Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organic matter fractions and soil carbon sequestration after 15- years of integrated nutrient management and tillage systems in an annual double cropping system in northern India

Labile soil organic carbon pools are valuable indicators of soil quality, early changes in soil total organic carbon (TOC) stocks, and (hence) changes in soil carbon sequestration pools and dynamics induced by changes in soil tillage and nutrient management practices. To improve the soil carbon sequestration in northern India, we have examined effects of tillage, crop residues and nutrient management treatments applied in a 15-year experiment on TOC and the following fractions: soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN), water soluble carbon (WSC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) microbial biomass carbon and (MBC). The tillage crop residue practices were ZT without residue (T1), ZT with 4 tha-1 residue retained (T2), ZT with 6 tha-1 residue retained (T3), PRB without residue (T4), PRB with 4 tha-1 residue retained (T5), PRB with 6 tha-1 residue retained (T6), and conventional tillage (T7) was combined with the following nutrient management treatments: control (no manure and fertilizer) (F1), 100% RDN as CF (F2), 75% RDN as CF+25% RDN as FYM (F3), 75% RDN as CF+25% RDN as GM/SPM (F4), 50% RDN as CF+50% RDN as FYM (F5), 50% RDN as CF+50% RDN as GM/SPM (F6) and1/3rd N as CF+1/3rd N as FYM+1/3rd N as GM/SPM (F7). After 15 years, T3 treatment resulted in significantly increased 66.1%, 63.9%, 57.9%, 50.9%, 39.4%, 38.3%, 37.3% and 32% LFOC, TOC, SOC, PON, TN, LFON, DOC and POC, over T7 treatment and WSC 39.6% in surface soil and 37.4% in subsurface soil. Out of the four C fractions, LFOC and KMnO4 C were the most sensitive indicators of changes in TOC induced by the soil tillage and nutrient management practices. Under RWCS, TOC contents were similar in F6, F7 and F3 plots, and significantly higher than those in F1 plots (by 50.4% 48.3%, and 43.3% respectively). Manure addition further enhanced TOC contents, which were highest following the F5 treatment (21.37 gkg−1). LFOC were also significantly higher following the treatments including organic amendment than following applications solely of chemical fertilizers, except that the F5, F6 and F7 treatments resulted in similar LFOC contents. Application solely of chemical fertilizers had no significant effects on LFOC and KMnO4C fractions compared with unfertilized control plots. Nevertheless, application of F5 or F6 significantly increased contents of POC and MBC relative to F1 (by 49.6%and 40.9% or70.2% and 63.4%, respectively). These results demonstrated that conservation agriculture that integrates application of nutrient management, tillage and crop residue is crucial for improving soil health and sustainability of farming systems in northern India.
Assessing Interviewer Effects on Nonresponse Bias

A common characteristic in almost all sample surveys is the presence of nonresponse. Nonresponse can negatively affect the quality of the sample estimates, because of the possibility of selection bias. One potential factor that can influence nonresponse is the survey interviewer. In this study, we employ multilevel modelling techniques to investigate interviewer effects on nonresponse bias in survey estimates of interest. We describe an application for the method using data from the 2001 UK Labour Force Survey (LFS). Information at individual level on both respondents and nonrespondents was acquired by linking each household member in the LFS dataset to the 2001 UK census individual records. The results show that there is evidence of nonresponse bias driven by interviewers.
Effect of different sources of boron and it’s different doses on boron fractions of the soil

Among micronutrients, B deficiency is wide spread throughout India. Factor such as pH, texture, organic matter, temperature, moisture content and plant species influence B adsorption, and thereby, plant B uptake. Coarse textured soils prone to leaching as a result of excessive rainfall in humid climate are generally associated with B deficiency. Boron is retained in soils by adsorption onto minerals and humic particles and by forming insoluble Total boron content in Indian soils has been reported to varying from 3.80 to 630 mg kg-1 and available boron from 0.04 to 7.40 mg kg-1. It is imperative that application of Zn and B containing fertilizers are needed to exploit the production potential of crops under cropping systems and also to mitigate the deficiencies of these nutrients. Addition of S + Zn + B in balanced fertilization schedule increased N, P and K utilization efficiency which highlights the role of micronutrients in increasing macronutrient use efficiency. Since, maize and black gram are the two important crops which are preferred much for its nutritional quality; the present study “Relative changes in Boron fractions in black gram rhizosphere” was contemplated with two objectives: 1) To find out the suitable source, dose and method of boron for black gram 2) To study the changes in relative boron fractionation under black gram rhizosphere. To achieve the present objectives a field experiment was conducted with Greek gram var. IPU2-43 in factorial randomized block design with three sources, four doses and two methods of application of boron replicated thrice at Bihar Agricultural College Farm of BAU, Sabour during the year 2018-19. Three sources were: S1: Borax, S2: Solubor and S3: Boric acid; Doses: D1: 0.5 kg ha-1, D2: 1.0 kg ha-1, D3: 1.5 kg ha-1, D4: 2.0 kg ha-1and methods: soil and foliar application. Based on the findings of field experiment it can be concluded that the application of graded doses of boron enhanced the growth and yield as well as concentration and uptake of boron. Therefore, addition of boron fertilizer made more boron nutrient available to the black gram crop. The study of different forms of boron in soil also indicated that most of the soil boron was found in the form of residual boron. The trend of the boron forms in soil was found as residual B > organically bound boron > Oxide bound boron > readily soluble boron > specifically adsorbed boron.
Plant phenology evaluation of CRESCENDO land surface models – Part I: start and end of growing season

