Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Monolayer Culture of Dispersed Neural Stem Cells on the E-Cadherin-Based Substrate with Long-Term Stemness Maintenance

Neural stem cells (NSCs) play an important role in neural tissue engineering because of their capacity of self-renewal and differentiation to multiple cell lineages. The in vitro conventional neurosphere culture protocol has some limitations such as limited nutrition and oxygen penetration and distribution causing the heterogeneity of cells inside, inaccessibility of internal cells, and inhomogeneous cellular morphology and properties. As a result, cultivation as a monolayer is a better way to study NSCs and obtain a homogeneous cell population. The cadherins are a classical family of homophilic cell adhesion molecules mediating cell-cell adhesion. Here, we used a recombinant human E-cadherin mouse IgG Fc chimera protein that self-assembles on a hydrophobic polystyrene surface via hydrophobic interaction to obtain an E-cadherin-coated culture plate (ECP). The rat fetal NSCs were cultured on the ECP and routine tissue culture plate (TCP) from passage 2 to passage 5. NSCs on TCP formed uniform floating neurospheres and grew up over time, while cells on the ECP adhered on the bottom of the plate and exhibited individual cells with scattering morphology, forming intercellular connections between cells. The cell proliferation and differentiation behaviors that were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), immunofluorescence staining, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed NSCs could maintain the capacity for self-renewal and ability to differentiate into neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes after the long-term in vitro cell culture and passaging. Therefore, our study indicated that hE-cad-Fc could provide a homogeneous environment for individual cells in monolayer conditions to maintain the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation by mimicking the cell–cell interaction.
Does exogamy increase the risk of separation ? The impact of cultural dissimilarity on partnership dissolutions in Sweden 1990-2005

In this paper the connection between exogamy and partnership dissolution is analyzed using individual level register data for natives and immigrants moving to Sweden after 1968. We study both formally married and cohabiting unions, from the birth of the first child until dissolution of the partnership. Using event history models we study the impact of type of union (endogamous, exogamous with a native, exogamous with another immigrant) and cultural dissimilarity between the spouses (based on country of origin specific information on value system and majority religion) on dissolution, controlling for standard human capital and demographic characteristics of the spouses. Our main hypotheses are that exogamy increases dissolution risks, and that this effect increases with a greater cultural dissimilarity between the spouses. The results have implications not only for our understanding of union dissolution but also for the societal integration of immigrants in Western societies, and the role of union formation and partner selection in this process. Paper for session 52 (Migration and Divorce) at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, Dallas, TX, 15-18 April, 2010. This study is part of the project “Partner Choice and Career” financed by the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
Investigating honesty-humility and impulsivity as predictors of aggression in children and youth.

Among adult and adolescent populations, the personality trait of honesty-humility (HH) has been linked to aggression. For example, adults low in HH have been found to exhibit higher levels of workplace delinquency and revenge motivation, and adolescent low in HH are more likely to bully others. However, there is a paucity of research examining this relationship in children and youth, and how these relationships develop over time. The current study addressed these gaps in the literature by assessing whether HH and impulsivity are independently associated with aggression in children Grades 3 through 8 (N = 1201). Using data from the two waves of a longitudinal project, autoregressive crossed-lagged path analysis was used to examine the bidirectional relationships between HH, impulsivity, and aggression over a 1-year period. Results revealed significant bidirectional relationships between HH and aggression, such that lower scores of HH at Time 1 were associated with higher scores of aggression at Time 2 and vice versa. Similarly, higher scores of impulsivity at Time 1 were associated with higher scores of aggression at Time 2 and vice versa. In addition, these relationships were strongest in boys and at higher ages. Consistent with research in other populations, these results indicate that low HH and high impulsivity are linked to aggression in children and youth. Further, our results demonstrate that HH and impulsivity bidirectionally impact aggression as one age, suggesting a need for early intervention.
Lentinus edodes Exposure before and after Fetus Implantation: Materno-Fetal Development in Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The presence of β-glucans and phenolic compounds in Lentinus edodes suggests this mushroom can be used as a nutritional supplement. Two gestational conditions (before and after fetus implantation) were evaluated, and Lentinus edodes exposure was performed in diabetes mellitus rat model induced by streptozotocin in pre-clinical tests. Methods: On the 20th day of pregnancy, cesarean sections were performed. Blood was collected for biochemical, hematologic parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers. Placenta and amniotic fluid were collected, and fetuses were analyzed through morphological evaluation. Results: The mushroom did not reduce the severe hyperglycemia of the mother-concept but promoted an increase in maternal insulin levels; reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and total cholesterol; protected the animals from post-implantation losses. Liver damage induced by streptozotocin was reversed in experimental groups. Conclusions: Lentinus edodes mushroom has antioxidant properties that can minimize the damage caused by gestational diabetes mellitus.
Effects of electron donors and acceptors in generating bioelectrical energy using microbial fuel cells

