Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric Polarization-Enhanced Photocatalysis in BaTiO3-TiO2 Core-Shell Heterostructures

Suppressing charge recombination and improving carrier transport are key challenges for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity of heterostructured photocatalysts. Here, we report a ferroelectric polarization-enhanced photocatalysis on the basis of BaTiO3-TiO2 core-shell heterostructures synthesized via a hydrothermal process. With an optimal weight ratio of BaTiO3 to TiO2, the heterostructures exhibited the maximum photocatalytic performance of 1.8 times higher than pure TiO2 nanoparticles. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the promotion of charge separation and transport based on the internal electric field originating from the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric BaTiO3. High stability of polarization-enhanced photocatalysis is also confirmed from the BaTiO3-TiO2 core-shell heterostructures. This study provides evidence that ferroelectric polarization holds great promise for improving the performance of heterostructured photocatalysts.
Associations between heart rate, perceived heart rate, and anxiety during acute psychological stress

ABSTRACT Background: Acute psychological stress elicits increases in heart rate (HR) and anxiety. Theories propose associations between HR, perceived HR, and anxiety during stress. However, anxiety is often measured as a unidimensional construct which limits a comprehensive understanding of these relationships. Objectives: This research explored whether HR reactivity or perceived HR change was more closely associated with cognitive and somatic anxiety during acute psychological stress. Design: Two laboratory-based studies were conducted. Methods: In a single laboratory session, healthy male (N = 71; study 1) and female (N = 70; study 2) university students completed three laboratory psychological stress tasks (counterbalanced), each with a preceding baseline. Heart rate, perceived HR change, and cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity and interpretation of anxiety symptoms were assessed immediately following each task. Data were aggregated across tasks. Results: Actual HR change was unrelated to anxiety intensity, but was associated with more debilitative interpretations of anxiety (study 2). Perceptions of HR change were consistently associated with greater intensity of cognitive (study 1) and somatic (study 1 and 2) anxiety. Conclusions: Perceived HR rather than actual HR is more closely associated with anxiety intensity during psychological stress. The findings have implications for stress management and the clinical treatment of anxiety symptoms.
Health professionals’ involvement of parents in decision-making in interprofessional practice at the hospital

ABSTRACT Health professionals have the responsibility of involving parents in decision-making regarding children’s healthcare. This is to ensure that healthcare is customised to meet children’s and families’ needs and preferences. There is inadequate knowledge about health professionals’ role in involving parents in these decisions in interprofessional practice in hospital settings. The aim of this study was to explore health professionals’ construction of the phenomenon of parental involvement in decision-making about children’s healthcare at the hospital and to identify how parental involvement can be improved. This explorative, descriptive qualitative study within a constructivist research paradigm selected a purposive sample of 12 health professionals who participated in individual semi-structured interviews. This qualitative data was used to construct a description of this phenomenon. The health professionals described ethical dilemmas and challenges related to parental involvement in decision-making while also providing technically safe, justifiable healthcare. Individual health professionals’ involvement of parents in decision-making and the intra- and interprofessional collaboration between health professionals seemed to be of great importance to increase parents’ active involvement in the co-production of children’s healthcare. Further research is required to confirm the findings for generalisation.
Artificial High Density Lipoprotein Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Research

Lipoproteins are endogenous nanoparticles which are the major transporter of fats and cholesterol in the human body. They play a key role in the regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular events. Lipoproteins can be modified and manipulated to act as drug delivery systems or nanocarriers for contrast agents. In particular, high density lipoproteins (HDL), which are the smallest class of lipoproteins, can be synthetically engineered either as nascent HDL nanodiscs or spherical HDL nanoparticles. Reconstituted HDL (rHDL) particles are formed by self-assembly of various lipids and apolipoprotein AI (apo-AI). A variety of substances including drugs, nucleic acids, signal emitting molecules, or dyes can be loaded, making them efficient nanocarriers for therapeutic applications or medical diagnostics. This review provides an overview about synthesis techniques, physicochemical properties of rHDL nanoparticles, and structural determinants for rHDL function. We discuss recent developments utilizing either apo-AI or apo-AI mimetic peptides for the design of pharmaceutical rHDL formulations. Advantages, limitations, challenges, and prospects for clinical translation are evaluated with a special focus on promising strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
Response to the note to editor: Comments on “transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs)”

