Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association Between the Affordable Care Act and Insurance Status, Stage and Treatment in Patients with Testicular Cancer.

Purpose We aimed to determine whether insurance expansions implemented through the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were associated with changes in coverage status, disease stage, and treatment of younger adults with testicular germ cell tumors (GCT). Materials and Methods We identified men aged 18-64 diagnosed with testicular GCTs between 2010 and 2015 in the National Cancer Data Base. We defined time periods as: pre-ACA (2010-2013) and post-ACA (2014-2015) and used difference-in-differences (DID) modeling to examine associations between state Medicaid expansion status and changes in insurance, stage at diagnosis, and treatment. Results Following the ACA, the proportion of patients with any health insurance increased 3.7% (95% CI 3-4.5) in Medicaid expansion states and 3.0% (95% CI 1.5-4.5) in non-expansion states, mainly by gaining Medicaid and private insurance, respectively. The largest increases occurred in low-income patients, where Medicaid expansion was associated with an adjusted increase of 14.5 percentage points (95% CI 7.2-21.8) in Medicaid coverage following the ACA. We did not observe reductions in late-stage diagnoses during the observation period. Changes in the proportion of patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation for advanced-stage cancers were ongoing prior to the ACA and differed between expansion and non-expansion states, limiting assessment of ACA-related effects on individual treatments. Conclusions Post-ACA, the proportion of newly diagnosed testicular cancer patients with health insurance increased, with the largest effects seen among lowest income individuals. Our findings that changes in practice preceded the ACA and differed by expansion status highlight the need for caution in assessing the legislation's impact.
Effect of Preoperative and Postoperative Administration of Ondansetron in Prevention of Postoperative Nausea Vomiting in Laparoscopic Gynaecological Surgeries

Introduction: Females undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic procedures are more vulnerable to get distressed by Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV). We conducted this study to evaluate the preoperative versus postoperative use of ondansetron, a commonly available, cost effective anti-emetic free of any side effects in the given dosage. Methods: This randomized, double-blind study was conducted on ASA grade I and II patients after assigning them randomly into groups A and B. Group A patients received 4mg (2ml) Ondansetron as premedication before induction and 2ml normal saline at the end of surgery. Group B received 2ml normal saline as premedication before induction and 4mg (2ml) Ondansetron at the end of surgery. A standard anesthesia protocol was used in all the patients. They were assessed at regular intervals; 0-2 hours in PACU then at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours for the parameters, incidence of PONV (PONV score), number of patients requiring rescue antiemetic and time at which first rescue anti emetic was given, vitals and details of any side effects. Results: There was no incidence of PONV in group B against 8 % in group A. The rescue antiemetic requirement was 8 % in group A, with no requirement in group B. Both the groups were vitally stable intra and postoperatively. No clinically and statistically significant side effects were observed. Patient satisfaction was also good in group B (100 %) against 96 % in group A. Conclusion: Ondansetron 4mg intravenous effectively controls PONV with 100% patient satisfaction when given post-operatively compared to its preoperative use (96%). It can be highlighted for cost effectiveness and absence of any serious side effects in the dosage given.
Investigating the effectiveness of a six-week exercise program for mental health outcomes among university students

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a six-week exercise program on university students’ mental health outcomes. The participants included 10 individuals enrolled at a Canadian university, representative of a range of educational programs (e.g., education, engineering, science) and varying year of study (first year to graduate studies). Using the Mental Health Inventory-38 (MHI-38) as a measure of Psychological Distress, Psychological WellBeing, and overall mental health (Mental Health Index), paired samples t test demonstrated a nonsignificant change in the Mental Health Index scores, t(9) = 0.75, p > . 05 and Psychological Well-Being, t(9) = -0.55, p > . 05 from pre to post intervention. Due to violations of normality, a Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to assess the median scores of Psychological Distress at two time points resulting in a nonsignificant decrease in Psychological Distress z(9) = -1.23, p > . 05. Due to a small sample size, low statistical power may have decreased the chances of finding a true effect if in fact present. The length of the program (six weeks), subjective reporting of completion of additional physical activity and intensity, and the time frame in which the program took place may have been factors that lead to the nonsignificant findings. Future researchers should test the effects of longer exercise programs, with a bigger sample, and at varying periods within an academic schedule. Despite the nonsignificant improvements in students’ mental health, it is important to note that their health did not significantly decline over the course of the intervention.
Platelet-rich plasma administration to the lower anterior vaginal wall to improve female sexuality satisfaction

