Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new algorithm for flux and speed estimation in induction machine

A new reduced-order extended Kalman filter to estimate the rotor flux components and speed of an induction machine for speed sensorless vector control is proposed. With this method, two rotor flux components are selected as the state variables, and the rotor speed as an estimated parameter is regarded as an augmented state variable. The algorithm with reduced order decreases the computational complexity and makes the proposed estimator feasible to be implemented in real time. The simulation results show high accuracy of the estimation algorithm, and verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.
A Mixture of Distributions Background Model for Traffic Video Surveillance

Video surveillance gathers more and more ground in the area of traffic measurement. Such computer vision applications use a static camera and some kinds of a detection algorithm for identifying moving objects. Background estimation plays an important part in these applications playing the part of generating the ideal background of the video stream, enabling the application to easily subtract the recent frame, and separate the foreground pixels from the background. The paper takes a short survey on the recently applied background estimation models, and introduces a distribution mixture model.
Numerical characterization of convective heat transfer of low-rise buildings

Chen, Ranchi. M.S.M.E, Purdue University, May 2015. Numerical Characterization of Convective Heat Transfer of Low-Rise Buildings . Major Professor: Jun Chen, School of Mechanical Engineering. The convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) is an important parameter to evaluate the efficiency of building-integrated photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) system and the energy exchange within the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. Reynoldsaverage Navier-Stokes approach has been frequently used to predict the CHTC at the surface of low rise roof but incapable of predicting transient behavior of separation, reattachment and recirculation both on the windward and leeward surface. However, Large Eddy Simulation approach (LES) could provide accurate flow field and temperature field around the low rise building. The current study uses Large Eddy Simulation with Smagorinsky-Lily model and the Shear Stress Transport k − ω turbulence model to predict CHTC on low rise buildings with plan dimension of 4.2 m by 6 m, a 3 m eaves height with a 30◦ roof slope in the atmospheric boundary layer, with the results validated by experimental data. The results show LES prediction outweigh RANS approach in the prediction of CHTC and flow separation both on windward and leeward surfaces. In addition, an array of low-rise buildings with inclined roof are modeled to investigate CHTC in an urban environment with different plan area densities (λp = 0.25, 0.11, 0.04). This parameter represents different urban neighborhoods and it is used to characterize different flow regimes in the urban environment. This study could support future studies of CHTC at the surface of building in the urban environment.
Swedish Media, Fundamental Values and the Opinion Corridor in the 2018 Election

Sweden is usually ranking very highly in terms of global democracy and transparency indexes. The 2018 elections in Sweden were very divisive and bitterly fought, where there was an open conflict between the mainstream political establishment parties and the anti-political establishment Swedish Democrats. Mainstream Swedish media were not neutral bystanders in the election coverage, in the months before and after the September 2018 elections. The election coverage framing featured an idealised national myth that uses the notion of various acceptable fundamental values to define it, and an idealised Swedish society. Those actors whose values and norms that do not fit these ideals were subjected to attack and derision within a concept of consensus enforcement known as the opinion corridor, which is akin to the spiral of silence.
Low Power Emerging Wireless Technologies

Advanced concepts for wireless communications offer a vision of technology that is embedded in our surroundings and practically invisible, but present whenever required. Although the use of deep submicron CMOS processes allows for an unprecedented degree of scaling in digital circuitry, it complicates the implementation and integration of traditional RF circuits. The requirement for long operating life under limited energy supply also poses severe design constraints, particularly in critical applications in commerce, healthcare, and security. These challenges call for innovative design solutions at the circuit and system levels. Low Power Emerging Wireless Technologies addresses the crucial scientific and technological challenges for the realization of fully integrated, highly efficient, and cost-effective solutions for emerging wireless applications. Get Insights from the Experts on Wireless Circuit Design The book features contributions by top international experts in wireless circuit design representing both industry and academia. They explore the state of the art in wireless communication for 3G and 4G cellular networks, millimeter-wave applications, wireless sensor networks, and wireless medical technologies. The emphasis is on low-power wireless applications, RF building blocks for wireless applications, and short-distance and beam steering. Topics covered include new opportunities in body area networks, medical implants, satellite communications, automobile radar detection, and wearable electronics. Exploit the Potential behind Emerging Green Wireless Technologies A must for anyone serious about future wireless technologies, this multidisciplinary book discusses the challenges of emerging power-efficient applications. Written for practicing engineers in the wireless communication field who have some experience in integrated circuits, it is also a valuable resource for graduate students.
A Large-Signal Model for the GaAs MESFET

