Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ozone profiles in the high‐latitude stratosphere and lower mesosphere measured by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS)‐II: Comparison with other satellite sensors and ozonesondes

A solar occultation sensor, the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS)-II, measured 5890 vertical profiles of ozone concentrations in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere and of other species from January to October 2003. The measurement latitude coverage was 54–71°N and 64–88°S, which is similar to the coverage of ILAS (November 1996 to June 1997). One purpose of the ILAS-II measurements was to continue such high-latitude measurements of ozone and its related chemical species in order to help accurately determine their trends. The present paper assesses the quality of ozone data in the version 1.4 retrieval algorithm, through comparisons with results obtained from comprehensive ozonesonde measurements and four satellite-borne solar occultation sensors. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the ILAS-II ozone data agree with the other data within ±10% (in terms of the absolute difference divided by its mean value) at altitudes between 11 and 40 km, with the median coincident ILAS-II profiles being systematically up to 10% higher below 20 km and up to 10% lower between 21 and 40 km after screening possible suspicious retrievals. Above 41 km, the negative bias between the NH ILAS-II ozone data and the other data increases with increasing altitude and reaches 30% at 61–65 km. In the Southern Hemisphere, the ILAS-II ozone data agree with the other data within ±10% in the altitude range of 11–60 km, with the median coincident profiles being on average up to 10% higher below 20 km and up to 10% lower above 20 km. Considering the accuracy of the other data used for this comparative study, the version 1.4 ozone data are suitably used for quantitative analyses in the high-latitude stratosphere in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere and in the lower mesosphere in the Southern Hemisphere.
The 18S Ribosomal DNA Sequence of Strongyloides stercoralis in Iran

Background : Strongyloides stercoralis is a prevalent parasite in some rural areas in the north of Iran. We decided to investigate whether the 18S ribosomal DNA sequence of the parasite in Iran is similar to the findings of the other researchers. Methods : We collected 3514 stool samples from Gilan and Mazandaran, northern Iran, during the year 2005-2006, from which 96 were found infected with S. stercoralis . Using Bearman method filariform larvae were isolated. The larval DNA was extracted and subjected for PCR amplification and sequencing. Results : We found 2.73% S. stercoralis infection in stool examination. The partially sequence of Iranian S. stercoralis 18S rDNA gene was deposited to GenBank at accession number of EF062571 . Conclusion : The 18S rDNA sequence of S. stercoralis in Iran is very similar to the related sequences deposited in GenBank (94-93% identification).
ESTIMATING THE EFFECT OF SHEAR STRENGTH INCREMENT DUE TO ROOT ON THE STABILITY OF MAKINO BAMBOO FOREST SLOPELAND

Due to the benefit of agriculture economics, Makino bamboo (Phyllostachys Makinoi Hayata) was chosen as one of the most important species for forest plantation during 1980’s in Taiwan to control slopeland erosion and landslides. However, after the Chi-Chi (or 921) earthquake in 1999, shallow landslides frequently occurred at the Makino bamboo forest slopeland during typhoons. To investigate the shear strength characteristics of the soil-root system of Makino bamboo forest, a 3-D numerical root model consisted of a reverse T-shape rhizome roots and limit hair roots was developed according to the actual root morphology, and successfully applied to the numerical simulation of the in-situ pull-out tests of soil-root system. Meanwhile, the ultimate pullout resistance can be well correlated with the growth age, diameter at breast height and soil water content. Using the identical 3-D numerical root model to the pull-out test, a series of numerical simulations of direct shear tests were implemented and the shear strength increment of soil mass due to roots was estimated. Subsequently, a mechanical conversion model with simple mathematical form, which enables a direct transformation of the observed ultimate pull-out resistance of 2.28 to 6.12 kN into the shear strength increment of 2.83 to 36.45 kPa due to roots was proposed. The conversion model offered a convenient way to estimate the reinforcement effect of the Makino bamboo root system required for the 3-D slope stability analyses. For a Makino bamboo forest slopeland with slope angle varies from 20 to 50, the maximum increment of factor safety due to the reinforcement effect of Makino bamboo root system approximates 4.6 and the contribution of the root system to the stabilization of slopeland is not as significant as expected. Conclusively, according to the field observations, it can be inferred that the tension cracks widespread over the slopeland due to the wind loading on Bamboo culms during typhoons and the sequential infiltration of rainwater into cracks are the main factors responsible for the collapse failure of slopeland.
Elderly Norwegian Polio Survivors: Predictors of self-perceived physical and psychological health