Abstract. Plant phenology plays a fundamental role in land-atmosphere interactions, and its variability and variations are an indicator of climate and environmental changes. For this reason, current land surface models include phenology parameterizations and related biophysical and biogeochemical processes. In this work, the climatology of beginning and end of the growing season, simulated by seven state-of-the-art European land surface models, is evaluated globally against satellite observations. The assessment is performed using the vegetation metric leaf area index and a recently-developed approach, named four growing season types. On average, the land surface models show a 0.6-month delay in the growing season start, while they are about 0.5 months earlier in the growing season end. Difference with observation tends to be higher in the Southern Hemisphere compared to the Northern Hemisphere. High agreement between land surface models and observations is exhibited in areas dominated by broad-leaf deciduous trees, while high variability is noted in regions dominated by broad-leaf deciduous shrubs. Generally, the timing of the growing season end is accurately simulated in about 25 % of global land grid points versus 16 % in the timing of growing season start. The refinement of phenology parameterization can lead to better representation of vegetation-related energy, water, and carbon cycles in land surface models, but plant phenology is also affected by plant physiology and soil hydrology processes. Consequently, phenology representation and, in general, vegetation modelling is a complex task, which still needs further improvement, evaluation, and multi-model comparison.
An in silico phylogenetic analysis and homology modelling of coat protein of banana bract mosaic virus

The present study was undertaken to enable the development of molecular strategies against BBrMV based on coat protein (CP) gene. The CP gene of Banana Bract Mosaic Virus (BBrMV) from infected Musa sp. var. Grand Naine (Kerala) was isolated and analysed using the BLAST tool. The fifty-six sequences showing 94-98% sequence similarity with this sequence were retrieved from Gen Bank database for divergence study. The phylogenetic analysis divided the isolates into two major clades with mean distance of 0.030. A conserved region of 234 nucleotides was identified in all the isolates. Neutrality test and secondary structure prediction of CP gene suggested purifying selection. The CP of all isolates showed the presence of conserved DAG motif while rad4 which functions in recombination and repair was found only in CP of isolate from Grand Naine (Kerala). CP structure was modelled using Modeller, I-tasser and swiss-modeller.
Disabilities people: Investigation with use of the stereotype ordinal regression, variables and models selection for Brazil and São Paulo, Distrito Federal and Roraima states

In his work, was applied crossings between pairs of variables, homogeneity test; stereotype ordinal regression, variables selection by the Wald Statistics, calculate the risk probability, and, by finally; models selection by the criteria AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion) and DIC (Deviation Information criterion) second sample each of the following deficiencies: see, listen, move and mental from dataset obtained from the 2010 Population Census data sample (respondents Complete the Questionnaire) formed by 20,635,472 people interviewed all over the country with the objective of studying relationship between different variables such as disability, level of education, gender, income in minimum wages among others, and; comparative studies among the following states: São Paulo, Distrito Federal and Roraima.
ANALYSIS OF PV FED VECTOR CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE

Lecturer (Senior Grade), Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Sakthi Polytechnic College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Induction Motor drives are broadly used in various industries for adjustable speed applications. Induction Motor drives are preferred for its simple and easy control. Vector control of an Induction Motor is suitable to attain good dynamic performance. The Proportional Integral Controller (PID) is proposed in this paper to develop the dynamic performance of the drive. Conventional open loop system with Space Vector Modulation (SVM) is easy to implement but it is not suitable and instable for the change in load. The additional feature in this system is photo Voltaic (PV) power source. Energy demand in India imposes going for renewable energy. This paper intends PV powered PI based vector controlled induction motor drive which produces a good dynamic response. The whole system is analyzed using Matlab / Simulink and compared with the conventional SVM controls.
Genetic diversity of Tutaabsoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) populations in three districts of Tamil Nadu