An analytic Iarge-signal model for the GaAs FET is described which relates the terminal currents to the instantaneous terminal voltages and their time derivatives. It incorporates the device geometry and semiconductor parameters as well as the device parasitic circuit elements. The model is fast and efficient when implemented on a computer and is in a form suitable for large-signal circuit design and optimization.
Compositional and Optical Gradient in Films of PbZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT) Family

Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) (x = 0-1) films have attracted the attention of researchers for the past 30 years due to their excellent ferroelectric (FE) and electromechanical properties, which have led to the commercialization of thin PZT films for ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM), forming a market of several millions USD annually. Ferroelectricity of perovskite oxide thin films, especially PZT thin films, can be exploited in semiconductor devices to achieve non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) with high-speed access and long endurance, which can overcome the barriers, encountered in current semiconductor memory technologies. The ferroelectricity can be also exploited to voltage dependent and thermally sensitive resistors, gas and humidity sensors. Besides, due to large pyroelectric coefficient of PZT, it has drawn interest for use in pyroelectric devices (Izyumskaya et al., 2007; Muralt, 2000; Whatmore et al., 2003). PZT thin films have remarkable advantages over bulk materials: • Can be directly deposited on platinized silicon to allow direct integration with electronics; • Have superior electromechanical properties compared to other ferroelectric ceramics. Thanks to that, PZT films have formed an integral part of the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in various applications such as sensors, actuated micromirrors for finetracking high-density optical data storage mechanisms (Yee et al., 2001), and tunable capacitors for high-frequency microwave applications, microelectromechanical systems, infrared detectors, applications in optical devices, for instance, rugate filters (Bovard, 1990), anti-reflection coatings (Oulette et al., 1991), and electro-optic modulators, to name a few. Low density embedded FE memories are being considered for implementation not only in commercial devices, such as smart cards and cellular phones, but also for adaptive FE
Assistive technology assessment tools for assessing switch use of children: A systematic review and descriptive analysis

BACKGROUND: Use of switches enables children with physical and multiple disabilities to mobilise, communicate, play and participate in schooling. A comprehensive and psychometrically sound assessment tool is important to ensure children receive appropriate technology and achieve the best possible outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review assistive technology assessment tools which assess the switch use of children with physical and multiple disabilities. METHODS: The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. An electronic search of ten databases was performed in February 2013. Assessment tools were included if they met three key eligibility criteria: 1) the tool assessed the assistive technology needs of children with physical or multiple disabilities, 2) the tool could be applied to assess children’s ability to use a switch, 3) the article was published in English in a peer reviewed journal. RESULTS:From eight articles included, six different assessment tools were reviewed for psychometric properties and compared to recommended content from background literature. From this review, it was found there are insufficient validated and reliable assessment tools to assess the switch use of children. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive and sensitive tool, with adequate psychometric testing, is required to assess the switch use of children with physical and multiple disabilities.
Non-defective area analysis for quantifying yield impact

The present paper introduces a novel yield impact quantification method which is designed especially to have robustness to clustered defects and false detection by inspection tools. The yield impact can be obtained by non-defective area analysis of cumulative defect maps. The accuracy of the proposed method is discussed based on experimental results that were obtained using actual in-line inspection data. Application of the proposed method is contributing to rapid yield ramp-up.
WEAR TOLERANCE OF SEEDED AND VEGETATIVELY PROPAGATED BERMUDA GRASSES UNDER SIMULATED ATHLETIC TRAFFIC

OF THESIS WEAR TOLERANCE OF SEEDED AND VEGETATIVELY PROPAGATED BERMUDAGRASSES UNDER SIMULATED ATHLETIC TRAFFIC The use of seed-propagated bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ], particularly for athletic fields, is rapidly increasing. Recently developed seeded cultivars have been bred for improved turfgrass quality (finer texture, darker green color, etc.) and for increased cold tolerance, but their ability to tolerate wear has not been investigated. This study was conducted to determine if three seeded cultivars could tolerate simulated athletic wear as well as one vegetative cultivar commonly used in Kentucky. The seeded cultivars, ‘Riviera’, ‘Princess 77’ and ‘Yukon’ were planted at 24.4 and 48.8 kg PLS ha and the vegetative cultivar ‘Quickstand’ was sprigged at 1250 and 2500 bu ha in the second week of June. Beginning at the end of August each year (in conjunction with the Kentucky high school football season), simulated wear treatments equivalent to either three, two, one or zero football games wk, using a Brinkman traffic simulator, were imposed. Plots were then evaluated for turfgrass quality (TQ) and percent turfgrass cover (PC) through mid-November. The possibility that precipitation amounts and timing may have been a factor is the large end of season PC means is also examined. Final PC means for each season under the highest wear treatment were mixed with Princess 77 having a statistically greater mean (P 0.05) to a given cultivar’s wear tolerance ability.
Electrical performance of compliant wafer level package

