Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Equatorial Rossby waves on cold surge days and their impact on rainfall

This study aims to understand the process that determines the regional rainfall distribution in the equatorial South China Sea (SCS) and its surrounding during the cold surge (CS) days by looking at the different vorticity phases of active equatorial Rossby (R1) waves and the dynamics of the CSs related to the R1 wave. The CS can be thought of as an anticyclonic outflow from midlatitude and behaves like a dispersive group of R1 meridional modes. From the study, it shows the vorticity of the R1 wave arranges itself in such a way that the anticyclonic phase is located to the west and the cyclonic phase is located to the east of the cold CS axis. The CS winds in the equatorial SCS occur early, remain longer, and possess a larger zonal component in the active cyclonic phase compared with the active anticyclonic phase. During the active cyclonic vorticity phase, the rainfall anomalies pattern in the equatorial SCS changes from a “tick‐mark‐like” pattern to a “V‐shape” pattern as a consequence of the westward propagation of the wave. The probability of rainfall increases near the centre of cyclonic vorticity, but for anticyclonic vorticity the probability increases in the southern part of the vorticity centre. There is both increased (decreased) intensity and probability of extreme rainfall events during the active cyclonic (anticyclonic) vorticity phase on CS days. Overall, the rainfall anomalies are largely dominated by changes in the intensity on wet days rather than the number of wet days. These changes indicate the roles of the R1 wave vorticity phase in the rainfall distribution during CS days. The timing of enhancement and suppression of rain will provide additional valuable information to help improve forecast extreme weather events.
Nature-based solution for state park travelers’ self-rated mental health, emotional well-being, and life satisfaction: impact of national culture

ABSTRACT This study uncovers the complex inter-relations among natural environmental quality as nature-based solutions (NBS), emotional well-being, mental health, and life satisfaction in state park travelers’ behavioral intention formation. This research also explores the moderating influence of national culture. A quantitative approach was made by using the data collected from three distinct cultures (India, the United States, and Korea). The proposed theoretical framework contained a sufficient prediction power for intention. A vital role of study variables in life satisfaction and intention generation was evident. National culture moderates the relationship among constructs in India and Korea but not in the US.
Treatment of patients in the health care system and achievement of quality services

The health system is a normatively accepted position of the social community and the state in the area of protection and improvement of the health of the population, whereby all the factors that realize it work in an organized and constantly developing manner in terms of mutual division of labor, as integral parts of the general social system. It is a process that aims to achieve efficiency in the process of working with patients, in order to achieve their satisfaction. The main purpose of the research is to investigate, determine the direction in relation to patient satisfaction with the provided/received medical care/service, i.e. the quality of interaction, taking into account: medical staff, their attitude towards patients and the environment in the health facility. The responsibility for providing sufficient quality and quantity of health care rests with health care professionals including doctors, nurses/technicians, management, non-medical staff, but also health care users. Institutions must meet the demands of medical workers, but there must also be the will of the administration so that medical workers fulfill their obligations. 200 users of medical services in three Public Health Institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina participated in the survey of patient satisfaction with the quality and safety of medical services. A total of 200 examined patients filled out the questionnaire. In our work, 54.17% of patients of both sexes are satisfied with providing advice and a good way of treatment.
Fractional elliptic equations with critical exponential nonlinearity

Abstract We study the existence of positive solutions for fractional elliptic equations of the type (-Δ)1/2u = h(u), u > 0 in (-1,1), u = 0 in ℝ∖(-1,1) where h is a real valued function that behaves like eu2 as u → ∞ . Here (-Δ)1/2 is the fractional Laplacian operator. We show the existence of mountain-pass solution when the nonlinearity is superlinear near t = 0. In case h is concave near t = 0, we show the existence of multiple solutions for suitable range of λ by analyzing the fibering maps and the corresponding Nehari manifold.
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Drainase Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah Histosol di Rawa Gambut Tripa Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya

Abstrak. Pengelolaan tata air pada tanah gambut merupakan faktor kunci terwujudnya sistem pengelolaan tanah gambut berkelanjutan. Pengelolaan drainase yang tidak terkendali akibat dari penggunaan lahan yang tidak tepat dapat mempengaruhi beberapa sifat kimia tanah gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengelolaan drainase kecil, sedang, dan besar terhadap beberapa sifat kimia di Rawa Gambut Tripa Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Babahrot Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya pada drainase kecil, drainase sedang dan drainase besar di lahan Rawa Gambut Tripa. Parameter yang diamati terdiri dari beberapa sifat kimia tanah yang meliputi rasio C/N tanah, kation-kation basa tanah dapat ditukar (Ca, Mg, K, dan Na-dd). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rasio C/N tanah tergolong ke dalam kriteria sedang sampai sangat tinggi dengan rerata nilai 14,56 - 50,6%, nilai Ca-dd tergolong ke dalam kriteria rendah sampai sangat rendah dengan rerata nilai 0,32 - 4,6 cmol kg-1, nilai Mg-dd tergolong ke dalam kriteria rendah dengan rerata nilai 0,41 - 0,63 cmol kg-1, nilai K-dd tergolong ke dalam kriteria rendah dengan rerata nilai 0,1 - 0,25 cmol kg-1, nilai Na-dd tergolong ke dalam kriteria sangat rendah dengan rerata nilai 0,04 - 0,07 cmol kg-1. The Effect of Drainage Management on Some Chemical Properties of Histosol Soils in Tripa Peat Swamp, Southwest Aceh Abstract. Water management on peat soil is a key factor in realizing a sustainable peat soil management system. Uncontrolled drainage management as a result of inappropriate land use can affect some of the chemical properties of peat soil. This study aims to determine the effect of small, medium, and large drainage management on several chemical properties in the Tripa Peat Swamp, Southwest Aceh Regency. This research was carried out in Babahrot District, Southwest Aceh Regency on small drainage, medium drainage and large drainage on Tripa Peat Swamp land. The parameters observed consisted of several soil chemical properties including soil C/N ratio, exchangeable soil base cations (Ca, Mg, K, and Na-dd). The results showed that the C/N ratio of the soil was classified as moderate to very high with an average value of 14.56 - 50.6%, the Ca-dd value was classified into low to very low criteria with an average value of 0.32 – 4.6 cmol kg-1, the Mg-dd value belongs to the low criteria with an average value of 0.41 - 0.63 cmol kg-1, the K-dd value belongs to the low criteria with an average value of 0.1 - 0.25 cmol kg-1, the Na-dd value belongs to the very low criteria with an average value of 0.04 - 0.07 cmol kg-1.
Assessment of accuracy of BISAP score as a predictor of severe acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study

Background: The prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP) has increased in the past 20 years. Most patients with AP experience a clinical course that is mild and self-limited. However, 10% to 20% of patients develop a rapidly progressive inflammatory response necessitating prolonged length of hospital stay and high rates of morbidity and mortality. There are various scoring systems already in place to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis. However, they have significant drawbacks. Since the BISAP score offers the advantages of being inexpensive, rapid, and simple, we conducted this study to gauge its usefulness. Methods: This study enrolled 138 patients with AP admitted in surgical wards of McGann District Teaching Hospital, during a time period between January 2022 to June 2022, meeting the various inclusion criteria. Results: We found that the percentage of severity, necrosis, organ failure, death, and hospital stay increased as the BISAP score increased. In terms of sensitivity and specificity, the accuracy of the BISAP score for predicting severe acute pancreatitis was 76.2% and 63.4%. According to our study, patients with severe acute pancreatitis had BISAP scores of 3 or above. Conclusions: BISAP can be used to identify the patients who are at risk, and this information can serve as an early guidance for appropriate and necessary therapy, improving patient outcomes. Present study concludes the increased accuracy of BISAP score for risk stratification.
Construction of Some Simple Locally Finite Groups

We construct a proper class of simple locally finite groups. Namely for each infinite cardinal κ, we construct uncountably many pairwise non-isomorphic simple locally finite groups of cardinality κ, as a direct limit of finitary symmetric groups. The construction of the groups of similar kind for countably infinite order has been common knowledge as indicated in [2]. The countable ones are classified using the lattice of Steinitz numbers by Kroshko-Sushchansky in [3]. We give the classification of the uncountable ones by the pair, the cardinality of the group and the characteristic which corresponds to a Steinitz number. We study the structure of the centralizers of arbitrary elements in this new class of groups and correct some of the errors in the section about the centralizers of elements in S(ξ) in [3].
Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration

Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex illness of unknown aetiology. Emerging theories suggest ME/CFS may reflect a progressive, aberrant state of homeostasis caused by disturbances within the hypothalamus, yet few studies have investigated this using magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents with ME/CFS. We conducted a volumetric analysis to investigate whether whole and regional hypothalamus volumes in adolescents with ME/CFS differed compared to healthy controls, and whether these volumes were associated with fatigue severity and illness duration. 48 adolescents (25 ME/CFS, 23 controls) were recruited. Lateralised whole and regional hypothalamus volumes, including the anterior superior, superior tubular, posterior, anterior inferior and inferior tubular subregions, were calculated from T1 weighted images. When controlling for age, sex and intracranial volume, Bayesian linear regression revealed no evidence for differences in hypothalamus volumes between groups. However, in the ME/CFS group, a negative linear relationship between right anterior superior volumes and fatigue severity was identified, which was absent in controls. In addition, Bayesian ordinal regression revealed a likely-positive association between illness duration and right superior tubular volumes in the ME/CFS group. While these findings suggest overall comparability in regional and whole hypothalamus volumes between adolescents with ME/CFS and controls, preliminary evidence was identified to suggest greater fatigue and longer illness duration were associated with greater right anterior superior and superior tubular volumes, respectively. These regions contain the anterior and superior divisions of the paraventricular nucleus, involved in the neuroendocrine response to stress, suggesting involvement in ME/CFS pathophysiology. However, replication in a larger, longitudinal cohort is required.
Evaluating the Relationship between Psychological Traits and Resilience to Musculoskeletal Injuries in Combat Control Graduates by Mendelian Randomization

