Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proximate composition and sensory properties of moringa fortified yellow maize-ogi

‘Ogi’ was produced from yellow variety of maize to obtain a fermented gruel from ogi and the effect of moringa leaves fortification on the nutritional value and the sensory properties of yellow maize-ogi was investigated. The moringa leaf powder was substituted into yellow maize-ogi in these formulations; 100:0, 90:10 and 85:15. The effects of the moringa leaves powder substitution on the proximate content, mineral content, betacarotene, swelling capacity and the sensory properties were determined. The sample with 15% moringa leaf substitution had about 95% increases in protein content. The crude fibre and ash contents increased from 2.33 and 1.75% to 3.57 and 2.33% with sample substituted with 15% moringa leaf having the highest. There was increase in the values of the mineral contents of the ogi samples with increase in the level of moringa leaf substitution; calcium content increased from 136.0 to 466.0 mg/100 g; magnesium from 31.67 to 123.00 mg/100 g; iron increased from 5.23 to 14.77 mg/100 g; potassium from 33.33 to 215.00 mg/100g; zinc from 0.20 to 0.73 mg/100 g and copper from 0.27 to 0.60 mg/100 g. Beta – carotene of 1126.67 μg/100 g was obtained with 15% moringa leaf substitution. The swelling capacity decreased with increase in the level of moringa leaf substitution. This study revealed that fortification of ogi with moringa leaves at 10% improved the nutritional quality of ogi and was still generally acceptable.
Relationship Between Level Of Education Of Farmers And Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Marketing Of Farm Produce By Small Scale Farmers In Manga Sub-County, Kenya

: Limited access to accurate and timely market information continues to be a major impediment in the marketing of farm produce by farmers in Africa and in Kenya, especially in Manga Sub-County, Nyamira County. This limited access to market information has led to high cost of transaction and emergence of middlemen. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have the potential to assist in addressing this problem by creating awareness, linking and distributing information on marketing. It is evident that farmers in Kenya have focused their attention in acquisition of ICT resources because of widespread coverage of mobile telephony, low call rates, affordable data bundles, increasing internet connectivity and other forms of ICT applications for example the M-pesa services with little application in marketing. This study aimed to determine the relationship between level of education of farmers and use of ICTs in marketing of farm produce by small scale farmers in Manga Sub-County in Nyamira County, Kenya. Descriptive research design was adopted in the study. The target population of the study was 11,040 commercial farmers in Manga Sub-County from which a sample size of 109 small scale farmers was selected using stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire administered to farmers in the Sub-County was used to collect data. Validity of the instrument was enhanced by subjecting the instrument to examination by three experts in the Department of Agricultural Education and Extension of Egerton University. Analysis of piloting results using Cronbach‘s coefficient alpha method yielded a reliability index of 0.896 indicating the instrument was reliable. The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics used were the frequency and percentages. Pearson‘s correlation coefficient analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used in data analysis. The hypothesis was tested at a significance level of 0.05. Findings of the study identified that high level of education of farmers significantly influenced the use of ICTs in marketing farm produce by small-scale farmers in Manga Sub-County. This study recommends improvement in level of education of farmers, in order to improve the farmers‘ use of ICTs in marketing of farm produce in the study area.
Therapeutic Effects of Gallic Acid: Current Scenario

Gallic acid (GA), a polyphenolic compound, has been reported to prevent various diseases. In addition to prescription drugs, nutraceuticals/medicinal foods are progressively included as adjunct of cardiovascular maladies, cancer, hepatitis C, inflammation, HCV infection and neurological disorders, even though most of them have been exclusively studied in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of GA against various diseases. Systematic review of peer review was done. Studies were also identified through literature search using online databases belonging to PubMed and others with key words “Therapeutic effects of Gallic acid” from 2009 to 2017. The search was restricted to original articles, peer reviews published and online databases. The references for relevant publications were reviewed through journals. All the studies were assessed and conducted for methodological quality through reference lists of available literature. This review brings together some recent studies which establish the beneficial properties of polyphenols especially GA against most outbreak diseases and analyzes the mechanisms involved in these properties. The results presented in this review may help to emphasize that this compound could be promising as a new alternative for the treatment of mentioned diseases, either alone or in combination with other drugs or their derivatives to potentiate their effects. Results of the present study demonstrate that GA, an effective supplement, as an adjuvant therapy may be a very promising compound in reducing mortality rate of diseases Therapeutic Effects of Gallic Acid: Current Scenario Noreen Samad* and Ayesha Javed
Gross Anatomical and Sex wise Biometrical Studies on the Atlas and Axis of Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus)

