Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors promote microglia effector functions essential for CNS homeostasis

ABSTRACT We show here that both SHIP1 (Inpp5d) and its paralog SHIP2 (Inppl1) are expressed at protein level in microglia. To examine whether targeting of SHIP paralogs might influence microglial physiology and function, we tested the capacity of SHIP1-selective, SHIP2-selective and pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors for their ability to impact on microglia proliferation, lysosomal compartment size and phagocytic function. We find that highly potent pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors can significantly increase lysosomal compartment size, and phagocytosis of dead neurons and amyloid beta (Aβ)1−42 by microglia in vitro. We show that one of the more-potent and water-soluble pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors, K161, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Consistent with this, K161 increases the capacity of CNS-resident microglia to phagocytose Aβ and apoptotic neurons following systemic administration. These findings provide the first demonstration that small molecule modulation of microglia function in vivo is feasible, and suggest that dual inhibition of the SHIP1 and 2 paralogs can provide a novel means to enhance basal microglial homeostatic functions for therapeutic purposes in Alzheimer's disease and, possibly, other types of dementia where increased microglial function could be beneficial. Summary: Inhibition of SHIP1 and SHIP2 improves the ability of microglia to phagocytose Aβ and dead neurons. Thus, pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors might be used to treat Alzheimer's disease.
Astrocytic AEG‐1 regulates expression of TREK‐1 under acute hypoxia

TREK‐1 (TWIK‐related K+ channel), a member of the two‐pore domain K+ (K2P) channel family, is highly expressed in astrocytes, where it plays a key role in glutamate release and passive conductance. In addition, TREK‐1 is induced to protect neurons under pathological conditions such as hypoxia. However, the upstream regulation of TREK‐1 remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that AEG‐1 (astrocyte elevated gene‐1) regulates the expression of astrocytic TREK‐1 under hypoxic conditions. Upregulation of AEG‐1 increased expression of TREK‐1 in astrocytes, and knockdown of AEG‐1 dramatically decreased the mRNA and protein levels of TREK‐1, which were restored by expression of shRNA‐insensitive AEG‐1. In addition, expression of TREK‐1 was not regulated in the absence of AEG‐1, even when HIF1α was present. Together, these results suggest that AEG‐1 acts as a major upstream regulator of TREK‐1 channels in astrocytes under hypoxia.
Effect of Media on Facial Plastic Surgery in Saudi Arabia

Objectives To evaluate the effect of social media, TV shows, plastic surgeons' self-advertisement, and before-and-after cosmetic surgery photos of patients who actually visited the clinic to seek a consultation or intervention. Methods This is a cross-sectional study; institutional review board approval was granted in 2018. This study was conducted among patients attending cosmetic clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire is composed of socio-demographic data and about the reason for the trending of plastic surgeries. Results Three hundred and ninety-nine patients participated in the study. Of all participants, 60.4% agreed on the impact of the surgeon’s self-advertisement in the trending of plastic surgeries; 53.4% said yes to cosmetic television programs having an effect on the trend of plastic surgeries; 65.7% of the participants answered yes to before-and-after pictures of social media having an effect on the trend of cosmetic procedures; and 54.1% of the participants answered yes to wanting to look better in selfies as a reason for the rise of cosmetic surgery. Conclusion The results of this study have shown that the majority of patients visiting plastic surgery clinics were positively affected, but not exclusively, by media coverage of cosmetic surgery results.
Vegetarian diet and blood pressure levels: incidental

it difficult to know whether their lower blood pressures were due to diet per se or to other aspects oflifestyle. Seventh-day Adventist vegetarians showed significantly less hypertension and lower blood pressures compared with Mormon omnivores, effects which were independent ofdifferences in obesity and not due to altered sodium intake. Subsequently, controlled dietary intervention studies in healthy normotensive omnivores provided more direct evidence for a blood pressure-lowering effect ofa lactoovovegetarian diet with reversible changes of 5-6 mm Hg systolic and 2-3 mm Hg diastolic occurring over 6-wk periods. Similar dietary effects in mild hypertensive subjects provides impetus for identifying the responsible nutrients. Am JClin Nutr l988;48:806-10.
Modern History of Tuberculosis in Korea

