Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The manager-subordinate conflict pertaining to performance appraisal process in the Department of Home Affairs in Tshwane Area

The paper explored the reasons for manager-subordinate conflicts or disagreements in relation to performance appraisal in the Department of Home Affairs in Tshwane area. A broader comprehension of the reasons for manager-subordinate conflicts in relation to performance appraisal is necessary in order to identify viable solutions for improving workplace relations and morale. The leader-member exchange theory was used to explain manager-subordinate conflict. In order to attain the aim of this article, a qualitative research design was utilised, whereby semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. In this regard, a sample of twenty-five research participants was selected from five offices of the Department of Home Affairs in Tshwane area using a purposive sampling. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse data obtained through interviews and observations. The major findings of the article indicate that performance bonuses and biased ratings are the sources of conflicts or disagreements between managers and subordinates in relation to performance appraisals. Therefore, it is recommended that the National Department of Home Affairs should ensure that managers, supervisors and operational staff members undergo training and development to ensure an effective performance appraisal process. In addition, managers and supervisors must be afforded training opportunities relating to conflict management skills to resolve manager-subordinate conflict in the workplace.
Improvement of Nanosized CuO-Fe2O3/cordierite System by Li2O-treatment for wastewater treatment

A mixture of 10 wt% CuO-10 wt% Fe2O3 supported on cordierite were prepared by wet impregnation. The as-prepared solids doped with Li2O (0.75-3 mol %) were calcined at 500-900 oC. The crystalline phase, morphology, and surface area were investigated by XRD, HR-TEM and N2-adsoprtion-desorption. Moreover, their photocatalytic activities of samples calcined at 700°C on the degradation of phenol were evaluated under UV-irradiation. The catalytic activity of different solids toward H2O2 decomposition was studied. Nano-materials were used to adsorb dyes as Remazole-Red and Congo-Red from aqueous solution. The sorption process was in good agreement of pseudo-second order equation and the Langmuir equation through their adsorption kinetics and isotherms, respectively. The CuO-Fe2O3/ cordierite doped with 0.75% Li2O at 700 oC adsorbent was found to possess the highest removal efficiency of Remazole-Red and/or Congo-Red dyes and potentially lowering capital and operational costs for practical applications. The highest removal efficiency of the anionic dyes over 0.75% Li2O at 700 oC can be discussed by observing the appearance of new active phases as CuO, CuFe2O4 and LiCuO, decreasing the crystallite size of these active phases. 0.75 mol% Li2O has the greatest activity in H2O2 decomposition reached 700 %. This result may be related to the lowest particle size and the highest surface area of this sample, which also produced a large number of electrons donating active sites for H2O2 decomposition.
A Novel Finite Element Mesh Truncation Technology Accelerated by Parallel Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm and its Applications

─ In order to meet the highly accurate requirements of nowadays scattering and antenna problems, the finite element method requires the use of very accurate mesh truncations techniques able to absorb any outgoing wave completely. In this paper a novel implementation of the finite element mesh truncation technique called Finite Element-Iterative Integral Equation Evaluation (FE-IIEE) is studied. This method can provide a numerical exact radiation boundary condition while the original sparse and banded structure of the finite element method (FEM) matrix is retained. Also, an efficient parallel multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is included to drastically accelerate the time-consuming near field calculation process required by the truncation technique. In order to achieve a high parallel efficiency, both algorithms have been implemented together from scratch, being able to run over several thousands of CPU cores. Through comparisons with commercial software such as HFSS, the accuracy and efficiency of the method are validated showing excellent performance. Finally, a large 100elements array antenna with more than 24 million unknowns is effectively analyzed using 2560 CPU cores. Index Terms ─ Finite element method (FEM), integral equation, mesh truncation technique, multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA).
DOCUMENTING OIL PAINTINGS BY FINGERPRINT BRUSHSTROKE APPLICATION TO ANTIQUE PAINTING IN THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM OF MODERN ART

