Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Migratory connections among breeding grounds off the Eastern Pacific and feeding areas in the Antarctic Peninsula based on genotype matching

We analysed 114 DNA samples collected in different locations within the stock G breeding grounds, including Ecuador and the northern and southern Pacific of Colombia. We genotyped 15 microsatellite loci, sexed all samples, and performed genotype comparisons. Genotype comparisons were done using a DNA register of previously genotyped individuals from the Colombian breeding ground and the Antarctic Peninsula feeding Area. We confirmed connectivity between feeding grounds in Antarctic Peninsula and breeding grounds in Colombia and Ecuador using microsatellite loci. We found recaptures within each sampling location in the same year, but we also found a few recaptures in the same locations between years both in breeding and feeding grounds. Interestingly, we found recaptures between breeding and feeding grounds using samples collected 20 years apart, providing some information about longevity in this stock. Further comparisons with other data sets (Brazil, North Pacific) are needed to understand the migratory connectivity of this stock.
Effects of aggregate packing optimization and cement paste volume on the properties of natural and recycled aggregate concrete

This paper investigates the influence of aggregate packing optimization based on a particle packing method (PPM) and cement paste volume (CPV) on the workability and mechanical properties of both natural aggregate concrete (NAC) and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). The slump, compressive strength, flexural strength and Young's modulus of concrete were first examined, followed with the characterization of macro‐pore structure inside RAC by using X‐ray computed tomography (CT). The results indicate that the PPM can help to densify the granular skeleton of aggregates in concrete by reducing the void around the aggregates and the cement paste film thickness, and subsequently enhances the mechanical properties of the concrete with a constant CPV. This enhancement is higher for RAC than NAC, particularly for the Young's modulus. The particle packing optimization can also decrease the number of macro pores in RAC, contributing to the enhancement in the mechanical properties of RAC. Moreover, increasing CPV in concrete with a maximum aggregate packing status considerably decreases the mechanical properties of concrete, whereas increases its workability. This is mainly caused by the increased number of macro pores in the cement paste and at the interfaces between RCAs and hardened cement paste.
Aerosol responses to precipitation along North American air trajectories arriving at Bermuda

North American pollution outflow is ubiquitous over the western North Atlantic Ocean, especially in winter, making this location a suitable natural laboratory for investigating the impact of precipitation on aerosol particles along air mass trajectories. We take advantage of observational data collected at Bermuda to seasonally assess the sensitivity of aerosol mass concentrations and volume size distributions to accumulated precipitation along trajectories (APT). The mass concentration of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm normalized by the enhancement of carbon monoxide above background (PM2.5/ΔCO) at Bermuda was used to estimate the degree of aerosol loss during transport to Bermuda. Results for December–February (DJF) show that most trajectories come from North America and have the highest APTs, resulting in a significant reduction (by 53 %) in PM2.5/ΔCO under high-APT conditions (> 13.5 mm) relative to low-APT conditions (< 0.9 mm). Moreover, PM2.5/ΔCO was most sensitive to increases in APT up to 5 mm (−0.044 μg m−3 ppbv−1 mm−1) and less sensitive to increases in APT over 5 mm. While anthropogenic PM2.5 constituents (e.g., black carbon, sulfate, organic carbon) decrease with high APT, sea salt, in contrast, was comparable between high- and low-APT conditions owing to enhanced local wind and sea salt emissions in high-APT conditions. The greater sensitivity of the fine-mode volume concentrations (versus coarse mode) to wet scavenging is evident from AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) volume size distribution data. A combination of GEOS-Chem model simulations of the 210Pb submicron aerosol tracer and its gaseous precursor 222Rn reveals that (i) surface aerosol particles at Bermuda are most impacted by wet scavenging in winter and spring (due to large-scale precipitation) with a maximum in March, whereas convective scavenging plays a substantial role in summer; and (ii) North American 222Rn tracer emissions contribute most to surface 210Pb concentrations at Bermuda in winter (~75 %–80 %), indicating that air masses arriving at Bermuda experience large-scale precipitation scavenging while traveling from North America. A case study flight from the ACTIVATE field campaign on 22 February 2020 reveals a significant reduction in aerosol number and volume concentrations during air mass transport off the US East Coast associated with increased cloud fraction and precipitation. These results highlight the sensitivity of remote marine boundary layer aerosol characteristics to precipitation along trajectories, especially when the air mass source is continental outflow from polluted regions like the US East Coast.
Large bank shareholders and terms of bank loans during the global financial crisis

