Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
URL Based Phishing Detection

Damage caused due to phishing attacks is that which targets the user's personal information. Phishing includes sending a user an email, or causing a phishing page to steal personal information from a user. Blacklist-based detection techniques can detect this form of attack; however, these approaches have certain limitations, and the number of people affecting have continued to grow. The aim of a technique for phishing detection using machine learning to identify each URL into either a legitimate URL or a phished URL. Data availability here in this proposed solution is the key to executing the solution and if there is any issue with data availability it can cost the project accuracy. Data used for model testing must be reliable and appropriate to almost identify all the websites that the user wants to check. Model consistency is another factor that may trigger project failure so the model has to be accurate in determining a true identity of URLs. This technique employs features of a standardized resource locator (URL). The features have been defined which contain URLs for the phishing site. The suggested approach employs certain characteristics to detect phishing. The strategy was tested with a data collection of 3,000 URLs for the phishing site and 3,000 valid URLs for the site. The findings show that more than 90 percent of phishing sites can be identified by the proposed technique
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

12876 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: D9704118419/2019©BEIESP DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D9704. 118419 Abstract The rise in demand for automobiles has resulted in a palpable increase in the traffic density, thereby giving way to more road accidents over time. Many a times, casualties of a road accident fail to live after they fall victim to poor emergency facilities and inadequate accident response time. It is not viable to anticipate road accidents but the repercussions can be minimized at the very least. If given immediate medical attention and care, the number of deaths caused as a result of road accidents could be reduced to a considerably low number. The primary hindrance in casualties receiving appropriate medical care is the fact that the rescue services do not receive any piece of information about the accident and sometimes, even when the information is passed on, it is usually received late. Hence to ensure that victims get adequate medical help on time, there is a need for an efficient automatic system. The Crash Signaling System uses a combination of technologies such as vibration sensor, Zigbee, GSM and GPS modules that detects the impact of the accident as well as the point of accident and conveys the information of the location to the nearby emergency care unit. It also sends information about the point of accident to the vehicles in the vicinity which then would help the drivers of oncoming vehicles to stay alert and drive cautiously. The ZigBee module assists in sending the alert message about the point of accident to the vehicles in the vicinity. The proposed system ensures that the emergency services are made accessible to accident victims in a timely manner and shares the information of the accident to the nearest hospital or rescue team via a GSM module. Besides it also sends a message to the victim’s emergency contacts. This system can be used in all in all vehicles for accident detection and reporting. VANET is a similar wireless communication technology which employs V2V and V2I
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

One of the major factors that affects the performance of adaptive filters like Particle Filter (PF), Marginalized Particle Filter (MPF) and Adaptive Marginalized Particle Filter (AMPF) is sample degeneracy. Sample degeneracy occurs when the weights associated with particles converges to zero making them useless in state estimation. Resampling is the most common method used to avoid sample degeneracy problem, in which a new set of particles are generated and weights are assigned. Performance and execution time of these filter depends a lot on what type of resampling technique is employed. AMPF is the modified version of MPF which is typically faster than PF and MPF. The main aim of this paper is to find the effect of different types of resampling on the performance and execution time of AMPF. For this, a typical target tracking problem is simulated using MATLAB. AMPF with different types of resampling techniques is used for state estimation for the above-mentioned problem and the best in terms of performance and execution speed will be found out. From the simulation, it will be clear that AMPF with systematic resampling is found to be best in terms of execution speed and performance i.e. minimum Root Mean Square Error.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

An algorithm for estimating strobe effects on raster images is given. The algorithm is based on image segmentation in OpenCV C ++ using the Canny detector, for which its parameters are selected. The first group of parameters refers to the case when the selection of contours is carried out most fully. In the second case, the outline se-lection area is per-formed for the main part of the image. The parameters of the Canny detector are determined on the basis of a calcula-tion of the average bright-ness of the halftone image and its transformed version. As a result, two binary imag-es are compared, and a conclusion is made about the presence of strobe artifacts or their level in the image
Optimization of Extraction Technology of Chondroitin Sulfate from Eggshell Membrane

