Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Acetic Acid and Chlorhexidine Gluconate as a Cavity Cleanser on the Shear Bond Strength of Compomer Restorations

Bonding of restorative materials to tooth structure has become one of the prime objectives of modern dentistry. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate andcompare the shear bond strength of compomer material to dentin washed with three cleanser agent. Thirty freshly extracted adult human maxillary firs,, premolars teeth were utilized in this study. Each tooth was sectioned horizontally exposing the dentin surface. According to the type of cleanser agent used to wash the dentin surface; the teeth were divided into three groups often teeth each: Group I chlorhexidine cleanser with compomer; Group II acetic acid with compomer; and Group III distal water with compomer. The measurement for evaluation the shear bond strength of compomer to dentin by using Zwick universal testing machine. The results showed that higher significant different between group I and group III also between group II and group III; however< there is no significant difference between group I and group II. This present in vitro study concludes that the shear bond strength of compomer material to dentin can be enhanced by washing the exposed dentin with cleanser agents chlorhexidine and acetic acid instead of distal water.
Sex hormones profiles in Iraqi males patients with symptomatic cholelithiasisbefore cholecystectomy

Gallstone disease (GD) is a worldwide disease and it remains to be one of the most common health problems leading to surgical intervention. GB stone formation is multifactorial &many theories have been put forwardto explainthe mechanism of stoneformation. It is not fully clear if symptomatic gallstone disease is associated with a specific pattern of some hormonal abnormalities in the serum of male with symptomatic gallstone. The objective is to find the relationship between serum levels of sex hormones (free testosterone, SHBG, dihydrotestosterone (DHT),estradiol (E2), and progesterone)and gallstone formation in men.This cross-sectional study was carried on 50 males' patients and 37 healthy males as control group. After 12 hrs fasting, blood samples were collected from all subjects to evaluate the serum levels of thesex hormones (free testosterone, SHBG, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol, and progesterone). There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in serum: free testosterone& DHT. The study also showed that there was a significant dincrease (P<0.05) in serum: SHBG& estradiol (E2) of patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis compared to healthy controls. While there was no significant change (P>0.05) in serum progesterone between patients and controls groups. Aging, over weight and obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, cardiovascular diseases, DM and renal stones were all associated with cholelithiasisin men. Conclusions:Elevation of SHBG& estradiol (E2) levels, lower free testosterone& DHT levels in the patient's serum compared to controls, which conclude that males patients with symptomatic gallstone disease was associated with some hormonal abnormality that may be the cause or the result of gallstone formation. The present study could be vital in achieving a better understanding of the pathogenesis of gallstones formation.
SENSORY PROFILING OF OGBONO SOUP MIX AND ITS NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISATION

The study formulated ready-to-cook soup mix samples from dika kernel (Irvingia wombolu) and some dried ingredients. The samples were prepared into ogbono soup and sensory evaluation was conducted for product acceptability. The acceptable soup mix, dika kernel and the dried ingredients were subjected to proximate, microbial, and mineral analyses using standard methods. Data obtained showed that the ogbono soup prepared from the acceptable ready-tocook soup mix was rated “very good” for flavour, colour and taste and was rated “excellent” for drawability. The soup samples were not significantly ( ) different from each other in appearance, colour, taste and drawability. The variations in the type and quantity of pepper used affected the attributes of the soup. The addition of ingredients to the dika kernel increased the ash (by 70%), protein (by 66%) and some mineral content (Ca, K and Na) of the ready-tocook soup mix. The results of the microbial analysis of the ready-to-cook soup mix showed a bacteria load of 7.7 x 10 3 cfu/g and yeast/mould of 19.4 x 10 3 cfu/g. The study provided information on the nutritional composition of dika kernel (Irvingia wombolu), the soup ingredients and the ready-to-cook soup mix. The study has also provided information on the sensory characteristics of acceptable ogbono soup prepared from the ready-to-cook soup mix.
Drug Utilization Pattern during Pregnancy in a Government Maternity Hospital – A Prospective Study

