Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast and precise cache performance estimation for out-of-order execution

Design space exploration (DSE) is a key ingredient of system-level design, enabling designers to quickly prune the set of possible designs and determine, e.g., the number of the processing cores, the mapping of application tasks to cores, and the core configuration such as the cache organization. High-level performance estimation is a principle component of any systemlevel DSE: it has to be fast and sufficiently precise. Modern out-of-order architectures with caches pose a significant problem to this performance estimation process, as no simple one-to-one mapping of the number of cache misses and resulting cycle time exists. We present a high-level cache performance-estimation framework for out-of-order processors. Evaluation shows that our prediction method is on average 15 times faster than cycle-accurate simulation, while our estimates only show an average error of below 3.5%, reduce the pessimism of a naive highlevel performance estimation by around 66%, and still maintain a high fidelity. Our approach thus enables quick yet accurate performance estimation and extends the applicability of systemlevel DSE to out-of-order processors with caches.
Relative Effects of Fertilizer Nitrogen Form and Phosphate Level on Control of Bedding Plant Seedling Growth

belief isthat it isthe highproportion of NO3 – that causes compactness, these formulations also contain no or a low level of phosphate, which can also cause compactness. This study was conducted to assess the relative effects of NO3 – to ammonium (NH4 + ) ratio and phosphate supply, as found in high NO3 – fertilizers, on seedling shoot growth. A series of fertilizerswasformulatedinwhichthelevelofphosphateandproportionofNintheNO3 – form were varied factorially. Additionally, commercial fertilizers varying in these same two nutrient components were tested to verify the results obtained using the formulated fertilizers. Test plants included gomphrena (Gomphrena globosa L.), impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook. F.), petunia (Petunia ·hybrida Juss.), marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), and tomato (Solanum esculentum Mill.) grown as plug seedling crops. A strong inverse relationship occurred between the supply of phosphate and extent of compactness. The relationship between proportion of N in the NO3 – form and compactness was comparatively small. In most comparisons within the study, shoot size increased with increasing proportion of NO3 – , contrary to common belief. These data indicate that it is the limited phosphate level in high NO3 – fertilizers that accounts for compactness rather than the high proportion of N in the NO3 – form.
Association between HOMA-IR and cancer

ABSTRACT Background: Type 2 diabetes which has insulin resistance as a major risk factor among other non-communicable diseases is a major public health concern with increased significance and prevalence worldwide. Cancer on the other hand was a leading cause of death worldwide in 2008 based on data from the WHO and also 3rd leading cause of death in Malaysia ministry of health hospitals. Studies have found links between carcinogenesis and insulin resistance which has been attributed to hyperinsulinemia. However, studies on the South-east Asian/ Malaysia population are largely absent. Insulin sensitivity is known to differ across different ethnicities with South-east Asians and Asian Indians least insulin sensitive. The aim of this study was to determine the association between cancer and Insulin resistance (IR) regardless of the aforementioned trait. Design: Case-control study . Method: Fasting insulin and glucose concentrations (which were used to derive the Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistant HOMA-IR) were determined in 100 respondent of which 45 were cancer patients and 55 in the control group. Data on demographics, anthropometrics, lifestyle and physical activity level and metabolic parameters were also determined in all respondents. Independent sample t-test was used to check for association between cancer and HOMA-IR and logistic regression was used to control for other co-factors. Results: From the results, there was significant difference between the mean HOMA-IR of the cancer group (3.00 ±1.52) compared to that of the controls (2.07 ±0.69) with a p-value of 0.001. Insulin Resistance was also independently associated with cancer (adjusted OR= 12.25. 95%CI = 3.20- 46.83) There was also significant association between obesity and cancer (adjusted OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.08 – 10.31). Conclusion: Even though there were some justifiable discrepancies, significant association was seen between cancer and HOMA-IR in this Malaysian population. These results are in line with previous studies which check for association in select cancers. Keywords: Cancer, Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR, Non-diabetic, Malaysia, Epidemiology.
Seasonal and Diurnal Variations in Abscisic Acid, Water Potential, and Diffusive Resistance in Leaves from Irrigated and Non-irrigated Peach Trees1

