Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-streptolysin O (ASO) Antibodies are elevated in Patients with First Episode Psychosis and Chronic Schizophrenia compared to controls

Received: Sep 24, 2019 Accepted: Dec 22, 2019 Abstract Objectives: Increasing evidence demonstrates that infections and activated immune system may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible relationship between anti-streptolysin O (ASO) antibodies titer and schizophrenia. Methods: This study included 33 patients with first episode psychosis, 42 patients with chronic schizophrenia, and 41 randomly selected age – and gender-matched healthy volunteers. The severity of schizophrenia symptoms in the patients were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure ASO titer. Results: Three groups had similar demographic characteristics. The mean ASO titer was 200.23±173.14 IU/ml in patients with first episode psychosis, 151.66±128.74 IU/ml in patients with chronic schizophrenia and 108.56±93.67 IU/ml in healthy controls. According to pairwise comparison; ASO titer of the first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia groups were significantly higher than the healthy controls (F=14.367, p=0.015). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between total PANSS score and ASO titer (the total PANSS score increases with ASO titer) (r=0.193, p=0.037). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first study in the literature investigating ASO titer in patients with first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. The findings of our study suggest that there is a relationship between psychosis severity and ASO titer in both patients with first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. Based on these results, streptococcal infections may be related to some central nervous system pathologies such as schizophrenia.
Solution of Fourth Order Diffusion Equations and Analysis Using the Second Moment

The classical concept of diffusion characterized by Fick’s law is well suited for describing a wide class of practical problems of interest. Nevertheless, it has been observed that it is not enough to properly represent other relevant applications of practical interest. When in a system of particles their spreading is slower or faster than predicted by the classical diffusion model, such a phenomenon is referred to as anomalous diffusion. Time fractional, space fractional and even space-time fractional equations are widely used to model phenomena such as solute transport in porous media, financial modelling and cancer tumor behavior. Considering the effects of partial and temporary retention in dispersion processes a new analytical formulation was derived to simulate anomalous diffusion. The new approach leads to a fourth-order partial differential equation (PDE) and assumes the existence of two concomitant fluxes. This work investigates the behavior of the bi-flux approach in one dimensional (1D) medium evaluating the mean square displacement for different cases in order to classify the diffusion process in normal, sub-diffusive or super-diffusive.
APPROACH ON BIG DATA USING HYBRID CLOUD

The quantity of data being generated is huge with rapid increase in technology and electronic communication , which results in difficulty in management of big data cost effectively. Cloud computing along with big data provides reduction in cost and storage. But there is concern regarding privacy of data stored in public cloud as the data stored in cloud could be sensitive and the owner would not want any other to scan the data . as the volume of data is huge due to increase in usage of mobile devices, the conventional cryptographic approach is not suitable. Hence in this paper we propose a methodology focusing on image data which has huge volume rather than text data.
Disaggregate Income and Wealth Effects in the Largest Euro Area Countries

This study extends a thick modelling tool for aggregated euro area real private consumption of de Bondt et al. (2019) to the four largest euro area countries. The suite of error correction models performs well in and out of sample. The ranges and averages of estimated elasticities are, however, sensitive to the exact model specification. We also show that decomposing disposable income into labour, property and transfer income is essential for understanding and forecasting consumption. Finally, substantial crosscountry heterogeneity in marginal propensities to consume out of income and wealth components calls for caution when interpreting aggregate euro area developments. JEL Classification: C53, D12, E21, E27
International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research

Rising levels in Non-Performing loans (NPLs) which has remained an area of vast and diverse concerns contributed to the issues of declining manufacturing activities in Nigeria in the 1990s and thereafter. The study examined the relationship between NPLs and Manufacturing subsector productivity in Nigeria. Time series data obtained from CBN were analysed using exponential trend, Granger causality test, and simple regression model. Descriptive and inferential analyses revealed that, NPLs exhibited a negative exponential growth rate of -5.89%; while manufacturing sub-sector productivity declined at the rate of 6.60% during the study period. Empirical results from the regression analysis indicated an inverse significant relationship between NPLs and Manufacturing sub-sector productivity in Nigeria. Policy on intensive strategy for increased loans and advances to the sub-sector coupled with pragmatic reforms in the banking system as to accelerate investments in manufacturing subsector is recommended.
A Review of Frequent Sequential Pattern Mining Over Large Data Set

