Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Local Analgesic, Lidocaine, Did Not Affect Short‐Term Welfare during Electroanesthesia of a Teleost Fish

In recent decades, fisheries research has benefited from the use of various forms of electroimmobilization to facilitate fish handling through rapid induction and recovery times, capacity to allow immediate release, and other advantages not shared by pharmaceuticals. However, as electroimmobilization becomes increasingly prevalent, it is expected that animal care committees may require electroimmobilized fish to also receive chemical anesthetics or analgesics. We experimentally investigated whether the administration of lidocaine (a local analgesic at ~ 1 mg/kg body mass) to electroanesthetized fish resulted in any welfare-relevant differences in the behavior and physiology of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides during and after standardized intracoelomic tag implantation surgeries relative to a group that received a saline sham. We also used multiple control treatments to examine potential behavioral and physiological effects of handling, electroanesthesia, surgery, and the drug administration process. We quantified voluntary movements on the surgery table, ventilation rates after surgery, reflexes, and emergence/exploration in a behavioral arena. Primary and secondary stress biomarkers also were used to evaluate physiological stress over a 2-h period postsurgery. The administration of lidocaine at the tested dose did not facilitate fish handling during surgery and did not affect changes in the physiological stress response relative to the saline control. Swimming activity postsurgery was lower in fish treated with lidocaine; however, other differences in behavior were negligible. Electroanesthesia alone was able to sufficiently facilitate the surgical procedures by limiting voluntary escape attempts without significantly exacerbating physiological stress from handling. There does not appear to be any advantage to adding lidocaine to the protocol. *Corresponding author: connorreid@cmail.carleton. ca Received October 20, 2020; accepted January 22, 2021 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 150:477–489, 2021 © 2021 American Fisheries Society ISSN: 0002-8487 print / 1548-8659 online DOI: 10.1002/tafs.10297
Synthesis and Characterization of Dimeric Thio-Schiff Bases by Nano Cerium Oxide and Examination of Their Antimicrobial Activities

In this work, firstly, CeO2 nanoparticles, which can be used as catalysts in many reactions, were synthesized by preparing aqueous solution of cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate in basic medium. In the second step, the synthesis of dimeric thio Schiff bases was carried out using two different methods. Effect of catalyst on some parameters such as reaction time and yield of product were investigated. The antimicrobial activities of the ligands have been screened in vitro against the organisms Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus (Gram positive bacteria) and Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. glabrata by Disc Diffusion and Microdilution methods. At the same time, antimicrobial activities of ligands were compared to standard antibiotics (Cefotaxime, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Posacanazole, Nystatin and Gentamicin). Generally, the results obtained in this research showed that all tested ligands exhibited more effect towards Gram positive bacteria and Candida species as compared to standard antibiotics.
An Experimental Study on D2D Route Selection Mechanism in 5G Scenarios

This paper demonstrates a route selection mechanism on a testbed with heterogeneous device-to-device (D2D) wireless communication for a 5G network scenario. The source node receives information about the primary users’ (PUs’) (or licensed users’) activities and available routes from the macrocell base station (or a central controller) and makes a decision to select a multihop route to the destination node. The source node from small cells can either choose: (a) a route with direct communication with the macrocell base station to improve the route performance; or (b) a route with D2D communication among nodes in the small cells to offload traffic from the macrocell to improve spectrum efficiency. The selected D2D route has the least PUs’ activities. The route selection mechanism is investigated on our testbed that helps to improve the accuracy of network performance measurement. In traditional testbeds, each node (e.g., Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) that serves as the front-end communication block) is connected to a single processing unit (e.g., a personal computer) via a switch using cables. In our testbed, each USRP node is connected to a separate processing unit, i.e., raspberry Pi3 B+ (or RP3), which offers three main advantages: (a) control messages and data packets are exchanged via the wireless medium; (b) separate processing units make decisions in a distributed and heterogeneous manner; and (c) the nodes are placed further apart from one another. Therefore, in the investigation of our route selection scheme, the response delay of control message exchange and the packet loss caused by the operating environment (e.g., ambient noise) are implied in our end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio measurement. Our results show an increase of end-to-end delay and a decrease of packet delivery ratio due to the transmission of control messages and data packets in the wireless medium in the presence of the dynamic PUs’ activities. Furthermore, D2D communication can offload 25% to 75% traffic from macrocell base station to small cells.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Surface Water Quality in Dong Thap Province, Vietnam Using Water Quality Index and Statistical Approaches

