Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tsunami simulation using particle method

Tsunami is a natural disaster that have resulted in dreadful damages over time. Extensive researches have been conducted to scrutinize and counteract the natural hazard using three major research components which are: field monitoring, laboratory tests, and numerical methods. However, laboratory tests are high-priced and arduous. Numerical simulation overcomes these drawbacks and can be utilized in collaboration with laboratory tests. Recently, newly introduced meshless Lagrangian particle method called Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) has gained attention. In this paper, SPH method has been employed to simulate tsunami. A SPH code is developed from scratch. To validate the code, a traditional dam break simulation is conducted. Lastly, a tsunami model is simulated using the developed SPH code and compared with past experimental data. The results indicate that the code is in accordance with previous experimental data and numerical simulation. Whereby, there’s been a slight deviation arises in tsunami simulation. The velocity of the code is relatively less to that of the experimental data. Such inconsistencies could emerge due to a number of reasons, i.e. the choice of the SPH parameters and model simplification. Generally, the developed SPH code had a satisfactory performance to model tsunami and dam-break problem.
TRUSTORE: IMPLEMENTING A TRUSTED STORE FOR ANDROID

University of Trento, Trento, 38100, Italyzhauniarovich, gadyatskaya, crispo@disi.unitn. itAbstract. In the Android ecosystem, the process of verifying the in-tegrity of downloaded apps is left to the user. Di erent from other sys-tems, e.g., Apple App Store, Google does not provide any certi ed vettingprocess for the Android apps. This choice has a lot of advantages butit is also the open door to possible attacks as the recent one shown byBluebox [35]. To address this issue, we present how to enable the de-ployment of application certi cation service, we called TruStores, for theAndroid platform. In our approach, the TruStore client enabled on theend-user device ensures that only the applications, which have been cer-ti ed by the TruStore server, are installed on the user smartphone. Weenvisage trusted markets (TruStore servers, which can be, e.g., corporateapplication markets) that guarantee security by enabling an applicationvetting process. The TruStore infrastructure maintains the open natureof the Android ecosystem and requires minor modi cations to Androidstack. Moreover, it is backward-compatible and transparent for devel-opers, and does not change the application management process on adevice. In the paper we present the TruStore architecture and report theimplementation details of the client part.
Numerical analysis of smoke layer stability

The EGSISTES project is a global reflection about risk and dangerous phenomena relative to underground infrastructures. One category of risk identified for such an infrastructure is the fire and its consequences in terms of temperature and smoke propagation. In some situations, smoke stratification is used to ensure safety of people located inside the tunnel. In such a case, it must be ensure that smoke stay stratified even in the case of an aerodynamic perturbation such as a jet fan or vehicles presence. Two ways enable the improvement of the understanding of smoke behaviour in underground infrastructure: experiments and numerical approach. Both strategies are used complementary during the project. Experiments are achieved in the INERIS fire gallery while two CFD codes, FDS and Phoenics, based on two different approaches for turbulence modelling, are used. The first step consists in a comparison between experimental and numerical results on a configuration given as a reference. This reference case was chosen as the backlayering smoke layer establishment and stability. The numerical objective was to reproduce the length and thickness of this layer. After having shown that both codes should predict with a quite good accuracy the backlayering length, those two codes are used to study the influence of perturbation on the stratification stability. This study shows firstly that a jet located upstream the backlayering smoke layer tends to modify the smoke layer front but influences slightly the smoke layer near the fire. Secondly, in case of the presence of vehicles downstream the fire in a congested tunnel, the stratification is not altered just above vehicles but can be altered downstream these obstacles.
Differences in the electromyography activity of a roundhouse kick between novice and advanced taekwondo athletes

Aim. The aim of this study was to determine differences in muscular activation and the moment of maximum electromyography amplitude preand post-impact of the roundhouse (bandalchagui) kick between novice and advanced taekwondo athletes. Method. Sixteen taekwondo competitors (four women) were categorized according to years of practice into novice (n = 8, < 3 years of experience) and advanced athletes (n = 8, > 3 years of experience). The soleus, tibialis anterior, lateral gastrocnemius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles were analyzed with surface electromyography. The variables of muscle activation and the moment of maximum electromyography amplitude were expressed as a percentage with respect to the maximum voluntary isometric contraction and the kick cycle, respectively. The effect size was calculated with Cohen’s d and a significance level of p < . 05 was established. Results. The results showed differences in the percentage of activation of soleus, rectus and biceps femoris for the pre-impact phase between novice and advanced athletes (p <.05; d >.5). Post-impact differences between groups were observed for the vastus medialis (p =.041; d =.761). The moment of maximum electromyography amplitude reflected differences in both phases for biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles (p <.05; d >.5). Conclusion. Differences in electromyography activity by years of experience among taekwondo athletes were observed, which could be considered for training control. © Idōkan Poland Association “IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 18, no. 1(2018), pp. 31–38 DOI: 10.14589/ido.18. 1.5
Stuck in First Gear: The Case of German Political "Blogosphere"

