Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tendência secular da doença respiratória na infância na cidade de São Paulo (1984- 1996)* Secular trends in child respiratory diseases in S. Paulo City, Brazil (1984-1996)

Abstract ObjectiveData from two consecutive household surveys undertaken in mid-80s and mid-90sallow to characterize and analyse secular trends in infant and child respiratorydiseases in the city of S. Paulo, Brazil.MethodsThe two surveys included random population samples aged from zero to 59 months(1,016 in the period of 1984-85 and 1,280 in 1995-96). In both surveys the instantprevalence of high respiratory diseases (above the epiglottis) and low respiratorydiseases with or without wheezing were calculated. All sampled children wereexamined in their household at a random day by trained pediatricians usingstandardized procedures. The examinations included medical history, past respiratorydiseases and a complete physical examination. In both surveys the examinationswere distributed throughout a period of almost 12 months to assure a uniformcoverage of the various areas of the city along the four seasons of the year. For eachsurvey, the study of the social distribution of the diseases took into account tertilesof the per capita family income. For the study of the determinants of secular trends,hierarchical causal models, multivariate regression analyses and calculationsanalogous to the ones used to assess population attributable risks were applied.Results/ConclusionsIn the time span from the first to the second survey, there was a substantial increasein the prevalence of both low (from 22.2% to 38.8%) and high respiratory diseases(from 6.0% to 10.0% and from 0.8% to 2.8%, without and with wheezing,respectively). In the case of high respiratory disease and low respiratory diseasewithout wheezing, an increase in prevalence was observed among all social strata,which did not interfere with the slightly less favourable situation of the lower incomegroups. In the case of low respiratory disease with wheezing, the increase was onlyobserved among middle and low-income groups, being particularly high among thelower income group, yielding a significant inverse gradient between income andrespiratory disease. Positive changes in distal (family income and maternal schooling)and in intermediate determinants related to housing characteristics would haveresulted in a decline, not an increase, in the prevalence of respiratory diseases in thecity. The duplication in the attendance rate to day care nurseries seen in the periodcould have counterbalanced the positive effect due to socioeconomic and housingvariables but would not be enough to explain an increase in the disease.
A survey on Helicobacter pylori seropositivity status in Iranian children with atopic dermatitis

Objective To evaluate the presence of anti- Helicobacter pylori antibody in the sera of children with and without atopic dermatitis (AD) in Kerman province, Iran. Patients and methods In the current study the cases consisted of 128 patients with AD, aged from 6 month to 16 years. One hundred and twenty eight healthy children matched for sex and age were chosen as control subjects. The enrolled patients were selected consequentially from the cases referred to the dermatology and pediatric clinics of Afzalipour hospital, an academic medical referral center in the capital of Kerman province. The diagnosis of AD was made based on the UK working party’s diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis. The control subjects were chosen randomly among children who were referred to the center for periodic vaccination program and before receiving the vaccines. The subjects in control group who had a personal or family history of allergies (including asthma, atopic dermatitis or allergic rhinitis) were excluded as well. A sample consisting of 3 milliliters of blood was obtained from each subject in the study (including the cases and the controls) for H. pylori serology. In children under 1 year of age, the amount of collected blood samples we reduced to the minimum in the acceptable range. The status of infection with Helicobacter pylori was determined in all subjects quantitatively by measurement of specific IgG antibody via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (Trinity Biotech Monbind Captia TM , USA). Results The mean age of the cases with AD and the controls were 5.74± 4.05 and 6.05±3.36 years, respectively. Of all the children in both cases and controls 45.5 % and 55.8 % were females, respectively and the remaining were males. Anti- H. pylori IgG antibody was positive in the cases with AD and the control group 25.2 % and 24%, respectively that was not statistically significant. Conclusion The results of this study showed no association between H. pylori infection and AD.
Saúde da família como estratégia para mudança do modelo de atenção: representações sociais dos usuários

