Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pneumothorax in patients with respiratory failure in ICU

Pneumothorax is not an uncommon occurrence in ICU patients. Barotrauma and iatrogenesis remain the most common causes for pneumothorax in critically ill patients. Patients with underlying lung disease are more prone to develop pneumothorax, especially if they require positive pressure ventilation. A timely diagnosis of pneumothorax is critical as it may evolve into tension physiology. Most occurrences of pneumothoraces are readily diagnosed with a chest X-ray. Tension pneumothorax is a medical emergency, and managed with immediate needle decompression followed by tube thoracostomy. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest remains the gold standard for diagnosis; however, getting a CT scan of the chest in a critically ill patient can be challenging. The use of thoracic ultrasound has been emerging and is proven to be superior to chest X-ray in making a diagnosis. The possibility of occult pneumothorax in patients with thoracoabdominal blunt trauma should be kept in mind. Patients with pneumothorax in the ICU should be managed with a tube thoracostomy if they are symptomatic or on mechanical ventilation. The current guidelines recommend a small-bore chest tube as the first line management of pneumothorax. In patients with persistent air leak or whose lungs do not re-expand, a thoracic surgery consultation is recommended. In non-surgical candidates, bronchoscopic interventions or autologous blood patch are other options.
The fit between dignity self‐construal and independent university norms: Effects on university belonging, well‐being, and academic success

Universities struggle with students’ low well-being and high dropout rates. High (compared to low) fit between students’ self-construal and perceived university norms might help to prevent these problems. A strong dignity self-construal (i.e., the understanding that one's worth is independent of others) is adaptive if university norms stress independence. The more a university norm is perceived as stressing independence, the better the fit for students with a strong (vs. weak) dignity self-construal. Thus, if students with a strong dignity self-construal perceive a university norm as stressing independence, they should develop a greater sense of belonging to the university and, in turn, experience higher well-being, more motivation, and lower dropout intention. A longitudinal study with two measurement points conducted with students from 18 universities ( N = 719) provided support for these predictions. This underlines the relevance of the fit between student and (perceived) school characteristics for the higher education sector.
Determinants of perceived stress in health professional students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: There is not enough information in the literature about perceived stress among health professional students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the level of perceived stress and its determinants in Turkish undergraduate health professional students during the pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional, online survey study included 402 undergraduate health professional students. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Contentment with Life Assessment Scale, and the Ways of Coping Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Student's t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation coefficients, and linear regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The PSS mean score of the students was 32.95 +/- 7.34, and 98.2% reported moderate-to-high levels of stress. The significant determinants of stress were younger age (unstandardized beta = -0.23, p = 0.035), poor self-rated health (unstandardized beta = 1.60, p = 0.005), the presence of sleep problems (unstandardized beta = 1.22, p = 0.021), the history of direct contact with suspected COVID-19 patients or infected materials (unstandardized beta = 5.82, p &lt; 0.001), following the news about the pandemic closely (unstandardized beta = 0.60, p = 0.041), lower life satisfaction (unstandardized beta = -0.32, p &lt; 0.001), and lower use of optimistic coping (unstandardized beta = -3.24, p &lt; 0.001) but greater use of helpless coping (unstandardized beta = 3.31, p &lt; 0.001). The regression model explained 57.6% of the variance in perceived stress. Conclusions: The level of perceived stress was relatively high among health professional students. This study highlighted the need for psychological support to reduce the level of perceived stress in this population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Relations between Teaching Strategies, Students’ Engagement in Learning, and Teachers’ Self-Concept

Good teaching strategies may not only engage students in learning but may also promote teachers’ self-concept about teaching. The present study empirically investigated the contributions of four popular teaching strategies, namely, feedback, scaffolding, active learning, and collaborating, to students’ engagement in learning and teachers’ self-concept in teaching. The study adopted a quantitative design, which surveyed 208 Australian primary school teachers by using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. The structure of the questionnaire was first explored by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and then through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in order to provide an account for validity. The results of correlations showed that all the four teaching strategies were positively associated with both students’ engagement and teachers’ self-concept. The results of the structural equation modelling found that the strength of these relations varied. While feedback, scaffolding, and active learning strategies all positively contributed to teachers’ self-concept, collaborating neither significantly predicted students’ engagement nor teachers’ self-concept. Only scaffolding had a positive path to students’ engagement, implying that scaffolding may be the best strategy among the four teaching strategies to engage primary students. The study suggested to teachers that they need to consider the age of learners when implementing teaching strategies.
A Multidimensional Bayesian Methodology for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Health Monitoring of Electrohydraulic Servo Valves

