Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment the Severity of Asthma on Patients in Specialist Respiratory Center in Baghdad City

Abstract Objectives: The study aims to assess the patients’ asthma control and find out the association between the gender, age, marital status, educational level, employment, duration of disease. Methodology: descriptive Design study is starting from 5th January 2014 to the 15th August 2014 was This study was conducted at Al Zahra'a Center consultative for Allergy and Asthma, Clinic consultative for Chest and Respiratory Diseases, in Baghdad city. , purposive (non probability) sample consist of 100 patients, who attending to above centers,. Reliability of the questionnaires was determine by calculating Cronbach s' Coefficient alpha = . 89 . The Descriptive data analysis was done through frequency, percentage mean, standard deviation and relative sufficiency and inferential data analysis was done by chi-square, t-test and contingency coefficient. Results: The results of the present study showed that the female's patients more than males, most of the sample marriage and college graduated, the findings revealed there were significant association between The patients control of asthma with Emergency admission and employment. Conclusion: the study show high percentage (67%) of the study samples were uncontrolled, (28%) from samples were partial controlled and (5%) from samples were controlled. Recommendations: This study provides evidence of poor asthma control According to present findings the researcher recommends to prepare educational program related to implement suitable interventions to improve asthma management according to standard treatment guidelines in the health establishment Keyword: asthma, severity of disease
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Additional new species of Grouvellinus Champion 1923 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Elmidae) discovered by citizen scientists and DNA barcoded in the field applying a novel MinION-based workflow

Statement of Retraction We, the Editor and Publisher of Journal of Natural History, have retracted the following article: Hendrik Freitag, Christian Molls, Aglaia M. Bouma, Jhoana M. Garces, Marzia Rossato, Emanuela Cosentino & Massimo Delledonne (2019) Additional new species of Grouvellinus Champion 1923 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Elmidae) discovered by citizen scientists and DNA barcoded in the field applying a novel MinION-based workflow, Journal of Natural History, 53:41-42, 2593-2620, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019. 1709669 The collection permit from Sabah Biodiversity Centre in Malaysia does not allow for the publication of these data, which formed the basis of the article above. The authors were made aware of this problem with their permit by the Sabah Biodiversity Centre following publication of their paper, and informed Taylor & Francis promptly. They have been fully cooperative with the publisher and the Sabah Biodiversity Centre and have agreed to the necessary action. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.
Comparison of β-Hydroxylase Enzyme 11 Serum in Obese, Overweight, and Normoweight Young Men

Background : Previous studies showed that cardiovascular risk factor was increased in obese and overweight subjects. Obesity and cardiovascular risk factor are associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity that causes hypercortisolism, cortisol level is associated with cardiovascular risk factor on obesity. 11 β-hydroxylase is an enzyme that involved in cortisol synthesis. The aim of this study was to investigate 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration in obesity, overweight, and normal weight young men. Subjects and Method : This was analytic-observational study using cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at HKBP Nommensen University, Medan. The study subjects included by 76 young men aged 18-28 years old, consisting of 25 obese subjects, 25 overweight, and 25 normoweight. The concentration of 11 β-Hydroxylase was evaluated in blood sample after 10 hours fasting. The data was analyzed bivariately. Results: Mean of 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration was 52.76 ± 44.27 in obese subjects, 70.16 ± 46.83 in overweight subjects, and 43.42 ± 27.75 in normoweight subjects. The 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration in overweight subjects was statistically higher than normoweight subjects (p = 0.007), but the 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration on obese subjects statistically was not different from normoweight subjects (p = 0.362). Conclusion: The 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration on overweight subject is higher than normoweight subject. There is no difference of 11 β-Hydroxylase concentration on obese and normoweight subject. Mitochondrial stress and mitochondrial failure mechanism on overweight and obesity merit further investigation. Keywords : 11 β-Hydroxylase, cortisol, obesity, overweight Correspondence: Jenny Novina Sitepu. Faculty of Medicine, HKBP Nommensen Medan University, Medan. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(1): 71-75 https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016. 01.01. 09
Social Interaction Training to Reduce Police Use of Force

Controversial incidents involving uses of force by police in recent years have led to calls for improving officers’ de-escalation skills. A more fruitful approach to police training reform may be a broader focus on improving officers’ social interaction skills. By viewing all police-citizen encounters as social interactions that can either escalate toward or de-escalate away from the use of force, police training can develop what other fields call a “deliberate, repetitive practice” framework. This article describes the implementation of a randomized trial that brought such training to two U.S. police agencies and yielded encouraging results. We conclude that the conceptual framework was generally well received but that results depended heavily on the selection and performance of each agency’s own trainers.
Technological Forecasting & Social Change

