Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Type Detection of 311 Service Requests Based on Customer Provided Descriptions

ABSTRACT The 311 phone number is for reporting non-emergency service requests (SRs) to authorities. This service is available through web, e-mail, and text message as well. Through this service, citizens would describe the issue and its location and the authorities would determine its category and the responsible unit and track the problem until it is resolved. The number of 311 SRs would amount to hundreds of thousands every year in some cities and determining the category of SRs manually is time-consuming, burdensome, and prone to human error. Additionally, these categories are not standardized across the states. In this paper, we standardize these categories across two cities and study the recurrent neural network’s ability in automatically determining the category of SRs based on the transcript of customer-provided descriptions. According to our results, the automatic categorization of these descriptions is not only faster and less cumbersome, but also more accurate than manual categorization. A close look at the mistakes made by the machine in labeling SRs revealed that in many cases either the SR’s description was insufficient to infer its category or the category identified by the machine was correct but the ground truth label assigned to that SR was incorrect.
Increased production of pyocyanin in recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS39-phzMS strain harboring the pUCP24-phzMS plasmid

PhzM and PhzS are two “core” enzymes that are necessary for conversion of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) into pyocyanin (PYO) phenazine in Gram (-) bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Apparently, the raise in copy number of their genes could increase the amount of pyocyanin phenazine in the microbe. In previous research, two genes phzM and phzS originated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS39 strain had been inserted into a Pseudomonas – Escherichia coli shutlle vector pUCP24 to generate a plasmid pUCP24-phzMS. The obtained plasmid had been transformed into P. aeruginosa PS39 strain to create the recombinant P. aeruginosa PS39-phzMS strain. In this study, pUCP24-phzMS was sequenced to verify the polycistronic expression cassette containing both phzM and phzS genes. The results demonstrated that the recombinant plasmid comprised the ori of Pseudomonas and E. coli, gentamicin resistance-cassette, and polycistronic expression cassette for expression of PhzM and PhzS. In which, both genes will be transcripted together in one mRNA strand by the regulation of Lac promoter and operator. The translation from the mRNA to the corresponding proteins will be started by binding ribosome into RBS located upstream of each gene. The nucleotide sequence of these genes were completely homologous (100%) to the submitted sequences MF673740 (phzM) and MF770713 (phzS) on the NCBI GenBank database. Result on assessing the synthesis of pyocyanin in the recombinant strain with the presence of pUCP24-phzMS plasmid showed that pyocyanin concentration in the recombinant strain increased significantly over 2 times (31.22 mg/mL) more than that in the wild strain (13.47 mg/mL). The absorbance at 360 nm of PCA from the P. aeruginosa PS39-phzMS (OD367 = 0.03) strain decreased significantly compared to the one from wild type strain (OD367 = 0.39). Therefore, the plasmid with phzM and phzS genes was proved to improve the pyocyanin biosynthesis through a better conversion of PCA phenazine into PYO via PhzM and PhzS enzymes.
Development of a T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody targeting B-cell maturation antigen for the suppression of multiple myeloma cell growth

Abstract Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy. It has emerged as one of the next possible hematological diseases amenable to immunotherapy. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is highly expressed in MM cells and is one target with the most potential for developing MM-targeting immunotherapy. Other than the FDA-approved BCMA-targeting CAR T-cell therapy, such as Abecma and CARVYKTI, T cell-engaging multi-specific antibody is another promising therapeutic modality for BCMA-targeting MM treatment. We develop a T-cell redirecting BCMA-targeting bispecific antibody (bsAb) and evaluate its anti-MM activity. Methods We first generated several clones of mouse anti-human BCMA monoclonal antibodies using DNA immunization. One of the anti-BCMA antibodies was then used to design and produce a T cell-redirecting BCMA × CD3 bsAb in CHO cells. Finally, we examined the effect of the bsAb on MM cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Results The BCMA × CD3 bsAb was designed in a FabscFv format and produced in CHO cells with good yield and purity. Moreover, the bsAb can trigger robust T cell proliferation and activation and induce efficient T cell-mediated MM cell killing in vitro. Using a MM xenograft mouse model, we demonstrate that the bsAb can effectively suppress MM cell growth in vivo. Conclusions Our results suggest that the BCMA × CD3 bsAb in the FabscFv format can efficiently inhibit MM cell growth and have promising potential to be developed into a therapeutic antibody drug for the treatment of MM.
Stress Evolution Before and After the 2021 Mw 7.3 Maduo Earthquake in Northeastern Tibet and Its Influence on Seismic Hazards

