Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Ergosterol and Sphingolipids in the Localization and Activity of Candida albicans’ Multidrug Transporter Cdr1p and Plasma Membrane ATPase Pma1p

Opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans causes systemic infections named candidiasis. Due to the increasing number of multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of Candida sp. , currently employed antifungals (e.g., azoles) are insufficient for combating fungal infection. One of the resistance mechanisms toward azoles is increased expression of plasma membrane (PM) transporters (e.g., Cdr1p), and such an effect was observed in C. albicans clinical isolates. At the same time, it has been proven that a decrease in PMs sphingolipids (SLs) content correlates with altered sensitivity to azoles and diminished Cdr1p levels. This indicates an important role for SL in maintaining the properties of PM and gaining resistance to antifungal agents. Here, we prove using a novel spot variation fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (svFCS) technique that CaCdr1p localizes in detergent resistant microdomains (DRMs). Immunoblot analysis confirmed the localization of CaCdr1p in DRMs fraction in both the C. albicans WT and erg11Δ/Δ strains after 14 and 24 h of culture. We also show that the C. albicans erg11Δ/Δ strain is more sensitive to the inhibitor of SLs synthesis; aureobasidin A (AbA). AbA treatment leads to a diminished amount of SLs in C. albicans WT and erg11Δ/Δ PM, while, for C. albicans erg11Δ/Δ, the general levels of mannose-inositol-P-ceramide and inositol-P-ceramide are significantly lower than for the C. albicans WT strain. Simultaneously, the level of ergosterol in the C. albicans WT strain after adding of AbA remains unchanged, compared to the control conditions. Analysis of PM permeabilization revealed that treatment with AbA correlates with the disruption of PM integrity in C. albicans erg11Δ/Δ but not in the C. albicans WT strain. Additionally, in the C. albicans WT strain, we observed lower activity of H+-ATPase, correlated with the delocalization of both CaCdr1p and CaPma1p.
The absorption spectrum of CH3I in the extreme VUV

The absorption spectrum of methyl iodide has been photographed in the wavelength region 80-270 AA. Photoexcitation of the iodine 4d subshell was found to dominate the spectrum, giving rise to discrete 1A1 to 1A1, 1E transitions and a giant 4d to epsilon f continuum resonance. An analysis of the transitions is given and a value of 1.72+or-0.05 eV deduced for the 4d32/-4d5/2 spin-orbit splitting in the iodine atom.
Schémas non-conservatifs et schémas cinétiques pour la simulation numérique d'écoulements hypersoniques non visqueux en déséquilibre thermochimique

On s'interesse tout d'abord a la convergence de schemas non-conservatifs decentres (notes nc) pour des systemes hyperboliques conservatifs. On montre qu'en general, une violation de la stabilite faible du produit non-conservatif a pour consequence de faire converger le schema vers une solution qui n'est pas solution faible du probleme considere. Neanmoins, pour les equations d'Euler multi-especes multi-temperatures, l'analyse justifie et encourage l'utilisation de schemas nc pour le traitement des equations nc de transport des fractions massiques et des energies de vibration. Pour le traitement numerique du systeme entier, on propose une interpretation cinetique de sa partie homogene. La formulation s'inspire des idees de Perthame. Elle prend en compte les differentes caracteristiques de la physique des melanges de gaz. Le schema resultant est decentre de type Boltzmann. Une etude annexe a ete realisee de facon a justifier (ou non) l'utilisation de flux cinetiques vraiment multidimensionnels. Pour le calcul scientifique, on propose une extension implicite linearisee au second ordre de facon a obtenir des calculs precis et accelerer la convergence vers le champ d'un ecoulement stationnaire
Re-evaluation of the BIPM international standards for air kerma in x-rays

