Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ErCas12a and T5exo-ErCas12a Mediate Simple and Efficient Genome Editing in Zebrafish

Simple Summary CRISPR/Cas9 enables efficient mutagenesis and generation of various knockout and knockin alleles in many species including zebrafish. However, the application of the Cas12a nuclease in zebrafish is far from ideal due to demanding experimental conditions, especially the requirements for delivery such as a purified protein and the heatshock of embryos. Here we show that ErCas12a, the only Cas12a reported to be effective when injected as mRNA in zebrafish, is highly efficient for large fragment knockin via either microhomology-mediated or non-homologous end joining pathways with mild heatshock conditions. Moreover, we fused T5 exonuclease to ErCas12a and found that the fusion protein could efficiently induce gene knockout and knockin without heatshock. Therefore, we demonstrated the efficacy of multiple genome-editing applications using ErCas12a and its variant with simplified conditions in zebrafish. Abstract In zebrafish, RNA-guided endonucleases such as Cas9 have enabled straightforward gene knockout and the construction of reporter lines or conditional alleles via targeted knockin strategies. However, the performance of another commonly used CRISPR system, Cas12a, is significantly limited due to both the requirement of delivery as purified protein and the necessity of heatshock of injected embryos. To explore the potential of CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated genome editing and simplify its application in zebrafish, we took advantage of the recently reported mRNA-active ErCas12a and investigated its efficacy for the knockin of large DNA fragments, such as fluorescent reporter genes. For knockin via either microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathways, ErCas12a-injected embryos with a brief heatshock displayed comparable knockin efficiency with Cas9 injection. Through the fusion of T5 exonuclease (T5exo) to the N-terminus of ErCas12a (T5exo-ErCas12a), we further demonstrated high efficiency gene knockout and knockin at a normal incubation temperature, eliminating the embryo-damaging heatshock step. In summary, our results demonstrate the feasibility of ErCas12a- and T5exo-ErCas12a-mediated genome manipulation under simplified conditions, and further expand the genome editing toolbox for various applications in zebrafish.
Effect of Duxseal on Horizontal Stress and Soil Stiffness in Small-Amplitude Dynamic Centrifuge Models

The constitutive behavior of soil is stress dependent. Therefore, geotechnical centrifuges are widely used to replicate full-scale stress fields, thereby ensuring the correct soil response within reduced-scale centrifuge models. A vibration absorbing material (such as Duxseal) is commonly employed to reduce the effect of reflected waves generated at the boundaries of rigid containers in dynamic centrifuge tests. However, such a material has the potential to deform laterally under the high horizontal stresses applied within centrifuge tests and consequently the initial at rest lateral earth pressure condition will not be maintained. A procedure to back-calculate the lateral earth pressure coefficient ( 𝐾 ) is presented in this paper. In addition, two experimental methods, which are implemented to evaluate 𝐾 by measuring the shear wave velocity from centrifuge-based air hammer testing and triaxial based bender element testing, are described. Results demonstrate that significant lateral earth pressure and soil stiffness reductions are observed within the upper soil region (top third of the model depth). In addition, the appropriate manipulation of the cross-correlation method used to process shear wave signals is discussed and an empirical equation to predict the small strain shear modulus of the dry silica sand (HST95 Congleton sand) used in this study is provided. Outcomes of this study are directly applicable to small-amplitude dynamic centrifuge tests such as ground-borne vibrations; some factors relating to large-amplitude seismic studies, such as soil inertial effects and
Beyond Novelty–familiarity Dualism: The Food Consumption Spectrum of Chinese Outbound Tourists

ABSTRACT China has become the largest source market for international tourism, and food is essential for outbound travel. Only a few studies have focused on the food consumption of Chinese outbound tourists. Existing studies have sought to understand tourists’ food consumption based on the novelty–familiarity dual structure. This article adopts qualitative research methods to analyze the food consumption of Chinese outbound tourists in Spain. It finds that the food consumption of outbound tourists runs along a continuous spectrum from novelty to familiarity rather than a polarized choice, with the local food of tourist destinations and tourists’ home foods comprising the two ends of the spectrum. In the middle of the consumption spectrum are various foods that mix familiarity and novelty, such as fast food and overseas Chinese food. The Chinese outbound tourists chose foods according to their situated needs. The food consumption spectrum illustrates the in-betweenness and hybridity of tourists’ food consumption generated by globalization, enriching the findings on the dual structure of diet in existing studies. This study also provides suggestions for tourist destinations about tailoring food services for international tourists.
Research in Sensing Characteristics of Reverse-double-excitation Solenoid Wearing Debris Sensor

