Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of flavan-3-ols by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array, antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity, and pharmacognostic evaluation of Maytenus obtusifolia (Mart.) leaves

Background: Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. (Syn. Monteverdia obtusifolia Mart. Biral), Celastraceae, is a species located on the coast of Brazil, which is commonly used as anti-inflammatory and on the treatment of gastric ulcers. Objectives: The aim of this study consists of the determination of quality control parameters of the plant material, as well as to develop, validate high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array methodology for the quantification of its analytical markers and evaluate the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of the extract. Materials and Methods: The plant material and ethanolic crude extract (ECE) were evaluated through pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial methods. Anti-oxidant assay was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity assay. Results: The assays have provided the following results: granulometry (d50 0.82 mm), moisture content (6.41%–9.03%), pH of aqueous solution (5.41), apparent bulk density (0.41 mg/mL), heavy metals (
Facile method for tent fabrics with eco-friendly/durable properties using waterborne polyurethane/lignin: Preparation and evaluation

In this paper, a novel facile strategy is reported for fabricating an environment friendly, aging-resistant, and waterproof-breathable fabric using a “pad-knife” coating technique and waterborne polyurethane (WPU) containing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and lignin as an antioxidant agent. Morphology, hydrophobic property, accelerated weathering aging property and artificial degradation performance as well as water vapor transmission and tensile property are characterized. Results show that, IPDI can effectively prevent PU discoloration. Lignin amount affects the morphological structure, tearing strength, WVTR and hydrostatic pressure capability of coated fabrics. Moreover, a 2% lignin addition provides fabrics with enhanced waterproof-breathable properties and tearing strength performance compared with pure WPU coated fabrics after accelerated weathering exposure. The facile coating technology can be applied to protective and functional textiles for military and civil polyester tents.
In vivo fast scan cyclic voltammetry reveals that restricted diffusion maintains discrete dopamine domains in the dorsal striatum

Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter involved in a variety of physiological functionality such as motor control, cognition, sexual arousal and reward. Furthermore, dysfunction in the dopaminergic system can lead a number of devastating neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s, and substance abuse. Therefore, understanding the real-time mechanisms of dopamine signaling is of utmost importance. Real-time analysis of in vivo dopamine poses an interesting analytical challenge. Dopamine is released into the extracellular space deep below the cortical surface in nanomolar to micromolar concentrations on a sub-second timeframe. Because of these conditions, effective dopamine quantification requires a small selective detector that exhibits high temporal resolution and a low limit of detection. Fast scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes has proven to be ideal for this task. The work detailed in this dissertation pairs in vivo voltammetry with electrical stimulation of dopaminergic axonal projections to controllably study dopamine kinetics. Previously our laboratory discovered the existence of two discrete dopamine domains in the rat dorsal striatum that exhibit unique dopamine kinetic responses to electrical stimulation. This dissertation is built on the foundation of that work. First, we discovered that the effect of a competitive inhibitor of the dopamine transporter is domain dependent. The kinetics of these domain dependent effects allowed us to predict that dopamine signaling in the extracellular space is subjected to restricted diffusion. We continued on to show that restricted diffusion prevents cross-talk between domains, thus maintaining a strict physical segregation between domains. Further work resulted in the discovery of five discrete dopamine domains. These domains exhibit differing extents of regulation, resulting in unique kinetic responses to electrical stimulation. Finally, we discovered the existence of long-term dopamine signaling. Following electrically stimulated dopamine release, free dopamine in the extracellular space is not completely cleared as previously believed. Instead, the free dopamine establishes a new steady state elevated baseline concentration. These discoveries provide new insight into the complex mechanisms that regulate dopamine signaling, and have the potential to explain the multiple functionalities of the dopaminergic system.
Fault diagnosis method for attached lifting scaffold based on support vector machine

