Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional survey of non-specialist Australian audio-vestibular clinical practice for traumatic brain injury and rehabilitation

Abstract Objective: This study explored non-specialist audiological clinical practice in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and whether such practices incorporated considerations of TBI-related complexities pertaining to identification, diagnosis and management of associated auditory and vestibular disturbances. Design: A cross-sectional online survey exploring clinical practice, TBI-related training and information provision was distributed to audiologists across Australia via Audiology Australia and social media. Fifty audiologists, 80% female and 20% male, participated in this study. Years of professional practice ranged from new graduate to more than 20 years of experience. Results: Clear gaps of accuracy in knowledge and practice across all survey domains relating to the identification, diagnosis and management of patients with auditory and/or vestibular deficits following TBI were evident. Further, of the surveyed audiologists working in auditory and vestibular settings, 91% and 86%, respectively, reported not receiving professional development for the diagnosis and management of post-traumatic audio-vestibular deficits. Conclusion: Inadequate resources, equipment availability and TBI-related training may have contributed to the gaps in service provision, influencing audiological management of patients with TBI. A tailored TBI approach to identification, diagnosis and management of post-traumatic auditory and vestibular disturbances is needed.
Nitric-Oxide Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurements in the Hypersonic Materials Environmental Test System

Planar laser-induced fluorescence of naturally occurring nitric oxide has been used to provide insight into baseline flow conditions of the Hypersonic Materials Environmental Test System 400 kW arc-heated wind tunnel at NASA Langley Research Center via radial and axial velocity measurements and instantaneous flow-visualization images. This represents both the first flow-tagging velocity measurements and the first application of nitric-oxide planar laser-induced fluorescence flow visualization in an arcjet facility. Results are presented at selected facility run conditions, including some in a simulated Earth atmosphere (75% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, 5% argon) and others in a simulated Martian atmosphere (71% carbon dioxide, 24% nitrogen, 5% argon) for specific bulk enthalpies ranging from 6.5 to 18.4 MJ/kg. Flow-visualization images reveal the presence of large-scale unsteady flow structures and indicate nitric-oxide fluorescence signal over more than 70% of the core flow for specific bulk enthalpies below a.
Radio Astrophysics : Nonthermal Processes in Galactic and Extragalactic Sources

W . A . WOOSTER and A. BRETON: Experimental Crystal Physics. Second Edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1970; p. Ix-150; s. 60/-. A. G. PACHOLCZYK: Radio Astrophysics, Nonthermal Processes in Galactic and Extragalactic Sources. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francesco, 1070; p. xxi-269; s. 122/-. J. B. MARION: Classical Dynamics o] Particles and Systems. Second Edit ion. Academic Press, London and New York, 1970; p. xvi-573; $ 13.25. J. WILKS: An Introduction to Niquid Helium. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1970; p. IX-165; s. 28/-. Actions chimiques et biologiques des radiations. Collection dirigde par M. HAISSINSKY. Quatorzigme sdrie. Masson et C.ie, Editeurs, Paris, 1970; p. 240; F. 110. E. ROUBINE: Introduction ~t la thdorie de la communication. Masson et C.ie, Editeurs, Paris, 1970. Tome I : Signaux non aldatoires; p. vi-216; F. 80. Tome I I : Signaux aldatoires; p. 155; F. 64; Tome I I I : Thdorie de l'in]ormation; p. 159; F. 64.
Effects of compost and biofertilizer on carbon dioxide emission, yield, and quality of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plants grown on clay loam

Abstract Use of compost and biofertilizer provides nutrients to crops and improves the chemical and physical properties of soils. A pot and incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of compost and Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasiliense as biofertilizer on the carbon dioxide emission, nutrient availability under various incubation periods (0-time, 3, 7, 14, 30, 45, and 60 days) and growth, quality, and yield of roselle plants in pots. The treatments were control (C), compost 14 ton ha−1 (T1) and compost + biofertilizer (T2). Results showed that the soil CO2 flux was increased by 24.38, 33.16, 68.46, 70.17, 62.62, 50.34, and 47.49% over the control for 0-time, 3, 7, 14, 30, 45, and 60-days incubation periods, respectively, at compost + biofertilizer treatments. Available N was increased by increasing incubation period to two months 71.07, 63.67, 63.17, 57.77, 62.57, 57.89, and 58.01%, respectively, under treatment of compost + biofertilizer. The heaviest sepals of fresh and dry weights of sepals were gained by compost + biofertilizer treatment. Total anthocyanin and total flavonol increased by 29.68 and 32.45%, respectively, above the untreated plants. Also, the available N, P, and K content in the soil after the harvesting stage of roselle plants increased by 174.85, 178.24, and 50.96%, respectively, using compost with bio fertilizer treatment. Compost application with biofertilizer may, therefore, be a good strategy for increased to nutrient availability, growth parameter, and yield.
Psychological Distress and Physical Adverse Events of COVID-19 Vaccination among Healthcare Workers in Taiwan

