Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Deep Sedation on Mechanical Power in Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Prospective Self-Control Study

Mechanical power (MP) is a parameter for assessing ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Deep sedation inhibits the respiratory center and reduces the excessive spontaneous breathing in ARDS patients, thereby reducing transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) and lung injury. However, the effect of sedation on MP in ARDS patients is not yet clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of deep sedation on MP in ARDS patients. Patients with moderate to severe ARDS who required mechanical ventilation were considered. Different degrees of sedation were performed on patients in three stages after 24 hours of mechanical ventilation. The three stages are as follows: stage 1 (H+3): 0 to 3 hours of sedation; patients' Ramsay score was 2-3 to obtain mild sedation; stage 2 (H+6): 4 to 6 hours of sedation; the sedation depth was adjusted to 5-6 points; and stage 3 (H+9): 7 to 9 hours of sedation; the sedation depth was adjusted to 2-3 points. Under deep sedation (H+6), MP, respiratory rate (RR), and Ptp were significantly lower than the ones in the patients under mild sedation (H+3) (all P < 0.01) although PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) and static lung compliance (Cst) were significantly higher (both P < 0.01). However, no significant difference in the above parameters was observed between H+3 and H+9. Correlation analysis showed that ΔMP was significantly and positively correlated with ΔRR and ΔPtp (both P < 0.001), while no correlation was observed neither between ΔMP and ΔCst nor between ΔMP and ΔP/F. The 28-day Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed the occurrence of 19 deaths, and the overall survival rate was 63.46%. The survival rate was 53.12% in the high-MP (HMP) group and 80.95 in the low-MP (LMP) group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, deep sedation significantly reduced MP in patients with moderate to severe ARDS, thereby reducing the occurrence of VILI. In addition, MP monitoring in deep sedation predicted the 28-day survival of patients with moderate to severe ARDS.
Aerodynamic Optimization Design of a 150 kW High Performance Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centrifugal Compressor without a High Speed Requirement

Supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle technology has the advantages of excellent energy density and heat transfer. The compressor is the most critical and complex component of the cycle. Especially, in order to make the system more reliable and economical, the design method of a high efficiency compressor without a high speed requirement is particularly important. In this paper, thermodynamic design software of a S-CO2 centrifugal compressor is developed. It is used to design the 150 kW grade S-CO2 compressor at the speed of 40,000 rpm. The performance of the initial design is carried out by a 3-D aerodynamic analysis. The aerodynamic optimization includes three aspects: numerical calculation, design software and the flow part geometry parameters. The aerodynamic performance and the off-design performance of the optimal design are obtained. The results show that the total static efficiency of the compressor is 79.54%. The total pressure ratio is up to 1.9. The performance is excellent, and it can operate normally within the mass flow rate range of 5.97 kg/s to 11.05 kg/s. This research provides an intelligent and efficient design method for S-CO2 centrifugal compressors with a low flow rate and low speed, but high pressure ratio.
Deciphering the link between PTPN22 and autoimmunity

Recent genetic studies have linked a C to T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) to several autoimmune diseases (ADs). This changes amino acid at position 620 from an Arginine (R) to a Tryptophan (W) in the protein, Lyp. Lyp is thought to be a negatively regulator of TCR signalling by dephosphorylating Src family kinases Lck and Fyn, and Zap70. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of predisposition to ADs by the R620W polymorphism are not yet understood. Several studies have reported the R620W polymorphism as a “gain of function” change resulting in an increase in the PTP activity of Lyp. It has been further hypothesised that the W620 isoform suppresses TCR signalling more potently than the R620 isoform, resulting in the survival of auto-reactive cells that would normally be deleted by negative selection in the thymus. Alternatively, the impact of Lyp W620 on TCR signalling may have an effect on the development and functioning of T regulatory cells. To investigate the effect of the R620W polymorphism in T cells, lentivirus plasmids expressing the R and W isoforms of Lyp were generated and used to introduce the Lyp and wLyp isoforms in leukaemic T cells thereby generating H9 and E6.1 cell lines over- R W expressing the Lyp and Lyp isoforms. Investigation of activation marker expression and cytokine production by these T cell lines post activation showed no differences in CD69 activation marker expression between the RLyp and wLyp expressing T cells or between the R/wLyp expressing and control cells (not expressing exogenous Lyp). However, there was a trend towards a reduction in IL-2 production observed by R/WLyp expressing H9 T cells compared to control cells. In addition, a significant reduction in IL-10 production by R/wLyp expressing H9 T cells compared to control cells was observed. This effect of Lyp on IL-10 production suggests a potential mechanism by which wLyp, if indeed a more active PTP, may predispose to ADs.
Reverberation mapping of AGNs through continuum polarization

