Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitous Computing and Scrum Software Analysis for Community Software

Ubiquitous processing has the special property when contrasted with customary desktop figuring framework. Really in ubiquitous, more computational force in the earth by utilizing any gadget everything was accessible and open. Numerous machines give the interface to the single client by concealing every one of the gadgets from the foundation. Programming Engineering has unbelievable meaning in the area of pervasive processing. There was no basic level engineering which was utilized and satisfactory for a wide range of ubiquitous figuring application. Because of less programming designing methodologies were distinguished, this was fundamental issue in the root to propose general level engineering. To reach on this objective, step was taken at exceptionally introductory level to seek out all the believable programming designing difficulties in numerous ubiquitous registering applications that were at that point grew as such. Attempt to highlight all methodologies that ever been utilized to built up the universal applications. This exploration is extremely useful in future for analysts to construct the general level engineering for the ubiquitous applications
INTRINSIC SHAPE ANALYSIS: GEODESIC PCA FOR RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS MODULO ISOMETRIC LIE GROUP ACTIONS

A general framework is laid out for principal component analysis (PCA) on quotient spaces that result from an isometric Lie group action on a complete Riemannian manifold. If the quotient is a manifold, geodesics on the quotient can be lifted to horizontal geodesics on the original manifold. Thus, PCA on a mani- fold quotient can be pulled back to the original manifold. In general, however, the quotient space may no longer carry a manifold structure. Still, horizontal geodesics can be well-defined in the general case. This allows for the concept of generalized geodesics and orthogonal projection on the quotient space as the key ingredients for PCA. Generalizing a result of Bhattacharya and Patrangenaru (2003), geodesic scores can be defined outside a null set. Building on that, an algorithmic method to perform PCA on quotient spaces based on generalized geodesics is developed. As a typical example where non-manifold quotients appear, this framework is applied to Kendall's shape spaces. In fact, this work has been motivated by an application occurring in forest biometry where the current method of Euclidean linear approx- imation is unsuitable for performing PCA. This is illustrated by a data example of individual tree stems whose Kendall shapes fall into regions of high curvature of shape space: PCs obtained by Euclidean approximation fail to reflect between-data distances and thus cannot correctly explain data variation. Similarly, for a classical archeological data set with a large spread in shape space, geodesic PCA allows new insights that have not been available under PCA by Euclidean approximation. We conclude by reporting challenges, outlooks, and possible perspectives of intrinsic shape analysis.
The Role of Fear of Negative Evaluation in Predicting Depression and Quality of Life Four Years after Bariatric Surgery in Women

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of fear of negative evaluation (FNE) in predicting psycho-social functioning (depression and quality of life (QOL)) as a function of amount of weight lost four years after weight loss surgery among women. Four years after gastric bypass surgery, female participants (N = 29) com-pleted measures of FNE, depression, and QOL via telephone. Height and weight (pre- and post-surgery) were obtained from medical charts and current primary care physicians. FNE was not related to depression or QOL among patients who lost less weight. However, FNE predicted greater depression and worse QOL among those who had lost more weight four years after surgery. Several potential explanations are explored. Regardless of why social concerns are related to mood and QOL for certain individuals post-surgery, psychosocial therapy that addresses life transitions after weight loss, with particular focus on concerns about interpersonal evaluation, might improve mental health outcomes for women after bariatric surgery.
Quantum energy exchange and refrigeration: a full-counting statistics approach

We formulate a full-counting statistics description to study energy exchange in multi-terminal junctions. Our approach applies to quantum systems that are coupled either additively or non-additively (cooperatively) to multiple reservoirs. We derive a Markovian Redfield-type equation for the counting-field dependent reduced density operator. Under the secular approximation, we confirm that the cumulant generating function satisfies the heat exchange fluctuation theorem. Our treatment thus respects the second law of thermodynamics. We exemplify our formalism on a multi-terminal two-level quantum system, and apply it to realize the smallest quantum absorption refrigerator, operating through engineered reservoirs, and achievable only through a cooperative bath interaction model.
E-mail Recordkeeping Methods and Behaviours of New Zealand Central Government Employees

Government agencies are becoming increasingly dependent on e-mail systems as communication and information transfer tools. Many e-mail messages contain information vital to the business of government, and therefore organisations need to manage the messages in accordance with managerial, legal, and democratic requirements. On a daily basis, government employees send and receive numerous e-mails and, on behalf of their organisations, make decisions about how to manage them. Although the New Zealand Public Records Act (2005) provides guidelines for records management to New Zealand government agencies, the question is what methods and behaviours are individual employees using to manage business e-mails. So far, however, there is no empirical knowledge available on how individual employees in New Zealand central government agencies manage business e-mail messages. This paper presents the findings of a recently conducted online survey examining how individual employees of New Zealand central government departments identify and manage e-mails of significant value to the business of government. The results show that employees tend to recognise e-mail as a critical tool in the workplace; however, they also tend to make decisions on identifying and managing the messages on an individual basis, rather than in compliance with organisational requirements.
Molecular substitution rate increases with latitude in butterflies: evidence for a trans‐glacial latitudinal layering of populations?