: As with the new innovation of the IT technologies, the amount of accumulated data is also increasing. It has resulted in large amount of data stored in databases, warehouses and other repositories. Thus the Data mining comes into representation to explore and analyze the databases to extract the interesting and previously unknown patterns and rules known as association rule mining. In data mining, Sequential Pattern mining becomes one of the important tasks of descriptive technique which can be defined as discovering meaningful patterns from large collection of database. This paper presents a review of sequential pattern mining techniques.
Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension

High blood pressure or hypertension is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. According to official statistics, its prevalence rate is estimated at 20%. The management of this disease is long-term with chronic treatments. This leads the population to resort to efficient, accessible and cheaper herbal medicines. Anogeissus leiocarpa is one of the plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension in Burkina Faso. Earlier preclinical studies have proved the efficacy and safety of trunk bark extract. In this investigation, bioactive chemical marker phytocompounds are sought for the development, quality control and standardization of the antihypertensive drug based on this plant. The extracts of this plant are prepared by decoction from trunk bark powder and then fractionated successively with solvents in order of increasing polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and 1-butanol). The fractions obtained are subjected to phytochemical screening. The antioxidant properties of the different extracts have also been studied since the chemical species known as free radicals, which cause oxidative stress, are related to hypertension. The evaluation of the contents of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, which would have antihypertensive properties, was carried out according to the method using Folin-Ciocalteu. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (89.52 mg tannic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 70.87 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry extract for flavonoids). The best antioxidant power is also obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50: 6.93µg /mL). Standardization tests using analytical methods have identified three compounds A, B and C whose structure determination is in progress. These compounds could be used as markers for quality control of the prototype antihypertensive phytodrugs developed.
Research update on satellite tagging studies of the Arabian Sea humpback whales in the Sultanate of Oman

Three surveys focusing on Arabian Sea humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were conducted from two field sites off the southern coast of Oman between February 2014 and December 2015. We present a summary of boat-based survey data and satellite telemetry activities generated by these surveys. Our findings provide insight into the spatial ecology of Arabian Sea humpback whales (ASHW) and salient threats to the population. Ninety hours of on-effort vessel-based surveys resulted in 29 sightings of ASHW groups. Analysis of fluke and dorsal fin images indicates that these sightings involved 40 different individuals. Tagging efforts resulted in successful deployment of nine satellite tags, six of which provided data on dive behaviour and vertical distribution within the water column. Tagged whales that were resighted (n = 5) during subsequent surveys exhibited signs of healing following tag rejection. Satellite tracking data reveals whales ranging within a 1,150 km corridor along the southern coast of Oman and northern Yemen, the first transboundary movement recorded for this population. Individuals spent an average of 83% (SD = 17%) of their time engaged in localised or ‘area restricted search’ (ARS) that is likely associated with foraging, breeding and resting behaviour. Tracked individuals spent much of their time over the continental shelf with 73% of satellite-derived locations attributed to waters <200 m depth. Gathered dive data reveal that tracked whales spent 83% of time in the top 20 m of the water column, most frequently (39%; SD = 11%) engaged in dives with durations between 5 and 10 minutes. The average maximum depth recorded by the tags was 199 m (SD = 95 m). Further spatial analysis indicated that 35% of location points in the study were within the Gulf of Masirah, habitat that co-occurs with emerging industrial activity and existing artisanal fisheries. Dive behavior in offshore waters beyond the continental shelf also likely indicates foraging activity. The growing knowledge base for this population supports need for on-going research and putative mitigation measures to address a wide spectrum of anthropogenic threats for humpback whales in Oman and the wider region.
Complement coercion in Polish and the role of selectional restrictions revealed in a self-paced reading study1

