Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Temperature on Adsorption of Humic Acid from Peat Water onto Pyrophyllite

The sorption of humic acid from peat water onto pyrophyllite under the influence of temperature has been investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out using peat water as an adsorbate from Bukit Timah, Dumai City, Riau. It was observed that the amount of humic acid removed increase with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters data indicated that the humic acid removal was non-spontaneous and endothermic under the experimental conditions, with the enthalpy (∆H) and entropy (∆S) of +29,44 kJ mol and +74.96 J mol, respectively. Keywords—Adsorption, humic acid, peat water, pyrophyllite.
Research Article CODEN: IJPRNK ISSN: 2277-8713 V. Chandra Mohan, IJPRBS, 2015; Volume 4(4): 177-185 IJPRBS

Thyroid hormones are important at cellular level, affecting nearly every type of tissue in the body. Objectives: The present study was carried out to determine whether thyroid hormones affect lipid profile in patients with hyperthyroidism. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 20 hyperthyroid patients (10 men and 10 women) with mean age 48.5+13.1 years and 22 apparently healthy controls (11 men and 11 women) with mean age 49.5+11.4 years. Serum levels of thyroid stimulated hormone TSH, thyroxine (T4) and triidothyronine (T3) were measured by Qualigens ELISA Plate reader and washer, and total cholesterol (TC), high –density lipo-protein cholesterol (HDL-C), and Triglyceride (TG) were measured by Semi Auto analyzer RA 50, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were calculated. Results: Thyroid stimulated hormone TSH, lipids and lipoproteins (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C) levels of patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (p>0.05). And there were significant increases in serum thyroid hormones T4, T3 values (p>0.05). Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism is associated with decrease levels of lipoprotein, caused by increased hepatic uptake due to enhanced affinity for the LDL receptor, and regulatory protein of TG (ApoAV).
The Effect of NaOH Concentration and Length of Trans-esterification Time on Characteristic of FAME from Reutealis trisperma

Biodiesel (FAME) is biofuel as a result from conversion process of triglycerides (oil) into FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esther). Reutelis trisperma (Kemiri Sunan) is one of the plant that contains triglycerides, which is inedible oil due to its high poisonous component (alpha oleostearic acid), therefore this plant can be used as the nature source of biodiesel production. The research aimed to study the effect of NaOH concentration and length of trans-esterification time on the yield and FAME characteristic. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with two replicated. The result indicated that 0.75% NaOH in two hours trans-esterification produce the highest yield of FAME with density 0.8703 g/cm , kinematic viscosity 5.325 cSt, acid value 0.552 mg KOH/g and iodine value 46.6972 g I 2/g. Keywords— NaOH, trans-esterification, FAME, Kemiri Sunan
A comprehensive study on the effect of injection methylprednisolone in post mastectomy seroma

Background: Seroma formation is a common problem after mastectomy. The incidence varies between 30% to 92%. It is often an ongoing problem after removal of the suction drain, and repeated skin puncture is necessary to remove the seroma. In addition to many ambulatory visits this also leads to an increased risk of infection, and the adjuvant treatment can be delayed for several weeks. Different procedures have been tried to avoid seroma formation. Among these are for examples: immobilisation of the arm and shoulder after mastectomy, different drain regimens, closing of the dead space of the cavity, different chemical substances as thrombin, tranexamacid and fibrin. None of these results has been successful. Seroma formation is most likely the result of the inflammatory response due to wound healing. In the seroma fluid several factors have been detected that support this assumption. These factors are: high levels of IgG, leucocytes, granulocytes, proteinases, proteinases inhibitors, different kinds of cytokines (tPA, uPA,, uPAR, PAI-1, PAI-2, IL-6 og IL-1). On the basis of this, an inhibition of the inflammatory response might result in a decrease of seroma formation, and perhaps improve quality of life after mastectomy. Steroids inhibit the inflammatory response for example by inhibition of the cytokine function. It has been shown that a high single dose of steroid infusion (30 mg/kg solu-medrol) inhibits the normal IL 6 response after colon resection. Newer studies have shown that even at a lower dose the inflammatory response is inhibited. In several studies of head and neck surgery the oedema in surgical area is reduced after a single dose of 125 mg solumedrol. It is precisely this effect of reduced fluid formation we want to obtain in our study. We have therefore chosen to use a single dose of 125 mg of solumedrol in this study. Even at the largest single dose of glucocorticoids there have not been seen any increasing in surgical complications. S Vijayalakshmi. A comprehensive study on the effect of injection methylprednisolone in post mastectomy seroma. IAIM, 2018; 5(2): 43-47. Page 44 Aim: The aim of this study was to study the effect of injection methylprednisolone in post mastectomy seroma in patients coming to Govt. Villupuram Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study consisting of 20 patients diagnosed as carcinoma breast who underwent modified radical mastectomy in our institution. With all aseptic precautions, 125 mg methylprednisolone sodium succinate intravenously as a single bolus before the start of surgery in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy in case group. Results: Most common age group was 41-50 years of age. In 2 cases seroma aspiration was present. Conclusion: Since Seroma formation is the most common complication of Mastectomy and among the methods used to reduce its incidence, steroid administration seems to be the most cost effective and shows promising results. Its routine use in every case is recommended under good antibiotic cover and wound care.
Modelling Intrusion Detection System using Hidden Markov Model: A Review

