Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New broadband driver for switchmode RF power wideband amplifiers

This article shows a new wideband driver for switchmode RF power wideband amplifiers based on the voltage waveforms generated across nonnominal wideband Class‐E amplifier's switch. Their key features are high efficiency, wideband operation, and only positive driving voltage generation. Harmonic balance simulations and measurements on a prototype (B = 40%, POUT = 50 W at 7.5 MHz, ηOV > 90%) show its effectiveness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 985–988, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23258
Cryogenic Performance of a New 72 MHz Quarter-Wave Resonator Cryomodule

The Argonne National Laboratory ATLAS accelerator’s Intensity and Efficiency Upgrade project has been successfully finished [1]. This upgrade substantially increases beam currents for experimenters working with the existing stable and in-flight rare isotope beams and for the neutron rich beams from the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade. A major portion of this project involved the replacement of three existing cryomodules, containing 18 superconducting (SC) accelerator cavities and 9 SC solenoids, with a single cryomodule containing 7 SC 72.75 MHz accelerator cavities optimized for ion velocities of 7.7% the speed of light and 4 SC solenoids all operating at 4.5 K. This paper reports the measured thermal load to the 4 K and 80 K coolant streams and compares these results to the pre-upgrade cryogenic system.
Analysis of Lower-Limb Motion during Walking on Various Types of Terrain in Daily Life

Objective:This research analyzed the lower-limb motion in kinetic and kinematic way while walking on various terrains to develop Foot-Ground Contact Detection (FGCD) algorithm using the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Background: To estimate the location of human in GPS-denied environments, it is well known that the lower-limb kinematics based on IMU sensors, and pressure insoles are very useful. IMU is mainly used to solve the lower-limb kinematics, and pressure insole are mainly used to detect the foot-ground contacts in stance phase. However, the use of multiple sensors are not desirable in most cases. Therefore, only IMU based FGCD can be an efficient method. Method: Orientation and acceleration of lower-limb of 10 participants were measured using IMU while walking on flat ground, ascending and descending slope and stairs. And the inertial information showing significant changes at the Heel strike (HS), Full contact (FC), Heel off (HO) and Toe off (TO) was analyzed. Results: The results confirm that pitch angle, rate of pitch angle of foot and shank, and acceleration in x, z directions of the foot are useful in detecting the four different contacts in five different walking terrain. Conclusion: IMU based FGCD Algorithm considering all walking terrain possible in daily life was successfully developed based on all IMU output signals showing significant changes at the four steps of stance phase. Application: The information of the contact between foot and ground can be used for solving lower-limb kinematics to estimating an individual"s location and walking speed.
Quadrotor Control in the Presence of Unknown Mass Properties

Quadrotor UAVs are popular due to their mechanical simplicity, as well as their capability to hover and vertically take-off and land. As applications diversify, quadrotors are increasingly required to operate under unknown mass properties, for example as a multirole sensor platform or for package delivery operations. The work presented here consists of the derivation of a generalized quadrotor dynamic model without the typical simplifying assumptions on the first and second moments of mass. The maximum payload capacity of a quadrotor in hover, and the observability of the unknown mass properties are discussed. A brief introduction of L1 adaptive control is provided, and three different L1 adaptive controllers were designed for the Parrot AR.Drone quadrotor. Their tracking and disturbance rejection performance was compared to the baseline nonlinear controller in experiments. Finally, the results of the combination of L1 adaptive control with iterative learning control are presented, showing high performance trajectory tracking under uncertainty. %%%%M.A.S.
Mixed tenure housing developments: Salt and pepper versus silo design

Purpose - In the context of housing, mixed tenure attempts to bring together social groups in urban neighbourhoods to create a vibrant dynamic sustainable community. This paper focuses on residential development design in the context of housing tenure where owner-occupier (or owner-investor) and social housing have the same locality. Specifically it asks: should different housing tenures be combined in a residential developed (salt and pepper design) or in close vicinity in separated structures (silo design)? Design/methodology/approach - This paper examines various factors to be considered with regards to the different mixed tenure designs. The research presents interviews with fourteen leading Melbourne property professionals (developers, consultants and financiers) to identify the different development design and tenure challenges. The semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and coded through NVivo software to provide a platform to evaluate, interpret and explain the qualitative analysis. Findings - The inclusion of mixed tenure accommodation in a property development provided different responses across the various stakeholders; where property managers embraced the Salt and Pepper concept, property developers and financiers were more reserved and focussed on the impact of disclosure and associated pricing issues. Many stakeholders highlighted that a Silo design provide a better solution for maintaining a building and controlling costs. Originality/value - In developing this research area, information from leading property professionals can provide valuable information for policy decision making purposes. There is limited discussion within the Australian context which explores the two mixed tenure housing approaches and what the challenges and benefits are from the perspective of current building industry stakeholders.
Experience applying the CoRE method to the Lockheed C-130J software requirements