This paper analyzes the influence of large bank shareholders on the terms of bank loans for a sample of 12,045 loans to 3,290 borrowers from 45 countries over the period 2004– 2013. We investigate the effects of bank control over bank loan terms during the global financial crisis, regardless of whether the bank shareholder is a lender or not. In line with a monitoring effect, the results suggest that firms with bank shareholders that are non- lenders borrowed at lower interest rates and longer maturities during the period of crisis. However, borrowers paid higher spreads and were offered shorter maturities when they borrowed from banks that are also shareholders. This effect is consistent with banks obtaining private benefits as large shareholders as a consequence of the informational hold- up problems affecting borrowers.
Testing Trace-Element Distribution and the Zr-Based Thermometry of Accessory Rutile from Chromitite

Trace element distribution and Zr-in-rutile temperature have been investigated in accessory rutile from stratiform (UG2, Merensky Reef, Jacurici), podiform (Loma Peguera), and metamorphic chromitites in cratonic shields (Cedrolina, Nuasahi). Rutile from chromitite has typical finger-print of Cr-V-Nb-W-Zr, whose relative abundance distinguishes magmatic from metamorphic chromitite. In magmatic deposits, rutile precipitates as an intercumulus phase, or forms by exsolution from chromite, between 870 °C and 540 °C. The Cr-V in rutile reflects the composition of chromite, both Nb and Zr are moderately enriched, and W is depleted, except for in Jacurici, where moderate W excess was a result of crustal contamination of the mafic magma. In metamorphic deposits, rutile forms by removal of Ti-Cr-V from chromite during metamorphism between 650 °C and 400 °C, consistent with greenschist-amphibolite facies, and displays variable Cr-Nb, low V-Zr, and anomalous enrichment in W caused by reaction with felsic fluids emanating from granitoid intrusions. All deposits, except Cedrolina, contain Rutile+PGM composite grains (<10 µm) locked in chromite, possibly representing relics of orthomagmatic assemblages. The high Cr-V content and the distinctive W-Nb-Zr signature that typifies accessory rutile in chromitite provide a new pathfinder to trace the provenance of detrital rutile in placer deposits.
Design an Optimal Fractional Order PID Controller Based on New Algorithms and a Fuzzy Logic Controller to Regulate Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Diabetes is one of the most important diseases that researchers have focused on in scientific research since the time, because of the seriousness of this disease if it is not properly dealt with, especially with the emergence of some global epidemics such as Corona Virus (COVID 19), as the pancreas is the organ responsible for regulating sugar in the blood by secreting the insulin enzyme, insulin is widely used to control blood sugar. Therefore, it is important that the required insulin value is constant and controlled. The aim of this study is to control the blood glucose value that is achieved as a desired value and to maintain it as a constant value using a proportional, integral, and derivative control unit (FOPID) fractional order of the control parameters. In this research, the new control unit is applied to Bergman's mathematical model as a non-linear and simple model that simulates the mechanism of the interaction of glucose and insulin in the blood, and based on this, a closed control loop was designed to regulate the level of blood sugar to be an automatic control of blood glucose using the measured data from Special sensor. The contribution in this scientific paper is to define the (FOPID) parameters according to the closed loop responses of the system, and these parameters were adjusted using new meta-heuristic algorithms including the Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO), the PSO Particle Swarm optimization, the Genetic Algorithm (GA), The bat optimization algorithm (BA) and (ACO). As a result, the results of the five modern algorithms were compared based on several criteria to find out which one was better using MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation. It was found that the IWO algorithm performs better than PSO. The simulation results of the closed-loop system of this controller at the time of settling, overshoot and control inputs indicate very positive results compared to previous results. In addition, a new method has been proposed which is to design a pump in the form of a valve to control insulin pumping by controlling it with the fuzzy logic control unit, which in turn, we obtained better results, compared to the results of other previous studies.
“Black Families Don’t Talk About It”: Young Black Women’s Perceptions of Mental Health Communication in Black Communities

Objective: Black Americans comprise 12% of the U.S. population yet make up 18.7% of those affected by mental illness. Available studies of mental health in Black communities focus on mental health literacy, lack of access to services, communicating with mental health professionals, and religiosity among Black community members. Although these studies are important for the improvement of mental health services, they do not explore Black women’s perceptions of whether and how Black communities discuss mental health. This study explored young Black women’s (YBW) perceptions of mental health communication in Black communities to better understand mental health literacy and other factors that may facilitate mental health help-seeking behaviors in Black communities. Method: We conducted 48 semistructured interviews with YBW ages 18–24 in Los Angeles, CA. Interviews were transcribed and co-coded for emergent themes. Results: Thematic analysis of data revealed three main themes: (a) lack of discussion, (b) conversations being had, and (c) expectations of Black women. Conclusions: Findings from this study underscore the need for mental health researchers and practitioners to partner with community-based organizations to provide psychosocial education and safe spaces for Black individuals to discuss mental health issues and concerns.
Effect of Chitosan–Pullulan Composite Edible Coating Functionalized with Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Shelf Life of Mango (Mangifera indica)