Water potential, diffusive resistance, and abscisic acid (ABA) were measured at 10-12 day intervals from May to October in leaves from irrigated and non-irrigated peach (Prunus persica L. cv. Fay Elberta) trees, and measurements were taken at intervals from sunrise to sunset on September 8. Leaf water potential, before sunrise, was between −5 and −8 bars in irrigated trees during the entire season whether drip irrigated at 100% evapotranspiration (ET) or 50% ET. Non-irrigated trees showed a decrease in pre-dawn leaf water potential with time, following a pattern similar to that of decreasing soil moisture. Leaf water potential values taken during the afternoon were not associated with soil moisture and did not reflect the stressed condition of the trees. In non-irrigated trees stomatal resistance at mid-day increased rapidly after mid-summer as leaf water potential decreased. ABA concentration in leaves from irrigated trees ranged from 30 to 80 ng/g fresh wt during the entire season. In non-irrigated trees the ABA concentration increased sharply after mid-summer; this was associated with an increase in leaf diffusive resistance and a decrease in leaf water potential. Diurnal variations in leaf water potential were associated with changes in soil moisture, air temperature, relative humidity, and stomatal resistance. Leaf diffusive resistances were similar for all treatments until 1100 hr after which a notable increase occurred with increasing stress, ultimately leading to stomatal closure. ABA concentrations in leaves from irrigated and non-irrigated trees increased as leaf diffusive resistance increased; however in stressed trees, high levels of ABA in the morning were not associated with closed stomata.
Widespread variation in NSP1, a gene involved in rhizobium nodulation, across species of Acmispon (Fabaceae) from diverse habitats

GRAS proteins comprise a large family of genes that play important roles in regulating gene expression throughout all stages of plant development. The physiological and phylogenetic breadth of GRAS proteins known among model species suggests that they may be useful as molecular genetic markers in non-model species. For example, GRAS genes involved in regulating legume–rhizobium symbioses may reveal ecological and evolutionary variation in these relationships. In this study, we collected sequences from Nodulation Signaling Protein 1 (NSP1), a gene involved in the development of an infection thread through which rhizobia enter roots, in five species of Acmispon Raf. to quantify genetic variation within and between closely related species and to compare sequence divergence in NSP1 from Acmispon with other legumes. We found a high degree of similarity of NSP1 from Acmispon with homologues in other angiosperms. Thirty-two unique alleles were identified within Acmispon, and much of this variation reflects spati.
Determination of Genetic Polymorphism within Güney KaramanSheep-Breed via RAPD-PCR Method

Analysis of individual genotypes aims to provide information for understanding within population genetic parameters such as genetic similarity, polymorphism and heterozygosity. The aims of this research were to determine the genetic parameters within Guney Karaman sheep involved in a protection programme of gene resources by using randomly oligonucleotide primers via Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Among the primers tested, 10 most suitable ones, in terms of repeatability and scorability, were used and 1451 DNA fragments were scored. All the RAPD fragments were determined to be between 600 - 3000 bp in size. From 147 fragments, 133 were polymorphic (90.48%) and 14 fragments were monomorphic (9.52%). Within population average genetic similarity (Fragment Sharing Frequency, Fxy) and genetic distance were calculated as 0.7001 and 0.2991, respectively. The average expected heterozygosity was estimated as 0.3273 ± 0.1697.
Identifying a contact zone between two phylogeographic lineages of Clematis sibirica (Ranunculeae) in the Tianshan and Altai Mountains

