Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The network underlying human higher-order motor control: Insights from machine learning-based lesion-behaviour mapping in apraxia

Neurological patients with apraxia of pantomime provide us with a unique opportunity to study the neural correlates of higher-order motor function. Previous studies using lesion-behaviour mapping methods led to inconsistent anatomical results, reporting various lesion locations to induce this symptom. We hypothesised that the inconsistencies might arise from limitations of mass-univariate lesion-behaviour mapping approaches if our ability to pantomime the use of objects is organised in a brain network. Thus, we investigated apraxia of pantomime by using multivariate lesion behaviour mapping based both on support vector regression and sparse canonical correlations in a sample of 130 left-hemisphere stroke patients. Both multivariate methods identified multiple areas to underlie high-order motor control, including inferior parietal lobule, precentral gyrus, posterior parts of middle temporal cortex, and insula. Further, long association fibres were affected, such as the superior longitudinal fascicle, inferior occipito-frontal fascicle, uncinated fascicle, and superior occipito-frontal fascicle. The findings thus not only underline the benefits of multivariate lesion-behaviour mapping in brain networks, but they also uncovered that higher-order motor control indeed is based on a common anatomical network.
Automatic Acquisition of Chinese Collocation

As a kind of word phenomenon,collocation plays a very important role in nature language processing.In this paper,4 kinds of word association measurements and 3 kinds of word structure distribution measurements are compared and analyzed respectively,and a hybrid method based on mutual information and entropy for collocation is proposed.The experiment results indicate that 4 kinds of word association measurements,mutual information,Cosine coefficient,x~2test and likelihood ratio have the same impact under high co-occurrence frequency for collocation acquiring and entropy is superior to variance and spread for measuring the word structure distribution.The proposed method relies on fewer measurements and can easily selects coefficient thresholds and achieves the same impact of the existing methods.
The endosomal sorting adaptor HD-PTP is required for ephrin-B:EphB signalling in cell collapse and motor axon guidance

The signalling output of many transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-cell communication is restricted by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), but the impact of this machinery on Eph tyrosine kinase receptor function is unknown. We identified the ESCRT-associated adaptor protein HD-PTP as part of an EphB2 BioID interactome, and confirmed this association using co-immunoprecipitation. Although HD-PTP loss does not change EphB2 expression, it attenuates the ephrin-B2:EphB2 signalling-induced collapse of cultured cells and axonal growth cones, and results in aberrant guidance of chick spinal motor neuron axons in vivo HD-PTP depletion abrogates ligand-induced EphB2 clustering, and EphB2 and Src family kinase activation. HD-PTP deficiency also accelerates ligand-induced EphB2 degradation, contrasting the phenotypes reported for other cell surface receptors. Our results link Eph signalling to the ESCRT machinery and demonstrate a role for HD-PTP in the earliest steps of ephrin-B:EphB signalling, as well as in obstructing premature receptor depletion.
Isolation and characterization of fluoride resistant bacteria from groundwaters in Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India

The use of microbes to remove fluoride from water and soil is an extent of applied research and development. This is the first attempt have been made to examine physiochemical characteristics and also isolate fluoride resistant bacteria from ground waters in selected villages at Dindigul district, Tamil nadu, India. Based on high fluoride resistance (200 mM), three bacterial isolates were selected for further studies. The isolates authentically identified as genus Pseudomonas . Biochemical and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of the isolates revealed that they are closely related (97%) to Pseudomonas sp. (98%) to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and (97%) to Pseudomonas sp. The 16S rRNA sequences were submitted in the NCBI under accession numbers MF481852, MF481853, MG751413. The fluoride resistant bacterial strains were resistant to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin and streptomycin.
A novel protection scheme for inverter-dominated microgrid

Protecting an inverter-dominated microgrid is challenging for the traditional overcurrent protection scheme owing to the suppressed fault current from the inverter interfaced DGs (IIDGs). In this paper, a protection scheme based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform is developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK to detect the faults in the microgrid. The input voltage of the proposed scheme is first transformed into dq0 frame using the Park Transform. A filtering system based on the wavelet denoising approach is then implemented to reduce the sampling frequency and reject the switching noise generated by the inverters in the microgrid. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in transient simulation by systematically applying different types of faults, including varied fault positions and impedances. Additionally, a high impedance arcing fault model is implemented to test the proposed protection scheme under nonlinear fault impedance conditions.
The making of a Lewy body: the role of α-synuclein post-fibrillization modifications in regulating the formation and the maturation of pathological inclusions