— Information security has become a major concern to various businesses and organizations and requires an intelligent security system that can automatically detect the intrusions. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is used for this purpose. An Intrusion Detection System has become popular tool for observing patterns of activities in user accounts and detects malicious behaviour. Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a finite set of states, each of which is associated with a probability distribution. Transitions among these states are governed by a set of probabilities called state transition probabilities. In a particular state an outcome or observation can be generated, according to the associated probability distribution. It is only the outcome, not the state visible to an external observer and therefore states are “hidden” to the outside. HMM has been widely used in knowledge discovery, pattern classification, speech recognition, DNA sequence modelling but use of HMM in intrusion detection is still in its infancy. This paper presents an overview (not exhaustive) of HMM and its applications in intrusion detection.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF PARASITIC, BACTERIAL DISEASES AND OTHER CAUSES OF ORGAN CONDEMNATION OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN ABATTOIRS OF TIGRAY

Zoonotic huge economic loss. A cross sectional active abattoir survey was conducted from May 2014 to January, 2015 to estimate direct financial losses due to organ condemnatio abattoirs of Tigray, northern Ethiopia. A total of 479 cattle were examined through ante mortem and postmortem examinations. Postmortem examinations revealed that out of the total organs examined, 150 (31.3%) livers, 59 (12.3%) l due to different parasitic, bacterial diseases and other abnormalities. A significant difference was observed in the rejection rate of liver, lung and kidney between different body conditio slaughtered cattle. Similarly, there was statistically significant difference in the rejection rate of liver between breed of cattle. The annual financial loss due to organ condemnation was estimated to be 10,375,900.00 Ethiopian Birr (522,452. financial loss followed by lung and kidney condemnation, respectively. The revealed the economical impact of the parasitic, bacterial diseases and other abnormalities is high, which necessitates designing of appropriate strategies for their control.
A Study on Biliary Leakage after Cholecystectomy

Introduction: Biliary leakage is the most serious and dreaded complication after cholecystectomy. The early and accurate diagnosis of bile duct injury is very important for surgeons, because unrecognized bile duct injury leads to serious complications such as biliary peritonitis, hepatic failure and death and also plays a vital role in management of biliary leak after cholecystectomy. Study aimed to evaluate the various modalities of treatment and their outcome in biliary leakage following cholecystectomy. Material and methods: Prospective study. The data were obtained from the patients getting admitted with biliary leakage after cholecystectomy or developed biliary leakage after cholecystectomy at the Department of General surgery, Assam Medical College from July 2014 to June 2015 who were properly examined, investigated, treated and followed up for one month. Results: A total of 1190 Cholecystectomies were carried out in this study period in my institution, out of which 785 were open cholecystectomies and rest 405 were laparoscopic cholecystectomies. In this study, 20 bile leak cases were registered, out of which 6 were diagnosed as major bile duct injury and another 4 cases of bile leak were diagnosed as originated either from GB bed, duct of luschka or minor bile duct injury. In the rest 10 cases, bile leak was presumed to be either from GB bed, duct of luschka or minor bile duct injury as they resolve spontaneously after conservative management. In this study the incidence of major bile duct injury after cholecystectomy is 0.50 whereas the overall incidence of bile leak after cholecystectomy is 1.68. Conclusion: Biliary leakage after cholecystectomy caused by major bile duct injury is infrequent though not usual. In majority of cases bile leak occurs either from unsuspected accessory bile duct, duct of Luschka, GB bed or from minor bile duct injury, which needs only conservative management and careful observation. Only bile leak from major bile duct injury should be managed promptly and requires skilled surgical intervention.
The Role Effectiveness of Physical Activities on

