Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-07-1-0160 TITLE: ATF4, A Novel Mediator of the Anabolic Actions of PTH on Bone PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:

s: A1. Zhang X, Yu S, Galson DL, Luo M, Fan J, Zhang J, Guan G, Xiao G. Role of ATF4 in osteoblast proliferation and survival, J. Bone Min. Res, 2008, M079. A2. Xiao, G. Critical role of activating transcription factor 4 in parathyroid hormone-mediated bone formation, MHRF09
Measuring the effect of disclosure quality of integrated business reporting on the predictive power of accounting information and firm value

Article history: Received: October 3, 2019 Received in revised format: November 12 2019 Accepted: November 15, 2019 Available online: November 16, 2019 This paper measures the effect of disclosure quality of integrated business reports on the predictive power of accounting information and firms’ value in the Egyptian Stock Market. In order to achieve the research objectives, the research relies on content analysis approach in examining the annual reports of the companies listed in the Egyptian Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2018. The study depends on measuring the independent variable i.e. disclosure quality of the integrated business reports on building up a disclosure index consisting of 45 items in 8 groups equally weighted, whereas; dependent variables which represents the predictive power of accounting information measured by adopting three different methodologies; namely Accounting Conservatism, Share Prices, and Discretionary Accruals. Concerning to firm value, the study uses Tobin’s Q model to measure the relationship between the quality disclosure of the integrated business reports and the firm value. The results indicate that the quality disclosure of integrated business report leads to increase accounting conservatism and share prices, whereas the statistics analysis reports a negative effect towards discretionary accruals indicating that the quality disclosure of integrated business report leads to decrease in discretionary accruals. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
The effects of compassion experienced by SME employees on affective commitment: Double-mediation of authenticity and positive emotion

Article history: Received: September 25, 2019 Received in revised format: November 19 2019 Accepted: November 19, 2019 Available online: November 19, 2019 The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effects of compassion experienced by smallto-medium enterprise (SME) employees on affective commitment through authenticity and positive emotion. This study was conducted with 200 employees working at SMEs located in South Korea. The results show that the relationships between compassion and authenticity, between authenticity and positive emotion, between positive emotion and affective commitment, and between compassion and affective commitment were significant. In addition, the relationship between compassion and affective commitment was significantly double-mediated by authenticity and positive emotion. The results provide a meaningful implication that SME employees would build authenticity and positive emotions by experiencing compassion and that those who build authenticity and positive emotions would enhance their affective commitment. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Changes in Litigation Risk: An Analysis of Post-Sarbanes Oxley Audit Portfolios

The possibility of litigation is one of the many serious risks facing independent audit firms, both in the U.S. and internationally. The objective of this study is to examine the relative litigation risk of audit client portfolios of U.S. audit clients and to determine if the largest audit firms, known as the Big 4, have reduced that risk since the passage of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SarbOx 2002). The audit client portfolios of the two largest non-Big 4 audit firms also are examined to determine if their audit client portfolios display a change in litigation risk, reflecting either movement of riskier clients from the large firms to the smaller firms or a change in the level of risk acceptable to those smaller firms. This question is important since, as was the case over a decade ago, independent auditors again are seeking regulatory relief to limit court damages that investors and others can seek for flawed audits of public companies. Their argument is being championed by an influential group recently formed to study the competitiveness of U.S. financial markets with the encouragement of Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. The group is expected to recommend that the government enact new protections for auditors. A panel set up within the U.S. Chamber of Commerce is sounding a similar theme (U.S. Chamber of Commerce 2006). In Europe, the European
Impacts of a highway on the population genetic structure of a threatened freshwater turtle (Glyptemys insculpta)

—Genetic partitions for members of the family Emydidae often correspond with both natural and anthropogenic landforms. For semi-terrestrial turtles, clear negative impacts are associated with habitat fragmentation via roadways, such as loss of breeding individuals, increased inbreeding, and decreased migration. The Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) is a Species of Special Concern in New York and native to the central portion of the state, where Interstate Highway 88 was constructed in the 1970s. To examine possible impacts of the highway on local populations, a museum collection of Wood Turtles that predates road construction was used. Specifically, microsatellite markers were used to compare historic (n = 38) and contemporary (n = 26) Wood Turtle DNA from opposite sides of the highway. The measured parameters were inbreeding (Fis), differentiation (Fst), number of breeding individuals (Ne), migration (m), and overall population genetic structure. The populations on either side of the highway were predicted to have become more differentiated and inbred over time, and migration was predicted to decrease over time. Overall, populations on either side of the interstate were historically a single population, had a greater number of breeding individuals, and were less differentiated. No change in inbreeding was found across time. These findings suggest there is more migration, running north to south between the two populations, likely attributable to the directionality of the flow associated with local creeks. Further research examining these two separate populations within the context of the entire state is necessary to determine whether they should be treated as separate Conservation Units.
A New Model for Money Demand in Denmark: Money Demand in a Negative Interest Rate Environment

