Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
4.0. Cephalo-caudal V transverse expansion during caesarean section: Systematic

https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2022. 5.2. 0069 Abstract Caesarean section is the most common surgical operation worldwide. Haemorrhage is the most common complication of this procedure. One of the methods to decrease blood loss is the blunt expansion of the caesarean incision whenever needed. The aim of this review is to compare the evidence for cephalo-caudal versus transverse expansion during caesarean section. Medline, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.Gov, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar database were searched for eligible clinical trials with no language restrictions. 6 clinical trials were included published between 2008 and 2019. There was a moderate risk of bias due to absence of allocation concealment in most of the trials. Cephalic-caudal expansion less associated with unintended incision extension (RR 0.62; 95%CI 0.45 - 0.86), less uterine artery injury (RR 0.55; 95%CI 0.41 - 0.73), less need for additional suture placement (RR 0.62; 95%CI 0.31 - 4.12) and less transfusion rates (RR 0.75; 95%CI 0.28 - 2.03). Thus, this review found that cephalic-caudal expansion is far safer than transverse expansion. Accordingly, this review supports the use of cephalic- caudal expansion whenever needed during caesarean
RELIGION AND BODYWEIGHT: ARE THERE VARIATIONS BY AFFILIATION? *

Despite evidence of the salutary effects of religion on physical health, relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of religiosity on the risk of obesity. Our study examines this relationship with specific attention to the influence of Mormon (Latter-day Saint or LDS) affiliation and attendance on body weight. Latter-day Saints make an interesting test case because LDS proscriptions against alcohol, tobacco, and tea/coffee use could lead to either (1) reduced risks of overweight and obesity by reinforcing a broader constellation of healthful dietary practices (what we call a “generalized positive health disposition”) or (2) greater risks of overweight and obesity by promoting culturally approved unhealthful behaviors (e.g., overeating) that are substituted for religiously proscribed substance use (what we call “compensatory consumption”). Using a sample of Mormons and non-Mormons in Utah, we find that (1) Mormons exhibit a higher risk of overweight and obesity than their non-Mormon peers, (2) the effects of Mormonism on bodyweight vary by demographic characteristics, (3) religious service attendance more consistently attenuates the risk of overweight and obesity for non-Mormons while producing this effect only sporadically for Mormons (e.g., young women), and (4) smoking and drinking do not significantly affect Mormons’ bodyweight but do affect that of non-Mormons. These findings evince context-specific support for both forms of health habits (generalized positive health disposition, compensatory consumption), and underscore the importance of tracing physical health outcomes to particular forms of religiosity.
Do Collective Operating Construction Land (COCL) Transactions Inhibit Land Fiscal Revenue? Evidence from Deqing County, China

China’s local governments monopoly land market, and the land revenues account for a large proportion of the local government fiscal revenues. In 2015, collectively-owned operating construction land (COCL) entering the market was piloted across China, which is an institutional reform that provides rural collectives with transfer rights of COCL. Taking Huzhou City as an example, this paper first discusses the COCL transaction and its disintegration of government monopoly in land supply. Using the panel data of 3644 pieces of industrial land transactions from 2010 to 2019, we investigated and examined the impact of COCL reform on government land fiscal revenue with Spatial difference-in-difference (SDID) method. The results show that: (1) The policy of COCL entering the market has a significant effect on county-level government industrial land fiscal revenue. (2) As the COCL is scattered and its mortgage rights remain constrained, COCL fails to compete with state-owned industrial land and COCL transactions have no significant impact on the total leasing-area of state-owned industrial land. (3) While COCL entering the market contributing to industrial agglomeration, significantly increase the price of state-owned industrial land. This study provides an evidence that COCL reform fails to restrain the local government’s land fiscal revenue, and contributes to industrial development in rural China. Policy implications are drawn from this analysis, for the further reform of China’s rural land marketization.
REDUCING EARNINGS MANAGEMENT THROUGH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISM: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA

The study investigates whether earnings management can be reduced through corporate governance mechanism. Ownership concentration, board size, audit committee, CEO Duality were used to proxy corporate governance while total accruals was used to measure earnings management. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The result revealed that: Board size has significant negative relationship with earnings management. Ownership concentration has insignificant positive relationship with earnings management. Audit committee positive but insignificant effect on earnings management. CEO duality has a negative effect on earnings management and it is statistically significant. It is recommended that the composition of audit committee should be clearly spelt out to enable them perform their oversight functions effectively. Also, diverse ownership is recommended unlike concentrated ownership in order to reduce earnings management in Nigeria Manufacturing firms. This will go a long way in bringing the economy out of the current recession.
Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Patients Infected with Novel Corona Virus 2019 in Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohamed Memorial Hospital

