Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Plant Heights in Agricultural Fields Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Structure From Motion

Remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and structure from motion (SfM) is useful for the sustainable and cost-effective management of agricultural fields. Ground control points (GCPs) are typically used for the high-precision monitoring of plant height (PH). Additionally, a secondary UAV flight is necessary when off-season images are processed to obtain the ground altitude (GA). In this study, four variables, namely, camera angles, real-time kinematic (RTK), GCPs, and methods for GA, were compared with the predictive performance of maize PH. Linear regression models for PH prediction were validated using training data from different targets on different flights (“different-targets-and-different-flight” cross-validation). PH prediction using UAV-SfM at a camera angle of –60° with RTK, GCPs, and GA obtained from an off-season flight scored a high coefficient of determination and a low mean absolute error (MAE) for validation data (R2val = 0.766, MAE = 0.039 m in the vegetative stage; R2val = 0.803, MAE = 0.063 m in the reproductive stage). The low-cost case (LC) method, conducted at a camera angle of –60° without RTK, GCPs, or an extra off-season flight, achieved comparable predictive performance (R2val = 0.794, MAE = 0.036 m in the vegetative stage; R2val = 0.749, MAE = 0.072 m in the reproductive stage), suggesting that this method can achieve low-cost and high-precision PH monitoring.
A control allocation strategy of multi-axle unmanned distributed drive vehicle

Multi-axle unmanned distributed drive vehicle involves the coordinated control of multiple actuators for stable and safe motion. Aiming at the controlling problem under complicated conditions, this paper proposes an optimal hierarchical torque distribution strategy. A control-oriented dynamic model for an 8× 8 vehicle with rear-wheel-steering is established firstly, then a hierarchical controller combined with linear quadratic regulator and quadratic programming algorithm is presented. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can realize desired motion tracking control and improve the vehicle's handling stability.
Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis of GhArfGAP in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Boll Abscission Layer With Ethylene Treatment

With the continuous growth of the human population, the demand for fiber is also rising sharply. As one of the main fiber plants available globally, cotton fiber yield (Gossypium hirsutum) is affected by boll abscission, which is related to the formation of the abscission layer. Therefore, we explored the formation of the abscission layer in cotton. The formation of the abscission layer in the cotton boll stalk was promoted by exogenous ethylene. It was found that both the number of the Golgi apparatus and the number of stacking layers increased in the dissociated cells. The GhArfGAP gene family in cotton was screened by the bioinformatics method, and the species and evolutionary relationship of the GhArfGAP gene family were analyzed. qRT-PCR showed that GhArfGAP13, GhArfGAP15, GhArfGAP25, and GhArfGAP34 in cotton had spatiotemporal-specific expression patterns. Subcellular localization suggested that GhArfGAP25 played a role in the Golgi apparatus. The expression of GhArfGAP25 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana is increased in the roots, stems, and leaves. Finally, we found that ethylene could induce the formation of the abscission layer in cotton. GhArfGAP13, GhArfGAP15, GhArfGAP25, and GhArfGAP34 might regulate the changes in the Golgi apparatus in the abscission layer. Taken together, the findings provide new ideas for the study of the formation of cotton abscission.
Erratum: The visual double stars observed by the Hipparcos satellite

This paper is the introduction to the complete and correct list of all systems or individual components known in July 1997 which were observed by the Hipparcos satellite. The list concerns 18644 double or multiple systems and may be found at the CDS under reference I-260 1 . Its format is the same as that used in the CCDM catalogue (Dommanget & Nys 1994a,b).
Neuromuscular Complications of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viral Infections

In this article we review complications to the peripheral nervous system that occur as a consequence of viral infections, with a special focus on complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). We discuss neuromuscular complications in three broad categories; the direct consequences of viral infection, autoimmune neuromuscular disorders provoked by viral infections, and chronic neurodegenerative conditions which have been associated with viral infections. We also include discussion of neuromuscular disorders that are treated by immunomodulatory therapies, and how this affects patient susceptibility in the current context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 is associated with direct consequences to the peripheral nervous system via presumed direct viral injury (dysgeusia/anosmia, myalgias/rhabdomyolysis, and potentially mononeuritis multiplex) and autoimmunity (Guillain Barré syndrome and variants). It has important implications for people receiving immunomodulatory therapies who may be at greater risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19. Thus far, chronic post-COVID syndromes (a.k.a: long COVID) also include possible involvement of the neuromuscular system. Whether we may observe neuromuscular degenerative conditions in the longer term will be an important question to monitor in future studies.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Mexican blind brotula Typhlias pearsei (Ophidiiformes: Dinematichthydae): an endemic and troglomorphic cavefish from the Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer

Abstract In this study we report the first complete and annotated mitochondrial genome of the Mexican blind brotula, Typhlias pearsei, a troglobitic cavefish endemic to the Yucatán peninsula karst aquifer in southeastern Mexico. Genomic sequencing was accomplished via next generation sequencing (NGS). The resulting mitogenome is 16,813 bp long and, as in most vertebrates, consists of a total of 37 genes (13 PCGs, 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs) and two non-coding regions (control region and origin of the light strand replication). Other than a rearrangement in the position of two tRNAs (shuffling between tRNA-Ile and tRNA-Gln), the mitogenome of T. pearsei exhibits a genomic composition and organization similar to that of most teleost mitogenomes. Besides offering this valuable genomic resource for future studies, the resulting mitogenome was used in a comparative context to test the current higher-level taxonomy of ophidiiform fishes and to examine the phylogenetic position of T. pearsei among viviparous brotulas. Our phylogenetic results confirm those from the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study of the group.
EVALUATION OF UAV AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT ACCURACY WHEN CLASSICAL NAVIGATION ALGORITHM IS USED

This article examines and shows mathematical results of classical algorithm, which is used for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation. The research is done with mathematical UAV model, which eliminates aerodynamics while the chosen flight path is followed by using vector field method. Lots of attention is dedicated to show possible flight path error values with representation of modelled flight path trajectories and deviations from the flight mission path. All of the modelled flight missions are done in two-dimensional space and all of the collected data with flight path error values are evaluated statistically. The most possible theoretical flight path error values are found and the general flight path error tendencies are predicted.
A Smart Place to Work? Big Data Systems, Labour, Control and Modern Retail Stores

The modern retail store is a complex coded assemblage and data-intensive environment, its operations and management mediated by a number of interlinked big data systems. This paper draws on an ethnography of a superstore in Ireland to examine how these systems modulate the functioning of the store and working practices of employees. It was found that retail work involves a continual movement between a governance regime of control reliant on big data systems which seek to regulate and harnesses formal labour and automation into enterprise planning, and a disciplinary regime that deals with the symbolic, interactive labour that workers perform and acts as a reserve mode of governmentality if control fails. This continual movement is caused by new systems of control being open to vertical and horizontal fissures. While retail functions as a coded assemblage of control, systems are too brittle to sustain the code/space and governmentality desired.
Personal Impacts of the Undergraduate Teaching Assistant Experience

The use of undergraduate teaching assistants (UTAs) has increased in recent years at a number of institutions, especially in active-learning and high-enrollment introductory courses. Currently, there is research demonstrating their benefit to the departments they work in, the students, and the short-term impacts of the experience on the UTAs. However, no study to date has investigated the long-term impacts of the UTA experience on the participants themselves, and a number of studies call for such an investigation. This research sought to fill that gap in understanding by utilizing a Grounded Theory approach to investigate the perceptions of participants who had served as an UTA in the biology department at a large research institution in the upper Midwest. This research found strong consensus among participants that the UTA experience offers overwhelmingly positive personal benefits including improved self-confidence, a sense of personal reward, and a sense of community that resulted from working with faculty members, and the ability to balance and self-regulate a variety of time commitments.
Agile Software Development

ublic reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and ompleting and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any ther provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. The purpose of this report is to address this interest and provide a comprehensive overview of the current State-of-the-Art as well as State-of-the-Practice for Agile Methods. The first section discusses the history behind the trend, as well as the Agile Manifesto, a statement from he leaders of the Agile movement. The second section represents the State-of-the-Art and examines what it means to be Agile, discusses he role of management, describes and compares some of the more popular methods, provides a guide for deciding where an Agile pproach is applicable, and lists common criticisms of Agile techniques. The third section represents State-of-the-Practice and summarizes mpirical studies, anecdotal reports, and lessons learned. The report concludes with an Appendix that includes a detailed analysis of various Agile Methods for the interested reader.
Analyses on Flavonoids and Transcriptome Reveals Key MYB Gene for Proanthocyanidins Regulation in Onobrychis Viciifolia

Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin) is one of the most high-quality legume forages, which is rich in proanthocyanidins that is beneficial for the health and production of animals. In this study, proanthocyanidins and total flavonoids in leaves of 46 different sainfoin germplasm resources were evaluated, and it showed that soluble proanthocyanidin contents varied greatly in these sainfoin germplasm resources, but total flavonoids did not show significant difference. Transcriptome sequencing with high and low proanthocyanidins sainfoin resulted in the identification of totally 52,926 unigenes in sainfoin, and they were classed into different GOC categories. Among them, 1,608 unigenes were differentially expressed in high and low proanthocyanidins sainfoin samples, including 1,160 genes that were upregulated and 448 genes that were downregulated. Analysis on gene enrichment via KEGG annotation revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway and the secondary metabolism pathway. We also analyzed the expression levels of structural genes of the proanthocyanidin/flavonoid pathway in roots, stems, and leaves in the high proanthocyanidin sainfoin via RT-qPCR and found that these genes were differentially expressed in these tissues. Among them, the expression levels of F3'5'H and ANR were higher in leaves than in roots or stems, which is consistent with proanthocyanidins content in these tissues. Among MYB genes that were differentially expressed, the expression of OvMYBPA2 was relatively high in high proanthocyanidin sainfoin. Over-expression level of OvMYBPA2 in alfalfa hairy roots resulted in decreased anthocyanin content but increased proanthocyanidin content. Our study provided transcriptome information for further functional characterization of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis-related genes in sainfoin and candidate key MYB genes for bioengineering of proanthocyanidins in plants.
How to write an original article in medicine and medical science

In this if do their efforts anyone. To make a difference, researchers must disseminate their results and communicate their opinions. One way to do this is by publishing their research. Therefore, academic writing is an essential skill for researchers. However, preparing a manuscript is not an easy task, and it is difficult to write well. Following a structure may be helpful for researchers. For example, the standard structure of medical and medical science articles includes the following sections: introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD). The purpose of this review is to present an introduction for researchers, especially novices, on how to write an original article in the field of medicine and medical science. Therefore, we discuss how to prepare and write a research manuscript for publication, using the IMRAD structure. We also included specific tips for writing manuscripts in medicine and medical science.
Complement Receptor 3 Pathway and NMDA Receptor 2B Subunit Involve Neuropathic Pain Associated with Spinal Cord Injury

Background Neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury (SCI-evoked NP) is clinically challenging; the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, leading to a lack of promising treatment options. NP occurs in only a subset of patients with SCI. The injured spinal cord exhibits a series of histopathological changes, and the complement system has been shown to play an important role in these processes. In addition, NMDA receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) is involved in the development and maintenance of NP. This preliminary study was performed to investigate the correlations of the complement receptor 3/complement component 3 (CR3/C3) pathway and NR2B with SCI-evoked NP. Methods A trauma-induced SCI animal model was established and SCI-evoked NP was evaluated by behavioural analysis. Transcriptome analysis was performed to identify genes in the CR3/C3 pathway related to synaptic modification, while the expression and distribution of NR2B in the injured spinal cord, and the relation to NP, were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Results Nine of seventeen SCI rats (52.9%) developed NP. C3 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in SCI-evoked NP rats and significantly increased in the non-NP SCI rats. C1q mRNA and CR3 mRNA expression were significantly increased in all SCI rats, but higher levels of expression were observed in the non-NP SCI rats. NR2B mRNA expression was significantly increased in the SCI-evoked NP rats and significantly decreased in the non-NP SCI rats. In addition, significantly elevated expression of NR2B-positive cells was seen in lamina II of the superficial dorsal horn in SCI-evoked NP rats in comparison with non-NP SCI rats. Conclusion NP occurred in only a subset of SCI rats, and the CR3/C3 pathway and NR2B were involved in SCI-evoked NP. Further studies are required to determine the mechanisms underlying the SCI-evoked NP associated with the CR3/C3 pathway and NR2B.
An Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Based on Adversarial Generating Module and Semi-supervised Convolutional Neural Network

Aiming at the existing problems in machinery monitoring data such as high cost of labeling and lack of typical failure samples, this paper launches a research on the semi-supervised-style intelligent fault diagnosis. Taking a great mount of unlabeled data and only a small quantity of labeled data as inputs, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on adversarial generating module and semi-supervised convolutional neural network (SSCNN) is proposed. Firstly, a semi-supervised learning module based on manifold-regularization-based fuzzy clustering discrimination (MRFCD) is proposed to make full use of the valuable fault-related information contained in unlabeled data. Secondly, MRFCD was introduced into CNN to construct pseudo-labels and estimate the objective function of unlabeled data. Then, the semi-supervised deep-learning-module-based MRFCD-SSCNN is established. Thirdly, to enhance the effect of MRFCD-SSCNN, generative adversarial network (GAN) was utilized to increase the size of training data under failure conditions. The framework based on GAN-MRFCD-SSCNN is proposed to achieve semi-supervised style intelligent fault diagnosis. To verify the performance of the diagnostic framework, vibrational signals of main reducer collected from actual test rig are employed. The comparative results confirm that the proposed framework outperforms some classical semi-supervised diagnostic models and achieves the accuracy of 96.2% using only 400 labeled samples.
Superoxide dismutase gene expression in skeletal muscle: ﬁber-speciﬁc adaptation to endurance training