Tuberculosis has been a major public health threat in modern Korea. A few reports from the mid-1940s have demonstrated a high prevalence of latent and active tuberculosis infections. The high disease burden urged the newly established government to place a high priority on tuberculosis control. The government led a nationwide effort to control tuberculosis by building dedicated hospitals, conducting mass screening, providing technical and material support for microbiological diagnosis, administering Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination, and improving appropriate antibiotic treatment through public health centers. Such concerted efforts resulted in a gradual decrease in the disease burden of tuberculosis, as demonstrated by National Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys and notifiable disease statistics. While great progress has been made, new challenges - including an aging population, outbreaks in schools and healthcare facilities, and migration from high-prevalence countries - lie ahead. Here, we review the modern history of tuberculosis in Korea, focusing on epidemiology and public health policies.
Search for the Laboratory Parameters of Inflammation In the Serum and Faeces of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Background: Pathophysiological mechanisms of IrritableBowel Syndrome (IBS) are unknown and there are no specific markers unique to this disorder. The hypothesis of a subclinical gradual development of local intestinal inflammation which generates IBS remains to be confirmed. The aim of the study was to search for a laboratory parameter or their panel among the acute-phase proteins in the blood and con firm their possible association with faecal calprotectin and alpha-1-antitrypsin which are spec ific markers for local intestinal inflammation.
Prescription Value-Based Automatic Optimization of Importance Factors in Inverse Planning

Objective: An automatic method for the optimization of importance factors was proposed to improve the efficiency of inverse planning. Methods: The automatic method consists of 3 steps: (1) First, the importance factors are automatically and iteratively adjusted based on our proposed penalty strategies. (2) Then, plan evaluation is performed to determine whether the obtained plan is acceptable. (3) If not, a higher penalty is assigned to the unsatisfied objective by multiplying it by a compensation coefficient. The optimization processes are performed alternately until an acceptable plan is obtained or the maximum iteration N max of step (3) is reached. Results: Tested on 2 kinds of clinical cases and compared with manual method, the results showed that the quality of the proposed automatic plan was comparable to, or even better than, the manual plan in terms of the dose–volume histogram and dose distributions. Conclusions: The proposed algorithm has potential to significantly improve the efficiency of the existing manual adjustment methods for importance factors and contributes to the development of fully automated planning. Especially, the more the subobjective functions, the more obvious the advantage of our algorithm.
Expression and function of DNAM‐1 on human B‐lineage cells

Although DNAM‐1 is an activating receptor constitutively expressed on the majority of NK cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, monocytes, and platelets in human, several evidences demonstrated that a small population in B‐lineage cells also expressed DNAM‐1. However, the expression profile of DNAM‐1 on B‐lineage cells and its function remain obscure. Previous reports revealed that a considerable number of leukocytes including B cells in the peripheral blood conjugated to platelet. Thus, the proportion of DNAM‐1+ B‐lineage cells determined by flow cytometry analysis in the previous reports might be overestimated.
BIOFORTIFICATION OF CROPS USING NANOPARTICLES TO ALLEVIATE PLANT AND HUMAN ZINC DEFICIENCY: A REVIEW

Zn is essential plant nutrient for alltypes of crops. It is deficient in all parts of the globe with different types of soils. Under theseconditions application of Zn fertilizer is necessary for healthy crop growth and higher yields.Soil and foliar applications of Zn fertilizer are recommended for correcting deficiencies. Soilapplied Zn had a negative impact as the dissolution rates of conventional fertilizer is low, so more and more amount of these fertilizers are needed to be added. This leads to the adding huge amount of chemicals to be added to the soil which is toxic to plants. Small particles size and larger surface area of nanoparticles made it more effective be used as fertilizers. Zinc nanoparticles may have the potential to be used as fertilizers for increasing the growth of plants, grain zinc content to combat the human deficiency of zinc.
Effect of Supplementation of Rumen-Protected Amino Acids to Barki Sheep on Some Blood Parameters

