Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Description of adjointShapeOptimizationFoam and how to implement new objective functions

Disclaimer: This is a student project work, done as part of a course where OpenFOAM and some other OpenSource software are introduced to the students. Any reader should be aware that it might not be free of errors. Still, it might be useful for someone who would like learn some details similar to the ones presented in the report and in the accompanying files. The material has gone through a review process. The role of the reviewer is to go through the tutorial and make sure that it works, that it is possible to follow, and to some extent correct the writing. The reviewer has no responsibility for the contents.
LEA in Private: A Privacy and Data Protection Framework for a Learning Analytics Toolbox

To find a balance between learning analytics research and individual privacy learning analytics initiatives need to appropriately address ethical, privacy and data protection issues and comply with relevant legal regulations. A range of general guidelines, model codes, and principles for handling ethical issues and for appropriate data and privacy protection exist, which may serve the consideration of these topics in a learning analytics context. The importance and significance of data security and protection are also reflected in national and international laws and directives, where data protection is usually considered as a fundamental right. Existing guidelines, approaches and relevant regulations served as a basis for elaborating a comprehensive privacy and data protection framework for the LEA’s BOX project. It comprises a set of eight principles to derive implications for ensuring an ethical treatment of personal data in a learning analytics platform and its services. The privacy and data protection policy set out in the framework is suitable to be used as best practice for other learning analytics projects.
Aging, fragility and palliative care: challenges of an emerging context

Aging is a continuous process inherent in the human condition. It comprises a whole set of organic, psychic, and social changes of a progressive nature that are influenced by both genetics and the habits and behaviors the individual assumes throughout their life. Aging is marked by the reduction of organic and cognitive functions, a greater predisposition to the development of chronic degenerative diseases, and loss of independence in the activities of daily living (ADLs) [1]. Although there is a decline in physiological functions in this continuous process, which is senescence, aging can occur in an unsuccessful way, with a marked decrease in the quality of life due to one or more ill-managed illnesses that have long time affected the elderly. There is a decline in several systems with energy and functional dysregulation, being a pathological aging, and cannot be associated merely to the years passing by. In this sense, a set of pathological alterations have been studied for the purpose of classification and better understanding and approach in debilitated elderly. This is “fragility”.
Optical character recognition with Hough transform based neural networks

The Hough transform is used to form feature vectors corresponding to the existence of line segments of certain orientations within each image. Results show that these features are a useful addition to other more common OCR features. The author explores the interpretation of all stages (edge orientation detection and subsequent HT) as neural network type operations. The advantage is that all stages of the process become trainable, and one can develop Hough transforms that become expert at spotting the features most common in each class of character. >
Retropharyngeal Fibrolipom in Adults: A Case Report

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com [5,6]. Retropharyngeal space is an area extending from the skull base to the mediastinum, located between the middle and deep layers of the cervical fascia. It contains a small amount of fatty tissue and chains of lymph nodes especially at the suprahyoid level [7]. Lymph nodes and lymphatic channels are the main components of this space [8,9]. Tumors of the retropharyngeal region are extremely rare. The most commonly seen mass is in a form of inflammatory or tumorous lymph node enlargement [7]. Reported cases of lipomas in this region are less than 40 in the literature [10]. Whereas retropharyngeal fibrolipoma was reported by Huang in a 17-year-old male patient in 2008 and by Ganakalyan et al. [12] in a 2-year-old pediatric patient in 2008 [11] (Figures 1-3). Volume 8 Issue 8 2017
Multilingual Corpora at the Hamburg Centre for Language Corpora

We give an overview of the content and the technical background of a number of corpora which were developed in various projects of the Research Centre on Multilingualism (SFB 538) between 1999 and 2011 and which are now made available to the scientific community via the Hamburg Centre for Language Corpora.
Personalisierte Ophthalmologie – induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen als In-vitro-Modellsysteme für degenerative Netzhauterkrankungen

