Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute Cardiovascular Events Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults

BACKGROUND Influenza may contribute to the burden of acute cardiovascular events during annual influenza epidemics. OBJECTIVE To examine acute cardiovascular events and determine risk factors for acute heart failure (aHF) and acute ischemic heart disease (aIHD) in adults with a hospitalization associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING U.S. Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network during the 2010-to-2011 through 2017-to-2018 influenza seasons. PARTICIPANTS Adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza and identified through influenza testing ordered by a practitioner. MEASUREMENTS Acute cardiovascular events were ascertained using discharge codes from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, and ICD, 10th Revision. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, tobacco use, chronic conditions, influenza vaccination, influenza antiviral medication, and influenza type or subtype were included as exposures in logistic regression models, and marginal adjusted risk ratios and 95% CIs were estimated to describe factors associated with aHF or aIHD. RESULTS Among 89 999 adults with laboratory-confirmed influenza, 80 261 had complete medical record abstractions and available ICD codes (median age, 69 years [interquartile range, 54 to 81 years]) and 11.7% had an acute cardiovascular event. The most common such events (non-mutually exclusive) were aHF (6.2%) and aIHD (5.7%). Older age, tobacco use, underlying cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and renal disease were significantly associated with higher risk for aHF and aIHD in adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza. LIMITATION Underdetection of cases was likely because influenza testing was based on practitioner orders. Acute cardiovascular events were identified by ICD discharge codes and may be subject to misclassification bias. CONCLUSION In this population-based study of adults hospitalized with influenza, almost 12% of patients had an acute cardiovascular event. Clinicians should ensure high rates of influenza vaccination, especially in those with underlying chronic conditions, to protect against acute cardiovascular events associated with influenza. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5)-deficient Rats Have Reduced Bone Mass and Abnormal Development of the Retinal Vasculature

Humans carrying homozygous loss-of-function mutations in the Wnt co-receptor LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 5) develop osteoporosis and a defective retinal vasculature known as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) due to disruption of the Wnt signaling pathway. The purpose of this study was to use CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to create strains of Lrp5-deficient rats and to determine whether knockout of Lrp5 resulted in phenotypes that model the bone and retina pathology in LRP5-deficient humans. Knockout of Lrp5 in rats produced low bone mass, decreased bone mineral density, and decreased bone size. The superficial retinal vasculature of Lrp5-deficient rats was sparse and disorganized, with extensive exudates and decreases in vascularized area, vessel length, and branch point density. This study showed that Lrp5 could be predictably knocked out in rats using CRISPR/Cas9, causing the expression of bone and retinal phenotypes that will be useful for studying the role of Wnt signaling in bone and retina development and for research on the treatment of osteoporosis and FEVR.
The Role of Natriuretic Peptides in the Regulation of Cardiac Tolerance to Ischemia/Reperfusion and Postinfarction Heart Remodeling

In the past 10 years, mortality from acute myocardial infarction has not decreased despite the widespread introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention. The reason for this situation is the absence in clinical practice of drugs capable of preventing reperfusion injury of the heart with high efficiency. In this regard, noteworthy natriuretic peptides (NPs) which have the infarct-limiting effect, prevent reperfusion cardiac injury, prevent adverse post-infarction remodeling of the heart. Atrial natriuretic peptide does not have the infarct-reducing effect in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. NPs have the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. There is indirect evidence that NPs inhibit pyroptosis and autophagy. Published data indicate that NPs inhibit reactive oxygen species production in cardiomyocytes, aorta, heart, kidney and the endothelial cells. NPs can suppress aldosterone, angiotensin II, endothelin-1 synthesize and secretion. NPs inhibit the effects aldosterone, angiotensin II on the post-receptor level through intracellular signaling events. NPs activate guanylyl cyclase, protein kinase G and protein kinase A, and reduce phosphodiesterase 3 activity. NO-synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase are involved in the cardioprotective effect of NPs. The cardioprotective effect of natriuretic peptides is mediated via activation of kinases (AMPK, PKC, PI3 K, ERK1/2, p70s6 k, Akt) and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The cardioprotective effect of NPs is mediated via sarcolemmal KATP channel and mitochondrial KATP channel opening. The cardioprotective effect of brain natriuretic peptide is mediated via MPT pore closing. The anti-fibrotic effect of NPs may be mediated through inhibition TGF-β1 expression. Natriuretic peptides can inhibit NF-κB activity and activate GATA. Hemeoxygenase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ may be involved in the infarct-reducing effect of NPs. NPs exhibit the infarct-limiting effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction. NPs prevent post-infarction remodeling of the heart. To finally resolve the question of the feasibility of using NPs in AMI, a multicenter, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled study is needed to assess the effect of NPs on the mortality of patients after AMI.
Contribution of Reserves to Kernel Weight and Grain Yield Determination in Maize: Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation

Maize (Zea mays L.) kernel weight (KW) and grain yield depend on plant growth during active grain filling and reserves use. The objective of our study was to analyze the phenotypic and genotypic variation in these traits in a family of recombinant inbred lines (RIL). In two field experiments we measured plant grain yield (PGY) and its components (KW and kernel number per plant, KNP), biomass production per plant and per kernel during active grain filling, and apparent reserves use (ARU) per plant (ARU(P), difference between PGY and plant biomass production during active grain filling) and per kernel (ARU(K), difference between KW and plant biomass production per kernel during active grain filling). Heritability (h(2)) and phenotypic plasticity were computed for all traits. Large differences were always evident among genotypes, but phenotypic plasticity was (i) low for KW and plant biomass at R2 and physiological maturity; (ii) intermediate for KNP and PGY; and (iii) high for plant growth, plant growth per kernel after R2, and ARUs. Traits with highest h2 were KW (0.70), KNP (0.61), and ARU(P) (0.59). Final KW was related to plant growth per kernel (r(2) = 0.64; P = 0.49; P < 0.001) by KNP. Because of its positive relationship with KNP (main determinant of PGY), high h2 and high phenotypic plasticity, breeding must consider the increase in ARU(P) for improving grain yield, an objective that needs to be coupled with large reserves accumulation before silking to avoid the risk of lodging.
Health technology assessment: Choice between a cytotoxic safety cabinet and an isolator for oncology drug reconstitution in Tunisia

Introduction In order to implement a centralized cytotoxic reconstitution unit (CCRU), a study was conducted to compare the implementation costs of a CCRU equipped with a cytotoxic safety cabinet (CSC) and one equipped with an isolator with negative pressure. Materials and methods This study compares items such as infrastructure, air treatment and CCRU qualification costs, equipment’s purchase and qualifications costs, as well as staff dressing costs. Two plans were elaborated according to the international recommendations in a way that they respond to the necessary requirements in both cases. Requests for quotes for the compared items were sent to different suppliers. Results The implementations’ cost of a CCRU equipped with a CSC is cheaper than the one equipped with an isolator. The price of an isolator is much higher than a CSC; its qualification is also more expensive. However, the requirements and the costs for the air treatment and the dressing of the staff are less in the case of an isolator. The overall cost of the CCRU’s implementation is approximately 1.3 times higher in the case of an isolator. However, by excluding the equipment purchase cost, the overall cost of a CSC’s implementation becomes higher. Conclusion For Tunisia, it seems that the CSC is the most adapted. However, this work should be completed by the comparison of the CCRU’s operating costs in order to optimize the resources and figure out the cheapest system.
Gambling and Problem Gambling among Minnesota Public School Students in 2019

Abstract This study has three specific aims. First, examine gambling participation and problem gambling rates for 2019. Second, compare 2019 rates of gambling participation and problem gambling to 2016 to determine if rates increased, decreased or stayed the same. Third, examine what demographic, psychosocial and behavioral variables are associated with adolescent problem gambling. The 2019 sample includes 55,552 male and 58,155 female Minnesota public school students enrolled in the 8th, 9th, and 11th grades and the 2016 sample includes 58,232 male and 59,294 female students from 8th, 9th, and 11th grades. Students were administered the Minnesota Student Survey. For 2019, the gambling participation rate was 29.6%, the frequent gambling rate was 6.5%. The problem gambling rate was 0.5% with an additional 2.3% that had problems associated with their gambling but it did not reach the threshold of problem gambling. More boys gambled than girls (38.5% versus 21.1%); more boys gambled frequently than girls (9.7% versus 3.4%); and more boys were positive for problem gambling than girls (0.9% versus 0.2%). There were fewer students gambling in 2019 (29.6%) than in 2016 (32.1%). There were fewer students gambling frequently in 2019 (6.5%) than in 2016 (7.5%). There was no change in the problem gambling rate (0.5%) between 2016 and 2019. Tobacco use and antisocial behaviors were related to problem gambling but only accounted for 16% of the variance in problem gambling. There is a small segment of the adolescent population that gambles excessively and experiences problems associated with their gambling.
Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection in the Colorectum: Results From the German Colonic FTRD Registry.

