Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of injection pain and withdrawal movement of propofol and rocuronium in the induction of anaesthesia on postoperative pain outcomes in gynaecologic laparoscopic surgery: a prospective observational study.

INTRODUCTION The pain experience among individuals may differ from each other. This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the impact of injection pain/withdrawal movement of propofol and rocuronium in the induction of anaesthesia on postoperative pain outcomes in gynaecologic laparoscopic surgery. METHODS A total of 100 patients aged 19-60 years received propofol and rocuronium injections for the induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of propofol injection pain (PIP) and rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement (RIWM), postoperative pain scores and total opioid consumption were evaluated, and the associations between PIP/RIWM and postoperative pain outcomes were determined. RESULTS Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain after surgery and total opioid consumption after surgery in patients with PIP or RIWM were significantly higher than in patients without PIP or RIWM. The correlation between PIP and RIWM, VAS at 1 hour, VAS at 24 hours, total opioid consumption were significant and weakly positive (r = 0.249, r = 0.234, r = 0.22, r = 0.234, respectively). Compared with PIP, RIWM correlated more positively with pain score at 1 hour (r = 0.408 vs. r = 0.234, RIWM vs. PIP) and 24 hours (r = 0.398 vs r = 0.227, RIWM vs. PIP) and total opioid consumption after 48 hours (r = 0.457 vs. r = 0.234, RIWM vs. PIP). CONCLUSION During anaesthesia induction, the occurrence of PIP and RIWM may predict the severity of postoperative pain and total opioid consumption, with RIWM emerging as a stronger predictor than PIP.
Exploring the rationale for red cell transfusion in myelodysplastic syndrome patients: emerging data and future insights

ABSTRACT Introduction Anemia is often present in mostly elderly patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and is associated with a poorer outcome. Although red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are the most immediate treatment, waiting for the response to disease-specific therapy, or in case of non-response, the choice of the optimal transfusion regimen is still controversial. Areas covered The main objectives of RBC transfusion are the control of anemia-related symptoms and complications and the improvement of functional status and of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, RBC transfusions are associated with several negative clinical consequences, mainly adverse transfusion reactions and iron overload, which can be counteracted by iron chelation therapy. Recent few pilot prospective trials have shown a benefit, in terms of HRQoL, of more liberal transfusion regimens, with higher hemoglobin (Hb) targets, compared to conventional restrictive regimens, but these results need confirmation by larger studies. Expert opinion A patient-oriented RBC transfusion therapy in MDS patients must take into account several laboratory (Hb), clinical (age, comorbidities), psychological, family and social factors, and evaluation of HRQoL should become a fundamental parameter in assessing the clinical benefit of therapy. Many questions remain to be clarified, including why some patients report little benefit from transfusions.
Phylogeography of Colpomenia sinuosa (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) along the Brazilian coast

Colpomenia sinuosa is a cosmopolitan brown macroalgal species complex and hence a great candidate for evolutionary studies in the marine environment. Since 2009, three major C. sinuosa phylogenetic lineages, subdivided into eight subgroups, have been identified based on cox3 DNA sequences from worldwide collections. However, worldwide sampling remains limited and spotty. To date molecular data from Brazilian C. sinuosa populations have been limited to 10 specimens collected in a single locality. Nonetheless, C. sinuosa populations occur along the entire ~8,000 km Brazilian coast. Consequently, knowledge on population genetic diversity and spatial genetic structuring along most of the Brazilian coastline is nonexistent. To fulfill this gap in knowledge, we performed a phylogeographic analysis of C. sinuosa populations in Brazil. The highly variable cox3 marker was sequenced for 148 individuals collected in 12 localities in Brazil. Results identified two genetically distinct population groups (north vs. south) separated at 20.5° S latitude. Genetic diversity in northern populations is 14.6 and 15.5 times greater than southern populations in terms of haplotype and nucleotide diversity, respectively. Among northern populations, the Bahia state holds the largest genetic diversity. The southern populations had lower genetic diversity and no internal genetic sub‐structure suggesting past bottlenecks followed by recent colonization from northern haplotypes. Our results do not indicate recent introductions of foreign haplotypes in Brazil and reinforce the crucial importance of historical and extant allopatric, parapatric, and sympatric processes driving marine macroalgal evolution in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.
Professional values in student nurse education: An integrative literature review