Zusammenfassung Die Suche nach kausalen Therapieoptionen für degenerative Netzhauterkrankungen kann mit einem detaillierten Verständnis pathologischer Vorgänge gezielt vorangetrieben werden. Alternativ kann sie sich auch auf einen eher ungerichteten Suchansatz für therapeutische Wirkstoffe verlassen. Für beide Forschungsansätze werden In-vitro- und, falls möglich, auch In-vivo-Krankheitsmodelle benötigt, die eine möglichst genaue Abbildung des primären Ortes der Schädigung reflektieren. Tiermodelle unterliegen Einschränkungen und können oft nur dezidierte Aspekte eines komplexen Krankheitsprozesses abbilden. Primärkulturen von Zelltypen des hinteren Augenpols sind lediglich invasiv bzw. post mortem zugänglich und aufgrund ihrer raschen Seneszenz nur ungenügend geeignet für zeitlich anspruchsvolle Analysen oder pharmakologische Suchansätze. Immortalisierte retinale Zelllinien wiederum unterscheiden sich in einigen Aspekten zu sehr von den nativen Zelltypen. Eine vielversprechende Alternative bieten induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen (iPSCs). Sie sind wenig invasiv zugänglich, patientenspezifisch generierbar, uneingeschränkt vermehrbar und können aufgrund ihrer Pluripotenz bereits jetzt in einige retinale Zelltypen gezielt ausdifferenziert werden. Diese iPSC-abgeleiteten retinalen Zellen gleichen nativen Zellen in vielen charakteristischen Schlüsseleigenschaften. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden bereits etablierte In-vivo-und In-vitro-Krankheitsmodelle degenerativer Netzhauterkrankungen vorgestellt und das Potenzial von iPSCs für eine personalisierte In-vitro-Modellierung ausgeleuchtet. Darüber hinaus werden bisher etablierte iPSC-abgeleitete Zelltypen des hinteren Augenpols – insbesondere Zellen des retinalen Pigmentepithels – detaillierter betrachtet und ein Ausblick für das Potenzial dieser Zellen in der allgemeinen ophthalmologischen Forschung gegeben.
Fast and Stable Solution Method for Angle-Resolved Light Scattering Simulation II - Model Enhancements

This report continues previous work to extensively treat a solution method to the radiative transfer problem. Several enhancements have been made, including handling of multilayer structures, handling of sharply peaked phase functions, and code optimization. The resulting model is referred to as DORT2002, now in version 2.0, and has been implemented in MATLAB using a discrete ordinate model geometry. The introduction of a graphical user interface makes the model easy to use, and any desired simulation is just a button-click away. The main steps to get a numerically stable multilayer solution procedure include the preconditioning of the system of equations for the boundary and continuity conditions, and the avoidance of over- and underflow in the multilayer solution and interpolation formulas. Important are also the recognition of potential divide-by-zero situations, and reformulation of those. Several measures are taken to make the code fast. This includes exploitation of the sparse structure of the system of equations for the boundary and continuity conditions. Several features allow high speed by maintaining accuracy at significantly lower number of channels than would otherwise be needed, or by automatically stopping calculations earlier when certain convergence criteria have been met. Comments are given on possible applications in the paper and printing industries. It is suggested that the Kubelka-Munk model should be replaced with DORT2002 in most applications.
Combination checkpoint immunotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy: Further results from a phase Ib/II trial of pembrolizumab and docetaxel or gemcitabine in patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.

525Background: We previously reported tolerability of pembrolizumab plus either docetaxel or gemcitabine in platinum-treated metastatic urothelial cancer patients (pts), given the hypothesis that chemotherapy might enhance tumoral neoantigen expression and modulate immunogenicity of tumor cells, potentially enhancing the response to anti-PD-1 therapy. Herein we report further results from an expansion cohort. Methods: Eligible pts had Zubrod PS 0-1, adequate end-organ function, and up to 2 prior lines of chemotherapy (at least one platinum based). Patients were treated with pembrolizumab 200 mg IV on D1 q3weeks plus either docetaxel 75 mg/m2 IV on D1 (Arm A) or gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 IV on D1 & D8 (Arm B). Primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints were overall response rate (RR) and progression free-survival (PFS). Results: A total of 20 pts have enrolled, 9 in Arm A, 11 in Arm B. Mean age was 66 (range 31-84). Most common AEs ≥ Grade 3 were hyponatremia (8/20), anemia (5/20), fatigue (5/20), neutr.
Clinical and immunological features of bronchial asthma with paecilomycosis

So far, the question of the etiology and pathogenesis of the intrinsic (non-atopic) form of asthma (one of the most common diseases) remains open. For many years, the prospects for the diagnosis and treatment of intrinsic asthma were associated with the discovery of new facts that will reveal the pathogenesis of the disease [1]. The latter requires clarification and includes the same picture of the morphological changes in the lungs, as well as the absence of clear immune pathological distinctions in different clinical characteristics of atopic and intrinsic forms of asthma. In bronchial biopsies of patients with intrinsic asthma the same profile of Th-2 helper cytokines and inflammatory cells is detected, as in patients with atopic asthma [2]. Acute respiratory diseases are the most common factor of aggravation of intrinsic asthma1. In recent years, information about a new form of systemic mycosis caused by Paecilomyces infection appeared. Polymorphism of clinical manifestations of paecilomycosis from nail infections to septic endocarditis was described [3,4].
Effects of prednisone on urinary proteome and disease biomarkers in a rat model

