Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Converting P-Values in Adaptive Robust Lower Bounds of Posterior Probabilities to increase the reproducible Scientific "Findings"

We put forward a novel calibration of p values, the "Adaptive Robust Lower Bound" (ARLB) which maps p values into approximations of posterior probabilities taking into account the effect of sample sizes. We build on the Robust Lower Bound proposed by Sellke, Bayarri and Berger (2001), but we incorporate a simple power of the sample size to make it adaptive to different amounts of data. We present several illustrations from where it is apparent that the ARLB closely approximates exact Bayes Factors. In particular, it has the same asymptotics as posterior probabilities but avoiding the problems of "Bayesian Information Criterion" (BIC) for small samples relative to the number of parameters. We prove that the ARLB is consistent as the sample size grows, and that it is information consistent (Berger and Pericchi, 2001) for the canonical Normal case, but with methods that are keen to be generalized. So ARLB also avoids the problems of certain conjugate priors as g-priors. In summary, this is a novel criterion easy to apply, as it only requires a real p value, a sample size and parameter dimensionality. This method is intended to aid the practitioners, who are increasingly aware of the lack of reproducibility of traditional hypothesis testing "findings" but at the same time, lack of concrete simple alternatives. Here is one.
Chronic social defeat stress: Impacts on ethanol-induced stimulation, corticosterone response, and brain monoamine levels

Background: Chronic exposure to stress may dysregulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and brain monoamine levels, contributing to the development of ethanol dependence. Exposure to chronic social defeat stress may impact ethanol-related effects, neural, and endocrine functions. Aim: This study assessed ethanol-induced locomotor activity, corticosterone responses, and brain monoamine levels in Swiss albino mice 10 days post-exposure to chronic social defeat stress. Methods: During a period of 10 days, male Swiss mice were exposed to daily defeat episodes, followed by housing with an aggressive mouse for 24 h. Control mice were housed in pairs and rotated every 24 h. Ten days post-stress, locomotor behavior was recorded after a challenge with ethanol (2.2 g/kg; intraperitoneal) or saline. After the test, blood and brain samples were collected for determination of plasma corticosterone and brain monoamines across different brain areas through high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Defeated mice failed to show a stimulant locomotor response to ethanol, while controls displayed the expected ethanol-induced stimulation. Ethanol increased plasma corticosterone levels, with lower corticosterone secretion in defeated mice. Brain monoamines were affected by social defeat and ethanol, varying in different brain regions. Social stress reduced levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin in the hypothalamus. Defeated mice presented reduced serotonin and dopamine levels in the frontal cortex. In the striatum, ethanol treatment increased dopamine levels in controls, but failed to do so in defeated mice. Conclusions: Our results suggest that chronic exposure to social defeat blunted ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation, and reduced ethanol-induced corticosterone secretion. Social stress promoted differential reductions in brain monoamine levels in the hypothalamus and frontal cortex and blunted ethanol-induced dopamine increases in the striatum.
Relationship between Cellular Senescence and Redox Potential on Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cells

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a human retrovirus and an etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/ ATLL). The subtypes acute and lymphoma have a poor prognosis with median survival rate of approximately 6 months. Some excellent therapeutic strategies for ATL are required. Retinoids [all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and tamibarotene (Am-80) have been reported to inhibit the in vitro growth of HTLV-1 [+] T-cell lines and that of fresh cells obtained from patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We showed a clinical efficacy of retinoid therapy in treating ATL has also been evaluated. Further, we found that retinoid induced cellular senescence on ATL cells and tight relationship between cellular senescence and redox potential on ATL cells.
Chronic testicular Chlamydia muridarum infection impairs mouse fertility and offspring development†

