Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of the factors of animal production and welfare on robotic milking frequency

The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of production factors on milking frequency and the latter’s effect on animal welfare in robotic milking. The experiment was performed with Holstein Friesian cows housed in free-stall barns. To assess the impact of production factors, body condition score, milk yield, and concentrate intake were determined. To determine the effects of the milking frequency on welfare, the locomotion and teat-end scores and serum cortisol level were evaluated. Three experimental groups were formed according to the daily average milking frequency: 1.0 to 1.9, 2.1 to 2.9, and above 3.0 milkings per day. The decrease in milking frequency during lactation was related to the reduction in concentrate intake and milk yield. The increase in milking frequency was related to the reduction in the milk flow and the increase in milking duration. Milking frequency was affected by concentrate intake, locomotion problems, milk yield, and lactation stage. The cortisol level and teat-end conditions were not affected by milking frequency. Milking frequency impacts milk flow, duration of milking, and milk composition; however, there is no effect on the indicators of animal welfare.
A new approach to weighting and inference in sample surveys

The validity of design-based inference is not dependent on any model assumption. However, it is well known that estimators derived through design-based theory may be inefficient for the estimation of population totals when the design weights are weakly related to the variables of interest and have widely dispersed values. We propose estimators that have the potential to improve the efficiency of any estimator derived under the design-based theory. Our main focus is limited to the improvement of the Horvitz-Thompson estimator, but we also discuss the extension to calibration estimators. The new estimators are obtained by smoothing design or calibration weights using an appropriate model. Our approach to inference requires the modelling of only one variable, the weight, and it leads to a single set of smoothed weights in multipurpose surveys. This is to be contrasted with other model-based approaches, such as the prediction approach, in which it is necessary to postulate and validate a model for each variable of interest leading potentially to variable-specific sets of weights. Our proposed approach is first justified theoretically and then evaluated through a simulation study.
Synthesis and Study of a Selected Series of Amides with the Coumarin Scaffold for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Due to the synthetic accessibility of different substituted coumarins and their biological properties, these heterocyclic compounds play an important role in the field of Medicinal Chemistry. In fact, coumarins have been previously described as anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, enzymatic inhibitory and antioxidant agents. Within the field of neurodegenerative diseases are described different types and intervention processes, which include the development of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, which combined with another drugs are used on therapy for Alzheimer's diseases. These inhibitors allow acetylcholine levels in the brain to stabilize or even enhance them, since it's established that this enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of this important neurotransmitter. In our group, we have already synthesised multiple novel compounds incorporating the coumarin moiety with remarkable activity towards MAO and/or AChE. In this work, we continue to exploit this scaffold by the synthesis of novel 3-amidocoumarins for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Following this work, pharmacological studies of the prepared compounds as AChE inhibitors are currently in progress. Some preliminary results are presented in this communication.
The Real Costs of Financial Efficiency When Some Information Is Soft

This paper shows that improving financial efficiency may reduce real efficiency. While the former depends on the total amount of information available, the latter depends on the relative amounts of hard and soft information. Disclosing more hard information (e.g. earnings) increases total information, raising financial efficiency and reducing the cost of capital. However, it induces the manager to prioritize hard information over soft by cutting intangible investment to boost earnings, lowering real efficiency. The optimal level of financial efficiency is non-monotonic in investment opportunities. Even if low financial efficiency is desirable to induce investment, the manager may be unable to commit to it. Optimal government policy may involve upper, not lower, bounds on financial efficiency.
Pre-Mapping System with Single Laser Sensor Based on Gmapping Algorithm

Knowing physical structure of the unknown environment is a requirement in some natural disaster situations such as earthquake, fire accidents or flood. Many existing algorithms in literature have been developed for the purpose of extracting map of unknown environment. These algorithms called as SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping). But still there are problems in SLAM to be solved. One of these problems referred in literature as chicken-egg problem. Another struggling problem is requirement of more parameters to execute and generate accurate map and pose estimation. That makes systems' structures more complicated and hierarchical. In this study, parameters of Gmapping SLAM algorithm are reduced to avoid complicated structures and execute in a low cost handheld system. In the second step, a rough map is generated by designed handheld system. This rough map called as pre-map. Purpose of the generated pre-map is to use it in other studies, to assist solving localization problem. 
$k$-Tuple Total Domination in Supergeneralized Petersen Graphs

