Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: On the difference of aerosol hygroscopicity between high and low RH conditions in the North China Plain

Atmospheric processes, including both primary emissions and secondary formation, may exert complex effects on aerosol hygroscopicity, which is of significant importance in understanding and quantifying the effect of aerosols on climate and human health. In order to explore the influence of local secondary formation processes on hygroscopicity, we investigated the hygroscopic properties of This was conducted by simultaneous measurements of aerosol hygroscopicity and chemical composition, using a self-assembled hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) and a capture-vaporizer time-of-flight aerosol chemical speciation monitor (CV-ToF-ACSM). The hygroscopicity results showed that the particles during the entire campaign were mainly externally mixed, with a more hygroscopic (MH) mode and a less hygroscopic (LH) mode. The mean hygroscopicity parameter values 35 ( κ mean ) derived from hygroscopicity measurements for particles at 60, 100, 150, and 200 nm were 0.16, 0.18, 0.16, and 0.15, respectively. During this study, we classified two distinct episodes with different RH/ T conditions, indicative of different primary emissions and secondary formation processes. It was observed that aerosols at all measured sizes were more hygroscopic under the high RH (HRH) episode than those under the low RH (LRH) episode. During the LRH, κ decreased with increasing particle size, 40 which may be explained by the enhanced domestic heating at low temperature, causing large emissions of non- or less-hygroscopic primary aerosols. This is particularly obvious for 200 nm particles, with a dominant number fraction (> 50 %) of LH mode particles. Using O : C-dependent hygroscopic parameters of secondary organic compounds ( κ SOA ), closure analysis between the HTDMA measured κ and the ACSM derived κ was carried out. The results showed that κ SOA under the LRH episode was less 45 sensitive to the changes in organic oxidation level, while κ SOA under the HRH had a relatively stronger dependency on the organic O : C. This feature suggests that the different sources and aerosol evolution processes, partly resulting from the variation in atmospheric RH/ T conditions, may lead to significant changes in aerosol chemical composition, which will further influence their corresponding physical properties. O : C-dependency. Based on these findings, we concluded that intricate atmospheric processes/emission sources could exert significant influence on the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols, leading to synthetic variation of aerosol hygroscopicity. The variability of aerosol hygroscopicity, on the other 585 hand, may in turn benefit our understanding of the formation and evolution of complex atmospheric processes.
Sensing metabolomics landscape unfold molecular connectivity between mental illness and drug abuse

Environmental threats to mental equity have recently gained much attention in the sphere of public and curative health due to their toll on the individual, families, the public, and their economic sphere. Mental health or soundness of mind is important at every stage of life from childhood and adolescence through adulthood to protect the brain from environmental stress. What makes mental health unlike genetic rare disorders is that there is no known single cause for this rising public health issue because it arises from multiple factors. These factors include early adverse life experiences, such as trauma or a history of abuse either because of child abuse, sexual assault or seeing any form of violence, experiences related to other ongoing (chronic) medical conditions, such as cancer or diabetes, biological factors or chemical exposure resulting in hormonal imbalances in the brain, and to a large extent having feelings of loneliness or isolation leading to suicidal action. Furthermore, the increase in mental health and its accompanying conditions depend on environmental with or without behavioral changes due to genetic stability may be associated with drug, alcohol, or substance abuse which is associated with the brain reward circuit which may need to compromise the neural circuit over a wide range of stressors on the human body interacting with the sequential neuronal cell cascade. Although humoral networking is associated with socio-behavioral change, work through family, religious, organizational engagement, and community support play major roles in its solution and management, it is consensually accepted that defining key determinants underlying molecular network altering by epigenetic and genetic factors have promise in empowering future systematic health and personal care including surveillance, prevention, treatment, and monitoring process. In the modern global and urbanization era, emerging new biomedical technological advances such as epigenetic tools, genomics editing, human genomics study utilizing sequencing technology, and reverse genetic resources from worm to animal models have enabled us to take a closer look at mechanisms that could be involved in mental illness and drug abuse or addiction using a pattern of metabolomics and its connectivity reflecting the interplay between mental illness and drug abuse and/or addiction. This paper describes a molecular-driven surveillance platform as a part of the power of prevention to care of populational health which could be beneficial by predicting risk and unfolding the impact of daily lifestyle on human behavior such as food intake, alcohol intoxication, and its outcome likely the effect of metabolism on mental illness and drug abuse. Interaction between environmental cues to neural circuits which may interplay with metabolic networks as well as potential risk resulting in various forms of phenotypic complications and behavioral alteration might be detectable using multi-omics platforms.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT

WORDS) This research investigates the relationship between personality traits and organisational commitment in the hotel industry. The research focused on a sample of ten centrally located 4/5 star hotels having 80+ rooms in Perth, Western Australia. The study utilised the big-five personality factor markers from Goldberg’s (1999) International Personality Item Pool and Meyer and Allen’s (1997) revised Affective Commitment and Continuous Commitment Scales. The respondents (N=99) were from all employee levels across the hotels. The study found that strong positive correlations exist between the personality dimensions of agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stability and the affective commitment dimension of organisational commitment. Positive correlations also exist between conscientiousness and emotional stability on one hand, and continuance commitment on the other hand.
Comparative review of existing building performance assessment systems: appropriateness for the context of emerging/developing countries

Emerging/developing countries have begun to realize that the implementation of building performance assessment systems (BPASs) have the potential to contribute towards achieving a sustainable built environment. Consequently, some BPASs from developed countries have been adopted or customized to be implemented in emerging/developing countries, including Malaysia. The objectives of this paper are to: 1) analyse the effectiveness of existing BPASs in assessing building sustainability in emerging/developing countries; and 2) investigate their appropriateness in addressing the Malaysian context. The paper comparatively reviews and critiques nine BPASs in terms of their characteristics and limitations by analysing the content of the systems’ documentation as well as reviewing other documents related to the systems. Overall, the study finds that most existing BPASs are inadequate in addressing the complex concept of sustainability as well as many of the non-environmental priorities of emerging/developing countries, particularly Malaysia. In fact, priority issues of BPASs from emerging/developing nations reviewed in this paper still reflect those of developed countries. This paper concludes by recommending the specific requirements for developing the Malaysian office building sustainability assessment framework. These findings provide an appropriate basis for other emerging/developing countries to establish a country-specific building sustainability assessment framework that takes relevant priorities into account.
Genetic Analysis on Yield and Yield Components Traits in the Segregating Populations of Blackgram[ Vigna mungo (L.)

The magnitude of variability and association among various traits in F 2 populations of three crosses viz., MDU 1 x TU68, VBN6 x TU68, and VBN8 x TU68 of blackgram were studied. The experiment was conducted at the National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, during Rabi 2019. The genotypic coefficient of variability was lower than the values of phenotypic coefficient of variability, which revealed the influence of the environment in deciding the expression of these populations.The traits viz. , plant height, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, and seed yield per plant has recorded high heritability and high genetic advance as per cent of mean for the majority of the crosses. It indicated that these traits were less influenced by the environment and possessed with high magnitude of genetic variability. Association studies revealed that the traits viz . , number of clusters per plant, and number of pods per plant in all the three crosses recorded significant and positive association with seed yield per plant. Hence, based on the present investigation, it can be concluded that the number of clusters per plant and number of pods per plant should be given due importance in framing the selection indices for seed yield improvement in blackgram. However, separate selection indices are required for each population as the association of traits differs among populations.
Evoked response variability across alpha oscillatory sources to visual flicker stimulation: An investigation in humans using electrophysiological and blood-oxygenation recordings

