Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the Protective Effect of CD8+ T Cells in Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and the Potential Link with Lymph Node CD8+ T Cells

Simple Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has led to millions of deaths globally. The rollout of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has effectively reduced the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, with messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines being widely administrated. While neutralizing antibodies are crucial, CD8+ T cells induced by the vaccine may also play a significant role in early and long-term protection. This review explores the antiviral function of CD8+ T cells and their response to mRNA vaccines, as well as their role in immune protection in the lymph nodes. Abstract SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a crucial role in effectively reducing COVID-19 disease severity, with a new generation of vaccines that use messenger RNA (mRNA) technology being administered globally. Neutralizing antibodies have featured as the heroes of vaccine-induced immunity. However, vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells may have a significant impact on the early protective effects of the mRNA vaccine, which are evident 12 days after initial vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells have been shown to respond to multiple epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and exhibit polyfunctionality in the periphery at the early stage, even when neutralizing antibodies are scarce. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce diverse subsets of memory CD8+ T cells that persist for more than six months following vaccination. However, the protective role of CD8+ T cells in response to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines remains a topic of debate. In addition, our understanding of CD8+ T cells in response to vaccination in the lymph nodes, where they first encounter antigen, is still limited. This review delves into the current knowledge regarding the protective role of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in controlling the virus, the response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, and the contribution to supporting B cell activity and promoting immune protection in the lymph nodes.
Factors Affecting Players to Buy Virtual Items in Online Games

The fast growth of technology and the internet have ushered in a new era for humanity. One of the advantages of the internet is its entertainment value. Online games are a well-known form of online content. In typical PC or console games, only one or two people play the game on a personal computer. In online games, several players from all over the world to play on game servers over the internet. Playing online games gives gamers a sensation of enjoyment, flow, and satisfaction with the game. These variables will influence the purchase intention of players. This study aimed to explore the influence of flow experience, satisfaction, and enjoyment on purchase intention through the mediation of continuous usage intention. This study is quantitative in nature. The sample for this study consisted of 485 digital gaming participants. The purposive sampling was implemented by distributing online questionnaires that were subsequently analysed with Smart PLS. The findings of this study indicate that the sense of flow, satisfaction, and enjoyment can influence the continuous usage intention. Consequently, flow experience, continuous usage intention, and satisfaction can influence purchase intention. Additionally, enjoyment does not affect purchase intention. Then, flow experience can influence purchase intention directly or through continuous usage intention.
Stochastic Modeling of a Measles Outbreak in Brazil

Development of mathematical models and its numerical implementations are essential tools in epidemiological modeling. Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) compartmental model, proposed by Kermack and McKendrick, in 1927, is a widely used deterministic model which serves as a basis for more involved mathematical models. In this work, we consider two stochastic versions of the SIR model for analysing a measles outbreak in Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, in 1976; Continuous Time Markov Chain and Stochastic Differential Equations. The SIR Continuous Time Markov Chain model is used to extract specific information from the measles outbreak, obtaining results in excellent agreement with the reported epidemic values. Numerical simulations are performed in Python.
On the Moments of the Sample Quantiles

Introduction In this paper the conditions for the existence of the moments of the sample quantile as well as the asymptotic convergence of these moments to· those of the asymptotic distribution of the sample quantile have been studied. It is well known that the distribution of the quantile tends to the normal law, under certain conditions, as the sample size increases. That result, ·however, does not imply the convergence of the moments to those of the normal law under the same conditions. There arises the problem of specifying the further conditions sufficient for this convergence of the moments. Chu and Hotelling (1955) investigated the case of the sample median and have shown that the k-th central moment of the sample m-edian converges to its asymptotic value provided that the parent population admits of the existence of the k-th order moment and certain other conditions pertaining to the density function are true. We will show here that the existence of the moments of the sample quantiles follows under much less restrictive assumptionson the parent density function and the existence of the 6-th order moment for some o>O is sufficient, at least, for the asymptotic convergence of the moments. Further, we will extend the theorem of Chu and Hotelling to the class of almost all quantiles and arrive at parallel results under certain relaxations of the conditions imposed by them.
Theoretical investigation on the structural and vibrational properties of some alkali liquid metals: A pseudopotential approach