The polysaccharide based composite biomaterial (coating) used in preserving fruits and vegetables during storage is attracting increased attention as it is biodegradable material that prolongs shelf life. In the present investigation, chitosan–pullulan (50:50) composite edible coating was prepared with pomegranate peel extract (0.02 g/mL) as an active antioxidant agent. The effect of treatment with pomegranate peel extract enriched chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating on the shelf life of mango fruits during 18 days of storage period at room (23 °C) and cold (4 °C) temperature was evaluated. Results of the present study demonstrated that the application of chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influences the storage life of mango fruits at both storage temperatures. The chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating reduced the physiological loss in weight (PLW), and maintained total soluble solids (TSS), acidity and pH of coated mango fruits as compared to the control. In addition, fruit sensory quality such as freshness, color, taste and texture were also retained by the treatment. Furthermore, sustained firmness, phenolic content and antioxidant activity confirmed the effectiveness of the pomegranate peel extract enriched chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating on mango fruits. The phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity of coated fruits were retained by pomegranate peel rich edible coating. Therefore, the chitosan–pullulan (50:50) combination with pomegranate peel extract can be used as an alternative preservation method to prolong the shelf life of mango fruits at room and cold storage conditions. However, more in-depth studies are required at farm and transit level without affecting the postharvest quality of mango fruits, providing more revenue for farmers and minimizing postharvest losses.
Influence of Cooperative Society on Women Empowerment in Nigeria

This study set out to determine the influence of cooperative society on women empowerment in Nigeria with particular interest in Awka North LGA, Anambra State. Specific objectives were to determine the influence of social activities of cooperative society on women empowerment; and ascertain the influence of economic activities of cooperative society on women empowerment. Two hypotheses were tested from the responses gathered from the field. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to determine the sample size of 91 respondents from the population of 118, representing a 77% response rate. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, means, percentages, and tables were used to present the data obtained to achieve the study objectives. While the classical linear regression technique using the ordinary least squares (OLS) approach was used to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that the social activities of women cooperatives in Awka North LGA have significant influence on women empowerment index (F ratio = 4.887; Significant at 0.001). Which shows that social activities of women cooperatives are important determinants of women empowerment. It was also revealed that the economic activities of women cooperatives in Awka North LGA have significant influence on women empowerment index (F ratio = 9.917; Significant@ 0.001). Which implied that efforts at encouraging and promoting economic activities/farming of members of women cooperatives are critical determinants of women empowerment. Among other recommendations, concerted efforts should be made by the government, civil society groups, NGOs, and cooperative societies in raising awareness among rural women on the benefits of joining cooperative societies and a channel for promoting their economic wellbeing and empowerment. Cooperative societies should enhance their economic and social functions to enable women benefit maximally and thereby elevating their status, social profile, and dignity in their communities. This they could do by finding out from the members what they believe will further improve their socio-economic wellbeing and integrating into their core functional activities.
Vocal signals of ontogeny and fledging in nestling black-cockatoos: Implications for monitoring

ABSTRACT Bioacoustics offers new ways to monitor wildlife populations. Understanding vocal changes related to age can provide demographic data that are valuable but difficult to collect for threatened species. Here, we present the vocal signals of ontogeny and fledging in nestlings for two endangered black-cockatoos, the Kangaroo Island glossy black-cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus, and the south-eastern red-tailed black-cockatoo, C. banksii graptogyne. Using sound recordings taken at wild nests (n = 3 for the red-tailed black-cockatoo; n = 7 for the glossy black-cockatoo), we examined changes in nestling vocalisations through to fledging. Nestlings vocalised from 4 weeks of age, but calls were soft and infrequent until about 6 weeks. Daily call rate increased significantly in the final week of nesting. Peak amplitude increased significantly with development for both subspecies. Call duration increased significantly for the glossy black-cockatoo. Likewise, low frequency increased significantly for the glossy black-cockatoo. Average entropy decreased significantly for both subspecies. Aggregate entropy decreased significantly for the red-tailed black-cockatoo. Fledging was associated with a loud and distinct vocal event. Together, these changes in call rate and structure, and the presence or absence of fledging vocalisations, provide useful ways to broadly categorise nest age and determine nest outcome from sound recordings.
Drift and diffusion in materials with traps