The COVID-19 pandemic places high pressure on everyone, including healthcare workers (HCWs), thus causing them to experience psychological distress. HCWs have priority in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. However, few studies have identified adverse events (AEs) and psychological distress in the HCWs group. Therefore, we investigated the association between psychological distress and AEs and the determinants of protective behaviors in Taiwanese HCWs. A longitudinal measurement was conducted among HCWs at National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKUH), Tainan, Taiwan (n = 483, mean age = 37.55 years). All HCWs completed an online questionnaire on psychological distress, COVID-19 vaccination AEs, and protective behaviors. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to analyze the correlation between psychological distress and AEs, and used multivariable logistic regressions to explore the predictors of protective behaviors. Depression and distress and anger were significantly associated with various physical AEs (p = 0.045 to p < 0.001). Suicidal thoughts became a significant independent variable of systemic AEs after COVID-19 vaccination (p = 0.014 to p < 0.001). People of older ages or females engaged more in washing their hands, wearing masks, and reducing their presence in crowded places. Suicidal thoughts were related to the occurrence of systemic AEs among HCWs. Doctors performed better at preventive behaviors compared to nurses and other HCWs. HCWs who experienced anxiety and nervousness tended to avoid crowds.
Binding of Ca2+ Ions to Alkylbenzene Sulfonates: Micelle Formation, Second Critical Concentration and Precipitation

Anionic surfactants, such as sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (NaLAS), are utilized in various fields, including industry, household, and agriculture. The efficiency of their use in aqueous environments is significantly affected by the presence of cations, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in particular, as they can decrease the concentration of the surfactant due to precipitation. To understand cation–sulfonate interactions better, we study both NaLAS colloidal solutions in the presence of CaCl2 and precipitates forming at higher salt concentrations. Upon addition of CaCl2, we find the surface tension and critical micelle concentration of NaLAS to decrease significantly, in line with earlier findings for alkylbenzylsulfonates in the presence of divalent cations. Strikingly, an increase in the surface tension is discernible above 0.6 g L–1 NaLAS, accompanied by the decrease of apparent micelle sizes, which in turn gives rise to transparent systems. Thus, there appears to be a second critical concentration indicating another micellar equilibrium. Furthermore, the maximum salt tolerance of the surfactant is 0.1 g L–1 Ca2+, above which rapid precipitation occurs yielding sparingly soluble CaLAS2∙2H2O.
Two-Phase Flow Pattern Map for Evaporation in Horizontal Tubes: Latest Version

A two-phase flow pattern map was originally proposed by Kattan, Thome, and Favrat as part of a new flow pattern-based flow boiling model for predicting local heat transfer coefficients during evaporation in horizontal tubes in the fully stratified flow regime, the stratified-wavy regime, the intermittent flow regime, the annular flow regime, and for annular flow with partial dryout. Zürcher, Thome, and Favrat improved on this flow pattern map by empirically correcting two of the transition boundaries based on extensive new flow pattern observations for ammonia, but it still requires an iterative solution of numerous equations. Zürcher, Favrat, and Thome have since proposed an even more detailed method for predicting flow pattern transitions by taking into account the intertwined effects of void fraction on flow transition and flow pattern on void fraction, resulting in a map that is very effective but very complex to implement. In the newest version of this map, the goal of which was to simplify the method to avoid iterative calculations as much as possible while retaining its accuracy, the Rouhani and Axelsson void fraction equation is used in the transition equations rather than the original method of Taitel and Dukler in this map. This provides a simpler method for calculating the transitions and gives equivalent results. Simulated flow maps for R-134a, R-22, and R-410a are shown here, as well as the effect of tube diameter on the transition boundaries. Future directions in flow map developments are discussed, such as the application of this map to intube condensation.
Thermal and nonthermal motions in dense cores

Kinetic temperature and NH3 line width data for 61 dense cores with embedded IRAS sources show that the nonthermal component of the core motions increases with source luminosity more rapidly than does the thermal component. The trends cross in the luminosity range 7-22 solar luminosities, which divides the regimes of thermal and nonthermal motions. Maps of line widths in dense cores and their surrounding clouds indicate that nonthermal line broadening is due not only to stellar winds, but also to gas properties independent of the star. The 'initial conditions' for motions in cores forming lower-mass stars are primarily thermal, while those in cores forming higher mass stars are probably primarily nonthermal. These differences in core properties may arise from differences in the relative proportion of magnetic and gravitational energy in the condensing core. 30 refs.
Photoelectron fluxes in the ionosphere computed by a Monte Carlo Method

