Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flooded area detection using multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data

Flood is one of the most common and expensive natural disaster. Rapid and efficient procedure to accurately detect the flood-inundated area irrespective of weather conditions will help the monitoring and rescuing during the seasonal flooding period. In this paper, a procedure is proposed to obtain the flood mapping using multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data. And a comparative experiment is design to test the effect of the proposed procedure. The result shows that it can extract the flooding area effectively.
Calcium ions and control of the motility of sea urchin spermatozoa.

swam at less than half the speed of those suspended in artificial sea water containing the optimum of 9 mmol CaCl2/1. Excess Ca2+ added to natural sea water decreased motility by 20 % at 36 mm (four times the normal amount) while the same amount of CaCl2 in artificial sea water depressed motility by 45%. The chelating agent, EGTA, caused greater depression than equivalent amounts of EDTA, though at millimolar concentration or higher both caused complete cessation of motility with the flagella in a rigidly extended position. If LaCl3 was added to artificial sea water containing 9 mm-CaCl2, it caused an even greater depression of motility. The effects were detectable at 50 nmol LaCl3/1 and complete inhibition occurred at 20 \g=m\mol/1.The flagella ceased beating in a coiled seemingly `relaxed' state. Sperm motility appears to require maintenance of Ca2+ gradients, reversible sequestration and release of Ca2+, and Ca2+-dependent metabolic regulation of the flagellar contractile system.
Does Sleep Enhance the Effect of Subanesthetic Isoflurane on Hypoxic Ventilation?

After surgery, patients may receive little audiovisual stimulation and may sleep.Lack of audiovisual stimulation enhances the suppression of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) by 0.1 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) isoflurane. Sleep also reduces the HVR and may thus increase the risk of hypoxia in patients at this time. We therefore measured the ventilatory response in volunteers to a sustained step hypoxic stimulus (mean arterial oxygen saturation [SaO2] 80% [SEM 0.3] for 20 min) in the presence of 0.1 MAC isoflurane, with subjects in the awake and asleep states. The behavioral states were studied in random order in nine male subjects. The combination of isoflurane and sleep significantly reduced (P < 0.05) normoxic ventilation (6.71 [0.39] vs 8.24 [0.29] L/min) and increased end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) (43.1 [0.5] vs 40.4 [0.8] mm Hg) compared with the awake state. However, ventilation was similar in the asleep and awake states during early (15.10 [1.35] vs 15.50 [1.61] L/min) and late (10.45 [0.97] vs 11.03 [0.99] L/min) hypoxia in the presence of isoflurane. Thus sleep did not reduce ventilation during hypoxia in the presence of isoflurane sedation. The increase in PETCO2 during sleep may have offset suppression of the HVR. (Anesth Analg 1995;81:751-6)
Daylight analysis of a typical low rise office building for different climate zones of India

The efforts of man to integrate daylight in the interior of any building had its start during the ancient civilizations. Despite of reducing the energy consumption due to artificial lighting to a considerable extend, daylight integration has positive effects on the health and productivity of its inhabitants. The building design and its climate are the major factors that determine the amount of daylight penetrating in to the interior of the building. This paper aims to analyze the daylight availability in the interior of a building, with a fixed design and orientation, for different climate zones of India. The building is modeled in Ecotect daylighting tool and simulated using Radiance Beta V2.0. Illuminance is considered as the performance indicator in this study. The percentage of daylit area for all the climate zones of India for the equinox day is presented in this paper. Comparison of optimally daylit area, under illuminated, over illuminated and glare perceived area is also presented for the cities of different climate zones.
Personalized and Occupational-aware Age Progression by Generative Adversarial Networks

