Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polychaete communities associated with gastropod shells inhabited by the hermit crabs Clibanarius erythropus and Calcinus tubularis from Ibiza, Mediterranean Sea

Shells inhabited by hermit crabs are unique microhabitats with an abundant epi- and endofauna. Using polychaetes as an example, communities associated with the whelk Stramonita haemastoma, the hermit crabs Clibanarius erythropus and Calcinus tubularis, as well as empty, damaged shells were investigated. No polychaete community was associated with live S. haemastoma: only 30% of the investigated gastropods harboured polychaetes. Hermit crab-occupied shells supported polychaete communities dominated by Spirorbidae in the case of Clibanarius erythropus and by small Sabellidae, Spirobranchus polytrema and Dipolydora armata in Calcinus tubularis. The polychaete fauna associated with empty shells was similar to that on shells previously inhabited by one of the hermit crab species but different from those of the surrounding hard bottom. The reproductive strategy of the some polychaetes species is adapted to life on this small-sized habitat.
Selection for increased muscling improved feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of Angus steers

This project studied the effect of selection for divergence in live muscle score (MS) in a herd of Angus cattle on feedlot performance, feed efficiency, carcass characteristics and carcass yield of two cohorts of steer progeny. Steers from lines selected for low muscling (Low, n = 91, average MS = D–) and high muscling without (High, n = 76, average MS = C+) and with (HighHet, n = 61, average MS = B) one copy of the 821 del11 myostatin mutation were studied. Steers entered the feedlot for grain finishing at 16–18 months of age. Individual feed intake was measured during finishing, after which the steers were slaughtered to obtain commercial carcass and yield data. Low, High and HighHet steers had similar weights at feedlot entry (442, 434, 441 kg, P = 0.11) and grew at similar rates during feed intake testing (1.42, 1.38, 1.37 kg/day, P = 0.3), but net feed intake declined with increasing muscling (0.34, –0.06, –0.40 kg DM/day, P < 0.001). Dressing percentage (54.2%, 54.9%, 56.5%, P < 0.001), retail meat yield (67.5%, 68.4%, 71.4%, P < 0.001) and retail meat : bone ratio (3.40, 3.55, 3.83, P < 0.001) progressively increased from Low to High to HighHet steers. There were no significant differences for carcass rump and rib fat, or carcass fat yield between Low and High steers, but Low steers had higher marbling (P < 0.001). HighHet steers had the least fat across all carcass fat measurements, including marbling (all P < 0.008). These results demonstrate that muscling was increased by selection for visual MS in British-breed cattle and resulted in greater meat yield via greater muscle to bone ratios.
Ploidy and genetic diversity in Ontario salamanders of the Ambystoma jeffersonianum complex revealed through an electrophoretic examination of larvae

Salamander larvae from 13 breeding ponds were subjected to chromosomal and electrophoretic analyses. Both triploid and diploid members of the Ambystoma jeffersonianum complex were polymorphic for a malate dehydrogenase locus (MDH-3) and a lactate dehydrogenase locus (LDH-2). Sympatric A. maculatum larvae were electrophoretically distinctive from A. jeffersonianum complex larvae at both loci. Two genetically distinctive triploid clones were fixed heterozygotes. Most diploid larvae were homozygous, but a few diploid heterozygotes were found for both polymorphic loci. All the offspring of a sperm-carrying single triploid female which produced eggs in the laboratory were genetically identical to each other and to the mother but the tadpoles from some naturally occurring egg masses from one pond contained both diploid and triploid individuals. Tadpoles from two different egg masses contained representatives of both triploid genetic clones. Two different triploid genotypes were found to occur in a pond in Parry.
Impact of anxiety and fear for COVID-19 toward infection control practices among Thai healthcare workers

Anucha Apisarnthanarak MD1 , Piyaporn Apisarnthanarak MD2 , Chanida Siripraparat MD, PhD3, Pavarat Saengaram MD4, Narakorn Leeprechanon MD5 and David J. Weber MD6 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Nueng, Prathum Thani, Thailand, 2Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, 3Manorom Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, 4Bumrungrad Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, 5Department of Opthalmology, Rutnin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand and 6Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
miRNA‐182/Deptor/mTOR axis regulates autophagy to reduce intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury

It had been reported miR‐182 was down‐regulated after intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. However, its role and potential mechanisms are still unknown. This study was aimed to elucidate the function of miR‐182 in intestinal I/R injury and the underlying mechanisms. The model of intestinal injury was constructed in wild‐type and Deptor knockout (KO) mice. Haematoxylin‐eosin staining, Chiu's score and diamine oxidase were utilized to detect intestinal damage. RT‐qPCR assay was used to detected miR‐182 expression. Electronic microscopy was used to detect autophagosome. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of Deptor, S6/pS6, LC3‐II/LC3‐I and p62. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the relationship between miR‐182 and Deptor. The results showed miR‐182 was down‐regulated following intestinal I/R. Up‐regulation of miR‐182 reduced intestinal damage, autophagy, Deptor expression and enhanced mTOR activity following intestinal I/R. Moreover, suppression of autophagy reduced intestinal damage and inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin aggravated intestinal damage following intestinal I/R. Besides, damage of intestine was reduced and mTOR activity was enhanced in Deptor KO mice. In addition, Deptor was the target gene of miR‐182 and was indispensable for the protection of miR‐182 on intestine under I/R condition. Together, our research implicated up‐regulation of miR‐182 inhibited autophagy to alleviate intestinal I/R injury via mTOR by targeting Deptor.
PATTERNS IN MAYFLY (EPHEMEROPTERA) WING LENGTH: ADAPTATION TO DISPERSAL?

Abstract Using regression analysis on data compiled from the literature, I compared relationships (forewing versus body length) of mayfly imagoes, as a measure of dispersal, between suborders (Schistonota and Pannota) and among habitat type (lotic, lentic, and mixed). There were no significant differences in slopes or intercepts of the regression lines between sexes. Forewing length changed less markedly with body size for species within the ancestral Schistonota than the Pannota. Regression lines for lake and river forms intersect at 7.85 mm (wing length) and 7.30 mm (body length). Small (body length < 7.3 mm) lentic mayflies have proportionately longer wings than small riverine forms. Large (body length > 7.3 mm) riverine mayflies have proportionately longer wings than lentic forms. Based on these relationships, small lake-dwelling mayflies and large riverine mayflies are best able to disperse. Mayfly species occurring in mixed (both rivers and lakes) habitats exhibited allometric relationships similar to mayflies restricted to rivers. Résumé En me basant sur des regressions effectuées sur des données publiées, j’ai comparé la relation — longueur des ailes antérieures-longueur du corps—des imagos d’éphémères, afin de comparer leur capacité de dispersion entre sous-ordres (Schistonota et Pannota) et habitats (lotique, lentique et mixte). Il n’y avait pas de différence significative entre les sexes pour la pente ou le point d’interception des droites de régression. La longueur des ailes changeait moins avec la taille du corps chez les espèces du groupe ancien Schistonota, que chez celles des Pannota. Le point d’intersection des régressions pour les espèces de lacs et de rivières se situait à 7,85 mm (longueur des ailes) et 7,30 mm (longueur du corps). Les petits (longueur < 7,3 mm), éphémères lentiques ont les ailes proportionnellement plus longues que les petits éphémères des rivières. Les gros (longueur > 7,3 mm), éphémères des rivières ont les ailes proportionnellement plus longues que les formes lentiques. Sur la base de ces relations, les éphémères des lacs de petite taille et les grosses espèces des rivières auraient les meilleures capacités dispersives. Les éphémères d’habitats mixtes (lacs et rivières) ont des relations allométriques semblables aux éphémères limités aux rivières.
APHIDS OF THE GENUS SITOBION OCCURRING ON GRASSES IN SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA

Three forms of Sitobion Mordvilko occur commonly on grasses in southern Australia. S. nr fragariae (Walker), collected in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and Western Australia, has a diploid chromosome number of 18, and differs in electrophoretic mobility of enzymes at several loci from S. miscanthi (Takahashi), also with 2n = 18. A third form is here regarded as being derived from S. miscanthi, but differs from it in enzyme mobility at 2 loci and has 2n = 17, apparently resulting from an autosomal fusion. A fourth form, with 2n = 20, has been collected in the Sydney region on 2 occasions. It is electrophoretically identical to the 2n = 17 form. The 2n = 17 and 2n = 20 forms are concluded to be chromosomal races of S. miscanthi. The seasonal distribution of all forms is recorded; S. nr fragariae is common in spring, S. miscanthi (2n = 18) has been collected only in November‐December, and S. miscanthi (2n = 17,20) in November‐December and March‐July. This suggests different environmental tolerances for the 3 major forms.
Diagnostic yield of targeted sequential and massive panel approaches for inherited neuropathies

