Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global data

Objective. There is increased concern regarding acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to depict the manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19-associated AIS. Methods. We systematically searched for eligible studies describing AIS in patients with COVID-19 using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to November 29, 2021. We complied with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and used the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale to assess data quality. The data were pooled using fixed- and random-effects models. Results. Thirty-eight eligible studies involving 76,894 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with AIS patients who did not have COVID-19, patients with COVID-19 were more likely to have anterior circulation stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 – 5.10; I2: 37%), particularly involving the internal carotid artery (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.19 – 2.88; I2: 0); more severe neurological deficit (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]) (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 3.21, 95% CI: 2.13 – 4.29; I2: 64%); higher proportion of cryptogenic stroke (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.24 – 2.70; I2: 62%), large vessel occlusion (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.10 – 2.57; I2: 75%), and multi-territory involvement (OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.62 – 4.29; I2: 0%); higher C-reactive protein levels (WMD: 55.90, 95% CI: 33.32 – 78.49; I2: 67%), and D-dimer levels (standardized mean difference: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.52 – 1.10; I2: 59%). The proportion of poor outcomes were higher among patients with COVID-19, including increased risk of in-hospital death (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 2.73 – 5.02; I2: 64%) and lower possibility of favorable discharge (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.39 – 0.61; I2: 0). However, COVID-19 did not increase the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.91 – 1.98; I2: 39%) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.81 – 2.62; I2: 0). Conclusion. AIS patients with COVID-19 seem to display a pattern of large vessel occlusion and multi-territory infarcts. These patients have high inflammatory marker levels and increased D-dimer levels, which implies that thrombosis and/or thromboembolism might be the underlying mechanism. These patients tend to have worse prognosis regardless of whether they receive reperfusion treatment.
Agrarian modernization through "ideal agricultural subjects": a lost cause for smallholders in Rwanda?

With an example from Rwanda, we ask how the State's policy strategy and attempts to construct "ideal agricultural subjects" resonate with the actual changes experienced by farmers themselves. We present three different empirical examples to show that a) when opportunities from agricultural transformation initially arise, only the wealthiest can capture them, and even then the government is seen as the main beneficiary; b) some priority crop growers experience an increase in income and savings due to higher productivity and better prices, while those who do not grow priority crops face land scarcity and lack of employment opportunities; c) requirements to upscale livestock production do not align with the strategies or capacities of many smallholders. We show that only endowed farmers with sufficient land and ability to engage in priority crops or livestock production can take advantage of the opportunities presented by agricultural transformation, while smallholders with constraints to their adoption of promoted changes face vulnerability to dispossession and poverty. We relate these findings to our broader conceptual frame, and encourage further research to explore the integration, modification, resistance to and impacts of idealized policies in Rwanda and across sub-Saharan Africa.
Emerging Occupational Therapy in Mental Health Practice in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study

Abstract Occupational therapy (OT) services within mental health (MH) in Saudi Arabia are not well documented. This qualitative study investigated the factors influencing MH-related OT practice in the KSA from psychiatrists' and occupational therapists' perspectives. Data collection was conducted with nine participants including occupational therapists and psychiatrists using semi-structured interviews. Four themes emerged: perceptions about MH-related OT practice; OT’s professional identity in Saudi Arabia; challenges toward implementing OT services in psychiatry; and the promotion of OT services within Saudi MH. The findings suggested that awareness about MH-related OT practice is essential to enhance the profession’s presence within MH field.
Sleep Behavior Among Student Athletes

This study was conducted to identify the sleep behavior of student athletes. The study involved 116 student athletes in Perak State Sports School as a sample study to identify sleep behavior by making comparisons based on gender, training frequency, level of involvement and age. The researcher used the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) which consists of 18 items and is divided into 3 subscales namely routine factors (6 items), behavioral factors (7 items) and sports -related factors (5 items). Inferential analysis t test and One -way ANOVA were used for the purpose of data analysis. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference in sleep behavior between male and female student athletes of the Perak State Sports School. In addition, the findings also showed that there were no significant differences in sleep behavior based on the highest level of involvement, training frequency and age among student athletes. In summary, good sleep behavior in sports students is due to an optimal sleep time of at least 7 hours a day.
Human Papillomavirus Infection: Knowledge, Risk Perceptions and Behaviors among SMW and AFAB

