Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speed Limit Safety of Expressway Curves Based on the Critical State Evaluation Model of Vehicle Side Rollover

The design of a mountain expressway includes many special road sections, such as the combination of sharp bends and curved slopes, which may easily cause traffic accidents. Speed limit is an effective means of ensuring the safety of travellers. A novel speed limit formulation method was proposed in this study to improve the scientific level of the speed limit standard of a mountain expressway. First, the model of vehicle driving stability in the critical state of side rollover and sideslip was established. Second, the stabilities of vehicle side rollover and sideslip on the horizontal curve and slope curve were analyzed by considering the influence of vehicle dynamic characteristics. Finally, a specific speed limit implementation scheme for a multi-curve road section was proposed with an example. Results demonstrate that when the curvature radius of the road is large, the critical speed of vehicle side rollover and sideslip is high. In particular, the critical speed of vehicle side rollover is high when the gradient value of the transverse slope of the road section is considerable within a limited range. Meanwhile, the critical speed of vehicle sideslip is high when the frictional resistance coefficient of the pavement is high. The gradient value of the longitudinal slope of the curved slope section slightly affects the critical speed of vehicle rollover and sideslip. This study provides a strong theoretical basis for setting a safe driving speed limit in curve road sections.
Spherically-symmetric solutions of the Schrödinger-Newton equations

As part of a programme in which quantum state reduction is understood as a gravitational phenomenon, we consider the Schrödinger-Newton equations. For a single particle, this is a coupled system consisting of the Schrödinger equation for the particle moving in its own gravitational field, where this is generated by its own probability density via the Poisson equation. Restricting to the spherically-symmetric case, we find numerical evidence for a discrete family of solutions, everywhere regular, and with normalizable wavefunctions. The solutions are labelled by the non-negative integers, the nth solution having n zeros in the wavefunction. Furthermore, these are the only globally defined solutions. Analytical support is provided for some of the features found numerically.
Possibility of increasing the efficiency of laser-induced tattoo removal by optical skin clearing

The possibility of selective laser photothermolysis improvement for the removal of tattoo pigments due to the optical clearing of human skin is investigated. It is shown experimentally that the optical skin clearing increases the tattoo image contrast. Computer Monte Carlo simulations show that by decreasing the laser beam scattering in upper skin layers, it is possible to reduce the radiation power required for tattoo removal by 30%—40% and, therefore, to increase the the photothermolysis efficiency.
On the Origin of Matter and Gravity: What They Are and Why They Exist

We show a group of equations that appear to represent target values for the mass, radius, and number of elementary particles in the universe: the values of an ’ideal particle’. Quanta and particles are not static; they change with time. The angular momentum of the universe is continually increasing, and this requires a dynamical response to conserve angular momentum. The creation, collapse, and coalescence of quanta conserves angular momentum, resulting in the creation of particles of matter. Matter is condensed space. The increase in the gravitational potential energy of particles matches the accretion rate of energy predicted by this model. This gives a simple, universe-wide mechanism for the creation of matter, and is the reason all elementary particles, of a kind, are identical. The centripetal force of a particle of matter matches the gravitational force; they are the same entity. Gravity is the ongoing accretion of the quanta of space by particles of matter. Subject headings: absorption of space; accretion of quanta; creation of elementary particles; creation of matter; conservation of angular momentum; conservation of centripetal force; Hubble constant; hyperverse; model of gravity
A Novel Approach of Inhalt Based Video Recuperation System Using OCR and ASR Technologies

Now a days Lecture videos are present methods for Elearning process. The degree of lecture video data on the (WWW)World Wide Web is growing very quickly. Therefore maximum appropriate technique for retrieving video within vast lecture video library is required. This technique will be very beneficial for the new and existing users to search related video within a short period of time. This paper shows a different method for inhalt based video searching for receiving correct outcomes. The main aim of the proposed system is to recover a video on the basis of its substances rather than retrieving video consulting to its title and meta data explanation in order to provide an correct for the examine query. For mining text data printed on slides we put on optical character recognition algorithm(OCR) and automatic speech recognition algorithm(ASR) to convert speaker’s speech into text. Keywords—Automatic Speech Recognition Algorithm. (ASR),Elearning Videos, Optical Character Recognition (OCR).
An electromagnetic detector for very-high-frequency gravitational waves

An interaction between a gravitational wave and the polarization vector of an electromagnetic wave is described in which the polarization vector rotates about the direction of propagation. If a resonant condition can be established with the electromagnetic wave always experiencing the same phase of the gravitational wave then the effect is cumulative and can be enhanced linearly by repeated circuits of a closed loop. When implemented with realistic experimental apparatus, a detector sensitive to gravitational waves at very high frequencies can be envisaged, in a frequency range where the signals are expected to be from cosmological sources at very early moments in the Universe.
Fast iterative solution of sparsely sampled seismic inverse problems

