Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Movement ecology of ungulate communities

Animal movement is a topic important in various different ecological perspectives. Ungulate species are an important source of income, hunting game and subject for protection and management all across the globe. As multi-species management is becoming more common- information about movement patterns in relation to other ungulates and habitat selection may help to improve this matter. With data derived from moose (Alces alces), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), all located in a Swedish Nordic peninsula called Jarnashalvon, I chose to investigate this further. In this study I used telemetry data derived from GPS-collars on all three species to fit step-selection functions (iSSF) to habitat- and ungulate density covariates. Habitat covariates were retrieved from the Swedish land surveying agency in the form of a land use raster over the study area. Density covariates were created from pellet count- and camera trap data for each of the study species. All three species selected for clear-cut areas rather than forested areas during autumn and summer. Moose and red deer selected clear-cut areas during all four seasons which highlights the importance of directed management in order to prevent potential browsing damages on young forest stands. Differences in diurnal habitat selection were also visible where red deer stood out and selected for the majority of the habitat types during night, except for during summer. Moose and roe deer selected for low/medium densities of each other whilst red deer avoided low densities of roe deer. These results show that habitat selection differs amongst these three sympatric species and is also affected by season of the year and time of day. Densities of other ungulates clearly affects movement patterns, however, the resolution of the density covariates in relation to the telemetry data led to some limitations with the use of iSSF to generate results.
Stock Price Overreaction to ESG Controversies

There has been substantial growth in the incorporation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues into investment decisions, and this trend has been motivated by the societal benefits that are achieved when socially responsible firms have access to cheaper capital. While the benefits with ESG investing are apparent, we investigate the possible downside of the trend towards ESG by examining how this approach to investing might affect market efficiency. ESG is now a highly salient aspect of an investor’s information set and, given cognitive limitations, investors might devote substantial resources to examining ESG characteristics to the detriment of other firm fundamentals. Consistent with salience theory, we report that this over-emphasis on ESG results in the market overreacting to news about ESG controversies. This over-reaction is more pronounced within smaller firms and stocks that were held by more transient investors before the announcement. Contrarian investors are likely able to profit from the unpopular strategy of buying stocks after bad ESG news is released.
Psychological Profile of Successful Criminal Police Officer

The article deals with the psychological peculiarities of professional activity of employees of criminal police units of Ukraine, the basic requirements of the profession for psychological characteristics, knowledge and skills of criminal police officers, motives for professional choice, psychological indications and contraindications to professional activity in position. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the criminal police officers perform their duties in difficult and sometimes in special and extreme conditions, therefore, for the effective selection and training of personnel, it is necessary to know the professionally important qualities (PIQ) of criminal police officers. Participants. In order to study the professionally important qualities of police officers a research was conducted during 2018. 350 criminal police officers (298 male policemen, 52 female policemen) from 20 regions of Ukraine took part in it (aged 25 to 42); the special ranks of the respondents are from lieutenant to lieutenant colonel of the police; all police officers were characterized by experts as "successful". Research methods: observations, surveys, interviews with experts, psychological testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The analysis of the average psychological profile of the "successful" criminal police officers’ personality allows characterizing the employees as persons with asthenic type of response, high activity and high level of aspiration, striking emotional reactions, which, at the same time, are sufficiently controlled. Specialists have strength and lability nervous system, a leading style of behavior, the ability to take risks with strong stress resistance. Regarding the motivational sphere, the first place in importance belongs to the motives and values related to the personal self-realization. Conclusions. The criminal police officers’ professional activities are characterized by complexity and emotional tension, occurring in difficult conditions; in order to be successful in performing his/her duties, the police officer must be psychologically prepared for the activity, possess a range of professionally important qualities, knowledge and skills.
Characterization of the rate and duration of grain filling in wheat in southwestern China

ABSTRACT Field trials were carried out during 2011–2013 in three locations on 10 wheat genotypes. Traits that were investigated included grain weight, grain-filling duration, grain-filling rates and the lag phase from flowering to the commencement of effective grain filling. The grain-filling duration and rate were fitted by Richard’s equation in thermal time (growing degree-days (GDD), base temperature 9ºC). A combined ANOVA across environments showed that the grain weight was mainly affected by genotype, while most of the other grain-filling characters were influenced by the environment and G × E interactions. Grain filling lasted between 362 to 400 GDD and included a lag phase that ranged from 67 to 86 GDD. Both the effective and maximum rates of grain filling ranged from 0.12 to 0.15 mg GDD−1 and 0.18–0.22 to GDD−1, respectively. The lag phase was positively correlated with grain weight and rates of grain filling, whereas days to anthesis were significantly negatively correlated with the lag phase and both rates of grain filling. Temperature during grain filling was negatively correlated with the lag phase. The variation in grain weight was positively associated with the rate of grain filling, which, in turn, was related to the grain number per unit area. A compensating variability existed among the genotypes in both the grain number and grain-filling rate. The study of genotypic stability demonstrated that Chuanmai42 and Chuanmai104 had high grain weight and stability among most of the grain-filling parameters, and also had high grain yield. Chuanmai42 and Chuanmai104 were the best genotypes for improving the yield potential and grain weight stability.
Similar patterns of background mortality across Europe are mostly driven by drought in European beech and a combination of drought and competition in Scots pine

