Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alfvén waves in the auroral region, their Poynting flux, and reflection coefficient as estimated from Swarm observations

The European Space Agency's Swarm constellation can measure electric field, magnetic field, and plasma density on board multiple satellites at altitudes of about 500 km. Based on the data set at high latitudes, we estimate Poynting flux and ionospheric reflection coefficients of Alfvén waves with scale sizes of about 10–100 km. The reflection coefficients are generally higher surrounding the cusp and auroral regions than in the polar cap and higher in the summer than in the winter hemisphere. In the summer (winter) hemisphere the reflection coefficients generally peak on the dayside (nightside). Distributions of the reflection coefficients are not controlled by those of in situ plasma density. Poynting flux of the Alfvén waves maximizes surrounding the cusp and near‐midnight auroral region with magnitudes approaching 1 mW/m2, which are consistent with previous magnetospheric observations. The observed Poynting flux is downward on average for both hemispheres, and the magnitudes do not exhibit clear hemispheric asymmetry.
Frequency of Leg Pain, Edema, and its Associated Factors among Nurses Working on Shift Duty in Private Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi

Background: Long-standing hours cause nurses to be at high risk of lower extremity pain and edema that can lead to varicose veins and deep venous thrombosis. Objective: To determine the frequency of leg pain and edema and to determine the factors associated with leg pain and edema among nurses working in shifts on duty. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, carried out at Ziauddin Hospital Karachi on 242 male and female nurses. Non-probability purposive sampling method was used to access the participants. Data was collected on a questionnaire designed for the study, Pain numeric rating scale was used to record pain. A chi-square test of independence was applied to the association. The p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of a total of 242 nurses, the majority 84 (56.4%) were male nurses and 65(43.6%) were female nurses. Lower extremity pain was reported in 55 % and leg edema in 22.53% of participants. A significant association between right leg pain, left leg pain, low extremity pain, and leg edema was found with gender; females were more prone as compared to male nurses (p<0.001). Furthermore, a significant association between pain and leg edema is established in participants who were on double duty. The highest number of participants with leg pain and edema were observed in the sub group with body weight of 68 kg and above. There was a significant association between leg edema and the body weight. Conclusion: It is concluded that the frequency of leg pain and edema was much higher in nurses with body weight of 68kg and above and working double duty in a shift in a tertiary care private hospital.
EFFECT OF PROCESSING TECHNIQUES ON QUALITY, SENSORY AND HISTOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF WATERCRESS (NASTURTIUM OFICINALE R.BR.)

The effect of processing techniques on postharvest quality of watercress stored at ambient temperature was evaluated. For this purpose, following parameters such as moisture loss, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, total sugar, β-carotene, ash, crude fiber and sensory characteristics like colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability were studied at an interval of 3 days for a total period of 12th days. Results showed that the moisture loss, pH, ascorbic acid, total sugar, β-carotene, ash, crude fiber values were decreased with time while titratable acidity increased at the end of storage. The organoleptic attributes such as colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability were showed decreasing trend in all treatments. Maximum retention in mean scores in blanched + polyethylene was observed as compared to control. Results of scan electron microscopy also showed that blanched sample was proved best in maintaining the firmness of watercress leaves at last day of storage. Whereas, the control sample was decay at the 6th day of storage and unable to use further.
X-Intersected Silicon Modulator of Well-Rounded Performance

In silicon modulator design, implantation is always a key factor, significantly influencing the doping profile and carrier distribution. As waveguide doping is limited by the compact footprint of the modulator rib, three-dimensional complex optimization is a viable option to improve performance. This work proposes an X-intersected modulator based on two inversely slanted junctions using the effective 3D Monte Carlo method for junction generation. The optimized results show that the modulation efficiency of the design is 1.09 V·cm, while the loss is 18 dB/cm, and the 3 dB bandwidth reaches over 35 GHz owing to the decreased resistance and capacitance of the 3D junction. This work demonstrates the benefits of 3D doping design in silicon modulators, contributing to higher efficiency and avoiding additional PN overlap to introduce lower capacitance. The design of 3D doping profiles well balances the DC and AC performance, and provides novel modulator solutions for high-speed datacom.
Delay-Optimized Multi-User VR Streaming via End-Edge Collaborative Neural Frame Interpolation

