Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender role attitudes and work–family conflict: A multiple mediating model including moderated mediation analysis

With the fierce labor market competition, the family population’s size continues to expand, and the conflict between work and family requirements for individual roles becomes increasingly intense. Most studies focus on work–family conflict as an antecedent variable, and few studies use work–family conflict as an outcome variable. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of the relationship between gender role attitudes and work–family conflict. Two models were tested using conditional process analysis for testing direct and indirect effects on a sample of 324 employees: A serial multiple mediation model, and the multiple mediation model including the moderating role of education level and subjective socioeconomic status. The results suggested that (1) gender role attitudes significantly and positively predicted work–family conflict. (2) Parental sacrifice and subjective well-being played multiple mediating roles between gender role attitudes and work–family conflict. (3) Education level moderated the relationship between gender role attitudes and parental sacrifice, as evidenced by the fact that low education level amplified the positive predictive effect of gender role attitudes on parental sacrifice. (4) Subjective socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between gender role attitudes and subjective well-being, suggesting that high subjective socioeconomic status amplified the negative predictive effect of gender role attitudes on subjective well-being. This work contributes to the understanding of the process underlying the relationship between gender role attitudes and work–family conflict, and to the literature reporting the possible moderated role of education level and subjective socioeconomic status on the influence outcomes of gender role attitudes. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Geometry of scale-to-scale energy and enstrophy transport in two-dimensional flow

Using filter-space techniques, we analyze the transport of energy and enstrophy between scales in an experimental quasi-two-dimensional weakly turbulent flow. By decomposing the scale-to-scale energy and enstrophy fluxes into three components that consist of distinct types of triad interactions, we find that different triads are responsible for forward and inverse flux. To understand this behavior, we analyze the geometric alignment between the turbulent stresses that drive scale-to-scale transfer and the large-scale velocity and vorticity gradients, and show that different triad interactions have distinct alignment signatures. Our results shed light on the role played by geometric alignment in the net behavior of triad interactions in turbulence.
Heritability of the glycan clock of biological age

Immunoglobulin G is posttranslationally modified by the addition of complex N-glycans affecting its function and mediating inflammation at multiple levels. IgG glycome composition changes with age and health in a predictive pattern, presumably due to inflammaging. As a result, a novel biological aging biomarker, glycan clock of age, was developed. Glycan clock of age is the first of biological aging clocks for which multiple studies showed a possibility of clock reversal even with simple lifestyle interventions. However, none of the previous studies determined to which extent the glycan clock can be turned, and how much is fixed by genetic predisposition. To determine the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to phenotypic variation of the glycan clock, we performed heritability analysis on two TwinsUK female cohorts. IgG glycans from monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were analyzed by UHPLC and glycan age was calculated using the glycan clock. In order to determine additive genetic, shared, and unique environmental contributions, a classical twin design was applied. Heritability of the glycan clock was calculated for participants of one cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort with three time points to assess the reliability of measurements. Heritability estimate for the glycan clock was 39% on average, suggesting a moderate contribution of additive genetic factors (A) to glycan clock variation. Remarkably, heritability estimates remained approximately the same in all time points of the longitudinal study, even though IgG glycome composition changed substantially. Most environmental contributions came from shared environmental factors (C), with unique environmental factors (E) having a minor role. Interestingly, heritability estimates nearly doubled, to an average of 71%, when we included age as a covariant. This intervention also inflated the estimates of unique environmental factors contributing to glycan clock variation. A complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors defines alternative IgG glycosylation during aging and, consequently, dictates the glycan clock’s ticking. Apparently, environmental factors (including lifestyle choices) have a strong impact on the biological age measured with the glycan clock, which additionally clarifies why this aging clock is one of the most potent biomarkers of biological aging.
Puerariae lobatae radix protects against UVB-induced skin aging via antagonism of REV-ERBα in mice