One of the problems in linearized seismic inverse scattering, which has received little attention so far, is the existence of large gaps in the acquisition geometry due to the use of a limited number of sources and receivers. Frequently used Born inversion methods do not take this kind of sampling effect into account. Therefore, especially for three-dimensional problems, the results may suffer from serious artefacts. These problems are partially overcome by using iterative methods, based on the minimization of an error norm. For two-dimensional test problems, the authors have found that iterative methods give significantly more accurate results for sparsely sampled data. For large-scale seismic inverse problems, the rate of convergence of any iterative method is extremely important. The authors have found that fast convergence rates can be achieved with the aid of methods that are preconditioned with the Born inverse scattering operator. In particular, the rate of convergence of the preconditioned successive overrelaxation method and the preconditioned Krylov subspace method have been found to be much faster than the widely used conjugate gradient method. With these new methods, the authors have obtained acceptable results for problems containing as many as 90000 unknowns, after only four iterations.
Cognitive momentum

Clearly there is some form of relationship between teaching and learning. What it is and, indeed, what definitional approaches one needs to take to specify such complicated ‘multidimensional’ variables in any meaningful or useful way are still by no means clear. Nevertheless, teaching is what teachers do and learning is what pupils do, and the activities of each are determined, in part at least, by the activities of the other. Pupils will learn more with more (suitable) teaching, and so there must be some qualitative relationship that is sufficiently tangible to power the many forms of curriculum consideration, study and development that take place. We believe, and indeed must believe, that more and better teaching results in more learning. Any attempt to simplistically relate teaching to the learning it produces beyond the level of ‘more of this and more of that’ seems, intuitively at least, to beg for failure. However, research on mastery learning has examined relationships between achievement and time on task, motivation variables. and also the effects of prior learning. Aldridge (1983) summarises this research and goes on to produce a mathematical model of mastery learning which includes a computer program to accept student data and from which predictions can be made. H e states that his model is susceptible to the same tests and refinements as an empirical law in the physical or life sciences, and it generates ‘learning curves’ of various shapes for differing input parameters. The aim of this article is less ambitious-it is to discuss some aspects of the relationship between teaching and learning in a way that may possibly stimulate thinking in the same manner as learning hierarchies, stage theory and the abundant use of metaphor. This involves a highly speculative perspective, but one that is no more and no less exempt
Heteroclinic Bifurcation of Strongly Nonlinear Oscillator

Analytical prediction of heteroclinic bifurcation of the strongly nonlinear oscillator is presented by using the extended normal form method. We consider the approximate periodic solution of the system subject to the quintic nonlinearity by introducing the undetermined fundamental frequency. For the occurrence of heteroclinicity, the bifurcation criterion is accomplished. It depends on the contact of the limit cycle with the saddle equilibrium. As is illustrated, the explicit application shows that the new results coincide very well with the results of numerical simulation when disturbing parameter is of arbitrary magnitude.
Gas flow in microchannels with bends

Bends or curves are unavoidable features in fluidic systems due to design or technology constraints. These fluidic elements in a macrochannel always induce secondary flows, which result in pressure loss in addition to frictional loss. In this paper, this phenomenon is investigated on a microscale where flow separation is not expected to develop. A set of microchannels, with the dimensions 20×1×5810 µm3, with a 90° turn at the channel centre, has been fabricated using standard micromachining techniques. Three bend configurations have been tested: miter, curved and double-turn. All the microchannels were integrated with pressure microsensors. Argon gas was passed through the microdevices under an inlet pressure of up to 50 psi, and the mass flow rate was measured for all the devices as a function of the driving pressure drop. The flow rate through the channel with the miter bend, a single sharp turn at a right angle, was found to be the lowest. Pressure distributions along the microchannels were recorded, showing an additional pressure drop across the bends. The largest drop was found in the miter bend with the lowest flow rate. The mass flow rate and pressure measurements indicate that secondary flow could develop in microchannels also due to a bend, contrary to expectations.
Activation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Macrophages Regulates Cytokine Production and Experimental Colitis