Abstract Clematis sibirica, a woody vine occurring primarily under conifer forests, is widespread in northern Eurasia. In this study, we intend to illustrate how the taxon has responded in the area of the Tianshan and Altai Mountains of Central Asia to the Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. The chloroplast intergenic spacer psbA‐trnH was sequenced for 125 individuals from 28 populations, and a total of eight chlorotypes were identified. The presence of definite phylogeographic structure was detected for the species (NST > GST, P < 0.001), and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the eight chlorotypes were clustered into two divergent lineages. They split at approximately 550–690 ka BP, according to coalescence analysis, coincident with the Pleistocene maximum glacial stage in these mountains, which suggests the restriction of these lineages to separate refugia at that time. Spatial analysis of molecular variance likewise divided the sampled populations into two associations, an Altai and eastern Tianshan group (populations 1–17), and a western Tianshan group (populations 18–28). Low levels of genetic diversity and unimodal mismatch distributions were obtained for both of these groups, suggesting postglacial range expansions. During the course of these expansions, mountain ranges surrounding the Dzungarian Basin probably served as migration corridors. In addition, a contact zone was identified in the central Tianshan and eastern Altai Mountains between the two phylogeographic lineages.
The transmission potential of Loma salmonae (Microspora) in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), is dependent upon the method and timing of exposure

The ability of a parasite to transmit from one fish to another is important in the dissemination of disease. Groups of 25 naive rainbow trout (RBT), Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), were exposed to Loma salmonae by feeding on the viscera (gills, hearts and spleens) from L. salmonae-infected donor RBT (DRBT) or by cohabitation with infected DRBT. Exposure occurred 3, 7, 11 and 15 weeks after the DRBT were infected. All naive RBT were examined 7 weeks post-exposure (PE) to the DRBT. Naive RBT, exposed to DRBT at week 3 PE, by feeding on viscera or by cohabitation, failed to develop visible branchial xenomas. Cohabiting naive RBT with DRBT, at week 7 PE and week 11 PE, resulted in the development of branchial xenomas. Xenomas failed to develop in naive RBT exposed via cohabitation to week 15 PE DRBT. Naive RBT, exposed by feeding on the viscera of DRBT at week 7 PE, week 11 PE and week 15 PE, developed branchial xenomas. The transmission potential of viscera from L. salmonae-infected DRBT at week 15 and week 20 PE was also examined. Naive RBT, fed with viscera free of visible branchial xenomas, from DRBT at week 15 PE and week 20 PE, developed branchial xenomas by week 7 PE. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect L. salmonae DNA from the water and sediments of a tank of L. salmonae-infected RBT at week 7 PE. The method and timing of exposure of naive fish to L. salmonae-infected fish are important in disease transmission and may be useful in predicting and preventing disease outbreaks in aquaculture.
The estimation of herbage mass of perennial ryegrass swards: a comparative evaluation of a rising‐plate meter and a single‐probe capacitance meter calibrated at and above ground level

A rising-plate meter and a single-probe capacitance meter were calibrated on perennial ryegrass swards (cultivars S23, Endura, Melle) over the spring and summer (13 March to 14 September 1981). The swards were rotationally grazed by cattle and from mid-June onwards they were irrigated and cut at 5 cm after grazing to remove rejected herbage. Linear regressions were calculated relating meter readings to herbage dry matter mass as measured by cutting 0–2 m2 quadrats to either 18 mm above ground or to ground level. The regression for the rising-plate meter was constant over the spring (slope 275 kg DM ha−1 cm−1) and again over the summer (slope 385 kg DM ha−1 cm−1). The regression for the capacitance meter changed slightly over the spring (slope 11.2 to 14.0 kg DM ha−1 unit reading−1) and was also constant over the summer (slope 20.3 kg DM ha−1 unit reading −1). Correlation coefficients were always above 09 and residual standard deviations ranged from 258–525 in Spring up to 636–918 kg DM ha−1 in summer. Residual standard deviations were lower with the plate meter than with the capacitance meter and were lower with the above-ground cutting height. Neither meter was able to give accurate results with tall rejected herbage containing a build-up of senescent material. Herbage mass below 18 mm was greater on summer than spring swards. When compared with a ground level cut. cutting above ground underestimated herbage mass on summer relative to spring swards; there was also a tendency to underestimate herbage mass on tall pastures relative to short pastures. There was no evidence of a curved relationship between herbage mass and meter reading with either meter and both meters gave readings related to herbage dry matter mass rather than mass of green herbage or water.
Partial characterization of a vicilin-like glycoprotein from seeds of flowering tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris).

