Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
a-( A )-Heterocyclic Carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone Inhibitors of Ribonucleoside Diphosphate ReducÃ ase1

The antineoplastic activity and some biochemical effects of 5-ethoxycarbonyloxy-l-formylisoquinoline ihiosemicarbazone, 5-phenoxycarbonyloxy-1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone, and 5-phenoxycarbonyloxy-2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone were compared with those of 1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone to determine whether the 5-substituted derivatives were irreversible inhibitors of ribonucleoside diphosphate reducÃ-ase.All of the compounds tested caused significant prolongation of the survival time of mice bearing Sarcoma 180 ascites cells. 1-Formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone at 1.8 x 10~8 M produced 50%
Granular flow through an orifice: solving the free fall arch paradox

Several theoretical predictions of the mass flow rate of granular flows through outlets are based on the existence of a free fall arch region covering the silo outlet. Early in the nineteenth century, it was suggested that the particles crossing this region lose their kinetic energy and start to fall freely under their own weight. However, there is not conclusive evidence of this hypothetical region. We examined experimentally and numerically the micro-mechanical details of the particle flow through an orifice placed at the bottom of a silo. Remarkably, the contact stress monotonously decreases when the particles approach to the exit and it only vanishes just at the outlet. The behavior of this magnitude was practically independent of the size of orifice indicating that particle deformation is insensible to the size of the aperture. Contrary, the behavior of the kinetic stress puts on evidence that the outlet size controls the propagation of the velocity fluctuations inside the silo. Examining this magnitude, we conclusively argue that indeed there is a well-defined transition region where the particle flow changes its nature. Above this region, the particle motion is completely correlated with the macroscopic flow. Our outcomes clarify why the free fall arch picture has served as an approximation to describe the flow rate in the discharge of silos.
Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Male Breast Cancer1

Cytoplasmic estrogen receptors were detected in 12 of 13 male breast cancer tumors. There was no significant correlation of receptor levels with the age of the patient, size and histolÃ³g ica! grading of the tumor, and stage and nodal involvement of the disease. Nuclear estrogen receptors were found in eight of 10 tumors and six of nine patients had tumors positive for Cytoplasmic progesterone receptors, two of which were also found to contain nuclear progesterone receptors. The presence of Cytoplasmic progesterone receptors, in addition to cytoplasmic and nuclear estrogen receptors, may be indicative of truly hormone-dependent tumors in male breast cancer. Treatment offered to patients included surgery, X-ray therapy, chemo therapy, and orchiectomy, but as yet, no general conclusions of the efficacy of the therapeutic regime can be drawn.
Large matter more on an island: insights from island-mainland comparison of

Endozoochory, a mutualistic interaction between plants and frugivores, is one of the key processes responsible for maintenance of tropical biodiversity. Islands, which have a smaller 19 subset of plants and frugivores when compared with mainland communities, offer an interesting 20 setting to understand the organization of plant-frugivore communities vis-a-vis the mainland 21 sites. We examined the relative influence of functional traits and phylogenetic relationships on 22 the plant-seed disperser interactions on an island and a mainland site. The island site allowed us 23 to investigate the organization of the plant-seed disperser community in the natural absence of 24 key frugivore groups (bulbuls and barbets) of Asian tropics. The endemic Narcondam Hornbill, 25 was the most abundant frugivore on the island and played a central role in the community. 26 Species strength, a measure of relevance of frugivores for plants, of frugivores was positively 27 associated with their abundance. Among plants, figs had the highest species strength and played 28 a central role in the community. Island-mainland comparison revealed that the island plant-seed 29 disperser community was more asymmetric, connected and nested as compared to the mainland 30 community. Neither phylogenetic relationships or functional traits (after controlling for 31 phylogenetic relationships) were able to explain the patterns of interactions between plants and 32 frugivores on the island or the mainland pointing towards the diffused nature of plant-frugivore 33 interactions. The diffused nature is a likely consequence of plasticity in foraging behavior and 34 trait convergence that contribute to governing the interactions between plants and frugivores.
Correlations of DMA Damage and Repair with Nuclear and Chromosomal Damage in HeLa Cells Caused by Methylnitrosamides1

