Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utility of cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test in the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the top 10 cause of death globally. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is an important clinical problem. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis range from 30%-53% in India. Diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is still challenging despite many investigations. World Health Organization recommends Gene-Xpert Mycobacterium Tuberculosis /Rifampicin (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test-CBNAAT) over conventional tests for diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis which permits rapid tuberculosis diagnosis through detection of the genetic sequence of DNA of mycobacterium tuberculosis and simultaneous identification of a majority of the mutations that confirm Rifampicin resistance which is highly predictive of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Methods: Study was carried out over a period of one year. Patients with suggestive of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were included in study. Diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis carried out by clinical, radiological, biochemical analysis, cytological, bacteriological confirmation. Based on mycobacterium tuberculosis result, the study population were divided into ‘ Mycobacterium Tuberculosis detected’ and ‘ Mycobacterium Tuberculosis not detected’ groups. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis detected group was further divided into ‘Rifampicin resistant’ and ‘Rifampicin sensitive’. Results: Total 220 patients were included. Among extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, there were 83.64% were pleural fluid. 65.91% patients where be <45 years of age. Mostly patients were from rural areas and illiterate. Diabetes Mellitus found as the most common co-morbidities. CB-NAAT was able to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis in 35% (77) extra-pulmonary samples, out of which 6 were rifampicin resistant. Out of 184 samples of pleural fluid, 53 were rifampicin sensitive and 4 were found rifampicin resistant. Conclusions: CB-NAAT has to be endorsed in every health care centres as the test gives rapid result and also detection of rifampicin resistance which is the major concern for every clinician.
The effects of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relation

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the moderating effects of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relation in emerging market firms. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the impacts by estimating the empirical model in which a firm’s accounting profitability is a dependent variable, while financial leverage, board size, board independence, CEO duality, CEO ownership, state ownership and the interaction variables are predictors. The paper uses the panel data set of 295 listed firms in Vietnam in the period 2011-2015 and two key econometric methods for panel data, namely, the two-stage least square instrumental variable and general moments method. Findings The paper finds the evidence for the significant and positive effect of board size, board independence and state ownership on the financial leverage–profitability relation. The effect of CEO duality on the financial leverage–profitability relation tends to be negative, and the impact CEO ownership inclines to be positive, although both of them are statistically insignificant. The results are consistent across different estimation methods. Originality/value This paper is the first investigating the moderating effect of various corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relationship in emerging market firms.
Cooperative Operation for Wind Turbines and Hydrogen Fueling Stations With On-Site Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen fueling stations (HFSs) will proliferate in the near future as they are prerequisites for the fast developing hydrogen-powered vehicles (HVs). The HFSs can utilize cheap renewable energy from, e.g., wind turbines (WTs), to generate and store hydrogen on site locally. Conventional studies usually ignore the independence of the WT and HFSs and perform joint operation optimization to them. This article, however, proposes a cooperative operation model for the WT and HFSs considering individual benefit. Nash bargaining theory is employed to deal with the energy trading and benefit sharing problems during the cooperation. In particular, the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is used to characterize the risk-preference degree of HFSs against the uncertainties of electricity price. Moreover, an improved benders decomposition (BD) algorithm is proposed to solve the energy trading problem in a distributed manner for privacy concern; while an analytical method is developed to solve the payment bargaining problem. Numerical experiments based on two case studies indicate that the cooperation can greatly reduce the hydrogen production cost for HFSs. In addition, the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm in the case studies.
Credit Risk Classification in Peer-to-Peer Marketplaces: The Nexus of Neural Network Approach

Financial innovation in recent years have prominently contributed to the growth of Peer-to-Peer lending marketplaces allowing individual and businesses to secure loans on a common internet-based network. Similar to the ‘bricks and mortar’ banking system, online lending is coupled with the problem of information asymmetry. Borrower risk assessment has henceforth become the major concerns of various platforms that aim to reducing information imbalance towards mitigating credit risk. In this article, authors compared two learning algorithms – Logistic regression and Artificial Neural Network to classify borrowers based on loan repayment schedule. We revealed that both approaches were robust in classifying late borrowers with logistic regression being 0.02% more robust than Neural Network. Regarding variable relative importance, gender is considered the least important variable whereas terms-of-repayment is the most important variable affecting borrowers’ intention to pay off loans. Even though our study contributes to existing literature, it is however not limited to determining factors that may affect lenders’ investment decision in social lending.
Characterization of complete mitochondrial genome of Hylarana guentheri (Anura: Ranidae) and its phylogenetic implication

