Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chitosan Scaffolds as Microcarriers for Dynamic Culture of Human Neural Stem Cells

Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) possess remarkable potential for regenerative medicine in the treatment of presently incurable diseases. However, a key challenge lies in producing sufficient quantities of hNSCs, which is necessary for effective treatment. Dynamic culture systems are recognized as a powerful approach to producing large quantities of hNSCs required, where microcarriers play a critical role in supporting cell expansion. Nevertheless, the currently available microcarriers have limitations, including a lack of appropriate surface chemistry to promote cell adhesion, inadequate mechanical properties to protect cells from dynamic forces, and poor suitability for mass production. Here, we present the development of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan scaffolds as microcarriers for hNSC expansion under defined conditions in bioreactors. We demonstrate that chitosan scaffolds with a concentration of 4 wt% (4CS scaffolds) exhibit desirable microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties suited for hNSC expansion. Furthermore, they could also withstand degradation in dynamic conditions. The 4CS scaffold condition yields optimal metabolic activity, cell adhesion, and protein expression, enabling sustained hNSC expansion for up to three weeks in a dynamic culture. Our study introduces an effective microcarrier approach for prolonged expansion of hNSCs, which has the potential for mass production in a three-dimensional setting.
Open cluster kinematics with Gaia DR2

Context. Open clusters are very good tracers of the evolution of the Galactic disc. Thanks to Gaia, their kinematics can be investigated with an unprecedented precision and accuracy. Aims. The distribution of open clusters in the 6D phase space is revisited with Gaia DR2. Methods. The weighted mean radial velocity of open clusters was determined, using the most probable members available from a previous astrometric investigation that also provided mean parallaxes and proper motions. Those parameters, all derived from Gaia DR2 only, were combined to provide the 6D phase-space information of 861 clusters. The velocity distribution of nearby clusters was investigated, as well as the spatial and velocity distributions of the whole sample as a function of age. A high-quality subsample was used to investigate some possible pairs and groups of clusters sharing the same Galactic position and velocity. Results. For the high-quality sample of 406 clusters, the median uncertainty of the weighted mean radial velocity is 0.5 km s−1. The accuracy, assessed by comparison to ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy, is better than 1 km s−1. Open clusters nicely follow the velocity distribution of field stars in the close solar neighbourhood as previously revealed by Gaia DR2. As expected, the vertical distribution of young clusters is very flat, but the novelty is the high precision to which this can be seen. The dispersion of vertical velocities of young clusters is at the level of 5 km s−1. Clusters older than 1 Gyr span distances to the Galactic plane of up to 1 kpc with a vertical velocity dispersion of 14 km s−1, typical of the thin disc. Five pairs of clusters and one group with five members might be physically related. Other binary candidates that have been identified previously are found to be chance alignments.
The Relation among Moral Distress, Ethical Environment and Self Efficacy as Perceived by Nursing Staff

Background: Moral distress is a complex and challenging issue in the nursing profession that can negatively affect the nurses’ self-efficacy and the quality of patient care especially when working in non-ethical environment. Aim of this study: To assess the relation among moral distress, ethical environment and self-efficacy as perceived by nursing staff. Study design: A descriptive correlational design was utilized. Setting : The study was conducted in medical and surgical units at Benha University hospital. Subject : All the available the head nurses group and their assistance (54) and simple random sample of the staff nurses group (178). Tools of data collection: Three tools were used in data collection; First tool: Moral distress questionnaire, Second tool: Ethical environment questionnaire and third tool: General self-efficacy questionnaire. Results: The most head nurse had moderate perception level toward moral distress & staff nurses had high perception level. Also, most of nursing staff had high perception level toward ethical environment. In addition, the highest percentage of the head nurses had moderate perception level regarding self-efficacy & the staff nurses had low perception level. Conclusion: There was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between moral distress and ethical environment among head nurses and staff nurses. Otherwise, there was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and ethical environment. While there was a highly statistically significant negative correlation between moral distress and self-efficacy among staff nurses. Recommendations: Maintain nursing staff awareness about moral distress and self-efficacy by conducting educational programs, workshops and conferences to improve outcomes related to patient and the organization. Encourage open communication between nursing staff, supervisors and physicians through conferences and meetings to share best practices.
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Anestrous Cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan District, Nepal