A/-Methyl-/V-nitrosourethan induces breaks or alkali-labile sites in cellular DNA, many if not all of which are repaired rapidly. Other DNA lesions are repaired by an excision process. Hydroxyurea and 1-/S-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine cause an ac cumulation of DNA breaks after W-methyl-N-nitrosourethan treatment, probably by inhibiting the DNA-synthetic (but not the nucleolytic) stage of excision repair. Chromosome damage (fragmentation or attenuation of interphase chromosomes and decondensation and radial rearrangement of metaphase chro mosomes) is present soon after treatment with N-methyl-/V-nitrosourethan and is not reversed during further incubation. It is apparently associated with the longer-lived DNA lesions, probably those which are removed by excision, and is en hanced by incubation with hydroxyurea and 1-/3-D-arabinofu-ranosylcytosine. W-Methyl-W-nitrosourethan also inhibits cel lular protein and DNA synthesis and causes the dispersion of polysomes and the loss of nucleolar structure. N-Methyl-W-nitrosourea is less potent than A/-methyl-N-nitrosourethan in causing DNA or chromosome damage and is less cytotoxic.
Tyrosinase from Penicillium chrysogenum : Characterization and Application in Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution

The tyrosinase of Penicillium chrysogenum strain AUMC 14100 Accession No. MN219732 was purified to homogeneity and chemically modified by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride, DC). The inactivation of the purified enzyme obeyed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics in the presence of NEM and DC (1-5 mM). The rate constants of the enzyme inactivation by NEM and DC were calculated to be 0.083 mol/min and 0.0013 mol/min, respectively. The recovery of enzyme activity by the protective effect of substrate indicates a non-specific modification of the active center. The order of tyrosinase inactivation kinetics and the substrate protection revealed the essentiality of sulfhydryl and lysyl residues in the enzyme active site and its role in the enzyme catalysis. The immobilized tyrosinase on alginate showed a gradual increase in residual activity over the immobilization time until the fourth hour. The desorptivity of tyrosinase was gradually raised with higher sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentrations. The immobilized enzyme retained about 70% of its original activity after 8 repeated cycles. Thus, immobilized tyrosinase of Penicillium chrysogenum removed 75% of phenol after 8 cycles and thus seems likely to be a good candidate for phenol removal in aqueous solution. N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and l-dimethyl aminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride, DC) were performed. The purified enzyme was pre-incubated with various concentrations of NEM and DC at 1-5 mM in 200mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The reaction was performed at 37°C for 0-60 min. The remaining tyrosinase activities were determined in accordance with the determination assay The semi-logarithmic values of tyrosinase obtained by plotting the log value of the half-life time versus the log value of the concentration and the rate constant were calculated.
S UBSTANCES AND THEIR R ELATION TO P ESTICIDE S ORPTION IN E IGHT V OLCANIC OILS

- Pesticide soil sorption is a primary factor that influences the fate of pesticides in the environment, affecting regulation of microbiological and chemical degradation, volatilization and leaching. The main goal of this research was to study the effect of the organic phase of volcanic soils on sorption of agricultural pesticides. Sorption and desorption of eight agricultural pesticides were studied on eight volcanic soils that varied in the fulvic and humic constituents of their organic matter. For all pesticides, sorption was well described by a Freundlich isotherm where 1/n ads values indicated that the sorption mechanism could be mainly explained by physical reactions in all soils. Kf values for carbaryl and flumioxazin were the highest with average values of 7.78 and 7.16 mL g -1 , respectively. By contrast, hexazinone and metsulfuron-methyl had the lowest average Kf: 0.86 and 0.81 mL g -1 , respectively, indicating that they were the least attracted to the soils. The organic fraction of the soil was the main soil factor related to the sorption of all study pesticides. Particularly, humic acid content regulated the sorption between pesticide and soil, especially through the carboxylic groups.
Conventional and Islamic Indices: A Comparison on Performance *