Objective: To investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection to the lower one-third of the anterior vaginal wall on sexual function, orgasm, and genital perception in women with sexual dysfunction. Materials and Methods: Four sessions of PRP were administered to the anterior vaginal wall of 52 female patients with sexual dysfunction and orgasmic disorder [Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) total score ≤26 orgasmic subdomain score ≤3.75]. Prior to the PRP administrations in each session, the FSFI validated in Turkish, the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS), the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale were used and in the final follow-up, and the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) was performed and the results were analyzed. Results: Following the application of the PRP, the total FSFI score was observed as 27.88±4.80 and the total score was 26 and above in 50% of the patients (p<0.001). Orgasm subdomain scores were found as 2.11±1.20 before the PRP treatment and 4.48±1.14 afterwards (p<0.001). A significant change was observed in all sub-domains after PRP and it was observed that this change started after the first administration (p<0.001). A statistically significant increase was determined in FGSIS genital perception scores, which was significant between the 1st and 2nd months (p<0.001). The FSDS-R scores showed a minimal increase in stress scores as the application number increased, but a statistically significant decrease was observed in the 4th administration (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in Rosenberg Scale scores before and after treatment (p=0.389). High satisfaction was found in PGI-I scores. Conclusion: As a minimally invasive method, PRP administration to the distal anterior vaginal wall may improve female sexuality with high satisfaction.
Analysis of Family Income Factors on Diarrhea Incidence through Behavior in Tapalang

Diarrhea is one of an endemic disease and also a potential disease of outbreaks in Indonesia, including in Mamuju, West Sulawesi, where the disease is often accompanied by death. Tapalang is a sub-district with the highest cases of diarrhea in Mamuju in recent years. This study used a case control design with a fixed disease sampling technique. The population in this study were all toddlers in Tapalang as many as 1927 people with a total sample of 60 cases and 60 controls so that a total of 120 samples. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires, checklists and observation sheets. Data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis. The results showed that there was a direct and statistically significant effect between family income on the incidence of diarrhea (b = 1.50; 95% CI = 0.319 to 2.68; p = 0.013). There was an indirect influence between family income on the incidence of diarrhea through behavior but not statistically significant (b = 0.98; 95% CI = -0.76 to 2.73; p = 0.269). There is a direct influence between behavior and the incidence of diarrhea even though it is not statistically significant (b = 0.74; 95% CI = -0.41 to 1.90 p = 0.210). The conclusions of toddlers diarrhea in Tapalang is influenced by family income. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference for related parties in diarrhea control policies and also for mothers and toddlers' families in efforts to prevent diarrhea in toddlers.
Etiological Spectrum of Pancytopenia / Bicytopenia in Children 2 Months to 12 Years of Age

Background: To determine the etiological spectrum of pancytopenia / bicytopenia in children aged 2 months to 12 years. Methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study patients from 2 months to 12 years of age presenting with different cytopenias were included. Demographic profile and clinical findings were noted. Degree of malnutrition was assessed according to Gomez classification. Blood complete picture and peripheral smear were carried out for every patient having pancytopenia(leucopenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia) or bicytopenia (if only two parameters from the full blood count are low) were further subjected to bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy Results: A total of 105 patients were included in the study.More than half of the patients (61%) were 2 60 months of age . Out of these 64 patients, 71% were malnourished (second and third degree malnutrition according to Gomez classification) and it was statistically found to be significant (p value.004) . Fever (82.9%) was the commonest presentation . Inadequate dietary history was present in 51.4%. About half of the patients (56.2%) received blood transfusion before bone marrow examination . Forty eight (36.3 %) patients had features of infection at presentation. Pneumonia was the leading cause of infection. Hepatosplenomegaly was seen in 27.6% and isolated splenomegaly in 4.8%, while 5.7% had generalized lymphadenopathy. Severe anemia (Hemoglobin < 5gm %) was found in 25.7%, leucopenia (TLC < 4000/cmm) in 45.7%, severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤ 20,000/cmm) in 31.4%. Approximately half of the patients (62.9%) had bicytopenia and 37.1% had pancytopenia on blood complete picture . More than one third(41.9%) patients were diagnosed. Megaloblastic anemia on bone marrow examination and it was the leading cause of bicytopenia / pancytopenia in patients aged 13-60 months. Out of 40 patients of this age group 20 had Megaloblastic anemia and 18 out of these 20 patients (90%) were with grade II – III malnutrition (p valve 0.02) . Infective etiology was the cause of bicytopenia / pancytopenia in 19%, aplastic anemia in 13.3% and acute leukemia in 10.5% patients. Conclusion: Megaloblastic anemia was the commonest cause of pancytopenia / bicytopenia followed by infective etiology, aplastic anemia and acute leukemia. Malnutrition was seen in majority of patients with megaloblastic anaemia
Resilience through the Eyes of Professional Nurses in South Africa

