. Sedentary lifestyle, overweight, cognitive deficit, decreased mobility, and falls were the factors that predicted the restriction of functional performance in older adults with type 2 DM. This study assessed the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical, and functional factors concerning the functional impairment of older adults with type 2 DM, reaffirming that this disease causes negative impacts in a global way and that the association among these factors leads to a decrease in functionality and worsening of life quality in this population. The findings of this study point out the importance of preventive programs in order to promote behavioral changes that can reduce the impact of type 2 DM complications.
Um modelo para detecção automática do comportamento de tentativa e erro em STI baseado em passo

This paper presents a machine learning-based model for automatic detection of try-step abuse behavior in a step-based Intelligent Tutoring System. We have trained this model based on data obtained through the observation and analysis of videos and the system interaction logs. After the development of an annotation protocol, we have labeled the students’ actions with the occurrence or not of the try-step abuse behavior. We submitted the model to unseen data, in which the model achieved a 0.684 Kappa. Resumo. Este artigo apresenta um modelo baseado em aprendizado de máquina para detecção automática do comportamento de tentativa e erro em um Sistema Tutor Inteligente baseado em passos. Esse modelo foi treinado com base nos dados obtidos através da observação e análise de vı́deos e dos logs de interação do aluno com o sistema. Após o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de anotação, rotulamos as ações dos alunos com a ocorrência ou não do comportamento de abuso de tentativa e erro. Submetemos o modelo a dados não usados previamente, nos quais o modelo alcançou um Kappa de 0,684.
Giving New Uses to Glucose Meters: Detection of Prostate Cancer

A sandwich genoassay for the detection of PCA3, a nucleic acid biomarker overexpressed in the urine of prostate cancer patients, has been developed by using the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as a tracer of the hybrid generated onto the surface of magnetic particles. ALP converts D-glucose-1-phosphate into D-glucose, which is quantified with a personal glucose meter. The resulting methodology allows the reliable detection of PCA3 at low picomolar levels, thus fostering massive screening of prostate cancer.
Characterization of pore structure of Turkish coals

Pore structure of coal has a great influence on its behavior during mining, preparation, and utilization. Characterization of the pore structure of twelve Turkish coals from different geographic locations and with carbon contents varying between 61 and 84% (on dry ash-free basis) was carried out using different techniques. The volume and area of macropores were determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry. Mesopore volumes and areas were determined by N2 gas adsorption at 77 K using the Barrett−Joyner−Halenda (BJH) method. Brunauer−Emmet−Teller (BET) areas were calculated using the same data. Micropore volumes and areas were determined by the application of the Dubinin−Radushkevich (DR) equation to the CO2 adsorption data at 298 K. True and apparent densities of coals were measured by helium and mercury displacement. Pore size distributions were evaluated using data thus obtained. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique was also employed to determine the surface area of some samples. The highest BET .
Scaffolds––The Ground for Regeneration: A Narrative Review

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study was to comprehensively review the various biomaterials used as scaffolds, rates of biodegradability of natural, artificial and composite hybrid scaffolds, and the role of controlled biodegradability in tissue engineering. Materials and Methods: An electronic search for systematic review was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Cochrane (www.cochrane.org), Scopus (www.scopus.com) databases, and dental journals related to endodontics and pediatric dentistry to identify the research investigations associated with the degradation profiles, factors relating to degradation, rates of biodegradability and the role of controlled biodegradability of natural, artificial and composite scaffolds. A sample of 17 relevant studies and case reports were identified in our search of 100 using simple random sampling. Results: Naturally derived scaffolds degrade at a much higher rate than artificial and composite scaffolds. The degradation profiles of composite scaffolds can be much better controlled than naturally derived scaffolds. Conclusion: Composite scaffolds are more favorable as compared to natural or artificial scaffolds, as it has superior mechanical properties, minimal immune response, and a controlled rate of degradation and consequent tissue regeneration.
An automated hydride generation-cryogenic trapping-ICP-MS system for measuring inorganic and methylated Ge, Sb and As species in marine and fresh waters

In this paper we describe a hydride generation system for measuring the inorganic and methylated species of three metalloids, Ge, Sb and As, in marine and freshwater samples. The system utilises the principles of both flow injection and batch hydride generation and couples it to an automated cryogenic trapping unit with detection by ICP-MS. The Teflon cryogenic trap was packed with 10 cm of SE-30 5% Chromosorb W-HP 80–100 mesh and wound with 1.2 m of resistance wire. A motorised cryofocusing unit was designed and built to lower and raise the hydride trap into and out of a liquid nitrogen dewar and to control the heating of the hydride trap. The compromise conditions for hydride generation and cryogenic trapping of inorganic and methylated species were final solution concentrations of 0.06 M hydrochloric acid, 0.5% w/v sodium tetrahydroborate and 0.5% w/v cysteine. For measurement of AsIII and SbIII cysteine was omitted. Samples were purged and trapped with helium at a flow rate of 80 ml min−1. One run took 8.75 min for a 1 ml sample. Detection limits were 1-5 pM for Ge species, 0.001–0.004 nM for Sb species and 0.002–0.069 nM for As species. The analytical precision for inorganic and methylated species was 2–8% for all but two of the species (TMSb, 20% and DMSb, 11%) at concentrations typically found in the environment. Results for a range of natural waters are presented to illustrate the use of the system.
Improved PULSE: (Photo Upsampling via Latent Space Exploration of Generative Models) Using Anti-spoofing System