There are limited studies involving general medication use in pregnancy from the developing countries and most studies reviewed were from developed countries. Descriptive drug utilization research is intended to profile the population’s use of medicines in order to identify areas deserving of further study or where interventions to address the irrational use of medicines may be appropriate. The importance of conducting descriptive drug utilization studies in high-risk populations such as pregnant women, children, and the elderly is widely recognized. Careful consideration of the benefit to the mother and the risk to the fetus is required while prescribing drugs duringpregnancy. In the present study 1000 pregnant women attending antenatal outpatient department of Modern Government Maternity Hospital, Petlaburg, Hyderabad were interviewed by questionnaire method to determine the drug utilization pattern during pregnancy. Iron, calcium, B complex and folic acid were the most frequently prescribed drugs. It was observed that majority of the prescribed drugs were from category A, the safest category during pregnancy, followed by category C. Antiepileptic drugs-Phenytoin And Efavirenz were the only drugs of category D. Co-morbid conditions like PIH, hypothyroidism, gestational diabetes mellitus, T.B, HIV were properly attended.
Music Performance Anxiety: Pilot Study with Gender Endocrine Biomarkers

Background: Musical-performance anxiety (MPA) is a manifestation with high prevalence among musicians. The scientific literature points to a consistent difference between genders, registering a ratio of 3:1. Evidence has shown that the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis is related to anxiety. Objectives: This study aimed to examine gender differences in the concentrations of ACTH and cortisol and their association with MPA. Methods: The validated version for Portuguese Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory (K-MPAI) was applied in 140 subjects. In the polar groups (10% from each edge of the distribution) dosages of cortisol and ACTH were applied. Results: There was no significant difference inside the group that had the lowest score. However, in the group that achieved the highest score, men showed significantly lower KMPAI results than women (p ≤ 0.01). The same occurred with blood concentrations of ACTH (p ≤ 0.05). However, serum concentrations of cortisol in the male group were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that possibly there are other factors that modulate the performance anxiety and may explain other gender differences. It is hoped that this study may contribute to initiatives aimed at improving mental conditions in musical performance.
COMPETITION INSTABILITIES OF SPIKE PATTERNS FOR THE 1-D

Spatially localized 1-D spike patterns occur for various two-component reaction-diffusion (RD) systems 4 in the singular limit of a large diffusivity ratio. A competition instability of a steady-state spike pattern is a linear 5 instability that locally preserves the sum of the heights of the spikes. This instability, which results from a zero6 eigenvalue crossing of a nonlocal eigenvalue problem at a certain critical value of the inhibitor diffusivity, has been 7 implicated from full PDE numerical simulations of various RD systems of triggering a nonlinear event leading to spike 8 annihilation. As a result, this linear instability is believed to a key mechanism for initiating a coarsening process of 9 1-D spike patterns. As an extension of the linear theory, we develop and implement a weakly nonlinear theory to 10 analyze competition instabilities associated with symmetric two-boundary spike equilibria on a finite 1-D domain for 11 the Gierer-Meinhardt and Schnakenberg RD models. Two symmetric boundary spikes interacting through a long-range 12 bulk diffusion field is the simplest spatial configuration of interacting localized spikes that can undergo a competition 13 instability. Within a neighborhood of the parameter value for the competition instability threshold, a multi-scale 14 asymptotic expansion is used to derive an explicit amplitude equation for the heights of the boundary spikes. This 15 amplitude equation confirms that the competition instability is subcritical and, moreover, it shows that the competition 16 instability threshold corresponds to a symmetry-breaking bifurcation point where an unstable branch of asymmetric 17 two-boundary spike equilibria emerges from the symmetric branch. Results from our weakly nonlinear analysis are 18 confirmed from full numerical solutions of the steady-state problem using numerical bifurcation software. 19
CAFFEINE DOES NOT INCREASE RESISTANCE

