Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumers’ acceptance of social commerce during COVID-19 lockdown

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic changed everything, especially marketing, leading to increased digital usage. Social media allows faster connectivity among people and gives marketers new pathways to engage with consumers. The lockdown dramatically reduced economic activity by numbers that are worth understanding. This study examines the numerous aspects contributing to the consumer’s favorable opinions toward their social commerce intents and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using SEM, the data examination of 297 respondents established that applying the social support theory and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model to the proposed theoretical framework is significantly associated with social commerce intentions. The results state that all the direct hypotheses have been supported, confirming that social support, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, offline subjective norms, and online subjective norms are significantly associated with social commerce intentions. The results also indicated that Information Technology Infrastructure (ITI) moderated social support, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and online subjective norms.
Review: Mask R-CNN Models

Instance segmentation is a challenging computer vision task that requires the prediction of object instances and their per-pixel segmentation mask. This makes it a hybrid of semantic segmentation and object detection. It detects and delineates each distinct object of interest appearing in an image. Mask R-CNN model is common for instance segmentation that has several versions for improving this task. We proposed a simple comparison between Fifteenth different version frameworks from Mask-RCNN for object instance segmentation. Our survey representing the difference between the popular versions of Mask R-CNN. The Mask R-CNN method extends Faster R-CNN by adding a branch for predicting an object mask in parallel with the existing branch for bounding box recognition. The results in most versions were implemented on of the COCO dataset that created for instance segmentation tasks.
Role of Hyaluronic Acid in Selected Malignant Neoplasms in Women

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a significant glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix, playing an essential role in cell localization and proliferation. However, high levels of HA may also correlate with multidrug resistance of tumor cells, an increased tendency to metastasize, or cancer progression, and thus represent a very unfavorable prognosis for cancer patients. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the results of studies describing the relationship between HA, the main ligand of the CD44 receptor, or other components of the HA signaling pathway. In addition, we review the course of selected female malignancies, i.e., breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, with the main focus on the mechanisms oriented to CD44. We also analyze reports on the beneficial use of HA-containing preparations in adjuvant therapy among patients with these types of cancer. Data from the literature suggest that HA and its family members may be critical prognostic biomarkers of selected malignancies among women. Nevertheless, the results of the available studies are inconclusive, and the actual clinical significance of HA expression analysis is still quite enigmatic. In our opinion, the HA-CD44 signaling pathway should be an attractive target for future research related to targeted therapy in gynecological cancers.
Assessing the Heat Generation and Self-Heating Mechanism of Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Application: The Effects of Concentration, Frequency, and Magnetic Field

Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit favorable heating responses under magnetic excitation, which makes them particularly suited for various hyperthermia applications. Herein, we report the detailed self-heating mechanisms of MNPs prepared via the Ko-precipitation Hydrolytic Basic (KHB) methodology. The as-prepared MNPs were fully characterized using various spectroscopic techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). MNPs exhibited stable 15 nm quasi-spherical small-sized particles, pure crystalline cubic Fe3O4 phases, high saturation magnetizations (Ms = ~40 emu·g−1), and superparamagnetic behavior. In response to alternating magnetic fields (AMFs), these MNPs displayed excellent self-heating efficiencies with distinctive heating responses, even when minimal doses of MNPs were used. Heating efficacies and specific absorption rate (SAR) values as functions of concentration, frequency, and amplitude were systematically investigated. Remarkably, within only a few minutes, MNPs (2.5 mg/mL) showed a rapid dissipation of heat energy, giving a maximum intrinsic loss power (ILP) of 4.29 nHm2/kg and a SAR of 261 W/g. Hyperthermia temperatures were rapidly reached in as early as 3 min and could rise up to 80 °C. In addition, Rietveld refinement, Langevin, and linear response theory (LRT) models were studied to further assess the magnetic and heating mechanisms. The LRT model was used to determine the Néel relaxation time (τR = 5.41 × 10−7 s), which was compared to the Brownian relation time value (τB = 11 × 10−7 s), showing that both mechanisms are responsible for heat dissipated by the MNPs. Finally, the cytotoxicity assay was conducted on aqueous dispersions of MNPs, indicating their biocompatibility and low toxicity. Our results strongly suggest that the as-prepared Fe3O4 MNPs are promising vehicles for potential magnetically triggered biomedical hyperthermia applications.
Dancing with change: a qualitative exploration of in-session motivation to change in the treatment of anorexia nervosa

