Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Saving Africa's Tropical Forests Through Energy Transition: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Tanzania

Die Herstellung von Holzkohle zur Deckung des Kochbedarfs stadtischer Haushalte ist eine der Hauptursachen fur die Abholzung der tropischen Walder Afrikas, die der Weltwirtschaft eine bedeutende Kapazitat zur Kohlenstoffbindung bieten. In Zusammenarbeit mit einer angesehenen lokalen Mikrofinanzinstitution entwarfen wir eine randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie im stadtischen Tansania und boten LPG-Ofen als Subvention und auf Kredit an, um ihre Auswirkungen auf den Holzkohleverbrauch und die entsprechende Verringerung der Entwaldung zu messen. Wir untersuchen auch die Auswirkungen der Ofen auf die Kochzeit von Frauen, die ublicherweise im Haushalt fur das Kochen zustandig sind. Wir stellen fest, dass im Vergleich zu den Haushalten in der Kontrollgruppe die Einfuhrung von LPG-Ofen den Holzkohleverbrauch in der Behandlungsgruppe 15 Monate nach der Intervention um etwa 30% reduzierte. Dies entspricht einer durchschnittlichen Verringerung der Entwaldung von 0,04 ha/Haushalt/Jahr. Die Bereitstellung von Subventionen fur den Kauf von Ofen fuhrte jedoch zu einer starkeren Verringerung des Holzkohleverbrauchs (38%) als die Bereitstellung von Krediten (27%) mit der entsprechenden wahrscheinlichen Verringerung der Entwaldung um 0,05 bzw. 0,03 ha/Haushalt/Jahr. Eine soziale Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse deutet darauf hin, dass die Kosten beider Programme weit unter dem Nutzen aufgrund der moglichen Reduzierung der Entwaldung liegen. Ein sorgfaltig durchgefuhrter kontrollierter Kochtest zeigt, dass das Kochen mit LP-Gas um 50% billiger ist als das Kochen mit Holzkohle und die Kochzeit um etwa 44% verkurzt - Wohlfahrtseffekte, die deutlich zeigen, dass LPG auch fur den Haushalt kostengunstig ist. Wir betonen, wie wichtig es ist, die finanziellen Zwange der Haushalte zu lockern und den Zugang zu Krediten zu verbessern, um die stadtischen Haushalte zu ermutigen, auf sauberere Energiequellen umzusteigen und die verbleibenden Waldressourcen Afrikas zu retten.
Optical scatterings in layered systems

Optical properties, reflectance, absorbance and transmittance spectra, are fully investigated for the layered structures through the development of theoretical framework. The transverse dielectric function, which characterizes the dynamic charge screenings, can cover all the intralayer and interlayer atomic interactions under the electro-magnetic wave perturbation. By the continuous reflection and transmission scatterings at two surfaces, their analytic formulas are established from the vertical valence-state transitions and the boundary conditions. They are also suitable for finite-width bulk materials. Most important, this study is fully combined with the generalized tight-binding model with all the intrinsic interactions and external field.
New Measurement of Employee’s Strategic Job Performance Appraisal: Construction using the Malaysian Sample

Job performance is seen as a set of behaviours that are relevant to the achievement of an organization’s goal where a person works. A job performance appraisal is usually measured using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to emphasize the quality of work either in public or private services. Unfortunately, the vision, mission and goals of the organization are rarely achieved although these KPIs are achieved by the human resources. Therefore, organization needs to revise the measurement of job performance to make sure that organization’s goals are achieved in line with the achievement of job performance. This can provide a clear picture of the individual’s performance in the organization as a whole. Recognizing the importance of individual job performance in enhancing the excellence of an organization, the purpose of this study is to develop a new way of measuring job performance. This is done by combining six main components of job performance including tasks, contextual, adaptive, productive behaviour, service quality and organizational strategic objectives. Data were collected among officers working with the Malaysian Road Transport Department and analysed using SPSS and AMOS. Findings indicated acceptable construct validity for the new measurement of job performance named Strategic Job Performance Scale. This demonstrates the implication for Human Resource Management field of study to incorporate important components of job performance to a new measurement of strategic job performance appraisal.
Withdrawal Intention Scale: Primo contributo alla validazione della versione italiana

