Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding Primary Care Physician Vaccination Behaviour: A Systematic Review

Background: Vaccine hesitancy decreases adult vaccination coverage and has been recognized by WHO as a major health threat. Primary care physicians (PCP) play a key role in vaccination by giving vaccine counselling to their patients. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and barriers (KBAB) associated with own vaccination and patient recommendation in primary care physicians. Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were used to search and identify relevant studies based on their title and abstract. In the next step, the full text of each previously selected article was read for eligibility. Articles were selected by two independent reviewers and data extraction was performed using tables. The following information was extracted: methodological characteristics, demographic factors, professional characteristics, and intrinsic or extrinsic factors influencing vaccination or recommendation. Results: Our search yielded 41 eligible papers, data-sources, previous practices, belief in the effectiveness or safety of the vaccine, perceived risk, and trust in health authorities were all shown to be related to own vaccination and patient recommendation. Conclusion: Internet is the main source of information for PCP related to vaccine hesitancy. It is therefore essential to increase the presence and access to pro-vaccination content in this area. In addition, involving PCP in the establishment of vaccination recommendations could improve their credibility in the institutions. On the other hand, training in communication skills and establishing reminder systems could reflect higher vaccination coverage among their patients.
Accuracy of slow-roll inflation given current observational constraints

We investigate the accuracy of slow-roll inflation in light of current observational constraints, which do not allow for a large deviation from scale invariance. We investigate the applicability of the first and second order slow-roll approximations for inflationary models, including those with large running of the scalar spectral index. We compare the full numerical solutions with those given by the first and second order slow-roll formulas. We find that even first order slow roll is generally accurate; the largest deviations arise in models with large running where the error in the power spectrum can be at the level of 1%-2%. Most of this error comes from inaccuracy in the calculation of the slope and not of the running or higher order terms. Second order slow roll does not improve the accuracy over first order. We also argue that in the basis {epsilon}{sub 0}=1/H, {epsilon}{sub n+1}=dln|{epsilon}{sub n}|/dN, introduced by Schwarz et al. (2001), slow roll does not require all of the parameters to be small. For example, even a divergent {epsilon}{sub 3} leads to finite solutions which are accurately described by a slow-roll approximation. Finally, we argue that power spectrum parametrization recently introduced by Abazaijan, Kadota and Stewart does not workmore » for models where spectral index changes from red to blue, while the usual Taylor expansion remains a good approximation. « less
Cost and Return on Investment of a Team-Based Palliative Care Program for Parkinson Disease

Implementation of palliative care (PC) in neurology settings may improve symptom control and quality of life and reduce acute care admissions. The benefits of team-based PC for patients with Parkinson disease have been established through rigorous evidence standards including randomized controlled trials. However, evidence on implementation costs and return on investment (ROI) is unknown and may guide other providers and systems considering this model of care. We applied time-driven activity-based costing with reimbursable visits calculated using Medicare reimbursement rates in Colorado and current procedural technology codes to 2 outpatient clinics at the University of Colorado Hospital: neurology PC and movement disorders. Per-patient ROI was calculated as the ratio of the incremental difference in financial revenues divided by the incremental difference in investment to expand PC services. The cost per new patient was $154 and $98 for neuropalliative and movement disorders clinics, respectively. Established patient visit costs were $82 and $41 for the neuropalliative care and movement disorders clinics, respectively. The neurology PC clinic had per-patient revenue for new and established visits of $297 and $147, respectively, compared with $203 and $141 for new and established visits, respectively, at the comparator clinic. Based on our assumptions, for every $1 invested in expanding PC services, a projected $1.68 will be recouped by the hospital system for new patient visits, and $0.13 will be recouped for established patient visits. These amounts are context dependent, and a calculator was created to allow other systems to estimate costs and ROI. Our results suggest that in an academic medical setting, both neurology PC and movement disorders clinics provided increased revenue to the health system. Opportunities to improve ROI include efficient allocation of personnel to new and established visits, expanding telemedicine, and other cost offsets for complex patients not estimated in this analysis. ROI may also be greater in health systems that benefit from cost savings such as accountable care organizations. Our approach may be applied to other novel care models. Future research efforts will focus on estimating the continued sustainability of this innovative outpatient care model.
Early Identification of Significant Patents Using Heterogeneous Applicant-Citation Networks Based on the Chinese Green Patent Data

