Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE AIR FLOW AND HEAT LOADS OF DIFFERENT REFRIGERATOR CABINET DESIGNS

As the economy has been growing in the past decade, consumers in Taiwan start to consider how to raise living quality. As people tend to adopt the westerners' living style of purchasing food once every week or two weeks. Large grocery stores, hence, have been built both in urban and suburban areas. This change results in a growing need of better-designed refrigerator-freezers (RFs). Consequently, consumers need RF models with better or more cooling functions, larger volumetric capacity, and efficient energy use A 1997 top-mount refrigerator with a volume of about 460 liters was selected as the baseline model. This study used computer aided finite element methods (FEM) to analyse and establish designs for RFs. These designs included different insulation properties and various cool air flow rates and outlets in the freezer and fresh food compartments. The following outcomes were investigated in the simulating work: •The thermal responses of the insulation material on RF cabinets •The effect of a modified cool air outlet on the air flow distribution and heat loads The simulation results were then compared with experimental data. Agreement was found between simulation and experimental results. This suggested that computer-aided simulation could serve as a reliable tool for other designs similar to cases practiced in this RF study.
High-speed data and pulse-carver alignment in dual Mach-Zehnder modulator optical transmitters using microwave signal processing

A novel approach is presented for aligning the pulse carver and data modulator in a dual Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator optical transmitter. This technique relies solely on the photodiode detected microwave power spectrum of the transmitted optical signal. Experimental results are presented that illustrate the spectral property to be exploited and two proposed techniques for designing a low cost automated carver and modulator alignment system. A mathematical explanation for the spectral phenomenon is presented and shown to agree quite well with measurement and simulation results.
Precise Locating of the Great 1897 Shillong Plateau Earthquake Using Teleseismic and Regional Seismic Phase Data

Pinched between the Eastern Himalaya and the Indo-Burman ranges, the Shillong Plateau represents a zone of distributed deformation with numerous visible and buried active faults. In 1897, a great (magnitude 8+) earthquake occurred in the area, and although a subsurface rupture plane has been proposed geodetically, its epicenter remained uncertain. We gathered original arrival time data of seismic waves from this early-instrumental era and combined them with modern, 3D velocity models to constrain the origin time and epicenter of this event, including uncertainties. Our results show that the earthquake has taken place in the northwest part of the plateau, at the junction of the short, surface-rupturing Chedrang fault and the buried Oldham fault (26.0°N, 90.7°E). This latter fault has been proposed earlier based on geodetic data and is long enough to host a great earthquake. Rupture has most likely propagated eastward. Stress change from the 1897 earthquake may have ultimately triggered the 1930 M 7.1 Dhubri earthquake, along a fault connecting the Shillong Plateau with the Himalaya.
Calibration Procedure for Energy Performance Simulation of a Commercial Building

Calibration of an energy simulation with actual data has generally been considered too difficult to be part of the energy audit procedure. The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic method using a base load analysis approach to calibrate a building energy performance model with a combination of monthly utility billing data and sub-metered data such as is commonly available in large buildings in Korea. The calibration procedure was specifically developed to be suitable for use in both the audit and savings determination procedure within a retrofit process. The procedure has been visualized using a logical flow chart and demonstrated using the simulation of a 26-story commercial building located in Seoul as a case study. The results indicate that the approach developed provided a reliable and accurate simulation of the monthly and annual building energy requirements of the case study building.
Signal control algorithms of congestion length

The signal control of the congestion length of a one-way traffic network is studied. The signal control system of the congestion length is described by a linear time-varying discrete dynamic system in the traffic network. Two signal control algorithms are presented to control congestion lengths both on an arterial and in a traffic network; one is a "balance control algorithm", the other is a "network control algorithm". From the simulation results, it is confirmed that cycle lengths, green splits and offsets are systematically and sequentially controlled according to variations of incoming volumes and queue lengths at each signalized intersection.
Optimal Quality Limits for On-line Measurements

Paper mills make use of hundreds of on-line measurements to monitor and control the process. These measurements are key to rational decision making. Operators possess vast amount of process knowledge, partly tacit knowledge – this is huge partly unexploited resource. This paper tackles the problem of optimal quality limits for on-line measurement and introduces traffic light application as a combination of process (tacit) knowledge, measurement knowledge and data analysis.
Impacts of COVID-19 on Global Healthcare Management and Research

The Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected most nations at all levels of functioning, individual to governmental. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the effects the virus has had on one of the most important socioeconomic global sectors, healthcare. This literature review explores key, recent research and management strategies that have been undertaken in healthcare systems around the world in order to make meaningful attempts at identifying the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease, and combating the spread of this deadly virus. Healthcare facilities have implemented a variety of changes, all geared towards reducing non-emergency patient visits and preventing transmission of the infection; this includes shifting appointments to online modality via telecommunication use, altering remedial options and procedures, and developing more effective personal protective equipment (PPE). Efforts have also been made to define appropriate treatment methods as well as a potential cure for COVID-19; many vaccines and antiviral drugs have been designed or are continuing to undergo clinical testing, and symptom management approaches are being employed along with careful evaluation or recommendation of already available medications to counter the disease. Our comprehensive analysis provides insights into prominent consequences as well as implications of COVID-19 in contemporary global healthcare research and management, and would help this crucial sector be better prepared for pandemics in the future.
Airborne Snow Radar Data Simulation With Deep Learning and Physics-Driven Methods

Monitoring properties of ice sheets in polar regions is one of the main challenges in glaciology. There is a large amount of heterogeneous radar data from the polar regions that have been gathered through expensive missions. However, retrieving meaningful information from this large volume of data is still a great challenge. With the advancement of machine learning techniques in recent years, many scientists are eager to take advantage of these algorithms and techniques to explore and mine Arctic and Antarctic data. These advancements, however, have happened mainly in the area of supervised learning where the models are data hungry and require large amounts of annotated data. Generating simulated data can be an effective and inexpensive approach to provide large labeled datasets for training machine learning models. In this work, we explore two approaches to simulate arctic snow radar echogram images, namely a radar scattering physics based approach combined with some statistical measures and a purely data-driven approach based on a conditional generative adversarial network. Using several image comparison metrics, we analyze the utility of both methods for the purpose of simulating echograms. Our results show that the physics simulator generates images with good structural similarities, while the purely data-driven approach achieves better textural similarities for simulated image. Finally, we also show that by augmenting our real dataset by the simulated echograms, we can improve our deep learning model for tracking internal layers of snow.
Microring-Resonator-Assisted, All-Optical Wavelength Conversion Using a Single SOA and a Second-Order Si $_{3}$N $_{4}$–SiO

We present the first microring-resonator-assisted wavelength converter employing a semiconductor optical amplifier and a tunable, Si3N4-SiO2 microring-resonator-reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. We demonstrate inverted, noninverted, and wavelength-division-multiplexing-enabled wavelength conversion with low power penalties.
Fabrication of Mg-Doped Sargassum Biochar for Phosphate and Ammonium Recovery

Biochars prepared from macro-algae have a lower C/N ratio compared to lignocellulosic biochar, which is advantageous for direct nutrition. In particular, Sargassum, a marine macro-algae, has a high Mg content; hence, it can be expected to adsorb P and N simultaneously. In this study, Sargassum horneri biochar (SB), pyrolyzed at 400, 500, and 600 °C, was doped with innate Mg through water leaching, and nutrient recovery from the wastewater-mimicking solution was confirmed. The biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C showed maximum Mg adsorption during water leaching, and the efficiency of K and Na removal was also high, at 92.7% and 91.9%, respectively. The addition of MgCl2 during pyrolysis and high ion exchange did not show distinct advantages for surface modification and nutrient adsorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the participation of biochar in the surface adsorption of Mg and PO4 recovery. The PO4 sorption capacity of biochar reached >120 mg·g−1, while the sorption capacity for NH4 was low, at 22.8–28.2 mg·g−1, suggesting that Mg-surface-doped SB presented excellent phosphorus recovery. Hence, upgrading an adsorbent as a wastewater-treatment material and soil ameliorant that recovers nutrients using innate Mg from Sargassum is possible through appropriate surface modification.
A review of energy consumption, management, and recovery in automotive systems, with considerations of future trends

In response to the current and future energy and environment challenges, the automotive industry is strongly focusing on improving the fuel efficiency of vehicles. Although the electrification of automotive powertrains is clearly the principal path towards sustainable transportation, many opportunities still exist to improve the fuel economy of conventional vehicles. However, some of the technical solutions representing the state of the art in research and advanced development are difficult to benchmark in terms of their potential benefits for fuel consumption improvement. A greater understanding of the fuel energy utilization on the vehicle (here intended as a ‘system’ ) is therefore necessary in order to identify the readily available opportunities for efficiency improvements and, ultimately, to develop automobiles which are more fuel efficient. To this extent, this paper presents a review of the state of the art and technology trends in the field of energy management and recovery for automotive systems, with the primary focus on conventional powertrains. An understanding of the fuel energy utilization and dissipation associated with the vehicle subsystems (the engine, transmission, and chassis) is provided, as well as an overview of the opportunities and potential challenges in improving the fuel economy through system-level energy management, recovery, and harvesting. Finally, an overview of the most important solutions for managing energy dissipation, energy recovery, and harvesting is presented, discussing their potential for fuel economy improvement, technical readiness, and challenges. Wherever possible, projections on fuel economy improvements, based on either experimental data or simulations, are reported to provide opportunity for the assessment and comparison of current and future technologies.
Development of a Calibration Procedure for the U.K. Highways Agency Traffic-Speed Deflectometer