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a traditional diet with rumen-protected (RP) either methionine (MET) or lysine (LYS) or their combination, on some physiological responses of ewes. Twenty-four adult Barki ewes were used were divided into four groups (6 ewes for each). The first group (Control) was fed only the control diet. The second group (LYS) fed the control diet and rumen-protected LYS (6g Lysi pearl /kg concentrate i.e. 3g /animal/day). The third group (MET) was fed the control diet and rumen-protected MET (14g Smartamin/kg concentrate i.e. 7g /animal/day). The fourth group (MIX) was fed the control diet and mixture of 3g LYS and 7g MET/animal/day. The experiment lasted for six months. Blood total proteins, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected. Total lipids (TL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and some plasma essential and non-essential amino acids were also analyzed. Supplemented ewes, especially with mixed LYS and MET, showed higher levels of TL, HDL, LDL, but lower creatinine. Treatment resulted in increased plasma Arginine, Lysine and Glutamine, while Leucine and Proline decreased. Other measured parameters were not affected.
A perspective on UAE SME management utilising the EFQM concepts of excellence

The UAE has the highest percentage increase in the numbers of new business start-ups of 54 Countries who participated in the (2009) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Report. Although the resultant fall out of the 2008/9 credit crunch is still apparent, the UAE Government vision 2021 statement remains to build a knowledge intensive, entrepreneurial and innovative economy. Current UAE Government policy on the issue of trade licences effectively enhances entrepreneurial opportunities for Emirate nationals. With the growing importance of SME’s to the UAE economy, this research aims to explore the management approaches taken toward achieving business excellence by joint national / expatriate managed UAE SME’s, in what in the UAE is an increasingly international context for the SME supply chain. The paper utilises a survey of 50 onshore UAE based SME manufacturing companies, to determine management practices set against the eight EFQM concepts of business excellence, which are utilised as indicators of success for UAE SME management.
The Effects of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed against Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Asthma

Rationale: Neutralization of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an effective antiinflammatory therapy for several chronic inflammatory diseases.Methods and Objectives: We undertook a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design study in 38 patients with moderate asthma treated with inhaled corticosteroids but symptomatic during a run-in phase. Infliximab (5 mg/kg) or placebo was administered by intravenous infusion at Weeks 0, 2, and 6. We assessed clinical response by monitoring lung function, symptoms, and inhaled β2-agonist usage using hand-held electronic devices.Results: The primary endpoint, change in morning PEF at Days 50–56 compared with the last 7 d of the run-in, was not significantly different on treatment. However, infliximab was associated with a decrease in mean diurnal variation of PEF at Week 8 (p = 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], −8.1 to −0.72). Furthermore, there was a decrease in the number of patients with exacerbations of asthma (p = 0.01; 95% CI, 4.4 to 52.7) and an i.
MICROPLASMA DISCHARGE STRIATION IN THE PDP CELL

Striation structures formation was investigated for microplasma discharge inside coplanar dielectric cell via particles in cells (PiC) method. These inhomogeneities appear in the discharge current pulse forefront before the sharp maximum of electron current to coplanar anode. Striation structures are formed as ion bunches and they are related with the disturbance of the potential relief near the address electrode. Formation of these structures corresponds to the increase of electrons' number in the high energy band. PACS: 52.65. -y, 52.77. -j, 52.80. -s
Single Center Experience on Eversion versus Standard Carotid Endarterectomy: A Prospective Non-Randomized Study

Djordje Radak*, Bozma Radevic", Nadezda Sternic". Goran Vucurevlcv, Branko Petrovic", Nenad IIUevski*, Sandra Radicevit*, Aleksandar N. Neskovict and Milovan Bojict "'Department of Vascular Surgery. Cardiovascular Research Center. Dedinje cardiovascular Institute. Belgrade University School of Medicine. MiJana Tepica 1. 11040 Belgrade. Yugoslavia and tor. Aleksandar D. Popovic cardiovascular Research Center. Dedinje cardiovascular Institute. Belgrade University School of Medicine. MiJana Tepica 1. 11040 Belgrade. Yugoslavia
Comparative study on menstrual hygiene in rural and urban adolescent girls