Abstract With approximately 131 million new genital tract infections occurring each year, Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen worldwide. Male and female infections occur at similar rates and both cause serious pathological sequelae. Despite this, the impact of chlamydial infection on male fertility has long been debated, and the effects of paternal chlamydial infection on offspring development are unknown. Using a male mouse chronic infection model, we show that chlamydial infection persists in the testes, adversely affecting the testicular environment. Infection increased leukocyte infiltration, disrupted the blood:testis barrier and reduced spermiogenic cell numbers and seminiferous tubule volume. Sperm from infected mice had decreased motility, increased abnormal morphology, decreased zona-binding capacity, and increased DNA damage. Serum anti-sperm antibodies were also increased. When both acutely and chronically infected male mice were bred with healthy female mice, 16.7% of pups displayed developmental abnormalities. Female offspring of chronically infected sires had smaller reproductive tracts than offspring of noninfected sires. The male pups of infected sires displayed delayed testicular development, with abnormalities in sperm vitality, motility, and sperm-oocyte binding evident at sexual maturity. These data suggest that chronic testicular Chlamydia infection can contribute to male infertility, which may have an intergenerational impact on sperm quality. Summary sentence Testicular C. muridarum infection results in tissue damage and poor sperm quality and gives rise to offspring with serious abnormalities and developmental delays.
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated TERT Disruption in Cancer Cells

Mammalian telomere lengths are primarily regulated by telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein consisting of a reverse transcriptase (TERT) and an RNA subunit (TERC). TERC is constitutively expressed in all cells, whereas TERT expression is temporally and spatially regulated, such that in most adult somatic cells, TERT is inactivated and telomerase activity is undetectable. Most tumor cells activate TERT as a mechanism for preventing progressive telomere attrition to achieve proliferative immortality. Therefore, inactivating TERT has been considered to be a promising means of cancer therapy. Here we applied the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to target the TERT gene in cancer cells. We report that disruption of TERT severely compromises cancer cell survival in vitro and in vivo. Haploinsufficiency of TERT in tumor cells is sufficient to result in telomere attrition and growth retardation in vitro. In vivo, TERT haploinsufficient tumor cells failed to form xenograft after transplantation to nude mice. Our work demonstrates that gene editing-mediated TERT knockout is a potential therapeutic option for treating cancer.
Earnings Management and Initial Public Offerings : The Case of the Depository Industry 1

In a typical IPO, insiders are “net sellers” of IPO shares; however, in a demutualizing thrift insiders are “net buyers” of IPO shares. Using a sample of mutual and non-mutual depository IPOs, we find evidence consistent with earnings management prior to the conversion of mutual thrifts. We find on average that mutuals report lower ROA and increased loan loss provisions and loan loss reserves in the period prior to the demutualization. Using a two-stage approach, we also find that the level of discretionary loan loss provisions is positively related to the first day returns to investors in mutuals. Our results are consistent with management of mutual thrifts benefiting at the conversion from reduced pre-IPO earnings and book equity resulting from earnings management.
Isolation of (+)-Catechin from Acacia Catechu (Cutch Tree) by a Convenient Method

Biologically important polyphenol (+)-catechin was isolated from catechu, the extract of the red heartwood of Acacia Catechu tree (Khoiyer tree). The isolation procedure was developed to get better yield (25%) and to reduce the isolation cost and time. The structure of the isolated (+)-catechin was confirmed with several spectral analyses and chemical studies. Keywords : Â Acacia Catechu; (+)-catechin; Polyphenol. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. Â DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2. 1635
Multi-scale Fusion and Channel Weighted CNN for Acoustic Scene Classification

Ensemble semantic features are useful for acoustic scene classification. In this paper, we proposed a multi-scale fusion and channel weighted CNN framework. The framework consists of two stages: the multi-scale feature fusion and channel weighting stages. The multi-scale feature fusion stage extracts hierarchy semantic feature maps using a CNN with simplified Xception architecture and then integrates multi-scale semantic features through a top-down pathway. The channel weighting stage squeezes feature maps into a channel descriptor and then transforms it into a set of channel weighting factors to reinforce the importance of each channel for acoustic scene classification. Experimental results on DCASE2018 acoustic scene classification subtask A and subtask B demonstrate the performances of the proposed framework.
Comparative Analysis of Data Mining Techniques for Malaysian Rainfall Prediction

