Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
System theoretic process analysis of electric power steering for automotive applications

The automotive industry is constantly challenged with meeting and exceeding customer expectations while reducing time to market of new products in order to remain competitive. Providing new features and functionality into vehicles for customer satisfaction is becoming more challenging and driving design complexity to a higher level. Although traditional methods of Product Development Failure Mode identification such as FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) or FTA (Fault Three Analysis) have been used to analyze failures in automotive systems, there are limitations when it comes to design errors, flawed requirements, human factors implications, and component interaction accidents in which all components operated as required but the system behavior was not as expected. In order to determine if there is room for improvement in current automotive product development process, this thesis applies Dr. Nancy Leveson's Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) technique to compare and contrast with a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) approach as used in the automotive industry through a case study. A formal method of comparing results is proposed. This study found limitations with FMEA in terms of identifying unsafe interactions between systems, anticipating human error and other behaviors dependent on human interaction, identifying engineering design flaws, and producing requirements. STPA was able to find causes that had a direct relationship with those found in FMEA while also finding a portion of causes related to a higher level of abstraction of those in FMEA. STPA also found a subset of causes that FMEA was not able to find, which relate mainly to engineering design flaws and system interaction. Thesis Co-Supervisor: John Thomas Title: Research Scientist, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Thesis Co-Supervisor: Nancy G. Leveson Title: Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Engineering Systems
How do people incorporate advice from artificial agents when making physical judgments?

How do people build up trust with artificial agents? Here, we study a key component of interpersonal trust: people's ability to evaluate the competence of another agent across repeated interactions. Prior work has largely focused on appraisal of simple, static skills; in contrast, we probe competence evaluations in a rich setting with agents that learn over time. Participants played a video game involving physical reasoning paired with one of four artificial agents that suggested moves each round. We measure participants' decisions to accept or revise their partner's suggestions to understand how people evaluated their partner's ability. Overall, participants collaborated successfully with their agent partners; however, when revising their partner's suggestions, people made sophisticated inferences about the competence of their partner from prior behavior. Results provide a quantitative measure of how people integrate a partner's competence into their own decisions and may help facilitate better coordination between humans and artificial agents.
Response letter to Reviewer 1

The manuscript presents an analysis of PMIP4 simulations for the PI, MH and LIG and investigates the importance of the deﬁnition of the calendar. Although this has been done previously and the new results largely conﬁrm previous ones, this new analysis is still useful as it includes an ensemble of climate model simulations and thus allows one to test the robustness of the ﬁndings over multiple models. Reviewer, Calendar effect is a problem in paleoclimate modelling since long. To my knowledge, there are not many studies dedicating to this topic. In this manuscript, the authors investigate the calendar effect on seasonal temperature and precipitation by using the PMIP simulations of the PI, 6ka, 127ka snapshot and the 6-0ka transient experiments. The results could be informative for paleoclimate community and let pay more attention to the calendar problem. In the This paper documents in detail the calendar effects on analyses of paleoclimate simulations for the mid-Holocene (MH), the Last Interglacial (LIG) and pre-industrial periods as well as for transient simulations. Indeed, due to the slow variations of the Earth’s orbital parameters, the position of seasons is modiﬁed within the ellipse, affecting the length of the seasons. This effect has been documented in Joussaume
Addition of polyvinylamine in chemi-thermomechanical pulp and kraft pulp and the effects on dewatering, strength, and air permeance

The addition of polyvinylamine (PVAm) in the wet-end of the papermaking process was investigated. The changes in pulp drainage, vacuum dewatering, tensile strength, and air permeance were measured with and without PVAm. Both chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) and bleached kraft pulp were used. The dewatering and drainage abilities of the different pulps was examined by measuring the dewatering resistance (°SR), the water retention value (g/g), and the vacuum dewatering. The tensile strength and air permeance values were tested on paper sheets. The results showed that the initial dewatering was faster for pulps with PVAm, and this effect was greater for the CTMP and at higher basis weights. The strength increased when PVAm was added but only if the pulp was washed before sheet forming. The unwashed pulp with PVAm had worse formation, which resulted in lower tensile strength values. The air permeance of the sheets was higher with the addition of PVAm, primarily as a result of higher flocculation. Adding PVAm to the stock suspension in the wet-end of the paper machine has great potential for end-products that require high air permeance and tensile strength properties. PVAm could also act as a dewatering enhancing agent, but caution must be taken regarding the potential of formation problems.
Registered Report: Fine-Grained Coverage-Based Fuzzing

