Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Fuzzy Binning for Near-duplicate Image Retrieval: Combining Fuzzy Histograms and SIFT Keypoints

: Near-duplicate image retrieval is still a challenging task, especially due to issues with matching quality and performance. Most existing approaches use high dimensional vectors based on local features such as SIFT keypoints to represent images. The extraction and matching of these vectors to detect near-duplicates are time and memory consuming. Global features such as color histograms can strongly reduce the dimensionality of image vectors and signiﬁcantly accelerate the matching process. On the other hand, they strongly decrease the quality of the retrieval process. In this work, we propose a hybrid approach to improve the quality of retrieval and reduce the computation time by applying a robust ﬁltering process using global features optimized for recall followed by a ranking process optimized for precision. For efﬁcient ﬁltering we propose a fuzzy partition hue saturation (HS) histogram to retrieve a subset of near-duplicate candidate images. After that, we re-rank the top retrieved results by extracting the SIFT features. In order to evaluate the performance and quality of this hybrid approach, we provide results of a comparative performance analysis using the original SIFT-128 D , the HS color histogram, the fuzzy HS model (F-HS), the proposed fuzzy partition HS model (FP-HS) and the combination of the proposed fuzzy partition HS histogram with the SIFT features using large scale image benchmark databases. The results of experiments show that applying the fuzzy partition HS histogram and re-rank the top results (only 6%) of the retrieved images) using the SIFT algorithm signiﬁcantly outperforms the use of the individual state of art methods with respect to computing efﬁciently and effectively.
Relative survival of gags Mycteroperca microlepis released within a recreational hook-and-line fishery: Application of the Cox Regression Model to control for heterogeneity in a large-scale mark-recapture study

From June 2009 through December 2012 fishery observers were placed on charter and headboat vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico to directly observe reef fishes as they were caught by recreational anglers fishing with hook-and-line gear. The objective of this study was to relate injuries and impairments measured directly from gags Mycteroperca microlepis caught and released within the recreational fishery to subsequent mark-recapture rates. Due to the large spatial and temporal scales of the study design, it could not be assumed that encounter probabilities were equal for all individual tagged fish in the population. Also, changes in fishing effort following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill during 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico and drastically reduced recreational harvest seasons for gag during 2011 and 2012 were unanticipated during the design of this study. Therefore, it was necessary to control for potential covariates on encounter and recapture rates for gags tagged in different regions, different years, and different times of year. This analysis demonstrates the utility of the Cox regression proportional hazards model in comparing relative survival among gags released in various conditions while controlling for potential covariates on both the occurrence and timing of recapture events. A total of 3954 gags were observed in this study, and the majority (77.26%) were released in good condition (condition category 1), defined as fish that immediately submerged without assistance from venting and had not suffered internal injuries from embedded hooks or visible damage to the gills. However, compared to gags caught in shallower depths, a greater proportion of gags caught and released from depths deeper than 30 m were in fair or poor condition. Relative survival was significantly reduced (alpha <0.05) for gags released in fair and poor condition after controlling for variable mark-recapture rates among regions and across months and years when tagged fish were initially captured and released. Gags released within the recreational fishery in fair and poor condition were only 66.4% (95% C.I. 46.9–94.0%) and 50.6% (26.2–97.8%) as likely to be recaptured, respectively, as gags released in good condition. Overall discard mortality was calculated for gags released in all condition categories at 10 m depth intervals. There was a significant linear increase in estimated mortality from less than 15% (range of uncertainty, 0.1–25.2%) in shallow depths . 7%) a 2 to 30 m, to 35.6% (5.6–55
Refining predictions of metacommunity dynamics by modelling species non-independence.

Predicting the dynamics of biotic communities is difficult because species' environmental responses are not independent, but covary due to shared or contrasting ecological strategies and the influence of species interactions. We used latent-variable joint species distribution models to analyse paired historical and contemporary inventories of 585 vascular plant species on 471 islands in the south-west Finnish archipelago. Larger, more heterogeneous islands were characterized by higher colonisation rates and lower extinction rates. Ecological and taxonomical species groups explained small but detectable proportions of variance in species' environmental responses. To assess the potential influence of species interactions on community dynamics, we estimated species associations as species-to-species residual correlations for historical occurrences, for colonisations, and for extinctions. Historical species associations could to some extent predict joint colonisation patterns, but the overall estimated influence of species associations on community dynamics was weak. These results illustrate the benefits of considering metacommunity dynamics within a joint framework, but also suggest that any influence of species interactions on community dynamics may be hard to detect from observational data.
Clinical chemistry tests for patients with COVID-19 – important caveats for interpretation