For safety-critical systems, regulatory and human concerns make assurance of requirements correctness a necessity. Most popular requirements methods rely heavily on expensive after-the-fact verification, validation and correction activities to attain a desired level of correctness. In cooperation with its industrial partners, the Software Productivity Consortium (the Consortium) has developed a rigorous requirements engineering method called CoRE ("Consortium Requirements Engineering"), building upon proven formal and object-oriented methods. As part of Continuous Process Improvement (CPI), Lockheed Aeronautical Systems Company (LASC) has incorporated CoRE into its C-130J aircraft program, to develop avionics system requirements. C-130J is a safety critical application. The results have verified the method's practicality and effectiveness at "building in" correctness during requirements analysis. They have further demonstrated that the benefits of a rigorous approach can be had without adversely affecting cost or schedule. <<ETX>>
Modeling the Aerobic Metabolism of Polyphosphate‐Accumulating Organisms Enriched with Propionate as a Carbon Source

In enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) systems, polyphosphate‐accumulating organisms (PAOs) are primarily responsible for removing phosphate from wastewater. Propionate is an abundant carbon substrate in many EBPR plants and has been suggested to provide PAOs an advantage over their carbon competitors—the glycogen‐accumulating organisms (GAOs). The aerobic metabolism of PAOs enriched with a propionate carbon source is studied in this paper. A metabolic model is proposed and experimentally validated to characterize the aerobic biochemical transformations by PAOs. The model predicts very well the experimental data obtained from the enriched PAO culture through solid‐, liquid‐, and gas‐phase analyses. This model may be combined with previously formulated metabolic models to better describe the biochemical activity of PAOs with acetate and propionate as the primary carbon sources. Furthermore, it can also facilitate the study of the effect of different carbon sources on PAO–GAO competition.
A model for spatial planning of site and building using BIM methodology

AbstractIn this day and age, as information technology develops at an intense pace, the construction sector cannot afford to fall behind. The term “building information modelling”, or BIM, is now used increasingly more frequently. BIM covers the entire life span of a building – from planning to demolition. However, it should not be forgotten, that with-out a site, there can be no building. Territorial planning documents establish certain requirements for both the site itself and the buildings to be built within its boundaries. At present, territorial planning and building design are, for the most part, carried out as separate processes. In order to develop a more rational and effective process for the execution of a construction project, more attention should be paid to the stage of initial site and building planning (spatial planning). The requirements established by territorial planning documents must be taken into account at the initial site and building planning stage. A spatial planning model for bui.
Controlled switching of high voltage IGBTs in series

This paper is focused on the investigation of performance and improvement of the switching control of high voltage IGBTs especially when connected in series. A variety of seriesing methods are explored and valuated. Due to the dominant advantages the Active Voltage Control (AVC) strategy is characterized, analyzed and optimised in simulation and experiments. A new method Active Voltage/Current Control (AV/CC) is advanced and validated for di/dt control. It is concluded that the AVC, particularly with the di/dt auxiliary loop control, allows the operation of high power IGBTs in series to be closely defined and well controlled.
AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR COMPOSITE STEEL PLATE WALL

A new-type of composite steel plate wall (CSPW), which consists of a steel plate sandwiched by two prefabricated concrete panels, has been recently studied. The concrete panels act only as a buckling restrainer for the steel plate by leaving a small gap between the edges of the panels and the boundary columns or beams. Thus seismic forces were resisted only by the steel plate. In this way, both cracking of a common composite wall and buckling of a common steel plate wall have been essentially avoided, ensuring excellent performance of the CSPW under seismic action. An analytical model for the CSPW – Cross-Strip Model was proposed based upon the mechanism and failure mode of CSPW. The cross sectional properties and hysteretic model for the cross strips in the model were determined with theoretical analysis. Comparison with experimental results showed that the proposed model was able to capture accurately nonlinear behavior of CSPW under monotonic and cyclic loading.
Fabrication of Multiferroic Tunnel Junctions on (111)-oriented SrTiO3