Abstract The Günther’s frog (Hylarana guentheri) belongs to a member of the family Ranidae. We provide a complete mitogenome of H. guentheri and examine its phylogenetic position with other related species. Its mitogenome is a closed circular molecule 18,698 bp in length including 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA coding genes, two rRNA-coding genes, and a control region (CR) that are conserved in most Ranidae mitogenomes. The overall base composition of the H. guentheri mitogenome is 29.27% A, 30.45% T, 26.14% C, and 14.15% G, which is typical for Amphibious animals’ mitochondrial genomes. The alignment of the Ranidae species control regions showed high levels of genetic variation and abundant AT content. Seven tandem repeats were found in the control region. Phylogenetic analysis with Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood based on 13 protein-coding genes indicated that H. guentheri is more closely related to Nidirana okinavana than to Babina subaspera and B. holsti. The complete mitogenome of H. guentheri provides a potentially useful resource for further exploration of the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of Hylarana and related species.
The effect of leadership on organisational commitment: A meta-analysis

This research aims to investigate the effects of leadership behaviour of school principals on teachers’ organisational commitment in Turkey. The method of meta-analysis is used to calculate the effects size of leadership on teachers’ organisational commitment. Besides this, leadership style, publication type and publication year are used as moderators in order to explain variation in effect sizes. The analysis results of the random effect model showed that leadership has a very strong and positive effect on teachers’ organisational commitment. Particularly, supporting, democratic and transformational leadership styles affect organisational commitment of teachers more than other leadership approaches. However, except leadership styles, the other moderators chosen for the research are not a powerful determinant of the relationship between school leadership and organisational commitment. Keywords: Leadership, organisational commitment, meta-analysis.
Development of a soft cell confiner to decipher the impact of mechanical stimuli on cells

Emerging evidence suggests the importance of mechanical stimuli in normal and pathological situations for the control of many critical cellular functions. While the effect of matrix stiffness has been and is still extensively studied, few studies have focused on the role of mechanical stresses. The main limitation of such analyses is the lack of standard in vitro assays enabling extended mechanical stimulation compatible with dynamic biological and biophysical cell characterization. We have developed an agarose-based microsystem, the soft cell confiner, which enables the precise control of confinement for single or mixed cell populations. The rigidity of the confiner matches physiological conditions and enables passive medium renewal. It is compatible with time-lapse microscopy, in situ immunostaining, and standard molecular analyses, and can be used with both adherent and non-adherent cell lines. Cell proliferation of various cell lines (hematopoietic cells, MCF10A epithelial breast cells and HS27A stromal cells) was followed for several days up to confluence using video-microscopy and further documented by Western blot and immunostaining. Interestingly, even though the nuclear projected area was much larger upon confinement, with many highly deformed nuclei (non-circular shape), cell viability, assessed by live and dead cell staining, was unaffected for up to 8 days in the confiner. However, there was a decrease in cell proliferation upon confinement for all tested cell lines. The soft cell confiner is thus a valuable tool to decipher the effect of long-term confinement and deformation on the biology of cell populations. This tool will be instrumental in deciphering the impact of nuclear and cytoskeletal mechanosensitivity in normal and pathological conditions involving highly confined situations, such as those reported upon aging with fibrosis or during cancer. Graphical abstract A unique tool to analyze the role of long-term effect of mechanical confinement in normal and pathological conditions
3D-Reconstruction of the human conventional outflow system by ribbon scanning confocal microscopy

