Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New ideas for knowledge management in product development projects

Complex product development projects require the handling of information/knowledge from three domains. While product and project related information is at least formally modelled, design process knowledge is usually not captured at all. The article shows different approaches to manage this specific knowledge and describes the new software tool "The Semaril". "The Semaril" is based on the principle of semantic nets, in which different entries can be linked by user-defined relations one to another. The use of the tool during a design process will be shown in a particular example.
The potential of some insect growth regulators in housefly (Musca domestica) control

that reached 0.6–2% in the susceptible strain SRS/WHO and 1.1–1% in the wild population of housefly REKe. Field experiments included the testing of preparations Dimilin 25 WP (a.i. diflubenzuron) and Neporex 2 SG (a.i. cyromazine) and their effect on the abundance of flies over 10 weeks. The first marked decrease (by 70–87%) in the number of flies in animal houses was observed 4–5 weeks after treatment with diflubenzuron. Cyromazine caused marked reduction (74–81%) in fly populations in weeks 5–6. Up to the 10th week of the experiment, flies were reduced by 71–82% with diflubenzuron and by 65–83% with cyromazin when compared with flies in the control houses. Methoprene affected most of the 3 rd instar larvae ensuring 100% mortality in the susceptible strain SRS/WHO and 99.5% mortality in the wild population of housefly. The most pronounced effect of pyriproxyfen was recorded after its topical application to white pupae. Their mortality reached 87.2% on average in the susceptible strain SRS/WHO and 84.3% in the wild population of housefly REKe. In field conditions the most pronounced reduction in flies was observed in weeks 4 to 6. The number of flies was reduced by 45–61%. In the remaining weeks, only low reduction of flies (by 5–41%) was found after treatment by pyriproxyfen.
Silage quality of six sorghum cultivars for sheep

The objective of this work was to evaluate the silage quality, fermentation profile, intake, and digestibility of six sorghum cultivars for sheep feeding. 'SF 15', 'IPA 2502', 'BRS 655', 'BR 601', 'BRS 506', and 'Sudão' were cultivated in randomized complete block designs with five replicates, harvested, and ensiled when plants reached the soft-dough grain stage. Silage quality was determined in laboratory silos. Intake and apparent digestibility were determined during 22 days, using 24 Santa Inês lambs (35.5±2.21 kg) randomly distributed in the treatments. Silage from 'IPA 2502' had the lowest contents of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber; the highest nonfibrous carbohydrate and total digestible nutrient contents; and the greatest dry matter degradability. Silages from 'BR 601' and 'BRS 506' showed the highest values of crude protein, whereas those of 'SF 15' and 'Sudão' had the highest levels of fibrous fractions. Lambs fed silage from 'IPA 2502' consumed more dry matter and nonfibrous carbohydrates, and their crude protein digestibility was also greater than that from the consumption of other cultivar silages. 'IPA 2502' stands out for its nutritional characteristics, which resulted in better animal performance.
Twisted lattice supersymmetry and applications to AdS/CFT

I review recent approaches to constructing supersymmetric lattice theories focusing in particular on the concept of topological twisting. The latter technique is shown to expose a nilpotent, scalar supersymmetry which can be implemented exactly in the lattice theory. Using these ideas a lattice action for N = 4 super Yang-Mills in four dimensions can be written down which is gauge invariant, free of fermion doublers and respects one out of a total of 16 continuum supersymmetries. It is shown how these exact symmetries together with the large point group symmetry of the lattice strongly constrain the possible counterterms needed to renormalize the theory and hence determine how much residual fine tuning will be needed to restore all supersymmetries in the continuum limit. We report on progress to study these renormalization effects at one loop. We go on to give examples of applications of these supersymmetric lattice theories to explore the connections between gauge theories and gravity.
Patterns of biological nitrogen fixation during 60 000 years of forest development on volcanic soils from south-central Chile

