Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMORBIDITY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND EPILEPSY: MORE QUESTIONS OR ANSWERS?

The literature data of the last three decades on the problem of comorbidity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and epilepsy have been analyzed, such as issues of pathogenesis, clinical course, prognosis, and treatment of this dual pathology. Epileptic seizures occur in 2–3% to 5.9% of patients with MS, which is 3–6 times more common than in the general population. The incidence of epilepsy raises with increasing duration and severity of MS, with its progressive course, and also depends on the effect of drugs for the treatment of MS. There is no unanimity in the literature on the age and gender characteristics of the occurrence of epileptic seizures in MS. Probable mechanisms of MS comorbidity and epilepsy are analyzed. Data on certain common pathophysiology of MS and epilepsy and the concept according to which the model of epilepsy in MS is considered as a network disease are presented. Data on clinical manifestations and diagnosis of comorbid MS with epilepsy are presented. Epileptic seizures can occur at any stage of MS: before the clinical manifestations, at the onset of the disease, in the late stages, or can indicate exacerbation of MS. Types of epileptic seizures with a dual diagnosis (MS + epilepsy) are diverse. The majority of patients (up to 87.5%) have focal seizures (aware or unaware) or focal seizures to bilateral tonic-clonic, and a small share of patients have seizures of unknown origin. Most researchers believe that patients with MS and epilepsy have a more severe MS course and a worse long-term prognosis. The main directions of MS treatment and the impact of such treatment on the development of epileptic seizures are highlighted. Data on the effect of some disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of MS on the course of epilepsy and, on the other hand, on the impact of some antiseizure medications on the course of MS are presented. It is concluded that patients with MS have individual profiles and inter-individual variability of epileptogenicity. The principles of treatment of epileptic seizures/epilepsy in patients with MS are proposed.
Research on inter-disciplinary links training engineers-designers for agricultural machinery at agricultural universities

There are studied and analysed peculiarities of inter-disciplinary links of the course of theoretical mechanics with general technical and special disciplines when training engineers-designers of agricultural machinery. The topicality of the problem of inter-disciplinary links in education is determined by objective processes in modern education, in particular, in training engineers-designers for agricultural machinery. The purpose of this study is theoretical substantiation of the didactic efficiency of establishing and implementation of inter-disciplinary links between theoretical mechanics, general technical and professional disciplines in order to improve the professional knowledge of the engineers-designers of agricultural machinery. As research methods there are accepted theoretical (comparative analysis of the scientific-methodical and pedagogical literature) and empirical (observation, analysis and generalization of pedagogical learning experience) methods. The comparative analysis of the results of studying theoretical mechanics, the disciplines of natural sciences, general technical and professional cycles, based on statistical processing of the results of the experiment, showed an increase in the level of formation of inter-disciplinary knowledge links and, accordingly, a 17% increase in the level and cognitive activity of future engineers-designers of agricultural machinery. The results of this research allow drawing a conclusion that ensuring integrity, fundamental and professional orientation of education is possible only if inter-disciplinary links are introduced.
The energy confinement response of DIII-D plasmas to resonant magnetic perturbations

Resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) are a leading method for edge localized modes (ELMs) Control in fusion plasmas. However they can also cause a rapid degradation in energy confinement. In this paper we show that the energy confinement in low collisionality (νe∗ < 0.3) DIII-D ITER similar shape (ISS) plasmas often recovers after several energy confinement times for RMP amplitudes up to the threshold for ELM suppression. Immediately following the application of the RMP, the plasma stored energy decreases in proportion to the decrease in the line-averaged density during density ‘pump-out’. Later in the discharge confinement recovery is observed in the thermal ion channel and is correlated with the increase in the ion temperature at the top of the H-mode pedestal. A correlation between the inverse scale length of the ion temperature (a/LTi) and the E×B shearing rate at the top of the pedestal is seen during the confinement recovery phase. Transport analysis reveals that the confinement improvement in the ion channel results from the self-similarity in the ion temperature profiles in the plasma core combined with the observed increase in a/LTi in the plasma edge following density pump-out. In contrast the electron temperature scale length (a/LTe) remains essentially unchanged in response to the application of the RMP. At significantly higher RMP levels the edge E×B shearing rate and a/LTi does not increase and the confinement does not recover following density pump-out.
Application of Electronic Means in Endurance Coordination Testing of Students with Disabilities Who are War Veterans

