Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiphysics Simulation of Plasmonic Photoconductive Devices Using Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

Plasmonic nanostructures significantly improve the performance of photoconductive devices (PCDs) in generating terahertz radiation. However, they are geometrically intricate and result in complicated electromagnetic (EM) field and carrier interactions under a bias voltage and upon excitation by an optical EM wave. These lead to new challenges in simulations of plasmonic PCDs, which cannot be addressed by existing numerical frameworks. In this article, a multiphysics framework making use of discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods is developed to address these challenges. The operation of the PCD is analyzed in stationary and transient states, which are described by coupled systems of the Poisson and stationary drift-diffusion (DD) equations and the time-dependent Maxwell and DD equations, respectively. Both systems are discretized using DG schemes. The nonlinearity of the stationary system is accounted for using the Gummel iterative method while the nonlinear coupling between the time-dependent Maxwell and DD equations is tackled during time integration. The DG-based discretization and the explicit time marching help in handling space and time characteristic scales that are associated with different physical processes and differ by several orders of magnitude. The accuracy and applicability of the resulting multiphysics framework are demonstrated via simulations of conventional and plasmonic PCDs.
Uplink Channel Estimation and Signal Extraction Against Malicious Intelligent Reflecting Surface in Massive MIMO System

This paper investigates the effect of malicious intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) in a massive MIMO uplink.The IRSs are used by malicious users (MUs) for randomly reflecting pilot and data sequences of legitimate users (LUs) to a base station (BS), we consider the problem of channel estimation and signal extraction in the presence of the malicious IRSs. Firstly, we find that by using the IRSs, the reflected sequences are correlative to the data sequences of LUs. This correlation challenges traditional channel estimation techniques. To be more precisely, we prove that the right singular matrix of a received signal at the BS is a function of the correlation between the legitimate and reflection data in a large-scale antenna regime. As a result, the correlation caused by malicious IRSs degrades the performance of traditional channel estimation methods based on eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) of the received signals. To address this challenge, we propose a signal extraction and channel estimation method to combat malicious IRSs. More precisely, geometric arguments, such as convex hulls of extracted signals exhibit insensitive to the correlation. The convex hulls are thus utilized to provide signal extraction and channel estimation criteria. To optimize these criteria, we develop an extractor that can capture the convex hulls of desired signals from noisy signals. Based on this, we formulate two optimization problems, whose global minima are solved to perform signal extraction and channel estimation. Experimental results show that when the IRSs randomly flop reflection phases with probability of 0.8, the proposed method outperforms the EVD-based method by more than 5 dB in the sense of normalized mean square error (NMSE).
Baselines for higher-order cumulants of net-charge distributions from local charge conservation

In studies of heavy-ion collisions, fluctuations of conserved quantities are considered as an important signal of the transition between the hadronic and partonic phases of nuclear matter. In this paper, it is investigated how the local charge conservation affects higher-order cumulants of net-charge distributions at LHC energies. Simple expressions for the cumulants are derived under the assumption that particle-antiparticle pairs are produced in local processes from sources that are nearly uncorrelated in rapidity. For calculations with these expressions, one needs to know only the second cumulant of net-charge distribution and low-order cumulants of particle number distribution, which are directly measurable experimentally. It is argued that if one wishes to relate susceptibilities with cumulants of net-proton distributions, the developed model provides a better baseline than the conventional Skellam limit or models based on monte-carlo simulations.
Abstract Wiener measure using abelian Yang-Mills action on $\mathbb{R}^4$

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be the Lie algebra of a compact Lie group. For a $\mathfrak{g}$-valued 1-form $A$, consider the Yang-Mills action \begin{equation} S_{{\rm YM}}(A) = \int_{\mathbb{R}^4} \left|dA + A \wedge A \right|^2\ d\omega \nonumber \end{equation} using the standard metric on $T\mathbb{R}^4$. When we consider the Lie group ${\rm U}(1)$, the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ is isomorphic to $\mathbb{R} \otimes i$, thus $A \wedge A = 0$. For some simple closed loop $C$, we want to make sense of the following path integral, \begin{equation} \frac{1}{Z}\ \int_{A \in \mathcal{A} /\mathcal{G}} \exp \left[ \int_{C} A\right] e^{-\frac{1}{2}\int_{\mathbb{R}^4}|dA|^2\ d\omega}\ DA, \nonumber \end{equation} whereby $DA$ is some Lebesgue type of measure on the space of $\mathfrak{g}$-valued 1-forms, modulo gauge transformations, $\mathcal{A} /\mathcal{G}$, and $Z$ is some partition function. We will construct an Abstract Wiener space for which we can define the above Yang-Mills path integral rigorously, using renormalization techniques found in lattice gauge theory. We will further show that the Area Law formula do not hold in the abelian Yang-Mills theory.
Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) from six geographical populations of China Sea based on mitochondrial D-loop gene

