Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation of b 2-adrenoceptor enhances synaptic potentiation and behavioral memory via cAMP-PKA signaling in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a critical role in cognitive functions, including working memory, attention regulation, behavioral inhibition, as well as memory storage. The functions of PFC are very sensitive to norepinephrine (NE), and even low levels of endogenously released NE exert a dramatic influence on the functioning of the PFC. Activation of b -adre-noceptors ( b -ARs) facilitates synaptic potentiation and enhances memory in the hippocampus. However, little is known regarding these processes in the PFC. In the present study, we investigate the role of b 2-AR in synaptic plasticity and behavioral memory. Our results show that b 2-AR selective agonist clenbuterol facilitates spike-timing-dependent long-term potentiation (tLTP) under the physiological conditions with intact GABAergic inhibition, and such facilitation is prevented by co-application with the cAMP inhibitor Rp-cAMPS. Loading postsynaptic pyramidal cells with Rp-cAMPS, the PKA inhibitor PKI 5-24 , or the G protein inhibitor GDP- b -S significantly decreases, but does not eliminate, the effect of clenbuterol. Clenbuterol suppresses the GABAergic transmission, while blocking GABAergic transmission by the GABA A receptor blocker partially mimics the effect of clenbuterol. In behavioral tests, a post-training infusion of clenbuterol into mPFC enhances 24-h trace fear memory. In summary, we observed that prefrontal cortical b 2-AR
Deficient in GTPase-Activating Protein Interaction

We have generated deletion mutants of the H-ras p21 protein which lack residues 58 to 63 or 64 to 68 and contain either the normal glycine or an activating mutation, arginine, at position 12. None of the deleted proteins were recognized by monoclonal antibody Y13-259, and those mutants with activating mutations showed at least a 100-fold reduction in their transforming activities compared with the activities of their nondeleted counterparts. Alterations observed in the in vitro GTPase or GTP interchange properties of the deletion mutants were not consistent with the decrease in their transforming activities. Moreover, each mutant showed normal membrane localization, which is essential for its biological activity. Recently, a newly identified protein, designated GTPase-activating protein (GAP), was found to markedly increase GTPase activity of the normal ras p21 but not of p21 mutants bearing activating lesions (H. Adari, D. R. Lowy, B. M. Willumsen, C. J. Der, and F. McCormick, Science 240:518-521, 1988). We showed that GAP had no effect on the in vitro GTPase activity of the deletion mutants of the normal p21 protein. Since similar deletions in mutants with activating lesions at position 12 or 59 or both showed decreased transforming activity, our results suggest that the recognition site for Y13-259 within the ras p21 molecule influences directly or indirectly the interaction of ras p21 with GAP and that this interaction is critical for biological activity of ras proteins.
The Rapid Development of Chinese Heavy Truck Industry: Adapted Porter’s Diamond Model Study

Chinese heavy truck industry has witnessed an unprecedented prosper since 2009, and it has been attracting an increasing number of western heavy truck companies to conduct business activities. However, different industry environment has brought different situation including the government‟s policies and consumers‟ buying habits for local companies and foreign competitors. Thus, this study aims to analyze the impact of industry factors in Chinese heavy truck industry by examining a collection of the methodology. Porter diamond model is widely applied to investigate industry‟s competitive advantages, but it should be noted that in this research the model is adapted into a new version in light of the necessity of emphasizing Chinese government in business activities. Main findings of this study are as follows: (1) research and analysis factors of impact Chinese heavy truck industry and highlight government‟s influence as a significant impact factor through a series of policies; (2) it might be of considerable benefit if foreign heavy truck corporation can observe the political transformation or policies while setting the marketing strategy in China.
A Comparison of Teacher ’ s and Senior Students ’ Feedback : Student Attitudes and Their Writing Improvement

Based on the concepts of Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), this study compared the effects of feedback given from teacher and senior students on Thai EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students’ writing. The research participants were 33 students majoring in English who were undertaking an English Essay Writing Course and 22 senior students who have already passed the course. The data were collected from a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, a group discussion, and the students’ writing drafts. The results showed that students found the senior feedback helpful to improve their writing drafts, and they felt comfortable to receive feedback from senior students; however, they had low confidence towards the comments. With regards to teacher comments, students found them helpful to raise their awareness in terms of tenses, grammar, and structure. However, the limitations of teacher feedback were pointed out in terms of confusing comments, stress, and timing. Finally, the analysis of the effects of feedback types on students’ improvements showed that metalinguistic corrective feedback (CF) made by both teacher and senior students led to most of the effective corrections. Based on the findings, the implications and directions for future research will be discussed.
Patient, Clinician, and Communication Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer Screening