Aim The aim is to understand current research into the impact of undergraduate nursing education on the development of professional values. Background Values are evident in the professional standards for nurses and the guidelines and healthcare policies of many countries. These professional values guide decisions and behaviour and are recognised as an essential component in the professions ability to provide safe and professional care. This literature review presents the current research on the impact of education on professional values in undergraduate nurse education. Design An integrative review of the findings was conducted to provide insight into the current research on the professional value development in undergraduate nurses. Data sources CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus. Review methods A literature search was undertaken within defined date parameters 2010–2021 using a systematic approach. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guide PRISMA was used to guide and illustrate the process. Papers were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results Two distinct areas of inquiry were identified. (a) Changes in professional values as an outcome of undergraduate nursing education or (b) changes in professional values as an outcome of specifically designed educational content. These areas were further explored to better understand the influences of undergraduate education on students’ professional values. Conclusion There is a lack of evidence in the literature to support the premise that professional values develop in line with academic year progression; however, there is strong evidence to support the inclusion of explicit learning in undergraduate education that engages students in education specifically designed to explore and develop professional values.
Fok1 VDR Gene Polymorphisms as the Risk factor for Diabetes Mellitus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, and its association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2018 to 2020. METHODOLOGY A total of 200 unrelated individuals, aged 25 to 65 years, were selected and divided into two groups, T2DM patients (100) and non-diabetic controls (100). After consent, demographics, diabetic history and related risk factors were recorded in a standard questionnaire and blood was collected. The VDR (Fok1, Taq1 and Apa1) polymorphisms were analyzed through PCR and RFLP. RESULTS In T2DM patients, F/F and F/f genotypes were found in 49 (49%) and 45 (45%) patients, respectively. The ff genotype was less common in T2DM [6 (6%)], compared to healthy controls [14 (14%)], (odds ratio=0.473, 95% CI: 0.267-0.839). The frequency of T/t genotype was 36% and 31% in the control and diabetic group respectively while for A/a genotype was 38% and 34% respectively, the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION T2DM was found significantly associated with Fok1 Polymorphisms of VDR gene. The study found a protective role of ff of Fok1 in diabetic patients. Further studies in larger cohorts are required for validation. KEY WORDS Polymorphism, Restriction fragment length, Receptor, Vitamin D3 receptor, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Relationship between clinical severity and hemodynamic impact of great saphenous vein incompetence using strain gauge plethysmography and duplex ultrasound

Objectives To evaluate the relation of quantitative Duplex ultrasound (DUS) and strain gauge plethysmography (SGP) parameters with clinical severity and quality of life in patients with superficial venous incompetence. Methods DUS volume flow and distal SGP refilling times (T50 and T90) were evaluated in 152 patients (164 Limbs) with superficial incompetence. Clinical severity and quality of life were evaluated with C of the CEAP classification, venous clinical severity score (VCSS), Aberdeen varicose vein questionnaire (AVVQ), and EuroQol 5D-3L. Results Higher DUS volume flow was associated with higher C in CEAP scores. Volume flow was also related to T50 and T90. Shorter T50 and T90 were associated with higher C in CEAP and VCSS. T50 was also associated with EQ-5DVAS. Reflux extension to the foot wase associated with shorter T50 and T90 and higher DUS volume flow. Conclusions DUS volume flow and SGP refilling times are related with clinical severity and provide quantitative information regarding venous function in patients with superficial incompetence.
RADA-dependent branch migration has a predominant role in plant mitochondria and its defect leads to mtDNA instability and cell cycle arrest

Mitochondria of flowering plants have large genomes whose structure and segregation are modulated by recombination activities. The post-synaptic late steps of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recombination are still poorly characterized. Here we show that RADA, a plant ortholog of bacterial RadA/Sms, is an organellar protein that drives the major branch-migration pathway of plant mitochondria. While RadA/Sms is dispensable in bacteria, RADA-deficient Arabidopsis plants are severely impacted in their development and fertility, correlating with increased mtDNA recombination across intermediate-size repeats and accumulation of recombination-generated mitochondrial subgenomes. The radA mutation is epistatic to recG1 that affects the additional branch migration activity. In contrast, the double mutation radA recA3 is lethal, underlining the importance of an alternative RECA3-dependent pathway. The physical interaction of RADA with RECA2 but not with RECA3 further indicated that RADA is required for the processing of recombination intermediates in the RECA2-depedent recombination pathway of plant mitochondria. Although RADA is dually targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts we found little to no effects of the radA mutation on the stability of the plastidial genome. Finally, we found that the deficient maintenance of the mtDNA in radA apparently triggers a retrograde signal that activates nuclear genes repressing cell cycle progression.
Comparisons make faces more attractive: An ERP study

