Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TIME-DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF SUBSTRUCTURE OF A FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE IN WAVES

This paper aims to analyze the dynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) in waves. Instead of modeling the incident random wave by the traditional wave spectrum and superposition theory, an impulse response function method was used to simulate the incident wave. The incident wave kinematics were evaluated by a convolution of the wave elevation at the original point and the impulse response function in the domain. To check the validity of current wave simulation method, the calculated incident wave velocities were compared with analytical solutions; they showed good agreement. The developed method was then used for the hydrodynamic analysis of the substructure of the FOWT. A direct time-domain method was used to calculate the wave-rigid body interaction problem. The proposed numerical scheme offers an effective way of modeling the incident wave by an arbitrary time series. INTRODUCTION Offshore wind energy is a promising alternative energy source to traditional energy. Fixed offshore wind turbines are widely operated in shallow water depth while floating wind turbines become increasingly popular in deep water. Designing an offshore wind turbine requires a fully coupled integrated analysis, incorporating the aerodynamic analysis, structural analysis and hydrodynamic analysis arising from a combination of environmental loadings. Wave loading, arising from the movement of seawater, is one of the most important aspects. In recent efforts to develop simulation tools for FOWTs, designing and analyzing of a FOWT have benefited from offshore oil & gas industry. The types of floating structures, methods of analysis, etc are almost the same as offshore platforms. Many researchers have investigated the contributions from different nonlinearities of wave-structure interaction (e.g. Roald, et al, 2013; Karimirad, 2013). However, the inherent coupling effects and the complexity of FOWTs requires a re-examination of the traditional methods and types of structures. Plus, less attention has been paid on the calculation of velocity potential using an arbitrary time history. To this end, this paper introduced a method for calculating wave potential using an arbitrary incident wave profile. For the substructure of the FOWT, a direct time-domain method was used to calculate the wave-rigid body interaction problem. This direct time-domain method solved the diffracted and radiated wave together, as a scattered wave, instead of dividing the velocity potential into diffracted and radiated parts, unlike the traditional impulse response function method. Based on the linear wave-structure interaction theory, solving the integral equation with HOBEM, the velocity potential was updated at each time step. Based on the numerical method described above, the wave forces and motion responses of the floating body were calculated in the time domain. Results of current study, including wave forces, motion responses and wave
Volatility of the Stochastic Discount Factor, and the Distinction between Risk-Neutral and Objective Probability Measures

This paper derives a measure that characterizes the distance between the risk-neutral and the objective probability measures for any candidate asset pricing model. We formally show that the distance metric is equal to the volatility of the stochastic discount factor. This theoretical result gives an alternative interpretation to the Hansen-Jagannathan bounds: they provide a lower bound for the distance between the objective and the risk-neutral probability measures. Our empirical application provides support for the notion that the crash of 1987 has widened the wedge between the risk-neutral and the objective probability measures.
Innovation Process Planning Model in the Bpmn Standard

Abstract The aim of the article is to show the relations in the innovation process planning model. The relations argued here guarantee the stable and reliable way to achieve the result in the form of an increased competitiveness by a professionally directed development of the company. The manager needs to specify the effect while initiating the realisation of the process, has to be achieved this by the system of indirect goals. The original model proposed here shows the standard of dependence between the plans of the fragments of the innovation process which make up for achieving its final goal. The relation in the present article was shown by using the standard Business Process Model and Notation. This enabled the specification of interrelations between the decision levels at which subsequent fragments of the innovation process are planned. This gives the possibility of a better coordination of the process, reducing the time needed for the achievement of its effect. The model has been compiled on the basis of the practises followed in Polish companies. It is not, however, the reflection of these practises, but rather an idealised standard of proceedings which aims at improving the effectiveness of the management of innovations on the operational level. The model shown could be the basis of the creation of systems supporting the decision making, supporting the knowledge management or those supporting the communication in the innovation processes.
Using the Sharp Operator for edge detection and nonlinear diffusion

In this paper we investigate the use of the sharp function known from functional analysis in image processing. The sharp function gives a measure of the variations of a function and can be used as an edge detector. We extend the classical notion of the sharp function for measuring anisotropic behaviour and give a fast anisotropic edge detection variant inspired by the sharp function. We show that these edge detection results are useful to steer isotropic and anisotropic nonlinear diffusion filters for image enhancement.
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF ARCH DAMS FOR FREQUENCY LIMITATIONS USING CHARGED SYSTEM SEARCH AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION

In recent years, the importance of economical considerations in the field of dam engineering has motivated many researchers to propose new methods for minimizing the cost of dames and in particular arch dams. This paper presents a method for shape optimization of double curvature arch dams corresponding to minimum construction cost while satisfying different constraints such as natural frequencies, stability and geometrical limitations. For optimization, the charged system search (CSS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are employed. To validate the finite element model, a real arch dam is considered as a test example. The results of the present method are compared to those of other optimization algorithms for the selected example from literature.
PREDICTORS OF TURNOVER INTENTION AMONG EMPLOYEES IN NIGERIA’S OIL INDUSTRY

It has been debated in literature whether context more than disposition predicts organizational outcomes, but the extent to which they predict employee turnover intention has been evaded, whereas beyond theorising , this may have important consequences for employee retention and performance strategy. e predictive roles of contextual (distributive, pr ocedural and interactional justice) and dispositional variables (conscientiousness, agreeableness and emotional stability) on turnover intention among employees in Nigeria's oil industry were examined. Using cross-sectional survey design and multistage sampling techniques (n =750) employees comprising 534 (71.2%) males and 216 (28.8%) females with a mean age of 35 years and standard deviation of 6.88 participated in the study. e sampling ! ame in all 12 out of 32 companies ! om four clusters that make up Nigeria's oil industry was formed using quota, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using validated measures of the study variables combined into a single survey questionnaire. Signi"cant negative relationship was found between contextual variables and turnover intention, and between dispositional variables and turnover intention respectively. Controlling for age and tenure, contextual variables accounted for higher variance in turnover intention (R 2 = 0.098; F (5, 745) = 22.23, p < . 001) ) than dispositional variables (R 2 = 0.10; F (8, 742) = 1.51. p < . 001, justifying the assumption of weak e#ects of dispositional traits in strong situations. Managerial implications of the "ndings are discussed.
Developing A Secure Geospatial Visualization and Collaboration System Using Software Engineering Technology

Abstract Developing secure web applications is a difficult task because the original purpose of the World Wide Web (WWW) was to freely share information. This paper presents a prototype for a platform-independent secure geospatial visualization and collaboration web application. This system is developed using object-oriented system design methodology. It integrates software engineering, web security, visualization and Java technologies with the WWW to enable production, dissemination, and use of imagery and geospatial information on a hierarchical level through the WWW. Several visualization modules on the client side are developed using the Model-View-Controller design pattern technology. These modules are plug-in and reusable components for other similar applications. A Visualization Web Bridge and Data Providers on the server side are designed and implemented to bridge the gap between the Internet users and the remote geospatial databases. Several Internet security mechanisms are implemented to secure system configuration, to authenticate and authorize data access, and to secure information sharing. The system is an open and extensible source. The application results demonstrate that this system provides a certain level of security, and that users have flexibility to query, visualize, manipulate, and analyze real-time remote geospatial data. It exhibits that multiple users in geographically dispersed organizations can conveniently collaborate and share information as well as 3D images through this system. It also demonstrates that using object-oriented system design and design pattern provides a great chance for software reuse and increases the system flexibility.
Wind Measurements Near the Surface of Waves

Wind-over-wave in situ measurements are typically conducted in two different fashions: either by means of wave-riding buoys, or by placing anemometers well elevated above the surface. Routinely, concept of the constant-flux layer is invoked to convert one into another as necessary. In the paper, comparisons of mean wind speeds and wind-momentum fluxes are conducted, based on measurements throughout the wave boundary layer, including wave-follower measurements very near the surface. Significant deviations from the constant-flux expectations are found. Near the surface, the fluxes are less than those obtained by extrapolation within the logarithmic-layer assumption, and the mean wind speeds are correspondingly larger. Such results have significant implications for modelling the wind-generated waves and for calibrations of remotely sensed surface wind conditions.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Entrepreneurship as renewal in mature industries

Entrepreneurship broadly covers different areas because it is a pervasive phenomenon. We here analyze the role of entrepreneurship in mature industries, where strategic change may be necessary for avoiding decline. Firstly, mature industries are embedded with a potential renewed role for entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the resource-based view may be employed as a tool of measurement of entrepreneurial activity in mature industries. The objective of this paper is to capture the evolution of resources – linked to a successful leverage of internal capabilities – in industries that are unattractive. The choice of specific indicators will highlight specific traits common to three cases of emerging business analyzed in detail. These businesses are endowed with entrepreneurial resources and revive in mature contexts. Specifically, these firms showed a high tension to growth, enjoyed good reputation, achieved better productivity compared to that of the industry in which they compete and were particularly able to adopt innovative technologies.
Geometric and algebraic origins of additive uncertainty relations

