Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of supplements of crop residues based diets on the performance of steers grazed on natural pasture during the dry season

Twenty-four White Fulani steers, 20-26 months old, mean initial live weight of 270.6 ± 0.5kg, were divided into three treatment groups to investigate the effects of crop residues supplementation on performance when grazed on natural pasture during the dry season in the central zone of Delta State, Nigeria. The treatments were (1) forage + groundnut shell (GNS) supplement, (2) forage + cassava peels (CaP) supplement and (3) grazing on forage only. All animals were grazed on natural pasture during the five months dry season period (November 1994 – March 1995). Body weight change, body condition scores (BCS), nutrient digestibility coefficient and economic benefits were the parameters investigated. Body weight changes were 6.3 ± 1.5, 8.4 ± 0.8 and 3.6 ± 1.2kg, for steers on treatments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Live weight gain was better (P<0.05) in treatments 1 and 2. However, live weight gain was much better (P<0.05) in CaP steers than GNS steers. Nutrient digestibility coefficients by steers on treatments 1, 2 and 3 followed the pattern observed in live weight gain. Supplemented steers had higher (P<0.05) digestibility coefficients than steers that grazed forage only. Digestibility values between treatments 1 and 2 were also different (P<0.05) from each other. The profit margin of supplemented steers was above those steers that grazed only. Socio-economically, it was advantageous to supplement steers with crop residues when grazing on natural pasture in the dry season. Results of this trial demonstrated that steers can maintain their live weight by grazing on natural pasture. However, supplementation with crop residue diets improved live weight gain, BCS and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients during the dry season. Finally, the ability of the steers on grazing only to maintain their live weight during the period demonstrated the nutritional significance of available natural pasture in the central zone of Delta State, Nigeria during the dry season.
Validation of Affect-tag Affective and Cognitive Indicators

The Affect-tag solution measures physiological signals to deliver indicators derived from cognitive science. To provide the most accurate and effective results, a database of electrodermal activity (EDA) signals acquired using the Affect-tag A1 band was created. An experimental paradigm was designed to measure action-taking, autonomic regulation, cognitive load (CL), emotions, and stress, affects, and social stress. The Affect-tag emotional power (EP), emotional density (ED), and CL affective and cognitive indicators were refined based on the physiological responses of 48 participants during these tasks. Statistical significance was obtained for all indicators in tasks they were designed to measure, resulting in a total accuracy score of 89% for the combined indicators. Data obtained during this study will be further analyzed to define emotional and affective states.
Comparing Math LD Diagnostic Rates Obtained Using LDAC and DSM-5 Criteria: Implications for the Field

Within the Canadian context, the two major learning disability classification systems are arguably the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the Learning Disabilities Association (LDAC) of Canada’s Official Definition of Learning Disabilities. Several of the more recent changes to the fifth edition of the DSM contrast with the LDAC definition, which establishes them as competing diagnostic frameworks. We investigated the frequency of math learning disability identification when both the LDAC and DSM-5 criteria were modelled and applied to an archived data set (2011–2016). Results support generally similar percentages of math learning disability cases identified when employing LDAC or DSM-5 criteria; however, the two methods identified a different set of cases. Implications for using DSM-5 versus LDAC criteria in diagnosing learning disabilities are discussed, including the need to consider adopting a national diagnostic standard.
Exploring Elastoplastic Constitutive Law of Microstructured Materials Through Artificial Neural Network—A Mechanistic-Based Data-Driven Approach

In this paper, a data-driven approach for constructing elastoplastic constitutive law of microstructured materials is proposed by combining the insights from plasticity theory and the tools of artificial intelligence (i.e., constructing yielding function through ANN) to reduce the required amount of data for machine learning. Illustrative examples show that the constitutive laws constructed by the present approach can be used to solve the boundary value problems (BVPs) involving elastoplastic materials with microstructures under complex loading paths (e.g., cyclic/reverse loading) effectively. The limitation of the proposed approach is also discussed.
Multilevel Security Network Communication Model Based on Multidimensional Control

To solve the problems associated with the application of multilevel security to actual networks, such as flexibility, availability, security, and secure communication, this study proposes a multilevel security network communication model based on multidimensional control. In the model, access control is retained on the basis of security labels. In addition, relational restraints among protection domains, credibility degree restraints of subjects on security attributes, aggregation inference control restraints, and secure tunnel control restraints are introduced and applied. Thus, secure information exchange within a multilevel security network information system is ensured. Moreover, using this model, multilevel security virtual networks with logical and independent characteristics can be built to accomplish secure interconnection and communication between nonequivalent members, thereby reducing the probability of information leakage. Finally, the security of the model is confirmed by applying the nontransitive, noninterference theory, and the typical application of the model in actual networks is described.
Efecto genético del aislamiento geográfico de la liebre negra (Lepus insularis), endémica de Isla Espíritu Santo, Baja California Sur, México

