Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities for the Immature Fruits of Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang and Citrus aurantium L.

Quzhou Aurantii Fructus (QAF), the dried immature fruit of Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang, is similar to Aurantii Fructus (AF), the dried immature fruit of Citrus aurantium L. or its cultivars, in terms of composition, pharmacological action, and appearance. However, potential chemical markers to distinguish QAF from AF remain unknown owing to the lack of a comprehensive systematic chemical comparison aligned with discriminant analysis. To achieve a better understanding of the differences in their composition, this study aimed to identify the basic chemical compounds in QAF (n = 42) and AF (n = 8) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electron spray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC−QTOF/MS) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC−MS). Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS−DA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to further analyze, screen, and verify potential chemical markers; the antioxidant capacity was assayed in vitro. A total of 108 compounds were found in QAF and AF, including 25 flavonoids, 8 limonoids, 2 coumarins, and 73 volatile components. The chemometric analysis indicated that the main components in QAF and AF were very similar. Trace differential components, including 9 flavonoids, 2 coumarins, 5 limonoids, and 26 volatile compounds, were screened as potential chemical markers to distinguish between QAF and AF. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of QAF was found to be greater than that of AF. This research provides insights into the quality control and clinical application of QAF.
A Computational Model for Two-Phase Ejector Flow

A CFD model to simulate two-phase flow in refrigerant ejectors is described. This work is part of an effort to develop the ejector expansion refrigeration cycle, a device which increases performance of a standard vapor compression cycle by replacing the throttling valve with a work-producing ejector. Experimental results have confirmed the performance benefit of the ejector cycle, but significant improvement can be obtained by optimally designing the ejector. The poorly understood two-phase, non-equilibrium flow occuring in the ejector complicates this task. The CFD code is based on a parabolic two-fluid model. The applicable two-phase flow conservation equations are presented. Also described are the interfacial interaction terms, important in modelling non-equilibrium effects. Other features of the code, such as a mixing length turbulence model and wall function approximation, are discussed. Discretization of the equations by the control volume method and organization of the computer program is described. Code results are shown and compared to experimental data. It is shown that experimental pressure rise through the mixing section matches well against code results. Variable parameters in the code, such as droplet diameter and turbulence constants, are shown to have a large influence on the results. Results are shown in which an unexpected problem, separation in the mixing section, occurs. Also described is the distribution of liquid across the mixing section, which matches qualitative experimental observations. From these results, conclusions regarding ejector design and two-phase CFD modelling are drawn.
Investigation of Hexylamine Adsorption on Gold in Perchloric Acid

The adsorption of hexylamine at the solution–gold interface in 1 M HClO4 in the presence of 0.1 M Fe2+ and 0.1 Fe3+ was studied by potentiodynamic, chronoamperometric and EIS methods. The main kinetic characteristics of the oxidation-reduction reaction iron ions (exchange current density, transfer coefficient, diffusion coefficients of iron ions) were determined. It was shown that the physical adsorption of hexylamine on gold can be described by the Dhar–Flory–Huggins isotherm. The values of the adsorption constant and the Gibbs free adsorption energy were obtained. A comparison of the free adsorption energy at these interfaces with the interaction energies of hexylamine and water molecules, and hexylamine molecules with each other was carried out. It was shown that hexylamine adsorption at all of these interfaces is due mainly to the hydrophobic effect of the interaction of hexylamine and water molecules.
Evaluating Performance of Libyan Banks Using Camel Model

Using the CAMEL model, this study compares the results of the performance of Libyan commercial banks from 2004 to 2010. The first stage of this study used the CAMEL model to assess the performance of Libyan commercial banks. Pool Ordinary Least Square was employed in the second stage. The findings demonstrated that the variables used for this study are appropriate and represent the banking ratio for locating reliable banking institutions. Additionally, the findings demonstrated that the independent factors had a significant impact on bank performance, and the hypothesis were accepted. According to the study, corporate governance should be taken into account in future research in order to analyze bank performance in Libya and obtain further results.
Mucus Hypersecretion in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Treatment

