Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on lipid metabolism in the small intestine with observations on the role of bile salts.

It is now well established that the esterification of long chain fatty acids is an important step in their transport across the small intestinal mucosa before they appear in the lymph in chylomicrons. Evidence for this process has been well reviewed recently (1, 2). The main ester formed by the mucosa is triglyceride but a small proportion of the fatty acids is incorporated into phospholipids and cholesterol esters. We have recently reported some in vitro studies on the incorporation of long chain fatty acids into glycerides using homogenates of rat and human small intestine mucosa and have delineated some of the cofactor requirements involved (3). This work has now been extended to the intact mucosa of the rat. Observations are presented on factors influencing the uptake and esterification of palmitate-1-C4 and the incorporation of label into lipid from C14glucose. In addition, evidence is presented for the concept that conjugated bile salts directly stimulate glyceride metabolism in the intestinal
Bis(2-methylpiperidinium) pentachloridoantimonate(III)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, (C6H14N)2[SbCl5], contains one cation and half of the anion on a special position (specifically, the SbIII ion and three chloride anions are situated on a mirror plane). In the [SbCl5]2− unit, the SbIII ion is coordinated by five chloride anions [Sb—Cl = 2.3721 (11)–2.6656 (12) Å] in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. However, one chloride anion from a neighbouring [SbCl5]2− unit provides a short Sb⋯Cl contact of 3.3600 (12) Å and completes the Sb coordination environment up to an elongated octahedron. In the crystal, N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link cations and anions into columns propagating along [100].
Aberrant promoter region hypermethylation of hmlh1 Gene in Esophageal Cancer Patients of Kashmir valley

Introduction: The Study was a Case Control undertaken to understand the etiology of esophageal cancer in the population of Kashmiri origin. Esophageal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Jammu and Kashmir region of India and has multi-factorial etiology involving dietary habits, genetic factors, and gene environmental interactions.In this study it was attempted to identify whether the altered methylation status of promoter region of Mismatch Repair (hmlh1) gene could be used as a molecular marker associated with esophageal carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: Aberrant promoter region hypermethylation plays an important role in the progression of esophageal carcinoma. For evaluating the status of hmlh1promoter region hypermethylation and its association with Esophageal Cancer, methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) was used. A total of 70 esophageal tissue specimens comprising 50 histopathologically confirmed tumor tissues and 20 histopathologically confirmed normal corresponding tissues as controls were collected for analysis in this study. DNA was extracted and treated with sodium bisulfite which converts unmethylated cytosines to uracil and does not affect methylated cytosines. The modified DNA was amplified in MS-PCR reaction by using methylated and unmethylated promoter specific primers. The MS-PCR products were run on 3% agarose and bands were visualized under UV light. Results: It was found that the frequency of promoter region hypermethylation of mismatch repair gene (hmlh1) in esophageal cancer cases was 56% and in histopathologically confirmed Normals it was 15%. Statistically the association of promoter region hypermethylation of mismatch repair gene (hmlh1) with esophageal cancer was found significant (p<0.05). Observing similar level of hmlh1 promoter hypermethylation in patients with Esophageal Cancer in this high risk region and comparing it with other parts of the world could support the hypothesis that a common molecular mechanism might be involved in tumorigenesis of Esophageal Cancer. As regards promoter hypermethylation status of mismatch repair gene hmlh1 shows a significant increase in promoter region hypermethylation of esophageal cancer patients of Kashmiri origin as compared to controls was observed.
AmpN: Real-time LOS/NLOS identification with WiFi