The present study discusses documenting a topographic surface in an oil paintingby remote sensing. It is a new technological method in documenting the propertiesof the brush texture statistically, including the area, width, length, the shape ofends of the edges lines of the hair (curve, point, or polygon), directions, as wellas the angle among these edges and surfaces. Then, the study carries out aquantitative evaluation of signature spectral fingerprint of the brush areas. Itexamines the spatial distribution of the texture and the spectral recording of thecolor by recording the reflected or emitted radiation from the colors varying inabsorption, penetration, and reflection according to the physical and chemicalproperties of each substance, forming the so-called signature spectral fingerprint.Using the ENVI sensor program to check the texture of the brush in the visualpart and find statistical patterns which helps us to identify the optical properties ofthe brush strokes and artist style. The result of the texture analysis revealed thatthe brush was flat, with hard hair, parallel lines, and perpendicular angles. Thespectral signature of orange was (591.08 nm), pink was (495.87 nm) (595.2 nm),adobe was (600.93 nm), and dark brown was (579.55 nm). The brushstroke'sarea equaled 49248, and the perimeter measured 888. Furthermore, SEM-EDX,XRD, and FTIR were utilized to define the materials and methods of three coloredsamples of oil painting (red, yellow, and green). Results illustrated that thesamples contained linseed oil as binders and ground layer from calcite mixedwith animal glue. SEM-EDX and XRD results pointed out that the pigmentsamples were earth pigments (goethite - Hematite - Celadonite).
OPTIMIZING FARES AND TRANSFER DISCOUNTS FOR A BUS-SUBWAY CORRIDOR

This paper aims to optimize fares and transfer discounts for public transit service along a bus-subway corridor with the consideration of effects of uncertainty in travel times and difference in stop spacing between bus and subway services on passenger behavior. The former factor is captured by the reserved time in travel cost and the latter one produces some passenger Origin–Destination (O–D) pairs along the corridor that can not be served by one mode only. This problem is formulated as a bi-level program, of which the upper level maximizes the social welfare and the lower-level capturing traveler choice behavior is a variable-demand Stochastic User Equilibrium (SUE) assignment model. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied to solve the bi-level program while the Method of Successive Averages (MSA) is adopted to solve the lower-level model. A series of numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the performance of the model and solution method. Numerical results indicate that the implementation of transfer discounts may be of great benefit to the social welfare and that the uncertainty in travel time and the difference in stop spacing play an important role in determining optimal fares and transfer discounts for the service along a bus-subway corridor.
Exact computation of a manifold metric, via Lipschitz Embeddings and Shortest Paths on a Graph

Data-sensitive metrics adapt distances locally based the density of data points with the goal of aligning distances and some notion of similarity. In this paper, we give the first exact algorithm for computing a data-sensitive metric called the nearest neighbor metric. In fact, we prove the surprising result that a previously published $3$-approximation is an exact algorithm. The nearest neighbor metric can be viewed as a special case of a density-based distance used in machine learning, or it can be seen as an example of a manifold metric. Previous computational research on such metrics despaired of computing exact distances on account of the apparent difficulty of minimizing over all continuous paths between a pair of points. We leverage the exact computation of the nearest neighbor metric to compute sparse spanners and persistent homology. We also explore the behavior of the metric built from point sets drawn from an underlying distribution and consider the more general case of inputs that are finite collections of path-connected compact sets. The main results connect several classical theories such as the conformal change of Riemannian metrics, the theory of positive definite functions of Schoenberg, and screw function theory of Schoenberg and Von Neumann. We develop novel proof techniques based on the combination of screw functions and Lipschitz extensions that may be of independent interest.
Modulatory Effect of Ginger Aqueous Extract against Imidacloprid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats

The current study was aimed to investigate neurotoxic impact of imidacloprid in rats and the potential modulatory role of Zingiber officinale Roscoe aqueous extract against such effects. Sixty male albino rats were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 10) as following: G1 is (-ve) control group (0.1 ml of distilled water for 90 days). G2 is (+ve) control group (1ml of aqueous extract of ginger (GAE) for 90 days). G3 group was administered with 0.1 ml of Imidacloprid (IMI) for 90 days. G4 group was administered with 1 ml of GAE for 2 weeks followed by administration of 0.1 ml of IMI/rat for 90 days. G5 group was administered with 0.1 ml of IMI for 90 days then 1ml of GAE for 2 weeks and the last group administered 0.1 ml of IMI and 1ml of GAE simultaneously for 90 days (G6) oral dosing of IMI and ginger aqueous extract was triple weekly. IMI exposure caused significant decrease in gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) level, significant increase in sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), significant depletion in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) was not affected by IMI exposure. IMI exposure upregulates toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene in the brain, intense immuno positive reactivity of TLR2 in the brain of IMI-treated group. Histopathologically, significant alterations in the brain were observed, such as neuronal degeneration, hemorrhages, necrosis, demyelination and gliosis. In conclusion, IMI neurotoxic effect could be modulated by the use of ginger aqueous extract.
Low-Cost Microfabrication Tool Box

