Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive Hybrid Routing with Multi Objective Optimization Model for Opportunistic Routing for VANET

Opportunistic network model is one among the prediction-based routing approach for effective transmission of data. In opportunistic network identification of routing path are critical task due to mobility and dynamic nature of network. In microscopic opportunistic routing approach, route prediction is an essential factor for effective communication. In addition to that decision making is also plays an important role in computation of routes. In order to overcome this entire problem we introduced a novel mechanism namely Fuzzy Set Theory with Whale Optimization Algorithm (FST-WOA). The first objective is to develop appropriate machine learning based that incorporates fuzzy set theory for prediction of routes in the network based on the distance, number of hop and energy level of nodes. ALEXNET architectural model is used for route prediction in fuzzy set theory. This fuzzy based ALEXNET model integrated with multi-objective optimization technique called Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). For the process of simulation Network Simulator (NS3) is used. The proposed method is tested and compared with the earlier models such as BOR and RLFGRP. The parameters used for the process of performance analysis are, latency calculation, Packet Delivery Ratio and routing overhead.
Near infrared flares of Sagittarius A* - Importance of near infrared polarimetry

Context. We report on the results of new simulations of near-infrared (NIR) observations of the Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) counterpart associated with the super-massive black hole at the Galactic Center. Aims. Our goal is to investigate and understand the physical processes behind the variability associated with the NIR flaring emission from Sgr A * . Methods. The observations have been carried out using the NACO adaptive optics (AO) instrument at the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and CIAO NIR camera on the Subaru telescope (13 june 2004; 30 july 2005; 1 june 2006; 15 may 2007; 17 may 2007 and 28 may 2008). We used a model of synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons in the inner parts of an accretion disk. The relativistic simulations have been carried out using the Karas-Yaqoob (KY) ray-tracing code. Results. We probe the existence of a correlation between the modulations of the observed flux density light curves and changes in polarimetric data. Furthermore, we confirm that the same correlation is also predicted by the hot spot model. Correlations between intensity and polarimetric parameters of the observed light curves as well as a comparison of predicted and observed light curve features through a pattern recognition algorithm result in the detection of a signature of orbiting matter under the influence of strong gravity. This pattern is detected statistically significant against randomly polarized red noise. Expected results from future observations of VLT interferometry like GRAVITY experiment are also discussed. Conclusions. The observed correlations between flux modulations and changes in linear polarization degree and angle can be a sign that the NIR flares have properties that are not expected from purely random red-noise. We find that the geometric shape of the emission region plays a major role in the predictions of the model. From fully relativistic simulations of a spiral shape emitting region, we conclude that the observed swings of the polarization angle during NIR flares support the idea of compact orbiting spots instead of extended patterns. The effects of gravitational shearing, fast synchrotron cooling of the components and confusion from a variable accretion disk have been taken into account. Simulated centroids of NIR images lead us to the conclusion that a clear observation of the position wander of the center of NIR images with future infrared interferometers will prove the existence of orbiting hot spots in the vicinity of our Galactic super-massive black hole.
Transitioning from decades of segregation: religiosity and the attitudes towards intellectual disability in Romania

ABSTRACT As a post-communist country still transitioning from a culture of segregation of people with disability, Romania marks a distinct cultural space for studying the attitudes towards intellectual disability. In the current study, we investigated a prediction model which included age, gender, and religiosity as variables accounting for the variations in Romanian’s attitudes towards intellectual disability. Additionally, we measured the associations between participants’ educational level, knowledge about intellectual disability, and interaction with people with intellectual disabilities. Our sample consisted of 523 participants aged 18 to 74 (M = 29.02, SD = 9.57). The results suggested that older and male participants held more favourable attitudes. Furthermore, the regression analysis highlighted a significant prediction model for the attitudes towards intellectual disability, with religiosity being the most significant predictor. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the current findings given the social and cultural particularities.
Are both BL Lacs and pulsar wind nebulae the astrophysical counterparts of IceCube neutrino events