With the deterioration of the environment and the acceleration of resource consumption, green patent innovation focusing on environmental protection fields has become a research hot-spot around the world. Previous researchers constructed homogeneous information networks to analyze the influence of patents based on citation ranking algorithms. However, a patent information network is a complex network containing multiple pieces of information (e.g., citation, applicant, inventor), and the use of a single information network will result in incomplete information or information loss, and the obtained results are biased. In addition, scholars constructed centrality indicators to assess the importance of patents with less consideration of the age bias problem of algorithms and models, and the results obtained are inaccurate. In this paper, based on the Chinese green patent (CNGP) dataset from 1985 to 2020, a CNGP heterogeneous applicant-citation network is constructed, and the rescaling method and normalization procedure are used to solve the age bias. The results illustrate that the method proposed in this paper is able to identify significant patents earlier, and the performance of the rescaled indegree (R_ID) works best such as the IR score is 17.32% in the top 5% of the rankings, and it is the best in the constructed dynamic heterogeneous networks as well. In addition, the constructed heterogeneous information network has better results compared with the traditional homogeneous information network, such as the NIR score of R_ID metrics can be improved by 2% under the same condition. Therefore, the analysis method proposed in this paper can reasonably evaluate the quality of patents and identify significant patents earlier, thus providing a new method for scientists to measure the quality of patents.
Synthesis and Characterization of Thermally Stable Lignosulfonamides

Lignin, a highly aromatic macromolecule building plant cells, and cellulose are two of the most commonly occurring natural polymers. Lignosulfonate is a grade of technical lignin, obtained as a by-product in the paper and wood pulping industries, a result of the used lignin isolation method, i.e., sulfite process. In this work, sodium lignosulfonate is used as a starting material to manufacture sulfonamide derivatives of lignin in a two-step modification procedure. Since this direction of the lignin modification is rather rarely investigated and discussed, it makes a good starting point to expand the state of knowledge and explore the properties of lignosulfonamides. Materials obtained after modification underwent characterization by FTIR, SS-NMR, WAXD, SEM, and TGA. Spectroscopic measurements confirmed the incorporation of dihexylamine into the lignin structure and the formation of lignosulfonamide. The crystalline structure of the material was not affected by the modification procedure, as evidenced by the WAXD, with only minute morphological changes of the surface visible on the SEM imaging. The obtained materials were characterized by improved parameters of thermal stability in relation to the raw material. As-prepared sulfonamide lignin derivatives with a potential application as a filler in biopolymeric composites may become a new class of functional, value-added, sustainable additives.
Three Studies in Locality and Case

Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1: The Syntax of Free Relative Constructions 1. The Configurational Properties of Realis FRCs and their Internal Syntax Effects: Critical Review of Earlier Literature 2. The Syntax of Null-Operator FRCs 3. The Theory of pro, Anti-Pied-Piping Effects and Non-nominal FRCs 4. Coindexation-Dependent PF Processes 5. The Analysis of Non-indicative/Irrealis FRCs Chapter 2: Rumanian Determiners as Functional Categories Chapter 3: On Null Operators in Rumanian.
Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices through Participatory Research: A Case Study on Galapagos Islands Farmers Using Water-Saving Technologies

