Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Particle cycling rates at Station P as estimated from the inversion of POC concentration data

Particle cycling rates in marine systems are difficult to measure directly, but of great interest in understanding how carbon and other elements are distributed throughout the ocean. Here, rates of particle production, aggregation, disaggregation, sinking, remineralization, and transport mediated by zooplankton diel vertical migration were estimated from size-fractionated measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration collected during the NASA EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) cruise at Station P in summer 2018. POC data were combined with a particle cycling model using an inverse method. Our estimates of the total POC settling flux throughout the water column are consistent with those derived from thorium-234 disequilibrium and sediment traps. A budget for POC in two size fractions, small (1–51 µm) and large (> 51 µm), was produced for both the euphotic zone (0–100 m) and the upper mesopelagic zone (100–500 m). We estimated that POC export at the base of the euphotic zone was 2.2 ± 0.8 mmol m−2 d−1, and that both small and large particles contributed considerably to the total export flux along the water column. The model results indicated that throughout the upper 500 m, remineralization leads to a larger loss of small POC than does aggregation, whereas disaggregation results in a larger loss of large POC than does remineralization. Of the processes explicitly represented in the model, zooplankton diel vertical migration is a larger source of large POC to the upper mesopelagic zone than the convergence of large POC due to particle sinking. Positive model residuals reveal an even larger unidentified source of large POC in the upper mesopelagic zone. Overall, our posterior estimates of particle cycling rate constants do not deviate much from values reported in the literature, i.e., size-fractionated POC concentration data collected at Station P are largely consistent with prior estimates given their uncertainties. Our budget estimates should provide a useful framework for the interpretation of process-specific observations obtained by various research groups in EXPORTS. Applying our inverse method to other systems could provide insight into how different biogeochemical processes affect the cycling of POC in the upper water column.
Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of dual-phase DP980 steel and its prevention with the help of coatings

ABSTRACT AHSS DP980 is widely used in automobiles and is susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE), which negatively impacts the mechanical properties of the material. The aim of this work was to prevent the DP980 steel against the HE with the help of various surface coatings. Hydrogen charging of bare and various coated samples was accomplished by electrochemical reactions at a current density of 40 mA/cm2 for 24 hours. After charging, SSRT testing was performed at a strain rate of 10−5/s. Coating characterisation was completed by Coating Porosity Test, EDX and Microhardness test. Test results stated that the Ni-Cr and Gr ACS coating effectively reduces the hydrogen diffusion inside the material with improved mechanical properties, and the HE ratio decreases from 43.3% for the bare sample to 9.6% and 7.3% for those coated samples, respectively. The microhardness test also gave a high microhardness value for these coatings. Fracture surface examination shows that the bare hydrogen charged specimen failed in a mixed-mode manner, whereas all regions of Ni-Cr and Gr ACS-coated specimen fracture surface comprise dimple rupture.
KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE OF GENDER-BASED DISCRIMINATION AMONG MEDICAL DOCTORS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS IN NIGERIA

Purpose: Discrimination in healthcare setting is worldwide, and it takes many forms which can violate the most fundamental human rights protected in international treaties, and in national laws and constitutions. Experts have argued for more research and sex-disaggregated data in order to strengthen the understanding of gender as it affects health workers, especially in developing countries. The general aim of this research is directed at determining the level of knowledge and experiences of gender-based discrimination and describe their correlates among doctors and medical students in Nigeria. This research is undertaken to x-ray the challenges faced by medical students, and doctors within the health system by virtue of their gender in order to drive focused discussions, and actions towards a lasting solution. Methodology: A Cross- sectional descriptive study design was used on a study population of 353 respondents comprising medical students and doctors from universities and their teaching hospitals in the six (6) geopolitical zones across Nigeria and participating schools were selected through multi-stage random sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to gather information and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: It was observed that the highest number of respondents were in the south-south zone (30.7%), with most being females (55.8%). Majority of respondents were between the ages of 21-25 years (42%). High knowledge (96.8%) about gender-based discrimination was demonstrated by respondents and most cases of gender-based discrimination were observed among females (59.2%), with 67.4% of respondents experiencing gender-based discrimination in one form or the other. Males were found to constitute majority of perpetrators (54%) and 91% of victims did not report the incident. The result further showed statistically significant association between personal experience of gender-based discrimination and gender of respondents (p<0.05). Respondents demonstrated good knowledge of gender-based discrimination. It further revealed that gender-based discrimination exist with a prevalence of 67.4%, with differences occurring in the personal experiences of gender-based discrimination by occupation and sex. However, majority of cases were not reported. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practices: Organizing regular seminars to educate medical students and doctors about practices considered to be gender-based discrimination, and developing strict policies against gender-based discrimination in our training institutions (Medical schools/Teaching hospitals).
Estimation récursive de la mesure invariante d'un processus de diffusion.