BACKGROUND: In recent years, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as a promising technology for recovering renewable energy from waste biomass, especially wastewater. In this study, the possibility of bioelectricity generation in two chambered mediator-less microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was successfully demonstrated using fermentable and non-fermentable substrates. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two different electron acceptors have been tested in the cathode chamber for the effects of reducing agent on the power generation in MFCs. The average voltages of 0.26±0.014 V and 0.36±0.02 V were achieved with acetate using oxygen and potassium ferricyanide as reducing agent, respectively. Similarly, with glucose the average voltages of 0.256±0.05 V and 0.340±0.04 V were obtained using oxygen and ferricyanide, respectively. Using potassium ferricyanide as the reducing agent, the power output increases by 39 and 43% with acetate and glucose, respectively, as compared to the dissolved oxygen. Slightly higher coulombic efficiency (CE%) was obtained in acetate as compared to MFCs operated with glucose. The maximum power densities of 124 mW/m 2 and 204 mW/m 2 were obtained using dissolved oxygen and K3Fe(CN)6, respectively. CONCLUSION(s): This study demonstrates that power generation from the MFCs can be influenced significantly by the different types of catholyte. Relatively higher CE was obtained with K3Fe(CN)6. Thus, application of K3Fe(CN)6 as the catholyte can be vital for scaling uppower generation from the MFCs forreal time applications.
Trade Agreements and Trade Opportunities: A Flexible Approach for Modeling Australian Export and Import Elasticities

Patterns of trade have changed enormously over the last 30 years, particularly due to the economic emergence of several Asian countries. With the increasing international tendency for bilateral preferential trade agreements, it is important for countries to be aware of trade substitution possibilities. This paper estimates import and export price elasticities for Australia and its major trading partners in Europe and Asia, 1958 to 2002, using a fully flexible version of the Symmetric Normalized Quadratic aggregator function. Imports and exports are disaggregated into six regions, covering 17 countries. Our results illuminate the (changing) substitution and complementarity patterns for Australian foreign trade, highlighting trading opportunities in the face of a changing international environment.
OCCUPANT-PROOF BUILDINGS: CAN WE DESIGN BUILDINGS THAT ARE ROBUST AGAINST OCCUPANT BEHAVIOUR?

Uncertainty from occupant-related matters is typically shrugged off by building designers as beyond their control. However, evidence suggests that careful attention of designers can help prevent occupants from behaving in energy-intensive ways; not by policing their behaviour, but by improving comfort. This paper examines the concept of bidirectional robust design ‐ an attempt to design systems to be as resistant as possible to the noise of inputs ‐ as an objective. Rather than modify occupant behaviour, which has shown only modest success, robust design strives to improve buildings to cope with diverse weather conditions and occupant behaviour. An example with fixed and movable shading demonstrates that lighting energy use can be significantly reduced in both absolute and certainty terms, if designed properly. Finally, some robust building design approaches are discussed.
The Influence of Principal Managerial Competency toward Teachers Productivity with Mediation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Interpersonal Communication

This research was aimed at determining the influence of principal managerial competency toward teachers productivity with mediation of Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Interpersonal Communication in State Vocational High School (SMK) South Tapanuli, North Sumatera. This research was mix research. Instruments were questionaire, interview, observation and documentation. The sample was 175 teachers by using simple random sampling with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and AMOS program assistance. The findings showed that principal managerial competency has positif and significant effect on teacher productivity, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication has positif and significant effect on teacher productivity and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has positif and significant effect on teacher productivity.
Evaluation One Year after DAIR Treatment in 91 Suspected Early Prosthetic Joint Infections in Primary Knee and Hip Arthroplasty

Introduction: Early recognition and appropriate initial treatment with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) if a suspicion of an early prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is present can eradicate infection on first attempt and prevent implant failure. We evaluated the outcome after 1 year of patients treated with DAIR after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). Furthermore, we determined preoperative, microbiology, and treatment factors related to failure after DAIR. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was assembled with 91 patients undergoing DAIR with a high suspicion of an early PJI. Records were reviewed for demographics, preoperative laboratory results, microbiological data, given treatment and postoperative follow-up. The primary outcome was infection-free implant survival at 1 year. Repeated DAIR was not considered as treatment failure. Results: The rate of infection-free implant survival following DAIR in a suspected early PJI was 85% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 78-91). Cultures remained negative in 20 patients, with no occurrence of infection during follow-up. A higher failure rate was seen in early PJI caused by Enterococcus faecalis (p=0.04). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between treatment failure and high C-reactive protein level (CRP >100) (odds ratio 10.0, 95% CI [1.5-70]) and multiple DAIR procedures (≥2) (odds ratio 5.0, 95%CI [1.1-23]). Conclusion: If an early PJI is suspected DAIR is the appointed treatment with up to 2 debridement procedures. Since culture-negative DAIRs were not related to any complications during follow-up, overtreatment of suspected PJI seems to do no significant harm with respect to implant failure.
Professional ambivalence among care workers: The case of doula practice

