Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Project of Increasing Oil Recovery from UAE Reservoirs Using Bacteria Flooding

Due to the recent decline in oil prices, most of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes, and especially the ones typically recommended for light crude such as micelles, polymer, or miscible gas injection processes have become economically unattractive. The oil industry currently is in dire need of a reasonable cost process that can both technically and economically be successful. For this reason, a tremendous amount of research effort was directed at UAE University to investigate the possibility of using bacteria, which is a minor cost material, to improve the oil recovery in UAE oil reservoirs. This project focused initially on the study of the interfacial tension (IFT) between crudes from four different UAE reservoirs (BH, UZ, St, and UAD) and a thermophilic bacteria solution. The bacteria were obtained from local water tanks. The system temperature was varied between 30°-100°C and salinity ranged from 0 to 100,000 ppm. Tertiary bacteria solution core flooding experiments were then performed using carbonate rocks at reservoir conditions without injection of nutrient with the bacteria during the core flooding experiments. A good amount of effort was directed, throughout the work, to characterize the bacteria used and identify the mechanism by which bacteria works to improve the oil recovery. Results of these laboratory studies show an abrupt reduction in IFT at high salinity and high temperature (i.e. reservoir condition) for all studied systems except for the St crude, which was sulfur rich. The IFT decreased from 40 dynes/cm to 0.07 dynes/cm for most of the studied systems. Also, tertiary bacteria flooding at reservoir conditions, on average, resulted in an incremental oil recovery of 15 to 20% of the pore volume.
Studies on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Dump Diffusers for Modern Aircraft Engines

The geometrical optimization of dump diffusers are extremely demanding as the flow fields and stress fields are very complex and must be well understood to achieve the required design efficiencies. In this paper parametric analytical studies have been carried out for examining the aerodynamics characteristics of different dump diffusers for modern aircraft engines. Numerical studies have been carried out using SST K- ω turbulence model. This code solves SST k- ω turbulence equations using the coupled second order implicit unsteady formulation. In the numerical study, a fully implicit finite volume scheme of the compressible, Reynolds-Averaged, Navier-Stokes equations is employed. We concluded that in addition to the dump gap ratio, the aerodynamic shape of the flame tube case and the other geometric variables are also need to be optimized judiciously after considering the fluid dynamic constraints for controlling the pressure recovery and the losses.
INOCULAÇÃO E ADUBAÇÃO MINERAL EM FEIJÃO-CAUPI: EFEITOS NA NODULAÇÃO, CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE 1 INOCULATION AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION IN COWPEA: EFFECTS ON NODULATION, PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD

The nodulation and growth of legumes have influences of nutrients contained in the soil, mainly P, K and Mo. The present study aimed to evaluate, in field, the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium elkanii and soil fertilized with P, K and Mo on nodulation, plant growth and yield in cowpea (BRS Guariba). The experiment was carried out in an experimental area at Teresina, PI. The treatments were disposed in a completely randomized block with six treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of presence and absence of soil fertilization with P, K and Mo and planted with seeds inoculated or noninoculated. In the treatment with inoculation, an inoculant was used containing Bradyrhizobium elkanii, strain BR 3262. The sowing was conduced out in plots of 3.2 m x 5.0 m and the collect of data was conduced to the 35 and 50 days after plant emergence (DAE) for the determination of nodulation and plant growth. The yield was determined 58 DAE. Differences were not verified among the treatments to root and shoot dry weight and increase in N at 35 DAE, to root dry weight at 50 DAE and to grain yield. In soil with appropriate P, K content, the inoculation with Bradyrhizobium elkanii plus P, K and Mo fertilization not contributed to increase in the nodule number and dry weight and nor either of the grain yield of cowpea.
Thermal stress related packaging failure in power IGBT modules

Thermomechanical stress behavior and its influence on the reliability of large area die bonding of 400 A/1200 V IGBT modules were studied in this paper. The forming and growing process of voids and cracks in the solder layers of fine-prepared IGBT cross sectional samples was quasi-dynamically observed during thermal cycling test. In consideration of the thermal mismatch in IGBT packaging, thermal stress behavior in an IGBT sandwich structure versus temperature changes, was numerically simulated and supported by the experimental results.
The Affect of Students’ Perceptions About Return, Risk and Operational Supervision on Student Investment Intentions in Agriculture