Chondroitin sulfate was extracted from the eggshell membrane with a method of dilute alkali-enzyme hydrolysis.The product of chondroitin sulfate was gotten after ethanol disposition and desiccation by eliminating the protein with trypsin and pepsin.The results showed the optimum conditions of weight proportion 1:1.5(material:liquid),alkali concentration 5%,temperature 40 ℃. Dosage of trypsin and pepsin 1.5% and 0.8% respectively,pH value 8.2 and 5.5 respectively and reaction time 2.0 h respectively.
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Without a doubt, in the past 20 or so years, we have achieved the power of biology in different ways. In the present, we have many tools for developing novel technologies and applications for organism modifications that ultimately let us know many aspects of organisms’ biology and, therefore, apply that knowledge for technological purposes. Of all the model organisms and tools for genetic modification available, Escherichia coli stands out as a model organism and what we would like to call “molecular biologist tool box. ” In the present chapter, we aim to review our current knowledge regarding genetic modifications and tools for modifying E. coli to generate plasmid vectors, single and multiple gene knockouts, whole genome editing, biosensor generation and applications and synthetic gene circuits and genomes.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

Exploiting the efficiency and stability of Dynamic Crowd, the paper proposes a hybrid crowd simulation algorithm that runs using multi agents and it mainly focuses on identifying the crowd to simulate. An efficient measurement for both static and dynamic crowd simulation is applied in tracking and transportation applications. The proposed Hybrid Agent Reinforcement Learning (HARL) algorithm combines the Q-Learning off-policy value function and SARSA algorithm on-policy value function, which is used for dynamic crowd evacuation scenario. The HARL algorithm performs multiple value functions and combines the policy value function derived from the multi agent to improve the performance. In addition, the efficiency of the HARL algorithm is able to demonstrate in varied crowd sizes. Two kinds of applications are used in Reinforcement Learning such as tracking applications and transportation monitoring applications for pretending the crowd sizes.
Smart Storage Container for Solids

In this paper, we introduce a novel smart storage container for tracking the level of solid commodities (dal, rice, sugar, salt,, etc.,) stored to assist in inventory management without human interaction. The intelligent container is an application of Internet of Things (IoT) in kitchen automation. This technology incorporates an ultrasonic sensor that uses pulse echo method to monitor and sense the level of solid commodity kept within storage containers. A microcontroller monitors the level of commodity with the help of sensors and assists in tracking the quantity of commodity. Pulse echo method determines the difference between an empty container and a particular level of completion based on frequency values taken as threshold values. The microcontroller enhanced along with a GSM modem notifies the user or house owner and a request is sent to the store to deliver the commodity on the verge of completion. The smart and intelligent container provides personal assistance in monitoring the usage of day-to-day kitchen commodity.
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For centuries, paper has been an important medium of information. Currently, the basic risk to the paper collection is “acidic paper” and the action of enzymes secreted by microorganisms on them. In order to ‘prolong life’ of these materials, in recent years, various chemical compounds have been used. In this chapter, ionic liquids (IL) are explored as substances for deacidification of paper and its conservation, including antifungal activity. The use of these substances in the manufacturing of paper is possible, but the ingredients play an important role. Imidazolium IL cause an increase in the pH (deacidification) of historical papers and do not cause worsening of their strength properties, but these compound can cause a colour change. Benzalkonium DL‐ lactate and didecyldimethylammonium DL‐lactate and derivatives of 1,2,4‐triazole are used as effective inhibitors of growth of moulds on paper. The best antifungal activity in these ionic liquids is observed in the paper pine at a concentration of 5% and weakest in the samples from the pulp after chemical‐thermomechanical treatment. New paper impregnated with ionic liquids is characterised by an increase in tear resistance, reduction of breaking length and a favourable influence on the paper colour.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

Abstract: This paper introduces the multi depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) with location depot, a hard combinatorial optimization problem arising in several applications. The MDVRP with location depot based on two well-known NP-hard problems: the facility location problem (FLP) and the multi depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) with location depot. In the first phase, the problem consists of selecting on which sites to install a warehouse and assigning one and only one warehouse to each customer. In the second phase, for each depot, we search to solve a vehicle routing problem (VRP), multiple vehicles homogenous leave from a single depot and return to the same one. Each route must respect the capacity of each vehicle. The goal of this problem is to minimize the total distances to the performed routes. The MDVRP with location depots is classified as an NP-hard problem. Hence, the use of exact optimization methods may be difficult to solve this problem. In this work, we propose a method to solve it to optimality. The proposed procedure initially uses K-means algorithm to optimize the location selection and customer assignment, then planning the routes from the selected warehouses to a set of customers using Clarke and Wright saving method. The routes from the resulting multi-depot vehicle-routing problem (MDVRP) are improved using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed approach is tested and compared on a set of twelve benchmark instances from the MDVRP literature. The computational experiments confirm that our heuristic is able to find best solutions.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