Background: Lack of knowledge and poor personal hygienic practices during menstruation can lead to various gynecological problems in the reproductive life of girls. There is difference in prior awareness about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among rural and urban adolescent girls. Aims & Objective: To study and compare knowledge, attitude and practices of menstruation and menstrual hygiene in rural and urban adolescent girls. Material and Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study in rural and urban filed practice area of Indira Gandhi government medical college, Nagpur on the 310 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-19 years from each area. Results: Awareness regarding menstruation was more in urban adolescent girls (63.38%) as compared to rural (47.57%). 62.03% of urban girls were using commercially available sanitary pads as compared to 43.4% of rural girls. Conclusion: Awareness regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene was unsatisfactory in rural area as compared to urban area.
Hipotermia no período peri-operatório

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A hipotermia ocorre frequentemente durante o periodo peri-operatorio, sendo, porem, raramente diagnosticada e tratada. A hipotermia pode ser benefica ou prejudicial ao paciente dependendo da situacao e do procedimento especificos. Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisao da literatura sobre as indicacoes e complicacoes da hipotermia, assim como seu diagnostico, prevencao e tratamento. CONTEUDO: Sao apresentadas as principais causas e complicacoes da hipotermia peri-operatoria, bem como os seus beneficios. CONCLUSOES: A hipotermia pode ocorrer durante o ato anestesico-cirurgico devido a inibicao direta da termorregulacao pelos anestesicos, a diminuicao do metabolismo e a perda de calor para o ambiente frio das salas cirurgicas, mesmo com a utilizacao de aquecimento ativo. Quando ocorre de forma inadvertida, pode estar associada a numerosas complicacoes, mas, quando bem indicada, pode proteger orgaos vitais, como o sistema nervoso central e o miocardio. A manutencao da normotermia reduz os efeitos indesejaveis da hipotermia, sendo a prevencao atraves do aquecimento, o metodo mais efetivo. Estrategias de aquecimento ativo ou passivo devem ser empregadas e os tremores musculares devem ser adequadamente tratados, prevenindo desconforto e o aumento da demanda metabolica.
Renal Artery Aneurysm: A Report of 28 Cases

Renal artery aneurysms are being Increasingly encountered due to the wider use of angiography. From 1972 to 1992, Z8 patients with renal artery aneurysm were Identified In the present study, Including 18 women and 10 men, with a mean age of 58 years. The aneurysms were discovered Incidentally In 39% of patients dUring evaluation for hypertension In 39%, and during Investigation of abdominal pain In 22%. Only 7% of patients had symptoms directly attributable to the aneurysm. Aneurysm size varied from 0.5 em to 8 em in diameter, with a mean of 2.1 em. The main renal artery was InvolvedIn 52% of cases, and primary branches In 44%; the remainder were Intraparenchymal. There was a slight right-sided predominance In this series. The etiology of the aneurysms included atherosclerosis (75%), fibromuscular disease (21%), and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (4%). Surgical therapy was undertaken In 10 patients (36%). Procedures performed included aortorenal bypass In four patients. aneurysm excision and renal artery repair In three, partial nephrectomy in one, and total nephrectomy In two. Although the natural history of renal artery macroaneurysms Is not known with certainty. potential complications Include embolization and rupture. The authors' Indications for surgery Include: (a) symptomatic or enlarging aneurysms; (b) renal embolization; (c) aneurysms in pregnant females or those considering pregnancy; (d) renovascular hypertension; (e) aneurysms> 2.5 em. Most symptom-free aneurysms <2.5 em in diameter can be safely treated expectantly.
Applied chest-wall vibration therapy for patients with obstructive lung disease