The 2021 Mw 7.3 Maduo earthquake ruptured the Kunlun Pass‐Jiangcuo fault (KPJF) in the Bayan Har Block (BHB) in northeastern Tibet. To explore the reasons behind the Maduo earthquake and the seismic hazards that followed this event in the BHB, we simulated the Coulomb stress changes before and after 2021 caused by 27 large historical earthquakes in the past centuries. We found that the Maduo earthquake was delayed for approximately 157 years because of the stress shadow resulting from fault interaction in the BHB. This stress shadow was mainly controlled by the 1937 Mw 7.5 earthquake on the Eastern Kunlun fault (EKLF) and the 1947 Mw 7.75 earthquake on the Dari fault. The stress shadow created by the Maduo earthquake covered several strike‐slip faults surrounding the Maduo earthquake rupture through negative feedback. Future seismic activity in the stress shadow zone may be delayed to a certain extent. Based on this finding, we propose that earthquakes on a fault might inhibit earthquakes on surrounding faults in parallel strike‐slip fault systems by creating a shadow zone in the BHB. This finding is important for understanding earthquake generation and migration in northeastern Tibet. It is also helpful for understanding the fault interactions in similar fault systems globally. The seismic hazards of the seismic gap to the west of the KPJF and the Maqin‐Maqu seismic gap on the EKLF increased after the Maduo earthquake. Therefore, attention should be paid to hazards prevention in these regions.
Rotational Reaction over Infected Covid-19 on Human Respiratory Tract in the Presence of Soret Effect with Hall Current

Corona virus infects the ciliated cells in the human nasal epithelium. Lung disease and diabetes are enlarged risks of severe breakdown against COVID-19. Cilia are hair-like construction enhanced from the celluloid into the pleural fluid surrounding the cell. Infection is detected in the lungs, a pleural disorder generates a Pleural Effusion. The present paper developed mathematical model intent to analyze the rotational consequence cause of COVID-19 on the human respiratory tract surrounded by the porous medium in the presence of the Soret effect with hall current under the force of the magnetic field. The respiratory tract mechanism of biological flows with the physiological process is observed. The non-dimensional governing equations are solved using the perturbation technique and the numerical computation results are exposed in the form of graphs. The effects of several parameters such as the Hartmann number, Schmidt number, Prandtl number, Soret parameter on the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are determined with their significance.
Local information interaction enhancement network for person re-identification

Abstract. Most of existing local-based person re-identification (re-ID) methods extract powerful feature representations from multiple body regions of a pedestrian. However, local-based person re-ID methods employ horizontal or grid slicing to divide pedestrian images, which can easily cause network redundancy and misalignment of pedestrian body parts. Attention mechanisms have been recently introduced to computer vision tasks to strengthen local salient features and suppress irrelevant features simultaneously. However, attention mechanisms overemphasize local salient features, which may lead to potential significant information being missed. To address the above issues, we proposed a local information interaction enhancement network (LIEN) for person re-ID. The network integrates attention mechanism with local-based strategy to achieve mutually facilitating and complementary effects. Specifically, LIEN was composed of three parts: a backbone network, a dual attention module (DAM), and a local information interaction module (LIM). DAM was used to guide the backbone network to extract the local salient information, and LIM was used to mine the potential significant information that DAM ignored by exploring the correlations between different channel-level local features. With the combination of DAM and LIM, LIEN mined the salient features while obtaining more potential effective features. In particular, the way that it extracts local features, LIEN effectively avoided pedestrian misalignment caused by uniformly dividing pedestrian images. We evaluated the performance of LIEN on public person datasets, and experimental results indicated that LIEN achieved a more advanced performance.
A Simulation Approach of Permeability Prediction for RTM Process Simulation