Context. The size and geometry of the broad-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are among the main ingredients in determining the mass of the accreting black hole. Size and geometry can be constrained by determining the delay between the optical continuum and the flux reprocessed by the BLR, in particular, through the emission lines. Aims. We propose here that the delay between polarized and unpolarized light can also be used in much the same way to constrain the size of the BLR; we verify that meaningful results can be expected from observations using this technique. Methods. We used our code STOKES to simulate polarized radiative transfer. We determined the response of the environment of the central source (BLR, dust torus, and polar wind) to randomly generated fluctuations in the central source. We then calculated the cross correlation between the simulated polarized flux and the total flux to estimate the time delay that would be provided by observations using the same method. Results. The BLR is the main contributor to the delay between the polarized flux and the total flux. This delay is independent of the observation wavelength. Conclusions. This validates the use of polarized radiation in the optical/UV band to estimate the geometrical properties of the BLR in type I AGNs, in which the viewing angle is close to pole-on and the BLR is not obscured by the dust torus.
Deformation of a nanocube with a single incoherent precipitate: role of precipitate size and dislocation looping

ABSTRACT Precipitate hardening is a key strengthening mechanism in metallic alloys. Classical models for precipitate hardening are based on the average behaviour of an ensemble of precipitates, and fail to capture the complexity of dislocation-precipitate interactions that have recently been observed at individual precipitates in simulations and in-situ electron microscopy. In order to achieve tailored mechanical properties, detailed deformation mechanisms at specific precipitates that account for precipitate size, crystallography, and defect structure must be understood, but has been challenging to achieve experimentally. Here, in-situ scanning electron microscope mechanical testing is used to obtain the compressive stress–strain behaviour at an individual, incoherent Au precipitate within a Cu nanocube, and determine the influence of precipitate and cube size on yield strength and strain hardening. TEM imaging and strain mapping of the initial structure shows misfit dislocations at the Au precipitate, threading dislocations that traverse the Cu shell, and localised and anisotropic strain near the precipitate and threading dislocation. These nanocubes have yield strengths of 800–1000 MPa and strain hardening rate of 1–4 GPa. Yield strength is found to depend on the distance from the precipitate interface to the cube edge, while strain hardening depends on both cube size and precipitate size. An analytical model is developed to quantify the contribution of Orowan looping, Orowan stress, back stress and image stress to plasticity at the Au precipitate. Orowan stress is found to be the largest contributor, followed by back stress and image stress.
Modeling Avalanche Induced Degradation for 4H-SiC Power MOSFETs

In this letter, a model that predicates the degradation of 4H-SiC power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors under repetitive avalanche stress is proposed. Since positive charges are injected into the gate oxide interface of the JFET region, the gate-drain capacitance <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(C_{gd})$</tex-math></inline-formula> is chosen as the targeted parameter to quantify the avalanche induced degradation. The relationship between the increment of the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{gd}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and the injected charge density is calculated and validated to demonstrate the rationale of the model. It is found that the increment of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{gd}$</tex-math></inline-formula> has a linear relationship with the logarithm of the total avalanche energy (<italic>E</italic><sub>AV</sub>) dissipated on the device. Excellent agreement is also achieved between the simulated degraded data and the measured one, further proving the accuracy of the proposed degradation model.
Multiple drivers of production and particle export in the western tropical North Atlantic

To assess the impacts of Amazon River discharge, Saharan dust deposition, N2‐fixation and mixed‐layer deepening on the biological carbon pump, sediment traps were moored from October 2012 to November 2013 at two sites in the western tropical North Atlantic (49°W,12°N/57°W,12°N). Particle exports interpreted along with satellite‐ and Argo‐float data show peak fluxes in biogenic silica (31 mg m−2 d−1) and organic carbon (25 mg m−2 d−1) during the fall of 2013 that were ten to five times higher than any time earlier during the year. These high export fluxes occurred in tandem with high surface chlorophyll a concentrations associated with the dispersal of the Amazon River plume, following retroflection into the North‐Atlantic‐Counter‐Current. High fucoxanthin fluxes (> 80 μg m−2 d−1) and low δ15N‐values (−0.6‰) suggest a large contribution by marine diatom‐diazotrophic‐associations, possibly enhanced by wet Saharan dust deposition. During summer, the Amazon River plume resulted in high mass fluxes at 57°W that were enriched in biogenic silica but weakly influenced by diazotrophic‐associations compared to the fall event at 49°W. High carbonate‐carbon fluxes (17 mg m−2 d−1) dominated a second single event at 49°W during spring that was likely triggered by mixed‐layer deepening. Rain‐ratios of BSi/Ccarb amounted to 1.7 when associated with high export fluxes linked to the Amazon River plume. Compared to an annual average of 0.3, this indicates a more efficient uptake of CO2 via the biological pump compared to when the plume was absent, hence supporting earlier observations that the Amazon River plume is important for ocean CO2 sequestration.
Acarine fauna of arable soils and their screening for nematophagy