In this article, with the objective of significantly increasing the frame rate of virtual reality (VR) videos, we design an efficient end-edge collaborative VR streaming system which consists of three modules: frame similarity analysis, offloading decision making, and collaborative frame interpolation. In specific, frame similarity analysis tries to eliminate redundant frames based on perceived quality assessment, so that the required number of interpolated frames can be reduced without deteriorating visual quality. Then, an end-to-end (E2E) delay optimization problem is formulated to obtain the optimal offloading strategy, by balancing the transmission and computing burden of neural frame interpolation via end-edge collaboration. Furthermore, the E2E delay of the proposed system is theoretically analyzed based on queuing theory. Our analysis reveals that, the proposed collaborative distribution of interpolation tasks between edge and end devices are effective to achieve the minimal E2E delay of streaming VR videos. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can significantly improve the frame rate of VR videos, while maintaining timely VR content delivery in various networking conditions.
Voices of (m)otherhood: Listening to the experiences of single and childless women

Single and childless women over the age of 35 constitute an expanding demographic in North America and many parts of the world, yet our society continues to place importance on marriage and family as markers of life success. This study explored how eight single (never-married) and childless women experience themselves during early midlife (ages 35–45) utilizing the Listening Guide method of analysis. Three categories of participant voices were uncovered in this research: voices which conveyed the positivity of living a single and childless identity (i.e. the voices of hope, faith, gratitude, nurturance, freedom, and resilience), voices which conveyed the struggles of living a single and childless identity (i.e. the voices of invisibility, shame, confusion, loneliness, guilt, longing, and uncertain waiting), and the voice of ambivalence. Implications for clinical practice and research are discussed.
Differentially Private Social Graph Publishing With Nearest Neighbor Structure Preservation

The goal of privacy-preserving social graph publishing is to protect individual privacy while preserving graph utility. Node nearest neighbor structure is a crucial social graph utility as it is the basis for many graph analysis tasks. Most existing methods with differential privacy focus on preserving degree distribution yet neglect the maintenance of connections between nodes’ neighbors. Moreover, they require massive noise added to mask the change of a single edge, thereby rendering poor utility on the neighbor structure. As a result, it is tough to preserve high utility on the neighbor structure under differential privacy. To tackle these problems, we propose Priv-NNS, a private graph publishing algorithm to preserve the neighbor structure while guaranteeing individual privacy. This algorithm first decomposes a graph into subgraphs via extracting a nearest neighbor structure around each node. Then to yield node vectors satisfying differential privacy while preserving the neighbor structure, we design a private graph encoding approach with structure-awareness, which learns topological features of the subgraph by maximizing the co-occurrence probability among nodes. During this process, a novel objective perturbation approach with a random term, only requiring a scalar noise rather than a vector noise, is devised to balance the neighbor structure retained against the noise injected. Through formal privacy analysis, we prove that the yielded synthetic graph obeys $\varepsilon $ -edge differential privacy. Experimental results demonstrate that Priv-NNS preserves high utility on the neighbor structure.
Endotracheal Intubation of Difficult Airways in Emergency Settings: A Guide for Innovators

Abstract Over 400,000 Americans are intubated in emergency settings annually, with indications ranging from respiratory failure to airway obstructions to anaphylaxis. About 12.7% of emergency intubations are unsuccessful on the first attempt. Failure to intubate on the first attempt is associated with a higher likelihood of adverse events, including oxygen desaturation, aspiration, trauma to soft tissue, dysrhythmia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest. Difficult airways, as classified on an established clinical scale, are found in up to 30% of emergency department (ED) patients and are a significant contributor to failure to intubate. Difficult intubations have been associated with longer lengths of stay and significantly greater costs than standard intubations. There exists a wide range of airway management devices, both invasive and noninvasive, which are available in the emergency setting to accommodate difficult airways. Yet, first-pass success rates remain variable and leave room for improvement. In this article, we review the disease states most correlated with intubation, the current landscape of emergency airway management technologies, and the market potential for innovation. The aim of this review is to inspire new technologies to assist difficult airway management, given the substantial opportunity for translation due to two key-value signposts of medical innovation: the potential to decrease cost and the potential to improve clinical outcomes.
How (Not) To Train Your Neural Network Using the Information Bottleneck Principle

In this theory paper, we investigate training deep neural networks (DNNs) for classification via minimizing the information bottleneck (IB) functional. We show that, even if the joint distribution between continuous feature variables and the discrete class variable is known, the resulting optimization problem suffers from two severe issues: First, for deterministic DNNs, the IB functional is infinite for almost all weight matrices, making the optimization problem ill-posed. Second, the invariance of the IB functional under bijections prevents it from capturing desirable properties for classification, such as robustness, architectural simplicity, and simplicity of the learned representation. We argue that these issues are partly resolved for stochastic DNNs, DNNs that include a (hard or soft) decision rule, or by replacing the IB functional with related, but more well-behaved cost functions. We conclude that recent successes reported about training DNNs using the IB framework must be attributed to such solutions. As a side effect, our results imply limitations of the IB framework for the analysis of DNNs.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Counseling with Cognitive Restructuring Techniques to Increase Students' Interest in Literacy