Image super-resolution is typically explained as converting a low-resolution (LR) image into a high resolution (HR) output. However, previous approaches could be blurry and unrealistic, especially for regions with many details. This paper took advantage of Latent Space Exploration from PULSE and a facial liveliness detection algorithm to receive a more accurate and rational outcome. (Related code can be found on https://github.com/cisgroupb/PULSE with Anti Spoofing-Detection)
Field Effect Transport Measurements on Single Grains of Sexithiophene: Role of the Contacts

This paper presents a study of the contact properties of field effect transistors (FETs) based on single grains of the organic semiconductor sexithiophene (‘6T’, Egap 2.3 eV). The FETs are constructed by vapor deposition of isolated 6T grains 2-15 nm thick and 1-3 Im wide into <500 nm gaps between Au wires pre-patterned on SiO2/Si substrates. The Au wires serve as source and drain contacts to the grain and the doped Si substrate serves as the gate electrode. We show from the contact area dependence of the drain current-drain voltage characteristics that the FETs are contact limited. Both the source/6T and drain/6T interfaces can be considered to be Schottky contacts and, consequently, the device can be modeled as a pair of back-to-back diodes. Current is limited by the reverse-biased, hole injecting source/6T contact where the mechanism of hole injection from the metal to the semiconductor is best described by a drift/diffusion process with a field-dependent mobility. The contact resistance of the source/6T interface can be as high as 1G ? ,o r10 5 ? -cm normalized for contact width, and is gate and drain voltage dependent. Greater contact resistances result when the Au electrodes are modified with self-assembled monolayers of dodecanethiol or when Cr is used instead of Au, resulting in dramatically inhibited charge transport.
A comprehensive view of trust in education: Conclusions from a systematic literature review

Trust is considered to be a crucial element of social cohesion. At the same time, as research has shown, education can be understood as an important precondition of trust. Furthermore, contextual conditions are important for the development of trust. In spite of this, the role of trust in the multi-level education system has been scarcely investigated. This paper introduces a comprehensive model of trust in the education system, based on a systematic literature review of 183 recent peer-re-viewed articles following a thematic and interpretive review approach. The suggested model consists of four interconnected elements (generalised trust, educational governance, educational settings, educational attainment). By introducing a comprehensive model of trust in multi-level education systems the paper aims at opening up perspectives for future theoretically driven, interdisciplinary comparative research that may shed further light on the role of trust in education systems. The paper proceeds as follows. First, trust is discussed as a complex subject in research, policy and practice in multi-level education systems, and key research questions are derived from this. Second, the methodology of the systematic literature review is explained. Third, results from the literature review are presented, focusing on three domains of trust and their interrelations. Fourth, the comprehensive model of trust in multi-level education systems is introduced. The fifth section discusses the findings and explores how future research could advance a comprehensive understanding of trust in education.
Improved method for end-column amperometric detection for capillary electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with end-column amperometric detection is described. The coulometric efficiency obtained with this method depends strongly on the alignment of the capillary and the electrode. An improved design for end-column detection in CE is also presented. This new design involves etching the detector end of the capillary so that alignment of the capillary bore and the electrode is easily maintained. Optimized end-column detection provides detection limits as low as 11 amol with peak efficiencies of 140 000 theoretical plates for catechol. optimized end-column detection also allows the routine use of 2-μm-i.d. capillaries in CE
Análise Automática de Feedback em Ambientes de Aprendizagem Online

Feedback is a very important component in the teaching-learning process. In distance courses, feedback is one of the most used resources in the interaction between teacher and student. However, due to the significant growth in the number of students taking distance courses, it is difficult for instructors to provide high quality feedback. In this context, this article aims to propose an approach to automatically analyze the feedback provided by teachers in online courses. For that, linguistic resources and machine learning algorithms were used. The results found show a great improvement in accuracy and Kappa when compared to a previous study. Resumo. O feedback é um componente muito importante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Em cursos a distância o feedback é um dos recursos mais utilizados na interação entre professor e aluno. No entanto, devido ao crescimento significativo da quantidade de alunos em cursos a distância, é difı́cil para os instrutores fornecerem um feedback de alta qualidade. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo propor uma abordagem para analisar automaticamente os feedbacks fornecidos por professores em cursos online. Para isso, foram utilizados recursos linguı́sticos e algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquina. Os resultados encontrados mostram uma grande melhoria na acurácia e Kappa quando comparado com um estudo anterior.
Big games in small places: the African Youth Games and organisational capacity in Botswana sport federations

