Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does an acute pain service improve the perception of postoperative pain management in patients undergoing lower limb surgery? A prospective controlled non-randomized study

Background and Aim: An acute pain service (APS) has been running in our institute since April 2013 and is managed by the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care. However, it is not clear to what extent the patients feel benefited from the APS. The aim of the study was to compare the perception of postoperative pain management in patients receiving care under APS with those receiving routine postoperative pain relief following lower limb surgery. Material and Methods: This was a prospective, hospital-based, controlled non-randomized study. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades I–III patients with age 18–75 years undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery were prospectively recruited into APS (index group) or routine postoperative care (control group) (n = 55 each). Postoperatively, American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised (APS-POQ-R) and Short Form (SF-12) were used to evaluate the outcome of postoperative pain management at 24 h and health-related quality of life after 4 weeks respectively. Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic data. Patients in the index group had statistically significant better perception of care than the control group. Index group scored significantly higher than control group on median patient satisfaction score (9; interquartile range [IQR] [7–10] vs. 5 [3–6]; P < 0.001). In index group, there was significant reduction of worst pain in first 24 h along with decreased frequency of severe pain. Conclusion: Implementation of acute pain service plays an important role in improving the quality of postoperative pain relief, perception of care, and patient satisfaction.
The number of visits to the nest by parents is an accurate measure of food delivered to nestlings in Tree Swallows

Abstract The number of visits parents make to their nest during chick rearing is a commonly used measure of the amount of food delivered to nestlings and an index of the quality of parental care. Use of the number of visits for these purposes assumes that parents feed nestlings when they visit and that there are no systematic differences in the amount of food delivered on each visit. These assumptions were tested in Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) breeding in nest boxes near Ithaca, New York. Video observations of parents inside their nest boxes showed that parents feed nestlings on 95–98% of visits to the nest. An average visit delivered 18.1 insects with a total dry mass of 24.1 mg, usually to a single nestling. Although females visited more frequently, the load they carried on each visit was not different than that carried by males. Load size did not differ with nestling age, brood size or the date of the feeding. Overall, there were few systematic differences in load size among nests. Therefore, the number of visits to the nest is a good measure of food delivery and parental care in Tree Swallows.
Some investigations of the responses of Quercus robur and Ekebergia capensis embryonic axes to dehydration and cryopreservation.

Recalcitrant seeds are those that are shed at high water contents, are actively metabolic throughout development, when they are, and remain, desiccationsensitive, and may also be chilling sensitive. These properties preclude their conventional storage. Because recalcitrant seeds lose viability rapidly (within a few days to several months depending on the species) the long-term storage of their germplasm is achievable only by cryopreservation [i.e. storage at very low temperatures, generally in or over, liquid nitrogen at -196°C or -150°C, respectively. Generally the seeds are far too large to be cryostored, thus explants most conveniently, excised zygotic embryonic axes are used. As the axes of recalcitrant seeds are highly hydrated, specific pre-treatments prior to freezing have to be applied in order to avoid lethal ice crystal formation. During the course of this study, cryopreservation protocols were developed for excised zygotic embryonic axes of two different species (Quercus robur L. and Ekebergia capensis Sparrm.). Surface-sterilisation regimes were tested for axes of both species, with the use of a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution containing a wetting agent, emerging as the best. For both species, the vigour and viability of axes, assessed by in vitro germination performance, was tested after the implementation of four different rates of desiccation (achieved by a laminarairflow; silica-gel-; f1ashand fast f1ash-drying). The most rapid dehydration rate (fast flash-drying) facilitated the best germination rates (vigour) for both Q. robur
Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Abdominal Wall

Abstract Merkel-cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare skin malignancy seen in elderly males. It is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for localized disease with adjuvant radiation depending on the locoregional extent, while chemotherapy has a role in metastatic disease. Emerging data from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors look promising. We report a case of MCC in an elderly male diagnosed and treated with chemotherapy and radiation, with a review of the literature of this rare malignancy.
Anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody for cytokine storm in COVID-19

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to cause severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome which may lead to death. Several treatments have been tested in the race to find a treatment regimen for this deadly viral infection. Tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, has been used and found to be beneficial in patients with COVID-19 and in cytokine storm. We present the case of a young, otherwise healthy male, presenting with COVID-19 and successfully treated in the intensive care unit with tocilizumab.
Intracanopy Lighting Influences Radiation Capture, Productivity, and Leaf Senescence in Cowpea Canopies

