Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative Advantage and Perceived Usefulness: The Adoption of Competing ICTs

Relative advantage and perceived usefulness are often used interchangeably in the literature. We argue that this limits the understanding of the adoption of ICTs, especially when there are multiple alternatives. To address this issue, we reexamine relative advantage in relation to perceived usefulness by illustrating the conceptual differences between these two constructs, providing a re-specification of relative advantage stressing explicit comparison between ICTs, and then empirically testing a model that explores the roles of these constructs in explaining and predicting the adoption of a new technology in the presence of an existing ICT. The results demonstrate that perceived usefulness and relative advantage are indeed related but distinct constructs relative advantage is a function of the perceived usefulness of new and existing technologies. While the perceived usefulness of a technology does explain the adoption of it to some extent, its relative advantage allows us to incorporate the influence of other technologies that would be otherwise ignored. 1 Corresponding author. 2 / 21 Relative Advantage and Perceived Usefulness: The Adoption of Competing ICTs
Real-time Transaction Scheduling Method for Distributed Database

The existing distributed database is mainly based on the limited scale network environment. Many systems implement algorithms are difficult to apply when it needs to be expanded or involved into the field of distributed query processing, distributed transaction processing and data replication. In this paper, one real-time transaction management architecture and its details are proposed to improve the efficacy of SQL processing based on distributed database system. The seven primary functional models in the server cluster part and four functional models in the distributed database part are designed to enhance the query function such as insert or update in our network environment. The experiments and results proved that our method is more efficient than traditional methods.
A self-stabilizing algorithm for virtual ring construction

This paper presents a self-stabilizing, distributed algorithm for finding a virtual ring in a connected unweighted graph, named SelfVRC. A virtual ring allows routing without knowing the topology of the underlying network. All network nodes know their own positions on the ring as well as those of their neighbors. While self-stabilizing algorithms that construct a virtual ring exist, little work has been done in minimizing its length. SelfVRC was evaluated with different fair and unfair schedulers. It stabilizes in O(n) rounds. The resulting ring is not longer than 2(n− 1) and is on average significantly shorter. Cycles in the underlying graph are utilized to reduce the length of the virtual ring. SelfVRC depends on unique node identifiers and a root node.
Numerical Investigation of Vertical Plunging Jet Using a Hybrid Multifluid–VOF Multiphase CFD Solver

A novel hybrid multiphase flow solver has been used to conduct simulations of a vertical plunging liquid jet. This solver combines a multifluid methodology with selective interface sharpening to enable simulation of both the initial jet impingement and the long-time entrained bubble plume phenomena. Models are implemented for variable bubble size capturing and dynamic switching of interface sharpened regions to capture transitions between the initially fully segregated flow types into the dispersed bubbly flow regime. It was found that the solver was able to capture the salient features of the flow phenomena under study and areas for quantitative improvement have been explored and identified. In particular, a population balance approach is employed and detailed calibration of the underlying models with experimental data is required to enable quantitative prediction of bubble size and distribution to capture the transition between segregated and dispersed flow types with greater fidelity.
Passive acoustic monitoring on the North Atlantic right whale calving grounds

DayNight 6560 1 6560 122.26 0* DrumPA 36092.1 1 36092.1 672.66 0* DeployIdx(2009,2010) 844.3 1 844.3 15.74 0.0001* SiteIdx(J,S) 56615 1 56615 1055.16 0* DayNight×DrumPA 8738.5 1 8738.5 162.86 0* DayNight×DeployIdx(2009,2010) 960.8 1 960.8 17.91 0* DayNight×SiteIdx(J,S) 250.8 1 250.8 4.67 0.0307 DrumPA×DeployIdx(2009,2010) 5269.9 1 5269.9 98.22 0* DrumPA×SiteIdx(J,S) 3904.1 1 3904.1 72.76 0* DeployIdx(2009,2010)×SiteIdx(J,S) 4096.9 1 4096.9 76.35 0* Error 403328.9 7517 53.7 Total 671732.4 7527
Adsorption of mercury from aqueous solutions using palm oil fuel ash as an adsorbent - batch studies

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is one of the most abundantly produced waste materials. POFA is widely used by the oil palm industry which was collected as ash from the burning of empty fruit bunches fiber (EFB) and palm oil kernel shells (POKS) in the boiler as fuel to generate electricity. Mercury adsorption was conducted in a batch process to study the effects of contact time, initial Hg(II) ion concentration, and temperature. In this study, POFA was prepared and used for the removal of mercury(II) ion from the aqueous phase. The effects of various parameters such as contact time (0- 360 min), temperature (15 – 45 °C) and initial Hg(II) ion concentration (1 – 5 mg/L) for the removal of Hg(II) ion were studied in a batch process. The surface characterization was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size distribution analysis. From this study, it was found that the highest Hg(II) ion removal was 99.60 % at pH 7, contact time of 4 h, initial Hg(II) ion concentration of 1 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 0.25 g and agitation speed of 100 rpm. The results implied that POFA has the potential as a low-cost and environmental friendly adsorbent for the removal of mercury from aqueous solution.
Recognition of Handwriting Based on Signature and Digit of Character Using Multiple of Artificial Neural Networks in Personality Identification

