Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on Ambrosia. II: Effect of Certain Environmental Factors on Floral Development of Ambrosia elatior

1. This report is subsidiary to a genetical study on the floral types of Ambrosia elatior L. , recently published. 2. The effect of the environment was determined by comparing the ratios of floral types in treated cultures with a control derived from seed of the same plant of known breeding behavior. 3. The influence of the environment in altering the ratios varied with the strain employed. The monoecious form which is wide-spread in nature was very stable, and was affected only by an increase in photoperiod after floral buds had appeared. Other forms had the ratios of their floral types considerably altered by removal of plumules, by growth under a photoperiod of 20 and 24 hours, and by waterlogged soil. However, the type which predominated in the control always remained dominant in treated cultures. 4. Old staminate flowers of a few plants of different forms developed non-functional pistillate heads as a late season effect. 5. Diseased pistillate heads in the leaf axils developed anthers in supernumerary bracts.
An Investigation of the Irish Ray Fishery in ICES Divisions VIIa and VIIg

A study of the mixed-species ray fishery off the east and southeast coast of Ireland was carried out between 1997 and 1998, which involved port sampling and collection of commercial transactions data and official logbook data. Several years of commercial transactions data collected allowed seasonal trends in the relative abundance of the commercial size grades to be deciphered. Catch composition by species and sex was determined for the entire ray landings of individual vessels in the fishery during each port sampling occasion. Biological data were collected from 17 450 rays during 1997 and these data were used to reconstruct the size and age structure of the population at the species level. Each species had a narrow age distribution, generally ranging from 2 to 8 years. Total mortality estimates (Z1) derived from catch curves were high, ranging from 0.456 for female Raja brachyura to 1.110 for male Raja montagui, but were generally lower than the total instantaneous mortality derived, with the exception of male R. montagui (Z1 = 0.813). Demographic analysis, using life tables, revealed that, with the exception R. montagui (r = -0.045), each of the commercial species had positive population growth, ranging from r = 0.125 for R. clavata to r = 0.224 for R. brachyura. The results of the analyses are discussed with respect to previous studies and observed trends in the fishery.
KCTD15 Protein Expression in Peripheral Blood and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Leukocytes are major cellular components of the inflammatory and immune response systems. After their generation in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells, they maturate as granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and lymphocytes. The abnormal accumulation and proliferation of immature blood cells (blasts) lead to severe and widespread diseases such as leukemia. We have recently shown that KCTD15, a member of the potassium channel tetramerization domain containing protein family (KCTD), is remarkably upregulated in leukemic B-cells. Here, we extend our investigation by monitoring the KCTD15 expression levels in circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes, as well as in leukemia cells. Significant differences in the expression level of KCTD15 were detected in normal lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. Interestingly, we also found overexpression of the protein following leukemic transformation in the case of myeloid cell lineage. Indeed, KCTD15 was found to be upregulated in K562 and NB4 cells, as well as in HL-60 cell lines. This in vitro finding was corroborated by the analysis of KCTD15 mRNA of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients reported in the Microarray Innovations in Leukemia (MILE) dataset. Collectively, the present data open interesting perspectives for understanding the maturation process of leukocytes and for the diagnosis/therapy of acute leukemias.
Light and temperature thresholds for take-off by aphids.

Migratory flights by aphids can begin only when weather, especially light and temperature, permits take-off. For example light and temperature thresholds for take-off restrict the flight of Aphisfabae leaving its host plant within the daylight hours (Johnson & Taylor 1957). Once airborne, the temperature thresholds for continued flight differ considerably from those for take-off (Cockbain 1961; Taylor 1963). Some species of aphid, notably Schizaphis graminum, have been repeatedly recorded as migrating long distances. Because of the time taken for such migration, aphids must fly for more than one period of daylight and several species, including S. graminum, have been sampled at 2000 ft (609 m) over Kansas during the night (Berry & Taylor 1968). Hence either flight must continue, or take-off occur, during the night when light and temperature are most likely to be limiting (Taylor 1965). There is little evidence about continued flight at very low light intensities (Halgren & Taylor 1968); we here consider whether nocturnal take-off can contribute to overnight flights. We measured light and temperature thresholds for take-off by several species of aphid, including Aphisfabae and Schizaphis graminum, to seek specific limiting values that may permit, or prevent, nocturnal take-off as a prelude to long distance migration. The experiments showed also that some alatae were unwilling to take flight a second time, no matter how short the first flight had been and that some did not take off, as expected, at the end of the teneral period (Taylor 1957). This complicates the presentation of the temperature thresholds and has led to a revision of the former view of migrant aphids discussed elsewhere (Shaw 1968a, b).
Accrual of Atherosclerotic Vascular Events in a Multicenter Inception Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cohort