Puerariae lobatae radix (PLR) is a wildly used herbal medicine. Here we aimed to assess the PLR efficacy against UVB (ultraviolet-B)-induced skin aging and to determine the mechanisms thereof. We found a significant protective effect of PLR (topical application) on UVB-induced skin aging in mice, as evidenced by reduced skin wrinkles, epidermal thickness, and MDA (malondialdehyde) content as well as increased levels of HYP (hydroxyproline) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the skin. In the meantime, Mmp-1, p21 and p53 levels were decreased in the skin of PLR-treated mice. Anti-aging effects of PLR were also confirmed in L929 cells. Furthermore, PLR up-regulated skin expression of BMAL1, which is a known regulator of aging by promoting Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes. Consistently, Nrf2 and several genes (i.e., Prdx6, Sod1, and Sod2) encoding antioxidant enzymes in the skin were increased in PLR-treated mice. Moreover, based on Gal4 chimeric assay, Bmal1 reporter gene and expression assays, we identified PLR as an antagonist of REV-ERBα that can increase Bmal1 expression. Intriguingly, loss of Rev-erbα protected mice against UVB-induced skin aging and abrogated the protective effect of PLR. In conclusion, PLR acts as an antagonist of REV-ERBα and promotes the expression of BMAL1 to protect against skin aging in mice.
Italian version of the Occupational Depression Inventory: Validity, reliability, and associations with health, economic, and work-life characteristics

Background The Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI) reflects a new approach to job-related distress centered on work-attributed depressive symptoms. The instrument was developed with reference to the characterization of major depression found in the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. The ODI has been validated in English, French, and Spanish. This study (a) investigated the psychometric and structural properties of the ODI's Italian version and (b) inquired into the nomological network of occupational depression. Methods A convenience sample of 963 employed individuals was recruited in Italy (69.9% female; mean age = 40.433). We notably relied on exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis, common-practice confirmatory factor analysis, and Mokken scale analysis to examine our dataset. Results Our analyses indicated that the Italian version of the ODI meets the requirements for essential unidimensionality, thus justifying the use of the instrument's total score. The ODI's reliability was excellent. Measurement invariance held across sexes, age groups, and occupations. Occupational depression was negatively associated with general wellbeing and positively associated with a 12-month history of depressive disorder, current antidepressant intake, 12-month sick leave, 6-month physical assault at work, 6-month verbal abuse at work, lack of money for leisure activities, and financial strain in the household. Conclusions The ODI's Italian version exhibits robust psychometric and structural properties, suggesting that the instrument can be fruitfully used for addressing job-related distress in Italian-speaking populations. Furthermore, the present study relates occupational depression to important health, economic, and work-life characteristics, including past depressive episodes, antidepressant medication, sickness-related absenteeism, workplace violence, and economic stress.
Tumour microenvironment landscape and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer decoded by stromal MOXD1 based on copper-related genes signature

Introduction We aimed to develop a copper-related gene (CRG) signature that can be used to evaluate prognosis and guide therapeutic management in bladder cancer patients. Methods The raw transcriptome profiles and clinical data of 405 bladder samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and differentially expressed copper-related genes were identifified using the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) database and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. A multigene prognostic signature based on 14 CRGs was developed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO) analysis in the TCGA cohort and validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort. Multiple analyses were then conducted in which the nomograms, clinicopathological features, immune-related cell infifiltration characteristics, and therapy responses of the high- and low-risk score groups were compared. Results A 14 CRGs signature was constructed and used to classify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Compared to patients classifified as high-risk, low-risk patients in both the TCGA cohort and the GEO cohort had better overall survival. Patients in high-risk groups had more aggressive clinical features, immunologically “cold” infifiltrating characteristics, and experienced lower therapeutic effificacy. We identifified a CRG signature of bladder cancer and validated it using unsupervised clustering analysis. Monooxygenase DBH-like 1 (MOXD1) was further identifified, and its potential for evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment and predicting the immunotherapy response was explored. Discussion These results suggest a novel research direction for precision therapy of bladder cancer and demonstrate that copper-related genes can play a promising role in predicting prognosis and may serve as therapeutic targets for bladder cancer.
The role of calcium and CaMKII in sleep

Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved phenotype shared by most of the animals on the planet. Prolonged wakefulness will result in increased sleep need or sleep pressure. However, its mechanisms remain elusive. Recent findings indicate that Ca2+ signaling, known to control diverse physiological functions, also regulates sleep. This review intends to summarize research advances in Ca2+ and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in sleep regulation. Significant changes in sleep phenotype have been observed through calcium-related channels, receptors, and pumps. Mathematical modeling for neuronal firing patterns during NREM sleep suggests that these molecules compose a Ca2+-dependent hyperpolarization mechanism. The intracellular Ca2+ may then trigger sleep induction and maintenance through the activation of CaMKII, one of the sleep-promoting kinases. CaMKII and its multisite phosphorylation status may provide a link between transient calcium dynamics typically observed in neurons and sleep-wake dynamics observed on the long-time scale.
Age effects on cognitive functions and speech-in-noise processing: An event-related potential study with cochlear-implant users and normal-hearing listeners

