Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Market Orientation on Innovation Orientation of Manufacturing SMEs in the Accra Metropolis , Ghana

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business 40 Abstract This study was designed to examine the role of market orientation on innovation orientation of manufacturing SMEs in the Accra Metropolis, Ghana. SMEs have been touted by many economies as the backbone for their growth and hence, economic development. Nonetheless, many seem to struggle in gaining access to market and appropriate technology required for expansion. In the light of this, this study investigated this issue within the context of a developing nation, Ghana. The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative. The simple random sampling technique was adopted to select 346 manufacturing SMEs from the sample frame obtained from NBSSI, while PLS-SEM was employed to analyze the correlation between market orientation and innovation orientation. The study revealed that customer orientation and inter-functional coordination had significantly positive relationships with innovation orientation. Nonetheless, competitor orientation did not have a significant relationship with innovation orientation. This shows that manufacturing SMEs that search and satisfy the needs of customers and also share information about customers across their organizations stand tall in improving their operational processes, products and market activities.
Cover crops and tillage effects on carbon–nitrogen pools: A lysimeter study

Cover crops (CCs) and tillage practices influence C and N pools in soil, which can affect dissolved organic C (DOC) and N leaching from agricultural fields. Previous studies on cover crops have focused mostly on nitrate leaching and total C (TC). Therefore, a study was conducted in southern Illinois from 2015 to 2018 to evaluate the effects of tillage systems (conventional till [CT] and no‐tillage [NT]) and CCs on C and N pools including water‐extractable C (WEC), permanganate oxidizable C (POXC), TC, water‐extractable N (WEN), and total N (TN) in soil and on TN and DOC leaching collected with zero‐tension lysimeters. Crop rotations included were corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] rotation without winter CC (C–S), corn–cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)–soybean–hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) (C–R–S–HV), corn–cereal rye–soybean–oat + radish (Avena sativa L.+ Raphanus sativus L.) (C–R–S–OR). The WEC decreased over time under CT system at a depth to 0–15 cm in rotation C–R–S–OR having cereal rye and oat + radish CCs. The POXC at depths of 15–30 and 30–45 cm increased significantly over time from fall 2015 to spring 2018 for all rotations under both tillage systems. The cumulative DOC leaching was greater in C–R–S–HV rotation than in C–S rotation in fall 2015 and spring 2018. Inclusion of cereal rye in C–R–S–HV and C–R–S–OR rotations reduced cumulative TN leaching compared with the C–S having no CC in spring 2018. Increased DOC leaching losses with the introduction of CC should be addressed and need further evaluation for its impact on C cycling in surface and subsurface waters.
BEHAVIOR OF INFLATABLE DAMS UNDER HYDROSTATIC CONDITIONS

Inflatable dams are flexible cylindrical inflatable and deflatable structures made of rubberized material attached to a rigid base and inflated by air, water, or a combination of air/water. The interest in inflatable dams is increasing because of the ease of placement and construction. In this study the behavior of air or water-inflated dams is physically and theoretically analyzed under different conditions of internal pressure, upstream and downstream water depth. Experimental data obtained on a laboratory test facility for air-inflated and water-inflated dams were presented and compared with the theoretical results estimated from a developed computer program describing height, cross-sectional profiles and cross-sectional areas of the dams. Good agreement was obtained between the theoretical and experimental results. Further theoretical analyses were conducted to investigate the behavior of the dams under different conditions.
An introduction to the APA’s Panel on International Developments in Polygraphy

Improvements in polygraph decision accuracy can be obtained by adding new physiological data channels to the existing polygraph. One well researched source of useful and independent physiological data is the vasomotor response, a form of vascular activity that is sensitive to activation of the sympathetic nervous system. The vasomotor response can be detected using an off-the-shelf sensor called the photoplethysmograph, and when scored with the other channels, adds diagnostic information to the polygraph decision process (Rovner 1986, Podlesny & Raskin 1978, Raskin & Hare 1978). The present paper sets out to provide a brief summary of the physiology, history, and research associated with the vasomotor response, and includes how-to recommendations for using the photoplethysmograph during polygraph examinations.
Coupling text structure and self-regulated strategy instruction for ESL primary school students’ writing outcomes

