Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and prediction of frictional behavior of AA 2024 based hybrid composites using ANN model

The paper investigates the frictional behavior of AA 2024 hybrid aluminum matrix composites reinforced with Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and Graphite (Gr). The hybrid composite is fabricated by stir casting technique by using fixed 6 wt. % of ZrO2 and varying 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 wt. % of Gr reinforcement. The test specimens were fabricated in the form of pins to carryout frictional testing by using Pin-on-disc tribometer under dry and lubricated conditions. Tests were conducted at 15 N load corresponding to 2000 m sliding distance and varying sliding speed of 1 m/s, 2 m/s, 3 m/s and 4 m/s. Coefficient of Friction (COF) increased with the increase in sliding speed for both dry and lubricated conditions but hybrid composite with 3.0 and 4.5 wt. % showed a decrease in COF at 4 m/s sliding speed under lubricated conditions. At higher sliding speed, greater amount of frictional heat is developed which leads to the softening of Gr particles and a solid lubricant layer of Gr along with Polyalphaolefin(PAO) oil reduces the metal-to-metal contact and thus reduces the COF. Maximum COF was observed for 1.5 wt. % Gr reinforcement under dry condition whereas under lubricated conditions pure AA 2024 resulted in maximum COF. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique was used for predicting the friction behavior and the confirmatory tests were also performed corresponding to sliding speed of 5 m/s. From the investigations it was revealed that the error in predicted and experimental results is in the acceptable range.
Vegetation Index‐Based Partitioning of Evapotranspiration Is Deficient in Grazed Systems

Partitioning evapotranspiration (ET) into its primary components, that is, evaporation (E) and plant transpiration (T), is needed in a range of hydrometeorological applications. Using vegetation index (VI) to obtain spatially resolved T:ET ratio over large areas has emerged as a promising approach in this regard. Here, we assess the effectiveness of this approach in differently managed wheat systems. Results show a weak relation between T:ET and VI in disturbed (i.e., grazed) systems. Furthermore, flux partition based on a canonical T:ET versus VI relation or the relation derived in a neighboring undisturbed wheat system introduce large errors in disturbed systems, thus underscoring the limits on the transferability of the VI‐based ET partitioning approach. The effectiveness of the VI‐based approach is found to be related to the strength of correlation between VI and vapor pressure deficit and/or radiation. This correlation metric can help identify settings where the approach is likely to be effective.
Student teachers’ perceived changes of learning conditions during COVID-19: The role of internal resource management strategies, intrinsic motivation, and preferences for lesson formats

The COVID-19 pandemic caused an abrupt change in higher education that had a profound impact on students. Pandemic distance learning required students to regulate their learning more independently and to find new ways of communicating with their peers and instructors. This study focused on how students perceived the learning conditions that they encountered during the first semester that took place online compared to the time before distance learning. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether students’ internal resource management strategies, intrinsic motivation, and instruction format (synchronous, asynchronous, and face-to-face) preferences were associated with the perceived changes of the learning conditions. Students enrolled in a German university (N = 330) answered an online questionnaire at the end of the summer term in 2020. Findings from structural equation modeling showed that the regulative resources of attention and intrinsic motivation were significant factors that predicted how students perceived changes in relevance, quality, and support of online instruction compared to the time before distance learning. However, our results show that these factors did not impact perceived changes in social relatedness. Moreover, the results demonstrate that preferences for digital formats were significant related to student perceptions of changes in relevance, quality, and support, whereas preferences for the face-to-face format had significant negative effects on these factors. Only the face-to-face preference had a significant (negative) effect on social relatedness. Finally, the study revealed an indirect effect of attention on students’ perceived changes of learning conditions through preferences for lesson formats. This study has important implications for digital integration in higher education and suggests that institutions should implement various methods that foster social interaction and internal regulation strategies.
Efetividade das intervenções contra violência no trabalho sofrida por profissionais de saúde e apoio: metanálise

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade das intervenções direcionadas à prevenção e redução da violência no trabalho sofrida por profissionais de saúde e apoio. Método: revisão sistemática com metanálise realizada em oito bases de dados e na literatura cinzenta. O risco de viés foi realizado por meio das ferramentas da Cochrane e a certeza da evidência pelo Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. A análise foi realizada de forma descritiva e pela metanálise, incluindo avaliação da heterogeneidade. Resultados: 11 estudos aleatorizados e quasi-aleatorizados foram elegíveis, dos quais seis estudos (54,5%) implementaram habilidades individuais, quatro multiabordagem (36,4%) e um (9,1%) ações governamentais. Quatro estudos (36,4%) tiveram efeito positivo e significativo na redução da violência. O risco de viés foi classificado como alto ou incerto. A metanálise foi realizada com dois estudos que testaram habilidade individual (grupo intervenção) versus habilidade individual (grupo comparador), porém não houve evidência científica (IC 95%: -0,41 a 0,25, p=0,64) para o desfecho prevenção/redução da violência. Conclusão: esta revisão não obteve alta evidência na prevenção ou redução da violência no trabalho. O número reduzido de ensaios aleatorizados, a falta de estudos com baixo risco de viés e a alta consistência podem ter sido fatores dificultadores para recomendar intervenções efetivas.
Mechanisms of ultrasonic modulation of multiply scattered incoherent light based on diffusion theory

