Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Chip Serration Frequency on Chatter Formation During End Milling of Ti6Al4V

This paper includes the findings of an experimental study on instabilities of the chip formation process during end milling of Ti6Al4V alloy and the influence of these instabilities on chatter formation. It has been identified that the chip formation process has a discrete nature, associated with the periodic shearing process during machining. The chip formed during machining of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is found to be mainly with primary serrated teeth appearing in the main body of the chip. Secondary serrated teeth resulting from the coagulation of a certain number of primary serrated teeth also happen to appear at the free or constrained edge of the chip, especially when the system enters into chatter. In order to identify the interaction of these chip instabilities with the prominent natural vibration of the machine tools system components, the different mode frequencies of the vibrating components of the system have been identified using experimental and finite element modal analyses, and vibration responses during actual cutting have also been recorded using an online vibration monitoring system. The vibration signals in frequency domain (fast Fourier transform) have been analyzed to identify the chatter frequencies and the peak amplitude values. Chatter was found to occur at two dominant mode frequencies of the spindle. These mode frequencies at which chatter occurred have been compared with the chip serration frequencies in a wide cutting speed range for different conditions of cutting. It has been concluded from these findings that chatter occurs during end milling due to the resonance of the machine tools system component when the frequency of primary serrated teeth formation is approximately equal to the "prominent natural frequency" modes of the system components, which are the two mode frequencies of the VMC machine spindle in this particular case.
Real Time Advanced Clustering System

This paper describes a system to gather information from a stationary camera to identify moving objects. The proposed solution makes only use of motion vectors between adjacent frames, obtained from any algorithm. Starting from them, the system is able to retrieve clusters of moving objects in a scene acquired by an image sensor device. Since all the system is only based on optical flow, it is really simple and fast, to be easily integrated directly in low cost cameras. The experimental results show fast and robust performance of our method. The ANSI-C code has been tested on the ARM Cortex A15 CPU @2.32GHz, obtaining an impressive fps, about 3000 fps, excluding optical flow computation and I/O. Moreover, the system has been tested for different applications, cross traffic alert and video surveillance, in different conditions, indoor and outdoor, and with different lenses.
Chaotic Behavior of Heart Rate Signals during Chi and Kundalini Meditation

Nonlinear dynamics has been introduced to the analysis of biological data and increasingly recognized to be functionally relevant. The aim of this study is to quantify and compare the contribution of nonlinear and chaotic dynamics of human heart rate variability during two forms of meditation: (i) Chinese Chi (or Qigong) meditation and (ii) Kundalini Yoga meditation. For this purpose, Poincare plots, Lyapunov exponents and Hurst exponents of heart rate variability signals were analyzed. In this study, we examined the different behavior of heart rate signals during two specific meditation techniques. The results show that heart rate signals became more periodic and their chaotic behavior was decreased in both techniques of meditation. Therefore, nonlinear chaotic indices may serve as a quantitative measure for psychophysiological states such as meditation. In addition, different forms of meditation appear to differentially alter specific components of heart rate signals.
Impact of assorted spices on lipid quality alteration of refrigerated fish muscle.

Biologically important polyunsaturated fatty acid rich fish lipid is highly susceptible to oxidative deterioration. To delay the rate of oxidation three spices - fennel, black-pepper, cinnamon and a synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were mixed separately with homogenized tilapia fish muscle. A non-spiced control was also stored along with the spiced varieties under refrigeration. Over a span of five weeks, total lipid composition and oxidative stability of fish oil was evaluated at an interval of one week on basis of concentration of cholesterol, phospholipid, fatty acid, peroxide, p-anisidine, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), iodine, conjugated diene-triene values. Overall increasing trend was observed in all the values in control except iodine value. Moreover the values recorded were comparatively higher in control than the spiced ones. Cinnamon spiced samples recorded lowest cholesterol and fatty acid concentration indicating successful control of autoxidation. Cinnamon could also remarkably lower phospholipid concentration in the fish samples. Peroxidation was effectively controlled by fennel and pepper on longer duration. Contrary to other spices cinnamon decreased the amount of malonaldehyde accumulation in oil. Overall cinnamon was found to be most effective antioxidant in longer duration where as pepper and fennel was effective for a shorter span.
Training of a fuzzy classifier with polyhedral regions

We discuss a fuzzy classifier with polyhedral regions. First, we generate an initial convex hull with the maximum dimension using the data, included in a class, in the general positions. Next, we modify the convex hull using one training datum at a time by the dynamic convex hull generation method. Finally, for each convex hull we define a membership function using the minimum operator and tune the slopes of the membership functions using the training data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method using two benchmark data sets.
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric scintillations and irregularity zonal drifts at the equatorial anomaly crest region