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States, and persistent HPV infection has been established as playing a major role in the development of cervical cancer. Providing HPV vaccination and regular screening tests have reduced the risk of developing cervical cancer or helped to detect the cancer at an early stage. Despite the above measures, cervical cancer still remains a major public health problem worldwide. Infection with HPV, and consequently cervical cancer, affects all people with an intact cervix, so not only heterosexual women, but also women from sexual minorities (SMW) together with people assigned female at birth (AFAB). These populations may be even more likely to develop cervical cancer, mainly because they are less likely to be aware of HPV transmission and prevention of cervical cancer. In our review, we summarized the current state of HPV knowledge, collected data assessing the orientation of this issue among SMW and AFAB, and indicated the causes of possible negligence in the prevention of cervical cancer.
Tumor Dosimetry in a Phase I Study of Lu(177)-DOTA-HH1 (Betalutin) - How hard does the magic bullet strike?

Introduction: Antibody-radionuclide-conjugate therapy using the monoclonal antibody agent 177Lu-DOTA-HH1 (BetalutinTM) developed by Nordic Nanovector, is a novel treatment of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. A Phase I/II study is currently being conducted at Oslo University Hospital, the Lymrit-37-01-study. The main aim of this thesis was to develop and present a method to do dosimetric calculations on tumors in patients included in the study. Inhomogeneity of dose was investigated through dose rate maps and cumulative dose rate histograms. Method: Using imaging data from two SPECT/CT-sessions 4 and 7 days post-injection, activity in lesions was quantified. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were drawn by a nuclear medicine specialist. VOIs were drawn with a margin around the imaged activity of the lesion, the novel VOISPECT-method. Cumulative activity was found through monoexponential clearance of the activity. Patient specific masses from VOIs closely around the tumors were used. Absorbed dose was found by the proposed S-factor, S̄, resulting in mean dose to the tumors. The activity quantification method was verified through phantom measurements with hot spheres in attenuating material. The energy absorption factor was found using the dose calculation computer program OLINDA. Dose rate maps were generated through the use of convolution of activity distribution and a voxel s-value kernel retrieved from a database. Result: A total of 17 tumors in 6 patients grouped in three dose levels were ascribed a mean dose. Mean doses ranged from 86 to 794cGy. Interand intra-patient differences were observed. The phantom experiment showed good accuracy, with relative errors in the order of 5% compared to true activity. A constant factor S̄ to calculate the absorbed energy was found sufficient as long as tumor volumes are in the range of 1mL to 300mL. 16 dose rate maps and cumulative dose rate volume histograms were made, and Ḋ-values were found. Conclusion: The method presented was found to be successful in the calculation of mean tumor dose. A method to generate dose rate maps and cumulative dose rate histograms has also been found and presented.
Gating Mechanism of the Voltage-Gated Proton Channel Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 has important roles in proton extrusion, pH homeostasis, sperm motility, and cancer progression. The Hv1 channel has also been found to be highly expressed in cell lines and tissue samples from patients with breast cancer. A high-resolution closed-state structure has been reported for the mouse Hv1 chimera channel (mHv1cc), solved by X-ray crystallography, but the open-state structure of Hv1 has not been solved. Since Hv1 is a promising drug target, various groups have proposed open conformations by molecular modeling and simulation studies. However, the gating mechanism and the open-state conformation under the membrane potential are still debate. Here, we present a molecular dynamics study considering membrane potential and pH conditions. The closed-state structure of mHv1cc was used to run molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with respect to electric field and pH conditions in order to investigate the mechanism of proton transfer. We observed a continuous hydrogen bond chain of water molecules called a water-wire to be formed through the channel pore in the channel opening, triggered by downward displacement of the S2 helix and upward movement of the S4 helix relative to other helices. Due to the movement of the S2 and S4 helices, the internal salt bridge network was rearranged, and the hydrophobic gating layers were destroyed. In line with previous experimental and simulation observations, our simulation results led us to propose a new gating mechanism for the Hv1 proton channel, and may provide valuable information for novel drug discovery.
Factors affecting innovative behavior of Vietnamese enterprises employees