Flickering light stimulation produces steady-state visually evoked potentials (‘SSVEPs’), measurable via electroencephalography (‘EEG’) recordings, but the underpinning mechanism of SSVEPs remains disputed. The entrainment model suggests a phase-alignment of intrinsic oscillators to the flicker, whereas the superposition model postulates that the flicker-evoked response is overlaid on top of the independent intrinsic oscillatory activity. Intrinsic alpha variability has been reported across distinct spatial sources, which poses the question of multiple SSVEP generating mechanisms at the source level. This question was approached in three experiments: Experiments 1 and 2 dissociated occipitoparietal intrinsic alpha sources based on evoked responses to 1) rhythmic flicker in the alpha frequency range (6-12Hz) as a function of distance from the individual alpha frequency (‘IAF’: the peak frequency in the alpha range during eyes closed rest) and 2) rhythmic versus arrhythmic IAF flicker (with a jittered cycle length of +/-25%). In both experiments, permutation tests revealed significant variability in evoked responses across sources, supporting the idea of multiple SSVEP mechanisms at the source level. In Experiment 3, functional MRI recordings of blood-oxygenation level dependent (‘BOLD’) signal change from rhythmic IAF to arrhythmic IAF was utilised to infer specific underpinning mechanisms of the evoked responses at sources identified in Experiment 2, as a measure sensitive to intrinsic alpha amplitude changes. A linear mixed model showed no predictive relationship of the BOLD signal change on the evoked responses. Our findings support the idea of multiple SSVEP mechanisms. A simultaneous EEG-fMRI design would be well-suited for future studies aimed at investigating the exact mechanisms underlying the reported SSVEP variability across sources.
Autophagy Signaling by Neural-Induced Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium during Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells

Rotenone (ROT) inhibits mitochondrial complex I, leading to reactive oxygen species formation, which causes neurodegeneration and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation and, consequently, Parkinson’s disease. We previously found that a neurogenic differentiated human adipose tissue-derived stem cell-conditioned medium (NI-hADSC-CM) was protective against ROT-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. In the present study, ROT significantly decreased the phospho (p)-mTORC1/total (t)-mTOR, p-mTORC2/t-mTOR, and p-/t-ULK1 ratios and the ATG13 level by increasing the DEPTOR level and p-/t-AMPK ratio. Moreover, ROT increased the p-/t-Akt ratio and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) activity by decreasing the p-/t-ERK1/2 ratios and beclin-1 level. ROT also promoted the lipidation of LC3B-I to LC3B-II by inducing autophagosome formation in Triton X-100-soluble and -insoluble cell lysate fractions. Additionally, the levels of ATG3, 5, 7, and 12 were decreased, along with those of lysosomal LAMP1, LAMP2, and TFEB, leading to lysosomal dysfunction. However, NI-hADSC-CM treatment increased the p-mTORC1, p-mTORC2, p-ULK1, p-Akt, p-ERK1/2, ATG13, and beclin-1 levels and decreased the p-AMPK level and GSK3β activity in response to ROT-induced toxicity. Additionally, NI-hADSC-CM restored the LC3B-I level, increased the p62 level, and normalized the ATG and lysosomal protein amounts to control levels. Autophagy array revealed that the secreted proteins in NI-hADSC-CM could be crucial in the neuroprotection. Taken together, our results showed that the neuroprotective effects of NI-hADSC-CM on the autophagy signaling pathways could alleviate the aggregation of α-syn in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
The freeze desalination of mine waters

Consideration is given to the technical and economic feasibility of freeze desalination as a technique for the simultaneous provision 01 ice to cool deep mines and for the desalination of mine water. Freeze desalination has not been developed fully or commercially. For sea-water applications, it may not offer significant advantages over other methods of desalination but, for the unique mining application, a single dualpurpose plant that produces desalinated ice could offer significant cost savings over combinations of separate desalinators and ice-makers. The current status of freeze desalination is reviewed, and the important aspects relating to mines are discussed. Some freezing processes that could be suitably modilied are descriptionbed. The possible use of conventional ice-making machines for desalinating mine water is also discussed.
SECOND LANGUAGE SPEAKING ANXIETY AMONG TESL UNDERGRADUATES IN A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY

English became the second language of Malaysia after independence. Thereby, fluency in speaking English has become essential, particularly for undergraduates studying Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL), as English is their medium of instruction. However, despite learning the language for several years, undergraduates experience anxiety when speaking English. Due to that reason, this study aims to examine the level of anxiety in speaking English as a second language and the causes of speaking anxiety in the English language among TESL undergraduates in a private university. This study uses the quantitative method to collect the data. The quantitative data was gathered through a questionnaire named (ELCAS) English Language Classroom Anxiety Scale with 23 items which were adopted and adapted from (FLCAS) Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale. The data were examined using descriptive statistics in Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). This research included 100 TESL undergraduates from a private university. The results revealed that a significant number of undergraduates had high-level anxiety in speaking English. The findings also discovered that the main cause of speaking anxiety is a lack of confidence among the TESL undergraduates. The undergraduates should learn how to overcome speaking anxiety by practicing speaking independently and not feeling inferior about themselves.
Artificial intelligence can improve how chest images are used in care of COVID-19 patients

Although CT chest imaging is not currently a routine method for diagnosing COVID-19 in patients, it has been helpful in excluding other possible causes for COVID-like symptoms, confirming a diagnosis made by another means or providing critical data for monitoring a patient's progress in severe cases of the disease. The Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers believe this isn't enough, making the case that there is "an untapped potential" for AI-enhanced imaging to improve. They suggest the technology can be used for:
HISTORIC BEHAVIOR FOR FLOWS WITH THE GLUING ORBIT PROPERTY

We consider the set of points with historic behavior (which is also called the irregular set) for continuous flows and suspension flows. In this paper under the hypothesis that (Xt)t is a continuous flow on a d-dimensional Riemaniann closed manifold M (d ≥ 2) with gluing orbit property, we prove that the set of points with historic behavior in a compact and invariant subset ∆ of M is either empty or is a Baire residual subset on ∆. We also prove that the set of points with historic behavior of a suspension flows over a homeomorphism satisfyng the gluing orbit property is either empty or Baire residual and carries full topological entropy.
on the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak at 24

37 Background: A novel coronavirus named as “SARS-CoV-2” has spread widely in many countries since 38 December 2019, especially in China. This study aimed to quantify the age-specific transmissibility by 39 using a mathematical model. 40 Methods: An age-specific susceptible – exposed – symptomatic – asymptomatic – recovered – 41 seafood market (SEIARW) model was developed based on two suspected transmission routes (from 42 market to person and person to person). The susceptible people from Wuhan City were divided into 43 different age groups. We used the subscript i and j to represent age group 1 to 4 ( i ≠ j ; 1: ≤ 14 years; 2: 44 15-44 years; 3: 45-64 years; 4: ≥ 65 years) and 1 to 5 ( i ≠ j ; 1: ≤ 5 years; 2: 6-14 years; 3: 15-24 years; 4: 45 25-59 years; 4: ≥ 60 years), respectively. Data of reported COVID-19 cases were collected from one 46 published literature from 26 November to 22 December, 2019 in Wuhan City, China. The age-specific 47 transmissibility of the virus was estimated accordingly secondary attack rate ( SAR ). 48 Results: The age-specific SEIARW model fitted with the reported data well by dividing the population 49 into four age groups ( χ 2 = 4.99  10 -6 , P > 0.999), and five age groups ( χ 2 = 4.85  10 -6 , P > 0.999). 50 Based on the four-age-group SEIARW model, the highest transmissibility occurred from age group 2 to 51 3 ( SAR 23 = 17.56 per 10 million persons), followed by from age group 3 to 2 ( SAR 32 = 10.17 per 10 52 million persons). The lowest transmissibility occurred from age group 1 to 2 ( SAR 12 = 0.002 per 10 53 million persons). Based on the five-age-group SEIARW model, the highest transmissibility occurred 54 from age group 4 to 5 ( SAR 45 = 12.40 per 10 million persons), followed by from age group 5 to 4 ( SAR 54 55 = 6.61 per 10 million persons). The lowest transmissibility occurred from age group 3 to 4 ( SAR 34 = 56 0.0002 per 10 million persons). 57 Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 has high transmissibility among adults and elder people but low 58 transmissibility among children and young
A 50 channel optically pumped magnetometer MEG in an externally actively shielded two-layer room

