Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metallicity effect on stellar granulation detected from oscillating red giants in open clusters

The effect of metallicity on the granulation activity in stars is still poorly understood. Available spectroscopic parameters from the updated APOGEE-\textit{Kepler} catalog, coupled with high-precision photometric observations from NASA's \textit{Kepler} mission spanning more than four years of observation, make oscillating red giant stars in open clusters crucial testbeds. We determine the role of metallicity on the stellar granulation activity by discriminating its effect from that of different stellar properties such as surface gravity, mass, and temperature. We analyze 60 known red giant stars belonging to the open clusters NGC 6791, NGC 6819, and NGC 6811, spanning a metallicity range from [Fe/H] $\simeq -0.09$ to $0.32$. The parameters describing the granulation activity of these stars and their $\nu_\mathrm{max}$, are studied by considering the different masses, metallicities, and stellar evolutionary stages. We derive new scaling relations for the granulation activity, re-calibrate existing ones, and identify the best scaling relations from the available set of observations. We adopted the Bayesian code DIAMONDS for the analysis of the background signal in the Fourier spectra of the stars. We performed a Bayesian parameter estimation and model comparison to test the different model hypotheses proposed in this work and in the literature. Metallicity causes a statistically significant change in the amplitude of the granulation activity, with a dependency stronger than that induced by both stellar mass and surface gravity. We also find that the metallicity has a significant impact on the corresponding time scales of the phenomenon. The effect of metallicity on the time scale is stronger than that of mass. A higher metallicity increases the amplitude of granulation and meso-granulation signals and slows down their characteristic time scales toward longer periods.
Accelerator modes and anomalous diffusion in 3D volume-preserving maps

Angle-action maps that have a periodicity in the action direction can have accelerator modes: orbits that are periodic when projected onto the torus, but that lift to unbounded orbits in an action variable. In this paper we construct a family of volume-preserving maps, with two angles and one action, that have accelerator modes created at Hopf-one (or saddle-center-Hopf) bifurcations. Near such a bifurcation we show that there is often a bubble of invariant tori. Computations of chaotic orbits near such a bubble show that the trapping times have an algebraic decay similar to that seen around stability islands in area-preserving maps. As in the 2D case, this gives rise to anomalous diffusive properties of the action in our 3D map.
Linear radio size evolution of μJy populations

We investigate the linear radio size properties of the μJy populations of radio-selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) using a multi-resolution catalog based on the original VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz 0. ″75 resolution mosaic and its convolved images (up to a resolution of 2.″2). The final catalog contains 6399 radio sources above a 3 GHz total flux density of ST > 20 μJy (median ⟨ST⟩=37 μJy), with redshift information (median ⟨z⟩=1.0), and multi-wavelength classification as SFGs, radio-excess AGN (RX-AGN), or non-radio-excess AGN (NRX-AGN). RX-AGN are those whose radio emission exceeds the star formation rate derived by fitting the global spectral energy distribution. We derive the evolution with redshift and luminosity of the median linear sizes of each class of objects. We find that RX-AGN are compact, with median sizes of ∼1–2 kpc and increasing with redshift, corresponding to an almost constant angular size of 0. ″25. NRX-AGN typically have radio sizes a factor of 2 larger than the RX-AGN. The median radio size of SFGs is about 5 kpc up to z ∼ 0.7, and it decreases beyond this redshift. Using luminosity-complete subsamples of objects, we separately investigate the effect of redshift and luminosity dependance. We compare the radio sizes of SFGs with those derived in the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) and UV bands. We find that SFGs have comparable sizes (within 15%) in the radio and rest-frame FIR, while the sizes measured in the UV-band are systematically larger than the radio sizes.
Smokers’ Self-Report and Behavioral Reactivity to Combined Personal Smoking Cues (Proximal + Environment + People): A Pilot Study

Cue reactivity (CR) among smokers exposed to smoking-related stimuli, both proximal (e.g., cigarettes, lighter) and distal (environments, people), has been well-demonstrated. Furthermore, past work has shown that combining proximal smoking cues with smoking environment cues increases cue-provoked craving and smoking behavior above that elicited by either cue type alone. In this pilot study, we examined the impact of combining three personal cues, proximal + environment + people, on subjective and behavioral cue reactivity among smokers. To further understand the impact of this method, we also tested reactivity under the conditions of both smoking satiety and deprivation. In addition, we examined the extent to which cue-induced craving predicted immediate subsequent smoking. Fifteen smokers completed six sessions, of which two focused on the intake and development of personal cues and four involved personal cue reactivity sessions: (1) deprived, smoking cue combination, (2) deprived, nonsmoking cue combination, (3) sated, smoking combination, and (4) sated, nonsmoking cue combination. Cue-provoked craving was greater and smokers were quicker to light a cigarette and smoked more during their exposure to smoking rather than nonsmoking cues and in deprived compared to sated conditions, with no interaction between these variables. While deprived, greater cue-provoked craving in response to smoking cues was correlated with a quicker latency to light a cigarette. This work supports the feasibility of presenting three personal smoking-related combinations of cues within a cue reactivity paradigm and highlights the robust reactivity that this methodology can evoke in smokers.
Sporadic meteor radiant distributions: orbital survey results