A vicilin-like glycoprotein from the seeds of Nicotiana sylvestris, flowering tobacco, has been identified using nanoLC/ESI-MS/MS. Sequences from a fragment of protein demonstrated homology with vicilins from other members of the Solanaceae family, notably potato (Solanum demissum). Reducing and nonreducing SDS-PAGE analyses of the identified protein indicated that fragments resulting from in situ proteolytic processing are joined by intrachain disulphide bonds. Staining with Con A lectin was specifically inhibited by mannose suggested the presence of -linked glycosylation which was confirmed by carbohydrate compositional analysis of PVDF-bound protein subunits. HPAEC-PAD analysis of the monosaccharides released from the glycoprotein by acid hydrolysis revealed glucosamine and mannose. -acetylglucosamine termination of attached oligosaccharides was further verified by inhibitable WGA lectin staining. Immunostaining of PVDF-bound N. sylvestris proteins with antibodies against G. max total protein demonstrated cross-staining at masses corresponding to fragments from the proteolytically processed protein subunits.
Characterization of the 5′ flanking region of the citrus d-limonene synthase gene, which shows a quantitatively preferential expression in peel.

To obtain a peel-specific promoter useful for citrus transgenic research, the 5' flanking region of a citrus d-limonene synthase gene (CitMTSE2), which showed a high degree of expression in the peel of mature fruits, was isolated from the satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library. Promoter activity was characterized by particle bombardment, agroinjection and Arabidopsis transformation analyses. Approximately 5 kbps in the 5' upstream region (PCuMTSE2) contained several cis-motifs relating to guard cell-specific and stress-related genes. PCuMTSE2 fused to the uidA gene was directly incorporated into tissues from citrus and its relatives using particle bombardment. The results showed that PCuMTSE2 conferred β-glucronidase (GUS) activity in fruits rather than in seed and leaf tissues. Agroinjection analysis using citrus fruits showed PCuMTSE2 has promoter activity in peel but not in juice sacs. In a transgenic Arabidopsis-incorporated PCuMTSE2::uidA construct, GUS activity was detected in the joint between the stalk and silique. These results suggest that PCuMTSE2 could be utilized as a promoter regulating the quantitatively preferential expression in peel, and is useful for studies of manipulation by genetic engineering in citrus.
Essential oils on the control of stem and ear rot in maize

Stem and ear rot caused by Stenocarpella maydis are responsible for severe losses in maize production. Treatment of seeds with fungicides may induce environmental damage. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of essential oils extracted from Cymbopogon winterianus, Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon citratus, Corymbia citriodora, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Syzygium aromaticum on the development of in vitro S. maydis. In addition, maize seeds were treated with these essential oils to determine their possible mode of action and effects. The oils from S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and T. vulgaris inhibited fungal development at concentrations higher than 0.025%. The oils from S. aromaticum and C. zeylanicum showed seed germination rates of 89.0% and 84.5%, which were higher than that of the control. The oils from S. aromaticum and C. zeylanicum reduced the pathogen incidence in the seeds to 39.0% and 28.0%, respectively. Further, these oils as well as that from T. vulgaris produced lower reduction of maize stand. Scanning electron microscopy examination revealed that essential oils from S. aromaticum and T. vulgaris acted directly on the conidia, impeding germination. The findings suggest that the oils from S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and T. vulgaris are potential alternatives for maize seed treatment in the control of S. maydis.
Palaeodistribution modelling does not support disjunct Pleistocene refugia in several Central American plant taxa