The sensor is an important part of monitoring debris technique,the function of sensor directly affects the result of monitoring.In term of electromagnetic field principle and Biot-Savart Law etc,the mathematies model of reverse-double-excitation solenoid wearing deris sensor was deduced in allusion to a new type debris sensor that is studing,and analysee its sensing characteristics.It offers the basis theory to the design,optimation and function of improvement for this sensor.
Epigenetic Alteration of the Cancer-Related Gene TGFBI in B Cells Infected with Epstein–Barr Virus and Exposed to Aflatoxin B1: Potential Role in Burkitt Lymphoma Development

Simple Summary Endemic Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive pediatric cancer whose etiological factors include Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and malaria or environmental carcinogen exposures, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). As evidence suggests B cell methylome remodeling to be a transformation mechanism shared by both EBV and AFB1, the identification of a common molecular signature compromising cell fate could reveal an essential driver of lymphomagenesis and provide a relevant target for novel therapies. We, therefore, explored the genome-wide DNA methylation profiles associated with both endemic Burkitt lymphoma and AFB1 exposure and identified a shared signature affecting the expression of a putative tumor suppressor, TGFBI, whose reduced expression has already been investigated in several cancers, but whose implication in lymphoma has not been evidenced so far. Further research clarifying the functional consequence of TGFBI suppression on B cell fate and the impact on tumor microenvironment reshaping is warranted. Abstract Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a malignant B cell neoplasm that accounts for almost half of pediatric cancers in sub-Saharan African countries. Although the BL endemic prevalence is attributable to the combination of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection with malaria and environmental carcinogens exposure, such as the food contaminant aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the molecular determinants underlying the pathogenesis are not fully understood. Consistent with the role of epigenetic mechanisms at the interface between the genome and environment, AFB1 and EBV impact the methylome of respectively leukocytes and B cells specifically. Here, we conducted a thorough investigation of common epigenomic changes following EBV or AFB1 exposure in B cells. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling identified an EBV–AFB1 common signature within the TGFBI locus, which encodes for a putative tumor suppressor often altered in cancer. Subsequent mechanistic analyses confirmed a DNA-methylation-dependent transcriptional silencing of TGFBI involving the recruitment of DNMT1 methyltransferase that is associated with an activation of the NF-κB pathway. Our results reveal a potential common mechanism of B cell transformation shared by the main risk factors of endemic BL (EBV and AFB1), suggesting a key determinant of disease that could allow the development of more efficient targeted therapeutic strategies.
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to the Audit of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

High rates of inappropriate use of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis were reported in many countries. Auditing the prophylactic antimicrobial use in enormous medical records by manual review is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The purpose of this study is to develop accurate and efficient machine learning models for auditing appropriate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis. The supervised machine learning classifiers (Auto-WEKA, multilayer perceptron, decision tree, SimpleLogistic, Bagging, and AdaBoost) were applied to an antimicrobial prophylaxis dataset, which contained 601 instances with 26 attributes. Multilayer perceptron, SimpleLogistic selected by Auto-WEKA, and decision tree algorithms had outstanding discrimination with weighted average AUC > 0.97. The Bagging and SMOTE algorithms could improve the predictive performance of decision tree against imbalanced datasets. Although with better performance measures, multilayer perceptron and Auto-WEKA took more execution time as compared with that of other algorithms. Multilayer perceptron, SimpleLogistic, and decision tree algorithms have outstanding performance measures for identifying the appropriateness of surgical prophylaxis. The efficient models developed by machine learning can be used to assist the antimicrobial stewardship team in the audit of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis. In future research, we still have the challenges and opportunities of enriching our datasets with more useful clinical information to improve the performance of the algorithms.
Multitechnique Geochronology of Intrusive and Explosive Activity on Piton des Neiges Volcano, Réunion Island

The construction of ocean island basaltic volcanoes consists of a succession of eruptions, intrusions, and metamorphism. These events are often temporally ill‐constrained because the most widely used radiometric dating methods applicable to mafic volcanic rocks (K‐Ar or 40Ar/39Ar on whole rock or groundmass) are prone to inaccuracy when applied to slowly cooled, altered, or vesicular and aphyric products. Here, we adopt a multitechnique geochronology approach (including zircon U‐Pb, phlogopite 40Ar/39Ar, zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He, and zircon double‐dating) to demonstrate its efficacy when applied to basaltic volcanoes. Taking the main volcano of Réunion Island (Piton des Neiges) as a case study, we establish the time of the major plutonic, metamorphic, and explosive events that had resisted previous dating attempts. We document four stages of pluton emplacement and metamorphism at 2,200–2,000 ka, 1,414 ± 8 ka, 665 ± 78 ka, and 150–110 ka, all coinciding with volcanism revival after quiescent intervals. We also date a major Plinian eruption at 188.2 ± 10.4 ka, coeval with the formation age of a large caldera, and, finally, we constrain the last eruption of Piton des Neiges to 27 ka, revising a previous estimate of 12 ka. By resolving several conundrums of Réunion's geological history, our multitechnique geochronology approach reveals that endogenous growth of a volcanic island proceeds as pulses at the beginning of renewed volcanism. We also demonstrate that crosschecking eruptions ages by diversified dating techniques is important to better assess the timing and recurrence of basaltic volcanic activity, with implications for hazard prediction.
Potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. for control of red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner on tea crop