When the attached lifting scaffold fails in the process of high-altitude lifting operation, it mainly relies on instrument alarm and operator's experience to make simple judgment and treatment, which has great potential safety hazards and accident risks. In this study, a fault diagnosis method of scaffolding jamming based on improved particle swarm optimisation least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) is proposed, which can automatically diagnose the cause of the fault. The experimental results on construction site show that the method can accurately judge the overall overload, specific position overload, overall under-load, local deformation and displacement asynchronism faults occurring during the operation of scaffolding, and has higher diagnostic accuracy than the methods of back propagation neural network and standard SVM. It is significant to improve the safety level and operation efficiency of attached scaffolding.
Effects of Ibuprofen Intake in Muscle Damage, Body Temperature and Muscle Power in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ingesting ibuprofen on post-workout recovery of muscle damage, body temperature and muscle power indicators in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. The study was carried out with eight Paralympic powerlifting athletes (aged 27.0 ± 5.3 years and 79.9 ± 25.5 kg of body mass) competing at the national level, with a minimum training experience of 12 months, who all submitted to two experimental conditions: Ibuprofen (2 × 00 mg) and control. The maximal isometric force of the upper limbs and rate of force development, thermography, and serum biochemical analyzes of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were measured before, after, 24 h after and 48 h after the intervention. Maximal isometric force only decreased in the placebo condition, which increased back to baseline levels, while no substantial decline in baseline force was seen in the ibuprofen condition, although no effect for exercise condition was detected. After the exercise, the rate of force development decreased significantly for both conditions and did not exceed baseline levels again after 48 h. Muscle temperature decreased significantly at 48-h post-exercise in the placebo condition, when compared with the previous day of measurement; and deltoid muscle temperature at 48-h post-exercise was higher with the ibuprofen condition. Although the results indicate some positive effects of ibuprofen use, they do not enable a clear statement regarding its positive effects on muscle function and muscle damage. Ibuprofen seems to have caused a delay in the anti-inflammatory response following exercise.
A nonlinear dynamical approach to the path correction of multi-steering articulated vehicles

ABSTRACT When designing articulated tractor-trailer systems, engineers should take care to contrast some undesired phenomena associated with the lateral dynamics: the path off-tracking, namely the trajectory deviation of the points of the two units compared to the midpoint of the tractor fore; the rearward amplification of the transverse acceleration. The off-tracking may lead the vehicle tail to invade the opposite direction lane or the emergency lane, whereas the rearward amplification may involve the danger of the trailer rollover. Nonetheless, the arrangement of multi-steering axle systems with the proper correlation among the steering angles may substantially cancel the off-tracking, both along a path with constant curvature and while entering or leaving the road bend. Moreover, the proper control of the increase and decrease of the steering angle during the transient phases can restrain the lateral acceleration of the towed unit. The present analysis considers several nonlinear effects of the vehicle lateral dynamics, such as large steering angles, nonlinear cornering characteristics and changes of the cornering forces because of the centrifugal effect. The goal is a practical formulation of the correlation among the steering angles to correct the vehicle run and ensure lateral stability.
Filtering-Based Three-Axis Attitude Determination Package for Spinning Spacecraft: Preliminary Results with Arase

JAXA’s ERG (Exploration of Energization and Radiation in Geospace) Spacecraft, which is nicknamed Arase, was launched on 20 December 2016. Arase is a spin-stabilized and Sun-oriented spacecraft. Its mission is to explore how relativistic electrons in the radiation belts are generated during space storms. Two different on-ground attitude determination algorithms are designed for the mission: A TRIAD-based algorithm that inherits from old missions and a filtering-based new algorithm. This paper, first, discusses the design of the filtering-based attitude determination algorithm, which is mainly based on an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), specifically designed for spinning spacecraft (SpinUKF). The SpinUKF uses a newly introduced set of attitude parameters (i.e., spin-parameters) to represent the three-axis attitude of the spacecraft and runs UKF for attitude estimation. The paper then presents the preliminary attitude estimation results for the spacecraft that are obtained after the launch. The results are presented along with the encountered challenges and suggested solutions for them. These preliminary attitude estimation results show that the expected accuracy of the fine attitude estimation for the spacecraft is less than 0.5°.
Application of virtual technologies for the representation of physical phenomena in maintenance tasks

Maintenance during industrial development has evolved, always seeking the in-depth study of the physical phenomena that occur in the elements and systems that have suffered functional failures. Maintenance has been adapted to each challenge presented. The progress and development of computer science have opted for the massive use of information and communication technologies that support industrial processes, generating new possibilities in maintenance management and operation. These tools could contribute to improving the efficiency of maintenance processes, taking into account that these costs represent a third of the total production cost in an organization. This work seeks to identify the evolution of these technological tools in the applications that they have had in representing the physical phenomena of maintenance management. This research also seeks to establish the minimum requirements that these tools must consider in their applications and uses. Considering the appropriation of these technologies in Colombia, in order to determine where the country is in terms of development and technological use, being important information for the recognition of the scenario and decision-making that prevail in a competitive Colombian industry world level.
Symmetries in the Universe a Quanton Origin

