Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Urbanization diverges residents’ landscape preferences but towards a more natural landscape: case to complement landsenses ecology from the lens of landscape perception

ABSTRACT Analysis of the evolutionary process and the driving forces of the meliorization model (MM) for sustainable land use is the focus of landsenses ecology. Among different landsenses, the relationships between landscape preference changes and land-use dynamics have not been fully explored. Taking Fujian Province as an example, we investigated landscape preference changes during urbanization, which represents the most prominent driver and key process of land-use dynamics in China. Mix-marching data from a survey questionnaire of 2044 residents at different urbanization levels were used to reveal landscape preference changes during urbanization. The findings demonstrated that urbanization, rather than naturalness, was a better predictor of a person’s preferences for natural landscapes. The more urbanized the area that a person resides in, the more they prefer natural landscapes. Furthermore, the younger the population, the higher the preference for natural landscapes is. Teenagers always prefer landscapes with high naturalness regardless of the level of urbanization of where they live. Older people had a lower preference for natural landscapes. There was also greater variation with respect preference for different levels of urbanization: Males less preferred natural landscape compared with females. This study presents potential development patterns of landscape preferences during urbanization considering demographic differences, which may expand our understanding of the dynamic development of the MM.
Morphological and molecular identification of hairtail (Trichiurus spp.) caught in Pangandaran Waters

This study aimed to identify the species of hairtail caught in Pengandaran waters based on morphological, meristic character and molecular approach. In total 135 fish samples were collected from Pangandaran Waters, during March-April 2017. Each sample was identified, measured on 22 morphometric and 4 meristic characters, then analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Molecular identification was conducted by sequenced of 16S rRNA gene. The result of the research showed that hairtail characterized by III spines and 125-140 soft rays of dorsal fin (D.III, 125-140), the anal fin situated below 38th to 41th of dorsal-fin soft ray, I spine and 10 soft rays of pectoral fin (P.I.10), and I spine and 91 to 112 spinules of anal fin (A.I.91-112). Based on the morphological identification, the hairtail was belonged to Trichiurus lepturus. Principal Component Analysis showing the morphometric variation was presented in the caudal peduncle length. Molecular analysis of mitochondrial DNA of the partial 16S rRNA gene confirmed the hairtail as T. lepturus with similarity 98-99% based on previously published data. Phylogenetic analysis showed that T. lepturus from Pangandaran were closely similar to related species caught from the Southern Coast of Yogyakarta Special Territory (Indian Ocean) and Hainan China (Pacific Ocean).
Pro-Environmental Views of Climate Skeptics

Using data from interviews with self-identified climate change skeptics, it becomes clear that there is a public misperception about climate change skepticism. Skeptics are concerned about pollution, support environmentally friendly policies, and oppose continued reliance on oil. Current climate change communication is problematic; here, we explore the policies that garner skeptics’ support.
Assessment of knowledge regarding hypertension and its preventive measures among students of Government Science College of North Gujarat region, India

Background: Many adult health problems e.g. hypertension, diabetes has their early origins in early adulthood, because this is the time when lifestyles are formed. Objective of this study was to determine the level of awareness among college students regarding hypertension and its preventive measures before and after educational interventional training. Methods: An interventional study conducted in college students of Government Science college of Vadnagar city, Gujarat. Duration of the study was March to October 2019. Total 100 students between the age group of 17-19 were included after written informed consent. Baseline knowledge of students regarding hypertension and its preventive measures was assessed by pre-designed, pre-tested and semi structured questionnaire. Single educational interventional training for 45 minutes was given to selected students. Post- intervention knowledge of students for the same was assessed after training. Thus, collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version). Results: Baseline knowledge of the students regarding normal range of blood pressure, risk factors of hypertension and signs and symptoms of hypertension was 21%, 30% and 40% respectively which was significantly increased to 64%, 79% and 72% respectively after educational intervention. Baseline knowledge of the students regarding preventive measures of hypertension like avoiding junk food/ healthy diet, exercise and meditation was 26%, 29% and 6% respectively which was significantly increased to 79%, 81% and 72% respectively after educational intervention. Conclusions: Efforts should be directed towards educating the college students about hypertension to change their lifestyles and reduce the incidence of hypertension in later life.
Microbial Recruitment as a Way to Improve Drought Resistance in Wheat Plants