In previous studies, atherosclerotic vascular events (AVEs) were shown to occur in ~10% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We undertook this study to investigate the annual occurrence and potential risk factors for AVEs in a multinational, multiethnic inception cohort of patients with SLE.
A heterodimeric SNX4–SNX7 SNX-BAR autophagy complex coordinates ATG9A trafficking for efficient autophagosome assembly

ABSTRACT The sorting nexins (SNXs) are a family of peripheral membrane proteins that direct protein trafficking decisions within the endocytic network. Emerging evidence in yeast and mammalian cells implicates a subgroup of SNXs in selective and non-selective forms of autophagy. Using siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9, we demonstrate that the SNX-BAR protein SNX4 is needed for efficient LC3 (also known as MAP1LC3) lipidation and autophagosome assembly in mammalian cells. SNX-BARs exist as homo- and hetero-dimers, and we show that SNX4 forms functional heterodimers with either SNX7 or SNX30 that associate with tubulovesicular endocytic membranes. Detailed image-based analysis during the early stages of autophagosome assembly reveals that SNX4–SNX7 is an autophagy-specific SNX-BAR heterodimer, required for efficient recruitment and/or retention of core autophagy regulators at the nascent isolation membrane. SNX4 partially colocalises with juxtanuclear ATG9A-positive membranes, with our data linking the autophagy defect upon SNX4 disruption to the mis-trafficking and/or retention of ATG9A in the Golgi region. Taken together, our findings show that the SNX4–SNX7 heterodimer coordinates ATG9A trafficking within the endocytic network to establish productive autophagosome assembly sites, thus extending knowledge of SNXs as positive regulators of autophagy. Summary: A heterodimeric SNX4–SNX7 SNX-BAR complex regulates mammalian autophagosome assembly through the control of ATG9 trafficking.
Fibronectin rescues aberrant phenotype of endothelial cells lacking either CCM1, CCM2 or CCM3

Loss‐of‐function variants in CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2, and CCM3/PDCD10 are associated with autosomal dominant cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated CCM3 inactivation in human endothelial cells (ECs) has been shown to induce profound defects in cell‐cell interaction as well as actin cytoskeleton organization. We here show that CCM3 inactivation impairs fibronectin expression and consequently leads to reduced fibers in the extracellular matrix. Despite the complexity and high molecular weight of fibronectin fibrils, our in vitro model allowed us to reveal that fibronectin supplementation restored aberrant spheroid formation as well as altered EC morphology, and suppressed actin stress fiber formation. Yet, fibronectin replacement neither enhanced the stability of tube‐like structures nor inhibited the survival advantage of CCM3−/− ECs. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated introduction of biallelic loss‐of‐function variants into either CCM1 or CCM2 demonstrated that the impaired production of a functional fibronectin matrix is a common feature of CCM1‐, CCM2‐, and CCM3‐deficient ECs.
Anticipatory coping: how women deal with the hassles of living with multiple sclerosis

Abstract Background People living with MS confront a variety of changes and challenges that need to cope with. The aim of this study was to explore the coping patterns related to the impact of MS on people’s lives including; daily, family, and social functions. Methods A constructivist grounded theory approach was taken. A purposive sample of 16 women living with MS were recruited from a MS clinic at a teaching hospital in the north of Iran. Participants completed 22 semi-structured interviews. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed and analyzed using initial, focused and theoretical coding. Results Participants described coping with a certain pattern that reflected direction and orientation of coping. Anticipating outcomes related to disease, self or others led the participants to plan ahead to deal with the challenges of living with MS. Indeed, they develop and employed anticipatory coping in disease-directed, self-directed and other-directed. Then they focused on the orientation of coping patterns, which involved actions, reactions, and interactions in order to manage anticipated outcomes. Conclusion The majority of participants used coping pattern that were anticipatory rather than a reactionary to past or present challenges. The results highlight the value of engaging with people with MS in order to identify ways that they cope with the impact of this condition. This is an important distinction and one that health professionals not only need to be aware of but highlights the value of engaging with people with MS in this frame to develop informed and positive approaches to anticipated outcomes and in responding to anticipated changes and challenges. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION People develop the pattern of anticipatory coping in order to deal with issues related to the disease, self and others that they anticipate will happen in order to manage potential dysfunctions related to living with multiple sclerosis. People living with MS employ anticipatory coping based on existing and anticipated abilities and disabilities in order to maintain normality for as long as possible in daily, family and social activities. Proactive approaches to dealing with MS can be promoted in a number of ways, for example through support groups, social media or the development of networks with the aim of providing peer support and education. Developing rehabilitation programmes that reflect individual responses to living with MS would improve the ability of healthcare systems to meet clients’ needs related to adjusting to living with a chronic condition.
Seed Number and 100-Seed Weight of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Respond Differently to Low Soil Moisture in Genotypes Contrasting for Drought Tolerance