Most patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present with hallmark features of airway mucus hypersecretion, including cough and expectoration. Airway mucus function as a native immune system of the lung that severs to trap particulate matter and pathogens and allows them to clear from the lung via cough and ciliary transport. Chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) is the main factor contributing to the increased risk of morbidity and mortality in specific subsets of COPD patients. It is, therefore, primarily important to develop medications that suppress mucus hypersecretions in these patients. Although there have been some advances in COPD treatment, more work remains to be done to better understand the mechanism underlying airway mucus hypersecretion and seek more effective treatments. This review article discusses the structure and significance of mucus in the lungs focusing on gel-forming mucins and the impacts of CMH in the lungs. Furthermore, we summarize the article with pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments as well as novel and interventional procedures to control CMH in COPD patients.
Gut Microbiota and Adipose Tissue Microenvironment Interactions in Obesity

Obesity is an increasingly serious global health problem. Some studies have revealed that the gut microbiota and its metabolites make important contributions to the onset of obesity. The gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem composed of diverse microbial communities with key regulatory functions in host metabolism and energy balance. Disruption of the gut microbiota can result in obesity, a chronic metabolic condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. Host tissues (e.g., adipose, intestinal epithelial, and muscle tissues) can modulate the gut microbiota via microenvironmental interactions that involve hormone and cytokine secretion, changes in nutrient availability, and modifications of the gut environment. The interactions between host tissues and the gut microbiota are complex and bidirectional, with important effects on host health and obesity. This review provides a comprehensive summary of gut microbiota changes associated with obesity, the functional roles of gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and the importance of the complex interactions between the gut microbiota and target tissues in the pathogenesis of obesity. It places particular emphasis on the roles of adipose tissue microenvironment interactions in the onset of obesity.
Initial Validation of Cross Wind Effects on a Static High-Sided Vehicle

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has long been used by the automotive industry to optimise vehicle designs. Typically, simulations are performed with a vehicle moving into stationary air and the effect of the wind is ignored. This paper brings the wind effects to the fore and describes the set-up of a series of CFD simulations with a moving vehicle subject to a strong cross wind. The results from a series of CFD simulations of a static vehicle subject to a cross wind from a number of yaw angles are compared against both full scale and wind tunnel data. All simulations are transient and time-averaged values of drag, lift and overturning moments are presented. The positive and negative aspects of the modelling are discussed and a number of ideas for future work are presented.
The Long-Term Effects of Physical Activity on Blood Glucose Regulation: A Model to Unravel Diabetes Progression

Physical activity plays a key role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. However, despite the numerous clinical evidences, there are still no mathematical models that satisfactorily describe the effects of physical activity on the progression of diabetes, preventing its onset or slowing down its course. Instead, there are models describing the influence of single training sessions of physical activity on blood glucose and insulin levels in the short term. In this letter we propose a novel model for the long term effects of physical activity on diabetes progression, by exploiting and adapting an existing short-term model of physical activity. A pivotal role in the proposed model is played by interleukin-6 released during physical activity and known to be fundamental in maintaining pancreatic beta cells production and therefore satisfactory insulin secretion. The proposed simulation scenarios show how a modeling approach of physical activity that neglects the interleukin-6 action is not sufficient to capture the cumulative effects of physical exercise on disease progression. Indeed, preliminary results pave the way to natural extensions of the model to account for model-based control techniques for the long-term control of diabetes through personalized lifestyle interventions, properly accounting for the effects of physical activity on the long-term dynamics of blood glucose.
Assessing Students' Understanding of Variability in Graphical Representations that Share the Common Attribute of Bars

ABSTRACT Everyday encounters with graphical representations include a variety of graphs that superficially appear similar due to their use of bars. This article examines students' conceptions and misconceptions regarding the interpretation of variability in histograms, bar graphs, and value bar charts. A multiple choice assessment with brief written justifications was administered to students in an introductory level college statistics course. Assessment items included comparisons of variability among same-type graphs and questions regarding students' ability to identify key features of the graphs. The study revealed that students struggle to make sense of the underlying structures of the various types of graphs and often disregard graph type as they transfer correct conceptions of variability for one type of graph erroneously to other types of graphs.
Generalized Extending Ideals in Modular Lattices

The concept of an extending ideal and that of I -jectivity for an ideal in a lattice is introduced. It is shown that in a modular lattice, the direct sum of extending ideals is extending if and only if the ideals are relatively jective. We also define a generalized extending ideal in a lattice and obtain some properties and characterizations of such ideals in a modular lattice.
The physics of nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors

We investigate the detection mechanism in superconducting single photon detectors via quantum detector tomography. We find that the detection event is caused by diffusion of quasiparticles from the absorption spot, combined with entrance of a vortex. Moreover, we investigate the behaviour of superconducting single photon detectors in an external magnetic field.
Evaluation The Effect of Injecting Platelets Rich Plasma in Modulating Post Burn Scars

Background : An innovative supplement known as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is being utilised more often to cure soft tissue deficiencies, speed up the regeneration of new soft tissue, and treat chronic wounds that won't heal. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of injecting PRP in modulating the post burn scars at different stages. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective study, carried out on 48 patients as 3 groups each group had 16 patients in Al Menoufia University Hospital and Ras Al Teen Hospital. The first group was from day zero of burn till 4 weeks, the second group from 4 weeks till the 12 th week and the third group from 12 weeks till the 6 th month. Results: Hyperpigmented scars in 7 (43.8%) of Groups I, II and III and they were improved with mean 2.00±0.816, 2.14±0.690 and 2.43±0.976 respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Regarding depressed scars recorded in 2 (12.5%) of Group (I) and in 3 (18.8%) of group II, and in 1 (6.3%) of group III, they were improved with a mean of 4.00±0.000, 3.67±0.577 and 2.00±2.828 respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. While elevated scars were recorded in 8 (50.0%) of groups II and III, and 5 (31.1%) of Group (I). They were improved with a mean of 4.75±0.886 and 4.50±0.926, and 4.60±0.894 respectively, with no statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusion: The current study showed that the treatment of post-burn scars with intralesional injection of PRP seems to be safe and effective as well as cost-effective. Our results showed that PRP effects were affected by duration of scars as treatment after short duration from burns gave better effect.
The Impact of Digital Service Quality Toward Customer Engagement: A Case Study of Telemedicine in Thailand

Purpose: The aims of this study are to examine the effect of digital service quality on customer engagement with telemedicine systems and to investigate how such effects change depending on a variety of socioeconomic characteristics. Design/methodology/approach: The survey research with online questionnaire was conducted with 405 telemedicine experienced samples. The proposed hypotheses were tested using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Findings: The results revealed that digital service quality significantly influences customer engagement. A second-order confirmatory factor analysis of the digital service quality (DSQ) construct revealed that the efficiency dimension best explained DSQ, followed by the responsiveness and interaction dimensions. The study of moderation revealed that the effect of DSQ on CE was greater in younger age groups than in older age groups. In addition, those with a higher level of formal education appear to have higher levels of CE than those with a lesser level of formal education. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study will help practitioners create telemedicine services that are more efficient and effective so that patients are more engaged and loyal to the telemedicine service providers. Originality/value: The value of the study is that it is one of the rare attempts to clarify the consequences of digital service quality from the perspective of the consumer, and it proposes several implications and recommendations.
Gregor Mendel's Genetic Experiments A Statistical Analysis after 150 Years

Gregor Mendel is generally acknowledged not only as the founder of genetics but also as the author of the rst mathematical result in biology. Although his education had been questioned for a long time, he was profoundly educated in botany as well as physics and in those parts of mathematics (combinatorics, probability theory) applied in his later pea plants experiments. Nevertheless, there remain debates in statistical literature about the reasons why are Mendel's results in such a too good accordance with expected values [22, 28]. The main aim of this paper is to propose new two-stage statistical models, which are in a better accordance with Mendel's data than a classical model, where the latter considers a xed sample size. If Mendel realized his experiments following such two-stage algorithm, which cannot be however proven, the results would purify Mendel's legacy and remove the suspicions that he modi ed the results. Mendel's experiments are described from a statistical point of view and his data are shown to be close to randomly generated data from the novel models. Such model is found as the most suitable, which is remarkably simpler according to the model of [28], while the new model yields only slightly weaker results. The paper also discusses Mendel's legacy from the point of view of biostatistics.
Dynamic Forces of Swaying Human and Responses of Temporary Demountable Grandstand Based on Experiment and Simulation