The motions of photoelectrons in the ionosphere were simulated by a Monte Carlo technique developed specifically for this purpose. The physical model adopted for these simulations included transport effects, photoelectron collisions (both elastic and inelastic) with the three major neutral gases, and a continuous energy loss to ambient thermal electrons. The Monte Carlo approach allowed angular scattering due to photoelectron-neutral collisions to be considered in a complete and natural fashion. Two model atmospheres corresponding to two levels of solar activity were treated. For each model, photoelectron fluxes were computed as functions of altitude, energy, and pitch angle. A photoelectron escape flux of 2.5×108 cm−2 sec−1, carrying 3.6×109 ev cm−2 sec−1, was calculated for the model having moderate solar activity. The pitch-angle distribution of the escaping flux was found to be skewed toward small pitch angles. The magnitudes of the computed fluxes and other features of the results, such as the albedo of the atmosphere, are discussed and are compared with satellite and radar measurements and with the results of other calculations.
FINITENESS THEOREMS FOR RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS.

1. The purpose of this paper is to show that if one puts arbitrary fixed bounds on the size of certain geometrical quantities associated with a riemannian metric, then the set of diffeomorphism classes of compact ndimensional manifolds admitting a metric for which these bounds are satisfied is finite. As an application, we show that the set of diffeomorphism classes of compact n-manifolds, (n , 4) for which some characteristic number is nonzero, and which admit an Einstein metric of nonnegative curvature, is finite. Our main tool is a theorem giving a lower bound for the injectivity radius of the exponential map. The results represent an improved version of a portion of the author's doctoral thesis and he again wishes to thank Professors S. Bochner and J. Simons for their advice and encouragement. A weaker version of part C) of Corollary 3. 3 is due independently to A.
Upper Oceanic Warming in the Gulf of Mexico between 1950 and 2020

We estimate ocean heat content (OHC) change in the upper 2000 m in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) from 1950 to 2020 to improve understanding of regional warming. Our estimates are based on 192,890 temperature profiles from the World Ocean Database. Warming occurs at all depths and in most regions except for a small region at northeastern GOM between 200 and 600m. GOM OHC in the upper 2000m increases at a rate of 0.38±0.13 ZJ decade−1 between 1970 and 2020, which is equivalent to 1.21±0.41 TeraWatts (TW). The GOM sea surface temperature (SST) increased ~1.0±0.25 °C between 1970 and 2020, equivalent to a warming rate of 0.19±0.05 °C decade−1. Although SST in the GOM increases at a rate approximately twice that for the global ocean, the full-depth ocean heat storage rate in the GOM (0.86±0.26 W m−2) applied to the entire GOM surface is comparable to that for the global ocean (0.82 to 1.11 W m−2). The upper 1000m layer accounts for approximately 80-90% of the total warming and variations in the upper 2000m in the GOM. The Loop Current advective net heat flux is estimated to be 40.7±6.3 TW through the GOM. A heat budget analysis shows the difference between the advective heat flux and the ocean heat storage rate (1.76±1.36 TW, 1992-2017) can be roughly balanced with the annual net surface heat flux from ECCO (−37.9 TW).
Glutathione S-Transferase M1/T1 Polymorphisms and Schizophrenia Risk: A New Method for Quality Assessment and a Systematic Review

Background GST genes were reported to be involved in susceptibility to mental disorder. The results between deletions of GST genes and schizophrenia were inconclusive and confusing. Therefore, we performed this updated meta-analysis to outline the association using a new method for quality assessment. Methods Sixteen reported studies were selected, and the overall OR and 95% CI were calculated and analyzed by Review Manager 5.4 and STATE 12. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for case–control studies was rewritten to evaluate the quality of published studies, as there was no “Exposure” in these studies and other factors should be suggested to assess the quality. Results There was no significant association between deletions of GST genes and SZ risk (p > 0.05 in Random model). We also failed to find a significant relation between null genotypes and SZ risk in East Asian population. Based on further analysis of PCR methods, GSTM1 null was weakly associated with SZ risk in 8 studies using multiplex PCR (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.00–1.37, p = 0.05), but GSTT1 null was a protective factor for SZ risk (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56–0.94, p = 0.02). When stratified by rewritten NOS stars and deductions, GSTM1 null was significantly associated with SZ risk in 9 studies with high quality (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.08–1.43, p = 0.002), and in 10 studies with no deductions (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05–1.38, p = 0.007). Conclusion GSTM1 null genotype may be a genetic risk factor for SZ in studies using multiplex PCR and high-quality studies. However, GSTT1 null might be a protective factor. Besides, we provided a new method for quality assessment and it was useful and should be promoted in further analysis.
Implanted Spherical Head Model for Numerical EMC Investigation