U.S. Air Force combat control (CCT) personnel are a group of highly trained personnel performing a wide range of aviation-related tasks in contested combat environments. Certified by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration to conduct air traffic control operations, CCTs are required to maintain high levels of alertness and perform complex tasks in high stress, high threat environments. Those CCTs who complete training are in exceptional physical, psychological, and cognitive fitness, however nearly 70% of CCT candidates will develop some form of musculoskeletal injury (MSI) during training. Using only open-source summary statistics results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on civilian populations, we report our findings from two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates evaluating the causal relationships between personality and psychological strengths associated with success in the CCT training program and MSI. We used the TwoSampleMR R-package and GWAS statistics obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project with instrumental variables extracted at GWAS-significant and suggestive thresholds (P < 5x10-8 and 5x10-5, respectively). Back pain and dislocations were the most common outcomes caused by personality and psychological traits. Altogether more than 150 MSI outcomes were identified with causes related to psychological traits associated with successfully completing combat control training. The implications of our results suggest that the combat control training program, and by extension other special operations training programs, could encounter fewer injuries by encouraging utilization of embedded psychological assets.
Using Neural Networks to Model Main Belt Asteroid Albedos as a Function of Their Proper Orbital Elements

Asteroid diameters are traditionally difficult to estimate. When a direct measurement of the diameter cannot be made through either occultation or direct radar observations, the most common method is to approximate the diameter from infrared observations. Once the diameter is known, a comparison with visible light observations can be used to find the visible geometric albedo of the body. One of the largest data sets of asteroid albedos comes from the NEOWISE mission, which measured asteroid albedos both in the visible and infrared. We model these albedos as a function of proper orbital elements available from the Asteroid Families Portal using an ensemble of neural networks. We find that both the visible and infrared geometric albedos are significantly correlated with asteroid position in the belt and occur in both asteroid families and in the background belt. We find that the ensemble’s prediction reduces the average error in the albedo by about 37% compared to a model that simply adopts an average albedo with no regard for the dynamical state of the body. We then use this model to predict albedos for the half million main belt asteroids with proper orbital elements available in the Asteroid Families Portal and provide the results in a catalog. Finally, we show that several presently categorized asteroid families exist within much larger groups of asteroids of similar albedos—this may suggest that further improvements in family identification can be made.
Opening up new niche dimensions: The stoichiometry of soil microarthropods in European beech and Norway spruce forests

Abstract Niche theory fundamentally contributed to the understanding of animal diversity. However, in soil, the diversity of animals seems enigmatic since the soil is a rather homogeneous habitat, and soil animals are often generalist feeders. A new approach to understand soil animal diversity is the use of ecological stoichiometry. The elemental composition of animals may explain their occurrence, distribution, and density. This approach has been used before in soil macrofauna, but this study is the first to investigate soil mesofauna. Using inductively coupled plasma optic emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES), we analyzed the concentration of a wide range of elements (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn) in 15 soil mite taxa (Oribatida, Mesostigmata) from the litter of two different forest types (beech, spruce) in Central Europe (Germany). Additionally, the concentration of carbon and nitrogen, and their stable isotope ratios (15N/14N, 13C/12C), reflecting their trophic niche, were measured. We hypothesized that (1) stoichiometry differs between mite taxa, (2) stoichiometry of mite taxa occurring in both forest types is not different, and (3) element composition is correlated to trophic level as indicated by 15N/14N ratios. The results showed that stoichiometric niches of soil mite taxa differed considerably indicating that elemental composition is an important niche dimension of soil animal taxa. Further, stoichiometric niches of the studied taxa did not differ significantly between the two forest types. Calcium was negatively correlated with trophic level indicating that taxa incorporating calcium carbonate in their cuticle for defense occupy lower trophic positions in the food web. Furthermore, a positive correlation of phosphorus with trophic level indicated that taxa higher in the food web have higher energetic demand. Overall, the results indicate that ecological stoichiometry of soil animals is a promising tool for understanding their diversity and functioning.
Association between low internal health locus of control, psychological distress and insulin resistance. An exploratory study