Basic care is to provide the universality and completeness health and has the Family Health Strategy (FHS) as a priority for the reorientation of the health care model. This study aims to analyze the social representations of health users about the FHS. This is a quantitative and qualitative research that was made in Sao Carlos city in 2007. The data collection was made through semi-structured interviews in three health unit with 30 health users. The software ALCESTE 4.5 was used to analyze the data. Four classes were built: Model focused on the disease; Search by specialists; Humanization of the care and Need for medical consultation. The analysis of the classes shows that the demand from health users is focused on treatment of diseases and medical consultation and health users define the care provided by the unit as good. The social representation of this group about FHS is identified as a unit of health care that provides a more welcoming treatment and with development of ties. The health users understand the ESF as a more humanized care, but still maintain the focus on the medical and health insurance. It is important to create spaces for conversation about the Family Health Strategy with the population as well as the development of the action of health promotion by the multidisciplinary team.
CONCEPT OF LIFESTYLE IN AYURVEDA CLASSICS

Increased number of deaths due to non-communicable diseases has been proved to be because of lifestyle related factors like physical inactivity etc. It is a responsibility to focus on lifestyle modifications in the 21 st century. Ayurveda has great contribution in treatment of diseases as well as prevention of diseases. Conducts like Dinacharya (conducts in daytime), Ratricharya (conducts in night), Ritucharya (seasonal conducts), Ahara Vidhi (diet rules), Sadvritta (good conducts) etc. are described in detail in Ayurveda, can be included under the heading healthy lifestyle. It has a tremendous role in prevention of diseases. Present article aims to elaborate the concept of Lifestyle in Ayurveda classics.
The Effects of Dance Therapy on Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that worsens over time. The disease affects approximately 60,000 Americans each year and is growing rapidly amongst the elderly population. There are many pharmacological therapies available to alleviate the symptoms of PD, although none yet that actually reverse the effects of the disease. Furthermore, medication can become burdensome on an individual’s life and is associated with a number of unpleasant side effects and never ending expenses. Therefore, it would make a tremendous difference in the lives of people living with PD to find an additional non-pharmacological approach that can eventually become an alternative therapy to manage their symptoms. Initial research suggests that dance therapy may alleviate PD symptoms. This study will expand on this research by focusing specifically on how jazz dance affects a large sample size of individuals with PD over a long duration of time. Pages: 44-53
Ceramides Dissociate Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in the Human Liver in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Abstract Recent data in mice have identified de novo ceramide synthesis as the key mediator of hepatic insulin resistance (IR) that in humans characterizes increases in liver fat due to IR ('Metabolic NAFLD' but not that due to the I148M gene variant in PNPLA3 ('PNPLA3 NAFLD'). We determined which bioactive lipids co-segregate with IR in the human liver. Liver lipidome was profiled in liver biopsies from 125 subjects that were divided into equally sized groups based on median HOMA-IR ('High and Low HOMA-IR', n=62 and n=63) or PNPLA3 genotype (PNPLA3(148MM/MI), n=61 vs. PNPLA3(148II), n=64). The subjects were also divided into 4 groups who had either IR, the I148M gene variant, both of the risk factors or neither. Steatosis and NASH prevalence were similarly increased in 'High HOMA-IR' and PNPLA3(148MM/MI) groups compared to their respective control groups. The 'High HOMA-IR' but not the PNPLA3(148MM/MI) group had features of IR. The liver in 'High HOMA-IR' vs. 'Low HOMA-IR' was markedly enriched in saturated and monounsaturated triacylglycerols and free fatty acids, dihydroceramides (markers of de novo ceramide synthesis) and ceramides. Markers of other ceramide synthetic pathways were unchanged. In PNPLA3(148MM/MI) vs. PNPLA3(148II), the increase in liver fat was due to polyunsaturated triacylglycerols while other lipids were unchanged. Similar changes were observed when data were analyzed using the 4 subgroups. Similar increases in liver fat and NASH are associated with a metabolically harmful saturated, ceramide-enriched liver lipidome in 'Metabolic NAFLD' but not in 'PNPLA3 NAFLD'. This difference may explain why metabolic but not PNPLA3 NAFLD increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and CVD.
A 'nova' saúde pública e a promoção da saúde via educação: entre a tradição e a inovação