Chlamydia abortus are gram negative coccoid, obligate intracellular zoonotic bacteria responsible for abortion and other reproductive problems in dairy cattle. This leads to sub-fertility and infertility in cattle thereby causing significant economic losses to dairy farmers. However, the status of Chlamydia abortus in Nawalpur and Chitwan districts, which are the dairy pockets of Nepal, are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to Chlamydia abortus in anestrous dairy cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan districts in relatively low risk winter season. In total, 92 cattle serum (Nawalpur (n= 27) and Chitwan (n= 65) samples were collected from April 2018 to May 2019 and tested using a Chlamydia abortus specific indirect ELISA kit to evaluate the seropositivity status of cattle. Results showed that only 2 (2.17%) cattle were seropositive for Chlamydia abortus. Both the positive cattle were Jerseys from Nawalpur area with a history of abortion. The ages of the seropositive cattle were 3 and 4 years. In conclusion, there was a low seroprevalence of C. abortus in dairy cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan districts. The presence of this bacterium suggests that it is likely to be a cause of unidentified abortion in dairy cattle in Nepal. We suggest screening dairy animals for C. abortus infection to minimize this risk.
Remarks on Computability and Stability

Previously, it has been suggested that the GA¶del-type non-algorithmic process may be associated with consciousness. This paper discusses the halting problem and the non-computability of self-referential consciousness. Specifically, this discussion outlines the distinguishability between the halting and looping of computation, or the semantic understanding between true and false, that may be associated with the non-computability of consciousness. The nonlocality intrinsically possessed in quantum theory is one of the striking features of nature that has received a lot of attention. In particular, Bell-type inequalities have been not only extremely powerful but practical tools in quantum information technology. A numerical approach is used to describe different cases of Bell-CHSH inequalities, particularly with different numbers of the choices of measurement bases. It is shown that there are variations of inequalities that are relatively stable against measurement errors.
Adultrap® trap optimized for collecting vector mosquito eggs, larvae and adults

ABSTRACT The productivity of the Adultrap® trap was compared to that of modified adultrap traps. Two structural changes were tested, a cover was placed at the entrance of the trap at two different heights. A comparison was also made with traps containing hydrogel to replace the water in the reservoir. The positivity rates of all the trap types were calculated and compared. The hydrogel models were more productive because they collected eggs, larvae, and adults. The trap that removed the protective screen and replaced the water with the hydrogel was 18.5 times larger than the original trap (p = 0.001). There was an increase in the productivity for the total collection of mosquitoes. The collection of eggs, larvae, and adults can contribute to the construction of more robust infestation indices. In addition, it allows for the collection of live specimens and the development of studies.
Large deviations for homozygosity

For any $m \geq 2$, the homozygosity of order $m$ of a population is the probability that a sample of size $m$ from the population consists of the same type individuals. Assume that the type proportions follow Kingman’s Poisson-Dirichlet distribution with parameter $\theta $. In this paper we establish the large deviation principle for the naturally scaled homozygosity as $\theta $ tends to infinity. The key step in the proof is a new representation of the homozygosity. This settles an open problem raised in [1]. The result is then generalized to the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distribution.
Computing Robust, Bootstrap-Adjusted Fit Indices for Use With Nonnormal Data

ABSTRACT Nonnormality of data presents unique challenges for researchers who wish to carry out structural equation modeling. The subsequent SPSS syntax program computes bootstrap-adjusted fit indices (comparative fit index, Tucker–Lewis index, incremental fit index, and root mean square error of approximation) that adjust for nonnormality, along with the Bollen–Stine bootstrap-adjusted χ2 equivalent statistic and associated scaling factor.
Evaluating Capabilities of Large Language Models: Performance of GPT4 on Surgical Knowledge Assessments