Disease biomarkers are measurable changes associated with specific pathophysiological conditions that can be used to diagnose and monitor diseases, to predict prognoses and to reflect treatment efficiency. As a non-invasively accessible and relatively stable liquid, urine is a promising clinical sample source for biomarker discovery via proteomics approaches [1]. Recently, urinary proteomics has received increasing attention in disease biomarker research.
Glycemic Excursions in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Comparison of Three Therapeutic Arms

The objective of optimal diabetes control is to maintain normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in order to prevent diabetic complications. There is considerable evidence from landmark studies that HbA1c is linked to vascular complications of diabetes [1,2]. But HbA1c has its limitations too. Though being representative of an overall glycemic status, yet when incorporting all the components of glycemia, including fasting, preprandial and postprandial hyperglycemia, HbA1c level does not reflect their relative contribution towards glycemic control [3]. Moreover, HbA1c fails to capture glucose fluctuations and does not track glycemic excursions and 60% of these excursions are not revealed by SMBG alone.
The effects of the Pilates exercises on rectus abdominis thickness and balance in healthy female health worker: prospective, single blind study with controlled group

Pilate’s exercises were originally designed for and used by performance artists, but have enjoyed wider popularity in recent years [1]. Joseph H. Pilates developed a comprehensive program known as the Pilates method in the 1920’s. Over the last decade, the popularity of this set of exercises has grown and Pilates is now used as a form of fitness and holistic health [2]. The Pilates method can offer significant improvement in personal autonomy, static balance and quality of life in elderly females [3]. The abdominal muscles flex the lumbar spine, where rectus abdominis is particularly powerful muscle. Acting collectively, the abdominal muscles not only increase intra-abdominal pressure but also affect forced expiration, sneezing and coughing [4]. Rectus abdominis muscle is one of the anterior abdominal muscles. This muscle is originated from pubic crest and pubic symphysis and inserted in xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5-7. It is innervated by intercostal nerve (T7-T11) and subcostal nerve (T12). Function of rectus abdominis is to depress ribs and flex trunk [5].
Facial blanching: an unusual side effect after botulinum toxin injection

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is widely used in different areas of medicine. Its major and most obvious effect consists in the block of acetylcholine-mediated nerve-to-muscle signaling transmission determining the unique efficacy of BTX used for treatment of neurological disorders related to muscle hypertonicity and spasticity. BTX-induced transient relaxation of the facial muscles used for elimination of facial wrinkles has made BTX injections the most popular non-surgical aesthetic procedure in the world [1]. The inhibition by BTX of exocrine glands function is based on impairment of the cholinergic innervation. BTX is most commonly used for treatment of hyper hydrosis, but in some cases it is also used to block functioning of the salivary and lacrimal glands.
Reflection and ectopic activity induced by early after depolarizations. A computer modeling study

A computer model of two partially coupled ventricular fibers was used to study conditions in which EADs developed in an area of ventricular myocardium propagate to other areas, generating ectopic activity or reflection. We simulate the interactions between two areas of myocardium coupled through an area of unexcitable tissue, simulated by a resistance R. EADs are induced in one of the segments by enhancing I/sub Ca/ current and decreasing I/sub K/ current while the other is kept under normal conditions. The results show that the likelihood of ectopic activity and reflection depends on both EAD conditions and R values. For low values of R (in the range from 5 /spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/ to 10 /spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/) ectopic activity and reflection only appear for strong EAD conditions (I/sub Ca/ enhanced by 80% and I/sub K/ blocked by 80%). However, when higher R values are used, the ectopic activity and reflection appear at less extreme EAD conditions. For R=50 /spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/, both phenomena appear for I/sub Ca/ enhanced by 60% and I/sub K/ blocked by 60%. The study shows that ectopic activity and reflection in a zone of myocardium could be induced by EADs generated in neighboring zones.
Gait locomotion generation and leg muscle evaluation for overground walking rehabilitation robots.

The number of people with difficulty in walking has increased with ageing issues worldwide. It is possible to regain walking ability after persistent locomotion training. In decades, robotic devices have been suggested to enhance motor recovery by replicating clinical manualassisted training, which is labour-intensive and hard to persistent. This thesis presents a research work on a robotic-assisted training system based on overground walking (OGW), instead of the treadmill training. Proposed motion generation, control and evaluation of the lower limb rehabilitation are specified to the OGW training system for a more natural and effective gait training. In the present work, human motor control is first investigated to avoid a totally passive walking exercise on robotic system. In order to enhance effect of the active training, incorrect muscle activations on lower limbs for the pathological gait are identified. After investigating human motor control for one joint, motion generation algorithms of gait training are proposed for coordinating all joints on the pelvis and lower limbs. For different individual gaits and physical dimensions, an adjustable motion generation algorithm is proposed. Then, the intelligent control methods are also proposed for better tracking the generated motion under different walking speeds. All these proposed motion generation and control methods are implemented on an OGW gait system: NaTUre-gaits (Natural and TUnable rehabilitation gait system). The synchronized control is implemented for the modular systems, i.e. pelvic arm, robotic orthosis and mobile platform. Comparisons of lower limb muscular activation walking with and without the robotic device are studied and discussed. Results of successful clinical-trials show that the performance of the device is able to provide comparable performance obtained by manual assistance by gait rehabilitation training. Further quantifying assessment of muscle dysfunction of human gait is investigated, which works as an effective tool and contributes to qualified evaluation and bio-feedback for gait rehabilitation. In conclusion, the present work has dealt successfully with a full-range of new robotic-assisted gait rehabilitation methodology, which includes human gait locomotion study, development of motion generation and control strategy, system implementations, clinical applications, and quantitative assessment for an OGW rehabilitation training robot.
Is the Public Art Programme in the Ethekwini District, Kwazulu-Natal, Patient-Centred?