This research analyzes the cumulative trajectory of Brazilian industry's ability to innovate and the impact of this resource on ﬁ rms' ﬁ nancial performance. From a broad base of data taken at the ﬁ rm level, a cross-sectional analysis and a longitudinal analysis were combined, through structural equation modelling, in the construction of the trajectory of resource innovation with the combined use of the following techniques: a multilevel model, latent trajectory analysis, and an autoregressive model. The empirical model shows that the ability to innovate consists of factors that are associated with internal, external, and human resources. The in ﬂ uence on ﬁ nancial performance is positive and signi ﬁ cant when the analysis involves the long term. The autoregressive e ﬀ ect of the ability to innovate in time is not signi ﬁ cant, suggesting that the innovation process is cumulative, interactive, and nonlinear. These results are relevant to emerging countries that require continued public policies and a greater intensity of business investment in the innovation process, aiming at the longevity of companies.
Business District Development and Competition: An Exploration of Structural Evolution in the Retail Districts of Denton, Texas

Abstract A substantial literature has established the competitive impacts of retail chain development on single location retail businesses. This study explores the characteristics of these impacts at the local level through analysis of the structure of five distinctive retail districts in Denton, Texas. The analysis focuses on Denton’s central business district (CBD), a traditional retail strip, a special retail district, an enclosed shopping mall, and a power retail center. The empirical foundation for the investigation is a business database covering the years 1997 to 2010. This database captures location, industry, and firm status (single versus chain location) for each business operating in the city. Through the study period, the single versus chain location relationship did not substantially change within any of the districts. However, all five retail districts experienced decreasing retail diversity, indicating a greater focus on specific business types. Denton’s power retail center focused on chain restaurants and big box stores, while the CBD shifted from low-end retail to local food and drinking establishments. Both of these leading districts appear to have developed unique competitive advantages, In the CBD’s case this is especially instructive given the many other cities where chains have out-competed local retailers and associated business clusters.
‘Isn’t it mostly girls that do pre-drinks really?’ Young men and women’s accounts of pre-loading in the UK

Abstract Aims: Pre-loading, the consumption of off-sale alcohol within private settings before socialising in licenced premises, is common among young people. The research explored young people’s accounts of pre-loading within their experience of wider peer group drinking occasions in the UK. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with peer groups of young people (N = 70, 16–21 years) and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Pre-loading with friends prior to a ‘night out’ drinking in public spaces was a common sequential practice within their collective drinking experiences. Although traditionally conceptualised within policy, academic and media discourse as drinking in the domestic sphere before entering licenced premises, young people also considered drinking within the home prior to attending private parties (e.g. house parties) as pre-loading. Price was represented as a key, yet not sole, motivating factor and pre-drinking alcohol held importance in reaching a desired state of intoxication that enhanced shared fun and pleasure among both young men and women. However, the social (e.g. chatting with friends, taking photographs) and preparatory activities (e.g. ‘getting ready’) at play during pre-loading appeared to hold more importance to young women, in promoting group bonding and in the creation and management of heterosexual feminine identities both on- and off-line. Conclusions: Although price is important, there is a wider social and cultural significance of pre-loading as a gendered phenomenon. Young people apply a wider definition of pre-loading that incorporated the consumption of off-sale alcohol prior to parties within private settings.
The Smartphone as a Pacifying Technology

In light of consumers’ growing dependence on their smartphones, this article investigates the nature of the relationship that consumers form with their smartphone and its underlying mechanisms. We propose that in addition to obvious functional benefits, consumers in fact derive emotional benefits from their smartphone, in particular, feelings of psychological comfort and, if needed, actual stress relief. In other words, in a sense, smartphones are not unlike “adult pacifiers. ” This psychological comfort arises from a unique combination of properties that turn smartphones into a reassuring presence for their owners: the portability of the device, its personal nature, the subjective sense of privacy experienced while on the device, and the haptic gratification it affords. Results from one large-scale field study and three laboratory experiments support the proposed underlying mechanisms and document downstream consequences of the psychological comfort that smartphones provide. The findings show, for example, that (a) in moments of stress, consumers exhibit a greater tendency to seek out their smartphone (study 2); and (b) engaging with one’s smartphone provides greater stress relief than engaging in the same activity with a comparable device such as one’s laptop (study 3) or a similar smartphone belonging to someone else (study 4).
THU0099 The 2010 classification criteria and a more aggressive treatment strategy improve clinical outcomes in seropositive but not seronegative rheumatoid arthritis

