Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiomics können Rekanalisation mit Alteplase bei akutem Schlaganfall vorhersagen

Qiu und Kollegen aus Calgary untersuchten in ihrer Studie Radiomics-basierte Charakteristika von Thrombosen in der Nativ-und Angio-CT, die mit Rekanalisation bei der Gabe von Altplase bei Schlaganfallpatienten assoziiert sind. Sie verwendeten dafür eine geschachtelte Fall-Kontrollstudie, 67 Patienten wurden eingeschlossen. 326 Radiomics-Features wurden aus jedem Thrombus in Nativund Angio-CT-Bildern extrahiert. Eine lineare Diskriminationsanalyse wurde durchgeführt, um die mit der frühen Realisation mit Alteplase am stärksten assoziierten Charakteristika zu selektieren. Diese Charakteristika wurden verwendet, um einen linearen SupportVector-Machine-Klassifikator zu trainieren. Eine Zehn-Mal-Fünffach-Quervalidierung wurde zur Evaluierung der Genauigkeit (accuracy) des Klassifikators und der Stabilität der ausgewählten Charakteristika verwendet.
G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzyme molecular beacon probe for the detection of methamphetamine

In this work, a simple, cost-effective, and label-free biosensor was constructed for methamphetamine (METH) detection. The biosensor consists of a G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzyme molecular beacon (DNAzyme MB), a METH aptamer, and a colorimetric substrate. The DNAzyme MB loses peroxidase activity when it hybridizes with the METH aptamer. In the presence of METH, DNAzyme MB dissociates from the inactive hybrid due to preferable hybridization of METH with the aptamer. This process recovers the activity of DNAzyme MB, which catalyzes a reaction with the colorimetric substrate to yield measurable signals. Under optimized conditions, a detection limit as low as 0.5 nM (74.6 ng L−1) was achieved. Common illicit drugs were found to have little interference on detection of METH. Recoveries of METH spiked in urines of addicts were greater than 85%. Good agreement was observed between METH concentrations in urines determined by the sensor and by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. These results indicate that the G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzyme MB probe holds promise to detect METH not only in biological samples, but also in environmental matrices.
Understanding the Impact that Response Failure has on How Users Perceive Anthropomorphic Conversational Service Agents: Insights from an Online Experiment

Conversational agents (CAs) have attracted the interest from organizations due to their potential to provide automated services and the feeling of humanlike interaction. Emerging studies on CAs have found that humanness has a positive impact on customer perception and explored approaches for their anthropomorphic design, which comprises both their appearance and behavior. While these studies provide valuable knowledge on how to design humanlike CAs, we still do not sufficiently understand this technology’s limited conversational capabilities and their potentially detrimental impact on user perception. These limitations often lead to frustrated users and discontinued CAs in practice. We address this gap by investigating the impact of response failure, which we understand a CA’s inability to provide a meaningful reply, in a service context. To do so, we draw on the computers are social actors paradigm and the theory of the uncanny valley. Via an experiment with 169 participants, we found that 1) response failure harmed the extent to which people perceived CAs as human and increased their feelings of uncanniness, 2) humanness (uncanniness) positively (negatively) influenced familiarity and service satisfaction, and 3) the response failure had a significant negative impact on user perception yet did not lead to a sharp drop as the uncanny valley theory posits. Thus, our study contributes to better explaining the impact that text-based CAs’ failure to respond has on customer perception and satisfaction in a service context in relation to the agents’ design.
Host Range Expansion by the Invasive Herbivore Corythucha marmorata (Uhler, 1878) is not Caused by Better Quality of New Hosts

Phytophagous insects may become serious pests of crops when introduced into a new place. Better nutritional quality and lower toxicity of new host plants and escape from natural enemies can enhance survival. The chrysanthemum lace bug, Corythucha marmorata (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is native to North America, where it exploits mainly goldenrod and its relatives (Asteraceae). It was accidentally introduced into Japan by about 2000. Since then, many reports of injury to sweet potato (Convolvulaceae) and eggplant (Solanaceae) by this species have been published. Here, we tested larval performance on goldenrod, sweet potato, eggplant, and three other known or potential host plants to investigate why the lace bug began to exploit the new host plants. Survival to adult stage was nil on eggplant, extremely low on blue daze (Convolvulaceae) and crown daisy (Asteraceae), moderate on sweet potato, and ca. 80% on goldenrod and sunflower. Developmental time was shorter and adults grew larger on goldenrod and sunflower than on the other plants. These results show that plant nutritional or toxicological qualities are not major factors that facilitate host range expansion of C. marmorata in Japan. Possible factors are discussed.
The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

