Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supportive or Confining? The Impact of War Metaphors From the COVID-19 Pandemic on Persons With Disabilities in Mainland China

Ensuring the well-being of persons with disabilities (PWDs) is a priority in the public sector during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To contain this unprecedented public crisis in China, a set of nationwide anti-epidemic discourse systems centered on war metaphors has guided the epidemic's prevention and control. While the public is immersed in the joy brought by the stage victory, most ignore the situation of the disadvantaged PWDs. Accordingly, this study adopts and presents a qualitative research method to explore the impact of war metaphors on PWDs. The results showed that while there was some formal and informal support for PWDs during this period, they were increasingly marginalized. Owing to the lack of a disability lens and institutional exclusion, PWDs were placed on the margins of the epidemic prevention and control system like outsiders. Affected by pragmatism under war metaphors, PWDs are regarded as non-contributory or inefficient persons; therefore, they are not prioritized and are thus placed into a state of being voiceless and invisible. This research can provide inspiration for improving public services for PWDs in the context of COVID-19.
Simulation Based on an Agent-Based Model to Demonstrate the Transmission of COVID-19 and Effectiveness of Different Public Health Strategies

COVID-19 has changed the world fundamentally since its outbreak in January 2020. Public health experts and administrations around the world suggested and implemented various intervention strategies to slow down the transmission of the virus. To illustrate to the general public how the virus is transmitted and how different intervention strategies can check the transmission, we built an agent-based model to simulate the transmission of the virus in the real world and demonstrate how to prevent its spread with public health strategies.
An Innate Preference of Bumblebees for Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Phaseolus vulgaris Plants Infected With Three Different Viruses

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) attractive to bumblebees (Bombus terrestris L.), which are important tomato pollinators, but which do not transmit CMV. We investigated if this effect was unique to the tomato-CMV pathosystem. In two bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars, infection with the potyviruses bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) or bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), or with the cucumovirus CMV induced quantitative changes in VOC emission detectable by coupled gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In free-choice olfactometry assays bumblebees showed an innate preference for VOC blends emitted by virus-infected non-flowering bean plants and flowering CMV-infected bean plants, over VOCs emitted by non-infected plants. Bumblebees also preferred VOCs of flowering BCMV-infected plants of the Wairimu cultivar over non-infected plants, but the preference was not significant for BCMV-infected plants of the Dubbele witte cultivar. Bumblebees did not show a significant preference for VOCs from BCMNV-infected flowering bean plants but differential conditioning olfactometric assays showed that bumblebees do perceive differences between VOC blends emitted by flowering BCMNV-infected plants over non-infected plants. These results are consistent with the concept that increased pollinator attraction may be a virus-to-host payback, and show that virus-induced changes in bee-attracting VOC emission is not unique to one virus-host combination.
Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals That E1A Binding Protein p300 Mutations Increase Genome Instability and Antitumor Immunity

E1A binding protein p300 (EP300) is mutated in diverse cancers. Nevertheless, a systematic investigation into the associations of EP300 mutations with genome instability and antitumor immunity in pan-cancer remains lacking. Using the datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we analyzed the correlations between EP300 mutations and genome instability and antitumor immune response in 11 cancer types. Compared to EP300-wild-type cancers, EP300-mutated cancers had significantly higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) in 10 cancer types. EP300-mutated cancers harbored a much higher fraction of microsatellite instable cancers in the colon and gastric cancers. EP300 was co-mutated with genes involved in DNA damage repair pathways in multiple cancers. Furthermore, compared to EP300-wild-type cancers, EP300-mutated cancers had significantly higher immune cytolytic activity scores and ratios of immune-stimulatory over immune-inhibitory signatures in diverse cancers. Also, EP300-mutated cancers showed significantly higher programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels than EP300-wild-type cancers. The increased TMB, antitumor immune activity, and PD-L1 expression indicated a favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in EP300-mutated cancers, as evident in three cancer cohorts treated with ICIs. Thus, the EP300 mutation could be a predictive biomarker for the response to immunotherapy.
Overexpression of mqsR in Xylella fastidiosa Leads to a Priming Effect of Cells to Copper Stress Tolerance