Although converging evidence point to α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation and Lewy body (LB) formation as central events in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes and their role in disease pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Herein, we applied an integrative biochemical, structural and imaging approach to elucidate the sequence, molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate LB formation in primary neurons. Our results establish that post-fibrillization C-terminal truncation mediated by calpains 1 and 2 and potentially other enzymes, plays critical roles in regulating α-syn seeding, fibrillization and orchestrates many of the events associated with LB formation and maturation. These findings combined with the abundance of α-syn truncated species in LBs and pathological α-syn aggregates have significant implications for ongoing efforts to develop therapeutic strategies based on targeting the C-terminus of α-syn or proteolytic processing of this region.
Analysis of the Effects of the Acceptance and Use of the Mobile Internet Technology by the Elderly on Successful Aging

In this study, it was aimed to determine the successful aging levels of the elderly, the acceptance and use of technology behavior, the effect of technology acceptance and use behaviors on successful aging, and to make recommendations to families, institutions and organizations according to the results of the research. The research was carried out with 912 elderly individuals who were 60 years and older registered to the Turkish Retirees Association Adana Branch living in Adana province. As the aim of the study was to explore the theoretical relationship, the method of Partial Least Squares structural equation model path analysis was used. According to the findings of the research, performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, facilitating conditions and habit of the subcomponents of the technology acceptance model predicted significantly behavior intention. Another sub-component of the technology acceptance model was the habit of predicting technology use behavior significantly. The results of the research showed that “performance expectancy” and “facilitating conditions” which were the sub-components of the technology acceptance model, predicted “struggle against difficulties” that was the sub-component of successful aging. According to another finding, performance expectancy and social influence, which were the sub-component of the technology acceptance model, significantly predicted a healthy lifestyle, which was the sub-component of successful aging.
Anaesthesia Considerations and Management In Case of First Trimester Heterotopic Pregnancy Undergoing a Laparoscopic Ectopic Excision

Heterotopic pregnancy is a presence of intrauterine and extra-uterine gestation concurrently. It might be rare but possess great challenge for an anaesthetist as both maternal and foetal safety are at risk. We report a case of 28 years primigravida diagnosed as heterotopic pregnancy and shifted for an emergency laparoscopic ectopic excision under General anaesthesia. Our primary concern for maternal and foetal safety for undergoing surgery in first trimester pregnancy was achieved by Meticulous attention to preoperative counselling, airway management, aspiration prophylaxis, haemodynamic stability, choice of anaesthesia and anaesthetic drugs which have minimal impact on utero-placental perfusion and uterine relaxation. On follow up the patient delivered a healthy full term live female child weighing 2.7 kg by elective cesarean section.
Emotional prosody in congenital amusia: Impaired and spared processes

Congenital amusia is a lifelong deficit of music processing, in particular of pitch processing. Most research investigating this neurodevelopmental disorder has focused on music perception, but pitch also has a critical role for intentional and emotional prosody in speech. Two previous studies investigating amusics’ emotional prosody recognition have shown either some deficit or no deficit (compared to controls). However, these previous studies have used only long sentence stimuli, which allow for limited control over acoustic content. Here, we tested amusic individuals for emotional prosody perception in sentences and vowels. For each type of material, participants performed an emotion categorization task, followed by intensity ratings of the recognized emotion. Compared to controls, amusic individuals had similar recognition of emotion in sentences, but poorer performance in vowels, especially when distinguishing sad and neutral stimuli. These lower performances in amusics were linked with difficulties in processing pitch and spectro-temporal parameters of the vowel stimuli. For emotion intensity, neither sentence nor vowel ratings differed between participant groups, suggesting preserved implicit processing of emotional prosody in amusia. These findings can be integrated into previous data showing preserved implicit processing of pitch and emotion in amusia alongside deficits in explicit recognition tasks. They are thus further supporting the hypothesis of impaired conscious analysis of pitch and timbre in this neurodevelopmental disorder. Highlights Amusics showed preserved emotional prosody recognition in sentences Amusics showed a deficit for emotional prosody recognition in short voice samples Preserved intensity ratings of emotions in amusia suggest spared implicit processes
Mate choice driven by genome in an allopolyploid fish complex