Face age progression, which aims to predict the future looks, is important for various applications and has been received considerable attentions. Existing methods and datasets are limited in exploring the effects of occupations which may influence the personal appearances. In this paper, we firstly introduce an occupational face aging dataset for studying the influences of occupations on the appearances. It includes five occupations, which enables the development of new algorithms for age progression and facilitate future researches. Second, we propose a new occupational-aware adversarial face aging network, which learns human aging process under different occupations. Two factors are taken into consideration in our aging process: personality-preserving and visually plausible texture change for different occupations. We propose personalized network with personalized loss in deep autoencoder network for keeping personalized facial characteristics, and occupational-aware adversarial network with occupational-aware adversarial loss for obtaining more realistic texture changes. Experimental results well demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method by comparing with other state-of-the-arts age progression methods.
Benefits of Long‐Term Pulmonary Rehabilitation Maintenance Program in Patients with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Three‐Year Follow‐up

Rationale: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) tend to wane over time. Whether maintenance techniques may help sustain the benefits achieved after completion of the initial PR program remains controversial. Objectives: To determine whether a long‐term (3‐yr) maintenance program after PR preserves the short‐term effects on outcomes in patients with COPD. Methods: This was a multicenter prospective randomized trial including 143 patients with moderate‐severe COPD, with 3 years of PR maintenance following an 8‐week outpatient PR program. Patients were randomized to maintenance intervention group (IG) and standard monitoring program or control group (CG). The effects on BODE index, 6‐minute‐walk test distance (6MWD), and health‐related quality of life were compared at 12, 24, and 36 months. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 138 (96.5%) completed the 8‐week program. At this time, all outcomes (BODE, 6MWD, and health‐related quality of life) showed clinically and statistically significant improvements (P ≤ 0.001). During the follow‐up period, the magnitude of change in 6MWD differed between IG and CG (P = 0.042), with a slight initial increase in the IG during the first year and smaller decline afterward. The BODE index changes differed between baseline and measurements at Month 24 (P = 0.043). At 3 years, the adherence rate of IG patients was 66% and 17% for the CG group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study shows a 2‐year beneficial effect of a program of rehabilitation maintenance on the BODE index and 6MWD when compared with a standard strategy. This effect vanishes after the second year of follow‐up. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT 01090999)
The Design of e-Learning Environment Oriented for Personalized Adaptability

A design of e-Learning environment is described for personalized adaptability. At first, we explain the whole system of our learning management system, WebClass RAPSODY, which has been developed to stand up to use by whole students in a university In this topic, there are two points, 1) infrastructure construction/maintenance in university, 2) improvement of LMS to use it for official lecture of university. Then, new developing function is explained including unit for learning mode to monitor and analyze learner's learning status and unit for contents to search and analyze content's status. After learning a content, this system indicates next suitable content, with data mining of learner's status and content's status by genetic algorithm (GA). This function could support learner to sustain e-learning with well- understanding of contents and highly-motivation to learning.
The Capacity of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with Power Control

Power control is an efficient way to save energy in wireless ad hoc networks. However, as the size of networks grows, the losing from using smaller nodal transmit power may exceed the benefit from it. In this paper, the impact of power control on wireless ad hoc network capacity is discussed. An ad hoc network with n nodes which are uniformly distributed in 2-dimensional space with density p and each node can communicate with each other in a common shared channel is considered in this paper. The interference area caused by hidden nodes with different nodal transmit power is analyzed and we find that the interference is lessen by increasing nodal transmit power. The special reuse factor of ad hoc networks is defined as the number of successful transmission and receiving in a unit area. We find that the special reuse factor increases as the nodal transmit power grows. And the mathematical analysis is illustrated that as the effect of hidden nodes, the network capacity in ad hot-networks is degenerated and has Theta(1/N2). The results also imply that using larger transmit power can improve the network capacity. Finally simulation experiments are implemented to verify our results.
Performance analysis and simulations of 32‐ary cyclic code‐shift keying

