Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From guardians to democrats? Attempts to explain change and continuity in the civil–military relations of post-authoritarian Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines

Abstract This article explores the role the military has played in the democratization processes of three ‘young democracies’ (Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines) in Southeast Asia. The issue of democratization vis-à-vis the armed forces is even more relevant for Southeast Asia as a region with historically powerful militaries and long traditions of political interventions and rampant human rights abuses. While Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines have historically struggled with deep entrenchments of the military – not only in the political arena, but also within the bureaucracy and the economy – their respective militaries played very different roles within democratization processes. The Indonesian military remained politically neutral after the fall of Suharto, the Philippines witnessed various failed coup attempts by mid-ranking officers, while the Thai military played a key role in the termination of democracy through a coup in 2006. The dominant literature on democratization tries to explain the different outcomes of democratization processes to democracy mainly by focusing on elite choices, new norms and values, shifts in conjunctural situations, the unraveling of the institutional structures of authoritarian regimes and the formation of new, democratic institutional structures. Likewise research on civil–military relations in new democracies has pointed to behavioral change, successful structural reforms (downsizing of the military, capacity-building, withdrawing the military from politics) and civilian leadership in defense and security matters as decisive factors for establishing civilian supremacy. Yet none of these factors fully explains why Indonesia's armed forces remained politically neutral after the fall of Suharto, while Thailand's generals launched a coup in 2006. To answer this question more general political dynamics of democratization processes need to be examined, especially with regard to the formation of new alliances of differing social forces and their impact on traditional power structures, in order to understand continuity and/or change in the military's attitudes towards democracy.
Systematic observation of time-dependent phenomena in the RF output spectrum of high power gyrotrons

At KIT, high power gyrotrons of conventional cavity (e.g. 1 MW CW at 140 GHz for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X) and coaxial cavity type (2 MW short-pulse at 170 GHz for ITER) for fusion applications are being developed and verified experimentally. Especially with respect to the problem of parasitic RF oscillations in the beam tunnel of some W7-X tubes, investigations of the gyrotron RF output spectrum have proved to be a valuable source of diagnostic information. 1 Transient effects in ms pulses, like frequency switching or intermittent lowfrequency modulation, have indicated that truly time-dependent measurements would be favorable over the existing exclusively spectrum-based system. 2 In this paper, an improved measurement system is presented, which employs a fast oscilloscope as receiver instead. Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is applied to the time-domain signal, yielding time-variant spectra (“spectrograms”, “waterfall diagrams”) with frequency resolutions only limited by acquisition length. Typical reasonable resolutions are in the range of 100 kHz to 10 MHz with a memorylimited maximum acquisition length of 4 ms. A key feature of the system consists in the unambiguity of frequency measurement: The system receives through two parallel channels, each using a harmonic mixer (h = 9-12) to convert the signal from RF millimeter wave frequencies (full D-Band, 110-170 GHz) to IF (0-2 GHz). For an IF output signal of each individual mixer, injection side and receiving harmonic are not known. Using accordingly determined LO frequencies, this information is retrieved from the redundancy of the channels, yielding unambiguously reconstructed RF spectra with a total span of twice the receiver IF bandwidth, up to 4 GHz in our case. Using the system, which is still being improved continuously, various transient effects like cavity mode switching, parasitic oscillation competition, low-frequency modulation and general frequency dependence on external values (Ucath, Ibeam) have been documented and will be presented.
Interpretatie en gebruik van feedback uit het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem : een exploratief onderzoek naar de interpretatie en het gebruik van feedback uit het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem door leerkrachten, intern begeleiders en schoolleiders van basisscholen

Het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem is een computergestuurd systeem dat bedoeld is om scholen te attenderen op zwakke punten in hun prestaties door middel van afname van toetsen bij leerlingen. Het vermoeden bestaat echter dat scholen de feedback van het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem niet altijd goed interpreteren en gebruiken. In de voorliggende studie is onderzocht of de feedback uit het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem goed begrepen wordt door scholen en wat zij met deze feedback doen. Hierbij zijn de in de literatuurstudie ontwikkelde theoretische kaders getoetst aan de praktijk. Voor het onderzoek zijn vier basisscholen bezocht en zijn interviews en vragenlijsten afgenomen bij IB-ers, schoolleiders en leerkrachten. Er blijkt veel verbetering mogelijk te zijn. Een aantal verbeterpunten zijn: meer uitleg bij figuren van het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem, betere telefonische hulp, specifiekere feedback over de onderdelen waarbij leerlingen achterblijven, meer aandacht voor het Cito leerlingvolgsysteem in de vooropleiding en meer stimulans door schoolbesturen. Scholen zouden zelf ook meer tijd kunnen nemen om resultaten te analyseren en goede hulp aan leerlingen te bieden.
The SDSS-IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations at Redshift of 0.72 with the DR14 Luminous Red Galaxy Sample

