Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
White dwarfs in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey Large Area Survey: the substellar companion fraction

We present a near-infrared photometric search for unresolved substellar companions and debris discs around white dwarfs in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Large Area Survey. We cross-correlate the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR4 and McCook & Sion catalogues of white dwarfs with the UKIDSS DR8 producing 3109 and 163 unique matches, respectively. Cooling models are fitted to the optical photometry of a subsample of DA white dwarfs and extended to the near-infrared. A comparison is then made with the observed photometry to identify those stars with a near-infrared excess consistent with the presence of a cool companion or debris disc. Where present, we have estimated the approximate spectral type of any putative companion, or an upper limit on the temperature of a debris disc. In total we identify 14–16 new candidate white dwarf + very low mass stellar systems, 9–11 candidate white dwarf + brown dwarf systems, and three candidate white dwarf + debris discs. We place lower limits on the unresolved ( WD+dL ≥ 0.4 ± 0.3 per cent, ƒ WD+dT ≥ 0.2 per cent and ƒ WD+BD ≥ 0.5 ± 0.3 per cent.
Snack Peanuts Purchase Pattern: Effects of Nutritional Considerations and Household Characteristics

Abstract This study examines the effect of a meal planner's nutritional awareness, exercise habits, and household socioeconomic characteristics on market participation and frequency of purchase of snack peanuts. Data are from a household survey of 2880 U.S. households collected by Gallup in 1997. Statistical tests showed that a double-hurdle or Cragg model best represented consumers' participation and purchase level decisions in the snack peanut market. The results indicated that meal planner's nutritional considerations while making food purchase decisions had little effect on the participation level decisions, but did affect purchase frequency of snack peanuts. Those household meal planners who were overly concerned about undesirable nutritional factors tended to decrease their purchase of snack peanuts. Promotion of snack peanuts on the basis of nutritional benefits through health professional and media is a useful tool to increase purchase frequency.
Moderating Effect of Cyber Bullying on the Psychological Well-Being of In-School Adolescents in Benin Edo State Nigeria

This study adopted a descriptive survey research design of ex-post factor type to determine the moderating effect of cyber bullying on the psychological well-being of in-school adolescents in Benin Edo State Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 300 in-school adolescents from fifteen randomly selected secondary schools in Benin Edo state. Four instruments used were: Cyber Bullying Prevalence Questionnaire (CBPQ) (α= 0.84); Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (RSE) (α= 0.88); Self-Concept Clarity Scale: (α= 0.88) and General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale (α= 0.90). Two research questions were answered and three hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression. The measures of association between the variables identified in the study revealed that there was significant relationship between the variables (self-esteem, self-concept, self-efficacy and cyber bullying). The study produced an F-Ratio (3/296) = 10.451which implies that the consequence of cyber bullying has impact on in-school adolescent’s self-esteem, self-concept and self-efficacy. Also, self-esteem correlate with cyber bullying of-in school adolescents, r (298) = . 289, p< . 05. Likewise, self-concept correlates significantly with cyber bullying of in-school adolescents, r (298) = . 457, p< . 05. Furthermore, self-efficacy correlate significantly with cyber bullying of in-school adolescents, r (298) = . 261, p< . 05. Therefore, it is recommended that adolescents should be taught moral instructions in school as it would help them be of good character and develop the ability to negotiate relationships positively with significant other in the society. Keywords: Adolescent, Cyber Bullying, Self-esteem, Self-concept, Self-efficacy, Benin and Nigeria.
NONPARAMETRIC MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION OF A CONCAVE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE VIA GEOMETRIC PROGRAMMING

A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve plots the true positive rate of a classier against its false positive rate, both of which are accuracy measures of the classier. The ROC curve has several interesting geometrical properties, including concavity which is a neces- sary condition for a classier to be optimal. In this paper, we study the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) of a con- cave ROC curve and its modication to reduce bias. We characterize the NPMLE as a solution to a geometric programming, a special type of a mathematical optimization problem. Wend that the NPMLE is close to the convex hull of the empirical ROC curve and, thus, has smaller variance but positive bias at a given false positive rate. To reduce the bias, we propose a modication of the NPMLE which minimizes the L1 distance from the empirical ROC curve. We numerically compare the �nite sample performance of three estimators, the empirical ROC curve, the NMPLE, and the modied NPMLE. Finally, we apply the estimators to estimating the optimal ROC curve of the variance-thresho classier to segment a low depth ofeld image and tonding a diagnostic tool with multiple tests for detection of hemophilia A carrier.
ECTC'06 Template

