Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Gas-Antisolvent (GAS) Process for Precipitation of Finasteride

Experimental study the effect of GAS system conditions on the particle size distribution of finasteride (FNS) requires a thermodynamic model for the volume expansion process. In this study, the phase behavior of the binary system including carbon dioxide and Dimethyl sulfoxide and a ternary system comprising carbon dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and Finasteride was studied. The Peng-Robinson equation of state was employed for evaluation of the fluid phases and a fugacity expression to represent the solid phase. By developing an accurate predictive model, the GAS operating conditions can be optimized to produce particles with no need for a large number of experiments. First, the critical properties of the FNS were evaluated by the group contribution methods. The method of Marrero and Gani was also selected to predict the normal boiling point, critical temperature, and critical pressure. The correlation of Edmister was chosen for the prediction of the acentric factor. The lowest pressures for the ternary system at 308, 318, 328 and 338 K were 7.49, 8.13, 8.51 and 9.03 MPa, respectively. The precipitation of the dissolved finasteride happened at these operating pressures.
Vadasz Number Effects on Convection in a Horizontal Porous Layer Subjected to Internal Heat Generation and G-Jitter

Flow and heat transfer in a horizontal porous layer subjected to internal heat generation and g-jitter is considered for the Dirichlet thermal boundary condition. A linear stability analysis is used to determine the convection threshold in terms of the critical Rayleigh number. For the low amplitude, high frequency approximation, the results show that vibration has a stabilizing effect on the onset of convection when the porous layer is heated from below. When the porous layer is cooled from below and heated from above, the vibration has a destabilizing effect in the presence of internal heat generation. It is also demonstrated that when the top and bottoms walls are cooled and rigid/impermeable, the critical Rayleigh number is infinitely large and conduction is the only possible mode of heat transfer. The impact of increasing the Vadasz number is to stabilize the convection, in addition to reducing the transition point from synchronous to subharmonic solutions.
Evolutionary patterns of the chimerical retrogenes in Oryza

Chimerical retroposition delineate a process by which RNA reverse transcribed integration into genome accompanied with recruiting flanking sequence, which is asserted to play essential roles and drive genome evolution. Although chimerical retrogenes hold high origination rate in plant genome, the evolutionary pattern of retrogenes and their parental genes are not well understood in rice genome. In this study, using maximum likelihood method, we evaluated the substitution ratio along lineages of 24 retrogenes and parental gene pairs to retrospect the evolutionary patterns. The results indicate that some specific lineages in 7 pairs underwent positive selection. Besides the rapid evolution in the initial stage of new chimerical retrogene evolution, an unexpected pattern was revealed: soon or some uncertain period after the origination of new chimerical retrogenes, their parental genes evolved rapidly under positive selection, rather than the rapid evolution of the new chimerical retrogenes themselves. This result lend support to the hypothesis that the new copy assistant the function evolution among parental gene and retrogene. Transcriptionally, we also found that one retrogene (RCG3) have a high expression at the period of calli infection which supported by chip data while its parental gene doesn’t have. Finally, by calibration to Ka/Ks analysis results in other species including Apis mellifera, we concluded that chimerical retrogenes are higher proportionally positive selected than the regular genes in the rice genome.
Isothermal Modeling Study Of Concentration FluctuationsIn Multi-Jet Turbulent Mixing

Water analogy flow visualisation and conductivity techniques with air bubbles and a salt solution as tracers are relatively simple and cost-effective techniques for the qualitative and quantitative studies of turbulent fuel and air mixing and yet give very useful information about aerodynamic patterns and mixing characteristics of the system concerned. These techniques have been used to study the fuel placement effects on the flow aerodynamics and mixing characteristics of a series of multi-jet grid cone stabilised non-swirl flow. The experimental results showed that the degree of fuel and air mixing was largely governed by the internally-generated flow aerodynamics and the turbulent energy available. The methods of direct-fuel- injection had a major influence on the mixing uniformity only in the high turbulence jet interaction zone near the cone exit plane
Experiential Learning Methods in Culinary Course Can Bridge the Gap: Student Perceptions on How Hands-On Curriculum Prepares Them for Industry