Abstract Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to dramatically alter healthcare by enhancing how we diagnosis and treat disease. One promising AI model is ChatGPT, a large general-purpose language model trained by OpenAI. The chat interface has shown robust, human-level performance on several professional and academic benchmarks. We sought to probe its performance and stability over time on surgical case questions. Methods: We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT-4 on two surgical knowledge assessments: the Surgical Council on Resident Education (SCORE) and a second commonly used knowledge assessment, referred to as Data-B. Questions were entered in two formats: open-ended and multiple choice. ChatGPT output were assessed for accuracy and insights by surgeon evaluators. We categorized reasons for model errors and the stability of performance on repeat encounters. Results: A total of 167 SCORE and 112 Data-B questions were presented to the ChatGPT interface. ChatGPT correctly answered 71% and 68% of multiple-choice SCORE and Data-B questions, respectively. For both open-ended and multiple-choice questions, approximately two-thirds of ChatGPT responses contained non-obvious insights. Common reasons for inaccurate responses included: inaccurate information in a complex question (n=16, 36.4%); inaccurate information in fact-based question (n=11, 25.0%); and accurate information with circumstantial discrepancy (n=6, 13.6%). Upon repeat query, the answer selected by ChatGPT varied for 36.4% of inaccurate questions; the response accuracy changed for 6/16 questions. Conclusion: Consistent with prior findings, we demonstrate robust near or above human-level performance of ChatGPT within the surgical domain. Unique to this study, we demonstrate a substantial inconsistency in ChatGPT responses with repeat query. This finding warrants future consideration and presents an opportunity to further train these models to provide safe and consistent responses. Without mental and/or conceptual models, it is unclear whether language models such as ChatGPT would be able to safely assist clinicians in providing care.
Changes in Sensory and Quality Characteristics of S. Aethiopicum (Shum) and A. Lividus (Linn) Leafy Vegetables along the Supply Chain

Changes in sensory attributes of vegetables over time under different conditions have been reported, however, little has been done regarding profiling and assessing changes in sensory attributes of raw leafy vegetables particularly Solanum aethiopicum (S.) and Amaranthus lividus (L.). This study therefore fills an important knowledge gap of profiling sensory attributes and assessing changes in color, texture and appearance of S.aethiopicum and A.lividus leafy vegetables over time after harvest. A complete randomized design in a 3 ×3 factorial arrangement (each vegetable sample was subjected to three treatments (Time of the day) and three replicates) and data was collected by use of quantitative descriptive sensory analysis. Descriptive data was entered into Microsoft excel spread sheets, averages computed and graphs generated. The data was further subjected to ANOVA and a least significant difference test was used to compare means of samples for all attributes at 95% confidence interval. Correlation analysis using Statistical Package for Social Scientients’ (SPSS version 16.0) was also performed to assess relationship between sensory attributes. Descriptive sensory analysis results showed that all 9:00hrs samples were rated highly for each attribute compared to the 12:00hrs and 15:00hrs samples. ANOVA results for S. aethiopicum showed statistical significant (pA. lividus showed significant differences for moist appearance, well spread appearance, smoothness and overall quality. Correlation results showed significant positive relationship (p<0.05) among attributes. This study observed that sensory attributes of leafy vegetables change with time after harvest andtraders are therefore encouraged to adopt local cooling systems to help preserve the sensory attributes of vegetables.
PRODUCTS OF SEVERI­BRAUER VARIETIES AND GALOIS COHOMOLOGY ∗

