Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commentary: Dapagliflozin Mediates Plin5/PPARα Signaling Axis to Attenuate Cardiac Hypertrophy

Recently, we read the article published in frontiers in Pharmacology on 23 September 2021 written by Yu et al. (2021) with great interest: “Dapagliflozin Mediates Plin5/PPARα Signaling Axis to Attenuate Cardiac Hypertrophy. ” In this article, the authors explored the molecular mechanism of dapagliflozin (DAPA) to relieve cardiac hypertrophy by conducting gene microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and subsequently performing signaling pathway enrichment analysis. The study is of vital significance. However, we believe bioinformatics analysis has some weak points in the original article. In the original article, microarray analysis was used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) group, AAC + DAPA group, and the sham group. The authors applied “fold change >1.5 or fold change <−1.5” as the threshold for significant differential expression. In the “Data Availability Statement” section of the original article, we noticed that the microarray GSE183120 that the authors analyzed was publicly available at the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi? acc= GSE183120). On the GEO website, we could see only one sample in each of the groups depicted as sham, AAC, and AAC + DAPA, which means the p-value could not be generated with only one sample per group. Thus, the identification of DEGs may not be statistically significant. What is more, it is noteworthy that the platform shown in the GEO database of GSE183120 is “GPL23038 [Clariom_S_Mouse] Affymetrix Clariom S Assay, Mouse (Includes Pico Assay)” rather than what the authors mentioned in the section of “Microarray Profiling,” “Affymetrix GeneChip PrimeviewTM. ” Herein, we re-analyzed the microarray GSE183120 using “Transcriptome Analysis Console” (TAC software, version 4.0, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and produced different results. TAC4.0 is a software developed for researchers with no or little experience in bioinformatics, and it is suitable for Affymetrix microarray transcriptome analysis. Consistent with the original article, we also applied “fold change >1.5 or fold change <−1.5” as the threshold for significant differential expression, and other settings were default. We found that 2021 genes changed significantly, with 945 genes upregulated and 1,076 genes downregulated in the AAC + DAPA group compared with the AAC group, which was similar to the results of the original article. On the contrary, we were failed to reproduce fold change values of more than half of the representative genes, as shown in Table 1. In the results of our analysis (Table 2), representative genes showed the opposite direction in sham/AAC (sham vs. AAC comparison). For example, STAT1 was upregulated in the AAC Edited by: Ebru Arioglu Inan, Ankara University, Turkey
Secondhand Smoke in the Workplace Is Associated With Depression in Korean Workers

Background Smoking negatively affects health, and previous studies argue that secondhand smoke (SHS) has a significantly negative health effect. We investigated whether SHS in the workplace influences workers' depression. Methods Three years of data (2014, 2016, and 2018) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Participants who were not current smokers were classified into the occupational SHS exposed and non-exposed groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by adjusting various covariates. Stratified analysis with variables, such as year, sex, occupational classification, average working hours, was additionally performed. Results The crude ORs of depression was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.27–1.80), and the fully adjusted OR with all the covariates was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.30–1.88). This indicated a significant relationship between occupational SHS and depression. The ORs increased every 2 years: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.79–1.44) in 2014, 1.88 (95% CI: 1.34–2.64) in 2016, and 2.07 (95% CI: 1.43–2.99) in year 2018. Stratification analysis also showed a significant association between SHS and depression among those in the prolonged work hours group and male employees, as well as blue- and white-collar workers. Conclusion SHS in the workplace was significantly associated with workers' depression. Our study provides insights into the impact of exposure to SHS for workers and provides a basis for further research and policy-making in this field.
Robot Pintar Penyambut Costumer pada Pusat Perbelanjaan Kota Manado

Aspects of robotics technology have now been able to explore and reach the entertainment, education, and health. Making robots with privileges and special expertise is closely related to the needs of the modern world that requires a device with a high capacity are useful to help the work of man. On the other hand , advanced technology is useful to complete the work that could not and did not want to do by men as a greeter job. Greeter costumer jobs is a very tedious job. So it is necessary in the field of robotics technology that is smart robot greeter customers that replace the role of humans to improve the quality of waiters, efficiency, and economical savings at shopping centers in the city of Manado. The smart robot is designed to greet the customer by giving the greeting on the customer entrance and exit shopping center. The robot system is powered with less use of multiple technologies including ultrasonic distance and PIR sensors to detect humans, servo and DC motor as an actuator of the robot , and use voice module so that the robot can speak. The robot system is also equipped with a remote control using the Android smartphone so the smart robot can perform monitoring, operation , and control over long distances. The test results describe the action of robots have been able to make the detection of costumer and activities greeting the customer with the analysis of determining the value of the parameter distance between ultrasonic sensors use trigonometry comparative analysis.
What Is It Like to Be a Bass? Red Herrings, Fish Pain and the Study of Animal Sentience