Along with a few elastic constants, a recently created pseudopotential is employed to examine the vibrational properties of some simple alkali metals, i.e. Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs. The phonon dispersion curves (PDC) are computed in the text. (ωL and ωT), longitudinal sound velocity (vl), transverse sound velocity (vt), isothermal bulk modulus (B), modulus of rigidity (G), Young’s modulus (Y ), Debye temperature (θD) of some liquid alkali metals. The second order technique used in the current work, using Hubbard and Beeby (HB) equations, is based on pseudopotential theory. The various Percus-Yevick hard sphere (PYHS) and one-component plasma (OCP) structure factors used in the current investigation are used to construct the pair correlation function g(r). The current paper makes use of three distinct forms of local field correction functions developed by Hartree (H), Taylor (T), and Nagy (N). The current findings are found to qualitatively agree with the experimental and theoretical data that is currently available.
Mobile Application for Advertising Educational Services and Research the Efficiency of Its Use

: The article shows the use of augmented reality technology and the creation of a mobile application for advertising educational services of the Faculty of Information and Computer Technologies of Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Ukraine. Today, augmented reality technologies are one of the most relevant for application in the field of advertising. However, little research has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of its use. The purpose of the study is to create and determine the effectiveness of using a mobile application for advertising educational services. The object of the study is the technology of creating mobile applications using augmented reality technology and analyzing the feasibility of its use in advertising. The application was created using the Vuforia Software Development Kit in Unity and compiled for various platforms. It can be used on iOS and Android mobile devices, creating a wide range of uses. To determine the effectiveness of the proposed mobile application, statistical and visual analysis methods were used, namely descriptive statistics and exploratory analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, the effectiveness of using a mobile application in career guidance has been proven. It is proved that the interest of applicants who have used the created application in the proposed specialties has increased. The proposed mobile application can be used to get acquainted with the list of specialties in an educational institution, increase the information content of advertising flyers and increase the interest of applicants. In the future, it is planned to expand this mobile application for use in all faculties of the university.
Materials-by-design: computation, synthesis, and characterization from atoms to structures

In the 50 years that succeeded Richard Feynman’s exposition of the idea that there is ‘plenty of room at the bottom’ for manipulating individual atoms for the synthesis and manufacturing processing of materials, the materials-by-design paradigm is being developed gradually through synergistic integration of experimental material synthesis and characterization with predictive computational modeling and optimization. This paper reviews how this paradigm creates the possibility to develop materials according to specific, rational designs from the molecular to the macroscopic scale. We discuss promising techniques in experimental small-scale material synthesis and large-scale fabrication methods to manipulate atomistic or macroscale structures, which can be designed by computational modeling. These include recombinant protein technology to produce peptides and proteins with tailored sequences encoded by recombinant DNA, self-assembly processes induced by conformational transition of proteins, additive manufacturing for designing complex structures, and qualitative and quantitative characterization of materials at different length scales. We describe important material characterization techniques using numerous methods of spectroscopy and microscopy. We detail numerous multi-scale computational modeling techniques that complements these experimental techniques: DFT at the atomistic scale; fully atomistic and coarse-grain molecular dynamics at the molecular to mesoscale; continuum modeling at the macroscale. Additionally, we present case studies that utilize experimental and computational approaches in an integrated manner to broaden our understanding of the properties of two-dimensional materials and materials based on silk and silk-elastin-like proteins.
The Relationships between Compulsive Internet Use, Alexithymia, and Dissociation: Gender Differences among Italian Adolescents

Internet Gaming Disorder, Internet Addiction, Problematic Internet Use and Compulsive Internet Use cause distress and significant impairment in important areas of a person’s functioning, in particular among young people. The literature has indicated that males show higher levels of problematic internet use than females. People can use the internet to avoid or alleviate negative affects; in fact, problematic internet use is associated with alexithymia and dissociation. Few studies have focused on the different stages of adolescence, gender differences, and the relationships between the aforementioned variables. This research aims to fill this gap. Five hundred and ninety-four adolescents aged between 13 and 19 filled in the Compulsive Internet Use Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Adolescents Dissociative Experiences Scale, and other ad hoc measures. Surprisingly, females reported higher compulsive internet use compared with males. Moreover, they referred more difficulties/symptoms and greater levels of alexithymia than males. No differences across the stages of adolescence were found. Different strengths in the relationships between variables were found according to gender. Moderated mediation analyses indicated that dissociation is an important mediator in the relation between alexithymia and Compulsive Internet Use only among females. This study shed new light on gender differences around problematic internet use and some related risk factors, in order to identify and develop prevention and treatment programs to face this topical and relevant issue.
Supernumerary lacrimal puncta: case series and review of the literature