Focused beams of helium ions are a powerful tool for high-fidelity machining with spatial precision below 5 nm. Achieving such a high patterning precision over large areas and for different materials in a reproducible manner, however, is not trivial. Here, we introduce the Python toolbox FIB-o-mat for automated pattern creation and optimization, providing full flexibility to accomplish demanding patterning tasks. FIB-o-mat offers high-level pattern creation, enabling high-fidelity large-area patterning and systematic variations in geometry and raster settings. It also offers low-level beam path creation, providing full control over the beam movement and including sophisticated optimization tools. Three applications showcasing the potential of He ion beam nanofabrication for two-dimensional material systems and devices using FIB-o-mat are presented.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) using gene encoding Citrus Tristeza Virus coat protein

fruits are native to southeastern Asia and are among the oldest fruit crops domesticated by humans. Breeding programs including the incorporation of genetic resistance to insect pests and diseases are necessary in this crop. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is of particular importance due to its rapid epidemic resulting in severe plant damage. The present research aimed to transform Citrus aurantinum with a gene encoding coat protein of CTV through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The p25 coat protein gene was isolated from two silencing vector. Epicotyls-originated explants of C. aurantium were transformed by EHA105 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Some of the effective factors in gene transformation were examined by inoculation methods with Agrobacterium such as Acetosyringon effect (0, 50, and 100 μM), inoculation time (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min), and co-cultivation period (1, 2, 3 and 4 days). Based on our results, maximum number of transformed plants (13.7%) were obtained under combined treatment of 50 μM acetosyringone after 15 min inoculation time and 2 days of co-cultivation with Agrobacterium. One of the advantages of the current protocol is regeneration of explants through direct organogenesis which avoid callus phase and consequently somaclonal variation.
Effect of pH on Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Structure and Transformation

A number of organisms produce crystalline calcium carbonate via a metastable precursor phase termed amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). ACC also forms during production of CaCO3 for industrial purposes, e.g., paper manufacturing and synthesis of fillers for polymers. Previous studies suggest that the local structure of ACC controls crystallization kinetics and pathways, i.e., the crystalline polymorph(s) that form(s) in the process. We used pair distribution function (PDF) analysis to provide evidence that the local structure of ACC gradually changes as the pH of the synthesis solutions is increased from 10.6 to 12.7, at ambient conditions. These changes correlate with the mole fraction of incorporated hydroxide ions, which varies gradually from negligible at pH 10.6 to 0.12 at pH 12.7. At lower pH (10.5), vaterite and calcite formed in less than 2 min, but as the pH increased, the lifetime of ACC increased, and it transformed directly to calcite (i.e., no vaterite intermediate). Although higher pH led to .
Cancer Caregivers’ Needs for Their Well-Being in the Information Era

Caregivers face numerous challenges when dealing with chronic diseases such as cancer. Ageing populations and environmental factors account for increasing numbers of people suffering a variety of cancers, and inevitably the increase in caregivers. Caregivers may be the influencers for cancer treatment decisions by patients, hence their needs as caregivers warrant study. This paper focuses on identifying factors of cancer caregivers’ needs in the context of an information and communication technology oriented society. A total of 84 caregivers were recruited for the study from two cancer clinics in a hospital, located in Kuala Lumpur. Quantitative research using a survey instrument was conducted. Factor Analysis was used to identify the need factors, that are communication, personal well-being, basic healthcare, information access, coping with change, and learning needs. This study identified the need for improving communication between cancer sufferers and caregivers, from the caregivers’ perspective is seen to be crucial. Facilitation on communication needs should be incorporated into any patient-centered healthcare system for establishing a comprehensive healthcare model. Future research is proposed to look more specifically into information, communication and learning needs. KeywordsCancer; caregivers’ need; communication; information; factor analysis.
Advancing our understanding of lipid bilayer interactions: a molecular dynamics study