L'objet de la these est l'etude d'un algorithme, simple d'implementation et recursif, permettant de calculer l'integrale d'une fonction par rapport a la probabilite invariante d'un processus solution d'une equation differentielle stochastique de dimension finie. La principale hypothese sur ces solutions (diffusions) est l'existence d'une fonction de Lyapounov garantissant une condition de stabilite. Par le theoreme ergodique on sait que les mesures empiriques de la diffusion convergent vers une mesure invariante. Nous etudions une convergence similaire lorsque la diffusion est discretisee par un schema d'Euler de pas decroissant. Nous prouvons que les mesures empiriques ponderees de ce schema convergent vers la mesure invariante de la diffusion, et qu'il est possible d'integrer des fonctions exponentielles lorsque le coefficient de diffusion est suffisamment petit. De plus, pour une classe de diffusions plus restreinte, nous prouvons la convergence presque sure et dans Lp du schema d'Euler vers la diffusion. Nous obtenons des vitesses de convergence pour les mesures empiriques ponderees et donnons les parametres permettant une vitesse optimale. Nous finissons l'etude de ce schema lorsqu'il y a presence de multiples mesures invariantes. Cette etude se fait en dimension 1, et nous permet de mettre en evidence un lien entre classification de Feller et fonctions de Lyapounov. Dans la derniere partie, nous exposons un nouvel algorithme adaptatif permettant de considerer des problemes plus generaux tels que les systemes Hamiltoniens ou les systemes monotones. Il s'agit de considerer les mesures empiriques d'un schema d'Euler construit a partir d'une suite de pas aleatoires adaptes dominee par une suite decroissant vers 0.
Waste Heat Source Profiles for Marine Application of Organic Rankine Cycle

The maritime industry will continue to see increasing regulatory requirements to reduce carbon emissions from ships’ operations. Improving the energy efficiency of ships with waste heat recovery systems based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an attractive way to meet these tightening requirements. The operational profile of a ship has a huge influence on the feasibility of installing ORC onboard as it affects the waste heat source profile from the diesel engines. However, to date, scant attention has been paid to examining the effects that the operational profile has on the marine application of ORC as it is both difficult and expensive to obtain. The present paper aims to describe a methodology that can overcome this problem by developing a generic ship speed profile that defines the ship’s operational profile. This speed profile works together with a fit-for-purpose diesel engine waste heat model to derive a waste heat source profile that is used as the input to a thermoeconomic analysis that can justify the installation of ORC. The proposed methodology allows for an objective comparison of the feasibility of ORC subjected to variations in the operational profile. Furthermore, the optimum ORC design can be identified to meet payback time expectations of different shipowners.
Effects of an adapted mindfulness-based intervention on well-being in a Filipino college sample

ABSTRACT In recent decades, mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to be a very effective and economical approach in treating psychological disorders, with the literature from studies in the Western world, . On the other hand, mindfulness interventions in the Philippine context are just beginning, with limited studies published regarding its efficacy. This study is one of the first exploratory investigations on the potential of mindfulness-based strategies for young Filipino sample. Findings suggest that an adapted mindfulness based cognitive therapy approach on a college population can bring changes in the areas of stress, depression, anxiety, and over-all psychological well-being. This study suggests that mindfulness interventions might be a cross-culturally effective approach and leads the way for more studies within the Filipino context.
Food Science of Animal Resources

Recently, protein-fortified milk powders are being widely consumed in Korea to prevent sarcopenia, and the demand for high-protein food powders is continuously increasing in the Korean market. However, spray-dried milk proteins have poor flowability and wettability owing to their fine particle sizes and high inter-particle cohesive forces. Fluidized bed agglomeration is widely used to improve the instant properties of food powders. This study investigated the effect of fluidized bed agglomeration on whey protein isolate (WPI)-fortified skim milk powder (SMP) at different SMP/WPI ratios. The fluidized bed process increased the particle size distribution, and agglomerated particles with grape-like structures were observed in the SEM images. As the size increased, the Carr index (CI) and Hausner ratio (HR) values of the agglomerated WPIfortified SMP particles exhibited excellent flowability (CI: <15) and low cohesiveness (HR: <1.2). In addition, agglomerated WPI-fortified SMP particles exhibited the faster wetting time than the instant criterion (<20 s). As a result, the rheological and physical properties of the WPI-fortified SMP particles were effectively improved by fluidized bed agglomeration. However, the fluidized bed agglomeration process led to a slight change in the color properties. The CIE L* decreased, and the CIE b* increased because of the Maillard reaction. The apparent viscosity (ηa,10) and consistency index (K) values of the rehydrated solutions (60 g/180 mL water) increased with the increasing WPI ratio. These results may be useful for formulating protein-fortified milk powder with better instant properties.
Role of Rivaroxaban in the Antithrombotic Treatment of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