A well-documented consequence of repeated global ice ages is the negative relationship between latitude and intraspecific genetic diversity. However, little is known about additional effects of such major climatic events on population genetic structure. Here we studied the phylogeographic structure of five lycaenid butterfly species with varied ecological adaptations, sampled across a latitudinal gradient in the Holarctic region. We found a positive correlation between latitude and substitution rate of mitochondrial DNA sequences in all species investigated. We propose that this result is the signal of increased genetic drift and founder effects during post-glacial recolonization of northern populations. Given that phylogenetic branch length is the result of a cumulative process over evolutionary time, we hypothesize that a latitudinal layering of populations has generally been maintained during repeated cycles of glaciation, possibly due to a neutral spatial effect and/or local adaptive advantage. This trans-glacial latitudinal layering could be viewed as a particular case of the more general phenomenon of intraspecific structuring that is created and maintained in a fluctuating environmental gradient.
TRANSGENIC RICE AND POTATO PLANTS EXPRESSING HUMAN CYTOCHROME P450S SHOW CROSS-TOLERANCE TO HERBICIDES BY DETOXIFYING THEM

Transgenic plants expressing various species of the detoxifying enzyme, cytochrome P450 monooxigenase from mammals, were bred by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic plants metabolized exogenous chemicals, including herbicides which they were able to tolerate. Because the enzymes had broad substrate specificity, the transgenic plants showed crosstolerance to several herbicides, even though these had different modes of action and different chemical structures. Plants with cross-tolerance can be used in a herbicide rotation system, to avoid or delay the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds. The transgenic plants are also expected to reduce the environmental load of agricultural chemicals on farmland.
Secondary structure Prediction of Proteins using Deep Learning Network Approach- a Review Study

– In the recent years Machine learning techniques based on deep learning networks have shown a great promise in research community. They have been quite successful in solving problems using unsupervised learning techniques. One of the most successful deep learning methods involves artificial neural networks. Neural networks and deep learning currently provide the best solutions to many problems in image recognition, speech recognition, and natural language processing. DNNs have recently shown better results than conventional methods in some areas as they are capable of learning intermediate representations, with each layer of the network learning a slightly more abstract representation than the previous layer [16, 17]. This paper is aimed to review the recent work based on deep learning networks with an aim to understand its impact for notable improvements in the field of secondary structure prediction of proteins. The objective of this review is to motivate and facilitate deep learning studies for secondary structure prediction of proteins using deep learning networks.
Control and systems theory problems in hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI

Hyperpolarized carbon-13 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging technology for probing metabolic activity in living subjects, which promises to provide clinicians new insights into diseases such as cancer and heart failure. These experiments involve an injection of a hyperpolarized substrate, often [113C]pyruvate, which is imaged over time as it spreads throughout the subject’s body and is transformed into various metabolic products. Designing these dynamic experiments and processing the resulting data requires the integration of noisy information across temporal, spatial, and chemical dimensions, and thus provides a wealth of interesting problems from an optimization and control perspective. In this work we provide an introduction to the field of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI targeted toward researchers in control and systems theory. We then describe three challenge problems that arise in metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized substrates: the design of optimal substrate injection profiles, the design of optimal flip angle sequences, and the constrained estimation of metabolism maps from experimental data. We describe the current state of research on each of these problems, and comment on aspects that remain open. We hope that these challenge problems will serve to direct future research in control and systems theory. John Maidens Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California, Berkeley Cory Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA e-mail: maidens@eecs.berkeley. edu Murat Arcak Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California, Berkeley Cory Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA e-mail: arcak@eecs.berkeley. edu
The SLUGGS Survey: breaking degeneracies between dark matter, anisotropy and the IMF using globular cluster subpopulations in the giant elliptical NGC 5846

