Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Estimation of Left Atrial Thrombus or Spontaneous Echo Contrast Risk in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Low to Borderline CHA2DS2-VASc Score

Purpose Left atrial thrombus (LAT)/left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LASEC) still exists in CHA2DS2-VASc score-defined low/borderline risk population. The purpose of this study is to explore the risk factors that associate with LAT/SEC and to create a nomogram to predict LAT/SEC risk in NVAF patients with low/borderline CHA2DS2-VASc scores. Patients and Methods A total of 834 NVAF patients with complete data on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors that associate with LAT/SEC, and a nomogram was established based on the results. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis were performed to verify the predictive power of nomogram. Results The rates for LAT/SEC for the training and validation cohorts were 84 (14.7%) and 30 (11.4%), respectively. Independent factors including age, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial diameter (LAD), smoke, non-paroxysmal AF (NPAF), and E/e’ were considered to construct the nomogram for LAT/SEC. The AUC for nomogram was 0.839 and 0.811 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration and decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram had a good prediction capacity and would be clinically useful. Conclusion Age, LVEF, LAD, smoke, NPAF, and E/e’ are independently associated with LAT/SEC in NVAF patients with low/borderline CHA2DS2-VASc scores. The nomogram that incorporates these six variables effectively predict LAT/SEC risk in NVAF patients with low/borderline CHA2DS2-VASc scores.
Wormholes in Horava gravity with cosmological constant

By combining analytical and numerical methods we find that the solutions of the complete Horava theory with negative cosmological constant that satisfy the conditions of staticity, spherical symmetry and vanishing of the shift function are two kinds of geometry: (i) a wormhole-like solution with two sides joined by a throat and (ii) a single side with a naked singularity at the origin. We study the second-order effective action. We consider the case when the coupling constant of the (partial ln N)^2 term, which is the unique deviation from general relativity in the effective action, is small. At one side the wormhole acquires a kind of deformed AdS asymptotia and at the other side there is an asymptotic essential singularity. The deformation of AdS essentially means that the lapse function N diverges asymptotically a bit faster than AdS. This can also be interpreted as an anisotropic Lifshitz scaling that the solutions acquire asymptotically.
Investigating the Influence of Leadership Styles on Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in the Tanzanian Context

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of head teachers’ leadership styles on teachers’ job satisfaction in public secondary schools. The study used a descriptive survey design based on mixed research approach. Both purposive and random sampling techniques were used in selecting 10 head of schools and 80 teachers respectively. The primary data were collected using questionnaires and interview guidelines. Collected data were descriptively analysed to generate frequencies and percentages. The study findings demonstrate that using a democratic leadership style by heads of schools improves teachers’ job satisfaction. Despite the fact that heads of school leadership seemed to be a very important factor in teachers’ job satisfaction in the schools but it was concluded that they need to have leadership skills to increase teachers’ job satisfaction.
Niche and range dynamics of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), a globally cultivated invasive tree

Abstract The ecological niche concept has provided insights into various areas in ecology and biogeography. Although there remains much controversy regarding whether species niches are conserved across space and time, many recent studies have suggested that invasive species conserve their climatic niche between native and introduced ranges; however, whether the climatic niche of cultivated invasive species, whose niches are strongly affected by human activities, are conserved between native and introduced ranges remains unclear. Additionally, the range dynamics of invasive species in their native and introduced regions have not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the niche and range dynamics of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), a globally cultivated invasive tree, using ecological niche models and niche dynamic analyses. The most important factors affecting the niche changes between native and introduced Tasmanian blue gum were max temperature of the warmest month and precipitation of the wettest month. The climate niche was not conserved between introduced and native range Tasmanian blue gum; moreover, the niche area of the former was ca. 7.4 times larger than that of the latter, as introduced Tasmanian blue gum could survive in hotter, colder, wetter, and drier climates. In addition, the potential range of introduced Tasmanian blue gum was ca. 32 times larger than that of its native counterpart. Human introduction and cultivation may play a key role in the niche and range expansion of introduced Tasmanian blue gum. Given that small increases in niche area can result in large range expansions, the niche expansion of an invasive species could be used to evaluate invasion risk, which might even be more sensitive than range expansions.
Equatorial Solitary Waves. Part V: Initial Value Experiments, Coexisting Branches, and Tilted-Pair Instability

