Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual Analytics of Event Data using Multiple Mining Methods

Most researchers use a single method of mining to analyze event data. This paper uses case studies from two very differentdomains (electronic health records and cybersecurity) to investigate how researchers can gain breakthrough insights by com-bining multiple event mining methods in a visual analytics workflow. The aim of the health case study was to identify patternsof missing values, which was daunting because the 615 million missing values occurred in 43,219 combinations of fields. How-ever, a workflow that involved exclusive set intersections (ESI), frequent itemset mining (FIM) and then two more ESI stepsallowed us to identify that 82% of the missing values were from just 244 combinations. The cybersecurity case study’s aim wasto understand users’ behavior from logs that contained 300 types of action, gathered from 15,000 sessions and 1,400 users.Sequential frequent pattern mining (SFPM) and ESI highlighted some patterns in common, and others that were not. For thelatter, SFPM stood out for its ability to action sequences that were buried within otherwise different sessions, and ESI detectedsubtle signals that were missed by SFPM. In summary, this paper demonstrates the importance of using multiple perspectives,complementary set mining methods and a diverse workflow when using visual analytics to analyze complex event data.
MOBEEZE. Natural Interaction Technologies, Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence for Gait Disorders Analysis and Rehabilitation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the most common degenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Generally affecting elderly groups, it has a strong limiting effect on physical functioning and performance of roles, vitality and general perception of health. Since the disease is progressive, the patient knows he's going to get worse. The deterioration is significant not only in mobility but also in pain, social isolation, and emotional reactions. Freezing is a phenomenon associated with this disease and it is characterized by a motor disorder that leaves the patient literally stuck to the ground. Mobeeze is designed with the main objective of providing health personnel with a tool to analyse, evaluate and monitor the progress of patients’ disorders as well as the personalization and adaptation of rehabilitation sessions in patients with Parkinson's disease. Based on the characteristics measured in real time which will allow the strengthening effects of rehabilitation and help to assimilate them in the long term. The creation of Mobeeze allows the constitution of a system of analysis and evaluation of march disorders in real time, through natural interaction, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. In this project, we will analyse if these non-invasive technologies reduce the stress induced to the patient when he is feeling evaluated
A clinical and radiological study of nontraumatic coccygodynia in Indian population

Background: Nontraumatic coccygodynia is poorly understood. Dynamic radiographs help to identify a radiological lesion. This study was performed to evaluate these parameters and define a line of management. Materials and Methods: A total of 46 cases with nontraumatic coccygodynia and 46 controls who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated using dynamic radiographs between June 2015 and May 2017. Radiological parameters, such as sagittal movement of coccyx, intercoccygeal angle (ICA), base angle (BA), and angle of pelvic rotation (APR), were calculated and compared between cases and controls to identify the radiological lesion in cases. On the basis of clinico-radiological findings, a treatment algorithm for these patients was proposed. Results: A total of 46 cases and 46 controls were studied. The mean age was 41.8 years in cases and 40.6 years in controls. Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 19 to 33. Twenty-nine cases had BMI >25. Average visual analog scale score at initial presentation (6.9), at 6 weeks (4.7), and final follow-up (3.9) was noted. ICA ranged from 1° to 21° (mean 11.12°). BA ranged from 0° to 83° (mean 41.41°). APR ranged from 2° to 33° (mean 14.74°). Twenty-seven patients had a good relief with local hydrocortisone injection and manipulation, whereas nine cases needed coccygectomy. Conclusion: Dynamic radiographs help in defining the radiological parameters and planning treatment. The sagittal movement of extension, posterior subluxation, higher BA, and low APR are the radiological findings seen in patients of nontraumatic coccygodynia. Majority of patients respond to conservative management; however, few may need surgical intervention.
High-frequency jet ventilation: An invaluable tool for anesthesia in microlaryngoscopy with carbon dioxide laser

Airway management in laryngeal surgeries is a challenge for an anesthesiologist due to sharing of airway with a surgeon. The airway is often compromised with potential for perioperative worsening. Use of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser further narrows the choice of airway device as conventional endotracheal tubes are combustible by CO2 laser. High-frequency jet ventilator is an invaluable tool in anesthetic armamentarium. Apart from laser safety, it offers a nearly tubeless field for the surgeon to excise airway lesions. Careful patient selection, total intravenous anesthesia, and judicious use of anesthetic and vasoactive agents to minimize pressor response are the factors contributing to successful outcome.
Managing a side effect: Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Cyclophosphamide is a nonphase-specific cytotoxic agent that can kill cells at any phase of the cell cycle. The drug is metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 microsomal enzymes, which results in the formation of the active metabolites phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. It is the acrolein which is responsible for hemorrhagic cystitis as a complication of cyclophosphamide therapy. An early diagnosis and prompt management holds the key in its management.
The association of financial difficulties and out-of-pocket payments with health-related quality of life among breast, prostate and colorectal cancer patients