This study aims at providing a first contribution to the validation of the Italian version of the Withdrawal Intention Scale (WIS). Participants in the study were 276 workers. Dimensionality, reliability, and concurrent validity were analysed. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a unidimensional structure. The scale also had good reliability and concurrent validity. Results showed that the Italian version of the WIS is a valid and reliable instrument for detecting withdrawal intention also in Italian contexts.
Western Boundary of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre: Decadal Change

<p>The A20 is a meridional hydrographic section located at 52&#186;W on the western North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre that encloses the path of the water masses of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Using data from three A20 hydrographic cruises carried out in 1997, 2003 and 2012 together with LADCP-SADCP data and the velocities from an inverse box model, the circulation of the western North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre is estimated. The main poleward current of the AMOC is the Gulf Stream (GS) which carries 129.0&#177;10.5 Sv in 2003 and 110.4&#177;12.2 Sv in 2012. Due to the seasonality, the GS position is shifted southward in 2012 - relative to that of 2003 - as both cruises took place in different seasons. In opposite direction, the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) crosses the section twice, first at 39.3-43.2&#186;N (-34.9&#177;7.5 Sv in 2003 and -25.3&#177;9.4 Sv in 2012) and then at 7.0-11.7&#186;N (42.0&#177;8.0 Sv in 2003 and 48.0&#177;8.1 Sv in 2012). Additionally, two zonal currents contribute with westward transport below 20&#186;N: the North Equatorial Current and the North Brazil Current; with a net value of -28.0&#177;4.1 Sv in 2003 and -36.7&#177;3.6 Sv in 2012. </p>
Few-layer graphene improves silicon performance in Li-ion battery anodes

We demonstrate that few-layer graphene (FLG) flakes combined with ultra-small (below 10 nm) amorphous silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) improve the performance of Li-ion battery anodes compared to both amorphous carbon and graphene oxide additives. The FLG flakes are produced by liquid phase exfoliation of pristine graphite, while the SiNPs are synthesized by means of a plasma-assisted aerosol synthesis technique. These novel hybrid electrodes are realized by drop casting, onto a copper current collector, a slurry paste with a 1 : 1 : 1 mass ratio of FLG, SiNPs and a polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder followed by annealing in a H2 atmosphere. The as-produced anode displays a capacity loss of only 8% over 300 cycles, reaching a maximum specific capacity of 1500 mA h gSi−1 and a coulombic efficiency exceeding 99% and 99.8% in the 20th and 300th cycles, respectively. The obtained results highlight the optimal synergy between FLG flakes and ultra-small SiNPs, allowing the best capacity retention to be achieved upon cycling. The observed stability coupled with the scalability of both the FLG and SiNP production methods offers a viable approach for the development of next generation Li-ion battery anodes based on nano-engineered hybrid materials.
Analysis of Lithium Insertion/Desorption Reaction at Interfaces between Graphite Electrodes and Electrolyte Solution Using Density Functional + Implicit Solvation Theory

The charge transfer reaction at the electrode/solution interface is regarded as a major component that limits the current densities of Li-ion batteries. A combination of density functional theory for the electronic structure calculations of an electrode and a reacting component with implicit solvation theory for an electrolyte solution is used for the lithium insertion/desorption reaction (R). At the interfaces between tilted-graphite electrodes and a 1 M LiPF6 ethylene carbonate solution, the energy landscapes of reaction R are revealed under constant electron chemical potential conditions. Across the transition state where the Li forms a half solvation shell, the reacting Li inside the electrode changes to a full solvation structure in the solution accompanied by electron transfer. On graphite with two tilt angles, the activation energies at the equilibrium potentials of reaction R are approximately 0.6 eV, which is consistent with the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. However, opposi.
Emotional Intelligence and Attitude towards Work of Teachers: A Performance Improvement Model

