Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tectonic evolution of the central Levant domain (Lebanon) since Mesozoic time

Abstract The tectonic history of the central part of the Levant domain (Lebanon) is re-evaluated. Examination of the tectonic structures and mechanical analysis of the meso-scale brittle deformation indicate that Lebanon has experienced four major tectonic events since Late Mesozoic time. The first was an Early Cretaceous extensional phase orientated north–south to NNE–SSW. It produced WSW–ENE to WNW–ESE normal faults with offsets up to several hundreds of meters and led to the development of an approximately WNW–ESE-trending basin. A second extension, with similar driving stresses, occurred during Eocene time and persisted, perhaps until Oligocene times. The Early Neogene period marked a dramatic change in the structural evolution of Lebanon after which strike–slip and reverse faulting and folding dominated. During Early Miocene times, an east–west compression produced moderate folding and faulting. A second, but much more severe, folding event occurred during Late Miocene time owing to a NNW–SSE compression. This new tectonic history allows the discussion of several aspects of the Eastern Mediterranean basin development and the later deformation of its continental margin and surroundings, in particular: (1) the driving mechanisms of the Levant basin opening; (2) the inversion of its adjacent margin; and (3) the age, origin, and evolution of the restraining bend of the Dead Sea Transform in Lebanon.
Marijuana-Provoked Hypoprolactinemia and Impaired Bone Mineral Density: Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction: The incidence of concurrent hypoprolactinemia and impaired bone mineral density (IBMD) induced by marijuana abuse has not been observed among the general population. To the very best of our knowledge, none of these two rare conditions have previously been documented among Nigerians, within the existing literature. Case Report: Herein, is a rare case of concurrent hypoprolactinemia and IBMD triggered by marijuana abuse, in a 21-year-old undergraduate Nigerian male, who is a regular/heavy marijuana smoker of thirteen months duration. He had presented in our medical facility with complaints of recurrent excruciating lower back pain of three weeks duration which intensified with walking and while undertaking weight-bearing activities. He attested to having and seeking medical attention for, excessive sweating, and insomnia symptoms before the onset of current presenting symptoms. Results of investigations showed positive urine test for marijuana, hypoprolactinemia, distortions of biomarkers of bone metabolism, and radiologic features consistent with IBMD, Having found no other discernible cause of the low back/hip pain and hyoprolactinemia, he was diagnosed clinically with hypoprolactinemia and IBMD secondary to marijuana abuse. This warranted hospital admission where he obtained standardized specialist medical care and was subsequently discharged in good clinical condition with an uneventful follow-up period. Conclusion: This case highlights the dangers of metabolic aberrations due to marijuana abuse and the need to always maintain a high index of suspicion when confronted with it to avoid unnecessary medical protocols.
Understanding the Influencing Mechanism of Users’ Purchase Intention and Mediating Effect of Trust in Streamer: A Socio-Technical Perspective

Purpose This study primarily aims to investigate the role of trust in the streamer in the formation path of purchase intention and the influencing factors of both trust in the streamer and purchase intention. Theoretical framework: Given that live streaming e-commerce possesses strong social attributes and requires technological means to facilitate remote social interactions, we have chosen to adopt the socio-technical theory as the theoretical foundation for this study. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs an empirical research approach and utilizes random sampling to distribute questionnaires to users of the Douyin platform. We select users who have an intention to purchase or have prior purchasing experience on the live streaming platform for our survey. Findings: According to the findings of the study, identification, two-way communication, and visibility have a significant impact on purchase intention. Trust in the streamer serves as a mediating factor in the relationship between these three variables and purchase intention. Synchronization cannot directly influence purchase intention and cannot impact purchase intention through trust in streamer either. Research, practical & social implications: For theoretical implications, prior research rarely delved into how trust in a streamer affects purchase intention. This study addresses this gap and helps researchers explore this field further. It explores the role of trust in streamer in shaping purchase intention, also offering practical strategies for retailers to enhance trust. Originality /value: This study innovates by breaking down trust into trust in the streamer to examine its impact on purchase intention formation. Future research can explore trust from different perspectives, offering new insights into trust in live streaming commerce.
2021). Cognitive and Composite Behavioural Welfare Assessments of Pet Cats between the Ages of 9–22 Months, Living in Single and Multi-Cat Households. Animals, 11(6), [1793].

