Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Loss of gonadal steroids as a negative conditioner for neurological disease

The concept of hormesis in toxicology refers to a substance with a biphasic dose response in which a range of low doses is paradoxically beneficial to the organism, but higher doses are toxic. A similar concept exists in conditioning studies in which non-toxic exposure to a condition or factor affords protection from subsequent toxic exposure. For example, brief, mild ischemia can protect tissues from subsequent more severe or prolonged ischemia that would otherwise result in greater damage. Preconditioning is generally studied for positive benefits, whereas “negative conditioning” occurs when exposure to a factor or condition leads to detrimental effects greater than that caused by loss of the factor alone. Pleiotropic gonadal steroids display this negative conditioning effect in the vasculature, neurological disease, and cerebral ischemia. Indeed, gonadal steroids protect the central nervous system (CNS) during continuous physiological exposure, but this protection is loss with the decline in gonadal function such as occurs after menopause in women. Subsequent re-exposure to these hormones after a period of delay (i.e. 5-10 years in women) results not only in the loss of premenopausal benefit, but independent detrimental actions. The mechanisms underlying this negative conditioning are still not fully understood, but studies in animal models have begun to identify some of the key players leading to the detrimental effects of what would otherwise be considered beneficial hormones.
Nonconservative dynamics in long atomic wires

The effect of nonconservative current-induced forces on the ions in a defect-free metallic nanowire is investigated using both steady-state calculations and dynamical simulations. Nonconservative forces were found to have a major influence on the ion dynamics in these systems, but their role in increasing the kinetic energy of the ions decreases with increasing system length. The results illustrate the importance of nonconservative effects in short nanowires and the scaling of these effects with system size. The dependence on bias and ion mass can be understood with the help of a simple pen and paper model. This material highlights the benefit of simple preliminary steady-state calculations in anticipating aspects of brute-force dynamical simulations, and provides rule of thumb criteria for the design of stable quantum wires.
How Robust is Cason-Plott ’ s Theory of Game Form Misconception ? ∗

This paper explores the robustness of the theory of game form misconception (GFM) developed by Cason and Plott (2014) to explain bidding mistakes in the BeckerDeGroot-Marschak valuation revelation method. New evidence is broadly consistent with the existence of two types of bidders and with the presence of bidding noise. However, bidders’ responses to an increase in competition does not accord with GFM. Moreover, we find that misconception increases when subjects perform simultaneously the misconceived task and the task it is misconceived for.
Highly washable e-textile prepared by ultrasonic nanosoldering of carbon nanotubes onto polymer fibers

Electronic textiles (e-textile) have emerged as a new generation of wearable electronics. Although carbon nanotube (CNT) based e-textiles have drawn tremendous attention, a big concern is the washability of these e-textiles. Here, we describe a novel and facile method to fabricate e-textiles by ultrasonic soldering of CNTs on low cost and eco-friendly non-woven fabric (NWF). When a piece of NWF is subjected to ultrasonication in a CNT dispersion, the NWF can be locally softened so that CNTs can be soldered on the fiber surface and lead to conductive textiles. The ultrasonic nanosoldering of CNTs onto the polymer surface is attributed to the huge pressure and high temperature produced by the collapsing of bubbles during ultrasonication. The CNT e-textiles fabricated by this method have good washability. The CNTs remain on the fiber surface even after vigorous mechanical washing in water for 40 hours, and the conductance of the textile decreases slightly, and the change arises from the damage of NWF fibers rather than the rinsing away of the CNTs. The e-textiles can be used as wearable strain and pressure sensors. They can be used for healthcare applications such as monitoring the blood pulse and respiration rate of the human body.
Coupling of a free wake vortex ring near-wake model with the Jensen and Larsen far-wake deficit models

This paper presents a simple physical model to improve the currently used far-wake deficit models in the wind industry. The main improvement is deemed on the determination of the wake deficit in the near-wake. A Vortex Ring Model (VRM) is used to calculate the induced velocities in the near-wake, which are then coupled to the Jensen far-wake model and the Larsen far-wake model based on the concept of Eddy Viscosity (EV). The inviscid near-wake VRM is based on the shedding of discrete tip vortex rings released from a uniformly loaded actuator disc. The model is validated against wind tunnel measurements from experiments with a two- bladed turbine and a circular metal mesh with a uniform porosity to represent an actuator disc. The VRM shows a good agreement with the experimental data with respect to the wake deficit evolution. The VRM is coupled with two well-known engineering type far-wake models: the Jensen and Larsen wake deficit models. The results of the coupling of the VRM and the more elaborated Larsen far-wake model are compared against a 3D Large Eddy Simulation (LES) CFD model. This comparison shows the effect of different near-wake models on the development of centreline velocities in the far-wake. The centreline velocity deficit predicted by the VRM-Larsen model more closely matches LES calculations in comparison with the reference Larsen model.
Investigating Maternal Mortality at Regina Pacis Hospital Mutengene and the Government Health Centre Mutengene, South West Region, Cameroon

