Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Variation in Relative Humidity in Guangdong, China, from 1959 to 2017

Despite the marked influence of relative humidity (RH) on ecosystems and human society, the spatiotemporal pattern of RH is far from clearly understood. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variation in RH in Guangdong Province, South China, in the period of 1959–2017. The RH data were collected from 74 national standard meteorological stations. The spatiotemporal variation in RH was evaluated using rotate empirical orthogonal function (REOF) zoning, Mann–Kendall test, and wavelet transform methods. Based on the REOF decomposition situation of monthly RH field, Guangdong was divided into six subareas. The annual mean of RH in the whole province was 78.90%. In terms of spatial variation, overall annual mean RH decreased from southwest to northeast in the province. Temporally, annual mean RH showed a declining trend in the last six decades. Particularly, the RH in the Pearl River Delta area declined at the rate of 1.349%/10a. Mann–Kendall tests showed that mutation points of annual mean RH mostly appeared in the 1990s, especially in the early 1990s. Continuous wavelet transforms of annual mean RH displayed that inland subareas have similar cycle characteristics, and the east coast and Pearl River Delta have no significant period in most time domains. The results provide new understanding of RH variation in the last six decades in South China, which is valuable for detecting climate change, monitoring hazardous weather, and predicting future environmental change.
Mental Wellbeing and Exercise Participation during COVID-19 Pandemic among Adult Residents of Nigeria's Niger Delta

Exercise can help mitigate mental wellbeing problems that people are likely to suffer during the COVID-19 pandemic Yet, there are few or no official guidelines on exercising among the strategies for containing the pandemic It could be due to the fact that the relationship between exercise participation and mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic had been empirically demonstrated This study was conducted to establish the relationship between exercise participation and mental wellbeing during the pandemic among the adult residents of Nigeria’s Niger Delta metropolitan cities The cross-sectional survey research design was adopted to study all adult residents in the area A sample of 1,800 adult residents was selected using purposive and stratified systematic sampling techniques The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and the Exercise Participation Questionnaire (EPQ) adapted from the Historical Adulthood Physical Activity Questionnaire (HAPAQ) were the data collection instruments Frequency counts, means, standard deviations and linear regression analysis were used to analyse data It was found that, although Total Daily Energy Expenditure on exercise during the pandemic was found to be significantly (β = 0 504, t = 13 905, p = 0 000) related to mental wellbeing of respondents during the pandemic It was concluded that current exercise participation can help in preserving one’s mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic © 2020 by authors, all rights reserved
Manipulation and statistical analysis of the fluid flow of polymer semiconductor solutions during meniscus-guided coating

Recent work in structure–processing relationships of polymer semiconductors have demonstrated the versatility and control of thin-film microstructure offered by meniscusguided coating (MGC) techniques. Here, we analyze the qualitative and quantitative aspects of solution shearing, a model MGC method, using coating blades augmented with arrays of pillars. The pillars induce local regions of high strain rates—both shear and extensional—not otherwise possible with unmodified blades, and we use fluid mechanical simulations to model and study a variety of pillar spacings and densities. We then perform a statistical analysis of 130 simulation variables to find correlations with three dependent variables of interest: thin-film degree of crystallinity and transistor field-effect mobilities for charge-transport parallel (Μpara) and perpendicular (Μperp) to the coating direction. Our study suggests that simple fluid mechanical models can reproduce substantive correlations between the induced fluid flow and important performance metrics, providing a methodology for optimizing blade design. Polymer semiconductors have opened up a new frontier of electronics that can be flexible, stretchable, implantable, or biodegradable. While the chemical and electronic properties of these materials are important for their function as the active material in organic electronic devices, the manner by which these organic semiconductors are deposited onto a substrate can significantly influence its charge-transport properties. While a variety of techniques have been investigated to enhance charge-transport behavior, there are few reports approaching the issue in terms of the fluid dynamical considerations relevant during deposition from the solution phase. In this article, we analyze the fluid flow that occurs during thin-film deposition by solution shearing, a representative meniscusguided coating method amenable to high-throughput processing. We investigate a variety of variables related to fluid flow that can be estimated from fluid mechanical simulations of solution shearing with a coating blade patterned with a regular array of pillars used to induce higher fluid strain rates. We find correlations suggestive of underlying relationships between strain rates associated with certain directions and polymer charge-transport properties in the final deposited film. This article establishes a statistical approach using simulation data that can guide patterned blade design to enhance polymer deposition and realize high-performance devices.
Arabic Language Learning Curriculum Islamic Boarding School System

