Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulated gastrointestinal digestion and storage stability of tomato waste encapsulates

The application of bioactive antioxidant compounds is limited because of their instability. To overcome this drawback, different protection systems including encapsulation have been developed. In this study, for the stabilisation of bioactive compounds (carotenoids and phenolics) extracted from tomato waste, encapsulation with carbohydrate (inulin and gum arabica) and protein (soy protein and pea protein) wall materials by freeze drying method was applied. Content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties (determined by DPPH, reducing power and ? -carotene bleaching assay) of encapsulates before and after in vitro digestion was investigated. Also, in obtained encapsulates carotenoid stability during storage at ambient (25 ? 5 ? C) light and dark conditions for four weeks was assessed. The results indicated that release behavior of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity after digestion of encapsulates varied according to the type of wall material. Protein carriers showed better ability to preserve phenolic compounds through in vitro gastrointestinal digestion in comparison to carbohydrate wall materials. Pea protein showed best carrier properties for delivery of carotenoids, while differently to other used carriers, gum arabica showed minor ability to release carotenoids after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. During storage higher content of carotenoids was preserved in encapsulates prepared with carbohydrate carriers. All encapsulates retained higher amount of carotenoids under dark conditions. The results of this study showed that assessment of the behavior of encapsulates during digestion and storage is necessary in order of selection appropriate delivery system of bioactive compounds in powder form which can be used as ingredient in functional food products.
Geometry and Material Properties of Vocal Fold Models

Geometry and Material Properties of Vocal Fold Models Kimberly Ann Stevens Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science Voiced communication plays a fundamental role in society. Voice research seeks to improve understanding of the fundamental physics governing voice production, with the eventual goal of improving methods to diagnose and treat voice disorders. For this thesis, three different aspects of voice production research were studied. First, porcine vocal fold medial surface geometry was determined, and the three-dimensional geometric distortion induced by freezing the larynx, especially in the region of the vocal folds, was quantified. It was found that porcine vocal folds are qualitatively geometrically similar to canine and human vocal folds, as well as commonly used models, and that freezing of tissue in the larynx causes distortion of around 5%. Second, a setup of multiple high-resolution cameras and a stereo-endoscopy system simultaneously recorded positions on the superior surface of synthetic, self-oscillating vocal fold models to estimate the error in the measurement of the three-dimensional location by the stereo-endoscopy system. The error was found to be low in the transverse plane, whereas the error was relatively large in the inferior-superior direction, suggesting that the stereo-endoscope is applicable for in vivo measurements of absolute distances of the glottis in the transverse plane such as glottal length, width, and area. Third, a function for strain-varying Poisson’s ratio for silicone was developed from experimental data. It is anticipated that the findings herein can aid voice researchers as they study voice production, leading to improved voice care.
The SDK4ED Approach to Software Quality Optimization and Interplay Calculation

—While necessary for the successful embedded software development and maintenance, software quality optimization is a complex activity with immense issues. Various design and run-time qualities should be continuously monitored and optimized during the whole Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Moreover, embedded software engineers and developers need to manage complex interdependences, and inherent trade-offs between design and run-time qualities. The paper presents an innovative approach and integrated platform to resolve these complexities. The proposed approach is a result of the European research project SDK4ED (Software Development Toolkit for Energy Optimization and Technical Debt Elimination). The paper identiﬁes existing challenges in the domain of embedded software quality optimization and points at the beneﬁts of the new approach.
Pathways in Specific Cell Types to Promote Inflammation B k TLR7 and TLR8 Differentially Activate the IRF and NF-Przetak,

TLR7 and TLR8 are pattern recognition receptors that reside in the endosome and are activated by ssRNA molecules. TLR7 and TLR8 are normally part of the antiviral defense response, but they have also been implicated as drivers of autoimmune diseases such as lupus. The receptors have slightly different ligand-binding specificities and cellular expression patterns that suggest they have nonredundant specialized roles. How the roles of TLR7 and TLR8 differ may be determined by which cell types express each TLR and how the cells respond to activation of each receptor. To provide a better understanding of the effects of TLR7/8 activation, we have characterized changes induced by TLR-specific agonists in different human immune cell types and defined which responses are a direct consequence of TLR7 or TLR8 activation and which are secondary responses driven by type I IFN or cytokines produced subsequent to the primary response. Using cell sorting, gene expression analysis, and intracellular cytokine staining, we have found that the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) and NF- k B pathways are differentially activated downstream of the TLRs in various cell types. Studies with an anti-IFNAR Ab in human cells and lupus mice showed that inhibiting IFN activity can block secondary IFN-induced gene expression changes downstream of TLR7/8 activation, but not NF- k B – regulated genes induced directly by TLR7/8 activation at earlier timepoints. In summary, these results elucidate the different roles TLR7 and TLR8 play in immunity and inform strategies for potential treatment of autoimmune diseases driven by TLR7/8 activation. ImmunoHorizons , 2020, 4: 93 – 107.
Distributional eﬀects of public investment when capital is back