An analytic equation interpreting the intensity of ultrasound-modulated scattering light is derived, based on diffusion theory and previous explanations of the intensity modulation mechanism. Furthermore, an experiment of ultrasonic modulation of incoherent light in a scattering medium is developed. This analytical model agrees well with experimental results, which confirms the validity of the proposed intensity modulation mechanism. The model supplements the existing research on the ultrasonic modulation mechanism of scattering light.
Testing the Augmented Fama–French Six-Factor Asset Pricing Model with Momentum Factor for Borsa Istanbul

This study aims to test the validity of the Fama–French Asset Pricing Model, which has become a six-factor along with the inclusion of the momentum factor, in terms of Borsa Istanbul. In this context, nested asset pricing models were assessed, and different estimators were developed to determine which of the models explains the stock returns more strongly. The returns (more than the risk-free interest rate) of 24 different portfolios and a total of 9,504 portfolios for 396 weeks, throughout October 2013–May 2021, are utilized based on the BV/MV, profitability, investment, and momentum factors. The results obtained from the research study indicate the Fama–French Six-Factor Asset Pricing Model (FF6F) as the most effective model in explaining stock returns for Borsa Istanbul. For investors, the momentum factor is the one that needs to be regarded and allows higher returns to be obtained, and the necessity of considering it before making investment decisions is one of the practical contributions of the research study. Determining the momentum factor as a factor that should be considered upon making investment decisions would constitute the contribution of the research study to the literature.
Fully Integrated Wireless Power Transfer System For Biomedical Applications

Fully Integrated Wireless Power Transfer System For Biomedical Applications Meysam Zargham Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2014 Wireless power transfer (WPT) is commonly realized by means of near-field inductive coupling and is critical to many applications. It is highly desirable to fully integrate the receiver coil (Rx) and power shaping circuits on a single chip in a standard CMOS process with no additional post-processing steps or external components. This thesis investigates the feasibility of a fully integrated WPT system that is capable of wirelessly providing milliwatts of power at centimeter distances. We present a closed form analytical solution for the optimum load that achieves the maximum possible power efficiency under arbitrary input impedance conditions based on the general two-port parameters of the network. Our results generalize several well-known special cases. The formulation allows the design of an optimized WPT link through biological media using readily available electromagnetic (EM) simulation software and effectively decouples the design of the inductive coupling two-port from the problem of loading and power amplifier design. As a proof of concept, we present a 2×2.18mm on-chip coil with proper power shaping blocks such as a rectifier, and a regulator in addition to an adaptive matching network, which are co-integrated on a single die in a 0. 13μm CMOS process. The receiver is separated from the transmitter (Tx) by 10mm of biological media. The on-chip coil demonstrates a peak WPT efficiency of 1.42% in air, 0.97% efficiency while receiving power through a combined 7mm of 0.2 molar NaCl (with similar conductivity and permittivity as blood) and 3mm of air, and 0.8% of efficiency through a combined 7.5mm of bovine muscle and 2.5mm of air. Fully integrating the receiver coil introduces new
Automatic Classification of the Cerebral Vascular Bifurcations Using Dimensionality Reduction and Machine Learning

This paper presents a method for the automatic labeling of vascular bifurcations along the Circle of Willis (CoW) in 3D images. Our automatic labeling process uses machine learning as well as dimensionality reduction algorithms to map selected bifurcation features to a lower dimensional space and thereafter classify them. Unlike similar studies in the literature, our main goal here is to avoid a classical registration step commonly applied before resorting to classification. In our approach, we aim to collect various geometric features of the bifurcations of interest, and thanks to dimensionality reduction, to discard the irrelevant ones before using classifiers. In this paper, we apply the proposed method to 50 human brain vascular trees imaged via Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). The constructed classifiers were evaluated using the Leave One Out Cross-Validation approach (LOOCV). The experimental results showed that the proposed method could assign correct labels to bifurcations at 96.8% with the Naive Bayes classifier. We also confirmed its functionality by presenting automatic bifurcation labels on independent images. ∗Corresponding author Email address: Florent.Autrusseau@univ-nantes.fr (Florent Autrusseau ) Preprint submitted to Elsevier September 15, 2022
Research and Innovation for and with Adolescent Young Carers to Influence Policy and Practice—The European Union Funded “ME-WE” Project

