Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fertigation Effects on Productivity, and Soil and Plant Nutrition of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia

ABSTRACT Fertigation has the potential to reduce extra chemical load by improving nutrient and water use efficiency of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), but studies demonstrating the fertilizer reduction through drip irrigation in comparison to conventional ring basin method are rare in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia. A long-term field experiment was conducted during 2007–2013 in West Bengal, India, to study the effect of fertigation on coconut var. DXT. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments (control – no fertilizers and water applied with drip irrigation; 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), each applied with drip irrigation; and 100% of the RDF and water applied with ring basin method of irrigation (i.e., conventional method)). Nuts yield was significantly higher for 75% of RDF (24.44 t ha−1 year−1) followed by 100% of RDF, each drip irrigation (23.79 t ha−1 year−1) compared to control (21.89 t ha−1 year−1). Copra yield was significantly higher for 75% of RDF (3.19 t ha−1) compared to 100% of RDF (3.12 t ha−1) and no fertilizer (1.87 t ha−1). Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents of soil increased by 4.9%, 10.4% and 9.4%, respectively, with 75% of RDF applied through drip irrigation. Microbial population showed inverse relationship with amount of fertilizer application. The most water-use efficient fertigation treatment was 75% RDF (13.48 kg copra m−3) followed by 100% RDF (13.18 kg copra m−3) with drip irrigation as compared to conventional way soil application of fertilizers through ring basin method of irrigation (4.23 kg copra m−3). Role of N on yield variability was most prominent by both available soil N status (R2 = 0.49**) and leaf N concentration (R2 = 0.51**). The study indicated that there is a great scope for reducing the N, P and K fertilizers by up to 25% of the present RDFs for coconut when applied through drip irrigation compared to ring basin method of irrigation for its higher productivity and profitability through efficient use of nutrients and water in the Eastern IGP of South Asia.
The effect of different nitrogen rates on CCS accumulation over time.

Applied nitrogen (N) had a significant negative impact on the mean commercial cane sugar (CCS) recovery of 15 genotypes measured on seven occasions between March and September. Increasing N rates from 0 kg Nlha to 280 kg Nlha reduced CCS by up to 21%. However, the negative impact of N on CCS declined over time, indicating that it will be possible to maximise CCS for blocks to be harvested early by reducing N rates. Significant genotype*nitrogen (G*N) interactions were also detected. Variance components for G*N were compared, relative to genotype main effect and expressed as a ratio. These ratios ranged from 0.10 to 0.43, averaged 0.21 for all seven sample events, and were greatest (0.23 to 0.43 at an average of 0.32) for the three sample events early in the harvesting season (late May to early August). Therefore, genetic gains from selection for response to different rates of applied N on early CCS may be possible.
Comparison of Climatic Factors Contributing to Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreak in the Northern and the Central Regions of Thailand

Background- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) has been noted as one of the most common contagious diseases in Thailand. Each year the highest reported cases have been mostly found in the Northern and the Central regions. These regions are quite different in terms of topography and climate. Therefore, the interest of this research was to compare the climatic factors that affect the incidence of HFMD outbreak. Objective- The research objective was to identify the climatic factors influencing HFMD in the two regions. Methods- The research applied spatial autocorrelation via the stepwise regression analysis to elaborate the influence of climatic factors on HFMD outbreaks during 2006-2016. Results- The HFMD distribution patterns mapping in this study indicated that there were large infectious areas in almost every province in both the Northern and the Central regions during 2012-2016. The stepwise regression analysis evaluated all possible combinations of the explanatory input candidate variables, including average temperature, average rainfall, air pressure, and relative humidity. The study finds found that the major climate factors pertaining to HFMD occurrence in the Northern region were temperature and humidity (R2 = 0.56), whereas humidity and rainfall (R2 = 0.49) played important roles in the Central region. The results confirmed the meteorological factors which were statistically significant in association with HFMD cases in seasonal of Thailand. Conclusion- It was concluded that the use of spatial autocorrelation in GIS and stepwise regression approach should be encouraged in epidemiology in estimating the involvement of meteorological indicators on the spatial distribution of HFMD and health geography in climate change situation.
Diapause induction in Eotetranychus smithi (Acari: Tetranychidae): effect of average temperature, but not of thermoperiod

