Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization transport in granular and nanoporous carbon systems

Porous carbon materials have long since been used in industry to make capacitors and adsorption agents because of their high specific surface area. Although their adsorption properties have been extensively studied, we have not seen the same vigor in the investigation of their physical properties, which are important not only for providing complementary characterization methods, but also for understanding the physics which underlies the manufacturing process and motivates intelligent design of these materials. The study of the new physics in these novel nanoporous materials also straddles the scientific forefronts of nanodimensional and disordered systems. In this thesis, we study the structural and electrical properties of two nanoporous carbons, namely activated carbon fibers and carbon aerogels. Specifically, we perform Raman scattering, x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, electrical transport and magnetotransport experiments. Results from other experiments reported in the literature or communicated to us by our collaborators, such as porosity and surface area measurements by adsorption methods, electron spin resonance, transmission electron microscopy, mechanical properties measurements and so on, are also frequently used in this thesis for additional characterization information. By correlating all the relevant results, we obtain the structureproperty relationships in these nanoporous materials. This study shows that the transport properties of these porous materials can be used on one hand for sensitive characterization of complex materials, and on the other hand, for observing interesting and unusual physical phenomena. For example, as-prepared nanoporous carbon systems, exhibit in their low-temperature electrical conductivity a universal temperature dependence which is characteristic of a granular metallic system, despite their morphological differences. By studying further the magnetoresistance in these carbon materials, it is found that the variable-range hopping mechanism cannot be totally disregarded in the understanding of the low-temperature conduction process in some granular metals having a similar morphology. In the transport study of the heat-treated activated carbon fibers, the surprising observation of a negative magnetoresistance at room temperature has also provided some insight into the weak localization phenomenon in the percolation limit. In particular, the effects of anomalous diffusion in a percolating system is now included in the calculations of the weak-localization corrections to the conductivity and magnetoresistance, yielding a new temperature dependence of the dephasing distance. These localization phenomena in the nanoporous carbon structures studied here are mostly understandable in terms of the existing theories for disordered systems, but their detailed interpretations often indicate problems and shortcomings in some of these theories, at times because the physical properties of the nanoporous carbon materials studied here
Crystal structure of 3-[4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

The title compound, C22H20O, was synthesized by reacting 4-isopropylbenzaldehyde with 2-acetonaphtone by aldolic condensation under Claisen–Schmidt conditions. The molecule consists of a naphthalene group and a benzene ring with a pendant isopropyl moiety, both rings bound by a propenone linker. The naphthalene ring system is almost planar [maximum deviation from the least-squares plane = 0.026 (10) Å] and subtends a dihedral angle of 52.31 (4)° with the benzene ring. The propenone linker, in turn, deviates slightly more from planarity [maximum deviation = 0.125 (18) Å] and has its least-squares plane oriented midway the former two, at 25.62 (6) and 28.02 (5)° from the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring, respectively. Finally, the isopropyl group presents its CC2 plane almost perpendicular to the benzene ring, at 85.30 (4)°. No significant hydrogen bonding or π–π stacking interactions are found in the crystal structure.
Wavelet processes and adaptive estimation of the evolutionary wavelet spectrum

This paper defines and studies a new class of non‐stationary random processes constructed from discrete non‐decimated wavelets which generalizes the Cramér (Fourier) representation of stationary time series. We define an evolutionary wavelet spectrum (EWS) which quantifies how process power varies locally over time and scale. We show how the EWS may be rigorously estimated by a smoothed wavelet periodogram and how both these quantities may be inverted to provide an estimable time‐localized autocovariance. We illustrate our theory with a pedagogical example based on discrete non‐decimated Haar wavelets and also a real medical time series example.
Reliability of Nano-Scaled Logic Gates Based on Binary Decision Diagrams

Binary decision diagrams (BDDs) have been useful for synthesis and verification of digital circuits. This paper, for the first time, looks into the reliability of a few logic gates implemented using BDDs. The gates were designed using an advanced CMOS technology node and subject to threshold-voltage variations. The results of the Monte Carlo Spice simulations show that BDD-based gates are significantly more reliable than their conventional CMOS counterparts.
Sensorless direct torque and flux control for matrix converter IPM synchronous motor drives using adaptive sliding mode observer combined with high frequency signal injection