Germanyis a technologically advanced democracy with free media and high levels of literacy, yet political blogging has not developed as rapidly inGermanyas in theUnited Statesor other European democracies such asFranceandPoland. Using data obtained from in-depth interviews with 28 leading national and regional political bloggers in Germany in spring 2011, this study identifies a complex combination of factors that these bloggers say have impacted the emergence of political blogging in Germany: fears associated with Internet technologies; hostility of traditional news media toward blogs; continued trust of the population in traditional news media, notably public broadcasting; and legal challenges faced by political bloggers.
Capitalism, Inequality, and Globalization: Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century

Abstract: Thomas Piketty’s empirical work is extremely impressive, but his theoretical paradigm is flawed; even within that paradigm his conclusions do not stand up to scrutiny. A reduction in steady-state growth rate g, when workers and capitalists have different saving propensities, must lower the rate of return on capital r and the difference r – g proportionately; it cannot raise r – g and hence wealth inequalities, as Piketty suggests. The currently observed growing wealth inequality, expected to worsen in the future, is better explained by the fact that, instead of full employment obtaining universally, world labor reserves remain unexhausted despite output growth; consequently, world real wage rates do not increase as labor productivity rises, raising the share of surplus in world output, and hence income and wealth inequality within each country, and in the world as a whole. Wealth taxation to rectify this would arouse fierce capitalist resistance; the mass mobilization needed to overcome it would place on the agenda a more far-reaching program for going beyond the existing system.
Competition and innovation with horizontal R&D spillovers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend a theoretical framework for analyzing competition and innovation in the presence of horizontal spillovers. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical analysis approach is adopted to drive the paper’s findings. Findings It is shown that when firms behave non-cooperatively in both the R&D and production stages, the degree of spillover has a negative relationship with the effective and respective R&D expenditures of each firm as well as the level of social welfare. An inverted-U relationship between competition and social welfare also holds. When firms behave cooperatively in the R&D stage, and non-cooperatively in the production stage the relationship between the R&D expenditure of the joint research lab and the number of firms in the market is negative. Originality/value In the literature on R&D spillovers and process innovation, efforts are mostly focused on the comparative R&D expenditures and the relative social welfare between non-cooperative and cooperative R&D. The question of the effectiveness of R&D technology on the optimal number of firm, however, is not explicitly addressed. The paper is intended to address this lacuna.
EXPLORING THE STRUCTURE OF DESIGN PROBLEMS

In this paper we will concentrate on exploring a subject that has been much neglected in Design Methodology: the structure of design problems. Design problems have been called ‘ill-structured’ or even ‘wicked’, but very little effort has been made to describe what ‘weak’ structure they have. This is an important subject, because this ‘weak’ structure must play a part in a designers’ decision to tackle a design problem in one way or the other. In a theoretical investigation we describe what we can find in Design Methodology about the structure of design problems. This will focus on the descriptions of design problems as ‘illstructured problems’, as ‘underdetermined problems’ and on the way design problems are treated within the two paradigms of design methodology. Then we develop an approach to the study of design problems, that takes the situated nature of design problems into account. A method for the empirical study of the structure of design problems is outlined, based on linkography.
Identification of the Equilibrium Exchange Rate Pass-Through Effect in Cointegrated VAR with an Application to the Euro area

The exchange rate pass-through is of considerable importance for policy makers in open economies. Based on work of Johansen (2002) this paper develops the conditions for the identification of equilibrium pass-through effect in cointegration framework. In addition, I specify the restrictions for testing the perfect equilibrium pass-through. The method is illustrated on the Euro area data and the pass-through effect of the Euro effective exchange rate. The results show that conditional on the type of economic shocks that lead to a permanent change in the exchange rate, the equilibrium pass-through effect can be both very low and high. DOI: 10.15458/85451.35
An Overview on Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU): Mini Review

