Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Measurement Noninvariance a Threat to Inferences Drawn from Randomized Control Trials? Evidence From Empirical and Simulation Studies

Randomized control trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard when evaluating the impact of psychological interventions, educational programs, and other treatments on outcomes of interest. However, few studies consider whether forms of measurement bias like noninvariance might impact estimated treatment effects from RCTs. Such bias may be more likely to occur when survey scales are utilized in studies and evaluations in ways not supported by validation evidence, which occurs in practice. This study consists of simulation and empirical studies examining whether measurement noninvariance impacts treatment effects from RCTs. Simulation study results demonstrate that bias in treatment effect estimates is mild when the noninvariance occurs between subgroups (e.g., male and female participants), but can be quite substantial when being assigned to control or treatment induces the noninvariance. Results from the empirical study show that surveys used in two federally funded evaluations of educational programs were noninvariant across student age groups.
An Ensemble One Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network with Bayesian Optimization for Environmental Sound Classification

With the growth of deep learning in various classification problems, many researchers have used deep learning methods in environmental sound classification tasks. This paper introduces an end-to-end method for environmental sound classification based on a one-dimensional convolution neural network with Bayesian optimization and ensemble learning, which directly learns features representation from the audio signal. Several convolutional layers were used to capture the signal and learn various filters relevant to the classification problem. Our proposed method can deal with any audio signal length, as a sliding window divides the signal into overlapped frames. Bayesian optimization accomplished hyperparameter selection and model evaluation with cross-validation. Multiple models with different settings have been developed based on Bayesian optimization to ensure network convergence in both convex and non-convex optimization. An UrbanSound8K dataset was evaluated for the performance of the proposed end-to-end model. The experimental results achieved a classification accuracy of 94.46%, which is 5% higher than existing end-to-end approaches with fewer trainable parameters. Four measurement indices, namely: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, area under ROC curve, and the area under the precision-recall curve were used to measure the model performance. The proposed approach outperformed state-of-the-art end-to-end approaches that use hand-crafted features as input in selected measurement indices and time complexity.
A Set Covering Model for a Green Ship Routing and Scheduling Problem with Berth Time-Window Constraints for Use in the Bulk Cargo Industry

This paper presents a set covering model based on route representation to solve the green ship routing and scheduling problem (GSRSP) with berth time-window constraints for multiple bulk ports. A bi-objective set covering model is constructed with features based on the minimization of the total CO2 equivalent emissions and the total travel time subject to a limited number of berths in each port, berthing time windows, and the time window for each job. The solutions are obtained using the ε-constraint method, after which a Pareto frontier is plotted. This problem is motivated by the operations of feeder barges and terminals, where the logistics control tower is used to coordinate the routing and berthing time of its barges. We show that the proposed method outperforms the weighted sum method in terms of the number of Pareto solutions and the value of the hypervolume indicator.
Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Water and Fish: A Risk to Human Health

Water pollution is one of the most severe environmental problems that affect public health and can cause diseases as gastrointestinal diseases. Microbial pollution of Lake Manzala was studied in four main localities, Kapoty, Bashtier, Mataryia and Gamil areas which receive a high load of sewage, agricultural and industrial wastes from different sources. A total of 50 bacterial isolates from water and fish were identified using API 20E system, revealed that 20% of these bacterial strains, were related to Escherichia coli (E. coli), which has been subjected to different antibiotics, such as Ampicillin, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, tetracycline, Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol, rifampicin and Cefotaxime. All strains variation of resistance pattern, harboring Plasmid DNA are an indication of risk to human health in the communities around Manzala Lake, from such bacterial pathogens, which live in polluted and stressed environment.
The impact of COVID‐19 on consumption poverty in Mozambique

Abstract This study assesses the impact of COVID‐19 on household consumption poverty. To predict changes in income and the associated effects on poverty, we rely on existing estimated macroeconomic impacts. We assume two main impact channels: direct income/wage and employment losses. Our simulations suggest that consumption decreased by 7.1%–14.4% and that poverty increased by 4.3–9.9 percentage points in 2020. This points to a reversal of the positive poverty reduction trend observed in previous years. Poverty most certainly increased in the pre‐COVID period due to other shocks, so Mozambique finds itself in a deepening struggle against poverty.
Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Eccentric Horizontal Annuli between Heated Outer Tube and Cooled Inner Tube with Different Orientation. In the Case of Elliptical Outer Tube.

