Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteria Associated with Winter Wheat Degrade Fusarium Mycotoxins and Triazole Fungicide Residues

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is the most dangerous spike disease of wheat, and triazole fungicides are generally recommended for FHB control. Bacteria isolates obtained from wheat grain were identified as members of the genus Sphingomonas based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The degradation of propiconazole and trichothecenes was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Two field experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the biological treatment. All of the tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin. Moreover, all strains were effective in degrading propiconazole and exhibited inhibitory effects on pathogens that cause FHB in wheat. Sphingomonas isolate S11 was selected for the field experiment because it inhibited the development of F. culmorum colonies in vitro by 48.80%, and degraded propiconazole in 15.13% after 48 h. The application of Sphingomonas S11 suspension during the growing season of winter wheat decreased the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of grain inoculated with F. culmorum more than 22-fold. Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicides also decreased the contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusarium and their mycotoxins. The analyzed bacteria can be potentially used to protect wheat against FHB pathogens, increase yields and improve grain quality by eliminating dangerous mycotoxins and propiconazole residues.
Meta-Analysis and Rationale Regarding the Effect of Protease Inhibitors onSurvival in the HIV-1-Infected Population

One of the most effective ways to decrease the replication of HIV and viral load in HIV-infected patients is to inhibit the protease enzyme system. Medications that inhibit the HIV protease enzyme system have been shown to decrease mortality. Protease inhibitors attack a vital point in the viral replication cycle of HIV. Medical research has shown that this class of drugs increases survival and decreases morbidity in the HIV-infected population. However, protease inhibitors have specific side effects, adversely affecting patient compliance and increasing comorbidities and mortality. The first-generation of HIV drugs (and treatment regimes) have been replaced by newer drugs and drug combinations, resulting in fewer side effects and higher compliance rates. This paper presents the results and rationale of a meta-analysis regarding the effect of protease inhibitors on survival in the HIV-1-infected population. The current use of protease inhibitors—although not a cure for HIV/AIDS—is beneficial in controlling HIV and decreasing associated mortality and morbidity.
Conflict within tri hita karana’s fields: A conceptual review

Submitted: 18 July 2020 Revised: 09 August 2020 Accepted: 27 September 2020 The study on Tri Hita Karana mostly focuses on the application of the concept in particular area. Its lack of conjectural discussion opens opportunities for further research. Specifically, conflict is infrequently embraced, despite the fact that dispute is inevitably part of another Balinese balance concept, namely, rwa bhineda. This paper aims to draft a discourse of THK within the standpoint of cultural sociology by tailoring several concepts to identify the raise and possibility of conflict in Balinese social systems. Thence, the paper first reviews THK literatures to examine research conceptions on THK within Balinese customs. Second, the paper proposes extended THK framework to illustrate how conflict can emerge in Balinese practices and explain further understanding of interrelation of THK’s worlds. This paper highlights how the THK can be seen from cultural sociology perspectives to frame the dynamic of Balinese traditions within the contestation of spiritual, nature, and human fields. This study shows that capital play important roles on the Balinese life balance. Capital determines the positions, statuses, competitions, and hence symbolic values of agents in the fields. The paper advocates future theory developments to construct on different framework of THK to better describe the Balinese transitions toward modern cultures.
The effect of affective and normative commitment on helping behaviour in different online contexts

Background: Despite the benefits provided by online communities and online retailing, administrators and managers are faced with several challenges to successfully manage these platforms. Helping behaviours may assist to overcome these challenges; however, knowledge about this construct in different online environments is limited. Objectives: To investigate the influence of affective and normative commitment on helping behaviour within non-commercial and commercial online environments. Method: Data were collected through online questionnaires. The sample included residential online community members who actively participated in the community during the last 12 months (non-commercial sample) or had made an online purchase during the last 12 months (commercial sample). Non-probability sampling was used and the data analysis included descriptive statistics using SPSS and structural equation modelling using Mplus software. Results: In both online environments, affective commitment positively influenced the helping behaviours of online community members and online customers; however, the relationship between normative commitment and helping behaviour was only significant for the non-commercial online environment. Informational support, satisfaction and subjective norm were confirmed as antecedents of affective and normative commitment for both online environments. Conclusion: Affectively committed online community members and online retail customers are likely to perform helping behaviours and will become affectively and normatively committed when the community and online retailer provide satisfactory service to the members and customers. Online community members who are normatively committed will help fellow members to use the service of the online community; and should online community members and online customers experience subjective norm, they will become normatively committed.
Effect of air voids on permeability and durability of hot mix asphalt