Let Y1,. ,Yn be n Severi­Brauer varieties over a field k. Let k(Y1×···×Yn) be the function field of their product. Using a recent result of Kahn we show that the quotient of the kernel of the restriction map H 3 (k,Q/Z(2))→ H 3 (k(Y1×···×Yn),Q/Z(2)) by the subgroup generated by the cup­products with the classes of Y1,. ,Yn in Brk is isomorphic to CH 2 (Y1×···×Yn)tors. We first apply this result to the product of two conics, using the fact that in this case CH 2 (Y1× Y2)tors is trivial. Then we construct examples with three conics where this quotient is not trivial. We also show how, in the case of one conic, the restriction map fits into a longer exact sequence.
The Lévy walk with rests under stochastic resetting

The Lévy walk with rests (LWR) model is a typical two-state stochastic process that has been widely and successfully adopted in the study of intermittent stochastic phenomena in physical and biological systems. Stochastic processes under resetting provide treatable and interesting schemes to study foraging and search strategies. In this manuscript, we focus on the anomalous diffusive behavior of the LWR under stochastic resetting. We consider both the case of instantaneous resetting, in which the particle stochastically returns to a given position immediately, and the case of noninstantaneous resetting, in which the particle returns to a given position with a finite velocity. The anomalous diffusive behaviors are analyzed and discussed by calculating the mean squared displacement analytically and numerically. Results reveal that the stochastic resetting can not only hinder the diffusion, where the diffusion evolves toward a saturation state, but also enhances it, where as compared with the LWR without resetting, the diffusion exponent surprisingly increases. As far as we know, the enhancement effect caused by stochastic resetting has not yet been reported. In addition, the resetting time probability density function (PDF) of the instantaneous resetting and the return time PDF of the noninstantaneous resetting are studied. Results reveal that the resetting time PDF could follow a power law provided that the sojourn time PDF is power-law distributed and the sojourn time with a heavier tail plays a decisive role in determining the resetting time PDF, whereas the shape of the return time PDF is determined by not only by the sojourn time PDF, but also by the return manner.
Comments on Setting the Quota for Wisconsin’s Fall 2021 Wolf Hunt

The Board has a solemn responsibility to manage Wisconsin’s wildlife in trust on behalf of all current and future Wisconsin residents. The Board’s ability to execute this trust has already been severely compromised by the state law requiring the Board to hold a wolf hunt every year that wolves are not on the state or federal endangered species list, regardless of the impact that such a hunt might have on the state wolf population.
TO ACCELERATE ENERGY CONSERVATION THROUGH PUBLIC STREET LIGHTING

The government of Indonesia committed itself in the Paris Agreement mandate to reduce greenhouse gases by 29 percent in 2020-2030. One of the aims is to support energy conservation programs that can be done through Public Street Lighting (PSL) infrastructure provision at the subnational level. More environmentally friendly and energy-efficient street lighting infrastructure is essential to improve public safety and produce multiplier economic growth. On the other hand, the post COVID-19 pandemic situation has affected government fiscal capacity mainly at the subnational level. Thus, Public-Private partnership (PPP) schemes are being considered as alternative financing solutions for such infrastructure development, although literature shows that certain minimum preparation-transaction costs may make PPP schemes unsuitable for small-scale projects. This policy brief is developed to propose small-scale PSL PPPs to accelerate the achievement of energy conservation in the economic recovery mainly through collaboration with the Group of 20 (G20).
Associated factors with human papillomavirus infection in adult women from northwest Mexico

Research on the association between risk factors and HPV infection in adult women from Hermosillo does not exist, so a study of cases and controls (1: 2) matched by age was designed to analyze this public health problem at local level. Participants were 33 and 66 women with and without HPV, respectively (mean age = 41.8 ± 7.9 years). The difference in characteristics between groups was tested with conditional logistic regression (univariate). Antioxidant intake was adjusted by total energy using the residual method. Two multivariate logistic regression models were generated to identify factors associated with HPV. In both models, the higher consumption of lycopene (OR = 0.96, CI =0.95-0.99, p = 0.019) and the higher Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TACp) (OR = 0.05, CI 95% = 0.03-0.7, p = 0.024), even adjusted by the number of pregnancies, number of sexual partners, and total number of sexual partners per year, reduced the risk of HPV. Multiple pregnancies and sexual behavior increased the risk of HPV, and higher consumption of lycopene and CATp reduced it in the women in this study. Sex education should be strengthened, as well as the consumption of antioxidants in women from Hermosillo to prevent the development of cervical cancer.
Numerical simulation of star formation in filamentary dark molecular clouds