The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) has recently posted a list of laboratory tests for monitoring patients with COVID-19 (IFCC Information Guide on COVID-19; published Thursday, March 26: https://www.ifcc.org/ifcc-news/2020-03-26-ifcc-information-guide-on-covid-19/). Besides hematology (i.e. complete blood count) and coagulation (i.e. d-dimer and prothrombin time), the list also includes specific clinical chemistry tests for the biochemical monitoring of patients with COVID-19, which are supported by the initial clinical course of patients from Wuhan, China [1]. These tests have also been recently highlighted in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine [2] (Table 1). Importantly, the original list omits blood gas panels as well as urea, with the latter needed for the CURB-65 community-acquired pneumonia severity score used in the emergency setting [3]. We have added these tests to the list and have provided important caveats for the interpretation of these tests as preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical issues can affect interpretation. Briefly, for clinical chemistry tests related to liver function, there are preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical variables that can influence test interpretation [4–9]. Both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and
Personality disorders: The reformed classification in international classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11)

It is of the plain conclusions of education in psychiatry that no psychiatric evaluation is complete, until an understanding of the patient's personality together with its life-long challenges, development, and growth is acquired. However, guides of evaluating personality and diagnosing personality disorders are still on the way to become more and more practical. The current approach for personality disorders is based on syndrome-based classifications, mainly the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). The previous classification for personality disorders posed certain gaps and inconveniences; therefore, a reclassification of personality disorders was performed in the 11th revision of ICD. The current perspective article discusses the trend of personality disorders since its first introduction in psychiatry until its recent reclassification in ICD-11.
Predictors of perinatal death in the presence of missing data: A birth registry-based study in northern Tanzania

Background More than five million perinatal deaths occur each year globally. Despite efforts put forward during the millennium development goals era, perinatal deaths continue to increase relative to under-five deaths, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine predictors of perinatal death in the presence of missing data using birth registry data from Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), between 2000–2015. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study from the medical birth registry at KCMC referral hospital located in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15.1. Multiple imputation by fully conditional specification (FCS) was used to impute missing values. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to determine the marginal effects of covariates on perinatal death using a log link mean model with robust standard errors. An exchangeable correlation structure was used to account for the dependence of observations within mothers. Results Among 50,487 deliveries recorded in the KCMC medical birth registry between 2000–2015, 4.2% (95%CI 4.0%, 4.3%) ended in perinatal death (equivalent to a perinatal mortality rate (PMR) of 41.6 (95%CI 39.9, 43.3) deaths per 1,000 births). After the imputation of missing values, the proportion of perinatal death remained relatively the same. The risk of perinatal death was significantly higher among deliveries from mothers who resided in rural compared to urban areas (RR = 1.241, 95%CI 1.137, 1.355), with primary education level (RR = 1.201, 95%CI 1.083, 1.332) compared to higher education level, with <4 compared to ≥4 antenatal care (ANC) visits (RR = 1.250, 95%CI 1.146, 1.365), with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (RR = 2.638, 95%CI 1.997, 3.486), abruption placenta (RR = 4.218, 95%CI 3.438, 5.175), delivered a low birth weight baby (LBW) (RR = 4.210, 95%CI 3.788, 4.679), male child (RR = 1.090, 95%CI 1.007, 1.181), and were referred for delivery (RR = 2.108, 95%CI 1.919, 2.317). On the other hand, deliveries from mothers who experienced premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) (RR = 0.411, 95%CI 0.283, 0.598) and delivered through cesarean section (CS) (RR = 0.662, 95%CI 0.604, 0.724) had a lower risk of perinatal death. Conclusions Perinatal mortality in this cohort is higher than the national estimate. Higher risk of perinatal death was associated with low maternal education level, rural residence, <4 ANC visits, PPH, abruption placenta, LBW delivery, child’s sex, and being referred for delivery. Ignoring missing values in the analysis of adverse pregnancy outcomes produces biased covariate coefficients and standard errors. Close clinical follow-up of women at high risk of experiencing perinatal death, particularly during ANC visits and delivery, is of high importance to increase perinatal survival.
Fuzzy inference systems for segmented attenuation correction in positron emission tomography