Doulas are non-medical, privately paid caregivers to women during pregnancy and childbirth, who have entered the maternity care field in recent decades. In a hospital setting, doulas offer women emotional and physical support that supplements clinical care. Drawing on focus groups and interviews with eight doulas working in one Atlantic Canadian city, along with Abbott and Merrabeau’s analysis of the professionalization of ‘caring’ occupations, I consider how doulas navigate the uncertain terrain of their emerging occupation. In general, the work performed by care workers is viewed as an extension of the work women perform in the domestic sphere, for which they are understood to be ‘naturally’ talented. As a result, ‘caring’ occupations need to find ways to emphasize the value of their role and justify the need for adequate pay. While traditional processes of professionalization appear to offer a solution, the credentials associated with being a ‘profession’ – a monopoly over a field and a distinct body of (scientific) knowledge – may not be relevant when evaluating the quality of care provision. I argue that doulas hold ambivalent perspectives towards the nature of their training, the requirements of certification and ‘appropriate’ interactions with clients due to the broader tension between care work and professional ideology.
Application of SMES unit to improve the performance of wind turbine conversion system

of WTGs during voltage sag [4-10]. Although it is a less power quality problem, voltage swell may also lead to the disconnection of WTGs from the grid. In this paper, The Spain voltage ride through (VRT) and the VRT of US codes shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively [11] are used to comply with the DFIG during voltage swell at the grid side. The voltage ride through of Spain grid code at the point of common coupling (PCC) shows that the maximum voltage ride through is 130% of the nominal voltage for a duration up to 0.5 s in which after the maximum allowable voltage level is limited to 120% for the next 0.5 s. 1 s after the fault occurrence, voltage level must be in the range of 110%-90%. Voltage profile at the PCC has to be in the range of the safety margin shown in Fig. 2 to prevent the disconnection of wind turbine. When the voltage profile is outside the VRT shown in Fig. 2, the wind turbines have to be disconnected from the grid. For high voltage ride through according to US code shown in Fig. 3, voltage must be limited to 120% for maximum duration of 1 s and drops by about 3.3 % every 1s until reaching 4 s from fault occurrence.
Developing a Decision Tool to Evaluate Unmanned System's Command and Control Technologies in Network Centric Operations Environments

— Expert systems that evaluate new Command and Control (C2) technologies are necessary to determine their adequacy for Network Centric Operations (NCO) missions. New technologies for complex C2 NCO scenarios are currently being developed. However, little has been done to evaluate these new technologies for specific sets of mission requirements. There is neither a standard methodology to evaluate these new technologies, nor a research environment to test these technologies under realistic assumptions. This paper will introduce an expert system that will help decision makers evaluate these technologies and determine whether they can transition into practical applications for the Navy, and under which limitations.
Bimodal Right Ventricular Dysfunction After Postnatal Hyperoxia Exposure: Implications for the Preterm Heart.

INTRODUCTION Rats exposed to postnatal hyperoxia develop right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, mild pulmonary hypertension, and dysregulated cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis when aged to 1 year, with the degree of cardiac dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension similar to that previously described in young adults born preterm. Here, we sought to understand the impact of postnatal hyperoxia exposure on RV hemodynamic and mitochondrial function across the lifespan. METHODS Pups from timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to normoxia or hyperoxia (FIO2 0.85) exposure for the first 14 days of life, a commonly used model of chronic lung disease of prematurity. RV hemodynamic and mitochondrial function were assessed by invasive measurement of RV pressure-volume loops and by high-resolution respirometry at postnatal day 21 (P21), P90, and P365. RESULTS At P21, hyperoxia-exposed rats demonstrated severe pulmonary hypertension and RV dysfunction, accompanied by depressed mitochondrial oxidative capacity. However, significant upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis at P21 as well as improved afterload led to complete RV hemodynamic and mitochondrial recovery at P90. Mitochondrial DNA mutations were significantly higher by P90, and associated with significant late RV mitochondrial and hemodynamic dysfunction at P365. CONCLUSION There appears to be a "honeymoon period" where cardiac hemodynamic and mitochondrial function normalizes following postnatal hyperoxia exposure, only to decline again with ongoing aging. This finding may have significant implications if a long-term pulmonary vascular screening program were to be developed for children or adults with a history of severe prematurity. Further investigation into the mechanisms of recovery are warranted.
Foodborne Transmission of Deformed Wing Virus to Ants (Myrmica rubra)

