Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi theoretical perspectives in an abductive action research study

This paper describes an ongoing abductive research process with two researchers, with different educational background, involved in the same action research, thus having different theoretical perspectives on the study. The method of involving two researchers in the same study is not main stream in action research. The empirical data is analysed based on the two research perspectives and on parallel abduction. The abduction as part of action research integrates the participating company in the abductive process, another unexplored, non main stream, approach to abductive action research. The overall research, valid for both researchers, is about customer orientation and innovation in a paper/packaging supply chain, where the study is conducted at one actor at one end of the supply chain. The theoretical perspectives are strategy and product development in alignment with customer orientation and innovation; with focus on the focal company and their relations to their 1st and 2nd customers. The importance of integration of the theoretical perspectives as well as differentiation of perspectives is illustrated in the paper. Furthermore the paper elaborate on the integration of the case company in the abductive process. The paper concludes by describing the advantages, challenges and uncertainties of having two research perspectives involved and integrated in the research process. The phenomenon of integrating, while at the same time differentiating the two perspectives in the analysis is also elaborated on. Another conclusion, is that abductive action research allows for integration of the participating company in the abductive process, which adds a dimension to the iterative process.
Abundance trend with condensation temperature for stars with different Galactic birth places

During the past decade, several studies reported a correlation between chemical abundances of stars and condensation temperature (also known as Tc trend). However, the real astrophysical nature of this correlation is still debated. The main goal of this work is to explore the possible dependence of the Tc trend on stellar Galactocentric distances, Rmean. We used high-quality spectra of about 40 stars observed with the HARPS and UVES spectrographs to derive precise stellar parameters, chemical abundances, and stellar ages. A differential line-by-line analysis was applied to achieve the highest possible precision in the chemical abundances. We confirm previous results that [X/Fe] abundance ratios depend on stellar age and that for a given age, some elements also show a dependence on Rmean. When using the whole sample of stars, we observe a weak hint that the Tc trend depends on Rmean. The observed dependence is very complex and disappears when only stars with similar ages are considered. To conclude on the possible dependence of the Tc trend on the formation place of stars, a larger sample of stars with very similar atmospheric parameters and stellar ages observed at different Galactocentric distances is needed
Demand for redistribution in the wake of the economic crisis

Empirical evidence from the European Social Survey suggests that while average demand for redistribution in Europe has increased following th e Great Recession, the change is highly heterogeneous across income levels. Indeed, higher ncome groups appear to have experienced a more pronounced change in distributional preference s than lower income groups. This holds true after controlling for a range of socioeconomic char acteristics. The effect is shown to be strongest for the self-employed, older workers and those livi ng n countries most affected by the crisis. A proposed explanation is based on the social insuran ce motive: The crisis’ severity may have led higher income groups to develop a new awareness of material risks, against which redistribution can provide a form of insurance.
Application Of Various Data Mining Techniques To ClassifyHeart Diseases

Diseases are quite common in human beings but the most common disease that affects human beings are heart diseases which are the main cause of death in developed and developing countries. Detecting heart disease is a great challenge for medical practitioners with high level of accuracy so that a patients life is saved. Large amount of medical data are being generated which can be useful for the physicians, various data mining algorithm helps us to find meaningful insights from data which would otherwise remain undiscovered. My research aims to deploy a model that gives us the highest performance metric (accuracy, sensitivity,specificity and kappa) among the three algorithm Random Forest, Logistic regression and Artificial Neural Network so that a patient life is saved in places where there is lack of medical practitioners. I would be following the CRISPDM data mining methodology. Supervised classification algorithm is used to classify the heart disease in the UCI-ML data set which consists of 14 attribute and 303 observations. The effect of detecting heart disease is to render in the different data mining algorithm in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and kappa with the sole motive of obtaining more superior results than any other research method. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and kappa of ANN is 79%, 85%, 73% and 59%, whereas that of Random forest is 80%, 83%, 78% and 61% percent and Logistic regression is 85%, 89%, 80% and 70% percent,which clearly shows that Logistic regression outperforms the other two algorithm in terms of all the performance measures. Thus this research will enable the medical industry as a whole in timely treatment of heart disease without the intervention of medical practitioners and also this will help the general practitioners to decide the next step for treatment without the intervention of trained cardiologists in remote area.
qPCR Assays for the Detection and Quantification of Multiple Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Species of Alexandrium