Diagnostic yield of genetic studies for Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT) is little known, with a lack of epidemiological data to build better diagnostic strategies outside the United States and Europe. We aimed to evaluate the performance of two molecular diagnostic strategies for patients with CMT, and to characterize epidemiological findings of these conditions in southern Brazil. We performed a single‐center cross‐sectional study, in which 94 patients (55 families) with CMT suspicion were evaluated. Overall, the diagnostic yield of the combined strategy of Multiplex‐ligation‐dependent‐probe‐amplification (MLPA) of PMP22/GJB1/MPZ and GJB1/MPZ/PMP22 Sanger sequencing was 63.6% (28/44) for index cases with demyelinating/intermediate CMT suspicion (21 CMT1A‐PMP22, 5 CMTX1‐GJB1 and 2 with probably CMT1B‐MPZ diagnosis). Five of the 11 index cases (45.4%) with axonal CMT had at least a possible diagnosis with next generation sequencing (NGS) panel of 104 inherited neuropathies‐related genes (one each with CMT1A‐PMP22, CMT2A‐MFN2, CMT2K‐GDAP1, CMT2U‐MARS, CMT2W‐HARS1). Detailed clinical, neurophysiological and molecular data of families are provided. Sequential molecular diagnosis strategies with MLPA plus target Sanger sequencing for demyelinating/intermediate CMT had high diagnostic yield, and almost half of axonal CMT families had at least a possible diagnosis with the comprehensive NGS panel. Most frequent subtypes of CMT in our region are CMT1A‐PMP22 and CMTX1‐GJB1.
Blood Orange Juice Consumption Increases Flow-Mediated Dilation in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated an inverse association between citrus fruit consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. There is, however, a paucity of data concerning effects of blood orange juice (BOJ) intake on endothelial function and cardiovascular risk biomarkers. OBJECTIVES We examined short-term effects of BOJ on endothelial function, blood pressure, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers in healthy participants of European origin who were overweight or obese. METHODS In a randomized, controlled, single-blind, crossover trial, 15 men and women (age: 28.7 ± 6.5 y; BMI: 28.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2) consumed BOJ or a sugar-matched control drink (CD) (200 mL twice daily) for 2 wk with a washout period of 1 wk. Endothelial function, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (primary outcome), and the secondary outcomes blood pressure, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, markers of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, and urinary flavanone metabolites were evaluated prior to and at the end of each treatment period following an overnight fast. Changes between treatments over time were assessed using repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS The results demonstrate a significant increase in FMD following BOJ consumption (pre: 8.15% ± 2.92%; post: 10.2% ± 3.31%; P = 0.002) compared with CD (pre: 8.11% ± 2.52%; post: 7.77% ± 2.43%; time × treatment interaction: P = 0.001). Concurrent significant increases in urinary hesperetin-3'-glucuronide and hesperetin-7-glucuronide were observed following BOJ supplementation only (time × treatment interaction: P ≤ 0.01). Baseline blood pressure, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and endothelin-1 were generally within healthy ranges and unaffected by the intervention. CONCLUSIONS A 2-wk consumption of BOJ exerted favorable effects on endothelial function in healthy women and men who were overweight or obese, which is likely mediated by the combined actions of anthocyanin and flavanone metabolites on mechanisms that contribute to enhancing NO bioavailability. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03611114.
Evidence‐based therapy in hypertrophic scars: An update of a systematic review

