Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recombinogenic Effect of the Ternary Complex of Copper(II) with Doxycycline and 1,10-Phenanthroline on Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster

In the search for new anti-tumor agents, exploiting features such as the flexibility of coordination modes of metals have become an alternative strategy for synthesizing pharmaceuticals. It has been shown that the CuDP (copper(II), doxycycline, and 1,10-phenanthroline) complex cleaves DNA strands by an oxidative mechanism and by intercalating the major groove, resulting in a cytotoxic action. The objective of this study was to assess the mutagenic/recombinogenic effects of the CuDP complex in vivo using the SMART (Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test) in Drosophila melanogaster. Treatments were carried out with third instar larvae at the standard cross and high bioactivation cross using three concentrations of CuDP (6.92, 13.84 or 27.67 mM). The mutagenic doxorubicin (0.4 mM) was used as a positive control and reverse osmosis water as a negative control. For each compound, marked trans-heterozygous and balanced heterozygous individuals were analyzed to determine the mutational and recombinogenic events occurring in the cells. We found that CuDP significantly increased the frequencies of mutant cells in both standard and high bioactivation crosses, mostly by induction of recombination. These data show that CuDP is a direct recombinogenic agent that is independent of bioactivation.
Water Quality Study of Man-made Lake in UNIMAS New Campus

This study was carried out to document the water quality and nutrients content of manmade lake in new UNIMAS campus. Water samples were collected from 3 stations, at subsurface and bottom. The mean water quality parameters measured were Dissolve Oxygen (7.74 mg/L), TSS (4.10 mg/L), TDS (4.70) BOD5 (1.69 mg/L), COD (26.96 mg/L), nitrate nitrogen (0.05 mg/L), orthophosphate (0.05 mg/L), ammonia nitrogen (0.03 mg/L), pH (6.47), and temperature (29.98 °C). The water quality of UNIMAS man-made lake is considered clean.
Volvox carteri F. Stein- A New Report from West Bengal, India

In the present paper, a brief description of Volvox carteri F. Stein along with illustration, habitat, limnological parameter, threat, significance, present status and distribution in India had been given. The species belong to the family Sphaerellaceae of the order Volvocales under class of Chlorophyceae. The alga is colonial, spherical and composed of vegetative cells and asexual reproductive bodies (gonidia). Both vegetative cells and gonidia are embedded in mucilaginous matrix. Coenobium is consists of 2500-3000 somatic cells. Most interestingly, when it was found in aquatic bodies, it occurred in great abundance. This alga was noted as green free floating form in the periphery of a pond at Madhusudanpur of Hooghly district in West Bengal. This was sporadic in occurrence in this locality and periodicity was observed from winter to summer. On the basis of published records, it appears to be a new report from West Bengal, India. Limnological study exhibited that the alga grew in moderate alkaline water and there were some organic loads in studied water body because higher COD (chemical oxygen demand), total alkalinity and total hardness values were recorded. Low levels of nutrients in respect of NO3-N (nitrate-nitrogen) and PO4 3(phosphate) were measured that also supported the growth of this specie
Effects of Gibberellin and Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitor (Paclobutrazol) Applications on Radish (Raphanus sativus) Taproot Expansion and the Presence of Authentic Hormones

Radish (Raphanus sativus L), is a taproot plant that undergoes noticeable organ size modification during plant growth and development. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis and stimulates the proliferation and expansion of plant root cells in growth and developmental stages. Our study aims to examine the effects of PBZ treatment on the storage organ of plant. Four treatments were applied at the pre-cortex splitting stage of “Nau-yh” radish plant. Foliar spray treatments including PBZ (50 mg/L), gibberellic acid (GA3, 150 mg/L) and a mix of GA3+PBZ (150+50 mg/L) were applied. The results revealed considerable improvement in taproot growth and decreases development in aerial parts after 48 days of the growth. Paclobutrazol treatment showed enhanced growth parameters, most notably, root weight was 33% higher than GA treatment, 28% higher than the control (H2O), and 23% higher than the PBZ+GA treatment. PBZ also significantly promoted xylem development in tuberous root of radish. In contrast, the GA3 treatment inhibited tuberous root growth and enhanced shoot growth in plants. Furthermore, mass spectrometry assay confirmed the absence of gibberellins in paclobutrazol-treated plants, whereas auxin was found in all treatments. Our study provides the first evidence on the applicability of PBZ in root size expansion of radish plant. © 2017 Friends Science Publishers
Geographical distribution of Puccinia triticina physiologic races in Egypt during 2012-2014 growing seasons

Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is a common disease in Egypt and worldwide. Survey of wheat leaf rust samples and identification of physiological races using twenty single Lr genes are very important in describing virulence pattern variation, geographical distribution of leaf rust pathotypes and how its change in response to host selection. Variability in population of the causal organism is annually determined using samples collected from wheat growing areas in Egypt for three growing seasons that is, 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. The results obtained showed a significant variability in pathotypes which are different from season to season. In the course of this study a total of 50, 65 and 33 leaf rust samples were collected in 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, respectively from different wheat growing areas in eight governorates of Egypt that is, Beheira, Dakahlia, Gharbiya, Minufiya, Sharqiya, Domiatta, Qalyubiya and BaniSweif. A total of 118, 166 and 61 physiologic races were identified in 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, respectively. The most frequent races included STTST and TKTTT (each with 2.54%) in 2011/2012; PKTST (6.63%), TTTTT (7.83%) and TTTST (10.24%) in 2012/2013 as well as FKTTT (4.92%) and PTTTT (11.47%) in 2013/2014. Race groups PT--and TK--were common at eight locations during the three growing seasons. Cluster analysis based on percentage frequency of virulence of P. triticina race groups in different location showed that in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 growing seasons two main clusters were formed. While, in 2013/2014 growing season the cluster analysis was divided into six main clusters. Lines with Lr 1, Lr 2c, Lr 3, Lr 16, Lr 24 and Lr 26 were susceptible against most race groups, while, the leaf rust monogenic lines Lr 2a and Lr 9 showed different reactions against the tested race groups.
Aberrant Glycosylation in HEMPAS Patients

HEMPAS (hereditay erythroblastic mdtinuclearity with positive acidified serurn lysis test) is a rare congcnital anernia. A group of enzymatic lesions affecting the biosynthesis of N-linked oligosaccharides has been reported in HEMPAS. This study was conducted to investigate the molecular basis of KEMPAS in a group of Ontario patients. Lectin binding and endoglycosidase digestions were utilized to determine the nature of abnormal oligosaccharides on two erythrocyte membrane giycoproteins, Bands 3 and 4.5. The results suggest a hybrid or high mannose N-glycan in place of poly NacetyUactosamine on these proteins, consistent with a defect in a-mannosidase II. A reduction in the enzymatic activities of GnT II or P4GdT. as reported in some HEMPAS patients, was not detected in the cdtured EBV-tnnsformed lymphobiasts of Our patients. Moreover, poly N-acetyllactosamine was present on proteins in these cells. The alteration in the oligosaccharide moiety of Band 4.5 did not interfere with its glucose transport
Oligotrophic water conditions associated with organic matter regeneration support life and indicate pollution on the western side of Fernando de Noronha Island - NE, Brazil (3°S)

A oligotrofia tem base na baixa disponibilidade de nutrientes inorgânicos, sendo que, normalmente, em aguas equatoriais, o teor de nutrientes inorgânicos nao e suficiente para sustentar a riqueza de vida observada em alguns lugares especiais nesta latitude. Assim, a compreensao do papel dos componentes orgânicos dissolvidos nos ciclos biogeoquimicos do N e do P poderia esclarecer o suporte da cadeia alimentar em aguas equatoriais oligotroficas. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de contribuir ao conhecimento da disponibilidade de nutrientes e participacao de componentes orgânicos na condicao trofica das aguas do entorno de uma ilha equatorial oceânica no Atlântico Sul. A agua e o fitoplâncton foram amostrados na franja ocidental do arquipelago Fernando de Noronha, em marco de 2015. As condicoes tropicais oceânicas prevaleceram neste dominio oceânico com altas salinidade (>;36,19) e temperatura (>;28,30°C). As condicoes oceânicas garantiram os altos valores de pH (>;8,0) e oxigenio dissolvido (>;5,00 mL L-1). A alcalinidade mostrou ligeiras variacoes com menores valores associados a interacao biologica. A materia particulada em suspensao esteve relativamente baixa e a fracao orgânica foi associada ao processo produtivo e/ou contribuicao da poluicao, o que e confirmado principalmente por altas concentracoes de DON (~4,00 µmol L-1) associada aos maiores valores de clorofila total na situacao de producao primaria e, com a ureia em situacao de poluicao. O conteudo de ureia atingiu 2,77 µmol L-1 em um ponto de disposicao de efluentes quando um evento de contaminacao foi observado na regiao. Os nutrientes inorgânicos disponiveis apresentaram baixas concentracoes, com uma media de N-amoniacal de 1,99±0,64 µmol L-1, nitrato com media de 0,13±0,04 µmol L-1, nitrito com media de 0,19±0,13 µmol L-1. O DIN variou de 0,74 a 4,32 µmol L-1, principalmente representado por N-amoniacal. O DOC apresentou valores de 53 a 109 µmol L-1 e, a relacao DOC:DON confirmou uma fonte orgânica para o reservatorio de N inorgânico a partir da oxidacao da materia orgânica e indicou que os compostos ricos em nitrogenio sao reciclados mais rapidamente do que os compostos ricos em carbono. As concentracoes totais de clorofila atingiram 0,81 mg m-3 e a notavel presenca de cianobacterias filamentosas frente a baixa disponibilidade de nitrogenio inorgânico, conduzindo a uma cadeia trofica inicialmente suportada com contribuicao do processo de fixacao.
Minimum inhibitory concentration of Brazilian Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains

The objectives of this study were to characterize Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of strains obtained from pigs in Brazil based on the minimal inhibitory concentration test (MIC). The MIC was performed for 22 B. hyodysenteriae isolates obtained from 2011 to 2013 using the following antimicrobial drugs: tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, doxycycline, lincomycin and tylvalosin. Outbreaks of swine dysentery were diagnosed based on clinical presentation, bacterial isolation, gross and microscopic lesions, duplex PCR for B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli and nox gene sequencing. All obtained MIC values were consistently higher or equal to the microbiological cut-off described in the literature. The MIC 90 values for the tested drugs were 8μg/ml for doxycycline, >4μg/ml for valnemulin, 8μg/ml for tiamulin, 32μg/ml for tylvalosin, >64μg/ml for lincomycin and >128μg/ml for tylosin. These results largely corroborate those reported in the literature. Tiamulin, doxycycline and tylvalosin showed the lowest MIC results. All of the samples subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on the nox gene sequence exhibited similar results, showing 100% identity to B. hyodysenteriae. This is the first study describing the MIC pattern of B. hyodysenteriae isolated in Brazil.
Influence of Brevicoryne brassicae L. incidence on the yield of marketable cabbage heads under different insecticide spray regimes in highlands of Himachal Pradesh (India)

Strong and negative correlation was observed between the yield of marketable cabbage heads and populations of/plant infestations by cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) 14 days after first and second spray. Weak correlation existed between yield of marketable cabbage heads and aphid populations/plant infestations at pre-treatment. Therefore, insecticide sprays should be done to control late aphid infestations and avoided against early aphid infestations.
A survey on occurrence of internal and external fish parasites and causes of fish population reduction in Lake Hashenge, Tigray, Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to June 2016 to determine the occurrence of internal and external parasites in wild fish population of Lake Hashenge and identify the causes of the trends in reduction of fish population. A total of 125 randomly selected fish samples comprising 122 (97.6%) Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) and 3(2.4%) T. zilli were examined for internal helminthes and external parasites. Overall, 37.6% (47/125) of fish were infested by internal parasites (adults or eggs/larva) while none of them were infested with external parasites. The internal parasites recovered were Clinostomum , Acanthocephalues and Capillaria accounting for 15.2%, 11.2%, and 7.2% of the total infection respectively, while 4% had mixed infection. Moreover, the distribution of parasitic genera were found to be significantly different ( p <0.05) with respect to sex, weight, and lengths of the sampled fish, in that females ( n =48, 24.8%), fish with body weight 500-1000g ( n =89, 30.4%), and length 20-40cm ( n =68, 22.4%) were found to be more infected. Most of the respondents (92%) indicated a great reduction in the water and the fish population of the lack from its previous state. All of the respondents have stated that residents of the area wash their clothes in the Lake using synthetic and/or natural detergents and 86% of the respondents believed that Lake Hashenge receives flooding water from nearby uphills and the people use the water from the Lake for small scale irrigation purposes. These findings demand a future focus and stretch of intervention programs for alleviation of the problems facing the Lake before its exhaustion. Keywords: Fish; Lake Hashenge; Parasites; Prevalence; Population reduction
EZH2 as a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma: A Cellular and Molecular Study