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a key process for ecosystem development on new substrates. On young volcanic substrates, the near absence of nitrogen (N) and the presence of available phosphorus (P) in the soil should stimulate the activity of diazotrophic, N-fixing, bacteria. Our main hypothesis is that ecosystem N gain through BNF is tightly coupled to the development of progressive and maximum phases of ecosystem succession, as element contents build up. We investigated ecosystem development in a well-established 60 000-year-old chronosequence in Llaima volcano, south-central Chile. Tree basal areas and total carbon (C), N and P contents in soils showed declining trends over the millennial chronosequence following maximum values between 326 and 3470 years of succession. Maximum rates of BNF (3-6 kg N ha -1 year -1 ) were recorded in the interval from 776 to 3470 years of substrate age, partly associated with high soil C and P contents, and with the lowest denitrification rates in the chronosequence (0.17-0.42 kg N ha -1 year -1 ). Accordingly, over this time interval, there was a positive balance of gaseous N fluxes (5.7-2.8 kg N ha -1 year -1 ), which produced the lowest 15 N signal in the surface soil (δ 15 N = −4.6 ‰). In turn, the first stage of the chronosequence was characterised by low symbiotic N fixation associated with Racomitrium moss carpets (0.07 kg N ha -1 year -1 ) that did not compensate for denitrification losses (2.6 kg N ha -1 year -1 ), yielding a negative balance of N gas exchanges. At 3470 years in the chronosequence, BNF rates declined (1.04-2.3 kg N ha -1 year -1 ) and denitrification increased (1.2-2.5 kg N ha -1 year -1 ), leading to N losses and enriching the δ 15 N signal in the surface soil (−2.4 ‰). Finally, the oldest sites of the chronosequence presented BNF rates that balanced denitrification rates (1.3 kg N ha -1 year -1 ), thus supporting the hypothesis that a net nitrogen budget of zero for N gaseous fluxes characterises the
Mycorrhizal fungi increase growth and reduce transplant injury in avocado

Avocados inoculated with beneficial mycorrhizal fungi have up to a 250 percent greater growth rate than non-mllcorrhizal avocados in sterilized soil Mycorrhizal avocados resist transplant shock because of better water absorption.Avocados inoculated with beneficial mycorrhizal fungi were shown to have up to a 250 percent greater growth rate than non-mycorrhizal avocados in sterilized soil. Transplant shock in avocado seedlings may be reduced by mycorrhizal fungi.
Mapping a Research Field: Analyzing the Research Fronts in an Emerging Discipline

The mapping overlay technique described in the scientific literature to analyze scientific domains must be complemented with procedures to identify and analyze the research fronts included in the cognitive structure of the represented domain. One possibility is the use of wordcloud maps to visually represent the cognitive structure of a discipline in any thematic domain, taking advantage of its capacity for abstraction and impact on the audience to stimulate new research processes. The case described in this chapter proposes an analysis of an emerging scientific discipline by using this combination of techniques (superposition and wordcloud) to explore its possibilities and limitations.
The Determinants of the Growth Expectations of Turkish Entrepreneurs in the Way up the Entrepreneural Ladder Using Ordinal Logistic Model (OLM)

Given the increasing importance of entrepreneurship in job creation, innovation and economic growth, we try to inquire into the question of why some of the entrepreneurs and not the others expect a rapid development of their ventures. This study uses the Ordinal Logistic Model (OLM) to analyze the determinants of the growth expectations of Turkish nascent, baby and established entrepreneurs, expressed in terms of new jobs to be created within their firms. The OLM procedure allows to compute a probability distribution of growth expectations in four categories given the demographic, perceptual characteristics of these entrepreneurs, and the distinctive traits of their businesses. The data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) for the years 2006-2008 for Turkey were employed. The growth expectations of Turkish business owners are found to decrease as they mature in the entrepreneurial course. Overall, while both demographic and perceptual characteristics seem to affect firm growth expectations of nascent Turkish entrepreneurs, only demographic variables appear to influence similar expectations of baby Turkish business owners. For established Turkish entrepreneurs, firm’s size is predominantly important.
Teaching Data Mining in the Era of Big Data

The amount of data being generated and stored is growing exponentially, owed in part to the continuing advances in computer technology. These data present tremendous opportunities in data mining, a burgeoning field in computer science that focuses on the development of methods that can extract knowledge from data. Recent studies have noted the rise of data mining as a career path with increasing opportunities for graduates. These opportunities are not only available in the private sector; the U.S. government has recently invested $200 million in “big data” research. These suggest the importance for us to teach the tools and techniques that are used in this field. Data mining introduces new challenges for faculty in universities who teach courses in this area. Some of these challenges include: providing access to large real world data for students, selection of tools and languages used to learn data mining tasks, and reducing the vast pool of topics in data mining to those that are critical for success in a one-semester undergraduate course. In this paper, we address the above issues by providing faculty with important criteria that we believe have high potential for use in an undergraduate course in data mining. We first discuss a set of core topics that such a course should include. A set of practical, widely-accepted tools and languages used for data mining are summarized. We provide a list of sources for real-world datasets that can be useful for possible course assignments and projects. We conclude with a discussion of challenges that faculty should be aware of, including those that were encountered in our course, with suggestions to improve course outcomes. Our paper is based on our collective research and industry experience in data mining, and on the development of an undergraduate course in data mining that was taught for the first time in 2011.
Establishment and biological characteristics of Piedmontese cattle fibroblast line