Modern temporary demountable structures must be designed to withstand the dynamic forces which generated by crowd occupants. The human forces and that cause the dynamic responses of structure have become an important research topic. In this paper, the human swaying forces and responses of temporary demountable grandstand are studied through an experimental program. The dynamic forces that were induced by participants who have swayed 0.5–1.8 Hz are recorded by a triaxial human biomechanics force plate, and the structural dynamic responses of a temporary grandstand occupied twenty swaying human are investigated. The constraint parameters of swaying force model which derives from a semiempirical formula are developed and can be represented for crowd. Crowd can able to induce excessive lateral vibration of structure due to the lower frequency of temporary grandstand and make them in panic. The dynamic responses of a large temporary grandstand are predicted by finite element method, and the results show that a person was considered as a load with stiffness and damping, and the structural lateral dynamic responses are higher than the model of person just only considered as load.
Analytical Solution of the Stability Problem for the Truncated Hemispherical Shell under Tensile Loading

Analytical solution of the problem of buckling of truncated hemispherical shell of revolution, subjected to tension loading, is obtained. Assumption of membrane prebuckling state is applied, and the range of applicability of this assumption is estimated. The developed algorithm is based on the asymptotic simplification procedure of bifurcation equations. The formula for the bifurcation tension load is derived and compared with the earlier published empirical and numerical results. It is shown that it is sufficiently accurate and can be used in engineering practice.
EXAMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE ENVIRONMENT

In this study, it is aimed to determine the environmental awareness of primary school students and their attitudes towards the environment. The environmental awareness and attitudes towards the environment of 4th grade primary school students have been examined according to the variables of gender, mother's education level, and father's education level. Relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 90 primary school students (54 girls, 36 boys) studying in a public school in the Central Black Sea Region in the 2020-2021 academic year. The research data has been collected using the "Primary School Environmental Awareness Scale" developed by Yıldız Yılmaz and Mentiş Taş (2017) and the "Primary School Environmental Attitude Scale" developed by Artvinli and Demir (2018). Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to find the relationship between students' environmental awareness and attitudes towards the environment in the data obtained in the study. In order to determine whether primary school students' environmental awareness and attitudes towards the environment change according to the determined variables, the distribution of the data was examined and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, Two-Factor ANOVA for Unrelated Samples, Mann-Whitney U Tests from Non-Parametric Test methods were applied. According to the research findings, it was determined that the general averages of environmental awareness and the environmental responsibility in the sub-dimension of primary school students were at a high level, the sub-dimensions of life in nature and the recyclable energy sources and their usage were at a very high level, and the sub-dimension of the continuity of living things was at a moderate level. It has been found out that the environmental awareness of primary school students has not changed according to the variables of gender, mother's education level, and father's education level. It has been determined that the attitudes and sub-dimensions of primary school students towards the environment are at a moderate level. There was no statistically significant difference in the attitudes towards the environment and its sub-dimensions according to the educational status of the mother. A significant difference has been found in the positive environmental behaviors sub-dimension, which is one of the environmental attitude sub-dimensions, according to the educational status of the father. There was no statistically significant difference between primary school students' environmental awareness and their attitudes towards the environment. In order to increase students' environmental awareness and attitudes towards the environment, it is recommended to plan theoretical and applied activities by associating them with different courses. Article visualizations:
A Need Analysis Of Reaction Rate Electronic Module With Socio-Scientific Issues Approach To Improve Student Science Literacy

The most important achievement in learning science is students’ scientific literacy skills in processing and communicating phenomena in life into science concepts that have been studied at school. One approach that can foster scientific literacy skills is the approach to social issues in life in teaching materials in schools. This study aims (1) to analyze students’ needs for teaching materials; (2) to analyze students’ learning needs with the Socio Scientific Issues approach; and (3) to analyze students’ scientific literacy preconceptual abilities. The method used is descriptive quantitative, using a clinical interview guideline instrument, with research subjects consisting of 10 students. This study used a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis involves several steps, namely data reduction, categorization, validity check, interpretation, and inference. The results of this study indicate that 1) There were 50% of students stated that they were bored with existing teaching materials, 54% stated that they preferred teaching materials that could be read as well as heard, 70% preferred modules, and 70% were very interested in social issues related to reaction rates, 2) Very few students can identify the context correctly and can explain correctly, 3) There were 45% of students did not know, 26% doubtful, and 29% students who know the application of scientific social issues. This shows that it is important to develop electronic chemistry modules based on socio-scientific issues to improve scientific literacy skills.