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of electronic means created based on information and communication technologies in coordination testing of the endurance of students with disabilities who are war veterans in practical physical education classes. Materials and methods. To solve research problems, scientific intelligence applied the implementation of research at the theoretical and empirical levels. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, systematization, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics and technical modeling were used. The study involved 46 students who are war veterans (males aged 17–18). Results. An electronic mean for determining coordination endurance based on information and communication technologies and software has been developed. The design of the mean involves the use of mobile and stationary measuring units and a personal computer. The measuring unit contains analog and digital sensors. Information about the student’s performance on the test is displayed on the personal computer screen. Approbation of the developed mean involved establishing the degree of its authenticity by comparing the results of testing the coordination endurance of students with disabilities who are war veterans implemented using traditional methods of measurement and the results of testing using the developed mean. The calculation of the reliability and validity of the tests showed that the recording of control results by electronic means allows ensuring a high level of authenticity of the tests. Conclusions. The use of the electronic control means of coordination endurance presented in the work allows the achievement of a high level of reliability of control results in real time. Based on the summaries of the conducted empirical research, it was established that the introduction of electronic means of control in the process of physical education of students with disabilities who are war veterans helps to ensure the effectiveness of this process.
Dynamics and Instabilities of Free Surface and Vortex Flows

A number of problems related to particle trajectories in ideal 2D flows are discussed. Both regular particle paths, corresponding to integrable dynamics, and irregular or chaotic paths may arise. Examples of both types are shown. Sometimes, in the same flow, certain particles will follow regular paths while others follow irregular paths. Even in the chaotic region the amount of regularity or irregularity of a path depends on initial conditions and system parameters. The notion of a transported fluid region or ‘‘atmosphere’’ is mentioned. Various conclusions, ideas and queries are formulated based on the examples given. The intimate mix of regular and chaotic trajectories complicates a purely Lagrangian approach to fluid flow problems. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Reality of gravity-like fields? Part II: Analysis of gravitomagnetic experiments

In this paper (which is a follow up of the accompanying paper by W. Droscher) an in depth analysis of three recent gravitomagnetic experiments is given. These experiments are unique, since there is a possibility that extreme gravitomagnetic fields outside general relativity might have been generated. The experiments were carried out in entirely different environments and are not related in any aspect, except that the effects reported are dependent on cryogenic temperatures. Furthermore, completely different measurement techniques were employed. The set of three experiments comprises the two laboratory experiments by Tajmar et al., Graham et al., and the NASA-Stanford University Gravity Probe-B space experiment. The physical phenomena observed could indicate the existence of novel physics outside both general relativity and the standard model of particle physics, and also would have major implications on the standard model of cosmology. Qualitative as well as quantitative comparisons between a physical model (Extended Heim Theory (EHT), which predicts the existence of extreme gravitomagnetic fields under cryogenic temperature conditions) and experimental results are presented. Several, so far unexplained, observations will be addressed. For instance, a physical explanation for the signal decay in the different experimental setups in the experiments by Tajmar et al. as well as the so called parity violation, seen in both experiments by Tajmar and Graham, will be given. Moreover, the difference in signal strengths between rings and disks, as reported by Tajmar etc., will be discussed. The tangential acceleration and deceleration of the four Nb coated quartz spheres and their mutual interactions in the GP-B experiment are explained through the existence of extreme gravitomagnetic fields. Finally, in order to clarify the currently non-conclusive experimental situation, a gravitational (Gedanken) Aharonov-Bohm experiment is portrayed that utilizes the interference of matter waves to measure the impact of such fields, being independent on the magnitude of gyroscope data, and, if feasible, would provide a yes-no decision on the existence of extreme gravitomagnetic fields.
ESTIMATED AVERAGE GLUCOSE, EAG – A MORE INTUITIVE UNDERSTANDING OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL.

