Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Microbial Biostimulants to Increase the Salinity Tolerance of Vegetable Transplants

Vegetable plants are more sensitive to salt stress during the early growth stages; hence, the availability of poor-quality brackish water can be a big issue for the nursery vegetable industry. Microbial biostimulants promote growth and vigor and counterbalance salt stress in mature plants. This study aimed to evaluate the application of plant growth-promoting microorganisms for improving salt tolerance of lettuce and tomato seedlings irrigated with different water salinity levels (0, 25, and 50 mM NaCl) during nursery growth. Two commercial microbial biostimulants were applied to the substrate before seeding: 1.5 g L−1 of TNC BactorrS13 containing 1.3 × 108 CFU g−1 of Bacillus spp. ; 0.75 g L−1 of Flortis Micorrize containing 30% of Glomus spp. , 1.24 × 108 CFU g−1 of Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces spp. and 3 × 105 CFU g−1 of Thricoderma spp. Many morpho-physiological parameters of lettuce and tomato seedlings suffered the negative effect of salinity. The use of the microbial biostimulants modified seedling growth and its response to salt stress. They had a growth-promoting effect on the unstressed seedlings increasing fresh and dry biomass accumulation, leaf number, and leaf area and were successful in increasing salinity tolerance of seedlings especially when using Flortis Micorizze that enhanced salinity tolerance up to 50 mM NaCl. The inoculation of the substrate with microbial biostimulants could represent a sustainable way to improve lettuce and tomato transplant quality and to use brackish water in vegetable nurseries limiting its negative effect on seedling growth.
Global Information Transmission Model-Based Multiobjective Image Inversion Restoration Method for Space Diffractive Membrane Imaging Systems

Diffractive membrane imaging systems have been an important development trend for high-orbit satellite cameras owing to their advantages of large aperture, light weight, rapid manufacture, and low cost. However, caused by the cross-coupling effects of diffraction imaging, membrane properties, subaperture stitching, on-orbit disturbances, and other physical factors, lager-aperture space diffractive membrane imaging systems have specific and complex degradation characteristics: the modulation transfer function (MTF) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) have more prominent degradation and serious space-variant characteristics over fields of view, with obvious background radiation properties that seriously affect the application of imaging products. To address this problem, this study established a global information transmission model by characterizing the PSF and background radiation in a full field of view to represent the imaging law of an on-orbit system. Aiming at the inverse problem of the information transmission model, we also propose a novel image inversion restoration method for the special degradation characteristics. In particular, the effect of diffraction efficiency is introduced into the inversion restoration method to solve the background radiation problem. Moreover, we innovatively designed matrix regularization parameters to further improve the correction ability of spatial variation. When the diffraction efficiency was experimentally higher than 60% and the mean measured spatial variability was less than 0.2, the proposed method exhibited a satisfactory processing performance, and could improve multiobjective comprehensive processing, such as transfer function compensation, spatial variation correction, and background radiation removal.
A Review on Anxiety Disorders During Covid-19 Pandemic-Homoeopathic Perspective

Background: The unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic has created havoc in most areas of human lives. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, and the incidence increased in recent times. Homoeopathy is an alternative system of medicine with evidence-based effectiveness in mental health issues. There is a dearth of literature concerning the potential utility of Homoeopathy in the management of psychological issues during this pandemic. Objectives: This overview aims to assess the commonly prevalent anxiety disorders during Covid-19 and assess the usefulness of homoeopathic medicines in managing anxiety. Materials and methods: Selective literature in PubMed search engine to identify most prevalent anxiety disorders during Covid-19 using terms "Covid-19" and "Anxiety" and available research studies in homoeopathy on anxiety have been put forward in this narrative review. Results: The identified anxiety disorders during Covid-19 and the role of Homoeopathy in managing anxiety disorders have been summarized in the article. The homoeopathic perspective of anxiety and the rubrics related to anxiety disorders in different repertories are discussed. Conclusion: mental health is a critical concern in the pandemic’s scenario, and Homoeopathy can be a safe and effective alternative or adjunctive to the conventional system in the management of anxiety disorders during this chaotic situation. © International Journal of High Dilution Research. Not for commercial purposes.
Left atrial strain measured by 4D Auto LAQ echocardiography is significantly correlated with high risk of thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Background The 4-dimensional automated left atrial quantification (4D Auto LAQ) tool is a new software for analysis of the structure and function of the left atrium (LA). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between LA strain (LAS) as measured by 4D Auto LAQ echocardiography and thromboembolism risk in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods Eight-five patients with NVAF were recruited from the cardiovascular center of our hospital, including 39 patients at high risk and 46 patients at low risk of thromboembolism. The study participants were assessed by routine echocardiography; 4D images were obtained, after which 4D Auto LAQ assessment was performed. Results In the thromboembolism high-risk group, the rates of impaired LA reservoir strain, LA contraction strain, LA reservoir circumferential strain, LA conduit circumferential strain, and LA contraction circumferential strain were found to be significantly higher than in the low-risk group. However, there was no significant difference in volume at onset of LA contraction or LA ejection fraction (LAEF) between the 2 groups. LA contraction circumferential strain was found to be an independent high risk factor for thromboembolism [odds ratio (OR): 2.52; P=0.008]. LA contraction circumferential strain >-4.5% was the cut-off for differentiating between participants with high and low risk of thromboembolism, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 (P<0.0001), a sensitivity of 0.872, and a specificity of 0.978. Sequential analysis revealed that LA contraction circumferential strain had a high diagnostic efficacy for stroke, as well as a specified accuracy in the diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes in patients aged ≥65 years old. However, it was not found to be effective in the diagnosis of heart failure and vascular diseases. Conclusions LAS is a useful index for the dynamic evaluation of LA function in patients with non-valvular AF, with higher sensitivity and accuracy than LA volume. LA contraction circumferential strain is an independent high risk factor for thromboembolism, and LA contraction circumferential strain >-4.5% is a valuable cut-off to guide the use of anticoagulant therapy in patients with non-valvular AF.
The influence of nurse leadership style on the culture of patient safety incident reporting: a systematic review