Total domination number of a graph without isolated vertex is the minimum cardinality of a total dominating set, that is, a set of vertices such that every vertex of the graph is adjacent to at least one vertex of the set. Henning and Kazemi in [4] extended this definition as follows: for any positive integer $k$, and any graph $G$ with minimum degree-$k$, a set $D $ of vertices is a $k$-tuple total dominating set of $G$ if each vertex of $G$ is adjacent to at least $k$ vertices in $D$. The $k$-tuple total domination number $\gamma _{\times k,t}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a $k$-tuple total dominating set of $G$. In this paper, we give some upper bounds for the $k$-tuple total domination number of the supergeneralized Petersen graphs. Also we calculate the exact amount of this number for some of them.
MODULAR TRANSVERSAL FLUX TUBULAR MACHINE - PRESENTATION AND PROGRESS ACHIEVEMENTS

This paper proposes an interesting new type of tubular machine that can work like a tubular motor or a tubular generator. The machine's topologies for both operating regimes are presented here. In the paper a prototype of a tubular machine working as a motor, built from laminated sheet in stator and from soft magnetic composite material in core mover is presented. After a short analysis of the possibilities to control and drive a modular transversal flux tubular machines having active and non active mover, a driver and a control strategy are proposed. Different types of driver diagrams are presented, followed by the optimum solution adopted for experimental work. A system circuits consists of a power supply module, a converter module with current sensor, a programmable logic controller PLC and an equipped tubular motor, represent the experimental prototyping set-up. The implementation of the control strategy on a constructed laboratory model, allows validation of the results obtained via analytic and numeric field computations. The force values as function of mover position at various energizing currents were measured, and its profile was plotted. The innovative construction has very good performances and major advantages of the unique properties of the new soft magnetic composite material, Somaloy 700 HR, particularly the 3D magnetic isotropy. Some conclusions concerning the technical potential of the proposed machine are also presented.
Comparison of the molecular methods, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis, to characterize the microbiota in feces from breastfed infants

Se aplicaron las tecnicas “terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism” (T-RFLP) y “denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis” (DGGE) para caracterizar la microbiota intestinal de muestras de heces de siete lactantes durante sus primeros siete meses de vida. La comparacion de los dendrogramas revelo diferencias entre los patrones de agrupamiento obtenidos usando los dos metodos. Estos resultados no concuerdan con hallazgos de estudios previos que han demostrado grandes similitudes entre los dendrogramas construidos a partir de muestras fecales usando las dos tecnicas. Sin embargo, ambas tecnicas fueron capaces de mostrar patrones de sucesion bacteriana y diferencias unicas en la composicion de la microbiota de cada individuo estudiado.
Ambiguity and the Value of Hedging

This paper examines the optimal production and hedging decisions of the competitive ﬁrm under price uncertainty when the ﬁrm’s preferences exhibit smooth ambiguity aversion and an unbiased forward hedging opportunity is available. Ambiguity is modeled by a second-order probability distribution that captures the ﬁrm’s uncertainty about which of the subjective beliefs govern the price risk. Ambiguity preferences are modeled by the (second-order) expectation of a concave transformation of the (ﬁrst-order) expected utility of proﬁt conditional on each plausible subjective distribution of the price risk. Within this framework, the separation and full-hedging theorems remain intact. Banning the ﬁrm from trading its output forward at the unbiased forward price has adverse eﬀect on the ﬁrm’s production decision. The ﬁrm ﬁnds the unbiased forward hedging opportunity more valuable in the presence than in the absence of ambiguity. Furthermore, the value of hedging increases when the ﬁrm’s beliefs are more ambiguous, or when the ﬁrm becomes more ambiguity averse. This paper examines the optimal production and hedging decisions of the competitive ﬁrm under price uncertainty when the ﬁrm’s preferences exhibit smooth ambiguity aversion and an unbiased forward hedging opportunity is available. Ambiguity is modeled by a second-order probability distribution that captures the ﬁrm’s uncertainty about which of the subjective beliefs govern the price risk. Ambiguity preferences are modeled by the (second-order) expectation of a concave transformation of the (ﬁrst-order) expected utility of proﬁt conditional on each plausible subjective distribution of the price risk. Within this framework, the separation and full-hedging theorems remain intact. Banning the ﬁrm from trading its output forward at the unbiased forward price has adverse eﬀect on the ﬁrm’s production decision. The ﬁrm ﬁnds the unbiased forward hedging opportunity more valuable in the presence than in the absence of ambiguity. Furthermore, the value of hedging increases when the ﬁrm’s beliefs are more ambiguous, or when the ﬁrm becomes more ambiguity averse.
Psychocentrism and Homelessness: The Pathologization/Responsibilization Paradox