Abstract In response to Dr. Yang et al.'s comments on our article “Transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs)”, additional details were provided regarding the analysis of the gene expression level (One-Way Between-Subject ANOVA) and correction for false discovery rate (FDR) (Benjamini-Hochberg). The gene expression analysis was performed again using the new release of the Transcriptome Analysis Console™ (version 4.0.1, Life Technologies – not available at the time our initial study was conducted), which integrates the Limma differential expression portion of the Bioconductor package. Overall similar results were obtained regarding the number of genes differentially expressed and the enrichment of genes in different Gene Ontology (GO) categories. The transcriptomic profiles induced in response to the three OH-derivatives were shown, again, to be similar to those induced by inhibitors of the brassinosteroid synthesis (i.e., brassinazole, propiconazole, and uniconazole), potentially resulting in iron deficiency in exposed plants. The new (and improved) method used for the selection of differentially expressed genes did not change the conclusion of our initial study, which suggested that the higher phytotoxicity of OH-derivatives, as compared to the parent compound 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl (2,5-DCB), may be explained by the inhibition of the brassinosteroid synthesis pathway.
Evaluation of Soil Moisture and Shear Deformation Based on Compression Wave Velocities in a Shallow Slope Surface Layer

Rainfall-induced landslides occur commonly in mountainous areas around the world and cause severe human and infrastructural damage. An early warning system can help people safely escape from a dangerous area and is an economical and effective method to prevent and mitigate rainfall-induced landslides. This paper proposes a method to evaluate soil moisture and shear deformation by compression wave velocities in a shallow slope surface layer. A new type of exciter and new receivers have been developed using a combination of micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers and the Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) algorithm, which can automatically calculate the elastic wave travel time with accuracy and reliability. Laboratory experiments using a multi-layer shear model were conducted to reproduce the slope failure. The relationships between wave velocities and soil moisture were found to be dependent on the saturation path (rain or drain); in other words, hysteresis was observed. The wave velocity ratio reduced by 0.1–0.2 when the volumetric water content (VWC) increased from 0.1 to 0.27 m3/m3. When loading the shear stress corresponding to slope angles of 24, 27, 29, or 31 degrees, a drop of 0.2–0.3 in wave velocity ratio was observed at the middle layer, and near 0.5 at the bottom layer. After setting the shear stress to correspond to a slope angle of 33 degrees, the displacement started increasing and finally, slope failure occurred. With increasing displacement, the wave velocities also decreased rapidly. The wave velocity ratio dropped by 0.2 after a displacement of 3 mm. Monitoring long-term elastic wave velocities in a slope surface layer allows one to observe the behavior of the slope, understand its stability, and then apply an early warning system to predict slope failure.
Developing Digital Mappaemundi: An Agile Mode for Annotating Medieval Maps

Digital Mappaemundi (DM) is a resource under development to create open source tools for scholars to edit and annotate image and textual data content as linked data, and for other users to search within this rich content. For the purposes of development, our data have been medieval mappaemundi ("maps of the world") and transcriptions of their geographical source texts. The second phase of DM's alpha development (2009-10) allows users to work with digital images of maps from medieval manuscripts, mark regions-of-interest within images, and associate textual annotations with those regions and then link one or more sets of digital texts to these regions, or target one or more words within these texts as targets to these regions. Scholars may create markers images with individual points, segmented lines, or custom polygonal shapes. Significantly, a scholar may identify any number of markers on any number of images as the targets for textual annotation and link them to any number of digital texts or locations within these texts. Additionally, a given marker may serve as the target for any number of textual annotations. Scholars may organize their annotations into groups called layers so that different research questions involving a single image may be addressed separately through annotation. Scholars may choose to view a single layer of annotation or view multiple layers of annotation overlaid on one another. A robust search function also allows users to organize the annotated content dynamically. At the time of this publication DM has undergone significant evolution in its phase three beta development, with applications for annotation and linked data beyond the original use case of medieval maps. For current functionality and features of the DM environment, as well as a list of medievalist projects using it, see http://ada.drew. edu/dmproject/ .
MVPA Analysis of Intertrial Phase Coherence of Neuromagnetic Responses to Words Reliably Classifies Multiple Levels of Language Processing in the Brain

