Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A preliminary assessment of the value and impact of multiple configurations of constellations of EON-MW, a proposed 12U microwave sounder CubeSat for global NWP

Abstract Observing system assessments were made for the Earth Observing Nanosatellite-Microwave (EON-MW), a 12U CubeSat analog of the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS). Since the EON-MW channels and sensor specifications closely follow those of ATMS, the sensor characteristics and geophysical capabilities assessments indicate that the value of information for humidity (temperature) of EON-MW observations will be similar (very similar) to that of ATMS. Eight global observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were carried out to evaluate several different EON-MW constellations for data gap mitigation and/or replacement of existing sensors. In these OSSEs, adding 2 EON-MW sensors in different orbits, compared to adding a single EON-MW sensor, improves forecasts generally, and improves the analysis of at least wind and humidity. In terms of the overall OSSE impacts in the scenarios considered, a single EON-MW sensor is a close substitute for ATMS and two EON-MW sensors are a close substitute for the Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS). The analysis and forecast impacts indicate that EON-MW provides improved humidity profiles compared to SSMIS and ATMS.
Geometry of pointwise CR-slant warped products in Kaehler manifolds

We call a submanifold M of a Kaehler manifold M̃ a pointwise CR-slant warped product if it is a warped product, B×f Nθ, of a CR-product B = NT ×N⊥ and a proper pointwise slant submanifold Nθ with slant function θ, where NT and N⊥ are complex and totally real submanifolds of M̃ . We prove that if a pointwise CR-slant warped product B×fNθ with B = NT×N⊥ in a Kaehler manifold is weakly Dθ-totally geodesic, then it satisfies ‖σ‖2 ≥ 4s { (csc2 θ + cot2 θ)‖∇ (ln f)‖2 + (cot2 θ)‖∇⊥(ln f)‖2 } , where NT , N⊥, and Nθ are complex, totally real and proper pointwise slant submanifolds of M̃ , respectively, and s = 2 dimNθ. In this paper we also investigate the equality case of the inequality. Moreover, we give a non-trivial example and provide some applications of this inequality.
Molecular dynamics simulations of gas flow in nanochannel with a Janus interface

It is interesting to investigate fluid flow in nanochannel with a Janus interface (NCJI), especially when considering the asymmetric situations of wettability in the biology. The simulation results show that the temperature has a significant influence on the particle number near the hydrophilicsurface because the desorption increases with the fluid temperature, while the external force has a little influence on the mass distribution. Because the viscosity of gas increases with temperature, the flow velocity of gas in NCJI decreases as the wall temperature increases. The flow in NCJI is neither Poiseuille-like nor plug-flow behaviors. This particular form of flow may be able to help us invent new nano-devices.
YAP Deficiency Attenuates Pulmonary Injury Following Mechanical Ventilation Through the Regulation of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization

Background Evidences indicate that the balance between macrophage M1 and M2 polarization is essential for the regulation of pulmonary inflammation during mechanical ventilation (MV). Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a key component of the Hippo pathway and was suggested to regulate macrophage polarization. This study was designed to investigate whether YAP contributes to pulmonary inflammation during MV. Methods Wild-type and macrophage YAP knockout mice were mechanically ventilated for 12 hours to induce pulmonary injuries. At the end of MV, animals were sacrificed for pulmonary tissue collection and macrophage isolation. In addition, the induction of macrophage polarization was performed in isolated macrophages with or without YAP overexpression in vitro. Pulmonary injuries, YAP expression, macrophage polarization and cytokines were measured. Results Here, we show that MV induces lung injury together with pulmonary inflammation as well as upregulated YAP expressions in pulmonary macrophages. In addition, our results indicate that YAP deficiency in macrophages attenuates pulmonary injury, accompanied with decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL (interleukin)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that YAP deficiency enhances M2 polarization while inhibits M1 polarization. In contrast, YAP overexpression inhibits the induction of M2 polarization but improves M1 polarization. Conclusion Our results report for the first time that the induction of YAP in macrophages contributes to pulmonary inflammation during MV through the regulation of M1/M2 polarization.
Protection of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) seedlings from salinity stress following seed priming with L-methionine and casein hydrolysate

