Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Cervical Cancer Screening among Village Health Volunteers in Suratthani Province, Thailand

Objective: This research aimed to examine the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and cervical cancer screening of village health volunteers. Methods: The researchers conducted this descriptive research with 279 samples, each recruited using the stratified random samplings. Data were collected in August 2020 using two research instruments included general data and the self-efficacy assessment. The self-efficacy assessment was tested, yielding a reliability score of 0.90. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and point- biserial correlation. Results: The results revealed that the mean scores of perceived self-efficacy were at a high level in (Mean= 4.35, S.D.= 0.77) and perceived self-efficacy of each has the mean scores of at a high level in strength, generality, and magnitude dimension (Mean= 4.27, S.D.= 0.76; Mean= 4.40, S.D.= 1.01; Mean= 4.35, S.D.= 0.76) respectively. There were significantly positive correlations between the perceived self-efficacy and cervical cancer screening at a very high level (r= 0.81, p <0.001). The relationship between the perceived self-efficacy of each in the strength dimension and magnitude dimension with cervical cancer screening was at a very high level of relationship significantly (r= 0.84, 0.82, p < 0.001). The generality dimension was at a high level of relationship significantly. (r= 0.66, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that village health volunteers with high perceived self-efficacy correlated with their confidence screening for cervical cancer. Therefore, village health volunteers should emphasize that women learn and acknowledge the importance of obtaining cervical cancer screening to prevent cervical cancer effectively.
Experiences of End-of-Life Care of Older Adults with Cancer From the Perspective of Stakeholdersin Iran: A Content Analysis Study

Objectives: To describe end-of-life care forolder adults with cancer admitted to the hospital in Tehran, Iranto determine if there were any gaps in care for older adultsthat can be improved. Materials: This study used a qualitative descriptive study design. In total, 37 individualsincluding patients, healthcare team members, and family caregivers, participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews using topic guides were conducted, and the thematic content analysis method described by Braun and Clarke (2006), was used to analyze the data. Results: In total, 37 Iranian participants (12 male and 25 female), including 14 nurses, 3 oncologists, 1 social worker, 1 chaplain, 1 psychologist, 11 family members and 6 patientsinterviewed.Our main themes of end-of-life carewere:1) barriers to providing and receiving quality care for families and patients; and 2) coping strategies and empowerment of families and patients. Conclusion: Healthcare providers are recommended to familiarize themselves with the burden faced by patients and family caregivers who take care of older adults with chronic diseases at home, and they should organize their supportive and consulting actions. In order to improve the quality of life of older patientsand their family caregivers.
Vibrio aestuarianus subsp. cardii subsp. nov., pathogenic to the edible cockles Cerastoderma edule in France, and establishment of Vibrio aestuarianus subsp. aestuarianus subsp. nov. and Vibrio aestuarianus subsp. francensis subsp. nov.

Cockle mortality events have been reported in northern France since 2012. In the present study, we describe and investigate the implication of a potential bacterial causative agent in cockle mortality. Bacteria isolated from five different cockle mortality events were characterized and studied. Using phenotypic analysis combined with DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) and whole genome sequencing, the isolates were shown to belong to Vibrio aestuarianus , a species regularly detected in France during oyster mortality events. Comparison of the strains from cockles with strains from French oysters and the type strain showed that the strains from cockles were genetically different to those from oysters and also different to the V. aestuarianus type strain. Moreover, the cockle and oyster strains were classified into two different, but close, groups both separated from the type strain by: (1) analyses of the ldh gene sequences; (2) DDH assays between 12/122 3T3T (LMG 31436T=DSM 109723T), a representative cockle strain, 02/041T (CIP 109791T=LMG 24517T) representative oyster strain and V. aestuarianus type strain LMG 7909T; (3) average nucleotide identity values calculated on the genomes; and (4) phenotypic traits. Finally, results of MALDI-TOF analyses also revealed specific peaks discriminating the three representative strains. The toxicity of representative strains of these cockle isolates was demonstrated by experimental infection of hatchery-produced cockles. The data therefore allow us to propose two novel subspecies of Vibrio aestuarianus : Vibrio aestuarianus subsp. cardii subsp. nov. for the cockle strains and Vibrio aestuarianus subsp. francensis subsp. nov. for the Pacific oyster strains, in addition to an emended description of the species Vibrio aestuarianus .
Atom scattering from atomic surfactants: Collisions of argon with a dilute Bi:Ga solution