Debates around fishes' ability to feel pain concern sentience: do reactions to tissue damage indicate evaluative consciousness (conscious affect), or mere nociception? Thanks to Braithwaite's discovery of trout nociceptors, and concerns that current practices could compromise welfare in countless fish, this issue's importance is beyond dispute. However, nociceptors are merely necessary, not sufficient, for true pain, and many measures held to indicate sentience have the same problem. The question of whether fish feel pain – or indeed anything at all – therefore stimulates sometimes polarized debate. Here, we try to bridge the divide. After reviewing key consciousness concepts, we identify “red herring” measures that should not be used to infer sentience because also present in non-sentient organisms, notably those lacking nervous systems, like plants and protozoa (P); spines disconnected from brains (S); decerebrate mammals and birds (D); and humans in unaware states (U). These “S.P.U.D. subjects” can show approach/withdrawal; react with apparent emotion; change their reactivity with food deprivation or analgesia; discriminate between stimuli; display Pavlovian learning, including some forms of trace conditioning; and even learn simple instrumental responses. Consequently, none of these responses are good indicators of sentience. Potentially more valid are aspects of working memory, operant conditioning, the self-report of state, and forms of higher order cognition. We suggest new experiments on humans to test these hypotheses, as well as modifications to tests for “mental time travel” and self-awareness (e.g., mirror self-recognition) that could allow these to now probe sentience (since currently they reflect perceptual rather than evaluative, affective aspects of consciousness). Because “bullet-proof” neurological and behavioral indicators of sentience are thus still lacking, agnosticism about fish sentience remains widespread. To end, we address how to balance such doubts with welfare protection, discussing concerns raised by key skeptics in this debate. Overall, we celebrate the rigorous evidential standards required by those unconvinced that fish are sentient; laud the compassion and ethical rigor shown by those advocating for welfare protections; and seek to show how precautionary principles still support protecting fish from physical harm.
Combination therapy with rifaximin and lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rifaximin and lactulose are widely used in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE); however, data on whether the combined use of rifaximin and lactulose could yield additional benefits for patients with HE are limited and inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone in patients with HE. Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for eligible RCTs from their inception until November 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to calculate pooled effect estimates for the treatment effectiveness of rifaximin plus lactulose versus lactulose alone by using the random-effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were also performed. We included 7 RCTs enrolling 843 patients with HE. We noted that the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with an increased incidence of effective rate than lactulose alone (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.53; P = 0.002). Moreover, the use of rifaximin plus lactulose was associated with a reduced risk of mortality as compared with lactulose alone (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41–0.80; P = 0.001). This study found that the use of rifaximin in combination with lactulose could provide additional benefits in terms of increased effective rate and decreased mortality than lactulose alone in patients with HE.
Epigenetic Differences in Long Non-coding RNA Expression in Finnish and Russian Karelia Teenagers With Contrasting Risk of Allergy and Asthma