We study the impact of heterogeneity in saving behavior and income sources on the distributional eﬀects of public investment. A capital tax is levied to ﬁnance productive public capital in an economy with two types of households: high income households who save dynastically and middle income households who save for retirement. We ﬁnd that inequality is reduced the higher the capital tax rate is and that low tax rates are Pareto-improving. There is thus no clear-cut trade-oﬀ between eﬃciency and equality: middle income households’ consumption is maximal at a higher capital tax rate than high income households’ consumption.
The Joint Spectral Radius: Theory and Applications

The first part of this monograph is dedicated to theoretical results. The first two chapters present the above mentioned survey on the joint spectral radius. Its minimum growth counterpart, the joint spectral subradius, is also considered. The next two chapters point out two specific theoretical topics, that are important in practical applications: the particular case of nonnegative matrices, and the Finiteness Property. The second part considers applications involving the joint spectral radius. The author first presents the continuity of wavelet. He then studies the problem of the capacity of codes submitted to forbidden difference constraints. The notion of overlap-free words is then discussed, a problem that arises in combinatorics on words. The book then ends with the problem of trackability of sensor networks, and shows how the theoretical results developed in the first part allow to solve this problem efficiently.
NSS_A_297872 141..152

1Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; 2Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Purpose: Sleep, both overnight and daytime naps, can facilitate the consolidation of declarative memories in healthy humans. However, it is unclear whether such beneficial effects of sleep occur in special populations, such as individuals with elevated neuropsychiatric symptoms, and if they apply to clinically relevant material that may have personal significance to those populations. Methods: We examined memory retention over a 60-minute interval of wakefulness or nap opportunity in participants with low or elevated scores (≤13 and ≥21, respectively) on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Memory for depression-related information was assessed by (a) free-recall of a video depicting a personal experience narrative of the impact of depression on cognition and workplace performance; and (b) a paired-associates task linking depression-related cognitive symptoms to appropriate coping strategies. Results: The results showed no overall difference in recall between the nap and waking condition. However, across the full sample of participants, there were significant positive correlations between total sleep time and paired associates recall, and slow wave sleep (SWS) percentage and story free recall performance. Unexpectedly, participants with elevated BDI-II scores exhibited better freerecall performance compared to those with low scores. Conclusion: These results suggest that sleep, specifically SWS, may stabilize memories for clinically relevant information in populations with low and elevated depressive symptoms. The superior recall in participants with elevated-BDI scores may be related to the personal significance and stronger encoding of depression-related information. These observations raise the possibility that mnemonic deficits in depressed patients may be, at least in part, related to the type of information used to assess memory performance.
CLEP_A_304155 373..382

Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center HamburgEppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany Background: Most epidemiological data on vitiligo refer to selected environments or focus on the prevalence of comorbidity unrelated to the population. Objective: Aim of the study was to gain robust representative prevalence data on vitiligo and on associated dermatologic comorbidity in the German adult population. Methods: A dual population-based approach was applied with 1) primary data obtained between 2004 and 2014 from dermatological exams in the general working population; 2) claims data from a large German statutory health insurance, reference year 2010. Results: In the working cohort (N = 121,783; 57% male; mean age 43 years), the prevalence of vitiligo was 0.77% (0.84% in men; 0.67% in women). In the claims data (N = 1,619,678; 38% male; mean age 46 years), prevalence was 0.17% (0.14% in men; 0.18% in women). In the working cohort, vitiligo was significantly more common in people with fair skin type, ephelides and port-wine stains and less common in people with acne and solar lentigines. In the claims data, vitiligo was associated with a variety of skin conditions, eg, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and alopecia areata. Conclusion: The resulting discrepancy of claims vs primary data between 0.17% and 0.77% indicates the most probable spectrum of vitiligo prevalence in Germany. It is more frequently observed in clinical exams than recorded in claims data, indicating a marked proportion of people seeking no medical help. Such nonattendance may result from the fact that many treatment options do not provide satisfying benefits to the patients.
A Combinatorial Proof of the Kontsevich-Zorich-Boissy Classification of Rauzy Classes