Aims: To explore self-perceived physical and psychological health among elderly Norwegian polio survivors. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to the Norwegian Society of Polio Survivors (LFPS) and others registered with polio in the South-Eastern Norway the last five years (n=1968). A total of 1408 persons responded (72 %). Participants below age 65 years were excluded, leaving 1155 subjects, with a mean age of 72.5 years. The questionnaire covered data from the onset of polio and current demographic, physical, health-related, psychological and social variables. Lisat 11, Fatigue Severity Scale, Visual Anne-Kristine Schanke1, Lillian Vigdis Festvåg2, Geir Strømsholm3, Johan Kvalvik Stanghelle4, Per-Ola Rike5, Marianne Løvstad6 Affiliations: 1Head Psychologist, Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, Nesodden, Norway, and Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 2Physiotherapist, Research Assistant, Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, Nesodden, Norway, and National Society of Polio Survivors, LFPS, Norway; 3President of the National Society of Polio Survivors, LFPS, Norway; 4Research Director, Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, Nesodden, Norway, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 5Psychologist, Department for Evaluation, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, Nesodden, Norway; 6Psychologist, Researcher, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, Nesodden, Norway, and Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Corresponding Author: Anne-Kristine Schanke, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyrveien 11, State: Bjørnemyr, Norway 1453, Email: anne-kristine.schanke@sunnaas. no Received: 21 March 2018 Accepted: 13 June 2018 Published: 19 July 2018 Analog Pain Scale and the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) were also included. Results: Concomitant diseases, use of wheelchair, pain and fatigue and a negative perception of the future were associated with unsatisfactory physical health, while feeling psychologically harmed by early treatment and the RSA Factor Perception of self predicted psychological health. Polio survivors demonstrated a capacity for resilience, as they largely reported RSA-scores comparable with young healthy controls. Conclusion: Polio survivors represent a pioneer generation of disabled, who have experienced multiple adversities, longstanding disabilities and physical decline. They still need professionals with expertise on aging with polio and an understanding for the challenges they have experienced.
Compact dual-band double-negative metamaterial design based on the combination of electric and magnetic resonators

In this paper, the design of planar, double-negative metamaterials using electric and magnetic resonators is presented. The effective parameters of the proposed structures are extracted from the transmission and reflection coefficients by employing the Kramers-Kronig relations to solve the branch problem in the de- termination of the effective refractive index. Finally, the application of the proposed idea in the design of new multi-band, enhanced double-negative bandwidth or tunable metamaterials is explored. Recently, electric ring resonators (ERRs) have been introduced for the design of epsilon-negative (ENG) metamaterials, as the electric equivalent of the SRRs (5). These resonators possess an even number of conductive loops, due to their geometrical symmetry; hence their primary resonance is of electrical nature. Using the ERRs as an alternative to thin wires in the synthesis of DNG metamaterials offers feasible solu- tions to the aforementioned issues, whereas scalability can be exploited for applications virtually at every fre- quency range from microwave to visible. Furthermore, ERRs can be used as the basis for tunable materials. In this paper, a novel compact DNG medium is developed, by imprinting ERRs and SRRs on both sides of a dielectric slab. The effective parameters of our configuration are extracted with the S-parameter retrieval technique, while the Kramers-Kronig relations are employed for uniquely determining the effective refractive index (6-9). Finally, the proposed concept is extended in the design of a dual-band DNG metama- terial, to reveal its principal merits in designing advanced microwave components for various applications.
Effect of antibiotic ceftriaxone on elimination of ABI and GV3101 strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

I. R. Gorbatyuk, I. S. Gnatyuk, M. A. Bannikova © 2015 I. R. Gorbatyuk et al.; Published by the Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine on behalf of Biopolymers and Cell. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited UDC 577.181. 5:602.64
A new species of Encarsia (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) developing on ficus whitefly Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae) in China and Taiwan

Encarsia singhiellae Polaszek & Shih, sp. n. , is described and illustrated. It is known so far from Taiwanand China. All specimens were reared from the ficus, or fig, whitefly Singhiella simplex (Singh), an Asian species recently attaining pest status in California, Colombia, and Florida.
Getting the big picture: supporting comprehension and learning in search

position paper contributes to the development of a research agenda on searching as an informal learning process by applying an established theory of comprehension and learning to the problem of web search. We present a conceptual framework for searching as learning based upon Kintsch's (10) Con struction- Integration Model of text comprehension. Drawing upon this model, we identify and provide a rationale for a nu mber of user and content factors that are likely to be associate d with learning while searching: prior knowledge, motivation, knowledge actualization and text coherence. Some implication s for the design of web search systems are described.
SUMMARY RESULTS OF A NOVEL SINGLE SCREW COMPOUNDER

A novel single screw mixer is described having multiple elongational flow fields, upstream axial mixing, and thin film degassing. SEMs show high magnification examples of mixing including a PS/PE immiscible polymer blend, ceramic nano particles, and discrete carbon nano tubes. Novel degassing over the mixer is cited using three vents in a 36/1 L/D single screw to process undried PETG.
Milne Fiord Epishelf Lake: A Coastal Arctic Ecosystem Vulnerable to Climate Change