Abstract A series of high-resolution numerical experiments, augmented by theory, to further explore the dynamics of equatorial dipole vortices (Rossby solitary waves) is performed. When the amplitude is sufficiently large so that the vortices trap fluid internally, the solitary waves for a given phase speed are not unique. The potential vorticity–streak function (q–Ψ) relationship is everywhere linear for one branch, but highly nonlinear in the recirculation region for the second branch. Westward-traveling vortex pairs are highly unstable on the midlatitude beta plane, but the equatorial wave guide stabilizes vortex pairs that straddle the equator, even when given a strong initial tilt. As discovered by Williams and Wilson and explained theoretically by Boyd, the author confirms that higher latitudinal mode solitary waves are weakly nonlocal through radiation of sinusoidal Rossby waves of lower latitudinal mode number. The amplitude and wavelength of the radiation are in good agreement with nonlocal solit.
Photochemistry of Saturn's Atmosphere: II. Effects of an Influx of External Oxygen

We use a one-dimensional diurnally averaged model of photochemistry and diffusion in Saturn's stratosphere to investigate the influence of extraplanetary debris on atmospheric chemistry. In particular, we consider the effects of an influx of oxygen from micrometeoroid ablation or from ring-particle diffusion; the contribution from cometary impacts, satellite debris, or ring vapor is deemed to be less important. The photochemical model results are compared directly with Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations to constrain the influx of extraplanetary oxygen to Saturn. From the ISO observations, we determine that the column densities of CO2 and H2O above 10 mbar in Saturn's atmosphere are (6.3±1)×1014 and (1.4±0.4)×1015 cm−2, respectively; our models indicate that a globally averaged oxygen influx of (4±2)×106 O atoms cm−2 s−1 is required to explain these observations. Models with a locally enhanced influx of H2O operating over a small fraction of the projected area do not provide as good a fit to the ISO H2O observations. If volatile oxygen compounds comprise one-third to one-half of the exogenic source by mass, then Saturn is currently being bombarded with (3±2)×10−16 g cm−2 s−1 of extraplanetary material. To reproduce the observed CO2/H2O ratio in Saturn's stratosphere, some of the exogenic oxygen must arrive in the form of a carbon–oxygen bonded species such as CO or CO2. An influx consistent with the composition of cometary ices fails to reproduce the high observed CO2/H2O ratio, suggesting that (i) the material has ices that are slightly more carbon-rich than is typical for comets, (ii) a contribution from an organic-rich component is required, or (iii) some of the hydrogen–oxygen bonded material is converted to carbon–oxygen bonded material without photochemistry (e.g., during the ablation process). We have also reanalyzed the 5-μm CO observations of Noll and Larson (Icarus 89, 168–189, 1990) and determine that the CO lines are most sensitive to the 100- to 400-mbar column density for which we derive a range of (0.7–1.5)×1017 cm−2; the CO observations do not allow us to distinguish between an external or internal source of CO on Saturn. If we assume that all the extraplanetary oxygen derives from a micrometeoroid source, then the unfocused dust flux at 9.5 AU must be (i) (1±0.7)×10−16 g cm−2 s−1 if interstellar grains are the source of the external oxygen on Saturn, (ii) (4±3)×10−17 g cm−2 s−1 if IDPs on randomly inclined, highly eccentric orbits (e.g., Halley-type comet grains) are the source of the external oxygen, or (iii) (2±1.4)×10−18 g cm−2 s−1 if IDPs on low inclination, low eccentricity orbits (e.g., Kuiper-belt grains) are the source of the external oxygen. These estimates can be used in combination with future Cassini dust detection data to determine the ultimate source of the dust at Saturn's distance from the Sun.
Analisis Peran Penting Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pembelajaran Organisasi, Remunerasi, dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, pembelajaran organisasi, remunerasi, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar. Menggunakan jenis data primer dengan penyebaran kuesioner. Data sekunder penulis menggunakan data dan informasi yang diperlukan dari penelitian sebelumnya, buku dan internet. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Negeri Sipil Non Hakim di Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar. Sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Teknik penentuan sampel yaitu mengambil seluruh anggota populasi sebagai sampel atau metode total sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Alat mengolah data menggunakan SPSS versi 21. Ada empat temuan penting. Pertama, gaya kepemimpinan mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Kedua, pembelajaran organisasi mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Ketiga, remunerasi mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Keempat, lingkungan kerja mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai pada Pengadilan Negeri Karanganyar This study aims to analyze leadership style, organizational learning, remuneration, and work environment on employee performance in the Karanganyar District Court. Using the type of primary data using a questionnaire. Secondary data authors use the data and information needed from previous research, books and the internet. The population of this study was Non-Judge Civil Servants in the Karanganyar District Court. A sample of 30 respondents. The sampling technique is taking all sample members or the total sampling method. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The tool for processing data using SPSS version 21. There are four important findings. First, leadership style. Second, organizational learning. Third, remuneration can improve employee performance. Fourth, the work environment improves performance in the Karanganyar District Court.
Fucosyltransferase 4 Predicts Patient Outcome in Rectal Cancer through an Immune Microenvironment-Mediated Multi-Mechanism

Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal malignant tumors worldwide. Standardization of the strategy for the precise treatment of this cancer has been a major challenge. Enrichment analysis of six gene groups (colon cancer-specific genes (upregulated and downregulated); rectal cancer-specific genes (upregulated and downregulated); and common genes (upregulated and downregulated)) revealed the common and specific features of colon and rectal cancer, particularly a hyperactive immune response in rectal cancer. Key common genes exhibited a similar expression pattern, but were associated with distinct patient prognosis in colon and rectal cancer. FUT4 was a core regulatory gene in rectal cancer; it can decrease the level of infiltration by M2 macrophages in the tumor immune microenvironment and participate in the positive regulation of the immune system and glycoprotein biosynthetic process, thereby affecting the outcome of patients with rectal cancer. FUT4 co-expression genes can influence patient's survival time by regulating the cell cycle. Among the regulators of FUT4 co-expression genes, checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) was linked to patient outcome.
The Cross-Cultural Academic Adaptation of Chinese Students in an American University: Academic Challenges, Influential Factors and Coping Strategies

Most of the studies on international students’ cross-cultural adaptation focused on their sociocultural and psychological adaptation, few studies have specifically addressed international students’ experiences with academic adaptation. This study examines the academic challenges, influential factors and coping strategies of the Chinese students on an American university campus. The research was based on the responses of 122 Chinese students to a cross-cultural academic adaptation questionnaire and interviews with 14 Chinese students at the same American university. The results show that the main academic challenges that Chinese students had were English language proficiency, American university classroom culture and policies, different learning strategies and ways of thinking, and academic writing. Both male students and female students had difficulties in cross-cultural academic adaptation, with no statistical significant gender difference in cross-cultural academic adaptation; graduate students outperformed undergraduates in cross-cultural academic adaptation; length of stay in U.S was positively correlated with Chinese students’ cross-cultural adaptation. Specific coping strategies were also identified.
Effects of an early warning system on student absence and completion in Norwegian upper secondary schools: a cluster-randomised study

ABSTRACT This cluster-randomised study investigated the effects of a Norwegian early warning system, the IKO model. IKO is a Norwegian acronym for identification, assessment, and follow-up, and the model aims to improve schools’ abilities to identify and support students who are at risk of dropping out during the school year. The study involved 7677 first-year students in 42 upper secondary schools, 20 schools randomised to the experimental group and 22 to the control group, and utilised administrative data. Two-level logistic and linear regression models with students nested in schools were applied. After two school years, there were no significant effects on absence from lectures, completion rates, or academic results. The analyses did not indicate stronger effects among students at risk of dropout before entering upper secondary education than among students in general.
Multimodel evaluation of longitudinal stream temperature gradient and dominant influencing factors in Michigan streams

Stream temperature is an important determinant of fish growth, migration, and survival and can thus impact the structure and function of stream ecosystems. Many streams in Michigan and elsewhere in North America receive groundwater inputs that help regulate instream conditions by stabilizing discharge as well as stream temperature. However, groundwater withdrawal can cause reductions in streamflow which typically results in increased summer stream temperatures. Other atmospheric and hydrologic variables (i.e., overland discharge) also impact the rate at which stream temperature changes as it flows downstream. We deployed paired up‐ and downstream water pressure and temperature loggers within 21 stream reaches throughout the state of Michigan to quantify and model relationships between stream discharge, air temperature, and longitudinal change in stream temperature (i.e., temperature gradient). Using multimodel selection criteria, we evaluated the performance of a hierarchical suite of models that predict temperature gradient as a function of potential driving variables. The multimodel selection criteria identified a best‐fitting model that was able to model the diurnal, seasonal, and annual variations in rates of longitudinal temperature fluctuations across most sample streams. Partial regression analysis indicated that proxy variables representing solar radiation at the stream surface were generally the most influential predictors of longitudinal changes in stream temperature, but air temperature and components of streamflow including groundwater input were significant predictors and important in many streams.
NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanism and its role in autoimmune liver disease

