Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temperatura superficial de materiais utilizados para cobertura individual de bezerreiros

The aim of this study was to evaluate surface temperature of covering materials used in individual hutches for calves during lactating period, through thermal images. The experiment was carried out from January to March of 2012, lasting for 56 days, on 24 individual housings for Girolando calves. The treatments were composed of three types of covering materials: palm straw, recycled polymer tile and asbestos cement tile. A completely randomized design was adopted, and in order to compare means the Tukey test (p < 0.05) was used. The results showed that there was a significant difference among the studied treatments, in which the recycled tiles presented lower mean temperature values on the superior surface throughout the experimental period, being the maximum value around 36.9 oC and the minimum 14.4 oC. Straw-covered and recycled-tile-covered hutches presented a better thermal performance when compared to asbestos-cement-covered ones, probably a better thermal comfort condition for housed animals.
Influence of glyphosate on corn hybrid tolerance to tolpyralate + atrazine

Abstract This study consisting of six field experiments was conducted in 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the tolerance of four corn hybrids (P9998AM, P9840AM, DKC42-60RIB, and DKC43-47RIB) to the tank mix of tolpyralate + atrazine with a commercial glyphosate formulation. At 1 wk after application (WAA), two corn hybrids (P9998AM and P9840AM) exhibited more injury from tolpyralate + atrazine (2× rate) applied alone and in combination with glyphosate than DKC42-60RIB and DKC43-47RIB; however, all corn hybrids responded similarly with respect to visible injury 2, 4, and 8 WAA, stand loss, and yield. Application of tolpyralate + atrazine or glyphosate + tolpyralate + atrazine at the 2× rate caused greater corn injury (up to 27%) than tolpyralate + atrazine or glyphosate + tolpyralate + atrazine at the 1× rate (up to 8%) at 1 WAA. The addition of commercial glyphosate with tolpyralate + atrazine did not enhance injury symptoms. Results of this study show that there is a wide margin of corn safety with tolpyralate + atrazine applied alone and in combination with a commercial formulation of glyphosate. Nomenclature: Atrazine; glyphosate; tolpyralate; corn; Zea mays L
The Geochemistry of Enceladus: Composition and Controls

Enceladus is the first world beyond Earth for which we have clear observational data concerning the composition of an extant ocean. The abundances of chemical species in the plume of Enceladus, which is sourced by the ocean, provide valuable constraints on the temperature, major ion composition, pH, and reduction-oxidation (redox) chemistry of its ocean. The pressure profile is determined by the internal structure of the moon, which also constrains temperatures in Enceladus’ rocky core. The data indicate that the ocean is a relatively alkaline and reduced solution of dissolved sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate/carbonate ions just below the freezing point of pure water. Observations of silica nanoparticles and molecular hydrogen from Enceladus can be explained in terms of hydrothermal sources. We present a model in which the dissolution of quartz in hot water yields high concentrations of silica, and reduced rocks tidally heated in the presence of water supply abundant hydrogen. Future studies should seek to address many of the geochemical questions raised by the Cassini era of Enceladus exploration.
Financialization and Industrial Policies in Japan and Korea Evolving Complementarities and Loss of Institutional Capabilities

Lechevalier, Sebastien; Debanes, Pauline; Shin, Wonkyu.April, 2016.Financialization and industrial policies in Japan and Korea,Thesis,Paris,FranceFondation France-Japan de L'EHESS,CEAFJP Discussion paper series/16-06,45
PISA, policy and persuasion: translating complex conditions into education ‘best practice’

ABSTRACT Education reform is increasingly portrayed as a means to improve a nation's global competitiveness as measured by its performance in international league tables of pupil achievement. This has created a demand for comparative research which identifies ‘what works’ in high-performing school systems. A diverse array of consultancies, thinks tanks, and entrepreneurs has emerged to satisfy that demand, portraying their approach as a pragmatic and objective form of evidence-based policy-making. However, the attempt to translate complex conditions into straightforward solutions (i.e. ‘what works’) leads researchers into a basic paradox. This paper identifies the strategies used to address this paradox and to advocate reforms. We demonstrate that, though they are persuasive, the strategies fundamentally fail to overcome the problems inherent in the enterprise.
Government Subsidies for Private Community Services: The Case of School Education