Abstract Seed priming with water (hydropriming or HP) has been shown to be beneficial for seed germination and plant growth. However, there is little information on the effects of seed priming with amino acids and casein hydrolysate (CH) compared with HP, particularly in relation to early post-germinative seedling growth under salinity stress. In this study, Italian ryegrass seeds (Lolium multiflorum L.) were primed with 1 mM of each of the 20 protein amino acids and CH (200 mg l−1) before they were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl in Petri dishes for 4 d in darkness. Germination percentage (GP), radicle length (RL) and peroxidase (POD) activity in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings were investigated. Generally, when the seeds were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl, there was no significant difference in GP of seeds among various priming treatments, except that a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCl. When incubated in 60 and 90 mM NaCl, seedlings from seeds primed with L-methionine or CH exhibited greater RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activity than those from non-primed and hydro-primed seeds. Under salinity stress, there were higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings, a marker of oxidative stress, but seed priming with CH was effective in reducing the salinity-triggered increase in MDA content. These results suggest that priming with L-methionine or CH would be better than HP for the protection of seedling root growth under salinity stress and might be associated with enhanced antioxidative defence against salinity-induced oxidative stress.
Role of Urban Big Data in Travel Behavior Research

Understanding urban travel behavior (TB) is critical for advancing urban transportation planning practice and scholarship; however, traditional survey data is expensive (because of labor costs) and error-prone. With advances in data collection techniques and data analytic approaches, urban big data (UBD) is currently generated at an unprecedented scale in relation to volume, variety, and speed, producing new possibilities for applying UBD for TB research. A review of more than 50 scholarly articles confirms the remarkable and expanding role of UBD in TB research and its advantages over traditional survey data. Using this body of published work, a typology is developed of four key types of UBD—social media, GPS log, mobile phone/location-based service, and smart card—focusing on the features and applications of each type in the context of TB research. This paper discusses in significant detail the opportunities and challenges in the use of UBD from three perspectives: conceptual, methodological, and political. The paper concludes with recommendations for researchers to develop data science knowledge and programming skills for analysis of UBD, for public and private sector agencies to cooperate on the collection and sharing of UBD, and for legislators to enforce data security and confidentiality. UBD offers both researchers and practitioners opportunities to capture urban phenomena and deepen knowledge about the TB of individuals.
A novel reaction for spectrophotometric determination of bromate in bread flour and water samples

A sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method based on oxidation of Nile red with potassium bromate for determination of bromate in bread samples has been developed. The method allows the determination of bromate in the range 25.0-970.0 μg/ml (r2=0.995) for 0.5-2 min. The relative standard deviation were 4.89, 3.88 and 4.63% for determination of 50.0, 250.0 and 750 μg/ml of bromate (n=5), respectively, and the limit of detection (3 Sb/m) was 0.0589 μg/ml. The precision, accuracy and selectivity of the method are discussed. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of bromate in spiked bread flour and water samples.
First assembly of copper(I) naphthyridine-based helicates

Copper(I) binds to 2,7-diimino-1,8-naphthyridine in solution to form a mixture of equilibrating mono- and polynuclear complexes, as identified by electrospray MS and monitored by UV-visible spectrophotometric titrations, including a binuclear metallo-helicate for which X-ray data are available but whose formation does not require cooperative associations.
Biocontrol strategies to reduce the impact of Septoria tritici blotch in wheat

Trichoderma strains are used as biofungicides for some plant diseases. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma harzianum isolates, applied alone and in combination with fungicides, to control Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch of wheat, and their impact on wheat yield and its components. To this end, field experiments were performed in 2010 and 2011 and 10 different treatments were applied. The disease severity was assessed by visual estimation of the leaf area affected by Z. tritici at the first node, anthesis and early dough growth stages. The best results for reducing the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were “coated seed only with T. harzianum” and “coated seed plus two foliar application of T. harzianum”. Regarding the increase in yield gain and the improvement of yield components, the fungicide treatment applied at seedling, and tillering in 2011 provided significant increase. Respect the treatments with the application of T. harzianum the best was only one application as coated seed of the biocontroler alone showing yield responses similar to the ones obtained with the fungicide treatments. We recommended the coated seed alone because the protective effect lasts until the early dough stage of ripening. This application produced a comparable yield to that obtained with three applications of T. harzianum at different phenological stages of wheat with as well as with more than one application of commercial fungicide. We found a strong relationship between the number of kernels per spike and the wheat yield in 2011 as a consequence of the best environmental conditions for the disease’s occurrence. Contrary, it was shown a non-significant association between thousand kernel weight (TKW) and the wheat yield.
Validity of the bench press one-repetition maximum test predicted through individualized load-velocity relationship using different repetition criteria and minimal velocity thresholds

