Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cancer Pain Management in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic: Concerns and Adaptation Strategies

Pain is a troublesome issue in most of the cancer patients. Under treatment of pain can lead to poor quality of life in them. Thus, it is important to maintain continuity of cancer pain management even during a pandemic situation. In literature, the strategies for adopting the cancer pain management practices in light of current scenario of pandemic are not described. The outbreak of Novel corona virus infection (COVID-19) has imposed multiple challenges including restriction of access to routine health care system, psychological stress and impositions of strict infection control strategy. In this narrative review, we discuss the potential considerations of conventional cancer pain management model during outbreak of COVID -19. Effects of common analgesics on immune system have been described backed by evidence in literature. We provide a few strategies for the cancer pain management practices, which can be adopted during the pandemic. They are prioritization of patients for in-hospital visit, considering bi logical interactions and legal limitations while prescribing medications, considering only urgent cases for pain interventions and providing a holistic care with use of digital technology. Further good quality randomized controlled trials and formulation of international consensus guidelines is the need of the hour and is highly recommended.
Ensuring legitimacy trough CSR communication in the biobased sector

The importance of corporations in sustainable development has increased. With augmented expectations of responsibility from the general public, the corporation may be obligated to engage in corporate sustainability to obtain legitimacy and a social license to operate. However, acting responsibly and being perceived as a responsible corporation, may also infer positive economic effects for said corporation. To be able to benefit from responsible actions economically, the corporations need to be able to communicate their efforts effectively. Ineffective, false, or unbacked communication, on the other hand, may invite criticism and adverse effects. This study aimed to explain how forest corporations ensure legitimacy in their operations through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communications. To do this, corporate communication was examined through sustainability reports of three forest corporations. Corporate statements and messages aiming to ensure legitimacy from stakeholders was examined in the study. In addition, corporate representatives were interviewed to provide further information about the statements, and messages the corporations use regarding corporate social responsibility. A theoretical framework consisting of legitimacy, institutional theory, and CSR communications was used to guide the analysis of the findings. The findings showed that forest corporations used several key statements to communicate their sustainability efforts to their stakeholders through the sustainability reports. These statements were analyzed, and discussed using the theoretical framework of legitimacy, institutional theory and CSR communication strategies. The study contributes with possible explanations of how corporations may communicate their CSR activities to enable certain legitimacy to be ensured. By using CSR communication strategies, the corporations are assisted in their strive for legitimacy. A conclusion from this study is that specific CSR communications strategies yield specific types of legitimacy.
Assessing 30-day avoidable readmission rates: Is it an appropriate tool to manage emergency department quality of care?

Objective: Quality indicators, based on administrative data, are being increasingly used to assess avoidable hospital readmission rates. Their potential to identify areas for improvement at low cost is attractive, but their performance in emergency departments (EDs) has been criticised. Methods: Hospital readmissions were categorised as potentially avoidable or non-avoidable, by a computerised algorithm (SQLape®, version 2016 - Striving for Quality Level and analysing of patient expenditures). Half-yearly rates were reported between July 2015 and June 2016. Two senior physicians conducted a medical record review on 100 randomly selected cases from an ED, flagged as potentially avoidable readmissions (PAR). Results were then discussed with the algorithm’s designer. Results: The algorithm screened 2,182 eligible emergency visits - 105 cases (4.8%), were deemed potentially avoidable by the algorithm. Among 100 randomly selected cases, nine exclusions were due to coding issues and four due to false positives. Overall (N = 87), 20/87 (23%) of readmissions were directly related to sole emergency care, 31/87 (36%) related to healthcare providers other than the ED, and 23/87 (26%) were of mixed provision, while 13/87 (15%) were attributed to the course of the disease. Conclusions: The study confirms the need for a better understanding of the algorithm’s measurement and of its reported results. Careful interpretation is required before a sound conclusion can be made. Indeed, it is apparent that the 30-day PAR quality indicator rate reflects a wider parameter of care than hospitals alone, who understandably tend to concentrate on their own, direct liability of care. In particular the 30-day PAR quality indicator is not well-suited to evaluate ED performance.
ADJUNCTIVE USE OF HYALURONIC ACID WITH SCALING & ROOT PLANING IN TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the adjunctive use of Hyaluronic acid with scaling & root planing (SRP) in patients with chronic periodontitis & diabetes mellitus type 2. Subjects &Methods: Thirty subjects with chronic periodontitis & diabetes mellitus type 2 were included in this randomized clinical trial. These subjects were randomly allocated into test & control equal groups. The test group comprised fifteen patients who received SRP with subgingival application of Hyaluronic acid as an adjunct. The control group included fifteen patients who received SRP alone. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) & clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured & documented at baseline, 6 weeks & 12 weeks intervals. Results: A statistically significant clinical improvement in all clinical parameters was shown in the test & control groups after SRP, 6 weeks & 12 weeks follow up intervals (p≤0.05). Statistically significant better results were observed in the test group, compared to control group, in all periodontal parameters, except PI, at 6 weeks and 12 weeks (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Adjunctive use of Hyaluronic acid with SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 offers superior clinical results compared to SRP alone.
Stress rotation – impact and interaction of rock stiffness and faults