A fibroblast line was successfully established from ear marginal tissues of Piedmontese cattle by direct culturing of explants. Biological analysis showed that the population doubling time (PDT) for reviving cells was approximately 24 h. The average viability of the cells was 96.6% before freezing and 92.7% after thawing. Isoenzyme polymorphorism of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) ruled out cross-contamination among cell lines. Karyotyping showed that the proportion of cells with chromosome number 2n = 60 was above 92%. Tests for bacteria, fungi, viruses and mycoplasmas were negative. The transfection efficiencies of pEGFP-N3, pEYFP-N1 and pDsRed1-N1 were between 7.1 and 30.8%; fluorescences were homogenously distributed throughout cytoplasm and nucleus except in some cryptomeric vesicles. Every index of the Piedmontese cattle cell line met the quality control standards of the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Key words : Piedmontese cattle, fibroblast line, biological characterization.
Combined biogeophysical and biogeochemical effects of large-scale forest cover changes in the MPI earth system model

Abstract. Afforestation and reforestation have become popular instruments of climate mitigation policy, as forests are known to store large quantities of carbon. However, they also modify the fluxes of energy, water and momentum at the land surface. Previous studies have shown that these biogeophysical effects can counteract the carbon drawdown and, in boreal latitudes, even overcompensate it due to large albedo differences between forest canopy and snow. This study investigates the role forest cover plays for global climate by conducting deforestation and afforestation experiments with the earth system model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-ESM). Complete deforestation of the tropics (18.75° S–15° N) exerts a global warming of 0.4 °C due to an increase in CO2 concentration by initially 60 ppm and a decrease in evapotranspiration in the deforested areas. In the northern latitudes (45° N–90° N), complete deforestation exerts a global cooling of 0.25 °C after 100 years, while afforestation leads to an equally large warming, despite the counteracting changes in CO2 concentration. Earlier model studies are qualitatively confirmed by these findings. As the response of temperature as well as terrestrial carbon pools is not of equal sign at every land cell, considering forests as cooling in the tropics and warming in high latitudes seems to be true only for the spatial mean, but not on a local scale.
A Method for Bridging the Gap between Business Process Models and Services

Many proposals in the literature are consensual in making business processes as the starting point of a Service-Oriented system development lifecycle. However, there is no systematic approach that can be easily applied in practice. We argue that an effective SOA approach requires an integrated view of organizational business processes, where services are explicitly related to business models components. Accomplishing these requirements is vital for bridging the gap between business needs and their supporting services. This work proposes a top-down method for service identification and analysis from business process models. Each step of the method implements a set of heuristics that are also specified. The method is presented in detail, and constitutes a systematic guide for service identification and analysis. A case study is conducted to demonstrate the use of the method in practice.
Breaking out of the academy: case studies in the impact of academic design research

As a relatively new field of scholarship, design research now confidently defines itself through distinctive academic journals, conferences and associations/societies. However, there is a tendency for the outcomes of academic design research to focus on academic endeavour, such as ways to support teaching and theoretical approaches to designing and design knowledge. This paper explores an alternative position in which the outcomes beyond the academy by making direct contributions to design practice, design innovation, design regulation, design guidelines and design technology. Whilst academic outputs inevitably result in journal publication, the most significant impact of the case studies discussed in the paper can best be described as 'non-academic' in the form of: a high visibility livery for emergency vehicles that has been adopted in the UK and beyond (design guidelines); an award-winning design tool for the Industrial Designers Society of America to standardise the language used for design representations to facilitate understanding and collaboration (design practice); an automatic braking system to reduce motorcycle traffic accidents (design technology); clothing for Great Britain’s Olympic Cycling Track Team to negate the pre-race drop in muscle temperature to enhance performance (design innovation); revisions to a United Nations regulation to increase cyclist visibility when using the rear view mirrors on large goods vehicles (design regulation). The paper concludes that the rigour, specialist in-depth knowledge and ability to view real-world problems with a fresh pair of eyes enables academic design research to have significant and far-reaching impact beyond academia.
Composition of the understory in 132 woody weed populations and implications for succession