This study aims to predict student investment intentions in agriculture. The questions in this study are whether students' perceptions of return affect student investment intentions in agriculture, whether students' perceptions of risk affect student investment intentions in agriculture and whether students' perceptions of operational supervision affect student intentions in agriculture. The method used in this research is quantitative method. The research design used an explanatory survey approach. The survey was conducted on students in the province of Banten. The sampling method was purposive sampling. The questionnaire is used to collect data from respondents. Respondents in the study were 400 respondents. Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach using the LISREL 8.80 tool. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The measurement model test was carried out by using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach. The feasibility test of the model uses 9 indicators of Goodness of Fit (GOFI). Based on the results of the influence test using T-values, students' perceptions of return influenced student investment intentions in agriculture (T-values 3.79> 1.69), student perceptions of risk influenced student investment intentions in agriculture (Tvalues = 2.61 > 1.69) and students' perceptions of operational supervision influenced student investment intentions in agriculture (T-values 7.49> 1.69).
Implementation of total quality management in Bangladesh power generating sector: progress and problems

Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) is the largest organisation of Bangladesh in power sector. BPDB has initiated some reforms to increase its managerial strength. For this purpose, it has been implementing total quality management (TQM) in 190 offices of BPDB since 2002. From 2002 to till date, is a long period of time but achievement of TQM implementation is not up to the mark. To make the implementation process faster, it requires identifying and removing the road blocks to its success. The objectives of this study are to identify the obstacles to implement TQM in BPDB and to make possible suggestions to remove these obstacles. The study identified nine factors, such as lack of higher management commitment and monitoring, Collective Bargaining Agent, improper training programme, etc., as the barriers to successful implementation of TQM. So, an understanding and removing these factors would help the BPDB to advance TQM implementation process.
Advances in Understanding of Ion Effects in Electron Storage Rings

Ion instability, in which beam motion couples with trapped ions in an accelerator, is a serious concern for highbrightness electron storage rings. For the APS-Upgrade, we plan to mitigate coherent ion instability using a compensated gap scheme. To study incoherent effects (such as emittance growth), an IONEFFECTS element has been incorporated into the particle tracking code elegant. The simulations include multiple ionization, transverse impedance, and charge variation between bunches. Once these effects are included, the simulations show good agreement with measurements at the present APS. We have also installed a gas injection system, which creates a controlled pressure bump of Nitrogen gas in a short section of the APS ring. The resulting ion instability was studied under a wide variety of beam conditions. For cases with no or insufficient train gaps, large emittance growth was observed. IONEFFECTS simulations of the gas injection experiment and APS-U storage ring show the possibility of runaway emittance blowup, where the blown-up beam traps more ions, driving further instability.
Hybrid deep learning model using recurrent neural network and gated recurrent unit for heart disease prediction

This paper proposes a new hybrid deep learning model for heart disease prediction using recurrent neural network (RNN) with the combination of multiple gated recurrent units (GRU), long short-term memory (LSTM) and Adam optimizer. This proposed model resulted in an outstanding accuracy of 98.6876% which is the highest in the existing model of RNN. The model was developed in Python 3.7 by integrating RNN in multiple GRU that operates in Keras and Tensorflow as the backend for deep learning process, supported by various Python libraries. The recent existing models using RNN have reached an accuracy of 98.23% and deep neural network (DNN) has reached 98.5%. The common drawbacks of the existing models are low accuracy due to the complex build-up of the neural network, high number of neurons with redundancy in the neural network model and imbalance datasets of Cleveland. Experiments were conducted with various customized model, where results showed that the proposed model using RNN and multiple GRU with synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTe) has reached the best performance level. This is the highest accuracy result for RNN using Cleveland datasets and much promising for making an early heart disease prediction for the patients.
Estimation of Carbon Content in the Páramo Ecosystem of Pasa Population, Ambato Canton, Tungurahua Province