Copper-based compounds are widely used in agriculture as a chemical strategy to limit the spread of multiple plant diseases; however, the continuous use of this heavy metal has caused environmental damage as well as the development of copper-resistant strains. Thus, it is important to understand how the bacterial phytopathogens evolve to manage with this metal in the field. The MqsRA Toxin–Antitoxin system has been recently described for its function in biofilm formation and copper tolerance in Xylella fastidiosa, a plant-pathogen bacterium responsible for economic damage in several crops worldwide. Here we identified differentially regulated genes by X. fastidiosa MqsRA by assessing changes in global gene expression with and without copper. Results show that mqsR overexpression led to changes in the pattern of cell aggregation, culminating in a global phenotypic heterogeneity, indicative of persister cell formation. This phenotype was also observed in wild-type cells but only in the presence of copper. This suggests that MqsR regulates genes that alter cell behavior in order to prime them to respond to copper stress, which is supported by RNA-Seq analysis. To increase cellular tolerance, proteolysis and efflux pumps and regulator related to multidrug resistance are induced in the presence of copper, in an MqsR-independent response. In this study we show a network of genes modulated by MqsR that is associated with induction of persistence in X. fastidiosa. Persistence in plant-pathogenic bacteria is an important genetic tolerance mechanism still neglected for management of phytopathogens in agriculture, for which this work expands the current knowledge and opens new perspectives for studies aiming for a more efficient control in the field.
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Sihocheonggan-Tang Shapes the Immune Responses of Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by complex immune dysregulation and closely related to the gut microbiome. The present study investigated the microbiome-mediated effect of Sihocheonggan-Tang (SHCGT) on AD-like symptoms induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in BALB/c mice. DNCB was applied regularly to the ear and dorsal skin of BALB/c mice, and SHCGT was administered orally daily for 2 weeks. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and the effect of gut microbiome-derived metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), was evaluated in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-treated HaCaT cells. SHCGT alleviated DNCB-induced symptoms of AD and the immune response to AD by decreasing the plasma immunoglobulin E level and splenic interleukin-4, interleukin-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels. The gut microbiome composition and the damaged gut epithelial barrier in mice with AD were also significantly altered by SHCGT, and the reduced SCFA levels therein were elevated. We found that SFCAs directly inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 in TNF-α- and INF-γ-treated HaCaT cells. The finding that SHCGT regulates the gut microbiome and improves DNCB-induced AD in mice suggests that this herbal medicine has therapeutic potential in patients with AD.
The Influence of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Social Support Specific to Physical Activity Among Belgian Adults

In Belgium, lockdown measures were taken to counter the spread of COVID-19. This major life-change event may disrupt a person's daily routine and influence health behaviors. Although measures were restrictive, citizens were encouraged to engage in physical activity (PA) behavior in order to maintain well-being. Social support specific to PA (SSPA) had been highlighted as an important psychosocial factor in initiating and/or maintaining active behavior. The main aims of this study were to explore the influence of COVID-19 lockdown on PA and sedentary behavior, and on SSPA from family and from friends; and investigate the potential differences in terms of professional status. An online survey was distributed during the 1st weeks of the lockdown. A total of 272 Belgian adults responded to the survey. The findings show no significant difference between prior to and during lockdown with regard to the amount of PA. The results show a significant increase in sedentary behavior among the entire sample, workers and retirees. The findings also suggest that the support of other individuals is particularly useful for certain population groups such as retirees. Given the importance of the levels of PA and sedentariness as health behaviors preceding a major life-change event such as a lockdown, there is a need to promote these health behaviors during normal life in order for the population to remain active throughout their lifespan.
Radiomics in Oncology: A 10-Year Bibliometric Analysis

Objectives To date, radiomics has been applied in oncology for over a decade and has shown great progress. We used a bibliometric analysis to analyze the publications of radiomics in oncology to clearly illustrate the current situation and future trends and encourage more researchers to participate in radiomics research in oncology. Methods Publications for radiomics in oncology were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). WoSCC data were collected, and CiteSpace was used for a bibliometric analysis of countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and references pertaining to this field. The state of research and areas of focus were analyzed through burst detection. Results A total of 7,199 pieces of literature concerning radiomics in oncology were analyzed on CiteSpace. The number of publications has undergone rapid growth and continues to increase. The USA and Chinese Academy of Sciences are found to be the most prolific country and institution, respectively. In terms of journals and co-cited journals, Scientific Reports is ranked highest with respect to the number of publications, and Radiology is ranked highest among co-cited journals. Moreover, Jie Tian has published the most publications, and Phillipe Lambin is the most cited author. A paper published by Gillies et al. presents the highest citation counts. Artificial intelligence (AI), segmentation methods, and the use of radiomics for classification and diagnosis in oncology are major areas of focus in this field. Test-retest statistics, including reproducibility and statistical methods of radiomics research, the relation between genomics and radiomics, and applications of radiomics to sarcoma and intensity-modulated radiotherapy, are frontier areas of this field. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an overview of the literature related to radiomics in oncology and may inspire researchers from multiple disciplines to engage in radiomics-related research.
The Influence of Ethanolamines on the Solvothermal Synthesis of Zinc Oxide: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