So-called ‘complement coercion’ (‘begin a book’), understood as a combinatorial conflict, is mainly analysed as a repair operation in composition. Experimental data has shown that there is an extra cognitive effort in the processing of event-selecting verbs with entitydenoting arguments. These results support the formal analysis of ‘complement coercion’ as an enriched form of semantic composition (Pustejovsky, 1995; Egg, 2003; de Swart, 2011; Asher, 2015). Recently, an alternative view has been proposed by Piñango and Deo (2015) arguing that there is no mismatch between the verb and its complement, but an ambiguity resulting from the different dimensions along which an aspectual verb in composition with its argument can be interpreted (e.g. temporal, spatial, etc.). This approach has been supported by experiments showing that aspectual verbs like begin incur greater processing cost in coercing contexts than psychological verbs like enjoy (Lai et al., 2014). We designed a self-paced reading experiment to compare the different predictions that the two approaches make for the processing of matching and mismatching verb-noun combinations. Our results are compatible with enriched composition, but not with dimensional ambiguity. We find facilitation in conditions where the selectional restrictions of the verbs are satisfied (‘begin a fight’, ‘see a book’), and longer processing times in the conditions ‘begin a book’, ‘see a fight’, which does not support the dimensional ambiguity approach. Our experiment thus provides evidence that selectional restrictions are a fundamental property of a predicate and that they need to be understood as a graded continuum of combinatorial preferences, as also argued in Spalek (2014).
Spatial and temporal structure in fish distributions: A Lake Ontario case study

WOAA National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, Charleston, SC 29412. laura. kracker@noaa.gov 2University of Maryland, Centre for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, 9800 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850. 3Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 166 Water St., Woods Hole, MA. 4University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195. 5Worchester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worchester, MA. 6NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
Fast and Accurate Ranking Regression

We consider a ranking regression problem in which we use a dataset of ranked choices to learn Plackett-Luce scores as functions of sample features. We solve the maximum likelihood estimation problem by using the Al-ternating Directions Method of Multipliers (ADMM), eﬀectively separating the learning of scores and model parameters. This separation allows us to express scores as the stationary distribution of a continuous-time Markov Chain. Using this equivalence, we propose two spectral algorithms for ranking regression that learn model parameters up to 579 times faster than the Newton’s method.
Biodiversity‐mediated effects on ecosystem functioning depend on the type and intensity of environmental disturbances

Environmental disturbances affect ecosystem functioning through changes in organisms’ metabolism (direct effect) and biodiversity loss (indirect or biodiversity-mediated effect). It is still a challenge to separate direct and biodiversity-mediated effects of environmental changes on ecosystem functioning due to the difficulties in isolating ‘true’ biodiversity loss effects. Furthermore, it is still unclear whether biodiversity-mediated effects are as important as direct effects. In this study, we performed an experiment in artificial microcosms to disentangle biodiversity-mediated and direct effects of two major environmental disturbances on the functioning of aquatic ecosystems: increases in temperature and salinity. The ecosystem function analyzed was the microalgae predation by the zooplankton community (zooplankton grazing rates). Temperature and salinity increases affected the zooplankton grazing rates due to changes in community composition and abundance, as well as organism performance. The impact of salinity changes on community structure was higher than that of temperature; however, the importance of biodiversity-mediated and direct effects was similar to regulating the ecosystem functioning, albeit they have presented different directions and magnitude across the treatments. At a moderate level of temperature increase, we observed that the biodiversity-mediated effect was more relevant than the direct effect, with negative effects on the overall grazing rates. Our results suggest that disturbances can affect the functioning of aquatic environments through a set of complex biological mechanisms that balance direct and biodiversity-mediated effects. We concluded that the relative importance of biodiversity-mediated effects depends on the type and intensity of the disturbance.
Human Capital And Inclusive Growth: Reading In Macroeconomic Work

Economists have long been concerned with the determinants of long-term economic growth. It is now widely accepted that technological advances, high levels of human capital and a significant degree of openness to international trade, knowledge flows and financial flows play a major role in growth, especially in a global economy. increasingly knowledge-based and so that countries can meet the challenge of global competition. Moreover, recent theoretical and empirical literature on economic growth has emphasized the relevance of intangible factors, mainly the diffusion of human capital and trade openness, taking into account productivity growth. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the determinants of growth and provide a preliminary picture of human capital models, it is intended to provide information on the impact of human capital and their interaction with economic growth.
Use of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Ear Selection for Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Sandhu JS, Rea PA, Ray J (2016) Use of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Ear Selection for Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. J Otolaryngol Rhinol 2:017 Received: January 05, 2016: Accepted: March 31, 2016: Published: April 02, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Sandhu JS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Sandhu et al. J Otolaryngol Rhinol 2016, 2:017 Volume 2 | Issue 2 ISSN: 2379-948X
Sea Breeze Damage Estimation Method using Sentinel of Remote Sensing Satellite Data