Simple Summary: Although agonistic interactions between cats are often regarded clinically as a source of stress, there is currently limited research evidence regarding the welfare impact of keeping multiple cats as pets. The aim of this study was to compare welfare indicators between cats living in single and multi-cat households, as well as between cats living in multi-cat households where agonistic behaviour was/was not reported by owners. Indicators included a spatial judgment bias task (JBT) and the cat stress score (CSS). CSSs were higher in cats from single compared with multi-cat households. CSSs were lower for cats that showed a more ‘pessimistic’ response in the JBT, suggesting these cats appeared to be less stressed. JBT results did not vary depending on the presence of, or reports of agonistic behaviours between, cohabiting cats. These data suggest that mood states (as measured by the JBT) were not impacted by the social groupings investigated, and that cats from single-cat households showed more signs of stress (as measured by CSS) than those in multi-cat households. Alternative explanations cannot be discounted, particularly due to the narrow sample population and broad scope of husbandry conditions that were unaccounted for. Further research is warranted to explore the extent to which variables that could not be controlled may have confounded ﬁndings. Abstract: Although agonistic interactions between cats are often regarded clinically as a source of stress, there is currently limited research evidence regarding the welfare impact of keeping multiple cats as pets. The aim of this study was to compare welfare indicators between cats living in domestic single and multi-cat households, as well as between multi-cat households where agonistic behaviour was/was not reported by owners. Indicators included a spatial judgment bias task (JBT), where longer latencies to ambiguous probes are interpreted as being related to a more ‘pessimistic’ mood state, and the cat stress score (CSS), where high scores are indicative of high stress levels. Of 128 focal cats between the ages of 9–22 months, 94 were from multi-cat households, 126 had useable CSS
Third World urbanization and the creation of a relative surplus population: a history of Accra Ghana to 1980.

The World Bank has established Third World urbanization and urban poverty as primary foci for Development studies in the 1990s. Yet little renewed attention has been paid to the theorization of the issue in the context of overall Third World development/underdevelopment. This article uses the case of Accra Ghana to demonstrate the contribution a synthetic World Systems/Dependency approach can have in understanding the historical genesis of urban poverty and the spatial exclusion of the poor in areas such as Nima. In particular Marxs notion of the processes involved in the creation of a relative surplus population provides some conceptual insight. (EXCERPT)
Interannual variability in the Yucatan Channel flow

Mooring measurements in the Yucatan Channel, from May 2010 to May 2011 and from July 2012 to June 2013 yield a mean transport of 27 and 25 Sv, respectively, with a subinertial standard deviation of 3.5 Sv. These mean transport values are higher than the 23 Sv reported from 21 months of similar measurements (1999–2001). Analysis of low‐frequency variations of a transport proxy based on 20 years of altimetry data indicates that during 1999–2001, the flow through Yucatan Channel was anomalously low. This suggests that a sizable compensation through other channels off the Gulf of Mexico is required to match the transport cable measurements of the Florida Current at 27°N.
Marine geophysical applications of seasat altimetry and the lithospheric structure of the South Atlantic Ocean

Seasat altimetry data, because of their uniform and worldwide coverage, have been used in conjunction with other less comprehensive data sets to investigate three distinct problems in marine geophysics. In the first study, we examined the two-dimensional gravity field over the Musicians seamount province in the Pacific Ocean with the objective of estimating the form of crustal compensation, either local or regional, of the seamounts. The algorithms that produce maps from along-track altimetry data were tested, and frequency domain filters were developed that yield the gravity field from the geoid and predict the gravity from the bathymetry. Estimates of the form of compensation were made by comparing maps of the Seasat-derived gravity to gravity predicted for compensated bathymetry. The seamounts appear to be regionally compensated by flexure of the lithosphere with an effective elastic thickness of -5 km, though local variations suggesting a weaker elastic plate are also seen. The seamounts appear to have formed on young lithosphere near a mid-ocean ridge, probably over an extended period of time. In the second study, altimetry profiles across two fracture zones in the South Atlantic were examined. By estimating the height of step-like variations in the geoid over the fracture zones, we hoped to constrain the lithospheric thermal plate thickness in the South Atlantic. The geoid profiles are very noisy, making geoid steps hard to obtain, but the variations in step height with age of the lithosphere suggest that standard thermal plate models do not control the geoid variations in this ocean. Rather, small-scale convection or tectonic surface deformation can better explain the geoid observations. This study underscores the need for better bathymetric information in the South Atlantic, especially in the younger, central portions of the ocean where fracture zones can best be observed. The third study focused on the intermediate-wavelength depth and geoid of the South Atlantic Ocean. By removing as many lithospheric sources of depth and geoid variation as possible (such as sediment loading and lithospheric cooling), the residual depth and geoid anomalies should be diagnostic of convection within the mantle. The geographic correlation of depth and geoid anomalies appears good. Large geoid lows are associated with basins, while more modest geoid highs appear over aseismic ridges and other positive depth anomalies. Quantitative estimates of this correlation strongly favor compensation depths in or below the lower lithosphere, consistent with mantle convection on intermediate length scales. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Barry Parsons Title: Assistant Professor of Marine Geophysics Chapter
Central Asia in Cretaceous time