ABSTRACT This exploratory study investigates students’ understanding of how they believed hands-on activities prepared them for the hospitality industry. While competitive hospitality businesses around the globe seek out new employees to take on the many leadership challenges, hospitality schools make parallel efforts to prepare their students to take on these responsibilities after graduation. Although traditional classroom techniques have a place in the hospitality classroom, experiential learning methods have emerged as a powerful way of better preparing students for the unique environment they will face when employed. The inseparable employee-to-guest nature of the hospitality industry creates idiomatic scenarios, which can often be stressful for a new employee. The context for this study is the University of South Florida’s College of Hospitality & Tourism Leadership (CHTL). Using qualitative explorative methods, students were interviewed and synthesized themes were identified. The main findings indicate students were enthusiastic when describing their hands-on activities with professionals and shared how the experiential learning curriculum was more engaging then traditional methods. Students provided narratives that claimed the dynamic activities made learned material more memorable and relevant to the real industry. Furthermore, students felt the challenging group work caused them to develop diverse insights for problem solving.
Multi-Parental Advances Generation Inter-Cross Population, to Develop Organic Tomato Genotypes by Participatory Plant Breeding

A Multi-parent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) tomato population was developed by crossing eight founder lines chosen to include a wide range of variability. The lines were previously genotyped by a genotyping by sequencing approach. The MAGIC population was used to develop genotypes with important agronomic traits and to perform the Participatory Plant Breeding (PPB). Among the 400 plants of generation 4 (G4) of the MAGIC population cultivated in an organic field experiment, 22 individuals were phenotypically selected and a molecular analysis was done for both presence of resistance genes and fruit shape (marker assisted selection) on G5 seedlings. Three selected plants showed both the pyramiding gene of resistance to the main diseases and the ovate gene for pear shape typology. The 400 G10 stable lines that obtained from single seed descent will represent an important genetic resource for the tomato scientific community. The MAGIC population G4 was also cultivated in three organic farms located in North, Central and South Italy to carry out the PPB. The plants showed significant phenotypic differences in development, productivity and fruit color. This variability was used to select families of tomato adapted to low input crop management, different environments, agricultural practices and market conditions.
Reconstructing the Ancient Route Network in Pergamon’s Surroundings

The surrounding landscape of ancient Pergamon is characterized by several mountain ranges, the Bakırçay Valley and River and the Aegean coastline. The accessibility of this region was vital for the city since it provided food and resources as well as trade, communication and military movements, all facilitated by a well-developed route network. Despite the importance of roads for the development and prosperity of the city, the ancient route network is still widely unexplored and archeological evidence of roads is extremely rare. This study therefore aims to reconstruct the ancient route network in the surroundings of Pergamon by combining historical and archeological sources with modern computer-aided least-cost path analyses, while also considering changes in the landscape that have occurred since antiquity. Based on these detailed results, conclusions may be drawn about the characteristics and functional diversity of the routes. Although the investigation of the route network in the surroundings of Pergamon cannot be considered complete, the results of this study already offer a valuable basis for further research, analyses, modeling and field work.
The autumn occurrence and spatial distribution of cetaceans in the waters of Mauritania during a geophysical survey in 2012

This study aimed to identify the occurrence and spatial distribution of cetaceans in Mauritanian waters (eastern Atlantic). A geophysical survey was conducted over 92 days between September and December 2012. Over 967 km was surveyed, with 1 017 h of observer effort recorded. Visual watches for marine mammals resulted in 228 cetacean sightings of 16 different species, including 12 odontocetes and 4 mysticetes. The short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus was the most frequently encountered odontocete, followed by the Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis. Of the mysticetes, the sei whale Balaenoptera borealis and blue whale B. musculus were encountered most frequently. We used generalised additive models and generalised linear models to examine the relationships between environmental factors and cetacean distribution. The results showed depth had a significant influence on presence of the short-finned pilot whale, which preferred waters deeper than 1 800 m. The model for mysticetes identified bathymetry as a significant environmental predictor, whereas slope of the ocean floor had a positive effect but was not significant. This study contributes to our understanding of cetaceans in Mauritanian waters, using data from a platform of opportunity.
Process of Establishment And In Vitro Development of Simaba Cedron Planch Seedlings. (Simaroubaceae)

Simaba cedron, popularly known as "cedron", is largely used for fever and snake bites. Its seeds are used in the treatment of stomach problems and liver infections. The fruits are used for the treatment of pain and malaria while its bark is an antispasmodic. Simaba cedron is generally propagated through seeds, but with limited success, as the low viability of same restricts its propagation. In view of such difficulty, it becomes necessary the study for adequate conditions for the large scale production of these seedlings. Being it known that in several species, the use of micropropagation has made it possible to obtain a large amount of disease-free and more homogeneous seedlings, in reduced time and physical space, in comparison with conventional propagation methods, the objective of this work was to analyze the effect of two culture media on the production of aseptic parent plants as a first step in the development of a micropropagation protocol for Simaba cedron. The seeds were collected from a matrix plant located in the Amazon Biotechnology Center (CBA), in Manaus/AM. The experiment was installed at the Vegetable Tissue Culture Laboratory, where the explants were desinfected and grown in culture medium according to Murashige & Skoog (MS) and in Wood Plant Medium (WPM), during 60 days. The disinfestation rate obtained was 75% and, of the disinfested seeds, 100% germinated. The cultivation medium that was more favorable to the cultivation of simaba was the MS, where the multiplication rate was of 8.0: 1, whose seedlings reached, in average, 4.8 cm and 75% of rooting.
A comparison of deep learning and citizen science techniques for counting wildlife in aerial survey images