ABSTRACT Objective Motivation is considered essential in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). However, the in-session nature of, and variables associated with, changes in motivation are only partially understood in this population. The aim of this study was to conduct an exploratory investigation of the in-session nature of motivation to change in people during cognitive behavioural therapy for anorexia nervosa (CBT-AN). Method Thirty-eight therapy-session transcripts from nine participants, collected as part of a larger multi-site randomised control trial, were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Two superordinate themes were generated: (i) betwixt and between; and (ii) rhythms of motivation. Two concurrent yet distinct rhythms of motivation were observed within and across participant sessions, with shifts in motivation occurring alongside identity (re)negotiations. Conclusions Findings highlight the complex and multifaceted nature of the in-session processes of motivational change in persons with AN, and support previous literature suggesting factors independent of treatment may facilitate tipping points of change. Furthermore, this study proposes that an integrated or dual-wave model of motivation may assist clinicians in understanding how they can better facilitate and support motivation for change in clients with AN during treatment. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Enhancing motivation is considered essential for improving treatment outcomes. Motivation is conceptualised as a dynamic process; however, it is typically assessed through quantitative self-report measures at set points during treatment. The in-session dynamics of motivation to change are poorly understood. What this topic adds: In-session motivation to change is a complex, multifaceted process closely associated with individual identity (re)negotiations. There may be dual processes of motivation occurring during treatment that are influenced by factors independent of treatment. A proposal for an integrated model of motivation for anorexia nervosa.
Fracture surface energy measurements of PMMA: a new experimental approach

Describes the results of experiments on notched and cracked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) beams which have been subjected to tensile and impact loading. The dynamic load was applied to the edge of the beam by a projectile (steel sphere) fired from an air gun. The amplitude of the stress pulse has been carefully chosen so as to create a crack propagation that could be recorded step by step. Special attention has been paid to measuring the fracture surface energy by the method of caustics using the second step of the propagating crack. A marked difference has been found in the fracture surface energy calculated by the method of caustics using the first or the second step of propagation. The influence of the notch width on the fracture surface energy has also been studied in connection with cracked specimens, where the cracks have been induced by fatigue. Finally, a comparison of the results of the present work with the corresponding experimental data or previous investigations has been made.
Background of Two Characteristic Features of Shape Memory Phenomena

The changes of Young ’s moduli accompanying martensitic transformation of binary shape memory (SM) alloys are explained on the basis of potentials of interatomic forces, and their shifts due to temperature changes. It is shown that not only qualitative, but even approximate quantitative agreement between such an explanation and experimental findings can be received if working with 3D analysis. On the basis of this concept, a mathematical model with tensorial internal variables for the description of thermomechanical behavior of binary SM alloys has been formulated. It is now shown that our model has a very important property that is generally observed and recognized - the linear relation between temperature and threshold stress level necessary for stress-induced martensite.
Functional Loss of Terminal Complement Complex Protects Rabbits from Injury-Induced Osteoarthritis on Structural and Cellular Level

The terminal complement complex (TCC) has been described as a potential driver in the pathogenesis of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). However, sublytic TCC deposition might also play a crucial role in bone development and regeneration. Therefore, we elucidated the effects of TCC on joint-related tissues using a rabbit PTOA model. In brief, a C6-deficient rabbit breed was characterized on genetic, protein, and functional levels. Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed in C6-deficient (C6−/−) and C6-sufficient (C6+/−) rabbits. After eight weeks, the progression of PTOA was determined histologically. Moreover, the structure of the subchondral bone was evaluated by µCT analysis. C6 deficiency could be attributed to a homozygous 3.6 kb deletion within the C6 gene and subsequent loss of the C5b binding site. Serum from C6−/− animals revealed no hemolytic activity. After ACLT surgery, joints of C6−/− rabbits exhibited significantly lower OA scores, including reduced cartilage damage, hypocellularity, cluster formation, and osteophyte number, as well as lower chondrocyte apoptosis rates and synovial prostaglandin E2 levels. Moreover, ACLT surgery significantly decreased the trabecular number in the subchondral bone of C6−/− rabbits. Overall, the absence of TCC protected from injury-induced OA progression but had minor effects on the micro-structure of the subchondral bone.
Analysis of inertance due to the higher order mode effects in a sudden area discontinuity

It is well known that an area discontinuity generates evanescent higher order modes even at low frequencies within the plane wave limit. The effect of these non-planar modes can be accounted for by their inertance effect in the form of a discontinuity inductance expressed as a function of the Karal correction factor. Earlier investigators have provided approximate expressions for this factor based on the analysis of coaxial discontinuities. In this paper, a 3-D finite element analysis is used to verify the results of earlier researchers for the coaxial discontinuities and to develop a simple, accurate and comprehensive expression for the Karal correction factor as a function of radius ratio, frequency and the offset distance for a generalized discontinuity.
Diagnosis and Treatment Pathway of MDR/RR-TB in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China