We report a case series of supernumerary puncta-canaliculi, a very rare congenital anomaly, and describe different clinical presentations and new treatment options. This is a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with supernumerary lacrimal puncta during the time between June 2015 and December 2021 at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt. Four patients (two females and two males) with a mean presenting age of 54 ± 14 years had unilateral double puncta. Of those four patients, three had double puncta on the right lower eyelid whereas one had double puncta on the left upper and lower eyelid. In one of the three patients, the double puncta anomaly was an incidental finding, and the patient was asymptomatic. The other three patients had associated epiphora. All four patients were found to have patent double puncta with no mechanical obstruction. No surgical interventions were necessary for all four patients as one resolved after discontinuing the topical eye drops. Another patient resolved after the diagnostic probing of the puncta, and the third asymptomatic patient required no interventions. Epiphora in the fourth patient resolved with botulinum toxin injection in the lacrimal gland. Accessory lacrimal puncta can present in patients as an incidental asymptomatic finding or patients may present with epiphora. Patients who present with unilateral epiphora, dry eye, or canaliculitis should be carefully evaluated with a detailed slit-lamp examination using lid eversion to appreciate potentially easily missed supernumerary lacrimal puncta.
Water footprint in wheat production under conservation tillage

ABSTRACT Water footprint (WF), water productivity of wheat (WWP) and interrelationships among water footprint components under conservation (CST) and conventional (CT) tillage were evaluated for two cropping years in this study. Results revealed that WF in CST was lower than that in CT one. While, WWP in CST was higher than that acquired from CT. The total, green, blue and gray WF in conservation (vs. conventional) tillage averaged 1319 (vs. 1629), 108 (vs. 152), 621 (vs. 737) and 590 (vs. 740) m3 t−1. The gray WF had the highest total and direct effects on total WF. Also, higher grain yield (3857 kg ha−1), straw yield (5065 kg ha−1) and WWP (1.01 kg m−3) acquired from CST. The findings revealed that CST is the appropriate tillage practice to reduce total WF (19%) compared to CT, to enhance crop yield and productivity in wheat production.
Determinants of HIV/Aids Knowledge Among Females in Somalia: Findings from 2018 to 2019 SDHS Data

Background Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has become a serious global public health concern, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Even though the fact that just a few case studies have addressed on the HIV/AIDS in the context of Somalia, to the best of our knowledge, no national-scale study on the topic has been attempted. Limited knowledge of HIV/AIDS is highlighted as one of the major factors linked to the high prevalence of HIV among female population. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap in the literature by investigating the effects of several sociodemographic factors on females’ knowledge about HIV/AIDS in Somalia. Methods Secondary data from the Somalia Demographic Health Survey 2018–19 were used in this study. A total of 16,335 women between the ages of 15 and 49 who fit our inclusion criteria have been chosen. The application of multiple logistic regressions was then performed to see if the predictors had a significant association with knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Findings Women aged 35–39 (AOR = 1.608; 95% CI: 1.372–1.886), women lived in urban (AOR: 2.833, 95% CI: 2.246–3.572), Women’s education (AOR: 2.246, 95% CI: 1.988–2.537), frequency of listening to a radio (AOR = 2.312; 95% CI: 1.995–2.679), and frequency of watching television (AOR = 3.936; 95% CI: 3.445–4.497) were significantly related with current knowledge about HIV/AIDS among eligible women in Somalia. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of mass media (TV and radio) interventions, education, and place of habitation as the main significant predictors of women’s knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Somalia. Based on the study, women are more likely to be aware of HIV/AIDS as their education level, frequency of listening a radio and watching a television watching rises. The research additionally indicates that women who reside in urban centers are nearly three times more likely than women who live in nomadic areas to know more about HIV/AIDS.
Adherence to the DASH Diet and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on hypertension risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed. Two independent investigators performed the study selection, data abstraction, and assessment of the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed separately with the adjusted hazard (HR) or incident rate ratios (IRR) and the odds ratios (OR) of the highest compared to the lowest DASH diet adherence scores using a random effects model. A total of 12 studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. When cohort studies reporting HR were pooled together, high adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a lower risk of hypertension (HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.90, I2 = 69%, PI 0.61–1.08) compared to the low adherence. When cross-sectional studies reporting OR were combined, high adherence to the DASH diet was also related to a lower risk of hypertension (OR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.91, I2 = 81%, PI 0.46–1.39). The findings suggest that high adherence to the DASH diet has a positive effect on reducing hypertension risk compared to low adherence. These data strengthen and are in line with all hypertension guidelines, indicating that lifestyle changes should start early even in populations with normal blood pressure.
Are Entrepreneurs More Upwardly Mobile?