Abstract: Milne Fiord in the Canadian High Arctic contains the last known ice-dammed fiord lake (epishelf lake) in the Northern Hemisphere. This freshwater ecosystem is retained by the Milne Ice Shelf and is underlain by sea water that is connected to the Arctic Ocean. Using microscopy, photosynthetic pigment analyses, and molecular techniques we examined the planktonic communities present in Milne Fiord to determine the biotic characteristics of the epishelf lake and the sea water below. Net sampling of the water column of Milne Fiord revealed a mixture of marine, freshwater, and brackish Zooplankton taxa, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment analysis showed pronounced differences in phytoplankton composition through the highly stratified water column. Chlorophytes dominated in the epishelf lake, prasinophytes prevailed in the halocline, and the bottom layer harboured mainly fucoxanthin-containing groups. Clone libraries of a dark-incubated, concentrated sample from below the halocline (30 m depth) yielded marine Archaea (mainly Crenarchaeota) and known bacterial taxa from the Pacific and Arctic oceans (e.g., Roseobacter, Oleispira, Colwellia). An equivalent sample from the epishelf lake (5 m depth) yielded many bacterial taxa that are characteristic of cold, freshwater habitats (e.g., Polynucleobacter, Variovorax, Flavobacterium), the euryhaline genus Polaromonas, and freshwater eukaryotes, notably ciliates. Similarly, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of T4-like bacteriophages showed different viral assemblages in the upper and lower water column. This diverse, stratified ecosystem is dependent on the integrity of the bounding ice shelf and is therefore vulnerable to the ongoing effects of climate change in this region.
Agent behavior monitoring using optimal action selection and twin gaussian processes

The increasing trend towards delegating complex tasks to autonomous artificial agents in safety-critical socio-technical systems makes agent behavior monitoring of paramount importance. In this work, a probabilistic approach for on-line monitoring using optimal action selection and twin Gaussian processes (TGP) is proposed. A Kullback-Leibler (KL) based metric is proposed to characterize the deviation of an agent behavior (modeled as a controlled stochastic process) to its specification. The optimal behavior specification is obtained using Linearly Solvable Markov Decision Processes (LSMDP) whereby the Bellman equation is made linear through an exponential transformation such that the optimal control policy is obtained in an explicit form.
Integrating sustainability into Business Education teacher training

Businesses are increasingly coming under scrutiny from stakeholders who expect them to report how they protect the environment, how they guarantee no human and labour violations in their value chain, and how they function on ethical business principles. Businesses are trying to adjust to these changing environments for the betterment of society and the planet while still concentrating on profit. The same awareness and inquiry would be expected from business education student teachers who teach business principles and business operations. This study, which was conducted at three universities, describes the perspectives and sustainability virtues of pre-service business education teachers who attended a workshop aimed at integrating sustainability in their teacher training curriculum. A qualitative framework was adopted using three methods: focus-group discussions, reflection based on a video recording and a critical analysis of the curriculum. Findings suggest that incremental shifts in critical self-awareness of business education pre-service teachers occurred. A business education and education for sustainability synthesis is recommended and provided as a conceptual framework in this study. This synthesis can be a useful place to start to elicit critical self-awareness when pre-service teachers have to deal with the complex mix of the five types of learning, namely disciplinary, situational, practical, fundamental and pedagogical learning. Keywords : business education, curriculum design, curriculum development, business economics education, education for sustainability, environmental education, sustainability, sustainable development, teacher education, teacher training
Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Measurement Inaccuracy: A Comparative Analysis of the Role of Occupation and Attire

Objectives: White coat hypertension (WCH) is defined as high blood pressure (BP) when measured by health care providers in medical environments, but normal BP in other settings. In this study, we examine the effects of occupation and attire on the accuracy of BP readings and WCH. Methods: 50 individuals were recruited and had their BP assessed twice by a cardiologist, a cardiac nurse, and a cardiovascular technician, once wearing a white lab coat, and once without, in random order. All individuals underwent a 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). The mean of the daytime measurements of the ABPM served as the control. Results: Compared to the ABPM, the cardiologist recorded a 23.7 mm Hg higher systolic BP reading wearing a white coat and 13.3 mmHg without a white coat (p<0.0001). The cardiac nurse recorded a 14.2 mmHg higher reading with a white coat and 5.7 mmHg without a white coat (p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between the measurements of the cardiovascular technician and the ABPM with a white coat, 2.8 mmHg, or without a white coat, -1.8 mmHg. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the incidence of WCH and BP measurement inaccuracy occurs more frequently when assessed by a cardiologist or nurse than when assessed by a cardiovascular technician. Wearing a white coat aggravates blood pressure measurement inaccuracy. It may be advisable for healthcare providers to avoid wearing white lab coats or attire that identifies their occupation when measuring blood pressure.
In vitro study of the desorption kinetic of doxycycline and tetracycline incorporated into collagen controlled released device (CRDs)

