Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Don't Let Netflix Drive the Bus: User's Sense of Agency Over Time and Content Choice on Netflix

Users often turn to subscription video on demand (SVOD) platforms for entertainment. However, these platforms sometimes employ manipulative tactics that undermine a user's sense of agency over time and content choice to increase their share of a user's attention. Prior research has investigated how interface designs affect a user's sense of agency on social media and YouTube. For example, YouTube's autoplay left users feeling like they had less control over their time. We extend this work by investigating the design elements of Netflix, the most used SVOD, for the impact they have on users' senses of agency. We conducted interviews with 20 participants that used Netflix regularly, asking about their experiences and perceptions of features in the Netflix platform design that may affect their sense of agency. We found that a user's sense of agency was at odds with the platform's design. Users, who were often seeking entertainment for mood management, were met with features that encouraged watching more than they originally planned to and watching content they may not otherwise watch. We discuss design recommendations that Netflix could employ to reaffirm their users' agency.
Immediate Effects Of Single Session Post Isometric Relaxation Muscle Energy Technique Versus Mulligan’s Bent Leg Raise Technique On Pain And Hamstring Flexibility In Knee Osteoarthritis Participants: A Randomised Controlled Study

Aim: To compare the effects of Muscle energy technique (MET),Mulligan’s bent leg raise technique (BLR) and MH(moist heat) in relieving pain, improving hamstring flexibility and physical function in participants with OA knee. Objectives : 1)To study the effects of all three groups. Materials and Methods : Out of 112 respondents, 90 eligible participants who fulfilled the selection criteria were randomly assigned into three groups (Group A: PIR-MET+MH;Group B:BLR+MH and Control Group C: MH + static stretching group, n=30 in each group). Outcome measures were recorded at baseline and immediately after interventionand consisted of pain assessment using Visual analog scale (VAS),WOMAC scale for OA and active knee extension test (AKE) to assess the flexibility of hamstring muscles. Results: PIR-MET and BLR group were significantly effective (p<0.05) in reducing pain,improving hamstrings flexibility and physical function whereas the MH group did not(p>0.05). However, it was found that BLR resulted in statistically significant and clinically greater improvement compared to PIR-MET and control intervention. Conclusion: The finding shows that a single session PIR-MET intervention as well as BLR leads to significant improvement in pain, hamstring flexibility and functional outcome in OA knee. The study provided a controlled evaluation of a single session of PIR-MET and Mulligan’s BLR technique on its effects to pain, hamstring flexibility and physical function in knee OA participants. The finding shows that a single session PIR-MET intervention as well as BLR leads to significant improvement in pain, hamstring flexibility and functional outcome compared to control intervention (MH+ conventional stretching). However, it was found that BLR resulted in statistically significant and clinically greater improvement compared to PIR-MET and control intervention.
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle hysics Confronting the concordance model of cosmology with Planck data

We confront the concordance (standard) model of cosmology, the spatially ﬂat ΛCDM Universe with power-law form of the primordial spectrum with Planck CMB angular power spectrum data searching for possible smooth deviations beyond the ﬂexibility of the standard model. The departure from the concordance cosmology is modeled in the context of Crossing statistic and statistical signiﬁcance of this deviation is used as a measure to test the consistency of the standard model to the Planck data. Derived Crossing functions suggest the presence of some broad features in angular spectrum beyond the expectations of the concordance model. Our results indicate that the concordance model of cosmology is consistent to the Planck data only at 2 to 3 σ conﬁdence level if we allow smooth deviations from the angular power spectrum given by the concordance model. This might be due to random ﬂuctuations or may hint towards smooth features in the primordial spectrum or departure from another aspect of the standard model. Best ﬁt Crossing functions indicate that there are lack of power in the data at both low- (cid:96) and high- (cid:96) with respect to the concordance model. This hints that we may need some modiﬁcations in the foreground modeling to resolve the signiﬁcant inconsistency at high- (cid:96) . However, presence of some systematics at high- (cid:96) might be another reason for the deviation we found in our analysis.
Compactification driven hilltop inflation in Einstein-Yang-Mills theory

