Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors contributing to carbon fluxes from bioenergy harvests in the U.S. Northeast: an analysis using field data

With growing interest in wood bioenergy there is uncertainty over greenhouse gas emissions associated with offsetting fossil fuels. Although quantifying postharvest carbon (C) fluxes will require accurate data, relatively few studies have evaluated these using field data from actual bioenergy harvests. We assessed C reductions and net fluxes immediately postharvest from whole‐tree harvests (WTH), bioenergy harvests without WTH, and nonbioenergy harvests at 35 sites across the northeastern United States. We compared the aboveground forest C in harvested with paired unharvested sites, and analyzed the C transferred to wood products and C emissions from energy generation from harvested sites, including indirect emissions from harvesting, transporting, and processing. All harvests reduced live tree C; however, only bioenergy harvests using WTH significantly reduced C stored in snags (P < 0.01). On average, WTH sites also decreased downed coarse woody debris C while the other harvest types showed increases, although these results were not statistically significant. Bioenergy harvests using WTH generated fewer wood products and resulted in more emissions released from bioenergy than the other two types of harvests, which resulted in a greater net flux of C (P < 0.01). A Classification and Regression Tree analysis determined that it was not the type of harvest or amount of bioenergy generated, but rather the type of skidding machinery and specifics of silvicultural treatment that had the largest impact on net C flux. Although additional research is needed to determine the impact of bioenergy harvesting over multiple rotations and at landscape scales, we conclude that operational factors often associated with WTH may result in an overall intensification of C fluxes. The intensification of bioenergy harvests, and subsequent C emissions, that result from these operational factors could be reduced if operators select smaller equipment and leave a portion of tree tops on site.
Food Super Store Shopping Environment and Consumer Impulsive Buying Behavior

This study examines the impact of food super store shopping on impulsive buying behavior. The results highlight that discounted price, advertisement &promotion, visual merchandising and emotional attachment, have impact on consumer impulsive buying behavior but special occasions and companion’s influence donot impact consumer impulsive buying behavior. The study is based on a sample of food super store buyers from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The exploration is useful for marketers to understand impulsive consumers and their choices. Food super stores are one of the growing businesses in Pakistan; therefore, this study will guide the marketers to understand this market segment effectively. The study also discovers the association between food super store shopping environment and types of consumer impulsive buying behavior which are cognitive impulsive buying and affective impulsive buying.
Cultural Preservation: Rediscovering the Endangered Oral Tradition of Maluku (A Case Study on Kapata of Central Maluku)

Language and culture are two aspects which interchange each other where the language is a medium to get information about the culture. As the product of language and culture, oral tradition plays a vital role in Maluku not only as the most powerful and sacred chant that regulate the life of people but also as the folk song that contains history, advice, and prayer. Kapata nowadays is assumed as the endangered oral traditions in Maluku. To rediscover the endangered oral traditions, descriptive qualitative research by using interview and library study in gaining the supporting information was implemented. Furthermore, this research was aimed (1) to figure out the history of Kapata and the way to preserve it (2) to map out the categories of Kapata and its function in social life, and (3) to elaborate the meaning of language expression conveyed in Kapata . Through this research, it is hoped that Kapata can be preserved by implementing it in formal education, art performance and framing in an advanced documentation so that all generations of Maluku are able to not only to recognize and make use it in social life as the way to preserve the Kapata as an endangered oral tradition.
Attitude Optimal Backstepping Controller Based Quaternion for a UAV

A hierarchical controller design based on nonlinear theory and backstepping technique is developed for a nonlinear and coupled dynamic attitude system using conventional quaternion based method. The derived controller combines the attractive features of optimal controller and the advantages of the backstepping technique leading to a control law which avoids winding phenomena. Performance issues of the controller are illustrated in a simulation study made for a four-rotor vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aerial robot prototype known as the quadrotor aircraft.
A New Era in Submillimetre Continuum Astronomy has Begun: LABOCA Starts Operation on APEX

In May 2007, the Large APEX Bolometer Camera LABOCA was commissioned as a facility instrument on the APEX 12-m submillimetre telescope located at an altitude of 5100 m in northern Chile. The new 870-μm bolometer camera, in combination with the high efficiency of APEX and the excellent atmospheric transmission at the site, offers unprecedented capability in mapping submillimetre continuum emission. An overview of LABOCA and the prospects for science are presented.
Stream Macroinvertebrate Community Responses as Legacies of Forest Harvest at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon

To evaluate long-term effects of forest harvest, we sampled benthic and emergent macroinvertebrate communities in headwater streams through young-growth and old-growth forests in the H.J. Andrews Experi- mental Forest, Oregon, from June, 2003 to June, 2004. Thirty to forty years after harvest, macroinvertebrate density and richness did not differ among streams through young growth and old growth. Effects of deciduous riparian vegetation, including seasonal canopy openings and litterfall, continue to influence patterns of macro- invertebrate responses to forest harvest, as shown by higher densities of shredders in young-growth sites, the timing of emergence within basin pairs, and assemblage differences in two of the pairs of basins. The paired-basin design helped in distinguishing the specific influences of forest age from natural variability of macroinvertebrate distributions within the 5th order Lookout Creek basin. Our study suggests that understanding how macroinvertebrates respond to historical disturbances is enhanced by measures sensitive to changes in life history, such as rates of emergence, and to functional composition that reflect resource availability. FOR . S CI. 53(2):281-293.
Genetic Algorithm based Robust Control for UPS Inverter Control

This paper presents a new technique for designing a robust UPS inverter controller based on the concept of fixed-structure robust controller and a mixed sensitivity method. The uncertainty caused by the parameter changes of motor resistance, motor inductance and load are formulated as multiplicative uncertainty weight, which are used in the objective function in the design. Performance weight is designed based on the closed-loop objective which is normally applied in H∞ optimal control. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is adopted to solve the optimization problem and find the optimal controller. The proposed technique can solve the problem of complicated and high order controller of conventional H∞ optimal control and also retains the robust performance of conventional H∞ optimal control. Simulation results in a UPS inverter control system show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Mountain wave structures occurring within a major orographic precipitation event: Part 2. Evaluation of mesoscale model simulations

Over the past decade, a significant increase in computational power has advanced the ability to use mesoscale models for real-time and research simulations at high resolution. Experience indicates that mesoscale models, when run at sufficiently high resolution, are often capable of simulating accurately the complex kinematic and dynamical structures associated with mountainous terrain (Colle and Mass 1996; Steenburgh and Mass 1996; Doyle et al. 2000). Additionally, increased model resolution (down to 4 km), has been shown to improve the distribution of surface precipitation over major barriers (Colle and Mass 1999; Colle et al. 1999a,b). Yet there are still major problems with high-resolution quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPF), with some studies suggesting significant overprediction present on the windward slopes and often underprediction in the lee. Colle and Mass (1999) identified the need to make improvements to the model's moist physics, particularly the microphysical parameterizations. To investigate the errors in model QPF, several studies have focused on mesoscale models' bulk microphysical parameterizations (BMPs). Such studies have utilized two-dimensional models to investigate sensitivities of BMPs, or simply focused on the differences in surface precipitation and mixing ratios using different BMPs (Colle 2004; Thompson et al. 2004). Most of these studies, however, have lacked a comprehensive set of observations to isolate errors in the models parameterizations of microphysical processes from problems with basic state kinematic and dynamical fields. The second phase of the Improvement of Microphysical PaRameterization through Observational Verification Experiment (IMPROVE-2) provided a unique opportunity to examine microphysical processes over topography and assess the validity of present day numerical model BMPs (Stoelinga et al. 2003). The IMPROVE-2 field experiment, which took place in November and December 2001 over the Oregon Cascades, collected a comprehensive set of observations that provided a detailed depiction of the thermodynamic and kinematic structure of many precipitation events. The collection of kinematic and thermodynamic data simultaneously with microphysical measurements provides a unique opportunity to isolate potential _________________________________________ Corresponding author’s address: Matthew Garvert, University of Washington Seattle, WA, 98195,USA; E-Mail: mgarvert@atmos.washington. edu 4-km 1.33-km
GEOGRAPHICAL LABOUR MOBILITY IN SPAIN - A PANEL DATA APPROACH

In this paper, we study geographical labour mobility taken by workers in Spain from a regional standpoint. Using a panel data set referred to the evolution of these decisions in the 1990-2003 period, the main objective is to determine what are the main variables that influence in labour mobility as well as to quantify their impact. To this respect, regional labour market status, spatial variations in employment opportunities and house prices have turned to be the main determinants. Furthermore, also certain socio-demographic characteristic of workers such as education, marital status and the presence of children in the household are also of great relevant.
Dynamical quantum theory of heat transfer between plasmonic nanosystems

We develop a dynamical theory of heat transfer between two nanosystems. In particular, we consider the resonant heat transfer between two nanoparticles due to the coupling of localized surface modes having a finite spectral width. We model the coupled nanosystem by two coupled quantum mechanical oscillators, each interacting with its own heat bath, and obtain a master equation for the dynamics of heat transfer. The damping rates in the master equation are related to the lifetimes of localized plasmons in the nanoparticles. We study the dynamics towards the steady state and establish connection with the standard theory of heat transfer in steady state. For strongly coupled nanoparticles we predict Rabi oscillations in the mean occupation number of surface plasmons in each nanoparticle.
COMPARISON OF VOID FRACTION CORRELATIONS FOR DRIFT-FLUX MODEL IN VERTICAL UPWARD FLOW