Abstract Numerical simulations of star formation faces challenges including the huge spatial dynamic range and the presence of multiply coupled highly non-linear physics, such as magnetic field, supersonic turbulence, gravitation, radiation and protostellar outflow feedback. We present in this symposium our latest high resolution adaptive mesh refinement numerical simulations of the formation of filamentary dark molecular clouds from 4.55 pc size scale down to the formation of a protostellar cluster with maximum resolution at 28 AU. The physical properties of the long braided filamentary dark cloud formed in the simulation, the magnetic field properties of the cloud clumps, and the protostellar mass function in the simulations match well with the latest observations.
Effects of "FIRST2ACT" Model on Knowledge and Practical Skills of Difficult Airway Management in Nurse Anesthesia Students: An Interventional Study

Introduction: An important part of anesthesia management is opening and maintaining the patient's airway. Failure to establish and maintain a safe airway for patients during anesthesia is a life-threatening condition. Despite advances in science and technology, difficult airway management is far from ideal. Providing a simulated environment for critical situations seems to be the best way to better educate and prevent medical errors. This study aimed to compare the effect of the FIRST2ACT (Feedback Incorporating Review and Simulation Techniques to Act on Clinical Trend) model on knowledge and practical skills of difficult airway management and respiratory accidents between the intervention and control groups. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental intervention with before and after design. Sampling was done by census method and the participants were third and fourth-year nurse anesthesia students (n=62). The students were randomly allocated to an intervention group (n=31) educated and practicing based on the FIRST2ACT model and a control group (n=31). The intervention consisted of five stages: developing core knowledge, assessment, simulation, reflective review, and performance feedback, all based on the FIRST2ACT model. Theoretical and practical skills were examined in the participants. Data collection tools included a questionnaire and a checklist. Results: The results showed that after applying the FIRST2ACT model, the intervention group scored higher than the control group in both theoretical knowledge (17.87±1.43 vs. 12.67±1.35) and practical skills (134.28±3.21 vs. 81.58±8.55). This difference in results between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: It can be concluded that using this model was effective to improve the knowledge and practical skills of nurse anesthesia students in the field of difficult airway management and respiratory accidents during anesthesia.
Moments of a Family of Asymmetric Stochastic Volatility Models and the Stochastic News Impact Surface I

In this paper, we derive the statistical properties of a family of Stochastic Volatility (SV) models with leverage effect, which includes several popular models usually fitted to represent the dynamic evolution of asymmetric volatilities of financial returns. We further propose a new specification, named T-GASV, that belongs to this family and nests some of the most famous asymmetric SV models. The analytical expressions of the statistical properties of the T-GASV model are derived. As a byproduct, those of the nested models are obtained, some of which were previously unknown in the literature. By comparing the properties of these models, we are able to establish the advantages and limitations of each of them and give some guidelines about which model to implement in practice. We also propose the Stochastic News Impact Surface (SNIS) to represent the asymmetric response of volatility to positive and negative shocks in the context of SV models. The SNIS is useful to show the added flexibility of SV models over GARCH models when representing conditionally heteroscedastic time series with leverage effect. Finally, we analyze the performance of a MCMC estimator of the parameters and volatilities of the restricted T-GASV model and show that it has appropriate finite sample properties. Furthermore, estimating this model using the MCMC estimator, one can correctly identify the true nested specifications. All the results are illustrated by Monte Carlo experiments and by fitting the model to a series of daily S&P500 returns.