The lack of students’ literacy is required to be overcome in order to create well-informed and active human sources so it required an effective counselling technique. As a response of this current phenomenon, this research aimed at determining the effectiveness of Cognitive Counselling Theory with Cognitive Restructuring Techniques to Increase Students' Interest in Literacy. The type of quasi-experimental research is non-equivalent control group design with pre-test and post-test control group design. The involvement of students of class X, totalling 39 people as the experimental class and 39 as the control class were selected as the sample of this research. The data analysis method used is the t-test using the SPSS 20.0 Windows 10 program. The results of the t-count data analysis are evident from the t-hit value of 10,733 > 0,227 t-table. So that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion of this investigation was cognitive counselling with cognitive restructuring techniques is effectively used to increase literacy interest in SMA Negeri 2 Singaraja students. The implication of this study is on the change of the students cognitive and for the counsellor who wants to implement a new effective technique.
Nonlinear rotating viscoelastic jets during forcespinning process

In the usual forcespinning (FS) process, a fluid jet is forced through an orifice of a rotating spinneret leading to the formation of a jet with curved centreline. In this paper, we investigate the properties of nonlinear viscoelastic jets during the FS process. We apply scaling and perturbation techniques to determine the modelling system for the viscoelastic jets, subjected to the Giesekus constitutive equations for the stress tensor. We calculate numerically the expressions for the nonlinear steady solutions for the jet quantities such as radius, speed, stretching rate, strain rate, tensile force and trajectory. We determine these quantities for different values of the parameters such as those representing the effects due to rotation, surface tension, viscosity, jet drag and viscoelasticity. We find, in particular, that the fibre jet radius decreases and the tensile force increases with the jet arc length as well as with increasing the effects of rotation and viscoelasticity. Both viscosity and surface tension indicate stabilizing effect on the viscoelastic jet. In addition, strain rate, stretching rate and the jet speed increase with the arc length, viscoelasticity and rotation rate.
REPRESENTATION TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS

This research aims at analyzing the representation translation of Junior High School students in solving mathematical questions related to algebra. This research used descriptive qualitative approach. The focus of representation translation used in this research was the external representation which was a verbal translation into diagram, verbal into symbolic, symbolic into diagram, diagram into symbolic, and diagram into verbal. Based on the analysis of research findings, it shows that representation translation of students from verbal, symbolic, and diagram into verbal and diagram was not really mastered by the students. Meanwhile, the representation translation into symbolic was frequently used by the students although they were expected to do other translation rather than symbolic.
Temperature-dependent pseudogap in the oxypnictides LaFeAsO 1-x F x and LaFePO 1-x F x seen via angle-integrated photoemission

We have performed a temperature-dependent angle-integrated laser photoemission study of iron oxypnictide superconductors LaFeAsO:F and LaFePO:F exhibiting critical-transition temperatures (${T}_{c}$'s) of 26 and 5 K, respectively. We find that high-${T}_{c}$ LaFeAsO:F exhibits a temperature-dependent pseudogaplike feature extending over $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1\text{ }\text{eV}$ about the Fermi level at 250 K, whereas such a feature is absent in low-${T}_{c}$ LaFePO:F. We also find $\ensuremath{\sim}20\text{-meV}$ pseudogaplike features and signatures of superconducting gaps in both LaFeAsO:F and LaFePO:F. We discuss the possible origins of the unusual pseudogaplike features through comparison with the high-${T}_{c}$ cuprates.
Trousseau’s Syndrome with Advanced Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Colon: A Case Report

Here, we present a 69-year-old female with advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of colon with multiple liver, bone, and kidney metastases who developed Trousseau’s syndrome. The patient received etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) as the first-line therapy; however, after single administration of EP, she developed the severe lower-limb edema and EP was considered to be intolerable. Etoposide plus carboplatin was administered as the second-line therapy and after 3 cycles of administration, the progressive disease (PD) was confirmed and 5-fluorouracil + leucovorin + irinotecan (FOLFIRI) plus ramucirumab was administered as the third-line therapy. However, PD was confirmed after 3 cycles of the therapy, and she was to receive the best supportive care and was hospitalized in our hospital. Four weeks after hospitalization, mild impaired consciousness and dysarthria were observed. Blood tests showed coagulation abnormalities including elevation of plasma fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) and D-dimer levels, and the diffusion-weighted image of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head showed multiple cerebral infarcts. She was diagnosed with Trousseau’s syndrome due to the progression of NEC and intravenous unfractionated heparin was administered as anticoagulant therapy. After the administration of heparin, plasma FDP and D-dimer levels decreased; however, due to the progression of NEC, the patient died 6 weeks after hospitalization. This is the first report of NEC of the colon that developed Trousseau’s syndrome.
Novikov Engine with Fluctuating Heat Bath Temperature