Rauzy Classes and Extended Rauzy Classes are equivalence classes of permutations that arise when studying Interval Exchange Transformations. In 2003, Kontsevich and Zorich classified Extended Rauzy Classes by using data from Translation Surfaces, which are associated to IET's thanks to the Zippered Rectangle Construction of Veech from 1982. In 2009, Boissy finalized the classification of Rauzy Classes also using information from Translation Surfaces. We present in this paper specialized moves in (Extended) Rauzy Classes that allows us to prove the sufficiency and necessity in the previous classification theorems. These results provide a complete, and purely combinatorial, proof of these known results. We end with some general statements about our constructed move.
ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM Erasmus School of Economics MSc thesis program Behavioural Economics The influence of an irrelevant context on dictators in a dictator game. Name student: L

of Abstract In this study it is estimated if a third irrelevant player has an influence on the decision a dictator makes in a dictator game. In literature it is found that a different context, such as including a third player, can influence the decisions people make. However, it has not been studied yet if this is also the case when the third player has no direct influence on the decisions. In this study, a normal dictator game is played, in which the dictator divides 100 euros between him/herself and the receiver. Within this dictator game a third player is added. This third player has no direct influence on the endowments of the dictator and the receiver. There are four treatments, with different endowments for player C in every treatment, namely 0, 25, 75 and 100 euros. For this study, a between-subjects design is used with in total 159 respondents. The results are estimated with a Kruskall Wallis-test, a one sample t-test and some multiple linear regressions. The results show no effect of the treatment on the payoff of player A. Although overall, the dictators in this experiment pass more money towards the receiver, compared to the standard two-person dictator game. A possible explanation for this could be the inclusion of an irrelevant third player. However, an alternative explanation could be the that the different behaviour of the respondents is caused by the hypothetical design of this experiment. As it is not yet evident what causes the influence, further research is necessary.
Manipulating Quantum Structures Using Laser Pulses

1. Introduction 2. Atoms as structured particles 3. Radiation 4. The laser-atom interaction 5. Picturing quantum structure and changes 6. Incoherence: rate equations 7. Coherence: the Schrodinger equation 8. Two-state coherent excitation 9. Weak pulse: perturbation theory 10. The vector model 11. Sequential pulses 12. Degeneracy 13. Three states 14. Raman processes 15. Multilevel excitation 16. Averages and the statistical matrix (density matrix) 17. Preparing superpositions 18. Measuring superpositions 19. Overall phase, interferometry and cyclic dynamics 20. Atoms affecting fields 21. Atoms in cavities 22. Control and optimization Appendices References Index.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ON JOB SATISFACTION (Study at the Government Agencies in West Bandung Regency)

This research was conducted to determine the effect of professional competence and affective commitment on employee job satisfaction. This research was conducted at one of the official offices in West Bandung Regency, where the method used was descriptive and verification methods, with 71 respondents. The data analysis technique used was the path analysis technique to determine the effect of both direct and indirect independent variables. Based on the results of the study shows that professional competence is in the relatively good category. Affective commitment is in the good enough category. Moreover, employee job satisfaction is in the reasonably good category. Based on statistical data processing, it appears that the total professional competence variable has an effect of 24.7%. The total effect of the affective commitment variable is 40.1%. The variables of professional competence and affective commitment to job satisfaction were 64.8%. Meanwhile, other factors that were not studied and contributed to job satisfaction shown by the value of Pyε = 0, 35.2, or 35.2%. Professional competence and affective commitment affect job satisfaction. This result shows that the higher the professional competence of employees and the increase in employee affective commitment, the higher the employee job satisfaction. Other variables affect employee satisfaction, such as motivation, compensation, organizational culture, and other factors not included in this study.
Material Requirements Planning Performance Improvement due to Safety Stock Relaxation

—Material Requirement Planning (MRP) is a broadly applied production planning method. One problem reported by practitioners and identified in research is that capacity constraints are not included in the planning algorithm. In this paper, the implementation of a simple capacity balancing function into the MRP run by allowing to temporarily relax the safety stock is investigated. Since such a safety stock relaxation method can be implemented in different ways, three specific implementations are developed and tested in a simulation study. For a simple production system structure with uncertainties in processing and customer demand, the performance improvement of the different safety stock relaxation methods is tested when a rolling horizon MRP planning is applied. A detailed analysis of planning parameter effects is presented and a broad set of scenarios provides further insights in the performance of the developed methods. In general, all three methods reveal a significant potential of improvement in comparison to MRP. Managerial insights are that too low production lot sizes and too low safety stocks should be avoided and the interaction between these two planning parameters cannot be neglected. Furthermore, very high and very low production system utilization reduce the improvement potential.
Gravitational wave signatures of ab initio two-dimensional core collapse supernova explosion models for 12 – 25 M ⊙ stars

