Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of upper arm anthropometry, upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and midupper- arm-circumference (MUAC)-for-height as indicators of body composition and nutritional status among children

Abstract Upper arm anthropometry has a potential role to provide useful estimations of body composition and nutritional status. Aims of the present cross-sectional study were to assess body composition and nutritional status of rural school-going children using upper arm anthropometric measures such as upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for-height. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1281 children of West Bengal, India (boys 619, girls 662) aged 5-12 years and selected using a stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and triceps skinfold (TSF) were recorded. Body composition and nutritional status were assessed using upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA), UAMAH and MUAC-forheight. Age-sex-specific overall adiposity in TSF, UFA, arm fat index and upper-arm fat area estimates were higher among girls than boys (p<0.01), but UMA and upper-arm muscle area estimates were observed to be higher among boys than girls (p<0.05). High prevalence of undernutrition was found among both boys (53.15%) and girls (41.69%) using UAMAH (p<0.01). The overall prevalence of low MUAC-forheight was higher among boys (28.59%) than girls (25.68%) (p>0.05). Upper arm anthropometric measures, UAMAH and MUAC-for-height are useful for assessment of body composition and nutritional status among children.
The status and need for characterization of Nordic animal genetic resources

ABSTRACT The Nordic countries are committed to conserving farm animal genetic diversity. National reports on phenotypic and genetic characterization point towards a lack of characterization for many Nordic native breeds. Little to no knowledge on the traits of the animals and their derived products leads to potential remaining untapped. The objective of this study was to provide a quantitative assessment of phenotypic and genetic characterization of Nordic native breeds, through a literature search and obtaining census data. Six species and a total of 85 breeds were included. Studies were classified according to six different categories of characterization. Results showed that a large percentage of the breeds are not characterized at all. Moreover, most breeds have extremely low census sizes. A substantial effort to increase population sizes and document characteristics of Nordic native breeds, to promote conservation and sustainable use, is needed.
Accurate reconstruction of bacterial pan- and core genomes with PEPPAN

Bacterial genomes can contain traces of a complex evolutionary history, including extensive homologous recombination, gene loss, gene duplications and horizontal gene transfer. In order to reconstruct the phylogenetic and population history of a set of multiple bacteria, it is necessary to examine their pan-genome, the composite of all the genes in the set. Here we introduce PEPPAN, a novel pipeline that can reliably construct pan-genomes from thousands of genetically diverse bacterial genomes that represent the diversity of an entire genus. PEPPAN outperforms existing pan-genome methods by providing consistent gene and pseudogene annotations extended by similarity-based gene predictions, and identifying and excluding paralogs by combining tree- and synteny-based approaches. The PEPPAN package additionally includes PEPPAN_parser, which implements additional downstream analyses including the calculation of trees based on accessory gene content or allelic differences between core genes. In order to test the accuracy of PEPPAN, we implemented SimPan, a novel pipeline for simulating the evolution of bacterial pan-genomes. We compared the accuracy and speed of PEPPAN with four state-of-the-art pan-genome pipelines using both empirical and simulated datasets. PEPPAN was more accurate and more specific than any of the other pipelines and was almost as fast as any of them. As a case study, we used PEPPAN to construct a pan-genome of ~40,000 genes from 3052 representative genomes spanning at least 80 species of Streptococcus. The resulting gene and allelic trees provide an unprecedented overview of the genomic diversity of the entire Streptococcus genus.
Assessment of Tolerance to Drought Stress of Thirty-five Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Boxplots and Cluster Analysis

Drought is an acute abiotic stress that limits wheat production worldwide, particularly in arid and semi-arid zones, due to the uneven distribution of rainfall, possibly as a consequence of climate change. In south Asia, including Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, wheat is generally grown under rainfall deficit in winter causing the reduction of wheat yield during this period. This study aimed to characterize the drought tolerance of 35 wheat genotypes of diverse morphologies grown in the field. Plants were grown under drought (irrigation was stopped after the crown root initiation (CRI) stage and the crop was protected from receiving rainfall) and well-watered (control) conditions. Phenological variation on days to first visible awn, days to heading, days to anthesis, days to full expansion of flag leaf, days to awn drying, and days to physiological maturity of all 35 wheat genotypes were significantly different (p≤0.01) under water deficit (drought stress). Similarly, plant height, tillers m-2, spike length, spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, grain weight, grain yield (GY) and straw yield of all 35 genotypes were significantly reduced under water deficit. Among the tested genotypes, nine genotypes i.e., ‘BARI Gom 26’, ‘Sourav’, ‘BAW 1169’ and ‘BAW 1158’ (GY reduction < 30%), and ‘BAW 1151’, ‘BAW 1157’, ‘BAW 1159’, ‘BAW 1161’, ‘BAW 1165’ and ‘BAW 1170’ (GY reduction < 40%) were classified as tolerant on the basis of minimum variation in phenology, growth and yield attributes, while also considering the lowest yield reduction (< 40%) under drought stress. Genotypes ‘Prodip’, ‘Shatabdi’, Gourav, ‘Sufi’, ‘Kanchan’, ‘Barkat’, ‘Balaka’, ‘Aghrani’, ‘Akbar’, ‘Protiva’, ‘Ananda’, ‘Bijoy’, ‘BARI Gom 25’, ‘BAW 1160’, ‘BAW 1162’, ‘BAW 1163’, ‘BAW 1164’, ‘BAW 1168’ and ‘BAW 1172’ were categorized as moderately sensitive (< 50% GY reduction), while genotypes ‘Seri’, ‘Pavon’, ‘BAW 1166’, ‘BAW 1167’, ‘BAW 1171’ and ‘BAW 1173’ were considered to be highly susceptible to drought (>50% GY reduction). Therefore, among the 35 genotypes, nine may be recommended as drought-tolerant wheat genotypes for cultivation under water deficit (drought) conditions or may be used in a future breeding program to develop drought-tolerant varieties.
Toxoplasmosis in Iraqi Women: a Retrospective Study