As the demand for portable and high speed communication products grows, wafer level packages with high chip-to-chip bandwidth and low package parasitics are required. A Compliant Wafer Level Package (CWLP) technology has been developed to meet the growing demand of higher electrical performance at low cost. The electrical performance of the compliant wafer level package in terms of its package parasitics and chip-to-chip bandwidth is investigated in this paper.
One-class classifier networks for target recognition applications

Target recognition requires the ability to distinguish targets from non-targets, a capability called one-class generalization. Many neural network pattern classifiers fail as one-class classifiers because they use open decision boundaries. To function as one-class classifier, a neural network must have three types of generalization: within-class, between-class, and out-of-class. We discuss these three types of generalization and identify neural network architectures that meet these requirements. We have applied our one-class classifier ideas to the problem of automatic target recognition in synthetic aperture radar. We have compared three neural network algorithms: Carpenter and Grossberg`s algorithmic version of the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART-2A), Kohonen`s Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ), and Reilly and Cooper`s Restricted Coulomb Energy network (RCE). The ART 2-A neural network gives the best results, with 100% within-class, between-class, and out-of-class generalization. Experiments show that the network`s performance is sensitive to vigilance and number of training set presentations.
Design of circular patch antennas on ferrite substrates

The design and performance of circular microstrip patch antennas on biased ferrites are described. Fundamental and higher-order modes are discussed and measurements presented for two different ferrites. The high permittivity of the substrate reduces the dimensions of the patches. The cavity model is extended to include multilayer ferrite-dielectric substrates with electromagnetic feedline coupling to the patch. This provides an accurate and fast CAD tool for predicting the resonant frequency over a wide bias range. Applying a DC magnetic bias field normal to the ferrite allows tuning of the resonant frequency by about 15%. Two hands of circular polarisation are generated when the magnetic bias is applied. The resulting radiation performance of the patches, in terms of the gain and quality of circular polarisation, is presented. It is shown that the gain is not dependent on the applied bias field and that good axial ratios are measured over a wide range of bias fields, both above and below saturation magnetisation.
Travel time prediction with support vector regression

Travel time prediction is essential for the development of advanced traveler information systems. In this paper, we apply support vector regression (SVR) for travel-time predictions and compare its results to the other baseline travel-time prediction methods using real highway traffic data. Since support vector machines have greater generalization ability and guarantee global minima for given training data, it is believed that support vector regression performs well for time series analysis. Compared to other baseline predictors, our results show that the SVR predictor can reduce significantly both relative mean errors and root mean squared errors of predicted travel times. We demonstrate the feasibility of applying SVR in travel-time prediction and prove that SVR is applicable and perform well for traffic data analysis.
High Power Efficiency Buck Converter Design for Standalone Wind Generation System

In wind generation system, the power converter efficiency is one of the key factors for the performance of the system. In those systems, DC/DC Buck converter is widely used for high power system. Considering the converter’s cost and efficiency, this paper mainly focuses on the design of an improved topology Buck converter adopted for high power standalone wind generation system. The designed converter uses multi-MOSFETs in parallel instead of the IGBTs, in order to increase the conductive current as well as the converter switch frequency. From the experimental tests results, the maximum efficiency of the designed 2 kW Buck converter is up to 96% based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method.
Märkesorientering - Utveckling av varumärken som strategiska resurser och skydd mot varumärkesdegeneration