Gas–liquid scattering experiments are used to determine the ways in which surfactant bismuth atoms alter energy flow in collisions of argon atoms with a liquid solution of 0.02% bismuth: 99.98% gallium. We find that argon–alloy energy exchange and argon scattering intensities are governed by the surface coverage of Bi atoms. A single Bi monolayer masks the underlying Ga atoms, causing the Ga-rich solution to behave like pure liquid Bi.
Builders, tenants, and squatters: the origins of genetic material in modern stromatolites

Micro‐organisms have long been implicated in the construction of stromatolites. Yet, establishing a microbial role in modern stromatolite growth via molecular analysis is not always straightforward because DNA in stromatolites can have multiple origins. For example, the genomic material could represent the microbes responsible for the construction of the stromatolite (i.e., “builders”), microbes that inhabited the structure after it was built (i.e., “tenants”), or microbes/organic matter that were passively incorporated after construction from the water column or later diagenetic fluids (i.e., “squatters”). Disentangling the role of micro‐organisms in stromatolite construction, already difficult in modern systems, becomes more difficult as organic signatures degrade, and their context is obscured. To evaluate our ability to accurately decipher the role of micro‐organisms in stromatolite formation in geologically recent settings, 16/18S SSU rRNA gene sequences were analyzed from three systems where the context of growth was well understood: (a) an actively growing stromatolite from a silicic hot spring in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, where the construction of the structure is controlled by cyanobacteria; (b) a mixed carbonate and silica precipitate from Little Hot Creek, a hot spring in the Long Valley Caldera of California that has both abiogenic and biogenic components to accretion; and (c) a near‐modern lacustrine carbonate stromatolite from Walker Lake, Nevada that is likely abiogenic. In all cases, the largest percentage of recovered DNA sequences, especially when focused on the deeper portions of the structures, belonged to either the tenant or squatter communities, not the actual builders. Once removed from their environmental context, correct interpretation of biology's role in stromatolite morphogenesis was difficult. Because high‐throughput genomic analysis may easily lead to incorrect assumptions even in these modern and near‐modern structures, caution must be exercised when interpreting micro‐organismal involvement in the construction of accretionary structures throughout the rock record.
The Analysis of Micro-Scale Deformation and Fracture of Carbonized Elastomer-Based Composites by In Situ SEM

Carbonized elastomer-based composites (CECs) possess a number of attractive features in terms of thermomechanical and electromechanical performance, durability in aggressive media and facile net-shape formability, but their relatively low ductility and strength limit their suitability for structural engineering applications. Prospective applications such as structural elements of micro-electro-mechanical systems MEMS can be envisaged since smaller principal dimensions reduce the susceptibility of components to residual stress accumulation during carbonization and to brittle fracture in general. We report the results of in situ in-SEM study of microdeformation and fracture behavior of CECs based on nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) elastomeric matrices filled with carbon and silicon carbide. Nanostructured carbon composite materials were manufactured via compounding of elastomeric substance with carbon and SiC fillers using mixing rolling mill, vulcanization, and low-temperature carbonization. Double-edge notched tensile (DENT) specimens of vulcanized and carbonized elastomeric composites were subjected to in situ tensile testing in the chamber of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) Tescan Vega 3 using a Deben microtest 1 kN tensile stage. The series of acquired SEM images were analyzed by means of digital image correlation (DIC) using Ncorr open-source software to map the spatial distribution of strain. These maps were correlated with finite element modeling (FEM) simulations to refine the values of elastic moduli. Moreover, the elastic moduli were derived from unloading curve nanoindentation hardness measurements carried out using a NanoScan-4D tester and interpreted using the Oliver–Pharr method. Carbonization causes a significant increase of elastic moduli from 0.86 ± 0.07 GPa to 14.12 ± 1.20 GPa for the composite with graphite and carbon black fillers. Nanoindentation measurements yield somewhat lower values, namely, 0.25 ± 0.02 GPa and 9.83 ± 1.10 GPa before and after carbonization, respectively. The analysis of fractography images suggests that crack initiation, growth and propagation may occur both at the notch stress concentrator or relatively far from the notch. Possible causes of such response are discussed, namely, (1) residual stresses introduced by processing; (2) shape and size of fillers; and (3) the emanation and accumulation of gases in composites during carbonization.
Bioactive Ascochlorin Analogues from the Marine-Derived Fungus Stilbella fimetaria