The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 14 sample includes 80,118 luminous red galaxies (LRGs). By combining these galaxies with the high-redshift tail of the BOSS galaxy sample, we form a sample of LRGs at an effective redshift z = 0.72, covering an effective volume of 0.9 Gpc3. We account for spurious fluctuations caused by targeting and by redshift failures, which were validated on a set of mock catalogs. This analysis is sufficient to provide a 2.5% measurement of spherically averaged baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), Mpc, at 2. 8σ of significance. Together with the recent quasar-based BAO measurement at z = 1.5 and forthcoming emission line galaxy–based measurements, this measurement demonstrates that eBOSS is fulfilling its remit of extending the range of redshifts covered by such measurements, laying the groundwork for forthcoming surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Survey and Euclid.
Novel Protocol to Manage Peri-implantitis

Peri-implantitis is characterized by an inflammatory reaction that affects the hard and soft tissue, which results in loss of supporting bone and pocket formation surrounding the functioning osseointegrated implant. This short communication proposes new protocols for management of periimplantisis. The non-surgical approach involves the mechanical surface debridement using carbon or titanium currettes, laser light, and antibiotics whereas, the surgical approach involves implantoplasty, elevation of mucoperiosteal flap and removal of peri-inflammatory granulation tissue followed by surface decontamination and bone grafting.
Double sampling with regression in comparative studies of carcass composition

The expense of complete dissection limits replication in studies of carcass composition of large meat producing animals. This paper examines a method of improving the precision of treatment comparisons by making less expensive measurements on additional experi­ mental animals. Problems of estimation and hypothesis testing are considered and the distribution of a test statistic is examined by simulation. The allocation of resources between direct and concomitant measurements is discussed.
Nonradial oscillations of anisotropic neutron stars in the Cowling approximation

One of the most common assumptions in the study of neutron star models and their oscillations is that the pressure is isotopic, however there are arguments that this may not be correct. Thus in the present paper we make a first step towards studying the nonradial oscillations of neutron stars with an anisotropic pressure. We adopt the so-called Cowling approximation where the spacetime metric is kept fixed and the oscillation spectrum for the first few fluid modes is obtained. The effect of the anisotropy on the frequencies is apparent, although with the present results it might be hard to distinguish it from the changes in the frequencies caused by different equations of state.
Testing for a S ingle F actor M odel in the M ultivariate S tate S pace F

The dynamic factor model proposed by Stock and Watson (1989) has been widely used in that it can express the behaviour of a large set of variables using a small number of factors. This model has been especially useful in macro economics and financial econometrics. See Stock and Watson (2005) for more recent development of dynamic factor models. As far as I know, most of research has addressed the estimation of the model, and relatively less attention has been paid to hypothesis testing.
A lightweight hybrid encryption technique to secure IoT data transmission

Internet of Things(IOT) is the rising innovation without bounds is required to associate billions of devices. IoT is the future where many low power resources and constrained devices are connected by means of the internet for communication, compute process and take actions in the communication network. The increased number of communication is relied upon to produce heaps of information and the security of information can be a threat resulting a secure solution for communication is necessitates among heterogenous devices. Focus of the work is to provide confidentiality, authentication and integrity of data in transit between IoT edge devices and back-end systems. This paper proposes a lightweight hybrid encryption system using ECDH key exchange mechanism for generating keys and establishing connection, digital signature for authentication, thereafter AES algorithm for encryption and decryption of user data file. The proposed combination is referred to as “three way secured data encryption mechanism” which interpret all the 3 protection schemes of authentication, info security and verification with the characteristics of lower calculation cost and faster speed makes it robust for hackers to crack the security system, thereby protective data in transmission.
Can a knowledge-based cluster be created? The case of the Barcelona 22@district

The aim of this paper is to track the location decisions of knowledge-intense firms in a redeveloped urban district in the city of Barcelona in which government policy has promoted the formation of a cluster of knowledge-based activities. After decades of economic and industrial stagnation in a district called Poblenou, in the year 2000 the City Council of Barcelona implemented a plan to renew the area�s urban and economic structure. Under the development plan, knowledge-based firms were encouraged to set up in the area creating a cluster of advanced activities. This paper examines the success of this local policy and aims to determine whether cluster amenities have played a part in attracting knowledge-based activities. First, we evaluate the cluster implementation via a differences-in-differences analysis comparing the increase in the number of knowledge-based firms in this specific area with the increase of this kind of firm elsewhere in the city and the metropolitan area. Second, to test whether cluster amenities are determinant factors for the location of knowledge-based firms, we perform a multivariate regression analysis explaining intra-city firm location at the ZIP code level. Data about new firms come from a business-census that contains detailed information about location determinants of these firms as well as their characteristics.
Evaluation of a Brief Intervention to Prevent Initiation into Injecting