Fast and accurate estimates of wildlife abundance are an essential component of efforts to conserve ecosystems in the face of rapid environmental change. A widely used method for estimating species abundance involves flying aerial transects, taking photographs, counting animals within the images and then inferring total population size based on a statistical estimate of species density in the region. The intermediate task of manually counting the aerial images is highly labour intensive and is often the limiting step in making a population estimate. Here, we assess the use of two novel approaches to perform this task by deploying both citizen scientists and deep learning to count aerial images of the 2015 survey of wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Through the use of the online platform Zooniverse, we collected multiple non‐expert counts by citizen scientists and used three different aggregation methods to obtain a single count for the survey images. We also counted the images by developing a bespoke deep learning method via the use of a convolutional neural network. The results of both approaches were then compared. After filtering of the citizen science counts, both approaches provided highly accurate total estimates. The deep learning method was far faster and appears to be a more reliable and predictable approach; however, we note that citizen science volunteers played an important role when creating training data for the algorithm. Notably, our results show that accurate, species‐specific, automated counting of aerial wildlife images is now possible.
Association between quality of life and handgrip strength among malnourished gynaecological cancer outpatients, National Cancer Institute

Introduction: Malnutrition is common among cancer patients and it is reported in a significant proportion of patients with gynaecological cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to determine the association between quality of life (QOL) and hand grip strength (HGS) among malnourished GC outpatients in the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Methods: This study was carried out in a Multidisciplinary Clinic of NCI. HGS was measured using Jamar Hand Dynamometer. Nutritional status was assessed using the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PGSGA). QOL was measured using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ C30). Results: A total of 69 patients were selected for the study. Fifty eight (84.1%) were classified as moderately malnourished or at risk of malnutrition (PG-SGA B) and 11 (15.9%) were classified as severely malnourished (PG-SGA C). There was a moderate, significant positive relationship between HGS and functional status (rs=0.275, p=0.022) observed in this study. Besides, in malnourished GC patients with low HGS, results indicated that they had problems with social functioning as well (r=0.255, p=0.035). Appetite was suggested as a predicting factor for low HGS among malnourished GC patients (F=12.253, p=0.001). Conclusion: HGS is a simple objective indicator of functionality and is, therefore, a valid item to be measured when assessing QOL of malnourished
Researching with children using Skype interviews and drawings: Methodological and ethical issues explored

This article explores methodological and ethical issues of researching with children, drawing on a project exploring children’s perceptions of having a mother studying in Higher Education. While most prior research concentrates on a mother’s view of her children, this article uniquely focuses on children’s views on their mother. From analysis of the data and reflections on the research experience, the following themes emerged, the benefits and challenges of using drawing or Skype as a research method and ethical issues when working with children. Reflecting a view of children as competent and knowledgeable participants within research, I argue that children should be given opportunities to discuss a range of topics that concern them and advocate doing research ‘with’ rather than ‘on’ children. Throughout this article, the children’s and mothers’ voices are interjected to provide a narrative offering insights into family life from a child’s perspective thus revealing the impact of this research on the mother.
Material Screening and Evaluation for Silicone Rubber Insulation with Simple Methods

Member Seiji KUMAGAI (Akita University andJSPS) Member Masafumi SUZUKI (Akita University) Member Noboru YOSHIMURA (Akita University) The guideline and procedure toselect the outdoor silicone rubbers having the best electrical performances from candidates by using slab samples and inclined-plane and salt-fog tests are introduced. Inclined-plane test, which eliminates the material hydrophobic effect, can make valuations which do not correlate with actual outdoor use to silicone-based materials . However, good understandings on itand the combination with salt-fog test enable an appropriate nd valid material selection. It is shown that proposed modified salt-fog method which involves dust deposit has a possibility to produce significant differences among excellent silicone rubbers and to evaluate heir performances in considerably severe conditions . The recommended procedure will be helpful for users and manufactures in evaluating and screening silicone rubbers for outdoor insulation .
Indicators for assessing tropical alpine rehabilitation practices