Segmented attenuation maps can be either calculated from transmission data or with a limited accuracy from emission data. The authors developed two new methods based on adaptive fuzzy inference systems for the transmission segmentation (TSF, Transmission Segmentation by Fuzzy Inference) and for the segmentation of FDG emission images (ESF, Emission Segmentation by Fuzzy Inference). TSF: The main problem, which is the adaptation of the membership functions to the measured data, was solved by adjusting the system with the histogram fitting approach used in the authors' routine segmentation. The fuzzy system allows for a scan time reduction down to 40 s-50 s per bed position and is limited by a local bias in the center of the attenuation map. This system was additionally combined with local thresholding operators based on a fuzzy edge detection leading to accurate results even at 30 s. ESF: In uncorrected FDG emission images the lungs appear with a positive intensity compared to the background, which is almost zero. Based on this effect, ESF allows for an automatic segmentation of 18-FDG emission scans with an error of 10-15% in image quantification. Both methods were evaluated with the same phantom and simulated data, and compared with the authors' standard (Histogram Fitting Segmentation).
Genome Sequences of 12 Phages That Infect Klebsiella pneumoniae

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen responsible for significant proportions of nosocomial and health care-associated infections and is known to acquire multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Here, we announce the full genome sequences of 12 K. pneumoniae bacteriophages from samples collected in wastewater treatment facilities across the western United States. ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen responsible for significant proportions of nosocomial and health care-associated infections and is known to acquire multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Here, we announce the full genome sequences of 12 K. pneumoniae bacteriophages from samples collected in wastewater treatment facilities across the western United States.
Validation of the Korean Frailty Index in community-dwelling older adults in a nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort study

Background/Aims We aimed to assess validity of the Korean Frailty Index (KFI) and the modified KFI (mKFI) in nationwide Korean population as screening measures for frailty status in older adults. Methods Analysis was performed in the records of baseline assessments of 2,886 participants in the Korean Frailty Aging Cohort study from 2016 to 2017. The KFI included eight items on a history of hospitalization, self-reported health status, polypharmacy, weight loss, mood, incontinence, sensory problems, and timed up and go test. In mKFI, timed up and go test was replaced with a question whether a person can walk around a schoolyard. Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty scale was used as a gold standard. Results In study population (mean age, 76; 47.6% men), score of the KFI correlated with the CHS scale. The KFI correlated with common geriatric parameters including Activities of Daily Living, nutritional status, cognitive performance, and mood. As a construct validity, items of KFI correlated with CHS scale. As a criterion validity, sensitivity was 81.6%, specificity was 67.0% to predict frailty by CHS scale with the score of 3 or higher in KFI. The KFI and mKFI correlated with each other (R2 = 0.88), and prediction ability for frailty by CHS scale was not significantly differed between KFI and mKFI. Conclusions The KFI and mKFI are valid instruments for frailty screening and might be useful as simple frailty screening tools to identify older adults who might benefit from comprehensive geriatric assessment and integrated, multidisciplinary geriatric care services.
Experimental assessment of tree canopy and leaf litter controls on the microbiome and nitrogen fixation rates of two boreal mosses.

Nitrogen (N2 )-fixing moss microbial communities play key roles in nitrogen cycling of boreal forests. Forest type and leaf litter inputs regulate moss abundance, but how they control moss microbiomes and N2 -fixation remains understudied. We examined impacts of forest type and broadleaf litter on microbial community composition and N2 -fixation rates of Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi. We conducted a moss transplant and leaf litter manipulation experiment at three sites with paired paper birch (Betula neoalaskana) and black spruce (Picea mariana) stands in Alaska. We characterized bacterial communities using marker gene sequencing, determined N2 -fixation rates using stable isotopes (15 N2 ), and measured environmental covariates. Mosses native to and transplanted into spruce stands supported generally higher N2 -fixation and distinct microbial communities compared to similar treatments in birch stands. High leaf litter inputs shifted microbial community composition for both moss species and reduced N2 -fixation rates for H. splendens, which had the highest rates. N2 -fixation was positively associated with several bacterial taxa, including cyanobacteria. The moss microbiome and environmental conditions controlled N2 -fixation at the stand- and transplant-scales. Predicted shifts from spruce- to deciduous-dominated stands will interact with the relative abundances of mosses supporting different microbiomes and N2 -fixation rates, which could affect stand-level N inputs.
Acceptability of a Dyadic Psychoeducational Intervention for Patients and Caregivers.

