Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A magnetic study of the west Iberia and conjugate rifted continental margins: constraints on rift-to-/drift processes

The analysis and modelling of magnetic anomalies at the conjugate rifted continental margins of the southern Iberia Abyssal Plain (TAP) and Newfoundland Basin have revealed that the sources of magnetic anomalies are distinctly different across both each margin and between the two margins. Analyses of synthetic anomalies and gridded sea surface magnetic anomaly charts west of Iberia and east of Newfoundland were accomplished by the methods of Euler deconvolution, forward and inverse modelling of the power spectrum, reduction-to-the-pole, and forward and inverse indirect methods. In addition, three near-bottom magnetometer profiles were analysed by the same methods in addition to the application of componental magnetometry. The results have revealed that oceanic crust, transitional basement and thinned continental crust are defined by magnetic sources with different characteristics. Over oceanic crust, magnetic sources are present as lava-flow-like bodies whose depths coincide with the top of acoustic basement seen on MCS profiles. Top-basement source depths are consistent with those determined in two other regions of oceanic crust. In the southern IAP, oceanic crust, ~4 km thick with magnetizations up to +1.5 A/m, generated by organized seafloor spreading was first accreted -126 Ma at the position of a N-S oriented segmented basement peridotite ridge. To the west, seafloor spreading anomalies can be modelled at spreading rates of 10 mm/yr or more. Immediately to the east, in a zone -10-20 km in width, I identify seafloor spreading anomahes which can only be modelled assuming variable spreading rates. In the OCT, sources of magnetic anomalies are present at the top of basement and up to -6 km beneath. I interpret the uppermost source as serpentinized peridotite, and the lowermost source as intruded gabbroic bodies which were impeded, whilst rising upwards, by the lower density serpentinized peridotites. Intrusion was accompanied by tectonism and a gradual change in conditions from rifting to seafloor spreading as the North Atlantic rift propagated northwards in Early Cretaceous times. Within thinned continental crust, sources are poorly lineated, and distributed in depth. Scaling relationships of susceptibility are consistent with the sources of magnetic anomalies within continental crust. OCT-type intrusions may be present in the mantle beneath continental crust. At the conjugate Newfoundland margin, seafloor spreading anomalies can be modelled at rates of 8 and 10 mm/yr suggesting an onset age consistent with that of the IAP. In the OCT there, I propose that magnetic anomalies are sourced in near top-basement serpentinized peridotites. An absence of magmatic material and the differences in basement character (with the IAP) suggest that conjugate margin evolution may have been asymmetric.
Evaluation of a Math Tutoring Program Implemented with Community Support: A Systematic Replication & Extension

The current study evaluated the impact of a math tutoring program delivered in 20 schools to students in 4th through 8th grades by community members over one academic year. Students were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. Linear and logistic regression were used to evaluate group differences in post-test scores and the probability of attaining the spring proficiency benchmark on each of three outcomes. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed higher achievement scores and a higher probability of meeting the end-of-year proficiency benchmark for the fact fluency and computer-adaptive tests among students assigned to treatment. No statistically significant effects were observed on a state proficiency test. Implications for significant and null findings are discussed within the context of intervention content and delivery.
Combinatorial categorized bandits with expert rankings

Many real-world systems such as e-commerce web-sites and content-serving platforms employ two-stage recommendation — in the ﬁrst stage, multiple nominators (experts) provide ranked lists of items (one nominator per category, e.g., sports and political news articles), and in the second stage, an aggregator ﬁlters across the lists and outputs a single (short) list of K items to the users. The aggregation stage can be posed as a combinatorial multi-armed bandit problem, with the additional structure that the arms are grouped into categories (disjoint sets of items) and the ranking of arms within each category is known. We propose algorithms for selecting top K items in this setting under two learning objectives, namely minimizing regret over rounds and identifying the top K items within a ﬁxed number of rounds. For each of the objectives, we provide sharp regret/error analysis using carefully deﬁned notion of “gap” that exploits our problem structure. The resulting regret/error bounds strictly improve over prior work in combinatorial bandits literature. We also provide supporting evidence from simulations on synthetic and semi-synthetic problems.
Flowers of Impatiens glandulifera as hubs for both pollinators and pathogens

Flower infestation by pathogens may influence pollination effectiveness. At the same time, by sharing infested flowers, pollinators increase transmission of pathogens. In the presented study we identified fungi that colonised flowers of the invasive alien Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera , one of the most nectar rewarding plants in Europe, as well as its pollinators. We determined factors (e.g., plant size, length of flower lower sepal and the width of its entry, air temperature and sun illuminance) that affect pathogen species presence and pollinators numbers. The study was conducted in three regions in Poland differing in time from the I. glandulifera invasion onset. It allowed embedding our results in the context of the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis. With reference to this hypothesis we tested whether I. glandulifera from the two younger populations are more frequently pollinated than individuals from the old one, which may be a result of the higher infection prevalence in the flowers of individuals from the latter population. Harmful primary pathogens of I. glandulifera (e.g., Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium graminearum
Cross-contamination: Comparison of Nasal and Chronic Leg Ulcer Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Same Patient

