Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early lexical development: comprehension and production

ABSTRACT Lists of the first 50 words comprehended and produced by eight infants between 0; 9 and 1; 8 were compared. Comprehension development began earlier (around 0; 9) and reached the 50-word level (age 1; 1) earlier than production development (ages 1; 0 and 1; 6 respectively) and rate of word acquisition for comprehension was twice that of production, confirming the hypothesis that comprehension precedes production for lexical development. Word-class analysis revealed differences in the proportion and type of action words in comprehension and production vocabularies. It is suggested that action is central to lexical development but is expressed differently in comprehension, where action words are used to initiate actions, and production, where non-action words accompany the child's actions.
What Am I Doing ? Robust Human Activity Detection with Smartphones Athletics & Sensing Devices

One of the most interesting areas of research with regards to HCI has been the problem of detecting what people are doing at a specific time for example, detecting whether the person is biking, walking, sleeping, etc. This could potentially help with several tasks such as detecting exercising routines a la Google Fit [1], automatically bringing up a ”cycling” UI displaying relevant information for cyclists, or turning on silent mode automatically when sleep is detected. In our project, we ingest human activity data and experiment on several different models to ultimately determine the best model.
Single Dose Methotrexate in Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy: Review of 32 Case

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of single dose intramuscular methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Material and Methods: 32 patients who matched the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Success of treatment was defined as a resolution of ectopic pregnancy without performing surgical intervention. The cases in whom the treatment was successful and those that were not were compared for b-hCG values and clinical features. Results: b-hCG at diagnosis averaged 1293.9 mIU/ml. Of the 32 patients who received methotrexate, 26 were successfully treated. 23 patients (71.8%) received a single dose of methotrexate, 3 patients (9.3%) received an additional dose of methotrexate, 6 patients (18.7%) who had failed methotrexate required surgery for cure. The success rate of single-dose methotrexate was 79.3%. Conclusion: Our study shows that single dose systemic methotrexate treatment can be used as an option in unruptured pregnancies.
Volume Estimates in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients by the Watson Equation and Bioimpedance Spectroscopy and the Impact on the Kt/Vurea calculation

Background: Accurate assessment of total body water (TBW) is essential for the evaluation of dialysis adequacy (Kt/Vurea). The Watson formula, which is recommended for the calculation of TBW, was derived in healthy volunteers thereby leading to potentially inaccurate TBW estimates in maintenance hemodialysis recipients. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) may be a robust alternative for the measurement of TBW in hemodialysis recipients. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Watson formula–derived TBW estimates as compared with TBW measured with BIS. Second, we aimed to identify the anthropometric characteristics that are most likely to generate inaccuracy when using the Watson formula to calculate TBW. Finally, we derived novel anthropometric equations for the more accurate estimation of TBW. Design and Setting: This was a cross-sectional study of prevalent in-center HD patients at St Michael’s Hospital. Patients: One hundred eighty-four hemodialysis patients (109 men and 75 women) were evaluated in this study. Measurements: Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, waist circumference, midarm circumference, and 4-site skinfold (biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac) thickness were measured; fat mass was measured using the formula by Durnin and Womersley. We measured TBW by BIS using the Body Composition Monitor (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany). Methods: We used the Bland-Altman method to calculate the difference between the TBW derived from the Watson method and the BIS. To derive new equations for TBW estimation, Pearson’s correlation coefficients between BIS-TBW (the reference test) and other variables were examined. We used the least squares regression analysis to develop parsimonious equations to predict TBW. Results: TBW values based on the Watson method had a high correlation with BIS-TBW (correlation coefficients = 0.87 and P < .001). Despite the high correlation, the Watson formula overestimated TBW by 5.1 (4.5-5.8) liters and 3.8 (3.0-4.5) liters, in men and women, respectively. Higher fat mass and waist circumference (general and abdominal obesity) were correlated with the greater TBW overestimation by the Watson formula. We created separate equations for men and women based on weight and waist circumference. Limitations: The main limitation of our study was the lack of an external validation for our novel estimating equation. Furthermore, though BIS has been validated against traditional reference standards, our assumption that it represents the “gold standard” for body compartment assessment may be flawed. Conclusions: The Watson formula generally overestimates TBW in chronic dialysis recipients, particularly in patients with the highest waist circumference. Widespread reliance on the Watson formula for derivation of TBW may lead to the underestimation of Kt/Vurea.
Objective Child Vocal Development Measurement with Naturalistic Daylong Audio Recording

Child vocal development is a subject that touches many areas. Its measurement is based mainly on subjective approaches. This study demonstrates an objective and unobtrusive measurement and monitoring approach using daylong audio recordings of the natural home environment. One purpose of this study is to explore the underlying features about child vocal development buried within the audio streams of daylong recordings using automated approaches with signal processing and pattern recognition technologies. Various child vocal development features are studied, including phonetic development features, features based on unsupervised and self-organized sound categories, features about phone sequence information, prosodic features, spectrum features and so on. We are interested in the developmental trends and the group differences of the features. Based on the developmental trends of the features, the vocalization age can be estimated. A correlation of 0.84 between the estimated vocalization age and the chronological age for children of typical development is achieved. Based on the group differences, the features can be used for childhood autism identification. 94% accuracy at equal-error rate point is achieved for this purpose. Similar to many emerging non-invasive and telemonitoring technologies in health care, this approach is believed to have great potential in child development research, clinical practice and parenting. self-organized sound category features, sound-sequence features, prosodic features and spectrum features of child vocalizations and so on. This study demonstrates the age-related child developmental trends of these behavioral features. Moreover, group differences of these behavior features among different child diagnostic groups are also demonstrated (i.e. children of typical development-TD, children with language delay but not autism-LD, and children with autism-ASD). The predicted vocalization age for TD children correlates well with the actual chronological age (0.84). The overall autism identification achieves 94% accuracy at an equal-error rate point.
Extracellular vesicles: emerging mediators of intercellular communication and tumor angiogenesis.

Rapidly expanding solid tumors demand large quantities of nutrients and oxygen. Growing tumors exploit pre-existing vessels and/or develop new vessels (vascularization) to obtain these nutrients. Vascularization is classified into two main processes, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Vasculogenesis is the formation of primitive blood vessels by endothelial progenitors, and angiogenesis encompasses the subsequent remodeling processes, including growth and migration of endothelial cells, sprouting, and stabilization of these sprouts by mural cells (1,2). Tumor cells utilize these processes to satisfy their needs and grow (tumor angiogenesis), especially under hypoxic conditions. One of the pro-angiogenic mechanisms exploited by hypoxic cancers is hypoxia-inducible transcriptional factor (HIF)-mediated signaling. Hypoxia leads to stabilization and nuclear translocation of HIF-1α, and subsequently increases transcription of pro-angiogenic genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (3). Overexpression of HIF-1α has been reported in various solid tumors including brain, bladder, breast, colorectal, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers (4,5), and increased vascularity is a hallmark of poor prognosis.
Simplified Model Reference-Based Autotuningfor Digitally Controlled SMPS

This paper presents a closed-loop self-tuning technique for digitally controlled dc-dc switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) based on proportional-integral-derivative (PID) regulators, which derives from the more general model reference autotuning techniques. After briefly discussing an open loop, model-reference based tuning technique, a closed-loop solution is presented in which a perturbation frequency generated digitally is injected into the control loop and superimposed to the duty cycle command. The tuning is performed elaborating the signals right before and right after the injection point, and adjusting the PID parameters until predefined bandwidth and phase margin targets are obtained. The proposed approach allows for a robust and repeatable tuning, mainly because of the high resolution and dynamics available at the signal injection point. Moreover, the tuning is performed maintaining the closed-loop configuration, thus ensuring voltage regulation even during the PID adjustment, this being a fundamental constraint for most electronic equipments. The proposed technique is simple from the signal processing point of view, since it requires a few integrations, multiplications and phase-shift; further simplified implementations by employing nonsinusoidal perturbation waveforms like square-wave or triangular signals are also proposed. The approach is first discussed for two-parameters PI and PD regulators, and successively extended to PID structures, for which two possible implementations are proposed. The effectiveness of the tuning approach is verified by means of computer simulations and experimental tests carried out on a digital signal processor platform interfaced with a prototype point-of-load converter. The complexity of an HDL-implementation of the tuning hardware for field programmable gate array platforms is also discussed.
Motion control of artificial bacterial flagella

Miniaturized helical swimmers we call artificial bacterial flagella (ABFs) are promising for biomedical applications, such as targeted drug delivery and cell manipulation. ABFs possess several advantageous characteristics, such as high swimming velocity and precise motion control, indicating their potential for diverse applications. The velocity and the propulsive force of ABFs can be controlled by the input frequency of the rotating magnetic field that powers them. In this paper the motion control of two types of ABF, i.e. nanobelt based ABFs (NB-ABFs) and nanowire based ABFs (NW-ABFs), is reported. For NB-ABFs the swimming behavior at frequencies near the step-out frequency is investigated. Experimental results indicate that the non-ideal swimming motion of the ABF at frequencies higher than the step-out frequency is promising for the decoupling of specified ABFs from a swarm. The NW-ABF is achieved by magnetic assembly of two bent Ni nanowires. The results show that the motion of the NW-ABF is controllable by a rotating magnetic field.
Feature selective validation (FSV) for validation of computational electromagnetics (CEM). part II- assessment of FSV performance

The feature selective validation (FSV) method has been proposed as a technique to allow the objective, quantified, comparison of data for inter alia validation of computational electromagnetics. In the companion paper "Feature selective validation for validation of computational electromagnetics. Part I-The FSV method," the method was outlined in some detail. This paper addresses two specific issues related to the implementation of the FSV method, namely "how well does it produce results that agree with visual assessment? " and "what benefit can it provide in a practical validation environment? " The first of these questions is addressed by comparing the FSV output to the results of an extensive survey of EMC engineers from several countries. The second is approached via a case study analysis
Molecular cloning of hepatitis delta virus RNA from an infected woodchuck liver: sequence, structure, and applications

cDNA prepared from the single-stranded circular RNA genome of hepatitis delta virus was cloned in lambda gt11 by using RNA from the liver of an infected woodchuck. From the sequence of overlapping clones, we assembled the full sequence of 1,679 nucleotides. The sequence indicated an exceptional ability for intramolecular base pairing, yielding a rod structure with at least 70% of the bases paired and a predicted free energy of -805 kcal (-3,368 kJ)/mol. Three of the lambda clones contained sequences that were not only expressed as fusion proteins with beta-galactosidase but were recognized by human hepatitis delta virus-specific antibody. These clones were sequenced so as to establish the reading frame of the delta antigen on the antigenomic strand. The fusion protein produced by one clone was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography and then was used to raise rabbit antibodies specific for the delta antigen.
Bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma: effect of therapy

Summary. Recent studies have demonstrated that angiogenesis has a role in haematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is characterized by inevitable relapse after standard or high‐dose chemotherapy. To study the effect of chemotherapy on bone marrow angiogenesis in patients with multiple myeloma, we used two methods to evaluate bone marrow angiogenesis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, comparing these findings with those from bone marrow obtained after standard chemotherapy. Before therapy, an increased degree of bone marrow angiogenesis and a high bone marrow plasma cell labelling index (PCLI) were predictive of poorer survival. As estimated by microvessel density (MVD), the median survivals for patients with low‐grade, intermediate‐grade and high‐grade angiogenesis were 77, 30 and 14 months respectively. After therapy, the MVD did not change significantly. However, when patients with at least a partial response were considered separately, they showed a decrease in MVD. Post‐therapy PCLI was predictive of survival, but post‐therapy MVD was not. There was good correlation between angiogenesis estimated by visual grading and that determined by MVD assessment. We conclude that the degree of bone marrow angiogenesis is a prognostic marker in patients with multiple myeloma and does not decrease significantly after therapy.
Onotology-based service discovery for intelligent Big Data analytics

Organizations utilizing advanced analytics techniques to gain real value from Big Data will grow faster than their competitors and seize new opportunities. Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) is an industry-proven way to build predictive analytics models across the enterprise. However, the manual process in CRISP-DM hinders faster decision making on real-time application for efficient data analysis. Thus, in our previous work, we presented an approach to automate the CRISP-DM process using Automatic Service Composition (ASC). Further, we proposed an ontology-based workflow generation method to automate by considering the planning stage. In this paper, we focus on discovery stage of the ASC. Here, we apply ontology based discovery method to identify candidate services for abstract tasks in workflow. We compute the degree of semantic matching for a given pair of abstract task and web service instance by applying different filters. Further, we consider clustering based discovery based method to increase the efficiency of the discovery. Experimental results show that our discovery approach works efficiently.
2 Target Corpus

Generally speaking, statistical machine translation systems would be able to attain better performance with more training sets. Unfortunately, well-organized training sets are rarely available in the real world. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on modifying the training set to obtain high accuracy for an SMT system. If the SMT system trained the translation model, the translation pair would have a low probability when there are many variations for target sentences from a single source sentence. If we decreased the number of variations for the translation pair, we could construct a superior translation model. This paper describes the effects of modification on the training corpus when consideration is given to synonymous sentence groups. We attempt three types of modification: compression of the training set, replacement of source and target sentences with a selected sentence from the synonymous sentence group, and replacement of the sentence on only one side with the selected sentence from the synonymous sentence group. As a result, we achieve improved performance with the replacement of source-side sentences.
Children of disaster in the second decade: a 17-year follow-up of Buffalo Creek survivors.