Harpreet Kaur Walia 1 and Kamaljeet Kaur 2 . 1. Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Solan. 2. Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Analyzing Critical Thinking Skills of Physics Preservice Teachers on Electricity and Magnetism

The primary objective of education is to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively engage in their chosen professions and make meaningful contributions to their respective communities. One of the skills needed is critical thinking skills. The mastery of critical thinking skills is deemed essential for preservice physics teachers in the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the critical thinking skills of preservice physics teacher on electricity and magnetism. The research involved 38 preservice physics teacher students at one of the LPTK’s in Indonesia. The research method applied is descriptive quantitative. The research instrument used was a description test, namely the Critical Thinking Skills in Electricity and Magnetism (CTEM). Test yang didiadopsi dari Tiruneh et al. (2017). The results showed that the critical thinking skills of physics teacher candidates were low. Efforts are needed to improve critical thinking skills through methods, models, media, and other interventions in learning.
Clinical Course and Outcome of Prenatally Detected 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome—A Retrospective Analysis

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) is known as the most common microdeletion syndrome. Due to its variable clinical phenotype, prenatal diagnosis can be challenging. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical course and pregnancy outcome of cases with prenatally diagnosed 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) as well as to evaluate the role of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postmortem examination. In total, 21 cases who underwent prenatal ultrasound examination and pregnancy care at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Medical University of Vienna between 2012 and 2022 were included. The majority of the cases were genetically diagnosed using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The median gestational age (GA) at genetic diagnosis was 23.0 weeks (IQR 21.4–24.8 weeks). CHDs were detected in all fetuses and the most common extracardiac manifestation was thymus hypo/aplasia followed by genitourinary anomalies. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed additional diagnostic information in three of ten cases. Overall, 14 patients opted for drug-induced TOP, of which 9 cases had a feticide prior to the induction of labor. The majority of craniofacial malformations were only detected by autopsy. In conclusion, the majority of cases prenatally diagnosed with 22q11.2 DS had an absent or hypoplastic thymus noted antenatally in addition to the detected CHD, and almost half of the cases had another extracardiac malformation of predominantly genitourinary origin. Furthermore, prenatal MRIs confirmed previously detected malformations, but only provided additional diagnostic information in three out of ten cases, whereas postmortem examination diagnosed most of the craniofacial anomalies and should always be conducted, serving as an important quality indicator for prenatal imaging.
Rates of the Trans-radial Approach in Elective and Emergency Coronary Angiography in Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and aims The trans-radial access is becoming the default approach in many cardiac centers worldwide. Data from the Middle East, including Iraq, on the trends and rates of the use of trans-radial access are scarce. The aim of this study is to determine the rates of trans-radial approach (TRA) versus transfemoral approach (TFA) in patients with coronary artery syndromes undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Iraq. Methods In this multicenter prospective study, we collected 885 cases of coronary artery disease undergoing coronary angiography/PCI from three main cities of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq from 2022 to 2023. Results Of the total sample, 57.2% were diagnostic coronary angiography and 42.8% were PCI, 57.1% of all cases were TFA and 42.9% were TRA, and 64.3% of PCI cases were performed through TFA. Eghty-two percent of total emergency PCI included (primary PCI) cases underwent the procedure through the TFA, and only 18% of such cases were through the TRA. The overall crossover rate between both approaches happened in 14 (3.6%) cases. Conclusions Despite its main benefits, the radial access use in the Cath lab is yet underused in our region. Further steps in training programs are indicated to popularize the use of radial access among interventional cardiologists in addition to transfemoral access.
IV AND GMM INFERENCE IN ENDOGENOUS STOCHASTIC UNIT ROOT MODELS

Lieberman and Phillips (2017; LP) introduced a multivariate stochastic unit root (STUR) model, which allows for random, time varying local departures from a unit root (UR) model, where nonlinear least squares (NLLS) may be used for estimation and inference on the STUR coefficient. In a structural version of this model where the driver variables of the STUR coefficient are endogenous, the NLLS estimate of the STUR parameter is inconsistent, as are the corresponding estimates of the associated covariance parameters. This paper develops a nonlinear instrumental variable (NLIV) as well as GMM estimators of the STUR parameter which conveniently addresses endogeneity. We derive the asymptotic distributions of the NLIV and GMM estimators and establish consistency under similar orthogonality and relevance conditions to those used in the linear model. An overidentification test and its asymptotic distribution are also developed. The results enable inference about structural STUR models and a mechanism for testing the local STUR model against a simple UR null, which complements usual UR tests. Simulations reveal that the asymptotic distributions of the NLIV and GMM estimators of the STUR parameter as well as the test for overidentifying restrictions perform well in small samples and that the distribution of the NLIV estimator is heavily leptokurtic with a limit theory which has Cauchy-like tails. Comparisons of STUR coefficient and standard UR coefficient tests show that the one-sided UR test performs poorly against the one-sided STUR coefficient test both as the sample size and departures from the null rise. The results are applied to study the relationships between stock returns and bond spread changes.
All-photonic switching based on selective input pump polarization states in Fe-doped PbS/PVA freestanding nanocomposite films

