Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delayed pursuit-escape as a model for virtual stick balancing

The process of pursuit and escape underlies many biological phenomena ranging from predator–prey interactions, combat and sporting activities. Time delays, τ , arise as a consequence of the time taken to identify the opponent, formulate a strategy, and then act upon it. Here we consider virtual stick balancing (VSB) as a delayed pursuit–escape task. The movements of the target in VSB are programmed to resemble those of balancing a stick at the fingertip. A model of delayed pursuit-escape is developed by assuming that the target movements are governed by a simple random walk and the movements of the pursuer by a delayed random walk biased towards the target when τ = 0. When τ > 0 the movements can become transiently biased away from the target. The model reproduces the oscillatory dynamics and statistical properties of VSB. For both model and VSB, transients occur in which the pursuer moves inappropriately causing increases in tracking error. The presence of a signature, or trigger, for impending escape suggests the possibility that escapes can be predicted before they occur.
Modelling spaces and the UML

As the industrial adoption of the UML grows, so also do the issues faced by practitioners of the art of modelling. While the UML does provide a standard mechanism for modelling, it spans a wide gamut of work products produced by means of varied activities within the entire Software Development Life Cycle. However, not all features of the UML apply to all lifecycle “phases”. This paper considers in detail the importance and relevance of various UML-diagrams in corresponding modelling spaces relevant to these different phases. By considering these differences in applicability of the UML diagrams, we propose that these diagrams and the UML overall will become even more relevant in
Postural and Prandial Tolerance in Severely Frail Older People A Study in Long-term Geriatric Care

Objective: To assess frail older peoples’ tolerance to every-day postural and prandial challenges. Design: Prospective cohort study. Subjects: Older persons, bed and chair confined, hospitalized in long-term geriatric or hospice care, unfit to undergo customary postural and prandial testing. Methods: Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured with an automatic device in three situations: supine at 7 am; sitting before lunch at 12 pm. , and continuing sitting 30 minutes after lunch. The patients’ alertness and symptoms were assessed at 7 am. , 12.00 and 12.40. BP changes were calculated: supine to sitting, and sitting before lunch to sitting after lunch. BP changes were related to incident symptoms. Results: The meal was discontinued in two patients when a vasovagal reaction and dumping syndrome occurred. Sixty three tests in 48 patients were completed. The average supine systolic BP (SBP) was 121.2 ± 16.8 mmHg and the diastolic BP (DBP) 67.7 ± 10.5 mmHg. The average difference between supine SBP and sitting before lunch SBP was 3.2 ±19.2 mmHg, the DBP difference was 4.7 ± 10.8 mmHg (p=0.0003). The average difference between SBP sitting before lunch and SBP sitting after lunch was 0.4 ±12 mmHg, the DBP difference was 0.7 ± 7.5 mmHg. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) and/or postprandial hypotension (PPH) was present in 31/63 (47.6%) of tests: all patients remained free of symptoms during testing and the mean BP in all measurements was >60 mmHg. Conclusions: A large proportion of severely frail older patients tolerated every-day postural and prandial challenges, even when asymptomatic OH and/or PPH occurred.
A HAMMERSTEIN DIVERSITY COMBINING TECHNIQUE

Abstract— In wireless communication channels fading phenomenon imposes serious limitations upon the system performance. Diversity combining is a well known fading compensation technique. In this paper we propose a diversity combining technique based on a nonlinear Hammerstein type filter to mitigate the destructive fading effect. In the present work, frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels in presence of additive white gaussian noise are considered and m-ary PAM modulation is employed. We first present a theoretical analysis to justify our proposed system. Then the system performance for different power delay profiles and different m-ary PAM modulations are investigated. Comparison of simulation results based on our proposed technique with the results obtained when linear equalizing filters are employed, shows that our technique leads to a considerably higher BER performance at higher SNRs. We also show that our method has a lower complexity than the linear structure. Also, a relative reliability factor for the system is defined and investigated.
LIKELIHOOD-BASED INFERENCE IN TRENDING TIME SERIES WITH A ROOT NEAR UNITY

This paper studies likelihood-based estimation and tests for autoregressive time series models with deterministic trends and general disturbance distributions. In particular, a joint estimation of the trend coefficients and the autoregressive parameter is considered. Asymptotic analysis on the M-estimators is provided. It is shown that the limiting distributions of these estimators involve nonlinear equation systems of Brownian motions even for the simple case of least squares regression. Unit root tests based on M-estimation are also considered, and extensions of the Neyman–Pearson test are studied. The finite sample performance of these estimators and testing procedures is examined by Monte Carlo experiments.
Do Global Shocks Drive Investor Herds in Oil-Rich Frontier Markets?