Introduction: Screening for colorectal cancer is beneﬁcial. Yet, screening remains suboptimal, and underserved populations are at greater risk for not being appropriately screened. Although many barriers to screening are understood, less is known about how the decision-making process on whether to receive colonoscopy or stool testing inﬂuences screening. Methods: As part of a randomized controlled trial to test engaging underserved populations in preventive care through online, personalized, educational material, 2417 patients aged 50 to 74 years were randomly selected from the 70,998 patients with an ofﬁce visit the year prior and mailed a survey to assess decision-making for colorectal cancer screening. Twenty practices in practice-based research networks from 5 diverse states participated. Survey data were supplemented with electronic health record data. Results: Among respondents, 64% were or became up to date with screening within 3 months of their ofﬁce visit. The main factor associated with being up to date was the length of the patient-clinician relationship ( < 6 months vs 5 1 years: odds ratio [OR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80). Sharing the decision about screening options with the clinician was a predictor for being up to date compared with patients who made the decision for themselves (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.27-2.44). Only 36% of patients reported being given a choice about screening options. Traditional factors like race, employment, insurance, and education were not associated with screening. Conclusions: Having a long-term relationship with a primary care clinician and sharing decisions may be key drivers to ensure evidence-based preventive care for underserved populations. (
THE EFFECT OF SEED DRESSING ON HEALTHINESS OF BARLEY, WHEAT AND RAPE IN EARLY DEVELOPMENT STAGES

The aim of the study was to show differences in hea lthiness of barley, wheat and rape in early develop ment stages after using seed dressing. In the pot experiments seeds a fter treatment with Biochikol 020 PC, Bioczos BR, B iosept 33 SL, Cedomon EO, Kelpak and Funaben T 75 DS/WS were show n. Healthiness of seedlings was evaluated as well a s fresh and dry weight were analyzed. In laboratory experiments compared were for control germination of dressing seeds and their colonization by fungi. Genera and species of fungi grown on PDA medium were identified.
MEK Kinase Is Involved in Tumor Necrosis Factor a-Induced NF-kB Activation and Degradation of IkB-a*

Signal-dependent activation of the transcription factor NF-kB is dominantly regulated by degradation of IkB-a protein. However, the signaling pathways that lead to the degradation are not clear. Here we report that mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) kinase, an activator of stress-activated protein kinases/jun kinase-1 (SAPKs/ JNK1), is involved in such signaling pathways. The transient overexpression of MEK kinase in NIH3T3 fibroblasts activates kB-CAT reporter expression in a synergistic manner with TNFa stimulation. In contrast, overexpression of kinase-negative MEK kinase suppresses TNFa-induced reporter expression. The overexpression of MEK kinase suppresses the inhibitory activity of co-transfected IkB-a on the kB-CAT or human immunodeficiency virus-long terminal repeat-luciferase reporter expression and causes the simultaneous disappearance of the overexpressed IkB-a. The disappearance of exogenous IkB-a by the overexpression of MEK kinase is prevented by calpain inhibitor-I, an inhibitor of IkB-a degradation. These results suggest that MEK kinase is a signal mediator involved in TNFa-induced NF-kB activation and that the activation of NF-kB by MEK kinase is regulated through the degradation of IkB-a.
REVIEW | Integrative Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology Proarrhythmic electrophysiological and structural remodeling in rheumatoid arthritis

FS. Proarrhythmic electrophysio- logical and structural remodeling in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 319: H1008–H1020, 2020. doi:10.1152/ ajpheart.00401. 2020. —Chronic inﬂammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthri- tis (RA), are associated with a twofold increase in the incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) compared with the healthy population. Although this is partly explained by an increased prevalence of coronary artery disease, growing evidence suggests that ischemia alone cannot completely account for the increased risk. The present review explores the mechanisms of cardiac electrophysiological remodeling in response to chronic inﬂammation in RA. In particular, it focuses on the roles of nonischemic structural remodeling, altered cardiac ionic currents, and auto- nomic nervous system dysfunction in ventricular arrhythmogenesis and SCD. It also explores whether common genetic elements predispose to both RA and SCD. Finally, it evaluates the potential dual effects of disease-modifying ther- apy in both diminishing and promoting the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD.
Chilling Accumulat and Fruit Set of Yo Blueberry Plants