Aim To assess the hypothesis that low internal health locus of control (IHLC) and psychological distress (PD) are associated with insulin resistance. Materials and methods In 2002–2005, a random population sample of 2,816 men and women aged 30–74 years participated (76%) in two municipalities in southwestern Sweden. This study included 2,439 participants without previously known diabetes or cardiovascular disease. IHLC was measured by a global scale and PD was measured by the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Insulin resistance was estimated using HOMA-ir. General linear models were used to estimate differences in HOMA-ir between groups with low IHLC, PD, and both low IHLC and PD, respectively. Results Five per cent (n = 138) had both PD and low IHLC, 62 per cent of participants (n = 1509) had neither low IHLC nor PD, 18 per cent (n = 432) had PD, and 15 per cent (n = 360) low IHLC. Participants with both low IHLC and PD had significantly higher HOMA-ir than participants with neither low IHLC nor PD (Δ = 24.8%, 95%CI: 12.0–38.9), also in the fully adjusted model (Δ = 11.8%, 95%CI: 1.5–23.0). Participants with PD had significantly higher HOMA-ir (Δ = 12%, 95%CI: 5.7–18.7), but the significance was lost when BMI was included in the model (Δ = 5.3%, 95%CI:0.0–10.8). Similarly, participants with low IHLC had significantly higher HOMA-ir (Δ = 10.1%, 95%CI: 3.5–17.0) but the significance was lost in the fully adjusted model (Δ = 3.5%, 95%CI: -1.9–9.3). Conclusions Internal health locus of control (IHLC) and psychological distress (PD) were associated with insulin resistance. Especially individuals with both PD and low IHLC may need special attention.
Does laparoscopic treatment of deep endometriosis improve sexual dysfunction

Background: Endometriosis is one of the common gynecological problems during the reproductive years, affecting the quality of life, fertility, and sexual function of women. It is known that sexual dysfunction and quality of life are interrelated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of resection of endometriosis lesions via laparoscopic surgery on the improvement of sexual dysfunction in women with endometriosis. Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 30 patients with endometriosis. The Female Sexual Function Index, Endometriosis Health Profile-30, and Visual Analog Scale were completed for the patients before laparoscopic surgery and three, six, and 12 months after surgery. The results were examined and compared before and after the intervention using the ANOVA test. Results: The present results showed that the mean pain score of the patients (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and pelvic pain) was significant after laparoscopic surgery (P<0.005). The female sexual function improved after laparoscopic surgery compared to the preoperative phase, and changes in the domains of psychological stimulation, humidity, and sexual orgasm were significant (P<0.005). Moreover, the female quality of life scores increased in all dimensions compared to the preoperative phase, although these improvements were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The present results revealed that laparoscopic surgery is an effective treatment, leading to a considerable improvement in female sexual function.
Different spatial structure of plant‐associated fungal communities above‐ and belowground

Abstract The distribution and community assembly of above‐ and belowground microbial communities associated with individual plants remain poorly understood, despite its consequences for plant–microbe interactions and plant health. Depending on how microbial communities are structured, we can expect different effects of the microbial community on the health of individual plants and on ecosystem processes. Importantly, the relative role of different factors will likely differ with the scale examined. Here, we address the driving factors at a landscape level, where each individual unit (oak trees) is accessible to a joint species pool. This allowed to quantify the relative effect of environmental factors and dispersal on the distribution of two types of fungal communities: those associated with the leaves and those associated with the soil of Quercus robur trees in a landscape in southwestern Finland. Within each community type, we compared the role of microclimatic, phenological, and spatial variables, and across community types, we examined the degree of association between the respective communities. Most of the variation in the foliar fungal community was found within trees, whereas soil fungal community composition showed positive spatial autocorrelation up to 50 m. Microclimate, tree phenology, and tree spatial connectivity explained little variation in the foliar and soil fungal communities. Foliar and soil fungal communities differed strongly in community structure, with no significant concordance detected between them. We provide evidence that foliar and soil fungal communities assemble independent of each other and are structured by different ecological processes.
Thyroid Storm in Lupus: A Rare Cause of Unrelenting Pyrexia

Systemic lupus erythematosus may present with fever, and it is a challenge to attribute fever to a particular cause. Very rarely it can be due to hyperthyroidism. Thyroid storm is a medical emergency causing unrelenting pyrexia. Here we report a case of a young female who first presented as fever of unknown origin (FUO), was subsequently diagnosed as neuropsychiatric lupus, and in whom the cause of unrelenting high fever, which did not respond to adequate immunosuppression to quell disease activity, was documented to be thyroid storm after excluding all other causes such as infection and malignancy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of this kind reported in literature, although cases of thyrotoxicosis preceding or following the diagnosis of lupus is known. Her fever resolved after starting antithyroid drugs and beta blockers.