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of bacterial cross-contamination between the nasal cavity and leg ulcers. Sixteen patients were included in the study. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the leg ulcer of 13 patients and 6 of these patients also harboured S. aureus in the nasal cavity. Klebsiella oxytoca was found in the ulcer and the nasal cavity of one patient. PFGE analysis revealed that patients harbouring S. aureus both in the nasal cavity and the leg ulcer had the same bacterial type at both sites. None of the S. aureus isolates were methicillin resistant.
Expression of Filaggrin in Normal and Keratinized Conjunctiva

Purpose: We wanted to investigate filaggrin expression in normal conjunctiva and in conjunctiva exposed to different degrees of mechanical stress. Mechanical stress results in parakeratinization of the conjunctiva. If filaggrin is expressed in the milder forms of parakeratinization, it might be used as a sensitive marker of mechanical stress. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining using antibodies to filaggrin was performed on paraffin sections of normal human conjunctiva, and on conjunctiva with different degrees of mechanical conjunctival stress. Results: Filaggrin was not expressed in the normal conjunctiva, nor in conjunctiva with milder forms of mechanical stress. Intense staining of filaggrin was seen in the conjunctiva of a patient with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and marked expression of filaggrin was found in the conjunctival epithelium of a patient with moderate dysplasia of the conjunctiva. Conclusion: Filaggrin is not a sensitive marker of mechanical stress; it is, however, expressed in some moderate and severe forms of parakeratinization of the conjunctiva.
Asset Pricing: A Tale of Night and Day

Abstract The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) performs poorly overall, as market risk (beta) is weakly related to 24-hour returns. This is because stock prices behave very differently with respect to their sensitivity to beta when markets are open for trading versus when they are closed. Stock returns are positively related to beta overnight, whereas returns are negatively related to beta during the trading day. These day-night relations hold for beta-sorted portfolios and individual stocks in the US and internationally as well as for industry and book-to-market portfolios and cash flow and discount rate beta-sorted portfolios. In addition to the change in slope of returns with respect to beta, the implied risk-free rate differs significantly between night and day. Consistent with this, returns on US Treasury futures differ significantly between night and day.
Wnt/ β β -catenin signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinomas cases from Colombia

Background and aim. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer diagnosed worldwide. Deregulation of Wnt/ (cid:69) -catenin pathway has been associated with the development of HCC in a substantial number of cases in Europe and far less in Asia. Nothing is known about this pathway in HCC cases from South America. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of mutations in (cid:69) -catenin gene (CTNNB1) and the subcellular localization of (cid:69) -catenin in HCC cases from Colombia. Material and methods. We determine by direct sequencing the frequency of mutations in exon 3 of CTNNB1 gene and by immunohistochemistry the subcellular localization of (cid:69) -catenin in 54 samples of HCC obtained from three pathology units in Bogota and Medellin cities. Results. Only three HCC cases (5.6%) were found mutated at residues (G34E, S45P, P44S, T41I) important for phosphorylation and ubiquitination of (cid:69) -catenin protein. Strikingly, nuclear or cytoplasmic accumulation of (cid:69) -catenin, hallmark of Wnt pathway activation, was found in 42.6% HCC cases (23/54). Interestingly, (cid:69) -catenin accumulation was significantly more frequent in young patients and hepatitis B virus-related HCC. Conclusions. Although, CTNNB1 exon 3 mutations are not frequent in HCC from Colombian patients, our findings indicate that Wnt/ (cid:69) -catenin signaling is activated in 42.6% of HCC samples. Furthermore, Wnt signaling was demonstrated in HCC cases associated of HBV infection, one of the most important HCC risk factors in Colombia.
On the parabolic Stefan problem for Ostwald ripening with kinetic undercooling and inhomogeneous driving

Ostwald ripening is the coarsening phenomenon caused by the diffusion and solidification process which occurs in the last stage of a first-order phase transformation. The force that drives the system towards equilibrium is the gradient of the chemical potential that, according to the Gibbs-Thomson condition, on the interface, is proportional to its mean curvature. A quantitative description of Ostwald ripening has been developed by the LSW theory. We extend the work of Niethammer [14] which deals with kinetic undercooling in the quasi-static case to the parabolic setting with temporally inhomogeneous driving forces on the solid-liquid interfaces. By means of a priori estimates, local and global existence results for the parabolic Stefan problem, we derive a first order approximation for the dynamical equations for the heat distribution and particle radii and then prove the convergence to a limiting description using a mean-field equation.
Tensor-valued encoding, time-dependent diffusion, and histological validation