The existence of water in the layers of hot mix asphalt (HMA) concrete pavement can lead to weakening of bonds between bitumen and aggregates, and cause moisture damage. In the last few decades, various research has been carried out on the specific subject of moisture damage and permeability; however, only limited work has been carried out to study the relationship of air voids with permeability and durability in HMA. The key objective of this research was to study whether such a relationship exists. This was determined by using locally available materials and the most common gradation used in Pakistan. Laboratory permeability tests were conducted on the prepared slabs while an indirect tensile strength ratio (TSR) test of the prepared samples was performed in the laboratory, which was used as moisture damage potential parameter against various air void levels. AASHTO T-283 test procedure showed a drop in TSR value while EN 12697-40 (80-B0093) test method showed an increase in permeability value with increase of air voids indicating that moisture damage followed. This research concludes that moisture damage is linked to the permeability of HMA and defines 6 % air voids as the threshold for National Highway Authority (NHA), Pakistan Class ‘A’ gradation. The outcomes of this research can be applied as benchmark values of the hydraulic conductivity (permeability) and durability of asphalt mixtures used in highway pavement construction.
Reduction of HARQ Latency for URLLC 5G Services Based on Network Slicing and Massive MIMO Hybrid Beamforming

Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) is one of the three generic 5G services and probably the most challenging one, with strict quality of service requirements of 99.999% or more reliability and less than 1 milliseconds (ms) radio latency. To achieve latency targets, contributors to latency need to be addressed. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions are major contributor to latency and need to be limited. The objective of this paper is to study the benefit of using Massive MIMO (M-MIMIO) along with radio network slicing to reduce number of HARQ retransmissions. A practical type of M-MIMO beamforming named hybrid beamforming is used. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated with slicing, without slicing and by alternating number of data streams per user. This work highlights the importance of technology enablers, such as M-MIMO and network slicing, in addressing quality-of-service (QoS) latency requirements for URLLC applications.
Effects of global and local ply-reinforcements of critical components on crush performances of 2D tri-axially braided CFRP J-shaped fuselage frame

Abstract With the development of aircraft industry, there is an urgent demand for pursuing higher crashworthiness design standard of fuselage. However, there is a challenge for improving the crush performances of fuselage with low design and fabrication cost. To explore optimal design areas, effects of global and local ply-reinforcements of critical components on crush performances of 2D tri-axially braided CFRP J-shaped fuselage frame are predicted with validated continuum damage model. The finite element model composed of three critical components (e.g. outer flange, web, and inner flange) can accurately predict the experimental maximum failure load and breakage mode. Then, the crush behaviours of fuselage frame with global and local ply-reinforcements are respectively compared among three parts. It is found that local ply-reinforcements slightly increase structural stiffness, failure load, and SEA but global ply-reinforcements present greater improvements, especially for the outer flange and web. Further, effects of ply number of each part on crush behaviours of fuselage frame are predicted. Results show that increasing ply number presents higher performances but the SEA only increases for global ply-reinforcement of outer flange. It is concluded that globally reinforcing the outer flange has the highest reinforcement efficiency with a low increase of weight. This study provides a preferential reinforcement design idea for the fuselage to keep the light-weight and high-strength.
Tourists’ revisit intention to UNESCO world heritage sites in a developing nation: Investigating the mediating role of place dependence

The purpose for this study is to examine the factors affecting tourists’ revisit intention to UNESCO World Heritage Sites in a developing nation. Additionally, the mediating role of place dependence on this relationship is also inspected. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 300 foreign tourists visiting heritage sites in Penang, Malaysia, and were analysed via the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. Empirical results revealed that emotion of joy, love, and positive surprise, and place dependence affect tourists’ revisit intention to UNESCO World Heritage Sites in a developing nation. Furthermore, the indirect influence of the emotion of positive surprise on tourists’ revisit intention to UNESCO World Heritage Sites via place dependence was the strongest, with the emotions of joy and love ranking behind. The findings suggest that tourism authorities, tourism practitioners, and tourism managements should actively engage with existing tourists and potential tourists via digital marketing platforms and social media marketing tools in order to create long-term engagement and promote the connection of heritage tourism to personal feelings in a memorable way. This permits gathering of high volumes of information from other tourists who share their exciting travel-related details of their visits to UNESCO World Heritage Sites. This study adds the current body of knowledge by furnishing a better empirical understanding of the significant evidence to support the notion that returning tourists (i.e. repeaters) are heavily influenced by emotional aspects and bonding arising from their positive memory during the visit. Directions for future research are also offered.
Promoting students’ learning motivation through project-based learning using Muvizu in 21st-century education