Within a cointegrated VAR framework I show that the traditional money-demand relation, determined by a transaction effect and the opportunity cost of holding money, can no longer explain the recent development of monetary aggregates in Denmark. Instead, I argue that the introduction of housing wealth and the role of precautionary demand for liquidity improves both the explanatory power of money demand and stability of the long-run estimates. Identification of the long-run structure still suggests homogeneity between money and GDP together with a positive effect from the opportunity cost. Housing wealth enters the money-demand equation positively which is consistent with previous findings for the euro area and the US. To verify the implications of negative interest rates, I perform several forward-recursive tests and rolling-window estimations. In general, these tests confirm that the estimated moneydemand relation behaves stably over time, reflecting that the negative interest rate environment has not contributed to any permanent effect on the determination of money demand. Instead, the analysis suggests that the introduction of negative policy rates has presumably provoked a temporary shock to the coefficient on the opportunity cost. Resume I en kointegreret VAR model viser jeg, at den traditionelle pengeefterspørgselsrelation, henholdsvis bestemt af en transaktionseffekt og alternativomkostningen ved at holde penge, ikke længere kan forklare udviklingen i pengemængden i Danmark. I stedet viser jeg, at introduktionen af boligformue og et forsigtighedsmotiv forbedrer forklaringsgraden og stabiliteten af pengeefterspørgselsrelationen. Identifikation af den langsigtede struktur indebærer stadig homogenitet mellem penge og BNP sammen med en positiv effekt fra alternativomkostningen. Boligformuen påvirker pengefterspørgslen positivt, hvilket er konsistent med lignende studier fra euroområdet og USA. For at verificere implikationerne af negative pengepolitiske renter, udfører jeg adskillige rekursive test. Disse test bekræfter generelt, at den estimerede pengeefterspørgselsfunktion opfører sig stabilt over tid, hvilket afspejler at det negative rentemiljø ikke har bidraget med nogen permanent effekt på bestemmelsen af pengeefterspørgslen. I stedet viser analysen dog, at indførelsen af negative renter formentlig har fremkaldt et midlertidigt stød til estimatet af alternativomkostningen. A New Model for Money Demand in Denmark: Money Demand in a Negative Interest Rate Environment Acknowledgements I would like to thank Morten Spange, Søren Lejsgaard Autrup, Kim Abildgren and Jesper Pedersen for useful comments and suggestions. The author alone is responsible for any remaining errors.
POST-COLUMN LITHIUM ADDITION

Biodegradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates and dodecyl ethoxylates (C9H19-C6H4-(OCH2CH2)n-OH and C12H25-(OCH2CH2)n-OH respectively) in river water in a static die-away test was performed. By using high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI/MS), surfactants containing 2-4 ethoxylene units were detected as biodegradation products. Post-column addition of a number of metal cation was tested in order to improve the sensitivity of HPLC-ESI/MS analysis. Among the metal cations taken into account, the use of a lithium cation gave the best results provided that the cone voltage was increased to 40-50 V.
Voltage Regulation of Smart Grids using Machine Learning Tools

With advent of renewable energies into the power systems, innovative and automatic monitoring and control techniques are required. More specifically, voltage regulation for distribution grids with solar generation is a can be a challenging task. Moreover, due to frequency and intensity of the voltage changes, traditional utility-owned voltage regulation equipment are not useful in long term. On the other hand, smart inverters installed with solar panels can be used for regulating the voltage. Smart inverters can be programmed to inject or absorb reactive power which directly influences the voltage. Utility can monitor, control and sync the inverters across the grid to maintain the voltage within the desired limits. Machine learning and optimization techniques can be applied for automation of voltage regulation in smart grids using the smart inverters installed with solar panels. In this work, voltage regulation is addressed by reactive power control.
Mapping the surface phase diagram of GaAs(001) using droplet epitaxy

We combine droplet epitaxy with low-energy electron microscopy imaging techniques to map the surface phase diagram of GaAs(001). The phase patterns produced in droplet epitaxy are interpreted using a simple model which links the spatial coordinates of phase boundaries to the free energy. It is thereby possible to gain important information on surface phase stability, based on the observed sequential order of the phases away from the droplet edge. This can be used to augment existing T=0K phase diagrams generated by density-functional theory calculations. We establish the existence of a (3×6) phase, and confirm that the controversial (6×6) phase is thermodynamically stable over a narrow range of chemical potential.
INFRASTRUKTURA I EKOLOGIA TERENÓW WIEJSKICH INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOLOGY OF RURAL AREAS