A re-evaluation of the BIPM standards for air kerma in low- and medium-energy x-rays has been made. The changes to the air-kerma rate determination arise from three sources: (i) the results of Monte Carlo calculations of diaphragm correction factors for the standards, (ii) a measurement of the effect of scatter from the diaphragm support and (iii) a re-evaluation of the electron-loss corrections for the medium-energy standard. Scatter from the diaphragm support explains a long-standing trend observed in the results of international comparisons for medium-energy x-rays. The new standards were implemented on 1 September 2009.
On the center of mass in general relativity

The classical notion of center of mass for an isolated system in general relativity is derived from the Hamiltonian formulation and represented by a flux integral at infinity. In contrast to mass and linear momentum which are well-defined for asymptotically flat manifolds, center of mass and angular momentum seem less well-understood, mainly because they appear as the lower order terms in the expansion of the data than those which determine mass and linear momentum. This article summarizes some of the recent developments concerning center of mass and its geometric interpretation using the constant mean curvature foliation near infinity. Several equivalent notions of center of mass are also discussed.
Clinical characteristics of 68 children with atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus A6: a single-center retrospective analysis

Background Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has become prevalent in many parts of the world. It is commonly referred to as atypical HFMD which more likely to present as bullous lesions. Compared with traditional HFMD, its misdiagnosis rate is relatively high, which brings difficulties to clinical diagnosis. We retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of children with HFMD with bullous lesions caused by CV-A6. Methods The study included 68 children with atypical HFMD caused by CV-A6 who were hospitalized from 2018 to 2020. Data of the children including age, sex, month of HFMD onset, the morphologies and distribution of rashes, the details of fever, the presence or absence of onychomadesis, and laboratory test results were analyzed and compared between an infant group (<1 year), a toddler group (1–<3 years), and a preschool group (3–<6 years). Results Of the 68 children, 67 were younger than 5 years old, with a male to female ratio of 1.62:1. The disease peaked in the period from June to September. With 75.0% of the infant group had more than three kinds of rashes; 95.0% of the preschool group had rashes in more than five locations. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). All children had fever. The peak fever in the toddler group was lower (P=0.033). No critical cases were observed in any of the groups. Of the 61 children who were successfully followed up, 68.9% developed onychomadesis within 2–3 weeks. The proportion of cases with abnormal liver function was 83.3%, 41.7%, and 10.0% in the infant, toddler, and preschool groups (P<0.001). The proportion of cases with increased serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) were significantly higher in the toddler group (P<0.05). Conclusions Atypical HFMD caused by CV-A6 infection usually occurred in children under 5 years old. The morphologies of the rashes in the infant group changed more, while the rashes in the preschool group was more widely distributed. The incidence of critical cases was low. More than half of the cases can develop onychomadesis in the recovery period. Organ damage was relatively mild in the preschool group.
Influence of Tamoxifen on Different Biological Pathways in Tumorigenesis and Transformation in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Mammary Cells and Mammary Carcinoma Cell Lines—An In Vitro Study

Breast carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. In cases of hormone-sensitive cells, tamoxifen as an anti-estrogenic substance is a first line medication in the adjuvant setting. The spectrum of autologous breast reconstructions ranges from fat infiltrations to complex microsurgical procedures. The influence of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) on the tumor bed and a possibly increased recurrence rate as a result are critically discussed. In addition, there is currently no conclusive recommendation regarding tamoxifen-treated patients and autologous fat infiltrations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of tamoxifen on the gene expression of a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis, cell growth and transformation. Mammary epithelial cell line and mammary carcinoma cell lines were treated with tamoxifen in vitro as well as co-cultured with ASC. Gene expression was quantified by PCR arrays and showed increased expression in the mammary carcinoma cell lines with increasing time of treatment and concentration of tamoxifen. The data presented can be considered as an addition to the controversial discussion on the relationship between ASC and breast carcinoma cells. Further studies are needed to quantify the in vivo interaction of ASC and mammary carcinoma cells and to conclusively assess the impact of tamoxifen in reconstructive cases with fat grafting.
Subaging in underparametrized deep neural networks