Purpose Risk for glaucoma is driven by the microanatomy and function of the anterior segment. We performed a computation-intense, high-resolution, full-thickness ribbon-scanning confocal microscopy (RSCM) of the outflow tract of two human eyes. We hypothesized this would reveal important species differences when compared to existing data of porcine eyes, an animal that does not spontaneously develop glaucoma. Methods After perfusing two human octogenarian eyes with lectin-fluorophore conjugate and optical clearance with benzyl alcohol benzyl benzoate (BABB), anterior segments were scanned by RSCM and reconstructed in 3D for whole-specimen rendering. Morphometric analyses of the outflow tract were performed for the trabecular meshwork (TM), limbal, and perilimbal outflow structures and compared to existing porcine data. Results RSCM provided high-resolution data for IMARIS-based surface reconstruction of outflow tract structures in 3D. Different from porcine eyes with an abundance of highly interconnected, narrow, and short collector channels (CCs), human eyes demonstrated fewer CCs which had a 1.5x greater cross-sectional area (CSA) and 2.6x greater length. Proximal CC openings at the level of Schlemm’s canal (SC) had a 1.3x larger CSA than distal openings into the scleral vascular plexus (SVP). CCs were 10.2x smaller in volume than the receiving SVP vessels. Axenfeld loops, projections of the long ciliary nerve, were also visualized. Conclusion In this high-resolution, volumetric RSCM analysis, human eyes had far fewer outflow tract vessels than porcine eyes. Human CCs spanned several clock-hours and were larger than in porcine eyes. These species differences may point to factors downstream of the TM that increase our vulnerability to glaucoma. Grant information National Eye Institute K08EY022737 (NAL); Initiative to Cure Glaucoma of the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh (NAL); Wiegand Fellowship of the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh (YD); P30-EY08098 (NAL); Department grant by Research to Prevent Blindness (NAL); an unrestricted fellowship grant from the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (SC).
Making Sense of Service Recovery in Higher Education Institutions: Exploring the Relationship between Perceived Justice and Recovery Satisfaction

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the relationship between perceived justice and recovery satisfaction in higher education institutions. Design/Methodology/Approach: Responses were collected from a purposive sample of 430 full-time students across three public higher education institutions in South Africa using a self-administered questionnaire. Findings: Based on the data collected, perceived justice viz. interactional and distributive justice is found to have a significant and positive correlation with recovery satisfaction whereas procedural justice has an insignificant and positive correlation with recovery satisfaction. Practical Implications: The results of this study could prove useful to higher education institutions to ensure that fairness is provided to students during the service recovery process. Furthermore, it offers an opportunity for higher education institutional management to review policies and procedures so that they are responsive to the various needs of students. Originality/Value: This study makes the first attempt to model perceived justice and recovery satisfaction in the South African higher education sector.
Concept Analysis of Ethical Competence of Nursing Students and Nurses

[Aim] This study aimed to conduct a concept analysis and clarification of ethical competence of nursing students and nurses, and further clarify the components. [Method] Rodger’s concept analysis method was used. A literature search was conducted using the ICHUSHI database, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases. The keywords included in the search were ethical competence. A total of 24 published articles were analyzed. [Results] As a concept of ethical competence among nursing students and nurses, five categories of [ethical sensitivity], [ethical reasoning], [ethical decision making], [ethical practice], [ethical reflection], obviously became. As a component, two categories of antecedent factors and three categories of consequences were identified. I defined ethical competence in nursing students and nurses, “including nursing students and nurses thinking processes and nursing practice and reflection to solve ethical problems Behavioral characteristics”. [Conclusion] Review of nursing practice from an ethical perspective [ethical reflection] is indispensable for clarifying self-tasks and deepening better nursing practice.
Imitation of optical coherence tomography images by wave Monte Carlo-based approach implemented with the Leontovich–Fock equation

Abstract. We present a computational modeling approach for imitation of the time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of biotissues. The developed modeling technique is based on the implementation of the Leontovich–Fock equation into the wave Monte Carlo (MC) method. We discuss the benefits of the developed computational model in comparison to the conventional MC method based on the modeling of OCT images of a nevus. The developed model takes into account diffraction on bulk-absorbing microstructures and allows consideration of the influence of the amplitude–phase profile of the wave beam on the quality of the OCT images. The selection of optical parameters of modeling medium, used for simulation of optical radiation propagation in biotissues, is based on the results obtained experimentally by OCT. The developed computational model can be used for imitation of the light waves propagation both in time-domain and spectral-domain OCT approaches.
The role of vitamin D in glycaemic control