Facultative diapause of Eotetranychus smithi appears to occur at the egg stage and is induced by temperatures ≤17.5 °C, independent of photoperiod. However, the effect of thermoperiod on the induction of diapause remains unclear. To answer this question, we exposed female E. smithi to various thermoperiods under constant light conditions. First, we found that the deposition order of eggs affected the incidence of diapause: the first eggs (exclusively males) tended to avert diapause compared with the second and third eggs (most of them are females), possibly because of the sex of the eggs. Next, the incidence of diapause of the second eggs decreased with shortening of the cryophase, which was associated with an increase of the average temperature, and it showed clear long‐day‐type thermoperiodic response curves. However, this species does not sense the ratio of day (thermophase) to night (cryophase) of a given thermoperiod. Short thermoperiods did not increase the incidence of diapause, but rather precluded the entry into diapause. We detected no sign of the involvement of the circadian system in diapause induction in the thermoperiodic Nanda–Hamner protocol. We conclude that diapause induction of E. smithi does not involve the circadian system, and thus does not show thermoperiodism. Diapause induction under the various thermoperiodic conditions tested in the present study appears to be derived from the temperature itself. E. smithi is an exceptional species that relies on temperature alone to induce diapause.
Water Saturation Stress in Mimosa scabrella Seedlings

The stress caused by water saturation has negative consequences for plants. The search for species tolerant to flooded soils can make feasible the use of areas with these characteristics. The objective of this study was to observe the effect of water saturation levels on the initial growth of Mimosa scabrella Benth seedlings. Newly germinated seedlings were subjected to three water depths (without saturation, 1/3, and 2/3 above the pot capacity) in a greenhouse environment. After 173 days, it was verified that for most of the variables there was no difference between the control treatment and the two saturation levels. In addition, the analysis of seedling quality demonstrated the ability of the species to develop and survive in this condition. Therefore, it is inferred that bracatinga is a promising species for cultivation under water saturation conditions.
Fresh Garlic Extract has a Synergistic Effect with Antibiotics on ESBLs Producing E. coli Urinary Isolates

Aim: Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing bacteria often exhibit a multidrug- resistant phenotype limiting the therapeutic options available to the clinician. This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial susceptibility pattern of ESBL producing E. coli isolates and evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Garlic extract against it. Study Design: The study was carried out using antibiotics powder and Garlic extract. Place and Duration of Study: At the microbiology lab, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University between January 2017 to August 2018. Methods: The study was carried on 55 ESBL producing E. coli isolates isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI). Screening and confirmation for ESBL was done according to clinical and laboratory standard institute guidelines (CLSI) guidelines. The antibacterial sensitivity to a panel of antibiotics and Garlic was performed by tube dilution method. Results: The results of antibacterial susceptibility testing of ESBLs-producing E. coli isolates in our study showed a higher degree of resistance to the tested antibiotics. In the present study, Garlic showed an inhibitory effect on ESBLs- producing E. coli with concentrations ranging from 10-50 mg/ml and a mean of 30 mg/ml. Garlic extract produce a synergistic effect with all tested antibiotics against all tested ESBL producing E. coli isolates. A Significant decrease in ESBLs genes expression (SHV, TEM and CTX-m) was reported after treatment with Garlic extract (P value: ˂0.001). Conclusion: The combinations of antibiotics and Garlic may be more useful than individual agents, so we recommended that further researches should be undertaken to evaluate the combination of Garlic with antibiotics towards ESBL producing E. coli.
Oak Transpiration Drawn From the Weathered Bedrock Vadose Zone in the Summer Dry Season

The spatiotemporal dynamics of plant water sources are hidden and poorly understood. We document water source use of Quercus garryana growing in Northern California on a profile of approximately 50 cm of soil underlain by 2–4 m of weathered bedrock (sheared shale mélange) that completely saturates in winter, when the oaks lack leaves, and progressively dries over the summer. We determined oak water sources by combining observations of water stable isotope composition, vadose zone moisture and groundwater dynamics, and metrics of tree water status (potential) and use (sapflow). During the spring, oak xylem water is isotopically similar to the seasonal groundwater and shallow, evaporatively enriched soil moisture pools. However, as soils dry and the water table recedes to the permanently saturated, anoxic, low‐conductivity fresh bedrock boundary, Q. garryana shifts to using a water source with a depleted isotopic composition that matches residual moisture in the deep soil and underlying weathered bedrock vadose zone. Sapflow rates remain high as late‐summer predawn water potentials drop below −2.5 MPa. Neutron probe surveys reveal late‐summer rock moisture declines under the oaks in contrast to constant rock moisture levels under grass‐dominated areas. We therefore conclude that the oaks temporarily use seasonal groundwater when it occupies the weathered profile but otherwise use deep unsaturated zone moisture after seasonal groundwater recedes. The ample moisture, connected porosity, and oxygenated conditions of the weathered bedrock vadose zone make it a key tree water resource during the long summer dry season of the local Mediterranean climate.
Effect of Short Blade Circumferential Position Arrangement on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Performance of Centrifugal Pump