A qualitative and quantitative survey of CCS Haryana Agriculutral University farm for soil acarine and nematode fauna associated with different crops revealed that overall, cryptostigmatid mites were the most frequent and abundant, followed by mesostigmatids, prostigmatids and astigmatids. The relative densities of cryptostigmatids and mesostigmatids were almost similar with annual and perennial crops. Soil mites occurred more frequently in the upper soil layer (0–5 cm) as compared to the deeper layer (15–30 cm), however, in terms of abundance, Prostigmata was more in upper layer and Mesostigrnata in deeper layer, while Crytostigmata and Astigmata were equally abundant in the two soil layers. No qualitative correlation between soil acarines and coinhabiting plant parasitic nematodes was evident.
Dynamic Risk Assessment of Lead Pollution of Shooting Range Soil by Applying the Delayed Geochemical Hazard Model – A Case Study in Botswana

ABSTRACT The delayed geochemical hazard (DGH) model was used to show that environmental pollution risk from Pb is a dynamic process as opposed to static. The DGH model describes the potential transformation and release of Pb partitioned in the different fractions of the soil that may be inert but becoming reactive when the conditions of the soil such as pH, moisture, and organic matter become favorable or when the Pb deposited into the soil exceeds the soil-holding capacity. As opposed to single extraction procedures that investigate the total amount of Pb deposited into shooting range soils, irrespective of whether that Pb is from inert or labile Pb species, the DGH model takes into consideration the mineralogical state of the Pb species and the ever-changing physicochemical characteristics of the soil. The total concentration of Pb does not give details on the bioaccessibility, bioavailability, mobility, and quantitative environmental pollution risk of deposited Pb to biota. This model was applied on a case study in shooting range soils highly polluted with Pb at concentrations of up to 38 406.87 mg/kg. The findings indicated that TAB shooting range located inside a military airbase in the southern part of Botswana may be classified as high-risk area of Pb DGH with over 65% of Pb capable of being transformed into the mobile and bioavailable chemical forms.
Fast Domain Adaptation for Goal-Oriented Dialogue Using a Hybrid Generative-Retrieval Transformer

Goal-oriented dialogue systems are now widely adopted in industry, where practical aspects of using them becomes of key importance. As such, it is expected from such systems to fit into a rapid prototyping cycle for new products and domains. For data-driven dialogue systems (especially those based on deep learning) that amounts to maintaining production-level performance having been provided with a few ‘seed’ dialogue examples, normally referred to as data efficiency.With extremely data-dependent deep learning methods, the most promising way to achieve practical data efficiency is transfer learning—i.e., leveraging a greater, highly represented data source for training a base model, then fine-tuning it to available in-domain data.In this paper, we present a hybrid generative-retrieval model that can be trained using transfer learning. By using GPT-2 as the base model and fine-tuning it to the multidomain MetaLWOz dataset, we obtain a robust dialogue model able to perform both response generation and ranking 1. Combining both, it outperforms several competitive generative-only and retrieval-only baselines, measured by language modeling quality on MetaLWOz as well as in goal- oriented metrics (Intent/Slot Fl-scores) on the MultiWoz corpus.
The Influence of Social Perceptions on Restaurant Employee Work Engagement and Extra-Role Customer Service Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of restaurant employees’ social perceptions of their supervisors on employees’ work engagement and extra-role customer service behavior. We also assessed restaurant employees’ social perceptions of their coworkers as a moderator. Utilizing an online survey design, data were collected from frontline restaurant employees via an online commercial subject pool (N = 477). Results showed that the more employees perceive their supervisors as warm, competent, and moral, the more employees were willing to engage in extra-role customer service behavior via the indirect effect of increased work engagement. The effect of work engagement on extra-role customer service was also found to be more pronounced when employees developed positive social perceptions of their coworkers. These results offer implications for work engagement, as they suggest a new antecedent in the form of social perceptions, as well as a boundary condition to the positive outcomes of engagement through the interactive effect of social perceptions of coworkers and extra-role customer service behavior. In doing so, these results also shed light on the relevance of social perceptions in hospitality operations.
The Role of Ownership’s Concentration Moderating Dividend Policy Effects on Firm Value