Medical errors and patient safety are still major issues for many hospitals in the world. Each year around 98 000 patients die and 1.5 million are injured because of medical errors (Cherry and Jacob, 2014; Forrest, 2016). Other reports have suggested that between 200 000 and 440 000 deaths in hospitals are related to patient safety issues worldwide each year (James, 2013; Elkin et al, 2016). In Indonesia, incidents related to patient safety have various causes. Najihah (2018) found that 9.26% were related to clinical procedures, 9.26% to medication and 5.15% to avoidable falls, while 14.41% were labelled unexplained events. A study in Semarang, Indonesia, found 63 cases of near-injury incidents, unexpected events and sentinel events (in which the patient experiences serious harm or death) in one psychiatric hospital over 15 months. These were caused by insufficient supervision from managers, lack of reporting of safety concerns by nurses and low motivation from staff (Ningsih et al, 2017). Despite the use of incident reporting systems, the culture of patient safety reporting is still lacking (Gong et al, 2017). Archer et al (2017) found that around 50–96% of patient safety incidents in the United States (US) are not reported, with the main obstacles to reporting being fear of adverse consequences, overcomplicated reporting processes and systems, and the nature of the incidents themselves. Interestingly, in Indonesia, public hospitals were shown to have a higher rate of incident reporting (16%) than private hospitals (12%) (Mulyana, 2013; Gunawan et al, 2015). Analysing adverse patient safety incidents through comprehensive data collection is a crucial first step to improving patient safety (Elkin et al, 2016; Singh and Sittig, 2016). The Institute of Medicine recommends that this research should focus on the reporting of incidents by healthcare staff (Mitchell et al, 2016). Raising awareness of the value of patient safety measures and encouraging leadership that facilitates an open and fair reporting culture are also important and, as such, form part of Indonesia’s ‘Seven steps towards hospital patient safety’ plan (Yasmi and Thabrany, 2015). How to cite this article: Yusuf Y, Irwan AM. The influence of nurse leadership style on the culture of patient safety incident reporting: a systematic review. British Journal of Healthcare Management. 2021. https:// doi.org/12968/bjhc.2020. 0083 The influence of nurse leadership style on the culture of patient safety incident reporting: a systematic review
Accommodating Decision-Makers Needs & Preferences in An Oil and Gas State-Owned Enterprise by SSM Based Action Research

The Covid-19 Pandemic has shifted the behaviour of decision-makers in all business processes. This situation has accelerated the process of digitizing all information, information technology, and business processes. As a subsidiary of an Oil and Gas State-Owned Enterprise in Indonesia, The SHU also has a similar SOE's bureaucracy for the approval process in business development. What factors were considered, and how did the interaction and interrelation within those factors influence the decision-making is the main question in this research. This research aims at developing the decision-making system by accommodating the decision-maker's needs and preferences. Action research based on soft systems methodology (SSM) is used to model the new decision-making system and compare results. The long decision-making stages of business development investment have delayed several important business development projects, leading to missed early production opportunities and increased capital investment. Financial decision documents have to be wet-signed by all stakeholders involved in the decisionmaking process. It is practically difficult to follow existing business processes for business development approval during the Pandemic. The Covid-19 Pandemic is an entry point for redefining existing decision-making systems. The results showed that the principle of prudence and compliance are the main factors influencing decision-making. The development of digital review and approval based on a decision-making system conceptual model accommodated the interests of all stakeholders, and business processes continued during the Pandemic.
Crystal Structure of 9-Dibenzylsulfide-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane 9-Bn2S-7,8-C2B9H11