The study was conducted to spatiotemporally analyze the quality, location and critical water variables influencing water quality using water monitoring data from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Dong Thap province in 2019. The water quality parameters including turbidity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite (N-NO2−), nitrate (N-NO3−), ammonium (N-NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate (P-PO43−), chloride (Cl−), oil and grease, sulfate (SO42−), coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were collected at 58 locations with the frequency of four times per year (February, May, August, and November). These parameters were compared with national technical regulation on surface water quality—QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated and spatially presented by geographical information system (GIS) tool. Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the correlation among water quality parameters, group and reduce the sampling sites, and identify key parameters and potential water pollution sources. The results showed that TSS, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the significant concerns impairing the water quality. Water quality was assessed from poor to medium levels by WQI analysis. CA suggested that the current monitoring locations could be reduced from 58 sites to 43 sites which can be saved the total monitoring budget up to 25.85%. PCA showed that temperature, pH, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, N-NO2−, TN, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the key water parameters influencing water quality in Dong Thap province’s canals and rivers; thus, these parameters should be monitored annually. The water pollution sources were possibly hydrological conditions, water runoff, riverbank erosion, domestic and urban activities, and industrial and agricultural discharges. Significantly, the municipal and agricultural wastes could be decisive factors to the change of surface water quality in the study area. Further studies need to focus on identifying sources of water pollution for implementing appropriate water management strategies.
Clinical manifestations of Rift Valley fever in humans: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging, neglected, mosquito-borne viral zoonosis associated with significant morbidity, mortality and expanding geographical scope. The clinical signs and symptoms in humans are non-specific and case definitions vary. We reviewed and analysed the clinical manifestations of RVF in humans. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis we searched on different dates, the Embase (from 1947 to 13th October 2019), Medline (1946 to 14th October 2019), Global Health (1910 to 15th October 2019), and Web of Science (1970 to 15th October 2019) databases. Studies published in English, reporting frequency of symptoms in humans, and laboratory confirmed RVF were included. Animal studies, studies among asymptomatic volunteers, and single case reports for which a proportion could not be estimated, were excluded. Quality assessment was done using a modified Hoy and Brooks et al tool, data was extracted, and pooled frequency estimates calculated using random effects meta-analysis. Results Of the 3765 articles retrieved, less than 1% (32 articles) were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Nine RVF clinical syndromes were reported including the general febrile, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, haemorrhagic, visual, neurological, cardio-pulmonary, and obstetric syndromes. The most common clinical manifestations included fever (81%; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 69–91; [26 studies, 1286 patients]), renal failure (41%; 23–59; [4, 327]), nausea (38%; 12–67; [6, 325]), jaundice (26%; 16–36; [15, 393]), haemorrhagic disease (26%; 17–36; [16, 277]), partial blindness (24%; 7–45; [11, 225]), encephalitis (21%; 11–33; [4, 327]), cough (4%; 0–17; [4, 11]), and miscarriage (54%) respectively. Death occurred in 21% (95% CI 14–29; [16 studies, 328 patients]) of cases, most of whom were hospitalised. Discussion This study delineates the complex symptomatology of human RVF disease into syndromes. This approach is likely to improve case definitions and detection rates, impact outbreak control, increase public awareness about RVF, and subsequently inform ‘one-health’ policies. This study provides a pooled estimate of the proportion of RVF clinical manifestations alongside a narrative description of clinical syndromes. However, most studies reviewed were case series with small sample sizes and enrolled mostly in-patients and out-patients, and captured symptoms either sparsely or using broad category terms.
Impact of Corporate Political Connections on Cost of Equity: A Dynamic Panel Approach

We analyze the impact of corporate political connections on the cost of equity of non-financial firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange. We extract data from the DataStream and Election Commission of Pakistan for the years 2001 to 2018. The Generalized Method of Moments is used for data analysis. This research finds that firms use political connections to enjoy a lower cost of equity capital. Further, firms with strong ties to political power obtain more benefits on financing cost as compared to non-connected firms. Besides, we also find that firms affiliated with a large business group enjoy a lower cost of equity than non-affiliated connected firms. The findings may be helpful for regulators to formulate suitable policies concerning the use of corporate political strategies and to assist unconnected and non-affiliated firms to access finance easily.
Content Analysis of Edible oil TV advertisements, and Consumer Perceptions Regarding these advertisements: a Mixed-Method Study