Agriculture in the populated islands of the Galapagos Archipelago, a protected area due to its unique biodiversity, has been detrimental to its conservation but highly required to meet food necessities. A potential solution to make agricultural farming more sustainable is adopting water-saving technologies (WSTs). Therefore, this study aimed to test the effectiveness of using WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® in three of the most valuable crops in the islands through participatory research with the involvement of a group of farmers from the Floreana and Santa Cruz islands and explore a possible transition to more sustainable agricultural practices. Capsicum annuum, Cucumis sativus and Solanum lycopersicum were cultivated using Groasis Waterboxx® and compared to conventional irrigation practices (drip-irrigated controls) to assess the variability of productivity, the number of fruits and individual fruit weight (IFW). In addition, differences in plant traits were analyzed by crop, and island. Results suggested that WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® may provide on-farm benefits regarding the yields of the studied traits. From this study, it is difficult to determine whether participation in such a research study will permanently change irrigation practices. However, the participant’s responses to the study suggest an increase in their understanding of the use and benefits of WST.
On the Spatially Resolved Star Formation History in M51. II. X-Ray Binary Population Evolution

We present a new technique for empirically calibrating how the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of X-ray binary (XRB) populations evolves following a star formation event. We first utilize detailed stellar population synthesis modeling of far-UV-to-far-IR photometry of the nearby face-on spiral galaxy M51 to construct maps of the star formation histories (SFHs) on subgalactic (≈400 pc) scales. Next, we use the ≈850 ks cumulative Chandra exposure of M51 to identify and isolate 2–7 keV detected point sources within the galaxy, and we use our SFH maps to recover the local properties of the stellar populations in which each X-ray source is located. We then divide the galaxy into various subregions based on their SFH properties (e.g., star formation rate (SFR) per stellar mass and mass-weighted stellar age) and group the X-ray point sources according to the characteristics of the regions in which they are found. Finally, we construct and fit a parameterized XLF model that quantifies how the XLF shape and normalization evolves as a function of the XRB population age Our best-fit model indicates that the XRB XLF per unit stellar mass declines in normalization, by ∼3–3.5 dex, and steepens in slope from ≈10 Myr to ≈10 Gyr. We find that our technique recovers results from past studies of how XRB XLFs and XRB luminosity scaling relations vary with age and provides a self-consistent picture for how XRB XLFs evolve with age.
Bilayer linearized tensor renormalization group approach for thermal tensor networks

In this paper, we perform a comprehensive study of the renormalization group (RG) method on thermal tensor networks (TTN). By Trotter-Suzuki decomposition, one obtains the 1+1D TTN representing the partition function of 1D quantum lattice models, and then employs efficient RG contractions to obtain the thermodynamic properties with high precision. The linearized tensor renormalization group (LTRG) method, which can be used to contract TTN in an efficient and accurate way, is briefly reviewed. In addition, the single-layer LTRG can be generalized to a bilayer form, dubbed as LTRG++, in both finite- and infinite-size systems, with accuracies significantly improved. We provide the details of LTRG++ in finite-size system, comparing its accuracy with single-layer algorithm, and elaborate the infinite-size LTRG++ in the context of fermion chain model. We show that the LTRG++ algorithm in infinite-size system is in essence equivalent to transfer-matrix renormalization group method, while expressed in a tensor network language. LTRG++ is then applied to study an extended Hubbard model, where the phase separation phenomenon, groundstate phase diagram, as well as quantum criticality-enhanced magnetocaloric effects under external fields, are investigated.
Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Unique Genes Signatures of Epithelial Reorganization in Primary Airway Epithelium Induced by Type-I, -II and -III Interferons