The aim of this study was to examine how an organisation’s approach to brands can, in the building up of a brand competence, prevent trademark degeneration and develop and protect brands as strategic resources. A line of argument is put forward for adopting a new corporate approach (mind-set) to brands. The starting-point is the concept of trademark degeneration (genericness), which is both the key and the gate to a range of fundamental questions related to brands. Trademark degeneration means that a brand loses its distinctiveness, becoming instead a general term forming part of the language. Something happens in the process where values and meanings are created. Words such as dynamite, windsurfer, vespa, insulin and gramophone are examples of successful brands which have eventually degenerated (varies between countries). When a brand degenerates, it ceases to be the exclusive legal property of a certain company. Within the marketing and strategy theory, views are diverging and sometimes even conflicting as to whether the phenomenon of degeneration is a sign of success or a problem. I argue that it is a strategic problem. Ultimately it is a question of what the company wants to achieve by means of their brands, i.e. their aims and objectives. The mind-set prevailing within an organisation with regard to brands influences the preconditions for developing sustainable strategic resources in the form of brands. The case studies deal with Tetra Pak (Tetra Brik), Nestle (Nescafe), DuPont (Teflon) and Pharmacia & Upjohn (Nicorette). The investigation of these companies’ brand processes, brand strategies and trademark protection reveals that there is, or at least has been, "an intent to own the category". This mind-set within the organisations is an expression of their attempts to dominate their respective product categories by means of brands which are perceived in generic terms. This type of "categorising brands" has a twofold function; as brands and as generic terms. "Categorising brands" run the risk of becoming generic, and various strategies to prevent degeneration are identified based on the case studies. The most effective strategy is to develop a core value-based brand identity, giving the brands an emotional value as well as a symbolic meaning. This requires both brand competence and a brand oriented mind-set. Brand competence is defined as the ability to create, develop and protect brands as strategic resources. Brand orientation is a mind-set that focuses the processes of the organisation on brands. The key brands of the company become a strategic platform. A conceptual framework for the brand oriented company is introduced, bringing together, among other things, the concepts of brand equity and brand identity. The model reflects the semiotic process on which brand development is built. The integration of different legal, semantic and semiotic foundations creates bridges between marketing and resource based strategy theory.
Working backwards towards curriculum: on the curricular implications of Quality Teaching

This essay builds from ongoing development and research work on a model of pedagogy, from New South Wales, Australia, known as the Quality Teaching model. Where international calls for the professional development and certification of teachers rely on mechanisms of credentialing, often with scant direct attention to the acts of teaching, the NSW Quality Teaching model was developed specifically to examine classroom practice and assessment with a shared, generic, analytical framework across subject areas in K-12 settings. The article presents a summary and some elaboration of the Quality Teaching model and then raises the question of just what implications for curriculum lie underneath the push for improving teaching. Using this model, for example, it is clear that many of our long standing curricular debates must be soundly re-cast if the ideals of Quality Teaching are to be taken seriously. Coming from a context where curriculum is designed and governed centrally, in very conventional terms, the curriculum implications of Quality Teaching raise a big challange for international understandings of just what is included in school curricula.
Developing Innovative Inertial Systems based on advanced MEMS sensors

Current technological improvements allow for the realization of MEMS inertial sensors that have several advanced peculiarities such as low production cost, wide bandwidth, high-reliability, small-size, low-power consumption, and lightweight configuration. These advantages combined with new generation MEMS higher levels of accuracy and the development of innovative algorithms is allowing MEMS technology to replace expensive, bulky, heavy and power requiring Fiber Optic Gyroscopes in most applications. This thesis deals with the development of various innovative MEMS-based inertial systems suitable to accomplish different tasks. First, a low-cost Inertial Navigation System solution composed of industrial-grade inertial sensors, magnetometer and GNSS antenna/receiver suitable for Unmanned Aircraft Systems applications is shown. Such aeronautical platforms require attitude determination capabilities more enhanced than the standard attitude measurement accuracy FAA requirements. Then, a land navigator system built around an Inertial Measurement Unit with quasi-tactical level gyroscopes linked with a GNSS equipment and an odometer is exposed. Both civil and military applications are demanding for self-contained, dead-reckoning systems able to provide a continuous and reliable Position, Velocity and Timing solution even in GNSS denied and degraded environments. Finally, a ZUPT algorithm able to accurately initialize a MEMS-based INS navigation state and north-finding activities employing tactical-grade MEMS gyroscopes are described. Each inertial navigation system shall be accurately initialized before navigation in order to improve its performance. Attitude initialization is the most difficult task to satisfy and heading self-initialization has been not considered possible for many years utilizing MEMS gyroscopes.
The Effect of the Nunn-McCurdy Amendment on Unit Cost Growth of Defense Acquisition Projects

Abstract : The Department of Defense (DoD) has faced significant acquisition problems over an extended period of time. As noted by one GAO report, the DoD s major weapon system programs continue to take longer, cost more, and deliver fewer quantities and capabilities than originally planned (Sullivan, 2008). For example, the programs that comprise the DoD s Major Defense Acquisition Projects (MDAPs)1 for 2007 had an average program cost-growth of 26% when compared to initial estimates, which collectively culminated in $295 billion dollars in additional costs (Sullivan, 2008). Given other pressing financial obligations, the DoD cannot afford to incur in the future similar development problems as it has experienced in the past. Cost-growth is defined as the positive difference between actual cost and budgeted costs. Due to its relative ease of measurement, cost-growth provides a simple barometer to determine if the acquisition process is achieving its stated goals. Since the 1950s, numerous reports have found that, in general, the DoD s acquisition process experiences high cost-growth at both the program and unit levels.