Abstract. In this study the climatology of ionospheric scintillations and the zonal drift velocities of scintillation-producing irregularities are depicted for a station located under the southern crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly. Then, the α − μ ionospheric fading model is used for the first- and second-order statistical characterization of amplitude scintillations. In the statistical analyzes, data are used from single-frequency GPS receivers acquired during ∼ 17 years (September 1997–November 2014) at Cachoeira Paulista (22.4° S; 45.0° W), Brazil. The results reveal that the nocturnal occurrence of scintillations follows the seasonal distribution of plasma bubble irregularities observed in the longitudinal sector of eastern South America. In addition to the solar cycle dependence, the results suggest that the occurrence climatology of scintillations is also modulated by the secular variation in the dip latitude of Cachoeira Paulista, since the maximum occurrence of scintillations during the peak of solar cycle 24 was ∼ 20 % lower than that observed during the maximum of solar cycle 23. The dynamics of the irregularities throughout a solar cycle, as investigated from the estimates of the mean zonal drift velocities, presented a good correlation with the EUV and F10.7 cm solar fluxes. Meanwhile, the seasonal behavior showed that the magnitude of the zonal drift velocities is larger during the December solstice months than during the equinoxes. In terms of modeling, the results for the α − μ distribution fit quite well with the experimental data and with the temporal characteristics of fading events independently of the solar activity level.
Wet-season effects on the distribution of juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, in tropical nearshore waters

Tropical nearshore environments are highly dynamic systems owing to extreme freshwater flow and flooding episodes that occur in wet-season months. We hypothesised that juvenile sharks in tropical nearshore waters respond to seasonal freshwater inflow by moving away from areas of strong flow. An array of fifty-eight acoustic receivers deployed in Cleveland Bay, north Queensland, Australia, passively tracked thirty-two juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, throughout two wet seasons from 2008 to 2010. Influences associated with wet seasons appeared to play a role in habitat use by juvenile C. amboinensis in this region. Home ranges and distribution of individuals showed distinct changes, with individuals moving north away from sources of freshwater inflow during high flows. The location of individuals within the bay was strongly influenced by freshwater inflow in both years. Although juvenile C. amboinensis moved in response to freshwater inflow, home-range sizes remained stable, and the amount of space individuals used did not change in relation to freshwater inflow. By defining the response of juvenile sharks to highly variable freshwater flow events, this research provides useful information for understanding species behaviour in a dynamic and changing climate, and contributes towards effective management of tropical river systems.
Deep Synthesizer Parameter Estimation

Manual tuning of synthesizer parameters to match a specific sound can be an exhaustive task. This paper proposes an automatic method for synthesizer parameters tuning to match a given input sound. The method is based on strided Convolutional Neural Networks and is capable of inferring the synthesizer parameters configuration from the input spectrogram and even from the raw audio. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated on a subtractive synthesizer with frequency modulation. We present experimental results that showcase the superiority of our model over several baselines. We further show that the network depth is an important factor that contributes to the prediction accuracy.
Testing the Duo-Factor-Model of Return and Volume

Recent theoretical work by Lo and Wang (2000) shows that a multi-factor assetpricingmodel not only imposes factor restrictions on stock returns but on trading volume as well. We explicitly test their theoretical result using individual stock return and turnover data from NYSE and AMEX from 1962 to 1996. We introduce a recently developed consistent statistic by Bai and Ng (2001a) to determine the number of factors in a duo approximate multi factor model for return and turnover. While we find that the duo-factor model captures a great deal of common variation of trading volume, the data rejects a model restriction that excess return and turnover should have the same number of systematic factors. Using the duo-factor-model, we decompose excess return and turnover into systematic and idiosyncratic components. Our empirical work discovers a significant increase in the variation of idiosyncratic turnover through time, analogous to the discovery of a noticeable increase in firm level volatility by Campbell, Lettau, Malkiel and Xu (2001). We also find significant co-movement between volatility and turnover at the systematic levels. Our findings support the view that trading volume is notpurely random but driven by trading activities associated with macroeconomic and firm news.
MAXIMUM ENTROPY MODELING (MAXENT) OF CURRENT AND FUTURE DISTRIBUTIONS OF IPS MANNSFELDI (WACHTL, 1879) (CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) IN TURKEY