Background: One target under sustainable Development Goal 3 is to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 births, with no country having a maternal mortality rate of more than twice the global average. So there is a need to identify ways to reduce maternal mortality which is a top priority in development of the management of pregnant women and invention of equipment in procedures (caesarian section) to provide a maternal health and increase life survival. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and causes of maternal mortality at Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Center Mutengene. Method: This study was a retrospective study, where Data from 2007 to 2017 were collected from the hospital files using a checklist, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Conclusion: From the finding, maternal mortality is at a pace of increase in the Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Centre Mutengene and these health facilitiesmay fail to achieve the target of SDG3 by the end of 2030. Since, the overall prevalence of maternal mortality at both study sites was 240 per 100,000 live births at Regina Pacis Hospital and Government Health Center Mutengene from 2007 to 2017, increase education of women of reproductive age on pregnancy care and training of hospital staff in obstetric management and health records documentation.
Edinburgh Explorer An Exploration of Emotion Regulation in Psychosis

The emotional experience of individuals who experience psychosis has historically been neglected, possibly due to the divide between the psychoses and neuroses. This study examined emotional experience and regulation in individuals who had experienced psychosis, individuals experiencing anxiety or mood disorders and non patient controls. Participants completed validated measures of emotional experience and emotion regulation. Both clinical groups were found to experience similar levels of emotions and in comparison to the non patient controls, they experienced greater levels of negatively valenced emotions and lower levels of happiness. Both clinical groups also used similar emotion regulation strategies and in comparison to non patient controls they used significantly more dysfunctional and less functional strategies, suggesting that the emotional experience and emotion regulation strategies of people who have experienced psychosis are more similar to non-psychotic disorders than have previously been thought to be the case. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Current treatment options for Parkinson’s disease and the existing status of nanotechnology

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with dopaminergic neuron degeneration and/or loss of neuronal activity. Current idiopathic PD treatments focus primarily on the use of pharmacological agents to improve PD patients ' motor symptoms. PD remains to be an incurable disease so far. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic approaches for PD therapy is of utmost significance. Several molecular and gene therapy methods have been established over the past 20 years to counteract or retard the development of PD. Severe side effects are found in many native therapies. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies remain in demand for development. Nanomedicine seems to be a significant medical application in nanotechnology that demonstrates promising future in drug delivery to the central nervous system. BBB stands throughout the central nervous system as a gateway to drug targeting. Drug delivery, based on nano-particles that always avoids Blood-Brain Barrier protection, Different potential therapies based on nanoparticles and nanosystems are explored various benefits. The scope of this review is to provide an overview of this field of PD-related therapies and significant breakthroughs. To do so, this review will begin by concentrating on PD characterization, pathophysiology, etiology and present therapy choices that subsequently cover molecular, gene therapy, and nanotechnology formulations that are currently being studied in animal PD models or lately tested in clinical trials.
Dissolution enhancement of drugs. part i: technologies and effect of carriers

For complete absorption and good bioavailability of orally administered drug, the drug must be dissolved in gastric fluids. Dissolution of drug is the rate-controlling step which determines the rate and degree of absorption. Drugs with slow dissolution rates generally show erratic and incomplete absorption leading to low bioavailability when administered orally. Since aqueous solubility and slow dissolution rate of BCS class II and class IV drugs is a major challenge in the drug development and delivery processes, improving aqueous solubility and slow dissolution of BCS Class II and Class IV drugs have been investigated extensively. Various techniques have been used in attempt to improve solubility and dissolution rates of poorly water soluble drugs which include solid dispersion, micronization, lipid based formulations, melt granulation, direct compaction, solvent evaporation, coprecipitation, adsorption, ordered mixing, liquisolid compacts, solvent deposition inclusion complexation and steam aided granulation. In these techniques carrier plays an important role in improving solubility and dissolution rate. Polymers, superdisintegrants, surfactants are extensively studied in recent years for dissolution enhancement in drugs. This part of this review discusses technological overview and effect of polymers, superdisintegrants and surfactants on dissolution enhancement of drugs while Part II [Int J Health Res, Sept 2009; 2(3)] describes the role and applications of cyclodextrins, carbohydrates, hydrotropes, polyglocolized glycerides, dendrimers, acids and miscellaneous carriers in enhancing dissolution of drugs. Keywords: Dissolution enhancement; aqueous solubility, water soluble carriers; BCS class II, excipients.
Role of Electrical Forces in Angiogenesis