This study aims to understand MDR/RR-TB patients’ experience from seeking TB-related health care to diagnosis and treatment completion, as well as the social determinants with the waiting time for DST and treatment, pre-treatment attrition, and treatment outcome based on a retrospective cohort study. Univariate and multi-variate logistic regressions were used to analyze the associated factors. The median time of waiting time for DST and treatment was 24.00 and 30.00 days, respectively. Non-residential patients (aOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.14–7.70), registered before 2018 (aOR: 19.93, 95% CI: 8.99–48.51), first visited a county-level hospital (aOR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.08–21.67), sputum smear-negative (aOR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.28–10.16), and comorbid with pneumoconiosis (aOR: 7.10, 95% CI: 1.23–47.98) had a longer DST delay. The pre-treatment attrition was 26.9% (82/305). Elderly, non-residential patients and patients registered before 2018 were more likely to refuse MDR/RR treatment. However, in housekeeping/unemployment and farmer/fisherman, recurrent patients tended to take therapeutic measures actively. The successful treatment rate was 62.1% (105/169). Elderly, comorbidity with diabetes and sputum smear conversion time >1 month may lead to poorer outcomes. Immediate interventions should be taken to smooth diagnosis and treatment pathways and improve the social protections further so as to encourage patients to cooperate with the treatment actively.
Coupled ghost fluid/two‐phase level set method for curvilinear body‐fitted grids

A coupled ghost fluid/two‐phase level set method to simulate air/water turbulent flow for complex geometries using curvilinear body‐fitted grids is presented. The proposed method is intended to treat ship hydrodynamics problems. The original level set method for moving interface flows was based on Heaviside functions to smooth all fluid properties across the interface. We call this the Heaviside function method (HFM). The HFM requires fine grids across the interface. The ghost fluid method (GFM) has been designed to explicitly enforce the interfacial jump conditions, but the implementation of the jump conditions in curvilinear grids is intricate. To overcome these difficulties a coupled GFM/HFM method was developed in which approximate jump conditions are derived for piezometric pressure and velocity and pressure gradients based on exact continuous velocity and stress and jump in momentum conditions with the jump in density maintained but continuity of the molecular and turbulent viscosities imposed. The implementation of the ghost points is such that no duplication of memory storage is necessary. The level set method is adopted to locate the air/water interface, and a fast marching method was implemented in curvilinear grids to reinitialize the level set function. Validations are performed for three tests: super‐ and sub‐critical flow without wave breaking and an impulsive plunging wave breaking over 2D submerged bumps, and the flow around surface combatant model DTMB 5512. Comparisons are made against experimental data, HFM and single‐phase level set computations. The proposed method performed very well and shows great potential to treat complicated turbulent flows related to ship flows. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stellar Dynamo Waves: Asymptotic Configurations

We investigate the parameter space of a Parker dynamo with a simple alpha quenching nonlinearity, taking as governing parameters the dynamo number D (D<0) and the ratio of diffusion times in the radial and latitudinal directions in the convective zone. The latter parameter, μ, is connected with the aspect ratio (dimensionless thickness) of the convective zone. We isolate two asymptotic configuration of the dynamo waves excited by the Parker dynamo in the limiting case of strong generation. Apart from the standard case with the solar type dynamo wave travelling from mid-latitudes to the equator, we describe a form of dynamo activity which is basically an anharmonic standing wave. The first situation occurs when μ increases with |D|. With μ fixed and |D| increasing, the second asymptotic configuration occurs. We discuss possibilities of identifying these asymptotic configurations with various types of stellar activity as traced by stellar CaII data.
On the Theory of Thermal Polarization of Bodies in a Rarefied Gas Flow

Symmetry relations for the kinetic coefficients in the phenomenological equations of particle motion in non-uniform media are proven within the framework of the kinetic theory of gases. These coefficients characterize the phenomena of thermophoresis and thermal polarization. By means of hydrodynamics with slip boundary conditions the magnitude of the thermal polarization effect is calculated. A comparison of the theoretical calculations with recent experimental investigations of thermal polarization is carried out.
THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AND SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF THE H II REGIONS IN M33