Localizing, segmenting and eliminating the optic disc region of a fundus image is a prerequisite task in the automatic investigation of a number of retinal diseases such as Diabetic retinopathy, Glaucoma, Macular Edema, etc. Accurate detection of optic disc is a challenging task due to a number of reasons. Optic disc in most fundus images does not exhibit clear disc boundaries and there are number of blood vessels crossing it. An important task in automated retinal image analysis system is the detection and elimination of optic disc because the lesion regions in diabetic retinopathy closely resemble the color and texture of an optic disc. Hence, eliminating the optic disc region can improve the performance of diabetic retinopathy detection. The proposed work presents a novel method for optic disc segmentation which is not restricted by the location of the optic disc on the retina. The proposed algorithm localizes the position of the optic disc that is independent of its location and dynamically finds its center. The proposed method is tested on images from DRISHTI-GS, DIARETDB1, DRIONS-DB and DRIVE databases based on morphological operation and finding the largest connected component. The precision values of segmentation for digital fundus images from DRISHTI-GS, DIARETDB1, DRIONS-DB, and DRIVE databases are 0.98, 0.99, 0.98 and 0.99 respectively using the proposed method. The algorithm has yielded consistent high values of precision and recall indicating its robustness and efficiency.
Idiopathic focal organizing pneumonia mimicking malignancy

Idiopathic FOP is a rare type of COP. What we know on this subject is made up of a few clinical cases published in recent years. Our patient was admitted to the hospital with an intermittent coughing complaint that worsens over time. Due to a suspicion of malignancy, a radiological evaluation was requested including a PET-CT and a transbronchial biopsy was performed. Until the last part of our algorithm, the patient profile was clinically and radiologically in favor of the diagnosis of malignancy but, in the end, the diagnosis of FOP was fixed with a follow-up decision. In conclusion, FOP is a relatively new entity that should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of malignancy.
Do buyers have bargaining power? Evidence from informal groundwater contracts

In developing countries, the emergence of informal groundwater markets is accidental rather than planned due to the water scarcity and supply-side constraints. It is less often that water markets are assessed for agents bargaining power and equity impacts. In this paper, I examine the relative bargaining power of sellers and buyers in informal groundwater markets in India. To understand the process of bargaining, a framed-field experiment is conducted with actual buyers and sellers in groundwater contracts. In the experiment, sellers and buyers make a series of choices between output-shared and fixed-price contracts under varied risk conditions, first individually and then jointly. I define bargaining power as the relative ability of the agent to influence the joint decision for their individually preferred contract type. I find that there is a large preference disagreement between sellers and buyers. Buyers have preferences for output-shared contracts while sellers’ choices are motivated by expected earnings. Using the random-parameter probit model, I show that sellers have relatively more power to drive the joint decision in their favour. Nevertheless, factors like interpersonal relationships between buyers and sellers, such as kinship ties, long contractual history, and higher education of buyers augment buyers' power relative bargaining power.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antimicrobial and Antitumor Studies of Two Zinc(II) Complexes with Pyridine Thiazole Derivatives

Two pyridine thiazole derivatives, namely, 4-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (L1) and 4-(pyridin-3-yl)-2-(2-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (L2), were afforded by a cyclization reaction between α-haloketone and thioamide, and their Zn(II) complexes were prepared by the reaction of ligands and corresponding metal salts, respectively, and characterized by X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. Both crystals were obtained by ether diffusion and crystallized in a monoclinic system. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the Zn(II) complexes and ligands was screened using the microplate reader method, and in vitro antitumor activities of the complexes were evaluated by MTT, with a view to developing new improved bioactive materials with novel properties. The biological activity studies of the compounds showed that the metal complexes were more active than the free ligands, and some compounds had absolute specificity for certain bacteria or cancer cell lines.
Exploring Heat-Response Mechanisms of MicroRNAs Based on Microarray Data of Rice Post-meiosis Panicle