Purpose: The main aim of this research is to examine the role of ownership’s concentration moderating of dividend policy effects on firm value. Design/methodology/approach: For the empirical part we have used a sample of 23 companies with five years of observation a total of 115 data observations. The retrieval of data observations in the sample was based on certain criteria in the period of 2014-2018. Findings: The result supported the hypothesis that dividend policy had a positive effect on firm value. Besides, the concentration of ownership weakened the relationship between the dividend policy and the firm value. Results proved that companies in Indonesia whose ownership had been owned by families would affect management policies, such as dividend policy. Practical Implications: Therefore, the concerns of business ethics in Indonesia had been weak. It was supporting the allegation that law enforcement in Indonesia was weak. Originality/value: The Novelty of testing the concentration of ownership as a moderating variable.
Inbreeding depression for yield and quality characters in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Inbreeding depression study was carried out in l0 x 10 diallel analysis (excluding reciprocals) of tomato during Rabi, 1997-1998. Data were analyed for inbreeding depression in F2 generation for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, pericarp thickness. TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid, early yield and total yield, inbreeding depression was observed in F2 generation, which varied from character to character. Nine crosses yielded more in F2 generation than F1 generation. In such crosses pedigree method of selection may be adopted. The cross H-24 x PB exhibited highest yield heterosis (59.71%) in F1 coupled with high inbreeding depression (51.69%) in F2 due to non-additive gene action, so this cross can he utilized in heterosis breeding for development of high yielding hybrid.
An experimental investigation of claimed self-handicapping strategies across motivational climates based on achievement goal and self-determination theories

Abstract The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate whether the motivational climates (MCs) drawn from achievement goal and self-determination theories would affect perceived competence and the use of claimed self-handicapping. Specifically, this study examined the effects of performance MC, mastery MC and need-supportive MC on these two variables. In the context of high school physical education, 37 participants had the opportunity to claim handicaps before performing an isometric resistance task in a given MC. This procedure was repeated three times at one-week intervals so that all participants were assigned to each of the three MCs. Consistent with our hypotheses, students claimed handicaps less in the need-supportive than in the performance MC. In addition, when data from girls and boys were separated, girls reported significantly greater perceived competence in the need-supportive MC than in the performance and mastery MCs. The theoretical and applied implications of these finding are discussed.
Genomic analysis of cardiac surgery-associated Mycobacterium chimaera infections in Italy

One hundred and twenty-two Mycobacterium chimaera strains isolated in Italy from cardiac surgery-related patients, cardiac surgery-unrelated patients and from heater-cooler units, were submitted to whole-genome sequencing and to subsequent SNP analysis. All but one strains isolated from cardiac surgery-related patients belonged to Subgroup 1.1 (19/23) or Subgroup 1.8 (3/23). Only 28 out of 79 strains isolated from heater-cooler units belonged to groupings other than 1.1 and 1.8. The strains isolated from cardiac surgery-unrelated patients were instead distributed across the phylogenetic tree. Our data, the first on isolates from Italy, are in agreement with a recent large genomic study suggesting a common source, represented by strains belonging to Subgroups 1.1 and 1.8, of cardiac surgery-related Mycobacterium chimaera infections. The strains belonging to groupings other than 1.1 and 1.8 isolated from heather-cooler units evidently resulted from contaminations at hospital level and had no share in the Mycobacterium chimaera outbreak. One Mycobacterium chimaera strain investigated in this study proved distant from every previously known Mycobacterium chimaera Groups (1, 2, 3 and 4) and we propose to assign to a novel group, named “Group 5”.
Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Determination of Antimicrobial Activity in Dadih from Air Dingin Alahan Panjang District, Solok Regency-West Sumatera

Traditional Indonesian fermented foods have been studied as potential probiotics, for example dadiah from West Sumatera are made by fermenting buffalo milk in bamboo tubes. But the potential of halal probiotics isolated from Air Dingin District, West Sumatra (Indonesia) has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of halal probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus plantarum strain 8m-21 isolation from dadiah in Air Dingin Alahan Panjang District, Solok Regency West Sumatera (Indonesia) against to pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial activity. Previously lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum had been isolationand molecular identification used I6S rRNA with Forward (27F AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTGAG) and Reverse primer (1492R; GTTTACCTTACGACTT). In this study we analyzed the probiotics have antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli O157. The results showed that Lactobacillus plantarum strain 8m-21 from Air Dingin dadiah isolates have probiotic properties because they have antimicrobial properties which able to inhibit Escherichia coli, aerob (pathogenic) bacteria and have highest antimicrobial with 20.25 mm inhibition than other sintetic antibiotics.