Microsystems are key enabling technologies, with applications found in almost every industrial field, including in vitro diagnostic, energy harvesting, automotive, telecommunication, drug screening, etc. Microsystems, such as microsensors and actuators, are typically made up of components below 1000 microns in size that can be manufactured at low unit cost through mass-production. Yet, their development for commercial or educational purposes has typically been limited to specialized laboratories in upper-income countries due to the initial investment costs associated with the microfabrication equipment and processes. However, recent technological advances have enabled the development of low-cost microfabrication tools. In this paper, we describe a range of low-cost approaches and equipment (below £1000), developed or adapted and implemented in our laboratories. We describe processes including photolithography, micromilling, 3D printing, xurography and screen-printing used for the microfabrication of structural and functional materials. The processes that can be used to shape a range of materials with sub-millimetre feature sizes are demonstrated here in the context of lab-on-chips, but they can be adapted for other applications. We anticipate that this paper, which will enable researchers to build a low-cost microfabrication toolbox in a wide range of settings, will spark a new interest in microsystems.
Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-Charge Sequence in Automotive Battery Systems

Electric vehicles (EV) have brought promising technologies for future mobility solutions. As one of the key components of EVs, battery systems have fundamental functions which disconnect the battery during parking and in case of failure. To provide a safe system, specialized high voltage (HV) electromechanical switches are used to perform these major functions such as switch on, switch off or pre-charging. Due to these components can be easily damaged, expensive, heavy and bulky, a solution based on pure semiconductors may be desired to accomplish these operations. Many studies were exhibited on EV battery systems regarding developing solid-state systems for HV switchgear. Developing technology on semiconductor devices allows to make a safety concept based on only solidstate components. This study presents a comprehensive analysis off pre-charge sequences between conventional and semiconductor switchgear to be used in electric vehicle battery systems. Spice simulations are presented to investigate advantages and drawbacks of these systems.
Transforming or reproducing an unequal economy? : Solidarity and inequality in a community currency

Building on empirical material from 6 months ethnographically inspired fieldwork in Malaga Comun, a mutual credit community currency in Southern Spain, the paper uses Ostrom’s (1991) theoretical framework on common-pool resources to look deeper into the provision and appropriation dynamics in the currency scheme. Particular attention is put into the sources of inequality in members’ provision and appropriation capacities. Findings suggest that, embedded as community currencies are in the conventional economy, the sources of inequality from the conventional economy are also brought into the community currency. More particularly, private ownership and specialised complex skills lie behind members’ unequal capacity to earn community currency in relation to their spending needs. The paper ends by outlining some elements that would need attention when designing the governance institutions of community currency schemes that aim to overcome the inequality brought in by these currencies’ embeddedness in the conventional economy. (Less)
Running head: COGNITIVE MODELING AS A METHOD FOR AGENT DEVELOPMENT Cognitive Modeling as a Method for Agent Development in Artificial Intelligence by

This research aims to expand the applications of cognitive modeling by exploring the use of a testbed approach to modeling human behaviour. Newell’s complex task analysis method (1990) was applied to model an agent completing a complex task through incremental and iterative design to test the agent’s ability to fluidly monitor and react to internal and external interruptions and perform the tasks at an expert level successfully through simulated challenge sets within different environments. A single agent is developed incrementally over five stages of distinct simulated challenge sets, with testing for backwards compatibility. The testbed approach and incremental development provides insight to agent-specific cognitive structure functionality, and to the process of combining microcognition and macrocognition in cognitive modeling. COGNITIVE MODELING AS A METHOD FOR AGENT DEVELOPMENT 3
Can 3D Vision Improve Laparoscopic Performance in Box Simulation Training when Compared to Conventional 2D Vision?

INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems have been introduced in laparoscopic surgery to facilitate binocular vision and dexterity to improve surgical performance and safety. Several studies have shown the benefits of 3D imaging in laparoscopy, but until now only a few studies have assessed the outcome by using objective variables. Box trainers are affordable alternatives to virtual laparoscopic surgical training, and the possibility of using real surgical instruments makes them more realistic to use. However, the data and feedback by a virtual simulator have not, until now, been able to assess. Simball Box®, equipped with G-coder sensors®, registers the instrument movements during training and gives the same feedback like a virtual simulator. AIM The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate the laparoscopic performance in 3D compared to conventional 2D vision by using a box simulation trainer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty surgeons, residents and consultants, participated in the study. Eighteen had no, or minimal, laparoscopic experience (novices) whereas 12 were experts. They all performed three standard box training exercises (rope race, precision cutting, and basic suturing) in Simball Box. The participants were randomized and started with either 3D HD or traditional 2D HD cameras. The exercises were instructed and supervised. All instrument movements were registered. Variations in time, linear distance, average speed, and motion smoothness were analyzed. RESULTS The parameters time, distance, speed, and motion smoothness were significantly better when the 3D camera was used. CONCLUSION All individuals of both subgroups achieved significantly higher speed and better motion smoothness when using 3D.
Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics Asymmetric Consumption Smoothing

