Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ATP Induces Interleukin-8, Intracellular Calcium Release, and ERK1/2 Phosphorylation in Bovine Endometrial Cells, Partially through P2Y Receptors

Simple Summary Bovine uterine infections are common in the postpartum period and are associated with economic losses in dairy herding. Adequate immune function is key to preventing disease. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a known activator of the inflammatory response, and can be produced in the endometrial microenvironment. In this study, we observed that ATP increased the proinflammatory responses in bovine endometrial cells, such as release of chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8), intracellular calcium mobilization, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Additionally, we demonstrated the presence of a subtype of purinergic receptors (P2Y), specifically, high levels of P2Y1 and P2Y2 receptors. The inhibition of P2Y receptors reduced the proinflammatory responses induced by ATP. The results suggest that P2Y receptors play a role in endometrial inflammatory activation, which could be useful as a therapeutic strategy to regulate uterine inflammation through the modulation of P2Y receptors. Abstract The bovine endometrium has an important defensive role in the postpartum period that acts when an inflammatory process associated with tissue damage or infection by bacteria is produced. Endometrial cells release cytokines and chemokines that recruit inflammatory cells, which release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and initiate and regulate the inflammatory response. However, the role of ATP in bovine endometrial cells is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ATP on interleukin-8 (IL-8) release, intracellular calcium mobilization, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and the role of P2Y receptors, in bovine endometrial cells. Bovine endometrial (BEND) cells were incubated with ATP and the IL-8 release was determined by the ELISA assay. ATP of 50 and 100 μM significantly increased IL-8 released in BEND cells (50 μM: 23.16 ± 3.82 pg/mL, p = 0.0018; 100 μM: 30.14 ± 7.43 pg/mL, p = 0.0004). ATP (50 μM) also induced rapid intracellular calcium mobilization in Fura-2AM-loaded BEND cells, as well as ERK1/2 phosphorylation (ratio 1.1 ± 0.04, p = 0.0049). Suramin (50 μM), a pan-antagonist of P2Y receptors, partially reduced the intracellular calcium mobilization, ERK1/2 phosphorylation (ratio 0.83 ± 0.08, p = 0.045), and IL-8 release (9.67 ± 0.02 pg/mL, p = 0.014) induced by ATP. Finally, BEND cells expressed higher mRNA levels of P2Y1 and P2Y2 purinergic subtype receptors, and lower levels of P2Y11 and P2Y12 receptors, as determined by RT-qPCR. In conclusion, these results showed that ATP activates pro-inflammatory responses in BEND cells, which are partially mediated via P2Y receptors, and BEND cells express the mRNA of subtypes of P2Y receptors, which could have a key role in bovine endometrial inflammation.
The effect of Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health and physical activity in female university students

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: Mixed linear modelling results showed that there were large intervention effects on VO2max (p < 0.001, d = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.03 to 3.00 for relative VO2max; p < 0.001, d = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.68 for absolute VO2max), resting heart rate (p < 0.001, d = −1.82, 95% CI: −2.23 to −1.37), systolic BP (p < 0.001, d = −1.24, 95% CI: −1.63 to −0.84), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.001, d = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.83 to 2.77), total PA (p < 0.001, d = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.41); moderate effects on %BF (p < 0.001, d = -1.15, 95% CI: −1.53 to −0.75), FM (p < 0.001, d = −1.08, 95% CI: −1.46 to −0.69), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.001, d = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.42), total cholesterol (p = 0.001, d = −0.64, 95% CI: −1.00 to −0.26); small effects on BMI (p = 0.011, d = −0.48, 95% CI: −0.84 to 0.11), WC (p = 0.043, d = −0.37, 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.01), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.003, d = −0.57, 95% CI: −0.93 to −0.19), HOMA-IR (p = 0.026, d = −0.42, 95% CI: −0.78 to −0.05) and fasting insulin (p = 0.035, d = −0.40, 95% CI: −0.76 to −0.03). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001). Conclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA.
Asymptotic properties of fields and space-times

Abstract : A new technique for studying asymptotic questions in general relativity is presented. Points at infinity are introduced which constitute a null hypersurface boundary to space-time. This is studied from the point of view of its conformal structure and some new light is shed on the following questions: (1) asymptotic flatness, (2) gravitational radiation fields, (3) peeling off property of the Riemann tensor, (4) total energy-momentum with integral conservation laws, (5) characteristic initial value problem and (6) Bondi-Metzner-Sachs asymptotic symmetry group. (Author)
Anisotropic Critical State Theory: Role of Fabric

An Anisotropic Critical State Theory (ACST) for granular media is presented, which accounts for the role of anisotropic fabric at critical state. It enhances the requirements of critical values for the stress and void ratio of the classical Critical State Theory (CST) by an additional requirement of critical value for an appropriate measure of fabric-anisotropy. A fabric tensor and its evolution toward a critical value, norm-wise and direction-wise, is introduced motivated by micromechanical and experimental studies. On the basis of a scalar-valued fabric-anisotropy variable relating the evolving fabric tensor to the loading direction, a dilatancy state line is defined in the void ratio—pressure plane which determines a dilatancy state parameter ζ that characterizes the contracting or dilating trends of the current state. When the fabric-anisotropy variable reaches its critical state value, the dilatancy state line becomes identical to the critical state line and the ζ identical to the well-known state pa.
Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Immobilized Copper-Ion Affinity Membranes for Protein Adsorption

A polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based immobilized metal-ion affinity membrane (IMAM) was prepared with a high capacity for protein adsorption. PAN was selected as the substrate due to its excellent thermal and chemical stability. The cyano groups on the PAN membrane were substituted with carboxyl groups, followed by reactions with ethylenediamine (EDA) and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) to produce the terminal epoxy groups. The chelating agent iminodiacetic acid (IDA) was then bound to the modified PAN membrane and further chelated with copper ions. The immobilized copper ion amount of membrane was analyzed to obtain the optimal reaction conditions, which were 60 °C/3 h for EDA coupling and 60 °C/4 h for EGDGE grafting. Furthermore, under the use of minor IDA and copper ion concentrations, the immobilized copper ion capacity of the IMAM was 4.8 μmol/cm2 (253.4 µmol/mL, or 1.47 μmol/mg). At a neutral pH, the cationic lysozyme exhibited a large adsorption capacity with the IMAM (1.96 μmol/mL), which was most likely multilayer binding, whereas the adsorption capacity for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein (GFP-His6) was 0.053 μmol/mL and 0.135 μmol/mL, respectively, with a monolayer adsorption arrangement. The protein desorption efficiency was greater than 95%, implying that the prepared IMAM could be reused for protein adsorption.
Nonparametric Inference Based on Sampled Minima

A sampling plan that may find applications in economics, biomedical research, reliability and life testing consists of putting kn units on test in groups of k each and observing the minimum value of each group. Thus, the observations are sampled minima and they are to be used to do inference about the original distribution. In this investigation, we present properties of the empirical distribution and sample moments and show how these estimates can be used to do goodness of fit testing about the underlying distribution.
Light coupling and distribution for Si3N4/SiO2 integrated multichannel single-mode sensing system

We present an efficient and highly alignment-tolerant light coupling and distribution system for a multichannel Si3N4/SiO2 single-mode photonics sensing chip. The design of the input and output couplers and the distribution splitters is discussed. Examples of multichannel data obtained with the system are given.
Diffusion in the Stably Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Abstract The assumptions, techniques and methods of improving Gaussian plume modeling are briefly reviewed. Then the statistical theory for the diffusion of a substance S into a turbulent flow in homogeneous and inhomogeneous flows, and neutral and stably stratified flows is introduced. In stably stratified flows the mixing of the temperature and the substance S between fluid elements is of critical importance in determining the growth of a plume, so that the plume's depth is not in general determined by the displacements of fluid elements through the source, nor by the conventional Lagrangian statistics. But the plume depth, far downwind of the source, can be related to the local thermal diffusivity in the atmospheric boundary layer. The conditions are deduced under which this result can be used in stable conditions. The structure of turbulence in the stable boundary layer (SBL) is discussed. It is concluded that it is probably too variable to be characterized reliably by typical profiles of the turbulen.
Problematic Internet Use and Resilience: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Problematic Internet use has become a major problem worldwide due to its numerous negative correlates in the field of health, both mental and physical, and its increasing prevalence, making it necessary to study both its risk and protective factors. Several studies have found a negative relationship between resilience and problematic Internet use, although the results are inconsistent. This meta-analysis assesses the relationship between problematic Internet use and resilience, and analyses its possible moderating variables. A systematic search was conducted in PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus. A total of 93,859 subjects from 19 studies were included in the analyses. The results show that there is a statistically-significant negative relationship (r = −0.27 (95% CI [−0.32, −0.22])), without evidence of publication bias. This meta-analysis presents strong evidence of the relationship between the two variables. Limitations and practical implications are discussed.
Largest bipartite subgraphs in triangle-free graphs with maximum degree three

On presente un algorithme polynomial permettant de determiner un sous-graphe biparti d'un graphe G sans triangle ni boucle de degre maximum 3, contenant au moins 4/5 des aretes de G. On caracterise le dodecaedre et le graphe de Petersen comme les seuls graphes connexes 3-reguliers sans triangle ni boucle pour lesquels il n'existe pas de sous graphe biparti ayant un nombre d'aretes superieur a cette proportion
SOLUTION OF SOME TWO-DIMENSIONAL INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW PROBLEMS USING A CURVILINEAR COORDINATE SYSTEM BASED CALCULATION PROCEDURE

The capabilities of a new curvilinear coordinate-based calculation procedure for incompressible flows are demonstrated by its application to a variety of test problems. The results are compared with the results of independent numerical and experimental studies available in the literature. These comparisons indicate that the proposed scheme can be successfully used to predict fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena in complex configurations.
Markov Noise in Atomic Spin Gyroscopes: Analysis and Suppression Based on Allan Deviation

Atomic spin gyroscopes (ASGs) based on spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) comagnetometer have ultrahigh rotation sensitivity and low gyro drift. However, the noise characteristics of ASGs have not been comprehensively studied. In this article, the primary noise in ASGs, which weakens the gyro’s long-term stability, is analyzed and identified with Allan deviation. We discovered, for the first time, that the slow convergence rate of the spin-coupled ensemble brings a long correlation time of the gyro output, and the Markov noise introduced by this effect is the primary noise that impacts the long-term stability of ASGs. Allan deviation is used to assess the characteristics of Markov noise and its impact on long-term stability. The correlation time is adjusted by changing the pumping power density to suppress the Markov noise. Comparing the Allan deviations under different correlation time, it is concluded that the Markov noise caused by long correlation time restricts the improvement of the long-term stability of ASGs. Moreover, Markov noise at low frequencies is suppressed by increasing the pumped optical power density, enhancing the rotation sensitivity of ASGs. A relatively low gyro drift $5.76\times 10 ^{-3}{}^{\circ} $ /h@100 s is acquired after the suppression of the Markov noise. Different from the traditional amplitude-frequency response analysis, this article focuses on the time correlation of noise, which provides a new idea for the investigation of ASG’s noise characteristics.
Gut Microbiota, LADA, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evolving Relationship

There is much evidence confirming the crucial role played by the gut microbiota in modulating the immune system in the onset of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we focus on the relationship between alterations in the microbiome and the onset of diabetes mellitus type 1 and LADA, in light of the latest evidence. We will then look at both how the role of the gut microbiota appears to be increasingly crucial in the pathogenesis of these disorders and how this aspect may be instrumental in the development of new potential therapeutic strategies that modulate the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
Observational Upper Limits to Low-Degree Solar g-Modes

Observations made by the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) and Variability of solar IRradiance and Gravity Oscillations (VIRGO) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and by the ground-based Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON) and Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG) have been used in a concerted effort to search for solar gravity oscillations. All spectra are dominated by solar noise in the frequency region from 100 to 1000 μHz, where g-modes are expected to be found. Several methods have been used in an effort to extract any g-mode signal present. These include (1) the correlation of data—both full-disk and imaged (with different spatial-mask properties)—collected over different time intervals from the same instrument, (2) the correlation of near-contemporaneous data from different instruments, and (3) the extraction—through the application of complex filtering techniques—of the coherent part of data collected at different heights in the solar atmosphere. The detection limit is set by the loss of coherence caused by the temporal evolution and the motion (e.g., rotation) of superficial structures. Although we cannot identify any g-mode signature, we have nevertheless set a firm upper limit to the amplitudes of the modes: at 200 μHz, they are below 10 mm s-1 in velocity, and below 0.5 parts per million in intensity. The velocity limit corresponds very approximately to a peak-to-peak vertical displacement of δR/R☉ = 2.3 × 10-8 at the solar surface. These levels which are much lower than prior claims, are consistent with theoretical predictions.
“It’s Your Finsta at the End of the Day . . . Kind of”: Understanding Emerging Adults’ Self-Presentational Changes on Secondary Accounts