Climate change has reached the highest rates of the last 1.400 years. This has begun to attract the attention of researchers, and the number of studies on estimation of the environmental impacts of climate change on species has also begun to increase. Ips mannsfeldi (Wachtl, 1879) is a bark beetle (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) species spreading on black pine (Pinus nigra) fields in Turkey. This study aims to model the current and future (2070) distribution of the species according to two different global climate change scenarios. Locations of I. mannsfeldi specimens that were collected in different stands were recorded with GPS. Current and future potential distribution areas of the species have been determined using maximum entropy modeling. RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios reported in IPCC5 were used to estimate the future potential distribution of the species. As a result of the study, it is determined that the species distributes on the Black pine (Pinus nigra) forests throughout the Mediterranean part of Turkey at the present time. According to projections to 2070 the distribution area will expand towards the Aegean region. Depending on the changing climatic conditions, it can be seen that this species expands its distribution area and may be a potential pest that causes economic damage to black pine fields in the coming period.
Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from Kindirmo and acidity of yoghurt

Milk and milk products are promising sources of energy to meet the global increase in food demand. Lactic acid bacteria are the key organisms in starter culture for milk fermentation. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus themophillus from “kindirmo” have been isolated using the Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) a selective medium for lactic acid bacteria. Kindirmo is a kind of local yoghurt dominantly consumed in sub Saharan Africa and sold by Hausa-Fulani women in Nigeria. The starter culture was obtained from Fulani women hawking kindirmo in Federal University of Technology, Yola and fresh milk from local herdsman. The strains were identified according to their morphological, cultural, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics. Two isolates were able to grow on MRS medium. The isolate that was able to grow at 30 o C, pH 5.4 and 6.3 was Lactobacillus bulgaricus, while the one identified as Streptococcus themophillus does not show any growth at pH 5.4 and temperature of 42 o C. The colonies revealed big sized, circular, irregular, creamy grey colonies indicative of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus themophillus bacteria. There is need to exploit the potential in using the Fulani starter culture for increased yoghurt production using biotechnological techniques such as rational design using site-directed mutagenesis.
Optimization of Cutting Parameter during Turning Using Different Cutting Fluids

Efforts were made to completely eliminate the toxic cutting fluids. In this regards interest in vegetable oil is growing. Minimum quantity lubrication using vegetable based cutting fluids can be used to improve the productivity and avoid environmental detriment. The main objectives of this research are to develop low cost MQL system and to evaluate performance of vegetable oil based on surface roughness. The performance of different vegetable oils such as blasocut-4000, soyabean oil, sunflower oil, groundnut oil and coconut oil is compared during turning AISI 4130. Analysis of the experimental results is performed using response surface methodology. Mathematical model for each performance parameter is developed showing relation between significant parameters such as cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate. ANOVA test is performed to check the competency of the developed model. Optimization of the process parameter is carried out using response surface optimizer. Desirability is calculated to show the feasibility of optimization. The experimental results show that vegetable oil outperforms the mineral based fluid. Among all the vegetable oil soyabean oil gave the best result
05 Discussion Paper Series Preferences for Redistribution in an Aging Economy

It is one of the controversial issues whether and to what extent population aging affects the size of redistribution. Introducing some kind of altruism into a simple overlapping generations model with endogenous labor supply, we examine the relation between population aging and a redistributive tax rate in a voting equilibrium. We can observe the relation tends to be negative in models of intergenerational altruism, but the relation is not monotonic but complex in many cases. It suggests the puzzle of Razin et-al. (2002) may be attributed to lack of information about individual preferences for redistribution. JEL Classification: D31, D64, D72, E62, H11
Prediction of effective thermal conductivity of cellular and polymer composites

Theoretical expression has been developed to predict effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of cellular and polymer composites considering random flow of heat flux lines. The concept of averaging temperature field within different phases has been used. For heterogeneous materials, the parameter F has been introduced in place of physical porosity. Due to the randomness of the flux lines in heterogeneous materials, the laws of statistical mechanics have been used to derive the expression in terms of the ratio of thermal conductivity of the constituents and the physical porosity. Expression so obtained for F is used in the model and it has been found that the predicted results of effective thermal conductivity are quite close to the experimental values. A comparison of the proposed relation with different models has also been made. The modeling and simulation of thermo-physical properties of highly porous materials such as ceramics, composites and metal foams are becoming increasingly important in the technological developments and many engineering applications. It has drawn considerable interest among researchers and industry, from manufacturers to industrial end- users. The most important design variables in the development of these materials are production technologies and the choice of the material making up the solid phase of the composite. The challenges in studying composite materials come mainly from inherent variety and randomness of their internal microstructures and the contact between the phases composed of different materials. A large number of studies have also aimed at exploring the connections between the micro-geometry and the thermal properties of the constituents. To obtain detailed descriptions of the micro-geometries of large structures or components are not an easy task, therefore, most of the approaches for simulating the thermo physical properties of cellular and polymer composites are approximated by periodic micro- geometries that can be described via unit cell using appropriate boundary conditions. Dependence of the effective thermal conductivity of these materials on pore size, shape and packing of the material is a matter of concern to engineers, mathematicians and physicists. As it is not often possible to conduct experiment always, a theoretical expression is needed to predict its values. The high geometrical complexity and the dearth of data in the whole range make it difficult to predict effective properties of the material. Designers of industrial components made of these materials are interested in easy to use methods for describing their thermo-physical behaviour in the whole range.
Contribution of parental attachment and involvement to the academic, emotional and social adjustment to college: A three-year longitudinal study