A simulation approach for permeability prediction is presented. Scanned images of carbon fiber fabrics are analyzed using digital image processing. With the data fabric models are set-up and based on them permeability can be simulated. Results were compared to experimental tests with a setup also developed in that work. The approach was applied to an RTM component. Good correlation between experiments and simulation was shown together with a significant speed-up using the simulation approach.
An in-depth study of substrate effect on the performance of BOD sensor type microbial fuel cell

Nowadays, instant assessment of the organic content in wastewater is an urgent requirement to reduce water pollution. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be used as effective biosensors for rapidly measuring BOD concentration of wastewater. However, wastewaters from different sources may consist of diverse chemical components, which may affect the BOD-measuring performance of MFC-type biosensors. Therefore, in this research, we tested different input substrates for the BOD sensor type MFC (MFC_BOD) to investigate their effects on the performance of the MFC. The substrates belonging to diverse groups such as carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids and some chlorinated compounds (xenobiotics) were tested at different concentrations equivalent to BOD levels from 10 to 200 mg L-1. Concurrently, we also analyzed the alteration of the bacterial community in the anode of the MFC when tested with those different substrates by using PCR-DGGE. Our results showed that the MFC_BOD could have linear current-to-BOD responses (with the respective R2 values >0.9) to more metabolizable substrates such as carbohydrates, organic acid and glycerol; while it responded less sensitively at different degrees to some amino acids (serine, threonine and methionine) and did not respond to chloroform and chlorobenzene (chlorinated compounds). PCA and bacterial community analysis results surprisingly imply that such different responses may be solely due to different bio(electro)chemical processes associated with the substrates but not due to changes in the composition of the bacterial community. The results suggest that, to enable the MFC_BOD to accurately sense the BODs of the wastewaters containing recalcitrant or toxic substrates, special procedures are required to enrich in the anode the bacterial communities acclimated to the substrates right from the beginning
Adherence of Aeromonas veronii, Shigella flexneri and Escherichia fergusonii with Microcystis-dominated bloom relates to their ability to utilize chitin

The study was undertaken to size-fractionate the bacterial population associated with Microcystis blooms of an eutrophic lake. Two bacterial cultures were isolated from the particulate-bound fraction, and biochemical tests, phylogenetic analysis and homology of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed their high similarity with Aeromonas veronii and Shigella flexneri. Another isolate with characteristics resembling Escherichia fergusonii was obtained in phytoplankton-free water samples. Since these three cultures were enriched on chitin-selective medium, their capability to utilize chitin as a sole C source was examined. The in vivo chitinase activity (as µg N‑acetyglucosamine produced min–1 mL–1 culture) was 82.1, 28.5 and 18.5 for A. veronii, S. flexneri and E. fergusonii, respectively. The corresponding N‑acetylglucosamine accumulation in medium was 421, 288 and 122 µg mL–1. There was also a gradation in growth indices in the three bacteria, which corresponded to their chitin utilization ability. Notwithstanding differences in chitinase activity, the three strains utilized almost equally the exogenous N‑acetylglucosamine. We propose that chitinase activity may have a role in affinity of the particular bacterial cell to phytoplankton extracellular polymeric substances and therefore, adherence ability.
Design Optimization of Three-Stacked Nanosheet FET From Self-Heating Effects Perspective