Abstract The Novikov engine is a model for heat engines that takes the irreversible character of heat fluxes into account. Using this model, the maximum power output as well as the corresponding efficiency of the heat engine can be deduced, leading to the well-known Curzon–Ahlborn efficiency. The classical model assumes constant heat bath temperatures, which is not a reasonable assumption in the case of fluctuating heat sources. Therefore, in this article the influence of stochastic fluctuations of the hot heat bath’s temperature on the optimal performance measures is investigated. For this purpose, a Novikov engine with fluctuating heat bath temperature is considered. Doing so, a generalization of the Curzon–Ahlborn efficiency is found. The results can help to quantify how the distribution of fluctuating quantities affects the performance measures of power plants.
Effect of Managerial Ownership and Gender Diversity on Directors on Tax Avoidance with Audit Quality as a Moderation Variable

This research was conducted to ascertain and analyze the effect of managerial ownership and gender diversity on directors on tax avoidance with audit quality as moderation. This study also adds two control variables, namely profitability and firm size. The samples in this study used mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period and were sorted using the purposive sampling method so that 75 samples were obtained. By using multiple linear regression tests, the results of managerial ownership and gender diversity in directors have no effect on tax avoidance. Then audit quality strengthens the effect of managerial ownership on tax avoidance, and audit quality weakens the effect of gender diversity on directors on tax avoidance.
In‐flight RCS measurements of drones and birds at K‐band and W‐band

This study presents the in-flight radar cross-section (RCS) data of drones and birds at K-band and W-band obtained from extensive experimental trials. The focus of this study is to demonstrate the RCS characteristics of these targets in practical scenarios, hence experimental results are used exclusively. Owing to variations in orientation, aspect angle and target motion, the measured RCS values of these targets fluctuate significantly during their flight. Three very well-calibrated frequency modulated continuous wave radar systems, one operating at the K-band (24 GHz) and two at W-band (94 GHz), have been used to collect data for RCS analysis. Three drones of different sizes (DJI Phantom 3 Standard, DJI Inspire 1 and DJI S900 Hexacopter) and four birds of prey of different sizes (Northern Hawk Owl, Harris Hawk, Indian Eagle Owl and Tawny Eagle) have been used for data collection. The results demonstrate that the RCS scales broadly with the size of the target, consistent with the optical scattering regime and that the RCS values for each target are comparable at the K-band and the W-band. The statistical distribution of RCS for each target falls within a certain range which is useful for predicting the performance of a drone detection radar.
High-resolution Spectroscopic Observations of Single Red Giants in Three Open Clusters: NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822

Single stars in open clusters with known distances are important targets in constraining the nucleosynthesis process since their ages and luminosities are also known. In this work, we analyze a sample of 29 single red giants of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 using high-resolution spectroscopy. We obtained atmospheric parameters, abundances of the elements C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Si, Ti, Ni, Cr, Y, Zr, La, Ce, and Nd, as well as radial and rotational velocities. We employed the local thermodynamic equilibrium atmospheric models of Kurucz and the spectral analysis code moog. Rotational velocities and light-element abundances were derived using spectral synthesis. Based on our analysis of the single red giants in these three open clusters, we could compare, for the first time, their abundance pattern with that of the binary stars of the same clusters previously studied. Our results show that the abundances of both single and binary stars of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 do not have significant differences. For the elements created by the s-process, we observed that the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 also follow the trend already raised in the literature that young clusters have higher s-process element abundances than older clusters. Finally, we observed that the three clusters of our sample exhibit a trend in the [Y/Mg]-age relation, which may indicate the ability of the [Y/Mg] ratio to be used as a clock for the giants.
Human galectines and their contribution in the chronic colonic inflammation

Galectins are a group of 16 members that all share an amino acid sequence named carbohydrate recognition domain that binds to a beta-galactoside and produces multiple intra- and extra-cellular functions such as modulating inflammation. Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the large and small intestines that comprises two diseases, Crohn disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Ulcerative colitis showed a persistent inflammatory process that affects mainly the colon, this chronic colonic inflammation is affected by several internal and environmental factors. Many galectins are classically expressed in certain gut areas. Organ-specific distribution and abundance of some Galectins make them an important material for many researchers and a useful therapeutic target for different diseases, therefore; their role in colonic inflammation is reviewed to manifest their correlation to chronic diseases such as ulcerative colitis.