INTRODUCTION Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a powerful option for resection of colorectal lesions not amenable to conventional endoscopic resection. The full-thickness resection device (FTRD) allows clip-assisted EFTR with a single-step technique. We report on results of a large nationwide FTRD registry. METHODS The "German colonic FTRD registry" was created to further assess efficacy and safety of the FTRD System after approval in Europe. Data were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Sixty-five centers contributed 1,178 colorectal FTRD procedures. Indications for EFTR were difficult adenomas (67.1%), early carcinomas (18.4%), subepithelial tumors (6.8%), and diagnostic EFTR (1.3%). Mean lesion size was 15 × 15 mm and most lesions were pretreated endoscopically (54.1%). Technical success was 88.2% and R0 resection was achieved in 80.0%. R0 resection was significantly higher for subepithelial tumor compared with that for other lesions. No difference in R0 resection was found for smaller vs larger lesions or for colonic vs rectal procedures. Adverse events occurred in 12.1% (3.1% major events and 2.0% required surgical treatment). Endoscopic follow-up was available in 58.0% and showed residual/recurrent lesions in 13.5%, which could be managed endoscopically in most cases (77.2%). DISCUSSION To date, this is the largest study of colorectal EFTR using the FTRD System. The study demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety for "difficult-to-resect" colorectal lesions and confirms results of previous studies in a large "real-world" setting. Further studies are needed to compare EFTR with other advanced resection techniques and evaluate long-term outcome.
Draft Genomes of Amaranthus tuberculatus, Amaranthus hybridus, and Amaranthus palmeri

Abstract Amaranthus tuberculatus, Amaranthus hybridus, and Amaranthus palmeri are agronomically important weed species. Here, we present the most contiguous draft assemblies of these three species to date. We utilized a combination of Pacific Biosciences long-read sequencing and chromatin contact mapping information to assemble and order sequences of A. palmeri to near-chromosome-level resolution, with scaffold N50 of 20.1 Mb. To resolve the issues of heterozygosity and coassembly of alleles in diploid species, we adapted the trio binning approach to produce haplotype assemblies of A. tuberculatus and A. hybridus. This approach resulted in an improved assembly of A. tuberculatus, and the first genome assembly for A. hybridus, with contig N50s of 2.58 and 2.26 Mb, respectively. Species-specific transcriptomes and information from related species were used to predict transcripts within each assembly. Syntenic comparisons of these species and Amaranthus hypochondriacus identified sites of genomic rearrangement, including duplication and translocation, whereas genetic map construction within A. tuberculatus highlighted the need for further ordering of the A. hybridus and A. tuberculatus contigs. These multiple reference genomes will accelerate genomic studies in these species to further our understanding of weedy evolution within Amaranthus.
Clinical presentation, management, and 6-month outcomes in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: an ESC EORP registry.

AIMS We sought to describe the clinical presentation, management, and 6-month outcomes in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) globally. METHODS AND RESULTS In 2011, >100 national and affiliated member cardiac societies of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) were contacted to contribute to a global registry on PPCM, under the auspices of the ESC EURObservational Research Programme. These societies were tasked with identifying centres who could participate in this registry. In low-income countries, e.g. Mozambique or Burkina Faso, where there are no national societies due to a shortage of cardiologists, we identified potential participants through abstracts and publications and encouraged participation into the study. Seven hundred and thirty-nine women were enrolled in 49 countries in Europe (33%), Africa (29%), Asia-Pacific (15%), and the Middle East (22%). Mean age was 31 ± 6 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 31 ± 10%, and 10% had a previous pregnancy complicated by PPCM. Symptom-onset occurred most often within 1 month of delivery (44%). At diagnosis, 67% of patients had severe (NYHA III/IV) symptoms and 67% had a LVEF ≤35%. Fifteen percent received bromocriptine with significant regional variation (Europe 15%, Africa 26%, Asia-Pacific 8%, the Middle East 4%, P < 0.001). Follow-up was available for 598 (81%) women. Six-month mortality was 6% overall, lowest in Europe (4%), and highest in the Middle East (10%). Most deaths were due to heart failure (42%) or sudden (30%). Re-admission for any reason occurred in 10% (with just over half of these for heart failure) and thromboembolic events in 7%. Myocardial recovery (LVEF > 50%) occurred only in 46%, most commonly in Asia-Pacific (62%), and least commonly in the Middle East (25%). Neonatal death occurred in 5% with marked regional variation (Europe 2%, the Middle East 9%). CONCLUSION Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a global disease, but clinical presentation and outcomes vary by region. Just under half of women experience myocardial recovery. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a disease with substantial maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
A rice bran phytochemical, cyanidin 3-glucoside, inhibits the progression of PC3 prostate cancer cell