Self-heating effect (SHE) is a severe issue arising in the nanoscale field-effect transistors (FETs). It raises the device’s lattice temperature several degrees higher than the ambient temperature and degrades the driving current. The diamond-based dielectric material may be a promising candidate to mitigate the SHE due to its significantly larger thermal conductivity value (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}_{\mathrm{ th}}= 2000$ </tex-math></inline-formula> W.m<sup>−1</sup>.K<sup>−1</sup>) than SiO<sub>2</sub> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}_{\mathrm{ th}}= 1.4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> W.m<sup>−1</sup>.K<sup>−1</sup>). In this paper, we have investigated the potential of crystalline diamond to mitigate the SHE-induced degradation in a partially depleted silicon-on-diamond Nanosheet FET (PDSOD NSFET). The results are compared with the partially depleted silicon-on-insulator (PDSOI) NSFET. Using extensive TCAD simulations, we investigated the impact of varying the ambient temperature and nanosheet thickness on the performance metrics of PDSOD and PDSOI NSFET. Thus, our analysis reveals that PDSOD NSFET is a viable alternative to alleviate the SHE-induced thermal degradation for the same footprint area of SiO<sub>2</sub> used in PDSOI NSFET.
Station-Level Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Subway Ridership in the Seoul Metropolitan Area

This paper investigates the station-level impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on subway ridership in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. Spatial econometric models are constructed to examine the association between ridership reduction caused by the pandemic and station-level characteristics during the pandemic years 2020 and 2021. The results reveal unequal effects on station-level ridership, based on the pandemic waves, the demographics, and the economic features of pedestrian catchment areas. First, the subway system was severely disrupted by the pandemic, with significant decreases in ridership—by about 27% for each of the pandemic years—compared with the pre-pandemic year (2019). Second, the ridership reduction was sensitive to the three waves in 2020 and responded accordingly; however, it became less sensitive to the waves in 2021, indicating that subway usage was less responsive to pandemic waves during the second year of the pandemic. Third, pedestrian catchment areas with higher numbers of younger residents (in their 20s) and older residents (65 years and older), those with more businesses requiring face-to-face interactions with consumers, and stations located in the employment centers were hit the hardest in ridership reduction caused by the pandemic.
Propagating Facial Prior Knowledge for Multitask Learning in Face Super-Resolution

Existing face hallucination methods always achieve improved performance through regularizing the model with facial prior. Most of them always estimate facial prior information first and then leverage it to help the prediction of the target high-resolution face image. However, the accuracy of prior estimation is difficult to guarantee, especially for the low-resolution face image. Once the estimated prior is inaccurate or wrong, the following face super-resolution performance is unavoidably influenced. A natural question that arises: how to incorporate facial prior effectively and efficiently without prior estimation? To achieve this goal, we propose to learn facial prior knowledge at training stage, but test only with low-resolution face image, which can overcome the difficulty of estimating accurate prior. In addition, instead of estimating facial prior, we directly explore the potential of high-quality facial prior in the training phase and progressively propagate the facial prior knowledge from the teacher network (trained with the low-resolution face/high-quality facial prior and high-resolution face image pairs) to the student network (trained with the low-resolution face and high-resolution face image pairs). Quantitative and qualitative comparisons on benchmark face datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art face super-resolution methods. The source codes of the proposed method will be available at https://github.com/wcy-cs/KDFSRNet.
Lab-It Is Taking Molecular Genetics to School

The Molecular Genetics Mobile Lab or “Laboratório itinerante de Genética Molecular” (Lab-it) was funded in 2008 by Leonor Cancela to promote the learning of molecular genetics which had been introduced at that time into high school biology programms. The project aimed to introduce hands-on laboratory activities in molecular genetics to complement the theoretical concepts taught in school. These included the development of experimental protocols based on theoretical scenarios focusing on themes of forensics sciences, biomedical applications, diagnostic methods, and ecological research using basic molecular biology techniques, such as DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), electrophoresis, and restriction enzyme application. In these scenarios, the students execute all the procedures with the help of the Lab-it instructor and using the Lab-it equipment, followed by a discussion of the results with all the participants and the school teacher. These approaches help the students to consolidate the concepts of molecular biology and simultaneously promote discussions on new advances in the area and choices for university careers. In addition to practical sessions, Lab-it also promotes seminars on topics of interest to the students and teachers. Since 2008, 18 high schools have participated in the region of Algarve, averaging each year about 400 students participating in practical activities. In 2021, despite the COVID pandemic, 9 schools and 379 students were involved in Lab-it practical sessions and 99% of them considered the activity to contribute to better understanding the molecular biology methods approached in theoretical classes and expressed high interest in those sessions.
An Elliptic Curve Cryptographic System Design Architecture with Application to Distributed Simulation