The generation of ultra-stable modelocked pulses in the 1550 regime is required for high resolution signal processing applications that include electro-optic sampling, transient probes, and optical clocks. More recently the frequency combs comprising these pulses have been applied to innovative methods of Arbitrary Waveform Generation (AWG) in the optical domain [1]. Temporal stability in certain of these applications assumes the utmost importance. A proven approach to address the key issue, entails a significant reduction in system dimensions by means of an Erbium-Doped Waveguide Amplifier (EDWA) [2,3,4] , which can minimize adverse effects of thermal gradients. To further enhance the long term stability, a Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique can be used to lock the laser to a known frequency reference, in effect allowing the cavity to compensate for the laser’s drift. We report for the first time to our knowledge the result of incorporating PDH stabilization in an Erbium-Doped Waveguide Laser (EDWL) [5,6], and compare this with a commercially available Erbium Doped Fiber Laser (EDFL).
Requirements Prioritization Techniques Comparison

Requirements prioritization is considered as one of the most important approaches in the requirement engineering process. Requirements prioritization is used to define the ordering or schedule for executing requirement based on their priority or importance with respect to stakeholders’ viewpoints. Many prioritization techniques for requirement have been proposed by researchers, and there is no single technique can be used for all projects types. In this paper we give an overview of the requirement process and requirement prioritization concept. We also present the most popular techniques used to prioritize the software project requirements and a compression between these techniques. On the other hand, we spot the light on the importance of involving the non-functional requirements prioritization because of the great effects of non-functional on project success and quality; some approaches that used in prioritize non-functional requirements are discussed in this paper, in addition a general model is proposed based on reviewing the prioritization techniques in order to suggests a best suited technique for specific projects according to decision makers parameters.
Intersection between the geometry of generalized Lie algebroids and some aspects of interior and exterior differential systems

An exterior differential calculus in the general framework of generalized Lie algebroids is presented. A theorem of Maurer-Cartan type is obtained. All results with details proofs are presented and a new point of view over exterior differential calculus for Lie algebroids is obtained. Using the theory of linear connections of Ehresmann type presented in the firstt reference, the identities of Cartan and Bianchi type are presented. Supposing that any vector subbundle of the pull-back Lie algebroid of a generalized Lie algebroid is interior differential system (IDS) for that generalized Lie algebroid, then the involutivity of the IDS in a theorem of Frobenius type is characterized. Extending the classical notion of exterior differential system (EDS) to generalized Lie algebroids, then the involutivity of an IDS in a theorem of Cartan type is characterized.
A rating model for individual player qualities based on team results, applied in football

There are abundant situations where teams of players compete. The competing players have qualities that in uence the outcome of a match, but in some cases, individual contributions are not recorded and only team results can be observed. Examples can be found in sports (football, basketball, volleyball, etc.), e-sports (Dota, StarCraft, League of Legends, etc.), Film-making and company management. In this research, we developed an individual player quality inference algorithm which only requires historical team results. Whenever groups of individuals produce collective results and we do not have the data regarding individual contributions, our model can be applied. Most existing models that are used to estimate individual qualities deal with 1-vs-1 matches, with a single quality per player and a single binary outcome per match. Our model is an extension of existing models; providing a structure to deal with multiple individual qualities, for many-vs-many matches and multiple outcomes per match, each with an ordinal outcome space. The goal was to create a model for any environment where groups of players compete with each other while only the collective results are observed. The research was conducted in partnership with SciSports, a football data analytics company, therefore we chose to apply the model to football. We considered multiple existing models like ELO, Glicko, Bradley-Terry, Thurstone-Mosteller and the Microsoft TrueSkill. We combined ideas from these models with novel insights to define a probability model, defining the relationship between participating player's qualities and the match-outcome distribution. This relationship is essential for the inference of player quality parameters. The unknown parameters that define the player specific qualities are modeled as latent traits within a latent variable model. We started with a general model, developed in the field of psychometrics, and showed that it is equivalent to our desired model under certain assumptions. Furthermore, we discuss how ordinal observations should be interpreted and we find accurate and useful approximations for the ordinal outcome probability distribution given player participation. We list several existing estimation methods that can be used to extract estimators from the data by applying our probability model. The methods were taken from other research and modified such that they can be applied to our specific case. Eventually, we decided to use the Conditional Gaussian Inference method, which has been successfully implemented in Python. We applied the model to a historical football dataset, yielding two qualities per player; attack and defense. The results were tested with a subjective and an objective method, both methods show that our model produces useful results.
Diversity of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoic acids

An overview is provided on the diversity of biosynthetic polyhydroxyalkanoic acids, and all hitherto known constituents of these microbial storage compounds are listed. The occurrence of 91 different hydroxyalkanoic acids reflects the low substrate specificity of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases which are the key enzymes of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid biosynthesis. In addition, the importance of bacterial anabolism and catabolism, which provide the coenzyme A thioesters of the respective hydroxyalkanoic acids as substrates to these PHA synthases, is emphasized.
Monetary Policies and Nigerian Economy:Simulations from Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium(DSGE)Model