The phenomenon of quantum mechanical electron tunneling is widely used in device technology, of which magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) have been important for many years and ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJ) are becoming increasingly important. MTJs consist of two ferromagnetic electrodes separated by a thin insulating barrier material while FTJs have a thin ferroelectric insulator separating two metallic electrodes. The probability for tunneling through these junctions depend on the relative orientation of the magnetic electrodes in MTJs, or the direction of polarization relative to the tunneling electrons in FTJs. Two stable states are usually obtained in each type of junction, which gives rise to different electrical resistance for the two states. These effects are known as the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in MTJs and tunnel electroresistance (TER) in FTJs. MTJs and FTJs are subject to large research efforts, particularly for use in memory applications. Furthermore, the two concepts may be joined in the same device with ferromagnetic electrodes separated by a thin ferroelectric barrier. These junctions are sometimes referred to as artificial multiferroic tunnel junctions (MFTJ), because they represent a device which has multiple ferroic orders, but where none of the constituent materials are more than singly ferroic. An increasing amount of research is devoted to MFTJs, as they are promising for memory applications where the two degrees of freedom can utilize both TMR and TER at the same time in the same memory cell. Effectively, this can give four distinct electrical resistance states, which can be used to hold two bits of information. Moreover, a third possibility opens by considering non-nollinear magnetic alignments of the magnetic electrodes, which may give rise to additional resistance states and another information bit. Consequently, a substantial increase of memory density can be achieved if the memory cell size is kept equal to former technologies. Here, two model systems for MFTJs on (111)-oriented SrTiO3 (STO) substrates are designed and fabricated for the study of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic coexistence. Epitaxial structures of ferromagnetic, half-metallic La0.7Sr0. 3MnO3 (LSMO) followed by ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO), grown on (111)-oriented STO substrates, are utilized as bottom electrode and insulating barrier materials, respectively. Sputter deposited Ni0.81Fe0. 19 (permalloy) and epitaxial LSMO with a sputtered Pt capping and contacting layer, are used as ferromagnetic top electrodes for asymmetric permalloy MFTJs and all-oxide epitaxial MFTJs, respectively. The fabrication is done by electron beam lithography (EBL) and overlay exposure to define precise micron scale MFTJs. Room temperature wedge-wedge bonding with gold and aluminium wire to either Au or Al bond pads are reported with highly reproducible results. Evidence for TMR with multiple resistance states between the totally parallel and antiparallel magnetic alignments as well as TER with resistive switching are presented. The TMR results indicate intermediate magnetic alignments which
Flight dynamics and control modelling of damaged asymmetric aircraft

This research investigates the use of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller to assist commercial Boeing 747-200 aircraft regains its stability in the event of damage. Damages cause an aircraft to become asymmetric and in the case of damage to a fraction (33%) of its left wing or complete loss of its vertical stabilizer, the loss of stability may lead to a fatal crash. In this study, aircraft models for the two damage scenarios previously mentioned are constructed using stability derivatives. LQR controller is used as a direct adaptive control design technique for the observable and controllable system. Dynamic stability analysis is conducted in the time domain for all systems in this study.
Security Threats on Mobile Devices and their Effects: Estimations for the Future

Portable devices are today used in all areas of life thanks to their ease of use as well as their applications with unique features. The increase in the number of users, however, also leads to an increase in security threats. This study examines the threats to mobile operating systems. Addressing the four mobile operating systems (Android, Apple OS (iOS), Symbian and Java ME) with the highest number of users, the study provides statistical information about the features of the corresponding operating systems and their areas of use. In the study, the most important threats faced by the mobile operating systems (Malware, Vulnerabilities, Attacks) and the risks posed by these threats were analyzed in chronological order and the future-oriented security perspective was suggested.
Strong ULVZ and Slab Interaction at the Northeastern Edge of the Pacific LLSVP Favors Plume Generation

Strong waveform complexities, including multipathing of the S diffracted phase and rapid changes in differential ScS‐S times, are observed for multiple deep Fiji earthquakes recorded at the USArray. The complexities occur at the northeastern edge of the Pacific Large Low Shear Velocity Province (LLSVP), about 12 degrees southeast of present‐day Hawaiʻi. Waveform modeling of the multipathing provides good constraints on an ultra‐low velocity zone (ULVZ) with a width of 5 degree located near the inner edge of the LLSVP. Based on the mineralogical‐modeling of the ULVZ as a solid iron‐rich magnesiowüstite‐bearing assemblage with compatible morphology predicted from geodynamical simulations, a ULVZ model with a thickness of 30 km and a shear wave velocity reduction of 18% is preferred. The rapid change in differential ScS‐S travel time is best explained by having both the aforementioned ULVZ and an adjacent high velocity structure near the LLSVP. Furthermore, a low‐velocity plume‐like structure could potentially explain the observed S travel time delay independent of ScS. These seismic features are proposed to be a ULVZ driven toward the edge of the LLSVP while potentially pushed by a subducted slab. This configuration may trigger plume generation due to strong thermal instabilities and is in the same vicinity where mantle flow models place the present‐day Hawaiian plume source. Multiple ScS can potentially be used to verify vertical plume structure in tomographic models but the accuracy of upper mantle structure, which is a key reflection point, needs to be considered.
Costing-based coordination between mt-iPSS customer and providers for job shop production using game theory