Macrophages regulate innate immunity to maintain intestinal homeostasis and play pathological roles in intestinal inflammation. Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promotes cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, and wound closure in several cell types. However, the impact of EGFR in macrophages remains unclear. This study was to investigate whether EGFR activation in macrophages regulates cytokine production and intestinal inflammation. We found that EGFR was activated in colonic macrophages in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced colitis and in patients with ulcerative colitis. DSS-induced acute colitis was ameliorated, and recovery from colitis was promoted in Egfrfl/flLysM-Cre mice with myeloid cell–specific deletion of EGFR, compared with LysM-Cre mice. DSS treatment increased IL-10 and TNF levels during the acute phase of colitis, and increased IL-10 but reduced TNF levels during the recovery phase in Egfrfl/flLysM-Cre mice. An anti–IL-10 neutralizing Ab abolished these effects of macrophage-specific EGFR deletion on DSS-induced colitis in Egfrfl/flLysM-Cre mice. LPS stimulated EGFR activation and inhibition of EGFR kinase activity enhanced LPS-stimulated NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, induction of IL-10 production by EGFR kinase-blocked RAW 264.7 cells, in response to LPS plus IFN-γ, correlated with decreased TNF production. Thus, although selective deletion of EGFR in macrophages leads to increases in both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in response to inflammatory stimuli, the increase in the IL-10 level plays a role in suppressing proinflammatory cytokine production, resulting in protection of mice from intestinal inflammation. These results reveal an integrated response of macrophages regulated by EGFR in intestinal inflammatory disorders.
Quantum spin dynamics (QSD): IV. Euclidean quantum gravity as a model to test Lorentzian quantum gravity

The quantization of Lorentzian or Euclidean 2 + 1 gravity by canonical methods is a well studied problem. However, the constraints of 2 + 1 gravity are those of a topological field theory and therefore resemble very little those of the corresponding Lorentzian 3 + 1 constraints. In this paper we canonically quantize Euclidean 2 + 1 gravity for an arbitrary genus of the spacelike hypersurface with new, classically equivalent constraints that maximally probe the Lorentzian 3 + 1 situation. We choose the signature to be Euclidean because this implies that the gauge group is, as in the 3 + 1 case, SU(2) rather than . We employ, and carry out to full completion, the new quantization method introduced in preceding papers of this series which resulted in a finite 3 + 1 Lorentzian quantum field theory for gravity. The space of solutions to all constraints turns out to be much larger than that obtained by traditional approaches, however, it is fully included. Thus, by a suitable restriction of the solution space, we can recover all former results which gives confidence in the new quantization methods. The meaning of the remaining `spurious solutions' is discussed.
Optical emission spectroscopy, thermodynamical and thermal disequilibrium aspects in an inductively coupled plasma torch. Experimental applications to - mixtures

The purpose of this article is to study experimentally and theoretically the spectral line ratios O 700.22 nm/N 746.87 nm with a sample gas mixture of and (notably for pure air) in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch. We study theoretically the influence of the thermal disequilibrium on the composition and on the volumic enthalpy in a plasma produced in an ICP torch, and we show that the lower temperature in the plasma is set by the power supplied by the inductive coil. If the temperature (or heavy species temperature for plasma out of thermal equilibrium) is sufficiently low (<5000 K), we show that the thermal disequilibrium has no influence on intensity spectral line ratios (O 700.22 nm/N 746.87 nm). We compare these results with those obtained experimentally in the case of - mixtures, and we show that the determination of monatomic spectral line ratios (O 700.22 nm/N 746.87 nm) solely depends on the initial sample gas composition introduced in the ICP torch.
Unitary Application of the Quantum Error Correction Codes

For applying the perfect code to transmit quantum information over a noise channel, the standard protocol contains four steps: the encoding, the noise channel, the error-correction operation, and the decoding. In present work, we show that this protocol can be simplified. The error-correction operation is not necessary if the decoding is realized by the so-called complete unitary transformation. We also offer a quantum circuit, which can correct the arbitrary single-qubit errors.
Outer boundary as arrested history in general relativity

We present explicit outer boundary conditions for the canonical variables of general relativity. The conditions are associated with the causal evolution of a finite Cauchy domain, a so-called quasilocal boost, and they suggest a consistent scheme for modelling such an evolution numerically. The scheme involves a continuous boost in the spacetime orthogonal complement ⊥Tp(B) of the tangent space Tp(B) belonging to each point p on the system boundary B. We show how the boost rate may be computed numerically via equations similar to those appearing in canonical investigations of black-hole thermodynamics (although here holding at an outer two-surface rather than the bifurcate two-surface of a Killing horizon). We demonstrate the numerical scheme on a model example, the quasilocal boost of a spherical three-ball in Minkowski spacetime. Developing our general formalism with recent hyperbolic formulations of the Einstein equations in mind, we use Anderson and York's ‘Einstein–Christoffel’ hyperbolic system as the evolution equations for our numerical simulation of the model.
Variable Stiffness Actuators: A Review of the Structural Research