This research assessed the degree of genetic divergence between Lepus insularis and L. californicus xanti from the Baja California Peninsula as a consequence of the geographical isolation of the former using allozymic analyses. Results were compared and contrasted with the similar biogeographical condition for the taxon pair L. c. sheldoni, from Carmen Island, and L. c. martirensis, from the northern range of the Peninsula. Heart and kidney tissues were used to obtain 26 loci by the conventional protein electrophoresis technique with starch gels. Estimations of genetic variability with the software BIOSYS showed that L. c. xanti was the most variable population while in contrast L. insularis was poorly variable. Research data confirmed a clear genetic divergence between L. insularis and L. c. xanti supporting the notion that geographical isolation in Baja California islands may slow or limit gene flow contributing to losses of genetic variation that leads to genetic differentiation.
Species‐Specific Regulation of the α‐2(I) Procollagen Gene by Proximal Promoter Elements

Transcriptional regulation of the human α 2(I) procollagen proximal promoter involves the interaction of trans‐acting factors at the inverted CCAAT box (G/CBE) located at position ‐ 80 and an adjacent GGAGGCCC‐box at ‐ 70. Both these elements have previously been shown to be essential for activity of the human promoter. This study investigated nucleotide differences at three sites (‐74, ‐ 72 and ‐ 71) between the human and mouse promoters that were sufficient to abolish trans‐acting factor binding with the mouse sequence (GGAGACGT). Two distinct DNA‐protein interactions were detected on the human ‐ 107/ + 54 promoter fragment while a single interaction was observed at the equivalent mouse promoter. One of these factors is the CCAAT‐binding factor (CBF) and it's binding was observed on both the human and mouse promoters. Although the GGAGGCCC DNA‐binding element was not detected on the mouse promoter, GGAGGCC‐binding proteins were present in mouse nuclear extracts as observed by their interaction with the human promoter. Functional analysis of the human and mouse ‐ 343/ + 54 and ‐ 107/+ 54 promoter regions revealed significant differences between species; the human constructs having higher activity than the mouse. The differences in promoter activity between species may in part be a result of the nucleotide differences in the GGAGGCCC‐box. Mutations in this region of the human ‐ 107/+ 54 promoter prevented DNA‐protein interaction and lowered promoter activity. These results support the hypothesis that the GGAGGCCC‐box in the human α 2(1) procollagen promoter has a regulatory function and that there exists a species‐specific difference in transcription factor binding and regulation of the gene. IUBMB Life, 57: 363‐370, 2005
Linear Relationships Between Yield, Quality and Phenological Traits of Strawberry Cultivars

The great economic importance attributed to strawberry cultivation raises the interest in cultivars of high productivity and superior fruit quality. The quality of fruit is the most impacting factor for the strawberry marketing, but selecting genotypes that combine high production and high fruit quality has been a difficult task. The objective of this study was to determine the linear relationships between phenological, quality and production variables of strawberry aiming at identifying potential variables for indirect selection in future selection processes of strawberry genotypes. A trial was conducted in a randomized block design with two cultivars and two transplant origins, grown in four types of substrate. Fifteen variables, including phenological, productive and fruit quality-related variables were assessed. The selected variables explained 45.2 and 39.1 % for PC1 and PC2 respectively, totaling 84.3 % of the total variance of the variables in the PCA, and indicated important relationships between the variables, and a path analysis revealed success for indirect selection of total mass of fruits based on the total number of fruits (0.81413). Changes in crop management that reduces the period between planting date and full flowering may be an alternative to increase the production of strawberry and provide fruits with higher quality.
Review of Soils on the 52 ha Long Term Ecological Research Plot in Mixed Dipterocarp Forest at Lambir, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Much of the structural, floristic and dynamic variation in the hyperdiverse dipterocarp forest on the 52 ha long term ecological research plot at Lambir, Sarawak, is associated with soil differences, as indicated by topography, labile topsoil nutrients, and humus. This review expands the edaphic characterisation of the plot by collation of published and unpublished data on soil morphology, physical properties and non-labile nutrients. Topographically the plot consists of two dipslopes at different elevations with a steep and unstable intervening scarp. Sandstone underlies the main upper dipslope and shale the lower, and the scarp has mixed clastic sedimentary lithology. Most of the dipslope soils are moderately developed Red Yellow Podzolics (Acrisols/Udults). They are of medium depth, with thin topsoils and reddish yellow blocky subsoils that become redder, finer textured, firmer and blockier with depth. Textures vary with lithology, and range from loamy sand over sandy loam on sandstone to silty clay over clay on shale. The scarp has shallower, stonier and less horizonated Skeletal soils (Cambisols/Inceptisols). All of the soils are very acid, and have low contents of all labile nutrients. Contents of non-labile forms of P are low and those of Ca extremely low, but K and Mg are moderate. All nutrients are significantly lower in sandstone soils than on shale. The differences are more pronounced for non-labile than labile forms and in subsoils than topsoils. Ratios of mineral nutrient are stoichiometrically typical for Red Yellow Podzolics on clastic sediments, and differ from morphologically similar soils on other parent materials. The ecologically significant reserves of K and Mg are attributed to small but sustained replenishments by mica weathering.
A Catastrophe Model for Water Bloom Prediction: A Case Study of China's Lake Chaohu