The recurrence of high order dimensionless ratios of the physical and cosmological parameters had for long fascinated scientists, Paul Dirac was one of the first to notice this, and after him this phenomena was named (Dirac large number hypothesis), where he tried to explain such a recurrence in terms of varying gravitational constant, in addition , he had a firm belief that such recurrences were not pure coincidence but rather the result of symmetries on the micro scale which found their manifestations on a macro scale [1] here, we will discuss some of the physical cosmological parameters and their ensuing large number ratios and relate them to each other using concepts developed in the (quanton based model of field interactions).
Efficiency Enhancement of A Broadband Sequential Power Amplifier Using Envelope Tracking

This paper demonstrates the first realisation of a sequential power amplifier (SPA) with envelope tracking (ET). Composed of a 10 W main PA and a 23 W peaking PA, the 1.6–2.4 GHz SPA achieves more than 49% drain efficiency at 6 dB back-off across the band through modulating the main PA supply voltage. At 2 GHz, the ET SPA offers more than 45% efficiency at 10 dB back off. Moreover, the linearity of the ET SPA is measured with and without digital predistortion over the band. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first investigation where ET has been applied to the SPA.
Comparing Local Item Dependency from Inter-Item Correlation Matrix and Principal Component Analysis from Factor Analysis for Dimensionality of Multidimensional Dataset

This study compared the Local Item Dependency from Inter-Item Correlation Matrix and Principal Component Analysis from Factor Analysis for Dimensionality of Multidimensional Dataset. Exploratory research design was adopted for the study. A representative sample of six hundred (600) students were systematically sampled from Twelve (12) schools that participated in the study through multi-stage sampling technique. 2013 West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) Financial Accounting Objective test items was adopted as instrument for the study. A retrieved Data gathered from the researchers’ previous work were analyzed using Inter-Item Correlation Matrix and Principal Component Analysis. The finding of the study revealed that the two approaches for testing dimensionality have consistent evidence for multidimensionality with Local Item Dependence of 44 items holding for 34 (77.3%)done through Inter-Item Correlation and PCA showing first and second factors having 37.848% and 26.306% of variance explained done using Factor Analysis. It was concluded that using Local Item Dependence from Inter-Item Correlation Matrix approach can give the same result with using PCA from Factor Analytic approach in Dimensionality Test (DIMTEST). It was also recommended to the statisticians and behavioral scientists that both approaches be used to checkmate dimensionality evidence of each other
The complete mitochondrial genome of a gray reef shark, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae), from the Western Indian Ocean

Abstract We present the mitochondrial genome sequence of a gray reef shark, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Bleeker 1856), a coral reef associated species. This is the first mitogenome for this species from the western Indian Ocean. The mitogenome is 16,705 bp in length, has 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and a non-coding control region, and demonstrates a gene arrangement congruent with other shark and most vertebrate species. This mitogenome provides a genomic resource for assisting with population, evolutionary and conservation studies for the gray reef shark, which is increasingly under threat from fisheries.
Calibrated Simulation of the Long‐Term Average Surficial Groundwater System and Derived Spatial Distributions of its Characteristics for the Contiguous United States

While the physical processes governing groundwater flow are well understood, and the computational resources now exist for solving the governing equations in three dimensions over continental‐scale domains, there remains substantial uncertainty about the subsurface distribution of the properties that control groundwater flow and transport for much of the contiguous United States (CONUS). The transmissivity of the shallow subsurface is a key parameter for the simulation of water table position, shallow groundwater flow, and base‐flow discharge, but is not well‐characterized at large regional to continental scales. We used a process‐based inversion of CONUS‐extent groundwater information to generate national data sets of (a) the transmissivity of the shallow groundwater system, (b) the depth to the water table, (c) groundwater discharge as base‐flow, and (d) long‐term average water content in the unsaturated zone. CONUS‐extent coverage was developed in the form of 75 subdomain models, with the spatial distribution of long‐term average transmissivity for each subdomain model calibrated against water‐levels derived from U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) observation wells, NHDPlusV2 first‐order perennial streams, and National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) freshwater wetlands. Estimated transmissivities were lower in the western CONUS than the eastern CONUS, and across the CONUS both transmissivity and depth to water correlate with recharge, elevation, and topographic slope. These generated data sets provide spatially distributed, long‐term average estimates of subsurface properties and hydrological states that we anticipate will complement other environmental modeling efforts as explanatory variables, boundary conditions, or transport pathways.
Application of Latent Factor Model on a Restaurant Menu Recommendation System