Governments confront potentially competing demands for increased provision of community services, prudent budgetary management and no expansion in taxes. In the areas of primary and secondary education, the federal government has attempted to deal with these pressures by using government subsidies for private schools to expand the size of the private school system and free up more resources for those who remain in the public education system. This initiative will be most successful when the demand for private education is highly responsive to private school fees and the subsidies are targeted at those segments of the school and student population that are most responsive to reductions in private school fees. The current system based on the overall Socio- Economic Status of each schools student population is probably an improvement over previous schemes, but it is still potentially inefficient because it does not target funds at the most fee-responsive groups.
Malacofauna from soft bottoms in the Cerro Gordo marine cave (Alboran Sea): biodiversity and spatial distribution

A study has been carried out for the first time of the molluscan fauna of the Cerro Gordo submarine cave in the Spanish part of the Alboran Sea. The depth of the cave bottom ranges from 16 m at its entrance, to sea level at its innermost section. Replicate soft-bottom samples were collected from three different stations along the horizontal gradient of the cave. Additional samples were collected on photophilous hard bottoms next to the cave entrance in order to assess the origin of cave bioclasts. The cave sediments contained 158 species of molluscs (23 collected alive and 155 recorded as shells), more than in Mediterranean cave sediments elsewhere. Species richness and abundance of molluscs decreased from the outermost to the innermost part of the cave. No cave-exclusive species were found, possibly due to the scarcity of caves in the Alboran Sea, but many of the recorded species are known from other Mediterranean caves. The lack of adult individuals for most of the living species inside the cave, suggests that these do not constitute self-maintaining populations. Finally, our results suggest that bioclasts found in the sediment do not derive from the outside of the cave nor from the sediment itself, but mostly from the communities inhabiting the walls and ceiling of the cave.
Structural and Exchange Components in Processes of Neighbourhood Change: A Social Mobility Approach

Neighbourhood socioeconomic change is a complex phenomenon which is driven by multiple macro- and micro-level processes. Most theoretical and empirical work has focused on the role of urban-level processes, such as filtering, life-cycle, and social dynamics. For individual neighbourhoods, these processes generate flows of different socioeconomic groups, which consequently leads to an exchange of relative positions in the metropolitan hierarchy ('exchange' effect) where some neighbourhoods move up and others move down. Neighbourhoods are also affected by structural processes that operate beyond the urban level. They can generate upward or downward shifts of absolute income across a whole array of neighbourhoods ('growth/decline' effect), or change the inequality among neighbourhoods, where the top and bottom of the neighbourhood hierarchy move away from each other ('inequality' effect). A common practice in neighbourhood change studies is to represent neighbourhood status as relative to the respective metropolitan area; this neutralizes the 'growth/decline' effect and ignores an important source of change and divergence between neighbourhoods in different regions. Some specific relative measures of change do capture the 'inequality' effect but confound the 'exchange' and 'inequality' effects. This paper introduces a methodological approach that decomposes total neighbourhood socioeconomic change, measured in absolute terms, into components of 'exchange', 'growth/decline' and 'inequality'. It applies a decomposition method presented by Van Kerm (2004), developed for understanding income mobility of individuals. The approach (1) acknowledges the role of structural processes in neighbourhood change, and (2) makes a distinction between different processes that generate neighbourhood change which is essential for comparative research.
Improving Design Processes through Structured Reflection: Feedback