The present research aims to investigate the implementation of project-based learning (PBL) in the ESP 21st-century education setting by using the Muvizu application that promotes students’ motivation to learn English together with ICT and hadith. Hence, the researcher carried out descriptive quantitative research at the Manajemen Dakwahdepartment of the State Islamic University Mataram by involving 132 students. The interview, observation and questionnaire were the instruments for gathering data. The resultsare as follows: first, students learned English, religion and ICT simultaneously; second, Muvizu PBL in English class had promoted students’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as well as integrative and instrumental motivations; third, the Muvizu PBL had depicted the expected 21st-century education classroom setting, competences and skills;fourth, good students’ responses and attitudes had raised the public’s interest to study at the department and university. Future researchesareexpected to discuss the most contributive factors that influence students’ motivation in asimilar learning design. Keywords: ICT, Muvizu, motivation, project-based learning, 21st-century education;
Photostable Optical Oxygen Sensing Material: Platinum Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin Immobilized in Polystyrene

An oxygen sensing material based on platinum tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (PtTFPP) has been developed and characterized using luminescence quenching by oxygen of PtTFPP molecules immobilized in polystyrene (PS) polymer. This is a photostable sensing material that exhibits minimal deterioration (only 9.2% decrease of initial intensity after continuous illumination for 50 h with excitation at 508 nm). The signal changes of the PtTFPP/PS membrane are large enough to allow quantification of oxygen with good sensitivity (I 0 /I 100 >3). Response times are 18 s for de-oxygenated to oxygenated conditions and 1 min for the reverse conditions.
Extração de oleo essencial de cravo-da-india em leito fixo com dioxido de carbono liquido suberitico

Estudou-se o processo de extracao de oleo de cravo-da-india com dioxido de carbono liquido subcritico (ou seja. liquefeito a pressoes inferiores a 72,3 atm e temperaturas inferiores a 31,8°C). Montou-se um equipamento que operava com CO2LSBC (LSBC= liquido subcritico) a duas pressoes (70 e 65 Kgf/cm2 manometricos) e que permitia variacao da temperatura do a solvente. Cravo moido foi colocado em um extrator de leito fino (300 mm de comprimento, 7.1 mm de diâmetro interno e 1.2 mm de espessura) e a extracao se deu em sistema semicontinuo. Variou-se o tamanho das particu1as de cravo moido (meshs 48. 32, 16) e as condicoes de temperatura (10 a 25°C) e pressao (66 e 70 kgf/cm2) do CO2LSBC para investigar o efeito desses fatores na cinetica de transferencia de massa e no equilibrio do oleo essencial no sol vente. Um balanco de massa para o oleo no solvente e nos solidos foi escrito. O processo foi descrito como uma lavagem superficial do oleo pelo dioxido de carbono. Toda contribuicao difusional foi desprezada. As equacoes resultantes foram resolvidas numericamente pelo metodo das caracteristicas com o auxilio de um programa desenvolvido em linguagem FORTRAN 77. O modelo matematico descreveu adequadamente o processo. Os perfis de concentracao em funcao do tempo de extracao e do comprimento do extrator foram determinados. A comparacao dos resultados experimentais com a solucao das equacoes do balanco de massa permitiu a determinacao de coeficientes volumetricos globais de transferencia de massa que ficam na faixa de 0.80 a 1.20 g/cm2 s. Abstract
A SHORT SCALE OF TRAFFIC CLIMATE ACROSS FIVE COUNTRIES

The Traffic Climate Scale (TCS) measures the perceptions and attitudes of road users about the given traffic context with three dimensions: external affective demands, functionality, and internal requirements. The TCS was developed in Turkish and then translated into several languages. The main aim of the current study was to develop a shorter version of the TCS and to test the factor structures cross-culturally (i.e. Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia, and Turkey). In addition, the five countries were compared in terms of their perceived traffic climate. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the fit of the models. The results yielded two different Mini-TCS versions that were developed based on the previous longer versions. The two Mini-TCS versions included 22 items and 16 items respectively. The goodness of fit findings showed that both versions of the Mini-TCS are useful short measures of the TCS in Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia and Turkey. The comparison analyses showed that five countries had both similarities and differences in terms of their traffic climate. To illustrate, Turkey, Greece, and Kosovo had the highest scores in external affective demands and internal requirements dimensions; whereas Kosovo, Russia, and Estonia had the highest scores in functionality dimension in both long and short versions. The findings suggested that both versions of Mini-TCS are effective tools that can be used to understand how road users conceptualize traffic context in these five countries.
The State of Internet-Assisted Language Learning (IALL) Knowledge among English Major Students in a Yemeni Public University