Multiphase flow is a common phenomenon that occurs in a variety of industries, such as petrochemical, refrigeration and chemical. The gas-liquid flows have a spatial and temporal phase distributions in a pipe section, which are related to the phases velocities, thermophysical properties and pipe geometry. Bhagwat and Ghajar (2014) developed a flow pattern independent void fraction correlation using a wide range of literature database in order to estimate the parameters of the drift-flux model, i.e., distribution parameter and local drift velocity. The main objective of this study is to compare the results of total pressure drop applying their set equation with the results using the classical parameters of drift-flux model dependent flow pattern simulated by Lima (2011) and experimental data collected by this author, Bueno (2010), Rosa and Mastelari (2008) and Owen (1986). A steady, onedimensional and isothermal air-water flow through pipes with 0.026m and 0.032m internal diameters were assumed. The frictional pressure drop was estimated using the homogenous approach. The expected result with this analysis is to verify the possibility of despising the use of flow pattern maps in the description of the air-water hydrodynamic behavior. Keywords: Drift-flux model, Flow pattern dependence, Isothermal flow
Pre-participation cardiac screening: Considerations for young athletes

This article is the first of two focusing on the utility and evidence base for pre-participation cardiac screening in competitive athletic populations. The second article will focus on the diagnostic value of different screening modalities used in the large-scale screening of athletic populations. The current article, however, focuses on the incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletic populations and goes on to consider the effectiveness of cardiac screening programmes for reducing the risk of SCD. Cardiac screening in athletic populations is problematic as it may be difficult to distinguish between physiological adaptations resulting from a specific exercise training stimulus and pathological conditions. Different types of chronic exercise training can induce eccentric or concentric myocardial hypertrophy, which may mimic pathological conditions. The final section discusses some of the practical issues that a clinician may face when needing to advise a young athlete to either stop or modify his/her habitual patterns of physical activity including future exercise considerations.
An internet questionnaire study into predictors of gay men’s social physique anxiety

Previous research has shown that gay men are at particular risk from body image issues. This study aimed to investigate how media factors, gender role, and body dissatisfaction influenced gay men’s social physique anxiety. An internet snowball sample of 191 gay men completed an online questionnaire measuring internalisation of media messages, gay magazine and pornography exposure, male gender role identification, muscle and fat dissatisfaction, and social physique anxiety. A hierarchical regression and ANOVAs were used to investigate the effects of the variables on social physique anxiety. General media internalisation, male gender role, and muscle and fat dissatisfaction were uniquely predictive of social physique anxiety. Those with high media internalisation had significantly higher social physique anxiety than those with low media internalisation. Those with higher male gender role identification had significantly lower social physique anxiety than those with low male gender role identification. Male gender role, media influences and body dissatisfaction can all be used in the prediction of body image based anxiety. Recommendations for further study are made in terms of different age groups, feelings of belonging within the gay community, and different gay subcultures.
THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF REMEMBERING

Remembering the location of a parked car or reminiscing about a recently attended symphony event are both perceptions of the past that often include rich sensory and contextual details of the original episode. For much of the past century, remembering was considered taboo for scientific exploration because of unease about exploring subjective phenomena. Progress in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and, more recently, brainimaging research, has provided experimental tools for the objective investigation of remembering, and provided a means to link cognitive-level description with underlying neural processes. Recent findings indicate that acts of remembering separate into component processes that are subserved by dissociable brain regions. In this review, we consider evidence for these separate neural components and how they might combine to orchestrate an act of remembering. Our discussion is framed in terms of the strategic aspects of attempting to remember and the products of a memory attempt (for more expansive models of retrieval, see REFS 1–9).
Brand Image, Satisfaction, and Brand Loyalty - How Effective Are They in the Automotive Industry Market Share

The study analyzes the influence of satisfaction, image, and loyalty on market share within the automotive industry by using real market data to capture market share of the car brands within the study. The results of the study confirm that automobile companies, which operate in a very competitive and dynamic environment need to ensure customer satisfaction and positive brand image, that collectively affect customer loyalty to keep sustainable growth. Keywords: brand image, brand loyalty, market share, satisfaction
Investigating Mixed-Ability Teaching in Taiwanese Primary Schools