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting innovative behavior (IB) of Vietnamese enterprises employees based on theories of transformational leadership, social cognitive and knowledge spiral. Design/methodology/approach This study used a combination of in-depth interviews and large-scale surveys in 15 enterprises in the North, Central and South of Vietnam. In total, 455 valid questionnaires from employees of information technology, telecommunications and e-commerce enterprises have been used in this research to explore the impact of transformational leadership (TL), coworker support (CS) and organizational learning (OL) on employees' IB. The data collected were subjected to quantitative analysis, including Cronbach's alpha reliability test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) for scales and hypotheses testing. Findings The results show that there are positive relationships between TL, OL and employees' IB, in which OL has a stronger impact than TL. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this paper are that other factors affecting the innovation behavior of employees in Vietnamese enterprises have not been fully explored, the rejection of the hypothesis about the relationship between CS and employees’ IB needs to be considered with the moderating role of job characteristics and the use of convenient random sample selection, due to which its reliability may not be guaranteed. Practical implications From the results of this study, the authors point out that managers in Vietnamese enterprises should develop TL to deliver more creativity in an organization and enhance the corporate learning-oriented environment. Originality/value This paper contributes to the existing literature by focusing on factors affecting IB of enterprises employees in Vietnam, an emerging economy in the world.
Automatic segmentation of uterine cavity and placenta on MR images using deep learning

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for the detection of abnormalities affecting maternal and fetal health. In this study, we used a fully convolutional neural network for simultaneous segmentation of the uterine cavity and placenta on MR images. We trained the network with MR images of 181 patients, with 157 for training and 24 for validation. The segmentation performance of the algorithm was evaluated using MR images of 60 additional patients that were not involved in training. The average Dice similarity coefficients achieved for the uterine cavity and placenta were 92% and 80%, respectively. The algorithm could estimate the volume of the uterine cavity and placenta with average errors of less than 1.1% compared to manual estimations. Automated segmentation, when incorporated into clinical use, has the potential to quantify, standardize, and improve placental assessment, resulting in improved outcomes for mothers and fetuses.
Climatic and agronomic impacts on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) production

The use of suitable technologies helps crop cultivation under unfavorable and extreme weather conditions obtain the optimum yield by influencing irrigation, fertilization, sowing time, and crop density. The study aimed to determine the impact of adaptive technologies on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivation at the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almaty Region, Kazakhstan. The phenological observations on basic phases of sugar beet growth and development, and plant density were done according to the generally accepted methods. Moreover, the photosynthetic activity of crop productivity was studied through the accumulation of raw and dry biomass (weight method), area determination of the assimilation apparatus (die-cutting method), and the advent of photosynthetic active radiation. The influence of meteorological conditions was particularly noted on plots with moisture deficit. Maintaining such pre-irrigation soil moisture at 60% of LMC (Least Moisture Capacity) requires less watering with large irrigation rates (1020-1260 m3 ha-1) with inter-irrigation periods of 30–37 days. In 2016, three irrigations with the rate of 1220-1260 m3 ha-1 were done. Maximum water consumption occurs from the end of July to the beginning of August. Consumption of spring reserves for soil moisture was 8%-10% higher at late harvesting than at early harvesting. During the crop season with high rainfall distributed uniformly over the vegetation period, spring soil moisture reserves consumption increased and their share in total water consumption increased 12% up to 20%, whereas, during dry seasons it decreased 6% up to 14%. The study noted that for producing the sugar beet yields ranging from 22.6 to 65.2 t ha-1, the NPK should be applied at the rate of nitrogen (32 – 215 kg ha-1), phosphorus (12–68 kg ha-1), and potassium (50–380 kg ha-1), It was also found necessary to apply fertilizers differentially depending on the level of applied technology for the planned beet yield.
Matching Network of Ontologies: a Random Walk and Frequent Item Sets Approach