The crystal structure of 9-dibenzylsulfide-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane 9-Bn2S-7,8-C2B9H11 was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction. One of the benzyl groups is located above the open face of the carborane cage with a short H···H distance (2.29 and 2.71 A for two symmetrically independent molecules) between the BHB-bridging hydrogen atom of the carborane fragment and the ortho-CH group of the aromatic ring. Topological analysis has revealed the existence of a critical bond point with a calculated energy of −0.8 kcal/mol in accordance with an X-ray diffraction molecular geometry. The crystal packing analysis revealed that this benzyl group is also involved in π-stacking interactions, while another benzyl group participates in numerous weak H···π, H···H and van der Waals interactions.
Stage-Dependent Topographical and Optical Properties of Plasmodium Falciparum-Infected Red Blood Cells

Efficient malaria treatment is a major healthcare challenge. Addressing this challenge requires in-depth understanding of malaria parasite maturation during the intraerythrocytic cycle. Exploring the structural and functional changes of the parasite through the intraerythrocytic stages and their impact on red blood cells (RBCs) is a cornerstone of antimalarial drug development. In order to precisely trace such changes, we performed a thorough imaging study of RBCs infected by Plasmodium falciparum, by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) supplemented with bright field microscopy for stage assignment. This multifaceted imaging approach allows to reveal structure–function relations via correlations of the parasite maturation with morphological and fluorescence properties of the stages. We established diagnostic patterns characteristic to the parasite stages based on the topographical profile of infected RBCs, which show close correlation with their fluorescence (TIRF) map. Furthermore, we found that hemozoin crystals exhibit a strong optical contrast, possibly due to the quenching of fluorescence. The topographical and optical features provide a tool for locating the hemozoin crystals within the RBCs and following their growth.
DoE Directed Optimization, Development and Characterization of Resveratrol Loaded Nlc System for the Nose to Brain Delivery in the Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme

Nose to brain delivery of resveratrol can be a very useful method to overcome the limitations possessed by conventional delivery approaches namely, hepatic metabolism, low bioavailability and half-life of resveratrol, and presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). The objective of this research work was to develop and optimize the resveratrol-loaded NLCs and coating these carriers with chitosan to increase the residence time of the formulation into the nasal cavity and enhanced permeation across the nasal mucosa. Three CQAs (Particle size, Entrapment efficiency, and PDI), and CMAs (Solid: total lipid concentration, surfactant concentration, and bioactive amount) were selected and the formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) approach. The optimized batch was evaluated for physicochemical characteristics such as particle size (168.24 ± 8.24 nm), PDI (0.151 ± 0.003), and entrapment efficiency (77.42 ± 3.76 %). This optimized batch was coated with chitosan, which produced coated NLCs with a particle size of 317.7 ± 15.9 nm, and PDI was 0.089 ± 0.009. The morphological study using TEM confirmed the spherical shape, size, and surface coating of the NLCs. Furthermore, both the uncoated and coated particles were analyzed for in vitro resveratrol release, ex vivo diffusion study, and antioxidant assay. NLCs was founded to show sustained in vitro release characteristic, and enhanced bioactive diffusion across the nasal mucosa compared to the bioactive solution of resveratrol. The antioxidant assay revealed that the antioxidant property of resveratrol was intact in the formulation, and a slight increase in antioxidant activity of the formulation was also observed which may be due to the presence of sesame oil in the formulation. These results indicated that the chitosan-coated NLCs can be used to deliver therapeutic moieties more efficiently via the nose to brain drug delivery.
Comparison of Linear Quadratic – Regulator and Gaussian – Controllers’ Performance, LQR and LQG: Ball-on-Sphere System as a Case Study