We consider a simple classification problem to show that the dynamics of finite–width Deep Neural Networks in the underparametrized regime gives rise to effects similar to those associated with glassy systems, namely a slow evolution of the loss function and aging. Remarkably, the aging is sublinear in the waiting time (subaging) and the power–law exponent characterizing it is robust to different architectures under the constraint of a constant total number of parameters. Our results are maintained in the more complex scenario of the MNIST database. We find that for this database there is a unique exponent ruling the subaging behavior in the whole phase.
Finnish VET representatives’ interpretations of inclusion

The purpose of this study was to learn about Finnish VET representatives’ perceptions of inclusion. Discussions and research on inclusion in education have mainly concentrated on the comprehensive school context, although vocational education and training (VET) students may have multiple, intersectional experiences of disadvantage. Our data included representatives (N=53) from five different Finnish VET sectors. Through semi-structured interviews, we investigated their interpretations of inclusion. We applied an abductive approach in our analytical process that followed the principles of qualitative content analysis. Our findings indicated that the definition of inclusion is ambiguous. At the administration level, inclusion was related to ideology, whereas teachers spoke about special education practices. Work-life representatives connected inclusion to the principles of communality, and students appreciated this understanding and individual solutions in their studying and workplace learning. This study supports the view of earlier studies and addresses a need for shared understanding and values to engage with inclusion in practice. The VET sector would benefit from discussions and training in inclusion and inclusive principles, where the study works as an initiator.
Quantum corrections to the conductivity in two-dimensional systems: Agreement between theory and experiment

The quantum correction to the conductivity have been studied in two types of 2D heterostructures: with doped quantum well and doped barriers. The consistent analysis shows that in the structures where electrons occupy the states in quantum well only, all the temperature and magnetic field dependencies of the components of resistivity tensor are well described by the theories of quantum corrections. The contribution of electron-electron interaction to the conductivity have been determined reliably in the structures with different electron density. A possible reason of large scatter in experimental data concerning the contribution of electron-electron interaction, obtained in previous papers, and the role of the carriers, occupied the states of the doped layers, is discussed.
A finite rotation shell theory with application to composite structures

ABSTRACT In this paper we derive a finite element formulation for geometrical nonlinear shell structures. The formulation bases on a direct introduction of the isoparametric finite element formulation into the shell equations. The element allows the occurence of finite rotations which are described by a rotation tensor. A layerwise linear elastic material model for composites is chosen. The consistent linearization of all equations leads to quadratic convergence behaviour within the nonlinear solution procedure. Examples show the applicability and effectivity of the developed element.
Virtual Screening in the Identification of Sirtuins’ Activity Modulators

Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deac(et)ylases with different subcellular localization. The sirtuins’ family is composed of seven members, named SIRT-1 to SIRT-7. Their substrates include histones and also an increasing number of different proteins. Sirtuins regulate a wide range of different processes, ranging from transcription to metabolism to genome stability. Thus, their dysregulation has been related to the pathogenesis of different diseases. In this review, we discussed the pharmacological approaches based on sirtuins’ modulators (both inhibitors and activators) that have been attempted in in vitro and/or in in vivo experimental settings, to highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting one/more specific sirtuin isoform(s) in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and type 2 diabetes. Extensive research has already been performed to identify SIRT-1 and -2 modulators, while compounds targeting the other sirtuins have been less studied so far. Beside sections dedicated to each sirtuin, in the present review we also included sections dedicated to pan-sirtuins’ and to parasitic sirtuins’ modulators. A special focus is dedicated to the sirtuins’ modulators identified by the use of virtual screening.
Improving students' physics learning outcomes through the snowball throwing type of cooperative learning model