Constructive techniques to establish state-independent uncertainty relations for the sum of variances of arbitrary two observables are presented. We investigate the range of simultaneously attainable pairs of variances, which can be applied to a wide variety of problems including finding exact bound for the sum of variances of two components of angular momentum operator for any total angular momentum quantum number j and detection of quantum entanglement. Resulting uncertainty relations are state-independent, semianalytical, bounded-error and can be made arbitrarily tight. The advocated approach, based on the notion of joint numerical range of a number of observables and uncertainty range, allows us to improve earlier numerical works and to derive semianalytical tight bounds for the uncertainty relation for the sum of variances expressed as roots of a polynomial of a single real variable.
Remarkably similar CTLA-4 binding properties of therapeutic ipilimumab and tremelimumab antibodies

Monoclonal antibody based immune checkpoint blockade therapies have achieved clinical successes in management of malignant tumors. As the first monoclonal antibody targeting immune checkpoint molecules entered into clinics, the molecular basis of ipilimumab-based anti-CTLA-4 blockade has not yet been fully understood. In the present study, we report the complex structure of ipilimumab and CTLA-4. The complex structure showed similar contributions from VH and VL of ipilimumab in binding to CTLA-4 front β-sheet strands. The blockade mechanism of ipilimumab is that the strands of CTLA-4 contributing to the binding to B7-1 or B7-2 were occupied by ipilimumab and thereafter prevents the binding of B7-1 or B7-2 to CTLA-4. Though ipilimumab binds to the same epitope with tremelimumab on CTLA-4 with similar binding affinity, the higher dissociation rate of ipilimumab may indicate the dynamic binding to CTLA-4, which may affect its pharmacokinetics. The molecular basis of ipilimumab-based anti-CTLA-4 blockade and comparative study of the binding characteristics of ipilimumab and tremelimumab would shed light for the discovery of small molecular inhibitors and structure-based monoclonal antibody optimization or new biologics.
ZESZYTY NAUKOWE POLITECHNIKI BIAŁOSTOCKIEJ. INFORMATYKA COMPETING RISK ANALYSIS-GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF VARIABLE INFLUENCE

In the paper the possibilities of assessing the variable influence on the failure occurrence is shown. Ensemble of dipolar survival trees is used as a prediction tool. The technique is able to cope with censored data (data with incomplete observations) as well as with competing risks data. The results are presented on the base of two real datasets for which the influence of discrete and continuous variables is examined. To this purpose, the cumulative incidence functions and the quartiles of CIF functions are applied.
Is Jump Risk Priced? - What We Can (and Cannot) Learn From Option Hedging Errors

When options are traded, one can use their prices and price changes to draw inference about the set of risk factors and their risk premia. We analyze tests for the existence and the sign of the market prices of jump risk that are based on option hedging errors. We derive a closed-form solution for the option hedging error and its expectation in a stochastic jump model under continuous trading and correct model specification. Jump risk is structurally different from, e.g., stochastic volatility: there is one market price of risk for each jump size (and not just \emph{the} market price of jump risk). Thus, the expected hedging error cannot identify the exact structure of the compensation for jump risk. Furthermore, we derive closed form solutions for the expected option hedging error under discrete trading and model mis-specification. Compared to the ideal case, the sign of the expected hedging error can change, so that empirical tests based on simplifying assumptions about trading frequency and the model may lead to incorrect conclusions.
The Impact of Problem-Based Learning on Iranian EFL Learners’ Speaking Proficiency