Islamic finance has become an important component of the international financial system. Although the very recent experience of Islamic finance was 40 years ago it is growing by 30% since 2000. Despite the growing interest in Islamic finance and Islamic capital markets, there are a few empirical studies that examine the performance of Islamic equity investing in the literature. As can be seen from the literature, the relations between Islamic and conventional indices vary according to the period and country of study. In some studies, it is suggested that Islamic indices have lower risk and volatility, but also lower return than the conventional indices in the periods of decline. In other studies, exact opposite results were obtained. However, when an overall assessment is made, it is widely regarded that Islamic indices are more stable under bear market conditions and more suitable for portfolio diversification. The purpose of this study is to compare the return performances of Islamic and conventional indices. The paper studies the impact of Sharia s creening on the performance of an index. The paper aims to answer the following question: Do Islamic indexes achieve lower returnlevelswhencomparedt otheir counterparts? Accordingtothefindings of this study and in accordance with most of the literature, there is no significant difference between the returns of Islamic and conventional indices. Also when the mean returns are compared between Islamic indices and their counterparts, it’s been observed that all of the Islamic indices show higher performance than their counterparts.
Water services performance: do operational environment and quality factors count?

Abstract Decision makers must keep in mind that water services have an invaluable ‘price’ for the public budget and society’s welfare. However, due to the specific features of the service, water utilities are prone to inefficiency. Thus, performance evaluation becomes indispensable to face this constraint. Besides the application of the traditional technique of Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate the performance of Portuguese water utilities, this study also implements the robust technique of order-m to assess the influence of operational environment on water utilities’ performance. In spite of several reforms, the Portuguese water sector still reveals significant levels of inefficiency, partially caused by an inappropriate operating scale. Concerning the operational environment, it was possible to observe a positive influence of private sector participation, economies of scope, and groundwater sources on efficiency. The influence of the ‘quality of service provided’ was also studied in this performance analysis.
The multidimensionality of democracy : Institutional patterns and democratic quality : Lijphart ’ s democratic quality thesis revisited

In his seminal work Patterns of Democracy, Arend Lijphart shows that, among other factors, power sharing enhances the quality of democracy. Lijphart’s analysis, however, suffers from a rather unsystematic and arbitrary choice of measures of democratic quality and from an implicit treatment of consensus democracy as a onedimensional concept. Our reanalysis aims at correcting for both. We make use of two new and unique datasets, the Democracy Barometer (DB) and the Consensus Democracy Indicators. Our results suggest that Lijphart is right, yet only in principle. Indeed, overall democratic quality seems to profit from power sharing. However, our findings lead to two important refinements of Lijphart’s democratic quality thesis. First, power sharing does not foster every aspect of the quality of democracy and, even worse, brings about low transparency. Second, the combination of consensus and majoritarian traits appears to matter. In particular, consensus-unitary democracies fare best – particularly if accompanied by consensual traits on the third consensus dimension that was not originally contemplated by Lijphart – and notably better than pure consensus democracies. Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-54827 Conference or Workshop Item Published Version Originally published at: Bühlmann, Marc; Germann, Micha; Vatter, Adrian (2011). The multidimensionality of democracy: Institutional patterns and democratic quality: Lijphart’s democratic quality thesis revisited. In: 1st Annual Conference of the European Political Science Association (EPSA), Dublin, 16 June 2011 18 June 2011.
Saireito (a Chinese Herbal Drug) Decreases Inhib of Prednisolone and Accelerates the Recovery of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