Paralytic shellfish toxin producing dinoflagellates have negatively impacted the shellfish aquaculture industry worldwide, including in Australia and New Zealand. Morphologically identical cryptic species of dinoflagellates that may differ in toxicity, in particular, species of the former Alexandrium tamarense species complex, co-occur in Australia, as they do in multiple regions in Asia and Europe. To understand the dynamics and the ecological drivers of the growth of each species in the field, accurate quantification at the species level is crucial. We have developed the first quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primers for A. australiense, and new primers targeting A. ostenfeldii, A. catenella, and A. pacificum. We showed that our new primers for A. pacificum are more specific than previously published primer pairs. These assays can be used to quantify planktonic cells and cysts in the water column and in sediment samples with limits of detection of 2 cells/L for the A. catenella and A. australiense assays, 2 cells/L and 1 cyst/mg sediment for the A. pacificum assay, and 1 cells/L for the A. ostenfeldii assay, and efficiencies of >90%. We utilized these assays to discriminate and quantify co-occurring A. catenella, A. pacificum, and A. australiense in samples from the east coast of Tasmania, Australia.
Nanostarch Surface Coating of Lightweight Coated Paper

Nanostarch has a small particle size and large surface area compared with traditional modified starch. In this study, nanostarch was prepared by dual screw extrusion and was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanostarch was studied as a coating adhesive in surface coating of lightweight coated paper. The crystallinity of nanostarch granules was decreased by dual screw extrusion, and its average particle size was about 100 nm. The results showed that for the paper coating formula of styrene butadiene latex and an ordinary oxidized coating starch ratio of 9:5, all ordinary oxidized coating starch and part of the styrene butadiene latex can be replaced by nanostarch. When 5 parts of ordinary oxidized coating starch and 4 parts of styrene butadiene latex were replaced by 6.5 parts nanostarch, the water retention property of nanostarch coating was increased by 64.0%, and its viscosity was decreased by 11.0%. The IGT printing surface strength of lightweight coated paper by the nanostarch coating was increased by 11.6%, and the glossiness of coated paper was increased by 7.2%. These results show that nanostarch surface coatings have good prospects for application in papermaking.
Dynamics of compound droplets via 3D spectral boundary elements

Compound droplets raise great interests due to their applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industry. In spite of the growing demand of theoretical investigation of dynamics of compound droplets from those applications, very limited effort has been contributed in the analytical and/or numerical study of them. In this work, a 3D spectral boundary element method is employed to investigate the dynamics of compound droplets for both concentric and eccentric configurations. A comprehensive investigation has been carried out on the influences of the relative droplet size, relative surface tensions on the two interfaces, relative viscosities of the fluids, and the initial location of the inner droplet, on the deformation, migration, and stability of compound droplets. Two mechanisms of droplet breakup have been observed: (a) the contact of the outer and inner interface and (b) the instability of the inner droplet.
Crime is Terribly Revealing: Information Technology and Police Productivity

An increasing number of police departments use information technology (IT) to optimize patrolling strategies, yet little is known about its effectiveness in preventing crime. Based on quasi-random access to “predictive policing,” this study shows that IT improves police productivity as measured by crime clearance rates. Thanks to detailed information on individual incidents and offender-level identifiers it also shows that criminals strategies are predictable. Moreover, the introduction of predictive policing coincides with a large negative trend-discontinuity in crime rates. The benefit–cost ratio of this IT innovation appears to be large.
UNDERSTANDING SPANISH DUAL INFLATION

We explore the implications of the dierential behavior of total factor produc- tivity across sectors for understanding the dynamics of the relative prices of services and manufactures. We find that, in the second half of the nineties, contrary to the assumptions of the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis, the relative evolution of the markups of the services and manufacturing sectors has been a key determinant of what we refer to as Spanish dual inflation.
Directory knowledge, query stream and weighted state space tree based automatic web query classification

Optimal automatic classification of web queries aid in improving the performance of search engines. To automatically classify web queries into predefined topical categories, a novel approach which transforms a classification problem to a search problem in the state space tree is proposed. The topical categories are converted to a state space tree. The directory search results and query stream are used in determining the criterion function for a node. A final traversal through the tree using best first search yields a ranked list of target categories. Experimentation on unique users of an AOL query log with previous queries yielded a comparable result to the conventional automatic web query classification techniques.
Footfall Vibration and the Dynamic Response of Different Structures - A case study comparing predicted and measured results