A System of Systems (SoS) is a complex set of IS (Information Systems) created by the aggregation and interconnection of ISs. SoS brings unexpected behavior and functionality during its construction to the benefit of its users and the SoS itself. The integration of SoSs is a matter of time. However, as SoSs can behave as an organization, it may be inappropriate to try to integrate individual IS members separately. On the other hand, manually integrating the SoS as a whole can be unfeasible due to its complexity. If an SoS has ontologies modeling the knowledge, the integration of SoSs can be translated into a problem of a network of ontologies alignment. However, it creates another challenge: computing each possible pair of entities inside each network’s ontology can have unfeasible execution time, even using the best matchers available. In this article, we propose to mine the data from the networks using random walks and frequent item sets algorithm and discover relevant nodes elected as candidate entities. Next, the networks are pruned by an algebraic method eliminating identical entities. The relevant nodes are reinserted in the network to avoid losing essential correspondences. After the pre-processing step, data is sent to two matchers to obtain metrics and compare the results with the pairwise brute force approach and previous work. We identified relevant nodes with recall up to 0.75. The results are promising since precision and recall are closer to the force brute, and execution time is shorter, even more, when the size of the networks and the number of ontologies to be compared increases. We validate our approach using ontologies created from the OAEI (Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative).
PENGARUH PERAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI, KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, PERAN INTERNAL AUDIT DAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: pengaruh peran teknologi informasi, kompetensi sumber daya manusia, peran internal audit dan standar akuntansi manusia terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan Kabupaten Wonosobo. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diharapkan bisa digunakan sebagai bahan masukan atau pertimbangan untuk dapat meningkatkan peran teknologi informasi, kompetensi sumber daya manusia, peran internal audit serta standar akuntansi manusia sehingga dapat menghasilkan laporan keuangan yang berkulitas. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis regresi linier berganda SPSS yaitu uji F, uji T dan koefisien determinasi (R2 ). Populasi penelitian iniadalah SKPD di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Dengan teknik pengambilan sempel dalam penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling dan dengan menggunakan rumus slovin sehingga dalam penelitian ini diperoleh 70 responden. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa: 1) adanya pengaruhpositif peran teknologi informasi terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; 2) adanya pengaruh positif kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; 3) tidak ada pengaruh peran internal audit terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; 4) standar akuntansi pemerintah terhadapkualitas laporan keuangan pada Kabupaten Wonosobo.
Use of Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Where Are We?

Cancer represents a large group of diseases accounting for nearly 10 million deaths each year. Various treatment strategies, including surgical resection combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have been applied for cancer treatment. However, the outcomes remain largely unsatisfying. Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone, is associated with the circadian rhythm moderation. Many physiological functions of melatonin besides sleep–wake cycle control have been identified, such as antioxidant, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammation. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have described the anticancer effects of melatonin. This has drawn our attention to the potential usage of melatonin for cancer treatment in the clinical setting, although huge obstacles still exist before its wide clinical administration is accepted. The exact mechanisms behind its anticancer effects remain unclear, and the specific characters impede its in vivo investigation. In this review, we will summarize the latest advances in melatonin studies, including its chemical properties, the possible mechanisms for its anticancer effects, and the ongoing clinical trials. Importantly, challenges for the clinical application of melatonin will be discussed, accompanied with our perspectives on its future development. Finally, obstacles and perspectives of using melatonin for cancer treatment will be proposed. The present article will provide a comprehensive foundation for applying melatonin as a preventive and therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Immune Responses in Leishmaniasis: An Overview

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic, widespread, and neglected disease that affects more than 90 countries in the world. More than 20 Leishmania species cause different forms of leishmaniasis that range in severity from cutaneous lesions to systemic infection. The diversity of leishmaniasis forms is due to the species of parasite, vector, environmental and social factors, genetic background, nutritional status, as well as immunocompetence of the host. Here, we discuss the role of the immune system, its molecules, and responses in the establishment, development, and outcome of Leishmaniasis, focusing on innate immune cells and Leishmania major interactions.
Enfermeiros no atendimento de urgência em presídios: explorando razões do chamado e local da assistência/Nurses in urgent care in prisons: exploring reasons for the call and place of assistance

Objetivo: analisar as percepções dos enfermeiros do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) em atendimentos realizados em penitenciárias perante as razões das demandas e o local da assistência. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas nos meses de agosto a dezembro de 2017, individuais e audiogravadas, seguindo roteiro semiestruturado com 91 enfermeiros que atuavam no SAMU de cidades do estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Aplicou-se o referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin para categorização dos dados obtidos. Resultados: das análises das falas dos participantes emergiu a presença de dificuldades como demandas não pertinentes ao serviço, local inadequado para assistência, falta de privacidade durante os atendimentos e de escolta para transporte quando necessário. Considerações finais: os problemas relatados evidenciam a necessidade do estabelecimento de estratégias para melhorar as condições da assistência potencializando a capacidade de resolutividade do serviço e para problemas que não podem ser resolvidos em uma única visita de profissionais do SAMU no ambiente prisional, que seja garantido a continuidade da assistência em outros serviços articulados a ele e para isso são necessários fortes laços intersetoriais.