Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Governance Vis-à-Vis Investment Efficiency: Substitutes or Complementary in Their Effects on Disclosure Practice

Prior studies provide evidence that both corporate governance and corporate investment efficiency affect corporate disclosure practice. In this paper, we examine their joint effect on disclosure. In particular, we examine whether corporate governance quality and corporate investment efficiency act as substitutes or complements in their impact on narrative disclosure. We collect disclosure scores from Lancaster University’s Corporate Financial Information Environment (CFIE) website for a sample of non-financial UK companies for the period 2007–2014. We regress measures of corporate governance and corporate investment efficiency on two different proxies of disclosure practice (performance commentaries disclosure and the tone of narrative disclosure). Consistent with prior studies, we find that both governance and investment efficiency affect disclosure. We contribute to narrative disclosure studies in two crucial respects. First, we provide empirical evidence that governance and investment efficiency has a complementary effect on performance commentaries disclosure. Second, we contribute to the disclosure tone literature by providing empirical evidence that both governance and investment efficiency have a substitution effect on the tone of narrative disclosure.
Accumulative weekly load in a professional football team: with special reference to match playing time and game position

The aim of this study was to compare weekly accumulative load during the in-season competitive period by professional soccer players according to the amount of time played in official matches (90-min, >60-min, <60-min, and 0-min) regarding the players’ position. Twenty-four professional outfield football players were monitored by GPS devices during training sessions and official matches and the accumulative weekly load were calculated for the following external load variables: total distance (TD; m), high speed running (HSR; >19.8 km·h-1), sprint meters (SPR; >25.2 km·h-1), high metabolic load distance (HMLD; >25.5 W·kg-1), number of accelerations (ACC; >3 m·s-2) and decelerations (DEC; <-3 m·s-2). This study revealed that players (as a whole o per demarcation) with more match playing time had a higher accumulative weekly load for most of the variables, but particularly at TD and HMLD (90-min and >60-min vs. <60-min and 0-min), HSR (90-min vs. <60-min and 0-min) and SPR (90-min vs. <60-min and 0-min). In addition, less positional variation was observed in relation to the competition requirements. This information would allow coaches to refine the required load with the objective of optimizing performance to soccer players.
How Can Marriage Immigrants Contribute to the Sustainability of the Host Country? Implications from the Leisure and Travel Patterns of Vietnamese Women in South Korea

This qualitative exploratory study focuses on marriage immigrant women and explores the possibility they might contribute to the sustainability of the host country. A sustainable society, the contribution of visiting friends and relatives (VFR) tourism to destination sustainability, information behavior, and fringe stakeholder involvement for sustainable destination management are the focus of this study. Vietnamese marriage immigrant women in South Korea were investigated; the reasons for the investigation include: their increasing numbers, their significance caused by the roles both at the household and the societal levels, and the increased diplomatic ties between Vietnam and South Korea. The narratives of 16 informants about their leisure, hosting of friends and relatives, and information sharing patterns show that Vietnamese marriage immigrant women’s leisure and travel facilitate their subjective well-being and the enhancement of social capital, which potentially contribute to a sustainable society. Their hosting experience of the visits of friends and relatives, and its implications for sustainability, are further discussed. Furthermore, their roles as information mediators suggest their potential to contribute to the formation of the host country reputation. Self-appraisal of their unique travel patterns provides implications for involving this group for destination management. We consider both their importance and constraints as contributors to the host country attaining sustainability, and the implications are discussed.
Manganese, lead and strontium bioaccumulation in the tissues of the yellowfish, Barbus marequensis from the lower Olifants River, Eastern Transvaal

The bioaccumulation of manganese, lead and strontium in the freshwater fish (Barbus marequensis) from the lower Olifants River, E. Transvaal, was investigated. The highest concentrations of these metals were detected in the vertebrae and gills. The localities in the Kruger National Park did not differ significantly from each other and therefore no clear indication as to where the highest bioaccumulation had occurred, could be established. However,the highest manganese and strontium levels occurred in fish from the Selati River. For the future monitoring of manganese, lead and strontium levels in bony fish, it is suggested that bony tissues (e.g. vertebrae, opercular bone or scales), gills, liver and muscle tissue are used.
Effect of cavity design and material type on fracture resistance and failure pattern of molars restored by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing inlays/onlays