IceCube has recently reported the discovery of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin from an all-sky search. These are the highest energy particles produced in cosmic ray interactions ever detected, opening up the possibility of investigating the PeV (10 15 eV) sky. Up to now, because of their rather large positional uncertainties, these events have not been associated to any astrophysical source. We have found plausible astronomical counterparts in the GeV – TeV band by using joint spatial and energetic information. Namely, we looked for sources in the available large area high-energy γray catalogues (TeVCat, WHSP, 1FHL) within the median angular error circles of the IceCube events. We then built the spectral energy distribution of these sources and compared it with the energy and flux of the corresponding neutrino events. The likely counterparts include “classic” BL Lacs, such as MKN 421, PG 1553+113, and H 2356 309 as well as Galactic pulsar wind nebulae, namely MGRO J1908+06 and HESS J1809 193. This might indicate the emerging of a mixed scenario of Galactic and extra-galactic neutrino sources. On the one hand, a large number of objects, including the starburst galaxy NGC 253 and Centaurus A, despite being spatially coincident with neutrino events, fail the energetic diagnostic as they are too weak to be reconciled with the neutrino flux and much weaker than other BL Lacs and Galactic sources in the same error circles. On the other hand, various GeV powerful objects cannot be even assessed as possible counterparts due to their lack of TeV data. The definitive association between high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and the candidates singled out here will be significantly helped by more TeV observations but will be confirmed or disproved only by further upcoming IceCube observations. Either way, this will have momentous implications for blazar jets, high-energy astrophysics, and cosmic-ray and neutrino astronomy.
Co-firing of high-ash discard coal and refuse-derived fuel - ash and gaseous emissions

This research focuses on the co-firing of discard coal with refuse-derived fuel (RDF) to utilize this abundant resource in South Africa for energy generation and reduce the volume of waste disposed of at landfills. The potential of a coal with a high ash content (> 40%), which is a grade used in some power stations in South Africa, and its combustion compatibility with two different RDFs in terms of emission reductions has been established. Gaseous emissions and ash residues from the combustion and co-combustion of the coal, two different RDFs and coal/RDF blends of different proportion were analysed. One of the RDF samples contained mostly paper (PB) and the other mostly plastic (PL). Co-combustion ash from the discard coal and RDFs showed a decrease in chloride and alkali metal contents as the coal ratio in the blend increased. The slagging propensity of the co-fired blends was found to be very low, while the propensity for fouling decreased from high to medium for all the blends with < 75% RDF. Co-combustion of RDF with coal showed a decrease in SO2 emissions from 387 ppm (discard coal) to 50 ppm for the sample containing 25% coal discard plus 75% PL. A 15% PL to 85% coal blend also reduced NOx emissions from 145 ppm (100% PL) to 88 ppm. The lowest CO2 emission observed was 6000 ppm for the blend of 85% discard coal plus 15% PB. It was established that the most favourable fuel blend that can produce the lowest sulphur emissions if used for power generation is the 25% coal discard plus 75% PL sample.
An In vitro Evaluation of Effect of Implant Abutment on Human Gingival Epithelial Keratinocytes

Background: Abutment surfaces are being designed to promote gingival soft tissue attachment and integration. This confirms implant survival for long term by forming a seal around the prosthetics. Objectives: This study was done to compare the biocompatibility of three implant abutments: titanium uncoated, Ti-nitride coated, and modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with human gingival keratinocytes. Materials and Methods: The titanium-uncoated, titanium-nitride-coated, and modified PEEK discs (13 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated and compared with uncoated polyester cell culture discs, which were used as controls. These three implant abutments were evaluated for biocompatibility with respect to human gingival keratinocytes for viability, morphology, proliferation, and migration by scanning electron microscopy imaging and scratch wound healing assays. Measurements of roughness show changes between the investigated surfaces. Results: Keratinocytes cultured on all examined surfaces indicated adhesion and attachment. An assay of cell viability showed no substantial variances among the groups. The modified PEEK surface showed greater cell proliferation and migration among the three abutment materials. Conclusion: All three abutment material surface types showed similar epithelial biological responses. However, modified PEEK material showed the highest biocompatibility.
The Influence of Promotion Mix on Consumer Purchase Decision of Indihome Product at PT. Telkom Tondano Region

One of Telkom's digital products that recorded positive growth is Indihome, a provider of fixed broadband services for the community. Promotion also have a positive impact on the company so that everyone who is interested with Indihome product. The promotional activity is usually used by the company is promotion mix. The use of this promotional mix is one of the strategies to build communication carried out by companies with the aim of increasing value and building relationships with consumers. Promotion mix consists of advertising, public relation, personal selling, sales promotion, and direct selling. The purpose of this study is to know the influence of promotional mix on consumer purchase decision of Indihome product at PT. Telkom Tondano Region. This research used multiple linear regression analysis with total sample 105 customer of Indihome product in Tondano. The result shows that advertising and public relation are not significantly influence the purchase decision. Meanwhile, personal selling, sales promotion, and direct selling are significantly influence consumer purchase decision. The company should keep maintaining their good direct marketing in every aspect (online marketing and telemarketing) to make a prospective customers are more interested in making purchases. It also suggested to keep and improving their sales promotion activity to gain more customer. Providing experts to introduce products and the motivation of the customers is very important. The customer don’t care about the advertising that the company created so it’s better for company to should not emphasize on it. The company also should improving how they conveying the message to the customer to gain understanding and recognition of the customer of Indihome.
The ATLAS3D project XVIII: CARMA CO imaging survey of early-type galaxies