The approach to and results of the empirical study Isabelle Reymen performed at the end of her Ph.D. research project is described. The Ph.D. project resulted in a design philosophy, a design frame, a design method, and a prototype software tool. The empirical study has been performed to get feedback on these results from the design practice. In the empirical study, expert designers gave feedback on all results in an interview, whereas junior designers used the design method and the prototype during one day and evaluated both at the end of the day. The feedback is only a first confrontation with design practice to judge the generality (domain independence), the relevance, and the potential usefulness of the results for design practice. The goal of this report is to offer researchers more information about the performed empirical study and its results. The report includes two main parts: The first part concerns the approach to the feedback, including a detailed description of the protocol to get feedback from the junior and experts designers. The second part concerns the analysis and synthesis of the raw data received as feedback and the final results of the feedback. More about the Ph.D. project and its results can be found in the Ph.D. thesis, which is also published as SAI Report 2001/1.
Does Disgust Increase Unethical Behavior? A Replication of Winterich, Mittal, and Morales (2014)

We consider the relationship between disgust and ethical behavior. Winterich, Mittal, and Morales report several experiments finding that disgust increases unethical behavior. We replicated three of their studies, using high-powered designs with a total of 1,239 participants, three different procedures to induce disgust, and three different measures of unethical behavior. We observe no effect of disgust on unethical behavior in any of the studies, supporting the contention that disgust has no effect on ethical decision making.
Undergraduate and Graduate Students’ Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has looming negative impacts on mental health of undergraduate and graduate students at research universities, according to the Student Experience in the Research University (SERU) Consortium survey of 30,725 undergraduate students and 15,346 graduate and professional students conducted in May-July 2020 at nine public research universities. Based on PHQ-2 and GAD-2 screening tools, 35% of undergraduates and 32% of graduate and professional students screened positive for major depressive disorder, while 39% of undergraduate and graduate and professional students screened positive for generalized anxiety disorder. Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder rates are more pronounced among low-income students; students of color; women and non-binary students; transgender students; gay or lesbian, bisexual, queer, questioning, asexual, and pansexual students; and, students who are caregivers. The prevalence of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder is higher among the undergraduate and graduate students who did not adapt well to remote instruction. Furthermore, the pandemic has led to increases in students’ mental health disorders compared to previous years. In fact, the prevalence of major depressive disorder among graduate and professional students is two times higher in 2020 compared to 2019 and the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder is 1.5 times higher than in 2019.
Integer multiplier for the orbital angular momentum of light using a circular-sector transformation

This paper describes an integer multiplier for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light through the parallel implementation of multiple circular-sector transformations, whereby the cross-sectional circular shape of the OAM mode is geometrically transformed to the circular-sector shape. Experiments show that the conversion accuracy of both OAM doubler and tripler formulations is significantly better than that of the previous method. This is because the proposed method uses a simple implementation with a single spatial light modulator. The proposed method has strong potential for the spatial mode manipulation of OAM and other useful spatial modes.
Twisted Probabilities, Uncertainty, and Prices

A decision maker constructs a convex set of nonnegative martingales to use as likelihood ratios that represent alternatives that are statistically close to a decision maker’s baseline model. The set is twisted to include some specific models of interest. Max–min expected utility over that set gives rise to equilibrium prices of model uncertainty expressed as worst-case distortions to drifts in a representative investor’s baseline model. Three quantitative illustrations start with baseline models having exogenous long-run risks in technology shocks. These put endogenous long-run risks into consumption dynamics that differ in details that depend on how shocks affect returns to capital stocks. We describe sets of alternatives to a baseline model that generate countercyclical prices of uncertainty.
Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from "Anli" Pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim)

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the microwave-assisted extraction process of phenolic compounds from Anli pear. Under the optimized conditions, antioxidant activities of phenolics from Anli pear were evaluated in vitro by scavenging capabilities of DPPH radical and the composition of phenolic compounds was performed by LC-MS. The optimal microwave-assisted extraction processing parameters were extraction time 124 s, microwave power 408 W, ethanol concentration 56% (v/v), and solvent/solid ratio 45:1, with an extraction yield of 9.801 mgGAE/gdm. The total phenolics have significant antioxidant activities, which can be used as a source of potential antioxidant. LC-MS analysis revealed that the phenolic compounds in the extract of Anli pear were mainly catechin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin glycosides, and isorhamnetin glycosides.
From flying wheel to square flow: Dynamics of a flow driven by acoustic forcing