WiFi technology has fostered numerous mobile computing applications, e.g. indoor localization, gesture and activity recognition, device-free localization, etc., due to its ubiquity. The awareness of LOS and NLOS is a prerequisite for WiFi-based methods, since the WiFi signals received under NLOS conditions may contain a lot of noise and multipath effects, exerting great influences on the accuracy of location or identification. Traditional schemes based on commodity WiFi devices can achieve real-time LOS/NLOS identification. However, these methods face the challenges of limited bandwidth and coarse multipath resolution. In this work, we explore the amplitude feature of PHY layer information, and accordingly propose AmpN, a real-time LOS identification scheme based on commodity WiFi infrastructure that is applicable in both static and mobile scenarios. AmpN employs BP neural network algorithm in static scenario and K-Mean method in dynamic scenario, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that AmpN outperforms existing approaches, achieving overall LOS and NLOS detection rates of 94.2% and 97.6% in static case, and above 97% LOS and NLOS detection rates in mobile context. In addition, the detection delay is less than 0.4s when the link state switches from LOS to NLOS.
Office systems and their influence on mammography use in rural and urban primary care.

CONTEXT Breast cancer screening rates are lower in rural communities. Although studies have addressed barriers to mammography for rural residents, physician practice barriers have received less attention. PURPOSE Controlled clinical trials have shown that the use of office reminder systems in primary care practices is related to increased clinical care rates. Therefore, we compared office systems use in primary care practices located in rural and urban communities and assessed the impact of these systems on rural-urban differences in mammography utilization. METHODS We identified female Kansas Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 to 79 from Medicare claims data (N = 24,030) and determined which beneficiaries received a mammogram between April 1, 1999, and March 31, 2001. We linked beneficiaries to their primary care providers and obtained surveys from 180 primary care practices on their use of office reminder systems. FINDINGS Mammography rates ranged from 20% to 92% (mean = 65%) among the 180 practices. Flowsheets with a mammography prompt were used by 33% of the practices, 38% utilized nonphysician staff to identify women due for mammograms, and 15% used computerized reminder systems. Urban practices used flowsheets more often than rural practices (44% versus 16%, P < 0.001). A multivariable regression model demonstrated higher mammography rates in urban practices, group practices, and practices using mammography flowsheets. CONCLUSIONS Despite success in randomized controlled trials, reminder systems are not used often by primary care providers and are used even less often in rural compared to urban practices. Consistent implementation may be a major barrier to the successful adaptation of flowsheets by primary care offices.
Hematoporphyrin derivative: Quantitative uptake in dimethylhydrazine‐induced murine colorectal carcinoma

The selective affinity of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) for dimethyl‐hydrazine‐induced colorectal malignancies in mice was evaluated both visually and by a quantitative microfluorescent photometric technique. A significant corelation was found between higher concentrations of HpD in colon biopsies determined by microfluorescence spectroscopy and the presence of carcinoma cells in these biopsies as identified by histologic examination. Visual inspection of the gross fluorescence of tumor‐bearing colons in this experimental model, however, was not helpful in differentiating malignant from nonmalignant tissue. The implications of this study regarding the clinical application of HpD tumor fluorescence for the detection of colorectal carcinoma are discussed.
Imaging strategies for acute chest pain in the emergency department.

OBJECTIVE Echocardiography, radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), and coronary CT angiography (CTA) are the three main imaging techniques used in the emergency department for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The purpose of this article is to quantitatively examine existing evidence about the diagnostic performance of these imaging tests in this setting. CONCLUSION Our systematic search of the medical literature showed no significant difference between the modalities for the detection of ACS in the emergency department. There was a slight, positive trend favoring coronary CTA. Given the absence of large differences in diagnostic performance, practical aspects such as local practice, expertise, medical facilities, and individual patient characteristics may be more important.
Measuring blood pressure in the elderly: does atrial fibrillation increase observer variability?

