Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study on Occupational Therapy Students’ Perceptions of Using Keyform Maps

A keyform map is an innovative tool, derived from Rasch analyzed measures, that reveals the relationship of a client to the item challenges on an assessment to reflect more clearly what the client can and cannot do. These maps offer increased ease and efficiency when using standardized evaluation measures. Keyform map use has been studied in clinical occupational therapy practice. Their use in occupational therapy education, however, has not been studied which creates a potential gap with the untapped student stakeholder. This qualitative study examined the impacts of using keyform maps in an online course with occupational therapy students during the evaluation and intervention planning process for different client case vignettes. A constant comparative analysis revealed that students perceived keyform maps show them two themes more clearly: (1) the just right challenge that is difficult but not impossible and (2) a task hierarchy that helps efficiently prioritize and justify choices specific to the client and decisions personalized to the client. By introducing pre-service learners to keyform maps, OT educators can take a huge step forward in meeting the profession’s charge to increase efforts towards personalized measurement.
Identification of Active Bronchioalveolar Stem Cells as the Cell-of-Origin in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

While initiation is established as a critical step in tumorigenesis, the identity of the cell-of-origin for lung adenocarcinoma and the mechanism controlling susceptibility to initiation remain elusive. Here we show that lung tumor suppressor Gprc5a-knockout (KO) mice are susceptible to initiation of lung tumorigenesis. Bronchioalveolar stem cells (BASC) and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells were aberrantly expanded in Gprc5a-KO mouse lungs compared to those in wild-type (WT) mice, suggesting that Gprc5a-KO might confer susceptibility to initiation by increasing the cell of origin in mouse lungs. BASCs from Gprc5a-KO mice (KO-BASCs) exhibited significantly increased stemness and self-renewal potential and reduced differentiation capacity compared to BASCs from WT mice (WT-BASCs). AT2 cells did not possess self-renewal potential regardless of Gprc5a status. KO-BASCs expressed a stem-like gene profile with upregulated Abcg2, EGFR, and NF-κB signaling compared to WT-BASCs. Blockade of EGFR and NF-κB signaling inhibited both expansion of BASC and AT2 cells and lung tumorigenesis. Abcg2 was expressed in active KO-BASCs as well as in lung tumor cells but not in quiescent WT-BASCs or AT2 cells, supporting that lung adenocarcinoma cells are derived from Abcg2-positive KO-BASCs (active). Taken together, Gprc5a deletion leads to expansion of active BASCs via dysregulated EGFR and NF-κB signaling that confers susceptibility to initiation of lung tumorigenesis, marking Abcg2-positive BASCs as candidate cell-of-origin for lung adenocarcinoma.
Meta‐analysis of induced anti‐herbivore defence traits in plants from 647 manipulative experiments with natural and simulated herbivory

Induced anti‐herbivore defences in plants can shape ecosystem structure and functions. Since these are known to be highly variable, quantifying their sources of variation remains important to understand their eco‐evolutionary roles. We conducted meta‐analysis of 647 experiments (paired control and treatment) from 192 studies to address sources of variation in induced anti‐herbivore defensive traits. This covered different agents of herbivory (insect, mammal and clipping), studies in greenhouse and in field settings, and covered 24 types of defence traits in 163 species from 50 families across 24 angiosperm orders. We used meta‐regression models—multi‐level random‐effects (MLREs) and robust variance estimators (RVEs)—to quantify variation due to study setting, herbivore type, chemical identity, angiosperm order, volatility, fertilization, and publication year as moderator variables. There were strong indications for publication bias in favour of large effect sizes, and studies with adequate sample size and precision were rare. Strength of induction was distributed uniformly over the phylogeny of 24 angiosperm orders. Stronger effects were reported from greenhouses than in field conditions, and induction was uninfluenced by herbivore type. Volatiles showed stronger response than non‐volatiles in greenhouses for insects. Biosynthetic precursors (e.g. jasmonates) and many defensive chemicals were induced in the greenhouse, but when measured in field conditions, they were unresponsive to herbivory and appear to be constitutive. Similar to constitutive response, induced responses were also unaffected by fertilization. Direction and magnitude of induction differ greatly from previous assessments as these have also changed over time, representing natural epistemological growth. A third of the variability was explained by moderators (marginal R2: chemical identity, angiosperm order, study setting, herbivore type and publication year); another third (conditional R2) was attributed to the identity of individual studies and observations. Synthesis. Manipulative experiments reveal many intrinsic differences among defensive chemicals and traits. They suggest plants in greenhouses may respond very differently to herbivores from those in field conditions. Although biosynthetic pathways of chemical responses, their modes of action and their effects on herbivores are well‐understood, studies with greater statistical power under ecologically relevant settings are needed to discern induced and constitutive defences in how plants respond to their natural enemies
Research on optimizing spare parts support

After studying the status quo of the spare parts support optimization at home and abroad,the current popular models are classified as forecast-centered models and backorder-centered models.Taking the problem as a combination one,the classic marginal analysis method is demonstrated how to solve the combination optimization problem,and then the method of using simulation optimization is presented,in which the optimizing module is used to reduce the feasible solution space,and the simulation module is adopted to evaluate the solutions.An application example is also given to validate the simulation optimization method.
Skeleton-Based Action Recognition with Adaptive and Self-Skeleton-Based Action Recognition with Adaptive and Self-Attentive Graph Convolution Network Attentive Graph Convolution Network

—Human skeleton-based action recognition in 3D sequences is an active research area in computer vision. The dynamics of human skeletons have received less attention in terms of semantics and joints connectivity. Graph Convolution Networks (GCNs) have recently shown promising performance for this task due to their strengths in modeling the dynamics and dependencies of sequential data. The human body structures’ spatial and temporal dynamics as a graph reflects the important information for the particular activity. However, existing GCN methods do not have the adaptive and self-attentive ability towards the adjacency matrix. This paper proposes a new class of GCN, adaptive local and global context-aware, and spatiotemporal self-attentive GCN, for skeleton-based action recognition. Adaptive and Self-Attentive graph convolution neural network (ASA-GCN) is capable of focusing on the important joints and bones in each frame by using local and global adaptive graph topology. To further improve the capability, we also introduced spatial and temporal self-attention graph mechanism, with which the attention performance of our network enhanced progressively. Extensive experiments on three large-scale datasets demonstrate that the proposed model performance exceeds the state-of-the-art with a significant margin.
A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis

Cannabis is well-known for its numerous therapeutic activities, as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies primarily due to its bioactive compounds. The Cannabis industry is rapidly growing; therefore, product development and extraction methods have become crucial aspects of Cannabis research. The evaluation of the current extraction methods implemented in the Cannabis industry and scientific literature to produce consistent, reliable, and potent medicinal Cannabis extracts is prudent. Furthermore, these processes must be subjected to higher levels of scientific stringency, as Cannabis has been increasingly used for various ailments, and the Cannabis industry is receiving acceptance in different countries. We comprehensively analysed the current literature and drew a critical summary of the extraction methods implemented thus far to recover bioactive compounds from medicinal Cannabis. Moreover, this review outlines the major bioactive compounds in Cannabis, discusses critical factors affecting extraction yields, and proposes future considerations for the effective extraction of bioactive compounds from Cannabis. Overall, research on medicinal marijuana is limited, with most reports on the industrial hemp variety of Cannabis or pure isolates. We also propose the development of sustainable Cannabis extraction methods through the implementation of mathematical prediction models in future studies.
Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dietary supplements in Jordan

Purpose: To investigative the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs pertaining to dietary supplements (DS) use in Jordan. Methods: Participants were enrolled from four main cities in Jordan, viz, Amman, Zarqa, Irbid, and Mafraq, to fill a self-administered questionnaire which explored the objectives of the study. Results: Most participants (80 %) knew what DS are. The prevalence of DS use was high (62.1 %) and significantly higher among females (p = 0.004). The most commonly consumed DS among users were in the form of multivitamins (93.0 %), vitamin D (65.8 %) and vitamin C (57.6 %). About half of the participants (46.2 %) believed that DS have no side effects. The most frequent source of information for participants about DS was from non-reliable references, such as social media. Self-prescription was the most common approach by DS users for supplement intake. Finally, the common hypothesis of associating healthy habits with DS use was not found to be true among Jordanians. Conclusion: These results highlight the need to implement appropriate awareness programs for the public regarding DS benefits and hazards, and especially to advise the public not to initiate DS use without first consulting an appropriate healthcare professional.
Quercetin Reduces Lipid Accumulation in a Cell Model of NAFLD by Inhibiting De Novo Fatty Acid Synthesis through the Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 1/AMPK/PP2A Axis

Dysregulation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) has recently gained strong attention as being one of the critical factors that contribute to the assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is often diagnosed in patients with dyslipidemias and type 2 diabetes; thus, an interesting correlation can be deduced between high hematic free fatty acids and glucose excess in the DNL dysregulation. In the present study, we report that, in a cellular model of NAFLD, the coexistence of elevated glucose and FFA conditions caused the highest cellular lipid accumulation. Deepening the molecular mechanisms of the DNL dysregulation—RT-qPCR and immunoblot analysis demonstrated increased expression of mitochondrial citrate carrier (CiC), cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) involved in fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis, respectively. XBP-1, an endoplasmic reticulum stress marker, and SREBP-1 were the transcription factors connected to the DNL activation. Quercetin (Que), a flavonoid with strong antioxidant properties, and noticeably reduced the lipid accumulation and the expression of SREBP-1 and XBP-1, as well as of their lipogenic gene targets in steatotic cells. The anti-lipogenic action of Que mainly occurs through a strong phosphorylation of ACACA, which catalyzes the committing step in the DNL pathway. The high level of ACACA phosphorylation in Que-treated cells was explained by the intervention of AMPK together with the reduction of enzymatic activity of PP2A phosphatase. Overall, our findings highlight a direct anti-lipogenic effect of Que exerted through inhibition of the DNL pathway by acting on ACACA/AMPK/PP2A axis; thus, suggesting this flavonoid as a promising molecule for the NAFLD treatment.
Analyzing Dynamic Operational Conditions of Limb Prosthetic Sockets with a Mechatronics-Twin Framework

Lower limb prostheses offer a solution to restore the ambulation and self-esteem of amputees. One key component is the prosthetic socket that serves as the interface between prosthetic device and amputee stump and thereby has a wide range of impacts on efficient fitting, appropriate load transmission, operational stability, and control. For the design and optimization of a prosthetic socket, an understanding of the actual intra-socket operational conditions becomes therefore necessary. This is however a difficult task due to the inherent complexity and restricted observability of socket operation. In this study, an innovative mechatronics-twin framework that integrates advanced biomechanical models and simulations with physical prototyping and dynamic operation testing for effective exploration of operational behaviors of prosthetic sockets with amputees is proposed. Within this framework, a specific Stewart manipulator is developed to enable dynamic operation testing, in particular for a well-managed generation of dynamic intra-socket loads and behaviors that are otherwise difficult to observe or realize with the real amputees. A combination of deep learning and Bayesian Inference algorithms is then employed for analyzing the intra-socket load conditions and revealing possible anomalous.
Addition of Medicinal Plants Increases Antioxidant Activity, Color, and Anthocyanin Stability of Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) Functional Beverages

The present study investigates the effect of the addition of medicinal plants, such as lady’s mantle, lavender, rosehip, and meadowsweet, on the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and color intensity of ready-to-drink aronia nectar during pasteurization and long-term storage. Pasteurization caused a significant decrease in anthocyanin content of aronia nectar, which reduced to 20% of the initial value after four months of storage. Herbs provided different protection to aronia anthocyanins that degraded more slowly during the four-month storage compared to pasteurized control without herbs. The addition of medicinal plants enriched aronia nectar with phenolic compounds and increased its antioxidant activity by up to 52% in meadowsweet-aronia nectar. Moreover, it was accompanied by a color intensity magnification due to co-pigmentation of aronia anthocyanins and herbal phenolics. In contrast to anthocyanins, which constantly degraded during the whole period, color intensity began to stabilize after 30 days, demonstrating that co-pigmentation was progressively established during the time and rosehip provided the best stabilization of aronia nectar color. Current research demonstrates for the first time that medicinal plants such as lady’s mantle, rosehip, and especially meadowsweet can be used to increase antioxidant activity, color, and anthocyanin stability of black chokeberry functional beverages.
Fringe Benefits, Self-Selection, and the Public/Private Compensation Differential

Abstract Across developing countries, many workers strive for public sector jobs. Is this because public sector workers receive higher compensation than comparable private sector workers? This study addresses this question looking at broad measures of compensation that encompass wages as well as non-wage fringe benefits such as paid leave and access to social insurances. Using detailed labour force data for Bhutan, it combines Oaxaca type decompositions of compensation differentials into characteristics and coefficients effects with multinomial logit models for self-selection into labour force participation and the public or private sector. The study finds that public/private wage differentials are sizeable but can entirely be accounted for by observable characteristics (in particular by differences in the average educational attainment and industrial structures). A sizeable public/private differential in fringe benefits related to leave can also be accounted for by differences in observable characteristics between public and private sector workers. However, this is not the case for the differential in non-leave-related fringe benefits. Instead, differentials in non-leave-related fringe benefits are largely due to coefficients effects, strongly suggesting that preferences for public sector jobs are at least in part the result of pronounced intersectoral differentials in such benefits.
Mobile Learning and Readiness of Ongoing Foreign Language Teacher Candidates for Future Retrospective Studies

Due to technical advancements, humanity has seen a variety of sociological transformations. In historical terms, the move to sedentary life may be categorized widely into two categories: industrial society and information society. It also indicates that these changes and advances are permanent in the educational and training contexts and that the link between teaching and technology is anchored and evolving. The specific differences of each student will be taken into account in future foreign language classrooms, as well as providing them with an active role, associating their learning, and equipping teachers with technical tools. This may be accomplished by submitting the future approach to educational settings to teacher candidates. The readiness is an essential factor, as the quality of preparation of teacher candidates and technology itself. Further technical breakthroughs have affected our everyday lives, the formation of new vehicles utilized in educational contexts, and the development of new methodologies, including today’s smart tablet computers from the abacus. Today’s research reflects the need to consider the potential effects of the Covid pandemic from a broader viewpoint. According to this perspective, rather than being viewed as an event, the integration of technology into education should be seen as a process influenced by variables other than only technological development. It is critical to assess the current situation in light of the history of technology and the existing situation in the present and changes throughout time as indicators of future developments. However, the extent of current data on the usage of mobile technology, which falls under the category of mobile technology, limits the reach of a retrospective cohort study (also called a historical cohort study or with a more general name longitudinal cohort study). The purpose of this study is to present data for future Longitudinal Cohort Studies by illustrating the degree of readiness of ongoing Anadolu University, Faculty of Education German as a Foreign Language Teacher Candidates.
Applications of open innovation models in the tourist sector: Canary Islands experiences

The purpose of this article is to present some applications of open innovation methods in the Canary Islands. The authors set out to verify the hypothesis that open innovation methods can foster the growth of innovative culture in participating companies and generate new ideas and projects. The study is based on qualitative data collected through observation and during interviews with those responsible for organizing open innovation programs in the Canary Islands, closely related to the tourism sector. The authors identify benefits derived from new ideas and innovative projects, which help to generate competitive advantages. They conclude that the application of open innovation methods has stimulated innovative culture in tourism companies that have been able to develop innovative projects. Open innovation can therefore be regarded as an effective method of creating collaborative environments for different stakeholders involved in the process that can generate benefits for all parties involved.
Effect of Plant Spacing on Agronomic Performance and Fodder Quality of Four Tepary Bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) Cultivars

Tepary bean is gaining interest around the world as a dryland field crop. A two-year field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of plant spacing on the agronomic performance and fodder quality of the crop. A split-plot design was used with three replications, four cultivars (GK010, GK011, GK012, and Motsumi) were assigned to main plots, while subplots were three intrarow plant spacing (10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm). Four agronomic variables and eight chemical compositions, including in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of husk, stem, and leaf, were measured. Spacing significantly ( P < 0.05 ) influenced plant biomass, pod yield, harvest index, and seed yield, while cultivar affected only pod yield and seed yield. Plant biomass increased with plant spacing where 10 cm produced 936 kg/ha; 20 cm, 750 kg/ha; and 30 cm, 611 kg/ha for 2015–2016 while 10, 20, and 30 cm were observed for 1568 kg/ha, 1135 kg/ha, and 889 kg/ha, respectively, in 2016–2017 season. These trends are attributed to the higher plant population in the narrow row spacing. GK012 consistently outperformed other cultivars for plant biomass, pod yield, and seed yield and has a potential for further selection. Fodder nutritive qualities were not affected by cultivar, while spacing only influenced IVDMD. The three plant parts were significantly ( P < 0.05 ) different for all the nutritive qualities. Leaves had significantly ( P < 0.05 ) lower values of ADF, CF, and NDF compared to those of stem and husk an indication of relatively higher digestibility of the leaf. Acid detergent fiber (40%), neutral detergent fiber (53.65%), crude fiber (35.45%), ash content (12.29%), dry matter (93.09%), and IVDMD (70.66%) were recorded. This study revealed that tepary bean forage has good nutritional content, except for the low phosphorus level. For higher agronomic performance, tepary cultivars should be planted at a spacing of 10 cm without compromising forage quality.