Improving students' physics learning outcomes through the snowball throwing type of cooperative learning model. This study aims to improve physics learning outcomes through cooperative learning type snowball throwing. This study uses a two-cycle Class Action Research (CAR) model. The research was carried out on class XI students who took physics classes. There were 34 students involved (24 girls and 10 boys). Student learning outcomes were assessed using multiple choice test instruments. Student learning outcomes were analyzed using the percentage technique. The research is declared successful if the average increase in student learning outcomes reaches 67 and classical completeness reaches 80%. The results showed increased student learning outcomes after applying snowball throwing cooperative learning. So, cooperative learning with the type of snowball throwing can improve the physics learning outcomes of class XI students who take physics classes.
Use of an Interactive Obesity Treatment Approach in Individuals With Severe Mental Illness: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Proposed Engagement Criteria

Background Digital and mobile health interventions are increasingly being used to support healthy lifestyle change, including in certain high-risk populations such as those with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Life expectancy in this population lags 15 years behind counterparts in the general population, primarily due to obesity-related health conditions. Objective We tested the feasibility and usability of a 12-week interactive obesity treatment approach (iOTA) to adults with chronic SMIs (depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorder) receiving treatment in community settings. The iOTA incorporates short message service (SMS) text messages to supplement monthly in-person health coaching. Methods Factors hypothesized to be associated with weight change were illness severity and treatment engagement. Severe psychiatric symptoms were defined as baseline Clinical Global Impression severity score of >5. Criterion engagement was defined as a text messaging response rate >80% during the first 4 weeks of treatment. Disordered eating, assessed with the Loss of Control Over Eating Scores, was also evaluated. Participants provided qualitative data, further informing assessment of intervention feasibility, usability, and acceptability. Results A total of 26 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 48.5 (SD 15.67) years; 40% (10/26) were Black and 60% (15/26) female. Participants with lower symptom severity and adequate engagement demonstrated significantly decreased weight (F1,16=22.54, P<.001). Conversely, high symptom severity and lower text message response rates were associated with trend-level increases in weight (F1,7=4.33, P=.08). Loss-of-control eating was not observed to impact treatment outcome. Participants voiced preference for combination of live health coaching and text messaging, expressing desire for personalized message content. Conclusions These results demonstrate the feasibility of delivering an adapted iOTA to SMI patients receiving care in community settings and suggest testable criteria for defining sufficient treatment engagement and psychiatric symptom severity, two factors known to impact weight loss outcomes. These important findings suggest specific adaptations may be needed for optimal treatment outcomes in individuals with SMI.
Sociocultural Dynamics of Welfare Support in Central Asia: Findings from Nationally Representative Surveys

Abstract This study assesses how the countries of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia are attempting to utilize welfare reform to address the growing concerns around wealth inequality. Specifically, it seeks to better understand citizen support for welfare services within these two countries and how cultural aspects of these two societies have shaped the welfare reform dialogue and service planning processes. The authors used nationally representative data from Life in Transition surveys (LiTS) conducted in 2010 (N = 1,000 in Kazakhstan; N = 1,016 in Kyrgyzstan) and 2015 (N = 1,505 in Kazakhstan; N = 1,500 in Kyrgyzstan) by the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development. The study performs empirical testing of hypotheses of welfare support based on theories of self-interest, reciprocity, and Muslim identity. Findings indicate that: (a) the use of public services increased the support for welfare programs; (b) personal encounters with bribing reduced the support for welfare over time; and (c) the Muslim identity increased the willingness to pay more taxes among citizens for such services. Future studies should include assessing the religiousness and Zakat-related adherence of Muslim respondents.
Lecture Notes On Regularity Theory For The Navier-stokes Equations

Preliminaries Linear Stationary Problem Non-Linear Stationary Problem Linear Non-Stationary Problem Non-Linear Non-Stationary Problem Local Regularity Theory for Non-Stationary Navier-Stokes Equations Behaviour of L3-Norm Appendix A: Backward Uniqueness and Unique Continuation Appendix B: Lemarie-Riesset Local Energy Solutions
Decentralized sliding mode control for multimachine power systems using only output information