Educational sector has metamorphosed to equip with the required challenges and changes. Quality of teachers is the most important criterion for success of the educational sector. In the educational process the crucial driver is teacher-student association. Teacher as a role model plays an important role in shaping a student's personality. Emotional intelligence (EI) has evolved as a remarkable component to build a congenial atmosphere in educational institutions, especially in high schools, colleges (affiliated and autonomous), universities and the society at large.
Does Investor Sentiment affect Stock Return: Evidence from Chinese Industry Index in Shanghai A Share Market

In stock market, some of characteristics of asset pricing behavior of traditional financial theory didn’t work, behavioral finance otherwise provides a new method and aspect to interpret these visions. Investor behavior which is influenced by investor sentiment plays an important role in stock market, irrational behavior may lead to market inefficiency, and stock return is a reflection of the market condition, hence studying the effects of investor sentiment on stock return is meaningful. This paper mainly studied investor sentiment whether and how affects stock return, as well as applied other six control variables a share market stock return, Dow Jones Industrials index return, interest rate, exchange rate, crude oil price and gold price which could affect stock return in previous studies. To detect the effects this paper first investigate bullish investor sentiment and then applied multiple regression linear model to find investor sentiment positive significantly affects stock return in nine industries. This study provided a new perspective to explore the characteristics between investor sentiment and stock return, also presented new ideas for investors’ investment practices in stock
Productivity Growth, Inflation, and Unemployment: The Disappearance of Productivity Change

Most empirical studies of economic growth attempt to determine the relative importance of increases in inputs and advances in technology in the achievement of growth in per-capita output. This approach is motivated by a desire to explain the sources of that output growth: How much less rapidly would the U.S. economy have expanded in the last fifty years if it had continued to operate with 1918 levels of technology or if technology had advanced but no net investment in tangible or human capital had occurred? Answers to these questions help us to maximize our future rate of growth by guiding policymakers to an optimal allocation of resources among investment in tangible capital, in education, and in technology-increasing activities, and they help in explaining the reasons for international differences in per-capita income.1 Since the mid-1950s a common technique for the separation of the respective contributions of input growth and advances in technology has been the calculation of indexes of total factor productivity. Pioneering studies by Solow (1957, pp. 312–20) (Abramovitz, pp. 5–23; Kendrick, 1956; Schmookler, 1952, pp. 214–231) and others have suggested capital played only a minor role in per-capita growth, and that most of the long-term increase in U.S. output per capita was due to an increase in the output obtainable per unit of appropriately weighted input. While it was recognized that some of this increase in total factor productivity or “the residual” might have been due to the spread of education, most of it was assumed to have represented technical change. A more refined study in 1962 by Denison (1962) reduced the size of the residual by making
Pakistani Universities and Leadership Reconnoitering the Prospects of Furtherance

Purpose: This study is related to the exploration of the opportunities for the betterment in the management and leadership style of Pakistani Universities. There is the emergence of managerial-ism in the Pakistani universities and the current model of performance driven and top-down management has become obsolete to respond and cope up with the requirements and expectations of the education sector. Methodology: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used for this manuscripts. Interviews were conducted and questionnaire were floated to concern leaders of selected universities. Findings: Performance of the Universities needs improvement, provide the resources to faculty and staff reduce the workload and top management were using transactional leadership style.Implications: The part of HRM should be reassessed. This can help to create a performance criterion while assessing the individuals, and empower the mangers. Recommendations: A flexibility in the management structure is required. The universities should reorganize their organizational structure, as it can improve the academic voice and help
Intraspecific correlations between growth and defence vary with resource availability and differ within and among populations

