Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outback vibes: sound systems on the road to legitimacy1

On Australia Day 1988, the Chairman of the Northern Land Council, Galarrwuy Yunupigu, announced that ‘Australia’s too old to celebrate birthdays’. In the subsequent decade, mounting sympathy for such views revealed the population’s anxiety with a nationhood founded on the ‘beautiful lies’ about which noted paleontologist Tim Flannery has made ample public comment. In a recent essay, Flannery articulated that the ‘founding’ and most far-reaching deceit—the doctrine of terra nullius—is ‘central to the dilemma we [Australians] face in defining ourselves as a people’. While the Howard Government wound back advances in the cause of Indigenous justice, and, in conjunction with state governments, continued to destroy natural heritage underwritten by what Flannery sees as the keynote delusions circulating since settlement, other movements rallying to Indigenous rights and ecological causes would seek popular redress. The 1990s saw an increase in local community reaction to the ecological impact of corporate and state controlled ‘developments’. In response to Prime Minister Howard’s obstinacy, the decade also witnessed the rise of a mass movement of ‘sorry people’ engaged in the performance of a ‘proliferation of apologies’ made to Indigenous Australians. It was the ‘decade of reconciliation’. In one mode of redress, citizens launched headlong into Landcare campaigns or went about ‘decolonising backyards’ through planting native species. In another, they sought to reconcile with Indigenous Australians. From the ‘symbolic substitution’ of Aboriginality for the monarchy in the mid-decade Republican excitement, to the Corroboree 2000 reconciliation marches and the routine practice of calling on Aborigines to ceremonially authorise the opening of public facilities and sporting events (including, notably, the Sydney 2000 Olympics Opening Ceremony), a multitude of public performances would signify a continuum of practice: from acknowledgement of traditional authority and recognition of past and present injustice to routinised tokenism. According to Hodge and Mishra, an obsession with establishing and maintaining legitimacy is symptomatic of an ‘acute anxiety’ in the Australian national psyche. By the turn of the millennium, as Aborigines were becoming indispensable to constructions of legitimacy and expressions of belonging, the ultimate concern of post-settler legitimacy seemed to be scripting a range of events. While the Olympic metaspectacle may have constituted a self-redeeming ‘resurrection’ of the other—a vicarious reconciliation—it also dramatised the special role of Indigenous peoples in the continent’s heritage. But while 2000 saw such popular revisionary undertakings in the nation’s ‘centres’ (its cities on the ‘edge’ of the continent), Postcolonial Studies, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 321–336, 2005
Counting self-dual interval orders Vít Jelínek

In this paper, we first derive an explicit formula for the generating function that counts unlabeled interval orders (a.k.a. (2+ 2)-free posets) with respect to several natural statistics, including their size, magnitude, and the number of minimal and maximal elements. In the second part of the paper, we derive a generating function for the number of self-dual unlabeled interval orders, with respect to the same statistics. Our method is based on a bijective correspondence between interval orders and upper-triangular matrices in which each row and column has a positive entry. Résumé. Dans cet article, on obtient une expression explicite pour la fonction génératrice du nombre des ensembles partiellement ordonnés (posets) qui évitent le motif (2+ 2). La fonction compte ces ensembles par rapport à plusieurs statistiques naturelles, incluant le nombre d’éléments, le nombre de niveaux, et le nombre d’éléments minimaux et maximaux. Dans la deuxième partie, on obtient une expression similaire pour la fonction génératrice des posets autoduaux évitant le motif (2+ 2). On obtient ces résultats à l’aide d’une bijection entre les posets évitant (2+ 2) et les matrices triangulaires supérieures dont chaque ligne et chaque colonne contient un élément positif.
Market Design and Walrasian Equilibrium†

We establish the existence of Walrasian equilibrium for economies with many discrete goods and possibly one divisible good. Our goal is not only to study Walrasian equilibria in new settings but also to facilitate the use of market mechanisms in resource allocation problems such as school choice or course selection. We consider all economies with quasilinear gross substitutes preferences but allow agents to have limited quantities of the divisible good (limited transfers economies). We also consider economies without a divisible good (nontransferable utility economies). We show the existence and efficiency of Walrasian equilibrium in limited transfers economies and the existence and efficiency of strong (Walrasian) equilibrium in nontransferable utility economies. Finally, we show that various constraints on minimum and maximum levels of consumption and aggregate constraints of the kind that are relevant for school choice/course selection problems can be accommodated by either incorporating these constraints into individual preferences or by incorporating a suitable production technology into nontransferable utility economies. † This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation.
Macroeconomic Factors and Equity Premium Predictability 1