A swimming crab is one of the most economically important edible marine crabs in the East Asia area,and it is widely distributed in the coastal waters of China,Japan and Korea.To assess the level of genetic diversity and genetic variation of swimming crab populations along China coasts,the species from the six geographical populations from China Sea(Dalian,Dongying,Lianyungang,Zhangzhou,Zhoushan and Zhanjiang)were studied based on mitochondrial D-loop whole gene sequences.There were 1 141 bp,185 variation sites and 129 parsimony informative sites in D-loop whole gene sequences.And there were 48 haplotypes among 60 swimming crab individuals.Nucleotide diversity index and Haplotype diverstity index together revealed a high genetic diversity and low selective effect for swimming crab populations in China Sea.The genetic differential index FST of total six populations was 0.189 72,which meant that the genetic differentiation among populations was moderate and significant(P0.05)and the inferred differentiation time was about(196.8-260.5)×103 years.Low gene flow indicated that there were genetic differentiations among the fifteen groups,except between LYG and DY,ZJ,ZZ,respectively,in addition between ZJ and ZZ(Nem5). Especially,there were pronounced levels of genetic differentiation between ZS and the others and a moderate genetic differentiation between DL and LYG,DY,ZJ and ZZ,respectively.The genetic distance had no significant correlation with geographical distance,so there may be more intricate reasons in population occurrence and spread.
FX co-movements: disentangling the role of global market factors, carry-trades and idiosyncratic components

This paper models high and low frequency dynamic components of FX excess return correlations and examines their relationship with economic fundamentals. A factor currency pricing model is used to characterize the correlation structure of FX excess returns. I provide evidence on high levels of comovement in FX markets during the post-crisis (or recovery) period following the 2008 financial turmoil. I find that while the low frequency component of systematic volatility shows an increasing trend during this recent period, the low frequency component of idiosyncratic volatilities presents declining patterns. These two effects explain the increase in average long-term correlations. In terms of idiosyncratic effects, my results suggest that country-specific inflation levels and real output growth significantly affect the time-series and cross-sectional variation of long-term FX idiosyncratic volatilities.
The influence of motility on bacterial accumulation in a microporous channel.

We study the transport of bacteria in a porous media modeled by a square channel containing one cylindrical obstacle via molecular dynamics simulations coupled to a lattice Boltzmann fluid. Our bacteria model is a rod-shaped rigid body which is propelled by a force-free mechanism. To account for the behavior of living bacteria, the model also incorporates a run-and-tumble process. The model bacteria are capable of hydrodynamically interacting with both of the channel walls and the obstacle. This enables the bacteria to get reoriented when experiencing a shear-flow. We demonstrate that this model is capable of reproducing the bacterial accumulation on the rear side of an obstacle, as has recently been experimentally observed by [G. L. Miño, et al., Adv. Microbiol. , 2018, 8, 451] using E. coli bacteria. By systematically varying the external flow strength and the motility of the bacteria, we resolve the interplay between the local flow strength and the swimming characteristics that lead to the accumulation. Moreover, by changing the geometry of the channel, we also reveal the important role of the interactions between the bacteria and the confining walls for the accumulation process.
Study on Seroprevalence a Pleuropneumonia in Southern Nation a Regional State i

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 In Amaro District of SNNP region to determine the seroprevalence of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia (CBPP) and to assess the potential risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study a total of 400 sera were examined for the presence of sp antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoides sub species mycoides small colony type competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Asssay (c of CBPP in this study was 127/400 (31.8%). The seroprevalence of CBPP at peas association level was 7%, 28%, 34% and 58% in Jello, Kele, Golbe and Gamule PA’s respectively. There is Statistically significant Variation ( result of the disease and peasant associations(X =10.645, P=0.005) and herd size(X=14.972, factors such as age and sex were not significantly associated ( of the animal. The major risk factors identified during this study were associated uncontrolled cattle movement. In conclusion the present study indicated that the overall prevalence of CBPP in SNNP region, Amaro special woreda was higher as compared to other research findings. This warrants the need to ins control measures to stop further spread of this economically devastating disease. Copyright@2015 STAR Journal
Organizational Culture and Employee Performance: An Analysis of a Post-Acquisition

The Purpose of this study was to analyze how sugar firm such as PT. Gendhis Multi Manis in Blora (after 4 years of being established as a private firm) was acquired by the Indonesia Logistics Bureau (BULOG) in 2015. In fact, firms have been rarely in a relatively fast time (3 years post-acquisition) have been able to improve employee performance with quickly adaptable organizational culture. The population of this study was employees who still existed before and after the acquisition. The sample was 100 employees, which determined by applying proportional sampling technique. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that there was no organizational culture difference both before and after the acquisition, but there were differences in terms of their performance. Organizational culture further has a stronger influence on employee performance before the acquisition. This is considered very reasonable because they are still in the stage of adjusting to the culture that has been running for 3 years. Key-words: organizational culture, compensation, job satisfaction, employee performance, acquisition * Corresponding author email: astuti_sda@dsn.dinus. ac.id WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS Kusni Ingsih, Sih Darmi Astuti, Ana Kadarningsih E-ISSN: 2224-2899 185 Volume 16, 2019
STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE OF SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS ON EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT, IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT

The subject of social security contributions is not fully studied taking into account its importance, so the main objective of this research is to analyze the impact they have on the labor market. Through this research it is intended to respond if social security contributions have an influence on the decrease of labor demand, as well as on the labor supply. The research methodology involves the use of descriptive and comparative methods of the current situation, at the level of seven countries within the European Union, during 2007-2017. Then they will be followed by the analysis of the relationship between the contributions and the employment rate, respectively the unemployment rate. With SPSS software, backward method, it has been concluded that there is a positive correlation between total social security contributions and the unemployment rate, as well as a negative relationship between total social security contributions and the employment rate.
Asymmetrically Timely Loss Recognition and the Accrual Anomaly: Evidence From Pakistan’s Non-financial Sectors

An important role of Conditional conservatism is to align the timely expense recognition of revenue generated in terms of losses compared to the profit over negative components of accruals. Accrual anomaly shows asymmetric differential persistence for accruals and cash flows in years of economic gains rather than losses. The aim of this study to determine the asymmetric timely loss recognition and accrual anomaly of the non-financial firms listed at Pakistan Stock exchange (PSX). Top volume non-financial firms listed at PSX were taken for this study over a period of 2011 to 2018. The direct implication of this research on the pattern of pricing of accrual component of earning exhibits positive relationship of excess returns with accruals and stock returns; whereas negative relationship with earnings, market capitalization and indicator variable of profit firms. Overall, research result is consistent with Konstantinidi et al. (2015), the accrual effect on stock return is existent for earnings generated firms, while not apparent for loss firms. This evidence provides relevant information on the aspects of accrual anomaly and its association with the variables of conditional conservatism on the pricing of accrual during the profit years.
The reflexive pronoun ži in Northern Akhvakh: A corpus-based study

Northern Akhvakh, spoken in western Daghestan, belongs to the Andic sub-branch of the Avar-Andic(-Tsezic) branch of the Nakh-Daghestanian family. It is documented through Magomedbekova’s (1967) monograph, Magomedova & Abdulaeva’s (2007) dictionary, and a series of articles by the author of this presentation (Creissels 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016a, 2016b, 2017, 2018, Forthcoming). The analysis of the Northern Akhvakh reflexive pronoun ži proposed in this paper is entirely based on a corpus of texts that were collected mainly in Tadmagitl’ and Lologonitl’ with the help of Indira Abdulaeva. The corpus includes 625 occurrences of ži. The pronoun ži occurs in intensifying, reflexive, and logophoric functions, either in its simple form or in a form enlarged by the addition of the intensifying particle -da. The use of identical or related forms in attested in many languages of the world, and pronouns cognate with Akhvakh ži fulfilling similar functions are found in the other Andic languages. The main contribution of this paper to the debate on reflexivity is that it provides a corpus-based study of the functions fulfilled by the two forms of the pronoun ži (the bare form and the da-form) in Northern Akhvakh. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 provides basic information about Northern Akhvakh morphosyntax. Section 3 gives the inventory of pronouns relevant to this study (personal pronouns, demonstratives, and the pronoun ži) and describes their morphological properties. Section 4 provides an overview of the uses of ži. Section 5 describes the use of ži in local reflexivization. Section 6 is devoted to long-distance reflexivization (including logophoricity). Section 7 summarizes the main conclusions.
Effect of soil depth and topography on physical and chemical properties of soil along federal college of forestry, Ibadan North West, Oyo State