The role of electrical forces in angiogenesis is widely studied. The electric field (EF) induces polarization of the endothelial cells, and in this way, it is a morphogen in angiogenesis. Additional to the polarization, it may build up by newborn cells in the process of cellular fission. Due to the weak direct experimental results on the transitions of endothelial cells, we used an analogy to these epithelial transitions. This involved using the injury current, which induces oriented cell migration and morphological arrangement in wound healing. The injury-current considerations are applied for malignant proliferation as well.
Back-action ground-state cooling of a micromechanical membrane via intensity-dependent interaction

We propose a theoretical scheme to show the possibility of achieving the quantum ground state cooling of a vibrating micromechanical membrane inside a high finesse optical cavity by back-action cooling approach. The scheme is based on an intensity-dependent coupling of the membrane to the intracavity radiation pressure field. We find the exact expression for the position and momentum variances of the membrane by solving the linearized quantum Langevin equations in the steady-state, conditioned by the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. We show that by varying the Lamb-Dicke parameter and the membrane's reflectivity one can effectively control the mean number of excitations of vibration of the membrane and also cool down the system to micro-Kelvin temperatures.
Application of polymer membranes in downstream processes

Abstract The purpose of downstream processing in a fermentation technology is the isolation, purification and concentration of the final product. Membrane processes are generally used in these steps. In this paper, the application possibilities of polymer membranes in pressure-driven membrane techniques (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration), pervaporation, dialysis and electrodialysis are presented.
Publications 2005-0701 Comparing High-Order Boolean Features

Many learning algorithms attempt, either explicitly or implicitly, to discover useful high-order features. When considering all possible functions that could be encountered, no particular type of high-order feature should be more useful than any other. However, this paper presents arguments and empirical results that suggest that for the learning problems typically encountered in practice, some high-order features may be more useful than others.
Supply chain involvement in business continuity management: effects on reputational and operational damage containment from supply chain disruptions

PurposeDoes internal integration extend to business continuity and to managing supply chain disruptions (SCDs)? Despite the voluminous literature on supply chain integration, evidence on its effectiveness on risk management and disruption response is scant. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of business continuity management (BCM) and of supply chain involvement in BCM (SCiBCM) on reputational and operational damage containment in the face of SCDs.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on Simons’ Levers of Control framework to explain how the involvement of supply chain in BCM affects firm capabilities in containing damages caused by major SCDs. The authors develop and test hypotheses by analyzing large-scale questionnaire responses from 448 European companies.FindingsResults of the data analysis suggest that BCM improves reputational damage containment, whereas SCiBCM improves operational damage containment. The findings also show that the significant effects of BCM and SCiBCM on reputational and operational damage containment, respectively, were amplified for the firms facing higher supply chain vulnerability.Post-hocanalysis further reveals the complementarity effect between BCM and SCiBCM for the companies exposed to high supply chain vulnerability.Originality/valueEvidence on the effects of BCM and its internal integration on performance is limited. This study offers empirical evidence on the topic. Also, while supply chain integration can improve information sharing and coordination, some may not fully recognize its potential benefits in addressing SCDs. This study theoretically and empirically demonstrates the role played by internal integration, in the form of SCiBCM, in improving organizational damage containment efforts.
Matrix geometric approach for random walks

In this paper, we analyse a sub-class of two-dimensional homogeneous nearest neighbour (simple) random walk restricted on the lattice using the matrix geometric approach. In particular, we ﬁrst present an alternative approach for the calculation of the stability condition, extending the result of Neuts drift conditions [30] and connecting it with the result of Fayolle et al. which is based on Lyapunov functions [13]. Furthermore, we consider the sub-class of random walks with equilibrium distributions given as series of product-forms and, for this class of random walks, we calculate the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors of the inﬁnite matrix R appearing in the matrix geometric approach. This result is obtained by connecting and extending three existing approaches available for such an analysis: the matrix geometric approach, the compensation approach and the boundary value problem method. In this paper, we also present the spectral properties of the inﬁnite matrix R . discuss the challenges that arise with such an extension. Furthermore, we propose an approach for the calculation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrix R , that complements the existing approaches for this type of random walks. Moreover, this approach can be numerically used for the approximation of the matrix R by considering spectral truncation instead of the usual state space truncation.
Efficient Models for Relational Learning