Background Previously, we investigated skin microbiota and blood cell gene expression in Finnish and Russian teenagers with contrasting incidence of allergic conditions. The microbiota and transcriptomic signatures were distinctly different, with high Acinetobacter abundance and suppression of genes regulating innate immune response in healthy subjects. Objective Here, we investigated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles of blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy and allergic subjects, to identify lncRNAs that act at the interphase of microbiome-mediated immune homeostasis in allergy/asthma. Methods Genome-wide co-expression network analyses of blood cell lncRNA/mRNA expression was integrated with skin microbiota profiles of Finnish (69) and Russian (75) subjects. Selected lncRNAs were validated by stimulation of cohort-derived PBMCs and a macrophage cell model with birch pollen allergen (Betv1) or lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Results Finnish and Russian PBMCs were differentiated by 3,818 lncRNA transcripts. In the Finnish subjects with high prevalence of allergy and asthma, a subset of 37 downregulated lncRNAs (including, FAM155A-IT1 and LOC400958) were identified. They were part of a co-expression network with 20 genes known to be related to asthma and allergic rhinitis (R > 0.95). Incidentally, all these 20 genes were also components of pathways corresponding to cellular response to bacterium. The Finnish and Russian samples were also differentiated by the abundance of 176 bacterial OTU (operational taxonomic units). The subset of 37 lncRNAs, associated with allergy, was most correlated with the abundance of Acinetobacter (R > +0.5), Jeotgalicoccus (R > +0.5), Corynebacterium (R < −0.5) and Micrococcus (R < −0.5). Conclusion In Finnish and Russian teenagers with contrasting allergy and asthma prevalence, epigenetic differences in lncRNA expression appear to be important components of the underlying microbiota-immune interactions. Unraveling the functions of the 37 differing lncRNAs may be the key to understanding microbiome-immune crosstalk, and to develop clinically relevant biomarkers.
Gas temperature control of a high-temperature gas trial system

This paper introduces the function and the work principle of a high-temperature gas trial system (HTGTS), elaborates the importance of gas temperature control in the system, and provides the mathematical models of the system. According to the problems such as time delay, time-variant parameters, interference and so on exist in the control system of gas temperature; a cascade control strategy for the control of gas temperature is proposed. The simulation is carried out by using different control algorithms for the cascade control strategy of gas temperature. The simulation results show that the cascade control strategy named SDMC-LevfuzzyPID algorithm which proposed in this paper has better control performance than the traditional PID-PID algorithm.
The Influence of Preoperative Mood and Treatment Expectations on Early Postsurgical Acute Pain After a Total Knee Replacement

Background Reducing postoperative pain immediately after surgery is crucial because severe postoperative pain reduces quality of life and increases the likelihood that patients develop chronic pain. Even though postoperative pain has been widely studied and there are national guidelines for pain management, the postoperative course is differently from one patient to the next. Different postoperative courses could be explained by factors related to the treatment context and the patients. Preoperative emotional states and treatment expectations are significant predictors of postoperative pain. However, the interaction between emotional states and preoperative treatment expectations and their effect on postoperative pain have not yet been studied. The aim of our study was to identify the interaction between emotional states, treatment expectation and early postsurgical acute pain. Methods In this prospective clinical trial, we enrolled patients who had received a TKR at a German hospital between October 2015 and March 2019. Patients rated their preoperative pain on a numeric rating scale (NRS) 0–10 (0 = no pain and 10 = worst pain imaginable), their emotional states preoperatively on the Pain and State of Health Inventory (PHI), their preoperative treatment expectations on the Stanford Expectation of Treatment Scale (SETS), and their postoperative level of pain on a NRS 0–10. Findings The questionnaires were completed by 122 patients (57% female). Emotional states predict negative treatment expectation F(6, 108) = 8.32, p < 0.001, with an excellent goodness-of-fit, R2 = 0.31. Furthermore, a mediator analysis revealed that the indirect effects and therefore relationship between the emotional states sad (ab = 0.06, 95% CI[0.01, 0.14]), anxious (ab = 0.13, 95% CI[0.04, 0.22]), and irritable (ab = 0.09, 95% CI[0.03, 0.17]) and postoperative pain is fully mediated by negative treatment expectations. Whereas the emotional states tired (ab = 0.09, 95% CI[0.03, 0.17]), dizzy/numb (ab = 0.07, 95% CI[0.01, 0.20]), weak (ab = 0.08, 95% CI[0.03, 0.16] are partially mediated by negative treatment expectations. Conclusion The relationship between emotional states and postoperative pain is mediated by negative treatment expectations. Therefore, innovative treatment strategies to reduce postoperative pain should focus on eliminating negative treatment expectation through establishing a differentiated preoperative expectation management program that also focuses on emotional states.
Nested Lifecycles-Improving the Visibility of Product Lifespans in Smart Factories