One of the main concerns associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and health management (DPHM) of engineering systems is the accuracy of estimates that are derived from Bayesian tracking methods. Estimating the exiting degradation based on stochastic models and evaluating the remaining useful life (RUL) of the system is inherently associated with variances that characterize the inaccuracy of estimation techniques. Furthermore, there are scenarios where a single measurement does not necessarily generate sufficient information regarding the system states, leading one to require multiple readings (and, hence, multidimensional analysis) to deduce diagnostic and/or prognostic decisions. This article introduces a novel approach for solving complex nonlinear multivariable Bayesian models that are utilized for estimation and prediction problems that would be, otherwise, challenging or impractical to solve through available methods, such as particle filters (PFs). Theoretical derivation and strategies that are developed in this article are verified through numerical case study simulations for electrohydraulic servo valves (EHSVs) that constitute a core component of many hydraulic actuators, such as multifunctional spoilers (MFSs), which are widely utilized in aircraft flight control systems. Our developed results are compared with those that are derived through PF in order to illustrate and demonstrate the advantages, benefits, and improvements that are accomplished by applying our proposed methodologies.
Toxicity and biodegradation of chlorophenols in anaerobic propionate enrichment culture

The fate of four trichlorophenols (TCP), six dichlorophenols (DCP), and three monochlorophenols (CP), were studied in anaerobic propionate enrichment systems. TCPs were more toxic than DCPs and CPs; 2,4,5‐TCP was most toxic to the propionate users among the 13 chlorophenols studied in this research. Most chlorophenols were dechlorinated reductively to less chlorinated compounds and/or phenol. Dechlorination at the ortho position was observed most frequently. The overall removal of the selected chlorophenols by anaerobic propionate enrichment systems were in the following order: 2,3,5‐TCP > 2,3,6‐TCP > 3,5‐DCP > 2,4‐DCP > 2‐CP > 3,4‐DCP; 2,3‐DCP; 2,5‐DCP > 3‐CP > 2,4,5‐TCP > 2,6‐DCP > 2,4,6‐TCP > 4‐CP.
The Role of Self-Efficacy and Innovative Work Behaviour in Civil Servants’ Work Performance: A Conceptual Paper

This study contributes to the literature on work performance of civil servants by examining the relationship between self-efficacy, work innovative behaviour and its impact on work performance. Social Cognitive Theory was used to as the underpinning theory and a set of hypotheses was formed to test the relationship between self-efficacy and work performance, with work innovative behaviour as a mediator. Research articles, reports and dissertations related to self-efficacy, innovative work behaviour, work performance were reviewed to develop the conceptual model. This study is important in presenting a better insight into how human factors affect work performance as only handful studies have examined the mediating role of innovative work behaviour on the relationship between self-efficacy and work performance within civil servant context.
Investigation of the efficiency of an interconnected convolutional neural network by classifying medical images

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for medical image classification has produced satisfying work [11, 12, 15]. Several pretrained models such as VGG19 [17], InceptionV3 [18], and MobileNet [8] are architectures that can be relied on to design high accuracy classification models. This work investigates the performance of three pretrained models with two methods of training. The first method trains the model independently, meaning that each model is given an input and trained separately, then the best results are determined by majority voting. In the second method the three pretrained models are trained simultaneously as interconnected models. The interconnected model adopts an ensemble architecture as is shown in [7]. By training multiple CNNs, this work gives optimum results compared to a single CNN. The difference is that the three subnetworks are trained simultaneously in an interconnected network and showing one expected result.
Financing Management: An Alternative for Increasing The Profitability of Islamic Bank

The purpose of this study was to analyze the financing management carried out by Islamic banks to increase the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Data were taken from the monthly financial statements of Islamic banks of 2009-2014 period and was analyzed with simultaneous equation regression. The results of this study suggested that in model 1, equity financing positively and significantly affects the non-performing finance, Debt financing positively and not significantly affects the non-performing finance. While in model 2, non-performing finance negatively and significantly affects the profit expense ratio. Non-finance income positively and not significantly affects the profit expense ratio. Thus, the company’s performance reflected in the profit expense ratio, which is used to assess cost efficiency performed by Islamic banks for profit achievement is largely determined by the financing management of the bank. Cost efficiency will be achieved if Islamic bank can overcome bad financing, both in the form of debt financing and equity financing.
Aromas from Quebec. IV. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Ledum groenlandicum: A review