Nonsexual complexes which lack typical reproductive isolation and show multiple conspecific and heterospecific mating options among hybrids and parental species are excellent models to study mate choice based on genetics. The allopolyploid fish complex Squalius alburnoides includes multiple fertile male and female genomotypes reproducing among each other and with the sympatric species of the Squalius genus. We used this hybridogenetic complex to study the relationship between mate preference and mates’ genetic background, focusing on a population whose mating options include 2 Squalius species. The preference of S. alburnoides hybrid females towards multiple male genomotypes was assessed in affiliation trials, and the levels of admixture between the genomes of the 2 Squalius species were measured using next-generation genotyping. The genome of the most recent Squalius species in the drainage was admixed with variable genetic portions typically allocated to the other species, but not the opposite, suggesting that the newer species in the drainage may be more prone to interspecific crosses. Female mate preferences were related to males’ genetic background, but also to the genetic background of the choosy female itself. Overall, females showed higher preference towards males with admixed genomes over pure males, and towards males with a genetic background more similar to their own. This trend favors crosses between the hybrids and the most recent Squalius species in the drainage, promoting the flow of its genome into the hybridogenetic complex. These findings highlight an intricate interplay between mate choice and mates’ genomes, which may be directly related to genetic benefits.
Redox Proteome Perturbation in Arabidopsis upon Pseudomonas syringae Infection

Oxidative burst is one of the earliest plant cellular responses triggered by pathogen infection. Reactive oxygen species can cause oxidative modifications of redox-sensitive proteins to mediate the defense responses. Identification and characterization of proteins that undergo oxidative modifications in these processes is an important step toward understanding molecular mechanisms of plant defense responses. In this study, an in vivo 15N metabolic labeling method combined with a cysteine-containing peptide enrichment technique was applied to identify and quantify proteins and their redox states in Arabidopsis in response to infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (Pst). Changes of peptide redox states were compared and corrected with the changes of protein levels. A total of forty peptides representing thirty-six non-redundant proteins showed significantly redox state changes in response to the infection by the virulent Pst strain and the avirulent Pst strain (Pst avrRpm1), of which 23 had previously not been recognized to undergo oxidative PTMs. The differentially expressed redox-sensitive proteins are involved in cell wall organization, primary metabolism, photosynthesis and stress responses. Interestingly, proteins located at extracellular were more susceptible to be regulated on the redox PTMs level. These findings provide a foundation for further investigation into the redox signaling during plant defense responses.
Levels of induced free proline in chelated and unchelated hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Dagari, M. S. , Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria. Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, P.M. B. 3011, Nigeria. *Correspondence author: m_smusa@yahoo.com ABSTRACT It is well described that under stress conditions many plant species accumulates proline as adaptive response to adverse conditions. In this study, eight weeks old Lac L. seedlings were transplanted in nutrient solution containing 0.0025, 0.005, 0.0075, and 0.025mg/L) of Pb EDDS (0.0025M). The effects of these treatments of Cdand with or without EDDS (Ethylene the level of stress induced to the seedlings. by uptake of Pband Cd were The results obtained showed that hydroponic solution leads to decrease in the level of stress induced to the seedlings by EDDS while the lower the Cd level of stress induced by EDDS to the plant. The highest level of stress caused to the seedlings by unchelated and chelated μmolg respectively while that of respectively. From this, it is evident that in the presence and absence of EDDS (p<0.05).
Linear Regression Models Applied to Imperfect Information Spacecraft Pursuit-Evasion Differential Games

Within satellite rendezvous and proximity operations lies pursuit-evasion differential games between two spacecraft. For example, a rescuing satellite pursuing an uncontrolled “evading” satellite can be formulated as a pursuit-evasion differential game. The extent of possible outcomes resulting from the interaction of the pursuer and evader satellites can be mathematically bounded by pursuit-evasion differential games where each player employs optimal strategies against the other. Typically, pursuitevasion games are formulated as optimal control problems that require significant computational expense and time to solve. A linear regression model is developed to enable on-board computation of these pursuit-evasion games for possible autonomous action. Built from a large data set of optimal control solutions, the model is solved at geosynchronous altitudes using an indirect heuristic method with particle swarm optimization (IHM-PSO). Using linearized dynamics, the model is shown to quickly map pursuer relative starting positions to final capture positions and estimate capture time. The model is 3.8 times faster than the IHM-PSO method for arbitrary performance scaling between the two spacecraft and arbitrary pursuer starting positions on an initial relative orbit about the evader (at the origin of the coordinate frame). A parameter study is performed to analyze the effect of uncertainty in the pursuer starting position, and to develop “rules of thumb” trends. The solution trajectories are validated in a closed-loop controller in order to ensure their viability. The trajectories are also propagated using higher fidelity simulation software, showcasing how the developed model is accurate enough for real-world mission planning. Thus the linear regression model is shown to be well suited for onboard implementation capable of evaluating results of optimal control pursuit-evasion differential games for optimal response and autonomous mission planning.
Genetic Variation in Aedes Aegypti Mosquito Populations Along the West Cost of India and Their Susceptibility to Insecticides and Dengue Virus