The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of Tutaabsoluta in vegetable growing regions of Tamil Nadu during September 2016 to August, 2017. Among the twenty four location surveyed in three districts viz., Coimbatore, Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri, T. absoluta infestation was found in all locations. Species identification was confirmed by collecting adults from the surveyed locations. Molecular identification of specimens from surveyed districts was performed using mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers. Characterisation of T. absoluta populations from Coimbatore, Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri Districts using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) revealed that the Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri population were closely related with NCBI accession sourced from IARI (KY619683), New Delhi, India, whereas, the Coimbatore population with Spain (GU353336) and Turkey (KTO02421) population.
Management of root-knoot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on okra and lentil by soil amendment with oil cakes and leaves of different plants

An investigation was undertaken to ascertain the effect of soil amendments with oil cakes of castor and neem and leaves of castor, Persian lilac/bakain and neem, alone and in combination, on Meloidogyne incognita, plant growth and chlorophyll content of okra and lentil and Rhizobium root nodulation of lentil. In general, all treatments significantly reduced root galling and improved plant growth and chlorophyll content, except when treatment was with castor leaf alone. Performance was improved when the amendments were combined. Neem cakes combined with the other soil amendments gave the best nematode control and plant growth. All treatments increased root nodulation of lentil.
Enhancing Student Learning through Social Network Experiences

-In Social Networking Microblogging sites enables the user to share their everyday encounters (i.e., shortest updated message) with friends within a second. Engineering student shares their daily experiences with friends on Social Networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, etc. A large amount of data is generated from the student experiences; this helps for educational Learners and Learning analytics to understand the student experiences on Social network. In our system, we have analyzed engineering student Twitter post, i
EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF GUIDES WAVES USE IN DETECTING CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLAWS IN PIPES

In a finite elements (FEM) simulation, the authors have predicted the possibility to detect a 0.1mm deep circular notch at 305 mm distance from the transducer, in a 385 mm long cupper pipe of 15mm outer diameter and 1mm wall thickness. For direct comparison purpose, on Fig.1 is presented the time signal in the pipe at the transducer location. The detection of flaws in steel pipes of plants is often hampered by the presence of insulation or inaccessible areas such as the cases of building penetrations, buried piping or confined spaces [1]. Although the traditional methods of ultrasonic inspection are straightforward for the detection of flaws, there are cases in which access to the pipe surface is limited. In order to cover the inspection areas with configuration limits and minimize the amount of insulation removal, it would be beneficial to utilize a method capable of inspecting a long axial extent of piping using guided waves from a single location [2]. A hole defect and sevenhole cluster defect in a clean pipe were insonified with varying frequency. The peak-to peak amplitude response for each frequency was measured and plotted as a function of frequency to identify any preferred frequencies [3]. The problem of guided waves for pipe inspection is addressed with a different approach, by processing ultrasonic signals with a low signal/noise ratio acquired with a single transducer in a pulse–echo configuration. In order to improve the evaluation of results, frequency bandpass filters and wavelet analysis were tested [4]. From both theoretical and experimental studies, it also could be said that the amount of flexural modes reflected from a defect contains information on the reflector’s circumferential angle, as well as potentially other classification and sizing feature information [5]. The present paper is an experimental approach of a companion paper. The numerically simulated longitudinal L(0,2) mode propagation is experimentally tested and a notch is localized on the outer surface of the pipe. Incident signal
Effect of paired row technique using drip irrigation system on brinjal in Vertisols of Malaprabha command in Northern Karnataka

A field experiment was conducted during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to compare the paired row technique and normal drip irrigation system on brinjal in Vertisols of Malaprabha command in Northern Karnataka. Drip system with irrigation treatment as 1.0 Etc, 0.8 ETc and 0.6 ETc in the paired row technique and normal drip system were considered along with farmers method as check was considered for the study. Normal row (22.74 T.ha-1) and paired row drip system yields (21.16 T.ha-1) brinjal which is on par with farmers method (19.15 T.ha-1). The water use efficiency was maximum 41.17 Kg. (ha.mm)-1 with paired layout and with farmers method was recored 41.4 Kg. (ha.mm)-1 but also which is on par with normal drip system method of irrigation 38.7 Kg. (ha.mm)-1. The gross and net income was recorded maximum (Rs 186080 ha-1 and Rs 86250 ha-1) in normal drip system and also this was on par with the paired row and farmers method of irrigation. The B:C ratio was maximum (2.07) in case of normal system which was recorded non-significant with the other treatments. The superior water use efficiency was recorded with 0.6 ETc (46.51 Kg. (ha.mm)-1). Interaction effect between irrigation 0.8 ETc with normal row drip system was also recorded superior water use efficiency (46.51 Kg. (ha.mm)-1. The overall water saving was recorded about 12.89 percent, 22.31 percent and 42.34 percent with 1.0 ETc 0.8 ETc, and 0.6 ETc respectively compared with farmers method.
Healthism@MediaEval 2019 - Insights for Wellbeing Task: Factors Related to Subjective and Objective Health

