Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LET’S PLAYING GAME: THE EFFECTS OF BRAND-GAME-SELF CONGRUITIES ON PLAYER'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS BRANDS IN ADVERGAMES

The purpose of this research is to examine the extent to which game-selfcongruity, brand-self congruity and brand-game congruity simultaneously affect gameplayer‟s attitude towards the advertised brand in advergame. This research extends theextant literature that asserts that the player‟s attitude towards brand is not onlyinfluenced by perceived congruity between brand and game, but it is also affected bythe player‟s self-concept and how he/she identifies him/herself to the game and thebrand. The results showed that brand-game congruity has significant effect on player‟sattitude towards the brand and perceived entertainment was found to mediate the effectof game-self congruity on player‟s attitude. Findings of this research can helpmarketers to better design and promote marketing approaches to consumers by takinggame-self and brand-self congruities into account.
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers and vitamin E on fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of hen egg yolks

The objective of this study was to develop functional eggs, by feeding hens with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (0.0 vs 1.5%) and α-tocopherol (0 vs 120 mg/kg of diet) as an antioxidant. Thirtysix 25-week-old laying hens were randomly distributed into four groups of 9 hens and maintained in individual laying cages throughout 12 weeks of experiment. They were assigned to the four commercial layer diets (2770 kcal ME/kg; 16.7% CP): 0.0% CLA, 0.0% CLA+120 mg vit. E/kg of diet, 1.5% CLA and 1.5% CLA + 120 mg vit. E/kg of diet. The laying performance, fatty acid composition (relative %) and cholesterol content of egg yolk lipids were determined. No apparent effects of dietary CLA on laying performance were observed. The rate of laying and egg production per hen were increased (P<0.01) by vitamin E. When compared to the 0.0% CLA diets, vitamin E added to the 1.5% CLA diets was more effective in increasing the rate of laying (P<0.01). Feeding the 1.5% CLA diets resulted in substantial deposition of CLA isomers (6.7%) in egg yolk lipids. Compared to the 0.0% CLA diets, the 1.5% CLA diets increased SFA (31.7 vs 51.9%; P<0.01), decreased MUFA (45.4 vs 27.3%; P<0.01) and less apparently PUFA content (21.7 vs 19.6%; P<0.01). Vitamin E had no effect on SFA, it decreased MUFA and slightly increased PUFA (P<0.01). When fed to hens in the 0.0% CLA diets, it decreased MUFA (wk 4, 8 and 12; P<0.01) and increased PUFA (wk 4; P<0.01) whereas in the 1.5% CLA diets, it decreased SFA (wk 4; P<0.05) and increased MUFA (wk 4 and 8; P<0.05). Egg cholesterol (mg per egg), was reduced (P<0.01) by both dietary supplements and the effect of vitamin E was more pronounced in the 0.0% CLA diets (P<0.01). In conclusion, vitamin E may exert alleviating effects on fatty acid composition of CLA-enriched eggs. However, the extent of these effects is negligible. Therefore, the composition of CLA-enriched eggs must be improved to consider them functional food products.
Natural hybridisation between Aphis grossulariae and Aphis schneideri: morphological evidence (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)

Morphometric analysis of 176 natural samples of A. grossulariae Kaltenbach, 1843 and A. schneideri (Borner, 1940) was performed, using 308 alate and 750 apterous viviparous females from 25 countries altogether. Morphologically intermediate specimens of presumably hybrid origin were noticed in 63 (35.79%) samples, comprising 12.67% of all apterous and 4.87% of all alate viviparae studied. 31 sample originating from 11 countries had 50% or more intermediate specimens of one or both morphs. "Rich" samples (having 4 or more specimens of the same morph) with the prevailing numbers of hybrid morphotypes were from the Netherlands, Russia (Moscow and Stavropol regions), Moldova, Turkey (Ankara) and Tajikistan (Dushanbe). Present data are discussed in the context of possible natural hybridisation between A. grossulariae and A. schneideri (see also Rakauskas, 1999a, 1999b). Canonical discrimination functions are being advocated as more powerful tools for separating between the two species when compared with single morphological characters or ratios commonly used in the keys.
Assessing parameters of physically-based models for poorly gauged basins