Psychocentrism is a governing neoliberal rationality that pathologizes human problems and frames individuals as responsible for socially structured inequalities. The homeless community provides an important case study to examine the ways psychocentrism manifests among an excluded population. This paper explores the paradox whereby homeless individuals are simultaneously pathologized and responsibilized through psychocentric discourses in which their status as economically poor becomes individualized as a symptom of mental illness and/or addiction. Although medicalized understandings of mental and emotional distress pervade the homeless industry, the obligations of freedom in the neoliberal era mean that individuals alone are held responsible for their failures. The paper examines the ways individuals experiencing homelessness are compelled to embark on an entrepreneurial project of the self that requires them to accept blame for their social precariousness. Further, it deconstructs the narratives that regard social explanations as an excuse and a failure of individual accountability. I argue that the “shamed poor” adopt empowerment discourses touted by the homeless industry, which paradoxically encourage individuals to find strength in their personal failures and to work toward self-governance, devoid of historical, social, and cultural context.
ON A MODEL FOR THE CODIFFUSION OF ISOTOPES

We consider a model for the distribution of radionuclides in the ground water around a deep repository for used nuclear fuel, based on the assumption that different isotopes of the same chemical element A contribute jointly to the chemical potential of A. In this hypothesis, the total flux Ji of a particular isotope Ai of an element A has two components. The corresponding problem consists in a parabolic system strongly coupled. In the physically relevant assumption that one of these components is negligible, the model reduces to a parabolic equation for the total concentration of the element A, possibly coupled with hyperbolic equations for the concentrations of the single isotopes.
HEALING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE UNDER FLEXURAL LOADING

Autogenous healing of concrete structure was studied as a part of measures for reduction of the total life cycle cost. This study presents the measurement for autogenous healing ability by using the stiffness through three-point bending test. It shows the relation between autogenous healing ability and the initial loading age for three kinds of concrete, such as normal concrete, fly ash concrete and fly ash concrete with fiber. Furthermore, the size effect of specimens on autogenous healing is examined.
Why women do not seek professional help for anxiety and depression
 symptoms during pregnancy or throughout the postpartum period? Barriers and
 facilitators of the help-seeking process

Goals: This study examined Portuguese women’s help-seeking intentions to address their emotional problems during pregnancy andthe first 12 months after childbirth, and the relative influence of main attitudinal and knowledge barriers and facilitators (prior experienceand encouragement from the partner). Methods: Pregnant women or women within the first 12 months postpartum answered to a cross-sectional online survey that includedself-reported questionnaires to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, depression literacy, attitudes towards help-seeking and intentionsto seek professional help.Results: Women’s (N = 243) have a greater intention to resort to informal sources of help than to formal sources of help. Women withclinically relevant psychopathological symptoms reported less positive attitudes towards help-seeking and a poorer perception of theirpartner’s support in seeking professional help. Both stigma and the perceived encouragement from the partner to seek professionalhelp were strong predictors of formal help-seeking intentions.Discussion: These results elucidate the importance of including the partner in the women´s help-seeking process and recovery, as wellas the important role of the media and health professionals in reducing the stigma about perinatal depression.
A Study of Optimum Currency Area in East Asia: a Cluster Analysis

This paper studies the feasibility of ASEAN+3 Monetary Union by investigating the homogeneities of the countries. Utilizing techniques of cluster analysis on two sets of criteria, the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) and the adjusted Maastricht Treaty (MTC), reveals that homogeneities of ASEAN+3 are low and the immediate formation of a monetary union would entail serious potential costs. Furthermore, our findings suggest that grouping differ between pre-crisis and post-crisis periods which could be due to the different impact of the crisis on the economic structure of these countries.
Managing Relational Capital for the Sustainability of the Energy Sector in the Social Media

Various management models have been proposed for intangible business assets in this new digital era. However, these models do not contemplate the relationships of intangible assets in the business management, neither their impact between them. This work has two main objectives; first, to show the impact of the intangible assets that are expressed on digital media over the energy brands; and second, to prove the relationships between the emotions and experiences and the attitude of these audiences. In order to do so, a novel intangibles model is proposed, and applied over the energy sector of the IBEX35. In this scenario, we have determined that user’s experiences extracted from digital environments significantly have relationships one of the most important intangibles in its business, namely the emotion.
The Lower Palaeozoic apparent polar wander path for Baltica: palaeomagnetic data from Silurian limestones of Gotland, Sweden