Genetic characteristics of twelve Aedes aegypti mosquito populations collected from differnt geographical areas along the westcoast of India was studied using bioassays, biochemical assays and dengue-2 virus susceptibility. Polymorphism in the populations was also studied using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplification of mitochondrial DNA fragments from cytochrome-b gene and isoenzyme profile. Resistance to DDT and Malathion was detected in majority of strains while none developed deltamethrin resistance. Dengue-2 virus infection rates among the populations ranged between 13.8% and 47.2%. Isoenzyme profile and RAPD-PCR studies demonstrated a higher genetic heterozygosity among the populations at 19 presumptive loci. Phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome-b gene identified three well-supported clades. The study neither showed any association of genetic composition with insecticide resistance or dengue-2 virus susceptibility nor any association could be demonstrated for insecticide susceptibility staus and dengue virus susceptibility.
An investigation of the antecedents and consequences of team members' external learning : a bottom-up model

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Tylototriton anhuiensis and implications for its taxonomy

Abstarct Tylototriton anhuiensis (Salamandridae, Urodela), collected from Yaoluoping Nature Reserve, was identified as a new species. The complete mitogenome sequence of T. anhuiensis is 16,259 by in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and D-loop region. The base composition of the mitogenome was 33.6%A, 26.3% C, 14.5% G, and 25.6% T. The ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes were encoded on the L-strand, the others were encoded on the H-strand.
Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Black-chinned Yuhina (Yuhina nigrimenta)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial of Black-chinned Yuhina is 17,817 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 control regions. The overall base composition of the mitogenome was 30.11% A, 24.12% T, 14.37% G, 31.41% C. All the genes in the Black-chinned Yuhina mitogenome were encoded on the H-strand, except for the ND6 and eight tRNA genes that were transcribed from the L-strand.
Introducing a Concept for Supporting Academically Gifted Students -the Osthushenrich- Center for Giftedness Research (OZHB)

Oftentimes, the promotion of scientifically gifted students in regular schools can constitute a great challenge for educators, the school system, as well as students themselves. The article introduces the Osthushenrich-Center for Giftedness Research (Osthushenrich-Zentrum fur Hochbegabungsforschung an der Fakultat fur Biologie, OZHB) at Bielefeld University, Germany (Head: Prof. Dr. Claas Wegner). The center aims at identifying, promoting, and helping scientifically gifted students in the region to further nurture their talents. Through its three-part structure (research, counselling, and practice), existing approaches to the identification and education of gifted students are constantly evaluated and revised. The article will give an insight into the theoretical basis of the center as well as its structure and practical projects which are not only concerned with promoting scientifically gifted students but also offer training courses for educators to improve school practice.
Germination Biology of Sesbania (Sesbania cannabina): An Emerging Weed in the Australian Cotton Agro-Environment

Abstract Sesbania [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. ] is a problematic emerging weed species in Australian cotton-farming systems. However, globally, no information is available regarding its seed germination biology, and better understanding will help in devising superior management strategies to prevent further infestations. Laboratory and glasshouse studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of various environmental factors such as light, temperature, salt, osmotic and pH stress, and burial depth on germination and emergence of two Australian biotypes of S. cannabina. Freshly harvested seeds of both biotypes possessed physical dormancy. A boiling-water scarification treatment (100 ±2 C) of 5-min duration was the optimum treatment to overcome this dormancy. Once dormancy was broken, the Dalby biotype exhibited a greater germination (93%) compared with the St George biotype (87%). The nondormant seeds of both biotypes showed a neutral photoblastic response to light and dark conditions, with germination marginally improved (6%) under illumination. Maximum germination of both biotypes occurred under an alternating temperature regime of 30/20 and 35/25 C and under constant temperatures of 32 or 35 C, with no germination at 8 or 11 C. Seed germination of both biotypes decreased linearly from 87% to 14% with an increase in moisture stress from 0.0 to −0.8 MPa, with no germination possible at −1.0 MPa. There was a gradual decline in germination for both biotypes when imbibed in a range of salt solutions of 25 to 250 mM, with a 50% reduction in germination occurring at 150 mM. Both biotypes germinated well under a wide range of pH values (4.0 to 10.0), with maximum germination (94%) at pH 9.0. The greatest emergence rate of the Dalby (87%) and St George (78%) biotypes was recorded at a burial depth of 1.0 cm, with no emergence at 16.0 cm. Deep tillage seems to be the best management strategy to stop S. cannabina's emergence and further infestation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields. The findings of this study will be helpful to cotton agronomists in devising effective, sustainable, and efficient integrated weed management strategies for the control of S. cannabina in cotton cropping lands.