Une augmentation de la frequence des evenements de secheresse est a prevoir en raison des changements climatiques et il serait benefique pour le secteur agricole de trouver des methodes novatrices afin de rapidement venir en aide aux plants en manque d’eau. Une solution possible serait, par exemple, l’inoculation de communaute microbienne complexe dans la rhizosphere de la plante. Le but du projet etait de tester, au moyen d’une experience multifactorielle menee en serre, si des plants de ble en situation de stress hydrique s’associeraient avec de nouveaux microorganismes extraits d’un sol avec un historique d’exposition a la secheresse. L’amplification et le sequencage du gene bacterien ARNr 16S et de la region fongique ITS1 de l’ADN environnemental extrait du sol de la rhizosphere des plants a permis d’observer les changements rapides dans la communaute microbienne causes par le stress hydrique. Quelques UTO fongiques furent recrutes par la plante, independamment du type de sol ou de la presence d’un stress hydrique. Regle generale, les changements dans la communaute microbienne de la rhizosphere etaient plus au niveau de l’amplification et ou la reduction d’especes deja presentes plutot que le recrutement de nouvelles especes. En ce sens, les plants ont fortement reagi au type de sol initial et au stress hydrique mais de facon plutot faible et inconsistante a l’inoculation. Ces resultats illustrent que des plants de ble en condition de secheresse peuvent former de nouvelles associations avec quelques bacteries et champignons, mais que cette reponse ne represente pas la reponse principale de l’holobiont au stress. Abstract In the context of climate change, finding ways to rapidly adapt crops to abiotic stress would be a great asset for the agricultural sector. One potential solution is to modify the plant associated microorganisms through, for instance, the inoculation of complex pre-adapted microbial communities. Here, using a multifactorial greenhouse experiment, we tested if wheat plants under water stress would associate with the microorganisms extracted from a soil that had a long-term history of exposure to water stress. Through bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS region amplicon sequencing we observed that the rhizosphere microbiota responded rapidly to the water stress. A few fungal OTUs were recruited, independently of the soil type or the water stress. Generally, changes in the microbial community structure across inoculum treatments were more due amplification/reduction of already present microorganisms rather than recruitment of novel species. Similarly, the plant responded strongly to water stress and to initial soil diversity, but only weakly and inconsistently to the inoculations. Our results highlight that wheat plants under water stress do form new associations with fungi and bacteria, and that these new associations do not constitute the bulk of the response of the wheat holobiont.
Application of lidar remote sensing of insects in agricultural entomology on the Chinese scene

Insect pest management is a very important aspect for plant protection in crops production. Remote sensing provides a large number of techniques that are beneficial in entomological research. Although entomological radars have been used for studying migrations of insects for many years, most of entomological radar studies have been vertically tracing high‐altitude migration behaviour of insects. Light detection and ranging (lidar) is a counterpart to radar, now operating in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which has been recently applied for monitoring of insects at low altitude. Such techniques, in particular low‐cost continuous‐wave (CW) bi‐static systems based on the Scheimpflug arrangement, have been rapidly developing during the last decade. As a result, optical methods present new and fascinating possibilities. Based on experience from a 2‐week field campaign in rice paddy fields, we here present an overview of lidar remote sensing applied to the Chinese scene. The capability of a CW Scheimpflug lidar system in monitoring the insects was studied. We present results on insect abundance in relation to time of the day and weather conditions. We also identified insect species by analysing wing‐beat frequencies and studied their attraction to ultraviolet (UV) lamp located close to the horizontal laser sampling path during night time. Results showed that the insect species were abundant, that insects detected by the lidar system were attracted to light and that light rain increased the insect activity. The lidar detection system had a high read‐out frequency, enabling the estimation of insect wing‐beat frequencies.
Reframing the Responsiveness Challenge: A Framing-Anchored Explanatory Framework to Account for Irregularity in Novice Teachers’ Attention and Responsiveness to Student Thinking