Nurses enter the profession because they have a deeply rooted desire to care for people and it is important that they stay optimistic and keep their caring concern for patients to ensure high quality nursing care. We can learn about enabling or protective factors from resilient professional nurses who experience satisfaction in caring for their patients. We can also learn from less resilient nurses about risk factors in order to better equip nurses who suffer and run the risk of becoming physically or mentally ill and even leave the profession. The experiences of these nurses can lead to a better understanding of resilience in the profession and the information can be used to facilitate growth in professional nurses and can be of benefit to the health care service. This qualitative phase of a research project on resilience in professional nurses focused on the experiential narratives of 35 identified resilient and 10 less resilient professional nurses. Nurses were asked to share their experiences about what enabled or hindered them in their professional resilience. It took place in public and private hospitals, as well as primary health care clinics in South Africa. Findings indicated that the resilient nurses were actively involved in building and maintaining their resilience promoting ecologies, whereas less resilient nurses mostly externalised their loss of resilience and manifested professional helplessness and meaninglessness.
CARCINOMA BREAST-HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HORMONE RECEPTORS CORRELATION

In this study it was intended to know the hormone receptor OBJECTIVE: expression as a marker for the detection of breast cancer and correlate it with the Bloom-Richardson grading system of breast carcinoma. Breast cancer patients with tumors that are BACKGROUND DATA: estrogen receptor (ER) positive and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive have lower risk of mortality compared to women with ER and/or PR negative disease. However, few studies have evaluated variations in the risks of breast cancer specific mortality across ER/PR status by either demographic or clinical characteristics. Breast carcinoma samples from 64 METHODS:
Survival estimating following recurrence in gastric cancer patients and its relative factors

كچ ي هد فده و هقباس : ناطرس هدعم يكي زا عياش نيرت ناطرس اه رد ناهج تسا هك يلع مغر شيپ تفر ياه تروـص هـتفرگ رد هنيمز ،نامرد نازيم ياقب نآ اه نيياپ تسا . لماوع يفلتخم نكمم تسا رب دوع سپ زا نامرد راذگريثات دشاب . فده نيا هعلاطم يسررب اقب و نييعت وع لما طبترم اب نيا ناراميب دوب . شور و داوم اه : هعلاطم رب يور 93 راميب لاتـبم هـب ناطرـس هدـعم هـك زا خيراـت 1 / 1 / 1382 اـت 29 / 12 / 1386 هـب رسناكوتيتسنا ناتسراميب ماما ينيمخ هعجارم هدرك و سپ زا نامرد ياراد دوع دندوب ماجنا تفرگ . لوط رـمع زا ناـمز دوع ات گرم اي ناياپ هعلاطم ) 1 / 7 / 88 ( رب بسح هام هبساحم دش . رثا ،سنج نس ،صيخشت لحم ،يريگرد عون ،نامرد هجرد زيامت يگتفاي ،روموت ،زاتساتم هلحرم يراميب رب ياقب نيا ناراميب دش نييعت . هتفاي اه : زا 93 راميب ياراد ،دوع 74 رفن ) 6 / 79 دصرد ( درم دندوب . 45 ) 4 / 48 دصرد ( راميب ات ناـياپ هـعلاطم توـف دندش . نيگنايم نامز صيخشت ات دوع ربارب 7 / 11 ± 7 / 15 هام و يمين زا ناراميب ات 11 هام سپ زا نامرد ياراد دوع دـندوب . م ي گنا ي ن و م ي هنا ي ياقب سپ زا دوع هب بيترت 5 / 14 و 9 هام دوب و لامتحا ياقب ي ك ،هلاس هلاسود و هس هلاـس ـ ب ه بـيترت 42 / 0 ، 19 / 0 و 13 / 0 هدوب تسا . جياتن ناشن داد هك ياهريغتم نـس ،صيخشـت هـلحرم ،يراـميب يپارتوـيدار و هـجرد يگتفايزيامت روموت رب اقب ينعم راد دندش ) 05 / 0 p< . ( هجيتن يريگ : : اب هجوت هب نيا هك شيب زا يمين زا اهدوع رد لاس لوا دعب زا نامرد خر يم دـهد اذـل هـعجارم هـناهام ناراميب رد صيخشت هب عقوم يرورض تسا . هژاو ه يديلك يا : ناطرس ،هدعم ياقب دعب زا ،دوع وتيتسنا ،رسناك لدم كاك س .
Lateral-flow immunoassay as a diagnostic test for influenza type A and B in children

Background The diagnosis of influenza remains difficult to establish because of its similar symptoms to those of respiratory infection caused by other viruses. The “gold standard” for the diagnosis of influenza is viral culture, which takes time to gain the result and is expensive as well. A simple, rapid, and easily used tool for detection of influenza virus type A and B is needed. Objective To assess the accuracy of lateral-flow immunoassay with Quick Vue Influenza A+B ® in detecting influenza virus of type A and B. Methods This was an observational study designed for diagnostic test. The subjects were children aged 0-14 years old presenting with acute respiratory infection in primary Health Care Jetis , Godean I, Godean II and Prof. Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, from October 2005 to May 2007. Specimens were collected from both the anterior nares and the throat by physicians for lateralflow immunoassay with Quick Vue Influenza A+B ® and viral culture as gold standard. Lateral-flow immunoassay was done in each study centre, nasal specimen was placed in an extraction reagent tube and sent to NAMRU II laboratory. Results There were 255 children enrolled in this study. Lateralflow immunoassay by Quick Vue Influenza A+B ® has sensitivity 70% (CI95% 6;83%), specificity 93% (CI95% 90;97%), positive predictive value 68% (CI95% 54;82%), negative predictive value 94% (CI95% 91;97%), positive likelihood ratio 10,56 (CI95% 6,14;18,19) and negative likelihood ratio 0,32 (CI95% 0,21; 0,51). Conclusion Lateral-flow immunoassay (Quick Vue Influenza A+B ® ), nasal swab specimen is not accurate to detect influenza virus A and B in children. [Paediatr Indones 2008;48:104-109].
Genetic dissociation of three antigenic genes in Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri

Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri are two sympatric human malaria species prevalent in Africa, Asia and Oceania. The reported prevalence of both P. ovale spp. was relatively low compared to other malaria species, but more sensitive molecular detection techniques have shown that asymptomatic low-density infections are more common than previously thought. Whole genome sequencing of both P. ovale spp. revealed genetic dissociation between P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri suggesting a species barrier. In this study we further evaluate such a barrier by assessing polymorphisms in the genes of three vaccine candidate surface protein: circumsporozoite protein/ thrombospondin-related anonymous-related protein (ctrp), circumsporozoite surface protein (csp) and merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1). The complete coding sequence of ctrp and csp, and a partial fragment of msp1 were isolated from 25 P. ovale isolates and compared to previously reported reference sequences. A low level of nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.02–0.10) was observed in all three genes. Various sizes of tandem repeats were observed in all ctrp, csp and msp1 genes. Both tandem repeat unit and nucleotide polymorphism in all three genes exhibited clear dimorphism between P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri, supporting evidence of non-recombination between these two species.
Cornea Long-Term Changes in Corneal Structure and Tear Inflammatory Mediators after Orthokeratology and LASIK