This article aims to find out about the Arabic language curriculum development model at Madrasah Aliyah Al-Falah Gorontalo. This research uses the type of field research or field research. The research method is descriptive qualitative, namely research on the Arabic language learning curriculum's description with the boarding school system at MA al-Falah Gorontalo. The results of this study explain that: curriculum development at Madrasah Aliyah al-Falah Gorontalo is based on several foundations, namely juridical, psychological, and sociolinguistic foundations. Meanwhile, the curriculum development model used in Madrasah Aliyah al-Falah Gorontalo has been analyzed using an administrative model and a grassroots model. The characteristics of learning Arabic in the boarding school system at Madrasah Aliyah Al-Falah are different from learning in other schools. What distinguishes this Madrasah from other schools in the curriculum used and uses the Islamic boarding school system. So that learning Arabic is not only taught in schools but also trained in dormitories.
BOOTSTRAP PANEL CAUSALITY TESTING OF TOURISM AND GDP NEXUS FOR UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES

Ulkelerin gelirlerini artiran kaynaklardan biri de turizmdir. Bircok calisma cesitli ulkelerde ve ulke gruplarinda GSYIH ile turizm arasinda nedensel iliskiler oldugunu gostermektedir. Bu cercevede, mevcut calismanin amaci ust-orta gelir grubundaki 33 ulke icin turizm ve GSYIH arasindaki nedensellik iliskisini incelemektir. Bu amaca yonelik olarak 1995-2018 donemini kapsayan yillik verilere Emirmahmutoglu ve Kose (2011) tarafindan onerilen bootstrap nedensellik testi uygulanmistir. Bu test hem yatay kesit bagimliligi ve bagimsizligi durumlarinda, hem de gozlem sayisi dusukken uygulanabilen guclu bir testtir. Sonuclar Grenada ve Guney Afrika icin turizmden GSYIH’ye tek yonlu bir nedensellik; Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan, Dominik Cumhuriyeti, Ekvador, Jamaika, Peru ve Sri Lanka icin GSYIH’den turizme tek yonlu bir nedensellik; Ermenistan, Mauritius ve Kuzey Makedonya icin turizm ve GSYIH arasinda cift yonlu nedensellik oldugunu; ancak geriye kalan 21 ulke icin nedenselligin olmadigini gostermistir.
Default Options: A Powerful Behavioral Tool to Increase COVID-19 Contact Tracing App Acceptance in Latin America?

Being able to follow the chain of contagion of COVID-19 is important to help save lives and control the epidemic without sustained costly lockdowns. This is especially relevant in Latin America, where economic contractions have already been the largest in the regions history. Given the high rates of transmission of COVID-19, relying only in manual contact tracing might be infeasible. Acceptability and uptake of contact tracing apps with exposure notifications is key for the implementation the “test, trace and treat” triad. In the first study of its kind in Latin America, we find that for a nationally representative sample of 10 countries, an opt-out regime with automatic installation significantly increases the probability of acceptance of such apps in almost 22 p.p. compared to an opt-in regime with voluntary installation. This triples the size and is of opposite sign of the effect found in Europe and the United States. We see that an opt-out regime is more effective in increasing acceptability in South America compared to Central America and Mexico; for those who claim not to trust the national government; and for those who do not use their smartphones for financial transactions. The severity of the pandemic at the place of residence does not seem to affect the effectiveness of the opt-out regime versus an opt-in one, but feeling personally at risk does increase the willingness to accept contact tracing apps with exposure notifications in general. These results can shed light on the use of default options in public health in the context of a pandemic in Latin America.
Development and Characterization of Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium armourianum Interspecific Hybrids

The genetic diversity of genus Gossypium spp is exclusively wide with diverse geographical and ecological niches (Fryxell, 1992). The genus Gossypium belongs to the family Malvaceae and contains more than 45 diploid species and five well documented allotetraploid species. Species of this genus are grouped into nine genome groups and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 12 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Phytopharmaceutical properties of herbal teas circulating in the Nigerian market

We report herein some phytopharmaceutical properties of commonly marketed teas in Nigeria. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties such as color, odor, physical appearance as well as ash value, moisture content, flow properties, pH and solubility were interrogated using standard methods as the measure of their phytopharmaceutical properties. The results show that, all the teas were coarse in nature and the colors ranged from green to brown. Most of the teas are pleasant to minty odor, while the tastes ranged from minty, sweet, bitter to tasteless. The ash values obtained were between 0.7 and 1.00. The pH values ranged between 4.23 and 7.89 with cold infusions having higher pH values than the hot infusions. All the teas investigated had angles of repose between 17.13 and 35.81°, Carr’s index between 4.65 to16% and Hausner quotient between 1.08 and 1.19; they also had moisture content ≤ 10% suggesting adequate processing and storage requirements. The teas investigated had variable physicochemical properties which underscores the need for standardization of teas before approval by regulatory authorities. Key words: Teas, phytopharmaceutical properties, standardization.
Postbleaching color change evaluation of bovine teeth immersed in high-pigmentation potential solutions