Young carers are children and adolescents who provide care to other family members or friends, taking over responsibilities that are usually associated with adulthood. There is emerging but still scarce knowledge worldwide about the phenomenon of young carers and the impact of a caring role on their health, social and personal development spheres. This paper provides an overview of the main results from the ME-WE project, which is the first European research and innovation project dedicated to adolescent young carers (AYCs) (15–17 years). The project methods relied on three main activities: (1) a systematization of knowledge (by means of a survey to AYCs, country case studies, Delphi study, literature review); (2) the co-design, implementation and evaluation of a primary prevention intervention addressing AYCs’ mental health (by means of Blended Learning Networks and a clinical trial in six European countries); (3) the implementation of knowledge translation actions for dissemination, awareness, advocacy and lobbying (by means of national and international stakeholder networks, as well as traditional and new media). Project results substantially contributed to a better understanding of AYCs’ conditions, needs and preferences, defined tailored support intervention (resilient to COVID-19 related restrictions), and significant improvements in national and European policies for AYCs.
A Fast Local Feature Description Algorithm

A fast local feature description algorithm is proposed in this paper based on the intensity distribution property of local neighbor, called normalized intensity contrast descriptor(NICD). After normalizing pixel intensity of local neighbor areas surrounding interest points, the descriptors could be computed based on the intensity distribution property of local neighbor.For evaluating the performance of NICD, we adopt three detectors:fast-Hessian, DoG, and Harris-Laplacian, with NICD respectively in image matching and object recognition test.The results of evaluations show that this new descriptor is competitive with the performance of SIFT descriptor and SURF descriptor in geometric and photometric deformations.However, the matching time is greatly shortened when using NICD.Therefore, NICD is more suitable in real-time applications.
Adaptive fixed‐time dynamic surface fault‐tolerant control of nonlinear systems with sensor faults

This article focuses on the problem of adaptive fixed‐time dynamic surface fault‐tolerant control for a class of strict‐feedback nonlinear systems subject to sensor faults. The sensor faults include bias, drift, loss of accuracy and loss of effectiveness. Our control objective is to construct an adaptive fixed‐time fault‐tolerant controller to ensure that the system output tracks a desired trajectory within fixed time and the tracking error converges to a small area of zero whether the sensor faults occur or what kind of sensor faults take place. One of the characteristics of our proposed scheme is that its tracking time has no connection with the initial conditions of the system. Furthermore, as for unknown nonlinear functions, fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate them. And the complex calculation problem, which exists in the traditional backstepping method, has been dealt with by using the dynamic surface control technique. The proposed controller takes into account the reliability, rapidity, robustness and anti‐interference of the system simultaneously, and the singularity problem in controller design is solved. In the end, the simulation results illustrate that the presented strategy is feasible and effective.
Intestinal S100/Calgranulin Expression in Cats with Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy and Intestinal Lymphoma

Simple Summary Intestinal diseases in cats are complicated diseases in which intestinal inflammation is difficult to distinguish from lymphoma, which is a neoplasm. In this study, the expression of the proteins S100A8/A9 and S100A12 (also called calgranulins) in the intestine is investigated in both diseases and for potential correlations with microscopically visible changes in the intestine or the clinical severity of the disease. Only small differences were seen between healthy and diseased animals, and there were no differences between cats with intestinal inflammation and lymphoma. However, several correlations of cells staining positive for calgranulins and inflammatory changes at the microscopic level and clinical disease severity were shown. This indicates that calgranulins play a role in both gastrointestinal lymphoma and inflammation and would support the recent theory that these two diseases might not be separate disease entities but instead are related. Further insights into the role of the calgranulins in these feline diseases will lead to a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis and, thus, potentially novel diagnostics and treatment avenues. Abstract Diagnosing chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE) in cats and differentiation from intestinal lymphoma (IL) using currently available diagnostics is challenging. Intestinally expressed S100/calgranulins, measured in fecal samples, appear to be useful non-invasive biomarkers for canine CIE but have not been evaluated in cats. We hypothesized S100/calgranulins to play a role in the pathogenesis of feline chronic enteropathies (FCE) and to correlate with clinical and/or histologic disease severity. This retrospective case-control study included patient data and gastrointestinal (GI) tissues from 16 cats with CIE, 8 cats with IL, and 16 controls with no clinical signs of GI disease. GI tissue biopsies were immunohistochemically stained using polyclonal α-S100A8/A9 and α-S100A12 antibodies. S100A8/A9+ and S100A12+ cells were detected in all GI segments, with few significant differences between CIE, IL, and controls and no difference between diseased groups. Segmental inflammatory lesions were moderately to strongly correlated with increased S100/calgranulin-positive cell counts. Clinical disease severity correlated with S100A12+ cell counts in cats with IL (ρ = 0.69, p = 0.042) and more severe diarrhea with colonic lamina propria S100A12+ cells with CIE (ρ = 0.78, p = 0.021) and duodenal S100A8/A9+ cells with IL (ρ = 0.71, p = 0.032). These findings suggest a role of the S100/calgranulins in the pathogenesis of the spectrum of FCE, including CIE and IL.
Synthesis and Stability of an Eight‐Coordinated Fe3O4 High‐Pressure Phase: Implications for the Mantle Structure of Super‐Earths

