Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability and Phylogenetic relationship among some Bamboo species of North-East India by AFLP analysis

The commercial importance of bamboo calls for precise documentation of these plants using molecular parameters since flowering based classical taxonomic grouping of bamboo plants within this group have often been questioned. In the present report, AFLP markers has been used with an aim to providing better understanding of taxonomic grouping of nine bamboo species of Manipur state of North Eastern India that is home to a large population with wide diversity of bamboo plants. The experimental material consisted mainly species of Bambusa and Dendrocalamus genus for which reports on even DNA fingerprinting studies (albeit few) appear confusing. Two other genus viz. Mellocanna and Thyrostachys were also included in the study. AFLP analysis using six pair primer combinations on nine species belonging to four genera of bamboo, generated total 1620 alleles among which 1229 alleles were polymorphic while 391 alleles were monoporphic. The average similarity matrix was used to generate a tree for cluster analysis using software NTSys v 2.1. All the species under Bambusa genus form a distinct cluster except Bambusa balcooa which formed a separate cluster with Thyrostachys siamensis. All species under Dendrocalamus genus have clustered together sharing a common origin with Bambusa cluster. Another species viz. Melocanna baccifera also originated from this common root but exhibited distinct existence suggesting independent evolution.
Design and Optimization of Tunable Matching Networks and Aperture-Tuned Antennas for Mobile Wireless Devices

In the current wireless market, users have a high level of expectations regarding the functionalities and services added to their wireless mobile devices. At the same time, they also expect performance to remain optimal. In order to meet users’ heightened expectations, the level of integration between different subsystems of wireless radios must increase exponentially to keep pace with the increased demand of functionalities. For example, the current size limitations for mobile wireless devices allow space for only a single antenna, but this antenna must cover dual frequency bands, the first extending from 800MHz to 960MHz and the second from 1710MHz to 2300MHz. Extending the antenna bandwidth to cover the lower edge of the spectrum without increasing the physical size of the antenna is a challenging task. Meanwhile, there is also a demand to decrease antenna size to achieve more compact wireless mobile devices and to free up space for newly added features. One means to achieve these contradicting requirements is to use impedance tuners to enable a small-sized antenna to cover wider range of frequencies. In this thesis, we investigate some methods of applying impedance tuners. First, we conduct a comprehensive study on the tuning range of multiple network topologies, after which we present a design method to substitute impractical and expensive variable inductors with practical and relatively inexpensive fixed inductors connected to variable capacitors. These serve as building blocks for impedance tuners. This is followed by a performance investigation of a readily available tunable capacitor. The equivalent circuit is extracted at different bias voltages and across the frequency range of interest. This circuit model is used in the fourth part of this thesis as an input to the simulator. Next, we conduct multiple simulation runs to demonstrate the major differences between two methods of impedance tuning: a tunable matching network and an aperture-based antenna tuning. The simulation results demonstrate the performance limitations of each technique. Finally, we verify the study findings by measurements in an anechoic RF chamber, discovering that the conducted measurements conform to the obtained simulation results.
Phenolic Compounds Have a Role in the Defence Mechanism Protecting Grapevine against the Fungi Involved in Petri Disease

Scanning electron microscopy of stems and roots of vine plants affected by Petri disease demonstrated that the obstruction of xylem vessels and reduction in the flow of xylem sap, two symptoms of this disease, were mainly caused by tyloses forming in the vessels, and, to a lesser extent, by the accumulation of aggregates. Fungal hyphae were also found in the xylem. These hyphae propagated via the xylem and invaded other vessels or adjacent parenchymatic cells through the pit. Analysis of lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase activity (all of which are involved in lignin degradation) in different fungi isolated from Petri-disease-infected grapevines found that Phaeoacremonium aleophilum expressed low specific activity for manganese peroxidase and high specific activity for both lignin peroxidase and laccase, while Phaeomoniella chlamydospora showed no activity for any of these enzymes. All these enzyme activities were inhibited by the phenolic compounds in grapevine: p-coumaric acid, catechin, caffeic acid and tannins. The phenolic compounds also had a direct effect on fungal growth and sporulation. When SO4 vines affected by Petri disease were treated with Brotomax (a product that stimulates synthesis of phenolic compounds) plants showed an increase in growth and a reduction in Petri-disease symptoms. Any new shoots and roots formed after Brotomax treatment did not show any sign of obstruction or tyloses formation.
Conformity and Influence