ackground: Toxoplasmsosis is a relatively widespread parasitic infection, caused by the protozoan toxoplasma gondii, which can affect pregnancy adversely. Objectives: To identify the cases of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women and to identify its relation to the outcome of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study of 54 female patients with toxoplasmosis, their age ranged between 16-45 years old in the period between 20062007 in AL-Kadhimia Teaching hospital & IVF Institute of Embryo Researches & Infertility Treatment-AL-Nahrain University –Baghdad. Results: Pregnant woman with positive IgG and/or IgM anti-toxoplasma was considered as a seropositive case. IgG have done to all women in the study, 51(94%) were positive and only 3(6%) were negative. IgM was performed to 27(50%) women, 9(33%) were positive, 18(67%) were negative. Only (18%) of the positive IgG had history of animal contact. IgG test was positive in 82% of women with a history of abortion. IgG test was positive in 18% of women with a history of stillbirth. Conclusions: in conclusion the presence of IgG in the blood of women in this study is not associated with abortion or stillbirth.
Dental caries status in 6–14-year-old schoolchildren of rural Channagiri, Davangere: A cross-sectional survey

Introduction: Dental caries is a major public health issue and schools remain an important setting for an efficient and effective way to reach over billion children worldwide and through them, families, and community members. Aim: To assess the prevalence of dental caries among 6–14-year-old-school going children of rural areas of Channagiri taluk. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among government schools at Thyavanige, Nallur, Pandomatti, Tavarakere, Daginakatte, and Ajjihalli in Channagiri taluk of Davangere district. The study population comprised school children from 6 to 14 years. A total of 1140 children of both genders were surveyed for dental caries prevalence. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, unpaired t-test, and one-way ANOVA test. Results: The prevalence of caries in the present study was higher in boys (45.08%) than girls (28.42%) (P > 0.5). The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) was 0.47 ± 0.95 for boys and 0.44 ± 0.91 for girls and the mean dmft for boys was 0.50 ± 1.04 and 0.66 ± 1.12 for girls. Conclusions: Caries prevalence was higher in boys and also a large amount of untreated carious lesions among the children. These results suggest that emphasis should be given to scientific monitoring, effective implementation and evaluation of school based oral health promotion and preventive programs to increase the dental awareness and oral hygiene practices, in the rural areas of Channagiri taluk of Davangere district.
Histopathological spectrum of male genital tract lesions: A retrospective study

Background: The male genital tract consists of a pair of testes, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands) and the penis. Incidence of male genital cancer has increased rapidly over the period of time. Keeping in mind the varied histology and equal importance of male genital tract lesions, the present study was done to study the male genital tract lesions in our region. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out retrospectively in the department of pathology, GMC Jammu over a period of 1 year which included 96 cases. The data collected included age, sex, clinical history, diagnosis and histopathological findings. Results: Our study included 96 cases out of which majority were of testis (36;37.5%) followed by prostate (25;26%), penis(18;18.7%), scrotum (13;13.6%) and epididymis (4;4.1%). Neoplastic lesions were 12(12.5%) and non neoplastic lesions were 84 (87.5%) in number. Among the neoplastic lesions adenocarcinoma prostate (7; 7.3%) was the most common and benign hyperplasia of prostate (18;18.7%) was common among the non neoplastic category. Conclusion: Lesions of male genital tract form a relatively small but important part of pathological practice, so it is necessary to thoroughly investigate the patient for correct diagnosis and management of the patient.
Perceptions of the Peer Review Process in Hospitality and Tourism