Background Vitamin D metabolism is linked to glucose metabolism. The role of maternal vitamin D status in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is uncertain. We sought to examine this role in women with GDM compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE database, the Cochrane library and Uptodate® Online for English-language literature through September 2011. When necessary we contacted the authors of the reviewed articles for additional data. Summary odds ratios were calculated using a random-effects model meta-analysis. Results Randomised clinical trials have not yet been performed regarding the relationship between vitamin D and glucose metabolism in pregnancy. However, seven observational studies were eligible. Vitamin D status was assessed in 2146 participants of whom 433 were diagnosed with GDM. Four studies reported a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women (>50%). Overall vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is significantly related to the incidence of GDM with an odds ratio of 1.61 (95% CI 1.19 – 2.17; p = 0.002). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significant lower in participants with GDM than in NGT (-5.33 nmol/l (95% CI -9.73 – -0.93; p = 0.018). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicates a significant inverse relation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the incidence of GDM. Clinical trials are needed to examine whether vitamin D supplementation will prevent GDM or decrease insulin resistance in GDM.
Recommending Games to Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) for Skill Enhancement Using Minecraft

Recommending Games to Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) for Skill Enhancement Using Minecraft Alisha Banskota Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a long-standing mental condition characterized by hindered mental growth and development. In 2018, 168 out of 10,000 children are said to be affected with Autism in the USA. As these children move to adulthood, they have difficulty in communicating with others, expressing themselves, maintaining eye contact, developing a well-functioning motor skill or sensory sensitivity, and paying attention for longer period. Some of these abnormalities, however, can be gradually improved if they are treated appropriately during their adulthood. Studies have shown that people with ASD can enhance their social-interactive skills by playing video games. During the past decades, however, educational games have been primarily developed for autistic children, but not for autistic adults. We have developed a gaming and recommendation system that suggests therapeutic games to autistic adults which can improve their social-interactive skills. The gaming system maintains the entertainment value of the games, to make sure people are interested in playing them, whereas the recommendation system suggests appropriate games for autistic adults to play. Customizable games are designed and implemented in Minecraft such that each game focuses on enhancing different weakness areas in autistic adults based on games that the users have not explored in the past. The effectiveness of the gaming and recommendation system is backed up by an empirical study which shows that recommending therapeutic games can aid in the improvement of social-interactive skills of adults with ASD so that they can live a better life in the years to come.
Characterization of Kyagar Glacier and Lake Outburst Floods in 2018 Based on Time-Series Sentinel-1A Data

Early recognition of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) is required for timely and cost-effective remedial efforts to be implemented. Although the formation of ice-dammed lakes is known to begin as a pond or river that was blocked by ice from the glacier terminus, the relationship between glacier dynamics and lake development is not well understood. Using a time-series of Sentinel-1A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquired just before and after the lake outburst event in 2018, information is presented on the dynamic characteristics of Kyagar Glacier and its ice-dammed lake. Glacier velocity data derived from interferometry show that the glacier tongue experienced an accelerated advance (maximum velocity of 20 cm/day) just one month before the lake outburst, and a decreased velocity (maximum of 13 cm/day) afterward. Interferometric and backscattering properties of this region provide valuable insight into the diverse glaciated environment. Furthermore, daily temperature and total precipitation data derived from the ECMWF re-analysis (ERA)Interim highlight the importance of the sustained high-temperature driving force, supporting empirical observations from previous studies. The spatial and temporal resolution offered by the Sentinel-1A data allows variations in the glacier surface motion and lake evolution to be detected, meaning that the interaction mechanism between the glacial lake and the associated glacier can be explored. Although the glacier surge provided the boundary conditions favorable for lake formation, the short-term high temperatures and precipitation caused the melting of ice dams and also a rapid increase in the amount of water stored, which accelerated the potential for a lake outburst.
Combination of One Time Pad Cryptography Algorithm with Generate Random Keys and Vigenere Cipher with EM2B KEY

Today, the development of information systems that focus on the use of information and communication technology is the basis for organizations to improve their competitiveness. Similarly, sending or exchanging messages is something that often happens in the world of information technology. The development of information and communication technology has triggered many parties to continue to develop the speed of sending messages, namely through the internet. Along with the development of the internet, it became a scourge for those who were haunted by worry about the security of the messages sent. The message sometimes often contains important information even very confidential and must be maintained. To maintain the security of the message, it can be done using cryptographic techniques. That is encrypting the message to be unlike the original message. In the cryptography, many algorithms are used to encrypt, including One Time Pad and Vigenere Cipher. Basically these two algorithms use the key to do encryption, for this reason, the author tries to research how to generate random keys on the One Time Pad algorithm and combined with the Vigenere Cipher algorithm with EM2B key.