The stored carbon content was determined based on a randomized stratified experimental design by type of vegetation; three sampling units of 400 m2 each were installed, from 3600–4100 m.s.n.m. , with intervals of 150 m of altitude. The inventory of herbaceous vegetation was taken using the GLORIA method. For the sampling of the aerial biomass and necromass in the plot, circular subplots were constructed, and the samples were collected in 4 quadrants of 0.25 m2, two in each subplot. Samples of 0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm were taken from the soil profile, and the percentage of organic carbon in the soil and the apparent density were evaluated. The results indicate a floristic diversity represented by 44 species, 39 of herbaceous vegetation and 5 of tree vegetation. The carbon content stored in aerial biomass returned a value of 83.88 tC⋅ha−1 for herbaceous vegetation and 158.50 tC⋅ha−1 in tree vegetation, and in terms of necromass, returned values of 0.89 tC-ha−1 and 7.40 tC-ha−1, respectively. The carbon stored in the soil at a depth of 20 cm is 111.84 tC- ha−1 for herbaceous vegetation and 122.45 tC-ha−1 for tree vegetation. Keywords: ecosystem, paramo, tree vegetation, carbon, biomass. Resumen Se determinó el contenido de carbono almacenado en base a un diseño experimental estratificado al azar por tipo de vegetación, se instalaron tres unidades de muestreo de 400 m2 cada una, a partir de 3600–4100 m.s.n.m; con intervalos de 150 m de altitud. El inventario de la vegetación herbácea mediante el método GLORIA, Para el muestreo de la biomasa aérea y necromasa en la parcela se anidaron subparcelas circulares, se recolecto las muestras en 4 cuadrantes de 0.25m2 dos en cada subparcela. En el comportamiento suelo se tomaron muestras de 0–20 cm, 20–40 cm y de 40–60 cm, se evaluó el porcentaje de carbono orgánico en el suelo y la densidad aparente. Los resultados indican una diversidad florística representada por 44 especies, 39 de la vegetación herbácea y 5 de la vegetación arbórea. El contenido de carbono almacenado en la biomasa aérea reporto un valor de 83,88 tC⋅ha−1 para vegetación herbácea y de 158,50 tC⋅ha−1 en la vegetación arbórea, en cuanto a necromasa con valores de 0,89 tC-ha−1 y de 7,40 tC-ha−1 respectivamente. El carbono almacenado en el suelo a 20 cm de profundidad es de 111.84 tC-ha−1 la vegetación herbácea y de 122,45 tC-ha−1 para la vegetación arbórea. Palabras clave: ecosistema, paramo, vegetación arbórea, carbono, biomasa.
Drivers’ preferences and emotional responses to satellite navigation voices

Auditory experiences in vehicles are shaped not only by engine and road noise, but also by the technology used by drivers. The ubiquitous satellite navigation system (satnav) is an easily accessible and widely used device which produces realistic vocal utterances during driving. A desktop study investigated subjects’ responses to satnav voices. Fifty participants rated 36 typical messages provided by 12 different satnav voices using seven-point Likert-style scales. Participants readily assigned human personality-type traits to the voices and indicated different preferences for everyday and one-off use. Strong positive correlations existed between ratings for the trustworthiness, assertiveness, and clarity of a voice and the likelihood of that voice being selected for use everyday. Conversely, strong negative correlations existed between the annoyance and distraction of voices and everyday use. These relationships existed despite the fact that message content and delivery remained equivalent across all voices. Conclusions are drawn regarding the implications for design.
Reduced volatility of aerosols from surface emissions to the top of the planetary boundary layer

Abstract. Aerosols from surface emission can be transported upwards through convective mixing in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), which subsequently interact with clouds, serving as important sources to nucleate droplets or ice particles. However, the evolution of aerosol composition during this vertical transport has yet to be explicitly understood. In this study, simultaneous measurements of detailed aerosol compositions were conducted at two sites, namely urban Beijing (50 m above sea level – a.s.l.) and Haituo mountain (1344 m a.s.l.) during wintertime, representing the anthropogenically polluted surface environment and the top of the PBL, respectively. The pollutants from surface emissions were observed to reach the mountain site on daily basis through daytime PBL convective mixing. From the surface to the top of PBL, we found efficient transport or formation of lower-volatility species (black carbon, sulfate, and low-volatile organic aerosol, OA); however, a notable reduction in semivolatile substances, such as the fractions of nitrate and semivolatile OA reduced by 74 % and 76 %, respectively, during the upward transport. This implies that the mass loss of these semivolatile species was driven by the evaporation process, which repartitioned the condensed semivolatile substances to the gas phase when aerosols were transported and exposed to a cleaner environment. In combination with the oxidation processes, these led to an enhanced oxidation state of OA at the top of the PBL compared to surface environment, with an increase of oxygen to carbon atomic ratio by 0.2. Such a reduction in aerosol volatility during vertical transport may be important in modifying its viscosity, nucleation activity, and atmospheric lifetime.
Behaviour of Ferritic Stainless Steel Bolted T‐stubs Under Tension‐Part 2: Numerical Investigations

