Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School-Based Exercise Programs for Promoting Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Overweight and Obese Children Aged 6 to 10

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the school-based exercise programs for promoting cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese children aged 6 to 10. Electronic databases (Web of Science and PubMed) were used as searching tools for collecting adequate studies published in the past 20 years. A total of 13 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review, with a total of 2810 participants, both male and female. According to the results of this systematic review, overweight and obese children aged 6 to 10 who underwent certain interventions had their CRF improved. Furthermore, evidence suggested that interventions carried out during a longer period of time suggested led to greater improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness than a shorter one, but the level of cardiorespiratory fitness gradually decreases after the intervention.
How Can We Improve Vaccination Response in Old People? Part I: Targeting Immunosenescence of Innate Immunity Cells

Vaccination, being able to prevent millions of cases of infectious diseases around the world every year, is the most effective medical intervention ever introduced. However, immunosenescence makes vaccines less effective in providing protection to older people. Although most studies explain that this is mainly due to the immunosenescence of T and B cells, the immunosenescence of innate immunity can also be a significant contributing factor. Alterations in function, number, subset, and distribution of blood neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer and dendritic cells are detected in aging, thus potentially reducing the efficacy of vaccines in older individuals. In this paper, we focus on the immunosenescence of the innate blood immune cells. We discuss possible strategies to counteract the immunosenescence of innate immunity in order to improve the response to vaccination. In particular, we focus on advances in understanding the role and the development of new adjuvants, such as TLR agonists, considered a promising strategy to increase vaccination efficiency in older individuals.
Development of a Hybrid-Imaging-Based Prognostic Index for Metastasized-Melanoma Patients in Whole-Body 18F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MRI Data

Besides tremendous treatment success in advanced melanoma patients, the rapid development of oncologic treatment options comes with increasingly high costs and can cause severe life-threatening side effects. For this purpose, predictive baseline biomarkers are becoming increasingly important for risk stratification and personalized treatment planning. Thus, the aim of this pilot study was the development of a prognostic tool for the risk stratification of the treatment response and mortality based on PET/MRI and PET/CT, including a convolutional neural network (CNN) for metastasized-melanoma patients before systemic-treatment initiation. The evaluation was based on 37 patients (19 f, 62 ± 13 y/o) with unresectable metastasized melanomas who underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI and PET/CT scans on the same day before the initiation of therapy with checkpoint inhibitors and/or BRAF/MEK inhibitors. The overall survival (OS), therapy response, metastatically involved organs, number of lesions, total lesion glycolysis, total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), peak standardized uptake value (SULpeak), diameter (Dmlesion) and mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean) were assessed. For each marker, a Kaplan–Meier analysis and the statistical significance (Wilcoxon test, paired t-test and Bonferroni correction) were assessed. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups depending on the OS and treatment response. The CNN segmentation and prediction utilized multimodality imaging data for a complementary in-depth risk analysis per patient. The following parameters correlated with longer OS: a TMTV < 50 mL; no metastases in the brain, bone, liver, spleen or pleura; ≤4 affected organ regions; no metastases; a Dmlesion > 37 mm or SULpeak < 1.3; a range of the ADCmean < 600 mm2/s. However, none of the parameters correlated significantly with the stratification of the patients into the high- or low-risk groups. For the CNN, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and accuracy were 92%, 96%, 92% and 95%, respectively. Imaging biomarkers such as the metastatic involvement of specific organs, a high tumor burden, the presence of at least one large lesion or a high range of intermetastatic diffusivity were negative predictors for the OS, but the identification of high-risk patients was not feasible with the handcrafted parameters. In contrast, the proposed CNN supplied risk stratification with high specificity and sensitivity.
The Psychological Effects of Imprisonment: The Role of Cognitive, Psychopathic and Affective Traits

The present cross-sectional correlational study aimed to investigate a set of cognitive, affective, and personality traits impacting the psychological effects of imprisonment. Ninety-three male inmates filled out a battery including measures of intelligence, working memory, psychopathy, aggressiveness, anxious trait, emotionality, rumination styles, and empathy proneness. Inmates' psychological outcomes were conceptualized in terms of mood, anxiety, depression, and general health. Results showed that inmates with high cognitive abilities, psychopathic impulsivity, proactive aggression, personal distress and fantasy, anxious and negative emotionality are mainly prone to ill-being psychological outcomes. Contrariwise, the fearless dominance trait, positive emotionality and empathic concern ability seem to expose inmates to positive psychological outcomes. Reactive aggression and perspective taking seem to impact both positive and negative moods. Ruminative style was unrelated to psychological outcomes. These preliminary results provide an insight into which factors intervention programs should be based upon in order to enhance well-being and reduce distress among inmates.
Assessment of Carbon Pools and Stability of Soil Aggregates in Inceptisols of Indo-Gangetic Plains as Influenced by Seven-Year Continuous Tillage Practices Under Maize-Based Cropping System

ABSTRACT Intensive tillage practices have degraded soil physical quality and reduced soil organic carbon (SOC) content. As a result, crop productivity has decreased over time, highlighting the need for conservation practices. For this, a long-term field experiment at Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour dominated by Inceptisols in Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar was conducted to study the effect of three tillage practices, that is, zero tillage (ZT), permanent raised bed (PB) and conventional tillage (CT) and three cropping system namely maize-maize, maize-wheat and maize-chickpea on different pools of carbon and soil aggregation. After 7 years, it was observed that conservation tillage practices (ZT and PB) had significant positive effect on total soil organic carbon, active pools of carbon and percentage distribution of aggregates. The total organic carbon (TOC) and mean weight diameter (MWD) was found highest under PB (8.62 g kg−1 and 1.70 mm, respectively) which was at par with ZT (8.50 g kg−1 and 1.68 mm, respectively) and the lowest in CT (7.89 g kg−1 and 1.37 mm, respectively) while, among cropping systems, maize-chickpea system recorded significantly higher TOC and MWD (8.48 g kg−1 and 1.67 mm, respectively). Carbon Management Index (CMI) was also found higher under ZT (152) and maize-chickpea system (149). As a result of our study, it was observed that combining conservation practices (PB and ZT) with appropriate crop rotation (maize-chickpea) appears to be the best option for restoring and improving the health of light-textured Inceptisols by increasing soil organic matter (SOM) and improving soil physical properties.
An H-alpha search for over-dense regions at z=2.23

We present the results of a narrow-band (H2S1, 2.121/0.021um) imaging search with WFCAM/UKIRT for H-alpha emitters around several potential signposts of rare (10^-7-10^-8 Mpc^-3) over-dense regions at z=2.23: an over-density of QSOs (2QZ cluster), a powerful, high-redshift radio galaxy (HzRG), and a concentration of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) and optically faint radio galaxies (OFRGs). In total, we detect 137 narrow-band emitter candidates down to emission-line fluxes of 0.5-1 x 10^-16 erg s^-1 cm^-2, across a total area of 0.56 sq. degrees (2.1 x 10^5 comoving Mpc at z=2.23) in these fields. The BzK colours of the emitters suggest that at least 80% of our sample are likely to be H-alpha emitters (HAEs) at z=2.23. This is one of the largest HAE samples known at z>2. We find modest (~3-sigma) local over-densities of emitters associated with all the three targets. In the 2QZ cluster field, the emitters show a striking filamentary structure connecting four of the z=2.23 QSOs extending over 30Mpc (comoving). In the HzRG and SMG/OFRG fields, the structures appear to be smaller and seen only in the vicinities of the targets. The K-band magnitudes and the H-alpha equivalent widths of the emitters are weakly correlated with the over-density of the emitters: emitters in over-dense region are more evolved systems compared to those in under-dense regions at z=2.23. We find several examples of extended HAEs in our target fields, including a striking example with a spatial extent of 7.5 arcsec (60 kpc at z=2.23) in the 2QZ field, suggesting that these are relatively common in high-density regions. We conclude that narrow-band H-alpha surveys are efficient routes to map over-dense regions at high-z and thus to understand the relation between the growth of galaxies and their surrounding large-scale structures.
State-Dependent Effects of Tax Changes in Germany and the United Kingdom

We study state-dependent effects of narratively identified tax shocks in Germany and the UK over the period 1974Q1 – 2018Q4 using local projections. In addition, we distinguish between aggregated and disaggregated tax types (direct and indirect taxes) as well as look for possible asymmetries between tax hikes and tax cuts. We find a number of differences across the business cycle, and between sample countries, tax types, and direction of tax changes. For instance, aggregated tax cuts initially have a larger effect during times of non-recession in Germany, whereas we find no state-dependent effects for the UK. When disaggregating tax types, German indirect tax cuts only appear expansionary during downturns, whereas the effect is positive throughout the business cycle in the UK. Furthermore, we find different reactions when considering tax cuts and hikes individually: tax hikes can be expansionary in Germany (UK) when implemented during non-recessionary (recession-ary) periods whereas they are contractionary during recessions (non-recessions). When considering tax cuts, German GDP rises only when cuts are enacted in times of non-reces-sion, whereas in the UK, the reactions is positive in either case and mostly symmetric. All these findings are robust to various changes in the econometric setup.
Is transformational leadership instrumental to environmental sustainability?
A perspective of Pakistani textile sector

This study proposes to highlight the role of transformation leadership in enabling environmental sustainability efforts. In this regard, a mediating role of green human resource management is investigated to understand the association between transformation leadership and environmental sustainability. The study follows a quantitative and cross-sectional research approach. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the responses from 200 managerial-level employees of ISO-14001 certified textile organizations in Lahore, Pakistan. Furthermore, the study hypotheses were tested by applying linear regression and Hayes’ Process in SPSS to determine the interconnected dependence of the study variables. The findings of the study demonstrate that transformational leadership plays an instrumental role in the implementation of environmental sustainability strategy. The results also reveal that green human resource management significantly mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and environmental sustainability. The research outcomes portray a stringent need to apply the transforming abilities of the organizational leaders for fostering environmental initiatives; a contribution to a broader cause of global environmental sustainability
Targeting the Unwindosome by Mebendazole Is a Vulnerability of Chemoresistant Hepatoblastoma

Simple Summary Hepatoblastoma patients with tumors that do not respond to preoperative chemotherapy often experience incomplete surgical resection and thus poor outcomes. By analyzing the gene expression data of chemoresistant and responsive tumors using sophisticated drug prediction software we identified mebendazole, a medication usually used to treat parasitic worm infestations, as a putative drug to circumvent chemoresistance. We evaluated the efficacy of this drug in cell culture models of hepatoblastoma and found that both short- and long-term tumor cell growth were significantly inhibited upon treatment. Moreover, we identified the cellular and molecular consequences of mebendazole treatment to be the arrest of cell division and the induction of programmed cell death by the deregulation of genes involved in the unwindosome. Most importantly, mebendazole also proved effective when tested in a mouse model carrying a patient-derived tumor. Our results demonstrate the successful repurposing of mebendazole as a new treatment option for chemoresistant hepatoblastoma. Abstract Resistance to conventional chemotherapy remains a huge challenge in the clinical management of hepatoblastoma, the most common liver tumor in childhood. By integrating the gene expression data of hepatoblastoma patients into the perturbation prediction tool Connectivity Map, we identified the clinical widely used anthelmintic mebendazole as a drug to circumvent chemoresistance in permanent and patient-derived xenograft cell lines that are resistant to cisplatin, the therapeutic backbone of hepatoblastoma treatment. Viability assays clearly indicated a potent reduction of tumor cell growth upon mebendazole treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of mebendazole and cisplatin revealed a strong synergistic effect, which was comparable to the one seen with cisplatin and doxorubicin, the current treatment for high-risk hepatoblastoma patients. Moreover, mebendazole treatment resulted in reduced colony and tumor spheroid formation capabilities, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis of hepatoblastoma cells. Mechanistically, mebendazole causes blockage of microtubule formation and transcriptional downregulation of genes encoding the unwindosome, which are highly expressed in chemoresistant tumors. Most importantly, mebendazole significantly reduced tumor growth in a subcutaneous xenograft transplantation mouse model without side effects. In conclusion, our results strongly support the clinical use of mebendazole in the treatment of chemoresistant hepatoblastoma and highlight the potential theranostic value of unwindosome-associated genes.
Case study: A qualitative study aimed at comparing standard therapy in a breast cancer patient to the spiritual healing and psychological support, in improving patient’s compliance

Background: Breast tumor is the most well-known type of cancerous growth in ladies of Pakistan. The effect of theunderlying diagnosis, treatment conventions, chemotherapeutic agents in contrast with culture, social and psychological parts of the ailment is not settled. Method: This subjective review analyzed and contrasted thestandard treatment conventions and the Spiritual Healing including psychological support utilized by patient withbreast cancer in connection to its effect on the enhanced quality of her life and her enhanced wellbeing status. MrsFouzia Mohsin a patient with bosom malignancy persistent, mother of 6 youngsters having an age of 53 years and 5months from Faisalabad experiencing chemotherapy from Shifa International Hospital Islamabad and also SpiritualHealing and mental support was met. Information were dissected utilizing topical examination. The patient'sunderstanding of bosom disease concentrated on the conviction of suitability of medication treatment picked by herphysician and in addition the positive mental impact of Spiritual recuperating alongside the scope of feelings felt allthrough her ailment. Results: The significance of spiritual healing and mental support of the family along withbreast cancer tackling techniques i.e chemotherapy, radiotherapy and mastectomy is far excessively helpful andsteady in method for upgrading consistence to treatment and accordingly enhanced personal satisfaction. This is the principal study to look into the case of lady experiencing breast cancer on the experiencing chemotherapy andSpiritual Healing. This article gives illumination of the voiced encounters of a woman with breast tumor. The information not just highlights the part of standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy as fundamental adaptingmethodologies additionally underlines the adapting of issues like disengagement, hostility, and outrage as regularreactions to chemotherapy through Spiritual Healing and Psychological support of the family. Conclusion: One of akind elements are bosom malignancy patient's have to look for Spiritual Healing and Support of family for hersickness to remain spurred and increment in her consistence. These social elements require advance examination and research.
The Impact of South Africa’s Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity Rate on Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Behavior

Given that entrepreneurship scholars use various approaches to measure entrepreneurial success, which leads to inconsistent findings, in this study we investigate the impact that South Africa’s total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TESEA) rate has on the entrepreneurial attitudes and behavior of South Africans and their reactions to different macroeconomic factors. Secondary datasets were elicited from the World Bank’s world development indicators and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database from 2003–2014. Using a generalized linear model (GLM) poisson regression, we affirmed the statistical significance of these relationships, as well as enhanced the validity and reliability of the quantitative estimation procedure. We found that the TESEA rate is positively associated with a higher ease of doing business and entrepreneurial intention level. Furthermore, we found that when entrepreneurship is viewed as a good career choice, and given media visibility, the TESEA rate increases, and vice versa. It was also observed that the GDP per capita (which relies on efficiency, innovation and optimal utilization of market knowledge), as well as the level of economic freedom in South Africa, positively impacts the nation’s TESEA rate. Likewise, we found that the unemployment rate is positively associated with the TESEA rate of South Africa. South Africa’s TESEA rate is influenced by a combination of factors due to the dynamic nature of individual traits. However, the TESEA rate has a remarkable impact on South Africa’s entrepreneurial decision making. This implies that a targeted approach is more relevant when implementing both private and government policy initiatives.
CONSISTENT EXPECTATIONS EQUILIBRIA

We consider a class of nonlinear dynamic economic models in which the actual realizations of a certain variable (e.g., price) depend on the agents' expectations about this variable. We define a consistent expectations equilibrium (CEE) by the property that the sample average and the sample autocorrelations of the realizations of the actual law of motion equal the average and the autocorrelations of the perceived law of motion. Along a CEE agent's expectations are thus self-fulfilling in terms of the observable sample average and sample autocorrelations. Restricting ourselves to the case in which beliefs are described by an AR(1) process, we study existence and stability of three different types of CEE: steady-state, two-cycle, and chaotic. We illustrate how these equilibria can emerge in the nonlinear cobweb model. Learning dynamics based on sample average and sample autocorrelations are introduced and stability of CEE under this learning process is investigated.
Constraining China's land carbon sink from emerging satellite CO2 observations: Progress and challenges

Land carbon sink is a vital component for the achievement of China's ambitious carbon neutrality goal, but its magnitude is poorly known. Atmospheric observations and inverse models are valuable tools to constrain the China's land carbon sink. Space‐based CO2 measurements from satellites form an emerging data stream for application of such atmospheric inversions. Here, we reviewed the satellite missions that is dedicated to the monitoring of CO2, and the recent progresses on the inversion of China's land carbon sink using satellite CO2 measurements. We summarized the limitations and challenges in current space platforms, retrieval algorithms, and the inverse modeling. It is shown that there are large uncertainties of contemporary satellite‐based estimates of China's land carbon sink. We discussed future opportunities of continuous improvements in three aspects to better constrain China's land carbon sink with space‐based CO2 measurements.
The Effects of Sodium Propionate Supplementation in the Diet with High Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Immune Resistance to Bacterial Infection in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the products of the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the intestine. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the most abundant SCFA metabolites and play an important role in maintaining host health. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of sodium propionate (NaP) supplementation in the diet with a high proportion of soybean meal (SBM) on the growth, inflammatory status, and anti-infectious ability in juvenile turbot. Four experimental diets were designed: (1) fish meal- (FM-) based diet (control group), (2) SBM protein replacing 45% FM protein in the diet (high SBM group), (3) 0.5% NaP supplementation in the high SBM diet (high SBM+0.5% NaP group), and (4) 1.0% NaP supplementation in the high SBM diet (high SBM+1.0% NaP group). The results confirmed that the fish fed the high SBM diet for 8 weeks showed the decreased growth performance, the typical enteritis symptoms, and the increased mortality responding to Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) infection. However, 0.5% NaP supplementation in the high SBM diet promoted the growth performance of turbot and restored the activities of digestive enzymes in the intestine. Moreover, dietary NaP ameliorated the intestinal morphology, enhanced the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, improved the antioxidant capacity, and suppressed the inflammatory status in turbot. Finally, the expression of antibacterial components and the resistance to bacterial infection were increased in NaP-fed turbot, especially in high SBM+1.0% NaP group. In conclusion, the supplementation of NaP in high SBM diet promotes the growth and health in turbot and provides a theoretical basis for the development of NaP as a functional additive in fish feed.