Dynamic variations and slow field drifts exceeding 1 nT can be a challenge for optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) used for magnetoencephalography in existing three layer magnetically shielded rooms. These drifts can drive the sensors into non-linearity or worse, saturate the sensors. Here we describe that a triple axis active shielding coil system enclosing the outside surfaces of the room is sufficient to allow OPM operation in the linear regime. Auditory evoked fields for two types of sensor placement show the typical bi-hemispheric activation and the dipolar field map on a single hemisphere. Since the OPMs measure two orthogonal components of the field the sensors can be oriented to measure the quasi-radial and a tangential component of the brain activation at the same time. Results show qualitatively the theoretically expected field patterns.
Phytochemical composition and toxicity study of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Vernonia colorata (Willd.) Drake in Wistar rats

The aim of the work is to study phytochemical composition and acute and subacute toxicities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vernonia colorata (AEVC). The acute toxicity study was performed by administering a single oral dose of AEVC of 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw) to female Wistar rats. For toxicity study, the treatments were administered orally for 28 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mg/kg bw). The test groups received doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw respectively and the satellite groups received distilled water (satellite control) and extract at the maximum dose of 1000 mg/kg bw (satellite). Acute toxicity assessment showed that the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg bw. The study of the biochemical parameters showed a very significant decrease (p ˂ 0.01) in ALAT at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw, thus reflecting the extract hepatoprotective effect. The results also showed an arise of phosphatemia (p ˂ 0.01) at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw. For the hematological parameters, the red blood cell count increased significantly (p ˂ 0.05) at the dose of 100 and 500 mg/kg bw and very significantly (p ˂ 0.01) at the dose of 1000 mg/kg bw. On the other hand, a highly significant (p ˂ 0.001) decrease in platelets was observed. From these results, we conclude that in therapy, the use of Vernonia colorata extract in the medium term would not present a risk of toxicit.
Serological Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Coxiella burnetti Infection in Women of Punjab Province, Pakistan

Background: Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of Q (query) fever, provokes abortions in ruminants and is suspected to cause adverse pregnancy outcomes in women. Infection of pregnant women is linked with high mortality and morbidity of the fetus and the mother is at high risk to acquire chronic Q fever. This research was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Q fever in women and to detect associated risk factors in four districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. Methods: A total of 297 blood samples were obtained from 147 pregnant and 150 non-pregnant women of the districts Okara, Jhang, Chiniot and Faisalabad of Punjab, Pakistan. Data related to risk factors and demographic parameters were collected using a questionnaire. Serum samples were screened for phase I and phase II specific IgG antibodies for antigens of phase I and phase II using ELISA tests. Univariate and binary regression were used to analyze important risk factors of Q fever. Results: Twenty-five serum samples (8.4%) were found seropositive for Q fever. Seventeen women were positive for Phase-I and twenty-one were positive for phase-II antibodies. Highest and statistically significant (p < 0.05) seroprevalence of 17.1% was observed in Faisalabad. Age, urbanicity, living status, pregnancy status, abortion history, occupation, and consumption of tap water were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with Q fever, while being aged, urbanity, low income, contact with animals and consumption of tap water was identified as potential risk factors. Conclusions: Q fever is prevalent in women of Pakistan. There is a need for an awareness program about the importance of C. burnetii infections and prevention strategies in women during pregnancy to minimize adverse pregnancy outcomes.