Handwriting stroke reflects the written trace of each individual's rhythm and style. By examining all elements of handwriting and interpreting them separately or integrated, we could generate a sketch of the writer's character traits, emotional disposition and social style using standard of graphology. As image, the analysis of graphology is divided into two approaches that graphics features and segmentation digit each character. In this research, using combination of graphical approach based on signature and digit of character of application form using multi-structure algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANN). The image split into two areas: the signature based on nine features and application form of letters digit area. Each area had preprocessing performed to improve the recognition accuracy. Signature area is classified using ANN based on five features which result an accuracy of 5678%. While four feature of the signature that detection using multi structure algorithm result 87-100% accuracy. In meantime, pattern recognition of application form digit area using Learning Vector Quantization gave 43% accuracy. It used 100 sets of data testing after training with 10-25 data. The system has been implemented with the software so that it can be used for classification of personality from handwriting scanned automatically.
Genetic structure of Oryza glumaepatula wild rice populations and evidence of introgression from O. sativa in Costa Rica

Wild crop relatives are an important source of genetic diversity for crop improvement. However, gene flow from cultivated species into wild species may prove detrimental. Introgression may lead to changes in wild species by incorporating alleles from domesticated species, which may increase the likelihood of extinction. The objective of the present study is to analyze how genetic diversity is distributed within and among populations of the wild rice species Oryza glumaepatula in Costa Rica. We also evaluated if there is evidence of introgression between wild rice and commercial varieties of O. sativa since it is cultivated commonly in close proximity to wild rice populations. Individuals from all known O. glumaepatula populations in Costa Rica were collected. With the aid of 455 AFLP markers, we characterized the genetic diversity and structure among seven populations in northern Costa Rica. Given the dominant nature of our markers, Bayesian estimates of genetic structure were used. We also compared genetic diversity estimates between O. glumaepatula individuals and O. sativa commercial rice. Our results show that O. glumaepatula populations in Costa Rica have moderately high levels of genetic diversity, comparable to those found in South American populations. This is likely a result of large population size. Despite the restricted distributions of this wild species, in Costa Rica most populations are composed of several thousand individuals, thus reducing the effects of drift on genetic diversity. Our results also found low but significant structure (\theta=0.03±0.001) among populations that are separated by ~10 Km within a single river. The position of the population along the river did not influence genetic diversity estimates or differences among populations. This river does not have a strong current and meadows or seeds may easily move upstream, thus homogenizing genetic diversity across populations regardless of river position. Ample gene flow through pollen, seeds or detached culms within the same river reduces genetic structure. A Bayesian structure analysis showed that individuals from two populations share a significant proportion of their genomes with O. sativa genome. These results suggest that the low levels of genetic structure found in these populations are likely the result of introgression from cultivated O. sativa populations. These results expose an important biohazard as recurrent hybridization may reduce genetic diversity of this wild rice species. Introgression may transfer
Connective Open Online Course (COOC) with the intention on practical using for education reformation process in Vietnam. Index Terms—Connectivism, connective open online course (COOC), learning ecosystem, MOOC

Connectivism is new learning theory that is expanding traditional learning theories (behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism) in the world that deeply impacted by internet and technology. This paper is intended to highlight some ideas extracted from connectivism and using them for suggesting the models of Learning Ecosystem and Connective Open Online Course (COOC) with the intention on practical using for education reformation process in Vietnam.
Sex and Caste Specific Eye Structures in Stingless Bees and Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Trigonidae, Apidae)

Ribi, W A. [MPI BioI. Kybern . , D-7400 Tiibingen], Engels, E. & W. [Zool . Inst . , Univ. , D-7400 Tiibin­ gen]: Sex and Caste specific Eye Structures in Stingless Bees and Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Trigonidae, Apidae). Entomol. Gener. 1 4 (3/4): 233-242; Stuttgart 1 989. [Article]. Morph-specific structural differences of the compound eyes and the ocelli were studied by means of cor­ neal replicas, semi-thin sections, and SEM. Drones have enlarged compound eyes, especially in the honey bee, with a region of large ommatidia in the fronto-dorso-medial part. In male stingless bees and in workers and queens of both stingless and honey bees, this region points in fronto-ventro-medial direc­ tion. The possible role of the corresponding visual fields in detection of flowers and mates is discussed with special reference to mating biology. Localization of the queen by the drones during the nuptial flight apparently depends more on visual cues in honey bees, and more on pheromonal signals in stingless bees. The relatively large male ocelli in the stingless bee possibly are important for measuring critical light intensities for leaving drone aggregations in time before dusk. The visual system in general seems to be less derived in the queen morpho
Welfare Theorema and Core Equivalence without Divisible Goods