We study the mass and anisotropy distribution of the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5846 using stars, as well as the red and blue globular cluster (GC) subpopulations. We break degeneracies in the dynamical models by taking advantage of the different phase space distributions of the two GC subpopulations to unambiguously constrain the mass of the galaxy and the anisotropy of the GC system. Red GCs show the same spatial distribution and behaviour as the starlight, whereas blue GCs have a shallower den­ sity profile, a larger velocity dispersion and a lower kurtosis, all of which suggest a different orbital distribution. We use a dispersion–kurtosis Jeans analysis and find that the solutions of separate analyses for the two GC subpopulations overlap in the halo parameter space. The solution converges on a massive dark matter halo, consis­ tent with expectations from ΛCDM and WMAP7 cosmology in terms of virial mass (log MDM ∼ 13.3M⊙) and concentration (cvir ∼ 8). This is the first such analysis that solves the dynamics of the different GC subpopulations in a self-consistent manner. Our method improves the uncertainties on the halo parameter determination by a factor of two and opens new avenues for the use of elliptical galaxy dynamics as tests of predictions from cosmological simulations. The implied stellar mass-to-light ratio derived from the dynamical modelling is fully consistent with a Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) and rules out a bottom light IMF. The different GC subpopulations show markedly distinct orbital distributions at large radii, with red GCs having an anisotropy parameter β ∼ 0.4 outside ∼ 3Re (Re is the effective radius), and the blue GCs having β ∼ 0.15 at the same radii, while centrally (∼ 1Re) they are both isotropic. We discuss the implications of our findings within the two–phase formation scenario for early-type galaxies.
Speech Enhancement: A Bayesian Estimation Approach Using Gaussian Mixture Model

In the last few years, the use of mobile speech communication devices has increased by manifold. Mobile communication technology is providing us the mobility and flexibility to communicate irrespective of place and time. The result is that the mobile voice communication systems are often used in high acoustic background noise environment (say a person is using his mobile phone in busy railway station / street). In such circumstances speech communication suffers from lack of pleasantness and/ intelligibility. To make voice communication intelligible and pleasant in such noisy environments, we investigate new methods of enhancing background noise corrupted speech signal in this report. We consider that the noisy speech signal is recorded using a close talking microphone (like the case of a mobile phone). In this work, we use the additive model of speech degradation, where the noisy speech signal is modeled as clean speech signal mixed with statistically independent additive noise. Bayesian minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation approach is one of the most powerful estimation technique and extensively used in speech enhancement (SE). This approach requires statistical models of clean speech signal and noise. In most of the existing SE methods, noise is satisfactorily modeled using a Gaussian PDF. Various SE methods have been proposed over the last two decades differing in statistical model used for the clean speech signal. In this report, we investigate the use of Gaussian mixture (GM) density for modeling clean speech signal. Speech signal is quasi-stationary and non-Gaussian in nature. GM density is a powerful statistical model that can be used for modeling the aforementioned properties of speech signal. We propose to model the long-term average distribution of time domain clean speech samples us-
Crowdsourcing for Slovak Morphological Lexicon

We present an on-going experiment aimed at improving the results of Slovak PoS tagging by means of increasing the size of morphological lexicon that is used for training the respective tagger(s). The frequency list of out-ofvocabulary (OOV) word forms along with the tags and lemmas assigned by the guesser is manually checked, corrected and classified by students in the framework of assignments, so that valid lexical items candidates for inclusion into the morphological lexicon could be identified. We expect to improve the lexicon coverage by the most frequent proper names and foreign words, as well as to create an auxiliary lexicon containing the most frequent typos.
EFFECTS OF THE DIFFERENT MIGRATION PERIODS ON PARALLEL MULTI -SWARM PSO

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in parallel computing. In parallel computing, multiple computing resources are used simultaneously in solving a problem. There are multiple processors that will work concurrently and the program is divided into different tasks to be simultaneously solved. Recently, a considerable literature has grown up around the theme of metaheuristic algorithms. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a popular metaheuristic algorithm. The parallel comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (PCLPSO) algorithm based on PSO has multiple swarms based on the master-slave paradigm and works cooperatively and concurrently. The migration period is an important parameter in PCLPSO and affects the efficiency of the algorithm. We used the well-known benchmark functions in the experiments and analysed the performance of PCLPSO using different migration periods.
SAS 2020-2018 Time Series Feature Extraction

Feature extraction is the practice of enhancing machine learning by finding characteristics in the data that help solve a particular problem. For time series data, feature extraction can be performed using various time series analysis and decomposition techniques. In addition, features can be obtained by sequence comparison techniques such as dynamic time warping and by subsequence discovery techniques such as motif analysis. This paper surveys some of the time series feature extraction methods and demonstrates them through examples that use SAS/ETS® and SAS® Visual Forecasting software.
Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management Cues on Apparel Websites that Trigger Impulse Purchases