This paper presents a speed and position estimation method for the sensorless direct torque and flux control scheme for matrix converter driven interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor. This method is based on an adaptive sliding mode observer that is enhanced with a high-frequency signal injection technique at low speed and standstill. The direct closed-loop control of both torque and stator flux are achieved using two proportional-integral controllers and indirect space vector modulation with a new overmodulation strategy. The system is characterized by low torque and flux ripples, unity input power factor, sinusoidal input/output currents, inherent bidirectional power-flow capability and good speed sensorless control performance over wide speed range, including zero speed, while maintaining constant switching frequency and fast dynamics. A new compensation method is proposed to correct the effect of Lq saturation under load. Experimental results are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless DTFC-ISVM matrix converter IPM motor drives.
Power management of a 10-thruster ROV using an auto-configurable algorithm

This paper discusses a novel approach to utilizing extra thrusters for additional vertical lift for an ROV. The approach uses an auto-configurable algorithm which enables the operator to switch between the standard configuration and the enhanced-lift configuration, without changing the power supply for the vehicle. The results of a modified bollard pull test and a weight lift experiment illustrating the performance of the new configuration are also presented. Figure 1 shows the ROV with the added thrusters.
A Study of Some Factors Affecting the Photodegradation of Textile Yarns Part I : The Spectral Distributions of Sun-Sky and Xenon-Arc Radiation

A detailed study was made of the relative spectral distribution of sun-sky radiation at several times of day under various sky conditions from June to October 1971. A sufficient number of spectra were recorded to provide a statistically viable sample. Average spectral distributions for three daily time periods and four classes of sky conditions within four approximately monthly periods were calculated and compared. Radiation from a sunny-bright sky over the noon period gave a representative average and would be a reasonable standard sun-sky spectral distribution for comparison with artificial light sources. The relative spectral distribution of xenon-arc radiation in combination with various filters was monitored using the same spectrographic equipment. Comparison of the sun-sky spectral distribution with the xenon arc emission spectrum indicated that although agreement of the lower cut-off wavelength could be attained using Q/Q/WG filters. Xenon radiation was deficient above 3150 Å regardless of the filter system used. Infrared filters removed an undesirable amount of high energy radiation and would be likely to decelerate degradation.
A framework for evaluating the influence of climate, dispersal limitation, and biotic interactions using fossil pollen associations across the late Quaternary

Environmental conditions, dispersal lags, and interactions among species are major factors structuring communities through time and across space. Ecologists have emphasized the importance of biotic interactions in determining local patterns of species association. In contrast, abiotic limits, dispersal limitation, and historical factors have commonly been invoked to explain community structure patterns at larger spatiotemporal scales, such as the appearance of late Pleistocene no-analog communities or latitudinal gradients of species richness in both modern and fossil assemblages. Quantifying the relative influence of these processes on species co-occurrence patterns is not straightforward. We provide a framework for assessing causes of species associations by combining a null-model analysis of co-occurrence with additional analyses of climatic differences and spatial pattern for pairs of pollen taxa that are significantly associated across geographic space. We tested this framework with data on associations among 106 fossil pollen taxa and paleoclimate simulations from eastern North America across the late Quaternary. The number and proportion of significantly associated taxon pairs increased over time, but only 449 of 56 194 taxon pairs were significantly different from random. Within this significant subset of pollen taxa, biotic interactions were rarely the exclusive cause of associations. Instead, climatic or spatial differences among sites were most frequently associated with significant patterns of taxon association. Most taxon pairs that exhibited co-occurrence patterns indicative of biotic interactions at one time did not exhibit significant associations at other times. Evidence for environmental filtering and dispersal limitation was weakest for aggregated pairs between 16 and 11 kyr BP, suggesting enhanced importance of positive species interactions during this interval. The framework can thus be used to identify species associations that may reflect biotic interactions because these associations are not tied to environmental or spatial differences. Furthermore, temporally repeated analyses of spatial associations can reveal whether such associations persist through time.
Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection of the Skin Is Associated with Inducibility of Human β-Defensin 3 but Not Human β-Defensin 2

ABSTRACT Gram-positive bacteria are the predominant cause of skin infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are believed to be of major importance in skin's innate defense against these pathogens. This study aimed at providing clinical evidence for the contribution of AMP inducibility to determining the severity of Gram-positive skin infection. Using real-time PCR, we determined the induction of human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2), HBD-3, and RNase 7 by comparing healthy and lesional mRNA levels in 32 patients with Gram-positive skin infection. We then examined whether AMP induction differed by disease severity, as measured by number of recurrences and need for surgical drainage in patients with Staphylococcus aureus-positive lesions. We found that HBD-2 and -3, but not RNase 7, mRNA expression was highly induced by Gram-positive bacterial infection in otherwise healthy skin. Less induction of HBD-3, but not HBD-2, was associated with more-severe S. aureus skin infection: HBD-3 mRNA levels were 11.4 times lower in patients with more than 6 recurrences (P = 0.01) and 8.8 times lower in patients reporting surgical drainage (P = 0.01) than in the respective baseline groups. This suggests that inducibility of HBD-3 influences the severity of Gram-positive skin infection in vivo. The physiological function of HBD-2 induction in this context remains unclear.
Goal-oriented Performance Control for Transaction Processing

The performance of current transaction processing systems largely depends on human experts for administration and tuning. These experts have to specify a multitude of internal control parameters in different subsystems for which finding appropriate settings is very difficult. Another shortcoming of manual system administration lies in its inability to quickly react to changing system and workload conditions. In order to overcome these limitations we advocate for an automatic and adaptive performance control. To simplify the administration we pursue a "goaloriented" approach that aims at automatically enforcing external performance objectives, in particular response time goals. The effective implementation of such a scheme poses a multitude of largely unsolved challenges. Our approach is based on a feedback loop for automatic detection and correction of performance problems and requires comparatively few extensions over existing TP systems. We have implemented various control strategies for bottleneck determination and resolution within a detailed simulation system. Results of some initial simulation experiments are analyzed.
Increased calcium influx in dystrophic muscle

We examined pathways which might result in the elevated resting free calcium [( Ca2+]i) levels observed in dystrophic mouse (mdx) skeletal muscle fibers and myotubes and human Duchenne muscular dystrophy myotubes. We found that mdx fibers, loaded with the calcium indicator fura-2, were less able to regulate [Ca2+]i levels in the region near the sarcolemma. Increased calcium influx or decreased efflux could lead to elevated [Ca2+]i levels. Calcium transient decay times were identical in normal and mdx fibers if resting [Ca2+]i levels were similar, suggesting that calcium-sequestering mechanisms are not altered in dystrophic muscle, but are slowed by the higher resting [Ca2+]i. The defect appears to be specific for calcium since resting free sodium levels and sodium influx rates in the absence of Na+/K(+)- ATPase activity were identical in normal and dystrophic cells when measured with sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate. Calcium leak channels, whose opening probabilities (Po) were voltage independent, could be the major calcium influx pathway at rest. We have shown previously that calcium leak channel Po is significantly higher in dystrophic myotubes. These leak channels were selective for calcium over sodium under physiological conditions. Agents that increased leak channel activity also increased [Ca2+]i in fibers and myotubes. These results suggest that increased calcium influx, as a result of increased leak channel activity, could result in the elevated [Ca2+]i in dystrophic muscle.
SemEval-2015 Task 8: SpaceEval

Human languages exhibit a variety of strategies for communicating spatial information, including toponyms, spatial nominals, locations that are described in relation to other locations, and movements along paths. SpaceEval is a combined information extraction and classification task with the goal of identifying and categorizing such spatial information. In this paper, we describe the SpaceEval task, annotation schema, and corpora, and evaluate the performance of several supervised and semi-supervised machine learning systems developed with the goal of automating this task.
The relationship of some histologic parameters, radiographic evaluations, and Periotest measurements of oral implants: an experimental animal study.

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy and correlation between clinical and histologic parameters used to evaluate oral implants. After extraction of the premolars and a healing time of 4 months in 16 Dutch goats, four Brånemark implants were placed in the maxillary left and right premolar regions. After a healing time of 6 months, followed by another 4 months with the permucosal abutments, the goats were sacrificed and the jaws were block-resected. Before histologic preparation, long-cone radiographs were made and Periotest scores of the implants were recorded. Bone level measured histomorphometrically were found to be 0.85 mm more apically, compared to that measured radiologically (P = .001). Furthermore, statistically significant correlations (P > 0.2) were not found between the Periotest values of the calcium-phosphate-coated and uncoated implants for (1) the first thread in contact with bone, or (2) with the total number of threads in contact with bone. It was concluded that the radiologic data overscored the real marginal bone level around screw-shaped oral implants, and that the Periotest device is neither able to discriminate between the first thread nor between the total number of threads in contact with bone.
Design and Implementation of a Real-time Traffic Light Control System Based on FPGA

In this paper, the design and implementation of a real-time traffic light control system based on Fieldprogrammable Gate Array (FPGA) technology is reported. The traffic light control system is designed with VHDL language. Its function was verified with simulation. After that, the VHDL design was downloaded to FPGA board hardware to verify its function in experiment. The designed traffic light control system was shown to work properly as expected. Keywords—Traffic Light Control System, Field-programmable
The Robust Control of Magnetic Suspension with Rapidly Changing of Rotor Speed