A restaurant menu recommendation system is becoming a necessity following the trend of eating out at the restaurants. The task of such a system is to generate a top- N list of menus that may be of interest to a customer, in which the customer previous rating behavior is used as the learning model. In this paper, we apply the SVD (Singular Vector Decomposition) latent factor model as the learning technique of the recommendation system. Beforehand, we implement the mean imputation technique to fill in the missing rating entries so that SVD can also deal with the new customer that has no rating record in the system. Evaluation on a real-world restaurant menu recommendation dataset shows that our recommendation system is able to generate a top-10 list of menu recommendations to a target customer and that the results of the low-rank approximation using SVD are comparable with that of the full-rank.
Ants climb plants because they cannot swim: ant presence on flowers during the flood season reduces the frequency of floral visitors

Seasonal changes in environments may not only affect habitat connectivity but may also affect its use by species and their interactions. Thus, during the flood season, ants are forced to develop survival strategies such as vertical plant migration. According to this, it has been hypothesized that the presence of ants may directly affect plant‐pollinator interactions. Thus, we asked the following questions: (i) Are floral visitors of Hyptis brevipes expelled due to ant presence on inflorescences during the flood period? (ii) Is the ant effect mediated by the abundance of ants foraging on inflorescences? And, (iii) Does flower abundance predict the abundance of floral visits and ants? We experimentally sampled 59 H. brevipes plants with and without ants during the flooded season, and observed no differences in flower abundance between ant treatments. The probability of detaining floral visitors on H. brevipes increased with ant abundance and exceeded 50% possible repellency, but the probability of visitor deterrence was not related to flower abundance. Furthermore, the abundance of flowers did not predict the number of ants on H. brevipes individuals or the frequency of floral visits. Consequently, ant repelling effects are pronounced when there are more ants foraging on plants. However, the ant repelling effect can be mitigated when plants flourish all year‐round and exhibit higher concentrations of flowers in the dry months. Additionally, the different sexual functions of plants may present specific responses due to the explosive pollination mechanism associated with ant effects.
HANDWRITTEN DIGIT RECOGNITION USING VARIOUS MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS AND MODELS

-Handwritten digit recognition is a technique or technology for automatically recognizing and detecting handwritten digital data through different Machine Learning models. In this paper we use various Machine Learning algorithms to enhance the productiveness of technique and reduce the complexity using various models. Machine Learning is an application of Artificial Intelligence that learns from previous experience and improves automatically through experience. We illustrate various Machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine
Anthropometric study of hip joint characteristics in the Kashmir valley with Computed Tomography

Background: An understanding of anthropometric measurements of the hip joint, in any given population has important clinical and logistical implications in the orthopaedic setting. A study of this nature, utilizing computed tomography, has not been conducted on the Kashmiri population, and this study aims to bridge that gap. Materials and Methods: The study evaluated 80 individuals, with otherwise normal hips to be included in the study. All of these patients had CT of the abdomen/pelvis done for unrelated reasons, and anthropometric data for the hip was obtained from examining these sections. Parameters studied were the CE angle. acetabular angle, acetabular version, neck shaft angle, and the vertical diameter of the femoral head. Results: The following were the mean values obtained: Acetabular angle: 39.2°, acetabular version: 18.8°, CE angle (of Wiberg): 33.9°, neck-shaft angle: 139.5°, vertical femoral head height: 45.3mm Conclusion: The hip joint parameters measured in our study were comparable to other studies conducted on Indian, as well as western population. The neck shaft angle in our study was higher than that studied in the western population. Introduction An extensive knowledge of the hip joint anatomy is essential to understand its biomechanics. Although mean anthropometric values give an idea of what to expect, it should be known how far do the normal values deviate, and where pathological values can be expected (1) . Computed tomography enables us to accurately map and measure the anthropometric values of the hip joint. Different researchers have proposed that there are differences in parameters of bone among different races, and they have tried to figure out the relationship of these variations to an increase in the incidence of hip osteoarthritis, neck of femur fractures and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (2) . Wiberg, in his early reports suggested the relationship of development of osteoarthritis to the presence of acetabular dysplasia (3) The purpose of this study is to determine normal hip anthropometric parameters of the Kashmir population, and compare it with the data available