Abstract Mathematics and science education researchers focused on teacher education emphasize attention and responsiveness to student thinking as central to effective classroom practice. Being responsive to student thinking involves attending to the substance of students’ ideas—the meaning students are making—and pursuing that thinking, adjusting the flow of instruction as needed. Yet, attention and responsiveness to student thinking is irregular and generally rare among novice teachers. In this theoretical paper, we argue that the irregularity of attention and responsiveness to student thinking, including variability within individual teachers’ practice, can be explained by a framework grounded in teachers’ localized framings of their classroom activity—their sense of “what is it that’s going on here. ” Using analyses of classroom episodes across contexts and timescales to illustrate our claims, we demonstrate how a framing-anchored framework can coordinate and improve upon three common explanations for the irregularity of novice teachers’ attention and responsiveness to student thinking: underdeveloped skills and/or knowledge for attending and responding, “transmissionist” beliefs about learning, and institutional constraints (and teachers’ perceptions thereof). Building on this argument, we suggest that teacher educators can work with novice teachers’ framings of their classroom activities as a generative anchor for supporting attention and responsiveness to student thinking in classroom settings.
Multiparametric Prostate MRI and Cognitively Targeted Transperineal Biopsy in Patients with Previous Abdominoperineal Resection and Suspicion of Prostate Cancer.

Author 1 has received a research grant from RWTH Aachen University Hospital (Aachen, Germany). Author 6 acknowledges support from Cancer Research UK, National Institute of Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cancer Research UK and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester and the Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre.
Loving thy work: developing a measure of work passion

ABSTRACT Passion for work has become increasingly valued, as reflected by its ubiquity in popular and empirical discourse. Yet we lack scientific consensus on the definition of work passion, and a reliable, well-validated measure of work passion that is relevant to workers across various vocations. In this paper, we identified and integrated key themes from existing scientific conceptualizations into a precise definition: Passion for work means to strongly identify with a line of work that one feels motivated to engage in and derives positive affect from doing. We developed a 10-item Work Passion (WP) scale, which we tested across multiple studies with a total of 858 adults, including working adults from two different English-speaking cultural backgrounds (i.e., United States and Singapore), and a two-wave study of employees from various vocations. Our results showed that work passion is associated with a host of beneficial outcomes, including greater career commitment, lower levels of job burnout, less work-home conflict, and fewer physical symptoms. Our research (1) provides an integrated definition of work passion, (2) offers a reliable, cross-culturally tested scale, and (3) highlights important implications for work outcomes associated with being passionate towards one’s line of work.
Molecular Diagnosis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. in Wild Rats of Southwest of Iran

Background: Microsporidiosis is considered as an opportunistic infection in immunodeficient patients. Objectives: Due to the increasing prevalence of parasitic infections and immunodeficiency diseases as well as the transmission risk of microsporidia from animals to human, the aim of this study was to evaluate molecular diagnosis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. by the multiplex/nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and staining methods in wild rats of Ahvaz city, southwest of Iran. Methods: Initially, 160 stool samples were collected from wild rats in different parts of Ahvaz city. The samples were stained by the modified trichrome staining and explored microscopically. The DNA was extracted using the DNA stool kit and examined by multiplex/nested PCR. For differentiating the species of Encephalitozoon, the multiplex/nested PCR products were explored by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method using the restriction enzyme of Mnl1. Results: Of 160, 26 cases were suspected positive for microsporidia spore by the staining. Also, of 160, 18 cases were positive by the multiplex/nested PCR method, that 14 and 4 samples were detected as E. bieneusi and E. intestinalis, respectively. Of 14 E. bieneusi samples, 12 and 2 cases were detected as genotype D and M, respectively. Conclusions: The findings revealed a relatively high prevalence of microsporidia infection in wild rats of the city and these animals can be a source of microsporidiosis. Due to the zoonotic potential of the microorganisms, high - risk individuals should be receiving the information about the risk of direct and indirect contact with the infected animals. © 2018, Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.
Comparative study of the seismosensory system of two Amur grayling species in the zone of the sympatry

