Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of high heat treatment of milk and brine concentration on the quality of Turkish white cheese

The goal of this study was to determine the effects of high heat treatment of milk and brine concentration on some properties of Turkish white cheese. Cheese made from pasteurised milk (65 °C for 30 min) (P cheese), and cheese from high heat-treated milk (80 °C for 20 min) (HHT cheese) were ripened in 14 or 16 g 100 ml - 1 NaCI for 90 days at 6-8°C. Compositional, biochemical and sensorial analyses were carried out along ripening. Compared to the P cheese, the HHT cheese had significantly (p<0.01) higher cheese yield, ash, and salt contents, titratable acidity, WSN/TN and ADV, and lower total solids, protein, and fat contents. The increase in salt concentration in the ripening medium (brine) resulted in an increase in the total solids content, salt absorption and a decrease in the WSN/TN level and ADV (p < 0.05). The P cheese received significantly higher scores from panellists for texture and general acceptability and lower scores for off-flavour/odour intensity and saltiness than the HHT cheese (p < 0.05). The taste/flavour intensity of the P cheese was rated as high, it was, however, not significant.
Phylogeny analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA sequences for pelagic fishes from tuna fishery

Abstract Pelagic fishes captured in the international tuna fisheries have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of declines in their populations. In this study, 58 complete mitochondrial genomes of pelagic species from the classes Teleostean and Chondrichthyans were analyzed. The length of the 58 mtDNA sequences ranged from 15,598 to 18,880 bp, and all of which contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 control region. Our results suggested that mitochondrial genomes could be a powerful marker for resolving the phylogeny of pelagic fishes. Phylogenetic relationships based on the complete mitochondrial among 58 species indicated that Teleostean and Chondrichthyans are well separated. However, the control region length of Mobula japonicais was much larger than the other species in this study. Additionally, the Prionace glauca was divided into the clade in the genus Carcharhinus which provided a prospective taxonomic status of P.glauca.
Targeted enhancement of cortical-hippocampal brain networks and associative memory

(11). Phylogenetically,Hupof N.moscoviensis clusterswith group 2a [NiFe] hydrogenases of Cyano-bacteriaandnonphototrophicAlpha-andGam-maproteobacteria (fig. S5), although Nitrospirabelong to a distinct bacterial phylum ( 7). Thus,the hup locus was likely acquired by Nitrospirathroughlateralgenetransfer.Whethertheabsenceofhup in “Ca. N.defluvii”resultsfromsecondaryloss of the hydrogenase locus in this organism,or whether hup was laterally acquired only byNitrospira lineage II (including N. moscoviensis),will remain unclear until genomic sequences ofother Nitrospira become available.Aerobic H
Study of correlation and path coefficient analysis in germplasm lines of Indian mustard (Brasica juncea L.)

An investigation was undertaken to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis of twelve quantitative traits in 30 Indian mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) germplasm lines. The experimental material was evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications. Correlation study revealed that harvest index and total biological yield per plant exerted high significant positive correlation coefficients with seed yield at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Seed yield is negatively correlated with days to 50 % flowering and days to maturity which promotes early flowering and early maturing genotypes. Path analysis revealed that harvest index showed maximum positive direct effect, followed by total biological yield per plant, days to maturity, siliquae length at the time of maturity and seed yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Based on result it has been concluded that two traits namely harvest index and total biological yield per plant exerted high correlation as well as direct influence on seed yield may be considered for selection and to improve the seed yield of the mustard genotypes.
The occurrence of the Peale's free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops aurispinosus, Molossidae) in Central America.

Abstract. The Peale's free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops aurispinosus) is found in Sonora and Tamaulipas (Mexico) and in South America (Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil) but there are no records from Central America. Known altitudinal range of this bat is from sea level to 3,150 m; most known records are from below 1,000 masl. We report the occurrence of Nyctinomops aurispinosus in Central America based on a recently dead male found in southern Honduras. The nearest localities where it has been reported are western Sonora and eastern Tamaulipas, México. The specimen was found at 1,239 masl on December 5th, 2014 in a disturbed oak-pine forest used for cattle ranching with some human infrastructure recently built in the site. We have registered several other species of bats in this study site, including N. laticaudatus, Eumops underwoodi, four vespertilionids and three mormoopids, most of them difficult to catch by mist nets. We add a new bat species to the Honduras list which now stands at 108 species.
Sensitivity Analysis of Effect of Screening and HIV Therapy on the Dynamics of Spread of HIV