The primary difference between propositional (attribute-value) and relational data is the existence of relations, or links, between entities. Graphs, relational databases, sets of tensors, and first-order knowledge bases are all examples of relational encodings. Because of the relations between entities, standard statistical assumptions, such as independence of entities, is violated. Moreover, these correlations should not be ignored as they provide a source of information that can significantly improve the accuracy of common machine learning tasks (e.g., prediction, clustering) over propositional alternatives. A current limitation in relational models is that learning and inference are often substantially more expensive than propositional alternatives. One of our objectives is the development of models that account for uncertainty in relational data while scaling to very large data sets, which often cannot fit in main memory. To that end, we propose representing relational data as a set of tensors, one per relation, whose dimensions index different entity types in the data set. Each tensor has a low-dimensional approximation, where they share a low-dimensional factor for each shared entity-type. For the case of matrices, we refer to this model as collective matrix factorization. While existing techniques for relational learning assume a batch of data, we propose exploring extensions to active and mixed initiative learning, where the learning algorithm can query its environment (typically a human user) about relationships between entities, the creation of new predicates, and relationships between predicates themselves. It is our belief that the expressiveness of relational representations will allow for more efficient interaction between the learner and its environment, as well as leading to better predictive models for relational data. Efficiency refers not only to computational efficiency, but also to the efficiency of data collection in active learning scenarios. To support the claim that our models are efficient, we propose exploring three problems: predicting user’s ratings of movies with side information, topic models for text using fMRI images of neural activation on words, and mixed initiative tagging of e-mail and other information used by personal information managers—e.g., tasks from todo lists, recently edited files, and calendar entries.
Password Strength and Keystroke Dynamics of Mobile Devices

Introduction Security is something that is important to everyone. A lot of people struggle to determine what is a good password to have for their devices. With the data that provided to us, we looked at three variations of increasing difficulty passwords (easy: kicsikutyatarka, logical strong: Kktsf2! 2014, strong: .tie5Roan). The data gave us multiple keystroke information, the ones that we look at were Down Time the time of a key press, Uptime, the time of a key release and Pressure the measurement of the finger pressure on the screen. With all of this information that was given, we wanted to see if adding capital letters, numbers and punctuation to the password would make the user hesitate, or add more pressure while typing the password.
The impact of Outer Western Carpathian nappe tectonics on the recent stress-strain state in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Moravosilesian Zone, Bohemian Massif)

The impact of Outer Western Carpathian nappe tectonics on the recent stress-strain state in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Moravosilesian Zone, Bohemian Massif) The Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) represents a typical foreland basin developed during the Variscan orogenic phase of the Late Carboniferous. Later, during the Alpine orogeny the Outer Western Carpathian nappes were thrust over the post-Variscan foreland, to which the USCB belongs. Due to this complex tectonic history, redistribution of stress fields occurred in the post-Variscan basement. Furthermore, post-Variscan denudation processes probably also contributed to recent stress regimes. Nevertheless, the impact of the West Carpathian orogeny can be regarded as the most significant influence. The in-situ measurement of recent stress fields in deposits of the Karviná Formation of the USCB and structural analysis of the Czech part of the USCB, has focused on verification of the structure and stress interference of the Carpathian nappes and post-Variscan foreland basement. In the southernmost part of the Karviná Subbasin, the easternmost domain of the USCB, situated in the apical zone of the Variscan accretionary wedge, hydrofracturing and overcoring stress measurements have been recorded in coal seams from selected coal mines. The data have been supplemented by interpretation of focal mechanism solutions of mine induced seismic events. Measurements of recent in-situ stress regimes in the Karviná Formation of the USCB indicate a dominant generally NW-SE orientation of the maximum horizontal compression stress. The results demonstrate that the stress-strain regime in the Karviná Formation in the Variscan Upper Carboniferous basement is significantly influenced by the stress field along the Outer Western Carpathian nappes front. Besides improving our understanding of recent regional stress fields within an area of mutual structural-tectonic interference by both the Variscan and Alpine orogenies, the measured data may contribute to more optimal and safer mining activities in the coal basin.