Diabetes is a major disease which is widespread throughout the world. It is a condition in which the glucose level in the blood increases. The increase in blood glucose level is due to insufficient secretion of insulin in body. Insulin is a protein secreted by pancreas into the body, it makes use of sugar from carbohydrates in the food and store glucose for future. There are three types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2 and gestational diabetes. In type 1 diabetes insulin is not produced, in type 2 diabetes insulin is produced by not effectively used and gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, the hormones block the insulin. The cause of diabetes is not known exactly till now, it may be due to some factors like obesity, lack of exercise, genetic factors etc. Some of the signs of diabetes include frequent urination, fatigue, excessive hunger and thirst, blurry vision, slow healing wounds etc. The other complications of diabetes include nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, heart disease and limb amputations. There is no cure for diabetes but can be controlled by proper diet and regular exercise. In this review we are going to discuss about diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), which is a major threat to diabetic patients. DFU is mainly caused due to vascular and neuropathic complications. The neuropathic complications lead to complete loss of sensation in foot and leg, this condition is known as diabetic neuropathy. The improper blood flow leads to ulceration. The diabetic foot ulcers are difficult to heal as the wound does not get enough nutrients or oxygen from blood, leading to the risk of lower limb amputation. Both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms play a vital role in DFU. Let us now see in detail about diabetic foot ulcer.
A heterotrophic desert stream? The role of sediment stability

In autumn 1998 stream metabolism was measured in the Hassayampa River, Arizona, a Sonoran Desert stream, using single-station diel oxygen curves and an oxygen mass balance model. Oxygen consumption rates of parafluvial and channel sediments were determined with respiration chambers. Bedload of channel sediments (sand) prevented significant primary production by benthic autotrophs, despite favorable nutrient, light, and temperature conditions. Ecosystem respiration was relatively low (1.50 g O 2 m -2 d -1 ) and presumably fueled by production in the riparian zone and riverine marshes. Respiration rates in the parafluvial zone and in channel sediments ranged from 0.6 to 1.4 g O 2 m -3 sediment h -1 . Sediment organic matter (ash-free dry mass) was 4.0 ± 1.8 kg m -3 sediment and did not significantly differ between the channel and the parafluvial zone. Results indicate that heterotrophic processes may dominate the metabolism of desert stream segments over extended periods of time if unstable sandy bed sediments prevail.
Remote surface damage detection on rotor blades of operating wind turbines by means of infrared thermography

Abstract. Wind turbines are constantly exposed to wind gusts, dirt particles and precipitation. Depending on the site, surface defects on rotor blades emerge from the first day of operation on. While erosion increases quickly with time, even small surface defects can affect the performance of the wind turbine. Consequently, there is demand for an easily applicable remote monitoring method for rotor blades that is capable of detecting surface defects at an early stage. In this work it is investigated if infrared thermography (IRT) can meet these requirements by visualizing differences in the thermal transport and the corresponding surface temperature of the wall-bounded flow.Firstly, a validation of the IRT method compared to stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements is performed comparing both types of experimental results for the boundary layer of a flat plate. Then, the main characteristics of the flow in the wake of generic surface defects on different types of lifting surfaces are studied both experimentally and numerically: temperature gradients behind protruding surface defects on a flat plate and a DU 91-W2-250 profile are studied by means of IRT. The same is done with the wall shear stress from Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations of a wind turbine blade. It is consistently observed, both in the experiments and the simulations, that turbulent wedges are formed on the flow downstream of generic surface defects. These wedges provide valuable information about the kind of defects that generate them. At last, experimental and numerical performance measures are taken into account for evaluating the aerodynamic impact of surface defects on rotor blades. We conclude that the IRT method is a suitable remote monitoring technique for detecting surface defects on wind turbines at an early stage.
What Comes Down Must Go Up: The Migration Cycle of Juvenile-Return Anadromous Taxa

e migration cycle of juvenile-return anadromous (a.k.a. amphidromous) taxa is overviewed using the goby Sicydium punctatum as representative. e first migration, a physiologically obligate drift to the sea, has a cost of extreme mortality, frequently exceed- ing 0.5/h, e"ectiv ely a 1-h half-life. Stream drift may be the most hazardous known natural habitat. A nest sited 5 km upstream reduces larval drift survival to 0.5 5 = 0.0313 or is 97% lower than a downstream nest. e conservation implication is strong: the lower reaches are disproportionately important for population maintenance. Mortality implies two new metrics for conservation and for understanding evolution of habitat choice: the mainstay habitat and point of expatriation. e second migration is oceanic, of which little is known beyond its duration until return to freshwater (recruitment), but salinity choice experiments demonstrated a requirement for intermediate salinities. Consistent with that and with oth- ers' stable isotope work, observations suggest that the combination of rain and onshore wind creates intermediate-salinity habitats on windward coasts of high islands. e third migration is the upstream migration of juveniles and adults. Drift (first migration) mortality, however, has strong implications for adult habitat choice: it challenges the notion that this goby can be successful by migrating far upstream because that entails a large reproductive penalty. e as- sumption that populations can be maintained through conservation of adults at high altitude or far from the sea is challenged.
THE ROLE OF USER REQUIREMENTS RESEARCH IN MEDICAL DEVICE DEVELOPMENT