The possibility of using a priori information to reduce the amount of hydrological observation series data needed for the calibration of physically-based models of runoff generation has been studied. It is shown that by using measurements and runoff generation models in proxy-basins, the number of parameters requiring calibration can be limited to two toor three. Investigations were carried out using a physically- based model of runoff generation in the Kolyma and Seim river basins, Russia. The possibility of using observations from water-balance stations and experimental catchments as a priori data for assigning parameters of the models is demonstrated.
Convergence Rates Analysis of The Quadratic Penalty Method and Its Applications to Decentralized Distributed Optimization

In this paper, we study a variant of the quadratic penalty method for linearly constrained convex problems, which has already been widely used but actually lacks theoretical justification. Namely, the penalty parameter steadily increases and the penalized objective function is minimized inexactly rather than exactly, e.g., with only one step of the proximal gradient descent. For such a variant of the quadratic penalty method, we give counterexamples to show that it may not give a solution to the original constrained problem. By choosing special penalty parameters, we ensure the convergence and further establish the convergence rates of $O\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}\right)$ for the generally convex problems and $O\left(\frac{1}{K}\right)$ for strongly convex ones, where $K$ is the number of iterations. Furthermore, by adopting Nesterov's extrapolation we show that the convergence rates can be improved to $O\left(\frac{1}{K}\right)$ for the generally convex problems and $O\left(\frac{1}{K^2}\right)$ for strongly convex ones. When applied to the decentralized distributed optimization, the penalty methods studied in this paper become the widely used distributed gradient method and the fast distributed gradient method. However, due to the totally different analysis framework, we can improve their $O\left(\frac{\log K}{\sqrt{K}}\right)$ and $O\left(\frac{\log K}{K}\right)$ convergence rates to $O\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}\right)$ and $O\left(\frac{1}{K}\right)$ with fewer assumptions on the network topology for general convex problems. Using our analysis framework, we also extend the fast distributed gradient method to a communication efficient version, i.e., finding an $\varepsilon$ solution in $O\left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)$ communications and $O\left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon^{2+\delta}}\right)$ computations for the non-smooth problems, where $\delta$ is a small constant.
A Projection Algorithm for the Quasiconvex Feasibility Problem 1

In the light of Plastria’s lower subdifferential, Eremin’s projection algorithms for solving the quasiconvex feasibility problem (QFP), where related quasiconvex functions are locally Lipschitzian , but not necessarily differentiable, are extended. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is shown under some mild conditions.
Self-enhancement in Japan and America

North Americans view themselves in more positive terms than they view most other people. In the present paper, we report three studies showing that this bias is also found in Japan. For highly valued traits and abilities, Japanese students rated themselves and their best friends in more positive terms than they rated most other students (Study 1 and Study 2) and most other Japanese (Study 2). In Study 3, a sample of older Japanese displayed the same tendency when evaluating themselves and a member of their family. We discuss the theoretical importance of the findings.
A liberalised South African airline industry: Measuring airline total-factor productivity

The liberalisation of the South African airline industry through economic deregulation established competitive domestic and international markets. Sustainability of air transport, subject to these liberalisation effects, depends on efficient management information such as total-factor productivity, which necessitates comprehensive financial and operational information. Total-factor productivity in general, however, is not utilised by airlines as a key performance indicator since the measuring thereof is complex and regarded as tedious. Changes in air transport total-factor productivity can be measured in two ways. First, an index approach can be adopted that shows the proportional change in the inputs in relation to a proportional change in output. Secondly, a production function can be determined (econometric approach) that shows a change of productivity as a shift in the production curve. The research on which the article is based, exploited the theory, selection and application of an appropriate approach to determine changes of total-factor productivity of an individual airline to assist/support efficient decisionmaking by management.
Distinguishing ecological constraints from human activity in species range fragmentation: the case of Cross River gorillas