In this paper, robust output feedback stabilization for multimachine power systems is considered. The power system is interconnected by a set of subsystems through a network transmission which is nonlinear and has an associated nonlinear bound. The uncertainty of the input matrix, and the mismatched uncertainty associated with the interconnections are both considered. Under some mild conditions, a decentralized sliding mode control scheme is developed. The conservatism of the obtained results is reduced by fully using the system output and the structures of uncertainties. Finally simulation results for a 3-machine power system are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Effects of mitomycin-C on tear film function following photorefractive keratectomy for mild-to-moderate myopia

Background: Mitomycin C (MMC) is used to prevent corneal opacity after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). This study sought to determine the effect of MMC on tear film function after PRK in eyes with mild-to-moderate myopia.Methods: This prospective, contralateral eye comparison was conducted on 30 eyes of 15 patients with low-to-moderate myopia referred to Alzahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan, Iran. The eyes of the control group underwent PRK with a balanced salt solution, while the fellow eyes in the intervention group underwent PRK with 0.02% MMC for 25 s. The tear breakup time test (TBUT) and basic Schirmer test results of eyes in the control and intervention groups were compared at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Tear osmolarity was recorded and compared at baseline and 3 months postoperatively. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of participants was 27.53 ± 7.04 years. No statistically significant differences were observed in the means ± SDs for tear osmolarity, TBUT, and basic Schirmer test values (all P > 0.05) between MMC-treated eyes and untreated fellow eyes at baseline and during postoperative follow-up. The means ± SDs for tear osmolarity, TBUT, and basic Schirmer test results were comparable in both groups between the baseline and postoperative follow-ups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Single application of a standard dose of MMC (0.02%) for 25 s in PRK did not change tear stability, tear production, or variation in tear dynamics up to 6 months postoperatively in eyes with low-to-moderate myopia. Future longitudinal studies with a longer follow-up and a larger sample size are warranted to confirm our findings.
Partitions with equal products and elliptic curves

Let $a,b,c$ be distinct positive integers. Set $M=a+b+c$ and $N=abc$. We give an explicit description of the Mordell-Weil group of the elliptic curve $\displaystyle E_{(M,N)}:y^2-Mxy-Ny=x^3$ over $\Q$. In particular we determine the torsion subgroup of $E_{(M,N)}(\Q)$ and show that its rank is positive. Furthermore there are infinitely many positive integers $M$ that can be written in $n$ different ways, $n\in\{2,3\}$, as the sum of three distinct positive integers with the same product $N$ and $E_{(M,N)}(\Q)$ has rank at least $n$.
Fodder productivity and economics of pearlmillet (Pennisetum typhoides) with legumes intercropping under various row proportions

A field experiment was conducted during the summer seasons of 2007 and 2008 at Sabour to assess the pro- ductivity and economics of intercropping of forage pearlmillet [ Pennisetum typhoides (L.) R. Br. Emend & Stuntz. ] with cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ], clusterbean [ Cyamposis tetragonaloba (L.) Taub. ] and rice bean [ Vigna umbellata (Thumb) ohwi and ohashi] under 4 row proportions, viz., 1: 1, 1: 2, 2: 1 and 2: 2. Fodder yields of both the component crops were substantially reduced under intercropping system compared with their sole stands. Pooled analysis of 2 years showed that pearlmillet + cowpea (2: 2) recorded significantly higher total green (52.8 t/ha), dry fodder (13.24 t/ha), crude protein yield (1.36 t/ha), as well as net returns (Rs 24,060/ha) compared with the other treatments. The highest land-equivalent ratio (1.42), relative crowding coefficient (6.54) and lowest value of competitive ratio (1.29) also indicated superiority of pearlmillet + cowpea system. Among the component crops, pearlmillet was more competitive and aggressive to legume intercrops. However, maximum aggressivity index (0.55) and competitive ratio (3.42) were obtained with pearlmillet + clusterbean (1: 2). Thus, in- tercropping of pearlmillet and cowpea in 2: 2 row ratio may be adopted for higher fodder productivity, quality and profitability during summer.