ABSTRACT Using a case study of Lake Chaohu, the fifth largest lake in China, we constructed a cusp model for water bloom prediction that used TP (total phosphorus), T (temperature), Chla (chlorophyll-a), and DO (dissolved oxygen). These four parameters were assumed to be the most important factors in eutrophication and water bloom of the lake. The model was found to be accurate, because its relative error was around 10%. What is more convincing, according to the catastrophe discriminant of the cusp model, it could be judged that a discontinuous jump of the aquatic ecosystem occurred in July 2004, in Lake Chaohu. This conclusion is consistent with the fact that water blooms arose in August 2004. The cusp model also showed satisfactory precision when applied to forecast the eutrophication trend and prediction of water bloom in Lake Chaohu in 2005. The case study found that water bloom brought on by eutrophication can be fit and predicted by a catastrophe model. We suggest that catastrophe models would be a constructive approach to forecast and judge the outbreak of water bloom in lakes. In addition, by constructing and studying such catastrophe models, lake managers would be able to simulate the effects of different protection and mitigation projects and enrich the scientific basis for the optimization of these projects as well.
Simultaneous DC-Link and Stator Current Ripple Reduction With Interleaved Carriers in Multiphase Controlled Integrated Modular Motor Drives

To meet the demand for increasingly high power density in electric drives, the concept of a so-called integrated modular motor drive has emerged. The machine is composed of multiple identical modules, which receive individual control signals for multiphase control, to reduce unwanted stator current harmonics. Each module is equipped with its own power electronic converter, which is integrated in the machine housing. This integration imposes strict constraints on the dc-link capacitor design. To reduce the dc-link current ripple, and hence relax the design constraints on the dc-link capacitor, without compromising the possibility to eliminate unwanted stator current harmonics by means of multiphase control, a new interleaving strategy is proposed in this article. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> modules of the machine are split into <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$</tex-math></inline-formula> subgroups of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula> modules for interleaving, while the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>-phase control is preserved. An analytical model, simulations and experimental results are provided for a 4 kW test setup, confirming that multiphase control can be combined with interleaving. As a result, both the stator current harmonic distortion and the dc-link current ripple can be reduced simultaneously.
GENETIC VARIATION AMONG IRANIAN ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) POPULATIONS BASED ON RAPD MARKERS

Genetic diversity among and within 10 populations of Iranian alfalfa, from different areas of Azarbaijan, Iran was analyzed by screening DNA from seeds of individual plants and bulk samples. In individual study, 10 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers produced 156 polymorphic bands and a high level of genetic diversity was observed within populations. The averages of total and within population genetic diversity were 0.2349 and 0.1892, respectively. Results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed the great genetic variation existed within populations (81.37%). These Results were in agreement with allogamous and polyploid nature of alfalfa. Cluster analysis was performed based on Nei’s genetic distances resulting in grouping into 3 clusters which could separate breeding population from other populations. Results of cluster analysis were in consistent with morphological and geographical patterns of populations. The results of bulk method were different from individual analysis. Our results showed that RAPD analysis is a suitable method to study genetic diversity and relationships among alfalfa populations. Keywords: Alfalfa; RAPD; Genetic diversity; Analysis of Molecular Variance; Cluster analysis. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjpt.v18i2. 9296 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 18: (2): 93-104, 2011 (December)
Using the diet of the barn owl (Tyto alba) as an indicator of small vertebrate abundance in the Channel Country, south-western Queensland

The diet of the barn owl (Tyto alba) was determined by analysing pellets and bulk pellet debris found in the ruins of Baryulah Homestead, south-western Queensland. Nine species of mammal, at least eight bird, five reptile and three frog species were identified. The majority of prey consisted of small mammals and was dominated by Mus musculus, which accounted for almost 40 Prey Unit percent (PU%) of all prey. Rattus villosissimus was an important secondary prey species, which, due to its comparatively large mass, contributed 21.79 PU%. Other native mammals were present in low frequency only. Reptiles (primarily geckos) were more abundant than expected, collectively contributing >15 PU%, suggesting that they were an important component of the barn owl’s diet.
Classification For Glass Bottles based on Improved Selective Search Algorithm

