Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selecting the best model to fit the Rainfall Count data Using Some Zero Type models with application

28 Counts data models cope with the response variable counts, where the number of times that a certain event occurs in a fixed point is called count data, its observations consists of non-negative integers values {0,1,2,…}. Because of the nature of count data, the response variables are usually considered doing not follow normal distribution. Therefore, linear regression is not an appropriate method to analysis count data due to the skewed distribution. Hence, using linear regression model to analysis count data is likely to bias the results, under these limitations, Poisson regression model and “Negative binomial regression” are likely the appropriate models to analysis count data. Sometimes researchers may Counts more zeros than the expected. Count data with many Zeros leads to a concept called “Zero-inflation”. Data with abundant zeros are especially popular in health, marketing, finance, econometric, ecology, statistics quality control, geographical, and environmental fields when counting the occurrence of certain behavioral and natural events, such as frequency of alcohol use, take drugs, number of cigarettes smoked, the occurrence of earthquakes, rainfall, and etc. Some models have been used to analyzing count data such as the “zero- altered Poisson” (ZAP) model and the “negative binomial” model. In this paper, the models, Poisson, Negative Binomial, ZAP, and ZANB were been used to analyze rainfall data.
A Fluidelastic Model for the Nonlinear Dynamics of Two-Dimensional Inverted Flags

A nonlinear fluid-elastic model is proposed for the study of the dynamics of inverted flags. The quasi-steady version of Theodorsen’s unsteady aerodynamic theory is used for inviscid fluid-dynamic modelling of the deforming flag in axial flow. Polhamus’s leading edge suction analogy is employed to model flow separation effects from the free end at moderate angles of attack via a nonlinear vortex-lift force. The flag is modelled structurally via a geometrically-exact Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Using the extended Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear partial-integro-differential equation governing the dynamics of the inverted flag in terms of the angle of rotation of the flag is obtained. The equation of motion is discretised spatially via the Galerkin method and is integrated in time via Gear’s backward differentiation formula. The bifurcation diagrams are obtained using a time-integration method and pseudo-arclength continuation. It is shown that inverted flags undergo multiple bifurcations with respect to flow velocity, and they generally exhibit four dynamical states: (i) stretched-straight, (ii) buckled, (iii) deflected-flapping, and (iv) large-amplitude flapping. Also, flapping of inverted flags probably develops through fluid-elastic instabilities. Our findings suggest that the system dynamics is sensitive to the mass ratio. It is shown that the mass ratio parameter does not affect the stability of the stretched-straight state and the onset of divergence; however, it controls the possibility of a direct transition from static undeflected equilibrium to large-amplitude flapping motion and it affects the amplitude of large-amplitude flapping.
Wideband Circularly Polarized Substrate-Integrated Embedded Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications

A singly fed wideband circularly polarized (CP) substrate-integrated dielectric resonator antenna (SIDRA) is proposed for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The SIDRA consists of an inner cylindrical dielectric resonator (DR), an outer ring DR, and a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. To generate CP fields, a cross-slot formed by two rectangular slots with different lengths is utilized to feed the DRA at its bottom. It has been found that owing to the embedded structure, the fundamental HEM<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{11\delta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mode of the inner DR and the higher order HEM<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{12\delta +1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mode of the entire DR can be excited simultaneously, at adjacent frequencies. Moreover, owing to the different loading effects of the two feeding slots, the resonance frequencies of the nearly degenerate DR modes excited by the two slots are slightly different from each other. The two nearly degenerate modes lead to the wide impedance and axial ratio (AR) bandwidths of 34.6% and ~30%, respectively. In addition, due to the surrounding SIW cavity, the directivity of the antenna is greatly improved as compared with that of the isolated counterpart, with the maximum gain given by 8.15 dBic.
COMPUTER LITERACY AND JOB PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES AND OFFICIALS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CALINOG.

This study determined the computer literacy and job performance of government employees and officials in the Municipality of Calinog, Calinog, Iloilo, Philippines as practice by the respondents. Descriptive type of research was utilized in the study. Results showed that respondents are skilled in computer operations skills, set up maintenance and troubleshooting, word processing, introductory desktop publishing, spreadsheet/graphing, databases networking, telecommunications but moderately skilled in media communication. They are average and high in different aspects of job performance. It means that in these aspects, there are still areas for improvement.
Reconstruction of Planar Domains from Partial Integral Measurements