Starting from Einstein-Yang-Mills theory in higher dimensions with an instanton on a compact sphere, we dimensionally reduce to find an effective four-dimensional action describing 'hilltop' inflation. Using recent CMB data, we analyze the parameter space of this model to search for viable setups. One unique feature of this class of inflationary models is that the value of the inflaton field, or alternatively, the size of the compact sphere, is stabilized dynamically during the inflationary process.
Discriminating electroweak-ino parameter ordering at the LHC and its impact on LFV studies

Current limit on the dark matter relic abundance may suggest that |� | should be smaller than prediction in the minimal supergravity scenario (mSUGRA) for moderate m0 and m 1/2 . The electroweak-ino parameter M1, M2 and |� | are then much closer to each other. This can be realized naturally in the non-universal Higgs mass model (NUHM). Since the heaviest neutralino (˜ χ 0 ) and chargino (˜ χ ± ) have significant gaugino components, they may appear frequently in the left-handed squark decay and then be detectable at the LHC. In such a case, we showed that the hierarchy of M1, M2 and |� | can be determined. In the light slepton mass scenario with non-vanishing lepton-flavor violation (LFV) in the right-handed sector, NUHM with small |� | corresponds to region of parameter space where strong cancellation among leading contributions to Br(� → eγ) can occur. We showed that determination of electroweak-ino hierarchy plays a crucial role in resolving cancellation point of Br(� → eγ) and determination of LFV parameters. We also discussed test of the universality of the slepton masses at the LHC and the implications to SUSY flavor models.
Nutritional Counseling Improves Dietary Diversity and Feeding Habits of Zambian Malnourished Children Admitted in Rainbow Nutritional Programs

70 Nutritional Counseling Improves Dietary Diversity and Feeding Habits of Zambian Malnourished Children Admitted in Rainbow Nutritional Programs Moramarco S,1,2 Amerio G,2 Chafula Muyaba L,3,2 Bonvecchio D,1 Abramo E,1 Palombi L,1 Buonomo E.1 1 Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy 2 Rainbow Project, Association Pope John 23rd, Zambia 3 Ndola Teaching Hospital, Zambia
QUANTIFYING PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT ERRORS IN THE ABSENCE OF SPECTROSCOPIC REDSHIFTS

Much of the science that is made possible by multiwavelength redshift surveys requires the use of photometric redshifts. But as these surveys become more ambitious, and as we seek to perform increasingly accurate measurements, it becomes crucial to take proper account of the photometric redshift uncertainties. Ideally the uncertainties can be directly measured using a comparison with spectroscopic redshifts, but this may yield misleading results since spectroscopic samples are frequently small and not representative of the parent photometric samples. We present a simple and powerful empirical method to constrain photometric redshift uncertainties in the absence of spectroscopic redshifts. Close pairs of galaxies on the sky have a significant probability of being physically associated and therefore of lying at nearly the same redshift. The difference in photometric redshifts in close pairs is therefore a measure of the redshift uncertainty. Some observed close pairs will arise from chance projections along the line of sight, but it is straightforward to perform a statistical correction for this effect. We demonstrate the technique using both simulated data and actual observations, and discuss how its usefulness can be limited by the presence of systematic photometric redshift errors. Finally, we use this technique to show how photometric redshift accuracy can depend on galaxy type.
5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Potentiates the Effectiveness of Doxorubicin in Ewing Sarcomas

Ewing sarcomas (ES) are aggressive primary bone tumors that require radical therapy. Promising low toxicity, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) could enhance the effectiveness of conventional treatment modalities (e.g., doxorubicin (DOX)), improving, thus, the anti-tumorigenic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of DOX and 5-ALA PDT alone or in combination on three different human ES cell lines. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cellular stiffness were measured 24 h after PDT (blue light-wavelength 436 nm with 5-ALA) with or without DOX. ES cell lines have a different sensitivity to the same doses and exposure of 5-ALA PDT. DOX in combination with 5-ALA PDT was found to be effective in impairing the viability of all ES cells while also increasing cytotoxic activity by high ROS production. The stiffness of the ES cells increased significantly (p < 0.05) post treatment. Overall, our results showed that across multiple ES cell lines, 5-ALA PDT can successfully and safely be combined with DOX to potentiate the therapeutic effect. The 5-ALA PDT has the potential to be a highly effective treatment when used alone or in conjunction with other treatments. More research is needed to assess the effectiveness of 5-ALA PDT in in vivo settings.
Technical Efficiency of Firms, A Comparison Study for Family and Non-Family-Owned Businesses in Southeast Asian Countries