Introduction: Dental bleaching is one of the most commonly used aesthetic treatments in dentistry nowadays. However, subclinical changes in the surface micromorphology of dental tissues may occur after bleaching, leading to a greater easiness of tooth staining in the period immediately after its completion. Objective: To evaluate the color change of bovine teeth immersed in four solutions with high-pigmentation potential, after tooth whitening. Material and methods: Fifty bovine teeth were bleached using a 35% hydrogen peroxide gel. Color analysis was performed by a digital spectrophotometer for the acquisition of CIELab parameters. Teeth were divided into 5 groups and immersed in the following solutions (n = 10): distilled water (control), coffee, black tea, red wine and cola soft drink, for 1 h/day, during 15 days. Teeth were again submitted to color analysis and the color differences (ΔE) between the first and second reading were calculated. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 5%). Results: Among all the substances tested, black tea provoked the highest color difference (18.49), followed by red wine (16.41), cola soft drink (15.73), and coffee (9.37). Conclusion: All high-pigmentation potential solutions were able to promote the staining of bovine teeth. However, black tea, red wine, and cola soft drink produced the highest color differences.
Concentration polarization: Electrodeposition and transport phenomena at overlimiting current

In the present thesis we study di erent aspects of concentration polarization, with emphasis on nonlinear transport phenomena and rami ed electrode growth. We aim at extracting the essential features which characterize the problems, and to that end we employ a variety of numerical and analytical methods. The initial study concerns a fundamental problem in the study of concentration polarization at overlimiting current, namely the emergence of an extended space-charge region near the ion-selective interface. Based on the so-called quasi-uniform charge density assumption (QCD), we develop an analytical model for the transport in a system with an extended space-charge region. By comparison with numerical simulations, we show that the analytical model captures all of the essential features of the problem. We use the model to derive a range of results characterizing the extended space-charge region. Secondly, we investigate concentration polarization in a microchannel with charged walls. We provide full numerical solutions to the transport problem, including the e ects of advection and surface conduction in the electric double layers. We show that in large areas of the relevant parameter space the transport can be understood in terms of a group of simple analytical models. Some of these are generalizations of a previously published analytical model. In addition to the full numerical model, we employ a numerical boundary layer model with a slip velocity. By carefully comparing the full model and the boundary layer model, we reveal a number of issues, which invalidate most previous attempts at modeling microchannel concentration polarization using a slip model. Returning to concentration polarization in a bulk system, we study the e ects of water splitting at a permselective membrane. We investigate this coupled chemical and transport e ect using two simple models of the reaction kinetics. The principal investigations are performed using numerical simulations, but in addition we derive an analytical model for the transport in the system. The analytical model reveals an important link between the current of salt ions and the current of water ions. This link seemingly exists independent of the speci c reaction kinetics, and could help in furthering the understanding of the water splitting process. A t of the model to experimental data from the literature shows quite good agreement, and provides some hints about the reaction kinetics in the given experiment. In the nal part of the thesis we investigate electrodeposition, and speci cally the tendency of a cathode to become morphologically unstable and develop rami ed growth. Firstly, we consider the stability of a at metal electrode during electrodeposition. Using linear perturbation theory, we develop numerical and analytical models for the instability
Factors Affecting Success of Micro and Small Business Enterprises: In Case of Some Selected Woredas of Hadiya Zone, Snnpr, Ethiopia

Micro and Small Enterprises play an important economic role in many countries and recognized as an important vehicles of economic diversification, employment creation, income generation and poverty alleviation . However performance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) remains to be a major problem delaying MSEs from playing their productive role in the economy.Therefore, the motive of this study is intended to fill this gap byanalyzing success factors on performance of MSEs in Hadiya zone. This research was carried out through descriptive and explanatory research design.Furthermore the approach that was followed in this particular study was quantitative and qualitative.Purposive sampling technique was used to select sub sectors of MSEs (food and beverage, wood and metal, merchandise and retail shop, and textile and garment). Sample size of 161 from target population of 269 was determined by using stratified proportional random sampling method and simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents from each stratum. The descriptive (mean, percentage and standard deviation) and inferential (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression) statistical tools were used to analyse collected data. The results of the regression analysis showed that management, marketing, technological, political-legal, planning and financial factors were statistically significant at 5% significance level and had positive relationship with the performance of MSEs.Based on the research results, it is recommended for MSEs have responsibility to adopt better technology that will enable them increase efficiency, improve quality and diversity of products. The government has also encourage and support MSEs on how to identify and adopt appropriate technology based on the need of specific types of products, service or consumer needs. Keywords: MSEs, performance, success factors, political-legal DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-23-01 Publication date: December 31 st 2020
Alternative Fluids – with a Particular Emphasis on Vegetable Oils – as Replacements of Transformer Oil: A Concise Review