Traditional overhead lighting of dense crop stands in controlled environments favors development of upper leaf layers to maximize interception of light incident at the top of the foliar canopy. The resultant mutual shading of lower leaves in the understory of the canopy can severely limit productivity and yield of planophile crops. Intracanopy lighting alleviated the effects of mutual shading in dense, vegetative stands of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp ssp. unguiculata) growing in a controlled environment by sustaining irradiance within the understory throughout develop- ment of this edible-foliage crop. For an overhead lighting system, photosynthetic photon flux ( PPF) in the understory was reduced to 1% of its initial value by 35 days of growth. PPF in an intracanopy-lighted stand remained within 30 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 of initial values throughout the 50-day cropping period. Spectral distribution of radiation within the intracanopy-lighted stand also remained relatively constant throughout canopy development. In the overhead-lighted stand, violet and blue radiation in the understory decreased as much as 60% from initial values. Stability of the radiation environment within the intracanopy-lighted stand delayed leaf senescence 27 days beyond when interior leaves of the overhead-lighted canopy began to turn yellow on day 16. The intracanopy-lighted stand produced twice as much edible biomass per unit electrical energy consumed by lamps as for the overhead-lighted system. The treatment differences were due to the continuous presence of understory irradiation when using intracanopy lighting but not when using overhead lighting, and they underscore the importance of the entire foliar canopy in realizing the full productivity potential of dense crop stands in controlled environments.
PLASMID PROFILE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT BACTERIA IN SACHET WATER SAMPLES SOLD IN ABEOKUTA, SOUTHWEST, NIGERIA.

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates obtained from sachet water from Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated. a¤? A total of 300 sachet water samples were collected during the dry and rainy season of 2011 to 2012. Selected physicochemical analysis of the sachet water showed a pH range of 5.5-6.5, turbidity of 1.0 «¤? 1.5 NTU and temperature of 28-30 0 C. The mean aerobic mesophilic bacterial count of the sachet water samples ranged from 13.4 x 10 3 «¤? 18.7 x 10 3 CFU/mL, while the mean total coliform count ranged from 0.153 - 0.163 x 10 3 CFU/mL. The physicochemical parameters of the sachet water samples were within the WHO standard for potable water. Bacteria isolated from sachet water samples include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the isolates were highly sensitive to Levoxin and Ceftazidime. Plasmid analyses revealed that there were detectable plasmids in 7.1% of the 14 multi-drug resistant isolates. Cured plasmid encoded resistant isolates were susceptible to Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Gentamycin, Augmentin and Streptomycin.
Attend, Translate and Summarize: An Efficient Method for Neural Cross-Lingual Summarization

Cross-lingual summarization aims at summarizing a document in one language (e.g., Chinese) into another language (e.g., English). In this paper, we propose a novel method inspired by the translation pattern in the process of obtaining a cross-lingual summary. We first attend to some words in the source text, then translate them into the target language, and summarize to get the final summary. Specifically, we first employ the encoder-decoder attention distribution to attend to the source words. Second, we present three strategies to acquire the translation probability, which helps obtain the translation candidates for each source word. Finally, each summary word is generated either from the neural distribution or from the translation candidates of source words. Experimental results on Chinese-to-English and English-to-Chinese summarization tasks have shown that our proposed method can significantly outperform the baselines, achieving comparable performance with the state-of-the-art.
Multi-Domain Named Entity Recognition with Genre-Aware and Agnostic Inference

Named entity recognition is a key component of many text processing pipelines and it is thus essential for this component to be robust to different types of input. However, domain transfer of NER models with data from multiple genres has not been widely studied. To this end, we conduct NER experiments in three predictive setups on data from: a) multiple domains; b) multiple domains where the genre label is unknown at inference time; c) domains not encountered in training. We introduce a new architecture tailored to this task by using shared and private domain parameters and multi-task learning. This consistently outperforms all other baseline and competitive methods on all three experimental setups, with differences ranging between +1.95 to +3.11 average F1 across multiple genres when compared to standard approaches. These results illustrate the challenges that need to be taken into account when building real-world NLP applications that are robust to various types of text and the methods that can help, at least partially, alleviate these issues.
Zero-shot Text Classification via Reinforced Self-training