The present study was carried out on the atlas and axis of six specimens of adult Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) of either sex. Both the atlas and axis were atypical cervical vertebrae. The atlas presented a large rough tuberosity on its dorsal arch, thick ventral arch and less curved wings those were thick and more horizontal plate bones. They terminated into a rough curved ridge laterally and exceeded behind the articular surface caudally. The cranial articular cavities for the occipital condyles were partially divided into dorsal and ventral parts by a non-articular area and were separated by a narrow interval below. The caudal articular surfaces were flattened behind and were continued to the vertebral canal forming an extensive area known as fovea dentis for articulation with the dens of the axis. There were presences of cranio-internal intervertebral foramen and cranio-external alar foramen connected by a short furrow. A deep atlantal fossa was present in the ventral aspect of wing of atlas. The axis was the longest cervical vertebra that presented a spout like odontoid process projected from the body cranially and an intervertebral foramen at the base of the transverse process. The supraspinous process was blade like cranially that increased in height and thickness backwards and terminated abruptly beyond the level of caudal articular surface of the body. The infraspinous process was in the form of a median ridge. The Biometrical observations on different parameters of atlas and axis reflected significance (P<0.05) differences between the sexes of this species.
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Textile Effluent

Sample of textile industry effluent was collected from south Gujarat Region. The results of this analysis were comparedwith the water quality standards of BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard). In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as colour, odour, temperature, alkalinity, acidity, chloride, hardness, total dissolved solids(TDS), total suspended solid, pH,DO, COD, BOD, were determined using standard procedures. The study revealed that Due directly discharge of untreated Textile effluents poses a health risk to several rural communities which rely on the receiving water bodies primarily as their source of domestic water.
Estimation of immunoglobulins levels in the sera of patients infected with liver hydatid cysts

This study included 46 pa ents with liver hyda d cyst diagnosed clinically and surgically, control group consist of 22 were naïve from infec on had been confirmed by specialist. The pa ents were divided according to the size of the cysts into more and less than 5 cm diameter size, were 33 and 13 respec vely. Also it divided into primary and secondary hyda d cyst infec on which were 30 and 16 respec vely. The role of immunological response against hydatid cyst parasite, showed a significant increased in humoral immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE) which were significantly higher in the hydatid cyst infection than control. Also significant increased in immunoglobulins in secondary infection than primary infection, beside significant increased in the levels of immunoglobulins IgG and IgE in pa ents with > 5 cm hyda d cyst diameter compared with < 5 cm hyda d cyst diameter, while the increased in the levels of IgA and IgM were not significant.
Biomedical Research 2011; 22 (2):

Coronary Artery Disease is the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Serum paraoxonase is a high density lipoprotein (HDL)-bound enzyme exhibiting antiatherogenic properties. Oxidative stress plays the major role in the atherosclerotic process. In the present case control study, serum paraoxonase activity and oxidative stress were monitored in 100 patients with AMI and 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein were significantly (p<0.001) high and the levels of high density lipoprotein were significantly (p<0.001) low in the AMI patients as compared to healthy controls. MDA level was significantly (p<0.001) high and antioxidant activity of PON was significantly low in diabetic (p<0.001) and non-diabetic (p<0.01) AMI patients as compared with controls. Our findings show the increased oxidative stress and decreased paraoxonase antioxidant activity in AMI patients and importance of assessing these markers along with lipid profile in AMI patients.
COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS OF INCOME CONSUMPTION RELATIONSHIP OF EU AND OECD COUNTRIES A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS APPROACH

The phenomenon of consumption is one of the most significant issues of economic theory and econometric research. It has been scientifically discussed since the mid-twentieth century even though it began with the history of humanity and has continued until today. Since income is the key determinant of consumption, the level of consumption affects the level of savings, and the level of savings affects investment, the research interest on the relationship between income and consumption is constantly rising. This study considers the cross-sectional dependence among panel data using 1980-2013 data of absolute income hypothesis. The stability of the series is analyzed using CADF test, cointegration relationship is tested using the Westerlund (2008) Durbin-H and Westerlund (2007) ECM tests, and cointegrating coefficients are estimated using the Peseran (2007) CCE estimator. The results indicate that the Absolute Income Hypothesis is applicable for the EU and OECD countries. Thus, the study confirms the validity of the Keynesian absolute income hypothesis stating that consumption is a positive but diminishing function of income.
Modelling Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Therapy

Serakinci N1* and Can Erzik2 1Near East University, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Head of Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Near East Avenue, 99138, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 2Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Turkey *Address for Correspondence: Nedime Serakinci, Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Lefkosa, E-mail: nedimeserakinci@gmail.com
Accounting Conservatism and Corporate Performance: The ModeratingEffect of the Board of Directors