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. From flying wheel to square flow: Dynamics of a flow driven by acoustic forcing Tristan Cambonie, Brahim Moudjed, Valéry Botton, Daniel Henry, Hamda Ben Hadid
mGlu 5 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of fragile X syndrome

© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1 mGlu5 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of fragile X syndrome
Late Jurassic – earliest Cretaceous prolonged shelf dysoxic–anoxic event and its possible causes

Abstract The Late Jurassic – earliest Cretaceous time interval was characterized by a widespread distribution of dysoxiс–anoxiс environments in temperate- and high-latitude epicontinental seas, which could be defined as a shelf dysoxic–anoxic event (SDAE). In contrast to black shales related to oceanic anoxic events, deposits generated by the SDAE were especially common in shelf sites in the Northern Hemisphere. The onset and termination of the SDAE was strongly diachronous across different regions. The SDAE was not associated with significant disturbances of the carbon cycle. Deposition of organic-carbon-rich sediment and the existence of dysoxic–anoxic conditions during the SDAE lasted up to c. 20 Ma, but this event did not cause any remarkable biotic extinction. Temperate- and high-latitude black shale occurrences across the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary have been reviewed. Two patterns of black shale deposition during the SDAE are recognized: (1) Subboreal type, with numerous thin black shale beds, bounded by sediments with very low total organic carbon (TOC) values; and (2) Boreal type, distinguished by predominantly thick black shale successions showing high TOC values and prolonged anoxic–dysoxic conditions. These types appear to be unrelated to differences in accommodation space, and can be clearly recognized irrespective of the thickness of shale-bearing units. Black shales in high-latitude areas in the Southern Hemisphere strongly resemble Boreal types of black shale by their mode of occurrence. The causes of this SDAE are linked to long-term warming and changes in oceanic circulation. Additionally, the long-term disturbance of planktonic communities may have triggered overall increased productivity in anoxia-prone environments.
The Market Efficiency of Bitcoin: A Weekly Anomaly Perspective

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency. It is not a legal currency but a private monetary system that manages itself and does not depend on central banks or governments. Since the development of Bitcoin, its trading volume has been increasing largely and rapidly. Some fear the increase in Bitcoin usage as it is quite different from traditional currencies; however, its use is spreading all over the world. This paper examines empirically whether or not weekly price anomalies exist by checking the market efficiency of Bitcoin. The empirical results show that the Bitcoin market is not efficient. However, the empirical results show that Bitcoin transactions are becoming and can become more efficient. The results suggest that Bitcoin returns will be random in the future.JEL classification numbers: E42, E44, E51Keywords: Anomaly, Bitcoin, efficient market
Temperature-dependent rate constants for hydroxyl radical reactions with organic compounds in aqueous solutions