In spite of the goals of ‘new’ public health and its emphasis on health promotion as an investment in the autonomy of the ‘public’ to make decisions on health, by means of interventions in its structural conditioning factors, health education in general remains focused on individual responsibility and disease prevention. The article discusses these issues, presenting the main proposals of health promotion that emerged in the 70’s as the main strategy of the so-called ‘new public health’. Based on a literature review, categorized according to the themes of interest for the proposed discussion, the article also analyzes the use of these proposals in the field of health education. The literature search for a theoretical background to support this analysis is justified by the relevance of the discussed issues for nursing practice and the limited production of theoretical approaches about health promotion and health education by nurses. DESCRIPTORS: health promotion; public health; education
Quand faut-il reprendre l'alimentation orale après hémorragie ulcéreuse gastro-duodénale? Etude contrôlée randomisée.

Objectifs - Apres hemorragie ulcereuse gastro-duodenale, il est souvent preconise de retarder de quelques jours la reprise de l'alimentation orale. L'efficacite de cette mesure sur la prevention de recidive hemorragique n'a jamais ete demontree. Le but de cette etude prospective controlee a ete de determiner quelle etait l'influence de la date de la reprise de l'alimentation orale a) sur le risque de recidive hemorragique et b) sur le pronostic des malades ayant une hemorragie ulcereuse gastroduodenale. Malades-methodes. -De janvier a decembre 1995, 26 malades (17 hommes, 9 femmes, d'âge moyen 71 ans) hospitalises pour hemorragie ulcereuse grave traitee par injection hemostatique d'adrenaline (J0) ont ete randomises en 2 groupes. Les malades du groupe A (n = 12) ont recu a J1 une alimentation lactee froide, a J2 une alimentation mixee tiede et a partir de J3 une alimentation normale. Les malades du groupe B (n = 14) ont ete maintenus a jeun de J1 a J3 puis ont ete realimentes selon le meme protocole que ceux du groupe A. Resultats. - A J0, les parametres cliniques, biologiques et pathologiques des malades des groupes A et B etaient comparables (M ± DS): hemoglobine (8,8 ± 2,7 vs 8,1±2,0g/dL), concentres globulaires transfuses durant les 24 premieres heures (2,2 ± 2,0 vs 2,1 ± 1,4), localisation des ulceres (ulceres duodenaux 8 vs 9 cas, ulceres gastriques 4 vs 5 cas). Aucune difference significative n'a ete observee entre les groupes A et B en ce qui concerne la recidive hemorragique (0 vs 1 cas) et le nombre total de concentres globulaires transfuses (2,6±2,1 vs 3,3±2,1). La duree d'hospitalisation a ete significativement plus courte dans le groupe A que dans le groupe B (6,8 ± 2,1 vs 9,9 ± 3,7 jours, P = 0,01). Conclusion. - Ces resultats suggerent que la reprise precoce de l'alimentation orale apres hemorragie ulcereuse severe traitee par sclerose endoscopique n'aggrave pas le risque de recidive hemorragique et permet de raccourcir la duree d'hospitalisation.
Guideline on allergen-specic immunotherapy in IgE-mediated allergic diseases

allergen- specic immunotherapy; AIT; Hypo- sensitiza tion; guide line; aller- gen; allergen extract; allergic disease; allergic rhinitis; allergic asthma AIT-Guideline S2k Guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the Society for Pediatric Allergy and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the Medical Association of German Allergologists (AeDA), the Austrian Society for Allergy and Immunology (OGAI), the Swiss Society for Allergy and Immunology (SGAI), the German Society of Dermatology (DDG), the German Society of Oto- Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (DGHNO-KHC), the German Society of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (DGKJ), the Society for Pediatric Pneumology (GPP), the German Respiratory Society (DGP), the German Association of ENT Surgeons (BV-HNO), the Professional Federation of Paediatricians and Youth Doctors (BVKJ), the Federal Association of Pulmonologists (BDP) and the German
LUNG CANCER IN EUROPE