This paper examines the dynamic relationship between global factors and herding behavior in the oil-rich frontier stock markets of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), using a time-varying transition probability Markov-switching model (TVTP-MS). Our results suggest that the GCC frontier stock markets respond significantly to the global market conditions in two distinct ways: (i) global fundamentals and market factors play a significant role in determining volatility regimes in these frontier markets as well as their transitions from one regime to another; and (ii) shocks in global systematic financial risks significantly contribute to investor herding in these frontier markets. Higher levels of global risk indexes including the VIX and the FSI as well as positive changes in the U.S. stock market performance and in the price of oil govern the transitions out of low into higher volatility states during which herding behavior is found to be present. Finally, we discuss policy and portfolio diversification implications.
Development and validation of uv spectrophotometric method for estimation of dexibuprofen in bulk and dosage form

The aim of present work is to develop and validate simple, sensitive and specific spectrophotometric method for the determination of Dexibuprofen, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations. UV spectrophotometric method, which is based on measurement of absorption at maximum wavelength in phosphate buffer pH 6.8, was found to be at 221.8 nm by using 5% methanol. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy (recovery), precision and specificity. The optimum conditions for analysis of the drug were established. The drug obeyed the Beer’s law and showed good correlation. Beer’s law was obeyed in concentration range 0-60 μg/ml having line equation y = 0.046x +0.017 with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The results of analysis were validated by recovery studies. The method was found to be simple, accurate, precise, economical and robust.
INCOME EFFECT: EVIDENCE FROM PANEL DATA

All micro studies of demand are based on using time series cross sectional data. Because in such data each household is only observed once, it is only under strong identifying restrictions that one can interpret the coefficients on consumer behavior. For example, if tastes are correlated with income, the usual estimates of income elasticities from cross sectional data are biased. In contrast, panel data allows identification of the coefficients on consumer behavior in the presence of unobservable correlated heterogeneity. In this paper we make use of a unique Spanish panel data set on household expenditures to test whether unobservable heterogeneity in household demands (taste) is correlated with total expenditures (income). We find that tastes are indeed correlated with income for half of the goods considered. JEL: C33, D12
INCORPORATING LIFESTYLE IN THE DESIGN OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN SAUDI ARABIA KINGDOM

ينكسلا يحلا وأ ةينكسلا ةقطنملا ىلع ةيباجيا راثأ هل . The design of affordable housing in Saudi Arabia is usually governed by cost reduction and does not take people's lifestyles into account. Such approach has a number of harmful consequences on the affordable housing user such as costly alterations to the original plan to suite the lifestyle. This research argues that there is a need to build a concrete knowledge about people's lifestyles and to incorporate it in the design of the affordable housing. This would improve the housing design, increase user satisfaction and may have positive effects on the whole affordable housing estate.
Regionalization of Surface Fluxes over Heterogeneous Landscape of the Tibetan Plateau by Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data

In this study, a parameterization method based on NOAA-14/AVHRR data and field observations is described and tested for deriving the regional land surface variables, vegetation variables and land surface heat fluxes over a heterogeneous landscape. As a case study, the method was applied to the Tibetan Plateau area. The regional distribution maps of surface reflectance, MSAVI, vegetation coverage, surface temperature, net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux were determined over the Tibetan Plateau area. The derived results were validated by using the “ground truth”. The results show that the more reasonable regional distributions and their seasonal variations of land surface variables (surface reflectance, surface temperature), vegetation variables (MSAVI and vegetation coverage), net radiation, soil heat flux and sensible heat flux can be obtained by using the method proposed in this study. However, the approach of deriving regional latent heat flux, and their seasonal variation as the residual of the energy budget, may not be a good method due to the unbalance of energy and the strong advection over the study area. Further improvement of the method was also discussed.
Allelic Diversity Changes in 96 Canadian Oat Cultivars Released from 1886 to 2001

There is longstanding concern that modern plant breeding reduces crop genetic diversity. Such reduction may have consequences both for the vulnerability of crops to changes in their pests and diseases and for their ability to respond to changes in climate and agricultural practices. This concern, however, has not been well validated in recent molecular studies of genetic diversity of several crop species. The objective of this study was to assess allelic diversity changes in 96 Canadian oat (Avena saliva L.) cultivars released from 1886 to 2001 by means of 30 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). A total of 62 alleles were found from 11 informative SSR loci. Thirty-nine alleles were detected infrequently (frequency ≤ 0.15) among the cultivars and only two alleles were observed frequently (frequency ≥ 0.95). Analyses of the dynamics of SSR alleles over time in these oat cultivars revealed random patterns of allelic change at three loci, shifting patterns of change at one locus, increasing patterns of change at two loci, and decreasing patterns of change at five loci. Significant decrease of alleles was detected in cultivars released after 1970 and also in some specific breeding programs. Three different band-sharing analyses of the genetic diversity of the grouped cultivars, however, failed to detect significant diversity changes among cultivars released from different breeding periods or programs. These findings indicate that allelic diversity at particular loci, rather than average genetic diversity, is sensitive to oat breeding practices. They also indicate the need for attention to be paid to oat germplasm conservation.
Leanness among pre-school children of Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, West Bengal, India