The purpose of this article is to clarify the moderating effect of the board of directors in the relationship between the accounting conservatism and companies' performance. Previous studies have investigated the impact of corporate governance on the level of accounting conservatism. Our objective is to study the effect on the relationship between the level of accounting conservatism and performance of a central governance mechanism, namely, the board of directors. Using a sample of 60 French listed companies belonging to the SBF 120 index in all the period 2007-2012, we examine the effect of the size, the composition and the structure of such a mechanism on the relationship between the accounting conservatism and companies' performance. Therefore, most of our findings support the moderating impact of such a mechanism that has been ignored or left out by earlier studies.
ANTHROPOMETRY AS AN INDICATOR OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN SUDANESE PREPUBERTAL SCHOOL CHILDREN (6-9 YEARS) AT ALFITAIH VILLAGE, KHARTOUM, SUDAN, SEPTEMBER 2014

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight and obesity) , to assess the nutritional status of children using triceps skin fold thickness, to calculate total body fat percent for children, and to identify the socioeconomic status of households in the study area. Methodology: A total of 94 children from two basic schools were selected using stratified random sampling, Anthropometric measurements (weight, height and skin fold thickness) were recorded for each child according to WHO protocols. Scientific questionnaire was designed to collect information about families. Total body fat percent was calculated using Jackson and Pollok three site skin fold formula. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and WHO anthro plus version 1.0. 4. Results: Girls were 54, and 40 were boys. In 50% of families the income was between 1000-1500 SDG which is equivalent to 100-150$ Per month. About 63% of fathers were nonskilled labourers and 84% of mothers were housewives. For all children the prevalence of underweight was 22.34%, while obesity was 2.13%. Stunting prevalence was 23.15%. BMI was normal in 65.96% but 26.6%, and 2.13% had mild to moderate decrease in BMI (<-1 SD and< -2 SD) respectively. Triceps skin fold thickness measurements had shown that only 53.3% were between the 5 th and 90 th percentile according to national health and nutritional examination survey III (NHANES III) percentiles. Total body fat percent was normal in 44.12% only. Conclusion and recommendations: The study revealed high prevalence of under nutrition of different types and intensities; more research is needed by health authorities to determine the magnitude and causes of malnutrition in school children. WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES SJIF Impact Factor 5.210 Volume 4, Issue 06, 182-191. Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 Article Received on 13 April 2015, Revised on 04 May 2015, Accepted on 25 May 2015
Ozone and Aerosol Index as radiation amplification factor of UV index over Egypt based on satellite data in period (1979-2005)

The increasing amount of UV Index (UVI) (in percentage) when 1% decreases in the column of atmospheric ozone known as Radiation Amplification Factor (RAF). RAF is a very useful quantity to estimate the climatic change. The study covers the period from 1979 to 2005, with a missing data from 1993 to 1996. In the first, these parameters (Ozone, AI and Reflectivity (REF)) are studied individually over all sky conditions. The radiation amplification factor (RAF) will be studied over cloudless sky conditions for clarification of the relativity ratio between total ozone content (TOC) and Ultraviolet index (UVI) also for estimation of the dependence of UVI by aerosol index. RAF of UVI due to changes in TOC by 1% corresponding by variation in UVI by 0.83 % – 1.07%, While the RAF due to changes in Aerosol Index by 1% corresponding by variation in UVI variation by 0.007 % – 0.07%.
Incidence and Predisposing Factors of Birth Trauma in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai, India: A Prospective Study

Background: Birth trauma, especially mechanical trauma is one of the important causes of significant neonatal morbidity and rare cause of mortality. With advancement in technology and improved obstetric care and liberal use of cesarean section deliveries, serious birth trauma is decreasing worldwide. Aim: The aim is to determine the incidence and predisposing factors of birth trauma in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, case-control study carried out at Government RSRM Hospital, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai between October 2007 and September 2008. Results: Head and neck injuries were the most common with 253 (88%) injuries, followed by skin and soft tissue injuries 17 (6%), nerve injuries 14 (5%), and bone injuries 4 (1%). No intra abdominal injury has been recorded. In our study, the predisposing factors for mechanical birth trauma were primiparity (P < 0.0001), short maternal stature (P < 0.0001), unbooked mother (P = 0.0007), antenatal obstetrical complications such as malpresentation (P = 0.001), cephalo pelvic disproportion (P < 0.0001), oligohydramnios (P = 0.03), late referrals from peripheral health institutions (P < 0.0001), breech presentation (P = 0.001), oxytocin use (P < 0.0001), obstructed labor (P < 0.0001), shoulder dystocia (P < 0.0001), instrumental delivery (P < 0.0001), size of the baby (P < 0.0001), birth weight more than 3.5 kg (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The incidence of serious birth injuries is very low but minor injuries are significantly high. Primiparity, obstructed labor, instrumental delivery, large baby, malpresentation are the risk factors identified in this study.
Emerging Multidrug Resistant Ampc Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenamase Enteric Isolates in Abeokuta, Nigeria

