Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Importance of spin‐orbit coupling on photovoltaic properties of Pb‐free vacancy ordered double perovskites halides X2TeY6 (X = Cs, Rb, and Y = I, Br, Cl): First‐principles calculations

In this paper, the crystal structures, thermodynamic stability, electronic densities of states, band structures, and optical properties of the nontoxic Pb‐free vacancy ordered double perovskites halides X2TeY6 (X = Cs, Rb, and Y = I, Br, Cl) were investigated using first‐principles calculations. It was found that at Γ point, the conduction band splits into two bands upon inclusion of spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) interaction for X2TeY6 compound. Besides, the highest occupied molecular orbital is unchanged for all studied compounds except that of X2TeI6, which is shifted from W to X point. Our findings appear to be well supported by the experimental data (Annalise E. Maughan et al., J Am Chem Soc. 2016;138:8453‐8464). This shows a contradiction with the theoretical work found by Malak Azmat Ali et al., Int. J. Energy Res. 2020;45:8448‐8455. Hence, the inclusion of SOC is crucial for the correct characterization of the electronic properties of the X2TeY6 compound. Otherwise, the absorption coefficients shift to the visible region by the substitution of Cl by Br and I ions. Thus, the excellent absorption coefficients percentages of Cs2TeI6 (62%‐75%) and Rb2TeI6 (57%‐76%) along the visible region, their suitable forbidden bands (1.422 eV for Cs2TeI6, and 1.469 eV for Rb2TeI6) and their high stabilities make both Cs2TeI6 and Rb2TeI6 as new potential candidates' compounds for single‐junction solar cells.
Fecal Loading at Caecum as a New Radiological Sign for Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis

Background The present study aimed to address the importance of a new radiological sign - the presence of fecal loading at the caecum - for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from January 2020 to June 2020. Patients who presented in the emergency with acute pain at the right iliac fossa fulfilling the criteria of acute appendicitis (AA) according to the Alvarado scoring system, and were planned for appendectomy were included. Before surgery plain abdominal radiographs were taken in anteroposterior view in the supine position and were evaluated for the presence of fecal loading at the caecum. After that all patients underwent surgery and radiologic findings were correlated with histopathologic findings. Results The mean age of patients was 32.19±7.34 years. There were 83 (55.3%) male and 67 (44.7%) female patients. Out of 150, there were 144 (96.0%) patients in whom fecal loading in the caecum was diagnosed on plain radiographs. On histopathology reporting, acute appendicitis was diagnosed in 143 (95.3%) patients. Regarding accuracy, fecal loading at the caecum was found to have a sensitivity of 98.6%, specificity of 83.3%, a positive predictive value of 99.3%, and a negative predictive value of 71.4%. Conclusion According to the results of the present study and existing literature, we suggest using fecal loading at the caecum along with a clinical scoring system for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. As per our findings, fecal loading at the caecum is a valuable sign on plain abdominal radiograph for the diagnosis of AA. It has a sensitivity of 98.6% and a specificity of 83.3%. This sign typically becomes undetectable after an appendectomy. It will help to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of acute appendicitis, and hence will reduce the chances of negative appendectomy.
The Effect of Overnight Consolidation on English Vowel Perception by Chinese Learners After High Speaker Variability Phonetic Training

Chinese students face challenges to perceive English tense-lax vowel contrasts /i/-/I/ and /α/-/ /^/. Although high variability phonetic training (HVPT) can benefit non-native vowel perception in a long term, it is unclear whether it can help Chinese students perceive these vowels in a short term. Furthermore, it is suggested sleep can benefit non-native consonants perception, while whether it is also effective in non-native vowel perception remains unclear. To answer this question, we invited 24 Chinese students as participants. Thirty English vowel pairs were recorded by 10 native speakers as stimuli. A pretest-training-posttest paradigm was adopted. Listeners were trained either in the morning (Day group) or evening (Night group) with the identification task. They were tested pre-training and post-training (0h, 12hs, and 24hs after training) with identification and discrimination tasks. The results show that HVPT was effective for most vowels, while overnight consolidation effect was not found and potential reasons were discussed.
On the analysis of discrete data finding dependencies in small sample sizes