Two demineralized bovine bone membranes after cleaning and cutting into appropriated size, incorporated with doxycycline (DOX) and tetracycline (TET)were evaluated as controlled drug delivery devices and. The complete release time was 96 h (15 days) with a quick release in the first 12 h, decreasing exponentially to zero when it reaches 96 h. The release system fits in a pseudo second order kinetic model allowing the calculation of relevant parameters such as the initial release kinetics of the drug (h) with values ​​of 0.228 µg g-1 h-1 for DOX and 0.625 µg g-1h-1 for TET, and a release rate constant (k) 37.66 g mg-1 h-1 for DOX and 43.03 g mg-1h-1for TET. The amount released by TET is higher than for the DOX in all the periods analyzed, but with the same desorption profile although any additional treatment on the membranes surface has been made. Both systems can be characterized as a controlled release device, due to their effective retention even long time after the start of experiment. Its use incorporated with antimicrobials agents is an important tool as physical barrier in periodontal regeneration to help combat periodontal pathogens and modulate the inflammatory response of the host, limiting tissue destruction. Key words: Desorption kinetic, doxycycline, tetracycline, membranes, collagen and drug delivery.
Parental Separation and Children's Educational Attainment: A Siblings Analysis on Swedish Register Data

This paper analyses whether the commonly found negative relationship between parental separation in childhood and educational outcomes is causal or due mainly to selection. We use data on about 100,000 Swedish full biological siblings, born in 1948-63, and perform cross-section and sibling-difference estimations. Outcomes are measured as educational attainment in 1996. Our cross-section analysis shows the expected negative and significant relationship, while the relationship is not significant, though precisely estimated, in the sibling-difference analysis. This finding was robust to the sensitivity tests performed and is consistent with selection, rather than causation, being the explanation for the negative relationship. Copyright (c) The London School of Economics and Political Science 2006.
DIRECT HPLC ANALYSIS OF QUERCETIN IN EXUDATES OF ABUTILON INDICUM (LINN). MALVACEAE

Quercetin, one of the most abundant natural flavonoids, presents in daily food. Quercetin is of interest because of its pharmacological function. The isolation and purification of Quercetin in the dried leaves and flowers of Abutilon indicum (Malvaceae) is developed. A simplified method for the detection of flavonoids was also developed using Reversed -Phase HPLC. Concentration of quercetin in Abutilon indicum leaves and Flowers was calculated based on calibration curve.
Observations from Square Array Resistivity Response Over Ezimo Coal Field, Southeastern Nigeria

The response of the coal seam within the Mamu Formation has been studied at Ezimo in the Anambra Basin using electrical resistivity method utilizing the square array. Apparent resistivity data obtained with the square array can be interpreted using methods for Schlumberger soundings. This is done by translating apparent resistivity data obtained from the square array to those of equivalent Schlumberger array. Sounding data was interpreted using the conventional curve matching and computer iteration method. The presence of the coal seam is characterized by high resistivity values ranging from 4900-9059 Ωm with respect to the background resistivity of the shale, sandy shale and sandstone of the Mamu Formation, which is between 74-3212 Ωm. Depths to coal from the soundings is not uniform but ranges from a depth of 20 to 201.6 m. The non uniformity in depth to coal is attributed to the surface elevation; the coal seam is deeper in regions where elevation is higher. The results were correlated with drilling records of the study area and were found to be consistent.
Annual Grasses and Johnsongrass

Glufosinate controls a broad spectrum of weeds in glufosinate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Control of grassy weeds, however, can sometimes be inadequate, especially when grasses are large or growing under dry conditions. In situations where less than adequate control of grasses by glufosinate alone is anticipated, growers may consider mixing a postemergence graminicide with glufosinate. Most herbicides mixed with graminicides antagonize grass control. Research was conducted in North Carolina to determine the potential for antagonism with mixtures of glufosinate and four postemergence graminicides and to determine if antagonism could be alleviated by increasing the rate of graminicide in mixtures, by adding ammonium sulfate to mixtures, or by applying glufosinate and graminicides sequentially. Antagonism was noted on johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. ] and on mixtures of annual grasses, broadleaf signalgrass [Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash], fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. ], and large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. ], when glufosinate was mixed with clethodim, fluazifop-P, quizalofop-P, or sethoxydim. Antagonism was not alleviated by increasing the graminicide rate in the mixture by 50% or by including ammonium sulfate in the mixture. Antagonism was not observed when graminicides were applied 3 or more days before glufosinate or 5 or more days after glufosinate.