The industrial product-service system for Computer Numerical Control machine tool (mt-iPSS) has drawn much interest. Under the new paradigm of functional result-oriented mt-iPSS, mt-iPSS customer (i.e. owner of the workshop) pays for time or results of mt-iPSS providers. The present problem for mt-iPSS customer is how to timely identify the optimal machine tools, sequence and cutting parameters of operation to finish the jobs while mt-iPSS providers try to maximise their benefit in a non-cooperative game structure. In this paper, a Stackelberg game model is put forward to solve the coordination problem based on the costing of different job shop scheduling solutions under the result-oriented mt-iPSS paradigm. Then, to solve the established bi-level programming model of the Stackelberg game, a solution procedure based on hierarchical particle swarm optimisation is proposed. Finally, a case from a printing machinery enterprise is analysed to validate the proposed model. This research is expected to improve the quality and effectiveness of coordination for scheduling and process planning decision between mt-iPSS customer and multi-providers.
Conceptualizing the Physical Internet: Literature Review, Implications and Directions for Future Research

The Physical Internet (PI) is a holistic Supply Chain Management (SCM) concept that merges many relevant areas of current SCM research, including sustainability, effectiveness and efficiency of global value chains, information flows, as well as horizontal and vertical collaboration. Given the increasing attention the PI is receiving from academics and practitioners — evidenced by a steadily growing number of publications, dedicated conferences and substantial funding opportunities — it is important to clearly define the domain, summarize current research and provide directions for future research. In this paper, we therefore present the state-of-the-art of the PI and highlight important research opportunities. The PI covers many different aspects of SCM, which can be seen as either a weakness or a strength of this concept. We believe that the latter is more pronounced and that valuable synergies can be achieved if SCM researchers keep the ‘big picture’ in mind, which in this case is the optimization of the total supply chain, including all participating companies, third parties and externalities. We conduct a systematic literature review and work out the most important components, performance indicators, goals, opportunities and challenges of the PI, which supports future incremental and rigorous research. We also provide several important directions for future research.
Nanosatellite electrical power system architectures: Models, simulations, and tests

This paper presents four of the most employed nanosatellite's Electrical Power System (EPS) architectures, comparing their efficiency through simulations and experiments. Every circuit architecture has been mathematically modeled in order to discuss the solar panel control technique and the overall architecture efficiency. Solar panels and EPS components have been analytically modeled and tested in order to comprehend their impact on the EPS efficiency. A test stand has been proposed to evaluate the circuits, emulating the solar irradiance and the nanosatellite power consumption. The following electrical power systems have been designed, implemented, and tested: the directly coupled architecture, the very low dropout (VLDO) voltage regulator architecture, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with an integrated circuit, and the MPPT architecture with a discrete boost regulator. A case study has been presented, testing all the EPS architectures according to the Floripa‐Sat I (1U CubeSat) power consumption profile. Experiments results have shown that, although the MPPT boost regulator architecture harvest more energy, it is the VLDO architecture that presents the best overall efficiency.
Du kan aldri vite kva morgondagen bringer: Zambiske barn sine tankar om eiga framtid

Within the research project “” You never know what is going to happen tomorrow”. Zambian children’s thoughts about their own future” I have examined what Zambian children thinks about their future family, education and general predictions of the future. The question of research is this: What does Zambian boys and girls say about their own future, and how can the statements reflect the society they live in? I have interviewed two boys and three girls in semi-structured group interviews, and followed up with individual interviews with one girl and one boy. In addition to this all five of them were asked to draw how they picture themselves in their surroundings in the future. The information I got from the drawings is used as supplement to what the children told in the conversations. This research is mainly based upon theories about traditional and modern societies, by Dahl (2001; 2013), Inglehart & Baker (2012) and Giddens (1991) and rationality theories by Weber (1999) supported by some references to African culture and Zambian standards of living by Shutte (2001) and Taylor (2006).