We study economies where all commodities are indivisible at the individual level, but perfectly divisible at the aggregate level. Paper (fiat) money which does not influence agents preferences may be used to facilitate exchange. In a parallel paper (Florig and Rivera (2002), we introduced a competitive equilibrium notion for such a set up called rationing equilibrium. Here, we will establish welfare theorema and a core equivalence result for this equilibrium notion.
COMPUTATION OF GREEKS IN MULTI-FACTOR MODELS WITH APPLICATIONS TO POWER AND COMMODITY MARKETS

We study the computation of the Greeks of options written on assets modelled by a multi-factor dynamics. For this purpose, we apply the conditional density method in which the knowledge of the density of one factor is enough to derive expressions for the Greeks not involving any differentiation of the payoff function. Several examples are given in applications to power and commodity markets, including numerical examples.
Optimizing the Design of Flexible PTB7:PC71BM Bulk- Heterojunction and P3HT:SiNW Hybrid Organic Solar Cells

The design of flexible PTB7:PC71BM bulk-heterojunction and P3HT:SiNW hybrid organic solar cells are optimized for maximum photovoltaic performance. The thickness of each layer is optimized for maximum photon absorption in the active layer of a bulk-heterojunction organic solar cell with structure, PET/PEDOT:PSS/TFB/PTB7:PC71BM/Ca and that of a hybrid solar cell with structure, PET/PEDOT:PSS/TFB/P3HT:SiNW/Ca. The optimal design thus obtained produces a power conversion efficiency of 12.87% in the bulk-heterojunction and 4.70% in hybrid solar cell. High photon absorbance is found to occur within a wide range of the solar spectrum for PTB7:PC71BM bulk-heterojunction organic solar cell while a high transmittance and reflectance is found in the P3HT:SiNW hybrid solar cell. This difference may be attributed to the wide band gap of P3HT and mismatch between the electron and hole mobilities in the hybrid solar cell. Nevertheless, the optimized design of the hybrid solar produces a power conversion efficiency greater than 50% measured experimentally.
CD8α[superscript +] Dendritic Cells Are the Critical Source of Interleukin-12 that Controls Acute Infection by Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites

Citation Mashayekhi, Mona, Michelle M. Sandau, Ildiko R. Dunay, Eva M. Frickel, Asis Khan, Romina S. Goldszmid, Alan Sher, et al. “CD8[superscript +] Dendritic Cells Are the Critical Source of Interleukin-12 That Controls Acute Infection by Toxoplasma Gondii Tachyzoites. ” Immunity 35, no. 2 (August 2011): 249–259. As Published http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.immuni. 2011.08. 008 Publisher Elsevier/Cell Press
On the Causality among Social Insurance Burden Rate, Health Care Expenditures and Public Pension

insurance system have been financed through social insurance premiums paid by the working generations. In this environment, many researchers are concerned about how to pay for health care expenditures and limit the public pension burden. This study focuses on health care expenditures and public pension benefits because these costs occupy large shares of social security in Japan. In 1973, a revision of the Welfare Law for the Aged eliminated health care fees for the elderly. Our question is what happened next. Did the social insurance burden rate increase? Did health care expenditures rise because of public pension wealth increase? Since the inception of the universal health insurance system, the causal relationship between public pension benefits and health care expenditures in On the Causality among Social Insurance Burden Rate, Health Care Expenditures and Public Pension
Thermokarst lake waters across the permafrost zones of western Siberia

This work describes the hydrochemical composition of thermokarst lake and pond ecosystems, which are observed in various sizes with different degrees of permafrost influence and are located in the northern part of western Siberia within the continuous and discontinuous permafrost zones. We analysed the elemental chemical composition of the lake waters relative to their surface areas (from 10 to 10 6 m 2 ) and described the elemental composition of the thermokarst water body ecosystems in detail. We revealed significant correlations between the Fe, Al, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and various chemical elements across a latitude gradient covering approximately 900 km. Several groups of chemical elements that reflect the evolution of the studied water bodies were distinguished. Combining the data for the studied latitude profile with the information available in the current literature demonstrated that the average dissolved elemental concentrations in lakes with different areas depend specifically on the latitudinal position, which is presumably linked to (1) the elements leached from frozen peat, which is the main source of the solutes in thermokarst lakes, (2) marine atmospheric aerosol depositions, particularly near the sea border and (3) short-range industrial pollution by certain metals from the largest Russian Arctic smelter. We discuss the evolution of the chemical compositions observed in thermokarst lakes during their formation and drainage and predict the effect that changing the permafrost regime in western Siberia has on the hydrochemistry of the lakes.
Compact Microstrip Magnetic Yagi Antenna and Array with Vertical Polarization Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide

A compact magnetic Yagi antenna and a four-element array with vertically polarized radiation are presented using the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The SIW functions as driven element to generate vertically polarized wave. Microstrip patches are connected to ground plane function as magnetic dipole directors. With this arrangement, a compact magnetic Yagi antenna with vertically polarized radiation is designed. The total area is only 1. 58λ1 × 0. 95λ1 (λ1 represents the wavelength at 9.5 GHz) and reduced by 63.1% compared to previous magnetic Yagi antenna. The relative bandwidth is 16.15% and peak gain 7.31 ∼ 8.82 dBi. Then the four-element linear array is analyzed, fabricated and measured. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the array antenna still preserves vertical polarization, and the peak gain is 14.06 ∼ 14.78 dBi in the relative bandwidth of 14.43%.
Turbulent mixing induced by nonlinear internal waves in Mono Lake, California

Describing the spatial and temporal occurrence of turbulent mixing and the mechanisms of turbulence production are fundamental problems in physical limnology and oceanography. Here we present results from Mono Lake, California, that illustrate pronounced steepening of the pycnocline upon cessation of strong wind forcing and the enhanced turbulence resulting from this nonlinearity. Three events occurred with wind speed of >10 m s−1. Upwind, the upper pycnocline upwelled, but on relaxation of the wind, it downwelled 6–10 m and compressed. The similarity of wave amplitude during compression to mixed layer depth and Lake numbers <4 were indicative of significant nonlinearity. Energy in the internal wave field increased by two orders of magnitude, but ~50% of the energy was lost within 24 h. The largest energy losses occurred at low frequencies rather than via an energy flux from low to moderate and high frequencies. Eddy diffusivities, computed over 6‐d intervals using the heat budget method, averaged ~10−6 m2 s−1 in the energized pycnocline but were five to 10 times higher during the initial upwelling and downwelling periods. Microstructure casts, taken 1‐2 d after the first event, revealed that the percentage of the pycnocline that was turbulent varied with bottom slope, being 80% turbulent where bottom slopes were up to 10%, 60% where bottom slopes were 3%, and less than 7% where bottom slopes were ~0.1%. The threshold for turbulent transport was exceeded only 10% of the time and only where bottom slopes were highest.
Preferences for Learning and Skill Development at Work: Comparison of Two Generations

The changing economic conditions of the current dyna mic and insecure labour market make learning a constant preoccupation of the workforce with view of meeting the gro- wing qualiÞ cation demands. These demands are likely to ins uence the work preferences of both young people now entering the labour market and older people with established career paths. Research Þ ndings suggest that the younger generation exhibits a stronger orientation towards learning and skill development as compared to the older generations. Moreover, studies show that the younger people are more ready to leave the organiza- tion when they have better learning opportunities elsewhere. The present study aims at establishing how preferences for learning and skill development in the workplace relate to a number of job and organizational characteristics. Particular focus is placed on the predictive capacity of perceived learning opportunities towards the tendency to leave the organization for either of the two generations. The study addresses work preferences of two generations in the Bulgarian labour market. To this aim, 121 respondents answered a 55-item questionnaire consisting of newly developed scales as well as scales based on or adopted from standardized instruments such as the Extended Delft Measurement Kit (Roe et al., 2000). Contrary to Þ ndings from previous research done in countries with different cultural and socio-economic background, the older people in our sample were more eager to learn and more ready to leave their organization in pursuit of better opportunities, as compared to the younger generation. Another noteworthy conclusion is that the preferen- ces for learning and development form different patterns in each of the two age groups and are expressed in a different way for each of the two generations.
Reability Model Quality of Informations Systems

Multiparameter mechatronics product defect level nonlinear transformation models in continuous quality control, evaluating separate parameter and the whole product probability characteristics also first and second type errors, when products are classified, described in [1– 5]. Electronic tool [ET] quality level probabilistic models, expressed by separate parameters probabilistic characteristics, when defect levels by separate parameters are characterized using beta densities. Electronic tool quality level directly transformed probabilistic characteristics models from separate parameters probabilistic characteristics transformations and controlled parameters nomenclature variation are described in [6]. When ET are repaired immediately after control operation and returned for repeated control with localized repair operation [1] for fixed second type classification errors by different parameters. For analysis needs we will use defect ET probabilities by i-th parameter θi and good product probabilities ηi=1–θi characteristic models [6] repeatedly, when θi ~Be(bi, ai), ηi ~Be(bi, ai) – beta laws with parameters ai, bi: averages: