Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acolhimento em um serviço de emergência: percepção dos usuários

Objetivou-se compreender como os usuarios de um servico de emergencia percebiam a atuacao da enfermagem na realizacao do acolhimento. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 382 usuarios do servico, de outubro de 2008 a marco de 2009. Abordaram-se, de maneira aleatoria, sujeitos que haviam sido avaliados no acolhimento e encaminhados ao setor de emergencia. Verificou-se que a maioria dos usuarios (34,5%) referiu ter sido atendida pela equipe de enfermagem, porem menos da metade (49,2%) disse ter sido orientada por algum profissional da equipe no acolhimento. As maiores dificuldades sentidas pelos usuarios referiram-se a carencia de informacoes e de respeito no atendimento. Ressalta-se a importância de maior atuacao da enfermagem no acolhimento, entendido como uma atividade nao restrita a porta de entrada do servico.
Forceps deliveries and fetomaternal outcome in modern obstetrics

Instrumental deliveries are vaginal deliveries accomplished with the use of vacuum device or forceps. Instrumental deliveries are an important part of obstetric practice which enables the obstetrician to deliver vaginally and thereby reducing the caesarean rates. Modern obstetric practice has witnessed an increase in the caesarean section rates everywhere. There are ways of preventing primary caesarean delivery and forceps delivery is one of them. ACOG and the Society for maternal fetal medicine address the concept of preventing the primary caesarean delivery.
Low birthweight: country regional and global estimates.

Low birthweight has been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as weight at birth of less than 2500 grams (5.5 pounds). This practical cut-off for international comparison is based on epidemiological observations that infants weighing less than 2500 g are approximately 20 times more likely to die than heavier babies. More common in developing than developed countries a birthweight below 2500 g contributes to a range of poor health outcomes. The goal of reducing low birthweight incidence by at least one third between 2000 and 2010 is one of the major goals in ‘A World Fit for Children’ the Declaration and Plan of Action adopted at the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Children in 2002. The reduction of low birthweight also forms an important contribution to the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) for reducing child mortality. Activities towards the achievement of the MDGs will need to ensure a healthy start in life for children by making certain that women commence pregnancy healthy and well nourished and go through pregnancy and childbirth safely. Low birthweight is therefore an important indicator for monitoring progress towards these internationally agreed-upon goals. (excerpt)
An Investigation Exploring the Drivers of Employee Engagement: A United States Customs and Border Protection Perspective

This dissertation is investigating employee engagement in the context of the largest law enforcement agency in the United States, Customs and Border Protection (CBP). This study aims to explore drivers of employee engagement within CBP. The literature on employee engagement is examined to help identify key antecedents. These factors are explored using semi-structured interviews from the perspective of CBP employees. Following a thematic approach to analysis the research aims to discover if the same determinants discussed in the literature influence the engagement of CBP employees. Broadly speaking the findings concur with the literature, however a key finding was identified relating to media coverage as a significant influencer of employee engagement. CBP has received a large amount of negative coverage in the media lately, due to issues on the Mexican border and the desire for the current U.S. administration to construct a wall with Mexico. When exploring this concept, the participants were asked if adverse media coverage influenced their engagement at work in a positive or negative way. The results showed that media coverage had an overriding influence on their level of engagement in the organisation. This research finds that this concept has a significant influence of employee engagement albeit in a negative manner. Interestingly the literature fails to address media coverage as a concept that may influence employee engagement in an organisation. This study recommends future research to address this knowledge deficiency particularly in a business environment where media is increasingly taking centre stage between the organisation and its employees.
Legitimacy and relevance of a performance measurement system in a Finnish public-sector case

Purpose This study investigates the difficulties involved in translating stakeholder expectations into action and maintaining legitimacy through the use of a performance measurement system (PMS) created in a Finnish regional development company (RDC). This longitudinal case study illustrates the fluctuating and socially constructed nature of legitimacy in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative case study longitudinally analyzes the various developments occurring during and after the development of a PMS system for the case organization. Empirical data include interviews, workshops, observation and other materials relating to the case organization. Findings The initial interest in operational improvement changed to legitimation-seeking behavior by the case organization when the measures created were modified to accord with the changed preferences of the key stakeholders. However, the pursuit of legitimacy for the RDC was made difficult by the outcome-oriented, changing and contradictory nature of stakeholders’ demands. This study’s findings reveal a continuous mismatch between organizational activities and the board’s expectations, leading to the eventual closure of the organization. Practical implications The findings help to analyze the legitimacy and relevance of PMSs in public-sector projects. The study highlights the practical importance of analyzing the different legitimacy priorities of various stakeholder groups, such as politicians and entrepreneurs. Originality/value The study analyzes the fluctuating nature of legitimacy longitudinally in the public-sector context from the stakeholder perspective. This study analyzes a situation where the stakeholders’ evaluations of the legitimacy of the organization, and the PMS developed, change over time, complicating the accounting for stakeholders.
A Comparison of Tools and Methods for Estimating Groundwater‐Surface Water Exchange

A comparison of tools for measuring discharge rates in a sandy streambed was conducted along a transect near the north bank of the Grindsted Å (stream), Denmark. Four tools were evaluated at six locations spaced 3 m apart in the stream: mini‐piezometers, streambed point velocity probes (SBPVPs), temperature profilers, and seepage meters. Comparison of the methods showed that all identified a similar trend of low to high groundwater discharges moving westward along the transect. Furthermore, it was found that the differences between discharges estimated from Darcy calculations (using the mini‐pizometers), and SBPVPs were not statistically different from zero, at the 90% confidence level. Seepage meter estimates were consistently lower than those of the other two methods, but compared more reasonably with the application of a correction factor of 1.7, taken from the literature. In contrast, discharges estimated from temperature profiling (to a depth of 40 cm) were found to be about an order of magnitude less than those determined with the other methods, possibly due to interferences from horizontal hyporheic flow. Where the various methods produced statistically different discharge estimations at the same location, it is hypothesized that the differences arose from method‐specific sources of bias, including installation depths. On the basis of this work, practitioners interested in measuring flow across the groundwater‐surface water interface achieve the least variability with seepage meters and the SBPVP. However the accuracy of the seepage meter depended on a calibrated correction factor while that of the SBPVP did not.
The eukaryotic ribosomal protein S15/uS19 is involved in fungal development and its C-terminal tail contributes to stop codon recognition

S15/uS19 is one of the fifteen universally conserved ribosomal proteins of the small ribosomal subunit. While prokaryotic uS19 is located away from the mRNA decoding site, cross-linking studies identified eukaryotic uS19 C-terminal tail as contacting the A site on the 80S ribosome. Here, we study the effects of uS19 mutations isolated as translation accuracy mutations in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina. All mutations alter residues of uS19 C-terminal tail, and cluster to the eukaryote-specific decapeptide 138-PGIGATHSSR-147. All mutations modify fungal development and cytosolic translation, albeit differently. Two mutations (P138S and S145F) increase fungus longevity and display mild effects on translation, while others (G139D and G139C) decrease longevity, have stronger effects on translation and confer hypersensitivity to paromomycin. By mimicking P. anserina mutations in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae RPS15 gene, we further show that P138S and S145F induce hyperaccurate recognition of the three stop codons, whereas G139D and G139C impair UAG and UAA codon recognition. Noteworthy, in P. anserina, uS19 genetically interacts with the eRF1 and eRF3 release factors. All together, our data indicate that uS19 C-terminal tail contributes in vivo to eukaryotic translation termination, and identify key amino acids of uS19 that potentially modulate eRF1-eRF3 interaction in the pre-termination complex. Graphical abstract Abbreviated Summary S15/uS19 is a conserved small ribosomal protein that in eukaryotes harbors a flexible C-terminal extension proposed to interact with the A site mRNA codon during translation. Here, we describe how C-terminal variants variously affect Podospora anserina development and longevity and impact fungal ribosome and polysome formation. We reveal that stop codon recognition is significantly altered by the presence of those C-terminal variants, which either expand or on the contrary restrict termination ambiguity.
Helping the helpers: Evaluating the impact of a controlled language checker on the intralingual and interlingual translation tasks involving volunteer health professionals

ABSTRACT Cochrane is a non-profit organization which mainly relies on volunteer health professionals for the production, simplification, evaluation, and multilingual dissemination of high-quality health content. The approach that Cochrane volunteers adopt for the simplification (or intralingual translation) of English health content is non-automated and involves the manual checking and implementation of plain language guidelines. This study investigated whether and to what extent the introduction of a controlled language (CL) checker – which would make the simplification approach semi-automated – increased authors’ satisfaction and machine translation (MT) quality. Twelve Cochrane authors completed a standardized questionnaire and answered follow-up questions on their level of satisfaction and preferences. Forty-one Cochrane evaluators assessed the quality of the Spanish MT outputs of simplified texts. Authors showed a preference for the introduction of a CL checker. Differences in MT quality scores were slight.
Association between lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of stroke in the Chinese Han population: a retrospective case-control study

Background Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor of coronary heart disease, however, its effects on stroke are less well-defined. Methods We performed a single-center, retrospective case-control study in 1,953 and 196 ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in-hospital patients, respectively. Controls were healthy individuals that were matched for sex and age (±5 years) for the ischemic (1:1 ratio) and hemorrhagic (1:2 ratio) stroke. Lp(a) concentration was measured using the latex agglutination turbidimetric method. Logarithmic transformation and quartile categorization were applied to adjust for the skewed distribution of Lp(a). Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the association between Lp(a) and stroke risk. Results Median Lp(a) concentration was higher in stroke patients when compared with controls (12.2 vs. 8.60 mg/dL) and hemorrhagic strokes (14.40 vs. 13.40 mg/dL). The conditional multivariate analysis revealed a positive association between Lp(a) and ischemic stroke (OR =2.03, 2.36, and 2.03 for quartiles 2, 3 and 4, respectively, vs. quartile 1; P<0.001). In addition, elevated Lp(a) was also significantly associated with increased hemorrhagic stroke risk, after adjusted for potential covariates (OR =1.93, 3.24, and 2.19 for quartile 2, 3 and 4 respectively vs. quartile 1, P<0.05). The stratified analyses for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke revealed significant association between elevated log-transformed Lp(a) and ischemic stroke in men. Furthermore, there was a trend towards a higher stroke risk for younger patients compared with older patients. Conclusions Elevated serum Lp(a) is significantly positively correlated with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke risk in the Chinese Han population, especially among men and younger patients.
Effect of Educational Guidelines for Prevention of Immobilization Complications on Caregivers' Performance and Patients' Functional Condition

Long immobilization periods lead to overall complication and have been associated with poor functional outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational guidelines for prevention of immobilization complications on caregivers' performance and patients' functional condition. Quazi experimental design was utilized for conducting the study. Two purposive samples of 45 immobilized patients and their caregivers from orthopedic wards in El demerdash hospital, Cairo, Egypt, were randomly divided into study and control groups. Data were collected through; Self-Administered Structured Questionnaire to assess demographic characteristics and knowledge. Observational checklist also used to assess caregivers' practice. PULSUSE profile used to assess patients' functional condition. Results: There was statistically significant improvement of caregivers' knowledge and practice regarding prevention of immobilization complications and improvement of patients' functional condition in the study group after implementation of educational guidelines when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Educational guidelines improve the caregivers' knowledge and practice regarding prevention of immobilization complication. Recommendations: It is suggested to apply these educational guidelines on the caregivers of immobilized patients and to replicate the study on a larger study sample in different settings to generalize the results.
Comparison Between Hospital Inpatient Cost and INA-CBGs Tariff of Inpatient Care in the National Health Insurance Scheme in Solo, Boyolali and Karanganyar Districts, Central Java

Background: Hospital has an important referral system role in the implementation on the National Health Insurance (NHI) Scheme. BPJS Kesehatan (NHI Implementing Agency) pays hospitals by Indonesian Case Based Groups (INA-CBGs) method. This payment method may potentially cause loss or profit to the hospital, when there is discrepancy between hospital inpatient cost and INA-CBGs tariff of inpatient care. This study aimed at investigating the discrepancy between hospital inpatient cost and INA-CBGs tarif of inpatient care and the determinants of hospital inpatient cost.Subjectsand Method: This was an analytic and observational study cross sectional approach. This study was conducted in 2 publichospitals and 2 private hospitals, from October to December 2016. A total sample of 100 inpatients was selected at random for this study. The dependent variables were hospital inpatient cost and INA-CBGs tariff. The independent variables included hospital type, inpatients class, disease severity, use of ICU, and length of stay. The data were analyzed by a multiple linear regression model.Results:Averagehospital inpatient cost (mean= Rp. 2,280,000; SD=1,690,000) was lower than average INA-CBGs (mean=Rp. 3,060,000). There were negative relationships between hospital type, inpatient class, disease severity, and hospital inpatient cost. Private hospital inpatient cost(b=-5.66;95% CI= -1.20 to 0.06; p= 0.078) was lower than public hospital inpatient cost. Class 2 inpatient care (b= -0.34; 95% CI=-1.09 to 0.41, p =0.371), class 3 inpatient care (b =-0.50; 95% CI =-1.23 to 0.23, p=0.177), had lower hospital inpatient cost than class 1 inpatient care.Severe disease (b=-0.12; 95% CI= -1.95 to 1.71; p= 0.894) had lower hospital inpatient cost than mild disease, although it was not statistically significant. There were positive relationships between use of ICU, disease severity, length of stay, and hospital inpatient cost. Using ICU (b= 1.58; 95% CI= 0.76 to 2.4; p= <0.001) had higher hospital inpatient cost than not using ICU. Moderate disease severity (b= 0.55; 95% CI = -0.20 to 1.30; p= 0.150) had higher hospital inpatient cost than mild disease. Longer stay (b= 0.27; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.45; p= 0.005) had higher hospital inpatient cost than shorter stay. Conclusion:Average hospital inpatient cost was lower than average INA-CBGs tariff. Hospital type, use of ICU, and length of stay, are important determinants of hospital inpatient cost.Keywords: hospital inpatient cost, INA-CBGs tariff, determinantCorrespondence: Indriyati Oktaviano Rahayuningrum. Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University Surakarta. Email: indriyatioktaviano@yahoo.comJournal of Health Policy and Management 1(2): 102-112https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2016. 01.02. 05
Biomechanical Analysis of the Slow-Twitch (Red) Muscle Force Transmission Pathways in Tunas