To explore the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in the antithrombotic treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention is the objective of the study. A total of 124 patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation admitted and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in our hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 62 cases in each group. After the operation, both groups were treated with triple antithrombotic therapy for 6 mo, then switched to dual antithrombotic therapy for six more months, in which the experimental group was treated with rivaroxaban and the control group was treated with warfarin. The coagulation function of the two groups of patients before and after percutaneous coronary intervention was compared and the occurrence of thromboembolic events and bleeding events were observed at the same time. Compared with the situation before treatment, the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time in the two groups were significantly increased after treatment, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05); compared with the experimental group, the increase of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time in the control group was more significant (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of thromboembolic events between the two groups (p>0.05). The incidence of bleeding events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Compared with warfarin, rivaroxaban had comparable efficacy, but a lower bleeding incidence and a safer effect in the antithrombotic treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Supplementation with Two New Standardized Tea Extracts Prevents the Development of Hypertension in Mice with Metabolic Syndrome

Hypertension is considered to be both a cardiovascular disease and a risk factor for other cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary ischemia or stroke. In many cases, hypertension occurs in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition in which other circumstances such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance are also present. The high incidence of MetS makes necessary the search for new strategies, ideally of natural origin and with fewer side effects than conventional pharmacological treatments. Among them, the tea plant is a good candidate, as it contains several bioactive compounds such as caffeine, volatile terpenes, organic acids, and polyphenols with positive biological effects. The aim of this study was to assess whether two new standardized tea extracts, one of white tea (WTE) and the other of black and green tea (CTE), exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular alterations associated with MetS. For this purpose, male C57/BL6J mice were fed a standard diet (Controls), a diet high in fats and sugars (HFHS), HFHS supplemented with 1.6% WTE, or HFHS supplemented with 1.6% CTE for 20 weeks. The chromatography results showed that CTE is more concentrated on gallic acid, xanthines and flavan-3-ols than WTE. In vivo, supplementation with WTE and CTE prevented the development of MetS-associated hypertension through improved endothelial function. This improvement was associated with a lower expression of proinflammatory and prooxidant markers, and—in the case of CTE supplementation—also with a higher expression of antioxidant enzymes in arterial tissue. In conclusion, supplementation with WTE and CTE prevents the development of hypertension in obese mice; as such, they could be an interesting strategy to prevent the cardiovascular disorders associated with MetS.
Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Physical exercise has been shown to improve dysmetabolism in older adults, reducing cardiovascular risk, while its role in preventing dysmetabolism is less known. Moreover, most of the trials use exercise programs that are difficult to put into daily practice. The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-month moderate exercise program in improving or preventing dysmetabolism in 120 older adults, randomly selected for the exercise program (experimental group) or cultural activities (control group). None of the subjects were following a hypocaloric diet, and all of them reported healthy eating habits. Anthropometric (Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC)) and metabolic variables (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)) were assessed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the trial (T1). Dysmetabolism was defined by the presence of an increased WC plus at least two metabolic alterations. At T0, the two groups did not differ by sex, age, education, BMI, WC, FPG, HDL-C levels, and prevalence of dysmetabolism. The mean BMI value indicated overweight, and WC values were higher than the cut-off. At T1, a slight reduction in the number of people with dysmetabolism was found only in the experimental group. However, none of the individuals without dysmetabolism at T0 in the experimental group developed it at T1, while 11.4% developed it in the control group (p = 0.032). This study highlights that a moderate exercise program, accessible in daily practice, can prevent dysmetabolism in older adults, even while being overweight, while if dysmetabolism is already present, more prolonged combined nutritional and exercise interventions will be needed.
Abnormal Longitudinal Strain Reduction of Basal Left Ventricular Segments in Patients Recovered of COVID-19