Sea breeze damage estimation method using Sentinel of remote sensing satellite data is proposed. There are two kinds of sea breeze damage. Namely, one is vegetation degradation due to sea salt from sea breeze and the other one is leaf lodging due to strong winds from sea breeze. Kyushu, Japan had severe storm due to the typhoon #17 during from 21 September to 23 September 2019. Optical sensor and Synthetic Aperture Radar: SAR onboard remote sensing satellite are used for disaster relief. NDVI and false colored imagery data derived from the Sentinel-1 and 2 data are used for disaster relief. Through experiments, it is found that sea salt damage on rice paddy fields in particular can be relieved by NDVI and false colored imagery data while rice lodging can also be relieved by SAR data.
Noise Accumulation in High Dimensional Classification and Total Signal Index

Great attention has been paid to Big Data in recent years. Such data hold promise for scientiﬁc discoveries but also pose challenges to analyses. One potential challenge is noise accumulation. In this paper, we explore noise accumulation in high dimensional two-group classiﬁcation. First, we revisit a previous assessment of noise accumulation with principal component analyses, which yields a different threshold for discriminative ability than originally identiﬁed. Then we extend our scope to its impact on classiﬁers developed with three common machine learning approaches— random forest, support vector machine, and boosted classiﬁcation trees. We simulate four scenarios with differing amounts of signal strength to evaluate each method. After determining noise accumulation may affect the performance of these classiﬁers, we assess factors that impact it. We conduct simulations by varying sample size, signal strength, signal strength proportional to the number predictors, and signal magnitude with random forest classiﬁers. These simulations suggest that noise accumulation affects the discriminative ability of high-dimensional classiﬁers developed using common machine learning methods, which can be modiﬁed by sample size, signal strength, and signal magnitude. We developed the measure total signal index (TSI) to track the trends of total signal and noise accumulation.
Multi-Row Presolve Reductions in Mixed Integer Programming

Mixed integer programming has become a very powerful tool for modeling and solving real-world planning and scheduling problems, with the breadth of applications appearing to be almost unlimited. A critical component in the solution of these mixed-integer programs is a set of routines commonly referred to as presolve. Presolve can be viewed as a collection of preprocessing techniques that reduce the size of and, more importantly, improve the “strength” of the given model formulation, that is, the degree to which the constraints of the formulation accurately describe the underlying polyhedron of integer-feasible solutions. In the Gurobi commercial mixed-integer solver, the presolve functionality has been steadily enhanced over time, now including a number of so-called multi-row reductions. These are reductions that simultaneously consider multiple constraints to derive improvements in the model formulation. In this paper we give an overview of such multi-row techniques and present computational results to assess their impact on overall solver performance.
Optimal fiscal policy according to equality of opportunity. A case study applied to Ivory Coast

To what extent the political crisis of Ivory Coast that has lead to the partition of the country since 2002 is correlated to inequality of opportunity? Can direct tax regime be modified to reduce inequality of opportunity for income? The aim of the paper is to analyze inequality of opportunity for income in Ivory Coast from 1985-88 to 1998, and direct tax regime incidence on inequality of opportunity. The paper is in keeping with the theory of equality of opportunity of Roemer, and addresses, for the first time, the feasibility of direct fiscal reforms according to equality of opportunity principle in less developed country like Ivory Coast. First, we show that, from 1985-88 to 1998, individuals born in the North of the country and in rural areas are the most disadvantaged category of the population, their expected income conditional to their origins being the lowest. This fact could explain partly the Ivorian political crisis. Second, we confirm that inequality of opportunity for income seems to correlate with overall income inequality more than with mean average income. Third, it is shown that direct tax-regime has no incidence on inequality of opportunity. Fourth, implementing tax-and-transfer reform to reduce inequality of opportunity for income requires granting the most disadvantage type of the population and, at least, double the mean tax rate of the advantage type of the population. But, this reform does not generate systematically an efficiency cost.