Aim Background tree mortality is a complex demographic process that affects forest structure and long-term dynamics. We aimed to test how drought intensity interacts with interspecific and intraspecific competition (or facilitation) in shaping individual mortality patterns across tree species ranges. Location European latitudinal gradient (Spain to Finland). Time period 1985 – 2014. Major taxa studied Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Methods We performed logistic regression models based on individual tree mortality recorded in five European National Forest Inventories. We computed the relative importance of climatic drought intensity, basal area of conspecific and heterospecific trees (proxy of indirect intra- and interspecific competition or facilitation) and the effects of their interactions on mortality along the latitudinal gradient of both species range. Results Increase in drought intensity over the study period was associated with higher mortality rates in both species. Drought was the most important driver of beech mortality at almost all latitudes while Scots pine mortality was mainly driven by basal area. High conspecific basal area was associated with high mortality rates in both species while high heterospecific basal area was correlated with mortality rates that were high in Scots pine but low in beech. Main conclusions Beech mortality was directly affected by drought while Scots pine mortality was indirectly affected by drought through interactions with basal area. Despite their different sensitivity to drought and basal area, the highest predicted mortality rates for both species were at the ecotone between Mediterranean and cool temperate biomes, which can be explained by the combined effect of drought and competition. In the context of global warming, which is expected to be particularly strong in the Mediterranean biome, our results suggest that populations at the southern limit of species ranges may experience increased mortality rates in the near future. BIOSKETCH The authors’ research is focused on functional trait ecology and global change, with special attention to mortality and demography processes. The authors use modelling multidisciplinary approaches to understand complex processes in ecology on a large geographical scale.
Gas-phase hydrogen-deuterium exchange reactions of hydroxide and hydroxide-d ions with weakly acidic neutrals

Rate constants for hydrogen-deuterium exchange reactions between HO/sup -/ and DO/sup -/ and a series of weakly acidic neutrals, both organic and inorganic, have been measured in the gas phase by using the selected ion flow tube (SIFT) technique. The reaction efficiencies are discussed in terms of the initial ion-dipole complex energies, the relative acidities of the neutrals, and the change in solvation energy accompanying proton transfer; the effect of these energies on transition-state properties profoundly influences the outcome of the reactions. Exchange occurs rapidly between hydroxide and most aromatic and vinyl compounds but is relatively inefficient for hydrogen. The efficiency for exchange with ammonia is intermediate. Ethylene, dimethyl ether, and methane do not exhibit exchange.
Dynamics Of Holomorphic Functions In The Hyperbolic Plane

This thesis investigates the interactions between hyperbolic geometry and the dynamcal behaviour of compositions of holomorphic self-maps of the hyperbolic plane. Our analysis draws inspiration from iteration theory and the theory of discrete groups. First, we prove an inequality that quantifies how close a holomorphic function is to being a conformal self-map of the hyperbolic plane. This can be thought of as a rigidity result for conformal functions that involves the hyperbolic metric. We then use our rigidity result in order to study the dynamics of holomorphic self-maps of the hyperbolic plane. In particular, we investigate the behaviour of compositions of a sequence of functions that itself converges to some limit function. Our goal is to examine under what conditions the dynamics of the composition sequence is similar to the dynamics of the iterates of the limit function. Intuitively, this question is about whether the Denjoy–Wolff theorem is stable under perturbations in the space of holomorphic functions. Next, we focus on compositions of Mobius transformations. Due to a result of Jacques and Short, the dynamical behaviour of any composition sequence generated by finitely many Mobius transformations can be inferred from the topological properties, in the Mobius group, of the semigroup that these transformations generate. We introduce geometric conditions on these semigroups that allow us to interpret their topological behaviour. Finally, we use our analysis of semigroups of Mobius transformations in order to study the parameter space of uniformly hyperbolic PSL(2,R)-cocycles. This topic was previously investigated by Avila, Bochi and Yoccoz, who proved that the uniform hyperbolicity of cocycles is equivalent to certain geometric properties of Mobius transformations in PSL(2,R). The three authors pose several questions about the structure of this parameter space and we provide answers to two of their questions.
Phylogeny of Chinese Chamaesium (Apiaceae: Apioideae) inferred from ITS, cpDNA and morphological characters