ABSTRACT The present study evaluates the pathogenic efficacy of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. (=M. anisopliae) against the red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae damaging tea plants. Laboratory studies revealed that M. anisopliae s.l. was pathogenic on O. coffeae and exhibited 78% mortality. Evaluation of formulated 5% aqueous suspension (AS) of M. anisopliae (1000 ml containing 2 × 107 conidia/ml in 400 L of water/ha) against O. coffeae through micro-plot study revealed a maximum of 68.2% reduction in mite’s population in sprayed plots, as compared to Fenpyroximate (5% EC), where a 67.5% reduction in mite’s population was recorded. Furthermore, large-scale field trials with aqueous suspension of entomopathogen revealed that 1000 and 1200 ml doses of M. anisopliae s.l. 5%AS each in 400 L of water/ha significantly reduced O. coffeae’s population in the tea gardens of Dooars and Darjeeling regions, India. Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. was more effective than standard acaricides and was non-pathogenic to the beneficial insects present in the tea gardens. Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. 5%AS had no phytotoxic effect on the tea leaves, with acceptable organoleptic attributes. Thus, M. anisopliae s.l. isolate can be commercialized as an alternative natural acaricide to reduce the load of synthetic acaricides in the tea crop.
Effects of Fermented Vegetable Consumption on Human Gut Microbiome Diversity—A Pilot Study

The interest in fermented food products has been increasing in recent years. Details about their microbial composition and the effects of their consumption on the human gut microbiome are of particular interest. However, evidence regarding their potential to increase gut microbial diversity, a measure likely associated with health, is lacking. To address this, we analyzed the microbial composition of commercially available fermented vegetables using 16S rRNA sequencing. We also conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of studying the effects of regular consumption of fermented vegetables on the gut microbiome. Six healthy male volunteers participated in a randomized crossover trial, with two two-week intervention phases. Volunteers consumed 150 g/d of either sauerkraut or a variety of six different commercially available fermented vegetables. This study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00014840). Lactobacillales was the dominant family in all fermented vegetables studied. However, the alpha diversity, richness and evenness of the microbiota differed substantially among the different products. The number of species per product varied between 20 and 95. After consumption of both sauerkraut and the selection of fermented vegetables, we observed a slight increase in alpha diversity. Specifically, the amount of the genus Prevotella decreased while the amount of Bacteroides increased after both interventions. However, these initial observations need to be confirmed in larger studies. This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of this type of research.
Recent Generative Adversarial Approach in Face Aging And Dataset Review

Many studies have been carried out in the field of face-aging, from approaches that use pure image process algorithms, to approaches that use generative adversarial networks. In this paper, we provide a review of a classic approach to an approach using a Generative Adversarial Network. Discuss Structure, formulation, learning algorithm, challenge, the advantages, and disadvantages of the algorithms contained in each proposed algorithm with systematic discussion. Generative Adversarial Networks is an approach that gets the status of the art in the field of face aging by adding an aging module, making special attention to the face part, and using an identity preserving module to preserve identity. In this paper, we also discuss the database used in facial aging, along with its characteristics. A dataset which used in the face aging process must have such criteria: (1) has a fair enough age group in the dataset, each age group must have a small range, (2) has a balanced distribution of each age group, and (3) has enough number of face images.
Réflexion épistémologique
sur l’usage des focus groups :
fondements scientifiques et
problèmes de scientificité

Résumé Longtemps dominés par les techniques relevant de la recherche quantitative et les entretiens individuels, les focus groups ont récemment fait l’objet d’une attention particulière en sciences sociales. Leur usage généralisé apparaît dans un contexte épistémique marqué par le retour de l’acteur et un regain d’intérêt des chercheurs pour la recherche qualitative. Seulement, bon nombre d’auteurs ont privilégié les questions d’ordre méthodologique relatives à l’utilisation des focus groups, lesquels sont de surcroît perçus comme une méthode révolutionnaire. De ce fait, les questions épistémologiques sont ignorées au profit des procédures et modalités d’application du « nouvel instrument qualitatif ». L’objet du présent article est de mettre en évidence ces paramètres fondamentaux. Concrètement, nous examinons les fondements scientifiques des focus groups en révélant leurs ancrages théoriques et épistémologiques. Par la suite, les problèmes de scientificité de cette méthode sont illustrés à travers deux recherches menées dans des contextes socioculturels, disciplinaires et méthodologiques différents. Mots clés FOCUS GROUPS, FONDEMENTS SCIENTIFIQUES, PROBLEMES DE SCIENTIFICITE, INTERACTION, CONTEXTES
CrowdFL: Privacy-Preserving Mobile Crowdsensing System Via Federated Learning