: The recycling of glass bottles can reduce the consumption of resources and contribute to environmental protection. At present, the classification of recycled glass bottles is difficult due to the many differences in specifications and models. This paper proposes a classification algorithm for glass bottles that is divided into two stages, namely the extraction of candidate regions and the classification of classifiers. In the candidate region extraction stage, aiming at the problem of the large time overhead caused by the use of the SIFT (scale-invariant feature transform) descriptor in SS (selective search), an improved feature of HLSN (Haar-like based on SPP-Net) is proposed. An integral graph is introduced to accelerate the process of forming an HBSN vector, which overcomes the problem of repeated texture feature calculation in overlapping regions by SS. In the classification stage, the improved SS algorithm is used to extract target regions. The target regions are merged using a non-maximum suppression algorithm according to the classification scores of the respective regions, and the merged regions are classified using the trained classifier. Experiments demonstrate that, compared with the original SS, the improved SS algorithm increases the calculation speed by 13.8%, and its classification accuracy is 89.4%. Additionally, the classification algorithm for glass bottles has a certain resistance to noise.
Simultaneous quadrotor autopilot system and collective morphing system design

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design a quadrotor with collective morphing using the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) optimization algorithm. Design/methodology/approach Quadrotor design is made by using Solidworks drawing program and some mathematical performance relations. Modelling and simulation are performed in Matlab/Simulink program by using the state space model approaches with the parameters mostly taken from Solidworks. Proportional integral derivative (PID) approach is used as control technique. Morphing amount and the best PID coefficients are determined by using SPSA algorithm. Findings By using SPSA algorithm, the amount of morphing and the best PID coefficients are determined, and the quadrotor longitudinal and lateral flights are made most stable via morphing. Research limitations/implications It takes quite a long time to model the quadrotor in Solidworks and Matlab/Simulink with the state space model and using the SPSA algorithm. However, this situation is overcome with the proposed model. Practical implications Optimization with SPSA is very useful in determining the amount of morphing and PID coefficients for quadrotors. Social implications SPSA optimization method is useful in terms of cost, time and practicality. Originality/value It is released to improve performance with morphing, to determine morphing rate with SPSA algorithm and to determine PID coefficients accordingly.
A review of the critical elements and development of real-world connected vehicle testbeds around the world

ABSTRACT Concerning the critical role of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) in tackling the problem of traffic congestion, and enhancing the safety, mobility and sustainability of the transport network, this paper provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in Connected Vehicle (CV) technology, its features and terminology. The real-world implementation of the CV technologies can result in a better understanding of the practical and technical issues. Given the technical and conceptual challenges, as well as novelty factors associated with CVs, many CV pilot studies around the world are reviewed, and their findings are summarized. The paper contributes to the literature by reviewing the characteristics, communication platform, multimodality, size and type of study areas of the pilot CV testbeds across the world. This research also paves the way for the better development of CV technology by comparing and discussing the pros and cons of the existing CV pilot testbeds. Moreover, we have discussed the evaluation plans and the advantages and disadvantages of different testbeds. Besides, as a main component of the CV system, the traffic signal control algorithms, as well as transit signal priority in a CV ecosystem, are also reviewed. Based on our findings, the real-time data obtained from the CV system could result in a better adjustment of traffic signal parameters which consequently enhance the traffic regulation in the network (say up to 30% in terms of travel time in comparison with an actuated coordinated traffic signal). However, a major criticism of the existing traffic signal strategies in a CV system is that they do not utilize the maximum capability of the CV system (V2 V, V2I and I2I communications).
An Efficient Medium for High Protein Production in the Insect Cell/Baculovirus Expression System

Previously, we have described a serum‐free insect cell culture medium, referred to as Efficient Medium for Insect Cell Growth (EMICG) (Ferrance et al., 1993 ) . The medium supports cell growth to a high density and minimizes the formation of metabolic byproducts (e.g., ammonia and alanine) due to a tight coupling of energetic and biosynthetic demands. In this paper, we examine the ability of EMICG to support infection and recombinant protein production. Cells were infected with and without medium replacement at various densities with MOI values in the range 0.008–8. The experimental results revealed that the production of β‐galactosidase (model recombinant protein) was substantially higher (1.5–2.6‐fold) in the EMICG cultures than the commercial SF‐900 II medium. Moreover, β‐galactosidase levels achieved in EMICG are higher than those reported in the literature using other commercial media. Results of experiments in which medium was replaced at the time of infection indicate that the enhanced productivity may be due to lower production of toxic by‐products in EMICG.