Facial attractiveness judgment largely depends on the characteristics of the facial structure and the personality of the observer. However, little is known about the influence of contextual variations on facial attractiveness. In this electroencephalogram study, participants judged the attractiveness of faces presented individually or in pairs with either a higher‐attractive face (HAF) or lower‐attractive face (LAF). The attractiveness judgment rating of the target face was significantly higher when presented in pairs with HAFs or LAFs than when presented individually and was accompanied by a larger late positive complex. These results suggest that contextual faces enhance the attractiveness judgment of target faces. Microstate analyses revealed that the global field power (GFP) of state 3 was significantly correlated with the attractiveness judgment in the HAF condition whereas the GFP of state 2 was significantly correlated with the attractiveness judgment in the LAF condition. Interestingly, the GFP of state 2 mediated the relationship between narcissism and facial attractiveness judgment in the context of LAFs. Source location analyses showed that states 3 and 2 activated the superior and middle frontal gyrus, which are involved in emotion processing. Our findings suggest that facial attractiveness can be enhanced by contextual comparison with other faces, subject to personality of the observer.
Germline MUTYH mutations and high‐grade gliomas: Novel evidence for a potential association

There is growing body of evidence supporting the role of germline mutations in the pathogenesis of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and the widespread use of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panels facilitates their detection. Variants of the MUTYH gene are increasingly recognized as suspected germline background of various extraintestinal malignancies, besides their well‐characterized role in the polyposis syndrome associated with biallelic mutations. Using a multigene NGS panel (Illumina TruSight Oncology 500), we detected one H3 G34V‐ and one H3 K27M‐mutant pediatric high‐grade diffuse glioma, in association with c.1178G>A (p.G393D) and c.916C>T (p.R306C) MUTYH variants, respectively. Both MUTYH mutations were germline, heterozygous and inherited, according to the subsequent genetic testing of the patients and their first‐degree relatives. In the H3 K27M‐mutant glioma, amplifications affecting the 4q12 region were also detected, in association with KDR‐PDGFRA, KIT‐PDGFRA, and KDR‐CHIC2 fusions, previously unreported in this entity. Among 47 other CNS tumors of various histological types tested with the same NGS panel in our institution, only one adult glioblastoma harbored MUTYH mutation. Together with a single previous report, our data raises the possibility of an association between germline MUTYH mutations and CNS malignancies, particularly in pediatric histone H3‐mutant gliomas.
Interactive effects of climate and land use on pollinator diversity differ among taxa and scales

Changes in climate and land use are major threats to pollinating insects, an essential functional group. Here, we unravel the largely unknown interactive effects of both threats on seven pollinator taxa using a multiscale space-for-time approach across large climate and land-use gradients in a temperate region. Pollinator community composition, regional gamma diversity, and community dissimilarity (beta diversity) of pollinator taxa were shaped by climate-land-use interactions, while local alpha diversity was solely explained by their additive effects. Pollinator diversity increased with reduced land-use intensity (forest < grassland < arable land < urban) and high flowering-plant diversity at different spatial scales, and higher temperatures homogenized pollinator communities across regions. Our study reveals declines in pollinator diversity with land-use intensity at multiple spatial scales and regional community homogenization in warmer and drier climates. Management options at several scales are highlighted to mitigate impacts of climate change on pollinators and their ecosystem services.
The changing incidence of rheumatoid arthritis over time in north-west Greece: data from a referral centre

Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology that affects approximately 1% of the population. The disease presents a temporal variability in different geographic areas. We investigated RA incidence over a 40-year-period in a defined area of north-west Greece, with a total population of about 400 000 inhabitants. Method This incidence study was based on retrospective review of clinical records among adults with RA newly diagnosed from 1980 to 2019 at the referral university hospital of Ioannina. An incident case was defined as any patient diagnosed with RA based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria, over 16-years-old, and resident in the study area for at least 1 year before diagnosis. Results Out of 1411 cases diagnosed, women constituted a 2.65-fold higher number than men, with a lower mean age at diagnosis. The overall age-adjusted annual incidence rate (95% confidence interval) was 9.5 (8.5–10.5) for the total observation period, 11.7 (10.7–13.0) in 1980–1989, 10.4 (9.4–10.8) in 1990–1999, 9.8 (8.9–10.8) in 2000–2009, and 6.1 (5.3–6.9) in 2010–2019, presenting a statistically significant decline over time, along with a constant decrease in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive incidence for both sexes. Conclusion Our findings suggest a decrease in the incidence of RA over 40 years in a geographically defined Greek population. Also, the progressive decrease in the incidence of RF-positive disease may relate to less severe expression of RA in Greek patients. These trends could be explained by different clinical, serological, and genetic factors reported in Greece compared to northern European countries.
An Increase in Accuracy of Robotic Milling