Aims and Objectives: This research aims to suggest a concise framework to help in the better conceptualisation and integration of users in the medical device development (MDD) process. The current economic, political and social climate concerning the matter of healthcare delivery has resulted in the emergence of numerous users and user groups for whom the healthcare system has not previously catered for. These users have created ambiguity for the designers and manufacturers of medical devices as the boundaries between their needs and requirements have blurred, outdating current methods of MDD to meet consumer needs. Research Design and Methodology: The research methodology begins primarily with conducting a literature search on the theories relating to user requirements and medical device development. The paper outlines these findings through initially describing users and user involvement and relating them to medical devices. The cross-disciplinary nature of healthcare influenced the investigation into multiple disciplines including; IT, Ergonomics – particularly participatory research, Psychology and Design. These disciplines expose various methods and processes, which are useful to user requirements research. These methods were analysed for their compatibility, and then used to construct a conceptual framework for user involvement in MDD. Results: The research insinuates the true significance of user involvement and hence resulted in the formation of a conceptual framework to aid user involvement in the MDD process. The framework is produced by the amalgamation of relevant methods examined across the disciplines, in a complimentary fashion. Conclusion: The originality of this research lies in its use of a multidisciplinary approach. Previous research claiming multi-methods has dealt with combining two disciplines or methods at a time i.e. Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) with participatory research (Scandurra et al, 2008) for the needs analysis of healthcare professionals only. Collaboration across disciplines has also been investigated (Johnson et al, 2005), but this was for the purpose of redesign rather than initial designs. This framework can help medical device designers to fully access all user requirements through more extensive collaboration right at the start. It reduces the risk of high costs involved in device rejection, usually associated with belated recognition of user needs in the design cycle.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) From Hatchery and Dhaura Reservoir of Uttarakhand by Using Microsatellite Markers

Molecular markers find application in aquaculture to assess loss of genetic variation in hatcheries through, comparison of variation estimates between hatchery stocks and wild counterparts. The information is useful obtained in monitoring farmed stocks against International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 1432-1442 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
AC 2007-2548: FACTORS INFLUENCING ENGINEERING FACULTY’S USE OF TABLET PCS

This paper reports on a study of Tablet PC (TPC) usage by twenty engineering faculty members at a large land-grant university in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The purpose of this study is to explore how engineering faculty choose to use TPCs, the faculty’s perceptions of TPC use, and the factors related to the faculty’s use of TPCs in engineering classrooms. The faculty are volunteers, representing eleven different engineering disciplines. The authors applied both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify the factors that influence TPC use. The research findings reveal that the percent of class time in which the TPC is used is significantly correlated with the faculty’s perceived ease of use (r=.429, p<.05), perceived usefulness (r=.454, p<.05), and self-efficacy in TPC use (r=.520, p<.05). Individual interviews with the faculty support the relationships found in the correlational analysis. Possible explanations for these findings are presented and discussed.
Scalable Dynamic Multi-Agent Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Consensus in Permissioned Blockchain

The permissioned blockchain system has recently become popular in a wide range of scenarios, such as artificial intelligence, financial applications and the Internet of things, due to its dominance in terms of distribution, decentralization, reliability and security. However, the Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (PBFT) algorithm, which is currently adopted in such systems, sparks communication bottlenecks when the number of consensus nodes increases sharply, which seriously hinders large-scale applications. In this paper, we propose a scalable dynamic multi-agent hierarchical PBFT algorithm (SDMA-PBFT), which reduces the communication costs from O(n2) to O( n × k × log k n ). Specifically, SDMA-PBFT forms multiple autonomous systems at each agent node in which message multicasting can be efficiently carried out and the internal voting results can be effectively collected. Therefore, the design of these agent nodes facilitates the in-and-out operations of consensus nodes in the blockchain system. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm substantially outperforms the PBFT algorithm in terms of latency. Hence, it can be applied to the permissioned blockchain system effectively and efficiently.