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein binding compound comprising NLRP3, connector protein ASC, and effector protein pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome senses a danger signal from the host or pathogen, activated caspase-1 cleaves the precursors of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 into mature proinflammatory cytokines, simultaneously causing lysis via the pore-forming protein gasdermin D. This induction of cell inflammatory pyroptosis suggests that it is a key process in the innate immune response to pathogens or cellular stress. Recent studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome also plays an important role in regulating autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosclerotic cholangitis. In this review, we summarize the structure, activation and modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, highlight the progress in research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the occurrence and development of autoimmune liver diseases, and discuss potential strategies for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.
Lupus anticoagulant associates with thrombosis in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to intensive care units: A retrospective cohort study

Thrombosis is a frequent and severe complication in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is a strong acquired risk factor for thrombosis in various diseases and is frequently observed in patients with COVID‐19. Whether LA is associated with thrombosis in patients with severe COVID‐19 is currently unclear.
New lower bounds on the error probability of a given block code

A novel technique for deriving lower bounds on the error probability when communicating one of M signals over a communication channel is proposed. At the basis of the technique stands an improvement on a recent lower bound on the probability of a union of events by de Caen (1997). The new bound includes a function which can be optimized in order to achieve the tightest results. By applying this bound to the problem of lower bounding the error probability, while suggesting an appropriate optimization function, in the spirit of the relevant channel model and type of the code, new bounds on the error probability can be derived. In this paper we apply the new bound to the problem of lower bounding the error probability of binary linear codes over the binary symmetric channel (BSC). The resulting bound improves on the latest bound appearing in the current literature, by Keren and Litsyn (2000).
To evaluate clinical spectrum of megaloblastic anemia in a tertiary care hospital central India

Background: Megaloblastic anaemia is one of the frequently occurring diseases in a developing country such as India. Megaloblastic anemia occurs mainly because of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. Proper clinical assessment of megaloblastic anemia is very important for diagnosis and treatment. Aim and Objective: assessment of clinical profile of megaloblastic anemia in different age group, central Indian population. Material &Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out at a tertiary care centre, Madhya Pradesh, India. The patients who presented with clinical features of megaloblastic anemia in medical outpatient department were evaluated with complete blood count with RBC indices. Results: Of a total of 250 cases, 66 (26.4%) was diagnosed as megaloblastic anaemia. Commonly (34.8%) occurs in 16-30 years age group. More Frequent in vegetarians persons. Weakness/fatigue, anorexia and edema were the common presenting symptoms. Pallor hepato-splenomegaly and hyper pigmentation were the most common clinical signs. About 87.8%% of the patients presented with moderate to severe anemia. Conclusions: Megaloblastic anemia is common clinical problem with weakness, anorexia and pallor as major presentation. However some had neurological features
Determinants of Job Dissatisfaction and Its Impact on the Counterproductive Work Behavior of University Staff

The employee behavior literature is very much dominated by studies on “good” or “positive” behaviors, but relatively little has been researched on the negative attitudes and behaviors of people within the workplace, in particular, job dissatisfaction and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Therefore, the present study is intended to (1) investigate the influence of job stressors (i.e., role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, and organizational constraints) on job dissatisfaction among university staff and (2) examine the influence of job dissatisfaction on university staff’s CWB. Data was gathered through 266 questionnaires and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results revealed that organizational constraints, role overload, and role ambiguity are significant stressors that increase job dissatisfaction, which in turn, increase CWB. Thus, the findings highlight the vital role of specific job stressors (i.e., role overload, role ambiguity, and organizational constraints) in causing job dissatisfaction and CWB among university staff. The findings contribute to the stressor-emotion model and Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
How Campus Alienation Exacerbated International Students’ Difficulties in Accessing Campus Services Remotely During COVID-19: Notes on Policy and Programming

The declining trend of international student enrollment in the United States has been investigated from the standpoint of social discrimination, and more recently, by accounting for the compounding effects of COVID-19-based campus closures and remote learning operations. The purpose of this study was to explore whether experiences of campus alienation are related to difficulties international students faced while accessing campus services remotely. A survey was developed and validated for the study. It was completed by 417 international students attending US postsecondary institutions. A canonical correlation was conducted to evaluate the multivariate shared relationships between campus exclusion, COVID-19 racism, and country of origin as one set of variables, and difficulties accessing campus services remotely (DASCR) and international travel difficulties as the other set. Results revealed one significant canonical function; this model explained 27% of variance shared between the two variable sets. Indicators of shared variance provided evidence for significant relationships between experiences characterizing campus alienation and DASCR. Implications are drawn in light of policy and program development, and practical examples are provided for postsecondary educators on how to offer pertinent outreach to their international students and advocate for inclusive campus policies in managing international student engagement remotely during campus closure.