Climate change prediction analyses the behaviours of weather for a specific time. Rainfall forecasting is a climate change task where specific features such as humidity and wind will be used to predict rainfall in specific locations. Rainfall prediction can be achieved using classification task under Data Mining. Different techniques lead to different performances depending on rainfall data representation including representation for long term (months) patterns and short-term (daily) patterns. Selecting an appropriate technique for a specific duration of rainfall is a challenging task. This study analyses multiple classifiers such as Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Neural Network and Random Forest for rainfall prediction using Malaysian data. The dataset has been collected from multiple stations in Selangor, Malaysia. Several pre-processing tasks have been applied in order to resolve missing values and eliminating noise. The experimental results show that with small training data (10%) from 1581 instances Random Forest correctly classified 1043 instances. This is the strength of an ensemble of trees in Random Forest where a group of classifiers can jointly beat a single classifier.
Making Sense of Violent Events in Public Spaces

Abstract Violence in public spaces gives headlines in the media and is an issue of great concern for the public. It is threatening both on the societal and private level and shakes our belief in the rational and secure social world that was formulated by modernity and the welfare state. The article takes it point of departure in unforeseeable violent events in public spaces that in the media are labelled acts of madness and in which the perpetrators are pointed out as suffering from mental disorders. Results are presented from a study of how citizens attach social and cultural meanings to such events and it is shown how the meanings can be understood in relation to transformations in the emotional-cognitive climate of contemporary society. A culturally conditioned fear and worry, dilemmas and processes of individualization are discussed as crucial dimensions in institutional and public thinking about society and everyday life.
Preoperative and post‐operative psychosocial interventions for bariatric surgery patients: A systematic review

Psychosocial interventions are increasingly being utilized to help patients prepare for, and adjust to changes following, bariatric surgery in order to optimize psychosocial adjustment and weight loss. The current systematic review examined the impact of preoperative and post‐operative psychosocial interventions with a behavioural and/or cognitive focus on weight, dietary behaviours, eating pathology, lifestyle behaviours, and psychological functioning. A PsycINFO and Medline search of publications was conducted in March 2019. Two authors assessed retrieved titles and abstracts to determine topic relevance and rated the quality of included studies using a validated checklist. Forty‐four articles (representing 36 studies) met the study inclusion criteria. The current evidence is strongest for the impact of psychosocial interventions, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy, on eating behaviours (eg, binge eating and emotional eating) and psychological functioning (eg, quality of life, depression, and anxiety). The evidence for the impact of psychosocial interventions on weight loss, dietary behaviours (eg, dietary intake), and lifestyle behaviours (eg, physical activity) is relatively weak and mixed. Psychosocial interventions can improve eating pathology and psychosocial functioning among bariatric patients, and the optimal time to initiate treatment appears to be early in the post‐operative period before significant problematic eating behaviours and weight regain occur.
Occupational chemical exposures in pregnancy and fetal growth: evidence from the Born in Bradford Study

Objectives This prospective birth cohort study evaluated the effect of occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) during pregnancy on inadequate fetal growth as measured by small-for-gestational age (SGA) and inadequate fetal growth measured by percentage of optimal birth weight (POBW). The study also identified the maternal characteristics associated with an increased risk of exposure to EDC. Methods We studied 4142 pregnant women who were in paid employment during pregnancy and participated in a population-based, prospective 2007–2011 birth cohort study, the Born in Bradford Study, with an estimated participation of 80%. Job titles were coded at 26–28 weeks’ gestation at a 4-digit level according to 353 unit groups in the 2000 UK Standard Occupational Classification. They were then linked to expert judgment on exposure to each of ten EDC groups as assessed through a job exposure matrix (JEM). We performed generalized estimation equation modelling by a modified Poisson regression to assess the risk of POBW and SGA associated with an increased risk of chemical exposures. Results The frequency of POBW<85 significantly increased for mothers exposed to pesticides [adjusted risk ratio (RRadj) 3.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40–9.91] and phthalates (RRadj 3.71, 95% CI 1.62–8.51). There was a 5-fold increase risk of SGA for mothers exposed to pesticides (RRadj 5.45, 95% CI 1.59–18.62). Veterinary nurses and horticultural trades were most frequently associated with exposure to pesticides while hairdressers, beauticians, and printing machine minders were associated with phthalates. Conclusion Maternal occupational exposure to estimated concentrations of pesticides and phthalates is associated with impaired fetal growth.
IKDMM: Iterative Knowledge Distillation Mask Model for Robust Acoustic Beamforming