Saireito, a saiko agent (a Chinese herbal drug), increases the synthesis and secretion of ACTH by stimulating hypothalamic CRH release. In the present study, we examined the effect of food containing saireito (1.5%) on the recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after treating male rats with prednisolone (PSL, 200 μM) in drinking water for 14 days. Saireito was administered during and after PSL administration. The rats were decapitated at various times after PSL administration. Tailpinch stress had been applied to some rats. The plasma ACTH response to tail-pinch stress in the PSL + saireito group recovered to the control level on day 1, but that in the group given PSL alone recovered on day 3. The ACTH level in the anterior pituitary and the CRH level in the median eminence of the PSL + saireito group returned to the control level on day 3, and that in the group given PSL alone returned to it on day 5. These results indicate that the administration of saireito reduces the negative feedback effect of PSL on the hypothalamus and pituitary and accelerates the recovery of the hypothalamic CRH and pituitary ACTH level after glucocorticoid treatment.
Attitude, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use towards Intention to Use M-Commerce: A Case of Grocery Shoppers in Kuching, Sarawak

In this digital era, technology has a crucial function in lives of many people. Mobile devices, in particular, have become an important product to many individuals and have been expected to further increase in their usage. The fast expansion of electronic commerce (e-commerce) application and wireless technology in Malaysia has given birth to a new electronic marketing idea known as mobile commerce which also known as mobile commerce (m-commerce) where shopping is enable via mobile. Studies have highlighted the fact that m-commerce is still limited despite it has been increasingly gaining momentum nowadays. The potential of m-commerce to flourish in near the future has been agreed by many scholars. Having said that, this study assessed the impact of Attitudes towards m-commerce on the relationships of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use with intention to use m-commerce. The findings revealed that Attitude is the most influential factor on the intention to use m-commerce for grocery shopping among grocery shoppers in Kuching, Sarawak. Implications and future endeavors are also discussed in this study.
University Institutional

This article proposed a psychological mechanism for improving future work motivation by reflecting on past expe riences. Previous studies have claimed that future motivation is maintained by present self-affirmation and a future ideal, and have overlooked the effect of reflecting on past experiences. Rather, it has been claimed that reflecting on past expe riences leads to overconfidence or anxiety, and impairs future motivation. In contrast, this article points out that people can maintain motivation through (1) imagining clearly their future ideal selves ( setting goals ) , (2) reflecting on past experiences related to the ideal, and (3) acquiring lessons from the past. In a review of previous studies, we examined the process of reflecting on past experiences to improve future motivation. We showed that people with a clear ideal ( goal ) reflected on past experiences related to that ideal, and acquired lessons and mental rewards from the past, thus improving their motivation. A new mechanism for maintaining work motivation by reflecting on past experiences was presented, taking into consideration acquired lessons and mental rewards.
The selfing syndrome and beyond: diverse evolutionary consequences of mating system transitions in plants

The shift from outcrossing to self-fertilization (selfing) is considered one of the most prevalent evolutionary transitions in flowering plants. Selfing species tend to share similar reproductive traits in morphology and function, and such a set of traits is called the ‘selfing syndrome’. Although the genetic basis of the selfing syndrome has been of great interest to evolutionary biologists, knowledge of the causative genes or mutations was limited until recently. Thanks to advances in population genomic methodologies combined with high-throughput sequencing technologies, several studies have successfully unravelled the molecular and genetic basis for evolution of the selfing syndrome in Capsella, Arabidopsis, Solanum and other genera. Here we first introduce recent research examples that have explored the loci, genes and mutations responsible for the selfing syndrome traits, such as reductions in petal size or in pollen production, that are mainly relevant to pre-pollination processes. Second, we review the relationship between the evolution of selfing and interspecific pollen transfer, highlighting the findings of post-pollination reproductive barriers at the molecular level. We then discuss the emerging view of patterns in evolution of the selfing syndrome, such as the pervasive involvement of loss-of-function mutations and the relative importance of selection versus neutral degradation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Genetic basis of adaptation and speciation: from loci to causative mutations’.
Crop Establishment Techniques on Growth Yield and Economics of Rice

