Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Soy Isoflavone Supplementation on the Menopausal Symptoms in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Introduction: Approximately one-third of a woman's life is spent in the menopausal phase. The unpleasant menopausal symptoms are unacceptable as a part of routine life. Indications of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) are for alleviation of vasomotor symptoms, prevention of osteoporosis, and genitourinary symptoms associated with menopause. MHT is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, cerebrovascular accidents, and coronary heart disease. Soy isoflavones have been extensively used as an alternative treatment in patients who cannot take MHT. The evidence of the efficacy of isoflavones in the literature is equivocal. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of soy isoflavone supplementation on menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and to evaluate the effect on blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based prospective observational study was undertaken involving 39 perimenopausal and 61 postmenopausal women, who were prescribed 40 mg soy isoflavone supplements twice daily for 12 weeks. Menopause Rating Scale questionnaire was given to the patients before starting soy isoflavone therapy and at the end of the treatment; BP and BMI were also noted. Results: The total score of both the groups was comparable at baseline. Among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, the highest score was noted in symptoms of somatic domain. At the completion of our study, the total scores improved significantly by 38.6% and 33.3% in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. The greatest improvement was seen in somatic subscale (42.5%) and psychological subscale (42.5%) and the least in urogenital subscale (16.1%) for perimenopausal women. For postmenopausal women, the greatest improvement was seen in psychological subscale (40.0%) and the least in urogenital subscale (14.2%). Conclusion: Soy isoflavone supplementation is beneficial in both perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, more so in perimenopausal women. There is no beneficial effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on lowering systolic BP and BMI.
Carcinomas With Concurrent Involvement of the Endometrium and Uterine Adnexa—Implications for Pathological Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Current Practice

Abstract A proportion of endometrial and adnexal carcinomas have concurrent involvement of the other site. In the case of high-grade serous carcinomas involving the tubal epithelium as well as endometrium, distinction of tubo-ovarian high-grade serous from endometrial serous carcinoma can have implications for surgical as well as nonsurgical treatment approaches, including targeted therapies and referral to clinical genetics services. The other situation is involvement of the endometrium and ovary by low-grade endometrioid carcinoma; here separation of high-stage endometrial carcinoma from 2 low-stage, low-grade tumors determines adjuvant treatment decisions. These challenging scenarios are illustrated with case presentations and criteria for pathological reporting while acknowledging uncertainty where this is warranted. It is accepted that these are areas in transition, and any criteria offered are likely to change in the light of new information.
Role of Inferior Vena Cava Dynamics for Estimating Right Atrial Pressure in Congenital Heart Disease

Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) size and collapsibility (IVC dynamics) are used for estimating right atrial pressure (RAP). However, the diagnostic performance of the American Society of Echocardiography IVC criteria for estimating RAP in patients with congenital heart disease are unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of IVC dynamics for estimating RAP in adults with congenital heart disease. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of adults with congenital heart disease that underwent cardiac catheterization and echocardiogram at Mayo Clinic (2003–2019). IVC diameter was measured at inspiration (IVCmin) and end-expiration (IVCmax), and IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI) was calculated. Results: Based on 918 patients, we observed a good correlation between IVCmax and invasive RAP (r=0.56, P<0.001); IVCmin and RAP (r=0.58, P<0.001); and IVCCI (r=−0.72, P<0.001). There was excellent correlation between invasive RAP and estimated RAP using IVCCI (r=0.80, P<0.001). We observed that IVCCI <60% had superior diagnostic performance as compared with American Society of Echocardiography criteria (IVCmax >2.1 cm, area under the curve difference 0.15, P<0.001; IVCCI <50%, area under the curve difference 0.09, P=0.008; combination of IVCmax >2.1 cm; and IVCCI <50%, area under the curve difference 0.06, P=0.02). Estimated RAP >10 mm Hg based on IVCCI had comparable prognostic performance as invasive RAP but superior prognostic performance as the American Society of Echocardiography criteria. Conclusions: IVCCI <60% was the best criterion to identify patients with elevated RAP. IVCCI was comparable to invasively measured RAP in its relation to prognosis. Further studies are required to determine whether the use of IVCCI in clinical decision-making will improve clinical outcomes in this population.
One-dimensional Schubert Problems with Respect to Osculating Flags