Water stress after flowering, one of the major factors limiting yields of pearl millet, affects both seed setting and grain filling and is a consequence of more/less water used prior to anthesis. However, whether genotypes have different sensitivities for seed setting and filling under drought, if exposed to similar stress intensity, is unclear. Experiments were conducted in two pairs of pearl millet genotypes, that is, PRLT2/89-33 and H77/833-2, 863B and 841B, contrasting for terminal drought tolerance, and two genotypes, ICMR 01046 and ICMR 01029 (IL-QTLs), introgressed with a terminal drought tolerance QTL from PRLT2/89- 33 into H77/833-2. Total seed weight, panicle number, 100-seed weight, seed number and stover biomass were measured at different soil moistures and throughout grain filling. Sensitive H77/833-2 had higher seed number and yield under well-watered (WW) conditions than in PRLT2/89-33 and IL-QTLs. Upon increases in water stress intensity, H77/833-2 suffered losses mostly in stover biomass (45 %) and seed number (60 %) at 0.3 FTSW whereas the biomass and seed number of PRLT2/89-33 decreased little (20 % and 25 %). The 100-seed weight of H77/833-2 decreased only 20 % under stress. Tolerant 863B also maintained a higher seed number and biomass under water stress than 841B. Grain filling duration in PRLT2/89-33 and IL-QTLs was similar to that of H77/833-2 under WW conditions but lasted longer than in H77833-2 under water stress (WS). Similarly, seed growth of 863B was longer than 841B under WS. It is concluded that the higher seed yield of tolerant parents PRLT2/89-33 and 863B, and of ILQTLs under WS was explained by the retention of a higher number of seeds than in sensitive lines, while the decrease in the 100-seed weight was proportionally less than the decrease in seed number. Phenotype with lesser number and larger size of panicles and larger grain size, like genotypes PRLT2/89-33 and 863B, withstood post-anthesis water stress better. IL-QTL inherited part of these characteristics, indicating a role for the terminal drought QTL in maintaining larger seed number and higher 100-seed weight. The continuous stover biomass increase under WW in H77/833-2, due to tillering, might indicate that tiller growth and grains are in competition for resources after anthesis, and this may relate to the relatively shorter grain-filling period.
Foraging Activity and Capture Rate of Large Nearctic Shorebirds Wintering at a Tropical Coastal Lagoon

Abstract. Winter foraging ecology of Marbled Godwit (Limosa fedoa), Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus), Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) and Willet (Tringa semipalmata) was studied in relation to conspecific density at Estero de Urías, a tropical coastal lagoon in northwestern Mexico. Specifically, the effect of ecological factors in relation to individual prey capture rates for Marbled Godwits and both Numenius spp. was examined. There was a consistent, inverse relationship between conspecific density and foraging activity, but the slope differed among species. The inverse relationship suggests that conspecific density was an important determinant of individual foraging behavior and habitat use across species. For Marbled Godwits, prey capture rate was positively correlated with conspecific density and water depth, but negatively correlated with tidal height, at least during spring tides. In contrast, for both Numenius spp. , prey capture rate was significantly higher for territorial birds and tactile foragers, in the case of Curlews, but was independent of tidal conditions. When neap tides resulted in reduced foraging time budget, Marbled Godwits increased prey capture rate, but Numenius spp. , did not. Differences in foraging mode, availability of preferred prey in relation to water depth, as well as handling time of prey, could drive these distinct patterns between godwits and both Numenius spp. These results support suggestions that the increased conspecific density during periods of neap tides might explain the reduced prey capture rate of individuals with less competitive ability, especially within large shorebirds showing a sparse foraging distribution.
Pharmacological profile of LY301317, a potent and selective 5‐HT1A agonist