Abstract I model the behavior of decision-makers seeking conformity and influence in a connected population. The model allows for one-sided linking, with information flowing from the target to the link’s originator. Conformity is achieved only with a social order, necessitating differentiated rewards despite ex ante homogeneity. The leader holds a strategic social location ex post, exerting influence independent of any leadership traits. A strong desire to influence produces non-conforming autonomous decision-makers. Socially detrimental multiple leaders can be sustained as well.
On the mechanism of centennial thermohaline oscillations

Centennial oscillations of the ocean thermohaline circulation are studied in a 2-D latitude-depth model under mixed boundary conditions (i.e. restoring surface temperature and prescribed freshwater flux). The oscillations are revealed through linear stability analysis of a steady state obtained in a single hemisphere configuration. A density variance budget is performed and helps determine the physical processes sustaining these oscillations: the restoring surface temperature appears as a source of density variance – this is a consequence of positively-correlated temperature and salinity anomalies. A minimal model, the Howard-Malkus loop oscillator, enables us to understand physically the oscillatory and growth mechanisms. The centennial oscillation is connected to the advection of salinity anomaly around the loop; it is also related to the salinity feedback on the overturning which reinforces anomalies through a change of residence time in the freshwater flux regions. Analytical solutions of this loop model show that these centennial oscillations exist in a specific parameter regime in terms of the freshwater flux amplitude F0: oscillations are damped if F0 is too weak, but if F0 is too large, the instability grows exponentially without oscillating – the latter regime is known as the positive salinity feedback. The robustness of these oscillations is then analyzed in more realistic bihemispheric configurations, some including a highly idealized Antarctic Circumpolar Current: oscillations are then always damped. These results are rationalized with the loop model, and compared to the oscillations found in general circulation models.
Consumption of atmospheric methane by soils: A process‐based model

A process‐based model for the consumption of atmospheric methane (CH4) by soils was developed to identify the most important factors affecting uptake rates and to determine whether the current uncertainties in the estimated size of the global soil sink might be reduced. Descriptions of diffusion and microbial oxidation processes, which together determine the CH4 flux, were included. The results suggest that the global sink strength lies within the range 20–51 Tg yr−1 CH4, with a preferred value of 38 Tg yr−1 CH4. Dry tropical ecosystems account for almost a third of this total. Here microbial activity rather than diffusion is limiting uptake. It is also in these areas that the impact of any intensification in agriculture will be the most pronounced, with a possible future reduction in uptake in excess of 3 Tg yr−1 CH4. This is in contrast to the overall impact of global warming, which is expected to leave the size of the global soil sink relatively unchanged.
Life with a weak Heart; Prolonging the Grace Mission despite degraded Batteries

The two Grace satellites were successfully launched on March 17, 2002 by a Russian Rockot launcher. GRACE not only was the first dual-satellite mission operated by GSOC, but it also was the first formation-flying occurring at an altitude below 500 km. The mission is extremely successful from a scientific point of view and the originally envisaged mission duration of 5 years has more than doubled by now. A follow-on mission is planned by the same partners for 2016 and JPL projects a new generation in the twenties, so there is a strong incentive to prolong GRACE and try to bridge the gap. Infirmity comes with age and several components have deteriorated or are defunct. Nevertheless, the scientific goals can still be obtained to nigh on 100%. The major challenge for operations is posed by the degradation of the NiH2 batteries. These are comprised of 20 cells packaged in the common pressure vessel (CPV) configuration. However, two cells have shorted out on Grace 1 and one on Grace 2. The available capacity of the operational cells is also severely degraded. The current operational capacity of the batteries is limited to ≤ 3 Ah as compared to the original nameplate capacity of 16 Ah. This paper describes the special operations needed to prolong the mission despite the considerable power constraints. The first Section gives a general overview with emphasis on the components relevant to this paper. The battery, its current state and the mission specific circumstances which require special handling are described in Section 2. The several threats to and failure mechanisms of NiH2 batteries are also presented here. The third Section then contains a detailed description of all measures taken to pamper the batteries. This includes heater and parameter settings, special on-board macros, orbit-to-orbit charge regulation, but also physical actions such as turning the satellites away from the Sun to force battery discharging and subsequent charging. The fourth Section, finally, presents conclusions, recommendations and an estimation of how long the Grace mission can be prolonged.
Structural Characteristics and Crystallization of Metallic Glass Sputtered Films by Using Zr System Target