The study investigated the effect of problem-based learning through cognition-based tasks on speaking proficiency of Iranian intermediate EFL learners in comparison to the effect of objective-based tasks. To this end, a true experimental research design was employed. Ninety five (N=95) language learners studying at a language institute in the city of Esfahan, Iran were given an IELTS listening and speaking test as the proficiency test and 75 learners were selected. In the next phase of the study, a second IELTS speaking test was administered as the homogeneity test and the pre-test to seventy five (N=75) learners chosen from the population and forty-eight (N=48) homogeneous intermediate learners were selected for the study (i.e., 24 learners in control group and 24 in experimental one). The results of an independent-sample t-test gained from the study proved that not only does implementation of problem-based learning through cognition-based tasks significantly increased intermediate participants’ speaking proficiency, but also it had more positive effect in comparison to objective-based tasks on participants’ speaking proficiency. Therefore, it is suggested that problem-based learning ought to be taken into account by educational scholars, those in charge of syllabus, material producers, language teachers and language learners. Keywords: Cognition-Based Tasks, Objective-Based Tasks, EFL Learners, Speaking Proficiency, Problem-Based Learning
Renal medullary interstitial infusion of L-arginine prevents hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Studies were designed to examine the effects of renal medullary interstitial infusion of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the development of high-salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive/Rapp (DS) rats. The threshold dose of L-Arg (300 micrograms . kg-1 . min-1) that increased the renal medullary blood flow without altering the cortical blood flow was first determined in anesthetized DS rats. Studies were then carried out to determine the effects of this dose of L-Arg on salt-induced hypertension in DS rats. In the absence of chronic medullary L-Arg infusion, mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased in DS rats from 125 +/- 2 to 167 +/- 5 mmHg by day 5 of a high-salt diet (4.0%), with no change observed in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) or Dahl salt-resistant/Rapp (DR) rats. MAP did not change significantly with medullary infusion of L-Arg alone in DR rats (control = 104 +/- 1 mmHg) or in WKY rats (control = 120 +/- 3 mmHg) and was not significantly changed from these levels during the 7 days of L-Arg infusion combined with high-NaCl diet. The same amount of L-Arg that prevented salt-induced hypertension in DS rats when infused into the renal medulla (300 micrograms . kg-1 . min-1) failed to blunt salt-induced hypertension when administered intravenously to DS rats. DS rats receiving L-Arg (300 micrograms . kg-1 . min-1 iv) exhibited an increase in plasma L-Arg from control concentrations of 138 +/- 11 to 218 +/- 4 micromol/l, while MAP, which averaged 124 +/- 3 mmHg during the 3-day control period, rose to 165 +/- 5 mmHg by day 5 of high salt (4%) intake. These results indicate that the prevention of salt sensitivity in DS rats was due specifically to the action of L-Arg on renal medullary function and that DS rats may have a deficit of medullary substrate availability and NO production.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity Are Independently Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome, Results from the SCAPIS Pilot Study

Background Previous studies on the relation between lifestyle and the metabolic syndrome lack one or several aspects of the physical activity pattern in the analyses or cardiorespiratory fitness. Likewise, both uni- and triaxial accelerometry have been used, though, the predictive validity of these two modes has not been compared. Objectives The aims of the present study were firstly to investigate the independent relation between cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity pattern to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and secondly to examine the predictive validity of uni- and triaxial accelerometry, respectively. Methods Data was extracted from the SCAPIS pilot study (n=930, mean age 57.7 yrs). Physical activity pattern was assessed by accelerometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness was estimated using cycle ergometry. MetS was defined per the Adult Treatment Panel III from the National Cholesterol Education Program definition. Results Time spent sedentary (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.54-4.24 for T3 vs T1), in light intensity (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.90) and in moderate-to-vigorous activity (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.18-0.61), as well as cardiorespiratory fitness (OR: 0.24, 95% CI:0.12-0.48), were all independently related to the prevalence of MetS after adjustment for potential confounders, fitness and/or the other aspects of the physical activity pattern. In addition, we found that triaxial analyses were more discriminant, with ORs farther away from the reference group and additional significant ORs. Conclusion The finding that several aspects of the physical activity pattern reveal independent relations to the MetS makes new possible targets for behaviour change of interest, focusing on both exercise and everyday life. When assessing the risk status of a patient, it is advised that triaxial accelerometry is used.
Analytical transmission electron microscopy

Analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to reveal sub-micrometer, internal fine structure (the microstructure or ultrastructure ) and chemistry in minerals. The amount and scale of the information which can be extracted by TEM depends critically on four parameters; the resolving power of the microscope (usually smaller than 0.3 nm); the energy spread of the electron beam (of the order of an electron volt, eV); the thickness of the specimen (almost always significantly less than 1 μm), and the composition and stability of the specimen. An introductory text on all types of electron microscopy is provided by Goodhew et al. (2001), while more detailed information on transmission electron microscopy may be found in the comprehensive text of Williams and Carter (2009). ### Basic design of transmission electron microscopes (TEM) The two available modes of TEM—CTEM and STEM—differ principally in the way they address the specimen. Conventional TEM (CTEM) is a wide-beam technique, in which a close-to-parallel electron beam floods the whole area of interest and the image (or diffraction pattern), formed by an imaging (objective) lens after the thin specimen from perhaps 106–107 pixels on a digital camera, is collected in parallel . Scanning TEM (STEM) deploys a fine focused beam, formed by a probe-forming lens before the thin specimen, to address each pixel (here, a dwell point) in series and form a sequential image as the probe is scanned across the specimen. Figures 1 and 2 summarize these different instrument designs; here it should be noted that many modern TEM instruments are capable of operating in both modes, rather than being instruments dedicated to one mode of operation. In both types of instrument analytical information from a small region is usually collected using a focused beam. The smallest region from which an analysis can be collected is defined by the diameter of …