EGFR is a protein that helps cells to grow. Mutated forms of the EGFR gene and protein have been found in some types of cancer, including NSCLC. These changes may cause cancer cells to grow uncontrollably and spread in the body.15 The Role of Biomarkers in NSCLC Approximately 70% of patients present with locallyadvanced or metastatic NSCLC.6 For locally advanced, which means the cancer has spread into the tissues around the lungs, an estimated 35% of patients survive for five years or longer.10 For metastatic, which means the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, around 7% of patients live for five years or longer.10 Up to 30% of NSCLC patients are diagnosed with early-stage (IꟷIIIA) disease.6 Early-stage lung cancer diagnoses are often only made when the cancer is found on imaging for an unrelated condition.7,8 Five-year recurrence rates are approximately 45% in Stage IB, 62% in Stage II, and 76% in Stage III.9 Staging in NSCLC
CONCENTRAÇÃO SÉRICA DE RETINOL E PREVALÊNCIA DE DEFICIÊNCIA DE VITAMINA A EM PUÉRPERAS Serum retinol concentration and prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in postpartum women

Objective: To check the serum retinol concentration and assess the nutritional status of postpartum women assisted at Januario Cicco Maternity School, Natal / RN in relation to vitamin A deficiency. Methods: We recruited 190 healthy postpartum women assisted at a Brazilian public hospital. Serum retinol concentration was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Retinol values below 30 μg g / dL were considered indicative of vitamin A deficiency. Results: The nutritional biochemistry status of vitamin A, regarding to serum retinol, presented an average of 44.6 ± 17.6 μg g / dL, showing normal values according to the referential (≤ 30 μg g / dL). However, 45 (23.7%) mothers had deficient levels of serum retinol, a prevalence which classifies the study population as a serious public health problem. Conclusion: The prevalence found in this study reports that the population is at risk for vitamin A deficiency, a situation clouded by the apparent normality of the mean serum retinol.
Antimicrobial Therapy for Bacillus anthracis-Induced Polymicrobial Infection in 60Co γ-Irradiated Mice

ABSTRACT Challenge with both nonlethal ionizing radiation and toxigenic Bacillus anthracis spores increases the rate of mortality from a mixed bacterial infection. If biological weapons, such as B. anthracis spores, and nuclear weapons were used together, casualties could be more severe than they would be from the use of either weapon alone. We previously discovered that a polymicrobial infection developed in B6D2F1/J mice after nonlethal (7-Gy) 60Co γ irradiation and intratracheal challenge with B. anthracis Sterne spores 4 days after irradiation. In this present study, we investigated the survival of mice and the response of the polymicrobial infection during the course of antimicrobial therapy with penicillin G procaine, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin, or gatifloxacin. Survival was prolonged, but not ensured, when the mice were treated with either broad-spectrum ofloxacin or narrow-spectrum penicillin G for 7 days beginning 6 or 24 h after challenge. Survival was not prolonged when therapy was delayed more than 24 h after challenge. When these two antimicrobial agents were given for 21 days, the survival rate was increased from 0% for the controls to 38 to 63% after therapy. Therapy with trovafloxacin or gatifloxacin reduced the incidence of mixed infection and improved the rate of survival to 95% (trovafloxacin) or 79% (gatifloxacin), whereas the rate of survival for the controls was 5%. We conclude that the mixed infection induced by B. anthracis in irradiated mice complicates effective therapy with a single antimicrobial agent. To limit mortality following nonlethal irradiation and challenge with B. anthracis spores, antimicrobial therapy needs to be initiated within a few hours after challenge and continued for up to 21 days.
A METHOD FOR DETERMINING LOSS OF PAIN SENSATION

1. A simple, rapid method for determining the pain threshold in the rat is described. 2. The individual variation, under a variety of conditions, was found to be surprisingly small. 3. The method was applied to the determination of analgesic properties of several substances, including cobra venom. No analgesic property in the latter could be demonstrated. 4. A comparative assay of five opiates gave results in good agreement with clinical experience.
Examining ACL Revision Surgery of a Female Collegiate Athlete