In tunas, the slow-twitch red muscle, which has an elevated temperature, powers thunniform locomotion, a stiff-bodied swimming style. The anatomical placement and operating temperatures of red muscle vary widely among teleosts: in tunas, the red muscle is located centrally in the body, adjacent to the spine, and maintains an elevated temperature. In the majority of ectothermic teleosts, red muscle is located laterally in the body, adjacent to the skin, and operates at ambient temperature. The specialized physiology and biomechanics of red muscle in tunas are often considered important adaptations to their high-performance pelagic lifestyle; however, the mechanics of how muscular work is transmitted to the tail remains largely unknown. The red muscle has a highly pennate architecture and is connected to the spine through a network of bones (epicentral bones) and long tendons (posterior oblique tendons). The network of long tendons has been hypothesized to enhance the power transmitted to the tail. Here, we investigate the morphology and biomechanics of the tuna’s red muscle and tendons to determine whether elasticity is exploited to reduce the cost of transport, as is the case in many terrestrial vertebrates. To address this question, we evaluate two hypotheses: (1) tendons stretch during red-muscle-actuated swimming and (2) tendons comprise the primary load transmission pathway from the red muscle to the spine. To evaluate these hypotheses, we measured the mechanical properties of the posterior oblique tendons and performed novel dissections to estimate the peak force that the red muscle can generate. The force-generating capacity of the red muscle is calculated to be much greater than the load-bearing capacity of the posterior oblique tendons. Thus, the long tendons likely stretch under force from the red muscle, but they are not strong enough to be the primary force transmission pathway. These results suggest that other pathways, such as serial load transmission through the red muscle myomeres to the great lateral tendon and/or the anterior oblique tendons to the skin, transmit appreciable force to the tail.
Dynamic competition for hexon binding between core protein VII and lytic protein VI promotes adenovirus maturation and entry

Significance To achieve their full infectious potential, virus particles transition from relatively inert to highly reactive agents upon encountering an appropriate host cell. Here we examine the basis for this transition in adenovirus, a human pathogen and widely used gene-transfer vector. Adenovirus particles contain more than 10 different proteins plus the viral genome. We focus on the interplay between two of these proteins: The major core protein VII, involved in genome condensation, and the internal minor coat protein VI, bearing lytic activity required to rupture endosomes during entry. Our data support a model where the ability of protein VII to compete with VI in hexon binding facilitates proper exposure of the lytic peptide, ensuring virion escape from the early endosome. Adenovirus minor coat protein VI contains a membrane-disrupting peptide that is inactive when VI is bound to hexon trimers. Protein VI must be released during entry to ensure endosome escape. Hexon:VI stoichiometry has been uncertain, and only fragments of VI have been identified in the virion structure. Recent findings suggest an unexpected relationship between VI and the major core protein, VII. According to the high-resolution structure of the mature virion, VI and VII may compete for the same binding site in hexon; and noninfectious human adenovirus type 5 particles assembled in the absence of VII (Ad5-VII-) are deficient in proteolytic maturation of protein VI and endosome escape. Here we show that Ad5-VII- particles are trapped in the endosome because they fail to increase VI exposure during entry. This failure was not due to increased particle stability, because capsid disruption happened at lower thermal or mechanical stress in Ad5-VII- compared to wild-type (Ad5-wt) particles. Cryoelectron microscopy difference maps indicated that VII can occupy the same binding pocket as VI in all hexon monomers, strongly arguing for binding competition. In the Ad5-VII- map, density corresponding to the immature amino-terminal region of VI indicates that in the absence of VII the lytic peptide is trapped inside the hexon cavity, and clarifies the hexon:VI stoichiometry conundrum. We propose a model where dynamic competition between proteins VI and VII for hexon binding facilitates the complete maturation of VI, and is responsible for releasing the lytic protein from the hexon cavity during entry and stepwise uncoating.