In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of indicators for rehabilitation practices in high mountain landscapes that were aimed at increasing grassland palatability and biomass accumulation. Focusing on the department of Huancavelica in Peru, the importance of rehabilitation practiced in this area involves the relationship of alpaca pastoralists and their need to produce wool. Overgrazing in this area has decreased the carrying capacity of the system, which may be problematic for continuing their present levels of grazing. Therefore, rehabilitation practices, including herbivory exclusion, exclusion with added irrigation, and exclusion with water collecting ditches, were installed to increase vegetation biomass and palatability of the vegetation. The effects of the rehabilitation practices were assessed using six indicators: vegetation coverage, species richness, Shannon‐Weiner Diversity Index, below and aboveground biomass, and soil organic matter, which were analyzed using mixed‐effects models. The indicators show that some practices, such as exclusion and ditches, are positively affecting vegetation coverage while negatively affecting species richness. Additionally, biomass showed lower accumulation in areas not excluded from grazing. Therefore, although some of the treatments were initiated as recently as 2013, we can already observe changes in the indicators involving vegetation composition and structure. In the long term, these indicators may allow us to fully understand the effect of the rehabilitation practices on maintaining the carrying capacity of the system. Furthermore, the general approach should be widely applicable in other utilized landscapes.
Allelic variations in aroma gene in cultivated rice varieties

Germplasm is a valuable source of genetic diversity that supports crop improvement efforts in any breeding programme but it must first be fully characterised for economically valuable traits before it can be effectively utilised. In rice (Oryza sativa), the development of new varieties with improved aroma requires correct phenotyping and prior knowledge of the available genes and alleles governing the aroma trait in the gene pool. Correct phenotyping and genotyping can be achieved using sensory methods and functional markers associated with polymorphisms that define the aroma genes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aroma status of rice accessions and to assess for the various alleles of badh2 gene using functional markers. A total of 56 rice accessions were evaluated at National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI) in Uganda for their aroma using sensory methods and a molecular marker to differentiate between aromatic and non- aromatic accessions. The aromatic accessions were then evaluated for variations within the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase2 (badh2) gene responsible for aroma in rice using functional markers. Sensory evaluation of aroma identified 23 accessions to be aromatic; while 33 were non-aromatic. Molecular results identified 20 accessions as aromatic; while 36 accessions were non-aromatic. Functional marker analysis indicated the presence of badh2-E7 allele in 20 aromatic accessions within this collection that could be employed in the breeding programme for the rice aromatic trait. Key words: badh2 alleles, functional markers, Oryza sativa
Mechanistic-based verification of a structural layer coefficient for high polymer-modified asphalt mixtures

Extensive laboratory performance testing and advanced statistical analyses led to the determination of a fatigue-based structural layer coefficient of 0.54 for high polymer-modified (HP) asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures in new pavements. The objective of this paper was to verify, using mechanistic-empirical (ME) analyses, the structural capacity of HP AC pavement sections designed using the 0.54 layer coefficient. The ME analysis for rutting, shoving, and top-down cracking in the AC layer resulted in most of the cases in a better performance for the HP AC mixes when compared with their respective PMA AC mixes. Moreover, the rut depths determined in the unbound layers were observed to be lower than the maximum allowable rut depth indicating an acceptable performance for the HP pavement sections which had a thinner AC layer thickness. In summary, the verification efforts supported the use of a structural coefficient of 0.54 for HP AC mixes in new pavements.
Isolation and molecular detection of Avipoxvirus from field outbreaks in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Objective: The present study was performed for isolation, identification, and molecular detection of Avipoxvirus [Turkeypox virus (TPV), Fowlpox virus (FPV), and Pigeonpox virus (PPV)] from field outbreaks in some selected areas of Mymensingh division, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 suspected cutaneous nodular samples (10 TPV, 20 PPV, and 30 FPV) were collected. The samples were then subjected to isolation and identification by chicken embryo propagation followed by confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The TPV, FPV, and PPV were successfully isolated and identified from the nodular samples using embryo propagation and PCR technique targeting pox virus p4b gene. Out of 10 Turkeypox suspected field samples, five (50%) were positive for TPV. Similarly, among 30 Fowl pox suspected field samples, 12 (40%), and out of 20 Pigeonpox suspected field samples, eight (40%) were found to be positive for FPV and PPV, respectively. The overall prevalence of avipox (TPV, FPV, and PPV) virus infections in Mymensingh division was 41.67% (n = 25/60). Conclusion: This study has shown that TPV, FPV, and PPV are circulating in Mymensingh division. The isolated TPV, FPV, and PPV field isolates can be used as vaccine candidates to develop an effective vaccine for effective controlling of the avipox in Mymensingh division and surrounding areas.