ABSTRACT Research Question With more transition or developing economies hosting major sports events (MSE), it is increasingly relevant to research how they can impact sport organisations’ capacity in such environments. Using the Gaborone 2014 African Youth Games (AYG) as its research setting, the goal of this paper is to investigate how hosting a MSE can impact the perceived organisational capacity of sporting organisations within the context of a developing or transition economy. Research Method Data were gathered through 13 semi-structured interviews. Results are deductively coded and presented according to Hall et al.’s (2003) conceptualisation of organisational capacity. Results and Findings Results show that individuals perceived positive capacity outcomes related to skill development, international relationships and, in some instances, material resources. Conversely, adverse outcomes included lack of opportunities to apply new skills, strained relationships, and unmet financial expectations. Moreover, the findings reveal that the AYG generated similar capacity outcomes as other MSEs, but that the relative impact of those outcomes may differ. Implications The findings re-emphasise the need for hosts to engage in strategic management to maximise positive capacity outcomes. Researchers are encouraged to investigate the impact of MSEs on sport organisations using multiple methods and settings.
Design of a Body-Powered Finger Prosthesis from Medical Images and Kinematic Analysis

With the advancement of technology, many prosthesis were developed to improve the life standard of a person who lost one or more limb. One of the most common limb loss is finger lose. Many finger prosthesis were developed to imitate the functionality of natural human fingers. But most of them are not personalised (does not fit perfectly to the user) and/or not easy to apply. Some finger prosthesis needs surgical operation to apply. The aim of this study is to design and manufacture accessible and sustainable finger prosthesis that is easy to apply and personalised. In this study, hand skeleton structure was modelled from computerized tomography images. Distal and middle phalanx bones were removed to show finger loss. Personalised finger prosthesis that fits perfectly to the user was designed on the hand skeleton structure. By using kinematic analysis, finger prosthesis movement capabilities are determined and general mathematic model was developed to be used in other patients. Before production, newly designed finger prosthesis movement was analysed and model was optimised with the result of the analysis. Finally, the gripping ability of the prosthesis that was produced and its similarity to the natural finger mechanical structure were confirmed by experiments and measurements.
The Role of Fluorine Termination in the Chemical Stability of HF-Treated Si Surfaces

The principal role of silicon-fluorine bonds in the chemical nature of HF-etched Si surfaces has been investigated by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The native oxide growth thickness and the fluorine coverage have been systematically measured as functions of HF concentration, pure water rinse time, air or N2+O2 gas exposure time and gas phase H2O concentration. It is shown that the native oxide growth is strongly suppressed by the existence of Si-F bonds of about 0.12 monolayers on the surface. This is explained by a model in which Si-F bonds chemically stabilize the surface reactive sites such as atomic steps as supported by the result of the layer-by-layer oxidation of Si.
The roles of free carbon over ZnO in enhancing the photocatalytic properties for removal of Cr(VI)

Abstract Core-shell structured ZnO@C composites had been successfully fabricated by self-assembled, in which the thickness of carbon layer on the ZnO surface can be precisely controlled. The effects of carbon layer thickness and calcination temperature on photocatalytic removal of Cr(VI) were investigated in detail. The experimental results revealed that a larger carbon layer thickness could only improve the adsorption capacity of the catalyst, but not the photocatalytic reduction ability of the catalyst. A higher calcination temperature could increase the number and content of carbon layer defects, thereby improving the photocatalytic efficiency of the catalyst. The catalyst with around 7 nm thickness of carbon layer and calcined 2 hours at 600 °C exhibited the best photocatalytic activity for Cr(VI) reduction, which is more than four times than that of pure ZnO. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
X-ray Properties of 3C 111: Separation of Primary Nuclear Emission and Jet Continuum

3C111 is BLRG with signatures of both FSRQ and Sy1 in X-ray spectrum. The significant X-ray observational dataset was collected for it by INTEGRAL, XMM-Newton, SWIFT, Suzaku and others. The overall X-ray spectrum of 3C 111 shows signs of a peculiarity with the large value of the high-energy cut-off typical rather for RQ AGN, probably due to the jet contamination. Separating the jet counterpart in the X-ray spectrum of 3C 111 from the primary nuclear counterpart can answer the question is this nucleus truly peculiar or this is a fake “peculiarity” due to a significant jet contribution. In view of this question, our aim is to estimate separately the accretion disk/corona and non-thermal jet emission in the 3C 111 X-ray spectra within different observational periods. To separate the disk/corona and jet contributions in total continuum, we use the idea that radio and X-ray spectra of jet emission can be described by a simple power-law model with the same photon index. This additional information allows us to derive rather accurate values of these contributions. In order to test these results, we also consider relations between the nuclear continuum and the line emission.