Biosensors such as toll-like receptors (TLR) induce the expression of interferons (IFNs) after viral infection that are critical to the first step in cell-intrinsic host defense mechanisms. Their differential influence on epithelial integrity genes, however, remains elusive. A genome-wide gene expression biosensor chip for gene expression sensing was used to examine the effects of type-I, -II, and -III IFN stimulation on the epithelial expression profiles of primary organotypic 3D air-liquid interface airway cultures. All types of IFNs induced similar interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs): OAS1, OAS2, and IFIT2. However, they differentially induced transcription factors, epithelial modulators, and pro-inflammatory genes. Type-I IFN-induced genes were associated with cell–cell adhesion and tight junctions, while type-III IFNs promoted genes important for transepithelial transport. In contrast, type-II IFN stimulated proliferation-triggering genes associated and enhanced pro-inflammatory mediator secretion. In conclusion, with our microarray system, we provide evidence that the three IFN types exceed their antiviral ISG-response by inducing distinct remodeling processes, thereby likely strengthening the epithelial airway barrier by enhancing cross-cell-integrity (I), transepithelial transport (III) and finally reconstruction through proliferation (II).
Thermal conductivities of Si1-xGex nanowires with different germanium concentrations and diameters

The thermal conductivities of Si1−xGex nanowires (NWs) synthesized with Ge concentrations of 0.0%, 0.4%, 4%, and 9% and different diameters were measured from 40 to 420 K. The thermal conductivity of Si1−xGex NWs decreases as the Ge concentration increases due to alloy scattering. As the diameter of the Si1−xGex NWs decreases, the thermal conductivity decreases due to phonon boundary scattering. However, the thermal conductivity dependency on the diameter of the NWs is not significant. This indicates that alloy scattering should be the dominant scattering mechanism in Si1−xGex NWs. This study should provide a basis for designing efficient thermoelectric devices out of Si1−xGex NWs and Si1−xGex nanocomposites.
Why are classical bulges more common in S0 galaxies than in spiral galaxies

In this paper, we try to understand why the classical bulge fraction observed in S0 galaxies is significantly higher than that in spiral galaxies. We carry out a comparative study of the bulge and global properties of a sample of spiral and S0 galaxies in a fixed environment. Our sample is flux limited and contains 262 spiral and 155 S0 galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We have classified bulges into classical and pseudobulge categories based on their position on the Kormendy diagram. Dividing our sample into bins of galaxy stellar mass, we find that the fraction of S0 galaxies hosting a classical bulge is significantly higher than the classical bulge fraction seen in spirals even at fixed stellar mass. We have compared the bulge and the global properties of spirals and S0 galaxies in our sample and find indications that spiral galaxies which host a classical bulge, preferentially get converted into S0 population as compared to pseudobulge hosting spirals. By studying the star formation properties of our galaxies in the NUV-r color-mass diagram, we find that the pseudobulge hosting spirals are mostly star forming while the majority of classical bulge host spirals are in the green valley or in the passive sequence. We suggest that some internal process, such as AGN feedback or morphological quenching due to the massive bulge, quenches these classical bulge hosting spirals and transforms them into S0 galaxies, thus resulting in the observed predominance of the classical bulge in S0 galaxies.
One-Year Visual Outcomes and Corneal Higher-Order Aberration Assessment of Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction for the Treatment of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism

We present a retrospective, single-center report of one-year visual outcomes for Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) to treat myopia and myopic astigmatism, as well as to compare outcomes with other published literature, including results from the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA). A total of 405 eyes with a mean preoperative spherical equivalent of −5.54 diopters (D) underwent SMILE between April 2017 and April 2022. The outcomes measured included visual acuity, manifest refraction, vector analysis, and wavefront aberrometry at various time points, specifically pre-operative and twelve months post-operatively. Results were compared to other similar published studies of SMILE outcomes between 2012 and 2021. A total of 308 and 213 eyes were evaluated at three and twelve months, respectively. At twelve months, 79% of eyes achieved UDVA ≥ 20/20, and 99% had ≥20/40, with no patients losing ≥2 lines of vision. For accuracy, 84% of eyes were within 0.5 D of target SEQ, and 97% were within 1 D. Total corneal higher order aberrations (HOA) increased from 0.33 to 0.61 um. Significant change was found in vertical coma and spherical aberration at twelve months. SMILE remains a safe and effective treatment for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Clinical outcomes are likely to improve with increased surgeon experience and refinement of technology and nomograms.
Modeling the TeV Gamma-Ray Spectra of Two Low-Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei: Markarian 501 and Markarian 421