Abstract Neural processing of language is still among the most poorly understood functions of the human brain, whereas a need to objectively assess the neurocognitive status of the language function in a participant-friendly and noninvasive fashion arises in various situations. Here, we propose a solution for this based on a short task-free recording of MEG responses to a set of spoken linguistic contrasts. We used spoken stimuli that diverged lexically (words/pseudowords), semantically (action-related/abstract), or morphosyntactically (grammatically correct/ungrammatical). Based on beamformer source reconstruction we investigated intertrial phase coherence (ITPC) in five canonical bands (α, β, and low, medium, and high γ) using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA). Using this approach, we could successfully classify brain responses to meaningful words from meaningless pseudowords, correct from incorrect syntax, as well as semantic differences. The best classification results indicated distributed patterns of activity dominated by core temporofrontal language circuits and complemented by other areas. They varied between the different neurolinguistic properties across frequency bands, with lexical processes classified predominantly by broad γ, semantic distinctions by α and β, and syntax by low γ feature patterns. Crucially, all types of processing commenced in a near-parallel fashion from ∼100 ms after the auditory information allowed for disambiguating the spoken input. This shows that individual neurolinguistic processes take place simultaneously and involve overlapping yet distinct neuronal networks that operate at different frequency bands. This brings further hope that brain imaging can be used to assess neurolinguistic processes objectively and noninvasively in a range of populations.
TRIM58 Restrains Intestinal Mucosal Inflammation by Negatively Regulating TLR2 in Myeloid Cells

Key Points TRIM58 interacts with TLR2, negatively regulating its expression in myeloid cells. Myeloid cell Trim58 deficiency increases susceptibility to acute colitis via Tlr2. Mucosal expression of human TRIM58 is reduced in active ulcerative colitis. Visual Abstract Balanced control of innate immune signaling in the intestine represents an important host defense mechanism to avoid inappropriate responses that may exacerbate mucosal injury in acute inflammation. In this study, we report that TRIM58, a RING E3-ubiquitin ligase, associates with TLR2. The interaction was found in a yeast two-hybrid screen (human leukocyte and mononuclear library) and confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation of tagged and endogenous proteins. TRIM58 was predominantly expressed by murine and human myeloid-derived cells. Stimulation with a TLR2 ligand modulated TRIM58 synthesis in myeloid cells. Overexpression of TRIM58, but only in presence of the RING domain, promoted proteasome-dependent degradation of TLR2, inhibiting its signaling activity. Genetic deletion of Trim58 in mice (Trim58−/−) led to impaired resolution of acute dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis, which was characterized by delayed recovery from colonic injury and associated with enhanced expression of TLR2 protein and proinflammatory cyto/chemokine production in inflamed colons. Using myeloid cell–specific deletion of Trim58 in mice, we demonstrated that the myeloid cell compartment was responsible for early colitis acceleration in Trim58 deficiency. In vitro studies revealed that Trim58−/− myeloid cells, which showed constitutive upregulation of TLR2 protein, overreacted to a proinflammatory milieu (TNF-α and IFN-γ) with increased IL-1β protein production, which mechanistically depended on Tlr2. Finally, we found that TRIM58 mRNA and protein expression levels were reduced in colonic specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis. In conclusion, we identify TRIM58 as a novel negative mediator of innate immune control and mucosal homeostasis via TLR2 signaling. Dysfunction of TRIM58 in myeloid cells may contribute to ulcerative colitis pathogenesis.
Perceived influence of power distance, psychological safety, and team cohesion on team effectiveness

ABSTRACT Interprofessional education needs a stronger theoretical basis informed by the challenges facing collaboration across professions. This study explores the impact of power distance (perception of role hierarchy), on team effectiveness as mediated by team cohesion and psychological safety (believe one can speak up without the fear of negative consequences). Furthermore, it tests for differences between medical and nursing students in these concepts. Final-year medical and nursing students completed a paper survey on study constructs at the end of a three-session, 6-h interprofessional critical care simulation activity. Two hundred and forty-three (76% response rate) retrospective surveys found the relationship between power distance and perceived team effectiveness was mediated by perceptions of team cohesion and psychological safety, suggesting these concepts influence desired interprofessional collaboration. There were no differences between medical and nursing students on study variables. While interprofessional training typically focuses on general attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration and on the acquisition and demonstration of knowledge and skills, these findings suggest important team concepts underlying effective collaboration may include perceptions of psychological safety and power distance. These concepts can be key drivers of cohesion and effectiveness during interprofessional simulation exercises and may be targets for future interventions.
Design and Implementation of an Integrated Result Processing System in a Networked Environment