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults and it is currently treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Many patients show resistance to TMZ, which is a challenge in the treatment of this type of brain cancer. New strategies are being tested, like the inhibition of EZH2, a histone methyltransferase which is overexpressed in cancer cells, leading to angiogenesis and metastasis. In this work, the EZH2 inhibitor DZNeP was tested in A172 glioblastoma cells and in A172-TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells. Inhibition of cell proliferation, adhesion, colony formation, and migration was noted in control and TMZresistant glioblastoma cells after DZNeP treatment. At the level of EZH2 target gene expression, DZNeP decreased EZH2 expression, and increased the expression of its target genes (E-cadherin and TIMP3), which might probably contribute to inhibiting the development of a cancer metastatic phenotype. Finally, DZNeP negatively regulated the TGFβ pathway. In conclusion, we propose that inhibition of EZH2 might be considered as a therapeutic strategy against glioblastoma.
Heritability (narrow sense) and genetic advance of for growth, yield and quality traits in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]

Carried out in two different seasons with aims to assess the extent of heritability and genetic advance involving 10 parents namely, NDBG-49-2 (P1), N. Rashmi (P2), N. Prabha (P3), N. Pooja (P4), Pusa Naveen (P5), Pb. Komal (P6), NDBG S-1 (P7), PBOG-3 (P8), NDBG-11 (P9) and Faizabadi Local (P10) at MES, Vegetable Science, NDUA. &T, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.) India during kharif 2015 (E1) and Rabi, 2015-16 (E2). The experiments were laid out in RBD with three replications having each experimental unit of single row with spacing of 3.0 m × 0.5 m. The observations were recorded on parents and F1’s for eighteen quantitative traits including six quality traits viz., days to first staminate flower anthesis, days to first pistillate flower anthesis, node number to first staminate flower, node number to first pistillate flower appearance, days to first fruit harvest, vine length (m), number of primary branches per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit circumference (cm), fruit weight (kg), number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant (kg), total soluble solids (°B), ascorbic acid (mg/100 g fresh fruit), reducing sugar (%), non-reducing sugar (%), total sugars (%) and dry matter content in fruit (%). The higher values of heritability (hn) estimates (> 30) were observed only for fruit length (52.20%, 37.50% and 35.17%) and fruit circumference (61.50%, 33.50% and 31.50%) during both the seasons and pooled. High genetic advance in per cent of mean were estimated for four traits, viz. number of fruit per plant (32.58%, 42.73% and 21.33%), fruit yield per plant (24.60%, 32.40% and 25.82%), reducing sugars (22.01%, 25.10% and 22.42%) and nonreducing sugar (27%, 38.96% and 28.01%) during both the seasons and pooled.
Effect of legume processing treatments individually orin combination on their phytic acid content

The effect of some processing treatments, such as soaking, dehulling, boiling, autoclaving, microwave cooking, germination and fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum, L.bulgaricus, L.acidophilus and L.casei, individually and in combination on the phytic acid content of soybean, mung bean and kidney bean was studied. Phytic acid content of raw soybean, mung bean and kidney bean was 35.01, 5.20 and 5.44 mg/g, respectively. Fermentation and germination individually and in combination with dehulling and cooking processes caused significant (p<0.05) decreases in phytic acid content more than that other of processing treatments. Among the three tested fermented seeds, kidney bean showed the greatest reduction in phytic acid 85.4 % compared to 77.0 % for soybean and 69.3 % for mung bean. However, L.bulgaricus was clearly the most effective one for decreasing phytic acid content during fermentation of different legumes.
Behavioral responses of Sotalia guianensis (Cetartiodactyla, Delphinidae) to boat approaches in northeast Brazil

Boat engines increase the noise levels of the oceans, alter the acoustic environment of cetaceans and diminish their efficiency to echolocate. This study aims to determine if Guiana dolphins ( Sotalia guianensis ) are influenced by boat approaches. A land-based survey was conducted to record behavioral responses and count surfacing events of Guiana dolphins during 293 observation sessions from February to November 2014 in Pontal Bay, Ilheus, Brazil. Ninety-eight behavioral responses to boat approaches of 93 dolphin groups were classified as negative (interruption or alteration of activity) or neutral (no response). The dolphins presented a neutral response to 90% of boats without engine approaches, 48% negative responses to inboard motorboat approaches, and 76% negative responses to outboard motor boat approach. Resting groups demonstrated 14 negatives and four neutral responses. Groups engaged in forage-feed activity presented ten negative and seven neutral responses while traveling groups exhibited 14 negative and 36 neutral responses. The average rate of surfacing events was significantly superior ( P < 0.001) in the absence of boats (1.83 ± 0.90 surfacing events ind -1 min -1 ) than in their presence (1.34 ± 0.92 surfacing events/individual/minute). Guiana dolphins are exposed to an increasing number of anthropic perturbations and the evaluation of its behavioral responses to approaching boats is the first step to comprehend the real impact of boat encounters. Our results may contribute to the development of management strategies in estuarine areas to increase the conservation of the Guiana dolphins.
The Membranous Labyrinth in vivo from high-resolution Temporal CT data

A prerequisite for the modeling and understanding of the inner ear mechanics needs the accurate created membranous labyrinth. I present a semi-automated methodology for accurate reconstruction of the membranous labyrinth in vivo from high-resolution temporal bone CT data of normal human subjects. I created the new technique which was combined with the segmentation methodology, transparent, thresholding, and opacity curve algorithms. This technique allowed the simultaneous multiple image creating without any overlapping regions in the inner ear has been developed. The reconstructed 3D images improved the membranous labyrinth geometry to realistically represent physiologic dimensions. These generated membranous structures were in good agreement with the published ones, while this approach was the most realistic in terms of the membranous labyrinth. The precise volume rendering depends on proprietary algorithms so that different results can be obtained, and the images appear qualitatively different. For each anatomical question, a different visualization technique should be used to obtain an optimal result. All scientists can create the membranous labyrinth in vivo in real time like a retinal camera. Synopsis Fusion image of the membranous and the bony labyrinth. Interactive thresholding transparent volume rendering technique is the new method based on the established algorithms. This technique can create the membranous labyrinth in vivo from high-resolution temporal CT data from any scientist. The role in the precise volume rendering depended on proprietary algorithms to make 3D histology of the membranous labyrinth from a conventional temporal CT data. An intrinsic light transparency of the tissue specification must be taken into account in imaging processing using a specific curve algorithm. The 3D in vivo histology can be readily applied to study disease processes and biology of the inner ear without any harmful procedures.
Maternal cannabinoid exposure during lactation alters the developmental trajectory of prefrontal cortex GABA-currents in offspring

Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the world, and its usage is increasing with its widespread legalization. Use of the drug by mothers during lactation may transfer active cannabinoids to the developing offspring, altering postnatal neurodevelopment during this critical period. During early life, GABA undergoes a functional switch from an excitatory to an inhibitory neurotransmitter due to reciprocal changes in expression of the K+/Cl- co-transporters KCC2 and NKCC1. Here, we characterize the functional GABA switch in the prefrontal cortex of both male and female rats. We show that treating rat dams with Δ9-THC or a synthetic cannabinoid during early lactation (PND01-10) retards KCC2 expression and delays the GABA switch in pups of both sexes via a CB1R-dependent mechanism. Our results indicate that the developmental trajectory of GABA in PFC neurons is significantly altered by perinatal exposure to cannabinoids through lactation during the early perinatal period.