The OH radical is the most important oxidant in both the tropospheric gas and aqueous phase. Its main sink processes in clouds appear to be reactions with organics but due to the lack of appropriate kinetic data current cloud chemistry models consider only reactions with C1 and C2 compounds. Therefore, in this study temperature dependent rate constants for the reactions of the OH radical with organic compounds (≥C2) were determined. These investigations were performed by competition kinetics (reference substance: SCN−). Initially the experimental system was checked reinvestigating kinetic data for OH reactions with formate (R-1) and tert-butanol (R-2) available from literature. For the reactions (R-1) and (R-2) the following results were obtained: k1(298 K)=(2.4±0.4)×109 M−1 s−1; A1=(7.9±0.7)×1010 M−1 s−1; EA,1=(9±5) kJ mol−1 and k2(298 K)=(5.0±0.6)×108 M−1 s−1; A2=(3.3±0.1)×1010 M−1 s−1; EA,2=(10±3) kJ mol−1 for formate and tert-butanol, respectively. Temperature dependent rate constants for the reactions of OH with ethanol (k3(298 K)=(2.1±0.1)×109 M−1 s−1; A3=(1.0±0.1)×1011 M−1 s−1; EA,3=(10±5) kJ mol−1), 1-propanol (k4(298 K)=(3.2±0.2)×109 M−1 s−1; A4=(5.6±0.6)×1010 M−1 s−1; EA,4=(8±6) kJ mol−1), acetone (k5(298 K)=(2.1±0.6)×108 M−1 s−1; A5=(3.4±0.4)×1011 M−1 s−1; EA,5=(18±11) kJ mol−1) and methylglyoxal (k6(298 K)=(1.1±0.1)×109 M−1 s−1; A6=(2.9±0.3)×1011 M−1 s−1; EA,6=(13±6) kJ mol−1), Propionic acid: k7(298 K)=(3.2±0.5)×108 M−1 s−1; A7=(7.6±0.9)×1011 M−1 s−1; EA,7=(19±8) kJ mol−1; propionate: k8(298 K)=(7.2±0.4)×108 M−1 s−1; A8=(3.2±0.2)×1011 M−1 s−1; EA,8=(15±4) kJ mol−1; glyoxylic acid: k9(298 K)=(3.6±0.2)×108 M−1 s−1, A9=(8.1±0.4)×109 M−1 s−1, EA,9=(8±3) kJ mol−1, glyoxylate: k10(298 K)=(2.6±0.9)×109 M−1 s−1, A10=(6.0±0.4)×1015 M−1 s−1; EA,10=(36±8) kJ mol−1; pyruvic acid k11(298 K)=(1.2±0.4)×108 M−1 s−1; A11=(1.0±0.1)×1012 M−1 s−1; EA,11=(23±4) kJ mol−1; pyruvate: k12(298 K)=(7±2)×108 M−1 s−1; A12=(1.3±0.1)×1012 M−1 s−1; EA,12=(19±4) kJ mol−1; oxalate (monoanion): k13(298 K)=(1.9±0.6)×108 M−1 s−1; A13=(2.5±0.1)×1012 M−1 s−1; EA,13=(23±4) kJ mol−1; oxalate (dianion): k14(298 K)=(1.6±0.6)×108 M−1 s−1, A14=(4.6±0.5)×1014 M−1 s−1; EA,14=(36±10) kJ mol−1; malonate (monoanion): k15(298 K)=(6±1)×107 M−1 s−1, A15=(3.2±0.4)×109 M−1 s−1; EA,15=(11±5) kJ mol−1; succinic acid k18(298 K)=(1.1±0.1)×108 M−1 s−1, A18=(8±1)×109 M−1 s−1; EA,18=(11±6) kJ mol−1 and succinate (dianion): k19(298 K)=(5.0±0.5)×108 M−1 s−1, A19=(5.0±0.4)×1010 M−1 s−1; EA,19=(11±5) kJ mol−1 were determined.
EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN STORED CPDA-1 WHOLE BLOOD

Introduction: When blood is stored in liquid medium, the red cells undergo a series of biochemical and structural changes that have major influences on their viability and function after transfusion. These changes are known as the storage lesion. The aim of this study was to evaluate various biochemical changes in CPDA-1 stored whole blood at 4 0C over a period of 35 days. Material and Methods: The present study was a prospective study carried out in the Department of pathology, S.S Medical College Rewa on 50 healthy voluntary donors who donated blood in the blood bank of SS medical college. Each sample was analysed for following biochemical parameters- serum albumin, Total protein, serum sodium and potassium on day 1,7,14,21,28 and 35. Result: In the present study mean value of potassium increased within the period of 7 days and continued subsequently. Sodium on the contrary slightly reduced. Mean value of serum albumin reduced from 3.72gm/dl on day one to 2.64gm/dl on last day. Total serum protein also show slight reduction. Conclusion: Current evidence shows that metabolic, biochemical, and molecular changes occur during the storage of blood products and that these changes may lead to harmful consequences in the recipient.