Microphone array beamforming has been approved to be an effective method for suppressing adverse interferences. Recently, acoustic beamformers that employ neural networks (NN) for estimating the time-frequency (T-F) mask, termed as TFMask-BF, receive tremendous attention and have shown great benefits as a front-end for noise-robust Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). However, our preliminary experiments using TFMask-BF for ASR task show that the mask model trained with simulated data cannot perform well in the real environment since there is a data mismatch problem. In this study, we adopt the knowledge distillation learning framework to make use of real-recording data together with simulated data in the training phase to reduce the impact of the data mismatch. Moreover, a novel iterative knowledge distillation mask model (IKDMM) training scheme has been systematically developed. Specifically, two bi-directional long short-term memory (BLSTM) models, are designed as a teacher mask model (TMM) and a student mask model (SMM). The TMM is trained with simulated data at each iteration and then it is employed to separately generate the soft mask labels of both simulated and real-recording data.The simulated data and the real-recording data with their corresponding generated soft mask labels are formed into the new training data to train our SMM at each iteration. The proposed approach is evaluated as a front-end for ASR on the six-channel CHiME-4 corpus. Experimental results show that the data mismatch problem can be reduced by our IKDMM, leading to a 5% relative Word Error Rate (WER) reduction compared to conventional TFMask-BF for the real-recording data under noisy conditions.
Solving Eigenvalue problem as an optimization problem on Manifold

We want to solve the generalized eigenvalue problem by posing it as an optimization problem on manifold. It is based on a constrained truncated-GMRES [8] trust-region strategy to optimize the Rayleigh quotient, in the framework of a recently-proposed trust-region scheme on Riemannian manifolds [1--5].
The role of Yamamoto new scalp acupuncture as an independent treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a case report

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a disease with an annual incidence of 5 to 20 per 100,000 people and is defined as a rapid loss of hearing of at least three consecutive test frequencies >30 dB in 3 days or less.1 Yamamoto new scalp acupuncture (YNSA) was developed by Japanese doctor Toshikatsu Yamamoto as an independent acupuncture system. This system is based on somatotopic representation rather than traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). YNSA is now widely known in Japan, Europe, and the United States. YNSA can quickly relieve pain in the locomotor system2 and in neurological diseases. The therapy consists of four “main systems” (Figure 1). There are many methods of treating SSHL including: (1) steroid therapy; (2) early hyperbaric oxygenation therapy; and (3) TCM acupuncture. Although many studies have been conducted on these three therapies for the treatment of SSHL, YNSA as a principal treatment for SSHL has not been evaluated. Here we report the successful application of YNSA in an adult patient with acute SSHL. This case report was approved by Taipei Medical University Joint Institutional Review Board (case no. N201907063).
DFT Protocol for EPR Prediction of Paramagnetic Cu(II) Complexes and Application to Protein Binding Sites