One of the headline objectives of the U.K. Highways Agency (HA) is to reduce congestion and improve road safety while undertaking necessary highway maintenance. To this end, HA has invested significant resources in developing an appropriate technology to collect road condition and structural data at traffic speeds. This is reflected in the recent procurement for HA of a prototype traffic-speed deflectometer (TSD). The machine, originally developed by Greenwood Engineering A/S of Denmark, exploits the Doppler effect by using lasers to measure pavement deflection velocities under the loaded wheel of a truck. As part of a research program at the U.K. Transport Research Laboratory, the TSD is being developed to undertake structural surveys at traffic speeds. This paper describes the operation of the TSD and continues with a discussion of one of the most challenging aspects of the research program: the development of a calibration procedure. The proposed procedure compares the response of a particular section of road to the TSD, as recorded by an accelerometer embedded in the road pavement, with that recorded by the Doppler lasers on the TSD.
Usingstorage devices forcompensating uncertainties caused bynon- disp atchab legenerators

Thispaper presents astudy oncombining agrid-because theycannot meettheir projected production pattern connected stochastic generator withanenergy storage device. duetoinaccurate forecasts (4). Ontheother hand,several Thestorage device isusedtobalance thepowerfluctuations of generators havetorunasbackup onidle oronreduced power thenon-dispatchable generator inordertofeedpowerintothe gene to runasackuponsidle ondreducedapower network according toanhourly pre-determined constant profile. tbeable to q kompendste pos edflutuations. Thenegative effects ofinaccurate forecasts arethusreduced by Usually hydrostorage andgas-fired powerstations areused turning thestochastic generation intoadeterministic networkforthispurpose; running athermal powerplant atreduced infeed. Important parameters forachieving this goalarethe powerhowever implies lower efficiency andhencearelatively energy capacity oftheenergy storage andtheerror magnitude higher amount ofCO2perMWh, reducing thepositive impact oftheforecast usedtodefine theinfeed profile. ' A general methodforsimulations basedonameasurement ofrenewable-based generators Interms ofemissions. Itwould series ispresented, together withamethodforthesimulation thusbefavorable toalleviate oreveneliminate thefluctuations offorecasts withdifferent forecast errors. Themethodology is oftheintermittent source before theyaretransferred tothe thenapplied ina casestudytoinvestigate thefeasibility Of network. using anstorage device forhourly balancing. Theemphasis ison Therefore, this paper presents astudy oncombining agrid- therelation between infeed accuracy, forecast errorandenergyconnected stochastic generator withanESD,tocompensate capacity Ofthestorage. fluctuations inthenetwork infeed. Incontrast toisolated
Digital Girih, a Digital Interpretation of Islamic Architecture

The relation between texture, pattern and massing is a fundamental question in architecture. Classical architecture, as Leon Battista Alberti states in De Re Aedificatoria, Book VI, Chapter 2, is developed through massing and structure first; texture is added afterwards to give the bold massing and structure beauty [1]. This hierarchy has of course been challenged throughout architecture history. This paper will provide a different thinking of the relationship of massing and texture in Islamic Architecture from a digital point of view. An analysis of Islamic patterns challenged this relationship in Islamic architecture. Digital design and fabrication methods for a series of studies and an installation were used to respond to the findings of the analysis.
Optimized 3D Reconstruction of Large, Compact Assemblies of Metallic Nanoparticles

: 3D characterization of assemblies of nanoparticles is of great importance to determine their structure − property connection. Such investigations become increasingly more challenging when the assemblies become larger and more compact. In this paper, we propose an optimized approach for electron tomography to minimize artifacts related to beam broadening in high angle annular dark-ﬁ eld scanning transmission electron microscopy mode. These artifacts are typically present at one side of the reconstructed 3D data set for thick nanoparticle assemblies. To overcome this problem, we propose a procedure in which two tomographic tilt series of the same sample are acquired. After acquiring the ﬁ rst series, the sample is ﬂ ipped over 180 ° , and a second tilt series is acquired. By merging the two reconstructions, blurring in the reconstructed volume is minimized. Next, this approach is combined with an advanced three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm yielding quantitative structural information. Here, the approach is applied to a thick and compact assembly of spherical Au nanoparticles, but the methodology can we used to investigate a broad range of samples.
A methodology to extract the channel current of permeable gate oxide MOSFETs

A methodology to extract the channel current of MOS transistors in the presence of high gate leakage current is presented. The methodology is based on the partitioning of the gate current among the source and drain terminals and it is well suited for devices featuring ultrathin gate oxide and long channels, as those typically employed for mobility measurements. The proposed procedure is compared with the existing method based on a 50%-50% source/drain partition of the gate current, and the dependence of the extraction error associated with these two methods on channel length and bias conditions is studied in detail. It is found that the extraction error is weakly dependent on gate-source and drain-source voltages.
Vacuum Distillation for the Recovery of Fire Accelerants from Charred Debris