Chamaesium (Apiaceae) is a morphologically specific genus distributed mainly at high altitudes from East Himalaya to Southwest China. China is an important diversity center of Chamaesium, where most of its species occur. It differs from most Apiaceae taxa by 1- pinnate leaf blade, and fruit with primary and secondary ribs all prominent to narrowly winged. The objective of the present study is to contribute to the phylogenetic relationships within Chamaesium, using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and three plastid makers (rpl16, rps16 and trnT-trnL). Nine species involving 28 populations of Chamaesium, three species of Bupleurum were collected this time and seven sequences of Pleurospermeae clade were obtained from the NCBI, to infer their phylogeny using Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses for the first time. The monophyly of Chamaesium is supported, proved that each species belongs to an individual clade, and the differentiation between species is obvious. Some new characteristics such as morphology in fruit and basal leaves, are used in the identification key, and new geographical distribution of Chamaesium species in China were provided. The taxonomic treatments for six species (not include the previously described species) in China including type materials, synonyms, distribution, habitats and specimens examined were carried out comprehensively referring to previous studies and our own fieldwork. A new identification key for the Chinese species of Chamaesium is reported.
Population Dynamics of Amrasca biguttula biguttula on Bt and Non Bt Cotton and Its Correlation with Abiotic Factors

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is a major commercial crop unanimously designated as “King of Fibres” and has a global significance which is grown for its lint and seed. India is the only country where all four cultivated species (G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboretum and G. herbaceum) of cotton are grown on commercial scale. In India, cotton is cultivated in an area of 12.65 m ha with a production of 37.39 million bales (170 kg/bale) of seed cotton during 2015-16. In Haryana, total area under cotton is 6.39 lakh ha and production is 22.00 lakh bales of 170 kg with productivity 665 kg per ha (Anonymous, 2015). There are a number of causes responsible for low yield of cotton but losses caused by insect-pests are of prime importance. In India 162 insect-pests of cotton have been recorded (Dhaliwal et al., 2008). After introduction of Bt cotton sucking pests like leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphid (Aphis gossypii), thrips (Thrips tabaci) and whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) etc, are responsible for the major threat and destruction of cotton crop (Gahukar, 1997). Sap feeders have been reported to cause loss in the yield to extent of 8.45q/ha in hirsutum cotton (Radhika et al., 2006). The losses in International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 09 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
A Genre Analysis of Popularization Articles on Autism in Science Daily

espanolEste articulo analiza el genero de los articulos de divulgacion sobre autismo publicados por la revista Science Daily. El objetivo de esta investigacion es definir este genero y describir su estructura, lenguaje y las caracteristicas mas comunes. El analisis incluye 50 muestras de textos siguiendo el modelo de Casan-Pitarch (2016), este basado en Bhatia (2004) y Swales (1990). Los resultados sugieren que existe una estructura comun entre los textos de este genero y tambien hay algunas formas de lenguaje que aparecen en la mayoria de los textos, como la longitud, los contenidos, la morfologia y el uso de pronombres y verbos. En conclusion, despues de analizar los resultados obtenidos de nuestro corpus, se han sugerido una serie de patrones que definen la estructura y las formas de lenguaje mas comunes dentro del genero de articulos de divulgacion publicados por Science Daily que tratan el tema del autismo. EnglishThis paper analyzes the genre of popularization article discussing autism published by the magazine Science Daily. The objective of this research is to define this genre and describe its structure, language and most common features. The method applied involved the analysis of 50 samples of texts following the model proposed by Casan-Pitarch (2016), and based on Bhatia (2004) and Swales (1990). Results suggest that there is a usual common structure among the texts of this genre and there are also some language forms that occur in most of the texts such as length, moves and steps, morphology, and the use of pronouns and verbs. In conclusion, after analyzing the results obtained from our corpus, some patterns have been suggested in order to define the most common structure and language forms within the genre of popularization articles published by Science Daily that discuss the topic of autism.
Rational Adaptation in Lexical Prediction: The Influence of Prediction Strength