外管側を加熱し, 内管側を冷却した水平二重管を様々な角度に配置し, それぞれの配置角度における偏心に伴う二重管内の自然対流熱伝達に関して, 実験および数値解析を行った. 作動流体には空気を用い, 外管側を楕円形状管, 内管側を円管とした. 数値計算は二重管の配置角度φgおよび偏心量などをパラメータとして変化させて行い, 二重管の内部温度分布について実験結果と比較し, 良い一致を得た. 数値計算により, 温度場, 流れ場, 局所Nu数分布, および伝熱量などを求め, 内管側の伝熱量を用いて伝熱特性の評価を行った. これにより二重管の配置角度および偏心量を変えることによる伝熱促進や伝熱抑制の効果が見られ, これらを利用することにより, パッシブな伝熱制御の可能性を指摘した.
Intra-specific variation in phenology offers resilience to climate change for Eriophorum vaginatum

Phenology of arctic plants is an important determinant of the pattern of carbon uptake and may be highly sensitive to continued rapid climate change. Eriophorum vaginatum has a disproportionate influence over ecosystem processes in moist acidic tundra, but it is unclear whether its growth and phenology will remain competitive in the future. We asked whether northern tundra ecotypes of E. vaginatum could extend their growing season in response to direct warming and transplanting into southern ecosystems. At the same time, we asked whether southern ecotypes could adjust their growth patterns in order to thrive further north, should they disperse quickly enough. Detailed phenology measurements across three reciprocal transplant gardens and two years showed that some northern ecotypes were capable of growing for longer when conditions were favourable, but their biomass and growing season length was still shorter than the southern ecotype. Southern ecotypes retained large leaf length when transplanted north and mirrored the growing season length better than the others, mainly due to immediate green-up after snowmelt. All ecotypes retained the same senescence timing, regardless of environment, indicating a strong genetic control. E. vaginatum may remain competitive in a warming world if southern ecotypes can migrate north.
Evaluation of Nutrient Content and Acceptability of Pawpaw (Carica papaya) Soups Consumed by Tiv People of Benue State, Nigeria

Carica papaya (Pawpaw), a tropical plant with inexpensive fruit is underutilized and highly consumed in the ripe form in Nigeria. The fruit is reportedly high in niacin, vitamin C and calcium, with therapeutic properties. The matured unripe fruit is sliced, dried and cooked into soups by Tiv people of Benue State, Nigeria. The study was carried out to determine the nutrient, antinutrient and sensory attributes of three local soups prepared from unripe Pawpaw fruit as consumed by Tiv people. Fresh matured unripe Pawpaw fruit was obtained from Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan research farm, washed, peeled, sliced into chips and sun-dried. Sun-dried chips were rehydrated and prepared into three (Poucho, Tomato and Egusi) soups. Fresh Pawpaw fruit (PF), dry pawpaw chips (PC), Poucho (PS) and Egusi (ES) soups, and tomato stew (TS) were analysed for proximate, mineral, vitamin and anti-nutrient composition using standard methods of AOAC. Sensory attributes were evaluated using 30 panelists on nine-point hedonic scale. Dry PC and soups contained 12.0-55.2g moisture, 3.84-8.74g crude protein, 0.3-7.1g crude fat, and 82.1-24.6g carbohydrates /100g sample. Tomato stew was highest in carbohydrate, PS highest in crude fat, ES in protein and energy. The soups were rich in both macro and microminerals, with ES having highest values. The three soups were rich in beta-carotene, vitamins C and E, and low in antinutrients. The soups were acceptable to the panelists, and are hence, recommended for improving dietary diversity, antioxidant and micronutrient intake of consumers.
Directional prepositions and event endpoint conceptualization: a study of naar and richting in Dutch

abstractTwo Dutch directional prepositions (i.e., naar and richting) provide a useful paradigm to study endpoint conceptualization. Experiment 1 adopted a sentence comprehension task and confirmed the linguistic proposal that, when naar was used in motion event descriptions, participants were more certain that the reference object was the goal of the agent than when richting was used. Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 used this linguistic pair to test the effect of two factors (i.e., the actor’s goal and the interlocutor’s status) on endpoint conceptualization via language production tasks. We found significant effects of both factors. First, participants chose naar more often when there was an inference in the referential situation that the reference object was the actor’s goal than when there was no such inference. Second, participants chose richting more often when they were told to describe the referential scenario to a police officer than to a friend. Participants were more cautious with their statements and were less willing to commit themselves to stating the goal of the agent when talking to a police officer than to a friend. The results are discussed in relation to relevant linguistic theories and event theories.
Efficacy of calcium sodium phosphosilicate containing dentifrice in reducing dentin hypersensitivity compared to other dentifrices with dentin tubule occluding molecules: A systematic review