ABSTRACT The peer review process is an important part of the academic research process; yet, little is known about the perceptions of the process held by those who participate in it, including within the hospitality and tourism discipline. This study surveyed hospitality and tourism scholars to determine their views of the peer review process. Most of those surveyed were involved in the peer review process in several roles; valued a truly double-blind, timely review process; and overall did not think that the review process in the hospitality and tourism discipline is unethical or deteriorating. However, while the survey results indicated that hospitality and tourism scholars had relatively positive views of the peer review process in their field, they felt that the process could be improved.
Analysis of The Difficulty of VIIIthGrade Junior High School Students in Circle Material Reviewed from The Mathematics Connection Ability

This study aims to analyze the difficulty of VIIIth grade junior high school students in circle material reviewed from mathematical connection ability. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The subjects in this study were 23 eight grade in one of the junior high schools in Temanggung. Data collection is done by tests and interviews. The instrument used in this study are 3 questions about the material related to the Circle and interview guide to know where the students’ difficulties are. The results of data analysis showed students varied mathematical connection skills; some students belong to the high category while others are in the medium or low category. However, student’s ability to connect inter-mathematical concepts and apply mathematical concepts in solving daily problems are in the low category with 43.47% and 53.26%. The low mathematical connection ability of students is indicated by the low percentage of students who give correct answers, the low percentage on each indicator of mathematical connections, and errors made by students. Mistakes made by students show the difficulties experienced by students. The difficulty that is generally expressed by students is the difficulty of understanding the problem and the difficulty of determining the formula or theorem used to solve the problem.
Longitudinal cell division is associated with single mutations in the FtsZ-recruiting SsgB in Streptomyces

In most bacteria, cell division begins with the polymerization of the GTPase FtsZ at the mid-cell, which recruits the division machinery to initiate cell constriction. In the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces, cell division is positively controlled by SsgB, which recruits FtsZ to the future septum sites and promotes Z-ring formation. Here we show via site-saturated mutagenesis that various amino acid substitutions in the highly conserved SsgB protein result in the production of ectopically placed septa, that sever spores diagonally or along the long axis, perpendicular to the division plane. Ectopic septa were especially prominent when cells expressed SsgB variants with substitutions in residue E120. Biochemical analysis of SsgB variant E120G revealed that its interaction with - and polymerization of - FtsZ had been maintained. The crystal structure of S. coelicolor SsgB was resolved and the position of residue E120 suggests its requirement for maintaining the proper angle of helix α3, thus providing a likely explanation for the aberrant septa formed in SsgB E120 substitution mutants. Taken together, our work presents the first example of longitudinal division in a free living bacterium, which is explained entirely by changes in the FtsZ-recruiting protein SsgB.
Violência no trabalho em saúde da família: estudo de métodos mistos

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a prevalência de violência no trabalho em Unidades de Saúde da Família, caracterizar as vítimas e conhecer as implicações das condições e da organização do trabalho na exposição dos trabalhadores. Métodos Estudo misto, do tipo concomitante. A etapa quantitativa contou com amostra de 106 profissionais de saúde de 17 unidades de saúde de família que responderam questões acerca de dados sociodemográficos e ao Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Na etapa qualitativa 18 trabalhadores vítimas de violência foram intencionalmente seíecionados para responder à entrevista semiestruturada. Achados quantitativos foram submetidos a estatísticas descritivas e analíticas, e os dados qualitativos à análise temática. Resultados Cerca de 69,8% dos trabalhadores foram expostos à violência, sendo as principais vítimas os trabalhadores mais jovens e da equipe de enfermagem (p=0,047). A violência também foi associada à pior avaliação sobre os relacionamentos com colegas (p=0,003) e chefias (p=0,008). Os entrevistados atribuíram à recepção da unidade o espaço de maior risco de agressões. A falta de recursos, ausência de médico na unidade e sua localização em zonas de tráfico foram aspectos relacionados à exposição dos profissionais à violência. Conclusão A violência se mostrou prevalente no trabalho em unidades de saúde da família e melhorias na estrutura, recursos humanos e materiais, bem como segurança pública são necessários para controlar e prevenir agressões aos trabalhadores.
A Late Cretaceous felsic magmatic suite from the Tengchong Block, western Yunnan: integrated geochemical and isotopic investigation and implications for Sn mineralization