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) sensitizes the MR signal to the diffusion of water molecules at the microscopic level and thereby non-invasively probes tissue microstructure. This is relevant when determining biological properties of tissues, for example, cancer type and its malignancy. The problem is, however, that dMRI lacks sensitivity and specificity to distinct microstructural features because an image voxel contains vast number of different features that are mapped onto relatively few dMRI observables. To tackle this issue, we aimed at solving two gaps in current knowledge—the first was related to what microstructural aspects are of most importance and the second to how adding new observables to the dMRI measurement could improve brain tumor imaging. In this work, we first investigate the biological underpinnings of dMRI observables—focusing on the degree to which larger-scale microstructural arrangements are of relevance. In Paper I, we investigated the effects of nonstraight propagation of axons and found that they are indistinguishable from those originating from the diameter of a straight axon, at least for typical measurements with a clinical scanner. We propose that the use of short diffusion times could help separate them. In Paper II, in a comparison between histology and microimaging of meningioma brain tumors, we quantified to what degree the common biological interpretation of one of the most used dMRI observable holds—mean diffusivity (MD) as reflecting cell density and fractional anisotropy reflecting tissue anisotropy. We found that the local variability in MD was explained in minority of the samples whereas FA in majority by the common interpretations. We suggested additional relevant features such as tumor vascularization, psammoma bodies, microcysts or tissue cohesivity for explaining MD variability. Second, we examined whether a framework that introduces a new measurement observable brings value in intracranial tumor imaging. This new variable is termed the b-tensor shape and is derived from the tensor-valued dMRI paradigm. In Paper IV, we adjusted and shortened by 40 % (from 5 to 3 minutes) a tensor-valued dMRI protocol for clinical imaging of intracranial tumors and applied it to characterize to a wide range of different intracranial tumors. The protocol was also used in clinical studies of patients with intracranial tumors—gliomas and meningiomas—in Paper III and Paper V, respectively. In Paper III, we found that using so-called spherical b-tensor encoding leads to enhanced conspicuity of glioma hyperintensities to white matter in all patients and on average the signal-intensity-ratio increased by 28 %. In Paper V we found that it may also inform on meningiomas preoperatively. The standard deviation of isotropic kurtosis was associated with tumor grade and with and the 10th percentiles of the mean and anisotropic kurtoses with firm tumor consistency. Preoperative knowledge of the consistency is important for the neurosurgeons when choosing the optimal surgical procedure.
Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil Using Admixtures

Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil (BC soil) is studied by using Lime and Fly ash. BC soils are highly clayey soils (Montmorillonite clay mineral). The moisture changes in BC soils, compressibility and plasticity nature can be greatly improved with the addition of Lime and Fly ash. This paper includes the evaluation of soil properties like Optimum moisture content, dry density, and strength parameter (California Bearing ratio value). Different quantities of Lime and Fly ash (% by weight) are added to the BC soil and the experiments conducted on these soil mixes. The result shows that the use of Lime and Fly ash increases the California Bearing Ratio values i.e. the strength of soil to a great extent.
Tabloid Media Campaigns and Public Opinion: Quasi-Experimental Evidence on Euroscepticism in England

hether powerful media outlets have effects on public opinion has been at the heart of theoretical and empirical discussions about the media ’ s role in political life. Yet, the effects of media campaigns are difficult to study because citizens self-select into media consumption. Using a quasi-experiment — the 30-year boycott of the most important Eurosceptic tabloid newspaper, The Sun, in Merseyside caused by the Hillsborough soccer disaster — we identify the effects of The Sun boycott on attitudes toward leaving the EU. Difference-in-differences designs using public opinion data spanning three decades, supplemented by referendum results, show that the boycott caused EU attitudes to become more positive in treated areas. This effect is driven by cohorts socialized under the boycott and by working-class voters who stopped reading The Sun. Our findings have implications for our understanding of public opinion, media influence, and ways to counter such influence in contemporary democracies.
The Determinants of Accounting Choices within the SMEs in Cameroon

Business management is a matter of business survival based on accounting choices. This paper examines the determinants of accounting choices above a mere financial policy view. A literature review on the factors influencing a company’s performance, helps highlighting stewardship and governance theory in order to explain the multidimensionality of accounting choices that can enlighten the understanding of the links between . and the determinants within companies. By comparing samples of Small and Medium Enterprises in business with those that have ran out, we search the differences between both groups in terms of characteristics inherent to accounting choices. The empirical is based on two categories of the SMEs, on a sample of 189 from 2016 to 2018. The results highlight that accounting choices are correlated with the size of the SME as a factor encouraging the company’s financial policy.
THE EFFECT OF HALAL LABEL, HALAL AWARENESS, FOOD INGREDIENTS, ADVERTISING AND PURCHASE INTEREST ON THE DECISION TO BUY “SAMYANG NOODLES” (STUDY ON UNIVERSITIES STUDENTS IN MALANG CITY)