Research has found an upward trend in impulse buying in general, and impulse buying is frequently foreseen among mall shoppers. Impulse purchases account for over $4 billion in annual sales in the U.S. (Mogelonsky, 1998). Retailers have found that over 50 percent of mall shoppers purchase on impulse (Nichols et al., 2001). More than one third of all department store purchases were bought on impulse (Bellinger et al.,1978) which makes impulse purchases very important to a retailer’s profits.
Tsunamis as Long-Term Hazards to Coastal Groundwater Resources and Associated Water Supplies

Tsunamis are potential hazards in most of the world, (Figure 1), but risks are higher in areas associated with close and direct proximity to high seismic activity areas in marine and coastal areas, such as Indonesia, Japan, Chile, Peru, and SIDS (small island developing states) (UNISDR, 2009) (Figure 2). They generally hit in relatively limited areas: the coastal zone up to few kilometres inland from the shore. Tsunamis are short-term events, but impacts on human infrastructure and environment can be severe and enduring. Especially coastal freshwater resources, most often the source of public and private water supplies, are vulnerable to the imprint of saltwater that comes along with the tsunami flooding event. Safe, adequate, accessible, and socially acceptable water supply is of essential importance, both as a priority in the immediate aftermath of a disaster like a tsunami, but also in the longer term to ensure proper human health and prosperous livelihoods. Time horizon and severity of tsunami impacts on water resources and water supply systems depend on: magnitude and extent of the event, type of land mass hit (island vs. large mainland, low topography vs. rising coasts) and its natural protection (e.g. mangroves), population density, type and extent of freshwater resources present, and dependence on them for water supply. Often, alternative water supply solutions can be provided in the interim of a tsunami, from external sources and with external support because of the often limited geographical extent of the impacted areas. However, this is not always possible e.g. islands, and other aspects are relevant: recovery and sustainability of fundamental and primary freshwater resources, human health, optimal and efficient use of resources at any time of the disaster risk management cycle (Figure 3). Here, a distinction between groundwater and surface water systems is relevant. Groundwater systems are generally much slower in recovering due to longer internal residence times. However, since groundwater sometimes is the only freshwater resource available in coastal areas and on small islands, it is critical to assess the vulnerability and potential impacts. Since significant coastal populations around the world depend on groundwater for their water supply, either from decentralized, often small schemes and private wells, primarily in rural and peri-urban areas, or from larger centralized schemes, primarily in urban areas,
Rhapsodies on a Cat-Piano, or Johann Christian Reil and the Foundations of Romantic Psychiatry

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, a book on the treatment of insanity appeared, the analyses and prescriptions of which would help establish psychiatry as a modern discipline in Germany. The book was highly original and, even to an eye accustomed to the depths and shadows of the period, quite extraordinary. Consider, for example, the author's recommendation for treating a patient who, in constant reverie, could not fix attention on relevant external objects: the dreamer should be forced to listen to a piece played on a Katzenclavier-a cat-piano (fig. 1).
Reduction on characteristics for continuous solutions of a scalar balance law

We consider continuous solutions u to the balance equation ∂tu(t, x) + ∂x [f(u(t, x))] = g(t, x) , where f is of class C and the source term g is bounded. Continuity improves to Hölder continuity when f is uniformly convex, but it is not more regular in general. We discuss the reduction to ODEs on characteristics, mainly based on the joint works [5, 1]. We provide here local Lipschitz regularity results holding in the region where f ′(u)f ′′(u) 6= 0 and only in the simpler case of autonomous sources g = g(x), but for solutions u(t, x) which may depend on time. This corresponds to a local Lipschitz regularity result, in that region, for the system of ODEs { γ̇(t) = f ′(u(t, γ(t))) , d dt u(t, γ(t)) = g(γ(t)) .
Self-rated health as a predictor of mortality : Cross-national comparison of Canada and the United States

This study investigates differences in the predictive power of self-rated health for mortality between the United States and Canada using nationally representative longitudinal health data from each country. We discuss the social conditions that produce variations in the predictive power of self-rated health, and expect to observe substantively similar associations in both countries, but with larger effect sizes in Canada due to advantages in these social conditions. We observe that Canadians report better health than Americans throughout longitudinal observation, both among respondents who died, and a control group of matched survivors. Our analysis finds that reporting “poor” selfrated health is a significant predictor for mortality up to 12 years prior to death in both countries, and the predictive power increases with proximity to death. The relatively fewer deaths in the Canadian case-control sample reduced the precision of effect estimates, such that a model hypothesis comparison test did not permit us to infer statistically significant differences between Canadian and American effects, where differences were expected. We discuss these differences and similarities in the context of American and Canadian socio-structural conditions and institutional environments, and propose directions for future research.