The geographic range of many species has been reduced and fragmented by human impact, and ever more species live in human‐dominated landscapes where they are confined to small and often suboptimal refuge areas. A detailed understanding of the causation of species' persistence and disappearance is crucial to inform management of which interventions are likely to be most effective. Yet this information is often not available to decision makers and may, in the worst case, lead to erroneous management decisions. To clarify whether Cross River gorilla Gorilla gorilla diehli (CRG) occurrence is restricted due to ecological constraints or human disturbance, we collected extensive field data on food availability, habitat structure, human activity and wildlife abundance, which we related to CRG occurrence. We also related spatial variation in hunting pressure to human density, household forest use and topography. Our results clearly show that CRG are currently confined to refuge areas because of ongoing detrimental human activities and not because of lack of food resources. Current hunting pressure is driven by human population pressure, accessibility and socioeconomic conditions influencing household dependence on forest. A substantial amount of ecologically suitable but currently unoccupied habitat could potentially carry a much larger CRG population. Conservation management should therefore focus on reducing hunting and disturbance of CRG. In contrast, ecological restoration would not improve CRG living conditions. Our field and analytical approach is widely applicable to the rapidly increasing number of species inhabiting heavily human‐influenced landscapes for identifying appropriate management interventions for their protection.
THE COMPLEXITY THAT THE FIRST STARS BROUGHT TO THE UNIVERSE: FRAGILITY OF METAL-ENRICHED GAS IN A RADIATION FIELD

The initial mass function (IMF) of the first (Population III) stars and Population II (Pop II) stars is poorly known due to a lack of observations of the period between recombination and reionization. In simulations of the formation of the first stars, it has been shown that, due to the limited ability of metal-free primordial gas to cool, the IMF of the first stars is a few orders of magnitude more massive than the current IMF. The transition from a high-mass IMF of the first stars to a lower-mass current IMF is thus important to understand. To study the underlying physics of this transition, we performed several simulations using the cosmological hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement code Enzo for metallicities of 10−4, 10−3, 10−2, and 10−1 Z☉. In our simulations, we include a star formation prescription that is derived from a metallicity-dependent multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) structure, an external UV radiation field, and a mechanical feedback algorithm. We also implement cosmic ray heating, photoelectric heating, and gas–dust heating/cooling, and follow the metal enrichment of the ISM. It is found that the interplay between metallicity and UV radiation leads to the coexistence of Pop III and Pop II star formation in non-zero-metallicity (Z/Z☉ ⩾ 10−2) gas. A cold (T < 100 K) and dense (ρ > 10−22 g cm−3) gas phase is fragile to ambient UV radiation. In a metal-poor (Z/Z☉ ⩽ 10−3) gas, the cold and dense gas phase does not form in the presence of a radiation field of F0 ∼ 10−5–10−4 erg cm−2 s−1. Therefore, metallicity by itself is not a good indicator of the Pop III–Pop II transition. Metal-rich (Z/Z☉ ⩾ 10−2) gas dynamically evolves two to three orders of magnitude faster than metal-poor gas (Z/Z☉ ⩽ 10−3). The simulations including supernova explosions show that pre-enrichment of the halo does not affect the mixing of metals.
Parametric Models and Future Event Prediction Base on Right Censored Data