Patients with chronic lung disease (such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis) have ventilatory difficulties (i.e. getting adequate tidal volume), due to lung compliance and airflow resistance caused by mucus build-up in the lung airways. For these patients, high-frequency chest-compression therapy (HFCCT) is gaining acceptance (as an alternative to conventional physical chest physiotherapy). For arresting the decline in pulmonary function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the method involves the use of an inflatable vest system and is designed for permitting self-administration. However, the commonly used pulsating frequency range of 6‐19 Hz employed in the inflatable vest system is probably not optimized for mucus drainage. This is because for maximal effectiveness, the HFCCT needs to be effected at the chest-resonance frequencies. In an effort to enhance the efficacy of the method, chest-resonance frequencies were measured on a sample of 23 volunteers. The average chest-resonance frequencies found for male and female healthy volunteers are 26.7 Hz and 27.8 Hz, respectively. The results suggest that HFCCT should be carried out at about 18‐34 Hz. Ideally, however, it is necessary to first obtain the chest-resonance frequency of the patient and then administer HFCCT at that value. This is because patients suffering from COPD will have impaired respiratory muscle and will have a smaller than normal chest-wall cavity, which in-turn will affect the average chest-resonant frequency of patients suffering from COPD.
Parents’ Perceptions of the Impact of a Telephone Support Group Intervention

Parents living with a child or adolescent with a chronic condition experience wide-ranging demands and an increased risk of health problems. Their social support resources serve as a protective factor and can help to moderate the health effects of stressful situations associated with caregiving. This intervention study tested the impact of a 12-week telephone peer support group intervention for parents in a randomized trial. The support group parents described their experiences and perceptions of the impact of the intervention in weekly diaries and in interviews at three points over the 6 months following the intervention. Parents described increased social support, enhanced coping, increased sense of confidence, and changed outlook, family activities and relationships, and health care encounters. The vast majority were satisfied with the support groups. The telephone support groups tested in this study may improve the day-to-day quality of life for parents and diminish the risk of long-term negative health effects of caregiving.
Automated methods for the detection of lameness and analgesia

Lameness in dairy cows is a painful condition that decreases productivity and animal well-being. Lameness reduces the number of visits cows make in an automated milking system but this measure lacks specificity (Borderas et al., 2008). Lame cows change the way they distribute their weight between their four legs when standing (Pastell and Kujala, 2007), and spend more time lying down (Chapinal et al 2009b). These behavioral changes can be monitored automatically. Cows with a hoof injury and treated with the local anesthetic lidocaine showed only a moderate improvement in gait but clearly increased the proportion of weight applied to the injured leg and decreased weight shifting between the injured leg and its contralateral leg (Rushen et al., 2007). Subjective gait scoring may not be sensitive enough to detect the effects of analgesic drugs such as NSAIDs (Whay et al., 2005); a combination of measures of lameness, such as measures of weight distribution or activity may be necessary to detect the effect of analgesic drugs. The objective of this study was to assess gait and automated measures of weight distribution among the legs and of daily activity as methods for a) detecting lameness in dairy cows, and b) measuring pain mitigation by NSAIDs.
Annular Dilatation Increases Stress in the Mitral Valve and Delays Coaptation: A Finite Element Computer Model

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of annular dilatation on coaptation. and leaflet and chordal stresses. using a three dimensional finite element computer model. To do this, the whole mitral valve was simulated using ANSYS 4.4A software. Normal model geometry. collagen fiber orientation. tissue thickness. and material properties were determined from fresh porcine valves. For annular dilatation. the annular circumference was increased by 18% versus normal. Isovolumic contraction and rapid ventricular ~ection were simulated. Data showed that. in the annular dilatation model. the stress magnitudes increased more than two-fold compared with normal in both the anterior leaflet and posterior leaflet. Coaptation was greatly delayed in the dilatation model. and tile leaflets never fully coapted. Chordal stresses were also greatly increased in the dilatation model. In conclusion. increased stress due to annular dilatation may lead to tissue disruption. further dilatation, delayed coaptation, and increased regurgitation, in a 'closed-loop' degenerative process. © 1997 The International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery