Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
bifurcation in the 20E-responsive transcriptional cascade. KEY WORDS: Nuclear receptor signaling, Ecdysone, Transcriptional

(carl.thummel@genetics.utah.edu) Accepted 14 October 2009 SUMMARY Studies of the onset of metamorphosis have identified an ecdysone-triggered transcriptional cascade that consists of the sequential expression of the transcription-factor-encoding genes DHR3 ,  FTZ-F1 , E74A and E75A . Although the regulatory interactions between these genes have been well characterized by genetic and molecular studies over the past 20 years, their developmental functions have remained more poorly understood. In addition, a transcriptional sequence similar to that observed in prepupae is repeated before each developmental transition in the life cycle, including mid-embryogenesis and the larval molts. Whether the regulatory interactions between DHR3 ,  FTZ-F1 , E74A and E75A at these earlier stages are similar to those defined at the onset of metamorphosis, however, is unknown. In this study, we turn to embryonic development to address these two issues. We show that mid-embryonic expression of DHR3 and  FTZ-F1 is part of a 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E)-triggered transcriptional cascade similar to that seen in mid-prepupae, directing maximal expression of E74A and E75A during late embryogenesis. In addition, DHR3 and  FTZ-F1 exert overlapping developmental functions at the end of embryogenesis. Both genes are required for tracheal air filling, whereas DHR3 is required for ventral nerve cord condensation and  FTZ-F1 is required for proper maturation of the cuticular denticles. Rescue experiments support these observations, indicating that DHR3 has essential functions independent from those of  FTZ-F1 . DHR3 and  FTZ-F1 also contribute to overlapping transcriptional responses during embryogenesis. Taken together, these studies define the lethal phenotypes of DHR3 in four replicates to facilitate subsequent statistical analysis. Probe labeling, hybridization to two-color Agilent Drosophila 44K arrays and scanning were performed by the University of Utah Microarray Core Facility. The data were quantile normalized using R, and the fold changes in gene expression and t-statistics were determined using GeneSifter (VizX Labs, Seattle, WA). p-values were calculated using the Benjamimi and Hochberg correction for false-discovery rate. Comparison between microarray datasets was performed using Microsoft Access. Microarray data from this study can be accessed at NCBI GEO (accession number: GSE18577). Northern blot analysis was conducted essentially as described by Karim and Thummel (Karim
CMAR_A_270467 9183..9195

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: To evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with macroscopic bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT). Patients and Methods: This study included 109 patients who underwent R0 resection for HCC with BDTT between January 2008 and December 2017: non-TACE (48) and PA-TACE (61). Propensity-score matching (PSM) was conducted in a 1:1 ratio. Recurrence and overall survival (OS) rates were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Independent risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Subgroup analysis was performed by risk-factor stratification. Results: The recurrence rates in the non-TACE and PA-TACE groups were different at 6 months (50.9% vs 26.9%, P=0.03) before PSM and at 6 months (59.3% vs 26.5%, P=0.02) and 12 months (81.4% vs 37.5%, P=0.022) after PSM. OS rates of the non-TACE and PA-TACE groups were different at 6 months (74.0% vs 91.6%, P<0.001) and 12 months (61.1% vs 77.6%, P=0.01) before PSM and at 6 months (73.0% vs 96.8%, P=0.01), 12 months (52.1% vs 89.6%, P=0.001), and 18 months (33.8% vs 64.4%, P=0.034) after PSM. PA-TACE was an independent prognostic factor for both recurrence and OS before and after PSM. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with no HBV infection, tumors >5 cm, macrovascular invasion, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) >400 ng/mL, or gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) >150 U/L benefited significantly from PA-TACE in terms of recurrence rates (all P<0.05). Patients with no HBV infection, multiple tumors, tumors >5 cm, macrovascular invasion, or AFP >400 ng/mL benefited significantly from PATACE in terms of OS (all P<0.05). Conclusion: PA-TACE could prolong the short-term prognosis of HCC with macroscopic BDTT and should be recommended for patients with no HBV infection, multiple tumors, tumors >5 cm, poor differentiation, macrovascular invasion, AFP >400 ng/mL, or GGT >150 U/L.
Studying Within-Person Changes in Work Motivation in the Short and MediumTerm: You Will Likely Need More Measurement Points than You Think!

Within-person analysis of data from longitudinal designs has become popular in the field. However, important characteristics of the design can influence that variability. In this paper, we examine how the number of measurement points obtained per participant influences in the within-person variance in work motivation. Using two sources of evidence (a systematic review and an empirical study) we show how the number of assessments substantially influences the amount of within-person variance reaching values of 52%-54% of total variance. We found that a minimum of 25-30 measurement points per participant is required to be rigorous.
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Braincase of Panphagia protos (Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha)

—We describe a partial braincase of the basal sauropodomorph Panphagia protos from the Upper Triassic (mid- Carnian) horizons of the Ischigualasto Formation. The disarticulated braincase from a subadult individual includes one frontal, both parietals, one prootic, and the supraoccipital. The frontal is longer anteroposteriorly than it is wide transversely, has a small anterolateral process, and an elongate oval depression for the olfactory bulb. The supraoccipital is broader transversely than it is deep dorsoventrally and lacks a pronounced median nuchal eminence. Some braincase features that characterize more derived basal sauropodomorphs are not present in Panphagia , including a broader frontal and reduced anterior tympanic and ﬂoccular recesses. Panphagia appears to represent an early stage in the evolution of sauropodomorph dinosaurs. que ancho transversalmente, tiene un peque˜no proceso anterolateral y una depresi´on alargada oval para el bulbo olfatorio. El supraoccipital es transversalmente m´as ancho que dorsoventralmente alto y carece de una eminencia nucal media pronunciada. Algunas de las caracter´ısticas que caracterizan los neurocr´aneos de sauropodomorfos basales m´as derivados no est´an presentes en Panphagia , incluyendo el frontal ancho y la reducci´on de las cavidades timp´anica anterior y ﬂocular. Panphagia parece representar una etapa temprana en la evoluci´on de los dinosaurios sauropodomorfos.
Including refugees in the labour market: the Swiss approach

(93) Professor, Head of research axe 'Teaching and learning in VET', Swiss Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (SFIVET), Switzerland (Antje.Barabasch@ehb.swiss). (94) Professor, Co-Head of research field 'Learning processes and support', Swiss Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (SFIVET), Switzerland (Ursula.Scharnhorst@ehb.swiss). (95) Dr, Senior lecturer and Senior researcher, Observatory for Vocational Education and Training, Swiss Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (SFIVET), Switzerland (Seraina.Leumann@ehb.swiss). (96) Three categories of asylum migrants are distinguished in Switzerland: recognised refugees, temporarily admitted refugees and other temporarily admitted persons. For details regarding their residence permits and the underlying legal acts see SEM, 2019a. (97) https://www.sem. admin.ch/dam/data/sem/integration/agenda/faktenblatt-integrationsagenda-d.pdf [accessed18.11. 19]. © Antje Barabasch (93), Ursula Scharnhorst (94) and Seraina Leumann (95)
as influenced systems Growth, yield and nutrient uptake by sesame as influenced by intercropping systems and sulphur levels under semi-arid region of Rajasthan

An experiment was carried out at Jobner, Rajasthan during kharif season of 2011 to find out the effect of intercropping system and sulphur level in sesame. The effect of intercropping systems revealed that planting of mothbean and sesame in 2:1 paired row ratio recorded significantly higher dry matter accumulation at 60 DAS and at harvest and N, P and S concentration in seed and stover of sesame as compared to sole sesame. However, plant height at all the growth stages, dry matter accumulation at 30 DAS and oil content in seed of sesame remained statistically same as sole crop. Highest seed yield (7.21 q/ha) and total uptake of N, P and S in sesame was recorded in sole crop which significantly higher than intercropping systems. However, significantly highest sesame equivalent yield (7.90 q/ha), land equivalent ratio (1.11) and net monetary returns (Rs 24150/ha) were registered with mothbean + sesame (2:1) intercropping system. The graded levels of sulphur up to 40 kg/ha significantly increased plant height and dry matter accumulation at different growth stages, N concentration in seed and stover, P concentration and oil content in seed and total uptake of N and P, seed yield (4.46 q/ha), sesame equivalent yield (7.95 q/ha), LER (1.08) and net returns (Rs 24540/ha). However, significant improvement in P concentration in stover, S concentration in seed and stover and total S uptake were observed up to 60 kg S/ha. Thus application of 40 kg S/ha in sesame intercropping system was found suitable considering input economy as it recorded 28.62 and 8.20% higher seed yield and 42.12 and 10.93% higher net monetary returns over control and application of 20 kg S/ha, respectively.
Doxycycline Is Anti-Inﬂammatory and Inhibits Staphylococcal Exotoxin-Induced Cytokines and Chemokines

Proinﬂammatory cytokines mediate the toxic effect of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). Doxy- cycline inhibited SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation and production of cytokines and chemokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results suggest that the antibiotic doxycycline has anti-inﬂamma- tory effects and is therapeutically useful for mitigating the pathogenic effects of SE. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) and the structurally related exotoxins are bacterial exotoxins that bind directly to major histocompatibility complex class II mol-ecules on antigen-presenting cells (1, 5, 8, 18, 23) and activate T cells expressing speciﬁc V (cid:2) elements (7). These toxins are called superantigens because of their ability to polyclonally stimulate large populations of T cells (1, 4, 7, 14). Thus, staphylococcal exotoxins (SE) potent activators of the immune system and a variety of in including food toxic shock, and autoimmune with cells of the system in massive production of proinﬂammatory cytokines and chemokines
Medically Unexplained Syndromes in British Gulf Veterans Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in British Gulf War Veterans

The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in British Gulf War veterans and to investigate their association with reported exposures and psychologic morbidity. In 1997–1998, the authors undertook a cross-sectional survey of three cohorts of British military personnel comprising Gulf veterans ( n = 3,531), those who had served in Bosnia ( n = 2,050), and those serving during the Gulf War but not deployed there (Era cohort, n = 2,614). MCS and CFS were defined according to operational criteria. The prevalence of MCS in the Gulf, Bosnia, and Era cohorts was 1.3%, 0.3%, and 0.2%, respectively. For CFS, the prevalence was 2.1% (Gulf cohort), 0.7% (Bosnia cohort), and 1.8% (Era cohort). In Gulf veterans, MCS was strongly associated with exposure to pesticides (adjusted odds ratio = 12.3, 95% confidence interval: 5.1, 30.0). Both syndromes were associated with high levels of psychologic morbidity. These findings suggest that CFS and MCS account for some of the medically unexplained illnesses reported by veterans after deployment to the Gulf. MCS was particularly associated with Gulf deployment and self-reported exposure to pesticides, findings that merit further exploration given the controversial status of this diagnosis and the potential for recall bias in a questionnaire survey. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:604–9. This paper reports the first operationally defined prevalence numbers for CFS (0.7–2.1 percent) and MCS (0.2–1.3 percent) in an epidemiologic survey of British military personnel. Gulf War veterans were at high risk of both disorders, although the prevalence of CFS in Gulf War veterans was greater than that in the Bosnia cohort but not in the Era cohort.The limitations of a postal questionnaire survey in this population are discussed responses were upon case
Evaluation of the E ﬀ ects of Forest on Slope Stability and Its Implications for Forest Management: A Case Study of Bailong River Basin, China

: Previous studies have shown that the mechanical e ﬀ ects of vegetation roots on slope stability can be classiﬁed as additional cohesion e ﬀ ects and anchorage e ﬀ ects. The present study investigated the combined mechanical e ﬀ ects (additional cohesion e ﬀ ects and anchorage e ﬀ ects) of vegetation on a slope with coarse-grained soil in the mountainous region (signiﬁcantly prone to slope failure) of Gansu Province, China. A detailed survey of tree density, root system morphology and slope proﬁles was conducted, and we also assessed the soil cohesion provided by the root systems of monospeciﬁc stands of Robinia pseudoacacia growing in di ﬀ erent locations on the slope. The measured data were incorporated into a numerical slope model to calculate the stability of the slope under the inﬂuence of trees. The results indicated that it was necessary to consider the anchoring e ﬀ ect of coarse roots when estimating the mechanical e ﬀ ects of trees on slope stability. In particular, the FoS (factor of safety) of the slope was increased by the presence of trees. The results also demonstrated that vegetation increased slope stability. The reinforcing e ﬀ ects were most signiﬁcant when the trees were planted along the entire slope. Although the reinforcing e ﬀ ects contributed by trees were limited (only 4–11%), they were essential for making optimal use of vegetation for enhancing slope stability. Overall, vegetation development can make a major contribution to ecosystem restoration in the study region.
Structure and biological activities of calcitonin and procalcitonin amino-terminal cleavage peptide

The structure and biological activities of calcitonin and the preprocalcitonin amino-terminal cleavage peptide were examined. In brief, full length sequence of the sardine procalcitonin that composed of procalcitonin amino-terminal cleavage peptide (N-proCT) (53 amino acids), calcitonin (CT) (32 amino acids), and procalcitonin carboxyl-terminal cleavage peptide (C-proCT) (18 amino acids) was determined. Using a bioassay with goldfish scales, N-proCT (10 -7 M) was shown to activate osteoblastic marker enzyme activity and promote the mRNA expressions of osteoblastic markers. From Brockmann bodies of the medaka ( Oryzias latipes ), CT-like substances that reacted to anti-CT antibodies were separated using reversed-phase HPLC. The identified CT-like substance had bioactivity in rats. Immunoreactive calcitonin-producing cells (iCT) were found in the nervous system of the polychaete with immunohistochemistry. It was found that iCT-producing cells were located bilaterally in each segment of the ventral nerve cord. This suggests that iCT-producing cells have some functional role in the nervous system. Taking results bone; that CT originally produced in the nervous and acts locally as a Ectopic iCT found possibly a CT remnant originally produced in the nervous system. In N-proCT play a physiological role acting on osteoblasts and regulating bone metabolism, not only in sardines but also in other vertebrates.
3D printed alkali activated cement strain sensors

Concrete degradation is a significant challenge for asset managers, who are struggling to balance the need for monitoring and maintenance with the high costs and risks of manually deploying sensor and repair technologies. This paper presents 3D printed strain sensors based on alkali activated cement repairs, demonstrating a fixed-cost method for remotely deploying a combined monitoring and maintainence technology. The strain sensing response of printed self-sensing cements was investigated under compression and tension by monitoring changes in their electrical impedance. Gauge factors for self-sensing repairs printed onto concrete substrates were 8.6±1.6 under compression, with an adhesion strength of 0.6 MPa between printed repair and concrete substrate. Gauge factors for repairs printed onto glass fibre reinforced polymers were 38.4±21.6 under tension: more variable due to incompatibilities with the polymer substrate. Hysteresis in the strain response was always observed, and strain sensing repeatability could be improved through cyclic loading. We also show that strain sensitivity can be adjusted after deployment by altering the configuration of interrogated electrodes. This proof-of-concept is a step towards monitoring and maintenance methods that are more compatible with the time and cost drivers of modern construction.
MINIREVIEW Recognition of Nascent RNA by the Human La Antigen: Conserved and Divergent Features of Structure and Function