In this paper, we developed a parametric displacement models base on the time that the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) took to return from IDPs Camps to their ancestral homes in Northern Uganda. The objective is to analyze the displaced proportion of the IDPs using suitable time-to-event parametric models. The accelerated failure time (AFT) models (Weibull, Exponential and log-logistic) were considered. A retrospective data of seven years study of 590 subjects is considered. Maximum likelihood method together with the Davidon-Fletcher- Powell optimization algorithm in MATLAB is used in the estimation of the parameters of the models. The estimated displaced proportions of these AFT models are used in predicting the displaced proportion of the IDPs at a time t. Weibull and exponential models provided better estimates of the displaced proportion of the IDPs due to their good convergence power to four decimal points and predicted the 2027 and 2044 respectively as the year when the displaced proportion can be approximated to be zero.
Interannual variation in littoral benthic macroinvertebrate communities under contrasting crayfish predation in a large boreal lake

Long term studies are widely used nowadays in many fields of ecology. For instance, records over years represent a valuable tool to monitor and comprehend environmental changes. In freshwater ecology, long term studies are often applied in restoration effect assessments using a before-after-control-impact design. Little is known about the long term effects of freshwater predators on their prey, for example of how crayfish as omnivorous predators affect macroinvertebrate prey communities. Bottom substrate of stony littoral shores in three sites of Lake Päijänne, in Central Finland, were sampled for macroinvertebrates (MI) during five consecutive years and identified mainly to species. Of the three sites one was without crayfish, a second with a newly-introduced signal crayfish population, and a third one with a well-established signal crayfish population. Annual crayfish catching was also performed at the sites. Crayfish establishment was not yet successful as there was no population development after the introduction. Therefore, MI density and taxa richness showed no clear trend, though there were differences among years after the introduction of the predator. Snail densities and species richness increased one year after the introduction and later decreased significantly. No change was observed at the control site in density and taxa richness of MI and snails over years whereas at the crayfish site, there was a significant increase in total density and taxa richness in the last year. This might result from decreased crayfish abundance in the last two study years. Ordination analysis showed no clear interannual directional change in community composition, but the sites were clearly differentiated. The study showed that the effects of established signal crayfish populations on MI communities are fairly consistent in time, but that crayfish establishment and manifestation of effects on MI may require considerable time in large boreal lake littorals.
2D Traveltime Inversion For Gas Hydrates In Kerala-Konkan Basin, Western Offshore India

A huge reservoir of carbon resides as methane in clathrate deposits in sediments under the world’s oceans as well as in on-shore sediments in the Arctic. As the search for oil and gas extends to deeper waters, gas hydrates are becoming more of a concern in terms of both safety and as a potential energy source. In this paper, we present the results of 2D travel time inversion on multichannel seismic data of Kerala-Konkan (KK) basin, western offshore India for gas hydrates investigations. The lateral and vertical extent of gas hydrate and free gas zone within the sedimentary cover of the passive KK basin has been mapped.
JlICOOSCOPlC AND MACROSCOPIC ASPECTS OF SINGLE LANE TRAFFIC FLOW

A number of specific car following models for single lane flow without passing have been analyzed using a large sample of speed, con­ centration and flow data obtained at a single observation point in the Holland Tunnel. The results obtained have been compared with actual car following experiments conducted in the same tunnel. It is interesting to note that it is possible to relate the specific car following behavior to the overall flow characteristics although it is not possible to discriminate too well among the various car following models. A comparison is made regarding the flow-concentration characteristics of the Lincoln and Holland Tunnels. In addition an "acceleration noise" (dispersion of the acceleration distribution function) study is reported and results are given concerning the build up of noise in platoons of vehicles, Fina! ly it is pointed out that the "speed noise" or average of the absolute relative speed between adjacent vehicles is a minimum when the flow is a maximum.
Nonlinear Thermal Analysis of Solar Air Heater for the Purpose of Energy Saving