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The acknowledgment of gratitude always forms a pleasant paragraph. To the American Museum of Natural History, to Dr. Roy Chapman Andrews, and to the generous sponsors of the Central Asiatic Expeditions, I am indebted for the opportunity to explore the field in Central Asia. To Professor Charles P. Berkey thanks enough are due to fill this entire paper; and the pronoun “we”, which irked one of the censors in the first draft, was used because I feel that every chapter on the geology of Central Asia is in some part Professor Berkey’s work. Almost as inseparable from co-authorship in any paper on the stratigraphy of eastern Asia is Professor A. W. Grabau, whose masterly studies form the basis of comparison for all recent investigations. Special gratitude is due my good friend, Dr. Walter Granger, for helpful and constructive criticism; to the late Dr. Henry Fairfield Osborn and Dr. William .
Effects of NaCl-stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice

The experiments have four different concentrations of salt stress,the guide line of morphologic in the germination period and seed period were studied with four rice of Ⅱyou 7,Mianjing 147,Hexi 22-2 and Hexi 22.The results indicated that varieties of rice were significant of difference sensitive to salt stress.Germen was more restrained than root with 150mmol/L NaCl concentration.The growth of seeding was restrained with different concentrations of salt stress,and aboveground was less tolerance than underground portion.
“Obstetric Violence,” “Mistreatment,” and “Disrespect and Abuse”: Reflections on the Politics of Naming Violations During Facility-Based Childbirth

Abstract Naming performs an important function in society. Names shape our reality by creating the means to bring into existence previously unseen events or unacknowledged experiences, and naming impacts how society responds to these. This article interrogates the problem of naming the phenomenon of violence and abuse during childbirth with a focus on three principal concepts: “mistreatment,” “disrespect and abuse,” and “obstetric violence. ” Further, drawing from broader feminist literature, it exposes the hidden power struggles that inform the naming process in this context, and it challenges the notion that “mistreatment” and “disrespect and abuse” are suitable dominant discourses. In essence, it argues that should a dominant discourse emerge, it should not be one formulated by the healthcare sector (as is the case with “mistreatment”) given their leading role in abuse and violence during childbirth. Finally, the article highlights that we are in the early stages of understanding this phenomenon and, as such, our communicative framework should be broad enough to include multiple communicative tools including “obstetric violence. ”
Association between Maternal and Toddler Appetitive Traits in a Mexican Population

The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for toddlers (CEBQ-T-Mex) and the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ-Esp) measure appetitive traits (ATs) in children and adults, respectively, both validated for use in Spanish. ATs are inherited variations in appetite, present from birth, that are reasonably stable throughout childhood and can explain why some infants over- or undereat in response to environmental exposures. “Food approach” traits predispose to overweight while “food avoidance” traits provide protection, but little is known about the relationships between parents’ and their toddler’s ATs. The aim was to examine the associations between maternal and toddler appetitive traits, using the AEBQ-Esp and CEBQ-T-Mex, and to examine the associations between ATs and Body Mass Index z-scores (BMIz). Sociodemographic data and the weights and heights of mothers and toddlers (aged 12–36 months) were collected from a teaching hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico. Mothers completed both the AEBQ-Esp and the CEBQ-T-Mex. Direct correlations were found between the ATs of toddlers and their mother (p < 0.005), except for “Slowness in Eating” (SE), and only an inverse correlation was found between the “Satiety Responsiveness” (SR) of toddlers and their BMIz (r = −0.147; p = 0.007). These results suggest that ATs could potentially run in families. These may be useful targets for family-wide interventions to support the development and maintenance of healthy eating behaviours in childhood.
Identiﬁcation of Candidate Genes Underlying an Iron Efﬁciency Quantitative Trait Locus in Soybean 1

Prevalent on calcareous soils in the United States and abroad, iron deﬁciency is among the most common and severe nutritional stresses in plants. In soybean ( Glycine max ) commercial plantings, the identiﬁcation and use of iron-efﬁcient genotypes has proven to be the best form of managing this soil-related plant stress. Previous studies conducted in soybean identiﬁed a signiﬁcant iron efﬁciency quantitative trait locus (QTL) explaining more than 70% of the phenotypic variation for the trait. In this research, we identiﬁed candidate genes underlying this QTL through molecular breeding, mapping
Eco-innovation Types Adoption in Mexican Small and Medium Firms

The debate on eco-innovation is a relatively recent and emerging topic in the literature, and although it is gaining interest among cientific, academic, and enterprise community, and the analysis and discussion in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises is in an embryonic stage, especially in emerging economy countries, such as Mexico. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the most important eco-innovation types that affect eco-innovation adoption in manufacturing SMEs. The results obtained follow that product eco-innovation, process eco-innovation and management eco-innovation are good eco-innovation types adoption of small and medium-sized companies in the automotive industry.
The vicious cycle of family dysfunction and problematic gaming and the mediating role of self-concept clarity among early adolescents: A within-person analysis using random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling

Abstract Backgrounds and aims Family dysfunction is a significant risk factor for adolescent problematic gaming, yet few studies have investigated the bidirectional relations between changes in family dysfunction and adolescent problematic gaming and potential mediating mechanisms. This study thus examined the bidirectional relations between family dysfunction and adolescent problematic gaming and the mediating role of self-concept clarity within this relation. Methods Participants included 4,731 Chinese early adolescents (44.9% girls; M age = 10.91 years, SD = 0.72) who were surveyed at four time points 6 months apart. Results Random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling found (a) family dysfunction directly predicts increased problematic gaming, (b) adolescent problematic gaming directly predicts increased experience of family dysfunction, (c) family dysfunction indirectly predicts problematic gaming via self-concept clarity, and (d) adolescent problematic gaming indirectly predicts family dysfunction via self-concept clarity. Discussion and conclusions The present study suggests that adolescents may be trapped in a vicious cycle between family dysfunction and problematic gaming either directly or indirectly through impairing their self-concept clarity. Findings indicate fostering youth self-concept clarity is essential to break the vicious circle between dysfunctional experiences in the family and problematic gaming among adolescents.
Probabilistic projections of climatological forest fire danger in Finland

A multiple regression model was applied to estimate the future number of forest fire danger days (FDDs) in boreal climate conditions in Finland. The model used anomalies of June− August mean temperature and precipitation as predictors. Joint probability distribution functions (PDFs) created during the ENSEMBLES project for the SRES A1B scenario were employed to describe the future climate. The PDFs showed that the summertime mean temperature will, on average, rise in our study area by 1.5°C by 2010−2029 and by 4°C by 2080−2099. For precipitation, the PDFs showed a wide spread. Apart from western Finland, a majority of sample points suggested an increase in precipitation by the end of the century. Despite the general precipitation increase, average FDDs are likely to increase in the whole study area. Depending on the study region, the probability of FDD increase was 56 to 75% for 2010−2029 and 71 to 91% for 2080−2099. The largest probabilities of an increase were found in northern Finland and the smallest in eastern Finland. On average, FDDs were projected to increase by 1 d during the near future and by 7 to 10 d by the end of this century. The relative increase in FDDs was largest in northern Finland, by 12% in 2010−2029 and 55% in 2080−2099. The large uncertainty in future summertime precipitation is reflected in the estimation of future FDDs. Better estimates of spatial and temporal distribution of future precipitation would make the FDD assessment more robust.
Effects of exogenous zinc on the physiological characteristics and enzyme activities of Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings

Passionflower (Passiflora edulis Sims) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas for edible, medicinal and skin care product processing, and the market demand is large. Zinc (Zn) is a necessary trace element for plant growth and development. In many countries, the content of Zn in soil is low and/or bioavailability is low. The exogenous application of Zn has become a common agronomic measure in agriculture. However, the effect of Zn on the physiological characteristics and enzyme activity of passionflower seedlings is not clear. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to analyse the effects of different concentrations of Zn (0, 200, 400, 800 mg kg−1) on the plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, osmotic regulators, membrane system and antioxidant enzyme system of purple passionflower (Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis) seedlings, and Pearson correlation and principal component analyses were performed. The results showed that (1) the 200 mg kg−1 Zn treatment increased the contents of chlorophyll a (37.65%), chlorophyll b (41.22%), chlorophyll a+b (38.59%) and carotenoids (29.74%). The value of chlorophyll a/b changed little and had no effect on leaf growth. (2) The contents of proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in P. edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings treated with 400 mg kg−1 Zn increased significantly by 116.84% and 42.69%, respectively. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increased by 16.82% and 18.70%, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), leaf area (LA), leaf perimeter (LP) and leaf width (LW) decreased significantly by 47.20%, 19.75%, 8.32% and 11.97%, respectively. (3) 800 mg kg−1 Zn significantly increased the contents of Pro (202.56%) and MDA (26.7%) and the activities of CAT (16.00%) and POD (67.00%), while the soluble sugar (SS), SOD, LA, LP and LW decreased significantly by 36.67%, 32.86%, 23.36%, 8.32% and 11.18%, respectively. (4) There was a significant positive correlation between Pro and photosynthetic pigments and between SOD and leaf growth and a significant negative correlation between POD and SS and between SOD and MDA. (5) A low concentration (200 mg kg−1) of Zn promoted the growth of P. edulis Sims f. edulis seedlings and allowed stress caused by high Zn concentrations to be tolerated. The results of this study can provide a reference for the application of Zn fertilizer to P. edulis Sims f. edulis.