The marine-derived fungus Stilbella fimetaria is a chemically talented fungus producing several classes of bioactive metabolites, including meroterpenoids of the ascochlorin family. The targeted dereplication of fungal extracts by UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS revealed the presence of several new along with multiple known ascochlorin analogues (19–22). Their structures and relative configuration were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR. Further targeted dereplication based on a novel 1,4-benzoquinone sesquiterpene derivative, fimetarin A (22), resulted in the identification of three additional fimetarin analogues, fimetarins B–D (23–25), with their tentative structures proposed from detailed MS/HRMS analysis. In total, four new and eight known ascochlorin/fimetarin analogues were tested for their antimicrobial activity, identifying the analogues with a 5-chloroorcylaldehyde moiety to be more active than the benzoquinone analogue. Additionally, the presence of two conjugated double bonds at C-2′/C-3′ and C-4′/C-5′ were found to be essential for the observed antifungal activity, whereas the single, untailored bonds at C-4′/C-5′ and C-8′/C-9′ were suggested to be necessary for the observed antibacterial activity.
Trajectories of suicidal ideation after first‐episode psychosis: a growth mixture modeling approach

The period immediately after the onset of first‐episode psychosis (FEP) may present with high risk for suicidal ideation (SI) and attempts, although this risk may differ among patients. Thus, we aimed to identify trajectories of SI in a 2‐years follow‐up FEP cohort and to assess baseline predictors and clinical/functional evolution for each trajectory of SI.
Validation of Prognostic Scores in Extracorporeal Life Support: A Multi-Centric Retrospective Study

Multiple prognostic scores have been developed for both veno-arterial (VA) and veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), mostly in single-center cohorts. The aim of this study was to compare and validate different prediction scores in a large multicenter ECMO-population. Methods: Data from five ECMO centers included 300 patients on VA and 329 on VV ECMO support (March 2008 to November 2016). Different prognostic scores were compared between survivors and non-survivors: APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II in all patients; SAVE, modified SAVE and MELD-XI in VA ECMO; RESP, PRESET, ROCH and PRESERVE in VV ECMO. Model performance was compared using receiver-operating-curve analysis and assessment of model calibration. Survival was assessed at intensive care unit discharge. Results: The main indication for VA ECMO was cardiogenic shock; overall survival was 51%. ICU survivors had higher Glasgow Coma Scale scores and pH, required cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) less frequently, had lower lactate levels and shorter ventilation time pre-ECMO at baseline. The best discrimination between survivors and non-survivors was observed with the SAPS II score (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.73 (95% CI 0.67–0.78)). The main indication for VV ECMO was pneumonia; overall survival was 60%. Lower PaCO2, higher pH, lower lactate and lesser need for CPR were observed among survivors. The best discrimination between survivors and non-survivors was observed with the PRESET score (AUC 0.66 (95% CI 0.60–0.72)). Conclusion: The prognostic performance of most scores was moderate in ECMO patients. The use of such scores to decide about ECMO implementation in potential candidates should be discouraged.
Artemether-Loaded Zein Nanoparticles: An Innovative Intravenous Dosage Form for the Management of Severe Malaria