This study aimed at the content analysis of edible oil TV advertisements and consumer perceptions regarding these advertisements in 2020. A total of 3266 edible oil advertisements broadcasted on five major Iranian national television channels were videotaped for content analysis during three months. The result of content analysis conducted that, the majority of edible oil advertisements were related to frying oils (62%), and olive oil advertising was the last one (6%). The most slogan contents of edible oil advertisements were no palm. During the prime time of TV viewing, the advertisements portrayed unhealthy messages. Then ten focus group discussions (FGDs) were held. Advertising was the main factor affecting consumer edible oil purchases that may motivate them to eat more frying foods and change their purchase behavior towards the consumption of edible oils more than the recommended limits. Advertisement marketing companies must use healthy and informative advertisement content to increase community awareness and promote building consumer trust. Policymakers should pass new laws for controlling edible oil advertisements to prevent non-communicable diseases
Compulsive Buying Behaviour of Credit Card Users and Affecting Factors Such as Financial Knowledge, Prestige and Retention Time: A Cross-sectional Research

A leading concern in client and vender relations is that the rising new situation of influence deploying of the credit card market. This situation is accountable for compulsive buying, which has disapprovingly exaggerated consumers, leading to impossible debt levels. Financial counsellors search for why and how individuals get themselves into financial debt. Compulsive buying behaviour and credit card could have a powerful effect on consumers’ financial stability. Further, in place of comprehending credit card usage and compulsive buying, this study correlates them with wealth attitudes such as power-prestige, financial knowledge and retention time. A cross-sectional descriptive research design using convenience sampling and non-probability sampling with quota samples of 313 credit cardholders was surveyed. The outcome showed that those with power-prestige money attitudes are likely to have free usage of credit cards through compulsive spending. Results also showed that those with a higher financial understanding have lower compulsive spending off the credit card.
Comparation of Bacterial and Archaea Diversity in Uncultivated and Cultivated Typical Black Soil in Northeast China

Understanding the effects of tillage on the community composition and diversity of bacteria and archaea is useful for the long-term sustainable utilization of black soil. In this study, non-disturbed virgin black soil (NDBS) in the past 60 years, and the adjacent black soil under the arable land farming (DFBS) and paddy rice (PBS) for 3 years were chosen to investigate the microbial characteristics and their relationship with physical and chemical properties. The microbial diversity was investigated using 16S rRNA genes high-throughput sequencing technique and its relationship with soil physic-chemical properties was analyzed by redundancy analysis. The diversity of archaea decreased significantly after arable land farming. After conversion from arable land farming to rice paddy, the diversity of bacteria increased significantly, while the diversity of archaea increased significantly. In DFBS, the available phosphorus increased significantly, yet pH, organic matter and available potassium decreased significantly. However, the pH and available phosphorus increased significantly, organic matter and total nitrogen decreased significantly in PBS. The soil pH had the closest correlation with the microbial diversity. These indicated that tillage disturbance changed the diversity of bacteria and archaea as well as physical and chemical properties in black soil.
Working towards Sustainable Innovation for Green Waste Benefits: The Role of Awareness of Consequences in the Adoption of Shaded Cocoa Agroforestry in Ghana

Drawing on the awareness of consequence literature, this paper unpacks how the awareness of the consequences of full-sun cocoa production can encourage farmers to adopt shaded cocoa agroforestry that preserves the land and favours better cocoa farm waste management. Using Ghana as a case study, the paper provides distinctive insights on how shaded cocoa agroforestry systems provide sustainable yields in the medium- to long-term, relative to unshaded systems. We also find that cocoa farmers’ awareness of consequences about the effects of undertaking unshaded cocoa production could make individual farmers exhibit pro-environmental behaviour, leading to the adoption of cocoa agroforestry systems that help preserve soil fertility and improve waste management. We recommend that the utilization of awareness of consequence protocols, coupled with the efficient diffusion of information on the benefits of agroforestry in terms of waste management and environmental improvements to the cocoa farmers, could increase the adoption of shaded cocoa production regimes in Ghana.
P‐4.6: One‐way Observable Aero Signage Display Which Enables to Make Transparent View from Back Side Using Dye‐doped Optical Prisms

The authors had developed the origami‐oriented seven‐segment numeric display for aero signage. However our proposed display has a defect that one ends up perceiving wrong messages when he watches them from back side. The keyword of this research is 'invisible. ' Suppose that you look Arabic numerals on glass windows. Which does it mean ‘85’ or ‘28’? You end up watching the mirrored images when you view from back side. So let us make the mirrored image invisible. This is our research goal and motivation. In 2019, the authors proposed the unidirectional observable aero signage using prisms and total internal reflection. This paper shows our one‐way observable sevensegment numeric display which enables to make perfectly transparent view form back side using novel dye‐doped resin blocks without color panels or paints. Moreover the authors describe a unidirectional observable dot matrix display which enables to make transparent view from back side.
A Robust Controller for Battery Energy Storage System of an Islanded AC Microgrid