The structure of the sporadic meteor complex is determined from the data in 10 orbital surveys. In addition to the previously known apex, helion, antihelion and northern toroidal sources, we find a southern toroidal source and a splitting of the apex source. The size of the sources and possible origin of meteoroids from each region are discussed
A Metabolomics-Based Toolbox to Assess and Compare the Metabolic Potential of Unexplored, Difficult-to-Grow Bacteria

Novel high-throughput cultivation techniques create a demand to pre-select strains for in-depth follow-up studies. We report a workflow to identify promising producers of novel natural products by systematically characterizing their metabolomes. For this purpose, 60 strains from four phyla (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) comprising 16 novel species and six novel genera were cultivated from marine and terrestrial sources. Their cellular metabolomes were recorded by LC-MS/MS; data analysis comprised databases MS/MS matching, in silico compound assignment, and GNPS-based molecular networking. Overall, 1052 different molecules were identified from 6418 features, among them were unusual metabolites such as 4-methoxychalcone. Only a minor portion of the 755 features were found in all phyla, while the majority occurred in a single phylogroup or even in a single strain. Metabolomic methods enabled the recognition of highly talented strains such as AEG42_45, which had 107 unique features, among which a family of 28 potentially novel and related compounds according to MS/MS similarities. In summary, we propose that high-throughput cultivation and isolation of bacteria in combination with the presented systematic and unbiased metabolome analysis workflow is a promising approach to capture and assess the enormous metabolic potential of previously uncultured bacteria.
A Random Path Sampling-Based Method for Motion Planning in Many Dimensions

In this article, we present Gaussian Random Paths Motion Planner (GRPMP), a method for solving robot motion planning problems. Compared with traditional sampling-based methods which build large-scale random trees or roadmaps by sampling random nodes in configuration spaces, GRPMP generates a set of smooth random paths discretized into sparse nodes, using a random path sampler based on the Gaussian process, to reduce resource space occupation and improve planning success rate. Employing the high-quality path-selecting strategy with the lazy collision checking technique, GRPMP can fast select the collision-free high-quality path that has the lowest cost in the set of smooth random paths, so as to improve the efficiency and quality of the motion planning. We present challenging experiments with GRPMP on pick-and-place tasks, using a humanoid robot, to show that GRPMP has the ability to find high-quality paths with efficiency and stability.
Education and training to build awareness of organizational diversity in senior high school teachers

Diversity in educational settings exposes all involved actors to issues related to inherent (e.g. age, gender) and acquired diversity (e.g., education, marital status). This 400-hour program is aimed at building diversity awareness for high school teachers indicated by a good comprehension of diversity issues, create favorable learning atmosphere, and augmenting learning motivation. Mixing asynchronous and synchronous techniques, activities are carried out through Zoom lectures, group discussions, role play, and project assignments. At the end of the training program, participants are expected to complete an individual project within three weeks’ time. A baseline survey was conducted as well as post-tests, questionnaires, and personal journals that would allow a comprehensive view of the program’s performance. Based on the evaluations, the program has contributed to a favorable learning atmosphere and learning motivation. Furthermore, participants’ diversity awareness was developed along with their attitude and behavioral change in dealing with school diversity. A short and moderate learning effect was acquired. It is our recommendation that the school management sustains the learning effect by promoting a school climate of openness, tolerance, and respect.
Arterial Stiffness Response to Acute Combined Training with Different Volumes in Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure Patients

Resistance training has been shown to acutely increase arterial stiffness (AS), while endurance training appears to decrease AS. However, the findings are from studies in apparently healthy subjects and have limited applicability to patients at low and high cardiovascular risk, for whom combined exercise is recommended. We compared the time course of changes in local and regional indices of AS in response to high-volume combined endurance training (CET) and high-volume combined resistance training (CRT) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). We studied 20 men with CAD and HF (10 each) aged 68.3 ± 9.6 years. AS was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and brachial and central blood pressure (BP) were determined after 15 min of rest and 5 and 15 min after the exercise session. All patients completed two sessions on nonconsecutive days. A protocol by time interaction effect was observed for carotid (η2 = 0.21, p = 0.02), aortic (η2 = 0.60, p < 0.001), and femoral (η2 = 0.46, p = 0.01) PWV after CET and CRT, suggesting that PWV decreased after CET and increased after CRT. Decreases in the brachial and central variables of BP across time points were observed in both protocols. CET decreased whereas CRT increased carotid, aortic, and femoral PWV at 15 min after exercise in patients with CAD and HF.
Infrared Thermography for Early Identification and Treatment of Shoulder Sores to Improve Sow and Piglet Welfare