To explore heat response mechanisms of mircoRNAs (miRNAs) in rice post-meiosis panicle, microarray analysis was performed on RNA isolated from rice post-meiosis panicles which were treated at 40°C for 0 min, 10 min, 20 min, 60 min, and 2 h. By integrating paired differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and mRNA expression profiles, we found that the expression levels of 29 DE-miRNA families were negatively correlated to their 178 DE-target genes. Further analysis showed that the majority of miRNAs in 29 DE-miRNA families resisted the heat stress by downregulating their target genes and a time lag existed between expression of miRNAs and their target genes. Then, GO-Slim classification and functional identification of these 178 target genes showed that (1) miRNAs were mainly involved in a series of basic biological processes even under heat conditions; (2) some miRNAs might play important roles in the heat resistance (such as osa-miR164, osa-miR166, osa-miR169, osa-miR319, osa-miR390, osa-miR395, and osa-miR399); (3) osa-miR172 might play important roles in protecting the rice panicle under the heat stress, but osa-miR437, osa-miR418, osa-miR164, miR156, and miR529 might negatively affect rice fertility and panicle flower; and (4) osa-miR414 might inhibit the flowering gene expression by downregulation of LOC_Os 05g51830 to delay the heading of rice. Finally, a heat-induced miRNA-PPI (protein-protein interaction) network was constructed, and three miRNA coregulatory modules were discovered.
Measuring attitude towards mathematics using Likert scale surveys: The weighted average

In the research on mathematics education, numerous Likert-type instruments estimating attitudes toward mathematics are sometimes composed of factors with a high correlation, which can make it difficult to assign the statements from the scale to each estimated factor. Further, the measurement of attitudes is usually done by adding the scores but ignoring the existence of possible differences in the importance that each item can have in its factor estimation. A revision of the methodology for the study of attitudes toward mathematics for the correct validation of the instrument is carried out in this research, and an estimation of the factors of attitude is proposed using the calculation of the weighted average of scores based on the importance that each item has in the explanation of its factor, which is given by a structural equation model. This methodology has been applied to Auzmendi’s scale of attitudes toward mathematics measurement in a sample of 1293 university students. The factors were estimated using simple and weighted averages; significant differences have been obtained in the measurements, as well on those shown with the organization proposed by Auzmendi.
Continental‐scale metagenomics, BLAST searches, and herbarium specimens: The Australian Microbiome Initiative and the National Herbarium of Victoria

Premise Motivated to make sensible interpretations of the massive volume of data from the Australian Microbiome Initiative (AusMic), we characterize the soil mycota of Australia. We establish operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from the data and compare these to GenBank and a data set from the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL), Melbourne, Australia. We also provide visualizations of Agaricomycete diversity, drawn from our analyses of the AusMic sequences and taxonomy. Methods The AusMic internal transcribed spacer (ITS) data were filtered to create OTUs, which were searched against the National Center for Biotechnology Information Nucleotide database and the MEL database. We further characterized a portion of our OTUs by graphing the counts of the families and orders of Agaricomycetes. We also graphed AusMic species determinations for Australian Agaricomycetes against latitude. Results Our filtering process generated 192,325 OTUs; for Agaricomycetes, there were 27,730 OTUs. Based on the existing AusMic taxonomy at species level, we inferred the diversity of Australian Agaricomycetes against latitude to be lowest between −20 and −25 decimal degrees. Discussion BLAST comparisons provided reciprocal insights between the three data sets, including the detection of unusual root‐associated species in the AusMic data, insights into mushroom morphology from the MEL data, and points of comparison for the taxonomic determinations between AusMic, GenBank, and MEL. This study provides a tabulation of Australian fungi, different visual snapshots of a subset of those taxa, and a springboard for future studies.
Understanding seasonal migration of Shishamo smelt in coastal regions using environmental DNA

Migratory organisms have their own life histories that efficiently link multiple ecosystems. Therefore, comprehensive understanding of migration ecologies of these organisms is essential for both species conservation and ecosystem management. However, monitoring migration at fine spatiotemporal scales, especially in open marine systems, often requires huge costs and effort. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques that utilize DNA released from living organisms into their environment became available for monitoring wild animals without direct handling. In this study, we conducted an eDNA survey for understanding marine migration of an endemic fish species, Shishamo smelt (Spirinchus lanceolatus). We examined 1) seasonal habitat changes in coastal regions and 2) environmental factors potentially driving the migration of this species. The eDNA concentrations along a 100 km-long coastline exhibited spatiotemporal variation, suggesting that this species shifts their habitat away from nearshore areas between spring and summer. We also found a significantly negative association between the eDNA concentration and sea surface temperature. That finding suggests that the offshore migration of this species is associated with increased sea surface temperature. This study reveals new aspects of S. lanceolatus life history in coastal regions. Together with our previous eDNA study on the freshwater migration of S. lanceolatus, this study illustrates the potential of eDNA techniques for understanding the whole life history of this migratory species.