H. L. L. Ji. Superoxide dismutase gene expression in skeletal muscle: ﬁber-speciﬁc adaptation to endurance training. Am. J. Physiol. 277 ( Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R856–R862, 1999. —The effects of endurance training on the enzyme activity, protein content, and mRNAabundance of Mn and CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in various phenotypes of rat skeletal muscle. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into trained (T, n 5 8) and untrained (U, n 5 8) groups. Training, consisting of treadmill running at 27 m/min and 12% grade for 2 h/day, 5 days/wk for 10 wk, signiﬁcantly increased citrate synthase activity ( P , 0.01) in the type I (soleus), type IIa (deep vastus lateralis, DVL), and mixed type II (plantaris) muscles but not in type IIb (superﬁcial vastus lateralis, SVL) muscle. Mitochondrial (Mn) SOD activity was elevated by 80% ( P , 0.05) with training in DVL. SVL and plantaris muscle in T rats showed 54 and 42% higher pooled immunoreactive Mn SOD protein content, respectively, than those in U rats. However, no change in Mn SOD mRNA level was found in any of the muscles. CuZn SOD activity, protein content, and mRNA level in general were not affected by training, except for a 160% increase in pooled CuZn SOD protein in SVL. Training also signiﬁcantly increased glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities ( P , 0.05), but only in DVL muscle. These data indicate that training adaptations of Mn SOD and other antioxidant enzymes occur primarily in type IIa ﬁbers, probably as a result of enhanced free radical generation and modest antioxidant capacity. Differential training responses of mRNA, enzyme protein, and activity suggest that separate cellular signals may control pre- and posttranslational regulation of SOD. solution containing 10% dex-tran sulfate and allowed to hybridize overnight. Stringency washes consisted of two 20-min washes with 1 3 saline sodium citrate (SSC), 0.5% SDS, and two 20-min washes with 0.5 3 SSC, 0.5% SDS. All washes were performed at 42°C. Filters were wrapped in plastic and exposed to ﬁlm at 2 80°C. Quantiﬁcation of autoradiographic signals was performed as described earlier for Western analysis. Relative intensities of antioxidant probe signals were normalized to the b -actin signals of the same samples. Statistics . A student’s t -test (Systat, version 5.03; Evans-ton, IL) was used to determine signiﬁcant differences between the mean values of the U and T animals. P , 0.05 was considered signiﬁcant.
The shaking nest of trust: A case study of funding reform in a higher education organization

ABSTRACT The purpose of the current paper is to examine the development in the nature of followers’ trust in the leader during funding reform oriented organisational changes in a higher education organisation (HEO). Funding systems of HEOs are subjects of public reform. This development has pushed the organisations towards more business-oriented management and organisational culture and has created a demand for the communication of the leadership to maintain followers’ trust towards the leader and the organisation. The focus of this study is on the receiving end of this leader communication. Prior studies show that trust has a significant meaning in organisational contexts in strengthening members’ willingness to work towards mutual goals, interact with other members, and reduce self-protecting behaviour. The data of this qualitative case study comprises primary data consisting of followers’ texts and complementary data of a job satisfaction survey. The data was analysed using typology, which provided the basis for creating a metaphor for the findings. The findings suggest that during times of change in an organisational environment, the nature of followers’ trust in the leader seems to develop from an interpersonal level to an institutional level.
The effect of the ‘evoking freedom’ technique on sales in a computer-mediated field setting

The ‘evoking freedom’ technique is a verbal compliance procedure which solicits someone to comply with a request by simply telling a person that he/she is free to accept or to refuse the request. However, the effect of this technique has never been tested in a selling context. Previous customers (N = 900) of an extreme sports store were solicited by email to participate in a campaign where they were offered a gift voucher if they persuaded someone to become a new customer of the store. According to the case, the email contained a sentence that stated that they were free to participate or not in the operation. It was found that the ‘evoking freedom’ condition was associated with a higher number of new customers (+8.4%) than the control condition (+4.7%).