Abstract We consider Schubert problems with respect to flags osculating the rational normal curve. These problems are of special interest when the osculation points are all real. In this case, for zero-dimensional Schubert problems, the solutions are “ as real as possible”. Recent work by Speyer has extended the theory to the moduli space $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}$ allowing the points to collide. This gives rise to smooth covers $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}\left( \mathbb{R} \right)$ , with structure and monodromy described by Young tableaux and jeu de taquin. In this paper, we give analogous results on one-dimensional Schubert problems over $\overline{{{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}}$ . Their(real) geometry turns out to be described by orbits of Schützenberger promotion and a related operation involving tableau evacuation. Over ${{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\,r}}$ , our results show that the real points of the solution curves are smooth. We also find a new identity involving “first-order” $\text{K}$ -theoretic Littlewood-Richardson coefficients, for which there does not appear to be a known combinatorial proof.
Five-Year Follow-up in Patients with Transobturator Tape – A Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) could be due to urethral hypermobility due to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles which support the urethra and bladder or the intrinsic sphincter deficiency. The mid-urethral tape acts as an anchored pubo-urethral neo-ligament thus increasing the level of mid-urethral support. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transobturator tape (TOT) for SUI at 5 years of follow-up. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational single-arm study of 40 patients. Ten patients were lost to follow-up; hence, only 30 patients were included in the study. Patients who underwent TOT from 2010 to 2012 were followed up till December 2017. Patients were evaluated for early and late postoperative complications and efficacy of the tape at 5 years. Results: The mean age of the patients with SUI was 48.07 (standard deviation ± 9.38). About 76.66% (n = 23) of patients had only pure stress incontinence, whereas 23.3% of patients (n = 7) had mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). The cure rate in our study was 93.33% at 5 years. Out of the seven patients with MUI, urge incontinence was cured in 71.42% (n = 5). De novo urgency was observed in 6.6% (n = 2). No major complications such as bladder and bowel perforation, vascular hemorrhage, or mesh erosion were seen. Patient satisfaction was graded as excellent in 46.66% (n = 14), good in 30% (n = 9), and poor in 23% (n = 7). Conclusion: TOT for stress incontinence has a high cure rate and very good efficacy at 5 years. No major complications are seen when the procedure is performed by expert hands.
Determining the dual

We study the R -> 0 limit for heterotic strings of either kind (Spin(32)/Z_2 or E_8 x E_8) compactified on a circle, in the presence of an arbitrary Wilson line. Though for generic Wilson line this limit leads to chaotic behaviour, there are two distinguished, countable subsets of Wilson lines, that are dense in the total space of Wilson lines: One subset leads to decompactification limits; a second subset converges onto periodic orbits. Many of the implications carry over to heterotic strings on a circle of small but finite radius. To complete the picture, we discuss global aspects of the moduli-space, compare it with the ``fiducial'' moduli-space for type I strings on a circle, give a derivation of the map between the moduli of the two heterotic string theories on a circle at an arbitrary point in the moduli space, and compute the smallest radius that can be probed.
Nearly total spin polarization in La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 from tunneling experiments

We have performed magnetotransport measurements on La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/SrTiO3/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 magnetic tunnel junctions. A magnetoresistance ratio of more than 1800% is obtained at 4 K, from which we infer an electrode spin polarization of at least 95%. This result strongly underscores the half-metallic nature of mixed-valence manganites and demonstrates their capability as a spin analyzer. The magnetoresistance extends up to temperatures of more than 270 K. We argue that these improvements over most previous works may result from optimizing the patterning process for oxide heterostructures.
Über Den Bizyklischen Biquadratischen Zahlkörper

Unter einem bizyklischen biquadratischen Zahlkörper verstehen wir einen absolut abelschen Zahlkörper vierten Grades, der von zwei verschiedenen quadratischen Zahlkörpern zusammengesetzt wird. Wir behandeln im folgenden die Einheiten- und Idealklassengruppe dieses Körpers, indem wir die Ergebnisse von [6] und [7] weiterführen.
Ecological risk

The Council approved an EAFM Guidance Document in 2016 which outlined a path forward to more fully incorporate ecosystem considerations into marine fisheries management1, and revised the document in February 20192. The Council’s stated goal for EAFM is “to manage for ecologically sustainable utilization of living marine resources while maintaining ecosystem productivity, structure, and function. ” Ecologically sustainable utilization is further defined as “utilization that accommodates the needs of present and future generations, while maintaining the integrity, health, and diversity of the marine ecosystem. ” Of particular interest to the Council was the development of tools to incorporate the effects of species, fleet, habitat and climate interactions into its management and science programs. To accomplish this, the Council agreed to adopt a structured framework to first prioritize ecosystem interactions, second to specify key questions regarding high priority interactions and third tailor appropriate analyses to address them [1]. Because there are so many possible ecosystem interactions to consider, a risk assessment was adopted as the first step to identify a subset of high priority interactions [2]. The risk elements included in the Council’s initial assessment spanned biological, ecological, social and economic issues (Table 1) and risk criteria for the assessment were based on a range of indicators and expert knowledge (Table 2).
Quasilinear Elliptic Equations with Degenerations and Singularities