Simple Summary Shoulder sores are a welfare issue primarily for breeding sows and are often associated with reduced movement and body condition loss during lactation. The occurrence of shoulder sores contributes to lactation failure, which in turn becomes a welfare issue for piglets due to the stress of early weaning. This experiment investigated the use of a thermal camera to detect hotspots caused by underlying tissue damage on the shoulder of sows, prior to wound formation. Infrared thermography (IRT) was able to detect hotspots in 88% of sows that developed sores, allowing for a lead in time to wound formation of 7 days. Once a hotspot was detected, we investigated the use of three commonly used topical commercial products, Repiderma®, Derisal®, Chloromide® and mānuka honey. All treatments, with the exception of Repiderma®, decreased the diameter of the sores by weaning. The results of this study provide evidence that the use of IRT provides a tool for early detection of shoulder sores in sows, allowing for early treatment that is likely to improve the longevity of the sow and welfare of the litter, due to a reduction in lesion related sow culling. Abstract Shoulder sores in sows cause pain, may lead to early weaning and resultant piglet distress, and premature culling. Early detection and intervention is key to avoid these substantial production and welfare imposts. In this experiment we tested infrared thermography (IRT) to identify shoulder sores before wound eruption, and effectiveness of four wound healing treatments; mānuka honey (n = 11); Derisal® (n = 11); Chloromide® (n = 13) and Repiderma® (n = 16), all of which contain no antibiotics. Three hundred and ten sows (parity 2.3 ± 0.2) were monitored daily from entry to the farrowing sheds until weaning using a thermal camera. IRT successfully detected 88% of shoulder sores as hot spots and provided a lead in time of 7 days. Sixteen percent of all sows had a hotspot detected and were randomly allocated to one of four daily treatment groups. At the end of the treatment period, sore diameter was significantly reduced for all treatments, except the Repiderma® group. Sow traits had little influence on susceptibility to shoulder sores. There may be a link between prewean mortality and shoulder sores, but this requires further investigation. The use of IRT to monitor for hotspots for early intervention is validated. Future work should concentrate on methods to prevent wound eruption after detection with IRT to improve the health and welfare of both the sow and her litter.
An Accurate Spectral Nonorographic Gravity Wave Drag Parameterization for General Circulation Models

Abstract An accurate method of solution is developed for the Warner and McIntyre parameterization of nonorographic gravity wave drag for the case of hydrostatic dynamics in the absence of rotation. The new scheme is sufficiently fast that it is suitable for operational use in a general circulation model. Multiyear climate runs of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model are performed using the new scheme, and these are compared against equivalent climate runs using the full Warner and McIntyre scheme, which includes nonhydrostatic and rotational wave dynamics. The results indicate that the new operational scheme closely reproduces the seasonal distribution of time- and zonal-mean zonal winds, and the seasonal evolution of lower stratospheric temperatures that are obtained when the full Warner and McIntyre scheme is used. In addition, these quantities are shown to compare favorably with observations.
Observational black hole spectroscopy: A time-domain multimode analysis of GW150914

The nature of the postmerger remnant of GW170817, the first binary neutron star coalescence observed by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (Advanced LIGO) and Advanced Virgo, is unknown. Searches have been carried out for short (≲1 s), intermediate (≲500 s), and long (∼ days) signals using various algorithms without yielding a detection. We describe an efficient frequency tracking scheme based on a hidden Markov model to search for long-duration transient signals from a neutron star remnant with spin-down timescale in the range ∼10^2 s–10^4 s. The method was used to the search for a signal from GW170817. We validate the method and estimate its sensitivity through Monte Carlo simulations on the same data set as used in the GW170817 search. We describe the search configuration and follow-up procedure step by step. The search achieves an astrophysical reach of ∼1 Mpc and hence cannot detect a source like GW170817 (40^(+8)_(−14) Mpc), given the current sensitivities of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. The methodology of the hidden Markov model is described fully to ensure that future analyses of this kind can be reproduced by an independent party.
Meat yield and meat quality characteristics of indigenous, Hilly♂×Sonali♀ crossbred and commercial broiler chicken of similar weight at different storage time