Hypertrophic scars are still a major burden for numerous patients, especially after burns. Many treatment options are available; however, no evidence‐based treatment protocol is available with recommendations mostly emerging from experience or lower quality studies. This review serves to discuss the currently available literature. A systematic review was performed and the databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched for suitable publications. Only original articles in English that dealt with the treatment of hypertrophic scars in living humans were analyzed. Further, studies with a level of evidence lower than 1 as defined by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons were excluded. After duplicate exclusion, 1638 studies were screened. A qualitative assessment yielded 163 articles eligible for evidence grading. Finally nine studies were included. Four of them used intralesional injections, four topical therapeutics and one assessed the efficacy of CO2‐laser. Intralesional triamcinolone + fluorouracil injections, and topical pressure and/or silicone therapy revealed significant improvements in terms of scar height, pliability, and pigmentation. This systematic review showed that still few high‐quality studies exist to evaluate therapeutic means and their mechanisms for hypertrophic scars. Among these, most of them assessed the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone injections with the same treatment protocol. Intralesional injection appears to be the best option for hypertrophic scar treatment. Future studies should focus on a possible optimization of infiltrative therapies, consistent end‐point evaluations, adequate follow‐up periods, and possibly intraindividual treatments.
Bird‐friendly wine country through diversified vineyards

Vinecology, the integration of ecological and viticultural practices, focuses on the working landscapes of the Mediterranean‐climate biomes to make wine‐grape production compatible with species conservation. We examined how maintaining remnant native vegetation and surrounding natural areas in and around vineyards, two primary practices of vinecology, may influence bird community richness and composition across a vineyard landscape. We conducted bird surveys over spring and summer (October–January) at 120 sites across a wine‐grape growing region in central Chile. The sites were equally divided across vineyards with and without remnant native vegetation, and sites had varying amounts of adjacent natural land cover. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine individual species responses to remnant vegetation in the vineyard at plot scale (within a 50‐m radius) in the surrounding natural area (within a 500–1000 m radius). We used the Horn similarity index to explore overall community differences to quantify variations in endemic species, guild detection levels, and species richness between site types. At the plot scale, 9 out of 30 species were positively associated with the proportion of remnant vegetation and 3 species were negatively associated. Six were positively influenced by the proportion of native vegetation in the surrounding landscape and 3 species were negatively associated with proportion of native vegetation. Although overall total detections and richness were significantly greater in continuous mixed Mediterranean forest, 84.9% of these species were also detected in forest remnants within vineyards. Endemics, insectivores, granivores, and omnivores were all more abundant in vineyards with remnant native vegetation than in vineyards without remnant native vegetation. Our results show the value of maintaining and restoring natural vegetation remnants in vineyards as a tool for bird conservation that can be applied in working landscapes of the New World Mediterranean climate regions.
Blood Pressure and Angiogenic Markers in Pregnancy

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a severe pregnancy complication, increasing risk of long-term cardiovascular disease in mothers and offspring. We hypothesized that maternal blood pressure in pregnancy associated with offspring blood pressure; that the associations were sex-specific; and that maternal circulating placental angiogenic markers (PlGF [placental growth factor] and sFlt-1 [soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1]) mediated this relationship. We analyzed data from 2434 women and 2217 children from the Odense Child Cohort, a prospective Danish cohort study. Offspring blood pressure trajectory from 4 months to 5 years was highly associated to maternal first, second, and third trimester blood pressure, and mean blood pressure in pregnancy, independent of maternal and offspring covariates. There were offspring sex-specific associations: Girls from mothers in the highest quartile of first and third trimester blood pressure had significantly higher systolic blood pressure at 5 years than the rest of the cohort (mean difference±SEM: 1.81±0.59 and 2.11±0.59 mm Hg, respectively, all P<0.01); whereas boys had significantly higher diastolic blood pressure at 5 years (mean difference±SEM: 1.11±0.45 and 1.03±0.45, respectively, all P<0.05). Concentrations of PlGF at gestational week 28 correlated inversely to maternal gestational blood pressure trajectory, independent of the diagnosis of pregnancy-induced hypertension, adjusted β coefficients (95% CI) for predicting systolic blood pressure (SBP): −3.18 (−4.66 to −1.70) mm Hg, for predicting diastolic blood pressure (DBP): −2.48 (−3.57 to −1.40) mm Hg. In conclusion, maternal gestational blood pressure predicted offspring blood pressure trajectory until 5 years in a sex-differential manner. Furthermore, subtle alterations in blood pressure in early pregnancy preceded hypertension or preeclampsia, and PlGF was a mediator of cardiovascular health in pregnancy.
THE EFFECTS OF CHOLINE AND SINAPINE BISULFATE IN A LAYING RATION ON THE INCIDENCE OF FISHY ODOR IN EGGS FROM BROWN-SHELLED EGG LAYERS