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13878 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Intraspecific correlations between growth and defense vary with resource availability and differ withinand among-populations Philip G Hahn1,5, Ken Keefover-Ring2,3, Linh M.N. Nguyen2, and John L Maron4 1. Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA 2. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA 3. Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA 4. Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA 5. Corresponding author: Philip G Hahn, 1881 Natural Areas Drive, PO Box 110620, Gainesville, FL, USA, 32601. Phone: 352-273-3960, email: hahnp@ufl.edu Authorship statement: PGH and JLM conceived the study. PGH, KKR, LMNN, and JLM collected data. KKR and LMNN contributed reagents and analytical methods. PGH analyzed data. PGH wrote the paper with input from JLM. KKR and LMNN contributed critically to editing the manuscript. Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Data availability: Data and code is available in Dryad: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x0k6djhjq (Hahn et al., 2021). Running head: Amongand within-population trait correlations Acknowledgments We are grateful to M. Damon and J. Palmer for assistance with field work. The Prairie Enthusiasts, Missoula Conservation District, UW-Madison Arboretum, and the UW-Milwaukee Field Station provided access to field sites. We thank G. Meyer and the UW-Milwaukee Field Station staff for assistance in preparing and maintaining the common garden experiment. We appreciate helpful comments and discussion from A. Agrawal, T. Martin, and D. Hahn’s lab group on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Comments from two anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. Funding was provided by NSF DEB-1901552.
APPLICATION OF AN AUTOCATALYTIC FENTON PROCESS FOR THE PRE-TREATMENT OF AN OILY SLUDGE: A SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT FOR REFINERY WASTES

The feasibility of a Fenton-type process for the pre-treatment of an oily refinery sludge has been explored to reduce total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) with the enhancement of the organic solubilisation in the liquid phase. The maximum solubilisation of the oily sludge reached 1624 mg/L of TOC and 1253 mg/L of acetic acid at the higher temperature (80 oC) and with a hydrogen peroxide initial concentration of 90 g/L. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous species (250 and 11 mg/L, respectively) were also released in the aqueous phase after oxidation. Respirometry assays of the aqueous phase have evidenced an increase in its biodegradability with the Fenton pre-treatment. Moreover, ca. 58 wt. % of TPHs reduction was also obtained after Fenton pre-treatment yielding a sludge with a better settleability. This study provides an interesting approach to treat oily sludge improving its dewaterability, decreasing TPHs contents, and increasing the concentration of biodegradable carbon and nutrients in the aqueous phase for further biological treatment.
Using Tweets and Emojis to build an Arabic Dataset for Sentiment Analysis (TEAD)

Our paper presents a distant supervision algorithm for automatically collecting and labeling ’ TEAD ’ ,a dataset for Arabic Sentiment Analysis (SA), using emojis and sentiment lexicons. The data was gathered from Twitter during the period between the 1 st of June and the 30 th of November 2017. Although the idea of using emojis to collect and label training data for SA, is not novel, but getting this approach to work for Arabic dialect was very challenging. We ended up with more than 6 million tweets labeled as Positive or Negative. We present the algorithm used to deal with mixed-content tweets (Modern Standard Arabic MSA and Dialect Arabic DA). We also provide properties and statistics of the dataset alongside experiments results. Our tryouts covered a wide range of standard classiﬁers proved to be eﬃcient for sentiment classiﬁcation problem.
An Assessment of Change-Readiness Capabilities and Service Innovation Readiness and Innovation Performance: Empirical Evidence from MICE Venues