Background: The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is the pathogen that causes COVID-19. Cardiovascular (CV) involvement during this infection, has been related to adverse outcomes. Interestingly, some patients may remain symptomatic beyond the first 14 days of disease diagnosis. Although a particular reduction on left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) in basal segments has been recently described in patients hospitalized with diagnosis of COVID-19, the correlation of these findings with the persistence of symptoms has not been determined. Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe echocardiographic findings in patients recovered from COVID-19 and to determine its association with persistent dyspnea. Methods: Seventy-six patients were analyzed. Forty-six were asymptomatic (group N°1) and 30 referred persistent dyspnea at the time of examination (group N°2), and a cohort of 25 healthy individuals was included as a control group. Total LV GLS, average basal LV GLS, and average mid-apical LV GLS were assessed. Basal-mid-apical index (BMAI) was calculated. A difference in BMAI bigger than 15% between both groups was stablished as cutoff point. Results: Nonsignificative differences on standard echocardiographic measurements were found between the analyzed groups. When compared to the control group, there was nonsignificative reduction on basal LV GLS values in patients with persistent dyspnea. However, BMAI values were bigger than 15% in 70% of patients from group N°2 but in none of the patients from the control group (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: This new index allowed to identify an abnormal relation in LV GLS values between basal and medium-apical segments among patients recovered from COVID-19 and persistent dyspnea.
“I Really Wanted Them to Have My Back, but They Didn’t”—Structural Barriers to Addressing Gendered Online Violence against Journalists

Abstract Despite rising scholarly interest in online violence as an “occupational hazard” for journalists, we know little about the dynamics that shape the often-limited support given by media organizations to media workers affected by online violence. In this study, I explore how the working environment of journalists constrains opportunities for addressing gendered online violence. Through a total of 27 interviews with experts and media workers in the United Kingdom and India, I find that these structural barriers play out through three main dynamics: stratified access to support resources, workplace norms that punish reporting online violence as signs of “weakness,” and precarious conditions that leave journalists with little control over their work. Adverse press freedom conditions also appear to exacerbate the impact of these dynamics. Relating these findings to broader inequality regimes in the contemporary working world, I argue that online violence both reinforces and is reinforced by inequality regimes within media organizations. In the same way that organizations often fail to adequately address other forms of workplace harassment, structural barriers complicate newsroom responses to online violence.
MARKOV MODULATED FLUID QUEUES WITH BATCH FLUID ARRIVALS

Abstract In the conventional Markov modulated fluid queue, the buffer content process has a continuous sample path. This paper concerns a Markov modulated fluid queue whose buffer content process may have jumps. This model extends not only the conventional fluid queue but also tlie MAP/G'/l model We give a procedure to get a Laplare-Stieltjes transform of t,lie stationary joint distribution of tlie buffer content and barkground state. Some numerical example;-! are prosetit t d a^i well
Predictors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Lubaga Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Background While hepatitis B virus infection may be seen as a global threat within the medical and scientific community, primary prevention via vaccination remains the most effective approach towards breaking the chain of transmission of HBV infection. However, vaccination uptake in Uganda has been modest despite a very endemic national figure resulting from the vertical transmission of this infection. This study assessed the predictors of HBV vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic in Central Uganda. Methodology A hospital-based cross-sectional study employing a five-sectioned pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted to obtain data from 385 consenting pregnant women. Responses for the antecedent variables were transformed into weighted aggregate scores using SPSS version 26. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to ascertain the predictors of HBV vaccine hesitancy with the cut-off for hypotheses set at 5% level of significance. Results The majority of the respondents (59%) were between the ages of 18 and 28 years. Women with secondary educational attainment were predominant (42.3%). The respondents had mean scores of 5.97±6.61, 17.10±18.31, and 12.39±13.37, respectively, computed for knowledge of HBV infection, perception, and behavioral skills towards HBV prevention. Regarding vaccine hesitancy, three-quarters of the women (74%) hesitated to uptake HBV vaccine. While negative significant associations exist between marital status (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.22–1.01), knowledge (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.70–0.89), behavioral skills (AOR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81–0.95) and vaccine hesitancy, level of education (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.08–3.27) and perception (AOR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.05–1.18) on the other hand, positively predicted vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion The findings reported an extremely high degree of HBV vaccine hesitancy among the expectant mothers discovered to be linked with marital status, educational attainment, HBV-specific knowledge, perception and behavioral skills. This necessitates targeted health education for married women with lower educational attainment to improve their knowledge which will in turn shape their perception and behavioral skills towards satisfactory uptake of HBV vaccine.