Excessive floor vibration in buildings can adversely impact on human comfort or the operation of vibration sensitive equipment. Design procedures with varying degrees of sophistication have been developed over the last decades for both concrete and steel building structures. Key input parameters are the dynamic floor properties (with required in� formation ranging from the fundamental frequency to a mobility spectrum of up to 4 times the fastest stepping fre� quency) and footfall characteristics (from stepping frequency only to a force spectra of up to four times this frequen� cy). This paper discusses floor vibration criteria for human comfort. Footfall vibration measurements taken on dif� ferent suspended floors (concrete and composite structures) are presented. The measured results are compared against different prediction methods of varying degrees of sophistication. The effects of individual and two person walker combinations are discussed as well.
Under the influence of traumatic events, new ideas, economic experts and the ICT revolution - the economic policy and macroeconomic performance of Sweden in the 1990s and 2000s

The new economic-policy regime in Sweden in the 1990s included deregulation, central-bank independence, inflation targets and fiscal rules but also active labour market policy and voluntary incomes policy. This article describes the content, determinants and performance of the new economic policy in Sweden in a comparative, mainly Nordic, perspective. The new economic policy regime is explained by the deep recession and budget crisis in the early 1990s, new economic ideas, EU integration and the power of economic experts. In the 1998-2007 period, Sweden displayed relatively low inflation and high productivity growth, but unemployment was high, especially by national standards. The restrictive monetary policy was responsible for the low inflation and the dynamic ICT sector was decisive for the productivity miracle. Furthermore, productivity increases in the ICT sector largely explains why the Central Bank undershot its inflation target in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The new economic-policy regime in Sweden performed well during the global financial crisis. However, as in other OECD countries the moderate increase in unemployment was largely attributed to labour hoarding. And the rapid recovery of the Baltic countries made it possible for Sweden to avoid a bank crisis.
Release mortality of endangered Warsaw grouper Hyporthodus nigritus: a state-space model applied to capture-recapture data

Warsaw grouper Hyporthodus nigritus is a large-bodied, deep-water, demersal fish listed on the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered. In the USA, harvest of Warsaw grouper in recent decades has been heavily limited or prohibited. However, Warsaw grouper is part of a multispecies snapper−grouper fishery, making this species vulnerable to incidental capture (and release) as bycatch, even if not targeted for harvest. Therefore, release mortality is a primary concern for the recovery of this endangered species, especially given the potential barotraumatic effects of capture. Here, we used a long-term (11 yr) data set containing capture-recapture information on Warsaw grouper from a shallow site off the Atlantic coast of Florida. The data were collected through a citizen-science program, the South Carolina Marine Game Fish Tagging Program. We fit a state-space model to these data that accounts for — and provides estimates of — release mortality as a function of length. These estimates quantify the combined effect of imme diate and delayed mortality. We found that release mortality increased with length, from expected values lower than 10% to values exceeding 70%. At a total length of 700 mm, near our observed mean, the expected release mortality was 34% (95% credible interval of 3−57%). In general, release mortality estimates were lower than might be assumed (~100%) for a deep-water grouper. We suggest possible explanations for this result, such as the relatively shallow depth (~49 m) of this study and the careful treatment of released fish, and conclude by discussing implications for future research and conservation.
Evaluation of boundary layer cloud parameterizations in the ECHAM5 general circulation model using CALIPSO and CloudSat satellite data

Three different boundary layer cloud models are incorporated into the ECHAM5 general circulation model (GCM) and compared to CloudSat and CALIPSO satellite observations. The first boundary layer model builds upon the standard Tiedtke (1989) parameterization for shallow convection with an adapted convective trigger; the second is a bulk parameterization of the effects of transient shallow cumulus clouds; and lastly the Dual Mass Flux (DMF) scheme adjusted to better represent shallow convection. The three schemes improved (Sub)Tropical oceanic low‐level cloud cover, however, the fraction of low‐level cloud cover remains underestimated compared to CALIPSO observations. The representation of precipitation was improved by all schemes as they reduced the frequency of light intensity events <0.01 mm d−1, which were found to dominate the radar reflectivity histograms as well as be the greatest source of differences between ECHAM5 and CloudSat radar reflectivity histograms. For both lidar and radar diagnostics, the differences amongst the schemes are smaller than the differences compared to observations. While the DMF approach remains experimental, as its top‐of‐atmosphere radiative balance has not been retuned, it shows the most promise in producing nonprecipitating boundary layer clouds. With its internally consistent boundary layer scheme that uses the same bimodal joint distribution with a diffusive and an updraft component for clouds and turbulent transport, the ECHAM5_DMF produces the most realistic boundary layer depth as indicated by the cloud field. In addition, it reduced the frequency of large‐scale precipitation intensities of <0.01 mm d−1 the greatest.
Security Protocol for Wi Sense based Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks have emerged as one of the leading technologies. These networks are to monitor crucial environmental parameters of humidity, temperature, wind speed, soil moisture content, UV index, sound, etc. and then transfer the required information to the base station. However, security remains the key challenge of such networks as critical data is being transferred especially when sensor nodes are used in military application in hostile territories. Most sensor nodes currently deployed have constraints on memory and processing power and hence operate without an efficient security protocol. Hereby we propose a protocol which is lightweight and is secure for wireless sensor applications. The protocol is robust and has been tested on a sensor network made up WiSense nodes.
Geographical determinants of the creation of manufacturing firms: The regions of Spain