OBJECTIVE To conduct a long-term follow-up of child survivors of a devastating human-caused disaster. METHOD Child survivors (2-15) of the Buffalo Creek dam collapse, first evaluated in 1974, 2 years postdisaster, were reevaluated 17 years postdisaster when they were adults. Of the original 207 children, 99 were located and reevaluated using ratings on the Psychiatric Evaluation Form, the Impact of Event Scale, and the SCL-90 and lifetime and current diagnoses from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. RESULTS Ratings of psychiatric symptoms at the two points in time showed significant decreases in overall severity ratings and in anxiety, belligerence, somatic concerns, and agitation. A few symptoms, not present in the child sample, increased over time (substance abuse, suicidal ideation). The current rate of disaster-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was 7%, down from a postflood rate of 32%. There were no differences by age group in current psychological status; however, women evidenced more PTSD-related symptoms than did men. All current PTSD cases were women. Comparisons with similar subjects from a nonexposed community showed no differences. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that the children studied, although having shown earlier effects, had "recovered" from the event by the time of long-term follow-up.
The Drakensberg declaration on the control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Africa.

Bongani Mayosi, Kate Robertson, Jimmy Volmink, Wole Adebo, Kingsley Akinyore, Albert Amoah, Charles Bannerman, Shan Biesman-Simons, Jonathan Carapetis, Antoinette Cilliers, Patrick Commerford, Anne Croasdale, Albertino Damasceno, Jenny Dean, Michael Dean, Robert de Souza, Antonio Filipe, Chris Hugo-Hamman, Sally-Ann JurgensClur, Pierre Kombila-Koumba, Christelle Kotzenberg, John Lawrenson, Pravin Manga, Jonathan Matenga, Tshimbi Mathivha, Phindile Mntla, Ana Mocumbi, Tiny Mokone, Elijah Ogola, Samuel Omokhodion, Chapman Palweni, Adrian Pearce, Avril Salo, Baby Thomas, Kathie Walker, Charles Wiysonge, Salah Zaher
Localizing passive UHF RFID tags with wideband signals

Applications using localization of passive UHF RFID tags include, among others, indoor and assistant navigation (e.g., together with GPS), logistics, etc. This work shows a method to determine the distance between a tag and a reader by using passive UHF RFID tags and low power wideband signals. The passive UHF RFID tag is emulated through an antenna with varying load impedances. The work shown in this paper presents some first experimental results of such a ranging system.
By Inhibiting Replication, the Large Hepatitis Delta Antigen Can Indirectly Regulate Amber/W Editing and Its Own Expression

ABSTRACT Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) expresses two essential proteins with distinct functions. The small hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg-S) is expressed throughout replication and is needed to promote that process. The large form (HDAg-L) is farnesylated, is expressed only at later times via RNA editing of the amber/W site, and is required for virion assembly. When HDAg-L is artificially expressed at the onset of replication, it strongly inhibits replication. However, there is controversy concerning whether HDAg-L expressed naturally at later times as a consequence of editing and replication can similarly inhibit replication. Here, by stabilizing the predicted secondary structure downstream from the amber/W site, a replication-competent HDV mutant that exhibited levels of editing higher than those of the wild type was created. This mutant expressed elevated levels of HDAg-L early during replication, and at later times, its replication aborted prematurely. No further increase in amber/W editing was observed following the cessation of replication, indicating that editing was coupled to replication. A mutation in HDAg-L and a farnesyl transferase inhibitor were both used to abolish the ability of HDAg-L to inhibit replication. Such treatments rescued the replication defect of the overediting mutant, and even higher levels of amber/W editing resulted. It was concluded that when expressed naturally during replication, HDAg-L is able to inhibit replication and thereby inhibit amber/W editing and its own synthesis. In addition, the structure adjacent to the amber/W site is suboptimal for editing, and this creates a window of time in which replication can occur in the absence of HDAg-L.
Expression of pls, a Gene Closely Associated with the mecA Gene of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus, Prevents Bacterial Adhesion In Vitro

ABSTRACT The pls gene, coding for a large surface protein of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, was cloned from a strain which adheres poorly to several mammalian proteins. The structure of pls revealed three distinct repeat regions, one of which was a serine-aspartate repeat characteristic of the Clf-Sdr family of surface proteins in staphylococci. The lengths of the repeat regions varied in different clinical strains and could be used as epidemiological markers. pls was found to be closely associated with the mecA gene by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of SmaI-digested DNA. Apls mutant constructed by allele replacement adhered well to immobilized fibronectin and immunoglobulin G, in contrast to the parental strain, suggesting that Pls could have a role in preventing adhesion at some stages during an infection.