In order to study the internal flow characteristics of centrifugal pumps with a split impeller under gas-liquid mixed transportation conditions, this paper conducted a steady calculation of the flow field in the centrifugal pump under the conditions of different inlet gas volume fractions based on the Eulerian-Eulerian heterogeneous flow model, using air and water as the working media and the Schiller Nauman model for the interphase resistance. This paper takes a low specific speed centrifugal pump as the research object, through the controlling variables, using the same pump body structure and pump body geometric parameters and setting three different arrangements of long and short blades (each plan uses the same long and short blades) to explore the influence of the short blade arrangement on the low specific speed centrifugal pump performance under a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The research results show that, under pure water conditions, the reasonable arrangement of the short blade circumferential position can eliminate the hump of the centrifugal pump under low-flow conditions, can make the flow velocity in the impeller more uniform, and can optimize the performance of the pump. Under the design conditions and the gas-liquid two-phase inflow conditions, when the circumferential position of the short blades is close to the suction surface of the long blades, some of the bubbles on the suction surface of the long blade can be broken under the work of the pressure surface of the short blade and flow out of the impeller with the liquid, which improves the flow state of the flow field in the impeller.
Does Teaching Your Native Language Abroad Increase L1 Attrition of Speech? The Case of Spaniards in the United Kingdom

The present study examines the perceived L1 accent of two groups of native Spaniards in the United Kingdom, Spanish teachers, and non-teachers, alongside monolingual controls in Spain. While the bilingual groups were carefully matched on a range of background variables, the teachers used Spanish significantly more at work where they constantly need to co-activate it alongside English. This allowed us to test the relative effect of reduced L1 use and dual language activation in first language attrition directly. To obtain global accentedness ratings, monolingual native Spanish listeners living in Spain participated in an online perception experiment in which they rated short speech samples extracted from a picture-based narrative produced by each speaker in terms of their perceived nativeness, and indicated which features they associated with non-nativeness. The results revealed significantly greater foreign-accent ratings for teachers than non-teachers and monolinguals, but no difference between the latter two. Non-native speech was associated with a range of segmental and suprasegmental features. These results suggest that language teachers who teach their L1 in an L2-speaking environment may be particularly prone to L1 attrition since they need to co-activate both their languages in professional settings and are regularly exposed to non-native speech from L2 learners.
Stand–alone water pumping system powered by amorphous and polycrystalline photovoltaic panels in Paraná - Brazil

ABSTRACT Water resources have fundamental importance both for living beings life and for human activities. The lack of water can be a limiting factor for occupation and development of a certain region. Photovoltaic pumping systems are an alternative solution for remote locations, with electric generation from photovoltaic panels being a locally pollutant-free option and less maintenance when compared to combustion-generation engines. This work aims the analysis of a photovoltaic pumping system with two cell technologies, amorphous and polycrystalline silicon. The research shown an average volume pumped of 2,255.44 and 2,397.01 litres per day in the amorphous and polycrystalline systems, respectively. The best efficiency results in both systems were at 0.8 kWhm−2, 4.69% for amorphous and 7.75% polycrystalline. However, the first one presented lower voltage drop with panel’s temperature increasing. It obtained higher flow and overall efficiency in the polycrystalline system.
Phenological and physicochemical properties of Pereskia aculeata during cultivation in south Brazil

ABSTRACT Pereskia aculeata, known as ora-pro-nobis in Brazil, is native from tropical dry forests. This Cactaceae plant possesses succulent and edible leaves, which contain high amounts of protein, minerals, vitamins and fiber. Nutritional properties and ability to grow under limited water supply of ora-pro-nobis are known, but little information is available about the growth behavior and nutritional composition of this plant when cultivated under temperate humid climate. Therefore, we evaluated the phenology of the plant, including observation of new leaves, flowering, fruiting and relating it with the climate changes. Also, we analyzed some physicochemical characteristics (humidity, leaf area, height, protein, color, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity) of ora-pro-nobis cultivated in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We observed that ora-pro-nobis developed normally, but with a quiescent state in the winter, without producing leaves. Flowering of the plant started in March and the fructification started one month later. All physicochemical characteristics varied through the period of cultivation. Our findings support that cultivation of ora-pro-nobis for production of leaves is feasible under temperate and humid climate.
The Influence of Leadership and Achievement Motivation on the Performance of Social Sciences Teachers at Private Junior High School Pekanbaru