Neely et al. (2014) have recently demonstrated how to efficiently combine information from a set of popular technical indicators together with the standard Goyal andWelch (2008) predictor variables widely used in the equity premium forecasting literature to improve outofsample forecasts of the equity premium using a small number of principal components. We show that forecasts of the equity premium can be further improved by, first, incorporating broader macroeconomic data into the information set, second, improving the selection of the most relevant factors and combining the most relevant factors by means of a forecast combination regression, and third, imposing theoretically motivated positivity constraints on the forecasts of the equity premium. Applying standard out-of-sample forecast evaluation tests, we find that in particular our proposed forecast combination approach, which combines forecasts of the most relevant Neely et al. (2014) and macroeconomic factors and further imposes positivity constraints on the equity premium forecasts, generates statistically significant and economically sizable improvements over the best performing model of Neely et al. (2014). Out-of-sample R values can be as high as 1.75%, with (annualised) gains in certainty equivalent returns of up to 3.35%, relative to the ALL factors forecasts of Neely et al. (2014).
Trust, Beliefs and Cooperation: An Experiment

We use a two-phase experimental design to study how systematically manipulated beliefs about trust and trustworthiness can promote or deter cooperation. We use decisions in an initially played trust game to create five environments that differ in the information subjects have about the relative trust/trustworthiness of fellow group members when they make a voluntary contribution decision in our experiment’s second phase. We find that perceived high trusting environments are treated equivalently to ones of perceived high trustworthiness, with both positively affecting subjects’ first-order beliefs about the cooperativeness of group-mates, and in consequence, leading to higher contributions. Our results thus suggest that people cooperate more and hence produce more together in an environment of high trust/trustworthiness, indicating one channel through which trust helps to grow the economic pie. * The authors are, respectively, post-doctoral scholar, California Institute of Technology; professor of economics, Brown University; and Ph.D. candidate in economics, Brown University. We are grateful to Brown University for providing funding for this experiment. We thank Pedro Dal Bo, Geoffroy de Clippel, Xu Zhang, and other participants in the theory workshop at Brown University for helpful comments and suggestions.
Coordination and the Relative Cost of Distinguishing Nearby States

We study a coordination game where players simultaneously acquire information prior to the play of the game. We allow general information acquisition technologies, modeled by a cost functional mapping from information structures. Costly local distinguishability is a property requiring that the cost of distinguishing nearby states is hard relative to distinguishing distant states. This property is not important in decision problems, but is crucial in determining equilibrium outcomes in games. If it holds, there is a unique equilibrium; if it fails, there are multiple equilibria close to those that would exist if there was complete information. We study these issues in the context of a regime change game with a continuum of players. We also provide a common belief foundation for equilibria of this game. This allows us to distinguish cases where the players could (physically) acquire information giving rise to multiple equilibria, but choose not to, and situations where players could not physically have acquired information in a way consistent with multiple equilibria. Our analysis corresponds to the former case, while the choosing precision of additive noise corresponds to the latter case.
The Mind in Fragments: The Neuroscientific, Developmental, and Traumatic Roots of Dissociation and Their Implications for Clinical Practice

In this article, I highlight the life-long impact of early relational trauma on a person's psychological and emotional development and its role in creating dissociation. I discuss the differing views in the psychotherapy world over the relative importance of dissociation and repression and explore the historical roots of these differing views in the fundamentally different models of the mind offered by Freud and Jung. I describe the neuroscientific basis for dissociation. I give an account of some clinical work with a dissociative patient and discuss the modifications to psychoanalytic technique that are necessary when working with severely dissociative patients.
Optimal Inflation Weights in the Euro Area

This study investigates the appropriate measure of inflation in the euro area that the central bank should adopt in order to minimize social welfare losses stemming from volatility in the output gap, inflation and relative prices. We use a model that accounts for both the heterogeneity observed in the degree of price rigidity across regions and sectors, and the asymmetry of real disturbances in relative prices. Our work shows that the optimal weights to assign to each region or economic sector depend on complex interactions between the degree of price stickiness, a country’s economic size and the distribution of shocks across regions. Moreover, the optimal system of weights is primarily affected by the distribution of real shocks across countries. It follows that there is no simple rule of thumb for establishing the optimal weights for each region or economic sector.
Demand Disagreement

There is a weak correlation between economic fundamentals and asset returns and disagreement about future asset prices is not spanned by disagreement about economic fundamentals. Both facts are inconsistent with leading asset pricing models. To address these puzzles, we develop an overlapping generations model with disagreement about the cross-sectional distribution of investors’ preferences and beliefs. This disagreement implies different beliefs about future asset demand even if economic fundamentals are known. Demand disagreement leads to a low correlation between asset returns and economic fundamentals (no “correlation puzzle“) and disagreement about returns that is not spanned by beliefs about economic fundamentals (no “disagreement correlation puzzle“). Demand disagreement explains important asset pricing facts such as excess stock market volatility, low means and volatilities of interest rates, valuation ratios predicting returns, Black’s leverage effect, and high trading volume unrelated to economic fundamentals, even in a setting with i.i. d. consumption growth and without hedging demands, recursive preferences, habit formation, or disaster risk.
Relative Prym varieties associated to the double cover of an Enriques surface