: On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization announced a new name for the epidemic disease caused by 2019-nCoV. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the third severe outbreak of a member of the corona vioridae family that has occurred during the past 20 years. The corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome. Corona virus is an envelope and single-stranded ribonucleic acid named for its solar corona-like appearance due to 9–12-nm-long surface spikes. Frontline workers including the health care workers were at increased risk of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current management of COVID-19 is supportive, and respiratory failure from acute respiratory distress syndrome is the leading cause of mortality. The purpose of this study will be to assess clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients infected with novel corona virus. This study was applied health institution based quantitative studies with descriptive and analytic components to address its specific objectives. Target population for this study will be all confirmed COVID-19 patients who are treatedat Nigist Eleni Mohamed memorial hospital. All confirmed covid 19 patients who were admitted at the treatment center of Nigist Eleni hospital was included in this study. Result: Three fourth (75%) of the COVID-19 patients admitted to Wachemo university Nigist Eleni hospital was male, followed by older aged patients greater than 65 (22.5%). More than half of the patients were admitted in March and April (59.2%). Two patients out of 120 were pregnant. In March and April there are the highest number of patients admitted to the covid centre.Forty-three percent of the patients is having one or more comorbidities. From the patients having comorbidities 25 (50%) patients were hypertensive followed by diabetes mellitus 21 (40%).
INFLUENCE OF PROJECT COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT ON SUCCESS OF DIGITAL LITERACY PROGRAMME IN WESTERN KENYA

Cases of project failure and poor management practices continue to be reported despite many studies having been done highlighting areas that have been weighed and found wanting. The study focused on assessing whether project communication management influences success of Digital Literacy Programme in Western Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey, correlational and cross-sectional survey design. The study population comprised of 31,460 members of Board of Management under Ministry of Education in Western Kenya counties of Kakamega, Bungoma, Busia and Vihiga. Stratified random sampling design was used to select 380 respondents from the four counties. Primary data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 20. The composite mean for communication management of the public primary schools’ board of management in Western Kenya was 3.7480 and standard deviation of 0.84520. This is an indication that the board of management agreed that there was communication management in public primary schools. Communication management and project success of Digital Literacy Programme had a correlation of r= 0.345 with a p-value = 0.000<0.05 indicating that there was a statistically significant moderate positive relationship between the variables. The R-squared value for the study was 0.119 which indicates that 11.9% of the variability in the success of digital literacy program could be accounted for by communication management. The ANOVA results was: F (1, 347) =46.937, P = 0.000< 0.05, indicating that Project Communication Management influenced the Success of Digital Literacy Programme in Western Kenya. The study concluded that communication management practice is important for the success of Digital Literacy Programme in public primary schools; the study therefore recommends the continuous application of communication management practices by board of management in public primary schools to enhance the success of projects.
STUDY ON OCCURRENCE OF CATARACT IN DOGS

: A study was conducted on the occurrence of cataract in dogs presented to the Veterinary College Hospital, Hebbal, Bangalore was undertaken for a period of two years from November 2016 to October 2018. The total numbers of dogs presented were 20546. Out of these, the dogs with cataract were 57 (0.28%). Breed-wise prevalence of cataract was highest i.e., twenty three in Labrador retriever (40.36%). With regard to the age group, the highest incidence of cataract (26.31%) was seen in 9–11 years of age group. The average age of dogs with cataract was 7.38 years. The incidence rate was comparatively high in males (56.14%) than females (43.86%).
Mice b Impaired Antibody Responses in H-2A

In murine in vivo systems, Ags administered in physiologic solutions together with speciﬁc IgE induce a signiﬁcantly higher Ab response than Ags administered alone. In vitro, IgE in complex with Ag enhances B cell-mediated presentation of the Ag to T cells. Both phenomena require an intact low afﬁnity receptor for IgE (Fc e RII/CD23), suggesting that the effect on in vivo Ab responses is caused by increased Ag presentation. We here show that mice carrying the MHC class II A b molecule (e.g., C57BL/6 and 129/Sv) do not produce Abs to BSA when immunized with BSA-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) in complex with monoclonal IgE anti-TNP. In contrast, strains of all other MHC haplotypes tested (H-2 d , H-2 k , H-2 p , H-2 q , and H-2 s ) respond vigorously to IgE/BSA-TNP complexes, with Ab responses several hundred-fold higher than the responses in H-2 b mice. C57BL/6 mice were unable to produce a carrier-speciﬁc response also after immunization with IgE/OVA-TNP, IgE/diphtheria toxoid-TNP, or IgE/tetanus toxoid-TNP. Although the low responsiveness mapped to the A b region, responsiveness was not restored in C57BL/6 mice carrying transgenic A k , suggesting that a nonclassical A-region-encoded gene product is involved. Most importantly, our data call attention to the fact that the C57BL/6 and 129 mouse strains, which are widely used for producing transgenic animals, have defective immune responses. Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 1765–1771.
Cross-section Analysis of Options Returns and Volatility in Chinese Market