- Distributed simulation, outside of the military area, necessarily operates over the internet, which implies the risk of many forms of attack. Current security systems offer limited protection because of the cost and complexity of using sufficient key length in existing public key encryption schemes. The use of the Discrete Logarithm Problem over elliptic curves defined over finite fields as a basis for trap-door based public key encryption (ECC) appears to offer improved performance with lower cost in terms of processor speed, memory requirement and processing time. This paper provides an outline of ECC and the complexities of a practical implementation of the technology. Some issues regarding choice of EC parameters, security, interoperability and performance are discussed. A proposal is made for a tool set to enable development of a broad range of elliptic function based methods, by providing the top level of required modules. This enables further development of particular encryption schemes in a structured way to meet the particular needs of the cryptographic systems designer. Such cryptographic systems may be considered suitable for supporting distributed interactive simulation, with its stringent timing requirements and particular security problems, and with special reference to mobile systems.
Cell Survival: A Functional Link to CD28 as a Costimulator for IL-2 Induction and T Critical Role of TNF Receptor Type-2 (p75)

CD28 provides important signals that lower the threshold of T cell activation, augment the production of IL-2, and promote T cell survival. The recent identiﬁcation of a second family of costimulatory molecules within the TNFR family has reshaped the “two-signal” model of T cell activation. In this study the role of p75 as a T cell costimulatory molecule in controlling cell fate during TCR/CD28-mediated stimulation was examined. We found that p75-deﬁcient T cells possess a profound defect in IL-2 production in response to TCR/CD28-mediated stimulation. Examination of key signaling intermediates revealed that TCR proximal events such as global tyrosine phosphorylation and ZAP70 phosphorylation, as well as downstream MAPK cascades are unperturbed in p75-deﬁcient T cells. In contrast, p75 is nonredundantly coupled to sustained AKT activity and NF- (cid:1) B activation in response to TCR/CD28-mediated stimulation. Moreover, p75-deﬁcient T cells possess a defect in survival during the early phase of T cell activation that is correlated with a striking defect in Bcl-x L expression. These data indicate discrete effects of p75 on the intracellular signaling milieu during T cell activation, and reveal the synergistic requirement of TCR, CD28, and p75 toward optimal IL-2 induction and T cell survival. We propose that p75 acts as one of the earliest of the identiﬁed costimulatory members of the TNFR family, and is functionally linked to CD28 for initiating and determining T cell fate during activation. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 173: 4500–4509. The ﬁnding that CD28 costimulation only led to a marginal increase in the steady-state levels of IL-2 transcript and secreted cytokine in p75-deﬁcient T cells (though leading to a substantial increase in WT cells) suggests a novel relationship between these two costimulatory molecules, and an interesting functional link between the CD28-related and TNFR families. The marginal increase demonstrates that CD28 is still functional in p75-deﬁcient T cells, and suggests that p75 provides an important contribution relative to CD28 for IL-2 production during T cell activation. The relative signaling from these two costimulatory molecules appear to converge at the level of AKT/NF- (cid:1) B as a critical integration point toward optimal IL-2 production. The cytoplasmic tail of CD28 is known to contain a binding domain for PI3K, which is immediately upstream of AKT phosphorylation. Further work is required to examine the biochemical relationship immediately proximal to these cell surface receptors.