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of calcium sodium phosphosilicate in reducing dentin hypersensitivity compared to other dentin tubule occluding molecules. Methods: A structured research question was formulated, and an electronic search of available literature was carried out via PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. A hand search as well as a gray literature search were also carried out. The search produced a total of 67 articles. Of these, only eight articles were eligible to be included in our review. Risk of bias and study quality were checked using Cochrane tool. The review was registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD42018096200. Results: The results show a reduction in dentin hypersensitivity with calcium sodium phosphosilicate compared to many other molecules. However, nanohydroxyapatite showed a better desensitizing effect compared to Novamin. Conclusion: According to the available evidence, 5 % calcium sodium phosphosilicate containing toothpaste is more effective reducing dentin hypersensitivity compared to many other dentinal tubule occluding molecules.
Effect of carry-over on the kinetics of chlorine dioxide delignification of an unbleached hardwood kraft pulp

This work is concerned with the kinetics of the prebleaching stage of a kraft pulp of Eucalyptus globulus with chlorine dioxide. Its main purpose is to discuss the influence of the degree of washing, expressed as the COD of the pulp, on the kinetics and stoichiometry of chlorine dioxide delignification. The effect of the carry-over on the rate of delignification of a Do stage was studied over time for pulps with different initial organic charges (COD). A set of experiments was specially designed to discriminate the individual role of lignin and of COD upon the initial consumption of chlorine dioxide. A modified mathematical model, taking into account the reactions of chlorine dioxide with both lignin and the carry-over, has been developed. In this model, the initial chlorine dioxide consumption (in the fast phase of reaction) is dependent on two factors: the carry-over of the pulp and the temperature of operation. However, the carry-over does not affect the corresponding initial depletion factor for the Kappa number. The role of the dissolved organic material, carried with the pulp, upon the rate of reaction in the slow period is better described in the stoichiometry. The fit of the experimental results obtained for pulps with different COD reveals good prediction capabilities for both Kappa number and chlorine dioxide concentration in a conventional Do stage.
Collaborative Curriculum Design in the Context of Financial Literacy Education

Financial literacy education is being integrated into school curricula at an increasing frequency. However, the majority of teachers lack the required competencies and teacher self-efficacy to effectively teach financial topics. In this study, we evaluated whether participation in teacher design teams (TDTs) results in high-quality educational materials, encouragement of professional learning, and ultimately, enhanced teacher self-efficacy in the face of pending curriculum reform. We conducted an exploratory multiple-case study in Flanders, Belgium. Data were collected from two TDTs that developed materials aligning with the financial literacy learning standards. We observed the team meetings and conducted interviews with the participating teachers and the team coach. Our results suggest that participation in TDTs supports the three outcome variables that we examined. However, they also revealed that each outcome shows room for improvement. Furthermore, the data provided additional evidence for the importance of meeting several input and process factors that had been previously shown to be essential for effective TDT function.
Effects of level of concentrate supplementation on milk production and ruminal pH in lactating cows on pasture

The effects of concentrate supplementation on milk production and ruminal fermentation was evaluated in six ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein dairy cows in a Latin rectangle design. Cows were fed 4 (C4), 8 (C8), and 12 (C12) kg DM/d of a concentrate supplement. Increasing amounts of concentrate supplement decreased pasture intake, but increased overall dry matter intake (DMI) and increased milk production without changing milk composition. Daily mean and minimum ruminal pH was similar for all treatments. Increasing supplementation increased time spent below pH 5.8, and resulted in a reduction in the in situ degradability of DM and NDF at 24 hrs. Total tract digestibility, total volatile fatty acid, ammonia concentrations, and microbial protein synthesis were not affected by increasing levels of supplementation. The highest level of supplementation of 12 kg DM/cow/d had negative effects on rumen fermentation and may not be beneficial in a pasture based system.
The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in patients seeking treatment other than psychiatric conditions: a cross-sectional study

Mental health is an important component of the total positive health, and it is interwoven closely with the physical and physiological dynamics of the human body. According to WHO, mental health is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and can make a contribution to his or her community. "The WHO stresses that mental health" is not just the absence of mental disorder. Good mental health is related to mental and psychological wellbeing.
Influence at different operation conditions on the acerola juice concentration by reverse osmosis, using spiral membrane of composite film

The concentration of acerola juice, involves removal of water with the objective of reducing packing, storage and transport costs. The reverse osmosis (RO) is a process of increasing interest in food industry and among the advantages they stand out: the low consumption of energy and the minimum thermal damages is caused to the products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different operation conditions in relation to the permeate flux, in the concentration process of the acerola juice by RO. All the RO experiments were carried out with retentate recycling. The concentration by RO, were carried on the transmembrane pressures of 20, 30 and 40 bar and at 23oC and 40oC, being used a membrane of composite film in spiral module (99% NaCl rejection). The acerola pulp was defrosted and treated with Citrozym Ultra L enzyme (100 ppm, 45oC ,1 hour), then it was ultrafiltrated at 3 bar at the same temperature, in 0.1 µm ceramic membrane, and so it was concentrated by RO. It was verified that the pressure and the temperature influenced the concentration and the permeate flux obtained in the RO process. The flux decreased along the processing, once the feeding becomes more concentrate, increasing the viscosity, osmotic pressure and retained sugar. KEYWORDS: Acerola juice concentration; reverse osmosis; membrane of composite film.
Impact of Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well Being on Procrastination among Adults: A Correlational Study