Abstract Objectives: Financial difficulties experienced by cancer patients may affect their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study assessed the direct economic burden that out-of-pocket (OOP) payments cause and explored how they and financial difficulties are associated with HRQoL. Methods: This is a cross-sectional registry and survey study of 1978 cancer patients having either prostate (630), breast (840) or colorectal cancer (508) treated in Finland. The patients were divided into five groups according to the stage of their disease: primary treatment, rehabilitation, remission, metastatic disease and palliative care. The cost data and OOP payments were retrieved from primary and secondary healthcare registries, the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, and a patient questionnaire. HRQoL was measured by 15D, EQ-5D-3L and by EORTC-QLQ-C30. Financial difficulties were evaluated based on patients’ self-assessment in the EORTC-QLQ-C30 four-level question about financial difficulties. A path analysis was used to explore the relationship between clinical and demographic factors, HRQoL, OOP payments and financial difficulties. Results: The highest OOP payments were caused by outpatient medication. Total costs and OOP payments were highest in the palliative care group in which the OOP payments consisted mostly of outpatient medication and public sector specialist care. Private sector health care was an important item of OOP payments in the early stages of cancer. Financial difficulties increased together with OOP payments. HRQoL deteriorated the more a person had financial difficulties. In the path analysis, financial difficulties had a major negative direct and total effect on the HRQoL. Factors that attenuated financial difficulties were age, cohabiting and higher education and factors that increased them were OOP payments, total costs of healthcare use, and unemployment. Conclusions: High OOP payments are related to financial difficulties, which have a negative effect on HRQoL. Outpatient medication was a major driver of OOP payments. Among palliative patients, the economic burden was highest and associated with impaired HRQoL.
Lead Toxicity from Retained Bullet Fragments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Firearm injury remains a public health epidemic in the United States. A large proportion of individuals with gunshot wounds subsequently have retained bullet fragments (RBF). There are no standard medical guidelines regarding bullet removal and the full extent of the consequences of RBF remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is an association among RBF, elevated blood lead levels (BLL) and lead toxicity in survivors of firearm injury aged 16 years and older. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Sociological Abstracts electronic databases were searched for all randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies published in the English language between 1988 and 2018. Quality assessment and risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. RESULTS The search yielded 2,012 articles after removal of duplicates. Twelve were included after full article review. Eleven studies supported an association between elevated BLL and RBF. Bony fractures were associated with increased risk of elevated BLL in three studies. A positive relationship between BLL and the number of RBF was also shown in three studies, with one study demonstrating 25.6% increase in BLL for every natural-log increase in RBF (1-228, p < 0.01). Meta-analysis demonstrated BLL significantly higher in individuals with RBF as compared to controls (5.47 ug/dL, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Patients with bony fractures or multiple RBF, who are at higher risk of elevated BLL, should be monitored for BLL in intervals of 3 months within the first year of injury. For patients who return with BLL above 5 ug/dL, all efforts must be undertaken to remove fragments if there is no potential to worsen the injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Systematic Review, I-IVRegistration Number: PROSPERO: CRD42018100689.
Cognitive vs. generative construction grammar: The case of coercion and argument structure

Abstract One of the most salient hallmarks of construction grammar is its approach to argument structure and coercion: rather than positing many different verb senses in the lexicon, the same lexical construction may freely interact with multiple argument structure constructions. This view has however been criticized from within the construction grammar movement for leading to overgeneration. This paper argues that this criticism falls flat for two reasons: (1) lexicalism, which is the alternative solution proposed by the critics, has already been proven to overgenerate itself, and (2) the argument of overgeneration becomes void if grammar is implemented as a problem-solving model rather than as a generative competence model; a claim that the paper substantiates through a computational operationalization of argument structure and coercion in Fluid Construction Grammar. The paper thus shows that the current debate on argument structure is hiding a much more fundamental rift between practitioners of construction grammar that touches upon the role of grammar itself.
Leiharbeit im Profifußball – Sind ausgeliehene Bundesligaspieler stärker motiviert? / Labour Leasing in Professional Football – Are Temporary Players More Ambitious?