METHODS. Sixty-two myopic subjects were analyzed in this prospective study. Thirty-two had worn Paragon CRT contact lenses and 30 underwent standard LASIK. Thirty-two control subjects were also recruited. Pachometry and corneal topography were performed 12 months after both interventions. Tears were collected and assayed using ELISA for IL-6, IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and epidermal growth factor (EGF).
The Effect of Acidosis on Peak Power After a Simulated 4000-m Individual Pursuit on a Bicycle Ergometer

Background: Large reductions in plasma and muscle pH have been associated with fatigue during supramaximal exercise. The ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) has often been used to attenuate plasma acidosis and provide an ergogenic effect. Due to the importance of the end-spurt in supramaximal events an understanding of what limits the ability to produce power late into a race could provide a competitive advantage. Additionally, the anaerobic power reserve (APR) has been put forth as a noninvasive tool for quantification and prediction of the anaerobic capabilities above aerobic capacity. However, limited research has related the model to changes in acid-base balance commonly seen over supramaximal exercise. Aims: To determine: 1) the effect of NaHCO3 on plasma acidosis and changes in anaerobic peak power output (PPO) after a 3-min fixed-intensity supramaximal cycling time-trial (based on the intensity requirements of a 4000-m individual pursuit) 2) the role of blood lactate concentration (blood [La-]), plasma potassium concentration (plasma [K+]), plasma calcium concentration (plasma [Ca2+]), plasma sodium concentration (plasma [Na+]), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) on changes in PPO 3) the relationship between APR and changes in PPO and plasma measures. Methods: Twelve elite cyclists from both sprint and endurance backgrounds were recruited to participate. Participants performed an initial testing session to determine APR, and two experimental intervention trials. During the intervention trials participants firstly ingested 0.3 g.kg-1 body mass (BM) of either NaHCO3 (BIC) or placebo (PLA) in a double-blind, randomized crossover design, 75 min prior to a standardized warm up. Performance testing then included an initial PPO (PPO1) followed by a fixed-intensity time-trial, simulating ~75%
Comparison of HbA1c and FBS among Diabetics and Non-diabetics to Evaluate Role of HbA1c as a Screening Tool

Background: The increase in the incidence of Diabetes in both the urban and rural sectors of population demands a proper screening strategy for early diagnosis, to delay th e complications associated with this disorder. Aim : To evaluate HbA1c as a diagnostic tool for screening purposes at the commu nity level. Materials and Methods: 50 Type 2 Diabetics were included as cases and 50 healthy individuals were taken as c ontrols in this study. FBS and HbA1c were estimated in them, and the data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software vers ion17. Results: A significantly (p<0.001) strong and positive corr elation between FBS and HbA1c with a "r" value 0.908 was observed. HbA1c showed 100% sensitivity and specificity at a best cut off value of 6.7%. Conclusion: Hba1c can be used as an effective screening tool a t the community level, provided that the test should be performed using a method that is sta ndardized.
Expansion of Waist Circumference in Medical Literature: Potential Clinical Application of a Body Shape Index

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has become the main indicator of obesity. Due to the limitations of BMI in identifying individuals with obesity-related morbidities, risk assessment has broadened to include other biometric measures, especially waist circumference (WC). Here, we present a brief survey of the increasing medical application of WC and related measures, including waist hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR), with the goal of motivating the new Body Shape Index (ABSI), which adjusts WC for BMI, and providing guidance for the application of ABSI in medical research. Methods and findings: We searched Medline for mentions of obesity, BMI, WC, and related measures including ABSI. We find that BMI has become an almost universally used indicator for obesity since the early 1990s, but WC is increasingly employed as a supplementary indicator. We show that whereas fixed WC cutoffs are strongly correlated with BMI thresholds, ABSI values are distributed nearly equally across BMI categories, so that ABSI may be a better candidate for providing a biometric measure of wide clinical applicability that supplements BMI in assessing obesity and body composition. There is nascent interest in ABSI, and several publications have applied the measure. However, most do not appear to have adjusted for gender and age, both of which significantly impact ABSI. Conclusions: Various simple measures of obesity and body dimensions have been increasingly utilized in recent years. ABSI holds potential to improve clinical assessment beyond the measures now commonly used. Comparisons of anthropometric indices should employ consistent methodology, including adjustment for known covariates such as age and sex.