Resistance exercise may cause muscle microdamage and caffeine may enhance this risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of caffeine supplementation on muscle injury markers in soccer players after resistance exercise. Fifteen male soccer players (18–20 years old) completed a placebo-controlled double blind (crossover design) study. The exercises were bench press, pullover, biceps curl, triceps curl, leg extension, and lying leg curls. Volume and intensity were 3 × 10 at 10RM each with a 2-minute rest interval controlled by digital sound signal. Blood samples were collected before and 24 hours after exercise to measure the levels of serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Caffeine or placebo was given in a randomized manner. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare treatment effects (p < 0.05). Resistance exercise caused an increase in all skeletal muscle markers. In caffeine session, serum CK level increased by 53.3%, LDH by 53.8%, AST by 33.1%, and ALT by 38.1%. In placebo session, the corresponding values were 65.2%, 48.2%, 38.8%, and 38.3%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the caffeine and placebo sessions. Caffeine supplementation (∼4.5 mg·kg–1) did not affect muscle markers induced by exercise and did not augment the risk of muscle lesion.
THE COMPOSITION OF HEAVY IONS IN SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS

We review recent advances in determining the elemental, charg-state, and isoto^; c composition of til to ? ,20 MeV per nucleon ions in sour energetic particle (SEP) events and outline our current understanding of the nature of solar and interplanetary processes which may explain the observations. The composition within individual SEP events may vary both with time and energy, and will in general be different from that in other SEP events. Average values of relative abundances measured in a large number of SEP events, however, are found to be roughly energy independent in the ,0 to ,%,20 MeV per nucleon range, and show a systematic deviation from photospheric abundances which seems to be organized in terms of the first ionization potential of the ion. Direct measurements of the charge states of SEPs have revealed the surprisingly common presence of energetic He + along with heavy ions with typically coronal ionization states. High-resolution measurements of isotopic abuv dance ratios in a small number of SEP events show these to be consistent with the universal composition except for the puzzling overabundance of the SEP 22Ne/20he relative to this isotopes ratio in the solar wind. The broad spectrum of observed elemental abundance variations, which in their extreme result in composition anomalies characteristic of 3He-rich, heavy-ion rich and carbon-poor SEP events, along with direct measurements of the ionization states of SEPs provide essential ,information on the physical characteristics of,and conditions in the source regions, as well as important constraints to possible models for SEP production. It is concluded that SEP acceleration is a two-step process, beginning with plasma-wave heating of the ambient plasma in the lower corona, which may include pockets of cold material, and followed by acceleration to the observed
Prophiler: a fast filter for the large-scale detection of malicious web pages

Malicious web pages that host drive-by-download exploits have become a popular means for compromising hosts on the Internet and, subsequently, for creating large-scale botnets. In a drive-by-download exploit, an attacker embeds a malicious script (typically written in JavaScript) into a web page. When a victim visits this page, the script is executed and attempts to compromise the browser or one of its plugins. To detect drive-by-download exploits, researchers have developed a number of systems that analyze web pages for the presence of malicious code. Most of these systems use dynamic analysis. That is, they run the scripts associated with a web page either directly in a real browser (running in a virtualized environment) or in an emulated browser, and they monitor the scripts' executions for malicious activity. While the tools are quite precise, the analysis process is costly, often requiring in the order of tens of seconds for a single page. Therefore, performing this analysis on a large set of web pages containing hundreds of millions of samples can be prohibitive. One approach to reduce the resources required for performing large-scale analysis of malicious web pages is to develop a fast and reliable filter that can quickly discard pages that are benign, forwarding to the costly analysis tools only the pages that are likely to contain malicious code. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of such a filter. Our filter, called Prophiler, uses static analysis techniques to quickly examine a web page for malicious content. This analysis takes into account features derived from the HTML contents of a page, from the associated JavaScript code, and from the corresponding URL. We automatically derive detection models that use these features using machine-learning techniques applied to labeled datasets. To demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of Prophiler, we crawled and collected millions of pages, which we analyzed for malicious behavior. Our results show that our filter is able to reduce the load on a more costly dynamic analysis tools by more than 85%, with a negligible amount of missed malicious pages.
The Wing-Coupling Apparatus of Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha: Structure, Function, and Systematic Value