The solvothermal synthesis of ZnO particles from zinc acetylacetonate [Zn(acac)2] in the presence of monoethanolamine (MEA) or triethanolamine (TEA) at 170 °C is reported. The structural, optical and morphological characteristics of ZnO particles have been studied by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FE-SEM and TEM/STEM microscopy. The experimental findings are confirmed by means of DFT calculations. On the basis of the results, both experimental and theoretical, the growth mechanism is proposed which initiated the ZnO nucleation process continued by the growth of primary nanoparticles and immediately thereafter the spherical aggregation of ZnO particles. The calculations suggest that the process of ZnO nucleation proceeded mainly through the reaction of small dimers rather than oligomeric or monomeric species. The high chelating efficiency of both ethanolamines towards zinc with tetrahedral geometry is observed, having the same structural motif for the most stable ZnO–MEA and ZnO–TEA dimers. It was found that the way of primary ZnO nanoparticles growth and their spherical aggregation into final particles strongly depend on the type of ethanolamine used and the molar ratio [ethanolamine]/[Zn(acac)2]. The results show that the increase in TEA concentration could potentiate TEA coating on ZnO nanoparticles, which induced the formation of bigger, densely packed spherical aggregates. The reduced band gap energies were noticed with the increased sample microsphere size.
Multi-omic Analysis of Non-human Primate Heart after Partial-body Radiation with Minimal Bone Marrow Sparing

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Abstract High-dose radiation exposure results in hematopoietic and gastrointestinal acute radiation syndromes followed by delayed effects of acute radiation exposure, which encompasses multiple organs, including heart, kidney, and lung. Here we sought to further characterize the natural history of radiation-induced heart injury via determination of differential protein and metabolite expression in the heart. We quantitatively profiled the proteome and metabolome of left and right ventricle from non-human primates following 12 Gy partial body irradiation with 2.5% bone marrow sparing over a time period of 3 wk. Global proteome profiling identified more than 2,200 unique proteins, with 220 and 286 in the left and right ventricles, respectively, showing significant responses across at least three time points compared to baseline levels. High-throughput targeted metabolomics analyzed a total of 229 metabolites and metabolite combinations, with 18 and 22 in the left and right ventricles, respectively, showing significant responses compared to baseline levels. Bioinformatic analysis performed on metabolomic and proteomic data revealed pathways related to inflammation, energy metabolism, and myocardial remodeling were dysregulated. Additionally, we observed dysregulation of the retinoid homeostasis pathway, including significant post-radiation decreases in retinoic acid, an active metabolite of vitamin A. Significant differences between left and right ventricles in the pathology of radiation-induced injury were identified. This multi-omic study characterizes the natural history and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced heart injury in NHP exposed to PBI with minimal bone marrow sparing.
Mass Spectrometry Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Reveals Camouflaging Glycans and Unique Post-Translational Modifications

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract The devastating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted worldwide efforts to study structural biological traits of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its viral components. Compared to the Spike protein, which is the primary target for currently available vaccines or antibodies, knowledge about other virion structural components is incomplete. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we report a comprehensive post-translational modification (PTM) analysis of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NCP), the most abundant structural component of the SARS-CoV-2 virion. In addition to phosphoryl groups, we show that the SARS-CoV-2 NCP is decorated with a variety of PTMs, including N-glycans and ubiquitin. Based on newly identified PTMs, refined protein structural models of SARS-CoV-2 NCP were proposed and potential immune recognition epitopes of NCP were aligned with PTMs. These data can facilitate the design of novel vaccines or therapeutics targeting NCP, as valuable alternatives to the current vaccination and treatment paradigm that is under threat of the ever-mutating SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.
A Linear Relationship Between a Body Shape Index and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the association between a body shape index (ABSI) and incident type 2 diabetes and to explore the shape of their relationship in a cohort of Japanese adults. Patients and Methods: Data from 15,462 Japanese adults aged 18 – 79 years attending the NAGALA study (NA ﬂ d in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) were used. Body weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Blood samples were measured for serum lipid, glucose, and HbA1c. The risk of incident type 2 diabetes according to ABSI was estimated using multivariate Cox regression models. We examined a potential nonlinear relationship using a smoothing function analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, fatty liver, and BMI. Results: After adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, fatty liver, systolic blood pressure, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides), a linear relationship was observed between ABSI and risk of type 2 diabetes. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% con ﬁ dence intervals (95% CI) for incident type 2 diabetes with ABSI (10 − 2 m 11/6 kg − 2/3 ) were 1.51 (1.13, 2.01) ( p =0.005). When ABSI was handled as categorical variable, the HRs and 95% CIs in the quartile 2 to 4 versus the quartile 1 were 0.97 (0.67, 1.41), 1.21 (0.85, 1.72) and 1.30 (0.92, 1.83), respectively (P for trend = 0.046). Subgroup analyses showed that the association stably existed in different subgroups including gender, age, smoking status, alcohol intake, fatty liver, and BMI. Conclusion: ABSI was linearly associated with an elevated risk of incident type 2 diabetes across the full range of ABSI, independent of gender, age, smoking status, alcohol intake, fatty liver, SBP, BMI, FPG, HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides.
What are the Latent Topics Associated with Experience in Flipped Learning? An Empirical Investigation of University Students' Interview Responses