BACKGROUND: More practical and less fatiguing strategies have been developed to accurately predict the one-repetition maximum (1RM). OBJETIVE: To compare the accuracy of the estimation of the free-weight bench press 1RM between six velocity-based 1RM prediction methods. METHODS: Sixteen men performed an incremental loading test until 1RM on two separate occasions. The first session served to determine the minimal velocity threshold (MVT). The second session was used to determine the validity of the six 1RM prediction methods based on 2 repetition criteria (fastest or average velocity) and 3 MVTs (general MVT of 0.17 m⋅s-1, individual MVT of the preliminary session, and individual MVT of the validity session). Five loads (≈ 2540557085% of 1RM) were used to assess the individualized load-velocity relationships. RESULTS: The absolute difference between the actual and predicted 1RM were low (range = 2.7–3.7%) and did not reveal a significant main effect for repetition criterion (P= 0.402), MVT (P= 0.173) or their two-way interaction (P= 0.354). Furthermore, all 1RM prediction methods accurately estimated bench press 1RM (P⩾ 0.556; ES ⩽ 0.02; r⩾ 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: The individualized load-velocity relationship provides an accurate prediction of the 1RM during the free-weight bench press exercise, while the repetition criteria and MVT do not appear to meaningfully affect the prediction accuracy.
The Efficacy of a Classroom Game for Teaching APA Style Citation

Psychology instructors have reported that it is common for students to not know how to cite sources correctly. Therefore, the authors created a classroom game to help students learn to cite sources in different scenarios. The game involved students submitting names of celebrities and fictitious dates of publication and then using those submissions to practice writing correct citations in teams. Based on pre and post measures, students appeared to improve in knowledge of citing sources accurately after playing the game.
Cerebral oximetry in adult cardiac surgery to reduce the incidence of neurological impairment and hospital length-of-stay: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial

Background Cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been shown to reduce neurological dysfunction and hospital length-of-stay after adult cardiac surgery in some but not all studies. We audited maintaining cerebral saturations at or above baseline and showed improved neurological and length-of-stay outcomes. Our hypothesis for this study was that our NIRS protocol would improve neurological and length-of-stay outcomes. Methods This prospective, single centre, double-blinded controlled study randomized 182 consecutive patients, scheduled for cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. Participants were randomized by concealed envelope prior to anaesthesia. NIRS study group were managed perioperatively using our NIRS protocol of 8 interventions, increase cardiac output, normocapnia, increase mean arterial pressure, increase inspired oxygen, depth of anaesthesia, blood transfusion, correction of bypass cannula, change of surgical plan to restore levels equal to or above baseline. The control group had standard management without NIRS. Primary outcomes were neurological impairment (early and late) and hospital length-of-stay. Secondary outcomes were ventilation times, intensive care length-of-stay, major organ dysfunction and mortality. Results 91 patients entered each group. There was a significant improvement in self-reported six-month general functionality in the NIRS group (p = 0.016). Early neurological dysfunction and hospital length-of-stay was the same in both groups. Of the secondary outcomes only Intensive Care length-of-stay was statistically significant, being shorter in the NIRS group (p = 0.026). Conclusion Maintaining cerebral saturations above baseline reduces time spent in Intensive Care and may improve long term functional recovery but not stroke, major organ dysfunction and mortality.
The Impact of Innovation and Personal Control on Micro-Entrepreneurs’ Performance in Sabah

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the innovation and personal control impact on microbusiness performance in Sabah, Malaysia. Research Methodology: The paper adopts non-probability known as a purposive sampling method in the selection of micro-businesses. The sample consists of micro business owners/entrepreneurs under the TEKUN financing scheme throughout Sabah. A survey using self-conducted questionnaires structured on a 7-point Likert scale is conducted through the distribution of 600 questionnaires, and subsequently, a total of 525 questionnaires are returned. The EAO dimensions assessed in the paper are innovation and personal control. Data collected are analysed using the SEM-PLS technique through the SmartPLS 3.3. 2 software. Results: The results show that innovation and personal control are positively correlated with micro-business performance. Nevertheless, this study found that the level of performance among entrepreneurs is moderately low. Limitations: The theoretical implication of this paper is that it provides supports to some of the previous findings and arguments that EAO play an essential role in ensuring microentrepreneurs achieving better business performance. Contribution: From a practical perspective, the findings of this paper help entrepreneurs, owners, government agencies, and other stakeholders to understand the critical role of EAO in improving the business performance of micro-business in Malaysia.
Development of J48 Algorithm-Based Application in Predicting Teacher’s Techno-Pedagogical Competence