The main structure of the wing-coupling apparatus in the Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta, Hemiptera) has a wing-coupling fore fold (WCFF) on the claval margin of the fore wings and a similar, longitudinal wing-coupling hind fold (WCHF) or shorter wing-coupling lobe (WCL) or wingcoupling hook(WCH) on the costal margin of the hind wings. The shape and the size of the various parts of the wing-coupling apparatus, and the morphological differences of the microsculptures present on these, may be used as systematic characters at least up to generic level. The main structure of this apparatus is similar to that in the Stemorrhyncha and instead, in the Coleorrhyncha is Heteropterous type: it has a complex structure on the fore wing ventral surface which grips a double longitudinal fold along the hind wing costal margin. The main structure of the wing-coupling apparatus could be useful to better understand the affinity among the different groups of Rhynchota. Denisia 04, zugleich Kataloge des OÖ. Landesmuseums, Neue Folge Nr. 176 (2002), 401-410 401 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum. at
A Comparative Exploration of the Link(s) between Governmental Participation and the Organisational ‘Transformation’ of Green Parties

This contribution explores the possible links between the organisational ‘transformation’ of Western European Green parties, on the one hand, and the recent access to national coalition government of some of these parties in five countries, on the other hand. First of all, some comparative lessons are drawn from an examination of the “lifespan” of Green parties since their creation. Secondly, a series of hypotheses with regards to the possible causal link between organisational change and access to power are examined. Thirdly, the reverse question is addressed, that of the potential impact of governmental participation on further organisational change. Finally, although some provisional conclusions have been reached with regards to some of the potential (causal) links, complementary paths for more focused and qualitative studies are put forward.
PRODUCTION OF ULTRAFINE-GRAINED TITANIUM BY INDUSTRIAL CALIBER ROLLING

The possibility of mass production of ultrafine-grained (UFG) titanium by industrial caliber rolling was examined. As complementary investigations, laboratory caliber rolling tests were also performed. The mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the rolled materials were studied. The process led to an UFG microstructure with high dislocation density, accompanied by high tensile strength and good ductility. Mathematical modeling indicated that the refinement of the grains was caused by the large shear strains and the non-monotonicity of deformation, i.e. caliber rolling can be regarded as a severe plastic deformation procedure. In addition, the characteristics of the samples processed by industrial caliber rolling were compared to those produced under laboratory conditions. The microstructure and the mechanical properties of the materials processed by the two ways were similar, indicating that industrial caliber rolling is capable of mass production of UFG titanium.
N O T I C E THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED FROM MICROFICHE. ALTHOUGH IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT CERTAIN PORTIONS ARE ILLEGIBLE, IT IS BEING RELEASED IN THE INTEREST OF MAKING AVAILABLE AS MUCH

Ultraviolet light curves have been obtained for the cuiescent dwarf novae U Gem and VW Hyi. The amplitude of the hump associated with the accretion hot spot is much smaller in the UV than in the visible. This implies that the bright s pot temperature is roughly 12000 K if it is optically thick. A hotter spot would have to be optically thin in the near UV. The flux distribution of U Gem in quiescence cannot %te fitted by model spectra of steady state, viscous accretion disks. The absolute luninosity, the flux distribution, and the far UV spectrum suggest that the primary star is visible in the far W. The optical-UV flux distribution of VW Hyi could be matched roughly by our model accretion disks, but the fitting is Poorly constrained due to the uncer-tainty in its distance.
A Bayesian Model for Plan Recognition in RTS Games Applied to StarCraft