The research aimed to examine the state of Yemeni English major students’ knowledge of Internet-assisted language learning (IALL). Two types of knowledge were assessed, i.e. subjective knowledge and objective knowledge. The study also sought to examine differences in these two types of knowledge among students by gender and discipline of study, and whether subjective knowledge and objective knowledge were significantly correlated. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 598 English language students from education- and non-education study programs of a Yemeni public university during the 2017 academic year. Data were collected using two separate instruments: a self-developed IALL questionnaire for objective knowledge, and an adapted subjective knowledge scale. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests and bivariate correlation were carried out with SPSS software Version 24. The results show a moderate level of perceived IALL knowledge, but lower levels of actual knowledge on various aspects of IALL, particularly with respect to tools mostly used for oral language practices, such as Skype, Busuu.com, Live Mocha and SharedLingo. Gender influenced perceived knowledge – with female students reporting significantly higher knowledge levels – but not objective knowledge, while discipline of study influenced both knowledge types in favor of students pursuing non-education degree programs. A significant but inverse relationship was discovered between subjective and objective knowledge. The results emphasize the need to start focusing on adopting IALL tools by English learners in universities across Yemen. Keywords: Internet-assisted language learning, IALL tools and resources, perceived knowledge, objective knowledge, Yemeni university students
Gender-based emergency preparedness and awareness: empirical evidences from high-school students of Gilgit, Pakistan

ABSTRACT School emergency preparedness must be enhanced to save the lives of children and reduce adverse impacts on the school education system. The gender dimension of school-going children can help understand and assess the dynamics of vulnerabilities in school settings. This paper quantifies gender-based knowledge about emergency preparedness for a crisis. Gilgit city, a multi-hazard prone area in Northern Pakistan, was taken as a case study area. Slovin’s sampling method was employed to estimate the minimum required sample size. The data was collected using structured questionnaires, and a total of 486 samples were collected, with 238 girls and 248 boys. Emergency preparedness and awareness indicators, chosen through literature, were classified under four components, i.e. emergency circulation and evacuation, support and assistance, communication, and search and rescue. A five-point Likert scale was used to map the indicators, and an index-based approach was used to quantify emergency preparedness. Statistical tests were used to examine gender-based differences among emergency preparedness and its components. Results show that both genders exhibited low awareness, whereas a significant difference in communication, and search and rescue component. There is an immediate need to launch awareness campaigns and training in schools for effective disaster risk reduction.
The Fabrication of Cassava Silk Fibroin-Based Composite Film with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt as a Biodegradable Membrane Material

Abstract A novel and excellent composite film was fabricated by simply casting cassava silk fibroin (CSF), chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC), and graphene oxide (GO) in an aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscope images showed that when GO was dispersed in the composite films, the surface of CSF-based composite film became rough, and a wrinkled GO structure could be found. When the content of GO was 0.8%, the film displayed a higher change with respect to the breaking strength and elongation, respectively, up to 97.69 ± 3.69 and 79.11 ± 1.48 MPa, keeping good thermal properties because of the incorporation of GO and HACC. Furthermore, the novel CSF/HACC/GO composite film demonstrates a lower degradation rate, implying the improvement of the resistance to the enzyme solution. Especially in the film with 0.8 wt% GO, the residual mass arrived at 64.35 ± 1.1% of the primary mass after 21 days compared with the CSF/HACC film. This would reclaim the application of silk-based composite films in the biomaterial field.
Etude microrhéologique du réseau d'actine de cellules en culture en présence de facteurs biochimiques modifiant sa dynamique

L'objectif de cette these est de caracteriser l'influence de facteurs proteiques sur la dynamique du cytosquelette cellulaire au moyen d'outils de micromanipulation controles. Nous avons determine la reponse microrheologique du reseau d'actine pour des cellules uniques. Nous avons applique grâce a un systeme de pinces optiques des forces statiques et oscillantes a des microbilles de verres attachees de maniere specifique au reseau d'actine de divers types cellulaires. Dans le cas statique nous avons mesure des modules elastiques dans la gamme 29