: An analysis of survey data is a fundamental part of research concerning various aspects of human behavior. Such survey data are often discrete, and the size of the collected sample is regularly insufficient for the most potent modelling tools such as logistic regression, clustering, and other data mining techniques. In this paper, we take a closer look at the results of the stated preference survey analyzing how inhabitants of cities in Thailand, Poland, and Czechia understand and perceive “smartness” of a city. An international survey was conducted, where respondents were asked 15 questions. Since the most common data modelling tools failed to provide a useful insight into the relationship between variables, so-called lambda coefficient was used and its usefulness for such challenging data was verified. It uses the principle of conditional probability and proves to be truly useful even in data sets with relatively small sample size.
Students’ Mathematics Achievements: A Comparison between Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic represented a shift from face-to-face to online and distance learning. Teaching methods and assessing strategies changed, as well as grading standards. The focus of this paper is to address the differences between pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic mathematics grades and, in particular, to investigate the possible differences between mid-term and end-term grades in Italy. To this end, 231 Italian middle and high school students’ grades were analysed. Using the Wilcoxon rank test (a non-parametric statistical test) the results showed a statistically significant difference in pre- and post-COVID-19 quarantine grades. End-of-year grades were higher than those before the COVID-19 confinement. Furthermore, the results indicated that more than half of the students in the sample achieved a higher grade at the end of the school year. Gender differences in mathematics grades were examined, since the literature about gender gap in mathematics achievement is not coherent about whether boys outperform girls or vice versa. Statistically significant differences at the end of the first semester were reported, in favour of female students although gender differences were not detected at the end of the school year. The findings suggest that greater caution should be paid in interpreting students’ grades pre- and post-COVID-19 confinement, since it cannot be excluded that such students’ achievements are inflated. Excessively high students’ grades that do not represent their actual knowledge and competencies could give educators and legislators misleading and even false information about the quality of distance learning and students’ knowledge.
The Relationship Between Candidates Teachers’ 21st Century Skills and Their Emotional Intelligence Levels

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between 21st century skills and emotional intelligence of teacher candidates. In addition, it was investigated whether teacher candidates’ levels of 21st century skills and emotional intelligence differ significantly according to various variables. This research, which was designed according to the relational screening model, was conducted with 312 teacher candidates studying at Inonu University Faculty of Education. “Multidimensional 21st Century Skills Scale” and “Emotional Intelligence Scale” were used to collect data in the study. Descriptive statistics, difference analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. As a result of the analysis of the research data, it was found that teacher candidates’ 21st century skills and emotional intelligence are at a high level, that the emotional intelligence and 21st century skill levels of teacher candidates do not differ significantly according to gender, but those who have medium and high overall academic success are 21st. century skills and emotional intelligence levels were found to be high and significantly different. In addition, in the study, it was found that there was a significant, medium, positive relationship between 21st century skills and emotional intelligence of teacher candidates, It was concluded that the level of predicting 21st century skills of emotional intelligence is statistically significant. In the process of preparing students for the future, suggestions were made for the development of 21st century skills and emotional intelligence.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in older patients: outcomes and risks of mortality

Introduction: outcomes, we examined characteristics of aged and older with COVID-19. Material and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that included all patients aged 65 years and older with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, who centre between 15 March and 13 May 2020, and discharged. Results: Of 196 patients, the median age was 76 years, with 57% male, and 66% white. A greater proportion of “older” (77–105 years) compared to “old” (65–76 years) patients were admitted with a primary diagnosis other than COVID-19 (34% vs. 15%), were afebrile (80% vs. 67%), and had a clear initial chest X-ray (19% vs. 8%). Older patients had a higher prevalence of dementia (26% vs. 1.0%), cardiac (42% vs. 28%), and vascular disease (20% vs. 9%). Overall survival was lower among older compared to old patients (55% vs. 74%, p = 0.026) and when mechanical ventilation (20% vs. 46%, p = 0.29) or vasopressors (15% vs. 41%, p = 0.46) were required (20% vs. 46%, p = 0.029) and when new hepatic dysfunction (24% vs. 65%, p < 0.001) or new renal failure (29% vs. 56%, p = 0.015) developed. Factors at presentation that were associated with significantly lower survival included hypoxaemia, elevation of total white blood cell count, procalcitonin, and d-dimer. Conclusions: Overall mortality was 34%. Survival was 2- to 3-fold higher for those aged 65–76 years compared to those aged 77 years and older who required advanced therapies such as mechanical ventilation. Improving clinical parameters were associated with significantly higher survival, regardless of age.
Preservation of Quercus Robur and Quercus Petraea Genetic Resources through In Vitro Culture

In this paper, the effect of various factors (clone, initial explant, sterilization method, and culture medium) on the in vitro multiplication of pedunculate and sessile oak species was tested. No influence of clone was found and a 44-83% survival rate was found for different types of explants, the best result being that of using mature acorns germinated in vitro. The most efficient sterilization method was: mercuric chloride 0.2 mg/l, ascorbic acid 1 mg/l, for 30 min., with or without antibiotic. The best results were obtained with GD medium complemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IBA, which allowed obtaining of a high rooting percentage. The regenerated plants were transferred in vivo, in a climate controlled greenhouse.
Penanaman Karakter Gemar Membaca Melalui Kegiatan Literasi Sekolah pada Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar

Masalah Pendidikan mengenai kurangnya gemar membaca sangat memprihatinkan. Sampai saat ini belum bisa membaca, keadaan ini membawa pengaruh yang buruk terhadap kemajuan dan kesejahteraan bangsa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis penanaman karakter gemar membaca pada siswa melalui kegiatan literasi sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis data statistik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru sudah baik dalam menanamkan karakter gemar membaca pada siswa melalui kegiatan literasi sekolah, semua itu dapat dilihat dari cara siswa mengikuti pembelajaran di kelas dan juga pernyataan yang Ibu Aat lontarkan kepada peneliti. Dalam penanamannya, pada kegiatan membaca di kelas berpengaruh/berdampak baik terhadap siswa. Berdasarkan pengamatan, siswa mampu membiasakan kegiatan membaca baik di sekolah maupun diluar sekolah setelah diterapkannya kegiatan literasi di kelas yang dilakukan setiap hari Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu dapat memberikan pemahaman mengenai penanaman nilai karakter gemar membaca, sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pencapaian prestasi siswa dan sekolah.
Comparing Employer Attractiveness of Public Sector Organizations to Nonprofit and Private Sector Organizations: An Experimental Study in Germany and the U.S.

Sector preferences in job choice have rarely been tested empirically across different administrative systems. We address this gap and apply a between-subject experimental design to examine the attractiveness of public, private, and nonprofit employers in two countries in different administrative traditions. Respondents (n = 362) from an Anglo-Saxon (i.e., the U.S.) and continental European country (i.e., Germany) were exposed to job advertisements that only differed in the employer’s sector affiliation, with other job attributes, such as payment and working hours, held constant. Contrary to expectations, and consistently across the two country samples, respondents evaluated public sector jobs more positively compared to vacancies in the private sector. In contrast, we found no such comparative advantage of public over nonprofit employers. By providing counterevidence to the prevalence of negative attitudes toward public organizations, our study warns against overgeneralizing previous findings on negativity biases to the context of employer attractiveness.
The Effect Of Ownership Structure On The Performance Of Intellectual Capital

This study aims to show empirical evidence of the effect of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and government ownership on intellectual capital performance as the dependent variable. This study relates the influence between these variables by expanding the concept and understanding of Resource-Based Theory, Agency Theory and Stakeholder Theory. The sample in this study is the mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2019 using purposive sampling technique, namely selecting samples with certain criteria to get more valid results. The data analysis technique used is the classical assumption test, then the results are analyzed using multiple regression analysis to prove the influence between variables by utilizing an accurate SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that institutional ownership and foreign ownership have a positive effect on intellectual capital performance in mining companies, while managerial ownership and government ownership do not show any effect on intellectual capital performance in mining companies in Indonesia. This research contributes to the theory and practice of companies in the conduct of business. However, this study has not been able to prove the influence of managerial and government ownership on intellectual capital performance, so that further research can consider other corporate sectors whose managerial and government ownership is quite dominant.
Correlates of Perceived Military-to-Civilian Transition Challenges by Medical Release: An Analysis of the Canadian Armed Forces Transition and Well-Being Survey

Abstract The transition from military-to-civilian life may be difficult for military members, but early or unplanned release can be especially stressful, and may be associated with different challenges from those who planned their release. This study examined transition challenges, and identified whether associated factors differed by release type. The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Transition and Well-being Survey surveyed 1,414 recently released CAF Veterans (86% male; 52% 30‒49 years old; 58% Noncommissioned Members; 51% 20+ years of service; 58% Army) using a stratified random sample. Respondents indicated how challenging they perceived ten items related to the military-to-civilian transition (e.g., financial preparedness). They also were asked about their current health, release type (i.e., medical or non-medical release), demographic, and military characteristics. Results revealed that being female, releasing mid-career, having poorer health, and having fewer social provisions may place all Veterans at higher risk for transition challenges. However, certain correlates, such as age, rank, or education level, may be differentially associated with challenging transitions depending on whether Veterans released for medical or for other reasons. Identifying patterns of correlates for perceived challenges can provide insight into how to best support CAF members who are releasing for varying reasons – whether medically, or other circumstances.
In silico Cell Therapy Model Restores Failing Human Myocyte Electrophysiology and Calcium Cycling in Fibrotic Myocardium