We present the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy (CARMA) ATLAS^(3D) molecular gas imaging survey, a systematic study of the distribution and kinematics of molecular gas in CO-rich early-type galaxies. Our full sample of 40 galaxies (30 newly mapped and 10 taken from the literature) is complete to a ^(12)CO(1–0) integrated flux of 18.5 Jy km s^(−1),^1 and it represents the largest, best studied sample of its type to date. A comparison of the CO distribution of each galaxy to the g − r colour image (representing dust) shows that the molecular gas and dust distributions are in good agreement and trace the same underlying interstellar medium. The galaxies exhibit a variety of CO morphologies, including discs (50 per cent), rings (15 per cent), bars+rings (10 per cent), spiral arms (5 per cent) and mildly (12.5 per cent) and strongly (7.5 per cent) disrupted morphologies. There appear to be weak trends between galaxy mass and CO morphology, whereby the most massive galaxies in the sample tend to have molecular gas in a disc morphology. We derive a lower limit to the total accreted molecular gas mass across the sample of 2.48 × 10^(10) M_⊙, or approximately 8.3 × 10^8 M_⊙ per minor merger within the sample, consistent with minor merger stellar mass ratios.
A tale of two selection biases: The independent effects of relative age and biological maturity on player selection in the Football Association of Ireland's national talent pathway

This study investigated the associations between biological maturation status (classified using the Khamis–Roche method for the percentage of predicted adult height at the time of observation) and relative age (expressed as a decimal value relative to the difference between birth date and competition cut-off date) and the extent to which their relative selection biases existed across competitive age groups in an analysis of players within the Football Association of Ireland's (FAI) national talent pathway. The players assessed were either from the U13 FAI National Academy (n = 125), the Ireland U15 national team (n = 18), or the Ireland U16 national team (n = 16). A moderate to very large selection bias in favour of early maturing players was observed across all age groups, increasing in magnitude with successive age groups (p < 0.05). A total of 46–72% of players selected into the national talent pathway were early maturing; 0% of U15 and U16 players were late maturing. A relative age effect existed across all competitive cohorts (p < 0.05), although not increasing with chronological age and smaller in magnitude than maturation biases. A small positive correlation between relative age and absolute maturity status at U13 was observed, and an inverse correlation between relative age and relative maturity status at U15 (p < 0.01) was observed. There were no other significant correlations between relative or absolute maturity status and relative age. We encourage Football Associations to critically reflect upon their criteria for national talent squad selection; the current system diminishes the chances of selection for late maturing players.
ON THE HYDRODYNAMIC INTERPLAY BETWEEN A YOUNG NUCLEAR STARBURST AND A CENTRAL SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE

We present one-dimensional numerical simulations, which consider the effects of radiative cooling and gravity on the hydrodynamics of the matter reinserted by stellar winds and supernovae within young nuclear starbursts (NSBs) with a central supermassive black hole (SMBH). The simulations confirm our previous semi-analytic results for low-energetic starbursts, evolving in a quasi-adiabatic regime, and extend them to more powerful starbursts evolving in the catastrophic cooling regime. The simulations show a bimodal hydrodynamic solution in all cases. They present a quasi-stationary accretion flow onto the black hole, defined by the matter reinserted by massive stars within the stagnation volume and a stationary starburst wind, driven by the high thermal pressure acquired in the region between the stagnation and the starburst radii. In the catastrophic cooling regime, the stagnation radius rapidly approaches the surface of the starburst region, as one considers more massive starbursts. This leads to larger accretion rates onto the SMBH and concurrently to powerful winds able to inhibit interstellar matter from approaching the NSB. Our self-consistent model thus establishes a direct physical link between the SMBH accretion rate and the nuclear star formation activity of the host galaxy and provides a good upper limit to the accretion rate onto the central black hole.
Selection Algorithm of Preprogrammed PWM Switching Patterns for 3L NPC Voltage Source Inverter

The development of new energy-efficient methods for high-voltage power converters under low switching frequency of semiconductor modules is relevant task to control powerful high-voltage electric motors, which can be applied in nuclear icebreakers, wind power generation systems and high-power industrial electric drives. The aim of the paper is the development of a selection algorithm of pre-programmed PWM (PPWM) switching patterns for a three-phase three-level neutral point clamped voltage source inverter (3L NPC VSI). The problem of ensuring the transition between two switching sequences of PPWM without increasing the average switching frequency of semiconductor modules has been solved.
The Analysis of Customer Switching Behaviour to PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk in Manado

There is intense competition and increasing globalization in financial markets. Bank management must develop customer-oriented strategies in order to compete successfully in the competitive retail banking environment. The price war and intense competition in Manado banking industry have exposed banks to one of the major threat of switching. Consumers are now more price and service conscious in their financial services purchasing behavior. They are more prone to change their banking behavior as banking products and services are nearly identical in nature. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight of the drivers that lead a customer switch from one service provider to PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia at Manado. The research is using quantitative method. The data for this analysis was obtained using a purposive sample of 100 PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia customers in Manado City. The decision to switch banks is hypothesised to be a function of Advertising and service quality. Results shows that advertising and service quality have their significant effect on customers’ switching behavior. The findings of present study can be used by PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia for their product and service designing strategies, marketing strategies and customer services practices in order to reduce customer switching. It would help them in improving their service operations and also in increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty by understanding the banking behaviour of their customers. Furthermore, this research provides useful information for future researchers investigating customer switching behaviour in the retail banking industry.
A Comparative Study on the Clinical Efficacy of Stereotaxic Catheter Drainage and Conservative Treatment for Small and Medium Amount Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Basal Ganglia

The incidence rate and fatal disability rate of cerebral hemorrhage increase year by year. At present, most patients with a hematoma volume of ≤20 mL are treated conservatively by internal medicine. With the development of the stereotactic technique, it has been widely used for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage in clinics. This study compared the clinical differences between stereotactic surgery and conservative treatment for small- and medium-sized cerebral hemorrhages. The results show that stereotactic hematoma evacuation is more effective than conservative treatment in the treatment of medium and small intracerebral hemorrhages in the basal ganglia. It can accelerate the resolution of hematoma and improve the neurological function and quality of life of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Bayesian Multiple Hypotheses Testing with Quadratic Criterion

The anomaly detection and localization problem can be treated as a multiple hypotheses testing (MHT) problem in the Bayesian framework. The Bayesian test with the 0−1 loss function is a standard solution for this problem, but the alternative hypotheses have quite different importance in practice. The 0−1 loss function does not reflect this fact while the quadratic loss function is more appropriate. The objective of the thesis is the design of a Bayesian test with the quadratic loss function and its asymptotic study. The construction of the test is made in two steps. In the first step, a Bayesian test with the quadratic loss function for the MHT problem without the null hypothesis is designed and the lower and upper bounds of the misclassification probabilities are calculated. The second step constructs a Bayesian test for the MHT problem with the null hypothesis. The lower and upper bounds of the false alarm probabilities, the missed detection probabilities as well as the misclassification probabilities are calculated. From these bounds, the asymptotic equivalence between the proposed test and the standard one with the 0-1 loss function is studied. A lot of simulation and an acoustic experiment have illustrated the effectiveness of the new statistical test.
Systematic construction of genuine-multipartite-entanglement criteria in continuous-variable systems using uncertainty relations

A general procedure to construct criteria for identifying genuine multipartite continuous variable entanglement is presented. It relies on the proper definition of adequate global operators describing the multipartite system, the positive partial transpose criterion of separability, and quantum mechanical uncertainty relations. As a consequence, each criterion encountered consists of a single inequality that is nicely computable and experimentally feasible, and that when violated is sufficient condition for genuine multipartite entanglement. Additionally we show that the previous work of van Loock and Furusawa [Phys. Rev. A, 67, 052315 (2003)] is a special case of our result that includes strongest criteria to detect entanglement.
IS THE SMALL-SCALE MAGNETIC FIELD CORRELATED WITH THE DYNAMO CYCLE?

The small-scale magnetic field is ubiquitous at the solar surface—even at high latitudes. From observations we know that this field is uncorrelated (or perhaps even weakly anticorrelated) with the global sunspot cycle. Our aim is to explore the origin, and particularly the cycle dependence, of such a phenomenon using three-dimensional dynamo simulations. We adopt a simple model of a turbulent dynamo in a shearing box driven by helically forced turbulence. Depending on the dynamo parameters, large-scale (global) and small-scale (local) dynamos can be excited independently in this model. Based on simulations in different parameter regimes, we find that, when only the large-scale dynamo is operating in the system, the small-scale magnetic field generated through shredding and tangling of the large-scale magnetic field is positively correlated with the global magnetic cycle. However, when both dynamos are operating, the small-scale field is produced from both the small-scale dynamo and the tangling of the large-scale field. In this situation, when the large-scale field is weaker than the equipartition value of the turbulence, the small-scale field is almost uncorrelated with the large-scale magnetic cycle. On the other hand, when the large-scale field is stronger than the equipartition value, we observe an anticorrelation between the small-scale field and the large-scale magnetic cycle. This anticorrelation can be interpreted as a suppression of the small-scale dynamo. Based on our studies we conclude that the observed small-scale magnetic field in the Sun is generated by the combined mechanisms of a small-scale dynamo and tangling of the large-scale field.