LY301317 ((4r)‐(−)‐4‐(dipropylamino)‐6‐(5‐oxazolinyl)‐1,3,4,5‐tetrahydrobenz[c,d]indole) has high affinity for the 5‐HT1A receptor and weak affinity for the 5‐HT1D and histamine‐H1 receptors. No significant affinity was found for the other amine receptors studied. In rats, LY301317 produced potent in vivo effects that are characteristic of compounds with agonist activity at the 5‐HT1A receptor, such as an increase in serum corticosterone concentration, a reduction in 5‐HIAA concentration in brain tissue, induction of flat body posture and lower lip retraction (components of a serotonin syndrome), and a decrease of core body temperature. In pigeons trained to discriminate 8‐hydroxy‐2‐(di‐n‐propylamino)‐tetralin (8‐OH‐DPAT) from saline, full generalization to LY301317 was observed. LY301317 increased punished responding in both the pigeon and rat conflict tests for anxiolytic activity. LY301317 reduced immobility in the rat forced swim model used to indicate potential antidepressant activity. In pigeons, LY301317 blocked emesis induced by a chemical (ditolyguanidine), by a 5‐HT3 agonist (m‐(chlorophenyl)‐biguanide), and by an oncolytic agent (cisplatin), as well as vomiting induced by conditioning to environmental stimuli (a model of anticipatory nausea and vomiting). In addition, LY301317 blocked cisplatin‐ and ipecac‐induced vomiting in the dog and motion‐induced emesis in the cat. It was concluded that LY301317 is an orally active, potent, and selective agonist for the 5‐HT1A receptor with potential clinical utility as an anxiolytic, an antidepressant, and a broad‐spectrum antiemetic. Drug Dev. Res. 40:17–34, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compassion Focused Therapy for Body Weight Shame: A Mixed Methods Pilot Trial.

Individuals with bigger bodies (Body Mass Index > 30) often experience body weight shame, and are at increased risk for mental health vulnerabilities such as depression and anxiety. To date, there have been no studies specifically designed and pilot tested to help with body weight shame for individuals with bigger bodies that do not have a diagnosed clinical condition. The aim of current study is to investigate the initial feasibility of Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) as a 12-session group intervention for the reduction in body weight shame for individuals with bigger bodies. The study used a mixed methods repeated measures design, with both quantitative and qualitative measures, to assess the initial feasibility of the CFT group based intervention. Participants (N = 5) attended a 12-session/2-hour group CFT program aimed to directly target body weight shame by cultivating compassion. Measurements were conducted at three time points (pre-, post-, and three-month follow-up intervention). Results indicated that CFT had a positive impact on reducing body weight shame, increasing compassion, and improving health engaging behaviors. Qualitative feedback indicated the importance of the group dynamics to help with the de-shaming of body appearance for individuals. Results from this feasibility trial are promising and future research using randomized controlled trial methodologies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of CFT as a treatment option for body weight shame for individuals with bigger bodies.
Genetic mapping and QTL analysis of disease resistance traits in the barley population Baudin x AC Metcalfe

Agenetic map of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with 163 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 69 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed using a population of 178 doubled haploid lines from a cross between the varieties 'Baudin' and 'AC Metcalfe'. Linkage groups were assigned to barley chromosomes using published map locations of SSR markers as reference points. The total length of the map was 1307.2 cM with an average interval length of 5.6 cM between markers. The genetic map was used to locate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for several disease resistance traits. The population was tested for spot type net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. maculata, and net type net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres, in greenhouse experiments and in a range of field environments in Western Australia and Queensland. The response of the lines to leaf rust ( caused by Puccinia hordei L.) at adult plant growth stages was evaluated in Western Australia. Significant marker-trait associations were found for seedling resistance and symptom severity in adult plants to these diseases. A new locus conferring resistance to P. teres f. maculata at both seedling and adult plant stages was detected on the short arm of chromosome 6H. From the seedling testing against P. teres f. teres, five highly repeatable QTLs were detected, on chromosomes 2HS, 2HL, 3HS, 4HL, and 6HS. For leaf rust, one highly significant QTL was detected on chromosome 2HL. The markers within these QTL regions present an opportunity for marker-assisted selection for these traits in barley-breeding programs.
Changes in Overall Participation Profile of Youth with Physical Disabilities Following the PREP Intervention

The Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP), an environmental-based intervention, is effective in improving the participation of youth with disabilities in specific targeted activities; however, its potential impact on overall participation beyond these activities is unknown. This study examined the differences in participation levels and environmental barriers and supports following the 12-week PREP intervention. Existing data on participation patterns and environmental barriers and supports, measured by the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth, pre-and post-PREP intervention, were statistically analyzed across 20 youth aged 12 to 18 (mean = 14.4, standard deviation (SD) = 1.82) with physical disabilities in three settings: home, school and community. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d. Following PREP, youth participated significantly less often at home (d = 2.21; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [1.79, 2.96]), more often (d = 0.57; 95% CI [−0.79, −0.14]) and in more diverse activities (d = 0.51; 95% CI [−1.99, −0.51]) in the community. At school, significantly greater participation was observed in special school roles (t = −2.46. p = 0.024). Involvement and desire for change remained relatively stable across all settings. A substantial increase in community environmental supports was observed (d = 0.67), with significantly more parents reporting availability of, and access to information as a support (χ2 = 4.28, p = 0.038). Findings lend further support to the effectiveness of environmental-based interventions, involving real-life experiences.