Traditionally, the task of monetary management is usually performed by the monetary authority on behalf of government. However, a key challenge in monetary management is how to deal with uncertainty. Thus, the relevant policy questions must include how best the available instruments of monetary policy be deployed in shock prone mature stabilizers. Therefore, the basic thrust of this paper is to evaluate monetary policy - tradeoffs using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium(DSGE)model estimated on data for Nigeria.
Estimation of different forest-related contributions to the radiative balance using observations in southern Finland

The effect of boreal forest on the Earth's energy budget was estimated in field conditions in Hyytiala, southern Finland. The indirect aerosol effect due to new particle formation, the effect of forest carbon sequestration and the effect of forestation- or deforestation-related albedo change were investigated. The young, fast-growing boreal forest was estimated to be a relatively significant carbon sink and an important aerosol source, and thus the effect on the Earth's energy budget was seen to be negative. The estimated values (reported as annually averaged energy budget perturbations per square meter of forest) were -36 W m -2 due to the carbon sink, +10 W m -2 due to the albedo effect and between -5 and -14 W m -2 due to the aerosol effect. However, the values are uncertain.
S4FE : sequential feature frequency filter - front-end for SLAM

Loop closure recognition is one of the main processes of graph-based SLAM strategies, used to estimate the accumulated motion error to be minimized by the technique. Good scene correspondences allow to create constraints between two nodes in the graph that is currently being built to represent the environment that the robot is immersed. However, false correspondences can lead these strategies to an irreversible wrong environment representation. In this work, we present a robust feature-based loop closure approach that uses image sequence matching to recognize revisited areas. This approach uses Bag-ofWords to reduce the effects of lightning changes and a TF-IDF weighting to enhance the main features that describe each scene. Besides, an algorithm based on Mean Shift is used over a similarity matrix to identify the possible trajectory followed by the robot and improve the loop closure detection. Our method is tested in a GPS-denied outdoor environment using image sequences collected using a handheld camera and a Parrot ArDrone 2.0.
Photoluminescence of p-doped quantum wells with strong spin splitting

Photoluminescence of p-type modulation doped (Cd,Mn)Te quantum wells is studied with carrier density up to 5 X 10(11) cm(-2) at various spin splittings. This splitting can be made larger than the characteristic energies of the system thanks to the giant Zeeman effect. At small spin splitting and regardless of the carrier density, the photoluminescence exhibits a single line, which corresponds to the charged exciton in the singlet state. Above a certain spin splitting, the charged exciton is destabilized in favor of the exciton at vanishing hole density, and in favor of a double line at higher carrier density. It is found here that the charged exciton destabilization energy hardly depends on the carrier density. The double line is found to be band-to-band like, with the same initial state - where the holes have the same spin orientation - and final states that differ by some excitation of the 2D hole gas. In addition, the spin splitting needed to fully polarize the hole gas is twice smaller than expected from the single particle image and gives a unique insight into many-body effects in the hole gas.
Jitter and Shimmer Measurements for Speaker Diarization

Jitter and shimmer voice quality features have been successfully used to characterize speaker voice traits and detect voice pathologies. Jitter and shimmer measure variations in the fundamental frequency and amplitude of speaker's voice, respectively. Due to their nature, they can be used to assess differences between speakers. In this paper, we investigate the usefulness of these voice quality features in the task of speaker diarization. The combination of voice quality features with the conventional spectral features, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), is addressed in the framework of Augmented Multiparty Interaction (AMI) corpus, a multi-party and spontaneous speech set of recordings. Both sets of features are independently modeled using mixture of Gaussians and fused together at the score likelihood level. The experiments carried out on the AMI corpus show that incorporating jitter and shimmer measurements to the baseline spectral features decreases the diarization error rate in most of the recordings.
Absorption Spectroscopy of a K+Cs Mixture Cell and Simulation of Time-Averaged Optical Potentials

In the first part of the report, Doppler-broadened absorption spectroscopy was performed on a natural abundance K+Cs mixture species cell to determine whether interspecies molecular transitions are observable at sufficiently high vapour pressures. It was found that the cell behaves independently of the presence of the other alkali metal for spectroscopy on both the Cs D2 and K D2 lines for a temperature range between 27.8 - 45.4 degrees Celsius, and 34.8 - 150 degrees Celsius, respectively. Above the temperature of 155 degrees Celsius, the spectroscopic signal on the K D2 line exhibits absorption features which is potentially the result of rotational transitions in the K2 molecule, however, this is not definitive and further investigations are needed to confirm this. In the second part, we developed and tested several codes on a MATLAB program to simulate time-averaged potentials using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). We demonstrated three different coding methods to generate smooth trapping potentials and characterised different parameters required to accomplish such a potential. We also investigated the depth of the trapping potential of a harmonic potential and the requirements to accurately approximate the trap frequencies.
Effect of metformin on global phosphorylation profiles of primary skeletal muscle cells derived from overweight/obese insulin resistant human participants