We consider the problem of reconstruction of planar domains from their moments. Specifically, we consider domains with boundary which can be represented by a union of a finite number of pieces whose graphs are solutions of a linear differential equation with polynomial coefficients. This includes domains with piecewise-algebraic and, in particular, piecewise-polynomial boundaries. Our approach is based on one-dimensional reconstruction method of [Bat]* and a kind of "separation of variables" which reduces the planar problem to two one-dimensional problems, one of them parametric. Several explicit examples of reconstruction are given. Another main topic of the paper concerns "invisible sets" for various types of incomplete moment measurements. We suggest a certain point of view which stresses remarkable similarity between several apparently unrelated problems. In particular, we discuss zero quadrature domains (invisible for harmonic polynomials), invisibility for powers of a given polynomial, and invisibility for complex moments (Wermer's theorem and further developments). The common property we would like to stress is a "rigidity" and symmetry of the invisible objects. * D.Batenkov, Moment inversion of piecewise D-finite functions, Inverse Problems 25 (2009) 105001
Search for vectorlike leptons in multilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at 
s=13  TeV

A search for vectorlike leptons in multilepton final states is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016 and 2017. Events are categorized by the multiplicity of electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying τ leptons. The missing transverse momentum and the scalar sum of the lepton transverse momenta are used to distinguish the signal from background. The observed results are consistent with the expectations from the standard model hypothesis. The existence of a vectorlike lepton doublet, coupling to the third-generation standard model leptons in the mass range of 120–790 GeV, is excluded at 95% confidence level. These are the most stringent limits yet on the production of a vectorlike lepton doublet, coupling to the third-generation standard model leptons.
Criteria for Weighted Moving-Mean Method

The moving-mean method is one of the conventional approaches for trend-extraction from a data set. It is usually applied in an empirical way. The smoothing degree of the trend depends on the selections of window length and weighted coefficients, which are associated with the change pattern of the data. Are there any uniform criteria for determining them? The present article is a reaction to this fundamental problem. By investigating many kinds of data, the results show that: 1) Within a certain range, the more points which participate in moving-mean, the better the trend function. However, in case the window length is too long, the trend function may tend to the ordinary global mean. 2) For a given window length, what matters is the choice of weighted coefficients. As the five-point case concerned, the local-midpoint, local-mean and global-mean criteria hold. Among these three criteria, the local-mean one has the strongest adaptability, which is suggested for your usage.
The Roles of Sketching in Supporting Creative Design

Abstract Freehand sketching has traditionally been considered as an essential part of the design process. However, despite extensive literature on the subject, the roles that sketching play in design are still not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this PhD study is to identify and understand the roles sketching plays in supporting creative design work and to develop means to enhance the creative performance of designers. The research methodology is composed of three phases. Hypotheses first emerged from the review of the literature, which then led to three descriptive studies, a pilot study and two surveys with design students and professionals respectively. Data collected from these studies will be used to test and verify the hypotheses. An id-Sketching Toolkit will be developed and tested during the prescriptive study to facilitate the effective use of sketching in design.
Implied Binomial Trees with Cubic Spline Smoothing

The binomial model is a workhorse of numerical option pricing. But the plain vanilla model produces a risk-neutral probability density for the stock price at expiration that becomes lognormal in the limit. This is consistent with Black–Scholes’ assumptions but not with actual option prices in the market. An alternative is an implied tree, which begins with the risk-neutral density extracted from the market prices for options with the desired maturity. The procedure constructs a lattice that is consistent with the desired distribution. An N-step tree has N + 1 terminal nodes, so fitting the tree to the market prices can be quite time consuming. The author proposes a simplification that greatly increases efficiency with negligible cost in accuracy. The trick is to calibrate only a subset of the terminal nodes to prices in the options market and fill in the other nodes by cubic spline interpolation.
3D Acoustic Lagrangian Velocimetry

We report Lagrangian measurements obtained with an acoustic Doppler velocimetry technique. From the Doppler frequency shift of acoustic waves scattered by tracer particles in a turbulent flow, we are able to measure the full three-component velocity of the particles. As a first application, we have studied velocity statistics of Lagrangian tracers in a turbulent air jet at R λ ∼ 320 and at various distances from the nozzle. The choice of an air jet is motivated by the fact that jets produce a well characterized high level turbulence and open air flows are well suited to simultaneously achieve classical hot wire Eulerian measurements. Therefore, we are also able to explicitly address the question of the differences between Eulerian and Lagrangian statistics. As Lagrangian tracers we use soap bubbles inflated with Helium which are neutrally buoyant in air and can be assimilated to fluid particles. Velocity statistics are analyzed. We show that the Lagrangian autocorrelation decays faster in time than its Eulerian counterpart.
Disaster Mental Health Services: A Primer for Practitioners