Abstract. It has been assumed that the orientation of the maximum horizontal compressive stress (SHmax) in the upper crust is governed on a regional scale by the same forces that drive plate motion. However, several regions are identified where stress orientation deviates from the expected orientation due to plate boundary forces (first-order stress sources), or the plate wide pattern. In some of these regions, a gradual rotation of the SHmax orientation has been observed. Several second- and third-order stress sources have been identified in the past, which may explain stress rotation in the upper crust. For example, lateral heterogeneities in the crust, such as density and petrophysical properties, and discontinuities, such as faults, are identified as potential candidates to cause lateral stress rotations. To investigate several of these candidates, generic geomechanical numerical models are set up with up to five different units, oriented by an angle of 60∘ to the direction of shortening. These units have variable (elastic) material properties, such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and density. In addition, the units can be separated by contact surfaces that allow them to slide along these vertical faults, depending on a chosen coefficient of friction. The model results indicate that a density contrast or the variation of Poisson's ratio alone hardly rotates the horizontal stress (≦17∘). Conversely, a contrast of Young's modulus allows significant stress rotations of up to 78∘, even beyond the vicinity of the material transition (>10 km). Stress rotation clearly decreases for the same stiffness contrast, when the units are separated by low-friction discontinuities (only 19∘ in contrast to 78∘). Low-friction discontinuities in homogeneous models do not change the stress pattern at all away from the fault (>10 km); the stress pattern is nearly identical to a model without any active faults. This indicates that material contrasts are capable of producing significant stress rotation for larger areas in the crust. Active faults that separate such material contrasts have the opposite effect – they tend to compensate for stress rotations.
University of Groningen Non-oncogenic T-region mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens do transfer T-DNA into plant cells Hille,

A new procedure for site-directed mutagenesis has been applied to the shooting and rooting loci of T-DNA of an octopine Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Mutants have been obtained which induced tumours that either developed shoots or produced more roots than normally observed. Double mutations, in which both types of T-DNA loci were affected, resulted in non-oncogenic strains. Indications have been obtained, showing that T-DNA coded oncogenic functions can be eliminated without affecting T-DNA transfer into plant cells.
A FRAMEWORK TO ANALYSE DIGITAL FABRICATION PROJECTS: THE ROLE OF DESIGN CREATIVITY

In this study, we formulate a framework to evaluate open-ended projects related to digital fabrication. The framework consists of two dimensions, i.e. human intellect and technology. Human intellect is judged by three sub-dimensions – creativity, computational thinking, and skills. In order to study the technology dimension, the four sub-dimensions include process, outcome, development stage, and reproducibility. To test the proposed framework, a case study was applied on digital fabrication projects done in Fab Academy 2019. Final projects of students are selected to implement the framework since final projects exemplify most of the skills learned by a student of the digital fabrication course. In addition, the proposed framework is also assessed in the light of existing literature done to evaluate learning in similar types of projects. The results establish the relationship among different sub parameters of human intellect and technology, and present the open-ended project evaluation results.
Radar-based assessment of hail frequency in Europe

Abstract. In this study we present a unique 10 year climatology of severe convective storm tracks for a large European area covering Germany, France, Belgium and Luxembourg. For the period 2005–2014, a high-resolution hail potential composite of 1×1 km2 is produced from two-dimensional radar reflectivity and lightning data. Individual hailstorm tracks as well as their physical properties, such as radar reflectivity along the tracks, were reconstructed for the entire time period using the Convective Cell Tracking Algorithm (CCTA2D). A sea-to-continent gradient in the number of hail days per year is found to be present over the whole domain. In addition, the highest number of severe storms is found on the leeward side of low mountain ranges such as the Massif Central in France and the Swabian Jura in southwest Germany. A latitude shift in the hail peak month is observed between the northern part of Germany, where hail occurs most frequently in August, and southern France, where the maximum amount of hail is 2 months earlier. The longest footprints with high reflectivity values occurred on 9 June 2014 and on 28 July 2013 with lengths reaching up to 500 km. Both events were associated with hailstones measuring up to 10 cm diameter, which caused damage in excess of EUR 2 billion.
Effects of Tannic Acid on Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Muscle in Broiler Chickens Under Heat Stress