We discuss the results of modeling the TeV γ-ray spectra of two active galactic nuclei, Mrk 501 and Mrk 421, that have almost the same redshifts: z = 0.031 and 0.034, respectively. The effect of intergalactic γ-ray absorption is treated as an uncertainty in the measurement of the intrinsic spectrum. Although the objects differ, we obtain satisfactory fits for both of them in a synchrotron self-Compton scenario. Compared to previous models, our fits are characterized by higher values of the Doppler factor (δ ≥ 50) and an electron injection spectrum extending to higher energies (γmax ≥ 1.5 × 105). In the case of Mrk 421, the observed difference in spectral slope in X-rays and TeV γ-rays between the high and low states can be explained as a variation of a single parameter—the maximum energy γmaxmc2 at which electrons are injected.
The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). X. Multiple Rings, a Misaligned Inner Disk, and a Bright Arc in the Disk around the T Tauri star HD 143006

We present a detailed analysis of new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the disk around the T-Tauri star HD 143006, which at 46 mas (7.6 au) resolution reveals new substructures in the 1.25 mm continuum emission. The disk resolves into a series of concentric rings and gaps, together with a bright arc exterior to the rings that resembles hydrodynamical simulations of a vortex and a bridge-like feature connecting the two innermost rings. Although our 12CO observations at similar spatial resolution do not show obvious substructure, they reveal an inner disk depleted of CO emission. From the continuum emission and the CO velocity field we find that the innermost ring has a higher inclination than the outermost rings and the arc. This is evidence for either a small (∼8°) or moderate (∼41°) misalignment between the inner and outer disk, depending on the specific orientation of the near/far sides of the inner/outer disk. We compare the observed substructures in the ALMA observations with recent scattered-light data of this object from the Very Large Telescope/Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE). In particular, the location of narrow shadow lanes in the SPHERE image, combined with pressure-scale height estimates, favor a large misalignment of about 41°. We discuss our findings in the context of a dust-trapping vortex, planet-carved gaps, and a misaligned inner disk due to the presence of an inclined companion to HD 143006.
Evaluation of the efficacy of paravertebral blockade as a component of combined anesthesia in the surgical treatment of pulmonary cancer

The aim. The paper evaluates the effectiveness of implemented combined anaesthesia (inhalation with paravertebral blockade) in comparison with inhalation anaesthesia (IA) and total intravenous anaesthesia (TVA) at the stages of surgery and the early postoperative period in the surgical treatment of cancer lungs. Methods. The study involved 60 patients with an average age of 55±5.6 years, physical status ASA II–III, who underwent open surgical interventions in the scope of frontal or pneumonectomy or resection of part of the lung. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the method of anaesthetic support at the stage of anaesthesia maintenance: I (n=20) – combined anaesthesia was used; II (n=20) – IA with sevoflurane; III (n=20) – TVA. In addition, the leading indicators of central hemodynamics were studied; oxygen saturation (SaO2), CO2 ET (concentration of CO2 in exhaled air), cortisol level, and indicators of acid-base status were determined. The effectiveness of analgesia in the early postoperative period was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 10 control stages. Fasting intensity was recorded after waking up, after extubation, after 1 h. after surgery, on the first day after surgery every 3 h. and once a day from the 2nd day for 5-6 days. Results. The studied clinical and laboratory indicators indicated an adequate course of the applied type of anaesthesia. In the dynamics of pain syndrome (PS) in the postoperative period, a gradual subjective increase of pain syndrome was noted until the 3rd day, including a decrease in pain on the 4th - 6th day. It was established that when using combined anaesthesia, a less significant level of PS, according to VAS, was noted compared to inhalation anaesthesia and the use of TVA. Conclusions. Combined anaesthesia (inhalation with PVB) can more effectively prevent the development of post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) compared to TVA and IA in the surgical treatment of lung cancer