—Fuzzing is an effective software testing method that discovers bugs by feeding target applications with (usually a massive amount of) automatically generated inputs. Many state-of-art fuzzers use branch coverage as a feedback metric to guide the fuzzing process. The fuzzer retains inputs for further mutation only if branch coverage is increased. However, branch coverage only provides a shallow sampling of program behaviours and hence may discard inputs that might be interesting to mutate. This work aims at taking advantage of the large body of research over defining finer-grained code coverage metrics (such as mutation coverage) and use these metrics as better proxies to select interesting inputs for mutation. We propose to make coverage-based fuzzers support most fine-grained coverage metrics out of the box (i.e., without changing fuzzer internals). We achieve this by making the test objectives defined by these metrics (such as mutants to kill) explicit as new branches in the target program. Fuzzing such a modified target is then equivalent to fuzzing the original target, but the fuzzer will also retain inputs covering the additional metrics objectives for mutation. We propose a preliminary evaluation of this novel idea using two state-of-art fuzzers, namely AFL++(3.14c) and QSYM with AFL(2.52b), on the four standard LAVA-M benchmarks. Significantly positive results are obtained on one benchmark and marginally negative ones on the three others. We discuss directions towards a strong and complete evaluation of the proposed approach and call for early feedback from the fuzzing community.
On the Contagion Premium of Conglomerate Firms

This paper investigates the relationship between the survival probability and the value of conglomerate firms relative to their focused industry peers. We find that the conglomerate discount drops by 40%, from 15% to 8.5%, as conglomerate default probability increases. We argue that this is due to a survivorship bias, that distorts upwards the value of surviving companies with higher default probability. We label the “conglomerate contagion premium” the lower discount on surviving conglomerates characterized by higher default probability. as evidence that conglomerates acquire already discounted focused firms and for this reason they appear to be discounted (Gomes and Livdan [2004], Graham, Lemmon, and Wolf [2002]). Three results let us think that those findings are evidence of the presence of a survivorship bias. A more cautious assessment attributes to the survivorship bias a half of the conglomerate discount, since Graham, Lemmon and Wolf (2002) ascribe a half to the alternative mechanism.
Study of Impingement Cooling Technology by Using Circular Pin Fins and Mist/Air Methods in Gas Turbine Combustor

The gas turbine is an indispensable part of technology and it is commonly used in electric power, aviation and marine mechanical. However, the gas combustion temperature was higher than the melting point of metal, which prevents further increase in efficiency in a gas turbine. To enhance the turbine inlet temperature greatly, an advanced cooling technology has been essentially required to protect the material of high thermal components. The final numerical results are compare with each other and show the characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop. In these investigations, different cases evaluate that the adiabatic cooling effectiveness (ηc ) indicates a downward curvature in the following descending order: circular pin fin with mist case = circular pin fin only case > normal with mist cooling case > normal with air only case. Mist/air impiangement cooling with circular pin fins not only maintain the superiorities of air cooling jets, but more effective than pin fins technique. Accordingly, renewing the air impingement cooling systems with pin fins and mist cooling seems to be more attractive. The inspire application of the circular pin fins and mist/air impingement cooling will make it a reference for designing a new cooling structure in marine gas turbine combustor.
Design and Analysis of a New Column Vane Hydraulic Pump Based on Computer Aided Design

A new model of column vane hydraulic pump is discussed. Firstly, taking the stator surface as the research object, the equation of the stator surface is established based on the applied triangular space theory. MATLAB and Pro/E software were used to establish the three-dimensional model of column vane hydraulic pump.In the second part, the structural characteristics of the pump are described in detail, the working principle of the pump is analyzed, and the correctness of the stator equation is verified. Secondly, on the basis of describing the structural characteristics of the cylinder pump, the working principle of the new cylinder pump is analyzed. Finally, COMSOL Multiphysics is used to visualize the flow field and analyze the fluid-structure interaction. The results show that the working principle of the new hydraulic pump is reasonable, the flow field diagram of the pump is relatively uniform and the deformation is small under the design condition.
Resurfacing: An Approach to Planetary Protection for Geologically Active Ocean Worlds