Procrastination is a major force that acts as a hindrance to the completion of a task. Anxiety, stress, and psychological well-being are significant indicators of the mental health of individuals. The present study focuses on examining the impact of stress, anxiety, and psychological well-being on procrastination tendencies among the adult Indian population. The sample comprised of 224 participants (18-35yrs) and the instruments used encompassed of a demographic data sheet, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21(DASS-21), Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scale (18 items), and Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS). The analysis of the obtained data was done using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and t-test. The results revealed that procrastination was significantly positively associated with anxiety and stress, and significantly negatively associated with psychological well-being. It was also seen that psychological well-being was a significant negative predictor of procrastination. Henceforth, it is suggested that difficulty in completing the tasks on time is an indicator of declined mental health and decreased life satisfaction in an individual.
Effects of Tibetan Plateau Growth, Paratethys Sea Retreat and Global Cooling on the East Asian Climate by the Early Miocene

Paleobotanical and sedimentological records indicate that marked climatic and environmental transitions had taken place in East China by the early Miocene. These transitions were driven by paleogeographic and global climatic shifts, but the respective roles of these shifts in the Asian climate remain unclear. Here, we use the low‐resolution Norwegian Earth System Model and Community Atmosphere Model version 4 to compare the effects of Tibetan Plateau (TP) growth, Paratethys Sea retreat and global cooling on the East Asian climate change that occurred by the early Miocene. The modeling results indicate that these three factors had clearly different climatic effects in East China. In particular, TP growth increased annual precipitation in East China, while Paratethys Sea retreat and global cooling generally decreased annual precipitation in East China. In addition, the three factors studied all drove aridification in inland Asia. Considering the increased precipitation, arid/semiarid‐to‐humid shift in vegetation and high plant diversity present in East China by the early Miocene, as shown in geological records, TP growth thus played a major role in these respects.
Perceptions of students’ counselling experience with intern counsellors within a tertiary education setting: A thematic analysis.

Mental health decline and psychological distress is rising among tertiary students’ worldwide andis now recognised internationally as an important public health issue.There is a growing demand for campus-based counselling services as evidence suggests that providing on-campus counselling support can significantly support student mental health and wellbeing. In addition, there is a symbiotic demand for counselling students to have the opportunity to integrate their skills through practice with clients. With the increasing demand for universities and tertiary institutes to provide counselling support, the use of graduate level trainees to deliver counselling services could provide an innovative and effective model to cope with high demand in a cost-efficient way. This qualitative research explores the perceptions of students who have sought counselling, delivered by trainee counsellors within a tertiary education setting. A thematic analysis was used to interpret the data from anonymous, semi-structured survey questions. Three predominate themes were identified; 1) positive experiences of counselling were connected directly to the relationship and positive regard that the counsellor fostered; 2) the counselling process supported the clients’ autonomy, self-determination and resilience and 3) despite nervousness, clients were surprised by the perceived positive benefits of counselling. A fourth theme identified that a minority of clients need a more experienced therapist to support their needs. This study demonstrated that counselling services delivered by trainee counsellors was perceived as helpful by the majority of students and has implications for improving practice and service availability through the use of trainees within university counselling services.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Purchase Decisions with Corporate Image and Brand Image as Intervening

This study to measure the influence of social responsibility on consumer purchasing decisions to buy Rabbani products. This research uses quantitative research using multiple linear regression analysis which has 4 studies. The technique of collecting data by distributing questionnaires. Samples were taken as many as 100 respondents who were given to Rabbani customers in the City of Salatiga. The results showed that there was an influence between corporate social responsibility, corporate image and brand image on purchasing decisions. The results of path analysis show that corporate image and brand image mediate corporate social responsibility in purchasing decisions.
Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Stock Market

COVID-19 is a dreadful infectious disease, morphed into an economic crisis causing extensive and longstanding ramifications across global markets. Investors continue to hear about COVID-19 and its impact in one corner of the globe or the other for a long time. Though the effects of COVID19 started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, global markets did not respond actively till W.H. O officially declared on March 11, 2020, that the COVID19 outbreak is a global pandemic. These multi-channel events have eroded investor sentiment, tanking the global stock markets. This article uses a machine learning approach to Twitter to analyze and follow investor sentiment that has guided the market to the new low during the first 150 days of the COVID-19 era. The only respite for recovery of financial markets is the lowering of COVID-19 infected cases for the time being till a vaccine is developed for the virus.