Readiness for change involves people’s recognition of the need to change and their readiness to submit to change. It also requires some degree of effective abilities and capabilities to successfully make those changes through communication (Armenakis et al., 1993), a vital element for effective organizational changes (DiFonzo & Bordia, 1998; Lewis & Seibold, 1998; Mast et al., 2005; Schweiger & Denisi, 1991 as cited in Elving, 2005). Change-readiness capabilities which is composed of adaptability and collective capabilities are considered one of the key drivers that impact readiness (Combe, 2014; Tao et al., 2008; Tao et al., 2010; Islam, 2010 as cited in Lee et al., 2011). Therefore, this paper seeks to explore the effects of communication and change-readiness capabilities comprising adaptability and collective capabilities, on service innovation readiness. It also aims to investigate the influence of service innovation readiness on service innovation performance. Hypotheses were developed and empirically tested using data collected from 335 MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions) venues. Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Amos was applied for testing several hypotheses. Findings indicate that communication, adaptability and collective capabilities have positive relationships with service innovation readiness. The result also illustrates the positive relationship between service innovation readiness and innovation performance.
Performance Analysis of Fuzzy c-means, Mountain and Subtractive Clustering Techniques

–The Conventional used Fuzzy c-means clustering technique needs to be initialized manually with the number of clusters present in the data. Mountain clustering and Subtractive clustering overcome this by calculating the number of clusters automatically by analyzing data numerically. The purpose of this paper is to compare these three algorithms namely Mountain Clustering, Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and Subtractive Clustering. The experimental results are carried out on the synthetic datasets with varying distribution. The performances of these algorithms are evaluated on the basis of the regression analysis, position of the center, number of clusters and root mean square error.
Preferences Over Time and Under Uncertainty: Theoretical Foundations

We formulate a general theory of preferences over outcome-time-probability triplets and decompose uncertainty into risk and hazard. We define the delay, defer, shift and certainty functions that can be uniquely elicited from behaviour. These individually determine stationarity, the common difference effect and its converse; constant, decreasing and increasing impatience; additivity, subadditivity and super additivity; probability independence, the certainty effect and its converse. We propose a general discounted utility model which encompasses the main empirically supported discounted utility models. We show that our axioms on preferences are satisfied in our general discounted utility model. Finally, we discuss the various explanations of the common difference effect.
Healthcare Workers` Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection during an Early Phase of the Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Infection and death of health care workers (HCWs) with COVID-19 is an important health problem and will lead to inadequate care of patients, causes more damage and more spread of this pandemic. This study aimed to combine data on COVID-19 infection among HCWs through a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Methods: We searched PubMed via MEDLINE, the SCOPUS, and Web of Science (ISI) to identify the studies on the prevalence of HCWs infection among COVID-19 patients. We used an eight-item checklist critically appraised to assess the quality of publications on the COVID-19 infection among HCWs. Random-effect models and meta-regression were used for the meta-analysis of the results. Results: Overall, 98 articles were retrieved from the databases, of which, seven met the eligibility criteria published between December 2019 to March 2020. The total sample size of the included studies contained 72677 COVID-19 confirmed cases, of which 3131 were HCWs. The pooled COVID-19 infection prevalence among HCWs was 4% (95% CI: 3% to 5%). Conclusions: According to the results, COVID-19 infection in HCWs was 4% of all cases in the early phase of the pandemic. So HCWs need special care including regular screening and appropriate, adequate, and standard personal protective equipment (PPE). Keywords: Novel Coronavirus, COVID-19, Health Care Workers, Medical Staff.
Design and Implementation of Network Monitoring System for Campus Infrastructure Using Software Agents

In network management and monitoring systems, or Network Management Stations (NMS), the Simple Network monitoring Protocol (SNMP) is normally used, with which it is possible to obtain information on the behavior, the values of the variables, and the status of the network architecture. network. However, for large corporate networks, the protocol can present latency in data collection and processing, thus making real-time monitoring difficult. This article proposes a multi-agent system based on layers, with three types of agents. This includes the collector agent, which uses a Management Information Base (MIB) value to collect information from the network equipment, an input table of information from the network devices for the consolidator agent to process the collected data and leave it in a consumable format, and its subsequent representation by the application agent as a web service, in this case, as a heat map.