Artemether, an artemisinin derivative, is used in the management of life-threatening severe malaria. This study aimed to develop an intravenous dosage form of artemether using nanotechnology. Artemether-loaded zein nanoparticles were prepared by modified antisolvent precipitation using sodium caseinate as a stabilizer. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized; the in vitro hemolytic property was examined with red blood cells, while the pharmacokinetic profile was evaluated in Sprague–Dawley rats after intravenous administration. The artemether-loaded zein nanoparticles were found to display good encapsulation efficiency, excellent physical stability and offer an in vitro extended-release property. Interestingly, encapsulation of artemether into zein nanoparticles substantially suppressed hemolysis, a common clinical phenomenon occurring after artemisinin-based antimalarial therapy. Upon intravenous administration, artemether-loaded zein nanoparticles extended the mean residence time of artemether by ~80% in comparison to the free artemether formulation (82.9 ± 15.2 versus 45.6 ± 16.4 min, p < 0.01), suggesting that the nanoparticles may prolong the therapeutic duration and reduce the dosing frequency in a clinical setting. In conclusion, intravenous delivery of artemether by artemether-loaded zein nanoparticles appears to be a promising therapeutic option for severe malaria.
A systematic review of digital removable partial dentures. Part II: CAD/CAM framework, artificial teeth, and denture base.

PURPOSE This study comprehensively reviewed the current status of the digital workflow of removable partial dentures (RPDs) and summarized information about the fabrication methods and material properties of the dental framework, artificial teeth, and denture base. STUDY SELECTION We performed a systematic review of the literature published in online databases from January 1980 to April 2020 regarding RPD fabrication and materials used in the related digital technology. We selected eligible articles, retrieved information regarding digital RPDs, and conducted qualitative/quantitative analyses. In this paper, the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) framework, artificial teeth, and denture base materials are reported. RESULTS A variety of materials, such as cobalt-chromium alloy, titanium, zirconia, and polyether ether ketone, are used for dental CAD/CAM frameworks. The mechanical strength of the metal materials used for the CAD/CAM framework was superior to that of the cast framework. However, the fitness and surface roughness of the framework and clasp fabricated using a selective laser melting (SLM) method were not superior to those obtained via cast fabrication. Most material properties and the surface roughness of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) discs used for digital RPDs were superior to those of heat-cured PMMA. CONCLUSIONS The use of a CAD/CAM framework and PMMA disc for digital RPDs offers numerous advantages over conventional RPDs. However, technical challenges regarding the accuracy and durability of adhesion between the framework and denture base remain to be solved. In digital fabrication, human technical factors influence the quality of the framework.
Emerging Mechanisms of Endocytosis in Toxoplasma gondii

Eukaryotes critically rely on endocytosis of autologous and heterologous material to maintain homeostasis and to proliferate. Although mechanisms of endocytosis have been extensively identified in mammalian and plant systems along with model systems including budding yeast, relatively little is known about endocytosis in protozoan parasites including those belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. Whereas it has been long established that the apicomplexan agents of malaria (Plasmodium spp.) internalize and degrade hemoglobin from infected red blood cells to acquire amino acids for growth, that the related and pervasive parasite Toxoplasma gondii has a functional and active endocytic system was only recently discovered. Here we discuss emerging and hypothesized mechanisms of endocytosis in Toxoplasma gondii with reference to model systems and malaria parasites. Establishing a framework for potential mechanisms of endocytosis in Toxoplasma gondii will help guide future research aimed at defining the molecular basis and biological relevance of endocytosis in this tractable and versatile parasite.
Quality of Life in Young Adults after Flatfoot Surgery: A Case-Control Study