The research described in this article was conducted in the Tatra National Park in Poland, which is considered as one of the most-visited national parks in Europe. The exceptional popularity of this place is responsible for intensification of morphogenetic processes, resulting in the development of numerous forms of erosion. This article presents the outcomes of the research whose purpose was to verify the usability of unmanned aerial vehicles to check the condition of hiking trails and forests in alpine areas. An octocopter equipped with a non-metric camera was used for measurements. The paper sketches the methodology of data acquisition in harsh conditions and demanding locations of hiking trails on steep Tatra slopes. The paper also describes stages that lead to elaboration of basic photogrammetric products relying on SfM (Structure from Motion) technique. Finally, it shows the applicability of the prepared products to the evaluation of erosion along hiking trails, and to the study of plant succession or tree stand condition in the area located next to hiking trails.
Rural Households’ Demand for Frankincense Forest Conservation in Tigray: A Continent Valuation Analysis

Frankincense from Boswellia papyrifera forest (BPF) is a traded commodity used in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and chemical industries. Ethiopia is an important producer of frankincense, but the resource is under continuous degradation and requires conservation. We applied a contingent valuation to assess rural households’ willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to contribute labor (WTCL) for BPF conservation. Next to the bid, WTP is influenced most by income, education, and WTCL by family labor and gender of the household head. A household is willing to pay at least US$ 4.86 or contribute 7.17 labor days per year, which amounts to US$ 6.64 at per capita daily income. This suggests using per capita daily income rather than market wage rates could result in convergence in response asymmetry of labor and cash payment vehicles. The potential local demand for conservation of BPF could be mobilized effectively with complementary policy interventions aimed at sustainable use and poverty reduction.
Placement and Assignment of Servers in Virtualized Radio Access Networks

The virtualization of Radio Access Networks (RANs) has been proposed as one of the important use cases of Network Function Virtualization (NFV). In Virtualized Radio Access Networks (VRANs), some functions from a Base Station (BS), such as those which make up the Base Band Unit (BBU), may be implemented in a shared infrastructure located at either a data center or distributed in network nodes. For the latter option, one challenge is in deciding which subset of the available network nodes can be used to host the physical BBU servers (the placement problem), and then to which of the available physical BBUs each Remote Radio Head (RRH) should be assigned (the assignment problem). These two problems constitute what we refer to as the VRAN Placement and Assignment Problem (VRAN-PAP). In this paper, we start by formally defining the VRAN-PAP before formulating it as a Binary Integer Linear Program (BILP) whose objective is to minimize the server and front haul link setup costs as well as the latency between each RRH and its assigned BBU. Since the BILP could become computationally intractable, we also propose a greedy approximation for larger instances of the VRAN-PAP. We perform simulations to compare both algorithms in terms of solution quality as well as computation time under varying network sizes and setup budgets. Keywords—network function virtualization, server placement, resource assignment, virtualized radio access networks.
Understanding the Role of Social Media in the Assessment of Retailer-Hosted Consumer Reviews

Consumer reviews on retailer-hosted platforms present an internal source of information for customers before considering the purchase of a product. While related literature has established a strong link between review ratings and retailer sales, research that integrates external sources is still in its infancy. This is particularly true for the role of social media, in which user actions can induce other users to behave in a similar way. This paper thus examines the role of social media in the assessment of product reviews on retailer-hosted platforms. We find that a higher deviation of a review rating from a product’s social media popularity has a positive effect on the perceived helpfulness of the review. Moreover, we see that negative reviews are more likely to receive a helpful vote if the product enjoys substantial popularity on social media, whereas we observe the opposite effect for products with low popularity.
Sub and super-critical GMC for the the Riemann-Liouville process as H → 0, and skew flattening/blow up for the Rough Bergomi model