Background. This study was initiated for the morphological comparison of two species of recently described Amur graylings collected in the unique zone of their sympatry. This provided an infrequent opportunity for the estimation of the species-specific morphological diversification not determined by environmental conditions dissimilarity. This study aimed to compare the seismosensory systems of two species of Amur grayling, the lower Amur grayling, Thymallus tugarinae Knizhin, Antonov, Safronov et Weiss, 2007, and yellow-spotted grayling, Thymallus flavomaculatus Knizhin, Antonov et Weiss, 2006, collected in sympatric habitats with the inclusion of the published data on other northeast Asia grayling species. Materials and methods. The comparative study was based on samples of T. tugarinae and T. flavomaculatus specimens collected at species sympatric habitats in the middle stretch of the Anyuy River, one of the biggest tributaries of the Amur River. The lateral line system was stained, the topology was examined, and seismosensory system canal pores were counted. Differences in canal pore numbers between examined species were estimated with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Also, cluster analysis was carried out. Results. Examined sympatric species were found to differ in the number of pores and secondary canaliculi topology but were similar to geographically distant grayling species. Conclusions. The results revealed sympatric morphological divergence of studied species and demonstrated parallelism of interspecies variability of examined features which are likely determined by conditions of species ecological optima. Comparative morphological analysis of the species and forms with questionable taxonomic status should be carried out using material that is collected in different parts of the habitation areal, paying special attention to the sympatry zones, if there are any such cohabitation regions, because the environmental factors have similar effects on all of the analysed species within such zones.
Endoscopic Management of Recurrent Third Branchial Fistula using Histoacryl Glue

Third branchial cleft anomalies are rare accounting for 2-8% of all branchial abnormalities. We report a case of a 9 year old boy who presented with discharging sinus on the left side of neck. A sinogram revealed third branchial arch fistula. The tract was surgically removed, however, on follow up the fistula was recurred. He was later taken for endoscopic cauterization and injection of Histoacryl (n-Butyl cyanoacrylate ) glue into the tract, after which his wound healed swiftly. Historically, surgical excision of the fistulous tract has been the mainstay of treatment. Recently, minimally invasive methods are gaining wider acclaim and may potentially become the treatment of choice in the future.
Importance of histopathological evaluation of appendectomy specimens

Background Appendicitis is by far the commonest major emergency general surgical operation. Pathological evaluation of the appendix after appendectomy is routine and can occasionally identify unexpected findings. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical benefit of histopathological analysis of appendectomy specimens from patients with an initial diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Patients and methods The clinicopathological data of 460 patients who underwent appendectomies for presumed acute appendicitis were reviewed prospectively. Results There were 265 men and 195 women [sex ratio (male/female): 1.4] aged between 16 and 62 years (mean: 27.6 years). All patients underwent open appendectomy. Histological examination of the surgical specimen showed normal appendix in 28/460 (6%) cases, gross inflammation in 365 (79.3%) cases, gangrenous appendix in 32 (7%) cases, perforation and localized peritonitis in 30 (6.6%) cases, and generalized peritonitis in five (1.1%) cases. Incidental unexpected pathological diagnoses were noted in 39 (8.5%) appendectomy specimens. They included Enterobius vermicularis (n=19), mucinous neoplasms (n=3), neuroendocrine tumors (n=1), granulomatous inflammation (n=12), tuberculosis (n=1), bilharziasis (n=1), and endometriosis (n=2). Other associated pathological findings were ruptured ovarian cyst (n=9), perforated duodenal ulcer (n=3), Meckel’s diverticulum (n=1), disturbed ectopic pregnancy (n=3), and cecal adenocarcinoma (n=2). Conclusion The diagnosis of acute appendicitis has been improved, with a significant reduction in negative appendectomy rates. Routine pathological examination of appendectomy specimens is of value for identifying unsuspected pathologies requiring further postoperative management. Gross examination alone does not appear to be a good indicator of an unexpected finding on microscopic examination. It is highly recommended that in order to avoid misdiagnoses, all appendix specimens should be examined histopathologically.
Anaesthesia recovery quality and immediate postoperative analgesia after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration to male cats undergoing routine neutering surgery