Zusammenfassung Bisherige Studien zur Leiharbeit haben sich primär mit den Arbeitsbedingungen sowie den strategischen Einsatzgründen der Leiharbeit befasst. In diesem Beitrag wird versucht, erste Erkenntnisse zum Leistungsverhalten von verliehenen Arbeitnehmern zu erhalten. Der Arbeitsmarkt für Profifußballer bietet sich für dieses Forschungsvorhaben besonders an, da die Leistungen der Spieler beobachtbar sind. Dieser beispielhafte Markt weist gewisse Analogien zu konventionellen Arbeitsmärkten auf. So schafft die durch eine Entleihung entstehende Unsicherheitssituation Anreize für entliehene Spieler, ihr Leistungsniveau in den Entleihperioden zu erhöhen. Es zeigt sich empirisch, dass Leihspieler in Leihspielzeiten ein höheres Anstrengungsniveau aufweisen und dieses anschließend in langfristigeren Beschäftigungsverhältnissen nicht halten können. Neben der Leistungsentwicklung von Leiharbeitnehmern werden ebenfalls Einflussfaktoren auf das Verleihverhalten von Bundesligavereinen analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass insbesondere Änderungen der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen Einfluss auf die Verleihentscheidungen haben. Abstract Previous studies on labour leasing have focused primarily on working conditions of temporary workers and on the strategic decision of employing them. This paper tries to gain first insights into the performance of temporary workers. The labour market for professional football players is especially suited for this kind of research due to the observability of the players’ performance. This exemplary market has certain analogies to conventional labour markets. Uncertainty caused by the labour leasing creates incentives for temporary players to increase their performance levels in the periods of their leasing. Empirically, temporary players exhibit higher levels of effort when they are leased, which they cannot reproduce in a following long-term employment. In addition to the performance development, factors influencing the leasing behaviour of the Bundesliga clubs are analysed. It can be shown that specific modifications of the institutional framework influence the leasing decisions.
The Interdependence of Immigration Restrictions and Expropriation Risk

Abstract Factor price differences create economic incentives for migration to industrialized countries and for capital flows to developing countries. However, immigration restrictions and capital expropriation risks impede factor flows. Using a political-economy approach that takes into account different generations’ conflicting attitudes toward immigration and expropriation, we explore how these restrictions interact. Then, we run two separate country fixed regressions to explore the interdependence of policies empirically. The results from our theoretical model are borne out by the data: We find a positive relationship between emigration and foreign investors’ perceived security of property rights in developing countries and a negative relationship between the US foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows to developing countries and the share of US green cards granted to natives from the respective countries. Based on our analyses, we conclude that the key to lowering mobility barriers is not simply a quid pro quo.
Algorithmic Value: Cultural Encoding, Textuality, and the Myth of “Source Code”

In this article, I provide a Spivakian analysis of computational algorithms. Building upon Gayatri Spivak’s claim that the value coding of late capitalism extends beyond the economic realm to the cultural and affective, I show that it seeps into the algorithmic as well. The recent proliferation of algorithmic applications has been met by an increased scholarly interest in their underlying mechanisms. Several critics of predictive algorithms, for instance, proceed as though the racial and gender discrimination that a given algorithm enacts upon execution can be positively attributed to -- and mitigated through a re-coding of – either its training data or its “source code. ” There is little denying that the logic of computation undergirds much of our sociality. But, as I argue in this article, to concentrate the source of an algorithm’s action in its semiotic representations is to hide and legitimize the value codings that lend these representations their efficacy. My aim in this article is two-fold. First, to show how seemingly benign investments in algorithms can reproduce, in a larger network, the exploitative value systems that manage the worth of knowledge, epistemologies, labor, and bodies. Second, to raise a question of methodology: What antitechnocratic, nonhegemonic engagements with algorithms might feminists produce that do not privilege the algorithmic as a site of intervention
Sensorimotor Training: The Parallel Intervention to Currents NeurodegenerativeDiseases Therapies

The significance of regular physical activities on health is one area that receives a rare unanimous support from the scientific community. Its beneficial impact has repercussion on most body systems such as metabolic, cognitive and musculoskeletal systems. Moreover, animal and human studies as well as professional clinicians highlighted the potential neuroprotective effects of physical activities.
Post-Somalia Syndrome: Does it Exist?