In this article, nonlinear thermal Analysis of air-heating flat-plate solar collectors was conducted to obtain temperature distribution inside the heat transfer unit. Due to temperature-dependency of specific heat coefficient of air, the governing differential equation had a noticeable nonlinear nature. Therefore, for the solution of nonlinear equation a highly accurate and simple analytical method which is called Differential Transformation Method (DTM) and basic numerical method, Runge-Kutta (RG) was employed. As a significant result, it is depicted that the DTM results have an interesting conformity with numerical ones. After this verification, the effects of physical applicable parameters on temperature distribution, useful gained heat and thermal efficiency of collectors were investigated. It was concluded that increase in dimension of collector may not increase the efficiency (about 10% decreased). However an increase in the effectiveness coefficient ( ) and air mass flow rate ( ) enhanced the performance of solar collectors and the process efficiency increased up to 12%.
Human-Oriented Leadership and Organizational Commitment in US Subsidiary Company Based in Sarawak

This article was conducted to examine the relationship between human-oriented leadership (HOL) and organizational commitment. A survey method was employed to obtain data from the employees of one US subsidiary company based in Sarawak. Results of the Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) model analysis confirmed that participative leadership, supportive leadership, and empowerment act as important antecedents of organizational commitment. These findings reveal that the capability of managers practicing HOL styles (supportive, participative, and empowerment) has enhanced employees’ commitment to the organization.
Large-sized phytoplankton sustain higher carbon-specific photosynthesis than smaller cells in a coastal eutrophic ecosystem

Size-fractionated, carbon-specific photosynthesis by natural phytoplankton assem- blages has been analysed during a full annual cycle in a coastal, productive ecosystem. We observed high variability in the carbon-specific photosynthetic rates by the different phytoplankton size frac- tions. In surface waters, under high irradiance levels, large-sized phytoplankton showed consistently higher carbon-specific photosynthetic rates than small-sized cells. We suggest the possibility that interspecific differences in acquisition and use of light and nutrients account for this pattern. Under light-limited conditions at the bottom of the euphotic layer, differences in the carbon-specific photo- synthesis between size fractions were lower or disappeared, which was likely due to the package effect on larger cells. Our results show that when the whole phytoplankton community is analysed, the relationship between carbon-specific photosynthesis and cell size is variable. Moreover, a higher carbon-specific photosynthesis by larger phytoplankton might represent an ecophysiological basis to explain their dominance in resource-rich environments.
FLOODING TREATMENT RESTRAINS VOLUNTEER RICE GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH

Volunteer rice is a global problem in rice production, especially conservation tillage. Here volunteer rice from four rice cultivars viz. Xiangyaxiangzhan, Meixiangzhan, Changnongjing 1 and Yliangyou1173 was treated with different flooding treatments. Two weeks of water flooding were applied at four depths: 2.0-2.5 cm (F1), 3.0-3.5 cm (F2), 4.5-5 cm (F3) and 6.0-6.5 cm (F4). A control was set by maintaining the soil wet as normal farmer practice of this region. It was found volunteer rice germination was more reduced with increased submergence levels, while treatments F3 and F4 both decreased the germination index and germination energy greatly for all rice varieties. Flooding treatments also reduced the seedling rate and inhibited the growth of volunteer seedling. Treatments F3 and F4 decreased seedling rates of Changnongjing 1 and F2 generation of Yliangyou1173 to zero, while the flooding treatment induced the malonaldehyde accumulation and altered the activities of peroxidase, superoxide and catalase in seedlings for all rice varieties. Hence, we suggest 2-week flooding at soil depth 6 cm after the harvest of early-season rice in South China in order to prevent the harvest loss in late-season rice caused by volunteer rice.
Determination the Factors that Affect the Use of Enterprise Resource Planning Information System through Technology Acceptance Model

In order to survive in today’s global competitive environment, businesses have to use information systems during management and production processes. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is developed by Davis (1989). According to this model, the use of a new information system depends on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness variables. This study analyzes the factors that affect the use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software, which is an information system, in the frame of TAM variables. 236 companies that use these information systems participated in the survey. It is determined that, eleven independent variables, which are taken into consideration in the scope of user characteristics, innovative characteristics, organizational and environmental characteristics factors, have statistically meaningful and positive effect on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness which represent TAM parameters. Similarly, it is determined that, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive and statistically meaningful effect on the use of ERP.