Zero-shot learning has been a tough problem since no labeled data is available for unseen classes during training, especially for classes with low similarity. In this situation, transferring from seen classes to unseen classes is extremely hard. To tackle this problem, in this paper we propose a self-training based method to efficiently leverage unlabeled data. Traditional self-training methods use fixed heuristics to select instances from unlabeled data, whose performance varies among different datasets. We propose a reinforcement learning framework to learn data selection strategy automatically and provide more reliable selection. Experimental results on both benchmarks and a real-world e-commerce dataset show that our approach significantly outperforms previous methods in zero-shot text classification
Low-Resource Generation of Multi-hop Reasoning Questions

This paper focuses on generating multi-hop reasoning questions from the raw text in a low resource circumstance. Such questions have to be syntactically valid and need to logically correlate with the answers by deducing over multiple relations on several sentences in the text. Specifically, we first build a multi-hop generation model and guide it to satisfy the logical rationality by the reasoning chain extracted from a given text. Since the labeled data is limited and insufficient for training, we propose to learn the model with the help of a large scale of unlabeled data that is much easier to obtain. Such data contains rich expressive forms of the questions with structural patterns on syntax and semantics. These patterns can be estimated by the neural hidden semi-Markov model using latent variables. With latent patterns as a prior, we can regularize the generation model and produce the optimal results. Experimental results on the HotpotQA data set demonstrate the effectiveness of our model. Moreover, we apply the generated results to the task of machine reading comprehension and achieve significant performance improvements.
Identification of Selected Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Two Different Wastewater Treatment Plant Systems in Poland: A Preliminary Study

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem worldwide. The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance determinants have led to an increasing concern about the potential environmental and public health endangering. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role in this phenomenon since antibacterial drugs introduced into wastewater can exert a selection pressure on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Therefore, WWTPs are perceived as the main sources of antibiotics, ARB and ARG spread in various environmental components. Furthermore, technological processes used in WWTPs and its exploitation conditions may influence the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance determinants’ elimination. The main aim of the present study was to compare the occurrence of selected tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes in raw influent and final effluent samples from two WWTPs different in terms of size and applied biological wastewater treatment processes (conventional activated sludge (AS)-based and combining a conventional AS-based method with constructed wetlands (CWs)). All 13 selected ARGs were detected in raw influent and final effluent samples from both WWTPs. Significant ARG enrichment, especially for tet(B, K, L, O) and sulIII genes, was observed in conventional WWTP. The obtained data did not show a clear trend in seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of selected resistance genes in wastewaters.
The utilization of food by sheep and cattle

1. The utilization of the energy of the same ration by sheep and by cattle was measured using three steers and three sheep in twenty-one and twentyfour experiments, respectively. Five different amounts of the ration were given to each steer and six different amounts to each sheep. 2. No differences of any magnitude were found in the percentage losses of dietary energy in faeces, in urine or as methane if comparisons were made at comparable nutritional levels. Faecal energy losses increased and urine energy losses and methane production fell with increase in feeding level, the feeding level being defined as the ratio of food intake to that required to attain an energy retention of zero. 3. The net availability of metabolizable energy for maintenance was the same in both species at 80·4%. The net availability of energy for the production of fat was 53·5 ± 1·4 in sheep and 51·4 ± 2·6 in cattle. 4. The results are discussed in relation to the effect of the amount of food given on the utilization of its energy. It is pointed out that net energy per unit of food declines with increasing intake, due firstly to a decline in digestibility and secondly to the fact that oxidative processes operative at and below maintenance are more efficient processes than is the synthesis of fat.
Beneficial effects of Trichoderma secondary metabolites on crops

Selected microbial strains used as active ingredients of biopesticides for agricultural management practices (e.g., IPM, Integrated Pest Management) are known for their ability to control phytopathogens, promote plant growth, and/or induce disease resistance. Microbes belonging to the Trichoderma genus are considered as an appropriate example of beneficial microbes and are model organisms to study plant–microbe interactions. Several Trichoderma strains are marketed as biocontrol agents and are known to increase plant growth, stress tolerance, and nutrient availability. These effects have sometimes been related to the production of effector metabolites that beneficial microbes produce during the interaction with plant and other microbes. Secondary metabolites (SMs) comprise different classes of natural compounds with low molecular weight and having numerous biological roles, especially in the interactions among organisms. Metabolomic analysis of the interactions between plants, phytopathogens, and beneficial fungi aided in the identification of several bioactive fungal SMs that positively affect plant metabolism. Some of these compounds showed direct activity against phytopathogens, but also increased disease resistance by triggering the plant defence system, and/or enhanced vegetative growth. A new generation of bioformulations based on microbial metabolites and living consortia responsible for the desired beneficial effects on crops may overcome the difficulties associated with the use of a single living microbial strain.
Improving Chinese Word Segmentation with Wordhood Memory Networks