This paper examines the effect of screening and HIV therapy on the dynamics of the spread of HIV in a population. In modeling of the dynamics of HIV, the population is divided into five subpopulations: susceptible, unaware infectives, screened infectives, therapy infectives, and AIDS patients.The effective reproduction numbers are calculated using the next generation matrix method. A sensitivity analysis discovers parameters that have a high impact on effective reproduction number and should be targeted by intervention strategies. Sensitivity indices is used to measure the relative change in the effective reproduction number if a parameter change. The results shows that the disease-free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable when the effective reproduction number is less than one and unstable when the effective reproduction number is greater than one. According to the analysis, screening of unaware infectives and trerapy of screened HIV infectives have the effect of reducing the transmission of the disease. Finally, numerical simulation of the model shows that the most sensitive parameter is contact rate of unaware infectives with susceptibles, allowed by the rate of progression of unaware infectives to screened infectives.
Crossbreeding influence on age at first calving and first lactation productivity in Lithuania bred dairy cattle

This paper provides records of milk production of first calving and age at first calving of 2227 pure Holstein cows, 301 Danish Red cows, 522 Red Holstein cows, 261 Swedish Red cows, 143 crosses of Holstein cows with Danish Red sires (HxDR), 363 crossbreeds of Holstein cows with Swedish Red sires (HxSR), and 135 crossbreeds of Holstein cows with Red Holstein sires (HxRH). There was higher percentage of milk proteins of 0.2 % in HxDR crossbreds and of 1.1 % in HxSR (P < 0.01) crossbreds. The other traits of higher productivity were in Holstein cows. The crossbreeding had a positive effect on age at first calving in the crossbreds, and is much lower than that in purebreds. The lowest age at first calving in days was found in the HxDR crossbreds. This difference was of 33.3 d or 4.2 % (P < 0.001), compared with the pure Holstein breeds. Also, the first lactation, fat and protein content and yield of recalculated milk were higher in pure red cows compared with crossbreds. However, according to these results, the HxRH crossbreds (64.4 d or 8.2 %) (P < 0.001) matured earlier than the pure Red Holstein cows. Therefore, dairy cattle crossbreeding may be used if the goals are not only for milk production but also age at first calving, fertility, welfare, and longevity improvement. Key words: heterosis effects, milk production, cattle.
Allometry of leg muscles in insectivores and rodents

Les principaux muscles des membres anterieurs et posterieurs ont ete mesures dans 2 especes d'insectivores et 10 especes de rongeurs, dans une gamme de poids s'etendant de 28 a 637 g. Les parametres etudies sont: la longueur moyenne des fibres musculaires, la masse des muscles, le bras de levier et le moment en flexion ou en extension pour chaque muscle ou groupe de muscles. On a recherche les correlations de ces parametres avec la masse corporelle
Electronic Photonic Integrated Circuits and Control Systems

Photonics and electronics have complementary strengths. Photonic systems can operate at frequencies several orders of magnitude higher than electronics, whereas electronics offers extremely high density and easily built memories. Integrated photonic-electronic systems promise to combine advantage of both, leading to advantages in accuracy, reconfigurability and energy efficiency. This work concerns of hybrid and monolithic electronic-photonic system design. Focusing on applications in photonic-chip-based optical signal processing, the contributions of this thesis are five-fold. First, a high resolution voltage supply to control the thermooptic photonic chip for time-bin entanglement is described, in which the electronics system controller can be scaled with more number of power channels and the ability to daisy-chain the devices. This controller is integrated with a silicon nitride photonic circuit, which combines low loss and tight integration, paving the way for scalable real-world quantum information processors. Second, a system identification technique embedded with feedback control for wavelength stabilization and control model in silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits is proposed. Using the system, the wavelength in thermooptic device can be stabilized in dynamic environment. Third, the generation of more deterministic photon sources with temporal multiplexing established using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) as controller photonic device is demonstrated for the first time. The FPGAs configuration employed phase locked loop with simple logic and synchronized delay. The result shows an enhancement to the single photon output probability without introducing additional multi-photon noise. Fourth, multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) control of a silicon nitride thermooptic photonic circuits incorporating Mach Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) is demonstrated for the first time using a dual proportional integral reference tracking technique. The system exhibits improved performance in term of control accuracy by reducing wavelength peak drift due to internal and external disturbances. Finally, a monolithically integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) nanophotonic segmented transmitter is characterized. With segmented design, the monolithic Mach Zehnder modulator (MZM) shows a low link sensitivity and low insertion loss with driver flexibility. This transmitter holds promise for high energy efficiency applications.
Identification of Antioxidant Compounds Structure Large-Leafed Mangrove Fruit

Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit or prevent the oxidation of the easily oxidized substrate. One of the plants as a potential source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity is large-leafed mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza). This plant is commonly found in the Pacific region of Southeast Asia, Ryukyu Islands, Micronesia and Polynesia (Samoa) to subtropical regions of Australia and has been used by the society. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds structure of large-leafed mangrove has the highest antioxidant activity. The compound structure prediction was done by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The compound structure in the selected antioxidant fractions are flavonol, glikosilfalvon and flavon. Those three compounds are flavonoid compound which has a great role as the one that has antioxidant activity in large-leafed mangrove fruit.
Growth and reproductive performance of 14- to 15-month-old Hereford heifers