： Variable stiffness actuators (VSA) are developed to meet the strict requirements of the next generation of robots with physical human-robot interaction or high dynamic motions. These requirements pose new challenges to the design of actuators to make them safe, energy-efficient, and highly dynamic. A classification of the different VSAs based on the principles of stiffness adjustments is proposed. Then the stiffness properties, load capacities, deformability and energy capacities of each kind of VSAs are analyzed respectively and then compared and concluded. This conclusion allows for designers of new devices to choose and design VSAs according to their targeted application. The existing problems and future trends of VSAs are also discussed.
Zero-Shot Imitating Collaborative Manipulation Plans from YouTube Cooking Videos

—People often watch videos on the web to learn how to cook new recipes, assemble furniture or repair a computer. We wish to enable robots with the very same capability. This is challenging; there is a large variation in manipulation actions and some videos even involve multiple persons, who collaborate by sharing and exchanging objects and tools. Furthermore, the learned representations need to be general enough to be transferable to robotic systems. On the other hand, previous work has shown that the space of human manipulation actions has a linguistic, hierarchical structure that relates actions to manipulated objects and tools. Building upon this theory of language for action, we propose a system for understanding and executing demonstrated action sequences from full-length, real-world cooking videos on the web. The system takes as input a new, previously unseen cooking video annotated with object labels and bounding boxes, and outputs a collaborative manipulation action plan for one or more robotic arms. We demonstrate performance of the system in a standardized dataset of 100 YouTube cooking videos, as well as in six full-length Youtube videos that include collaborative actions between two participants. We compare our system with a base- line system that consists of a state-of-the-art action detection baseline and show our system achieves higher action detection accuracy. We additionally propose an open-source platform for executing the learned plans in a simulation environment as well as with an actual robotic arm. 1
A basic study of some normoxic polymer gel dosimeters

Polymer gel dosimeters offer a wide range of potential applications in the three-dimensional verification of complex dose distribution such as in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Until now, however, polymer gel dosimeters have not been widely used in the clinic. One of the reasons is that they are difficult to manufacture. As the polymerization in polymer gels is inhibited by oxygen, all free oxygen has to be removed from the gels. For several years this was achieved by bubbling nitrogen through the gel solutions and by filling the phantoms in a glove box that is perfused with nitrogen. Recently another gel formulation was proposed in which oxygen is bound in a metallo-organic complex thus removing the problem of oxygen inhibition. The proposed gel consists of methacrylic acid, gelatin, ascorbic acid, hydroquinone and copper(II)sulphate and is given the acronym MAGIC gel dosimeter. These gels are fabricated under normal atmospheric conditions and are therefore called ‘normoxic’ gel dosimeters. In this study, a chemical analysis on the MAGIC gel was performed. The composition of the gel was varied and its radiation response was evaluated. The role of different chemicals and the reaction kinetics are discussed. It was found that ascorbic acid alone was able to bind the oxygen and can thus be used as an anti-oxidant in a polymer gel dosimeter. It was also found that the anti-oxidants N-acetyl-cysteine and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium were effective in scavenging the oxygen. However, the rate of oxygen scavenging is dependent on the anti-oxidant and its concentration with tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium being the most reactive anti-oxidants. Potentiometric oxygen measurements in solution provide an easy way to get a first impression on the rate of oxygen scavenging. It is shown that cupper(II)sulphate operates as a catalyst in the oxidation of ascorbic acid. We, therefore, propose some new normoxic gel formulations that have a less complicated chemical formulation than the MAGIC gel.
Implementation of 5s Methodology in a Store Room in Workshop at JIT - A Case Study

The research work carried out to apply the 5S methodology of lean manufacturing to solve the problems of WORKSHOP at JIT with the aim of proper space utilization and elimination of waste in the workshop. The objectives of the project are organizing the workplace, shortening of the time of seeking necessary things such as tools, equipment and stationary, safety improvement, clean workplace. Also eliminate duplication of unwanted and unneeded material. Before and after implementation picture are taken for the applying 5S methodology in a workplace. Workshop consists of Store room, Machine shop, Carpentry shop, Thermal lab, Project lab, Smithy shop and Foundry shop.5S implementation has been carried out in Store room &Foundry shop. During 5s study many opportunities of improvement were found such as waste & unwanted scrap, improper operating conditions& arrangement of machines, tools, equipment etc. After implementing of 5S in the store room and foundry shop the workspace became efficient and effective, shortening of the time of seeking necessary things, proper space utilization, safety improvement, clean workplace, and improvement of the work environment. Keywords— 5S, Space Utilization, Elimination of
Unknown State Transmission Using GHZ States via Collective Noise Channel

Two protocols for transmitting an unknown single-photon state and an unknown non-maximally entangled EPR state are presented by using the quantum channel of three-phonton GHZ (Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger) state, which can be realized with unitary success probability when collective noise is taken into account. The protocols can also be generalized to transmit multi-photon state or to realize quantum communication in collective noise channel.