The results of the theoretical research and the computer simulation, aimed at increase in accuracy of robotic milling, are presented in the article. An analysis of the mathematical models of the system «technological robot – milling process» is conducted. The prospects of the usage of precision geared dual motor servo drives and trajectory-impedance control systems are underlined. A computer research of the tool movement accuracy during the robotic cylindrical up-milling process, depending on path velocity of the milling cutter and rated value of the cutting depth, has been carried out. Two types of manipulators have been considered: a manipulator with traditional geared servo drives with one motor and a manipulator with the suggested precision dual motor drives. In order to measure accuracy of movements during the computer simulation process a deviation of the tool, normal to the desired trajectory of its movement, has been defined. The results testify the facts that dual motor servo drives allow us to significantly increase dynamic stiffness of technological robots and they promote increasing accuracy and performance of robotic milling.
Anti-TNF treatment in ankylosing spondylitis patients with chronic kidney disease: Is it effective and safe?

Abstract Objective: This study aims to examine the efficacy and safety of the antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: In this study, 24 male patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 mL min−1 1.73 m−2 were included among 863 patients who were followed-up once in 3 months regularly from 2010 to 2018 years. Twenty-four patients were chosen for the control group among 420 male patients whose renal functions were normal using random sampling. We examined C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum creatinine, and GFR values, and also the measurements of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were recorded at the beginning of the treatment with anti-TNF agents and in the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, and final visit months. Results: Eleven (45.9%) of the patients included in the study were in the routine dialysis program. The initial anti-TNF treatments were etanercept (62.5%), infliximab (16.7%), adalimumab (16.7%), and golimumab (4.1%). Treatment was effective in 22 (91.7%) of the patients. When the values of the two groups’ patients were compared at the beginning of the treatment, there was a substantial reduction regarding BASDAI (P < .001). Pleural effusion, infective endocarditis, septic arthritis, and prosthesis infection were major side effects (n = 4). The mortality rate of the 24 patients was 29.2% (n = 7). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that anti-TNF drug treatment is effective and safe in patients with AS who have chronic kidney disease.
Representation of Benzodiazepines in Treatment Guidelines: The Paradox of Undesirable Objectivity

The purpose of treatment guidelines is to help clinicians make evidence-based decisions about treatment. As such, guidelines should consider all available evidence. They also need to take into account the reality of clinical practice, such as availability and cost of therapeutic agents and patient preference. In a comprehensive review of benzodiazepines, Dubovsky and Marshall [1] state that treatment guidelines for anxiety disorders give priority to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) over benzodiazepines and suggest that this is not supported by the available evidence. This suggestion follows several publications that argued that SSRIs and SNRIs were given primacy in the treatment of anxiety disorders without a demonstration of their comparative advantage [2– 4]. This article focuses on the portrayal of benzodiazepines in treatment guidelines and contends that these medications have been misrepresented and that depiction of their role in the therapeutic armamentarium for anxiety disorders needs to be radically changed. What Treatment Guidelines Say about Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders
Examining the evidence for weight management in individuals with type 2 diabetes

The obesity epidemic has been linked to the worsening diabetes epidemic. Despite this, weight reduction for individuals with obesity is seen as a secondary, or even tertiary, consideration in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this review is to examine the benefits of weight management in individuals with T2D. A literature review of current available published data on the benefits of weight reduction in individuals with T2D was conducted. In individuals with T2D who have obesity or overweight, modest and sustained weight reduction results in improvement in glycaemic control and decreased utilization of glucose‐lowering medication. A total body weight loss of 5% or higher reduces HbA1c levels and contributes to mitigating risk factors of cardiovascular disease, such as hyperlipidaemia and hypertension, as well as other disease‐related complications of obesity. Progressive improvements in glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors can occur when the total body weight loss increases to 10% or more. In the approach to treating patients with T2D and obesity, prioritizing weight management and the use of therapeutics that offer glycaemic control as well as the additional weight loss should be emphasized given their potential to attenuate the progression and severity of T2D.
Effort Distribution and Performance of Olympic Triple Jumpers

The purposes of this study were to determine the frequency with which triple jumpers used hop-dominated, balanced, and jump-dominated techniques to achieve their best distances in Olympic competition; whether the use of one of these techniques generally yielded greater actual distances than did the use of the others; and how the actual distances achieved by specific athletes were related to the way in which they distributed their efforts through the three phases. Data were collected at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta. About half the competitors used a hop-dominated technique. Balanced and jump-dominated techniques were just as effective as hop-dominated techniques. Four of the top eight finishers tended to use hop percentages that were longer than the optimum for them.