PURPOSE To assess participants' acceptability of the FOCUS program, a psychoeducational intervention, delivered to multiple patient-caregiver dyads in a small-group format. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING A total of 72 adults diagnosed with cancer and their caregivers (36 dyads) who participated in 1 of 11 FOCUS programs delivered at two Cancer Support Community affiliates. METHODOLOGIC APPROACH A pre-/postintervention design was used to implement the FOCUS program. The FOCUS Satisfaction Instrument measured participants' satisfaction with the program, usefulness of the materials, helpfulness in coping with cancer, duplication of services, willingness to recommend the program to others, and the most and least beneficial aspects. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and content analysis were used. FINDINGS Most participants reported that the program did not duplicate services, that it helped them cope with cancer, and that they would recommend the program to others. The most beneficial aspects of the program were the group format and the dyadic approach. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING A group format and dyadic approach to address the psychosocial impact of cancer is highly valued by individuals with cancer and their caregivers. Nurses are well positioned to lead implementation of programs like the FOCUS program that complement other cancer support services.
Touch and social support influence interpersonal synchrony and pain

Abstract Interpersonal touch and social support can influence physical health, mental well-being and pain. However, the mechanisms by which supportive touch promotes analgesia are not well understood. In Study 1, we tested how three kinds of social support from a romantic partner (passive presence, gentle stroking and handholding) affect pain ratings and skin conductance responses (SCRs). Overall, support reduced pain ratings in women, but not men, relative to baseline. Support decreased pain-related SCRs in both women and men. Though there were no significant differences across the three support conditions, effects were largest during handholding. Handholding also reduced SCRs in the supportive partner. Additionally, synchronicity in couples’ SCR was correlated with reductions in self-reported pain, and individual differences in synchrony were correlated with the partner’s trait empathy. In Study 2, we re-analyzed an existing dataset to explore fMRI activity related to individual differences in handholding analgesia effects in women. Increased activity in a distributed set of brain regions, including valuation-encoding frontostriatal areas, was correlated with lower pain ratings. These results may suggest that social support can reduce pain by changing the value of nociceptive signals. This reduction may be moderated by interpersonal synchrony and relationship dynamics.
Activation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 in the central nervous system contributes to morphine-induced hyperalgesia and antinociceptive tolerance in rodents.

Morphine-induced alterations in sphingolipid metabolism in the spinal cord and increased formation of the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been implicated in the development of morphine-induced hyperalgesia (OIH; increased pain sensitivity) and antinociceptive tolerance. These adverse effects hamper opioid use for treating chronic pain and contribute to dependence and abuse. S1P produces distinct effects through five G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5) and several intracellular targets. How S1P exerts its effects in response to morphine remains unknown. Here, we report that S1P contributes to the development of OIH and tolerance through S1P1 receptor subtype 1 (S1PR1) signaling in uninjured male and female rodents that can be blocked by targeting S1PR1 with S1PR1 antagonists or RNA silencing. In mouse neuropathic pain models, S1PR1 antagonists blocked the development of tolerance to the anti-allodynic effects of morphine without altering morphine pharmacokinetics and prevented prolonged morphine-induced neuropathic pain. Targeting S1PR1 reduced morphine-induced neuroinflammatory events in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord: increased glial marker expression, mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and nuclear factor κB activation and increased inflammatory cytokine expression, such as interleukin-1β, a cytokine central in the modulation of opioid-induced neural plasticity. Our results identify S1PR1 as a critical path for S1P signaling in response to sustained morphine and reveal downstream neuroinflammatory pathways impacted by S1PR1 activation. Our data support investigating S1PR1 antagonists as a clinical approach to mitigate opioid-induced adverse effects and repurposing the functional S1PR1 antagonist FTY720, which is FDA-approved for multiple sclerosis, as an opioid adjunct.
Evaluation of anthropometric measures for assessment of cardiometabolic risk in early childhood

Abstract Objective: Waist-to-height ratio has been shown to be an important indicator of cardiometabolic risk. There are few studies evaluating this measure against existing measures of adiposity and cardiometabolic markers in early childhood. The objectives were: (i) to determine in young children the ability of waist-to-height ratio, BMI z-score, weight for length, and sum of skin fold thickness to predict cardiometabolic risk and (ii) to examine this association at ages 1, 3 and 5 years. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: A university hospital in Toronto, Ontario. Participants: Infants at 1 (n 406), 3 (n 112) and 5 years of age (n 94) born to mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. Results: Weight for length and BMI z-score demonstrated the strongest correlations with biochemical measures compared to waist-to-height ratio, including leptin (at 5 years, weight for length z-score: ρ = 0·65, P < 0·001; BMI z-score: ρ = 0·67, P < 0·001) and measures of insulin resistance (at 3 years, weight for length z-score: ρ = 0·25, P = 0·02; BMI z-score: ρ = 0·24, P = 0·02). The magnitude of associations between anthropometric measures and biochemical measures strengthened over time. Weight for length and BMI z-scores were moderately correlated with overall measures of fat mass as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (ρ = 0·65, P = 0·00; ρ = 0·61, P = 0·01). Conclusions: Waist-to-height ratio was not superior to existing measures in predicting cardiometabolic risk in young children. BMI z-score is a preferred measure of adiposity between birth and 5 years of age.