Background: The maximum conservation of tooth structure and the use of restorative materials with elastic modulus close to the dental structure may promote greater longevity of the tooth/restoration complex. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cavity design and material type on fracture resistance and failure pattern of molars restored by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) inlays/onlays. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 55 human maxillary molars were embedded in resin blocks and divided into control group (CG) and five main groups: Group 1: Inlay, Group 2: Conventional onlay/mesiobuccal (MB), Group 3: Conservative onlay/MB, Group 4: Conventional onlay/MB and distobuccal (DB), and Group 5: Conservative onlay/MB and DB. Then, each group was divided into two subgroups: (A) CeraSmart (CS) and (B) Katana Zirconia (KZ). Restorations were cemented by RelyX Ultimate and then thermocycled. The universal testing machine was used to measure fracture loads. Failure was determined using a magnifying lens. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: Group 5 showed the highest significant fracture load, whereas the least significant value was recorded in Group 2. KZ recorded higher significant fracture loads than CS in all tested groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 restored by CS showed lower fracture load than CG, but the difference was insignificant with Group 1. CS restorations showed restorable failure, while unrestorable pattern was predominant in KZ restorations (P < 0.05). Conclusion: KZ inlays and onlays can be used safely in terms of fracture resistance as both have values exceed the physiologic requirements. CS inlays and onlays/MB and DB are of fracture resistance comparable to intact teeth. The use of conservative onlay design with more cusp coverage guarantees better resistance of CS restorations. Being force absorbing material, the predominant failure of teeth restored by CS was restorable.
QUANTIFICATION OF COMBAT TEAM SURVIVABILITY WITH HIGH POWER RF DIRECTED ENERGY WEAPONS

Modern combat teams face an increasingly complex battlefield, where threats may arise from a number of different sources. Examples include not only conventional attacks through rocket propelled grenades but also improvised explosive devices and weaponised unmanned aerial vehicles. Combat teams can now be equipped with sophisticated surveillance and reconnaissance capability, as well as automatically activated defences. The focus of this paper is to consider the utility of collaborative active protection systems, which are designed to provide an active defence against threats to a combat team. Specifically, a general statistical framework for the analysis of such systems is introduced, with a particular focus on high power radio frequency directed energy weapon countermeasures. The mathematical model allows for a subset of the combat team to be responsible for target detection and tracking, and a time-varying subset of team members with suitable countermeasures to be specified separately. The overall probability of threat defeat and team survivability is then derived. Some examples are provided to investigate the utility of such systems.
Review of short-run performance of initial public offerings in Australia

How to cite this paper: Ferdous, L. T. , Withanalage, N. P., & Zaman, A. A. Q. (2021). Review of short-run performance of initial public offerings in Australia. Corporate Ownership & Control, 18(2), 188-200. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv18i2art16 Copyright © 2021 The Authors This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
Do the clinical findings correlate with the severity of the pneumonia in foals?

Bronchopneumonia in horse-breeding plays a major role in the first few months of life in foals. The disease occurs worldwide and as prevention is difficult, early diagnosis and adequate monitoring are important in order to reduce losses. The actual study is expected to determine clinical parameters that indicate a worsening of pneumonia early in order to facilitate the monitoring of sick foals and to analyse the relationship between age at diagnosis, severity of the disease and prognosis. The prospective clinical study was designed four groups of foals with pulmonary lesions of different severity. The foals were monitored for two weeks after diagnosis. A subclinical or clinical pneumonia was diagnosed in 465 foals by means of ultrasonographic examination of the lung. Foals with findings in the ultrasonographic examination were tested at random for bacterial pathogens by microbiological culture. Tracheobronchial aspirates were sampled via endoscope. Clinical examination (rectal temperature, auscultation of trachea and lungs) and ultrasonographic examination of the lung were performed weekly for the two weeks following the day of diagnosis. A total of 135 foals had small pulmonary lesions and received no antibiotic treatment, 221 foals had a mild and were treated with sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, 92 foals had a moderate, they were treated with rifampin and tulathromycin and 66 foals a severe pneumonia, which were treated with rifampin and azithromycin. Of all 53 foals sampled for airway pathogens, in 14 foals Rhodococcus equi was isolated and in 40 foals Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus was identified. All recovered fully within a maximum of 9.5 weeks of treatment; 47 foals with mild to severe pneumonia needed a change of treatment, because the first choice of antibiotics failed to cure the foals. Fever was observed in 23 % of the foals with small pulmonary lesions, which is significantly less (p < 0.0001) than in the 60 % of foals with severe pneumonia. Auscultation findings in the lung and trachea were more frequent with the increasing severity of the pneumonia, but significantly different only between groups 1 and 4 (p < 0.018). The average age at diagnosis in all groups was 102 days, but foals which needed a change of treatment were significantly younger (80 days; p < 0.0001). Regarding the three signs studied, fever is the best indicator of a more severe progression of disease and worsening of the pneumonia that leads to a change of treatment. The age of foals at diagnosis showed no difference regarding the severity of ultrasonographic findings, but foals that needed a change of antibiotics were significantly younger than the others. Therefore, young foals with pneumonia need to be monitored closely, even if the age at diagnosis did not correlate with the severity of the pneumonia.
Global citizenship education (GCE) in internationalisation: COIL as alternative Thirdspace