Two experiments were conducted in which the effects of including in the ration free choline, supplied as choline chloride or as hydrolyzed sinapine (ester of sinapic acid and choline), and bound choline, supplied as sinapine from rapeseed meal, on the fishy odor and the trimethylamine (TMA) content of eggs laid by brown-shelled egg layers were assessed. The results indicated that at the levels fed, free choline does not cause the production of fishy eggs; however, 57% of the eggs produced by the birds fed a comparable level of bound choline in the form of sinapine had a fishy odor and contained appreciable amounts of TMA.
Genome Dosage Effect and Hybrid Morphology — The Case of the Hybridogenetic Water Frogs of the Pelophylax esculentus Complex

Western Palearctic water frogs offer a unique possibility to study the genome dosage effect (GDE). There are two morphologically distinct species, Pelophylax ridibundus RR and Pelophylax lessonae LL, and their hybridogenetic hybrid Pelophylax esculentus (RL, LLR or RRL). It is supposed that RL have intermediate morphological features, LLR are more similar to P. lessonae, and RRL more similar to P. ridibundus. We tested if the morphology of the water frogs reflects the GDE, and whether it can be used in the field for determination of the genome composition. Mean values of the indices DP/CI, T/CI and F/T followed the order LL-LLR-RL-RRL-RR. After applying discriminant and canonical analyses 89% RR, 95% LL, 91% RL, 84% LLR and 52% RRL were correctly classified. Surprisingly, the L haplotype had bigger influence on morphology than the R haplotype — all hybrid genotypes were morphologically closer to P. lessonae than to P. ridibundus.
Genome-Wide mRNA and microRNA Profiling of the NCI 60 Cell-Line Screen and Comparison of FdUMP[10] with Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, and Topoisomerase 1 Poisons

A profile of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression patterns across the NCI-60 cell-line screen was analyzed to identify expression signatures that correlate with sensitivity to FdUMP[10], fluorouracil (5FU), floxuridine (FdU), topotecan, and irinotecan. Genome-wide profile analyses revealed FdUMP[10] resembles FdU most closely and shows dissimilarities with 5FU. FdUMP[10] had the largest dynamic range of any of these drugs across the NCI-60 indicative of cancer cell–specific activity. Genes involved in endocytosis, such as clathrin (CLTC), SNF8, annexin A6 (ANXA6), and amyloid protein-binding 2 (APPBP2) uniquely correlated with sensitivity to FdUMP[10], consistent with a protein-mediated cellular uptake of FdUMP[10]. Genes involved in nucleotide metabolism were enriched for the three fluoropyrimidine drugs, with the expression profile for 5FU correlated to an RNA-mediated cytotoxic mechanism, whereas expression of glycosyltransferases (XYLT2) that use UDP sugars as substrates and the nucleoside diphosphatase and metastasis suppressor NM23 (NME1) were associated with FdUMP[10] sensitivity. Topotecan and irinotecan had significant negative correlations with miR-24, a miRNA with a high aggregate PCT score for topoisomerase 1 (Top1). Our results reveal significant new correlations between FdUMP[10] and Top1 poisons, as well as new information on the unique cytotoxic mechanism and genomic signature of FdUMP[10]. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(12); 3105–14. ©2010 AACR.
Recovery of populations of the soil lichen Psora crenata after disturbance in arid South Australia

Measurements were made of density, size and shape of colonies of the soil lichen Psora crenata at sites with varying disturbance histories at Maralinga in arid South Australia. Lichens were measured along transects at 10 sites with recovery intervals ranging from 3 to 42 years, and on four undisturbed control sites. As the time since disturbance increased, the number of lichen colonies increased markedly, colony size declined, but colony shape remained unchanged. We tentatively suggest that at least 60 years is required for disturbed sites to approach the condition of undisturbed sites. These results reinforce the notion that lichen recovery is very slow, and suggest that colony density of Psora could be a useful indicator of recovery after disturbance in rangelands where crusts are a common component of the soil surface. Keywords: Psora crenata, rangelands, soil crusts, cryptogams, rangeland health