Within the smart factory environment, we have a complex system of systems composed of Industry 4.0/digital technologies and assets with varying lifespans. Different degrees of innovation maturity and different lifespans of integrated assets within the industrial internet of things (IIOT) are considered problematic and lead to different perspectives on asset lifecycles as they impact significantly on the asset lifespans. This leads to the loss of a clear end-of-life phase defined in existing Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) models. Through an integrative literature review, this study introduces the concept of nested lifecycles that takes a systems perspective to asset management, and considers subsystems with different lifespans that must be managed holistically by different actors with different perspectives. Additionally, this study provides a framework to derive strategies for lifecycle management by allowing the nested lifecycles to be clearly identified and then addressed. From the theoretical perspective, the notion of nested lifecycles provides a novel viewpoint for the asset management and PLM research community. From the managerial perspective, the proposed framework will help managers identify why and where collaboration between different actors may create difficulties due to their varying outlooks and training.
Comprehensive Analysis of a Dust Storm by a Lidar Network Combined With Multiple Data

In order to improve the accuracy of dust storm prediction and reduce the damage and losses by a dust storm event, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the same. The data of the national air quality stations, backward trajectories generated by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT), and the lidar network data from Wuwei, Baiyin, and Dingxi were used to study a large-scale dust storm event that occurred from 12 to 14 May 2019. This study explores the cause of the dust storm and physical characteristics of dust aerosols in three-dimensional space, as well as its impact on air quality. Results show that the dust storm was caused by the eastward movement of the East Asian trough and affected most cities in northern China from northwest to southeast. Consequently, the air quality deteriorated seriously, especially over the Hexi Corridor. The hourly peak concentrations of PM10 in Wuwei and Baiyin were close to 3,000 μg·m−3. The observations from the lidar network show that the dust intensities were similar at different cities, and their extinction coefficients were close. However, the depolarization ratio varied with sources and the physical characteristics of dust particles. According to the simulation results of extinction coefficients and particle concentrations, due to the impact of dust transported at high altitudes, the concentration of particles in Dingxi did not decrease with the increase in altitude. The particle concentrations from ground-based monitoring were lower than those of Baiyin and Wuwei, while particle concentrations above 0.3 km were higher than those of Baiyin and Wuwei.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Rice Leaves Reveals a Vesicle Trafficking Network in Plant Immunity That Is Provoked by Blast Fungi

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases in rice and can affect rice production worldwide. Rice plasma membrane (PM) proteins are crucial for rapidly and precisely establishing a defense response in plant immunity when rice and blast fungi interact. However, the plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network mediated by PM proteins is poorly understood. In this study, to explore changes in PM proteins during M. oryzae infection, the PM proteome was analyzed via iTRAQ in the resistant rice landrace Heikezijing. A total of 831 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, including 434 upregulated and 397 downregulated DEPs. In functional analyses, DEPs associated with vesicle trafficking were significantly enriched, including the “transport” term in a Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the endocytosis and phagosome pathways in a Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and vesicle-associated proteins identified via a protein–protein interaction network analysis. OsNPSN13, a novel plant-specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) 13 protein, was identified as an upregulated DEP, and transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed enhanced blast resistance, while transgenic knockdown plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants. The changes in abundance and putative functions of 20 DEPs revealed a possible vesicle trafficking network in the M. oryzae-rice interaction. A comparative proteomic analysis of plasma membrane proteins in rice leaves revealed a plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network that is provoked by blast fungi; these results provide new insights into rice resistance responses against rice blast fungi.
Age of Acquisition Modulates Alpha Power During Bilingual Speech Comprehension in Noise

Research on bilingualism has grown exponentially in recent years. However, the comprehension of speech in noise, given the ubiquity of both bilingualism and noisy environments, has seen only limited focus. Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies in monolinguals show an increase in alpha power when listening to speech in noise, which, in the theoretical context where alpha power indexes attentional control, is thought to reflect an increase in attentional demands. In the current study, English/French bilinguals with similar second language (L2) proficiency and who varied in terms of age of L2 acquisition (AoA) from 0 (simultaneous bilinguals) to 15 years completed a speech perception in noise task. Participants were required to identify the final word of high and low semantically constrained auditory sentences such as “Stir your coffee with a spoon” vs. “Bob could have known about the spoon” in both of their languages and in both noise (multi-talker babble) and quiet during electrophysiological recording. We examined the effects of language, AoA, semantic constraint, and listening condition on participants’ induced alpha power during speech comprehension. Our results show an increase in alpha power when participants were listening in their L2, suggesting that listening in an L2 requires additional attentional control compared to the first language, particularly early in processing during word identification. Additionally, despite similar proficiency across participants, our results suggest that under difficult processing demands, AoA modulates the amount of attention required to process the second language.