Today, the poor movement that has been created as a result of tremendous improvements in technology and mechanization of life and different jobs affects lifestyle in human societies. These very serious changes have had profound effects on human relationships at different levels of family and relationships with friends [1]. If we look at human’s physical construction, we will realize that human need naturally different kinds of physical activities for his/her entire development and evolution and the lack of adequate mobility and the lack of proper physical activities will disrupt different body systems. This great development in terms of health and well-being is one of the most important problems of today’s human [2]. This is very important for students, especially for students who are studying in a Master’s degree. Students should have a physical and mental health due to their role in social, cultural, and economic structures and their preparation to participate in social activities [3]. Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers a multidimensional concept for the concept of health multi-dimension and knows it as a positive concept based on the interests of individual and social sources and physical abilities. The WHO expresses that health is the welfare state and mental, physical, and social well-being and it is not only the lack of disease or body defects [4]. According to the definition of this organization, Health have physical, social, mental, emotional, and spiritual components. All five components have the interaction with each other for a healthy and strong person, so that if we give up one of them, we will be out of balance and our health will suffer in all domains [5, 6]. Therefore, dimensions of this definition (mental, physical, and social wellbeing and not merely the lack of disease) have the interaction with each other and these dimensions cannot be distinguished with a clear boundary [7]. There are indicators for the physical health and social welfare in many countries that those are reviewed and revised Abstract
Performance Evaluation of Genetic Based Dynamic Clustering Algorithm over LEACH Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

— A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless computing devices network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, motion, intrusion or pollutants, at different locations. The purpose of designing these networks is gathering information from the environment and sending them to the sink node. One of the most important issues in these kinds of networks is energy efficiency. The longer the communication distance, the more energy will be consumed during transmission. So, clustering is a way to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a dynamic clustering algorithm using genetic algorithm. This algorithm takes different parameters into consideration to increase the network lifetime. The results of the conducted simulations show the high efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
A Quasi-Experimental Study to Assess Consequences of Early Versus Delay Umbilical Cord Clamping on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Beni-Suef city

Nowadays, the timing of umbilical cord is considering а growing area of research. The researchers looking for optimize maternal & neonate outcomes. The early umbilical camping is determined as the umbilical cord being clamped around one minute after birth, while late clamping usually reserved for more than one minute minutes, however studies reported that in most deliveries, clamping the cord is performed immediately after American Research Journal of Nursing ISSN: 2379-2922 Volume 3, Issue 1, 17 Pages
Assessment of In-vitro Wound Healing Activity of the Tinospora crispa Extracts

Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process which follows the normal physiology trajectory through the phases of homeostasis, inflammation, granulation and maturation. Malaysia has a rich collection of plant based healing. A large number of plants are used for the treatment of cuts and wounds by folklore traditions in Malaysia. Tinospora crispa Miers. (Menispermaceae) is popular in Asian countries for its miracle of curing diseases. T.crispa differs slightly from T.cordifolia which is well distributed in India. Considerable researches have reported the activity of this plant possessing anti-malarial, diabetes treatment etc. In Malaysia, it is used traditionally for wound healing. Hence, the present study was aimed to evaluate its scientific validity. Stems of the plant were air dried after reduced into smaller size. Dried stems were then crushed into coarse powder. Then it was introduced into methanolfor extraction by cold maceration technique. The extract was filteredafter 7 days andfractionatedwith addition of chloroform. The methanol and chloroform fractions were made to evaporate until concentrated and formulated into ointments.Albino rats were separated into four groups of six rats in each group.All four groups were divided and served as a control, methanol fraction, chloroform fraction and standard drug (Betadine) respectively. The methanol extract and chloroform extract were investigated for the evaluation of its healing efficiency on excision wound model in Albino rats. Woundclosure in percentage was used to evaluate the effect on wound healing.The methanol fraction and chloroform fraction showed a significant wound healing activity which was well comparable with the standard drug used. Methanol fraction ointment showed greater activity than chloroform fraction. This study indicated that the methanol fraction ointment possesses wound healing property which substantiates the folklore claim.
Prevalence and Predictors of Stunting among Children of Age between 24 to 59 Months in Butajira Town and Surrounding District, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Background: Stunting is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among under-five children. It is used to assess nutritional status of children by measuring their length/height and age. The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence and factors associated with stunting among children of ages between 24 to 59 months in Butajira town and surrounding district, Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among children of ages between 24 to 59 months in February 2013. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A total of 764 participants were included in our study with 95.3% response rate. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20.0 statistical software for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess factors associated with stunting. Odds ratio with 95% CI was used to identify statistically significant association between independent variables with stunting. Result: The prevalence of stunting in our study was 52.5%. Children whose age were between 24 to 35 months were 3.13 times; AOR=3.13 (95% CI=1.88, 5.18) more likely developed stunting than children whose age were between 48 to 59 months. Those children residing together with three under-five children were 4.52 times; AOR=4.52 (95% CI=2.41, 8.45) more likely developed growth stunting than single child in the household. The likely hood of stunting were 4.27 times higher among divorced/widowed compared to married mothers; AOR=4.27(95% CI=1.72, 10.57). Those children who fed breast for less than two years were 5.32 times more likely developed stunting compared to those who fed two or more years; AOR=5.32(95% CI=2.23, 12.71) and those who had repeated acute respiratory tract infection attack were about 2 times more likely developed stunting compared to their counterpart; AOR=2.07(95% CI=1.13, 3.56). Conclusion: Being younger child, living with other under five children, divorced/widowed marital status, repeated attack of respiratory infection and less than two years duration of breast feeding were significantly associated with growth stunting. Thus concerned body working on child health should consider these factors to alleviate the burden of stunting.
The Effect of Constructive Play Therapy on Anxiety Levels of Preschool Children Due to Hospitalization