The field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Thirupathisaram, Tamil Nadu, India during kharif (June -Sep) and rabi (Oct-Mar) seasons of 2011-12 to study the different crop establishment techniques on growth yield and economics of rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatment structure comprises of wet seeding, drum seeding, random transplanting, line planting, SRI square planting and SRI machine planting. Among the crop establishment techniques, SRI machine planting significantly influenced the growth and yield characters and yield and was on par with SRI square planting. The maximum plant height, number of tillers hil -1 , dry matter production, number of panicles m -2 , number of grains panicle -1 , panicle length, grain yield,
Effects of LH and PGF 2 α in Equine Dominant Follicles Observed by MDS

Microdialysis System (MDS) is a novel technique used for investigation of molecule secretion between different cell popula-tions. Local hormonal secretion at follicular wall has been still unclear. This MDS study was used to determine progesterone (P 4 ), androstenedione (A 4 ), estradiol-17 β (E 2 ) and Prostaglandin F 2 α (PGF 2 α ) release in mare pre-ovulatory follicles. Follicles larger than 30 mm were isolated from the ovary and follicular fluid aspirated for hormone assay. Follicular fluid collected from small, middle and large follicles were analyzed by EIA. The concentrations of P 4 and PGF 2 α were similar among the different sizes of follicles. The release of A 4 was observed in middle and large follicles. E 2 concentration was observed in middle follicles and was higher in large follicles compared with middle follicles. Follicular wall was cut and incubated for MDS and when LH was infused, there was an increase in P4 and A 4 release. PGF 2 α release was considerably high after LH infusion compared to the control group. Infusion of PGF 2 α increased P 4 and A 4 release but there was no change in E 2 release. This results suggest that in pre-ovulatory follicles, LH stimulates theca interna cells and also PGF 2 α seemed to have a mediator role to induce steroid hormone production and luteinization of follicular cells. The nature of the mechanisms involved in selection of large follicles is still a perplexing research problem in reproduction. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(2): 119(cid:150)122, 2002
North Atlantic Oscillation response to the Madden–Julian Oscillation in a coupled climate model

ing and Indexing Weather is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: CAB Abstracts® (CABI), Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA/CIG), CSA Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database (CSA/CIG), GEOBASE/ Geographical & Geological Abstracts (Elsevier), Science Citation Index Expanded (also known as SciSearch®) (Thomson ISI), Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition (Thomson ISI), Current
Dynamic Epicardial Contribution to Cardiac Interstitial c-Kit and Sca1 Cellular Fractions

Background: The cardiac interstitial cellular fraction is composed of multiple cell types. Some of these cells are known to express some well-known stem cell markers such as c-Kit and Sca1, but they are no longer accepted to be true cardiac stem cells. Although their existence in the cardiac interstitium has not been disputed, their dynamic throughout development, specific embryonic origin, and potential heterogeneity remain unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that both c-KitPOS and Sca1POS cardiac interstitial cell (CIC) subpopulations are related to the Wilms’ tumor 1 (Wt1) epicardial lineage. Methods: In this study, we have used genetic cell lineage tracing methods, immunohistochemistry, and FACS techniques to characterize cardiac c-KitPOS and Sca1POS cells. Results: Our data show that approximately 50% of cardiac c-KitPOS cells are derived from the Wt1-lineage at E15.5. This subpopulation decreased along with embryonic development, disappearing from P7 onwards. We found that a large proportion of cardiac c-KitPOS cells express specific markers strongly suggesting they are blood-borne cells. On the contrary, the percentage of Sca1POS cells within the Wt1-lineage increases postnatally. In accordance with these findings, 90% of adult epicardial-derived endothelial cells and 60% of mEFSK4POS cardiac fibroblasts expressed Sca1. Conclusion: Our study revealed a minor contribution of the Wt1-epicardial lineage to c-KitPOS CIC from embryonic stages to adulthood. Remarkably, a major part of the adult epicardial-derived cell fraction is enriched in Sca1, suggesting that this subpopulation of CICs is heterogeneous from their embryonic origin. The study of this heterogeneity can be instrumental to the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests for the evaluation of cardiac homeostasis and cardiac interstitium response to pathologic stimuli.