Abstract The Tengchong Block within the Sanjiang Tethys belt in the southeastern part of the Tibetan plateau experienced a widespread intrusion of a felsic magmatic suite of granites in its central domain during Late Cretaceous times. Here, we investigate the Guyong and Xiaolonghe plutons from this suite in terms of their petrological, geochemical, and Sr–Nd, zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf–O isotopic features to gain insights into the evolution of the Neo-Tethys. The Guyong pluton (76 Ma) is composed of metaluminous monzogranites, and the Xiaolonghe pluton (76 Ma) is composed of metaluminous to peraluminous medium- and fine-grained syenogranite. A systematic decrease in Eu, Ba, Sr, P and Ti concentrations; a decrease in Zr/Hf and LREE/HREE ratios; and an increase in the Rb/Ba and Ta/Nb ratios from the Guyong to Xiaolonghe plutons suggest fractional crystallization of biotite, plagioclase, K-feldspar, apatite, ilmenite and titanite. They also show the characteristics of I-type granites. The negative zircon εHf(t) isotopic values (−10.04 to −5.22) and high δ18O values (6.69 to 8.58 ‰) and the negative whole-rock εNd(t) isotopic values (−9.7 to −10.1) and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7098–0.7099) of the Guyong monzogranite suggest that these rocks were generated by partial melting of the Precambrian basement without mantle input. The zircon εHf(t) isotopic values (−10.63 to −3.04) and δ18O values (6.54 to 8.69 ‰) of the Xiaolonghe syenogranite are similar to the features of the Guyong monzogranite, and this similarity suggests a cogenetic nature and magma derivation from the lower crust that is composed of both metasedimentary and meta-igneous rocks. The Xiaolonghe fine-grained syenogranite shows an obvious rare earth element tetrad effect and lower Nb/Ta ratios, which indicate its productive nature with respect to ore formation. In fact, we discuss that the Sn mineralization in the region was possible due to Sn being scavenged from these rocks by exsolved hydrothermal fluids. We correlate the Late Cretaceous magmatism in the central Tengchong Block with the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys beneath the Burma–Tengchong Block.
The impact of mild cognitive impairment on musical ability

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Hintergrund: Patienten mit einer Alzheimer-Erkrankung zeigen Beeinträchtigungen kognitiver Prozesse einschließlich der Verarbeitung musikalischer Reize. Wir haben untersucht, ob der Rückgang der musikalischen Verarbeitung schon im Stadium der mild cognitive impairment (MCI) beginnt. Methodik: Wir haben 18 Patienten mit MCI und ohne eine andere neurologische oder psychiatrische Erkrankung eingeschlossen. Es wurde ein selbst entwickelter Musikalitätstest angewendet, der folgende Fähigkeiten misst: Identifikation von Melodien; Tonhöhenerkennung; Rhythmuserkennung; emotionaler Ausdruck der Musik. Zusätzlich haben wir Marker einer dementiellen Entwicklung im Liquor bestimmt. Wir haben die Ergebnisse der Patienten verglichen mit den Ergebnissen einer nach Alter und Geschlecht parallelisierten gesunden Vergleichsgruppe. Alle Patienten und Kontrollen hatten keine spezifische musikalische Ausbildung. Ergebnisse: Patienten mit MCI zeigten signifikant niedrigere Ergebnisse beim Rhythmus, Metrum und emotionalen Subtests und im gesamten Test-Score. Der Gesamt-Score war invers korreliert mit dem Level von Gesamt-Tau im Liquor. Diskussion: Unsere Daten deuten darauf hin, dass einige Domänen der Musikalität bei Patienten mit MCI signifikant beeinträchtigt sind. Dies bedeutet jedoch nicht notwendigerweise, dass die Produktion von und die Freude an Musik beeinträchtigt sind. Dennoch sollte die Beeinträchtigung von Teilen der Musikalität beim Einsatz von Musiktherapie bei diesen Patienten berücksichtigt werden.
Passban IDS: An Intelligent Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection System for IoT Edge Devices

Cyber-threat protection is today’s one of the most challenging research branches of information technology, while the exponentially increasing number of tiny, connected devices able to push personal data to the Internet is doing nothing but exacerbating the battle between the involved parties. Thus, this protection becomes crucial with a typical Internet-of-Things (IoT) setup, as it usually involves several IoT-based data sources interacting with the physical world within various application domains, such as agriculture, health care, home automation, critical industrial processes, etc. Unfortunately, contemporary IoT devices often offer very limited security features, laying themselves open to always new and more sophisticated attacks and also inhibiting the expected global adoption of IoT technologies, not to mention millions of IoT devices already deployed without any hardware security support. In this context, it is crucial to develop tools able to detect such cyber threats. In this article, we present Passban, an intelligent intrusion detection system (IDS) able to protect the IoT devices that are directly connected to it. The peculiarity of the proposed solution is that it can be deployed directly on very cheap IoT gateways (e.g., single-board PCs currently costing few tens of U.S. dollars), hence taking full advantage of the edge computing paradigm to detect cyber threats as close as possible to the corresponding data sources. We will demonstrate that Passban is able to detect various types of malicious traffic, including Port Scanning, HTTP and SSH Brute Force, and SYN Flood attacks with very low false positive rates and satisfactory accuracies.