Following [NR18], we consider a re-scaled Riemann-Liouville (RL) process Z t = ∫ t 0 (t − s)H− 1 2 dWs, and using Lévy’s continuity theorem for random fields we show that Z tends weakly to an almost log-correlated Gaussian field as H → 0, which lives in the fractional Sobolev space H− 1 2 −ε for any ε > 0. As a corollary, we show that ξ γ (dt) = e γZ t − 1 2 γVar(Z t dt tends to a Gaussian multiplicative chaos (GMC) random measure ξγ for γ ∈ (0, 1) as H → 0. We later consider the full sub-critical phase γ ∈ [0, √ 2) using Strassen’s theorem and the Shamov[Sha16] approximation theorem, and the super-critical phase γ > √ 2, using an additional independent stable subordinator as in [BJRV14] to construct an atomic GMC with the correct (locally) multifractal exponent ζ(q). For the sub-critical regime, ξγ is non-atomic and locally multifractal away from zero. As a financial application of these results, we use Jacod’s stable convergence theorem to prove the surprising result that the martingale component Xt of the log stock price for the popular Rough Bergomi stochastic volatility model (with zero or non-zero correlation) tends stably to Bξγ([0,t]) as H → 0 where B is a Brownian motion independent of everything else, which means the implied volatility smile for the model with ρ ≤ 0 is symmetric in the H → 0 limit. We also derive a closed-form expression for the conditional third moment E((Xt+h − Xt)|Ft) (for H > 0) given a finite history, and E(X T ) tends to zero (or blows up) exponentially fast as H → 0 depending on whether γ is less than or greater than a critical γ ≈ 1.61711. We describe how to use this equation to calibrate a time-dependent correlation function ρ(t) to the observed skew term structure (ρ(t) satisfies an Abel integral equation for which we establish existence and uniqueness). Finally we also briefly discuss the pros and cons of a H = 0 model with non-zero skew for which Xt/ √ t tends weakly to a non-Gaussian random variable X1 with non-zero skewness as t → 0. 1
Theoretical analysis of interference between directional beams in drone-based 3D mesh network

: This paper proposes a route optimization scheme for three-dimensional wireless mesh networks implemented by using formation flying of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones. Inter-drone communication above the ground can achieve free space propagation as obstacles are eliminated. However, transmission efficiency can be degraded due to sneak path interference inside the drone [1]. In this paper, based on formation flight related work [2] suitable for drone communications, we theoretically analyze this interference by directional beams and propose an optimal route selection scheme with high transmission rate.
PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC BANKING EFFECTS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

The purpose of this study was to describe the current state of Electronic banking in Kenya commercial banks and to discuss implications for electronic banking profitability and risk. Particularly the study sought to examine the impact of electronic banking on banks, how internet is growing rapidly and how it has taken financial sector by storm how banks have provided customers with financial services over the internet, and how competitive pressure has led to bank to offer electronic banking. The study sought to determine analysis of the perceived influence of electronic banking effects on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to analyze the effect of efficiency and accessibility of electronic banking on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The literature review for the study variables was guided by the innovation diffusion theory and the Technology acceptance model. The study target population was all the 42 registered. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS and STATA statistical software. Descriptive statistics, diagnostic tests and tests of hypothesis were done. Data was presented using tables and charts. Study findings indicated that when used in isolation; e-banking efficiency and accessibility had a significant positive effect on financial performance. The finding further indicated that e-banking efficiency had the strongest effect on banks performance. The study findings pointed that the two variables had strong positive effect on financial performance. Based on the findings the study concluded that adoption of e-banking enhances efficiency and accessibility of services offered by commercial banks in Kenya. Therefore the study recommends that commercial banks in Kenya should considers enhancing technology and innovation in their systems through e-banking adoption to ensure efficiency of service to customers. The study further recommends that managers in the banks to adopt e-banking so can access their services more easily and at their convenient time.
What are the impacts of the home buyer's tax credit on housing and the economy?

Homeowners lost close to $7 trillion in housing equity from the peak of the housing market in 2006 to the end of 2009. This recent downturn in the U.S. housing market helped create the worst downturn in the U.S. economy since the great depression. To help stabilize the housing market and the U.S. economy, Congress and the President passed The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA of 2008), which provided a new refundable tax credit for first-time homebuyers of a principal residence of $7,500 in the United States. In 2009, this tax credit was increased to $8,000 and extended to non first-time homebuyers who could claim a credit of up to $6,500. While this tax credit may have been helpful in stimulating the demand for homes, there was a significant fall in housing demand as soon as it ended. Thus, it is unclear if the tax credit may have just altered the timing of when someone decided to buy a home, or the decision whether to buy a home. This paper examines the impacts of the tax credit on housing and its impact on the overall economy measured as GDP. Specifically, a Cusum Squares test is employed to determine whether the housing tax credit created a structural break in the price of housing, quantity of housing, income and GDP.
Meta-Analysis Planning Related to Geriatric Health: Case Report

Meta-analysis provides new insights to help reveal the effect size of studies and to develop new socia l policies. Meta-analysis is frequently used to solve problems related to geriatric health. This research is often used when multiple and conflicting results of a problem are o btained from literature. Especially the meta-analys es that assess the effectiveness of the implemented initiat ves increase the quality of care in elderly and co ntribute to the development of social policies. Meta-analysis, which is a part of systematic review, contains a nu mber of difficulties for many researchers regarding plannin g a d prediction. Since meta-analysis planning requ i s a dedicated effort, expertise and technique, there ar e v ious challenges that impede the progress of th is process. This article examines the situations that are and m ay be encountered when a meta-analysis study is pla nned especially in the field of geriatric health. Furthe rmore, suggestions are made to assist meta-analysts in thi process.