Viewed from an Islamic perspective, the concept of halal is vital for a Muslim. This is indicated by the number of requests for halal products that already have a Halal certificate. Although each Muslim consumer has different levels of compliance with sharia depending on the level of religiosity, in general, Muslim consumers will have a positive attitude towards products that use a halal approach in their marketing process. This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of the halal label, halal awareness, food ingredients, advertising, and purchase interest on the decision to buy Samyang noodles. The sample in this study was 200 college students in Malang. The analysis technique uses descriptive data, and path analysis was applied from multiple linear regression analysis. In this study, it can be concluded that there was a significant positive effect of the halal label on purchase intention. There was a significant positive effect of halal awareness on purchase intention. There was a significant positive effect of food ingredients on purchase intention. There was a significant positive effect of advertising on purchase intention. There was a significant positive effect of the halal label on buying decisions. There was a significant positive effect of advertising on buying decisions. There was a significant positive effect on buying interest in buying decisions. Meanwhile, the indirect relationship states that: There was no effect of halal awareness, food ingredients, and advertisements on purchasing decisions through purchase intention.
Adaptation of Residential Interiors for Low and Middle-Income Syrians Living in Sultanbeyli, Turkey

One of the biggest forced mass migrations of the twenty-first century originated in the Syrian Arab Republic due to political conflict, which was turned into a civil war (Kavas et al., 2019). Syrian migrants are therefore considered refugees who were involuntarily displaced from their homelands. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, “[o]ver 5.6 million people have fled Syria since 2011, seeking safety in Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, and beyond”. Turkey, which does not consider Syrians refugees, gave them temporary protection in 2014 (Directorate General of Migration Management [DGMM], 2022), and also hosts the largest number of Syrians—currently more than 3.6 million (UNHCR, 2022).
Sexual orientation and race intersectionally mute the normative nature of gender stereotypes Sa-kiera

There is substantial research on the nature of gender prescriptive and proscriptive stereotypes. However, there has been relatively little work on whether these normative stereotypes are equally attributed to men and women of different identities. Across two studies (total N = 1074), we assessed the extent to which stereotypes are prescribed and proscribed for men and women of different sexual orientations (Study 1) and races (Study 2) in an American context. Results show strong evidence of a heterocentric bias, as prescriptive and proscriptive stereotypes of generic men and women most closely aligned with those of straight men and women. There was weaker evidence of a Eurocentric bias. Furthermore, observed gender differences in prescriptive and proscriptive stereotypes were significantly smaller, or nonexistent, for sexual and ethnic minority targets compared to straight and White targets. These findings combined suggest that theories around the dyadic nature of gender normative stereotypes between men and women might be restricted to straight and White men and women.
Cascade baryon spectroscopy at J-PARC high-momentum beamline

We propose to perform cascade baryon spectroscopy at the high-momentum secondary beamline of J-PARC. The physics goals is to determine Ξ ∗ 0 states up to 2.3 GeV/ c 2 with 7 σ significance for the first time. We will measure the missing-mass spectrum of K − p → K ∗ 0 Ξ ∗ 0 reaction and obtain production cross sections of K − p → K ∗ 0 Ξ ∗ 0 reactions at the beam momentum of 8 GeV/ c . The J-PARC E50 spectrometer is used to measure scattered K ∗ 0 together with decay products of Ξ ∗ 0 . The expected results will shed a light on an effective degree of freedom
Histopathological patterns of pancreatic malignancy among Afro Sudanese patients: A step towards preliminary database in a developing country

Background: Pancreatic cancer mortality is considered the fourth commonest international cause of cancer-related death. Most avail - able treatment modalities are ineffective, contributing to poor prog - nosis in this aggressive type of cancer. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment, and due to low resources and underprovided care in Africa, more than 80% of patients are not suitable for curative intervention at presentation. Furthermore, data on the histopathol - ogy of pancreatic tumors from developing countries are lacking. This study aims to identify the most common histopathological patterns among African Sudanese patients with malignant pancreatic neo - plasms and establish a reference database for more studies. Methods: It is retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive observa - tional hospital-based study on Ninety-five patients’. The variables like age, gender, histopathological diagnosis were measured. Frequen - cies and proportions were used to describe patient demographics, variables such as age were described with mean, all tests were two-tailed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25), and sta - tistics were considered significant when P-value <0.05. Results : The mean age was 56.7 years (sd±14.5). Fifty-four were males, and the male to female ratio was