This study explores emerging adults’ reflections about how their secondary Instagram account (“Finsta” or Fake Instagram) self-presentation evolved over time, from account creation to their present use. Drawing on interview data collected from female emerging adults (N = 17) who had at least one Finsta and one Rinsta (i.e., Real Instagram), we use Emerging Adulthood as a frame for understanding how their content-sharing practices changed, reflecting their own development from adolescence to adulthood. Our participants described how their Instagram content-sharing behaviors evolved, reflecting their desire to be seen as more mature, especially in regard to managing negative self-presentational content. Furthermore, some participants described the difficulties introduced by context collapse associated with presenting to two distinct networks, both high school and college followers. Finally, and reflecting contemporary developments, we document how the “Making Rinsta Casual Again” trend and the COVID-19 pandemic influence users’ self-presentational behaviors on image-based social media platforms like Instagram.
Growth of multiparticle aggregates in sedimenting suspensions

Abstract The process of multiparticle aggregation in a dilute sedimenting suspension is rigorously simulated, with precise hydrodynamical interactions. The primary particles are monodisperse non-Brownian spheres at zero Reynolds number, with short-range molecular attractions. The rigid aggregates grow, as they settle downwards, by sequential particle addition – a valid assumption for dilute suspensions during the initial stages. The growth starts from doublet–particle interaction, but the indeterminate initial doublet concentration does not affect the results for cluster geometry and settling velocity. A new particle is generated far below a cluster with uniform probability density, and many trial particle–cluster relative trajectories are computed with high accuracy until a collision is found. The new cluster is then assumed to be rigid and allowed to reach a steady sedimentation regime (which is a spiral motion around the axis of steady rotation, ASR) before another particle is added, and so on. The ASR is typically far away from the cluster centre of mass. The Stokes flow solution algorithm for particle–cluster interaction works very efficiently with high-order multipoles (to order 100) and is extended to arbitrarily small particle–cluster separations by a geometry perturbation adapted from the conductivity simulations of Zinchenko (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 1998, vol. 356, pp. 2953–2998). Clusters are generated to $N=100$ spheres, with extensive averaging over many growth realizations. The fractal scaling $\sim N^{0.48}$ for the cluster settling speed is quickly attained once $N\geq 25$ , and the exponent 0.48 is practically independent of the strength of molecular forces. The cluster fractal dimension is predicted to be $d_f=1.91\pm 0.02$ (in contrast to the existing views that sequential addition can only produce high- $d_f$ clusters). Several average characteristics of the cluster size are also computed. The theoretical settling speed has no adjustable parameters and agrees reasonably well with prior experiments for a moderately polydisperse system in a broad range of cluster sizes.
“My [Search Strategies] Keep Missing You”: A Scoping Review to Map Child-to-Parent Violence in Childhood Aggression Literature

Child-to-parent violence is often referred to as one of the most ‘under-researched’ forms of family violence. However, it is closely associated with one of the most widely researched areas of research globally: childhood aggression. How child-instigated aggression can harm parents is widely referred to, but different framings, definitions, and conceptualisations are used which creates problems when attempting to identify the broader literature which may be relevant to child-to-parent violence researchers. Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, 55 papers were reviewed from EBSCO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science to explore how location, field of the researcher, and terminology can impact how researchers conceptualise and frame this form of harm. Results: Three themes were identified (1) child-to-parent violence is a behavioural indicator of childhood distress or developmental needs, (2) children are ‘perpetrators’ of deviant behaviour, and (3) the parents are ‘victims’ of child-to-parent violence. Conclusions: Children and parents are both harmed by child-to-parent violence. It is important that future researchers and practitioners recognise the bi-directionality of the parent-child relationship, and not be complicit in hiding the harms caused by child-to-parent violence by subsuming it under the broader childhood aggression literature.
Computational Study of High-Lift Low-Pressure Turbine Cascade Aerodynamics at Low Reynolds Number

This study uses a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes finite volume flow solver to simulate the flowfields around a two-dimensional linear turbine cascade model at a Reynolds number of 25,000. Three blade profiles have been simulated, including the aft-loaded Pack B, which has a nominal Zweifel loading coefficient Zw equal to 1.15, the midloaded L1M (Zw=1.33), and the front-loaded L2F (Zw=1.59). All three blade profiles are known to be susceptible to varying degrees of laminar flow separation along the suction surface. Turbulence models used, which to the authors’ knowledge have been applied for the first time here, are the Abe–Kondoh–Nagano linear low-Re k-e as well as the Kato–Launder modification. Time-accurate simulations, including fully laminar computations, are compared with experimental data and higher-order computations to judge the accuracy of the results, where it is shown that Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations with appropriate turbulence modeling can produce both quantitatively and quali.