Entrepreneurship is often hailed as a path to upward intergenerational mobility, but few studies have explicitly tested this belief. We study intergenerational income rank mobility among entrepreneurs and employees in Sweden using high-quality measures of lifetime income for 215,000 father-son pairs. Incorporated entrepreneurs are more upwardly mobile than wage earners; this result is driven by selection and not by the causal impact of entrepreneurship on upward intergenerational mobility. By contrast, unincorporated entrepreneurs are more downwardly mobile, a result explained by selection, income underreporting, and lower returns to skills and education. JEL Classification: L26, J24, J62.
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and FAS rs6586161 Polymorphism in Relation to Gastric Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Korea

Many dietary and genetic factors have been confirmed to be associated with gastric cancer risk. This research investigated gastric cancer risk with regard to the glycemic index, glycemic load, and FAS rs6586161 polymorphism. A total of 232 matched pairs were included in this case-control study. Data collection was conducted at two hospitals in Korea from 2002 to 2006. Dietary information was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire, and genotypes of FAS rs6586161 polymorphism were TT, TA, and AA type. Gastric cancer risk was increased for the highest tertile of glycemic index (vs. lowest tertile, OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.07–3.18), the highest tertile of glycemic load (vs. lowest tertile, OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.23–3.75), and the AA type of FAS rs6586161 polymorphism (vs. TT types, OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.13–3.39). Furthermore, gastric cancer risk was significantly elevated for the participants with the highest glycemic load and AA type of FAS rs6586161 polymorphism (vs. the lowest glycemic load and TT type, OR = 5.53, 95% CI = 2.01–15.21). Both the high glycemic load and AA type of FAS rs6586161 polymorphism increased gastric cancer risk; however, the interactions between these two elevated the risk of gastric cancer even more.
The Effect of Board Gender Diversity and Firm Size on Cash Holding of Manufacturing Companies: Evidence from Indonesia

The company's cash holding is closely related to the company's efforts to minimize external funding costs. Companies that have large amounts of cash have the hope that each financing can first be financed with the company's internal funding sources, if not, then use external funding sources. The level of cash holding of a company can be influenced by various factors, including board gender diversity and firm size. This study aims to prove empirically how gender diversity in the board of directors can increase cash holding and also how company size can increase the value of cash holding. This research was assisted by the EViews 10 software program. The test results prove that gender diversity in the board of directors does not have a positive effect on cash holding, but the size of the company has a positive effect on cash holding.
Modeling of ultrasonic guided wave field generated by piezoelectric transducers

The thesis investigates some aspects of the fundamental science necessary for the development of piezoelectric sensors for use in integral structural inspection systems based on ultrasonic Lamb waves. It is particularly concerned with the analysis of the electromechanical interaction, the process of generation of Lamb wave modes and the design of permanently attached transducers such as PVDF-based interdigital transducers (IDT) or ceramic-based piezoelectric strips. Interdigital transducers developed for use in smart structures are now at the stage where practical applications on plate and pipe structures are being considered. For such a transducer to be used, it is necessary to understand exactly the electromechanical interaction and the internal scattering phenomena governing their performance. An analytical investigation into the interactions that occur between mechanical fields and electric quantities is presented. This model is developed for a simple transducer design, a single-strip transducer under plane strain conditions. A computer model for predicting the acoustic field generated by a given voltage applied to the transducer and vice-versa is presented. This model is developed on the basis of normal mode theory and perturbation methods, providing flexibility and physical insight. Intermediate calculations as well as final results are validated using the finite element model developed in parallel with this work. Since the analytical model is based on assumptions mainly related to the perturbation methods, these are discussed and limits of the model as well as its eventual extensions are drawn. The thesis is also concerned with a numerical analysis based on the finite element method. A finite element formulation that includes the piezoelectric or electroelastic effect alongside the dynamic matrix equation of electroelasticity and its reduction to the well-known equation of structural dynamics, based on a strong analogy between electric and elastic variables, is presented. It is shown how these equations were incorporated in an already existing finite element code. In parallel with validation, results are produced to identify several important features that are not taken into account in the analytic model. Results are presented for IDTs and checked against experimental data when measuring displacement field amplitudes using a laser probe.