For many decades transformer oil has served as a well-known insulating medium. Its electrical properties, among others, have been studied in length. In recent years, with the increasing concern for the environment, alternative insulating liquids have been proposed. In the context of this concise review, such alternative fluids are investigated. Some conflicting evidence regarding experimental results that still persist are discussed and aspects of vegetable oils in need of further work are pointed out.
SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT EARLY IN THE U.S. COVID-19 CRISIS: EXPLORING SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR BETWEEN THOSE WITH AND WITHOUT DEPRESSION OR ANXIETY IN AN ONLINE SAMPLE.

Introduction Social distancing and sheltering-in-place mitigate the physical health risks of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19); however, there are concerns about the impact on mental health and social engagement. Methods We used data from a U.S.-based online survey (March 2020) to examine patterns of social support and prosocial behavior, explore differences between people with and without depression or anxiety, and explore correlates of social engagement in both groups, including symptom severity in the clinical group. Results The clinical group reported greater social engagement. In both groups, social engagement was positively associated with COVID-19-related worry and trait moral elevation; mindfulness was positively associated with all outcomes for the clinical group only. Social interaction frequency had little influence on outcomes. Depressive symptom severity was positively associated with all outcomes, whereas anxiety was negatively associated with prosocial behavior. Discussion These findings highlight how social engagement was experienced early in the U.S. COVID-19 crisis.
Gene Therapy For Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency: Successes and Limitations

INTRODUCTION Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), often dubbed the "baby in a bubble" syndrome, represents the most severe type of primary immunodeficiencies (1). It is a heterogeneous group of congenital disorders caused by a number of different defects of the lymphoid lineages (2) and the estimated incidence is 1 in 100,000 live births (3). Several natural mutants have been characterized in humans, all of which involve complete block of T-cell development, and will directly or indirectly impair B-cell immunity (1, 4). This leads to devastating clinical symptoms as a result of predisposition to infections from many opportunistic pathogens (4). In many cases, severe infections starting at 1 to 3 months of age will lead to death if untreated (5, 6, 7). This disease received worldwide recognition in the 1970s when the story of David Vetter, who lived all of his 12 years of life inside a sealed plastic bubble designed to protect him from infections was brought to light. Subsequently, his life story and the unique strategies used to treat David, received widespread media attention, being the subject of movies and television shows . The adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficient variant of SCID is an autosomal recessive disorder and accounts for approximately 20% of all SCIDs (8). This inherited deficiency results in decreased enzymatic activity or the lack of production of adenosine deaminase a housekeeping enzyme of the purine salvage pathway (9, 10). ADA was the first gene associated with a SCID condition to be identified (11), and was the focus of the first gene therapy trial in 1990 (12). ADA-SCID is a lethal disorder that is now treated with either allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or enzyme replacement therapy (2, 13). Gene therapy of this disease is in clinical trials and has produced the most promising clinical experience thus far of all the genetic diseases. ADA-SCID patients have been transplanted with transduced autologous T lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) (4, 7). The progress made in the attempt to treat this disease reflects both the successes of gene therapy and the limitations of it that have to be overcome before it can be a reliable and realistic treatment for ADA deficiency and other genetic diseases. The past, present and future therapies of ADASCID will be examined to demonstrate this progress.
Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare undergraduates in Malaysia

Staphylococcus aureus is a common component of skin flora of healthy adults. However, it can cause serious infections such as bloodstream infections, pneumonia, or bone and joint infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to cause hospital- (HA-MRSA) and community-acquired (CA-MRSA) infections worldwide. Asia is reported to have highest prevalence rates of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA. As there were very less number of epidemiological studies being done in Malaysia, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of MRSA infection among the healthcare undergraduates who will be engaging with patients soon. We analyzed nasal swabs of students from a private medical institution in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Methicillin-resistance was accessed by sensitivity to the Oxacillin and Cefoxitin disks. In a total of 151 healthcare undergraduates, 117 of them were found positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Among the latter, 21 samples (13.9%) were resistant to Oxacillin and Cefoxitin. Our data shows significant high percentage of MRSA infection and therefore prevention strategies for MRSA need to be developed for the healthcare students before they engage with patients in clinic setting. Keywords: MRSA, nasal swab, healthcare undergraduates, Oxacillin.