Potted ‘Tifblue’, Woodard’, and cinium ashei Reade) were exposed to artificia from 100 to 1000 hours during the dormant and fruit set. Insufficient chilling increas budbreak in all three cultivars. The amoun and ‘Woodard’, but decreased in ‘Climax did not decrease percent fruit set of hand-p that the fruit-setting potential of these cult The blueberry industry in the southeastern United States is based primarily on rabbiteye blueberries, which are native to the southeast and well adapted to the climate and mineral soils (Lyrene and Crocker, 1983). Rabbiteye blueberries are more vigorous and disease tolerant than highbush blueberries, which are also grown in the southeast; however, they generally have a much lower percent fruit set (Davies and Buchanan, 1979; El-Agamy et al., 1981; Lyrene and Crocker, 1983) and may not produce an adequate commercial crop. Poor fruit set in rabbiteye blueberries is attributable to several factors, including cultivar (Davies and Buchanan, 1979; Lyrene and Goldy, 1983), pollen incompatibility (ElAgamy et al., 1981), presence and activity of bees (Davies and Buchanan, 1979; Payne et al., 1989), and proximity to pollenizers (Lyrene and Crocker, 1983). In addition, field observations (Lyrene and Crocker, 1983) suggest that insufficient chilling decreases fruit set of rabbiteye blueberries. After mild winters, some rabbiteye cultivars bloom normally, but fail to set fruit adequately; also, percent fruit set improves from the southern to the northern end of the rabbiteye production area. Furthermore, there appears to be a positive correlation between yield and amount of chilling for some cultivars (Lyrene and Crocker, 1983). This relationship has led to the idea that insufficient chilling produces flowers with inherently less capacity to set fruit. Insufficient chilling of blueberries and other Received for publication 2 Feb. 1989. Univ. of Florida Journal Series no. R-00007. The cost of publishing this paper was defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. Under postal regulations, this paper therefore must be hereby marked advertisement solely to indicate this fact. on, ung Budbreak, Rabbiteye . Davies y of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
Glucagon/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist NNC9204-1177 reduced body weight in adults with overweight or obesity but was associated with safety issues

Glucagon/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor co-agonists may provide greater weight loss than agonists targeting the GLP-1 receptor alone. We report results from three phase 1 trials investigating the glucagon/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist NNC9204-1177 (NN1177) for once-weekly subcutaneous use in adults with overweight or obesity. Our focus was a 12-week multiple ascending dose (MAD), placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in which adults (N=99) received NN1177 (dose-escalated to treatment doses of 200, 600, 1,300, 1,900, 2,800, 4,200, and 6,000 {micro}g) or placebo. Two other trials also contribute to the findings in this report: a first human dose (FHD) / single ascending dose (SAD), placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in which adults (N=49) received NN1177 (treatment doses of 10, 40, 120, 350, 700 and 1,100 g) or placebo, and a drug-drug interaction (DDI), open-label, single-sequence trial in which adults (N=45) received a 4,200 {micro}g dose of NN1177. Pharmacokinetic, safety and tolerability, and pharmacodynamic endpoints were assessed. For the MAD and FHD/SAD trials, baseline characteristics were generally balanced across groups. The half-life of NN1177 was estimated at between 77.3 and 111 hours. NN1177 appeared tolerable across trials; however, a number of safety concerns were observed, including an increase in heart rate (range 5-22 beats per minute) and decrease in reticulocyte count, which were both dose dependent, and increased markers of inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein), hepatic disturbances (increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), impaired glucose tolerance (dose groups 2,800-6,000 ug) and reduced blood levels of some amino acids. Clinically relevant weight loss was achieved (up to 12.6% at week 12; 4,200 ug in the MAD trial), but this was not accompanied by cardiometabolic improvements. In conclusion, although treatment with NN1177 was associated with dose-dependent and clinically relevant weight loss, unacceptable safety concerns precluded further clinical development.
Increase of scabies infestations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several clinicians in Spain reported an increase in scabies diagnoses. We performed a time-series analysis with data from 2014 to 2022 to quantify this increase. We found an increasing trend during late 2020 and 2021, peaking in March 2022 with an almost 4.5-fold incidence than expected, especially in those aged between 16 and 30 years. Although scabies is more frequent in most socioeconomic deprived areas, the observed rise occurs in all the areas. We recommend increasing surveillance among other countries to detect unexpected increases in scabies outbreaks.
A Polygenic Score for Reduced Kidney Function and Adverse Outcomes in a Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort

We studied whether a polygenic score for reduced kidney function developed from population-based studies was associated with adverse outcomes among persons with chronic kidney disease. The polygenic score was significantly associated with incident kidney failure, major adverse cardiovascular outcomes and overall mortality while adjusting for age, sex, and baseline eGFR: the hazard ratio for kidney failure over 6.5 years was 1.83 (95% CI 1.40-2.39) comparing those in the highest and lowest quartiles of the polygenic score. However, the significant associations of the polygenic score did not translate to improved outcome prediction in comparison to established risk equations.
Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Displacement Predicts Instability

Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are catastrophic events associated with a high mortality rate. An estimation of 6 million people in the United States have reported IAs, raising a pressing need for diagnostic tools to assess IAs rupture risks. Current population-based guidelines are imperfect, hence the need for new quantifiable variables and imaging markers. Aneurysm wall motion has been identified as a potential marker of high risk aneurysms, but conventional imaging techniques are challenged by small IAs sizes and limited spatial resolution. Recently, amplified Flow (aFlow) has been introduced as an algorithm which allows visualization and quantification of aneurysm wall motion based on amplification of 4D flow MRI data. In this work, we used aFlow to assess IAs wall motion in patients with growing aneurysms. The results were compared with a patient cohort with stable aneurysms. Among 118 patients with unruptured IAs who underwent sequential surveillance imaging, 10 patients with growing IAs who had baseline 3D TOF-MRA and 4D flow MR imaging were identified and matched with another cohort of patients with stable IAs based on IAs size and location. aFlow was then applied to the 4D flow MR data to amplify the aneurysm wall displacement. Voxel-based values of displacement were extracted for each aneurysm and normalized with respect to the reference parent artery. Following histogram analysis, the highest and lowest IAs displacements were calculated, together with their standard deviation and interquartile ranges. A paired-wise analysis was adopted to assess the differences among clinical variables, demographic data, morphological features, and aFlow parameters between patients with stable versus growing aneurysm. Results demonstrated higher wall motion and higher variability of deformation for the growing aneurysms, possibly due to inhomogeneities of the mechanical characteristics of the vessels walls or to underlying hemodynamics. Computational Fluid Dynamic simulation was also conducted for a subset of 6 stable and 6 growing aneurysms to examine the correlation between hemodynamic parameters, wall motion, and aneurysm stability. The magnitude and variance of directional wall shear stress gradient, in addition to area of colocation of elevated oscillatory shear stress and high variance in pressure, were highly correlated with both wall motion and aneurysm stability. We demonstrated here that the measurement and amplification of the aneurysm wall motion achieved with our method has the potential to differentiate stable from growing aneurysms, and potentially act as a substitute for in depth computational fluid dynamic analysis.
Ultrastructure of a Transplantable Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma1

SUMMARY A spontaneous rhabdomyosarcoma from a BALB/ cAnN mouse was transplanted several times in the same strain of mice and was developed in vitro. Electron microscopic observations confirmed the mus cular nature of the transplantable tumor which is com posed of multinucleated and mononucleated cells. The ultrastructure of the muscle fibers appeared abnormal in that multinucleated myofibers with a majority of ir regular sarcomeres and undefined transverse tubular sys tems were produced. Many nuclei of the tumor muscle cells contained large cytoplasmic inclusions of varying structures. Virus-like particles were found in sarcoplasmic vesicles of the muscle cell.
Path-following control of small fixed-wing unmanned aircraft systems with <mml:mi mathvariant="script">H</mml:mi>∞ type performance

The focus of this paper is on the design of path-following controllers for a small fixed-wing unmanned aircraft system (UAS) using the ∞ robust control framework. The robust controllers are synthesized based on a lumped path-following and UAS dynamics formulation, effectively combining the six degree-of-freedom aircraft dynamics with the established parallel transport frame virtual vehicle dynamics. Two path-following controllers with a conventional cascaded architecture consisting of an outer guidance loop and an inner stabilization loop are also considered as points of reference. The robustness and performance of these controllers are tested in a rigorous MATLAB simulation environment that includes steady winds, turbulence, measurement noise, and time delays. Finally, flight experiments are conducted on a small fixed-wing UAS platform, and the controllers are compared in terms of tracking performance, control effort, and ease of implementation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A case of inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus successfully treated with Brodalumab

Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is a rare type of epidermal nevus, commonly arising in childhood. We present a case of a 13‐year‐old female with Blaschkoid psoriasiform plaques extending from her left foot to the scalp, sparing the right side of the body. While treatment options historically show variable success, we trialed an IL‐17a receptor inhibitor as studies have shown increased levels of IL‐17 receptor expression in ILVEN keratinocytes. At both 3 and 6 months after treatment initiation there was found to be significant improvement. We propose brodalumab as an effective treatment option for widespread ILVEN.
Need for Clarity and Context in Case Reports on Kratom Use, Assessment, and Intervention

This Letter to the Editor is a response to Broyan and colleagues who recently published a Case Report presenting data on 28 patients in the United States who identified kratom as their primary substance of use and who were subsequently induced on buprenorphine/naloxone for a reported diagnosis of kratom use disorder. We applaud the authors for helping to advance the science on kratom and recognize the difficulties in conducting kratom-related clinical assessment and research. However, a number of inconsistences and generalizations were identified in this Case Report, which also lacked some critical context. Importantly, such inconsistencies and generalizations can be observed throughout kratom-specific case reports. We feel this is now an important opportunity to highlight these issues that are present in the Broyan and colleagues Case report but emphasize that they are not unique to it. We do this with the hope that by acknowledging these issues it can help inform editors, clinicians, and researchers who may not be familiar with kratom and, as a result of this unfamiliarity, may inadvertently present findings in a manner that could confuse readers and even misinform clinical researchers and practitioners.