Recent studies indicate that the processing of an unexpected word is costly when the initial, disconfirmed prediction was strong. This penalty was suggested to stem from commitment to the strongly predicted word, requiring its inhibition when disconfirmed. Additional studies show that comprehenders rationally adapt their predictions in different situations. In the current study, we hypothesized that since the disconfirmation of strong predictions incurs costs, it would also trigger adaptation mechanisms influencing the processing of subsequent (potentially) strong predictions. In two experiments (in Hebrew and English), participants made speeded congruency judgments on two-word phrases in which the first word was either highly constraining (e.g., “climate,” which strongly predicts “change”) or not (e.g., “vegetable,” which does not have any highly probable completion). We manipulated the proportion of disconfirmed predictions in highly constraining contexts between participants. The results provide additional evidence of the costs associated with the disconfirmation of strong predictions. Moreover, they show a reduction in these costs when participants experience a high proportion of disconfirmed strong predictions throughout the experiment, indicating that participants adjust the strength of their predictions when strong prediction is discouraged. We formulate a Bayesian adaptation model whereby prediction failure cost is weighted by the participant’s belief (updated on each trial) about the likelihood of encountering the expected word, and show that it accounts for the trial-by-trial data.
Health status appraisal of under five children in the urban health center at a particular area in Hyderabad city

Background: The first five years of life are when the foundations are laid not only for the physical growth but also the cognitive, social and emotional development of a child.Aim& Objectives: The main objectives of this study are to assess the health and nutrition status and describe the morbidity patterns of under five children in a low income urban community of Urban city in Telangana.Methdology: Efforts are also made to describe the socio-demographic profiles of the families, assess their awareness of child care practices and the utilisation of health care services for the under five child. The study was conducted in the field practice area of the Urban Health Center (UHC) at Hyderabad by selecting 6 Anganwadi service areas where a house to house survey was done. A total of 750 under five children present in 600 families were included. After obtaining consent of the mother, data were collected through a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire.Results: This study revealed the association of socio- demographic factors like mothers’ education, religion, caste and Socio economic status (SES) with the health status, healthcare awareness and child care practices. In this group of children, under nutrition and moderate to severe forms of malnutrition are lower than seen in other studies conducted in urban slums. Health seeking for the under five child revealed that the private sector was accessed more. Anganwadi services usage is not complete and better utilisation is seen in families with lower SES.Conclusion: Morbidity patterns show continuing high prevalence of diarrhoea and ARI episodes in under five children. Education of the girl child continues to be a priority in India as she will be a mother and a home maker in the future. Education empowers the mother to take in more information and also to be a better decision maker.
Survival Estimates for the Passage of Spring-Migrating Juvenile Salmonids through Snake and Columbia River Dams and Reservoirs, 2009

In 2008, the National Marine Fisheries Service completed the sixteenth year of a study to estimate survival and travel time of juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. passing through dams and reservoirs on the Snake and Columbia Rivers. All estimates were derived from detections of fish tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. We PIT tagged and released a total of 18,565 hatchery steelhead O. mykiss, 15,991 wild steelhead, and 9,714 wild yearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha at Lower Granite Dam in the Snake River. In addition, we utilized fish PIT tagged by other agencies at traps and hatcheries upstream from the hydropower system and at sites within the hydropower system in both the Snake and Columbia Rivers. These included 122,061 yearling Chinook salmon tagged at Lower Granite Dam for evaluation of latent mortality related to passage through Snake River dams. PIT-tagged smolts were detected at interrogation facilities at Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental, Ice Harbor, McNary, John Day, and Bonneville Dams and in the PIT-tag detector trawl operated in the Columbia River estuary. Survival estimates were calculated using a statistical model for tag-recapture data from single release groups (the single-release model). Primary research objectives in 2008 were to: (1) estimatemore » reach survival and travel time in the Snake and Columbia Rivers throughout the migration period of yearling Chinook salmon and steelhead, (2) evaluate relationships between survival estimates and migration conditions, and (3) evaluate the survival estimation models under prevailing conditions. This report provides reach survival and travel time estimates for 2008 for PIT-tagged yearling Chinook salmon (hatchery and wild), hatchery sockeye salmon O. nerka, hatchery coho salmon O. kisutch, and steelhead (hatchery and wild) in the Snake and Columbia Rivers. Additional details on the methodology and statistical models used are provided in previous reports cited here. Survival and detection probabilities were estimated precisely for most of the 2008 yearling Chinook salmon and steelhead migrations. Hatchery and wild fish were combined in some of the analyses. For yearling Chinook salmon, overall percentages for combined release groups used in survival analyses in the Snake River were 80% hatchery-reared and 20% wild. For steelhead, the overall percentages were 65% hatchery-reared and 35% wild. Estimated survival from the tailrace of Lower Granite Dam to the tailrace of Little Goose Dam averaged 0.939 for yearling Chinook salmon and 0.935 for steelhead. « less