Cyclic code‐shift keying (CCSK) is the baseband 32‐ary symbol modulation scheme used by the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS), the communication terminal for Link‐16. CCSK is not orthogonal and an analytic expression for the probability of symbol error for CCSK has thus far been elusive. In this paper, an analytic upper bound on the probability of symbol error of CCSK is derived for the 32‐chip CCSK starting sequence chosen for JTIDS. The analytically obtained probability of symbol error is compared with two different Monte Carlo simulations for additive white Gaussian noise. The results of both simulations match the analytic results very well and show that the analytic method yields a tight upper bound. A new 32‐chip CCSK starting sequence which has a smaller maximum off‐peak cross‐correlation value than the current JTIDS starting sequence is proposed and evaluated both analytically and by simulation. The results obtained for the new CCSK starting sequence compare favorably with the CCSK starting sequence chosen for JTIDS. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pose-Dependent Low-Rank Embedding for Head Pose Estimation

Head pose estimation via embedding model has beendemonstrated its effectiveness from the recent works.However, most of the previous methods only focuson manifold relationship among poses, while overlookthe underlying global structure among subjects and poses.To build a robust and effective head pose estimator,we propose a novel Pose-dependent Low-Rank Embedding(PLRE) method, which is designed to exploita discriminative subspace to keep within-pose samplesclose while between-pose samples far away. Specifically,low-rank embedding is employed under the multitaskframework, where each subject can be naturallyconsidered as one task. Then, two novel terms are incorporatedto align multiple tasks to pursue a better posedependentembedding. One is the cross-task alignmentterm, aiming to constrain each low-rank coefficient toshare the similar structure. The other is pose-dependentgraph regularizer, which is developed to capture manifoldstructure of same pose cross different subjects. Experimentson databases CMU-PIE, MIT-CBCL, and extendedYaleB with different levels of random noise areconducted and six embedding model based baselinesare compared. The consistent superior results demonstratethe effectiveness of our proposed method.
Dependency Analysis for Hybrid Programs

Formally verifying the correctness of programs in a program logic provides strong static guarantees about the program’s runtime behaviour. Unlike static analysis techniques, proving such correctness properties typically requires some form of user interaction, e.g. the user might need to manually state appropriate loop invariants. In the context of dL, this problem is somewhat exacerbated because one has to reason about both discrete loop invariants, and continuous differential invariants for hybrid programs. In this paper, we first explore a version of dependency analysis that we have designed and implemented for hybrid programs in KeYmaera X. We claim that such an analysis is non-trivial in the non-deterministic setting of dL, and we point out the subtleties in our definition. We then make use of dependency analysis in two application areas: finding differential invariants, and generating a variable order for quantifier elimination.
Generative Topographic Mapping and Factor Analyzers

By embedding random factors in the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), we propose a new model called faGTM. Our approach is based on a flexible hierarchical prior for a generalization of the generative topographic mapping (GTM) and the mixture of principal components analyzers (MPPCA). The parameters are estimated with expectation-maximization and maximum a posteriori. Empirical experiments show the interest of our proposal.
Influence of conjugation of doxorubicin to transferrin on the iron uptake by K562 cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis.

The influence of conjugation of doxorubicin to holotransferrin on the receptor-mediated endocytosis of and on the iron uptake from transferrin was studied using K562 cells. 125I-labelled transferrin and doxorubicin-transferrin conjugates were used in the binding, dissociation, and ligand-exchange experiments at 0 degree C, and 59Fe,125I-labelled (double-labelled) ligands were used in the endocytosis, iron uptake, and recycling experiments at 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of conjugates was about half of that of transferrin. Binding of 125I-labelled ligands was blocked by both unlabelled ligands to the same degree, however, it was not blocked at all by an 8000-fold excess of doxorubicin. After saturation bindings, slightly more 125I-labelled conjugates dissociated from the surface of cells than transferrin. Exchange of 125I-labelled ligands for unlabelled ligands resulted in different EC50 values (defined as the concentration of unlabelled ligand at which half as much radioligand is exchanged for unlabelled ligand as would be exchanged at infinitely high concentration of unlabelled ligand under similar assay conditions). While transferrin exchanged transferrin with an EC50 value close to the binding affinity, conjugates exchanged conjugates with much lower efficiency. The heterolog exchange experiments yielded EC50 values inbetween the two extrema. For studying iron uptake, K562 cells were loaded with the double-labelled ligands either at 37 degrees C (endosome-loading only) or at 0 degree C (surface-loading only). Results obtained for the endocytosis of, the iron uptake from, and the recycling of double-labelled ligands indicate that (a) the rate of iron uptake is smaller from conjugates than from transferrin, (b) there are at least two parallel recycling processes for both ligand.receptor complexes, and (c) each time constant characterizing the different steps of iron uptake via receptor-mediated endocytosis is smaller for conjugates than for transferrin (or, the half times characterizing the different steps are higher for conjugates than for transferrin). Endocytosis and iron uptake were unaffected by free doxorubicin (12.5 microM) or colchicine (1 mM). Benzyl alcohol (30 mM) slowed down the rate of both endocytosis and iron uptake, while dithiothreitol (5 mM) decreased the rate of iron uptake and increased the rate of endocytosis. N-Ethylmaleimide (1 mM) completely stopped both endocytosis and iron uptake. The results suggest that the binding of conjugates to the surface of cells is governed by the binding of the transferrin part of conjugates to the transferrin receptor. However, conjugation of doxorubicin to transferrin seems to influence all properties of transferrin. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Mechanism of aluminum tolerance in snapbeans : root exudation of citric Acid.