Contextual features always play an important role in Chinese word segmentation (CWS). Wordhood information, being one of the contextual features, is proved to be useful in many conventional character-based segmenters. However, this feature receives less attention in recent neural models and it is also challenging to design a framework that can properly integrate wordhood information from different wordhood measures to existing neural frameworks. In this paper, we therefore propose a neural framework, WMSeg, which uses memory networks to incorporate wordhood information with several popular encoder-decoder combinations for CWS. Experimental results on five benchmark datasets indicate the memory mechanism successfully models wordhood information for neural segmenters and helps WMSeg achieve state-of-the-art performance on all those datasets. Further experiments and analyses also demonstrate the robustness of our proposed framework with respect to different wordhood measures and the efficiency of wordhood information in cross-domain experiments.
Towards end-2-end learning for predicting behavior codes from spoken utterances in psychotherapy conversations

Spoken language understanding tasks usually rely on pipelines involving complex processing blocks such as voice activity detection, speaker diarization and Automatic speech recognition (ASR). We propose a novel framework for predicting utterance level labels directly from speech features, thus removing the dependency on first generating transcripts, and transcription free behavioral coding. Our classifier uses a pretrained Speech-2-Vector encoder as bottleneck to generate word-level representations from speech features. This pretrained encoder learns to encode speech features for a word using an objective similar to Word2Vec. Our proposed approach just uses speech features and word segmentation information for predicting spoken utterance-level target labels. We show that our model achieves competitive results to other state-of-the-art approaches which use transcribed text for the task of predicting psychotherapy-relevant behavior codes.
A NEW SPECIES OF WHIP-SPIDER (PHRYNICHIDAE: AMBLYPYGI) FROM ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

A new species of whip-spider (Phrynichidae: Amblypygi) is described from Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India. Phrynichus andhraensis sp. nov. is compared with the known Indian species Phrynichus phipsoni Pocock. The new species has small body, yellowish-brown in colour, darker on carapace, closely granular on dorsum of carapace, abdomen and appendages. Chelicerae and pedipalps long and slender. Pedipalp bearing 32 spines in total, the distitibiae of IV leg with 33 trichobothria. Other morphological details of the new species are also given.
Evaluating the egg production of broiler breeder hens in response to dietary nutrient intake from 31 to 60 weeks of age through neural network models

Faridi, A. , Golian, A. and France, J. 2012. Evaluating the egg production of broiler breeder hens in response to dietary nutrient intake from 31 to 60 weeks of age through neural network models. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 473-481. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of broiler breeder hens in terms of egg production to dietary nutrient intake. Using neural network (NN) models and breaking down the collected data from 98 commercial broiler breeder houses into 3-wk intervals, 10 NN-based models were developed from 31 to 60 wk of age. The data lines were divided into two random subsets of training (n=64) and testing (n=34) sets. The variables of interest for developing the models were metabolizable energy (ME; kcal bird-1 d-1), and crude protein (CP), total sulphur amino acids (TSAA), lysine (Lys), calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (AP), all in g bird-1 d-1. The random optimization algorithm was applied to the constructed models to find the optimal level of the input variables which maximized egg production during the different intervals. The high R 2 values in all the developed models for both the training and testing sets indicate the accuracy of NN-based models in estimating egg production. The optimization results revealed that breeder hens consuming 485, 473, 471, 466, 460, 452, 448, 442, 437 and 445 kcal of ME bird-1 d-1 showed the highest egg production during the 10 consecutive 3-wk intervals from 31 to 60 wk of age, respectively. Moreover, the optimal performance of hens required the following average intakes from 31 to 60 wk of age (g bird-1 d-1): CP: 23.7; TSAA: 1.05; Lys: 1.07; Ca: 4.91; and AP: 0.58. The results show that energy (kcal bird-1 d-1) and other nutrient requirements (g bird-1 d-1) of broiler breeder hens from 31 to 60 wk of age do not change in consort together with age; therefore using different diets with different dietary nutrient levels during the production cycle may help the nutritionists better meet the requirements of broiler breeder hens. Based on the present study, it appears that company guideline recommendations may underestimate the nutrient requirements of hens during these weeks when egg production is declining gradually.