Soil properties along a toposequence is a key to sustainable crop and soil productivity, hence the need to study the effect of toposequence and soil depth on physical and chemical properties of soil around Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan, Oyo-State. Four profile pits were dug along the toposequence in Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan, Oyo-State. Soil samples were collected from three soil depth (0 - 30 cm, 30 - 45 cm, and 45 - 60cm) from four profile pits that was dug along the toposequence, (crest, sedentary, middle and valley bottom) for analysis of physical, morphological and chemical properties following standard procedures at the laboratory. The results showed that the consistency of the soil in profile pit 1 (crest) is slightly sticky and slightly plastic compared to soil in profile pit 2 (sedentary) that is predominantly nonplastic while profile pit 3 and 4, (middle/creep and valley bottom) are non-plastic, non-sticky, slightly sticky. The highest total porosity values was recorded at the valley bottom of the forest (57.74 %), followed by middle of the forest (53.21 %) while the least was by crest of the forest (51.7 %). The highest saturated hydraulic conductivity was recorded at the crest of the forest (15.91 cm hr-1) and the least by valley bottom of the forest (8.44 cm hr-1). Likewise bulk density values at the crest of the forest (1.28 g cm-3) was the highest compared to valley bottom of the forest (1.12 g cm-3). The highest (52 mg kg-1) and the lowest (1 mg kg-1) available P values were recorded at the valley bottom layers of the forest land soils and sedentary of the forest land soils, respectively. The highest exchangeable Ca was found in the valley bottom of forest soils (4.44 cmol kg-1) at the upper topographic position, whilst the lowest values were recorded at the crest layers of forest soils (1.2 cmol kg-1) at the middle topographic positions. Thus, it was concluded that the soils position on the topography affects the composition of the soil at each sampling point. This indicated that landscape in the study area affects the process of soil formation. Therefore, integrated soil fertility management and soil conservation measures are required in all topographic positions to maintain soil physicochemical properties. Key words: Toposequence, soil profile, physical properties, chemical properties
Early Detection of Parkinson Disease using Deep Neural Networks on Gait Dynamics

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative movement disorder causing considerable disability. However, the early detection of this syndrome and of its progression rates may be decisive for the identification of appropriate therapies. For this reason, the adoption of Neural Networks to detect this disease on the base of walking information is gaining more and more interest. In this paper, we defined a Deep Neural Network based approach allowing one to exploit the information coming from various sensors located under the feet of a person. The proposed approach allows one to discriminate people affected by the Parkinson syndrome and detect the progression rates of the disease itself. To evaluate the proposed architecture we used a known dataset with the aim to compare its performance with other similar approaches. Moreover, we performed an in-depth hyper-parameter optimization to find out the best neural network configuration for the specific task. The comparison shows that the proposed classifier, trained with the best parameters, outperforms the results proviously obtained in other studies on the same dataset.
PII: S0022-247X(02)00125-7

Using the theory of fixed point index, we establish new results for the existence of nonzero solutions of integral equations of the form u(t) = ∫G k(t, s)f (s,u(s)) ds, where G is a compact set in Rn andk changes sign, so positive solutions may not exist, f satisfies Carathéodory conditions and k may be discontinuous. We apply our results to prove the existence of nontrivial solutions of some nonlocal boundary value problems.  2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
A Muscle-Reflex Model of Forelimb and Hindlimb of Felidae Family of Animal with Dynamic Pattern Formation Stimuli

Human and animal locomotion are controlled by complex neural circuits, which can also serve as inspiration for designing locomotion controllers for dynamic locomotion in legged robots. We develop a locomotion controller model including a central pattern generator (CPGs) and a muscle reflex based on the forelimb and hindlimb structures of a cat. In this paper, we focus on modeling the muscle reflex and its optimization. This muscle reflex model regulates ground force afferents in each limb. There are two phases in each step performed by this model, the swing and stance phases. The muscle during swing phase is activated by a pattern formation signal from the CPG. During stance phase, the muscle is automatically controlled by the moving speed. We utilize a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to optimize parameters of the model. We use the proposed model to control a cat-like robot in simulations using Open Dynamics Engine. Results show that the simulated robot is able to move at different speeds by modulating simple stimulation signals to the CPG without needing to modify muscle and reflex parameters.
Improving Tax Compliance without Increasing Revenue: Evidence from Population-Wide Randomized Controlled Trials in Papua New Guinea

We study the effect of “nudges” on taxpayers who have varying tax-compliance histories in Papua New Guinea. We present the results from two population-wide randomized controlled trials conducted in a setting that is characterized by low compliance rates and a lack of effective enforcement. We test the effect of text messages, flyers, and emails that remind taxpayers of declaration due dates and provide information about the public benefits of paying taxes. We find that the treatments increased the number of tax declarations filed without increasing the amount of tax paid because the taxpayers who responded to the nudges reported a tax liability of zero. This result is consistent across tax types, communication channels, and time periods. We also find that the treatments had no effect on previously nonfiling taxpayers. Collectively, our results illustrate that taxpayers who face the lowest cost of compliance are the most likely to respond to a nudge.
Who Shops at a Mature Farmers’ Market?

Growth in the number of farmers’ markets is slowing. As of August 2017, there were 8,687 markets, double the number from 10 years ago but only a 0.2% growth from the previous year (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2018), indicating that growth in the number of markets has leveled off. Many parts of the country, particularly in urban areas, are witnessing a saturation of farmers’ markets. Producers complain that maintaining a presence at multiple markets has increased costs more than it has added revenues (Zepeda and Reznickova, 2018). These vendors question whether adding markets increases the number of shoppers or just makes it more convenient for those customers currently shopping at farmers’ markets.