With the aim to provide a general protocol to interpret electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of paramagnetic copper(II) coordination compounds, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of spin Hamiltonian parameters g and A for fourteen Cu(II) complexes with different charges, donor sets, and geometry were carried out using ORCA software. The performance of eleven functionals was tested, and on the basis of the mean absolute percent deviation (MAPD) and standard deviation (SD), the ranking of the functionals for Az is: B3LYP > B3PW91 ~ B3P86 > PBE0 > CAM-B3LYP > TPSSh > BH and HLYP > B2PLYP > MPW1PW91 > ω-B97x-D >> M06; and for gz is: PBE0 > BH and HLYP > B2PLYP > ω-B97x-D > B3PW91~B3LYP~B3P86 > CAM-B3LYP > TPSSh~MPW1PW91 >> M06. With B3LYP the MAPD with respect to A z exp t l is 8.6% with a SD of 4.2%, while with PBE0 the MAPD with respect to g z exp t l is 2.9% with a SD of 1.1%. The results of the validation confirm the fundamental role of the second order spin-orbit contribution to Az. The computational procedure was applied to predict the values of gz and Az of the adducts formed by Cu(II) with albumin and two fragments of prion protein, 106–126 and 180–193.
Reflexive Interaction: Extending the concept of Peripheral Interaction

Human-computer interaction (HCI) continues to evolve and interaction scenarios have to fulfill mobility, flexibility, and ad-hoc interaction where ever users are. To address this, traditional interaction concepts are being extended. While Peripheral Interaction was previously introduced, it still remains as a rather broad concept, intersecting with others, and thus creating space for further definitions. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of Reflexive Interaction, which can be viewed as a specific manifestation of Peripheral Interaction. In contrast, Reflexive Interaction is envisioned to be executed at a secondary task without involving substantial cognitive effort. It allows the user to perform very short interactions, shorter than Microinteractions, without straining the user's main interaction channels occupied with the primary task. To clearly classify Reflexive Interaction in respect to previous interaction concepts, we use a taxonomy relying on an attention-based HCI model.
1 SMART PHONES SUPPORT SMART LABOR

Besides enabling communication, mobile phones and smartphones support information flows and financial transactions, especially in developing countries, where the coverage of landline networks is limited. Drawing upon new data from rural households in Southeast Asia, this paper shows that mobile phone or smartphone ownership supports local employment and commuting while it reduces incentives for migration of workers.
FLAVONOIDAL CONTENT OF VANGUERIA INFAUSTA EXTRACT GROWN IN EGYPT: INVETIGATION OF ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

Chromatographic purification of methanolic extract of Vangueria infausta leaves grown in Egypt led to isolation of five flavonoids namely luteolin-7-Orutinoside, apigenin7-Orutinoside, luteolin-4` -Oglucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin. Also, the extract revealed both free radical (DPPH), H2O2 scavenging activities and reducing power potential as compared to rutin. The extract showed promising activity that may limit free radical and oxidative damage.
Molecular and Biological Characterization of the First Hypovirus Identified in Fusarium oxysporum

A novel mycovirus named Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi hypovirus 2 (FodHV2) has been identified infecting isolates Fod 408 and Fod 409 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi from Morocco. The genome of FodHV2 is 9,444 nucleotides long excluding the poly(A) tail, and has a single open reading frame encoding a polyprotein. The polyprotein contains three highly conserved domains of UDP glucose/sterol glucosyltransferase, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and viral RNA helicase. In addition, particular residues of Cys, Hys, and Gly detected in the N-terminal region suggest the presence of the catalytic site of a highly diverged papain-like protease. Genomic organization, presence of particular conserved motifs, and phylogenetic analyses based on multiple alignments clearly grouped FodHV2 with the members of the family Hypoviridae. FodHV2 was transferred by hyphal anastomosis to a recipient HygR-tagged virus-free strain. The comparison of the infected and non-infected isogenic strains showed that FodHV2 did not alter the vegetative growth, neither the conidiation nor the virulence of its fungal host. Efficiency of FodHV2 transmission through the conidia was 100% in both the original and the recipient infected-isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a hypovirus infecting the plant pathogen F. oxysporum, and also the first one of a hypovirus detected in a fungal strain from the African continent.