Background: strategies to prevent initiation of non-injectors into injecting are rare. A brief intervention with this aim, offered to current injecting drug users (IDUs), has been evaluated. Methods: baseline behavioral and attitudinal data were collected using structured interviews with 86 IDUs. Participants were re-interviewed immediately after the intervention and at 3-month follow-up (n = 73). Results: it was feasible to deliver the intervention, which was acceptable to both drug users and drug workers. IDUs' disapproval of initiating non-injectors significantly increased after the intervention. Participants injected in front of fewer non-injectors in the subsequent 3 months (falling from 97 to 49). Requests for initiation fell from 36 to 15 and the number of people initiated dropped from 6 to 2. Conclusions: these results, the cheapness and ease With which such an intervention can be delivered, suggest that by incorporating such interventions into drug work it may be possible to reduce the number of .
Continuing deflation by fumaroles at Kuju Volcano, Japan

A phreatic eruption occurred at Kuju Volcano in October 1995. We deployed an EDM network around the active craters of the volcano just after the eruption. Slope distances of the survey lines in the northern network have tended to contract, whereas those in the southern one extended. The maximum contraction observed in the northern network was 70 cm over 6 years. A spherical volume decrease just beneath a fumarolic area called Iwoyama 700 m north of the new craters is a plausible model for these changes in slope distances. A noteworthy feature is that over 6 years after the phreatic eruption ended, the deflation rate is still approximately linear. We also estimated the thermal energy discharge by fumaroles in the new craters, which proved to be well correlated with the observed deflation rate. It is strongly suggested that deflation of a geothermal reservoir, not any magmatic effect, causes the ground deformation around Iwoyama.
State-of-the-Art in Abrasive Water Jet Cutting Technology and the Promise for Micro- and Nano-Machining

A long time ago, nature proved that even the hardest engineering materials change their shape and form when water is applied to them. The new shape formed by this phenomenon can be both valuable and/or attractive. In modern industry, water cutting technology is divided into two groups. Water jet cutting technology, which is cutting with pure water and abrasive water jet cutting technology, which uses water embedded with fine abrasive particles. Clean water jet cutting technology is suitable for “soft engineering materials” for instance paper, wood, textiles, food and plastic. It is extensively used technology in industries to cut almost everything from frozen chickens to one-use diapers. On the other hand, when “hard engineering materials” need to be cut, the addition of fine abrasive particles such as garnet allows one to cut almost any engineering material whether it be marble (as used in Al-Masjid Al-Haram, The Holy Mosque, in Makkah, KSA) or tool steel, and in thickness up to 200 mm. In this review paper, the primary objective is to highlight the state-of-the-art of the abrasive water jet cutting technology and the promise for micro- and nano-machining in modern industry.
Finite Element Numerical Method for Nonlinear Interaction Response Analysis of Offshore Jacket Affected by Environment Marine Forces

In this paper a nonlinear response of a fixed offshore platform under the combined forces of waves, wind and sea currents is presented. Wave force acting on the elements is calculated using Morison equation. Hydrodynamic loads on horizontal and vertical tubular members and the dynamic response of offshore fixed platform coupled with distribution of displacement, axial force, and bending moment along the base of the platform for regular and severe cases have been investigated. The structure must be able maintain production in a one-year wave return period condition and also to be able to continue with one hundred-year storm return period. The results of this study show that bending moment values with a one-year wave return period condition for the base platform and junction of platform to deck are 70 percent and 59 percent, respectively more than bending moment with a one-year wave return period. The direction of wave and wind hit has significant effects on the shift platform response, also nonlinear response is important for the safe design and operation of offshore structures.
Evaluation of the Circulation Patterns in the Black Sea Using Remotely Sensed and in Situ Measurements

The objective of the present work is to provide an overview of the general circulation features in the Black Sea basin. In order to achieve this, 18 years (1993-2010) of satellite data coming from the Aviso website were analyzed. A description of the general circulation patterns in the Black Sea is first presented. This is followed by statistical analyses of the satellite data in 20 points covering the entire area of the sea. The reference points were chosen as follows: 12 points along the Rim cyclonic current, 3 points inside the Rim cyclonic current, 4 points on the edge of two of the biggest anticyclonic gyres outside the Rim current and one point in the northwestern shelf area of the basin. Rose graphics were drawn for the reference points for winter and summer time. Finally, 9 years of in situ data obtained from the Gloria drilling platform were analyzed and compared with the satellite data. The present study shows that most of the reference points are sensitive to seasonal changes. The current velocities depend mostly on the points location: the points located on the Rim current and on the nearshore anticyclonic eddies present higher values than the ones located in or outside the general circulation features.
A gallery of bubbles. The nature of the bubbles observed by Spitzer and what ATLASGAL tells us about the surrounding neutral material