Given an Enriques surface $T$, its universal K3 cover $f: S\to T$, and a genus $g$ linear system $|C|$ on $T$, we construct the relative Prym variety $P_H=\Prym_{v, H}(\D/\CC)$, where $\CC\to |C|$ and $\D\to |f^*C|$ are the universal families, $v$ is the Mukai vector $(0,[D], 2-2g)$ and $H$ is a polarization on $S$. The relative Prym variety is a $(2g-2)$-dimensional possibly singular variety, whose smooth locus is endowed with a hyperk\"ahler structure. This variety is constructed as the closure of the fixed locus of a symplectic birational involution defined on the moduli space $M_{v,H}(S)$. There is a natural Lagrangian fibration $\eta: P_H \to |C|$, that makes the regular locus of $P_H$ into an integrable system whose general fiber is a $(g-1)$-dimensional (principally polarized) Prym variety, which in most cases is not the Jacobian of a curve. We prove that if $|C|$ is a hyperelliptic linear system, then $P_H$ admits a symplectic resolution which is birational to a hyperk\"ahler manifold of K3$^{[g-1]}$-type, while if $|C|$ is not hyperelliptic, then $P_H$ admits no symplectic resolution. We also prove that any resolution of $P_H$ is simply connected and, when $g$ is odd, any resolution of $P_H$ has $h^{2,0}$-Hodge number equal to one.
The Effect of Public Investment in Europe: A Model-Based Assessment

We consider the effect of an increase in public investments on output in Europe against the background of a sharp drop of public investments in a number of EU countries during the crisis and subsequent policy discussions on the need to stimulate public investments. We start with a brief overview of recent developments in public investments, including some methodological issues, and provide a literature overview of the effect of public investments on growth. On the basis of updated estimates of the public capital stock, we estimate the output response to a public capital impulse, using VAR models. In addition, using a structural model, we investigate the sensitivity of the macroeconomic impact of an increase in public investments to alternative assumptions about economic structures and policy implementations. JEL Classification: E32, E62, C30
Alternative Configurations of Conservation Reserves for Paraguayan Bats: Considerations of Spatial Scale

Abstract: The application of systematic and quantitative approaches to conservation planning is increasing, but the quality and quantity of data available to planners remains inadequate. We used two databases on bat species distributions at 25 sites in Paraguay to illustrate some of the effects of the spatial scale of sampling and data quality on decisions about reserve siting. We used a simulated annealing algorithm to identify alternative scenarios for comprehensive representation of the nation's bat fauna within a system of reserves and to evaluate the contribution of existing protected areas in Paraguay to this conservation goal. The location, efficiency, and level of protection (i.e., the number of populations of each species protected) were affected by both spatial scale and source of data. Our results suggest that systematic and intensive biodiversity surveys are an important element of efficient conservation planning for biodiversity conservation.
Data-driven approach to design of passive flow control strategies

An approach to designing passive devices for control of unsteady flows is presented. The method requires only snapshots of the flow to be controlled as inputs. A temporal correlation based on proper orthogonal decomposition of both fluctuating velocity and nonlinear forcing serves to identify the spatial locations in which the forcing drives the different unsteady flow features. The installation of a passive device in these spatial locations inhibits the fluctuating motion. The potential of the methodology is demonstrated via the suppression of vortex shedding in flow past a square cylinder, paving the way to the control of more complex flows using passive devices. Connections in agreement with previous studies targeting the same flow using different passive flow control strategies are provided.
Estimating Dynamic Games of Oligopolistic Competition: An Experimental Investigation

Dynamic oligopoly estimators have become a workhorse for industry studies in empirical industrial organization. We evaluate parameter recovery and counterfactual predictions for such environments using laboratory data. In our experimental setting we characterize a symmetric Markov-perfect equilibrium and also a non-Markov equilibrium that allows for much higher payoffs. We estimate structural parameters under the standard assumption that the data are generated by a Markov-perfect equilibrium and then use the estimates to predict counterfactual behavior. The concern is that if the Markov assumption is violated in the data, we would find biased estimates large errors in counterfactual predictions. The experimental method allows us to compare estimated parameters to the true induced parameters, and counterfactual predictions to true counterfactuals implemented as treatments. Our main finding is that restricting attention to Markov-perfect equilibria at the estimation stage is, in fact, not very restrictive.
Common Ownership in America: 1980-2017