Aiming at breeding heifers with 14-15 months of age, 100 Hereford calves were subjected to different feeding systems. Heifers grazed on a natural pasture in early winter, fed or not a supplement (14% crude protein; 72% total digestible nutrients), were transferred to a ryegrass pasture for 73 days, and then returned to a natural pasture for 15 days until the beginning of the breeding season. During the last 15 days on ryegrass pasture and the 15 days of the return [. ]
Genome organisation, evolution and biodiversity in Musa : application to stress-related gene discovery and plant breeding

Bananas, genus Musa, are giant perennial herbs with a small genome. They occur as diploid, triploid and tetraploid plants throughout the tropics with a centre of diversity in South-East Asia. Abiotic and biotic stresses are major factors affecting banana production, but genetic diversity within the gene-pool of stress responsive genes has not been characterized at the molecular level. The identification, isolation and test of expression of both structural and signalling genes are important for breeding purposes. This thesis shows how anonymous markers are used to assay genetic polymorphisms, and then describes the analysis of major biotic-stress related genomic motifs from diverse Musa accessions, before identifying Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones carrying biotic and abiotic stress-related DNA motifs. Microsatellite (SSR) and retroelement-related sequences are abundant and can be exploited as anonymous genetic markers in Musa. SSR primers designed within sequenced BAC clones identified polymorphisms in Musa. LTRretrotransposon fragments, including Pseudoviridae (Tyl-copu'a-like) and Metaviridae (Ty3-gypsy-like) families were present as different families in BACs with no correspondence to particular Musa genomes, but are useful for understanding genome evolution. Primers designed from genomic and EST databases were exploited to characterize sequences containing Nucleotide Binding Sites (NBS) and Leucine-Rich Repeat (LRR) motifs (associated with disease resistance genes), and genes associated with tolerance to heat (HSP, 70HSP), salinity (STP) and drought (DRFP) stress. Neither NBS nor LRR sequences are conserved with respect to genome, indicating that R-genes are specific and exist independently. BAC libraries allow tagging of conserved domains of NBS, LRR, retroelement and SSR motifs, giving understanding of the genomic context and control of R-genes. Reliable characterization of these domains in Musa is possible via PCR-based screening. The thesis gives a broad insight into genome organisation, evolution and diversity of major classes of R-genes, enabling progress towards gene discovery and exploitation for plant breeding.
Growth of clonal modules on Agropyron michnoi in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China

Spatial expansion of clonal plants and growth of their modules are of concern in the field of plant ecology. After measuring a large number of samples, we analyzed the module components and the growth patterns of vegetatively propagated Agropyron michnoi clones in the Songnen Plain on Northeast China. The results showed that the plasticity of clonal growth was large; the coefficients of variation of both extensive areas and the quantitative characters of modules were more than 20%. The numbers of ramets, seedlings, and buds and the cumulative length of the rhizomes showed exponentially and linearly increasing patterns with increases of the area and the total number of modules. The biomass of each module, total number of modules and total biomass showed an allometric growth pattern, which was best described by power functions. For A. michnoi, there was a relatively stable investment to sexual reproduction; it showed a priority for allocating biomass to reproductive ramets, and also to rhizomes and buds formation.
A Plant-based Approach to Deficit Irrigation in Trees and Vines

Field experiments have been performed on grapevine as well as a number of woody tree species (almond, prune, pear, cherry) to determine the relation of plant water potential to a number of indices of plant physiological activity (leaf conductance, vegetative growth, and fruit growth and composition). Horticultural benefits of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) have been documented in several crops (grapevine, almond, prune, cherries), but management of irrigation to achieve these benefits is difficult without a reliable plant-based measure of stress. Midday stem water potential (SWP) has proven to be a robust, reliable, and practical measure of stress and closely related to physiological responses at the leaf and wholeplant level(stomatalconductance(gS),vegetative growth,andfruit growthandcompositionsuchassolublesolidsand fruit color).
Seasonal dynamics of spiders and insect pests in citrus orchards of district Sargodha, Pakistan.