Presents modern methods and techniques for solving boundary value problems for nonlinear elliptic operators. Focus is upon existence and bifurcation results in appropriate Sobolev spaces. The subject of this book is the theory of nonlinear boundary value problems for elliptic operators with degeneration and singularity. It focuses on the existence and bifurcation of weak solutions in appropriate weighted Sobolev spaces. The main tools are functional analytic methods based on the variational approach and the theory of topological degree of monotone type nonlinear mapping. Topics covered include: existence results for higher order boundary value problems in a rather general setting. An extensive study of the p-Laplacian and its degenerated and singular modifications, mainly existence and bifurcation results on bounded domains as well as on the whole Euclidean space. The text requires some basic knowledge of nonlinear functional analysis and differential equations. Elementary facts on function spaces and the theory of nonlinear operators are discussed in the first chapter.
Implementing a Continuous Improvement Model for Assignment Evaluation at the Technical and Professional Communication Program Level

We use a continuous improvement model to evaluate an information design assignment by analyzing 120 student drafts and finals alongside instructor feedback. Using data from across sections (N = 118), we illustrate a process focused on improving student learning that other technical and professional communication program administrators and faculty can follow, while also offering insights into ways programs can assist a contingent labor force with improving pedagogical practice. This study provides insights into assignment design through data-driven evidence and reflective work that is necessary to help continuously improve a service course and to assist students in meeting learning outcomes.
Psychological traits and investment decisions: the mediation mechanism of financial management behavior – evidence from the Tanzanian stock market

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to examine the financial management behavior (FMB) mediation mechanism in self-control, optimism, deliberative thinking and investment decisions in the Tanzanian stock market.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 268 individual investors in the Tanzanian stock market was obtained through questionnaires. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings show that self-control, optimism and deliberative thinking are significantly and positively related to FMB and investment decisions. The findings also confirmed the mediating role of FMB in the influence of self-control, optimism and deliberative thinking on investment decisions among Tanzanian individual investors. These findings imply that people with good self-control, optimistic and deliberative thinking are more likely to save money, have better FMB and prefer to make investment decisions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study deals with individual investors. Future research could examine the effects of psychological traits on investment decisions by adding or modifying the items of particular constructs and studying institutional investors.Practical implicationsIndividual investors can use the information to study and evaluate their financial behavior and stock investment decisions. This research can be used by security firms to better understand investor behavior, forecast future market trends and advice investors. Individual investors require psychological features to manage their behavior in various aspects, ranging from affective behavior to cognition, which are relevant for investing decisions.Originality/valueFew studies have examined the influence of self-control, optimism and deliberative thinking on the investment decisions of individual investors. The unique empirical analysis developed in this paper is that it examines the mediation mechanisms of FMB with respect to self-control, optimism and deliberative thinking and investment decisions among individual investors in the Tanzanian stock market.
Harmonic Maps Into Homogeneous Spaces

This thesis investigates harmonic maps into homogeneous spaces, principally flag manifolds. First we show that an f-holomorphic map of a Hermitian cosymplectic manifold is harmonic provided that the f-structure on the co-domain satisfies (d∇F)1,1 = 0, where ∇ is the Levi-Civita connection. We then characterize those invariant f-structures and metrics on homogeneous spaces which satisfy this condition. On a homogeneous space whose tangent bundle splits as a direct sum of mutually distinct isotropy spaces (e.g. a flag manifold), we see that an f-structure which is horizontal (i.e. [F+, F] ⊂ h) satisfies (d∇F)1,1 = 0 for any choice of invariant metric. Thus f-holomorphic maps are equi-harmonic (harmonic with respect to all invariant metrics). Equi-harmonic maps are seen to behave well in combination with homogeneous geometry. Next we classify horizontal f-structures on flag manifolds. The classification provides a unified framework for producing examples of flag manifolds fibring twistorially over homogeneous spaces. Another application of this classification is to find f-holomorphic orbits in full flag manifolds. Finally, we show that an equi-harmonic map of a Riemann surface which is also equi-weakly conformal is f-holomorphic with respect to a horizontal f-structure. Our classification theorem then allows a more concrete description of such maps bringing further examples to light.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolchildren in Ibb Governorate, Southwest Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among schoolchildren are important public health problem, especially in developing countries, and monitoring of such infections and associated risk factors are necessary for intervention strategies. In line with this view, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Ibb governorate, southwest Yemen. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out during February to April 2020 on 600 schoolchildren selected from 6 districts of Ibb governorate. Fecal specimens were examined using saline and iodine wet mount and formal-ether concentration techniques. Socio-demographic data were collected using pre-designed, structured questionnaires. The results were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results Out of 600 participants, the overall prevalence of IPIs was 66.3% (398/600). The prevalence rate of protozoan infections (56.3%, 338/600) was largely higher than helminthic infections (10%, 60/600). The most common intestinal parasite was E. histolytica/dispar (28.5%, 171/600). S. mansoni infection showed higher infection rate in males (5.3%) than in females (0.4%), with statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the age was only significantly associated with protozoan infections, with statistically significant differences (P = 0.002). Regarding to clinical symptoms, the presence of IPIs was significantly associated with diarrhea, dysentery, and abdominal pain. Conclusion The present study revealed that there was a relatively high prevalence of IPIs, especially protozoan parasites, in schoolchildren of the study area, with E. histolytica/dispar being the most prevalent parasite. The results showed that age was only significantly associated with IPIs. According to the results of this study, IPIs are still among the main public health problems in the study area. Thus, effective prevention and control strategies are important to reduce the incidence of IPIs in this area of the country.
Superlattice structures of graphene-based armchair nanoribbons