Caution should be exercised when using modern wireless telecommunication devices around sensitive electromedical equipment used in hospital intensive care units. Mobile telephones can also cause interference in certain other medical devices, such as cardiac pace makers and hearing aids. Key issues to address are the questions of whether mobile phones have a detrimental effect on implants, and how the interaction of the handset with the body can be minimized in order to both alleviate public fears and improve handset antenna performance and new prosthetic designs. This work aims to investigate the scattering of an electromagnetic (EM) wave from a perfectly conducting cylindrical implant of electrically small radius (of resonant length), embedded eccentrically into a dielectric spherical head model. The method of dyadic Green's function (DGF) for spherical vector wave functions is used. Analytical expressions for the scattered fields of a cylindrical implant embedded head model is obtained. Numerical results from analytical expressions are computed for this problem and then compared with the results from the same model using the finite difference time domain, EMU-FDTD electromagnetic simulator. The whole structure is assumed to be uniform along the propagation direction. It is assumed that the size of the head is much larger than the size and thickness of the implant so that the fringing field can be neglected. The effect of interconnecting cross sections and the fringing field are not taken into account. The advantage of the proposed analysis is its simplicity and efficiency in computation.
A distributional theory for asymptotic expansions

We present various techniques for the asymptotic expansions of generalized functions. We show that the moment asymptotic expansions hold for a very wide variety of kernels such as generalized functions of rapid decay and rapid oscillations. We do not use Mellin transform techniques as done by previous authors in the field. Instead, we introduce a direct approach that not only solves the one-dimensional problems but also applies to various multidimensional integrals and oscillatory kernels as well. This approach also helps in the development of various asymptotic series arising in diverse fields of mathematics and physics. We find that the asymptotic expansions of generalized functions depend on the selection of suitable spaces of test functions. Accordingly, we have exercised special care in classifying the spaces and the distributions defined on them. Furthermore, we use the theory of topological tensor products to obtain the expansions of vector-valued distributions. We present several examples to illustrate that many classical results follow in a simple manner. For instance, we derive from our results the asymptotic expansions of certain series considered by Ramanujan.
Inverse scattering for shape and impedance

We consider the inverse problem of determining both the shape and the impedance of a two-dimensional scatterer from a knowledge of the far-field pattern of the scattering of time-harmonic acoustic or electromagnetic waves by solving the ill posed nonlinear equation for the operator that maps the boundary and the boundary impedance of the scatterer onto the far-field pattern. We establish results on the injectivity of the linearized map and obtain satisfactory reconstructions by a regularized Newton iteration.
Effects of free‐stream turbulence on large‐scale coherent structures of separated boundary layer transition

It has been well established that large‐scale structures, usually called coherent structures, exist in many transitional and turbulent flows. The topology and range of scales of those large‐scale structures vary from flow to flow such as counter‐rotating vortices in wake flows, streaks and hairpin vortices in turbulent boundary layer. There has been relatively little study of large‐scale structures in separated and reattached transitional flows.
Increase in invasive group A streptococcal (Streptococcus pyogenes) infections (iGAS) in young children in the Netherlands, 2022

In 2022, a sevenfold increase in the number of notifiable invasive Streptococcus pyogenes (iGAS) infections among children aged 0–5 years was observed in the Netherlands compared with pre-COVID-19 pandemic years. Of 42 cases in this age group, seven had preceding or coinciding varicella zoster infections, nine were fatal. This increase is not attributable to a specific emm type. Vigilance for clinical deterioration as iGAS sign is warranted in young children, especially those with varicella zoster infection.
High-Performance Refractive Index-Based Sensor Using Ellipsoid Ag–Au Nanoparticles

The nanoparticles’ localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is sensitive to the surrounding medium refractive index change. Therefore, biosensing devices commonly use it as a refractive index-based sensor. In this work, an improvement strategy for the sensing performance of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) ellipsoid nanoparticles (NP-ELs) through controlling the size, aspect ratio (AR), and core–shell structure was proposed. The investigation was started by constructing a multiple oscillator model to derive the optical permittivity function and compute the absorption of nanoparticles via discrete dipole approximation (DDA). The change in position and width of the LSPR peak concerning the refractive index of the medium were calculated to determine the sensing performance. Sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) were used to describe the sensing performance. As a result, the AR parameter of nanoparticles was found to be more dominant in increasing sensitivity and FOM compared to particle size. In the core–shell structure, the absorption spectrum is also affected by the shell thickness, particle size, and AR. Therefore, those parameters can tune the sensing performance of the Ag–Au NP-ELs. The maximum sensitivity obtained for Ag–Au NP-ELs was 597.7 nm/RIU with an FOM of 34 RIU $^{-{1}}$ . Therefore, the high performance of refractive index-based sensor proposed in this study opens a new gate for developing biosensors in future.