The putative and potential ocean worlds of our solar system span the asteroid belt to the Kuiper Belt, containing within their icy shells past or present global saltwater oceans. Among these worlds, those bearing signs of present-day geologic activity are key targets in the search for past or extant life in the solar system. As the icy surfaces of these bodies are modified by geologic processes, landforms are erased and replaced through what is called “resurfacing. ” To avoid contaminating sites for robotic spacecraft exploration, planetary protection requirements obligate missions to these ocean worlds to demonstrate a less than 10−4 probability of introducing a viable terrestrial microorganism into a liquid water body. To constrain the probability of subsurface contamination, we investigate the interaction with geologic resurfacing on an active ocean world. Through the example of Europa, we show how the surface age can be used to constrain the resurfacing rate, a critical parameter to estimate the probability that nonsterile spacecraft material present on the surface is geologically incorporated into the subsurface, and extend this example to mission scenarios at Ganymede and Enceladus. This approach was critical to demonstrating compliance with planetary protection requirements for the Europa Clipper mission, reducing its probability of contamination by two to five orders of magnitude. We also show how a Europa lander mission might be brought close to complying with planetary protection requirements, that a Ganymede impactor could easily comply, and that the situation of Enceladus, while more complex, can greatly benefit from this approach.
Numerical analysis of embankment resting on floating bottom ash columns improved soft soil

The construction of embankment over soft clay is quite a challenging job for the geotechnical engineer, which may results in a large settlement, bearing failure and stability issues. Stone columns can be used to minimize the settlement and increase the bearing capacity in such conditions. This study was carried out to investigate the behaviour of bottom ash columns underneath embankments using numerical modelling. The soft soil improved with bottom ash columns under the embankment subjected to traffic-induced loading was simulated in Plaxis 3D foundation software. The study variables include three area replacement ratios (Ar) of 10%, 15% and 20% and two columns length of 5m and 7.5m. The results indicated that enlarging the Ar and length of columns significantly reduced the final settlement and consolidation time. The maximum settlement reduction of 58% was reported for the Ar of 20% with 7.5m column depth. The study suggests that bottom ash columns can be used to improve soft soil underneath the embankment.
Multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem researching based on improved adaptive NSGA-II

To solve the scheduling problem of products manufacturing in the military electronic equipment enterprises, a multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling model was established with the objective of minimum the make span, production costs and equipment load. According to the characteristics of flexible job-shop scheduling problem, an adaptive NSGA-II algorithm was proposed in this paper, which could change the probabilities of crossover and mutation operation at different stages of genetic processes. To improve the diversity of population, the algorithm performed independent crossover and mutation operations on the working processes and equipment. Besides, a population independent elite retention strategy was adopted to avoid the loss of optimum solutions. At last, the feasibility and validity of the improved adaptive NSGA-II are verified by a flexible job-shop example.
Drying Shrinkage Properties and Initial Bonding Strength of 3D Printing Mortar

3D printing has emerged in the construction industry provide an effective and productive alternative construction methods. Cement-based material is the main choice in 3D printing construction due to its low cost and easy availability. This paper presents the drying shrinkage properties of hardened 3D printing mortar and the bonding strength of fresh mortar under the delayed phenomenon. Eight types of mortar mixtures in two series with varying percentages of sandy clay replacement ranging from 0% to 75% for both 1:1 and 1:2 cement sand ratios were used in the trial mix. Basic physical properties of 3D printing mortar such as workability, extrudability and buildability were conducted on the trial mix. Four mortar mixtures that complies with the basic 3D printing properties were used to conduct the drying shrinkage properties and the initial bonding strength test. The initial bonding strength test was conducted under delayed phenomenon for 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes. The experimental results showed a significant increase in drying shrinkage for mortars containing 75% sandy clay. However, the highest initial bonding strength is also achieved by mortars containing 75% sandy clay. The initial bonding strength of 3D printing mortar was decreased over the delaying time.
Food waste type and moisture content influence on the Hermetia illucens (L.), (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larval Development and Survival