: Through comparisons of implied volatility and historical volatility of 50ETF options in Chinese option market, we find some options were mispriced when applying Black Scholes model. Therefore, we construct an options trading strategy that longing options with positive RI (historical volatility – implied volatility) and shorting options with negative RI. The empirical results indicate the cumulative return of strategy during sample period is almost 400 times higher than that of 50ETF fund and is robust to subsample tests.
BOLD signal in both ipsilateral and contralateral retinotopic cortex with perceptual fading

Under conditions of visual fixation, perceptual fading occurs when a stationary object, though present in the world and continually casting light upon the retina, vanishes from visual consciousness. The neural correlates of the consciousness of such an object will presumably modulate in activity with the onset and cessation of perceptual fading. Method: In order to localize the neural correlates of perceptual fading, a green disk that had been individually set to be equiluminant with the orange background, was presented in one of the four visual quadrants; Subjects indicated with a button press whether or not the disk was subjectively visible as it perceptually faded in and out. Results: Blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal in V1 and ventral retinotopic areas V2v and V3v decreases when the disk subjectively disappears, and increases when it subjectively reappears. This effect occurs in early visual areas both ipsilaterally and contralaterally to the fading figure. That is, it occurs regardless of whether the fading stimulus is presented inside or outside of the corresponding portion of visual field. In addition, we find that the microsaccade rate rises before and after perceptual transitions from not seeing to seeing the disk, and decreases before perceptual transitions from seeing to not seeing the disk. These BOLD signal changes could be driven by a global process that operates across contralateral and ipsilateral visual cortex or by a confounding factor, such as microsaccade rate.
The impact of microwave treatment on the chemical properties of sewerage sludge

: Due to urbanization, the population in the major cities in Malaysia is approximately 72.8% of its total population. The increase of population density has directly increased the amount of sewerage sludge waste that poses threat to the environment. In line with the green initiatives, alternative method to develop good quality concrete material from sewerage sludge waste can be further explored. Traditionally, sewerage sludge waste is processed using incinerator that require high energy and it is time consuming. In this study, microwave heating which require less energy consumption and less time consuming is used for sewerage sludge preparation. Prior to heating process, sewerage sludge waste is over dried at 105 ◦ C for 24 hours. Three types of microwave heating namely medium heating, medium high heating and high heating has been used. The chemical and physical properties microwaved sewerage sludge ash (MSSA) was tested using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diﬀraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on the result, the recommended temperature for the MSSA production for the concrete is High Mode Temperature. This is due to the result of MSSA for X-Ray Fluorescent test as its shows the highest in the content for pozzolanic element which are SiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 that produce after the microwave burning process. The mineralogical composition and the crystalline phase of the High temperature MSSA due to X-Ray Diﬀraction test also shows high content of SiO 2 as the major component as it is good for pozzolanic reaction in concrete. From the Scanning ElectronMicroscopetest,itisobservedthatparticleofHighheatedMSSAareslightlysmallerthanothertemperature.Also,thedensiﬁcationoccursatHightemperatureMSSA. Hence,theoptimalburningtemperaturemodeforMSSAisHighModetemperature.
Characteristics of Pituitary Adenomas at Jordan University Hospital: An 18-year single center experience

Background: Pituitary adenomas comprise about 10-15% of the total brain tumors and are mostly benign. Many of them are incidentally found, others present with a wide variety of symptoms and different sizes. Aim & Objectives: In this study, we aim to report the characteristics (age, gender, size, functionality) of pituitary adenomas at our institution during the last eighteen years Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review at Jordan university hospital (JUH) over the period of 2001 to 2019 for all patients with diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. A total of 323 patients were included in this study. All data regarding age, gender, size, radiological reports and clinical presentation were collected from electronic files and archives. Results: The mean age was 37.43 (±15.52) years. There were 104 (32.2%) male and 219 (67.8%) female. One hundred and sixty patients (49.6%) had microadenomas, 163 (50.4%) had macroadenomas. One hundred thirty patients (40.3%) were diagnosed to have functioning pituitary adenomas. Conclusion: Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors with variable characteristics in different cohorts. Further studies should be encouraged in different hospitals across Jordan to establish a database for pituitary adenomas in Jordan.
Adoption Behavior of Rural Youth towards Dairy Farming Practices