Zr-Al-Ni-Cu thin films were deposited by the radio-frequency sputtering method at low substrate temperature using three kinds of targets: Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 bulk metallic glass target (𝛼-BMG target), crystallized bulk metallic glass target (c-BMG target), and an elemental composite target composed of each Zr, Al, Ni chips, and Cu plate. XRD profiles of the films prepared when using these targets indicated that all of the films showed amorphous structures. While XRD profiles of the films using 𝛼- and c-BMG targets revealed a broad peak of 2𝜃=38 degree in the same way as the 𝛼-BMG target indicating amorphous structures, that of the film using elemental composite targets showed a broad peak of 2𝜃=42 degree, which is higher compared to the latter material. As a result of annealing the films at various temperatures for 900 seconds, the film using the 𝛼-BMG target showed a crystallization temperature of 748 K, higher than that of BMG with 723 K, while the other films had lower crystallization temperatures below 723 K. XRD profiles also indicated that the crystallized compounds of the films were different from those of BMG target.
An Empirical Study of Household Internet Continuance Adoption among Jordanian Users

Summary The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a theoretical model of household Internet behavioral adoption, its actual usage by Jordanians, and the intentions on continuous subscription in the future. In deriving the conceptual model for this study three existing research frameworks are concerned with behavioral adoption and usage of ICT :the theory of planned behavior (TPB); the technology acceptance model (TAM); and uses and gratifications (U&G) theory. Since this study is concerned with acceptance and actual usage of household Internet which has already taken place, the model give more attention to usage behavior and the intention to continued usage of the household Internet in the future based on the past Jordanian experience and subscription. The empirical examination of study model indicates that the Jordanian household Internet usage behavior is determined directly by three internal beliefs, including individual perceived needs, perceived ease of use, and perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the results revealed that the adopter satisfaction, family, subjective norms, and perceived resources are directly influence on the Jordanian users’ intention to continued use of the Internet in household.
Phenomenology and Integral Pheno‐Practice of Embodied Well‐Be(com)ing in Organisations

Aiming for developing a comprehensive understanding this paper investigates the multidimensional phenomenon of well‐being in organizations as an embodied and integral process from a phenomenological perspective. In particular, the paper will show how the advanced phenomenology of Merleau‐Ponty (1962, 1964) can help to render an extended understanding of the ‘incorporated’ dimensions of well‐being. Phenomenologically organizations will be understood as situated in an embodied life‐world in which well‐being takes place. Based on this phenomenological understanding, the article proposes an integral pheno‐practice of well‐being, by which the interior and exterior dimension as well as individual and collective spheres of well‐being and its interconnected processes are integrated. For overcoming a dualistic orientation, then a processual turn is suggested, allowing a decentred perspective of well‐be(com)ing as an emerging and inter‐relational event and accomplishment. In addition to some practical effects and implications by concluding some perspectives of further research of an integral well‐be(com)ing are discussed.
Climate Fields over South America and Variability of SACZ and PSA in HadGEM2-ES

Historical simulations (present climate) and projections under RCP8.5 scenario (future climate) by HadGEM2-ES of temperature and precipitation are analyzed during the four seasons in South America. Projections of precipitation are discussed in terms of atmospheric circulation. The South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) and the Pacific South America (PSA) patterns are analyzed in simulations of present climate and in future climate projections. The model shows small systematic errors over South America, larger close to the northern South American coast in DJF and MAM. The seasonal variability of precipitation, temperature and wind fields is very well reproduced, mainly the summer/winter differences. The SACZ and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) are well simulated. The good model performance to reproduce the precipitation, temperature and wind fields, in the present climate, gives confidence in the projection results subject to the future scenarios. Changes from the present time to the future indicate increased precipitation over southern and southeastern Brazil and areas nearby and the tropical western South American coast. Reduced precipitation is projected over eastern Amazonia, northern South America and southern Chile. The changes are related to changes in the low level wind flow over the tropical North Atlantic, which reduces the advection of moisture to the continent and also to the increased low level flow over central South America southwards, which increases the humidity in the southern regions. The upper level flow changes are also consistent with the precipitation changes. There is a weakening of the Bolivian High and a strengthening of the subtropical jet over the continent. The SACZ dipole pattern is well simulated and in the future projections the southern center anomalies are more intense than in the present time. The PSA1 and PSA2 patterns are well represented in the present climate, but in the future projection only one dominant mode is identified as the typical teleconnection over the Pacific and South America.
The Development of Intercultural Communicative Competence in Foreign Language Teaching

We make part of a contemporary globalized world characterized by extensive communication between people of different cultural backgrounds and languages. In a modern foreign language teaching and learning context, this entails that learners should be aided in developing their intercultural communicative competence. Put differently, in order to function appropriately and smoothly in intercultural situations, learners should be made aware of a set of fundamental facts about the culture that vehicles a foreign language, master a range of communicative skills and adopt new attitudes of tolerance and acceptance of culture-specific norms and behaviours. The present paper attempts to shed light on the situation of teaching culture at the Department of English, University of Jijel, and the need to develop third-year-LMD-students’ intercultural communicative competence
A Cache Utility Monitor for Multi-core Processor