The task of keyhole (unobtrusive) plan recognition is central to adaptive game AI. “Tech trees” or “build trees” are the core of real-time strategy (RTS) game strategic (long term) planning. This paper presents a generic and simple Bayesian model for RTS build tree prediction from noisy observations, which parameters are learned from replays (game logs). This unsupervised machine learning approach involves minimal work for the game developers as it leverage players’ data (com- mon in RTS). We applied it to StarCraft1 and showed that it yields high quality and robust predictions, that can feed an adaptive AI.
THE FOLDING KINETICS OF RIBONUCLEASE Sa AND A CHARGE-REVERSAL VARIANT

The Folding Kinetics of Ribonuclease Sa and a Charge-Reversal Variant. (December 2004) Jared Matthew Trefethen, B.S., University of California, Los Angeles Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. C. Nick Pace The primary objective was to study the kinetics of folding of RNase Sa. Wild-type RNase Sa does not contain tryptophan. A tryptophan was substituted at residue 81 (WT*) to allow fluorescence spectroscopy to be used to monitor folding. This tryptophan mutation did not change the stability. An analysis of the folding kinetics of RNase Sa showed two folding phases, indicating the presence of an intermediate and consistent with the following mechanism: D ↔ I ↔ N. Both refolding limbs of the chevron plot (abcissa = final conc. of denaturant and ordinate = kinetic rate) had non-zero slopes suggesting that proline isomerization was not rate-limiting. The conformational stability of a charge-reversed variant, WT*(D17R), of a surface exposed residue on RNase Sa has been studied by equilibrium techniques. This mutant with a single amino acid charge reversal of a surface exposed residue resulted in decreased stability. Calculations using Coulomb’s Law suggested that favorable electrostatic interactions in the denatured state were the cause for the decreased stability for the charge-reversed variant. Folding and unfolding kinetic studies were designed and conducted to study the
Teacher Trainees' Opinions Regarding Video-Recorded Microteaching Sessions.

For many years, microteaching has been acknowledged as one the best training techniques in teacher education. It is a useful tool to apply theory into practice and to help teacher trainees develop their teaching skills. Yet there are some constraints observed in traditional microteaching. The two most important and common restrictions are limited opportunities of microteaching due to time constraints and lack self-reflection on microteaching performances. A mixed method research seemed to well suit to investigate this problem. The researcher conducted a video aided supplementary task, an out-of-class videorecorded microteaching session ( OCVMT ) for English language teacher trainees (n=55), to cope with the two common problems she faced in her microteaching sessions while teaching methodology classes. At the end of the semester, in addition to the portfolios including their self-evaluation reports and opinions of the OCVMT task, a survey was used to collect data about the teacher trainees opinions of the OCVMT sessions. The findings showed that the video-recorded microteaching sessions worked well in teacher education programs. The OCVMT sessions were found to solve the two most common problems faced in microteaching.
The Mathematical description of the lactation curve of ruminants: issues and perspectives

Test day records of milk production traits in the main livestock species reared for milk production were analyzed with several empirical mathematical models, with aim to identify suitable functions to fit different types of lactation curve shape. In the first chapter the modelling of extended lactations in dairy cows were analyzed. Several empirical mathematical models currently used to fit lactations with a function developed specifically for long patterns were compared. The second experimental contribution has approached a common problem when small ruminant lactation curves are modelled. In the specific case of the Sarda goat, the partial overlapping of altitude of location of flock with the partition into three different genetic subpopulation represents a further peculiarity. The third study was a investigation on the peculiar situation of the Massese breed ewes, where the intensification of reproductive cycle results in an alternate sequence of long and short lactations for each ewe. A frequent issue in modelling lactation curves is represented by relevant occurrence of atypical shapes, i.e. those that lacks of the peak yield and consist of a monotonically decreasing pattern.