Analyzing account-level data from an account aggregator, we find that households increase consumption when they receive (expected) tax refunds, as if they face liquidity constraints. However, these same households smooth consumption when making payments in other years, primarily by transferring funds among liquid accounts. Even households carrying credit card debt smooth consumption when making payments, and even highly-liquid households spend out of refunds. This behavior is inconsistent with pure liquidity constraints or hand-to-mouth behavior and most consistent with a mental accounting life-cycle model.
Translatio and Memory as Cultural Metaphors. Analogies, Touch Points, and Interactions

The article discusses the interpretative and methodological potential inherent in the synergetic application of two categories paradigmatic for cultural studies and cultural literary theory: translatio and memory. It is argued that both categories, viewed as cultural metaphors and combined with each other, may serve as a complex model for the interpretation of cultural phenomena. The starting point for developing such a model is the insight that both concepts have undergone a similar semantic evolution in the discourse of cultural studies, and may now be represented as radial categories with a “prototypical centre” and metaphorical-metonymical extensions, translatio going far beyond interlingual “translation proper”. Next, some further contact zones between translatio and memory are outlined: firstly, their functional analogies, which are reflected in parallel metaphors depicting memory and translation (such as the “palimpsest” and the “devouring of the Other”). Secondly, the metaphor of the “dissemination of memes” is discussed as the most promising idea that brings together the discourse of translation studies with reflection on the mechanisms of collective memory, drawing attention to ethical and political aspects of both translatio and memory. The image of the “dissemination of memes” is also a point of departure for its derivative metaphors of “translation as memory transmission” and “memory as a space of translatio”. The conclusion is that the interactions between memory and translatio that engendered these metaphors could be * First published in Polish in Przekładaniec vol. 39/2019, this article appears in English thanks to the financial support of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. 643/P-DUN/2018). 109 Translatio and Memory as Cultural Metaphors. Analogies, Touch Points. put to use in comparative investigations. Finally, some representative research problems are formulated based on various configurations of literal and metaphorical meanings of both terms. It is emphasized that the coming together of divergent yet close pathways of translation and memory studies could be of mutual benefit to both fields of inquiry.
Adaptive Gesture Recognition System for Robotic Control using Surface EMG Sensors

Traditionally, Electromyography (EMG) technology was used primarily in the medical domain for the investigation of neuromuscular normalities. However, the development of cheap surface EMG armbands have made this high-end technology commonly accessible to a much wider community. For example, providing gesture interfaces for gaming or controlling peripheral hardware devices. So far, research within this field has typically used complex machine learning classifiers, substantially large databases and long learning/training phases to develop applications-based approaches. In this paper, a novel algorithm is presented based on one shot learning, i.e. requiring only one example per gesture, therefore substantially reducing the training time and database size. To assess the reliability and the usefulness of the developed system, the accuracy of the algorithm has been compared with classic machine learning approaches providing comparable accuracy. Additionally, the algorithm is successfully demonstrated via a robotic control experiment using various gestures for mobile platform and manipulator control.
Emotion Recognition and Expression Based on Human Motion in Service Robot Eye

– Service robots are developed with the assistance of rapidly growing aging and disabled population due to busy lifestyles of the human. Emotion recognition applications of service robots are still in developing stage. Service robot eye gets vision input to the intelligent system and finally give an output signal to the interaction part of the service robot. Therefore, robot eye design is an important factor to develop an accurate interacting service robot to care elders and disables. This paper introduces a method to develop an interactive service robot eye which has the capability to emotional recognition and expression based on the human motion by using haar cascade classification. Happy, sad and relax are the emotion types that elders and disables perform frequently. Therefore, intelligent system was developed to sense those emotions by training different classifiers for each emotion type. Parameters for haar classifier training involves the behavior of full body of the person by using the shapes of faces, hands, and legs. Developed robot eye was implemented and tested with different persons and finally, the results of the experiment are presented with the accuracy of the intelligent system to each tested person. According to the results, the emotions are detected more than 65% overall accuracy for each person.
Overcoming Resistance to Therapies Targeting the MAPK Pathway in BRAF-Mutated Tumours

Overactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important driver of many human cancers. First line, FDA-approved therapies targeting MAPK signalling, which include BRAF and MEK inhibitors, have variable success across cancers, and a significant number of patients quickly develop resistance. In recent years, a number of preclinical studies have reported alternative methods of overcoming resistance, which include promoting apoptosis, modulating autophagy, and targeting mitochondrial metabolism. This review summarizes mechanisms of resistance to approved MAPK-targeted therapies in BRAF-mutated cancers and discusses novel preclinical approaches to overcoming resistance.