EFFECT OF METFORMIN ON GLOBAL PHOSPHORYLATION PROFILES OF PRIMARY SKELETAL MUSCLE DERIVED FROM OVERWEIGHT/OBESE INSULIN RESISTANT HUMAN PARTICIPANTS by NISHIT SHAH August 2015 Advisor: Dr. Zhengping Yi Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacology and Toxicology) Degree: Master of Science Metformin is a drug from the biguanide class and it has been in use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes for a long time, and it can improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. However, the mechanism for metformin’s action is unclear. Phosphatases and kinases, and their subunits are the proteins required for dephosphorylation and phosphorylation of proteins in cells during various signaling pathways. Phosphorylation studies of proteins from primary cell culture derived from skeletal muscle tissue from obese/overweight insulin resistant participants will help to understand the regulation of phosphorylation in phosphatases and kinases by metformin. In the current research, we used primary cell culture cells of human skeletal muscle tissue to identify and quantify the phosphorylation effects of metformin in obese/overweight participants. After treating cells with different
Unusual Bulky Presentation due to Missed Diagnosis of Hodgkin Lymphoma

A 44-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room presenting a voluminous neck and axillary tumor associated with an upper left limb swelling and progressively severe dyspnea. At triage, the patient stated that the swelling had presented itself about three years earlier and that during this time she had never sought medical care, had self-prescribed steroid medication and had managed to camouflage the bulky mass to her relatives. Clinical examination showed a massive swelling with evidence of mediastinal syndrome (venous distension of the neck, upper limb oedema, compensatory collateral circles and shortness of breath) (Figure 1).
FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS AND PHENOLOGY OF ANDROMONOECIOUS JATROPHA CURCAS

Andromonoecious Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) has male and hermaphrodite flowers in one inflorescence. Jatropha is a potential source for biofuel raw material. The development of this plant has various constraints, such as lower fruit set that causes low seed productivity. The existence of andromonoecious Jatropha with high fruit set provides a great opportunity to overcome the obstacles. Understanding floral biology is a requirement for developing a high fruit set andromonoecious Jatropha. This study was aimed at understanding the flower’s characteristics and phenology. The andromonoecious Jatropha flower’s characteristics, number and viability of pollen, and phenology were observed and compared to those of monoecious Jatropha. Andromonoecious Jatropha had inflorescence with a dichasial cyme pattern. An inflorescence produced two main branches and several secondary and tertiary branches, where a hermaphrodite flower was found at whose ends. The number of inflorescence branches in andromonoecious Jatropha was higher than that of monoecious Jatropha. The diameter and size of the sepal and stalk in hermaphrodite flowers were found to be larger than those in male and female flowers. The development of andromonoecious Jatropha flowers was divided into 4 phases, namely initiation (0-3 dai = days after initiation), small bud (3-7 dai), large bud (7-20 dai), and flower blooming (20-39 dai) phases. The anthesis and anther dehiscence of hermaphrodite flowers occurred at the same time between 06:00 to 06:59 am, facilitating self-pollination of the hermaphrodite flowers. The average pollen viability during the anthesis phase was 96.26%, and 88.79% of them survived until the next d
Taskable Reactive Agent Communities

Abstract : The focus of Taskable Reactive Agent Communities (TRAC) project was to develop mixed-initiative technology to enable humans to supervise and manage teams of agents as they perform tasks in dynamic environments. TRAC technology would enable users to task agent communities in a high-level language that provides both descriptions of goals to be satisfied and boundaries on agent behavior. The TRAC approach can be viewed as providing a form of high-level process management technology that enables flexible human control of agent communities. In particular, the TRAC framework is intended to support applications where processes are distributed and automated, but where human guidance can improve performance and increase flexibility. The technical work for the project focused on identifying useful categories of guidance for directing agents, designing languages for expressing guidance, and developing techniques for operationalizing guidance into constraints that influence agent behavior. Because users may provide incompatible or unsatisfiable guidance to agents, the work also encompassed techniques for detecting and resolving conflicting guidance. The TRAC implementation was used as the basis for a demonstration system called TIGER (TRAC Intelligence Gathering and Emergency Response), which focused on the problem of multiagent intelligence gathering in the wake of a simulated natural disaster. Within TIGER, a human supervisor can delegate tasks to agents while providing guidance to control their runtime behavior.