This is a comparative study on firm efficiency, a proxy for firm performance, between family-owned business (FOB) and non-family-owned business (non-FOB). This study aims to determine a firms' efficiency by comparing FOB and non-FOB in Southeast Asia countries. The efficiency ratios for five Southeast Asian countries were estimated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), before a two-sample T-test to determine the differences between FOBs and non-FOBs. Hence, secondary data research techniques from each country from 2007 to 2016 were used to conduct the comparison. The data were gathered from various sources. The findings did not archive any comparison in performance among FOBs and non-FOBs. This finding is fundamental for the Board of Director (BOD), senior management of the firms, researchers, policymakers, scholastics, and the overall population. , Ceteris paribus, both FOB and non-FOB, ought to work at a similar efficiency even out and have the option to produce comparative returns for their shareholders. Subsequently, stakeholders can compare treatments to assist in alleviating the dependency on two unique treatments or strategies when managing FOB and non- FOB. In short, it could expand the BOD and management efficiency.
A NEW METHOD TO CONSTRAIN SUPERNOVA FRACTIONS USING X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES

Supernova (SN) explosions enrich the intracluster medium (ICM) both by creating and dispersing metals. We introduce a method to measure the number of SNe and relative contribution of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and core-collapse supernovae (SNe cc) by directly fitting X-ray spectral observations. The method has been implemented as an XSPEC model called snapec. snapec utilizes a single-temperature thermal plasma code (apec) to model the spectral emission based on metal abundances calculated using the latest SN yields from SN Ia and SN cc explosion models. This approach provides a self-consistent single set of uncertainties on the total number of SN explosions and relative fraction of SN types in the ICM over the cluster lifetime by directly allowing these parameters to be determined by SN yields provided by simulations. We apply our approach to XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC), Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS), and 200 ks simulated Astro-H observations of a cooling flow cluster, A3112. We find that various sets of SN yields present in the literature produce an acceptable fit to the EPIC and RGS spectra of A3112. We infer that 30.3% ± 5.4% to 37.1% ± 7.1% of the total SN explosions are SNe Ia, and the total number of SN explosions required to create the observed metals is in the range of (1.06 ± 0.34) × 109 to (1.28 ± 0.43) × 109, from snapec fits to RGS spectra. These values may be compared to the enrichment expected based on well-established empirically measured SN rates per star formed. The proportions of SNe Ia and SNe cc inferred to have enriched the ICM in the inner 52 kpc of A3112 is consistent with these specific rates, if one applies a correction for the metals locked up in stars. At the same time, the inferred level of SN enrichment corresponds to a star-to-gas mass ratio that is several times greater than the 10% estimated globally for clusters in the A3112 mass range.
Ganglioside GD1a enhances osteogenesis by activating ERK1/2 in mesenchymal stem cells of Lmna mutant mice

Mutations in Lmna usually cause a series of human disorders, such as premature aging syndrome (progeria) involving the skeletal system. Gangliosides are known to be involved in cell surface differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. However, the role of gangliosides in Lmna dysfunctional mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is unclear. Therefore, Ganglioside's role in osteogenesis of Lmna dysfunctional MSCs analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the expression of ganglioside GD1a was significantly reduced in MSCs derived from LmnaDhe/+ mice and in MSCs subjected to Lamin A/C knockdown using siRNA. Osteogenesis-related bone morphogenetic protein-2 and Osteocalcin protein, and gene expression were significantly decreased due to Lmna dysfunction. A result of treating MSCs with Lmna dysfunction with ganglioside GD1a (3 μg/ml), significantly increased bone differentiation in ganglioside GD1a treatment to Lmna-mutated MSCs. In addition, the level of pERK1/2, related to bone differentiation mechanisms was significantly increased. Ganglioside GD1a was treated to Congenital progeria LmnaDhe/+ mice. As a result, femur bone volume in ganglioside GD1a-treated LmnaDhe/+ mice was more significantly increased than in the LmnaDhe/+ mice. Therefore, it was confirmed that the ganglioside GD1a plays an important role in enhancing osteogenic differentiation in MSC was a dysfunction of Lmna.
Analysis Factors Influencing the Learners’ Satisfaction in L2 Writing Class