We present Hα fluxes and sizes for most of the H 2 regions in M33 listed in the catalog of Courtès et al. (1987). The observed bright end of the differential luminosity function is approximately a power law with exponent a = -2.40 ± 0.15, while the number counts turn over at an Hα luminosity of approximately 1036.4 erg s-1. After accounting for the effects of incompleteness in our sample, we find that the faint end of the corrected luminosity function remains almost constant instead of turning over. The cumulative size distribution approximately follows an exponential law with scale size D0 = 32 ± 1 pc. We briefly discuss the implications of our results for our understanding of recent high-mass star formation in M3.
Evidence of Tribological Adaptation Controlled by Tribosynthesis of FeWO4 on an WC-Reinforced Electron Beam M2 Steel Coating Rubbed against a HSS Disk in a Range of Sliding Speeds

In the present work, the tribological experiments on sliding the electron beam composite M2+WC coating have been carried out with characterization of the sample microstructures and phases both before and after the testing using metallography, SEM, EDS, and XRD. The sliding in the speed range 0.8–3.6 m/s resulted in simultaneous reduction in both wear rate and coefficient of friction with the sliding speed. Investigations showed that such a tribological adaptation was due to the tribochemical generation of lubricative FeWO4 and Fe2WO6 mixed oxides and the generation of a mechanically mixed composite layer on the worn surfaces that consisted of carbide fragments, an oxidized metal matrix, and was lubricated by in-situ formed mixed iron-tungsten oxides.
The Simulation of the Southern Great Plains Nocturnal Boundary Layer and the Low-Level Jet with a High-Resolution Mesoscale Atmospheric Model

AbstractA field project over the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement–Cloud and Radiation Test Bed (ARM–CART) site during a period of several nights in September 2007 was conducted to explore the evolution of the low-level jet (LLJ). Data were collected from in situ (a multilevel tower) and remote (sodar) sensors, and the observed LLJ activity during the project was found to agree well with data from earlier studies regarding jet speed, height, and direction. To study nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) behavior, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System was used to simulate the ARM–CART NBL field experiment and was validated against the data collected from the site. This model was run at high resolution for calculating the interactions among the various motions within the boundary layer and their influence on the surface. The model faithfully simulated the formation and dissolution of the low-level nocturnal jet during a synoptic situation in which low pressure with warm southerly advection replaced high pressure.
Upstream Nonoscillatory Advection Schemes

Abstract Upstream nonoscillatory (UNO) advection schemes are derived by optimizing existing classical advection schemes and combining them in different monotonic zones to avoid flux limiters for simplicity. The UNO schemes are extended to irregular grids in the form of upstream midflux linear interpolation with symmetrical gradients and are adapted to multidimensions with an advective–conservative operator. They are given in finite-volume flux form and hence are consistent and conservative. They also preserve constancy and linear correlation. Implicit numerical diffusivity of these schemes is also derived and used as a guideline for the selection of advection schemes. One- and two-dimesional tests are used for comparisons with their classical counterparts. Multiple-cell grids are used to test the irregular grid formulation and demonstrate their performance. The simple second-order UNO2 scheme may be accurate enough when the physical diffusion or numerical smoothing term is larger than the numerical diffus.
In Silico Structural and Functional Analyses of NLRP3 Inflammasomes to Provide Insights for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases

Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic intracellular multiprotein complexes that control the innate immune system's activation of inflammation in response to derived chemicals. Recent advancements increased our molecular knowledge of activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. Although several studies have been done to investigate the role of inflammasomes in innate immunity and other diseases, structural, functional, and evolutionary investigations are needed to further understand the clinical consequences of NLRP3 gene. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural and functional impact of the NLRP3 protein by using a computational analysis to uncover putative protein sites involved in the stabilization of the protein-ligand complexes with inhibitors. This will allow for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying these interactions. It was found that human NLRP3 gene coexpresses with PYCARD, NLRC4, CASP1, MAVS, and CTSB based on observed coexpression of homologs in other species. The NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 is a key player in innate immunity and inflammation as the sensor subunit of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The inflammasome polymeric complex, consisting of NLRP3, PYCARD, and CASP1, is formed in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals (and possibly CASP4 and CASP5). Comprehensive structural and functional analyses of NLRP3 inflammasome components offer a fresh approach to the development of new treatments for a wide variety of human disorders.
Parametric Evaluation of the See Rate on the SEU and SEL Monitors Aboard the Alphasat Using the IRPP Model

Calculating single event effect (SEE) rates is essential to ensure space mission reliability. Standard methods rely on ground data, which is not fully representative of the space radiation environment. In this article, we evaluate these methods using SEE data collected during 5.5 years from the single event upset (SEU) and single event latch-up (SEL) monitors aboard the Alphasat spacecraft in geostationary orbit.