Citrus leaf miner, citrus whitefly and citrus psylla are the major insect pests of citrus orchards in district Sargodha, Pakistan. Spiders, being natural predators are helpful to keep the insect pest populations below economic enjoy level. The diversity and guild structure of spiders in the citrus orchards was recorded in the study. Seasonal dynamics of spiders and insect pests and predator-pest (spider-pest) relationships were also studied. In total, 2665 spiders belonging to 12 families, 23 genera and 43 species were captured. Species and family composition of spiders varied on the foliage and ground. Abundance of spiders among sites differed significantly. However, non- significant difference was observed in the richness, diversity and evenness among sites. Abundance and infestation of pest was found to synchronize with the abundance of spiders. Maximum infestation of citrus leaf miner, citrus whitefly and citrus psylla was recorded in March, 2014 supporting maximum spider abundance in this month. There was strong positive correlation between abundance of insect pests and predators (spiders) which suggested that spiders could effectively control insect pest populations in the field. Key worlds: spiders, leaf miners, whitefly, bio-control.
EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION ON EARLY GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF TWO PEAT­ SWAMP FOREST TREE SPECIES SEEDLINGS, Calophyllum hosei AND Ploiarium alternifolium

Tropical peat-swamp forests are one of the largest near-surface reserves of terrestrial organic carbon, but rnany peat-swamp forest tree species decreased due over-exploitation, forest fire and conversion of natural forests into agricultural lands. Among those species are slow-growing Ca lophyllum hosei and Ploiarium alternifolium , two species are good for construction of boats, furniture, house building and considerable attention from pharmacological viewpoint for human healthly. This study was aimed at understanding the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on early growth of C. h os e i and P . alternifolium under greenhouse condition. Seedlings of C. h osei and P . alternifolium were inoculated with AM fungi: G lomus cl a rum and Glomus aggregatum , or uninoculated under greenhouse condition during 6 months. AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate and nutrient content (P, Zn and B) were measured. The percentage of C. h o s e i and P . alternifolium ranged from 27-32% and 18-19%, respectively. Both inoculated seedling species had greater plant height, diameter, leaf number, shoot and root dry weight than control seedlings. Nutrient content of inoculated plants were increased with AM colonization- Survival rates of inoculated plants were higher (100%) than those of control plants (67%). The results suggested that inoculation of AM fungi could improve the early growth of C. h os e i and P . alternifolium grown in tropical peat-swamp forest therefore this finding has greater potential impact if this innovative technology applied in field scales which are socially acceptable, commercially profitable and environmentally friendly.
Using Delta-Generalized Additive Models to Predict Spatial Distributions and Population Abundance of Juvenile Pink Shrimp in Tampa Bay, Florida

Abstract In this article, we present an approach based on generalized additive models (GAMs) to predict species' distributions and abundance in Florida estuaries with habitat suitability modeling. Environmental data gathered by fisheries-independent monitoring in Tampa Bay from 1998 to 2008 were interpolated to create seasonal habitat maps for temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen and annual maps for depth and bottom type. We used delta-GAM models assuming either zero-adjusted gamma or beta-inflated-at-zero distributions to predict catch per unit effort (CPUE) from five habitat variables plus gear type for each estuarine species by life stage and season. Bottom type and gear type were treated as categorical predictors with reference parameterization. Three spline-fitting procedures (the penalized B-spline, cubic smoothing spline, and restricted cubic spline) were applied to the continuous predictors. Two additive, linear submodels on the log and logistic scales were used to predict CPUEs >0 and CPUEs = 0, respectively, across environmental gradients. The best overall model among those estimated was identified based on the lowest Akaike information criterion. A stepwise routine was used to omit continuous predictors that had little predictive power. The model developed was then applied to interpolated habitat data to predict CPUEs across the estuary using GIS. The statistical models, coupled with the use of GIS, provide a method for predicting spatial distributions and population numbers of estuarine species' life stages. An example is presented for juvenile pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum during the summer in Tampa Bay, Florida.
Biting and resting behavior of Anopheles darlingi in the Suriname rainforest.

: An experimental hut study was conducted on the biting and house resting behavior of Anopheles darlingi in the rainforest of Suriname. Of all anophelines collected on human bait at indoor and peridomestic sites, An. darlingi comprised 100% and 98%, respectively. A single peak in biting activity occurred around 2300 h. With hourly exit trap collections, a peak of exit from the hut was observed at sunrise. Of these mosquitoes, 91% were freshly fed. The indoor resting period was calculated to be about 4 h. When the human bait in the hut was protected by a mosquito net, only 18% of the exiting mosquitoes were fed and the resting period was about 3 h.
Desempenho Silvicultural de Tectona grandis L. f. em Diferentes Espaçamentos em Cáceres, MT

Teak meets the main criteria for selection of tree species for timber production of rapid growth. Thus choosing the proper spacing will provide the largest volume per area and stems with desirable quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of spacing in several dendrometric variables in stands of teak in Caceres, Mato Grosso state. The following variables were assessed at the ages of 11 and 16 years: diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, basal area, total volume per tree, volume per hectare, annual average growth, and survival. It was observed that the lower the density of trees, the greater the DAP and the individual volume; and that the greater the density, the greater the basal area and the total volume per hectare. Lack of thinning negatively affected the dendrometric averages and the production of stands at different spacings.