A cochlear implant (CI) can partially restore hearing in individuals with profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, electrical hearing with a CI is limited and highly variable. The current study aimed to better understand the different factors contributing to this variability by examining how age affects cognitive functions and cortical speech processing in CI users. Electroencephalography (EEG) was applied while two groups of CI users (young and elderly; N = 13 each) and normal-hearing (NH) listeners (young and elderly; N = 13 each) performed an auditory sentence categorization task, including semantically correct and incorrect sentences presented either with or without background noise. Event-related potentials (ERPs) representing earlier, sensory-driven processes (N1-P2 complex to sentence onset) and later, cognitive-linguistic integration processes (N400 to semantically correct/incorrect sentence-final words) were compared between the different groups and speech conditions. The results revealed reduced amplitudes and prolonged latencies of auditory ERPs in CI users compared to NH listeners, both at earlier (N1, P2) and later processing stages (N400 effect). In addition to this hearing-group effect, CI users and NH listeners showed a comparable background-noise effect, as indicated by reduced hit rates and reduced (P2) and delayed (N1/P2) ERPs in conditions with background noise. Moreover, we observed an age effect in CI users and NH listeners, with young individuals showing improved specific cognitive functions (working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility and verbal learning/retrieval), reduced latencies (N1/P2), decreased N1 amplitudes and an increased N400 effect when compared to the elderly. In sum, our findings extend previous research by showing that the CI users’ speech processing is impaired not only at earlier (sensory) but also at later (semantic integration) processing stages, both in conditions with and without background noise. Using objective ERP measures, our study provides further evidence of strong age effects on cortical speech processing, which can be observed in both the NH listeners and the CI users. We conclude that elderly individuals require more effortful processing at sensory stages of speech processing, which however seems to be at the cost of the limited resources available for the later semantic integration processes.
Feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of edoxaban administration through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: 12-months follow up of the ORIGAMI study

Background and aims Edoxaban proved to be safe and effective also in fragile patients, but its administration through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has not been previously investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the preliminary safety and efficacy profiles of edoxaban administered via PEG in patients with an indication for long-term oral anticoagulation. Methods ORIGAMI was a prospective, single-arm, observational study (NCT04271293). Patients with PEG and an indication for long-term anticoagulation were prospectively enrolled. Crushed edoxaban at approved doses was administered via PEG. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardio-embolic events consisting of ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, or symptomatic deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE). Secondary endpoints were the number of bleeding events and edoxaban plasma concentrations at steady state. We here report the 12-month results. Results A total of 12 patients were enrolled. The main indication for PEG implantation was amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (10/12). The primary endpoint of cardio-embolic events did not occur in any patients at 12 months. All patients were in the therapeutic range of steady-state edoxaban plasma levels. Three minor bleedings were observed, while no major bleedings occurred during the observational period. A total of five patients died. All deaths were from non-cardiovascular causes and were consistent with the natural history of the pre-existing severe disease. Conclusion Our study suggests that edoxaban administration via PEG is feasible and appears safe and effective in fragile, comorbid patients, resulting in therapeutic plasma concentrations of edoxaban. Clinical trial registration [ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04271293].
Processing different types of iconicity in Chinese transferred epithet comprehension: An ERP study

Transferred epithet can be regarded as a reflection of semantic markedness since the modifier and the modified conflict with each other and lead to semantic deviation; yet the corresponding processing mechanism is less studied. The present study examined the neurocognitive mechanism of Chinese transferred epithet comprehension by employing ERP technique from the perspective of Iconicity of Markedness. Participants were required to read materials with different types of semantic markedness, namely unmarked linguistic expression (literal sentences) and marked linguistic expression (transferred epithets), and then judge whether the targets were words or pseudo-words. In terms of semantic markedness, the targets are words reflecting the unmarked semantic meaning of literal sentences and marked semantic meaning of transferred epithets respectively. The target words after transferred epithets elicited a larger N400 and a smaller LPC than those in literal sentences. These results suggest that processing sentences with marked and unmarked iconicity involve different neural mechanisms, with the former requiring more cognitive efforts to extract the similarity features.
Associations between adolescent students’ multiple domain task value-cost profiles and STEM aspirations