ABSTRACTAn improved design of a vacuum distillation apparatus and the procedure for recovering fire accelerants from charred debris is illustrated and described. The recovery of gasoline and fuel oil from sawdust and charcoal is demonstrated with the aid of a G.L. C, analysis of the vacuum distillates obtained. Vapor pressures at various temperatures of petroleum products are illustrated and discussed along with the applicability of this technique.
CPT-TODIM METHOD FOR INTERVAL NEUTROSOPHIC MAGDM AND ITS APPLICATION TO THIRD-PARTY LOGISTICS SERVICE PROVIDERS SELECTION

The multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) has always been a concern in the research field. In this article, we establish the interval neutrosophic TODIM method based on cumulative prospect theory (CPT-IN-TODIM) for MAGDM issue. This new developed CPTIN-TODIM method has markedly superiority in describing decision maker’s psychological states, which utilizes the weight function to adjust weighting attributes distinguishing from the classical TODIM method. Then, this new developed method has been applied to select the third-party logistics service providers and been expound on the disparity with existing methods. Finally, the results of contrastive analysis indicate that this new developed method can lead to the appropriate conclusion and sticks out the differences between alternatives to provide clearer direction. Hence, the new developed CPT-IN-TODIM method is reliable and valid.
Relationship between the Biofilm-Forming Capacity and Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates: Results from a Laboratory-Based In Vitro Study

The relationship between the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype and biofilm-forming capacity has been a topic of extensive interest among biomedical scientists, as these two factors may have significant influence on the outcomes of infections. The aim of the present study was to establish a possible relationship between biofilm-forming capacity and the antibiotic-resistant phenotype in clinical Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates. A total of n = 309 isolates were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the phenotypic detection of resistance determinants were carried out. The capacity of isolates to produce biofilms was assessed using a crystal violet microtiter-plate-based method. Resistance rates were highest for ciprofloxacin (71.19%; n = 220), levofloxacin (n = 68.61%; n = 212), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 66.02%; n = 209); 42.72% (n = 132) of isolates were classified as MDR; 22.65% (n = 70) of tested isolates were positive in the modified Hodge-test; the overexpression of efflux pumps had significant effects on the susceptibilities of meropenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin in 14.24% (n = 44), 6.05% (n = 19), and 27.51% (n = 85), respectively; 9.39% (n = 29), 12.29% (n = 38), 22.97% (n = 71), and 55.35% (n = 170) of isolates were non-biofilm-producing and weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. A numerical, but statistically not significant, difference was identified between the MDR and non-MDR isolates regarding their biofilm-forming capacity (MDR: 0.495 ± 0.309 vs. non-MDR: 0.545 ± 0.283; p = 0.072), and no association was seen between resistance to individual antibiotics and biofilm formation. Based on numerical trends, MER-resistant isolates were the strongest biofilm producers (p = 0.067). Our study emphasizes the need for additional experiments to assess the role biofilms have in the pathogenesis of A. baumannii infections.
A methodology for vehicle sideslip angle identification: comparison with experimental data

Sideslip angle could provide important information concerning vehicle's stability. Unfortunately direct measurement of sideslip angle requires a complex and expensive experimental set-up, which is not suitable for implementation on ordinary passenger cars; thus, this quantity has to be estimated starting from the measurements of vehicle lateral/longitudinal acceleration, speed, yaw rate and steer angle. According to the proposed methodology, sideslip angle is estimated as a weighted mean of the results provided by a kinematic formulation and those obtained through a state observer based on vehicle single-track model. Kinematical formula is considered reliable for a transient manoeuvre, while the state observer is used in nearly quasi-state condition. The basic idea of the work is to make use of the information provided by the kinematic formulation during a transient manoeuvre to update the single-track model parameters (tires cornering stiffnesses). A fuzzy-logic procedure was implemented to identify steady state or transient conditions.
PLA Design in NAND Structure

A NAND (serial gating) structure PLA of the MOS poly-silicon gate process has been developed for high density and medium fast speed VLSI application. Dynamic clocking is used for minimum power dissipation and elimination of the ratio problem associated with static NAND gate. Ion-implantation for memory cell programming and the elimination of contact in the memory area drastically reduces the cell size, and reliability is improved . A simple but effective self-timed clocking scheme is employed for better operating margins against process variations; the overhead chip area for the clock generation is sufficiently small. The advantages of allowing metal signal and power lines to cross the PLA memory area is discussed. Some measured data from a 3. 5μm NMOS Si-gate process with regard to gate height and transistor sizes are also described.