Part I: Disaster Concepts and Roles. Disasters and Human Reactions. The Role of Mental Health Professionals in Disaster. Selection, Training, and Preparation of Disaster Mental Health Workers. Part II: Disaster Mental Health Services, Programs, and Workers. Disaster Mental Health Programs and Models of Actions. Stress Management and Prevention of Compassion Fatigue for Psychotraumatologists During Disaster. Psychological Debriefing in Large-scale Disasters. Support Groups in Disaster Mental Health Programs. Part III: Disaster Mental Health Services in the Millennium. Case Example - The Oklahoma City Bombing. Trauma Therapies. Implications for Disaster Mental Health Services in the Millennium.
A Multi-Channel Low-Noise Analog Front End Circuit for Linear LADAR

In this brief, a 32-channel analog front end circuit featured with high gain, high bandwidth, and low noise characteristics is designed. The proposed three-stage analog front end (TS-AFE) includes a variable gain transimpedance amplifier, a differential voltage amplifier, and an analog equalizer. The first stage adopts the shunt-feedback topology to optimize the overall noise, the second stage helps to enlarge the input dynamic range further, and the last stage boosts the channel bandwidth. Furthermore, a 6-bit current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is integrated in the equalizer to produce a built-in threshold voltage. The 32-channel TS-AFE chip is fabricated with 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology. The measurement results show that with the highest gain configuration, the circuit realizes 101.6 dB transimpedance gain, 190 MHz bandwidth, and 2.6 pA/sqrt(Hz) input noise current spectral density, respectively. The minimum detectable current achieves 0.4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }\text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with SNR = 10. The maximum output voltage swing is greater than 1000 mV, and the linear dynamic range reaches 64 dB. The power consumption per channel is as low as 37 mW from a single 3.3 V supply.
Vulnerability Assessment of Korean Electric Power Systems to Late-Time (E3) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulses

High-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMPs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy that result from nuclear weapon detonations at altitudes at or above 30 km. A HEMP is comprised of three components: E1, E2, and E3. E1 and E2 are instantaneous emissions that can damage electronic components, whereas E3 generates low-frequency, geomagnetically-induced currents in transmission lines and power transformers. These currents can lead to the half-cycle saturation of power transformers and increased reactive power consumption. This study assessed the impact of the E3 HEMP on Korean electric power systems. For this assessment, two publicly available E3 HEMP environments were identified. A Direct Current (DC)equivalent model of Korean power systems was developed to calculate the geomagnetically-induced currents and increased the reactive power absorption of transformers in power systems. The vulnerability assessment involved two types of analysis: Static power flow analysis and dynamic transient stability analysis. The maximum electric field limit was determined by performing a steady-state analysis. The capability of the Korean electric power systems to maintain synchronism and acceptable voltages in the transient stability time frame following an E3 HEMP event was evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of detonations at five target locations were compared. It was concluded that Korean electric power systems cannot maintain their stability when affected by an E3 HEMP.
On the Optimization of a Class-E Power Amplifier With GaN HEMTs at Megahertz Operation

Class-E power amplifiers have regained academic interest over the past decades due to the introduction of new high-performance wide-bandgap semiconductor devices and the increasing demand for high-efficiency power amplifiers. While these power devices, notably GaN HEMTs, have exceptional performance at megahertz operation, they also display an additional loss component due to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{{\rm oss}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at this frequency. Unfortunately, the dependence of this loss term on the peak voltage and the device size is the opposite of that of the conduction loss. In this article, we mathematically analyze the operation of a Class-E amplifier to find the optimal input voltage and device sizing where the sum of these two losses is minimized. From this analysis, we have found that the common design approach of maximizing device voltage rating and area to get the best efficiency no longer holds for some operating conditions. Furthermore, we examine the constraints that dictate when this optimization equations can and cannot be used, as well as propose a distributed loss model for the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{{\rm oss}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> loss based on a generalized Steinmetz equation (GSE) to allow this new loss term to be easily simulated. To verify our mathematical analysis and to demonstrate the applications of the proposed GSE-based <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{{\rm oss}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> loss model, two design examples are provided. They consist of a choke-input Class-E amplifier at 10 MHz and a variable-resistance Class-E amplifier at 40.68 MHz. The experimental results on these two design examples show good agreements with our analysis.
NEGRO TOWER: DOCUMENTATION, CONSERVATION, AND RESTORATION