The experiment was conducted to investigate meat yield and quality characteristics of indigenous, crossbred Hilly♂ × Sonali♀ and commercial broiler chickens at similar live weight. For this purpose male and female indigenous chickens were purchased from local market, while Hilly♂ × Sonali♀ crossbred was reared up to 12 weeks at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) poultry farm. Sexed male and female of Ross 308 broiler chicks were also reared BAU poultry farm up to 30 days. Six male and six female chickens from each of indigenous, Hilly♂  Sonali♀ and commercial broiler were slaughtered, eviscerated and dissected to compare meat yield and meat quality characteristics during 0, 15 and 30 days of storage period at 1000 g (±50 g) body weight. The eviscerated and defeathered carcasses were stored at -18°C for 0, 15 and 30 days . Considering Indigenous, Hilly♂ ×Sonali ♀ and Broiler chickens of both sexes, shank, neck, carcass yield, dressed weight, breast meat weight were significantly (p<0.05) higher in commercial broiler while wing meat and thigh meat were higher in Hilly♂ × Sonali♀ chicken. The dry matter, crude protein were significantly higher in indigenous chicken while cooking loss, ether extract, ash, peroxide value, free fatty acid value and thiobarbituric acid value were found significantly higher in commercial broiler during different storage time in both sexes. The meat yield parameters did not differ significantly among three storage time. However, cooking loss, pH and crude protein decreased, while dry matter, ether extract, ash, peroxide vale, free fatty acid value, thiobarbituric acid value, increased with the increasing of storage time.
Orange-fleshed sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genotype by environment interaction for yield and yield components and SPVD resistance under arid and semi-arid climate of northern Ethiopia

Worldwide, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) ranks the sixth most important crop valued for food security, income, and nutritious diet for poor farming communities. Despite its importance, there is lack of information and knowledge to introduce the crop to Afar region where malnourishment is high. Six orange-fleshed sweet potato genotypes (Amelia, Erica, Gloria, Ininda, Kulfo, and Melinda were evaluated for sweet potato viral disease (SPVD), yield and yield components in three contrasting locations, namely Aba’ala, Mekelle 1, and Mekelle 2 using a Randomized Complete Block Design to produce variance components. Joint regression, and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions were used to test the Genotype × Location Interactions (GEI). Means for significant traits were separated by Least Significant Difference (p<0.05). Results showed ample genetic variability for total tuberous yield (TTY), and SPVD resistance. Genotypes Ininda, Gloria, Amelia, and Kulfo were superior for TTY with high SPVD resistance. Aba’ala was a hotspot for SPVD, Mekelle 2 was with low SPVD and recorded a high mean TTY. Amelia and Kulfo exhibited static stability, Ininda and Gloria displayed dynamic stability, high harvest index, and fresh vine yield, and were recommended for further stability investigations. The information generated in this study may be useful as preliminary data however, the experiment has to be repeated for practical conclusions and recommendation of stable varieties for the studied agro-climatic zones.
Multi-Bunch Dynamics in RF Photoinjectors Through an Envelope Equation Approach

Free Electron Lasers driven by Super-Conducting Linacs require the generation, acceleration and transport of trains of bunches with high charge, high repetition rate and low emittance. A numerical model already developed for the modeling of beam dynamics in SC Linacs has been now extended to treat RF guns with proper description of the photocathode bunch generation. The model algorithm is based on a coupled integration of Newton and Maxwell equations under a slowly varying envelope approximation for the time evolution of mode amplitudes in the accelerating structure and an envelope equation description for a set of bunch slices. In this way beam loading effects and higher order modes excitation can be studied. The application to the TTF-FEL injector as a particular design is presented and the optimization according to the invariant envelope concept is discussed, in the frame of single bunch calculations compared to the results of other multi-particle codes.
Gas kinematics in the H ii regions G351.69-1.15 and G351.63-1.25

We probe the structure and kinematics of two neighbouring H II regions identified as cometary and bipolar, using radio recombination lines (RRL). The H172{\alpha} RRLs from these H II regions: G351.6-1.15 and G351.6-1.25, are mapped using GMRT, India. We also detect carbon RRLs C172{\alpha} towards both these regions. The hydrogen RRLs display the effects of pressure and dynamical broadening in the line profiles, with the dynamical broadening (15 km/s) playing a major role in the observed profile of G351.6-1.15. We investigate the kinematics of molecular gas species towards this H II region from the MALT90 pilot survey. The molecular gas is mostly distributed towards the north and north-west of the cometary head. The molecular line profiles indicate signatures of turbulence and outflow in this region. The ionized gas at the cometary tail is blue shifted by 8 km/s with respect to the ambient molecular cloud, consistent with the earlier proposed champagne flow scenario. The relative velocity of 5 km/s between the northern and southern lobes of the bipolar H II region G351.6-1.25 is consistent with the premise that the bipolar morphology is a result of the expanding ionized lobes within a flat molecular cloud.