The true impact of surgery for flatfoot deformities on patient’s quality of life and health status remains poorly defined. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life and the return to daily tasks and sports or physical activities in young adults after surgical correction of flatfoot deformity. Patients treated for bilateral symptomatic flat foot deformity were retrospectively studied. The healthy control group comprised a matched reference population with no history of foot surgery or trauma that was voluntary recruited from the hospital community. All subjects were asked to fill out questionnaires centered on the assessment of the health-related quality of life (Short-form 36; SF-36) and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire; IPAQ). Most study group SF-36 subscales were lower when compared to the control group. Among the study group, post-operatively, 36.6% of patients managed to resume low levels of sports activity, 40% were sufficiently active and were able to perform moderate sports activity (an activity that requires moderate physical effort and which forces the patient to breathe with a frequency only moderately higher than normal), while 23.3% of them were active or very active and were able to perform intense physical activity. Most IPAQ scores were statistically different from the control group. The present study suggests that patients treated with medializing calcaneal osteotomy and navicular-cuneiform arthrodesis for symptomatic flafoot had lower levels of quality of life and physical activity when compared to healthy subjects. After surgery, patients showed a significant improvement in the clinical scores.
Similarities and differences between the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19-related pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and Kawasaki disease.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has recently been described in children (MIS-C), partially overlapping with Kawasaki disease (KD). We hypothesized that: 1) MIS-C and pre-pandemic KD cytokine profiles may be unique and justify the clinical differences observed; 2) SARS-CoV-2-specific immune complexes (IC) may explain the immunopathology of MIS-C. Seventy-four children were included: 14 MIS-C; 9 patients with positive SARS-CoV-2-PCR without MIS-C (COVID); 14 pre-pandemic KD and 37 healthy controls (HC). Thirty-four circulating cytokines were quantified in pre-treatment serum or plasma samples and the presence of circulating SARS-CoV-2 IC was evaluated in MIS-C patients. Compared to HC, MIS-C and KD groups showed most cytokines to be significantly elevated, with IFN-γ-induced response markers (including IFN-γ, IL-18, IP-10) and inflammatory monocytes activation markers (including MCP-1, IL-1α, IL-1RA) being the main triggers of inflammation. With linear discriminant analysis, MIS-C and KD profiles overlapped; however, a subgroup of MIS-C patients (MIS-Cplus) differentiated from the remaining MIS-C patients in IFN-γ, IL-18, GM-CSF, RANTES, IP-10, IL-1α and SDF-1 and incipient signs of macrophagic activation syndrome. Circulating SARS-CoV-2-IC were not detected in MIS-C patients. Our findings suggest a major role of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of MIS-C, which may be relevant for therapeutic management.
Nuclear Genes Associated with Mitochondrial DNA Processes as Contributors to Parkinson's Disease Risk

Over the past four decades, mitochondrial dysfunction has been a recurring theme in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is hypothesized to play a central role in its disease pathogenesis. Given the instrumental role of mitochondria in cellular energy production, their dysfunction can be detrimental to highly energy‐dependent dopaminergic neurons, known to degenerate in PD. Mitochondria harbor multiple copies of their own genomes (mtDNA), encoding critical respiratory chain complexes required for energy production. Consequently, mtDNA has been investigated as a source of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. As seen in multiple mitochondrial diseases, deleterious mtDNA variation and mtDNA copy number depletion can impede mtDNA protein synthesis, leading to inadequate energy production in affected cells and the onset of a disease phenotype. As such, high burdens of mtDNA defects but also mtDNA depletion, previously identified in the substantia nigra of PD patients, have been suggested to play a role in PD. Genetic variation in nuclear DNA encoding factors required for replicating, transcribing, and translating mtDNA, could underlie these observed mtDNA changes. Herein we examine this possibility and provide an overview of studies that have investigated whether nuclear‐encoded genes associated with mtDNA processes may influence PD risk. Overall, pathway‐based analysis studies, mice models, and case reports of mitochondrial disease patients manifesting with parkinsonism all implicate genes encoding factors related to mtDNA processes in neurodegeneration and PD. Most notably, cumulative genetic variation in these genes likely contributes to neurodegeneration and PD risk by acting together in common pathways to disrupt mtDNA processes or impair their regulation. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society