Here, we present the gravitational waveforms computed in ab initio two-dimensional core collapse supernova models evolved with the chimera code for progenitor masses between 12 and 25 M. For all models employ multifrequency neutrino transport in the ray-by-ray approximation, state-of-the-art weak interaction physics, relativistic transport corrections such as the gravitational redshift of neutrinos, two-dimensional hydrodynamics with the commensurate relativistic corrections, Newtonian self-gravity with a general-relativistic monopole correction, and the Lattimer-Swesty equation of state with 220 MeV compressibility, and begin with the most recent Woosley-Heger nonrotating progenitors in this mass range. All of our models exhibit robust explosions. Moreover, our waveforms capture all stages of supernova development: 1) a relatively short and weak prompt signal, 2) a quiescent stage, 3) a strong signal due to convection and standing accretion shock instability activity, 4) termination of active accretion onto the proto-neutron star, and 5) a slowly increasing tail that reaches a saturation value. Fourier decomposition shows that the gravitational wave signals we predict should be observable by AdvLIGO for Galactic events across the range of progenitors considered here. The fundamental limitation of these models is in their imposition of axisymmetry. Further progress will require counterpart three-dimensional models, which are underway.
Identifying potential candidate Culicoides spp. for the study of interactions with Candidatus Cardinium hertigii

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are vectors responsible for the transmission of several viruses of veterinary importance. Previous screens of Culicoides have described the presence of the endosymbiont Candidatus Cardinium hertigii (Bacteroidetes). However, any impacts of this microbe on vectorial capacity, akin to those conferred by Wolbachia in mosquitoes, are yet to be uncovered and await a suitable system to study Cardinium‐midge interactions. To identify potential candidate species to investigate these interactions, accurate knowledge of the distribution of the endosymbiont within Culicoides populations is needed. We used conventional and nested PCR assays to screen Cardinium infection in 337 individuals of 25 Culicoides species from both Palearctic and Afrotropical regions. Infections were observed in several vector species including C. imicola and the Pulicaris complex (C. pulicaris, C. bysta, C. newsteadi and C. punctatus) with varying prevalence. Phylogenetic analysis based on the Gyrase B gene grouped all new isolates within ‘group C’ of the genus, a clade that has to date been exclusively described in Culicoides. Through a comparison of our results with previous screens, we suggest C. imicola and C. sonorensis represent good candidates for onward study of Cardinium‐midge interactions.
Analysis of ABC transporter expression in drug-selected cell lines by a microarray dedicated to multidrug resistance

The discovery of the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), an ATP-binding cassette transporter able to transport many anticancer drugs, represents a clinically relevant breakthrough in multidrug resistance. Although the overexpression of ABC transporters such as P-gp/ ABCB1, MRP1/ABCC1 or MXR/ABCG2 appears to be a major cause of failure in the treatment of cancer, acquired resistance to multiple anticancer drugs may also be multifactorial, involving alteration of detoxification processes, apoptosis, DNA repair, drug uptake, and overexpression of further ABC transporters. We created a microarray platform to evaluate relative levels of transcriptional activation among genes involved in various mechanisms of resistance. In the ABC-ToxChip, a comprehensive set of genes important in toxicological responses (2,200 cDNA probes together with ~18,000 oligonucleotide probes) are complemented with probes specifically matching ABC transporters as well as oligos representing 18,000 unique human genes. By comparing the transcriptional profiles of KB-3-1 and DU-145 cells to resistant derivatives selected in colchicine (KB-8-5), and 9-nitro-camptothecin (RCO.1), respectively, we demonstrate that ABC transporters (ABCB1/MDR1 and ABCC2/MRP2, respectively) show dramatic overexpression, whereas the glutathione S-transferase gene (GST-Pi) shows the strongest decrease among the 20,000 genes studied. The results were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. These results suggest that custom-made, dedicated microarrays will be helpful to elucidate mechanisms leading to anticancer drug resistance.
Antiviral Antibodies Are Necessary for Control of Simian Immunodeﬁciency Virus Replication (cid:1)

To better deﬁne the role of B cells in the control of pathogenic simian immunodeﬁciency virus (SIV) replication, six rhesus monkeys were depleted of B cells by intravenous infusion of rituximab (anti-CD20) 28 days and 7 days before intravaginal SIVmac239 inoculation and every 21 days thereafter until AIDS developed. Although the blood and tissues were similarly depleted of B cells, anti-SIV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses were completely blocked in only three of the six animals. In all six animals, levels of viral RNA (vRNA) in plasma peaked at 2 weeks and declined by 4 weeks postinoculation (PI). However, the three animals prevented from making an anti-SIV antibody response had signiﬁcantly higher plasma vRNA levels through 12 weeks PI ( P (cid:1) 0.012). The remaining three B-cell-depleted animals made moderate anti-SIV IgG antibody responses, maintained moderate plasma SIV loads, and showed an expected rate of disease progression,