When competing firms possess overlapping sets of investors, maximizing shareholder value may provide incentives that distort competitive behavior, affecting pricing, entry, contracting, and virtually all strategic interactions among firms. We propose a structurally consistent and scaleable approach to the measurement of this phenomenon for the universe of S&P 500 firms between 1980 and 2017. Over this period, the incentives implied by the common ownership hypothesis have grown dramatically. Contrary to popular intuition, this is not primarily associated with the rise of BlackRock and Van- guard: instead, the trend in the time series is driven by a broader rise in diversified investment strategies, of which these firms are only the most recent incarnation. In the cross-section, there is substantial variation that can be traced, both in the theory and the data, to observable firm characteristics – particularly the share of the firm held by retail investors. Finally, we show how common ownership can theoretically give rise to incentives for expropriation of undiversified shareholders via tunneling, even in the Berle and Means (1932) world of the “widely held firm. ”
Adapting, Not Adopting: Barriers Affecting Teaching for Critical Thinking at Two Rwandan Universities

A recent study of student learning at three of Rwanda’s most prestigious public universities has suggested that Rwandan students are not improving in their critical thinking ability during their time at university. This article reports on a series of faculty-level case studies, which were conducted at two of the participating institutions in order to investigate some of the reasons behind these results. Although educational practices likely to foster critical thinking skills are required elements of the undergraduate curriculum at both institutions, the case study analysis suggests that these practices are being fundamentally altered during implementation, because of a limited understanding of the rationale for pedagogical change and low levels of faculty motivation to implement more labor-intensive teaching methods. The findings suggest that teaching and learning policies are only likely to be effective if accompanied by pedagogical training and support for ongoing faculty development.
Knowing Factors or Factor Loadings, or Neither? Evaluating Estimators of Large Covariance Matrices with Noisy and Asynchronous Data

We investigate estimators of factor-model-based large covariance (and precision) matrices using high-frequency data, which are asynchronous and potentially contaminated by the market microstructure noise. Our estimation strategies rely on the pre-averaging method with refresh time to solve the microstructure problems, while using three different specifications of factor models with a variety of thresholding methods, respectively, to battle the curse of dimensionality. To estimate a factor model, we either adopt the time-series regression (TSR) to recover loadings if factors are known, or use the cross-sectional regression (CSR) to recover factors from known loadings, or use the principal component analysis (PCA) if neither factors nor their loadings are assumed known. We compare the convergence rates in these scenarios using the joint in-fill and increasing dimensionality asymptotics. To evaluate the empirical trade-off between robustness to model misspecification and statistical efficiency among all 30 combinations of estimation strategies, we run a horse race on the out-of-sample portfolio allocation with Dow Jones 30, S&P 100, and S&P 500 index constituents, respectively, and find the pre-averaging-based strategy using TSR or PCA with location thresholding dominates, especially over the subsampling-based alternatives.
Ownership structure and financial distress

Caught in financial distress has never been an objective of any company. Nevertheless, many companies collapsed due to controllable and uncontrollable factors. There is inconclusive evidence as to whether changes in ownership attributes improve firms' performance and therefore could reduce the likelihood of firms going through financial distress. This study attempts to understand whether type of ownership have significant relationship with companies that experienced financial distress. This study is useful to directors who can evaluate the existence of these factors in their companies and to authorities who can use this study to measure the effectiveness of government linked institutional investors in preventing distress. 
Functions and Actions of Retinoids and Carotenoids: Building on the Vision of James Allen Olson

carotene and other carotenoids have been thought to have anti-cancer activity, either because of antioxidant activity or because of their ability to be converted to vitamin A. Nevertheless, two large scale intervention studies in humans using high doses of -carotene found that -carotene supplementation resulted in more lung cancer rather than less lung cancer among smoking and asbestos exposed populations. Studies conducted in the ferret have elucidated molecular mechanisms behind this observation, in that high-dose -car- otene and smoke exposure in these animals leads to squamous metaplasia, a pre-cancerous lesion in the lung. High dose -carotene in the smoke exposed animals was found to give rise to a number of transient oxidative metabolites, which include P450 enzymes that result in the destruction of retinoic acid, and diminished retinoid signaling, and enhanced cell proliferation. In addition, eccentric cleavage -carotene metabolites facilitate the binding of smoke derived carcinogens to DNA. In other ferret studies low dose -carotene smoke exposure provided mild protection against squamous metaplasia. Thus, it appears that the explanation of the apparent paradoxical effects of -carotene on lung cancer is related to dose. The metabolism and breakdown of natural products should be thoroughly investigated in animal models before embarking on large scale intervention trials, particularly when using unusually high doses that greatly exceed normal dietary levels. J. Nutr. 134: 262S-268S, 2004.