As an emerging sensing data collection paradigm, mobile crowdsensing (MCS) enjoys good scalability and low deployment cost but raises privacy concerns. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving MCS system called CrowdFL by seamlessly integrating federated learning (FL) into MCS. At a high level, in order to protect participants’ privacy and fully explore participants’ computing power, participants in CrowdFL locally process sensing data via FL paradigm and only upload encrypted training models to the server. To this end, we design a secure aggregation algorithm (SecAgg) through the threshold Paillier cryptosystem to aggregate training models in an encrypted form. Also, to stimulate participation, we present a hybrid incentive mechanism combining the reverse Vickrey auction and posted pricing mechanism, which is proved to be truthful and fail. Results of theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation on a practical MCS scenario (human activity recognition) show that CrowdFL is effective in protecting participants’ privacy and is efficient in operations. In contrast to existing solutions, CrowdFL is 3× faster in model decryption and improves an order of magnitude in model aggregation.
Effects of Vitexin, a Natural Flavonoid Glycoside, on the Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis of Human U251 Glioblastoma Cells

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by high recurrence and poor prognosis. Vitexin has shown activities against esophageal, liver, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancers; however, there is little knowledge on the activity of vitexin against glioblastoma. This study was therefore designed with aims to examine the effects of vitexin on proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of human U251 glioblastoma cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms using mRNA sequencing and molecular docking. Vitexin was found to inhibit cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion and promote apoptosis in U251 cells. mRNA sequencing identified 499 differentially expressed genes in vitexin-treated U251 cells relative to controls, including 154 upregulated genes and 345 downregulated genes. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were most significantly enriched in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and the downregulated genes were most significantly enriched in positive regulation of cell development and positive regulation of locomotion relating to biological processes, endoplasmic reticulum lumen and side of membrane relating to cellular components, and receptor ligand activity and receptor regulator activity relating to molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were involved in the pathways of transcriptional misregulation in cancer and the downregulated genes were involved in FoxO and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Western blotting assay revealed that vitexin treatment resulted in reduced p-JAK1, p-JAK3, and p-STAT3 protein expression in U251 cells relative to untreated controls, and molecular docking predicted that vitexin had docking scores of –8.8, –10.8, and –10.5 kJ/mol with STAT3, JAK1, and JAK2, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrate that vitexin inhibits the proliferation and invasion and induces the apoptosis of glioblastoma U251 cells through suppressing the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, and vitexin may be a promising potential agent for the chemotherapy of glioblastoma.
Ecommerce Assisted by Machine Learning

Abstract: E-commerce applications are growing and becoming complex day by day. Every new feature is taking the time of the user and reducing the speed or the process of purchasing anything. Consumers demand comfortability, usability, authenticity on E-commerce websites, and hence to provide with these needs Machine learning should be introduced in the E-commerce website. In this paper, we will learn various methods to help boost E-commerce using Machine Learning. Product Recommendation will severely help reduce the time of users on purchasing a product as it recommends products based on history. Cloth size estimation can be used for taking measurements for helping users purchase clothes with accurate measurements. Dynamic Pricing can be used to generate discounts and prices based on user history for maintaining users. Fake Review Prediction can be used to filter the reviews for better business. A chatbot can be used to help users during any stage of purchase or after the purchase as support. All of this can contribute towards the personalized experience of consumers and will be discussed in this paper. Keywords: Ecommerce, Machine Learning, Dynamic pricing, Chatbot, Product Recommendation, Cloth Size Estimation, Fake Review Prediction, Ecommerce
Individual Operational Unit Sustainability Simulation Measure Model Research

Complicated equipment system on individual operational unit level was systemically analyzed.The relations among equipments, support system, and mission system were researched in individual operational unit.The individual operational unit sustainability simulation model was constructed based on its operational mechanism.The individual operational unit sustaining parameters could be calculated via to the model.Furthermore, the model could be used to evaluate and analyze individual operational unit sustainability.A case for sustainability analysis of alarm plane individual operational unit was proposed.It is proved that the proposed methodologies can provide theoretical base and approach support for equipment logistics support administrative department and equipment development institute to analyze individual operational unit sustainability.