One proposed mechanism of aluminum (Al) tolerance in plants is the release of an Al-chelating compound into the rhizosphere. In this experiment, two cultivars of snapbeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. "Romano" and "Dade") that differ in Al tolerance were grown hydroponically with and without Al under aseptic conditions. After growth in nutrient solutions for 8 days, aliphatic and phenolic organic acids were analyzed in the culture solutions with an ion chromatograph and a high pressure liquid chromatograph. The tolerant snapbean, "Dade", when exposed to Al, exuded citric acid into the rhizosphere in a concentration that was 70 times as great as that of "Dade" grown without Al, and 10 times as great as that of "Romano" grown with or without Al. The sensitive cultivar, "Romano", exuded only slightly more citric acid into the growing medium under Al-stress, compared to nonstressed conditions. Citric acid is known to chelate Al strongly and to reverse its phytotoxic effects. Also, citric acid has been shown previously to enhance the availability of phosphorus (P) from insoluble Al phosphates. Thus, one mechanism of Al-tolerance in snapbeans appears to be the exudation of citric acid into the rhizosphere, induced either by toxic levels of Al or by low P due to the precipitation of insoluble Al phosphates. Our experiment was not able to distinguish between these two factors; however, tolerance to both primary and secondary Al-stress injuries are important for plants growing in Al-toxic soils.
Platelets Help in the Difficult Task of Deciding when and who shouldReceive Antiviral Treatment

Over the last decades we have witnessed a real revolution in the treatment of viruses. It started with the development of antiretrovirals to eliminate the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) responsible for a global health crisis. HIV continues to be a major global problem, and according to statistics 38.1 million people have become infected with HIV and 25.3 million people have died of AIDS-related illnesses [1]. Now over six distinctive drug classes of antiretrovirals and as many as 40 HIV commercially available medicines are available to address HIV infection. Although the World Health Organization (WHO), governments around the world, and private agencies have joined efforts to expand access to antiretroviral therapy, only half of people are receiving treatment, and not all are resulting in success [1]. Based on surveillance data it has been estimated that 28% of the patients receiving ART did not achieve undetectable viral loads [2]. Even worse, in certain groups (alcohol users and drug addicts) these rates are even higher. These findings are of concern when considering that the monthly cost of an antiretroviral goes from $400 to $ $4,097.78 per month depending of the selected regimen [3].
The tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulating region of galactose-inhibitable lectin of Entamoeba histolytica activates gamma interferon-primed macrophages for amebicidal activity mediated by nitric oxide