In recent years, high performance computing systems have obtained more processing cores and shared a last level cache (LLC). Now, the problem to the existing cache partitioning techniques is that they give each core the number of cache ways according to their need, these schemes have the potential to realize significant performance increases, yet for most part they do not consider LLC energy saving. In this paper, we design and realize a multi-processing processor monitor. Through a utility monitor we calculate the number of hits and misses when allocate different cache ways to each application. In other words, we use utility monitors to track the access by each core to characterize each thread’s use of the cache. Dynamically give each core the number of ways based on the performance to achieve its highest utilization. On gem5, we run Parsec benchmarks as our multi-threaded application. We output the numbers of misses for all possible number of ways, and find the number of associativity to achieve its highest utilization. By analysing experimental results, cache miss rate decreases with the increasing of the cache capacity. Keywords-Multicore; Shared cache; Cache partitioning.
Computational Study of the Mechanism, Reaction Rate and Thermochemistry of Atmospheric Oxidation of Methylamine with Singlet Oxygen

The reaction of CH₃NH₂ with O₂ on the singlet potential energy surfaces (PES) was carried out using the B3LYP, CCSD(T) and G3B3 theoretical approaches along with 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set. The suggested mechanism for the title reaction consists of one pre-reactive complex. From the pre-reactive complex, nine types of products, CH2NH+H2O2, CH3NH+OOH, NH2CHO+H2O, CH2NHO+H2O, NH3+HCOOH, CH2NH+H2+O2, HCHO+NH2OH, CH2NH2+HOO and CH2NH+H2OO are obtained. Six adducts are found to be thermodynamically stable with the negative value in Gibbs free energy and three products are not stable with positive value in Gibbs free energy at standard condition. NH2CHO+H2O and NH3+HCOOH with more free energy values are the thermodynamic products. CH2NH and H2O2 are the major products for the title reaction. The rate constant for the major pathway is calculated in the temperature range of 300-1000 K at atmospheric pressure at the B3LYP//6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of computation.
Numerical Simulations of a 2.05 μm Q-switched Ho:YLF Laser for CO2 IPDA Space Remote Sensing

We report on numerical simulations of the performances of a 2.05 μm double pulse Q-switched Ho:YLF laser for the monitoring of CO 2 from space. A Q-switched Holmium laser set-up based on a MOPA configuration is proposed to fulfill the requirements of a IPDA space-borne measurement. Double pulse operation is considered to obtain a 250 μs delay time between the ON and OFF pulse emissions. Numerical simulations results show that up to 40 mJ ON pulse can be extracted from the Ho:YLF laser at a repetition rate of 350 Hz with an optical efficiency of 17 %.
Ultraviolet Emission from Stellar Populations within Tidal Tails: Catching the Youngest Galaxies in Formation?

New Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) observations have detected significant far-UV (FUV; 1530 Å) and near-UV (NUV; 2310 Å) emission from stellar substructures within the tidal tails of four ongoing galaxy mergers. The UV-bright regions are optically faint and are coincident with H I density enhancements. FUV emission is detected at any location where the H I surface density exceeds ~2 M☉ pc-2, and it is often detected in the absence of visible wavelength emission. UV luminosities of the brighter regions of the tidal tails imply masses of 106 to ~109 M☉ in young stars in the tails, and H I luminosities imply similar H I masses. UV-optical colors of the tidal tails indicate stellar populations as young as a few megayears, and in all cases ages under 400 Myr. Most of the young stars in the tails formed in single bursts, rather than resulting from continuous star formation, and they formed in situ as the tails evolved. Star formation appears to be older near the parent galaxies and younger at increasing distances from the parent galaxy. This could be because the star formation occurs progressively along the tails, or because the star formation has been inhibited near the galaxy/tail interface. The youngest stellar concentrations, usually near the ends of long tidal tails, have masses comparable to confirmed tidal dwarf galaxies and may be newly forming galaxies undergoing their first burst of star formation.
PSO and its variants 2 . 1 Constricted Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper proposes a modified version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) called Information Diffusion PSO (ID-PSO). In PSO algorithms, premature convergence of particles could be prevented by defining proper population topology. In this paper, we propose a variant of PSO algorithm using a new population topology. We draw inspiration from the theory of information diffusion which models the transmission of information or a rumor as one-to-one interactions between people. In ID-PSO, a particle interacts with only one particle at each iteration and they share their personal best solutions and recognized best solutions. Each particle recognizes the best solution that it has experienced or has learned from another particle as the recognized best. Computational experiments on the benchmark functions show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm compared with the existing methods which use different population topologies.