Results processing is a continuous process of converting data (scores, grade points, credit units etc) into a definite and meaningful information such as statement of result, transcripts etc. These results are used to check the performance of each student in various courses. The current method of students’ academic results processing was found to be tedious and time consuming, especially when carried out for a large number of students. This makes the entire process cumbersome and error prone. A computer software application was developed to facilitate the automated processing of the results. The software was developed using HTML5, CSS8, Java Script for client side, PHP (Hypertext Pre-Processor) as server side programming language and MySqli (My Structural Query Language Imroved) as relational database. This language was chosen because of its flexibility and features for developing online based applications. WAMP (Window Apache MySql and PHP) server was used for local hosting and testing. The data used for testing was obtained from the Department of Computer Science. The developed software was tested and found to perform well and produced expected results on completion. With this, it was possible to compute Grade Point Average (GPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) for each student based on examination scores entered or uploaded. The new system offers some qualities such as reduction in the cost of processing of information, reduction in time spent in computing GPA and generating transcripts, increase in accuracy and efficiency, and elimination of redundancies.
Association Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Motor Function in Ambulant and Nonambulant Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients

This cross-sectional study assessed health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in ambulant and nonambulant patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and explored the association between health-related quality of life and clinically assessed motor function. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scale and PedsQL Neuromuscular module were completed by 34 parent-child dyads. Association between PedsQL scores and overall motor abilities and the transfers and standing posture domain measured by the Motor Function Measure were examined. Child self-reported and parent proxy-reported mean PedsQL scores for children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy were lower than those for healthy children for the physical and psychosocial health-related quality of life. Fifty-six percent of patients reported clinically impaired psychosocial health-related quality of life scores. Several aspects of the generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy were positively associated to overall motor function and transfers and standing posture domain. Associations remained stable when adjusted for age and corticosteroid use. The Motor Function Measure is clinically meaningful in the context of a patient’s day-to-day life.
Repeated Sport-Related Concussion Shows Only Minimal White Matter Differences Many Years After Playing High School Football

Abstract Objective: Multiple concussions sustained in youth sport may be associated with later-life brain changes and worse cognitive outcomes. We examined the association between two or more concussions during high school football and later-life white matter (WM) microstructure (i.e., 22–47 years following football retirement) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Method: Forty former high school football players aged 40–65 who received 2+ concussions during high school football (N = 20), or denied concussive events (N = 20) were recruited. Participants underwent neurocognitive testing and DTI scanning. Results: Groups did not statistically differ on age, education, or estimated pre-morbid intelligence. Tract-based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) correcting for Family-Wise Error (FWE)(p < .05) did not yield differences between groups at the whole-brain level. Region of interest analyses showed higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) in the concussed group compared to the non-concussed former players. More liberal analyses (i.e., p < .001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons, ≥8 voxels) also revealed that former players endorsing 2+ concussions had higher MD in the ALIC. Analyses that covaried for age did not reveal differences at either threshold. Concussive histories were not associated with worse cognitive functioning, nor did it impact the relationship between neuropsychological scores and DTI metrics. Discussion: Results suggest only minimal neuroanatomical brain differences in former athletes many years following original concussive injuries compared to controls.
Enhancing efficiency and scientific impact of a clinical trials network: the Pediatric Heart Network Integrated CARdiac Data and Outcomes (iCARD) Collaborative

Abstract Recent years have seen an exponential increase in the variety of healthcare data captured across numerous sources. However, mechanisms to leverage these data sources to support scientific investigation have remained limited. In 2013 the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN), funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, developed the Integrated CARdiac Data and Outcomes (iCARD) Collaborative with the goals of leveraging available data sources to aid in efficiently planning and conducting PHN studies; supporting integration of PHN data with other sources to foster novel research otherwise not possible; and mentoring young investigators in these areas. This review describes lessons learned through the development of iCARD, initial efforts and scientific output, challenges, and future directions. This information can aid in the use and optimisation of data integration methodologies across other research networks and organisations.