Super‐Earths ranging up to 10 Earth masses (ME) with Earth‐like density are common among the observed exoplanets thus far, but their measured masses and radii do not uniquely elucidate their internal structure. Exploring the phase transitions in the Mg‐silicates that define the mantle‐structure of super‐Earths is critical to characterizing their interiors, yet the relevant terapascal conditions are experimentally challenging for direct structural analysis. Here we investigated the crystal chemistry of Fe3O4 as a low‐pressure analog to Mg2SiO4 between 45–115 GPa and up to 3000 K using powder and single crystal X‐ray diffraction in the laser‐heated diamond anvil cell. Between 60–115 GPa and above 2000 K, Fe3O4 adopts an 8‐fold coordinated Th3P4‐type structure (I‐43d, Z = 4) with disordered Fe2+ and Fe3+ into one metal site. This Fe‐oxide phase is isostructural with that predicted for Mg2SiO4 above 500 GPa in super‐Earth mantles and suggests that Mg2SiO4 can incorporate both ferric and ferrous iron at these conditions. The pressure‐volume behavior observed in this 8‐fold coordinated Fe3O4 indicates a maximum 4% density increase across the 6‐ to 8‐fold coordination transition in the analog Mg‐silicate. Reassessment of the FeO—Fe3O4 fugacity buffer considering the Fe3O4 phase relationships identified in this study reveals that increasing pressure and temperature to 120 GPa and 3000 K in Earth and planetary mantles drives iron toward oxidation.
Adaptive Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control Method for Electromagnetic Linear Actuator

In this study, to further improve the dynamic performance and steady-state accuracy of the electromagnetic linear actuator (EMLA) for the direct-drive system, the adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode controller (ANTSMC) based on an improved disturbance observer (IDOB) is proposed. Accurate modeling of the EMLA based on the LuGre friction model was obtained by identification. Aiming at the continuous disturbance of the system, a non-singular terminal sliding mode control based on improved exponential reaching law (IERL) is designed, which is combined with the advantages of fuzzy control. Adaptive adjustment of the IERL gain is achieved to ensure finite time convergence of the tracking error while suppressing system jitter. Based on the IDOB to achieve effective observation compensation under noise disturbance and further improve the system robustness. The stability of the control is analyzed based on the Lyapunov function. The results show that the proposed method suppresses the jitter and improves the tracking performance and robustness of the servo system for different desired trajectories effectively.
Research on the Optimization Method of Arm Movement in the Assembly Workshop Based on Ergonomics

In order to improve the work efficiency and comfortability, Ergonomics is used to research the work of the operator in the assembly workshop. An optimization algorithm of arm movement in the assembly workshop is proposed. In the algorithm, a mathematical model of arm movement is established based on multi rigid body movement model and D-H method. The solution of inverse kinematics equation on arm movement is solved through kinematics theory. The evaluation functions of each joint movement and the whole arm movement are given based on the comfortability of human body joint. The solution method of the optimal arm movement posture based on the evaluation functions is described. The software CATIA is used to verify that the optimal arm movement posture is valid in an example and the experimental result show the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Existence and Stability of Standing and Traveling Wave Solutions Arising from Synaptically Coupled Neuronal Networks

We consider three variations of neuronal network models and apply mathematical analysis to investigate standing and traveling wave solutions to the models. We consider solutions for both the scalar case and the system of equations. We establish existence and uniqueness of the solutions and determine the stability/instability of the solutions to the integral differential model equations. In addition we investigate the influence of sodium currents on the solutions. We perform a speed analysis to determine the effect of various biological parameters on the wave speed and wave structure.