This paper presents an overview of our proposed methods for the two subtasks of MediaEval 2019 “Insights forWellbeing”. The goal is to investigate the factors related to personal environmental health conditions (PEH). We model this as a regression problem where environmental factors measured by both physical sensors and psychological perception ratings are used as indicators for predicting the target values of objective or subjective PEH measures. A variety of models (e.g., GBDT and LSTM) have been employed to conduct the regressions. The experimental results indicate that objective PEH is mainly determined by the factors indicated by physical sensors and the temperature and humidity contribute the most. Subjective PEH is dominated by the perceptual factors collected from questionnaires and indicated by urban natures mined from a GIS dataset.
The Drosophila Neurogenin, Tap, controls axonal growth through the Wnt adaptor protein Dishevelled

The Neurogenin (Ngn) transcription factors control early neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth in mammalian cortex. In contrast to their proneural activity, their function in neurite growth is poorly understood. Drosophila has a single predicted Ngn homologue called Tap, whose function is completely unknown. Here we show that Tap is not a proneural protein in Drosophila but is required for proper axonal growth and guidance of neurons of the mushroom body (MB), a neuropile required for associative learning and memory. Genetic and expression analyses suggest that Tap inhibits excessive axonal growth by fine regulation of the levels of the Wnt signaling adaptor protein, Dishevelled. Summary The Drosophila Neurogenin homologue, Target of Pox neuro (Tap), prevents axonal overgrowth by regulating the Wnt Planar Cell Polarity pathway adaptor protein Dishevelled.
Multiple observing modes for wide-field optical surveillance of GEO space

Very wide field of view optical sensors with silicon detectors are being used in multiple survey modes by J. T. McGraw and Associates to provide persistent, affordable surveillance of GEO space to faint limiting magnitudes. Examples include: • classical staring mode with typical integration times of seconds provided by multiple co-directed sensors to provide a deep mosaic of tens of square degrees per exposure to faint limiting magnitude • step-and-stare observations of several second integration time from which a continuous, overlapped, mosaicked image of GEO space can be provided • time-delay and integrate (TDI) imagery obtained by driving the telescope in declination and stepping the telescope in the E-W direction, which produces repeated, overlapping (if desired), synoptic images of GEO space With current 350 mm diameter optics, detection limits for concentrated observations (e.g. “neighborhood watch”) detection limits of magnitude 18 are achieved, and for uncued survey the detection limits are fainter than magnitude 16. Each of these techniques can employ multiple telescopes to obtain search rates in excess of 1000 square degrees per hour, allowing complete uncued CONUS GEO surveillance to +/15 degrees latitude every two nighttime hours. With appropriate placement, sensors could provide complete coverage of GEO to these limiting magnitudes at the same survey rate. At each step of the development of this unique capability we discuss the fundamental underlying physical principals of optics, detectors, search modes and siting that enable this survey, a valuable adjunct to RF, radar, GEODSS and other optical surveys of GEO space.
Prediction of area and production along with production function for area, production and productivity of linseed crop in undivided bastar region of Chhattisgarh

Bastar region comes under Bastar plateau, agro climatic zone of Chhattisgarh. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the predictive models for area and production of linseed crop in undivided Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. Time series data for the period from 1983-84 to 1997-98 on linseed were utilized for the study. The predictive model under study included a unique feature of structural periodic effect as a factor to capture the cyclic pattern, if any, along with trend effect in the time-series data. This periodic effect was estimated for area and production of the linseed. Apart from this model as a first case, wherein 4-year periodic cyclic effect is assumed along with annual effect working within it as a nested effect; another model has also been assumed with an overall periodic effect variable in combination with overall trend effect variable without any nesting, for comparison with the first case. Additionally, influences of area and productivity of the crops were also worked out to understand the impact of influencing factor (either area or) on the production of linseed.
Marginal Indemnification Formulation for Optimal Reinsurance

In this paper, we propose to combine the Marginal Indemnification Formulation (MIF) and the Lagrangian dual method to solve optimal reinsurance model with distortion risk measure and distortion reinsurance premium principle. The MIF method exploits the absolute continuity of admissible indemnification functions and formulates optimal reinsurance model into a linear programming of determining an optimal measurable [0, 1]-valued function. The MIF method was recently introduced to analyze the reinsurance model but without premium budget constraint. In this paper, a Lagrangian dual method is developed to combine with MIF to solve for optimal reinsurance solutions under premium budget constraint. Compared with the existing literature, our proposed integrated MIF-based Lagrangian dual method provides a more technically convenient and transparent solution to the optimal reinsurance design. To demonstrate the practicality of our proposed method, analytical solution is derived on a particular reinsurance model that involves minimizing Conditional Value at Risk (a special case of distortion function) and with the reinsurance premium being determined by the inverse-S shaped distortion principle. JEL Classification: C61; G22; G32.