OBJECTIVE--To compare the interobserver and intraobserver variability of blood pressure measurements in geriatric patients in atrial fibrillation and in sinus rhythm. DESIGN--Prospective assessment of blood pressure measurements carried out in random order in two groups of elderly patients by five doctors unaware of the aims of the study. SETTING--Acute assessment wards for geriatric medicine, Cardiff Royal Infirmary. PATIENTS--50 Elderly patients in sinus rhythm and 50 in atrial fibrillation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Interobserver and intraobserver variability of blood pressure measurements in the two groups expressed as the coefficient of variability and compared by the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS--Interobserver variability was significantly greater in the patients with atrial fibrillation for both systolic and diastolic pressures. Intraobserver variability was significantly greater in the atrial fibrillation group for diastolic pressures but the difference was not significant for systolic pressures. These differences were not related to pulse rate, age, or level of blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS--The findings suggest that in the presence of atrial fibrillation physicians' interpretations of Korotkoff sounds are less uniform, which may have important clinical implications. Possibly a standardised methodology may overcome this problem.
THYROTROPHIN BINDING INHIBITION BY ANTI‐THYROTROPHIN RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES IN GRAVES' DISEASE WHICH IS NOT REFLECTED BY 1.6 M AMMONIUM SULPHATE PRECIPITATES

In ten patients with Graves' disease before, during and after treatment and three patients in remission, we have compared the TSH‐binding inhibition caused by serum, by 1.6 M ammonium sulphate precipitates from serum and by the fractions (19S, 7S and 4S) obtained after G‐200 gel chromatography of serum and ammonium sulphate precipitates.
Hypnotizability and Obesity

Group 2, 41.1 yr. (SD = 15.84) and 181.3 Ib. (SD = 33.03), respectively. All 20 subjects were white, middle-class, married Protestants, with a mean education of 12 yr. Each woman had a history of at least one attempt at weight reduction, usually through diet. All reported temporary weight loss with subsequent re-gaining sometimes exceeding the pre-diet weight. Hypnotizability was measured during the first session with the 12-item Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility (Shor & Orne, 1962), administered by the author, who was also the therapist for both groups. The Harvard mean scores for Group 1, 2, and the combined groups were, respectively, 6.8 (SD = 2.36), 5 (SD = 3.77), and 5.9 (SD = 3.26). There was a range in each group from low to high hypnotizability, 1 to 10 and 0 to 10 for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no significant difference on the Harvard scores between groups (r = 1.22). Each group met for eight weekly sessions and the mean posttreatment weight changes were -2.3 Ib. (SD = 6.69), -3.6 lb. (SD = 4.27), and -2.95 Ib. (SD = 5.65) for Groups 1, 2, and combined groups, respectively. The range of weight change was a gain of 15 Ib. to a loss of 10 Ib. for Group 1 and +6 Ib. to -9 Ib. for Group 2. The groups did not significantly differ in weight change (t = .49). No significant correlations were found between weight changes and Haward scores (r = -.003, .11, and .07 for Groups 1, 2, and all subjects, respmively). While weight loss was negligible, there was a range of 25 Ib. between losers and gainers, as well as variability in hypnotizability. In spite of sufficient individual differences, hypnotizability failed to predict weight loss for these 20 women. It may be noted that the Harvard mean of 5.9 for the whole group is less than the Harvard scale mean of 9.17 for obese women reported by Thorne, Rasmus, and Fisher (1976). The lower Harvard scores are supportive of Deyoub's 11978) finding that obese subjects are not unusually suggestible.
Participation of NMDA‐mediated phosphorylation and oxidation of neurogranin in the regulation of Ca2+‐ and Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent neuronal signaling in the hippocampus

Neurogranin/RC3 (Ng) is a postsynaptic protein kinase C (PKC) substrate and calmodulin (CaM)‐binding protein whose CaM‐binding affinity is modulated by Ca2+, phosphorylation and oxidation. Ng has been implicated in the modulation of postsynaptic signal transduction pathways and synaptic plasticity. Previously, we showed a severe deficit of spatial memory in Ng knockout (KO) mice. Activation of the NMDA receptor and its downstream signaling molecules are known to be involved in long‐term memory formation. In the present study, using mouse hippocampal slices, we demonstrated that NMDA induced a rapid and transient phosphorylation and oxidation of Ng. NMDA also caused activation of PKC as evidenced by their phosphorylations, whereas, such activations were greatly reduced in the KO mice. A higher degree of phosphorylation of Ca2+/CaM‐dependent kinase II and activation of cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase were also evident in the WT compared to those of the KO mice. Phosphorylation of downstream targets, including mitogen‐activated protein kinases and cAMP response element‐binding protein, were significantly attenuated in the KO mice. These results suggest that by its Ca2+‐sensitive CaM‐binding feature, and through its phosphorylation and oxidation, Ng regulates the Ca2+‐ and Ca2+/CaM‐dependent signaling pathways subsequent to the stimulation of NMDA receptor. These findings support the hypothesis that the derangement of hippocampal signal transduction cascades in Ng KO mice causes the deficits in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory that occur in these mice.
A solution SAXS study of borrelia burgdorferi OspA, a protein containing a single‐layer β‐sheet