Aim We combine evidence from palaeoniche modelling studies of several tree species to estimate the extent of Central American forest during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In particular, we ask whether the distributions of these species are likely to have changed since the LGM, and whether LGM distributions coincide with previously proposed Pleistocene refugia in this area.
Optimization of Input Process Parameters Affecting on Springback Effect in Sheet Metal ‘V’ Bending Process for CR2 Grade Steel Sheet of IS 513-2008 Material by Using Taguchi Method

1 ,3PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering Aurangabad, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering Aurangabad, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract One of the sensitive features of sheet metal bending is elastic recovery called springback effect. There are various parameters which affect this springback, so accurate prediction and controlling of springback is essential while designing the tools for bending. In this research work, punch angle, die opening and sheet width are taken as input process parameters affecting springback effect in sheet metal V bending of CR2 grade steel sheet of IS 513-2008 material. Optimization of these parameters done by using Taguchi method and determine the contribution of each process parameters towards springback effect. Experiments design by using Taguchi Techniques, performed experiment, analyze the result, ANOVA carried out and find out the contribution of each parameter on the outcome i.e. springback effect. The experiment is performed on UTM and measured the angle on profile projector. It is seen that among these three parameters the punch angle has 62.92% contribution towards the influence on springbok effect, 29.22% of Die opening and least contribution of sheet width i.e. 4.38%.
Facial Expression Recognition using Covariance Matrix Descriptors and Local Texture Patterns

College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal Master of Science in Computer Engineering Facial Expression Recognition using Covariance Matrix Descriptors and Local Texture Patterns by Ashaylin Naidoo Facial expression recognition (FER) is a powerful tool that is emerging rapidly due to increased computational power in current technologies. It has many applications in the fields of humancomputer interaction, psychological behaviour analysis, and image understanding. However, FER presently is not fully realised due to the lack of an effective facial feature descriptor. The covariance matrix as a feature descriptor is popular in object detection and texture recognition. Its innate ability to fuse multiple local features within a domain is proving to be useful in applications such as biometrics. Developing methods also prevalent in pattern recognition are local texture patterns such as Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Directional Pattern (LDP) because of their fast computation and robustness against illumination variations. This study will examine the performance of covariance feature descriptors that incorporate local texture patterns concerning applications in facial expression recognition. The proposed method will focus on generating feature descriptors to extract robust and discriminative features that can aid against extrinsic factors affecting facial expression recognition, such as illumination, pose, scale, rotation and occlusion. The study also explores the influence of using holistic versus componentbased approaches to FER. A novel feature descriptor referred to as Local Directional Covariance Matrices (LDCM) is proposed. The covariance descriptors will consist of fusing features such as location, intensity and filter responses, and include LBP and LDP into the covariance structure. Tests conducted will examine the accuracy of different variations of covariance features and the impact of segmenting the face into equal sized blocks or special landmark regions, i.e. eyes, nose and mouth, for classification. The results on JAFFE, CK+ and ISED facial expression databases establish that the proposed descriptor achieves a high level of performance for FER at a reduced feature size. The effectiveness of using a component-based approach with special landmarks displayed stable results across different datasets and environments.
Détermination du module d'Young du bois par une méthode dynamique sur carottes de sondage

La methode de la vitesse de propagation d’ondes ultrasonores a ete utilisee pour estimer le module d’Young selon l’axe longitudinal sur des carottes de sondage de 5 mm de diametre. Les resultats ont ete compares avec la methode normalisee basee sur la mesure du module d’Young en flexion statique sur eprouvettes de 2 X 2 X 30 cm, et du module de rupture. Les coefficients de correlation tres eleves obtenus font apparaitre des liaisons extremement etroites entre les trois mesures. Ainsi, la methode a ultrasons sur carottes est capable d’estimer les constantes elastodynamiques du bois. Des futures recherches sont necessaires pour expliquer l’influence de la petite taille de la carotte sur la mesure.