Rapid emergence of multidrug co-resistant AmpC β-Lactamase and Carbapenamase Enteric Isolates in Abeokuta, Nigeria was investigated. A total of 426 faecal samples was obtained and tested for AmpC ß-lactamases using Inhibitor based test method and carbapenamase production. Their antibiotics susceptibility to various commonly used antibiotics was evaluated accordingly. Only 5(45.5%) express AmpC beta-lactamase among hospital patients while 17/59(63.0%) from community residents. Carbapenamase producing ESBL isolates among the hospital patients shows 0.76% rate compare to 3.3% recorded among the community residents. High resistant of 100% was recorded in some enteric isolates such as Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp and Proteus spp to ampicillin while 81.0%, 67.5% and 63.0% were resistant to ceftazidime, azithromycin and cefuroxime (MIC<8). Proliferation of multi-drug resistance AmpC beta-lactamase and carbapenamse strains may become predominant in our health care facilities and in the community as a result of the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents and fecal carriage among the people who serve as risk factor, and thereby making formulation of public health guidelines unachievable. [Akinduti Paul Akinniyi, Ejilude Oluwaseun, Motayo B.O, Adeyokinu A. F. Emerging Multidrug Resistant Ampc Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenamase Enteric Isolates in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Nat Sci 2012;10(7):70-74]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net/nature. 10
Caregivers and Computers: Key Lessons From the Adoption and Implementation of EMR in New York State Nursing Homes

This chapter presents an overview of our evaluation of the introduction of electronic medical records (EMR) in 20 nursing homes located in the New York City region. These organizations were part of an EMR demonstration project cosponsored by the for-profit segment of the nursing home industry in the region and 1199SEIU United Health Care Workers East, the union that represented frontline staff in these organizations. We report central lessons from our evaluation, which took place over the course of four years and included multiple data sources. The primary purpose of our research was to examine the effects of EMR adoption on employment and labor relations in the participating organizations. Findings are based on a longitudinal study of EMR adoption in 15 of the 20 organizations that received the EMR technology and five “control” organizations, which did not receive the technology, employing a mixed methodological design with both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Results from our research inform the existing EMR adoption discussion in two ways. First, we find mixed evidence associated with EMR implementation. The adoption of this new technology enhances certain organizational outcomes, but it seems to hinder others. Second, findings from our research highlight the importance of preexisting organizational factors as predictors of EMR-associated outcomes. EMR-associated outcomes, positive or negative, are likely to be contingent on key organizational characteristics and on managerial adoption strategies. Our study's findings imply that the meaningful use of EMR needs to take into account not only the technical specifications of EMR but also the organizational characteristics of the physician practices and healthcare facilities adopting the technology. Healthcare organizations vary in their capacity and ability to make optimal use of health information technology, which should be incorporated into public policy and organizational practices designed to increase adoption.
Effect of Substrate (Waste Paper, Leaves of P. Juliflora and Sugar Cane Bagasse) on Nutritional Composition of P. ostreatus at Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia

An experiment of cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was conducted on three different substrates namely waste paper, leaves of Prosopis juliflora and sugarcane bagasse at Chiro, Oda Bultum University to determine the effect of substrate on nutritional composition of oyster mushroom. Thirteen different combinations of three substrates were used for cultivation of oyster mushroom. The substrate combination were substrate one (75%SCB+25%WP), substrate two (50%SCB + 50%WP), substrate three (25%SCB + 75%WP), substrate four (75%SCB + 25%LPJ), substrate five (50%SCB+50%LPJ), substrate six (25%SCB + 75%LPJ), substrate seven (75%WP + 25%LPJ), substrate eight (50%WP + 50%LPJ), substrate nine (25%WP + 75%LPJ), substrate ten (100% SCB), substrate eleven (100%LPJ), substrate twelve (100% WP) and substrate thirteen (33%SCB + 33%WP + 33%LPJ) replicated three times. The oyster mushroom was success fully grown and harvested except for substrate six, substrate nine and substrate eleven due to presence of high proportions of leaves of Prosopis juliflora in these substrates. The leaves of Prosopis juliflora were not easily decomposed. Hence, affect the germination and growth of oyster mushroom in comparison with the other ten different substrates. On these ten substrates oyster mushroom was success fully grown, harvested and analyzed for their nutritional composition. Based on their analysis substrate thirteen, substrate four, substrate ten, substrate seven, substrate twelve, substrate two, and substrate three were statistically significant for their crude protein and crude fiber content while substrate ten, substrate four, substrate two, substrate one and substrate three were highly significant for their carbohydrate content. Hence they were the best substrates for their nutritional composition of oyster mushroom under Chiro condition.