Myocardial delivery of human c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells (hCICs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), an emerging approach for treating the failing heart, has been limited by an incomplete understanding of the effects on host myocardium. This computational study aims to model hCIC and hMSC effects on electrophysiology and calcium cycling of healthy and diseased human cardiomyocytes (hCM), and reveals a possible cardiotherapeutic benefit independent of putative regeneration processes. First, we developed an original hCIC mathematical model with an electrical profile comprised of distinct experimentally identified ion currents. Next, we verified the model by confirming it is representative of published experiments on hCIC whole-cell electrophysiology and on hCIC co-cultures with rodent cardiomyocytes. We then used our model to compare electrophysiological effects of hCICs to other non-excitable cells, as well as clinically relevant hCIC-hMSC combination therapies and fused hCIC-hMSC CardioChimeras. Simulation of direct coupling of hCICs to healthy or failing hCMs through gap junctions led to greater increases in calcium cycling with lesser reductions in action potential duration (APD) compared with hMSCs. Combined coupling of hCICs and hMSCs to healthy or diseased hCMs led to intermediate effects on electrophysiology and calcium cycling compared to individually coupled hCICs or hMSCs. Fused hCIC-hMSC CardioChimeras decreased healthy and diseased hCM APD and calcium transient amplitude compared to individual or combined cell treatments. Finally, to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing cell-based therapies, we randomized populations of 2,500 models incorporating variable hMSC and hCIC interventions and simulated their effects on restoring diseased cardiomyocyte electrophysiology and calcium handling. The permutation simulation predicted the ability to correct abnormal properties of heart failure hCMs in fibrotic, but not non-fibrotic, myocardium. This permutation experiment also predicted paracrine signaling to be a necessary and sufficient mechanism for this correction, counteracting the fibrotic effects while also restoring arrhythmia-related metrics such as upstroke velocity and resting membrane potential. Altogether, our in silico findings suggest anti-fibrotic effects of paracrine signaling are critical to abrogating pathological cardiomyocyte electrophysiology and calcium cycling in fibrotic heart failure, and support further investigation of delivering an optimized cellular secretome as a potential strategy for improving heart failure therapy.
Bonds Between Earnings Management and Corporate Financial Stability in the Context of the Competitive Ability of Enterprises

The financial health of enterprises and their continued profitability and competitiveness in the market are influenced considerably by the level of earnings achieved. Enterprises are forced to report the best possible results to demonstrate financial strength and competitiveness and to provide a good accounting for investors and creditors. Thus, the main objective of the study is to investigate whether there is any mutual dependence between corporate financial stability and earnings management. To measure these categories, Altman’s Z score was used to determine the financial health of enterprises, and the Beneish M-score and modified Jones model were applied to detect earnings manipulation. Using the chi-square test, the results revealed a statistically significant dependence between financial distress and earnings manipulation. Then, a multivariate statistical technique of correspondence analysis was applied to the categorical data to find categories of factors that are mutually correspondent. Based on a dataset of 11,105 enterprises operating in the Visegrad countries, the results found that enterprises that are threatened by bankruptcy or located in the gray zone tend to manipulate their earnings to maintain credibility, creditworthiness, and competitiveness. Because the financial health of an enterprise provides a potential incentive for earnings manipulation, state authorities, regulators, and policy-makers may benefit from the findings of the study.
Teaching applications of Mathematics in other disciplines: teachers' opinion and practice

"Abstract. One of the main topics of mathematics education nowadays is teaching applications of mathematics in various fields, which lead in the recent decades to the development of the STEM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), connecting these disciplines using transdisciplinary or interdisciplinary approaches. Applications of mathematics has become important not only from academic point of view, as helping students to understand mathematics, to apply mathematical knowledge in various contexts, and to show the utility of mathematics, but also because mathematics is an integral part of our daily lives. Teachers have an important role in this approach, so it is important to study their attitude towards teaching applications of mathematics and their experience. The research was conducted in 2021 in Israel. The participants are 221 mathematics teachers from post primary schools. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed for this study based on the scientific literature and aimed to find out teachers’ opinion about teaching applications of mathematics and their practice in integrating applications in their teaching. The questionnaire contains both closed and open questions. The responses were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results of the study show that 42.5% of teachers in Israel are teaching applications of mathematics. Analyzing the answers given by those teachers, who teach applications of mathematics, 47% are teaching applications in physics, 47.5% integrate them in their lessons few times a semester, and 52.1% of them teaching applications through presenting it to the students. In the participants’ opinion, the most important benefits of teaching applications of mathematics are arising students' interest for mathematics (44.3%) and motivating students for learning mathematics (34.8%). The most important obstacles of teaching applications of mathematics are time-constrains (30.8%) and lack of teachers’ skills to teaching mathematical applications in other disciplines (24.6%). "