According to the modern expectancy-value theory, students’ task values may differ across domains, manifesting as varying motivational patterns. In middle school, students’ motivation becomes increasingly apparent and may direct their future occupational aspirations. Using a person-oriented approach, this study examines students’ self-concept, and positive and negative task values (i.e., utility value, intrinsic value, and emotional cost) across Finnish language, math, biology, and physics, and the stability of the identified profiles. Further, the associations of the profiles with students’ subsequent academic achievement and math and natural science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)/health science STEM aspirations, and gendered effects were examined. Longitudinal data was collected through Grades 7 to 9 in 21 middle schools in Helsinki, Finland (N = 1,309, N = 1,179, N = 818, respectively; age 13–15 years; 55.9% female). Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified four task value profiles in Grades 7 and 8: Low motivation high cost STEM (13%/13%) showed low task values with high cost, especially in math and physics; High motivation low cost STEM (7%/8%) showed the highest task values with the lowest cost, especially in math and physics; High motivation high cost (18%/17%) showed high task values and cost across domains; and Moderate motivation and cost (62%/62%) showed moderate task values and cost across domains. The latent transition analysis identified Moderate motivation and cost as the most stable profile across 2 years. In comparison to the other profiles, students with a Low motivation high cost STEM profile were less likely to have STEM aspirations in Grade 9. These results suggests that majority of middle school students are highly to moderately motivated in various domains, however, some students simultaneously experience high cost. It may reflect the increasingly difficult courses and study demands in middle school.
The social impact of cultivated and plant-based meats as radical innovations in the food chain: Views from Brazil, the United States and Europe

Cultivated and plant-based meats have been recognized as radical innovations that may revolutionize food production worldwide. Despite potentially being more sustainable than conventional meat, little is known about the consequences these innovations can bring to society. To help to clarify this topic, we studied the social impacts that cultivated and plant-based meats may bring to Brazil, the United States and Europe. Based on the perspective of 136 experts, our results are divided into market expectations, consumer access, consumer acceptance, impacts on farms, and business opportunities along the new chains. Experts generally predicted an optimistic picture of the social effects with several opportunities as alternative meats become available. However, the consequences for animal farmers seemed worrying in the experts' views. Overall, the opinion of Brazilian and American experts seemed more optimistic than that of Europeans. Our findings may be helpful for practitioners and people involved in rural policy interested in better guiding this transition process in the food production chain.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF TASK ENVIRONMENT AND FIRM’S MARKET POWER ON COMPETITIVE POSITION OF BRAZILIAN FIRMS

Purpose: The study aims to analyze the effects that task environment and firm’s market power exerts on Brazilian firm’s competitive position, during the period of 2012 to 2017, which encompasses the effects of the 2008 crisis. Design/methodology/approach: We used Partial Least Squares path modeling when estimating the effects of competitive environment and market power on a firm’s competitive position, considering the effects of time. The size of firm was used as a weighting factor. The sample is comprised by manufacturing industry Brazilian publicly traded firms, active in the period 2012 to 2017. Findings: The capacity of firms to achieve and sustain a favorable competitive position is directly dependent on the degree of market power they own. Under a reactive managerial point of view, managers should make strategic choices that allow the firm to stay close to consumers, to maintain and reinforce market power, avoiding reductions in market share. Under a proactive managerial point of view, managers should take advantage of market power by building barriers that would make it difficult for competitors to have access to consumers. Originality/value: This research brings two original contributions. The first one is the identification of the determining factors of the competitive position of Brazilian firms, during the period after the 2008 financial crisis. The second one is the proposition and test of a structural equations model to estimate the effects of market power and task environment on firm’s competitive position.
Software Rejuvenation Meets Moving Target Defense: Modeling of Time-Based Virtual Machine Migration Approach

The use of Virtual Machine (VM) migration as support for software rejuvenation was introduced more than a decade ago. Since then, several works have validated this approach from experimental and theoretical perspectives. Recently, some works shed light on the possibility of using the same technique as Moving Target Defense (MTD). However, to date, no work evaluated the availability and security levels while applying VM migration for both rejuvenation and MTD (multipurpose VM migration). In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation using Stochastic Petri Net (SPN) models to tackle this challenge. The evaluation covers the steady-state system availability, expected MTD protection, and related metrics of a system under time-based multipurpose VM migration. Results show that the availability and security improvement due to VM migration deployment surpasses 50% in the best scenarios. However, there is a trade-off between availability and security metrics, meaning that improving one implies compromising the other.