The South African public antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme was rolled out in 2004 and to date constitutes one of the largest ART programmes globally [1,2]. The programme has been hailed by many as a success due to the reduction in mortality and morbidity rates [3,4]. However, the success of any ART programme is dependent on consistent, effective supply and delivery of antiretrovirals (ARVs); a wide variety of drug options; efficient and effective staff, facility and administration; continuously improved diagnostics and technological advancement providing high-quality, easily accessible, service driven and comprehensive patient-centred care [5].
Metrical constituency and rhythmic adjustment

Over the past few years, research in metrical phonology has witnessed a shift in its main topic of investigation. Originally, attention was focused on the representation of prominence patterns of words (for example, Liberman & Prince 1977; Kiparsky 1979; Selkirk 1980; Hayes 1981), but more recently interest has arisen in several sorts of ‘rhythmic’ stress phenomena in larger domains (Prince 1983; Hayes 1984; Selkirk 1984; Hammond 1984; Giegerich 1985). One way of explaining this shift is by noting that the issue of the treatment of prominence patterns proper seems to have reached a stage where both grid-only (i.e. tree-less) theory and variants of tree-full theories, whether or not they employ grids as well, are capable of explaining the prominence patterns of words (see, for instance, Prince 1983; van der Hulst 1984). In this situation, investigation of rhythmic stress phenomena may offer the possibility of evaluating these theories because, as currently perceived, this area typically deals with the issue of whether metrical tree structure is needed at all, or whether grid structure by itself is capable of explaining rhythmic adjustments: on the one hand, grid-only theory claims that any constituency relevant to rhythmic adjustment is adequately encoded in the grid; on the other, tree theory holds that more detailed, or perhaps different, constituent information is required, as expressed in the metrical tree.
The Rhythmic Interpretation of Monophonic Music

The assignment of a rhythmic interpretation to a piece of metrical music calls for the postulation of an underlying meter and the parsing of the note values according to this meter. In this article we develop the implications of this view, which include the following propositions. 1. Any given sequence of note values is in principle rhythmically ambiguous, although this ambiguity is seldom apparent to the listener. 2. In choosing a rhythmic interpretation for a given note sequence the listener seems to be guided by a strong assumption: if the sequence can be interpreted as the realization of an unsyncopated passage, then that is how he will interpret it. 3. Phrasing can make an important difference to the rhythmic interpretation that the listener assigns to a given sequence. Phrasing can therefore serve a structural function as well as a purely ornamental one.
A 59-Year-Old Male with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a very rare and extremely aggressive carcinoma of the thyroid Prognosis is dismal and by definition is classified as stage IV upon diagnosis Imaging plays a central role in defining the extent of disease planning therapy and monitoring the response to treatment This case report illustrates the aggressive nature of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and the value of imaging in guiding tumor biopsy identification of metastases and planning therapy
Enhanced Network Security for Seamless Service Provisioning in the Smart Mobile Ecosystem

This deliverable presents the design of the lightweight malware detector module of the honeydroid which is responsible for monitoring a mobile device in real-time and detecting any anomalies. The document provides a comprehensive description of the steps which have been carried out to select, build and test the malware detector. This document also includes an evaluation of the malware detector’s CPU usage.
Injection of Attacks in MANETs

Mobile ad-hoc networks are widely used in the tactical battlefield, emergency search and rescue missions. They are also well used in civilian ad-hoc situations like conferences and classrooms due to the ease and speed in setting up such networks. Unlike traditional mobile wireless networks, ad hoc networks do not rely on any fixed infrastructure. Instead, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. The wireless ad- hoc networks are mostly vulnerable to security attacks because of its features of open medium, dynamic topology, lack of centralized management and node mobility. In this paper we proposed a means to inject black hole attack and wormhole with a protocol Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and conducted experiments using NS2 simulator. The results show that performance of network decreased in presence of attacks.