One hundred twenty day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups to investigate the effects of tannic acid supplementation (TA) on fatty acid composition in breast muscle of broilers under chronic heat exposure conditions. Five pen replicates of 6 chicks each were assigned to each of the following 4 dietary treatments: i) basal diet containing no TA at 25°C (CL); ii) basal diet containing no TA at 35°C (CH); iii) basal diet supplemented with 1% TA at 25°C (TL); and iv) basal diet supplemented with 1% TA at 35°C (TH). At the end of the 5-week experiment, breast muscle samples were collected to examine the fatty acid composition. Results showed that temperature, TA and their interaction effect significantly decreased body weight gain and feed intake. In addition, feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly increased under high temperature, and addition of TA under high temperature did not improve the FCR. The effects of temperature, TA and their interaction on the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not significant (P<0.05). However, monounsaturated fatty acids significantly reduced by adding TA to the diet. Generally, TA improved the fatty acid profile of breast muscle of broilers under heat stress in comparison to the heat stressed chickens, which did not receive TA. Hence, it seems that dietary TA supplementation can be applied as a biological antioxidant for poultry nutrition in hot climatic conditions.
Efeito da terapia floral no estresse docente: ensaio clínico randomizado

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of Bach flower essences in reducing teachers' stress levels. Method: a controlled, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial with a prospective design. In data collection, a form validated in the light of Betty Neuman's theory and another three instruments were used, one in the perceptive perspective (PSS-14), the second in the prevalence of the signs and symptoms (LSS), and the third for the evaluation of the bio-electrographic aspects (FAAB). The sample consisted of 27 teachers from the basic education network, with medium and high levels of stress and divided into two groups: intervention group (IG), the one that received Bach flower essences, and placebo group (PG). Results: the IG proved to be effective in reducing stress, being statistically significant intra-group with the decrease in the mean scores of PSS-14 (p=0.004), LSS (p=0.000), and bioelectrography (p=0.011); as well as between groups with a p-value of 0.035 for LSS, and FAAB with p=0.001. Conclusion: the Bach flower essences proved to be effective in the care of teachers' stress with the re-structuring of the flexible line of defense, reflecting in a better relationship between the teacher and intra-, inter-, and extra-personal stressors. This study is registered in the ReBEC under UTN No U1111-1208-4987.
Relative contributions of heat flux and wind stress on the spatiotemporal upper-ocean variability in the tropical Indian Ocean

High-resolution ocean general circulation model (OGCM) simulations are employed to investigate interannual variability of the upper-ocean temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean (20°S–20°N). The seasonal cycle and interannual variability in the upper-ocean temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean in the forced ocean simulation are in good agreement with available observation and reanalysis products. Two further sensitivity OGCM simulations are used to separate the relative contributions of heat flux and wind stress. The comparison of the model simulations reveals the depth-dependent influences of heat flux and wind stress on the ocean temperature variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. Generally, heat flux dominates the temperature variability in the top 30 m, while wind stress contributes most strongly to the subsurface temperature variability below 30 m. This implies that a transition depth should exist at each location, where the dominant control of the ocean temperature variability switched from heat flux to wind stress. We define the depth of this transition point as the ‘crossing depth’ and make use of this concept to better understand the depth-dependent impacts of the heat flux and wind stress on the upper-ocean temperature variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. The crossing depth tends to be shallower in the southern tropical Indian Ocean (20°S-EQ), including the Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) and the eastern part of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), suggesting the dominance of forcing due to wind stress and the resulting ocean dynamical processes in the temperature variability in those regions. The crossing depth also shows prominent seasonal variability in the southern tropical Indian Ocean. In the SCTR, the variability of the subsurface temperature forced by the wind stress dominates largely in boreal winter and spring, resulting in the shallow crossing depth in these seasons. In contrast, the intensified subsurface temperature variability with shallow crossing depth in the eastern part of the IOD is seen during boreal autumn. Overall, our results suggest that the two regions within the tropical Indian Ocean, the SCTR and the eastern part of the IOD, are the primary locations where the ocean dynamics due to wind-stress forcing control the upper-ocean temperature variability.
On the calibration of FIGAERO-ToF-CIMS: importance and impact of calibrant delivery for the particle phase calibration

The Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO) coupled with a time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (ToF-CIMS) enables online measurements of both gas-phase and particle-phase chemical constituents of ambient aerosols. When properly calibrated, the incorporated particle filter collection and subsequent thermal desorption enable the direct measurement of volatility of said constituents. Previously published volatility calibration results however differ from each other significantly. In this study we investigate the reason for this discrepancy. We found a major source of error in the widely used syringe deposition calibration method that can lead to an overestimation of saturation vapour pressures by several orders of magnitude. We propose a new method for volatility calibration by using atomized calibration compounds that more accurately captures the evaporation of chemical constituents from ambient aerosol particles. For example, we found a difference of ∼ 15 C in observed Tmax values between the atomizer method and syringe method using the lowest solution concentration (0.003 gL−1). This difference translates into a difference of up to 3 orders of magnitude in saturation concentration C space. We justify our claim with evaporation modelling and direct scanning electron microscopy imaging, while also presenting possible error sources of the atomizer method. We finally present how typical calibration parameters derived with both methods impact the volatility basis set (VBS) derived from measurements of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs).
Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Among Postpartum Mothers at Two Rwandan Hospitals

Background Breastfeeding in the first hour post birth can decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality. Disease prevention and health outcomes differ immensely between newborns who receive human milk and those who do not. Rwanda has high breastfeeding rates, though factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) are unknown. Objective To assess factors associated with EIBF among mothers in immediate postpartum units at two hospitals. Methods A cross-sectional study design and a convenience sample of 187 mothers were used. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A Chi-square test showed the relationship between EIBF and sociodemographic factors. Results The findings showed less than one quarter (20.5%) breastfed within the first hour after birth. The majority was < 25 years (52.4%), had some primary education (27.7%) employed (66.7%), urban dweller (58.1%), attendance of one ANC visit or more (81.3%), vaginal birth (58.8%), and did not receive EIBF health education (92.0%). The majority (78.5%) was too tired to initiate breastfeeding, and many supplemented (41.9%) due to perceived insufficient breastmilk. Conclusion Most mothers did not initiate breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. Sociodemographic factors were associated with EIBF. A program to promote, protect, and support EIBF is urgently needed the community. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(2):181-192
Neonatal Hypothermia: Mothers’ Knowledge and Practice at a Provincial Hospital in Rwanda

Background Globally, 2.5 million neonates die each year from hypothermia. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers neonatal hypothermia as a decrease of axillary temperature in infants below 36.5° Celsius. New mothers, or the nearest caregivers, should be aware that hypothermia is a newborn danger sign, in order to apply best practices regarding neonatal hypothermia prevention to reduce subsequent mortality. Objective To assess mothers’ knowledge and practice of neonatal hypothermia at a selected provincial hospital in Rwanda. Methods A cross-sectional study design and convenience sampling method were used to select 161 mothers with living babies. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Results About 97% of mothers had inadequate knowledge, and the majority (83%) had inadequate neonatal hypothermia practices. Predictor variables for knowledge were ANC attendance (OR=1.884, 95% CI=1.675-2.565, p=0.042) and secondary educational level (OR=1.787, 95% CI=1.521-2.187, p=0.032). Practice was significantly associated with educational level (OR=1.787, 95% CI=1.521-2.187, p=0.032). Conclusion There is a need to increase a mother's evidence-based practice of neonatal hypothermia. This condition unchecked leads to high-risk life-threatening complications. Prevention should emphasize on observed gaps to decrease deaths related to neonatal hypothermia. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(2):152-166
Nitrogen retention in natural Mediterranean wetlands a ff ected by agricultural runo

Nitrogen retention efficiency in natural Mediterranean wetlands affected by agricultural runoff was quantified and the effect of season and hydrological/chemical loading was examined from March 2007 to June 2008 in two wetland-streams located in Southeast Spain. Nitrate-N (NO3 -N), ammonium-N (NH + 4 -N), total organic nitrogen-N (TON-N) 5 and chloride (Cl−) concentrations were analyzed to calculate nitrogen retention efficiencies. These wetlands consistently reduced water nitrogen concentration throughout the year with higher values for NO3 -N (72.3%), even though the mean values of inflow NO3 -N concentrations were above 20 mg l −1. Additionally, they usually acted as sinks for TON-N (45.4%), but as sources for NH4 -N. Over the entire study period, the Taray 10 and Parra wetlands were capable of removing a mean value of 1.6 and 0.8 kg NO3 -N a day−1, respectively. Retention efficiencies were not affected by temperature variation and did not follow a seasonal pattern. The temporal variability for NO3 -N retention efficiency was positively and negatively explained by the net hydrologic retention and the inflow NO3 -N concentration (R 2 adj=0.832, p<0.001), respectively. TON-N retention 15 efficiency was only positively explained by the net hydrologic retention (R adj=0.1997, p<0.05). No significant regression model was found for NH4 -N. Finally, the conservation of these Mediterranean wetland-streams may act as a tool to not only improves the surface water quality in agricultural catchments, but to also achieve a good ecological status for surface waters, this being the Water Framework Directive’s ultimate 20