ABSTRACT In the current scenario of dispersed knowledge authorities and uncertainty brought by the Covid-19 pandemic, a critical reflection on the nationalist and anti-global climate is necessary to support the promotion of alternative ways of Global Citizenship Education (GCE). This paper addresses some of the criticism raised at the concept of GCE to discuss Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) as an alternative Thirdspace for promoting intercultural encounters in the internationalisation of higher education, in order to cope with local, national and global tensions in this process, with a ‘glonacal’ view that accounts for the role of individuals, local/national governments and higher education in it.
Baseball pitching and softball pitching: Why the perplexity?

Traditionally, the baseball pitch is considered overhanded or overhead while the softball pitch is underhanded. Within this traditional rhetoric, one assumes vast differences in the two pitching styles and thus, the common misconception of the underhand softball pitch producing less stress to the upper extremity when compared to the overhand baseball pitch. Though if we take a step away from the traditional rhetoric, we can describe both the baseball and softball pitch as dynamic upper extremity movements that requires the body to efficiently generate and transfer energy in a proximal to distal sequencing. The reality is that the true difference between the two pitches is the arm slot. *Correspondence to: Gretchen D Oliver PhD, FACSM, ATC, CES, Professor, School of Kinesiology, Sports Medicine & Movement Lab, Auburn University, USA, E-mail: gdo0001@auburn.edu
Hijacked by Hope: Dynamics of Mission Drift and Identity Dilution in a Nonprofit Organization

This article addresses how organizational identity and mission are constructed and reproduced over time through processes of remembering and forgetting. Building on literature that views organizational memory as a strategic resource, this paper showcases the enabling effects of history, memory, and the past for organiza- tional resilience and survival. Although temporal narratives may be employed as rhetorical tools to construct coherency between the past, present, and future, we find they also have the potential of sidetracking and hijacking an organization’s direction. Our study shows how an excessive focus on the future can cause mission drift and identity dilution. However, the identity dilution can be resolved through revisiting and remembering the past. The organizational past is not merely a strategic resource for identity construction, it is also a temporal anchor from which the organization may (re)discover its original purpose. The findings are based on a qualitative, in-depth, ethnographic case study of a nonprofit organization whose goal is to establish a national network of local school gardens.
SONOGRAPHIC REFERENCE LUMINAL DIAMETER OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AMONG SUBJECTS IN NIGERIA

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a reference luminal diameter (LD) of the abdominal aorta (AA) in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods: The LD of the AA of 422 male and female healthy subjects was measured sonographically using standard protocol. The relationship between age, body mass index (BMI), gender, and the LD of the AA was determined in the subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient at p < 0.05 level of significance. Results: The values of the LD of the AA in the healthy subjects were 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The 5th and 95th percentile normal reference limits of the AA were 14.20–16.10 mm, respectively. There were no significant differences in the LD measurements in male and female subjects. Age correlated strongly positively with LD (ɼ=0.90) of the AA in both genders. BMI showed weak positive correlation with LD (ɼ=0.136) of the AA in female healthy subjects only. Conclusion: The reference LD of the AA in the study population was 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The LD of the AA increased proportionately with age.
Phytochemical screening of Saye, a traditional herbal remedy for malaria

phytochemical assay was conducted to establish the chemical profile of “Saye”, a mixture of leaf of Cassia alata, root of Cochlospermum planchonii and whole plant of Phyllantus amarus , used as antimarial remedy. Water and organic extracts were prepared. Characterization of phytoconstituents using specific chemical reagents was performed in tubes, by thin layer chromatography and by high performance liquid chromatography. Steroids and/or triterpenes, cathechic tannins were identified in the decocted and the macerated water extracts of “Saye”. An anthraquinone with a retention time Rt corresponding to 3.34 min was identified by the HPLC analysis. © 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords : Chemical profile, anthraquinones, steroids, triterpenes, tannins.
Mathematical Representations in Magazine Advertisements: Have the Messages Changed in a Decade?