Limonene and -selinene are the most important compounds of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Ledum groenlandicum. However there are important variations either in the composition or in the relative percentages between the twelve analyzed commercial samples. Uncommon or rare compounds such as hydroperoxides and p-mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl esters are observed in one and two samples, respectively. Germacrone, a reputed compound of this oil, is not ever present in the samples. Germacrone epoxides observed in a sample containing almost 30% of germacrone could be the results of an oxidation process. Short comparison with the composition of the Ledumpalustre oil is made. In both cases, equally large variation in compositionis observed.
Quality of Life Based on Autologous Serum Skin Test Result in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Patients

Several studies regarding the quality of life of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients based on Autologous Serum Skin Test (ASST) results have shown a variety of results. This study aims to determine the correlation between the quality of life and ASST results in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients at Dermatology and Venereology (DV) Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. This analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design used secondary data in the form of medical records. 76 samples met the inclusion criteria from 110 samples of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients at DV outpatient clinic. The distribution of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients was highest in the 17-25 year age group (23.7%) and the female group (64.5%). The majority of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients had negative ASST results (52.6%). The effect of chronic spontaneous urticaria on the decline in quality of life was mostly moderate (35.5%). The bivariate analysis between DLQI score and ASST results with a value of p = 0.307 or p> 0.05 showed no significant correlation between the quality of life and ASST results.
Projecting regions of North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis, habitat suitability in the Gulf of Maine for the year 2050

North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) are critically endangered, and recent changes in distribution patterns have been a major management challenge. Understanding the role that environmental conditions play in habitat suitability helps to determine the regions in need of monitoring or protection for conservation of the species, particularly as climate change shifts suitable habitat. This study used three species distribution modeling algorithms, together with historical whale abundance data (1993–2009) and environmental covariate data, to build monthly ensemble models of past E. glacialis habitat suitability in the Gulf of Maine. The model was projected onto the year 2050 for a range of climate scenarios. Specifically, the distribution of the species was modeled using generalized additive models, boosted regression trees, and artificial neural networks, with environmental covariates that included sea surface temperature, bottom water temperature, bathymetry, a modeled Calanus finmarchicus habitat index, and chlorophyll. Year-2050 projections used downscaled climate anomaly fields from Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5. The relative contribution of each covariate changed seasonally, with an increase in the importance of bottom temperature and C. finmarchicus in the summer, when model performance was highest. A negative correlation was observed between model performance and sea surface temperature contribution. The 2050 projections indicated decreased habitat suitability across the Gulf of Maine in the period from July through October, with the exception of narrow bands along the Scotian Shelf. The results suggest that regions outside of the current areas of conservation focus may become increasingly important habitats for E. glacialis under future climate scenarios.
Impact of Internet Dependence on the Life Meaning System of Personality

The article discusses theoretical approaches to the characteristics of an addicted person, investigates the factors of dependence on the internet, the causes of addiction and psychological characteristics of an addicted person. Based on the study and analysis of scientific literature, the designation of dependence on the internet as a behavioral disorder that has a destructive effect on many aspects of human life is substantiated. The new formation of student age is the problem of the meaning of life. In recent years, the relevance of studying the transformation of the value system of students has increased, which makes it possible to predict the social and cultural consequences of the objective process of informatization, covering all spheres of human life. The idea of the models for the implementation of the pathological use of the internet, the issues of the defense mechanisms of the personality, the system of values and worldviews that determine the meanings of a person, significantly expanded the framework of the description and definition of the studied phenomenon. The aim of the current work is to study the relationship between internet addiction and the system of life meanings among students. Materials and methods: analysis of scientific literature, questionnaires, testing, including author’s questionnaire supplemented by mat. statistical methods. In our study of the influence of internet technologies on internet addiction, on the value system of a student’s personality, we identified differences in groups and correlations between internet addiction, defense mechanisms, personal characteristics and value orientations of the personality.
Financial toxicity and the economic cost of breast cancer therapy