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) or its scientific name Hermetia Illucens is insect native to most tropical and subtropical region. The larvae (BSFL) are capable of eating almost any substrate supplied to it, making it one of the saprophagous insects that is very useful as a recycler. BSFL digests these substrates into a source of nutrients that help their growth. With biomass that is full of absorbed nutrients makes it rich in protein that is suitable as livestock feed. For this purpose, the composition of BSFL is important to be observed as it can affect their quality for further application. Usually, in further applications of BSFL, the weight of biomass is one of the criteria that can provide a good profit return. Therefore, identifying the appropriate type of food waste and the most economical way for the rearing process of BSF is important for this purpose. In this research, the larval growth and survival in the bio-conversion process were tested using two types of food waste with several levels of moisture contents. The two types of food waste were the vegetable trimming (VT) and left over (LO) food waste. The moisture contents for each type of food waste were adjusted to 60, 70 and 80% for three different replicated batch of larvae. The larvae of these different duplicated batch were sampled every day to measure their survival rate as well as changes in wet weight. Results obtained from this study indicate that, larvae supplied with 80% moisture content of food waste (VT and LO) showed the fastest growth rate (wet weight basis) compared to others. The result also suggest that the survival rate of the larvae was not significantly affected by the high content of moisture. It was found that the survival rate of BSFL were more than 95% throughout the experiment. As a conclusion, this study provides valuable insights for the profitable waste management industry employing the BSFL as agent of bioconversion for food waste recycling.
Neutral-charged-particle Collisions as the Mechanism for Accretion Disk Angular Momentum Transport

The matter in an accretion disk must lose angular momentum when moving radially inwards but how this works has long been a mystery. By calculating the trajectories of individual colliding neutrals, ions, and electrons in a weakly ionized 2D plasma containing gravitational and magnetic fields, we numerically simulate accretion disk dynamics at the particle level. As predicted by Lagrangian mechanics, the fundamental conserved global quantity is the total canonical angular momentum, not the ordinary angular momentum. When the Kepler angular velocity and the magnetic field have opposite polarity, collisions between neutrals and charged particles cause: (i) ions to move radially inwards, (ii) electrons to move radially outwards, (iii) neutrals to lose ordinary angular momentum, and (iv) charged particles to gain canonical angular momentum. Neutrals thus spiral inward due to their decrease of ordinary angular momentum while the accumulation of ions at small radius and accumulation of electrons at large radius produces a radially outward electric field. In 3D, this radial electric field would drive an out-of-plane poloidal current that produces the magnetic forces that drive bidirectional astrophysical jets. Because this neutral angular momentum loss depends only on neutrals colliding with charged particles, it should be ubiquitous. Quantitative scaling of the model using plausible disk density, temperature, and magnetic field strength gives an accretion rate of 3 × 10−8 solar mass per year, which is in good agreement with observed accretion rates.
Congestion-free routing based on a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm to provide an effective routing protocol by analyzing the significant impacts of QoS parameters in a dynamic VANET environment

A definitive form of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), which delivers data communication using wireless transmission with the collection of vehicular nodes in a vehicular environment. The main goal of this VANET is to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) which is road safety, environmental kindliness, and logistics in intelligent transport. Moreover, mobility and routing play an important challenge for information interchange to the process in the VANET environment. In developing countries, smart cities are encountering problematic traffic congestion. Furthermore, in cluster communications, stable cluster formation and maintenance with the guarantying QoS has always remained a great challenge. In order to overcome the above-mentioned issue, this article proposes a congestion-free routing process ensuring QOS parameters. The main objective of the proposed scheme is to analyze the impact of QOS parameters while choosing the best routing path in Vehicular communication. The scheme also introduces the Hybrid-Harris Hawks Black Widow optimization-based VANET (H-HHBW-VANET) algorithm to improve QoS for routing between nodes. This algorithm differs from other algorithms in terms of optimal solution generation, which makes it more efficient. The proposed work is implemented in the working platform of NS2 to analyze the parameters such as Drop, Delay, Energy Consumption, Throughput, and Fairness Index. The simulation results provide better QOS service in terms of low energy consumption with higher throughput and low delay.
The Implement of Hydraulic Control System for Large- Scale Railway Maintenance Equipment Based on PLC

Programmed Logic Controller (PLC) is the digital calculation operation system, which is specially designed for industrial working environment. This paper proposed the implement of hydraulic control system for large-scale railway maintenance equipment based on PLC. This implement pursued the purpose of accurate control of hydraulic working units of large-scale railway maintenance equipment. Large-scale railway maintenance equipment should always work in efficient statement. Focusing on this requirement, the reliability design of hardware for current leakage and impulse current which is proposed in the paper is necessary. This paper proposed Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) for relative horizontal check of working units linking bridge. This paper also proposed the method to prevent the current leakage and impulse current. As for hydraulic valves, this paper proposed PID algorithm to realize the control of Analogue Closed-Loop. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.