In 2001, Taiwan reformed English language teaching in primary schools, and a mixed ability approach was taken as an organisational method for this. Many teachers claim that they encounter numerous difficulties in catering for different needs because of the large number of differences between students. However, the debate and comparisons between the traditional streamed approach and the current mixed ability approach continues in Taiwan. This study seeks to explore Taiwanese English teachers’ attitudes towards MAT (mixed ability teaching) and MAC (mixed ability class) in primary schools. To do this, a questionnaire was distributed to 80 English teachers in Taiwanese primary schools. The findings show that the majority of the participants agree that the mixed-ability approach can help students fit into society; however, over one third of the teachers did not agree that students can learn effectively in MAT and over half claimed that they had difficulties catering for different individuals, especially the ablest and weakest students. Furthermore, they state that the current class size, learning hours, equipment and other additional factors cause difficulties for MAT (mixed ability teaching).
The Effect of Coil Geometry and Magnetic Circuit on the Flux Lines Trajectory of the Magnetic Lenses

The present research includes studying the effect of position and geometrical shape of the coil on magnetic flux lines trajectory also on the shape of the magnetic flux density distribution of a single polepiece lens where by its objective focal properties were designed and studied previously by researchers. It has been noticed that the change in coil position in comparison with the original design causes important improvement in the magnetic flux lines distribution inside the structure of the lens and clearly increasing the value of the magnetic flux density peak. Besides, the conical and vertical iron shroud was introduced to the original lens giving a clear effect in improving the lens performance and magnetic flux lines path, furthermore, increasing the magnetic flux peak as well as decreasing the half-width as a result the objective focal properties of the lens lead to a large improvement in lens performance comparing with the optical properties of the original lens design.
Palaeoclimatic control of Upper Pliocene Discoaster assemblages in the North Atlantic

Abundance variations of six Pliocene species of the nannofossil genus Discoaster were analyzed over the time interval 1.89–2.95 Ma at five sites in the North Atlantic; DSDP 552 (56°N), DSDP 607 (41°N), ODP 659 (18°N), ODP 658 (20°N) and ODP 662 (1°S). Individual species are compared between the five sites as a percentage of the total Discoaster assemblage, using age models based mainly on Discoaster datums (3 control points used at each site). The sampling interval is approximately 3 kyrs. Discoaster brouweri, the only species covering the complete time interval became a less significant component of the assemblages with increasing latitude during the interval prior to 2.3 Ma. Discoaster triradiatus shows a distinct abundance acme at all sites between 1.89–2.7 Ma. Discoaster surculus increased in relative abundance with higher latitudes and upwelling conditions (ODP Site 658). Discoaster pentaradiatus is an important component of the assemblages at all sites, but displays an inverse abundance relationship with D. surculus as a function of increasing latitude and upwelling conditions. Discoaster tamalis and Discoaster asymmetricus are reduced at low latitudes and in upwelling conditions and increase relative to D. brouweri at higher latitudes, where there is strong evidence for taxonomic affinity.
The application of adiabatic method for the description of impurity states in quantum nanostructures

In the framework of effective mass approximation the application of adiabatic method for the description of impurity states in quantum dots, wires and wells with parabolic confinement potential as well as rectangular infinitely-high potential is presented. A rate of convergence of the method and efficiency of the proposed program complex for solving a boundary value problem, realized by the finite element method, is demonstrated on examples of calculation of spectral and optical characteristics of the considered quantum nanostructures.
Comparison of practical color application by visual artists in different fields : a sharing of their learning, teaching, and practical experience of color theory

Based on the practical experience in painting for more than 30 years, the author has developed a new practical color theory based on the Munsell Color Space. The author published findings through comparing it with a more popular teaching framework based on the Itten Color Wheel at the 3rd International Conference on Creative Industry, Bali, Indonesia, on August 2015. As an extension of the pedagogical research in the teaching of color theory, the author has carried out a series of interviews with visual artists in different areas. Some of these visual artists currently involve in the art education as well. Therefore, the sharing of their experience in their learning, practice, and teaching of color theory will serve as good qualitative data for the development of a robust color theory training approach to benefit our current tertiary visual art students. The background of these visual artists covers art educators, architects, fine artists (painters), a comic artist/an illustrator, a visual communication artist, a product designer, and a film-maker while a few of them have profession in more than one areas stated above.
The importance of Perron-Frobenius Theorem in ranking problems

The problem of ranking a set of elements, namely giving a ``rank'' to the elements of the set, may be tackled in many different ways. In particular a mathematically based ranking scheme can be used and sometimes it may be interesting to see how different can be the results of a mathematically based method compared with some more heuristic ways. In this working paper some remarks are presented about the importance, in a mathematical approach to ranking schemes, of a classical result from Linear Algebra, the Perron--Frobenius theorem. To give a motivation of such an importance two different contexts are taken into account, where a ranking problem arises: the example of ranking football/soccer teams and the one of ranking webpages in the approach proposed and implemented by Google's PageRank algorithm.