This three-year longitudinal study explored the effects of parental attachment and initial college adjustment on students' perception of parental involvement in academic functioning as well as contributions of several parenting dimensions to academic, emotional and social adjustments after three years of college. A total of 171 Croatian college students (118 females) completed questionnaires related to their parental attachment, parental involvement in academic functioning, and adjustment to college. Data were analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. Results suggested that parental involvement in academic functioning in the second year is more related to the quality of attachment to parents than to the initial adjustment to college. While attachment was a significant predictor of only emotional adjustment, parental support in academic functioning predicted academic and social adjustment to college after three years of college. Results suggest that various factors related to parenting continue to play an important role in different aspects of students' adjustment to college.
Carbon flow in an upland grassland: effect of liming on the flux of recently photosynthesized carbon to rhizosphere soil

The effect of liming on the flow of recently photosynthesized carbon to rhizosphere soil was studied using 13CO2 pulse labelling, in an upland grassland ecosystem in Scotland. The use of 13C enabled detection, in the field, of the effect of a 4‐year liming period of selected soil plots on C allocation from plant biomass to soil, in comparison with unlimed plots. Photosynthetic rates and carbon turnover were higher in plants grown in limed soils than in those from unlimed plots. Higher δ13C‰ values were detected in shoots from limed plants than in those from unlimed plants in samples clipped within 15 days of the end of pulse labelling. Analysis of the aboveground plant production corresponding to the 4‐year period of liming indicated that the standing biomass was higher in plots that received lime. Lower δ13C‰ values in limed roots compared with unlimed roots were found, whereas no significant difference was detected between soil samples. Extrapolation of our results indicated that more C has been lost through the soil than has been gained via photosynthetic assimilation because of pasture liming in Scotland during the period 1990–1998. However, the uncertainty associated with such extrapolation based on this single study is high and these estimates are provided only to set our findings in the broader context of national soil carbon emissions.
Tax Morale and the Role of Social Norms and Reciprocity: Evidence from a Randomized Survey Experiment

We present the first randomized survey experiment in the context of tax compliance to assess the role of social norms and reciprocity for intrinsic tax morale. We find that participants in a reciprocity treatment have significantly higher tax morale than those in a social-norm treatment. This suggests that a potential backfire effect of social norms is outweighed if the consequences of violating the social norm are made salient. We further document the anatomy of intrinsic motivations for tax compliance and present first evidence that previously found gender effects in tax morale are not driven by differences in risk preferences.
Judicial Gatekeeping of Police-Generated Witness Testimony

This article urges a fundamental change in the administration of criminal justice. It calls for an active role for trial courts in determining the admissibility of police-generated lay witness testimony. The article focuses on what I call “police-generated witness testimony,” by which I mean confessions, police informants, and eyewitness identifications. These types of testimony are leading causes of wrongful convictions. The article shows that heavy-handed tactics by the police have a tendency to produce false evidence of these types, especially when the individuals being questioned by police are particularly vulnerable such as juveniles, or those who are intellectually disabled or mentally ill. It also demonstrates that there are procedural best practices that the police can follow to reduce the dangers of false evidence. The most important feature of the article is the proposal that courts take an active role in ensuring the reliability of criminal trials by invoking their gatekeeping responsibilities in screening police-generated evidence by holding pretrial reliability hearings. Current constitutional doctrine fails to exclude patently unreliable police-generated testimony. However, Rule 403 gives the courts broad discretion to exclude evidence on the grounds that its potential to mislead the jury substantially outweighs its probative value. State due process law can also be invoked. Reliability hearings for lay witness testimony already exist for some types of evidence in criminal cases (mostly defense evidence), and they are also clearly required for expert scientific evidence. Moreover, effective gatekeeping is consistent with the objectives of the rules of evidence, not to mention ethical requirements that judges secure the integrity of the trial process.