The crystal structure of a soluble form of Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA) complexed with the Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody has revealed an unusual structure that has a repetitive antiparallel β topology with a nonglobular, single layer β‐sheet connecting the globular N‐ and C‐terminal domains. Earlier NMR studies have shown that the local structure of OspA including the single layer β‐sheet is similar to the crystal structure. Here we report a small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) study of the global conformation of OspA in solution. The radius of gyration (Rg) and the length distribution function (P(r)) of OspA measured by SAXS in solution are nearly identical to the calculated ones from the crystal structure, respectively. The NMR and SAXS experiments complement each other to show that OspA including the central single‐layer β‐sheet is a stable structure in solution, and that the OspA crystal structure represents the predominant solution conformation of the protein.
Three-dimensional birefringence imaging with a microscope tilting stage

The technique enables precise three-dimensional birefringence information of optically biaxial materials to be obtained. Equations derived here describe a mathematical model of the tilting-stage system for such crystals in any general orientation. This leads to precise values of the three principal birefringences and the optical orientation. The method is also able to obtain information on preferred orientation in a biaxial polycrystalline material, providing comprehensive information on both optical orientation of crystallites and spatial resolution. In addition, an unknown crystalline material may be identified, or at least classified within a specific group of crystalline materials.
Allele mining and sequence diversity at the wheat powdery mildew resistance locus Pm3

Kaur N, Street K , Mackay M , Yahiaoui N, Keller B 1 Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland, ICARDA, PO Box: 5466, Aleppo, Syria, 3 Australian Winter Cereals Collection, 4 Marsden Park Road, CALALA NSW 2340, Australia, UMR Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite CIRAD TA A-54/K Campus International de Baillarguet 34398, Montpellier cedex 15, France
Popowia bachmaensis (Annonaceae), a new species from Bach Ma National Park, Central Vietnam

Abstract A new species, Popowia bachmaensis Ngoc, Tagane & Yahara, sp. nov. is described from Bach Ma National Park in Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam. This species is morphologically similar to Popowia pisocarpa (Blume) Endl. ex Walp. , but can be readily distinguished from it by its lower stems, smaller leaves, shorter flowering pedicels, shorter carpels, longer sepals and inner petals. A detailed description, comprising illustrations, and supplemented with DNA barcodes of the two regions of rbcL and matK, are provided.
Metabolic, muscle damage and heart rate responses in Brazilian jiu-jitsu matches of varied duration

The aim of this study was to analyze physiological responses in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) athletes during matches of varied duration. To this end, 10 athletes (age: 29±5 years, body mass: 77.5±6.3 kg, body fat: 10.0±5.2%, systematic BJJ practice: 10±2 years) were analyzed in matches of varied duration (2-min, 5-min, 8-min and 10-min). Blood collection was performed to determine energetic demands, hormonal responses and muscle damage. The main results showed that a longer duration of combat generated higher lactate (p<.001) and glucose (p=.004) concentrations. However, when the data were corrected for the effort time, higher lactate concentrations (p<.001) and higher heart rates (p<.001) were found for shorter combats. No changes were observed regarding insulin (p=.870), triglycerides (p=.219), total cholesterol (p=.170), albumin (p=.060) and urea (p=.772) values. For markers of muscle damage, no alterations were detected for creatine kinase (p=.401). However, evidence of muscle damage was found, as increased lactate desidrogenase (p=.012) and creatinine (p=.002) concentrations were observed, particularly in longer matches. Thus, it is concluded that different combat times have a direct influence on the physiological, hormonal and metabolic responses.
Sensitivity analysis of the multiuser offset QAM multicarrier systems to carrier frequency and timing offsets