: This research attempted to investigate learners’ satisfaction in l2 writing class at higher education. The study focused on the factors influencing learners’ satisfaction covering ten components, namely curriculum, learning material, classroom management, teacher’s competence. teaching method, facilities, environment, grading system, helpful, and career. The questionnaire of 25 items was applied to collect data. Learners’ response measured through an adapted questionnaire using Likert Scale. The participants were 95 learners majoring in English at IAIN Palangka Raya. The study used a purposive sampling technique. A pilot study was given to 24 respondents showing the Cronbach alpha value as 0.84 indicating that the quetionnaire was in a good reliability. Then, factor analysis was applied to analyze data. The findings revealed that Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.793> 0.50 and the significance of Bartlett's Test was 0.000<0.05. There were three dominant factors of ten components being investigated. The first factor (35.93%) were curriculum, teaching method, facilities, environment, grading system, helpful, career. The second factor (12.18%) were learning material, class management; and the third factor (10.410%) was teacher’s competence. All of the three factors contributed 58.53% influencing the learners’ satisfaction. The rest (41.47%) was influenced by other factors out of study. It was suggested that lecturers should update the materials, organize the class well and improve their teaching competence. Further studies on learners’ satisfaction in wider context and participants was recommended .
Prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among nurses at a governmental hospital in Jouf region in Saudi Arabia

Background: Burnout is a psychological syndrome that progresses as a prolonged response to chronic interpersonal stressors related to the job. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among nursing staff, explore its causes, and find a relationship or difference between the demographic data and the prevalence of burnout among nurses at Al Gurayat General Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was descriptive, cross-sectional survey conducted among nurses of Al Gurayat General Hospital. The study was conducted using Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess the prevalence of burnout. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit the nurses and their demographic details were collected. Results: In the current study, 290 nurses participated, of which 191 (65.9%) participants were available, and the data of 90 (34.1%) participants were missing. More than one-half of the nurses were non-Saudi (49%), and 181 were females (62.4%). Around 41% had high emotional exhaustion, 35.2% had high depersonalization, and 37.6% had low personal accomplishment. There was a significant correlation between marital status and the emotional exhaustion domain (P=0.04). Conclusion: There was a high level of burnout among nurses of Al Gurayat General Hospital. Marital status was the only factor that affected the emotional exhaustion domain. It is necessary to assess burnout among nurses as burnout among nurses has significant negative effects on the quality of care provided by nurses.
Inverse problems of determining coefficients of the fractional partial differential equations

When considering fractional diffusion equation as model equation in analyzing anomalous diffusion processes, some important parameters in the model, for example, the orders of the fractional derivative or the source term, are often unknown, which requires one to discuss inverse problems to identify these physical quantities from some additional information that can be observed or measured practically. This chapter investigates several kinds of inverse coefficient problems for the fractional diffusion equation.
CEMP-s and CEMP-s/r stars: last update

We provide an updated discussion of the sample of CEMP-s and CEMP-s/r stars collected from the literature. Observations are compared with the theoretical nucleosynthesis models of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars presented by Bisterzo et al. (2010, 2011, 2012), in the light of the most recent spectroscopic results.
AGN POPULATION IN HICKSON COMPACT GROUPS. I. DATA AND NUCLEAR ACTIVITY CLASSIFICATION