Based on first-principles calculations we predict that periodically repeated junctions of armchair graphene nanoribbons of different widths form multiple quantum well structures. In these superlattice heterostructures the width as well as the energy-band gap is modulated in real space and specific states are confined in certain segments. Not only the size modulation, but also composition modulation, such as periodically repeated and commensurate heterojunctions of boron nitride and graphene honeycomb nanoribbons, results in a multiple quantum well structure. The geometrical features of the constituent nanoribbons, namely, their widths and lengths, the form of the junction, as well as the symmetry of the resulting superlattice, are the structural parameters available to engineer electronic properties of these quantum structures. We present our analysis regarding the variation of the band gaps and the confined states with these structural parameters. Calculation of transmission coefficient through a double barrier resonant tunneling device formed from a finite segment of such a multiple quantum well structure and placed between metallic electrodes yields resonant peaks which can be identified with electronic states confined in the well. We show that these graphene-based quantum structures can introduce interesting concepts to design nanodevices. Relevance of the quantum structures are discussed in view of the most recent experimental results.
Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Estimation by Photoplethysmography and Its Interpretation

Blood pressure (BP) is among the most important vital signals. Estimation of absolute BP solely using photoplethysmography (PPG) has gained immense attention over the last years. Available works differ in terms of used features as well as classifiers and bear large differences in their results. This work aims to provide a machine learning method for absolute BP estimation, its interpretation using computational methods and its critical appraisal in face of the current literature. We used data from three different sources including 273 subjects and 259,986 single beats. We extracted multiple features from PPG signals and its derivatives. BP was estimated by xgboost regression. For interpretation we used Shapley additive values (SHAP). Absolute systolic BP estimation using a strict separation of subjects yielded a mean absolute error of 9.456mmHg and correlation of 0.730. The results markedly improve if data separation is changed (MAE: 6.366mmHg, r: 0.874). Interpretation by means of SHAP revealed four features from PPG, its derivation and its decomposition to be most relevant. The presented approach depicts a general way to interpret multivariate prediction algorithms and reveals certain features to be valuable for absolute BP estimation. Our work underlines the considerable impact of data selection and of training/testing separation, which must be considered in detail when algorithms are to be compared. In order to make our work traceable, we have made all methods available to the public.
Multi-scale Features of Baiu, the Summer Monsoon over Japan and the East Asia

This review paper summarizes the authors' recent studies on the Baiu, the summer monsoon, over the Japan Islands and the adjacent areas. The most important feature of the Baiu is the formation of the Baiu front, which is a long quasistationary precipitation belt extending from the southeastern foot of the Tibetan Plateau to Japan and further to the northwestern Pacific. The cold Baiu trough, the polar front and the Pacific subtropical anticyclone are the major large-scale circulation systems which have influence on the Baiu front. The frontogenesis and the generation of convective instability in the southwesterly flows along the westnorthwest periphery of the Pacific subtropical anticyclone are the primary factors for the formation of the Baiu front. The structure of the Baiu front and the associated Baiu low-level jet stream, and the water vapor budget during the peak Baiu period are studied. The generation and release of the convective instability in the intense Baiu precipitation area are also analyzed. The features of the meso-α-scale disturbances in the Baiu frontal zone are studied by the spectral analysis of the relative vorticity field and the cloud amount. The meso-β-and meso-γ-scale fine structures within the meso-a-scale disturbances are demonstrated. The most outstanding feature of the Baiu is that the motions of many scales (planetary, synoptic, meso-α-, meso-β-and meso-γ-scales) are interacting with each other. The multi-scale aspects of the Baiu are stressed in this review paper.