Virus host shifts occur frequently, but the whole range of host species and the actual transmission pathways are often poorly understood. Deformed wing virus (DWV), an RNA virus described from honeybees (Apis mellifera), has been shown to have a broad host range. Since ants are often scavenging on dead honeybees, foodborne transmission of these viruses may occur. However, the role of the ant Myrmica rubra as an alternative host is not known and foodborne transmission to ants has not been experimentally addressed yet. Here, we show with a 16-week feeding experiment that foodborne transmission enables DWV type-A and -B to infect M. rubra and that these ants may serve as a virus reservoir. However, the titers of both plus- and minus-sense viral RNA strands decreased over time. Since the ants were fed with highly virus-saturated honeybee pupae, this probably resulted in initial viral peaks, then approaching lower equilibrium titers in infected individuals later. Since DWV infections were also found in untreated field-collected M. rubra colonies, our results support the wide host range of DWV and further suggest foodborne transmission as a so far underestimated spread mechanism.
Characterization of standardized breath sampling for off-line field use

Due to several sources of potential variability associated with exhaled breath bag sampling procedures for off-line analysis, the Respiration Collector for in vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampler was developed. Although designed to improve upon several pitfalls of sampling with exhaled breath bags, the ReCIVA remains a minimally studied research tool. In this manuscript, several attributes of the ReCIVA sampler are investigated among three individual tests, such as background contamination, control software version, performance of different adsorbent tubes, duplicate sample production, and comparison to exhaled breath bags. The data shows greater than a 58% reduction in background siloxanes can be achieved with submersion of ReCIVA masks in ethyl alcohol or baking the masks at a high temperature (200 °C). The results illustrate the ReCIVA control software version plays a key role in the flow rates applied to thermal desorption (TD) tubes. Using exhaled isoprene as a representative analyte, the data suggest duplicate samples among ReCIVA pump banks can be achieved using two different thermal desorption tubes, Tenax TA and Tenax/Carbograph 5TD, when using an updated control software and manually calibrating the ReCIVA pumps to uniform flow rates (Tenax p = 0.3869, 5TD p = 0.3131). Additionally, using the updated control software and manual ReCIVA flow calibration, the data suggest the ReCIVA can produce statistically similar results among TD tube types (p = 0.3824) and compared to standard exhaled breath bags (p = 0.1534). Collectively, these results establish a method for manually calibrating the flow of the ReCIVA device to allow for the most consistent results. These data support further experimentation into the use of the ReCIVA sampler for exhaled breath research.
Use of Licensed Vocational Nurses in California Schools: A Descriptive Study

The demand for schools to provide complex health-care services for students with chronic conditions has induced districts to hire licensed vocational nurses (LVNs). Questions remain about how overlapping responsibilities and skills of nursing staff works to facilitate care. The purpose of this mixed-methods descriptive study was to examine the use of LVNs to identify factors related to the supports and impediments to school nurse (SN) practice. The sample consisted of members of the California School Nurse Organization, and methodologies consisted of an online survey and one-on-one interviews. LVNs perform duties within their scope of practice, allowing SNs time for activities related to the Framework for 21st Century School Nursing PracticeTM, confirming appropriate use, and alignment with National Association of School Nurses guidance on the utilization of LVNs. Identified areas of concern included role definition and orientation and supervision of the LVN. Insights into best practices for the effective addition of the LVN to the team are provided.
Linear decompositions of cognitive achievement gaps a cautionary note and an illustration using Peruvian data

Developmental gaps between children of different socioeconomic backgrounds emerge early and persist over time. Cognitive skill formation is a cumulative process and, thus, all relevant influences that took place until the time skill is measured can play role in shaping these gaps. Linear decompositions based on the Oaxaca-Blinder technique are a fairly common way of estimating the contribution of two or more categories of variables to these differences in cognitive achievement. Two prominent examples of these categories are family and school influences. In this regard, the literature exhibits no consensus in terms of decomposition strategy and interpretation of its components, as well as a tendency to separate home and school influences by assigning all observed household, family and child characteristics to the first category. I argue this can lead to misleading policy implications and to biases in the estimated contributions of the categories. This analysis seeks to contribute to the literature in two ways. First, it formally explores the potential for biases in the decomposition exercises attempted so far. Second, it offers an alternative decomposition strategy consistent with explicit behavioural assumptions regarding the determination of skill inputs. This prevents arbitrary choices in terms of decomposition technique, its components and interpretation, and also makes the analysis less prone to biases. I illustrate empirically the main points of the analysis employing a rich dataset that contains longitudinal information on cognitive test scores, family and school characteristics, to decompose the cognitive skill gap observed, at age 8, between urban and rural children in Peru.