The complexity of the mechanisms determining the entry and exit of firms increases when geographical differences in production structure, human capital and unemployment are considered. Inter-reginal variations in the rate of the new firms start-ups within each industrial activity persist through long periods of time, a circumstance that indicates that there are non-conjunctural determinants to the capacity of regions to create new industrial projects. This study is concerned with establishing the influence o geographical variables on the setting up of new manufacturing establishments. The manufacturing industries (NACE R-25) in the Spanish regions (NUTS-2) have been taken as the units of analysis for the period 1980-1992.
Beyond Zero Tolerance

Zero tolerance policies in secondary schools now embrace an array of misbehaviors varying widely in seriousness. Their utility has therefore come into question, especially because they do not address causal factors and generally maintain an emphasis on suspension and expulsion. In contrast, responses based on a restorative justice philosophy embrace stakeholders in an interactive process to repair harm by addressing the nature of the misbehavior and resulting damages. In an effort to examine the applicability of restorative justice principles to disciplinary policies in educational settings, the explorative results of a pilot project are presented. Quantitative outcomes indicate reduced behavioral referrals and suspensions. Qualitative descriptions likewise point toward positive directions. Overall, findings are supportive of employing restorative justice principles in response to school-related misbehavior, which could be combined with traditional practices (for more serious offenders) in a synergistic approach to restoring order in our schools, responsibility in our students, and, ultimately, hope in our communities.
Prediction of Tigris River Stage in Qurna, South of Iraq, Using Artificial Neural Networks

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) with back-propagation algorithm are performed for predicting the stage of Tigris River in Qurna city, Basrah, south of Iraq. This model was adopted to investigate the applicability of ANNs as an effective tool to simulate the river stage for short term. By using the neural network toolbox in Matlab R2007b, three models are constructed as the first experiment. Multilayer percpetron with one hidden layer is used in the architecture of network. The best model is selected according to the trial and error procedure based on three common statistic coefficients (coefficient of correlation, root mean square error, and coefficient of efficiency). The best model from first experiment is used to predict the stage river for one, two, and three days ahead as the second experiment. Results indicated the ANNs with back-propagation algorithm are a powerful technique to predict the short term stage of Tigris River.
Motifs, algebraic connectivity and computational performance of two data- based cortical circuit templates

Based on extensive experimental work two templates for the laminae-specific connectivity pattern of cortical microcircuits have recently been published. We examine their structural and computational properties and attempt to correlate those properties. To characterize structure or circuit topology we consider the distribution of network motifs as well the algebraic connectivity of the network. In order to understand the computational properties of these two templates, we have generated computer models of them, consisting of Hodgkin-Huxley point neurons with conductance based synapses that have a biologically realistic short-term plasticity. The performance is assessed using nine generic computational tasks that require accumulation and merging of information contained in two afferent spike inputs.
Official manuals vs commercial manuals : effects on expectations and user experience

Purpose: The arising popularity of commercial manuals in the market is an interesting fact to notice. To the contrary, official manuals seem to suffer from bad reputation and image problems. In order to investigate the differences between commercial manuals and official manuals, two studies were conducted. Method: An online survey about users’ expectations of the quality of the two types of manual was conducted in the first study, and an experiment regarding user experience and the effects of the perceived sources on users’ evaluation of the quality of the two manuals in the second study. Results: The results of the first study show that users held higher expectations of the perceived quality in the aspects of the language, layout, real-life connections for commercial manuals but they tended to consider the authors of official manuals as being more expert than commercial manuals’ authors. However, the second study shows that there were no significant differences found in those aspects of perceived quality between the two manuals regarding user experience in the experiment. Conclusion: The two studies show that although the perceived quality of the two types of manuals is the same, users still hold higher expectations for the commercial manuals than for the official manual especially in the language, layout and real-life connections of the manual, which indicates that official manuals have image problems.