This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of leadership and achievement motivation on the performance of social studies (IPS) teachers at Pekanbaru Private Junior High School. The total population was 129 teachers. A sample of 32 people was obtained using a proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire, then analyzed by descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results of the study found: (1) the leadership of the principal has an effect on the achievement motivation of social studies teachers at Pekanbaru Private Junior High School. The meaning of good leadership will be able to increase the achievement motivation of IPS teachers; (2) the leadership of the principal has a direct and indirect effect on teacher performance through the achievement motivation of social studies teachers at Pekanbaru Private Middle School. The meaning of principal leadership can improve teacher performance by increasing the achievement motivation of social studies teachers; and (3) achievement motivation has an effect on the performance of social studies teachers. The meaning of good achievement motivation will be able to improve the performance of social studies teachers at Pekanbaru Private Junior High School.
Politics and administration in times of crisis: Explaining the Swedish response to the COVID‐19 crisis

Abstract The Swedish response to the COVID-19 pandemic is different not only to the response of other European countries, but also to other Scandinavian countries, which are geographically proximate and culturally similar The question that emerges from an analysis of the Swedish case concerns the reasons why the country chose to take such a relatively liberal crisis response to the onset of the pandemic compared to the rest of Europe In this paper, I treat the national response to the pandemic as the outcome variable, which I seek to explain through an analysis of the intersection of dualism in the model of Swedish public administration and the devolved governance system that bestows operational autonomy on public agencies and local public authorities The duality that characterizes the relationship between politics, policy, and administration in Sweden resulted in a response that was necessarily decentralized The decentralized response in conjunction with high political trust among the citizenry necessitated, and was conducive to, broad guidelines I conclude the article with a discussion placing the Swedish response in perspective for further comparative research ?
Public Service Logic

Public Service Logic (PSL) is a public administration and management (PAM) theory that integrates insights from service management together with those of PAM. PSL understands public services ‘as services’ and applies a service-dominant approach. It explores/evaluates how ‘value’ is created for the key stakeholders of public services and examines the domains, elements, and processes of value creation for them. The core elements of PSL are the public service ecosystem, the distinctive role of public policy in PSL, the purpose of public services, and the nature of value and value creation for public service stakeholders. Three key concepts are deployed within PSL. Co-design is the collaborative engagement of the key stakeholders in the design/re-design of a public service. Co-production is the collaborative involvement of these stakeholders in the management and/or delivery of a public service. Co-creation is the collaborative process of value creation by these key stakeholders to a public service.
Effect of laser irradiation on the adhesion of resin-based materials to zirconia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract This systematic review and meta-analysis were made to evaluate the bond strength behavior and failure mode of zirconia surfaces treated by laser irradiation and to highlight the main characteristics and parameters of each laser system. The PubMed, the Scopus, and the Web of Science databases were searched for articles without limit on year of publication, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Forty-three in vitro studies were included and meta-analyses were performed to compare the bond strength values found after the use of lasers, and to quantify the percentage of failures. When compared to untreated groups, the bond strength values found for the lasers ranged from 1.4 to 30.16 MPa for CO2; 1.18 to 40.33 MPa for Nd:YAG; 0 to 22.72 MPa for Er:YAG; and 0.5 to 34.92 MPa for Er,Cr:YSGG. Statistical analysis indicated high heterogeneity in-between the comparisons of different lasers (p ˂ 0.05). When compared to other treatments, the results of the meta-analysis were favorable for tribochemical silica coating (TSC) and airborne-particle abrasion (APA) (p ˂ 0.05), except for the CO2 laser. Adhesive failures were predominant (68.28% for CO2; 65.23% for Nd:YAG; 76% for Er:YAG and 71.91% for Er,Cr:YSGG laser), followed by mixed and cohesive failures. Based on the results of this study, the conditioning of zirconia surfaces through laser irradiation increases the bond strength values when compared to untreated surfaces, regardless of the type of laser used. However, except for CO2 laser, TSC and APA still show superior bond strength results.
The variable influence of confession inconsistencies: How factual errors (but not contradictions) reduce belief in suspect guilt

Wrongful conviction statistics suggest that jurors pay little heed to the quality of confession evidence when making verdict decisions. However, recent research indicatesthat confession inconsistencies may sometimes reduce perception of suspect guilt.Drawing on theoretical frameworks of attribution theory, correspondence bias, andthe story model of juror decision-making, we investigated how judgments aboutlikely guilt are affected by different types of inconsistencies: self-contradictions(Experiment 1) and factual errors (Experiment 2). Crucially, judgments of likely guilt ofthe suspect were reduced by factual errors in confession evidence, but not by contradictions. Mediation analyses suggest that this effect of factual errors on judgments ofguilt is underpinned by the extent to which mock-jurors generated a plausible, alternative explanation for why the suspect confessed. These results indicate that not allconfession inconsistencies are treated equally; factual errors might cause suspicionabout the veracity of the confession, but contradictions do not.