Entamoeba histolytica adheres via galactose-lectin (Gal-lectin) to human colonic mucins and intestinal epithelial cells as a prerequisite to amebic invasion. Native Gal-lectin is a protective antigen in the gerbil model of amebiasis. Amino acids 596 to 1082 of Gal-lectin mediate E. histolytica adherence to target cells and stimulate tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by naive murine bone marrow macrophages (BMM). Resistance to amebiasis requires an effective cell-mediated immune response against E. histolytica trophozoites mediated by nitric oxide (NO) released from activated macrophages. Herein, we determine whether the TNF-alpha-stimulating region of Gal-lectin can activate gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-primed BMM for NO production and amebicidal activity. Native Gal-lectin (100 to 500 ng/ml) stimulated TNF-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression in IFN-gamma-primed BMM as did lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/ml). Primed BMM produced TNF-alpha and NO in response to Gal-lectin in a dose-dependent manner. Antilectin monoclonal antibody IG7, which recognizes a domain (amino acids 596 to 818) of the TNF-alpha mRNA-stimulating region of Gal-lectin, specifically inhibited TNF-alpha and iNOS mRNA induction and TNF-alpha and NO production by primed BMM in response to Gal-lectin (100 ng/ml). Simultaneous treatment of BMM with IFN-gamma and Gal-lectin (100 ng/ml) activated the cells to kill E. histolytica trophozoites, whereas IFN-gamma treatment alone had no effect. In the presence of monoclonal antibody 1G7 or aminoguanidine (an iNOS inhibitor), NO production and amebicidal activity were inhibited >80%. These results suggest that the TNF-alpha-stimulating region of native Gal-lectin is a potent stimulus of IFN-gamma-primed BMM for NO production, which is essential for host defense against amebiasis.
Technology, Demographic Characteristics and E-Learning Acceptance: A Conceptual Model Based on Extended Technology Acceptance Model

The main aim of this paper is to develop an amalgamated conceptual model of technology acceptance that explains how individual, social, cultural and organizational factors affect the students’ acceptance and usage behaviour of the Web-based learning systems. More specifically, the proposed model extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to include four constructs namely, Quality of work life; Social Norm; Facilitating Conditions and self-efficacy. In addition, Individual differences—namely, age, gender, and experience—are hypothesized to moderate the effects of these constructs on behavioral intention and technology use. A comprehensive understanding of this model will provide valuable insights into the factors that inﬂuence the acceptance or resistance of web-based learning system by intended users and oﬀers opportunities for future research in understanding the acceptance of technology. Further, understanding these variables is helpful for instructors to design meaningful educational activities to promote student knowledge construction and make learning more effective and appealing.
C‐terminal fragments of parathyroid hormone‐related protein, PTHrP‐(107‐111) and (107‐139), and the N‐terminal PTHrP‐(1‐40) fragment stimulate membrane‐associated protein kinase C activity in rat spleen lymphocytes

Membrane‐associated protein kinase C (PKC) activity in lymphocytes freshly isolated from rat spleen was stimulated by the C‐terminal parathyroid hormonerelated protein fragments, PTHrP‐(107–111) and PTHrP‐(107–139), at concentrations from 10−3 to 104 pM. By contrast, the same concentrations of PTHrP‐(120–139), Without the 107–111 TRSAW (‐Thr‐Arg‐Ser‐Ala‐Trp‐) sequence of the other C terminal fragments, did not stimulate spleen lymphocyte PKC. Low concentrations of the N‐terminal PTHrP‐(1–40) fragment also stimulated membrane‐associated PKC activity in the spleen lymphocytes. These results suggest that PTHrP might be an important physiological regulator of the immune response. Published 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN UNDEFINED MUCOSAL COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION TREATMENT TO CONTROL SALMONELLA IN TURKEYS DURING BROODING

Abstract Mucosal competitive exclusion (MCE) cultures generated from the mucosal scrapings of healthy adult turkeys were administered to commercial turkey poults. MCE-treated poults were placed on tom and hen farms with paired untreated control poults in adjacent houses. After 6 wk in the brood house, cecal droppings from control and treated flocks were collected and analyzed for the presence of salmonellae. Salmonellae were detected in 14 of 30 cecal droppings (47%) from control flocks and from only 1 of 30 (3.3%) droppings from the treated poults. This study demonstrated that mucosal competitive exclusion could be used to effectively control salmonellae in a commercial field trial of young turkey flocks.