With the advancement of ICT in the 21st century, ICT adopted education environment and teaching approaches are introduced in Higher Education setting globally. In the year of 2020 when global education sector encountered unprecedent difficult phenomena in Covid-19 Pandemic, teachers, students, and education administrators had to familiar with the terminology of online platform, hybrid learning and Flipped Learning (FL). With this strong intervention of ICT into the Education setting, this study aims to explore the students’ experience and perception toward the FL by analyzing and interpreting interview data from the qualitative studies on FL between 2014 and 2020. This study conducted text mining analysis, and topic modeling method from the selected 102 SSCI and Scopus level research articles on FL. The result of the study categorized the findings from the pure text analysis into three themes for the FL which were ‘teacher and classroom’, ‘motivation and students’ growth’, ‘educational needs and difficulties. From the result, the study confirmed the other two key topics which are related to student’ experience and characteristics such as growth of motivation, practical challenges, and difficulties from the FL experience. The result indicates that teachers need to give attentive attention and observation to the challenges that students are encountering during the classroom activities in FL setting.
The impact of anxiety and depression on migraine patients’ journey to a tertiary headache center

1 Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, Brazil. 2 Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Neurociência e Comportamento, Instituto de Psicologia, São Paulo, Brazil. 3 Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. 4 Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia São Paulo, Brazil. 5 Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, Brazil.
One dimensional shock initiation of hot isostatically pressed composition B

Twelve one dimensional shock experiments have been carried out on the UK isostatically pressed Composition B (59.5% RDX, 39.5% TNT, 1% wax) comprising of seven sustained pulse experiments and three short shock experiments using the embedded gauge technique at the Los Alamos National Laboratory gas gun facility. The evolution of the reactive growth at and behind the shock front has been measured along with the run to detonation distance. Two low pressure experiments have also been carried out to obtain non-reactive equation of state data. These data have been used to create the Pop plot and Hugoniot states for the UK Comp B. The shock initiation behavior of the UK Comp B has been compared to that of the equivalent US composition. The reactive growth shows a feature that was observed in the US composition in which the wave profiles display a high level of pre-detonation noise. This was hypothesized to be due to a piezoelectric effect in the RDX crystals. The results of these experiments have shown that this effect may be localized in the e phase at shock pressures in the region of 4.15 GPa and above.
Long-Term Metformin Effect on Endometrial Cancer Development Depending on Glucose Environment in vitro

Background: The incidence of endometrial cancer has increased worldwide over the past years. Common risk factors include obesity and metabolic disturbances, like hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as prolonged and elevated estrogen exposure. Metformin, an anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing biguanide, displayed anti-proliferative effects in recent studies. Therefore, metformin may act as a therapeutic and prophylactic anti-cancer agent in several tissues, including endometrium. Methods: Two different endometrial cancer cell lines, reflecting type I (Ishikawa) and type II endometrial cancer (HEC-1A) were cultured under normoglycemic (5.5mM) or hyperglycemic (17.0mM) conditions and treated with different concentrations of metformin (0.01–5.0mM). Results: Effects of metformin on proliferation, cell viability, clonogenicity and migration were investigated after treatment for 7d. Long-term treatment with metformin showed effects on cellular viability, proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells in a concentration- dependent manner in vitro. Additionally, glucose levels affected the outcome of the experiments. Conclusion: Our in vitro findings support the hypothesis that metformin has a direct effect on endometrial tissues and reflects the importance of the local glucose environment, suggesting that metformin may be considered as a potential adjuvant agent in endometrial cancer therapy due to its direct and indirect effects on endometrial development.