Background Current guidelines recommend an early and intensive treatment in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the 2010 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria were developed with the aim of allowing earlier diagnosis and treatment (1,2). Recent studies highlighted some differences in disease activity between seropositive and seronegative RA patients at disease onset (3). Objectives To investigate whether the application of the 2010 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria and a more aggressive treatment strategy improve clinical outcomes in patients with early RA irrespective of the autoantibody status. Methods 584 early, treatment-naïve RA patients were recruited in the years 2005–2014. RA diagnosis was made according to the ACR 1987 criteria in 2005–2010 (n=360, cohort 1987), and to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria in 2011–2014 (n=224, cohort 2010). Patients were classified in autoantibody (Ab)-negative (negative rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) and Ab-positive (RF and/or ACPA positive). Methotrexate (MTX) was used at the initial dosage of 10 mg/week in cohort 1987, and 15 mg/week in cohort 2010, and progressively increased if low disease activity (LDA) (DAS28≤3.2) was not met. The frequency and predictors of LDA and clinical remission (DAS28<2.6) over 6 months were assessed by Cox regression. Results In Ab-negative patients, LDA and clinical remission were achieved in 62.8% and 37.2% of the cases, and the 2010 cohort did not show significantly improved outcomes (HR [95% CI] 0.86 [0.611.23] for LDA$;$ 1.04 [0.651.69] for remission) (Figure 1A,B). In contrast, in Ab-positive patients, the application of the 2010 classification criteria and higher dosages of MTX were associated with increased frequency of LDA after adjustment for confounders (age, sex, prednisone, baseline DAS28$;$ HR [95% CI] 1.39 [1.012]) (Figure 1C). Clinical remission was achieved in 41.3% of the cases, compared to 29.6% in the 1987 cohort (p=0.17) (Figure 1D). Conclusions Early diagnosis and a more aggressive treatment strategy with MTX lead to significantly improved outcomes in autoantibody positive RA. The management of seronegative patients remains suboptimal. References Smolen JS et al. Treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: 2014 update of the recommendations of an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. Aletaha D et al. 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an ACR/EULAR collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 2010. Nordberg LB et al. Patients with seronegative RA have more inflammatory activity compared with patients with seropositive RA in an inception cohort of DMARD naive patients classified according to 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. Ann Rheum Dis 2017. Disclosure of Interest None declared
PeerWise and Pathology: Discontinuing a teaching innovation that did not achieve its potential

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction Writing and answering multiple choice questions (MCQs) is a learning activity that potentially engages deep learning. We conducted three year-long case studies of MCQ writing and answering in PeerWise to engage students in learning Pathology. Methods Overall, an instrumental case-study design with the structure of sequential multiple case studies was used. Across three years fourth year medical students were required to write and answer MCQs. In 2016 students were provided with advice for writing questions and were encouraged to adhere to Bloom’s taxonomy. In 2017, to reduce cognitive load, students were provided with a MCQ template and allocated topics. In 2018, to encourage engagement, students were informed that the top forty MCQs would be in the final exam. Results An evaluation survey was used to measure each student’s perception of the MCQ exercise. In 2016 most students had a negative opinion of the MCQ exercise. Students found writing MCQs too time consuming and demanding. In 2017 student’s attitudes to the MCQ exercise were more positive. In 2018 there were insufficient responses to the survey but informal student feedback suggested the MCQ exercise was considered an inefficient use of student study time. There were minimal changes in student’s activity levels from 2016 to 2017. However, in 2018 when students were informed that the top forty MCQs generated would be included in their final exam they answered a greater number of MCQs than in previous years. Conclusions Providing students with templates and assigning topics for MCQs may improve student attitudes toward MCQ writing and including student generated MCQs in the final exam encourages students to answer more MCQs. However, due to high demands on their time, medical students’ prioritised efficiency and MCQ writing may not be an efficient strategy for deep learning.
Consumers Complain More Fiercely Through Small-Screen Devices: The Role of Spatial Crowding Perception