Education 4.0 in the Philippines encourages the use of advanced technologies in facilitating the educational ecosystem where teachers are required to be competent in information and communications technology (ICT). On the contrary, the established instrument in assessing the pedagogical ICT competence in the Philippines is still a manual process showing a gap between the actual and the ideal in terms of education 4.0 requirement. In this paper, it is empirical to develop a model and implement this model in actual system development where the software learns through time based on the data collected from the system users in predicting the pedagogical ICT competence of the teachers. This study was conducted in a Philippine state university, where the total enumeration of the respondents was taken. The use of Knowledge Discovery in Databases was utilized to develop a model using J48 algorithm, evaluated through 10- cross-fold validation, and used to develop an application that predicts the pedagogical ICT competence of the teacher using R programming. The result showed a significant improvement and efficiency in predicting the pedagogical ICT competence of the teachers.
Quantification and description of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in, shabbout, Arabibarbus grypus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), in warm and cold season

Background. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), is a primary lymphoid tissue and a part of the mucosal lymphoid system. Depending on the location, it present as aggregations of lymphoid cells. There are several reports of structural differences in the lymphoid tissue attached to the gastrointestinal tract between different species of fish, as well as different areas of the gastrointestinal tract of a fish in the cold and warm seasons. Identifying and expressing these differences in terms of tissue structure, in addition to diagnosing aquatic diseases, is also of particular importance for vaccination and disease control. Material and methods. For this purpose, after collecting the desired samples routine histological procedure was performed and 4–6 μm sections were obtained and were subsequently stained with hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid–Schiff, and TUNEL immunohistochemical staining method. Results. The results showed that four main layers, i.e., tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa, were observed in the wall of the gut of Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843), as had been observed in other teleosts. GALT was seen in two different shapes in two areas. The former consisted of intra-epithelial scattered cells, which were arranged in the pillar structures and extended to the upper regions of the epithelium, but were more concentrated in the mid bases. The latter was found in lamina propria and submucosa regions. In the lamina propria, they had a strip-shaped arrangement and were placed in several rows below the base membrane, but in the submucosa, they were scattered and less densely packed. Micrometric results showed that not only the distribution of the lymphocytic cells in the intestine of both male and female specimens varied in different areas but also in some areas, the difference was statistically significant in both cold and warm seasons (P < 0.05). TUNEL immunohistochemical staining revealed that the number of apoptotic cells in both sexes was more in the anterior part of the intestinal bulb and in the posterior part of the proper intestine in the warm season compared to the cold season. Conclusion. Based on a recent study on gut-associated lymphoid tissue in A. grypus in two warm and cold seasons revealed that mucosal immunity is more active in the cold season than in the warm season.
Climate Change Impacts Assessment on Wine-Growing Bioclimatic Transition Areas

Viticultural climatic indices were assessed for the evaluation of the meteorological variations in the requirements of wine cultivars. The applied bioclimatic indices have been widely used to provide an initial evaluation of climate change impacts on grapevine and to delineate wine regions and suitable areas for planting around the world. The study was carried out over a period of 16 years (from 2000 to 2015) in five Designation of Origin areas in Northwestern Spain located in the Eurosiberian region, the transition zone between the Eurosiberian and the Mediterranean areas, and in the Mediterranean area. In addition, the high-resolution meteorological dataset “Spain02” was applied to the bioclimatic indices for the period 1950–2095. To further assess the performance of “Spain02”, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A significant trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSS Indices was detected in the North-western Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. To analyze future projections 2061–2095, data from the high-resolution dynamically downscaled daily climate simulations from EURO-CORDEX project were used. To further assess the performance of Spain02, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSP Indices was detected in Northwestern Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. Our results showed that climatic conditions in the study region could variate for the crop in the future, more for Mediterranean than Eurosiberian bioclimatic area. Due to an advance in the phenological events or the vintage data, more alcohol-fortified wines and variations in the acidity level of wines could be expected in Northwestern Spain, these processes being most noticeable in the Mediterranean area. The projections for the BBLI and GSP Indices will induce a decrease in the pressure of the mildew attacks incidence in the areas located at the Eurosiberian region and the nearest transition zones. Projections showed if the trend of temperature increase continues, some cultural practice variations should be conducted in order to preserve the grape cultivation suitability in the studied area.
Detection of the Quantum Capacitance of a Point Contact via Dispersive Gate Sensing

The readout technique of dispersive gate sensing (DGS) uses an electrode embedded in a microwave resonator to detect the quantum capacitance of a mesoscopic device arising from single-electron tunneling. Here, we extend DGS from the detection of discrete tunnel events to the open regime, observing jumps in the capacitance of a quantum point contact (QPC) that arise when the one-dimensional sub-bands populate. We compare the signal from DGS to transport measurements for various QPC geometries, including measurements at ﬁnite bias. Unlike traditional charge sensing, which is limited by screening at high density, our results suggest that DGS can also probe the charge conﬁguration of open quantum devices, where electrons are delocalized and multiple sub-bands are occupied.