In recent years, advances in computer architecture and lipid force field parameters have made Molecular Dynamics (MD) a powerful tool for gaining atomistic resolution of biological membranes on timescales that other tools simply cannot explore. With many key biological processes involving membranes occurring on the nanosecond timescale, MD allows us to probe the dynamics and energetics of these interactions in molecular detail. Specifically, we can observe the interactions taking place as a peptide or protein comes into contact with a lipid bilayer, and how this may shape or alter the bilayer either locally (changes in headgroup orientation, lipid fluidity) or in bulk (lipid demixing, membrane curvature). The resolution achieved through atomistic MD can be directly compared with other tools such as NMR and EPR to gain a full perspective of how these biological systems behave over different timescales. As my background is in computational physics, this thesis not only looks into broadening our understanding of various interactions with biological membranes, but also into the development of construction and analytical software to assist in my research and benefit others in the field. One aspect of biological membranes that could vastly benefit from MD simulations is that of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These peptides primarily target and destroy microbes by permeabilising the cell membrane through a variety of proposed mechanisms, where each mechanism relies on the AMP to adopt specific conformations upon contact with bacterial membranes. In this thesis, I present an investigation into the interactions between a synthetic AMP and an inhibitor peptide designed to regulate antimicrobial activity through the formation of a coiled coil structure, which restricts the AMP from adopting new conformations. Simulations captured the spontaneous formation of coiled coils between these peptides, and specific residues in their sequences were identified that promote unfolding. This knowledge may lead to better design of coiled coil forming
Through the window of my mind: Mapping information integration and the cognitive representations underlying self-reported risk preference.

A person’s risk preference may determine significant life outcomes (e.g., in finance or health), and people are therefore routinely asked to report their risk preferences in various scientific and applied contexts. Yet, still little is known concerning the cognitive underpinnings of this judgment-formation process. We ran two studies (N = 250, and N = 150 in a retest) implementing the process-tracing method of aspect listing, to investigate the information-integration processes underlying people’s self-reports by means of cognitive modeling (RQ1), as well as to examine people’s cognitive representations of their risk preferences (RQ2). Our analyses indicate that interindividual differences in self-reported risk preferences can be modeled well based on the listed aspects’ properties of evidence and substantially better than using sociodemographic variables as predictors. Specifically, to render self-reports people appear to integrate the strength of evidence of multiple aspects sampled from memory. These aspects further revealed that people’s cognitive representation of their risk preferences mostly relate to the magnitudes of outcomes and often to explicit trade-offs between positive and negative outcomes, in line with a risk–return perspective. Crucially, within participants the strength of evidence of the listed aspects remained highly stable across the two studies (RQ3), and changes therein were closely related to changes in self-reported risk preference (RQ4). In sum, our findings provide insight into the cognitive processes of how people render self-reports of their risk preferences, suggest an explanation for the well-documented temporal stability thereof, and thus corroborate the internal validity of this measurement approach.
Empathy, Resilience, and Gratitude - Does Gender Make a Difference?

espanolInvestigaciones anteriores muestran que la mayoria de las mujeres reportan niveles mas altos de empatia y gratitud que los hombres. Aunque los estudios muestran relaciones entre resiliencia, gratitud y empatia, se sabe poco sobre la influencia del genero en los vinculos entre ellos. El presente estudio examino las diferencias individuales y las relaciones entre los niveles de empatia, gratitud y resiliencia de los adultos, particularmente como el genero influye en tales relaciones. En segundo lugar, se probo el papel de mediacion de la resiliencia en las asociaciones entre empatia y gratitud. Los participantes fueron 214 adultos polacos (104 mujeres) autoidentificados, con edades entre 18 y 55 anos (M = 28.29 anos, DT = 11.19), que completaron medidas de empatia de autoinforme en linea (escala QCAE), gratitud (escala GRAT) y resiliencia (escala SPP-25). El estudio transversal se utilizo para obtener los datos. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres obtuvieron puntuaciones mas altas en empatia y gratitud que los hombres, pero los hombres informaron niveles mas altos de resistencia que las mujeres. La apertura a nuevas experiencias de vida (dimension de resiliencia) surgio como el predictor mas fuerte de gratitud en ambos grupos. La resiliencia tambien sirvio como mediador entre la empatia y la gratitud y esto diferia segun el genero autoidentificado. Se discuten las implicaciones para la investigacion del desarrollo de genero en psicologia positiva. EnglishPast research shows most women report higher levels of empathy and gratitude than men. Although studies show relations among resilience, gratitude, and empathy, little is known on the influence of gender on the links among. The present study examined the individual difference and relations among young adults’ levels of empathy, gratitude, and resilience, particularly how gender influences such relations. Participants were 214 Polish self-identified females and males’ young adults, who completed self-report measures of empathy, gratitude, and resilience. Results showed that females scored higher in empathy and gratitude than males, but males reported higher levels of resilience than females. Resilience also served as a mediator between empathy and gratitude and this differed according to self-identified gender. Implications for gendered developmental research in social cognition are discussed.
Routing in Information Centric Networks

—ICN is a new approach to change the current Internet architecture. In terms of locating and retrieving it differs a lot from the IP based internet. This paper gives n insight into the architecture of ICN. Also, this paper provides explanations of routing and naming in two examples of ICNs, NDN and NetInf. At the end of this paper, both approaches will be compared , especially in terms of routing and naming.
Tropospheric aerosol hygroscopicity measurements in China 1