A new optical pump–probe technique for all-optical switching is proposed based on three-selective input pump polarization states to pump material simultaneously. The new technique makes it possible to obtain efficient all-optical switching of nonlinear optical materials with very low signal background and increased stability of switching signals. Undoped and Fe-doped PbS/PVA freestanding nanocomposite films are prepared by a simple chemical method at different doping concentrations. The x-ray diffraction patterns and optical absorption spectra of the prepared films are examined. The crystallinity and optical band gap of the prepared Fe-PbS/PVA are found to be affected by Fe doping concentration. The all-optical switching effect of Fe-PbS/PVA freestanding nanocomposite films with various Fe concentrations was investigated. The proposed technique that demonstrates all-optical switching with three-input polarization states can lead to the realization of all-photonic switching at a threshold optical pump power of 19 mW with maximum modulation depth (ON/OFF) of 86% and switching contrast (ON/OFF) of 8.6 dB for a minimum switching time of 43 ms.
Search for High-Energy Neutrino Production in Short Gamma Ray Bursts with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

The Universe is still full of not yet or not fully understood processes. Among all these phenomena, the Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the most impressive ones. The GRBs are the most luminous events known to occur in the Universe (L ∼ 10 erg s−1). These enormous explosions have been proposed as the solution of another Astroparticle Physics enigma: the origin of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays. GRBs could indeed be the cosmic accelerators responsible of the most energetic part of the Cosmic ray flux with particles reaching energies into the range of 10-10 eV. Physicists have devised several models to explain through which physical processes nature might be able to reach these kind of extremely high energies. One of the most popular models for GRBs is the so-called Fireball Model. All the models developed by physicists to describe the GRB phenomenon assume the creation of high-energy neutrinos (Eν ∼ 100TeV), which travel into the universe and should therefore be detectable on Earth. Our analysis concentrates on a subclass of the GRBs: the short duration GRBs (SGRBs), defined by T90 ≤ 2 s. This represents the first time that a neutrino analysis is performed on this subclass of GRBs. We have developed a dedicated analysis, with a new approach for the event selection and a specific statistical analysis. As most of previous works, no significant signal is found. Our computed limits on the neutrino flux disfavour much of the parameter space for the theoretical models for the production of neutrinos in SGRBs. The tension between observations and theoretical models is confirmed and enhanced.
Does Eating Out Cause in Overweight and Obesity in Adolescence?

Overweight and obesity, among others, arise from not choosing food intake properly. It was triggered by a shift in people-trend which prefer to buy food outside than at home, mainly during college period. Student food choices that are characterized by high energy, fat, salt, and low fiber can impact on fat accumulation and overweight. The study aimed to explore the association between eating out with overweight and obesity among college student at Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. This study used a cross-sectional design. As many as 206 respondents were taken using convenience sampling. Data was collected through Google Forms, height and weight were measured based on independent reports and presented descriptively. The relationship between eating out habits and obesity was analized using Chi Square. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among college students was 11.2% and 52.4%, respectively. There was a relationship between eating out habits purchased directly with overweight and obesity in Sebelas Maret University students (p 0,047). Eating out can increase the risk of overweight/obesity in college students. It is necessary to pay attention to the selection of types of food consumed by students outside the home.
Influence of Mid-Latitudinal Planetary Waves on the Tropics under the Existence of Critical Latitude

The influence of eastward-moving, mid-latitudinal planetary waves on the tropics is investigated, using a numerical model of primitive equations in spherical coordinates. Under the existence of a horizontal shear between the middle latitude westerly and the equatorial easterly, these waves encounter critical latitude where their phase speed is equal to the mean flow in the course of propagation. The preliminary consideration using linearized equations shows that mid-latitudinal planetary wave with zonal wavenumber 1 under the mean flow of 35m/sec can affect the tropical atmosphere most intensely when it has a period of about 12 days, in case of no critical latitude. In the case with critical latitude, the wave becomes evanescent in the south of that latitude and cannot have any influence upon the equatorial disturbances. However, in the model including non-linear interaction with zonal flow, this conclusion is greatly altered. The critical latitude can no longer be a barrier to the southward energy flow from the middle latitude and a new equatorial wave is instigated in the experiment. It is also revealed that the structure of the newly instigated wave is similar to the equatorial Kelvin wave.