ABSTRACT Anaesthesia recovery and analgesia qualities were compared in 20 client-owned male cats anaesthetised with intramuscular (IM) medetomidine (0.03 mg/kg) and S-ketamine (S-Ket: 6 mg/kg; n=10) or racemic ketamine (RacKet: 10 mg/kg; n=10). After routine orchiectomy, animals received IM atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg). Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. One blinded observer evaluated analgesia using a visual analogue scale (VAS; 0mm = no pain, 100mm = worst possible pain) and, by means of four-point scales, sedation, unprovoked behaviour and behavioural reactions to external stimuli 30 and 60 min after atipamezole administration. Cats with a VAS ≥ 15mm received butorphanol. Times to sternal (STERNAL) and standing positions (STANDING) were recorded. After 60 min, cats received carprofen (4 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Anaesthesia with S-Ket, at 60% of RacKet, provided significantly faster recoveries (STERNAL: S-Ket=11±3 min, RacKet=30±19 min; STANDING: S-Ket=22±6 min RacKet=44±21 min) and increased postoperative RRs. Cats allocated to RacKet had higher HRs postoperatively at 30 and 60 min while those allocated to S-Ket had higher HRs only at 30 min. At 60 min, undisturbed cats in S-Ket had a trend towards fewer behavioural changes. Cats in RacKet were more sedate at 30 min and responded with a lower intensity to external stimulation. Immediate postoperative analgesia was judged adequate for both drugs. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Anasthesieerholung und Analgesiequalitat wurden bei 20 Katern verglichen, welche intramuskular (IM) mit Medetomidin (0.03 mg/kg) und S-Ketamin (S-Ket: 6 mg/kg; n=10) oder racemischem Ketamin (RacKet: 10 mg/kg; n=10) anasthesiert wurden. Nach routinemasiger Orchiektomie erhielten die Tiere Atipamezol IM (0.15 mg/kg). Herzfrequenz (HF) und Atemfrequenz (AF) wurden pra- und postoperativ ermittelt. Analgesie wurde durch einen Beobachter mittels visual analogue scale (VAS; 0mm = keine Schmerz, 100mm = extremer Schmerz) ausgewertet, Sedation, unprovoziertes Verhalten und Verhaltensreaktionen nach externen Stimuli 30 und 60 min nach Atipamezolgabe mittels Vierpunkt Skalen. Katzen mit einem VAS ≥ 15mm erhielten Butorphanol. Die Zeiten zur Sternallage (STERNAL) und stehender Position (STANDING) wurden aufgezeichnet. Nach 60 min erhielten die Katzen Carprofen (4 mg/kg) subkutan. Anasthesie mit S-Ket, 60% der Dosierung von RacKet, erzielte signifikant schnellere Anasthesieerholung (STERNAL: S-Ket=11±3 min, RacKet=30±19 min; STANDING: S-Ket=22±6 min, RacKet=44±21 min) und erhohte postoperative AF. Katzen mit RacKet hatten postoperativ hohere HF nach 30 und 60 min, wahrend diejenigen mit S-Ket nur nach 30 min hohere HF zeigten. Unbeeintrachtigte Katzen mit S-Ket zeigten nach 60 min eine Tendenz in Richtung weniger Verhaltensanderungen. Katzen mit RacKet waren nach 30 min sedierter und reagierten mit niedrigerer Intensitat auf externe Stimuli. Postoperative Analgesie wurde fur beide Anasthetika als adaquat beurteilt.