We have conducted a new spectroscopic survey to characterize the nature of nuclear activity in Hickson compact group (HCG) galaxies and establish its frequency. We have obtained new intermediate-resolution optical spectroscopy for 200 member galaxies and corrected for underlying stellar population contamination using galaxy templates. Spectra for 11 additional galaxies have been acquired from the ESO and 6dF public archives, and emission-line ratios have been taken from the literature for 59 more galaxies. Here we present the results of our classification of the nuclear activity for 270 member galaxies, which belong to a well-defined sample of 64 HCGs. We found a large fraction of galaxies, 63%, with emission lines. Using standard diagnostic diagrams, 45% of the emission-line galaxies were classified as pure active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 23% as Transition Objects (TOs), and 32% as star-forming nuclei (SFNs). In the HCGs, the AGN activity appears as the most frequent activity type. Adopting the interpretation that in TOs a low-luminosity AGN coexists with circumnuclear star formation, the fraction of galaxies with an AGN could rise to 42% of the whole sample. The low frequency (20%) of SFNs confirms that there is no star formation enhancement in HCGs. After extinction correction, we found a median AGN Hα luminosity of 7.1 × 1039 erg s−1, which implies that AGNs in HCG have a characteristically low luminosity. This result added to the fact that there is an almost complete absence of broad-line AGNs in compact groups (CGs) as found by Martínez et al. and corroborated in this study for HCGs, is consistent with very few gas left in these galaxies. In general, therefore, what may characterize the level of activity in CGs is a severe deficiency of gas.
TRACING HIGH-ENERGY RADIATION FROM T TAURI STARS USING MID-INFRARED NEON EMISSION FROM DISKS

High-energy radiation from T Tauri stars (TTS) influences the amount and longevity of gas in disks, thereby playing a crucial role in the creation of gas giant planets. Here we probe the high-energy ionizing radiation from TTS using high-resolution mid-infrared (MIR) Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph neon forbidden line detections in a sample of disks from IC 348, NGC 2068, and Chamaeleon. We report three new detections of [Ne iii] from CS Cha, SZ Cha, and T 54, doubling the known number of [Ne iii] detections from TTS. Using [Ne iii]-to-[Ne ii] ratios in conjunction with X-ray emission measurements, we probe high-energy radiation from TTS. The majority of previously inferred [Ne iii]/[Ne ii] ratios based on [Ne iii] line upper limits are significantly less than 1, pointing to the dominance of either X-ray radiation or soft extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation in producing these lines. Here we report the first observational evidence for hard EUV-dominated Ne forbidden line production in a T Tauri disk: [Ne iii]/[Ne ii] ∼ 1 in SZ Cha. Our results provide a unique insight into the EUV emission from TTS, by suggesting that EUV radiation may dominate the creation of Ne forbidden lines, albeit in a minority of cases.
Supplementary: Directed Ray Distance Functions for 3D Scene Reconstruction

We present additional details on experiments, qualitative results as figures and videos in the following sections. We present complete derivations and further detailed analysis in this supplemental. Details of experiments for scene and ray based evaluation appear under §2.1 along with the new ray based evaluations. In §2.2 we provide full experiment evaluation of different decoding strategies of baselines. In §3 we discuss complete details for all the datasets. In §4 we discuss the important implementation details, followed by a discussion on rays vs. scene distances in §5 Then in §6 we discuss the detailed behavior of different distance functions under uncertainty and graph them. We follow this up with additional qualitative results on all the three datasets with randomly sampled images from the test set in §7. In §8 we derive the results mathematically to showcase the analysis technique for other distance functions.
Correlation functions of Polyakov loops at tree level

We compute the correlation functions of Polyakov loops in $SU(N_c)$ gauge theories by explicitly summing all diagrams at tree level in two special cases, for $N_c = 2$ and $N_c = \infty$. When $N_c =2$ we find the expected we find Coulomb-like behavior at short distances, $\sim 1/x$ as the distance $x \rightarrow 0$. In the planar limit at $N_c = \infty$ we find a weaker singularity, $\sim 1/\sqrt{x}$ as $x \rightarrow 0$. In each case, at short distances the behavior of the correlation functions between two Polyakov loops, and the corresponding Wilson loop, are the same. We suggest that such non-Coulombic behavior is an artifact of the planar limit.