An optimal robust vibration control of a rotor supported magnetically over a wide angular speed range is presented in the paper. The laboratory stand with the high speed rotor (max. 24000 rpm) was designed. The wide bandwidth controller with required gain, which is necessary to stabilize the structurally unstable and active magnetic bearing system was computed. For controller design, the weighting functions putted on the input and output signals were chosen. For control design, the dynamics of the rotor and uncertain parameters were considered. The optimized control system by minimization of the H norm putted on transient process of the system was presented. The robust controller was designed with considered asymmetrically magnetic bearings, signal limits and power amplifiers dynamic. The success of the robust control is demonstrated through computer simulations and experimental results. Matlab-Simulink was used for the numerical simulation. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the control system as good vibrations reducing and robustness of the designed controller in all dynamic states.
Efficient error detection codes for multiple-bit upset correction in SRAMs with BICS

Memories are one of the most widely used elements in electronic systems, and their reliability when exposed to Single Events Upsets (SEUs) has been studied extensively. As transistor sizes shrink, Multiple Bits Upsets (MBUs) are becoming an increasingly important factor in the reliability of memories exposed to radiation effects. To address this issue, Built-in Current Sensors (BICS) have recently been applied in conjunction with Single Error Correction/Double Error Detection (SEC-DED) codes to protect memories from MBUs. In this article, this approach is taken one step further, proposing specific codes optimized to be combined with BICS to provide protection against MBUs in memories. By exploiting the locality of errors within an MBU and the error detection and location capabilities of BICS, the proposed codes result in both a better protection level and a reduced cost compared with the existing SEC-DED approach.
Bag of Works Retrieval: TF*IDF Weighting of Co-cited Works

Although it is not presently possible in any system, the style of retrieval described here combines familiar components—co-citation linkages of documents and TF*IDF weighting of terms—in a novel way that could be implemented in citation-enhanced digital libraries of the future. Rather than entering keywords, the user enters a string identifying a work, called a seed, to retrieve the strings identifying other works that are co-cited with the seed. Each of the latter is part of a “bag of works,” and it presumably has both a co-citation count with the seed and an overall citation count in the database. These two counts can be plugged into a standard formula for TF*IDF weighting such that all the co-cited items can be ranked for relevance to the seed. The result is analogous to, but different from, traditional “bag of words” retrieval. Certain properties of the ranking are illustrated with the top and bottom items co-cited with a classic paper by Marcia J. Bates, “The design of browsing and berrypicking techniques for the online search interface. ” However, the properties apply to bag of works retrievals in general and have implications for users (e.g., humanities scholars, domain analysts) that go beyond any one example.
Co-active learning to adapt humanoid movement for manipulation

In this paper we address the problem of interactive robot movement adaptation under various environmental constraints. A common approach is to adopt motion primitives to generate target motions from demonstrations. However, their generalization capability is weak for novel environments. Additionally, traditional motion generation methods do not consider versatile constraints from different users, tasks, and environments. In this work, we propose a co-active learning framework for learning to adapt the movement of robot end-effectors for manipulation tasks. It is designed to adapt the original imitation trajectories, which are learned from demonstrations, to novel situations with different constraints. The framework also considers user feedback towards the adapted trajectories, and it learns to adapt movement through human-in-the-loop interactions. Experiments on a humanoid platform validate the effectiveness of our approach.
A lattice based authentication for low-cost RFID

Security and privacy are major threats for the RFID technology today. First, the RFID passive tags prevailing in most of the RFID applications are very limited in processing power, so they cannot perform complex computations. Second, there are no RFID authentication protocols that can support both scalability and privacy at low complexity cost. In this paper, we present an adaptation of NTRU public cryptosystem for low-cost RFID tags and new efficient asymmetrical challenge/response RFID mutual authentication protocol for low-cost RFID systems based on this NTRU's adaptation. Thanks to properties of the polynomial ring in which NTRU operates we have ensured that the tag encrypts challenges using only addition and right circular shifts. The proposed authentication protocol guarantees privacy, high scalability level and low implementation complexity. It takes advantages of NTRU and HMAC features, and is resistant to all the classical security attacks including replays, tracking, man in the middle attacks, etc.
A view invariant gait cycle segmentation for ambient monitoring

Gait analysis has many clinical applications in disease detection and treatment evaluation. Gait cycle segmentation is a critical component in gait analysis for timing the gait phases in evaluating many movement disorders. Computer vision techniques have been widely used in surveillance for security monitoring. They are nonintrusive and do not require cooperation from subjects. In this paper, we propose to leverage the videos from existing surveillance monitoring systems to provide long-term and ambient assessments of gait patterns from subjects' daily activity without the requirement of wearing a device. Our proposed method is a novel view-independent method for gait cycle segmentation. We use the temporal duration of spatial features to achieve fast, robust and accurate gait cycle segmentation. The method take videos from a single non-calibrated camera and is not limited by specific viewing angles of the subject.