We analyze of the effects of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and timing offset in multiuser offset QAM (OQAM) filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) systems. These effects are quantified by signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of a desired user. Expressions for SIRs are derived. Numerical results show that the multiuser OQAM multicarrier system is more robust to CFO than orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. On the other hand, while, because of the presence cyclic prefix (CP), OFDMA can tolerate some level of timing offset, multiuser OQAM multicarrier system may degrade for any deviation of timing offset from its optimum value.
Phenylalanine hydroxylase: Function, structure, and regulation

Mammalian phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) catalyzes the rate‐limiting step in the phenylalanine catabolism, consuming about 75% of the phenylalanine input from the diet and protein catabolism under physiological conditions. In humans, mutations in the PAH gene lead to phenylketonuria (PKU), and most mutations are mainly associated with PAH misfolding and instability. The established treatment for PKU is a phenylalanine‐restricted diet and, recently, supplementation with preparations of the natural tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor also shows effectiveness for some patients. Since 1997 there has been a significant increase in the understanding of the structure, catalytic mechanism, and regulation of PAH by its substrate and cofactor, in addition to improved correlations between genotype and phenotype in PKU. Importantly, there has also been an increased number of studies on the structure and function of PAH from bacteria and lower eukaryote organisms, revealing an additional anabolic role of the enzyme in the synthesis of melanin‐like pigments. In this review, we discuss these recent studies, which contribute to define the evolutionary adaptation of the PAH structure and function leading to sophisticated regulation for effective catabolic processing of phenylalanine in mammalian organisms. © 2013 IUBMB Life 65(4):341–349, 2013.
MIMO-OFDM Precoding Technique for Minimizing BER Upper Bound of MLD

This paper proposes a new MIMO-OFDM precoding technique that aims to minimize a bit error rate (BER) upper bound of the maximum likelihood detection (MLD) in mobile radio communications. Using a steepest descent algorithm, the proposed method estimates linear precoding matrices that can minimize the upper bound of BER under power constraints. Since the upper bound is derived from all the pairwise error probabilities, this method can effectively optimize overall Euclidean distances between signals received by multiple antennas and their replicas. Computer simulations evaluate the BER performance and channel capacity of the proposed scheme for 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-OFDM systems with BPSK, QPSK, and 16QAM. It is demonstrated that the proposed precoding technique is superior in terms of average BER to conventional precoding methods including a precoder which maximizes only the minimum Euclidean distance as the worst case.
Robot concept for scalable, flexible assembly automation: A technology study on a harmless dual-armed robot

This paper introduces a new robot concept that aims at closing the gap between a manual assembly and a fully automatic assembly. It is intended to be used for handling and assembly of small parts in a highly agile production scenario, which employs both human workers and robots in the same line, with a frequent need for reconfiguration. The development is at a stage where several prototypes leave the research lab and are being tested in pilot applications, with more work required to reach a fully agile assembly scenario. Substantial parts of the remaining research work are done in the FP7 project ROSETTA.
Implementations of data triage methods for DTN based disaster information networks

It is necessary to concern the deficient network resources if there happened to be a severe disaster, and the DTN is widely known as the suitable network routing methods for such a robust network conditions. On the contrary, the DTN has pointed out the subjects of low date delivery rate and the high latency for the uses. Therefore, this paper proposed the enhanced DTN routing methods based on the Data Triage, the Dynamic FEC controls, and the antenna directional controls. Also, it is reported the implementations of the Data Triage methods in the prototype system, and the experimental results are used for the effectiveness of the proposed methods and the future studies.