A battery energy storage system (BESS) can play a critical role in regulating system frequency and voltage in an islanded microgrid. A $\mu$-synthesis-based robust control has been proposed for dc link voltage regulation of BESS for achieving frequency regulation and voltage quality enhancement of islanded microgrid. Variation in the operating condition of ac microgrid affects the operating condition of the BESS’ converter. This controller synthesis accounts for such uncertain variations as parametric uncertainty. The stability and performance of the proposed controller can be guaranteed for bounded parametric variations. The bounds on parameters are selected based on practical limitations of BESS. In this article, the proposed controller's performance is tested on an islanded CIGRE TF C6:04:02 benchmark low voltage ac microgrid system. The importance of dc link voltage regulation is analyzed based on performance comparison with a benchmark controller. The controller performance is also validated using a real-time Typhoon HIL emulator.
Simulation of waves of partial discharges in a chain of gas inclusions located in condensed dielectrics

A stochastic model of partial discharges inside gas inclusions in condensed dielectrics was developed. The possibility of a "relay-race" wave propagation mechanism of partial discharges in a linear chain of gas inclusions is shown. The lattice Boltzmann method is successfully implemented for three-dimensional computer simulations of flows of dielectric fluid with bubbles. Growth and elongation of bubbles in a liquid dielectric under the action of a strong electric field are simulated. The physical model of propagation of partial discharges along a chain of gas bubbles in a liquid is formulated.
Container-Based Virtualization for Bluetooth Low Energy Sensor Devices in Internet of Things Applications

Internet of Things (IoT) has become a continuously growing concept with the developments of ubiquitous computing, wireless sensor networks (WSN). With the industry 4.0 revolution, all production activities such as logistics, finance, agriculture, energy and almost all the service and infrastructure applications used by people in the cities we live in will undergo a major change within the IoT paradigm. In this study, a prototype model has been developed and its performance is investigated. Our prototype model can reach the advertisement data of Bluetooth Low Energy sensor devices by using container-based virtualization technology and directly working at layer 2 (L2) of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Virtualization mechanism for the sensor devices could help to exchange context-aware information with Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) structure. Also with virtualization may emerge interoperable sensor node platforms of heterogeneous environments from different vendors.
A Drone-Enabled Approach for Gas Leak Detection Using Optical Flow Analysis

The recent development of gas imaging technologies has raised a growing interest for various applications. Gas imaging can significantly enhance functional safety by early detection of hazardous gas leaks. Moreover, optical gas imaging technologies can be used to identify possible gas leakages and to investigate the amount of gas emission in industrial sites, which is essential, primarily based on current efforts to decrease greenhouse gas emissions all around the world. Therefore, exploring the solutions for automating the inspection process can persuade industries for more regular tests and monitoring. One of the main challenges in gas imaging is the proximity condition required for data to be more reliable for analysis. Therefore, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles can be very advantageous as they can provide significant access due to their maneuver capabilities. Despite the advantages of using drones, their movements and sudden motions during hovering can diminish data usability. In this paper, we propose a method for gas leak detection and visually-enhancement of gas emanation involving stabilization and gas leak detection steps. In addition, a comparative analysis of candidate stabilization techniques is conducted to find the most suitable technique for the drone-based application. Moreover, the system is evaluated using three experiments respectively on an isolated environment, a real scenario, and a drone-based inspection.
Alkaline earth atom doping-induced changes in the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene: a density functional theory study

Density functional theory was used to investigate the effects of doping alkaline earth metal atoms (beryllium, magnesium, calcium and strontium) on graphene. Electron transfer from the dopant atom to the graphene substrate was observed and was further probed by a combined electron localization function/non-covalent interaction (ELF/NCI) approach. This approach demonstrates that predominantly ionic bonding occurs between the alkaline earth dopants and the substrate, with beryllium doping having a variant characteristic as a consequence of electronegativity equalization attributed to its lower atomic number relative to carbon. The ionic bonding induces spin-polarized electronic structures and lower workfunctions for Mg-, Ca-, and Sr-doped graphene systems as compared to the pristine graphene. However, due to its variant bonding characteristic, Be-doped graphene exhibits non-spin-polarized p-type semiconductor behavior, which is consistent with previous works, and an increase in workfunction relative to pristine graphene. Dirac half-metal-like behavior was predicted for magnesium doped graphene while calcium doped and strontium doped graphene were predicted to have bipolar magnetic semiconductor behavior. These changes in the electronic and magnetic properties of alkaline earth doped graphene may be of importance for spintronic and other electronic device applications.