As security and peace are both standard examples of a public good, related foreign policy decisions are largely influenced by public benefits. The costs of the instruments such as of a military deployment are however mostly of a private nature. Moreover, next to the direct monetary price of military interventions, the probability of losing soldiers is also an important private cost. When the number of casualties is high, the private cost of a military intervention rises which could force policy makers not to deploy or even to withdraw troops. This potential effect is the main research question of this paper: do casualties influence future deployment decisions? The withdrawal of Western troops after the disasters in Ruanda and Somalia in the 1990s provides anecdotal evidence. Former Secretary General of the UN, Kofi-Anan, referred to this effect as the “post-Somalia syndrome” (Mays 2003). While this “post-Somalia syndrome” is often referred to as an important factor contributing to the decrease in personnel contributions to peacekeeping operations, this study is the first to our knowledge to actually test for its existence. The answer to this question is relevant for at least two reasons. From an academic point of view, this study provides more information on the much debated body-bag syndrome. If casualties do not have an effect on deployment decisions, then maybe the importance of the effect of casualties on public opinion is overestimated. For policy makers, this study sheds light on the decision making process preceding deployment.
Modeling spatial batting ability using a known covariance matrix

Abstract In baseball, heat maps, which visualize a batter’s ability across regions in and around the strike zone, play an important role in baseball commentary and scouting reports. We represent the stochastic process underlying these heat maps as a spatial Gaussian field with isotropic covariance. Spatial interpolation (kriging) relies on the assumption of a known covariance function, but in reality the parameters of the covariance are typically estimated from the data. Our simulation study, based on a known covariance function, helps to understand and explain the spatial dependence of the process and allows us to produce improved heat maps.
Determinants of Willingness to Bribe: Micro Evidence from the Educational Sector in China

Summary We use a unique dataset based on reported direct personal bribes paid by arts students in China at examinations and in the college admissions process to study willingness to bribe. We find that individual willingness to bribe depends on personal characteristics rather than on the attributes of the admissions process at different colleges and universities. The perceived level of corruption, personal attitudes towards corruption, academic attainment, and the rank of a college are significant predictors of bribery. Based on self-reporting, students from middle-income families have a higher likelihood of engaging in bribery than students from poor or rich families. There are no significant gender differences in bribing behavior. We acknowledge and seek to account for the possibility of identity-confirming expressive behavior in the survey responses.
Overlapping frontoparietal networks in response to oculomotion and traumatic autobiographical memory retrieval: implications for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

ABSTRACT Background: Oculomotor movements have been shown to aid in the retrieval of episodic memories, serving as sensory cues that engage frontoparietal brain regions to reconstruct visuospatial details of a memory. Frontoparietal brain regions not only are involved in oculomotion, but also mediate, in part, the retrieval of autobiographical episodic memories and assist in emotion regulation. Objective: We sought to investigate how oculomotion influences retrieval of traumatic memories by examining patterns of frontoparietal brain activation during autobiographical memory retrieval in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and in healthy controls. Method: Thirty-nine participants (controls, n = 19; PTSD, n = 20) recollected both neutral and traumatic/stressful autobiographical memories while cued simultaneously by horizontal and vertical oculomotor stimuli. The frontal (FEF) and supplementary (SEF) eye fields were used as seed regions for psychophysiological interaction analyses in SPM12. Results: As compared to controls, upon retrieval of a traumatic/stressful memory while also performing simultaneous horizontal eye movements, PTSD showed: i) increased SEF and FEF connectivity with the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ii) increased SEF connectivity with the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and iii) increased SEF connectivity with the right anterior insula. By contrast, as compared to PTSD, upon retrieval of a traumatic/stressful memory while also performing simultaneous horizontal eye movements, controls showed: i) increased FEF connectivity with the right posterior insula and ii) increased SEF connectivity with the precuneus. Conclusions: These findings provide a neurobiological account for how oculomotion may influence the frontoparietal cortical representation of traumatic memories. Implications for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS • Traumatic/stressful memory retrieval while performing horizontal eye movements engages frontoparietal regions involved in autobiographical memory retrieval and emotion regulation that show further connectivity with the right frontal and supplementary eye fields. • Dissociation may compromise the oculomotor frontoparietal network’s ability to recruit the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for use in top–down emotion regulation. • Oculomotion may influence the frontoparietal cortical representation of traumatic memories. • These findings may have implications for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapies.
The bank lending channel and monetary policy rules for Eurozone banks: further extensions

Abstract The monetary authorities affect macroeconomic activity through various channels of influence. This paper examines the bank lending channel, which considers how central bank actions affect the loan supply through its main indicator of policy, the real short-term interest rate. This paper employs the endogenously determined target interest rate, emanating from the European Central Bank’s monetary policy rule, to examine the operation of the bank lending channel. Furthermore, it examines whether different bank-specific characteristics affect how Eurozone banks react to monetary shocks. That is, do sounder banks react more to the monetary policy rule than less-sound banks? The paper finds evidence of an active and statistically and economically significant bank lending channel for the Eurozone between 2000 and 2009.