During the hospitalization process, the child will show anxiety due to unfamiliar environmental factors, lack of freedom in activities, and lack of emotional support. Continual anxiety will cause a decrease in the immune system so that it accelerates the occurrence of disease complications during treatment and slows down the recovery process. The focus of nursing intervention that is done is to minimize anxiety by providing psychological support to children through the provision of constructive play therapy. The aim if this research is to determine the effect of constructive play therapy towards the anxiety level of preschool children due to hospitalization. The research design used in this study was Pre-experiment with a one-group pre-post test design. Data collection using preschool anxiety scale (PAS) questionnaire. The sample in this study were 30 respondents selected by using accidental sampling technique. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Test analysis, the mean value of pre-test 36.57 and post-test 28.23 and the value of p = 0.0001 <0.05. Meaning that there is an effect of constructive play therapy on the level of anxiety in preschool children with the treatment of constructive play therapy your child who easily communicate the right feeling of anxiety during in the hospitalization, so that the anxiety experienced can be decreased. Constructive play therapy can reduce response anxiety in preschool children who experience hospitalization. Therefore, it is recommended to the hospital and nurses to be able to apply constructive play therapy. as one of the interventions to minimize the impact of hospitalization.
Nutritional influences on development of the cardiovascular system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that adult cardiovascular disease may originate in fetal life. In humans, impaired fetal development is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, an adverse environmental influence during pregnancy may, if not severe, 'programme' fetal development to produce adaptations which preserve growth but have long-term effects on cardiovascular function. Experimental studies suggest that one such adverse environmental factor may be maternal nutrition, as restriction of maternal nutrient supply during pregnancy in rats produces hypertension in adult offspring. It is not known if these effects are initiated in fetal life. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which maternal undernutrition programmes fetal cardiovascular development are not fully understood. Experiments were performed to examine the effects of a modest level of maternal undernutrition in early gestation on fetal cardiovascular development in late gestation. Development of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and fetal and placental growth were also examined to investigate the underlying mechanisms which may mediate changes in cardiovascular function. In addition, the physiological consequences of effects on the fetus were studied by investigating cardiovascular and HPA axis function in postnatal life. These experiments were conducted using chronic fetal and neonatal sheep preparations. The results of these studies show that fetuses of undernourished mothers have low mean arterial pressure (MAP) and reduced HPA axis activity. However, fetal body weight and body proportions are not altered. Reduced fetal HPA axis activity may be mediated by a decrease in corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)-mediated stimulation of the pituitary gland. Postnatally, MAP is elevated and HPA axis activity is greater in offspring of nutritionally restricted mothers. Thus maternal undernutrition during pregnancy can programme fetal cardiovascular development without substantial effects on fetal growth or blood-gases. These alterations in cardiovascular development may be mediated by changes in activity of the HPA axis. Furthermore, development of postnatal hypertension may be initiated in utero, even though the mechanisms involved produce low blood pressure in fetal life.
Soil organic Carbondynamics in Conservation Agriculture

Conservation agriculture is not a single component technology but a system that includes the cumulative effect of all its three basic components viz. minimum soil disturbance, at least 30 per cent of the soil surface being covered with crop residues after seeding of the subsequent crop and crop intensification component. Tillage, residue management and crop rotation have a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nutrient distribution and transformation in soil. Increased stratification of SOC is generally observed, with enhanced conservation and availability of nutrients near the soil surface under conservation tillage as compared to conventional tillage. Hence understanding the impact of conservation agriculture on SOC dynamics is important for developing sustainable agriculture production systems.