Prostate cancer is one of the high incidences and the most invasive cancer that is also highly resistant to chemotherapy. Currently, several natural products have been considering using as the supplements for anti-cancer therapy. This study aims to identify the potential active anti-cancer ingredients in the bran extracts of the native Thai rice (Luempua cultivar). Rice bran fraction enriched in anthocyanins was successively isolated and processed until the major purified compound obtained. The sub-fractions and the purified, rice bran, cyanidin 3-glucoside (RBC3G), were studied for biological effects (cell viability, migration, and invasion assays) on human prostatic cancer (PC3) cells using immunohistochemical-staining and immuno-blotting approaches. The sub-fractions and the purified RBC3G inhibited epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics of PC3 cells by blocking the expression of several cytoskeletal associate proteins in a concentration dependent manner, leading to decreasing of the cancer cell motility. RBC3G reduced the expression of Smad/Snail signaling molecules but enhanced the expression of cell surface protein, E-cadherin, leading to a delay tumor transformation. The RBC3G also inhibited matrix metalloproteinase-9 and nuclear factor-kappa B expression levels and the enzymes activity in PC3 cells, leading to a slow cell migration/invasion process. The results suggested that RBC3G blunt and/or delay the progressive cancer cell behaviors by inhibit EMT through Smad signaling pathway(s) mediating Snail/E-cadherin expression.
Exploring parents’ perceptions on the importance and feasibility of child-centred consultations of 5-11 year olds in general practice

ABSTRACT Background The active involvement of children in their health care has been shown to increase compliance and improve outcomes. Despite this, children in the 6–12 year group have little meaningful involvement in General Practitioner (GP) consultations, contributing to less than 20% of interactions. Aim To explore parents’ perceptions on the importance and feasibility of child-centred consultations. Methods Purposive sampling was used to recruit parents from a primary school in London. Three audio recorded focus groups were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and subsequently thematically analysed. Results While most parents acknowledged the importance of child-centred consultations, they legitimately questioned their child’s ability to make decisions. Parents attributed low child participation to several factors including the perceived approachability of the GP, whether their child had met the doctor before, their child’s personality and the general lack of time during consultations. Parents described their own anxiety and worries surrounding their child’s health care which lead to their role as their child’s advocate, decision maker and protector during GP consultations. Conclusion This study confirms the importance of child-centred consultations and highlights numerous barriers which need to be overcome to achieve greater child involvement in consultations. If the findings were to be replicated in future larger studies, then it could lead to changes in both training and, crucially, how child-parent-doctor consultations should be carried out in general practice.
Roles of Cannabinoids in Melanoma: Evidence from In Vivo Studies

Melanoma is the fourth most common type of cancer diagnosed in Australians after breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. While there has been substantial progress in the treatment of cancer in general, malignant melanoma, in particular, is resistant to existing medical therapies requiring an urgent need to develop effective treatments with lesser side effects. Several studies have shown that “cannabinoids”, the major compounds of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, can reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in melanoma cells. Despite prohibited use of Cannabis in most parts of the world, in recent years there have been renewed interests in exploiting the beneficial health effects of the Cannabis plant-derived compounds. Therefore, the aim of this study was in the first instance to review the evidence from in vivo studies on the effects of cannabinoids on melanoma. Systematic searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest Central databases for relevant articles published from inception. From a total of 622 potential studies, six in vivo studies assessing the use of cannabinoids for treatment of melanoma were deemed eligible for the final analysis. The findings revealed cannabinoids, individually or combined, reduced tumor growth and promoted apoptosis and autophagy in melanoma cells. Further preclinical and animal studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms of cannabinoids-mediated inhibition of cancer-signaling pathways. Well-structured, randomized clinical studies on cannabinoid use in melanoma patients would also be required prior to cannabinoids becoming a viable and recognized therapeutic option for melanoma treatment in patients.