The species composition of the understory can be a key indicator of successional trajectories in the absence of disturbance at forested sites. We surveyed species composition and percent cover in the understory of 132 closed-canopy stands of 41 woody weed species throughout New Zealand as a first step in understanding potential successional trajectories in these weed populations. Twenty-seven weed species had zero, or very few, conspecific seedlings or saplings present beneath their own canopy. Fourteen weed species had medium to high numbers of conspecific seedlings and/or saplings present. Some weed species had variable understory regeneration, with high numbers of conspecific seedlings and saplings present at some sites, but none at others. Twenty-eight weed species had native understory cover of ≥ 50% at one or more sites. Native understory cover was higher at sites close to remnants of native vegetation compared to sites distant from native vegetation. Overall, many more native than non-native species were present in woody weed understories. Melicytus ramiflorus (māhoe) was the most common native species, present at 67% of sites. At least 76 other native species were recorded at five or more sites. Our results demonstrate that (1) woody weed species vary in the extent to which they regenerate under their own canopy, and (2) closed canopy woody weed stands frequently have a predominantly native understory. Further research to determine whether the composition of the understory can be used to predict successional trajectories in woody weed populations would be valuable.
The Assurance of Learning Tool as Predictor and Criterion in Business School Admissions Decisions: New Use for an Old Standard?

The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business incorporates program assessment as an integral part of the accreditation process. Assessment tools created to meet assurance of learning standards, however, must go beyond grades and measure student learning directly. The author shows that an in-house assessment tool predicted student learning and correlated well with admissions criteria used to select students into an MBA program. Specifically, assessment exam scores from 182 MBA students correlated . 47 with their final MBA grades. The assessment exam scores themselves were also well predicted by student GMAT scores and undergraduate grades. The results show that assurance of learning assessment tools can be useful for more than just accreditation decisions.
EUCLIA—Exploring the UV/Optical Continuum Lag in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. A Model without Light Echoing

The tight interband correlation and the lag–wavelength relation among UV/optical continua of active galactic nuclei have been firmly established. They are usually understood within the widespread reprocessing scenario; however, the implied interband lags are generally too small. Furthermore, it is challenged by new evidence, such as that the X-ray reprocessing yields too much high-frequency UV/optical variation and that it fails to reproduce the observed timescale-dependent color variations among the Swift light curves of NGC 5548. In a different manner, we demonstrate that an upgraded inhomogeneous accretion disk model, whose local independent temperature fluctuations are subject to a speculated common large-scale temperature fluctuation, can intrinsically generate the tight interband correlation and lag across the UV/optical and be in nice agreement with several observational properties of NGC 5548, including the timescale-dependent color variation. The emergent lag is a result of the differential regression capability of local temperature fluctuations when responding to the large-scale fluctuation. An average speed of propagations as large as ≳15% of the speed of light may be required by this common fluctuation. Several potential physical mechanisms for such propagations are discussed. Our interesting phenomenological scenario may shed new light on comprehending the UV/optical continuum variations of active galactic nuclei.
Measuring Cell Surface Elasticity on Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli 042 Wild Type and Dispersin Mutant by Atomic Force Microscopy

Enteroaggregative Escherichi coli (EAEC) 042 is a pathogenic strain of E.coli that produces a severe diarrhea in humans. A mutant of EAEC 042 that does not produce dispersin, a cell surface protein, is not pathogenic. It has been proposed that dispersin imparts a positive charge to the bacterial cell surface allowing the bacteria to colonize on the negatively charged intestinal mucosa. However, physical properties of the bacterial cell surface, such as rigidity, may be influenced by the presence of dispersin and may contribute to pathogenicity. Using the system developed in our laboratory for mounting and imaging bacterial cells by atomic force microscopy (AFM), in liquid, on gelatin coated mica surfaces, studies were initiated to measure cell surface elasticity of both wild type EAEC 042 that produces dispersin, and the mutant that does not produce dispersin. This was accomplished using AFM force distance (FD) spectroscopy on the wild type and mutant grown in liquid or on solid medium. Images in liquid and in air of both the wild type and mutant grown in liquid and on solid media are presented. This work was done to establish a baseline for future AFM force interaction studies to determine the pathogenic role of the dispersin protein in the wild type bacteria.
A cloud-centric survey on distributed database evaluation

The database landscape has significantly evolved over the last decade and distributed databases running in the cloud moved into the focus. This evolvement challenges the already non-trivial task of selecting and deploying a distributed database system. Database evaluation frameworks aim at easing this task by guiding the database selection and deployment decision. The evaluation of databases has evolved as well, now considering not only performance evaluation but also distributed database aspects such as scalability or elasticity. This paper presents a classification for distributed database evaluation frameworks based on evaluation tiers and framework requirements with the focus on exploiting cloud computing. The classification is applied for eight well adopted evaluation frameworks. The results points out that the evaluation tiers performance, scalability, elasticity and consistency are well supported, while (cloud) resource selection and availability lack support. Further, the analysed frameworks support common database evaluation requirements in varying extend and lack the support of cloud-centric requirements.