La is a conserved RNA-binding phosphoprotein that interacts with a large variety of ligands. The most ubiquitous function of La is association with newly synthesized RNA polymerase (Pol) III transcripts via their common UUU-OH 3 9 termini and stabilization of these against exonucleolytic digestion. Ac-cumulating evidence also indicates an activity for La in internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation in mammalian cells and in the metabolism of a subset of 3 9 -processed snRNA intermediates that end in uridylates but are synthesized by Pol II. The most highly conserved region of La resides in the N-terminal domain (NTD), and this appears to mediate high-afﬁnity UUU-OH recognition. As critically reviewed here by comparison to a consensus core RNA recognition motif (RRM) structure, the NTD can be modeled into a pair of tandem RRMs. In addition to the conserved NTD, human La (hLa) protein contains a C-terminal domain (CTD) that har-bors a third RRM and a potential Walker A motif that appears to recognize the 5 9 -ppp ends of nascent RNAs. The resulting bipartite mode of RNA binding can account for previously unexplained observations and may underlie a unifying princi-ple of La function. While a role for hLa in transcription remains controversial, its presence in a Pol III holoenzyme suggests a role reminiscent of the CTD of Pol II, as an integrator of transcriptional and posttranscriptional activities that
Entrepreneurs’ income taxation and firms’ productivity

This paper studies the eﬀect of tax incentives on the economic activity of entrepreneurs. We utilize Finnish tax reforms aﬀecting entrepreneurs’ income taxation. The impact of the reform did not depend only on pre-reform income, but also other characteristics, and applied only to the owners of unincorporated ﬁrms. These features allow us to utilize quasi-experimental methods by comparing unincorporated to incorporated ﬁrms. We ﬁnd a positive eﬀect that more lenient taxation increases the economic activity of entrepreneurs. We also ﬁnd evidence of tax planning behavior, which seems to be a non-negligible share of the overall eﬀect.
E ﬀ ect of Natural Aging of Biochar on Soil Enzymatic Activity and Physicochemical Properties in Long-Term Field Experiment

: The e ﬀ ect of di ﬀ erent rates of biochar on selected soil properties and enzymatic activity 48, 60, and 72 months after biochar application to soil was investigated. Soil enzymatic activity (dehydrogenase—ADh; phosphatase—Aph; urease—AU), the organic carbon content (TOC), the total nitrogen content (N t ), the mineral nitrogen content (NH 4 + , NO 3 − ), and soil pH were determined. The study was conducted on Haplic Podzol originating from glacioﬂuvial ﬁne-grained loamy sand. Biochar was applied to soil under winter rye ( Secale cereale L.) at rates of 10 (BC 10 ), 20 (BC 20 ), and 30 t ha − 1 (BC 30 ). Plots with biochar-unamended soil were the control treatment (BC 0 ). The pH, TOC, and N t content in the biochar-amended soil were higher compared to the control soil. A broader C:N ratio was found in the BC 0 soil compared to BC 10 , BC 20 , and BC 30 . With increasing biochar rate, the content of the ammonium nitrogen form (NH 4 + ) decreased and was statistically lower than in the control soil (BC 0 ). The soil in the BC 20 and BC 30 treatments was characterized by the highest content of NO 3- , whereas the lowest nitrate nitrogen content was found in the control soil (BC 0 ). Biochar application increased soil enzymatic activity. Dehydrogenase activity increased with increasing biochar rate. As far as phosphatase and urease activity is concerned, a similar relationship was not observed. In this case, the soil amended with biochar at a rate of 20 t ha − 1 (BC 20 ) was characterized by the highest phosphatase and urease activity.
-Intentions and Perceptions

Merger integration includes taking decisions to ensure procedures are shared within a company to achieve common goals. Simultaneously, research shows a need for adaption to specific units’ practices. Consequently, this paper aims to increase the understanding in the interaction between central and local views of management control in terms of the key concepts of budgets and key performance indicators. We pose the question of how intended and perceived control differs, as differences may implicate that control is not followed. It is examined by a theoretical framework built upon four archetypes of change. We used semistructured interviews to achieve a deep understanding in one merger case. The results show that top management use centralized control by commanding and informing employees in order to gain information from the local units. Yet, local units perceive the intended control as adapted due to that dialogue is used at this level. This amounts to the concept of “false socializing” that is argued to create a deeper understanding of merger integration. It depicts how local units can carry out and perceive control intentions made by a central unit.