Following the experimental study on EN 1.4003 ferritic stainless steel T‐stubs in tension discussed in the companion paper, this study reports the development and validation of an advanced FE model that can predict the overall behaviour and failure modes of ferritic stainless steel bolted T‐stubs subjected to tension. Key simulation strategies regarding the modelling of bolt geometry and overcoming numerical instabilities are discussed. Following the determination of material properties in the longitudinal, transverse and diagonal direction reported in the companion paper, the effect of allowing for anisotropy in the FE simulations is investigated and modelling recommendations for its inclusion in FE models are made. Moreover, the effect of bolt end and edge spacing on the joint plastic resistance, ultimate capacity, ductility as well as overall response is comprehensively discussed by inspecting the stress distribution through the plate thickness at various locations along the T‐stub, thus revealing both the flexural and the membrane component of the load transfer mechanism. The numerical results were validated against the experimental results reported in the companion paper in terms of predicted plastic and ultimate resistance, ductility and obtained failure modes. On the basis of the obtained results and the discussion, modeling recommendations for the simulation of stainless steel T‐stubs are made.
Giant ice rings in southern Baikal: multi-satellite data help to study ice cover dynamics and eddies under ice

Abstract. Ice cover on lakes is subject to atmospheric forcing from above and the influence of water dynamics and heat flux from below. One characteristic example of these influences in some large lakes, such as Lake Baikal in Russia, are the giant ice rings and the associated eddies under the ice cover. In April 2020 a giant ice ring appeared in southern Baikal, and a lens-like eddy was detected below the ice. We analysed the temporal changes of ice cover using satellite images from multiple satellite missions – MODIS on Terra and Aqua, Sentinel-1 SAR, Sentinel 2 MSI, Landsat 8, PlanetScope, satellite photography from the International Space Station, and radar altimetry data from Jason-3. Satellite imagery and meteorological data show unusual temporal changes of ice colour in April 2020, which were explained by water infiltration into the ice followed by the competing influences of cold air from above and the warm eddy below the ice. Tracking of ice floe displacement also makes it possible to estimate eddy currents and their influence on the upper water layer. Multi-satellite data contribute to a better understanding of the development of ice cover in the presence of eddies, the role of eddies in horizontal and vertical heat and mass exchange, and their impact on the chemistry and biology of the lakes and on human activity.
Cellular Phone Distracted Driving: A Review of the Literature and Summary of Crash and Driver Characteristics in California

The present study reviews the literature on cell phone-distracted driving including the effectiveness of legislative efforts to reduce the behavior. It also reports results of descriptive analyses characterizing crashes and drivers involved in police-reported, cell phone-distracted crashes in California. Cell phone use in the U.S. is widespread and increasing. People tend to support legislative efforts to limit the use of cell phones while driving despite the fact that many continue to engage in the behavior. Empirical and observational research consistently shows a negative impact of cell phone use on driving performance and crash risk. The present study extracted data from the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System database pertaining to crashes that occurred between 2003 and 2011 in California. These data were examined at two levels: crash and driver. Crash analyses revealed that most crashes did not involve inattention. When they did, non-cell phone inattention was more common than cell phone inattention and hand-held phone use was more commonly associated with crashes than hands-free. The most common primary crash factor for cell phone-related fatal/injury crashes was traveling at an unsafe speed. A larger percentage of cell phone-related fatal/injury crashes occurred during the workweek than on the weekend, and more occurred in the afternoon than in the morning or night. Driver analyses revealed that 21 to 30 year-old drivers accounted for the largest percentage of drivers involved in cell phone-related fatal/injury crashes. Males accounted for more cell phone-related fatal/injury crashes than females. Finally, drivers reported as using a cell phone at the time of fatal/injury crashes were more likely to be found at fault, and were slightly more likely to be found at fault than those using hands-free devices.
Nurses' perceived work environment in the public sector tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan

Aim: Aim of the study is to evaluate nurses’ perceptions regarding their work environment in the public sector tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted from March-July 2019. Multi stage sampling method was selected. First we obtained four strata of the total 13 hospitals and then randomly selected four hospitals from the four strata. Three hundred and thirty-nine registered nurses were proportionately recruited from the each hospital through simple random sampling into the study from four major tertiary care teaching hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. A self-reported scale Perceived work environment and nurses work index (PWES&NWI) was distributed among the study participants. Grand mean score 2.5 for taken for unfavorable work condition.Results: In a sample of 339(80%) of the nurses were female while the mean age of the participants was 30.8 years. Grand mean scores of the four components namely: nurse participation in hospital affairs, nurse foundation for quality of care, nurse manager ability and, availability of adequate resources were >2.5 except collegial nurse-physician relationship grand mean was 2.3. These results indicate that nurse’s work environment was unfavorable for practice. There was a statistically significant association between gender, current work units, and education with the five subscales of the nurse’s work environment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nurse’s perceived their work environment in public tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is unfavorable for nursing practice.The findings of the current study may provide empirical support for developing a framework of nurses’ work environment in the future.