Although people's ideas about mathematics and mathematicians often develop from their school and home experiences, such ideas also are influenced by interactions with popular media. In this article, I report on findings from a study in which I analyzed magazine advertisements for representations of mathematics and mathematicians. Data collection took place in two phases, approximately a decade apart. In each phase, I reviewed a year’s worth of issues in each of six diverse, popular magazines for mathematical representations in advertisements. The frequency of mathematical advertisements decreased from Phase 1 to Phase 2, but the initial frequency was already extremely low, indicating mathematics’ invisibility in popular media. This lack of representation may be due to mathematics not being seen as a “cool” way to sell a product or service since mathematics is linked to many negative stereotypes. The representations were similar in the two phases, with mathematics often depicted in stereotypical ways, such as being difficult or stressful. People rarely featured in the mathematical advertisements, which serves to further dehumanize mathematics. Generally, the findings were consistent with those from studies of other popular media, such as movies and books.
Anaerobic treatment of liquid by-products from hydrothermal carbonization of biomass

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology to convert highly wet biogenic residues into a solid product similar to lignite. Most studies focus on maximizing the solid yield and on various solid product applications. However, as HTC takes place in water, intermediates dissolve in the liquid phase resulting in a carbon loss of the feedstock leaving behind a highly contaminated process liquor. This study investigated the use of HTC process liquor as feedstock for anaerobic digestion (AD). HTC process liquor is rich in common AD metabolites like organic acids but can also contain inhibiting compounds like phenol. Therefore, the e ect of varying HTC process parameters and the use of phenol as sole carbon source for AD were also investigated. The first AD experiments compared two di erent reactor types treating HTC process liquor for 13 weeks at mesophilic conditions. An anaerobic filter (AF) proved to be more stable than a conventional stirred-tank reactor. Based on these results, AD experiments continued using two larger AFs operated at di erent temperatures. The degradation of organic compounds was still e ective when increasing the organic loading rate up to 5 gCOD L−1 d−1 and similarly decreasing the hydraulic retention time to five days. Thermophilic AD at an increased temperature had no distinct e ect on degradation e ciency nor on methane production. Using liquid condensate from a steam-derived HTC process was also very e ective in both AFs. However, a longer startup of 15 days was necessary and phenol degradation was negatively influenced by an increased digestion temperature. Individual HTC experiments emphasized the influence of the feedstock for HTC on process water characteristics. Reaction severity had a significant influence on process water composition in terms of varying concentrations of inhibitory compounds like phenol and furfural. The anaerobic degradation of pure phenol was also proven to be successful, whereas phenol degradation was limited when feeding liquid HTC condensate. However, AD of liquid HTC by-products was proven successful.
Defeating Cache Timing Channels with Hardware Prefetchers

<italic>Editor’s note:</italic> This article proposes a framework to mitigate cache timing attacks. The framework identifies attacks and targets by monitoring the cache access pattern and counteracts them by injecting noise using hardware prefetcher. —<italic>Rosario Cammarota, Intel Labs</italic> —<italic>Francesco Regazzoni, University of Amsterdam and Università della Svizzera Italiana</italic>
Effect of integrated nutrient management and weed control practices on growth and yield attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in rice-groundnut cropping system

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kendrapara, Odisha during kharif and rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 in rice-groundnut cropping system under irrigated medium land situation. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture with pH of 5.7, organic carbon of 0.52% having available soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 390.9 kg/ha, 10.1 kg/ha and 190.1 kg/ha respectively. Rice crop (var. Sahabhagi dhan) was transplanted in kharif season taking nine treatments having three levels of nutrient management practice and three level of weed management with three replications. Further during rabi season each main plot was divided into two sub-plots taking groundnut (var. Devi) with two levels of weed management practices under split plot design. The pooled data revealed that growth of rice and yield attributes were significantly higher in treatment of RDF (75% N) with green manuring of dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) with pre emergence application of herbicide oxadiargyl followed by post emergence bispyribac-sodium which recorded higher plant height (96.35 cm), number of tillers per plant (212.7), Leaf area index (4.4), dry matter accumulation (1347.5 g/plant), panicle length (25.8 cm) and test weight (22.33 g).
Improvement in automated diagnosis of soft tissues tumors using machine learning

Soft Tissue Tumors (STT) are a form of sarcoma found in tissues that connect, support, and surround body structures. Because of their shallow frequency in the body and their great diversity, they appear to be heterogeneous when observed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). They are easily confused with other diseases such as fibroadenoma mammae, lymphadenopathy, and struma nodosa, and these diagnostic errors have a considerable detrimental effect on the medical treatment process of patients. Researchers have proposed several machine learning models to classify tumors, but none have adequately addressed this misdiagnosis problem. Also, similar studies that have proposed models for evaluation of such tumors mostly do not consider the heterogeneity and the size of the data. Therefore, we propose a machine learning-based approach which combines a new technique of preprocessing the data for features transformation, resampling techniques to eliminate the bias and the deviation of instability and performing classifier tests based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) algorithms. The tests carried out on dataset collected in Nur Hidayah Hospital of Yogyakarta in Indonesia show a great improvement compared to previous studies. These results confirm that machine learning methods could provide efficient and effective tools to reinforce the automatic decision-making processes of STT diagnostics.