ABSTRACT EXAMINING ACL REVISION SURGERY OF A FEMALE COLLEGIATE ATHLETE by Heather McHale Master of Arts in Kinesiology Athletic Training Education Option California State University, Chico Spring 2011 Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgeries have become very common in the athletic population. With the increasing numbers of opportunities for physical activity, physical education, and sports participation, more competitive and amateur athletes are being treated for sports-related musculoskeletal injuries such as ACL sprain and rupture. High school and collegiate athletes, specifically, are at a higher risk for ACL injury than their weekend warrior counterparts are. Due to the prevalence of this injury in the younger, more active population, the medical community has been motivated to find the most appropriate treatment for this season-ending injury. Orthopedic surgeons have been able to identify successful reconstructive methods using tissue grafts that aid in the full recovery of their patients. Gone are the days where the athlete is told that he or she can no longer participate in their sport due to ACL injuries; athletes now have the opportunity to return safely to participation as soon as 6 months after reconstructive surgery. Unfortunately, the different grafts that are available for reconstruction have both positive and negative outcomes, thus there is yet to be a true medical ? gold standard? among surgeons. This fact is troubling for the collegiate athlete looking for an accelerated return-to-play timeline. The purpose of this study was to chronicle the recovery of a female collegiate athlete who suffered an ACL injury and progressed through reconstructive surgery, rehabilitation, and return to full competition after two ACL reconstructions in the same knee. The athlete suffered an initial ACL rupture, as diagnosed by her orthopedic surgeon, during her first collegiate basketball season. Reconstructive surgery was performed using cadaveric tissue. At 11 months after the operation, the graft ruptured during basketball practice while performing a routine lay-up. An autogenic hamstring graft was used for the revision surgery. After receiving two different types of grafts, this athlete? s case presents an opportunity for the medical community to question and further examine the optimal type of graft for young athletes who are looking to continue athletic competition after surgery.
Present investigations and new aliments of swine flu

Swine flu is a disease of the respiratory system, caused by the H1N1 virus or type A influenza virus, and has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Initially, swine flu was reported only in pigs, but of recent, a considerable number of cases of swine flu in humans too, have been reported all over the world. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) recommends the use of Tamiflu (oseltamivir) or Relenza (zanamivir) for the treatment and/or prevention of infection with swine influenza viruses. Cases of swine flu are rising on a daily basis and this calls for different treatment options that are effective in relieving swine flu symptoms. It also calls for more awareness on its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, treatments and new technologies available to fight against swine flu.
Scalable Extreme Deconvolution

The Extreme Deconvolution method fits a probability density to a dataset where each observation has Gaussian noise added with a known sample-specific covariance, originally intended for use with astronomical datasets. The existing fitting method is batch EM, which would not normally be applied to large datasets such as the Gaia catalog containing noisy observations of a billion stars. We propose two minibatch variants of extreme deconvolution, based on an online variation of the EM algorithm, and direct gradient-based optimisation of the log-likelihood, both of which can run on GPUs. We demonstrate that these methods provide faster fitting, whilst being able to scale to much larger models for use with larger datasets.
Diagnostics of ultra-intense laser pulses using tunneling ionization

We revisit a recently proposed scheme (Ciappina et al 2019 Phys. Rev. A 99 043405) for accurate measurement of electromagnetic radiation intensities in a focus of high-power laser beams. The method is based on the observation of multiple sequential tunneling ionization of atoms and suggests determination of the peak intensity value from the appearance in the focal area ions with a certain charge number. Here we study the sensitivity of the approach to two essential factors: the focal volume effect and the tunneling ionization model chosen to calculate ionization rates. We show, on the one hand, that the results appear almost model independent for ionization of helium- and hydrogen-like ions and, on the other hand, that the focal averaging leaves the intensity-dependent features visible. Our findings are in favor to a practical implementation of the atomic diagnostics of extreme laser intensities.