This study was conducted in Dholpur district of Rajasthan to assess adoption behavior of rural youth involved in dairy farming practices. Data was collected from 120 respondents belonging to five blocks of Dholpur district with the help of structured interview schedule to study improved animal husbandry practices. Findings revealed that majority of respondents (52.50%) were having medium level of adoption, whereas 25.83% had low level and 21.67 % had high level of adoption for various animal husbandry practices. High level of adoption was observed in feeding (54.14%) followed by breeding (38.43%), disease control & health care practices (36.79%), management (36.77%) and housing practices (34.08%) while lower level of adoption was seen in milking (24.05%). The lower level of adoption in milking and housing practices reveals regular and continuous training and awareness programmes regarding animal health care and management practices in order to enhance level of adoption for various animal husbandry practices, so that sustainable livelihood security of livestock owners can be attained.
Effect of Compensation, Work Environment, and Teamwork on Employee Loyalty of PT Agung Berkat Bintatar Abadi

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that compensation (X1), work environment (X2), and teamwork (X3) had on employee loyalty (Y) at PT Agung Berkat Bintatar Abadi. The population for this study comprised all 78 workers of PT Agung Berkat Bintatar Abadi. The sample size was calculated to be 78 respondents. This study took place in 2022. This study analyzed quantitative data using SPSS multiple linear regression models. The findings indicated that salary, work environment, and teamwork all had a favorable and substantial influence on PT Agung Berkat Bintatar Abadi's employee loyalty, both partly and concurrently. Compensation was the most influential factor in determining employee loyalty. Employee loyalty can be attributed to compensation, work environment, and teamwork 95.6 percent of the time, with the remainder attributed to other factors. Employee loyalty was inversely related to salary, work environment, and teamwork.
Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents

Contrastive models like CLIP have been shown to learn robust representations of images that capture both semantics and style. To leverage these representations for image generation, we propose a two-stage model: a prior that generates a CLIP image embedding given a text caption, and a decoder that generates an image conditioned on the image embedding. We show that explicitly generating image representations improves image diversity with minimal loss in photorealism and caption similarity. Our decoders conditioned on image representations can also produce variations of an image that preserve both its semantics and style, while varying the non-essential details absent from the image representation. Moreover, the joint embedding space of CLIP enables language-guided image manipulations in a zero-shot fashion. We use diffusion models for the decoder and experiment with both autoregressive and diffusion models for the prior, finding that the latter are computationally more efficient and produce higher-quality samples.
Precore/core mutations of hepatitis B virus genotype D arising in different states of infection

Aim of the study Precore/core variations and liver disease progression have been suggested. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of precore/core mutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients at various clinical stages. Material and methods In total, 73 HBV-infected patients including 26 inactive carriers (IC), 20 chronic active (CA), and 27 patients with liver cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma (C/HCC) were randomly selected. The HBV DNA was extracted from the sera and subjected to nested PCR for amplification of precore/core region. The PCR product was then sequenced by the Sanger method. Results The stop codon of W28*(G1896A) was determined as the most prevalent mutation (55%) of the precore region. The comparison of groups also demonstrated that core substitutions at residues of S21, E40 and I105 (< 0.05) correlated with the development of the inactive carrier state. Furthermore, the total substitutions in Th epitopes (117-131) were significantly higher in the C/HCC group than the IC and CA groups (p = 0.001). Conclusions Our results indicated a high frequency of W28* mutation in HBV studied patients. Moreover, variations including S21, E40 and I105 and R151 that were mapped onto cellular epitopes might be related to inactive state development.
Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and insulin resistance with viral load and degree of liver fibrosis in Egyptian chronic HBV patients: a case-control study

Aim of the study To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and insulin resistance (IR) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients compared with controls and to evaluate the correlation with HBV viral load, severity of liver disease and degree of liver fibrosis. Material and methods A case-control study. Sixty HBV patients and 60 controls were enrolled. Chemiluminescence was used to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment method. Polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify HBV viral loads. Severity of liver disease was assessed by Child-Pugh scores. Transient elastography was used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis. Results 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency is more prevalent among HBV patients compared to controls. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 levels declined considerably as viral load rose (p < 0.001). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 level declined as liver fibrosis progressed (34.0 ±0.0 ng/ml in F1 vs. 12.67 ±8.0 ng/ml in F4) and the severity of the disease increased (22.75 ±6.36 ng/ml in Child A vs. 5.50 ±0.58 ng/ml in Child C). Insulin resistance is more prevalent among HBV patients compared to controls and it appeared to deteriorate progressively with boosting of the viral load, degree of fibrosis and severity of liver disease (p < 0.001). Conclusions HBV patients had significantly lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels compared to healthy individuals and HBV infection is associated with IR. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and IR were associated with HBV viral loads, severity of liver disease, and degree of liver fibrosis.