Malnutrition is a problem in developing countries including India. Anthropometry is a single tool to assess its magnitude. The estimation of leanness may be one of the indicators. This study was undertaken at 20 ICDS centers in Arambagh, West Bengal, India on 894 children. The prevalence of leanness among girls was very high (34.6%) in comparison to boys (25.6%). There was significant association between overall rate of leanness and sex of the studied children (x2 = 3.95; df =2, p < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that these pre-school children had rates of leanness which was indicative of nutritional stress
A dynamic approach to the development of lexicon and syntax in a second language

Taal vloeit voort uit taalgebruik; leerders ontdekken de regelmatigheden en patronen van taal tijdens communicatie. Om de ontwikkeling van taal te verklaren, is het nodig te onderzoeken hoe taal wordt gevormd en beinvloed door input. Een groepsonderzoek toonde aan dat het moment waarop incidentele input wordt verstrekt een belangrijke rol speelt bij het aanleren van contextuele woordenschat (collocaties en associaties). Vervolgens keek ik in meer detail naar de processen die een invloed hebben op hoe leerders woorden gebruiken in hun schriftelijke producties. Ik kwam tot de bevinding dat het leerproces op het vlak van woordenschat van iedere leerder op een verschillende manier afhankelijk is van de hoeveelheid ontvangen input en dat de taal van elk individu zich op een verschillende manier ontwikkelt. Ik onderzocht eveneens twee verschillende soorten taalproducties, gesproken en geschreven, waarbij ik keek naar lexicale en syntactische elementen. Ik kwam tot de conclusie dat geschreven taal wordt gekenmerkt door een hogere mate van lexicale diversiteit dan gesproken taal, terwijl gesproken taal gekenmerkt wordt door meer syntactische complexiteit. Voorts concludeerde ik dat het verband tussen geschreven en gesproken taal verandert in de loop van de tijd en dat de relatie tussen de twee soms competitief en soms ondersteunend is, en dat individuele taalontwikkelingspatronen niet identiek zijn, zelfs niet bij identieke tweelingen.
Design and Simulation of Optical Filter for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) System

In this paper, it is demonstrated, by means of simulations, the practical feasibility of an interference filter, implemented from a stack of high and low index birefringent thin films that can be used as transmission filter. Simulations were carried out with a software toolbox package implemented as Matlab™ m-files. The simulation is done by using the following linear material (AgB, ZnSe, KF2, GaAs, BaF2, TiO2) as coating material with single FBR (fabry perot resonator) structure , and KB7 glass as substr ate material. Result show that difference between the values of refractive index of multi layer stack has great influence on the transmittance value, the largest possible value is the best choice for obtaining nearly 100% transmittance for the designed wavelength taken and this clearly observed in the simulation figures. In addition, Number of antireflection layer (N) effect clearly on the result, the design parameter that take GaAs as high refractive index material and BaF2 as low index material with N=4 represent good approach to the desired value for the simulated filter that’s used in (DWDM) .
Wavefront noise reduction in a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor using Kalman filter

Accuracy of centroid coordinates is influenced by a noise in the intensity image that is received from a wavefront sensor. The noise on the intensity image introduces uncertainty to the centroid coordinates, and consequently to the reconstructed wavefront. The analytical model of wavefront noise caused by light noise is proposed. The model accounts an ADC resolution and centroid spots parameters that allow estimating the signaldependent noise for various quantisation levels. A Kalman-type filter was developed for noise reduction that uses the proposed model of wavefront noise. The comparison between the noised and filtered signals for various quantisation levels is provided.
Teachers’ Burnout levels in Iranian EFL Context: The case of Junior High School, Senior High School, University, and Private English Institute EFL Teachers

Maslach and Jackson first introduced the concept of ‘burnout’a state of physical and emotional exhaustion emerging from work conditionsin 1980. The importance of investigations of burn out lies in the fact that it is directly related to the quality of teaching. There are three basic criteria set to predict, evaluate, and prevent burnout: depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishments. Teachers in Iran are not an exception to developing burnout, and neither are Iranian EFL teachers. To investigate the current situation of teacher burnout in general and the three criteria set by Maslach and Jackson among Iranian EFL teachers, the researchers selected 40 junior high school, 40 senior high school, 40 university, and 40 private English institute EFL teachers, and sought their burnout levels via Maslach Burnout Inventory. The statistical analysis of the data revealed the existence of significant differences among the burnout levels of these four groups of EFL teachers. Junior high school teachers reported the highest degree of reduced personal accomplishment whereas the highest levels of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and total burnout were reported by senior high school teachers. University teachers reported the smallest degree of burn out.
Domain-perturbed problems for ordinary linear differential operators