Abstract A theory of multiple trapping with an arbitrary continuous energy distribution of trap density is used to interpret time-of-flight experiments. It is shown that a so-called ‘normal’ current shape occurs if an energy distribution of localized carriers corresponds to a thermal equilibrium function, and a quasi-equilibrium carrier packet moves through a sample. If the thermal equilibrium between mobile and localized carrier fractions has not time to be established earlier than that at which most of the carriers leave the sample, the current is caused by the drift of a non-equilibrium very-dispersive carrier packet. Propagation of such a packet results in so-called ‘anomalous’ behaviour of transient current characteristics. As a result of theoretical analysis of non-equilibrium and quasi-equilibrium transient current curves, a method for interpretation of experimental transient current data is suggested. This method may provide important information on the energy distribution of localized states.
Thermal Conductivity of the Martian Soil at the InSight Landing Site From HP3 Active Heating Experiments

The heat flow and physical properties package (HP3) of the InSight Mars mission is an instrument package designed to determine the martian planetary heat flow. To this end, the package was designed to emplace sensors into the martian subsurface and measure the thermal conductivity as well as the geothermal gradient in the 0–5 m depth range. After emplacing the probe to a tip depth of 0.37 m, a first reliable measurement of the average soil thermal conductivity in the 0.03–0.37 m depth range was performed. Using the HP3 mole as a modified line heat source, we determined a soil thermal conductivity of 0.039 ± 0.002 W m−1 K−1, consistent with the results of orbital and in‐situ thermal inertia estimates. This low thermal conductivity implies that 85%–95% of all particles are smaller than 104–173 μm and suggests that soil cementation is minimal, contrary to the considerable degree of cementation suggested by image data. Rather, cementing agents like salts could be distributed in the form of grain coatings instead. Soil densities compatible with the measurements are 1211−113+149 kg m−3, indicating soil porosities of 63−9+4 %.
Electrochemical Determination of Lead & Copper Ions Using Thiolated Calix[4]arene-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode

This study used a thiolated calix[4]arene derivative modified on gold nanoparticles and a screen-printed carbon electrode (TC4/AuNPs/SPCE) for Pb2+ and Cu2+ determination. The surface of the modified electrode was characterised via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used for the detection of Pb2+ and Cu2+ under optimum conditions. The limit of detection (LOD) for detecting Pb2+ and Cu2+ was 0.7982 × 10−2 ppm and 1.3358 × 10−2 ppm, respectively. Except for Zn2+ and Hg2+, the presence of competitive ions caused little effect on the current response when detecting Pb2+. However, all competitive ions caused a significant drop in the current response when detecting Cu2+, except Ca2+ and Mg2+, suggesting the sensing platform is more selective toward Pb2+ ions rather than copper (Cu2+) ions. The electrochemical sensor demonstrated good reproducibility and excellent stability with a low relative standard deviation (RSD) value in detecting lead and copper ions. Most importantly, the result obtained in the analysis of Pb2+ and Cu2+ had good recovery in river water, demonstrating the applicability of the developed sensor for real samples.
Moral clarity decreases as viewer age increases: a content analysis of the moral values and reinforcement cues depicted in popular U.S. children’s television

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that exposure to narrative media content emphasizing the importance of moral intuitions can increase the extent to which children value those intuitions. This is especially the case when intuition exemplars are accompanied by clear social desirability cues (i.e., moral acts are rewarded/performed by heroes or immoral acts are punished/performed by villains). Less is known about the effects of exposure to ambiguous social desirability cues (i.e., moral acts are punished/performed by villains or immoral acts are rewarded/performed by heroes). In order to investigate the extent to which popular media content may serve as an effective moral educator for young viewers, this paper describes a content analysis designed to examine the frequency and clarity of moral intuition exemplars in popular children’s television shows (N = 30). Results demonstrated that moral clarity in content decreased as viewer age increased. That is, content popular among older children (ages 6–17) featured more ambiguous social desirability cues compared to content popular among younger children (ages 2–5). Content across age groups also featured a preponderance of care and fairness intuition exemplars. Findings are interpreted in line with extant research on moral complexity and narrative entertainment. Practical implications are considered. IMPACT SUMMARY a. Prior State of Knowledge Recent work has demonstrated that narrative media’s emphasis on moral intuitions can increase the importance audiences place on those intuitions. This work largely focuses on understanding the effects of moral exemplars that are clearly reinforced in narratives. b. Novel Contributions Using content analysis, the present study demonstrated that the clarity of narrative reinforcement cues decreases as the age group in which the content is popular increases. Specifically, moral exemplars in television shows popular among teens featured the most ambiguous reinforcement cues. c. Practical Implications For caregivers hoping to use media as a tool for inculcating certain moral values in children, these results suggest the importance of considering not only which moral values are exemplified in content, but also how clearly those values are reinforced.