Context. This study deals with infrared bubbles, the H ii regions they enclose, and triggered massive-star formation on their borders. Aims: We attempt to determine the nature of the bubbles observed by Spitzer in the Galactic plane, mainly to establish if possible their association with massive stars. We take advantage of the very simple morphology of these objects to search for star formation triggered by H ii regions, and to estimate the importance of this mode of star formation. Methods: We consider a sample of 102 bubbles detected by Spitzer-GLIMPSE, and catalogued by Churchwell et al. (2006; hereafter CH06). We use mid-infrared and radio-continuum public data (respectively the Spitzer-GLIMPSE and -MIPSGAL surveys and the MAGPIS and VGPS surveys) to discuss their nature. We use the ATLASGAL survey at 870 μm to search for dense neutral material collected on their borders. The 870 μm data traces the distribution of cold dust, thus of the dense neutral material where stars may form. Results: We find that 86% of the bubbles contain ionized gas detected by means of its radio-continuum emission at 20-cm. Thus, most of the bubbles observed at 8.0 μm enclose H ii regions ionized by O-B2 stars. This finding differs from the earlier CH06 results (~25% of the bubbles enclosing H ii regions). Ninety-eight percent of the bubbles exhibit 24 μm emission in their central regions. The ionized regions at the center of the 8.0 μm bubbles seem to be devoid of PAHs but contain hot dust. PAH emission at 8.0 μm is observed in the direction of the photodissociation regions surrounding the ionized gas. Among the 65 regions for which the angular resolution of the observations is high enough to resolve the spatial distribution of cold dust at 870 μm, we find that 40% are surrounded by cold dust, and that another 28% contain interacting condensations. The former are good candidates for the collect and collapse process, as they display an accumulation of dense material at their borders. The latter are good candidates for the compression of pre-existing condensations by the ionized gas. Thirteen bubbles exhibit associated ultracompact H ii regions in the direction of dust condensations adjacent to their ionization fronts. Another five show methanol masers in similar condensations. Conclusions: Our results suggest that more than a quarter of the bubbles may have triggered the formation of massive objects. Therefore, star formation triggered by H ii regions may be an important process, especially for massive-star formation. Appendices are only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda. org
Ante-mortem diagnosis of rabies in cows and buffaloes.

The current study was carried out to compare the conventional diagnostics for the diagnosis of rabies with advanced diagnostic technique. Ante-mortem diagnosis of rabies in cows and buffaloes is described using newer molecular technique and conventional methods for the detection of rabies virus RNA from saliva samples. Saliva samples from animals at different time intervals were collected and tested for rabies virus using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). Results obtained by RT-PCR (1-2 days required) were easy, non-laborious, satisfactory and can be applied in replacement of routine laboratory test i.e. Mouse inoculation test (21 days required) for ante-mortem diagnosis of rabies virus from saliva.
Expanding Test-Retest Designs to Include Developmental Time-Lag Components

Test-retest data can reflect systematic changes over varying intervals of time in a "time-lag" design. This article shows how latent growth models with planned incomplete data can be used to separate psychometric components of developmental interest, including internal consistency reliability, test-practice effects, factor stability, factor growth, and state fluctuation. Practical analyses are proposed using a structural equation model for longitudinal data on multiple groups with different test-retest intervals. This approach is illustrated using 2 sets of data collected from students measured on the Woodcock-Johnson—Revised Memory and Reading scales. The results show how alternative time-lag models can be fitted and interpreted with univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data. Benefits, limitations, and extensions of this structural time-lag approach are discussed.
THD Reduction and Power Quality Improvement in Grid Connected PV System

In this paper an MPPT technique is applied in grid connected PV system to harness maximum available power available from sun. The shortcomings of current inverter functions which link PV systems to the utility network are becoming transparent as PV penetration levels continue to increase. In this paper an analysis of solar system connected with the grid has been done. The system is subjected with two types of perturbations, i.e. variable load and the variable irradiance level which changes the output of the solar system. The design, modeling, and analysis of a gridtied PV system are performed in the MATLAB software simulation environment. Solar cell works on the principle of photo voltaic effect, which has nonlinear voltage and current characteristics. These characteristics are improved with the help of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. MPPT controller helps to feed the inverter with maximum power from the solar system. Results indicate that in the presence of grid disturbances the inverter can react dynamically to help restore the power system back to its normal state. A harmonic analysis was also performed indicating the inverter under study met the applicable power quality standards for distributed energy resources. KEYWORD : photovoltaic system, maximum power point tracking, power quality improvement, total harmonic distortion