Abstract. The Negro Tower or Arráez Tower, in El Algar (Cartagena, Spain), dates from 1585. This tower was part of an extensive network of watch and defense towers built along the coastline of Murcia between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It is an inland rural tower, in visual contact with the coastal towers. Its objective was to receive and transfer warnings from onshore towers to protect the population, especially farmers. The tower is protected as a monument but is currently in a dilapidated state of conservation. Therefore, this building has been chosen as the object of an integral study, which can serve as a reliable basis for its correct conservation and restoration. Through historical analysis, light has been shed upon the evolution of the Tower from the social, cultural, and architectural points of view. The graphic documentation has been made using digital photogrammetry and a 3D laser scanner, compatible with classical topography. Based on all this information, an integral project of consolidation and volumetric recomposition of the tower has been proposed. As a result of this research, we intend to contribute to the conservation and recovery of the heritage value of the Tower, as well as the integration of the historic monument in its natural environment.
Overview of Recent Advancements in the Microbial Fuel Cell from Fundamentals to Applications: Design, Major Elements, and Scalability

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology offers an alternative means for producing energy from waste products. In this review, several characteristics of MFC technology that make it revolutionary will be highlighted. First, a brief history presents how bioelectrochemical systems have advanced, ultimately describing the development of microbial fuel cells. Second, the focus is shifted to the attributes that enable MFCs to work efficiently. Next, follows the design of various MFC systems in use including their components and how they are assembled, along with an explanation of how they work. Finally, microbial fuel cell designs and types of main configurations used are presented along with the scalability of the technology for proper application. The present review shows importance of design and elements to reduce energy loss for scaling up the MFC system including the type of electrode, shape of the single reactor, electrical connection method, stack direction, and modulation. These aspects precede making economically applicable large-scale MFCs (over 1 m3 scale) a reality.
Modeling a Large-Scale Battery Energy Storage System for Power Grid Application Analysis

The interest in modeling the operation of large-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) for analyzing power grid applications is rising. This is due to the increasing storage capacity installed in power systems for providing ancillary services and supporting nonprogrammable renewable energy sources (RES). BESS numerical models suitable for grid-connected applications must offer a trade-off, keeping a high accuracy even with limited computational effort. Moreover, they are asked to be viable in modeling for real-life equipment, and not just accurate in the simulation of the electrochemical section. The aim of this study is to develop a numerical model for the analysis of the grid-connected BESS operation; the main goal of the proposal is to have a test protocol based on standard equipment and just based on charge/discharge tests, i.e., a procedure viable for a BESS owner without theoretical skills in electrochemistry or lab procedures, and not requiring the ability to disassemble the BESS in order to test each individual component. The BESS model developed is characterized by an experimental campaign. The test procedure itself is framed in the context of this study and adopted for the experimental campaign on a commercial large-scale BESS. Once the model is characterized by the experimental parameters, it undergoes the verification and validation process by testing its accuracy in simulating the provision of frequency regulation. A case study is presented for the sake of presenting a potential application of the model. The procedure developed and validated is replicable in any other facility, due to the low complexity of the proposed experimental set. This could help stakeholders to accurately simulate several layouts of network services.
Disturbance pattern recognition based on an ALSTM in a long‐distance φ‐OTDR sensing system

In this article, a new pattern recognition method for disturbance signals detected by phase‐sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (φ‐OTDR) distributed optical fiber sensing systems is proposed. Currently, most of the disturbance signal recognition methods for φ‐OTDR exploit the global features of disturbance signals as the basis of classification, neglect the local details of disturbance signals, and thus have poor performances on long‐distance monitoring tasks. In the method proposed in this article, an adaptive denoising method based on spectral subtraction is utilized to enhance signal features. For each frame of disturbance signals, Mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients are extracted as frequency‐domain features, while short‐time energy ratio and short‐time level crossing rate are extracted as time‐domain features. An attention‐based long short‐term memory network is exploited as a classifier to recognize different types of disturbance signals. Experiments show the proposed disturbance recognition method can achieve a classification accuracy of 94.3% with five typical disturbances, namely, walking, digging, vehicle‐passing, climbing, and heavy rain, at ranges of up to 50 km.
A Search for Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillations in the MINOS Experiment

We perform a search for {nu}{sub {mu}} {yields} {nu}{sub e} oscillations, a process which would manifest a nonzero value of the {theta}{sub 13} mixing angle, in the MINOS long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. The analysis consists of searching for an excess of {nu}{sub e} charged-current candidate events over the predicted backgrounds, made mostly of neutral-current events with high electromagnetic content. A novel technique to select electron neutrino events is developed, which achieves an improved separation between the signal and the backgrounds, and which consequently yields a better reach in {theta}{sub 13}. The backgrounds are predicted in the Far Detector from Near Detector measurements. An excess is observed in the Far Detector data over the predicted backgrounds, which is consistent with the background-only hypothesis at 1.2 standard deviations.