Chao Peng, Yu Wang, Zhijun Wu, Lanxiadi Chen, Ru-Jin Huang, Weigang Wang, Zhe 2 Wang, Weiwei Hu, Guohua Zhang, Maofa Ge, Min Hu, Xinming Wang, Mingjin 3 Tang, 4 5 1 State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and 6 Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and 7 Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China 8 2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental 9 Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 10 3 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and 11 Global Change, and Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, 12 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 710061 Xi'an, China 13 4 State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory 14 for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, 15 Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 16 5 Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong 17 Kong, China 18 6 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 19 7 Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 20 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China 21 22 * Correspondence: Mingjin Tang (mingjintang@gig.ac.cn) 23 24
Unsupervised matrix and tensor factorization for LIGO glitch identiﬁcation using auxiliary channels

Glitches are non-Gaussian noise transients that plague the ground-based gravitational wave detectors like the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). As they appear in the detector’s main channel, they can mask or mimic real gravitational wave signals resulting in false alarms in the detection pipelines. Given their high rate of occurrence compared to astrophysical signals, it is vital to examine these glitches and probe their origin in the detector’s environment and instruments. LIGO maintains O (10 5 ) auxiliary electronics channels to monitor the detector’s state, some of which may bear witness to these noise transients. Thus, automatically correlating glitches in the main channel with loud transient signals in these auxiliary channels can aid LIGO instrument specialists to ﬁnd and ﬁx sources of these noise transients and improve the detector. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept application of Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and CP/PARAFAC tensor decomposition for co-clustering glitches in auxiliary channels space and ﬁnd candidate channels that witness presence of glitches in the main channel.
A computational study of particle separation in hydrocyclones

Un modele informatique a ete developpe pour predire la separation des particules et le fractionnement des fibres dans les epurateurs centrifuges, en fonction des proprietes propres aux particules et aux fibres. Les particules spheriques et cylindriques sont toutes deux prises en compte. Un modele de fibres de cellulose en tant que cylindres rigides irreguliers qui gonflent est aussi decrit. Nous analysons les effets de la separation des particules et du fractionnement des fibres sur la densite humide, la grossierete, le diametre, la longueur, et la surface specifique, ainsi que les effets de la viscosite et du debit sur la separation et le fractionnement.
Comparison of logistic and ridge regression in genetic association studies

Genetic association studies are used to find regions of the genome that contribute to a specific disease by testing for an association between disease status and genetic variation(s). We use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to investigate the genetic variability. SNPs are locations where single nucleotides differ on the DNA in at least 1% of the population. From a statistical point of view these investigations are commonly performed using logistic regression techniques, modeling disease risk as a function of markers, i.e. SNPs, but the need for a penalized regression approach arises when many markers are correlated. Furthermore, in genetic association studies one often has the situation where the number of markers studied exceed the number of observations, increasing the need for a penalized approach. In this thesis interest lies in the analysis of a genomic region, containing highly correlated markers, in relation to breast cancer risk. We do so by studying data on 89 050 individuals part of the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and compare logistic regression and ridge regression techniques, for localizing independent signals among the multiple markers in said genomic region. Furthermore, we use a data-driven method for estimation of the penalization parameter, proposed by Cule and De Iorio [2013], in our ridge regression analyses. We find that both regression approaches give similar results, deeming markers from the same genomic region as being significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Our analysis is the first step in a long chain of events leading to the identification of locations that are associated with breast cancer risk and this thesis gives an important indication as to what region future investigations should be focusing on. ∗Postal address: Mathematical Statistics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Sweden. E-mail: hannafues@gmail.com. Supervisor: Michael Höhle.
Generality is the Key Dimension in Accelerator Design

Automating the hardware and software stack design of domain-specific accelerators can enable a much broader applicability of efficient accelerator architectures. We take the position that what distinguishes domain-specific accelerators is their degree of generality along key dimensions (eg. generality of control patterns, memory access, reuse, and parallelism). Generality is expensive in terms of hardware overhead, so accelerator designers carefully choose which dimensions to be general. However, automated accelerator design tools (eg. high-level synthesis) typically focus their analysis on optimizing a single program region (allocating resources, executing operations in parallel, pipelining and orchestrating data, etc.). Generality, if it is needed, is left to the programmer to reason about in an awkward way. We argue that a new approach is needed, where generality is an integral and explicit aspect of automated accelerator design. This position raises difficult questions of how should generality be expressed in design exploration and how the hardware designer should convey the types of generality required. We discuss with possible solutions based on our experiences with the DSAGEN accelerator design framework.