The variation of the eigenvalues and eigenf unctions of an ordinary linear self-adjoint differential operator L is considered under perturbations of the domain of L. The basic problem is denned as a suitable singular eigenvalue problem for L on the open interval ω< s < ω+ and is assumed to have at least one real eigenvalue λ of multiplicity k. The perturbed problem is a regular self-adjoint problem denned for L on a closed subinterval [a, b] of (ω_, ω+). It is proved under suitable conditions on the boundary operators of the perturbed problem that exactly k perturbed eigenvalues μ*δ --»Λ as a,b—> ω-y ω+. Further, asymptotic estimates are obtained for μ*b — λ as a,b—>ω-f ω+. The other results are refinements which lead to asymptotic estimates for the eigenf unctions and variational formulae for the eigenvalues.
ROBUST STABILIZATION OF NONLINEAR DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS BASED ON T-S MODEL

A robust stabilization problem is considered about nonlinear discrete-time system based on T-S fuzzy model. In order to represent the system exactly, the parametric uncertainty is employed to the T-S model. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such controllers through Lyapunov theorem is given. And it is further shown that this condition is equivalent to the solvability of a certain linear matrix inequality. An illustrative example of truck-trailer shows the feasibility of the proposed method.
One-day-per-week school attachment: Voices of supporting teachers and year one student teachers

The Bachelor of Education (Languages) Programme (BEdL) of the Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) was first implemented in 2001-02. As an integral part of the programme, the design of the Field Experience curriculum has its own characteristics. In addition to the traditional practice on classroom teaching, ranging from collaborative to independent teaching from Year Two onwards, the programme provides student teachers with opportunities for school visit and attachments through which they can better understand the requirements of language teaching in school contexts. Among all school attachments, the one-day-per-week attachment to a local secondary school in the second semester of Year One has received controversial feedback from various stakeholders. Such feedback reflects diversified considerations from schoolteachers involved about whether they will continue to support similar activities. Based on the feedback received in the past two years, this paper will first synthesize voices of current Supporting Teachers and student teachers of the BEd(L). Then the authors will discuss the effectiveness of such a mode of school attachment in preparing student teachers for classroom teaching. Taking the voices of Supporting Teachers and student teachers into consideration, we hope that this paper could help reveal a comprehensive evaluation of the design, and more important, enhance the quality of Field Experience with a view to forging a closer professional partnership between the Institute and schools.
Proximity And Voting For Professional Sporting Stadiums: The Pattern Of Support For The Seahawk Stadium Referendum

type="main" xml:id="coep12108-abs-0001"> This paper evaluates voting behavior on the Seahawk Stadium referendum in the State of Washington. For our empirical strategy, we implement both the linear probability model and a group logit model, which gives greater weight to voting areas with greater number of votes cast. We find that voting support was lowest among those living closest to the proposed stadium site, while voting support was highest among those within “easy access” of the stadium. This nonlinear distance effect differs from the typical “proximity” effect found in most professional sporting stadiums in the United States; however, it is consistent with a referendum-voting outcome for a professional soccer stadium in Germany and public projects such as national forests. ( JEL R53, H71, L83)
Non-Differentiable Functions Defined in Terms of Classical Representations of Real Numbers

The present article is devoted to functions from a certain subclass of non-differentiable functions. The arguments and values of considered functions represented by the s-adic representation or the nega-s-adic representation of real numbers. The technique of modeling such functions is the simplest as compared with well-known techniques of modeling non-differentiable functions. In other words, values of these functions are obtained from the s-adic or nega-s-adic representation of the argument by a certain change of digits or combinations of digits.
On the Academic Achievement of New Jersey ' s Public School Children : Fourth and Eighth Grade Mathematics in 1992 Howard Wainer Educational Testing Service

This report is the beginning of a series that will examine the performance of the school children of New Jersey relative to the performance of other children in the United States and worldwide. The measure of performance used was the 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) mathematics examinations and their linked versions of the 1991 International Assessment. The NAEP is used because it is satisfactory in content and form and because the psychometric model underlying its scoring yields a single scale that allows easy comparison. Students sampled by the NAEP are drawn in a principled way from the populations of interest, supporting the accuracy and hones'. y the assessment. Based on un tandardized results of the 1992 mathematics assessment, New Jersey was among the highest performing states. When results were standardized to reflect a single national demographic composition, New Jersey's rank among participating states rose to fourth. The United States, however, finished next-to-last when compared with the other 14 nations. The top 5% of New Jersey students ranked third when compared with the top 5% of members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Seven figures illustrate the discussion. (Contains 10 references.) (SLD) ******************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************