: Breast cancer. given its natural history, can be present for many years resulting in significant cost to insurers as well as patients with costs not covered by the patients’ insurance plans. Breast cancers tends to be diagnosed in the most productive times of a patient’s life disrupting both family life and employment. Because of the dependence on employment-based insurance coverage, financial toxicity has entered the lexicon of care of patients with breast cancer. Objective measures of toxicity include costs not borne by insurance companies while subjective measures of toxicity include the psychological stress of having to deal with having to deal managing a household budget and determining which bills to pay. Costs not covered by insurance companies such as child care and travel to and from treatment appointments can add to the psychological stress patient’s encounter. Insurance, income and insurance status all play a role in financial toxicity. Unfortunately, financial toxicity is not limited to only those countries without some form of universal health insurance coverage. Financial discussions will need to occur between patients and caregivers in the future as cost of care increases. A switch to a tax-funded universal healthcare system with a universal set of benefits may be needed to decrease the incidence of financial toxicity in women with breast cancer.
Colloidal Mn-Doped Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets

Strong quantum confinement in Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals enhances dopant–carrier exchange interactions. Here, we report the synthesis and optical properties of strongly quantum confined, quasi two-dimensional, Mn-doped CsPbCl3 nanoplatelets. A room-temperature synthesis was employed to prepare the platelets with thickness 2.2 nm (4 monolayers), which is significantly smaller than the Bohr excitonic diameter of CsPbCl3 (5 nm). Efficient transfer of excitonic energy from the host to the Mn2+ dopant ions leads to a spin-forbidden 4T1–6A1 Mn d-electron emission with the highest quantum yield of ∼20% and exhibits a long lifetime of 1.6 ms. Subsequent anion exchange reactions at room temperature lead to the formation of Mn-doped CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets, with weak Mn emission. These newly developed Mn-doped cesium lead halide nanoplatelets are suitable candidates for exploring the effects of quantum confinement on dopant–carrier exchange interaction and exhibiting interesting magneto-optic properties.
The Influence of Explicit Teaching and Utilization of Concept-mapping on EFL Students’ Listening and Self-efficacy

Listening is one of the most important communicative skills and at the same time the Achilles heel of many L2 learners as it entails multi-level cognitive processes (Lynch, 2002). Besides, the measures of self-efficacy, as Zimmerman and Martinez-Pons (1990) claim, are closely tied to effective use of learning strategies. Considering the key role that concept mapping, as an indispensable cognitive learning strategy, and self-efficacy play on an individual’s achievement (Bandura, 1997; Chularut & DeBacker, 2004), the present study aimed to examine the influence of explicit teaching and utilization of concept mapping on Iranian EFL students’ listening achievement and perceived self-efficacy. The participants were sixty upper-intermediate university students, studying English as a foreign language. They were randomly assigned into two groups: One control and one experimental group, each containing thirty participants. The students in the experimental group were taught and trained to utilize concept mapping while doing listening tasks, and the instruments were a self-efficacy questionnaire and a test of listening achievement. The findings showed that the experimental group performed better in the listening achievement test after learning to use concept mapping. Likewise, their perceived self-efficacy in accomplishing listening tasks improved after the intervention period.
Effect of phosphorus and sulphur applications on yield, quality nutrient contents in sugarcane

Investigations carried out at the farm of Sugarcane Research Institute, Shahjahanpur showed that application of 40-80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha and 75 kg S/ha individually increased plant growth, tonnage and sucrose content in sugarcane significantly. Interaction of phosphorus with sulphur was observed significant in case of cane tonnage only. Significantly the higher cane tonnage was observed under 40-80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha application in presence of 75 kg S/ha. The application of both phosphorus and sulphur increased the additional income over control, the maximum additional income being Rs. 4847.22 by the application of 75 kg S/ha.
Performance aside… the organizational and director level determinants of boards’ compensation

Relying on a cross-country panel database, the paper explores the non-performance-related factors affecting the remuneration of supervisory boards. The author demonstrated that entrenched boards benefiting from statutory limitations on director removal and limited director liability receive a higher compensation. In contrast to previous studies, it was shown that the CEO’s power over the board positively contributes to the directors’ remuneration suggesting that the lack of checks on executives may undermine the board’s ability to monitor the management. Overall, a higher workload, board diligence, independence, expertise and experience are shown to increase directors’ remuneration. However, the rewards for advanced tenure and supermajority-backed independence vanish in the tails of distributions of the respective variables. Those boards with the majority of directors possessing board-specific skills are seen to receive lower compensation possibly due to the higher substitutability of board members. Generally, the study proved that there is a certain saturation point when it comes to board independence, skills, and tenure. The use of executive retention and compensation-enhancing tools are seen to increase board compensation while simultaneously contributing to the widening in-house wage disparities.