With the state-space method, many controllers can be designed optimally. LQR and LQG are two of these controllers. These two controllers are covered much in the literature. Despite this, not many works cover the ball-onsphere system. Therefore, the research designed optimal LQR and LQG controllers for the system of ball-on-sphere and did a comparative analysis between the two. System dynamics were first investigated and the mathematical model was derived. After that, the system was linearized and then the state-space representation was obtained. Using this representation, the two controllers were designed and applied to the system for control. The control was done based on the specified desired system performance. Finally, the controllers' performances were analyzed and compared. Results obtained showed that both controllers met the desired system performance. With θx is 87.14% and θy is 86.43% less than their respective unregulated settling times, LQR satisfied the at least 80% performance requirement more than LQG. For LQG, θx is 82.35% and θy is 82.95% less than their respective unregulated settling times. These values are less than that of LQR. It was also observed that minimizing the total control energy leads to maximizing the total transient energy but LQG maximizes the total transient energy more than LQR. Another finding was that all states played role in regulating the controller to the desired system performance. Without regulation, LQG was found to be more efficient than LQR but in general, LQR is more efficient than LQG because, in LQG, settling time (of ball's angles) of less than 1.00 sec could not be realized. LQR is 4.79% and 3.48% more efficient than LQG in x and y directions, respectively, for the ball’s angles settling time. This research is significant because it is the first to design and do a comparative analysis of LQR and LQG controllers for the ball-on-sphere system. Therefore, bridging the existing gap in the literature is the value of this research.
Attentional capture in multiple object tracking

Attentional processes are generally assumed to be involved in multiple object tracking (MOT). The attentional capture paradigm is regularly used to study conditions of attentional control. It has up to now not been used to assess influences of sudden onset distractor stimuli in MOT. We investigated whether attentional capture does occur in MOT: Are onset distractors processed at all in dynamic attentional tasks? We found that sudden onset distractors were effective in lowering probe detection, thus demonstrating attentional capture. Tracking performance as dependent measure was not affected. The attentional capture effect persisted in conditions of higher tracking load (Experiment 2) and was dramatically increased in lower presentation frequency of the onset distractor (Experiment 3). Tracking performance was shown to suffer only when onset distractors were presented serially with very short time gaps in between, thus effectively disturbing re-engaging attention on the tracking set (Experiment 4). We discuss that rapid dis- and re-engagement of the attention process on target objects and an additional more basic process that continuously provides location information allow managing strong disruptions of attention during tracking.
A New Approach for Characterizing Pile Heat Exchangers Using Thermal Response Tests

Pile heat exchangers offer a cost effective route to implementation of ground-source heat pump systems for many large commercial buildings compared with traditional boreholes. Such projects typically use thermal response tests to determine the key input parameters for system design, namely soil thermal conductivity and heat exchanger thermal resistance. However, this brings challenges for pile heat exchanger based systems, where in situ thermal response tests are known to be less reliable due to the large thermal capacity of the pile. This paper presents a new “black box” resistance capacitive model for applications to pile thermal response tests. The approach is tested against case study data and shown to perform well. Additional test duration savings are shown to be possible if a novel combination of borehole and pile thermal response tests is applied together to determine design parameters.
A qualitative analysis of factors influencing antiretroviral adherence among persons living with
 HIV
 in Ghana

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains an important factor in HIV prevention and treatment efforts. We explored the individual and environmental factors influencing antiretroviral adherence among PLWH in Ghana. This study used 20 semi-structured in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions (FGD) involving 29 PLWH attending one of three antiretroviral clinics. Thematic analysis covered experiences of PLWH clinic visits, knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy related to ART adherence, psychological wellbeing and stigma. The findings suggest that both individual and environmental factors including treatment outcome, coping skills, disclosure, self-regulation, healthcare-provider interaction, family and partner support, organization of ART clinics, stigma, and transportation cost influenced treatment adherence. Interventions that empower PLWH and reduce HIV-related stigma in the community will most likely support antiretroviral adherence. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement. been presented as results for exploring the factors (individual and environmental) influencing antiretroviral treatment adherence of PLWH in the Bono East Region of Ghana.
Adopting the ICT Innovation to Administrative and Activity Procedures in a University

Information Communication Technology (ICT) has made performing administrative tasks more convenient for organisations. This paper discusses the contribution of ICT innovations to administrative effectiveness with respect to the Open University of Tanzania (OUT) and, specifically, their examination process. An analytical study guided by one hypothesis has been applied in this paper to understand the utilisation of ICT at OUT and framed within the timeframe of the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis states that there is no significant difference in the mean response of students, lecturers, and administrators on the effectiveness of ICT in the Online Oral Examination System (OREX) and administrative process of the OUT. The use of both primary data collected through administered questionnaires to the university population and secondary data sourced from existing literature aided in determining the findings. The results revealed that ICT innovations could be effective if well used in university activities and more suitable if adapted in an innovative way for online admission and a perfect fit for online examination system such as OREX, which was developed as a response to the pandemic. The study also inveterate that the students, lecturers and senior administrative Staff (Registry) had very similar responses on the effectiveness of ICT innovation on the administrative process and academics of the OUT. It was recommended, among others, that the university should mobilise resources towards the provision of facilities and training of its ICT personnel for more relevant innovations, particular for online examination processes such as OREX.