Previous research has mainly focused on the determinants of consumers’ complaint channel choices. Little attention has been paid to the behavioral consequences of different complaint channels, particularly different complaint devices. Drawing on spatial crowding perception theory, this study finds that in an online complaint context, consumers’ complaint intensity is shaped by complaint devices that differ in screen size. Crowding perception produced by visually restrictive tension mediates the relationship between the screen size of the complaint device and the complaint intensity. The results of secondary data confirm that consumers’ complaint intensity is higher while complaining through a small-screen device (as opposed to a large-screen one). Three scenario-based experiments are conducted to examine the role of perceived spatial crowding in producing a more intense complaint behavior when complaints are submitted through smaller screen devices (as opposed to larger screen devices). The fourth experiment reveals that crowding perception can be lessened by adjusting certain design elements of the interface, ultimately mitigating the intensity of the complaint submitted through a small-screen device. Our research identifies the specific causality and underlying mechanism of the influence of device type on consumers’ postconsumption behavior, thus contributing to clarify some ambiguities in the literature.
Analyzing the Determinants of Financial Distress in Indonesian Mining Companies

Purpose: The objective of the study is to analyze the effect of leverage, liquidity and managerial ownership on financial distress at mining companies in Indonesia. The study also examines the moderating role of profitability on the effects of leverage, liquidity and managerial ownership on financial distress. Design/Methodology/Approach: The population of this study is 41 mining sector companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2013-2015. There are 17 companies as the sample of the study taken by purposive sampling method; then there are 51 units of analysis which are suitable to the predetermined criteria. Data are analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression for inferential conclusions. Findings: The results of the study show that the leverage has a positive effect on financial distress. Then, liquidity and managerial ownership do not have any effect on financial distress. Furthermore, profitability as the moderating variable is not proven to moderate the effect of leverage and managerial ownership on financial distress. However, profitability is proven to moderate significantly the effect of liquidity on financial distress. Practical Implications: This study has the guidance and or feedback to the company management to avoid financial distress. Originality/Value: The research places profitability as the moderating variable to analyze the simultaneous effect among leverage, liquidity, managerial ownership with profitability on financial distress. Then, it takes the mining sector companies as the sample to be analysed.
CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED GENITAL DISORDERS IN SAHRAOUI FEMALE CAMELS (CAMELUS DROMEDARIUS) AT EL OUED ABATTOIR, SOUTH-EAST ALGERIA

The present study was carried out to highlight the prevalence and the incidence of the genital tract abnormalities in Sahraoui female camels at south-east Algeria. One hundred and sixty five (165) animals were examined at El Oued abattoir before and after slaughter from February 2013 to August 2014. The prevalence of female camels with genital tract pathologies was 20.0 %. The total number of identified genital tract pathologies was 41, representing an incidence of 124.2 %. These pathological conditions were ranked in descending order of incidence: ovarian disorders (48.8 %), uterine pathologies (21.1 %), ovarian bursal pathologies (18.2 %) oviducts affections (18.2 %), adhesions (15.2 %) and pathology of the cervix (3.0 %). The prevalence of dominant pathologies was 7.9 % for ovarian cysts, 3.6 % for oviduct lesions, 2.4 % for infundibular cyst, 1.8 % for chronic endometritis and 1.8 % for tubo-ovarian adhesion. This study is the first report of uterine agenesis in camel from Algeria. The number of female camels with multiple pathologies (two or three pathologies) was 6, representing prevalence of 3.6 %. Higher prevalence of female camels with genital disorders was recorded in >10 years old, high BCS and during the dry season. However, a nonsignificant chi-square dependence test (p>0.05) was observed for the risk factors. In conclusion, the ovarian, uterine, and bursal pathologies were most commonly recorded in the genital tracts of the female camels from south east, Algeria. Their contribution in the reduction of fertility and fecundity of local herds needs further investigation.
To assess depth of cure and hardness of bulk-fill composites

Background: The increased usage of direct chair-side application of resin composite for restoring cavities in the anterior and posterior dentition has continued despite their technique sensitivity and limited depth of cure. The present study was conducted to assess depth of cure and hardness of bulk-fill composites. Materials & Methods: The present in vitro study was conducted in department of Endodontics. It comprised of 3 RBC material-Tetric N-Ceram bulk fill (TNCBF), Tetric Evoflow bulk fill (TEFBF) and Surefil SDR bulk-fill (SDRBF). Hardness of materials was estimated in all materials. Results: Materials used in the study was Tetric N-Ceram bulk fill (TNCBF), Tetric Evoflow bulk fill (TEFBF) and Surefil SDR bulk-fill (SDRBF) were placed in group I, II and III respectively. The mean hardness value of group I material at top was 45.2 and at bottom was 32.5, in group II at top was 41.0 and at bottom was 33.6, in group III at top was 38.2 and at bottom was 34.1. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that hardness value of Tetric N-Ceram bulk fill material was highest among all restorative materials.