SUMMARY Well-dated and undeformed Silurian (Lower Wenlock) limestones from Gotland, southern Sweden, yield two stable remanence components following detailed thermal and alternating-field demagnetization studies. (1) A low blocking-temperature/coercivity magnetization, termed L, delineated below 250dC/10mT, is oriented parallel to the present Earth's field (Dec. 001, Inc. +67, n= 4 sites, a95= 16d). (2) A higher blocking-temperature/coercivity magnetization, termed H, unblocked between 250-400dC/10-35mT, has a NNE declination and shallow negative inclination (Dec. 025, Inc. -19, n= 5 sites, a95= 5d). This H component direction compares favourably with a previous result from Gotland based upon blanket cleaning. Given a lack of evidence for subsequent geological heating (Conodont Alteration Index = 1-1.5), or pervasive palaeomagnetic overprinting, the H palaeopole is regarded as reliable and primary/early diagenetic in origin (19dS, 352dE, dp/dm 3/5). The only other well-constrained Mid-Silurian pole from Baltica, that from the Ringerike Sandstone of the Oslo district, is in excellent agreement with the Gotland data. These combined poles resolve previous problems regarding the shape and time-calibration of Silurian apparent polar wander relative to Baltica.
Adaptation to the Worker Role: The Vocational Experience of South African Male Ex-Offenders

Objectives: The study is aimed at exploring, describing and understanding the experiences and perceptions of male ex-offenders with regard to adapting to their worker roles after they have been released from prison. Methods: The research methodology utilised was positioned in the qualitative research paradigm, specifically using the tradition of interpretivism. To gather data from the participants, focus groups and face to face interviews were conducted, consisting of broad questions followed by probes to gain an in-depth description of participants’ experiences and perceptions. Participants: Five males who were classified as being ex-offenders participated in the focus groups and one female (key informant) participated in two semi structured interviews. Results: Four themes emerged that reflected the vocational experience of male ex- offenders: 1) A sense of distrust, 2) A sense of support: Giving back to the community through learning and doing, 3) A change in lifestyle and 4) Working towards change through capacity building. For the purpose of this article, Theme 3- A change in lifestyle, will be discussed in depth as it explored the adaptive process that male ex- offenders experienced when adapting to their worker roles post release from prison. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that occupational therapy practitioners as well as correctional service personnel should utilise context specific vocational rehabilitation programmes that enhance the exoffender’s ability to find employment once they have been released from prison. Practitioners should be aware of both the internal and external adaptation strategies when planning vocational rehabilitation and community reintegration strategies.
Freshwater Ostracoda (Crustacea) of Inari Lapland in northern Finland

Collections of ostracods from various habitats in and around Lake Inari, Finnish Lapland, provide the first record of these crustaceans from Finland north of the Arctic Circle. From a total of 35 sites visited, 14 species were collected, out of which four appeared to be new to Finland: Fabaeformiscandona lapponica , Pseudocandona pratensis , Eucypris pigra and Paralimnocythere relicta . Two major assemblage groups were recognised by clustering classification and multi-dimensional scaling ordination, one dominated by Cyclocypris ovum , the second by Candona candida . Taxonomic diversity of the most assemblages was of expected range based on the inventory of 53 freshwater species of Finland.
Innovation Process Mapping Protocol : An Approach to Assessing Students ’ Understanding of Innovation As a Process

The assessment of knowledge, skills, and behaviors related to innovation is a challenging task. Current assessment approaches rely on idea generation tasks, surveys, or project deliverables each of which have limitations. In this paper, we present an alternative novel approach for assessing individual understanding of innovation process that we argue should be a learning outcome of any innovation education program or curricula. Our method, called the Innovation Process Mapping Protocol provides individualized assessment of knowledge and skills and takes about 30 minutes to complete. The data collected in the form of Innovation Process Maps are evaluated in two ways: using the innovation process mapping rubric and in the form of a Markov chain. We present results from two students and discuss how this instrument can be used in research studies and discuss its’ potential for use as a preand post-test to evaluate growth.
The Ten-Minute Neighbourhood Is [not] a Basic Planning Unit for Happiness in Egypt

This paper investigates the relationship between inhabitants’ happiness and the right to the city in the status quo of Egyptian neighborhoods. Although services are easily accessible, by ten-minute walks in a suitable ambience, happiness is not achieved. The research aims to, first , review the literature that provides a guideline for ten-minute neighborhoods. Second, this study conducts a comparative content analysis of recent online articles on the right to the city. Third , the study tests findings from Egyptian neighborhood settings. The idea of a ten-minute neighborhood is manageable. The hypothesis concerns a compliant design. It is a logical assumption that people who live within ten minutes walking distance of essential facilities in their area can minimize several problems and maximize a healthy lifestyle. The supposed issue causes the right to the city to affect the relationship between ten-minute neighborhoods and citizens’ happiness. This assumption can be established through site observation and oriented questionnaires. This paper contributes by presenting new planning units that suit the current context of the old cities in the Middle East and North Africa region, based on walking distances of ten minutes or less with reference to the right to the city. This planning unit can result in citizens’ happiness.