Enlightened by the implied potential of coupling text structure knowledge and self-regulated strategies to enhance writing, this study explored the possible effects of a onemonth multicomponent intervention combining text structure with self-regulation training on writing. Target participants consisted of 178 primary school sixth-grade students learning English as a second language (ESL). Among them, 45 students received text structure instruction plus self-regulation strategy development (TSI+SRSD), 45 received text structure instruction only (TSI), 45 received SRSD only, and 43 were in a control group. Dependent variables were learners’ abilities to summarize main ideas and write essays. As expected, TSI instruction or SRSD instruction resulted in better writing outcomes (i.e., summarizing main ideas and writing essays). This study contributes to research on self-regulated writing development by providing evidence that the TSI+SRSD intervention was particularly effective in enhancing primary school ESL students’ abilities to summarize main ideas and write essays. This instructional approach seems promising in ameliorating ESL young learners’ writing ability and minimizing struggling writers’ compositional difficulties. Relevant implications for language education are also discussed.
Burn angles and form factors for Wiebe function fits to mass fraction burned curves of a spark ignition engine with variable valve timing

Abstract The charge burn characteristics of a port-injected spark ignition engine with a pent-roof combustion chamber and variable valve timing have been investigated experimentally. The engine was run under stoichiometric mixture operating conditions over ranges of intake and exhaust valve timings, engine speed, and engine load. Empirical functions have been developed for the 0–90 per cent mass fraction burned angle and the form factor, which define Wiebe function fits to the mass fraction burned variation in the crank angle domain. The burn angle and form factor have been related to the level of charge dilution by burned gas, engine speed, ignition timing, and charge density at spark timing. The dilution level has the strongest influence on the burn rate and profile. The dilution level varied with intake and exhaust valve timings, external exhaust gas recirculation, and engine load. The results indicate that intake and exhaust valve timings influence combustion primarily by modifying the charge dilution with burned gas and charge density.
The effect of powdery mildew infection of grape berries on juice and wine composition and on sensory properties of Chardonnay wines

The composition of juice and wine made from Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes with increasing levels of powdery mildew infection was assessed over two vintages (2000 and 2001). Chardonnay juice and wine made from grape lots with 0 %, 1-5 %, 10-30 % and 31-100 % of bunches visually infected with powdery mildew showed an increase in titratable acidity, total phenolics, hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids with increasing level of infection. In vintage 2001, Chardonnay bunches with greater than 30% powdery mildew infection had lower total soluble solids (TSS) than lower infection categories and healthy grapes. Powdery mildew infection of Cabernet Sauvignon bunches (1-20%) also resulted in lower TSS, and in lower wine phenolic concentration and spectral colour values compared with healthy grapes. The total microbial population was higher on powdery mildew affected Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes than on healthy grapes. Sensory descriptive analysis of Chardonnay wines from the 2001 vintage showed that wines made from grapes with powdery mildew infection were rated higher in 'oily' and 'viscosity' attributes than wines made from disease-free grapes. Other sensory attribute differences were also apparent, but these were likely to be related to differences in fermentation rate or secondary compositional effects of the powdery mildew infection, notably differing TSS and acidity in the juice. No mouldy or 'off aromas' were associated with wine made from infected grapes. Nevertheless, the study indicated that even very low levels of infection appear to be detrimental to wine sensory characteristics.
Automatic Follow-up Question Generation for Asynchronous Interviews

The user experience of an asynchronous video interview system is often deemed non-interactive and one-sided. Interview candidates anticipate them to be natural and coherent like a traditional face-to-face interview. One aspect of improving the interaction is by asking relevant follow-up questions based on the previously asked questions, and its answers. We propose a follow-up question generation model capable of generating relevant and diverse follow-up questions. We develop a 3D virtual interviewing system, Maya , equipped with follow-up question generator. Many existing asynchronous interviewing systems pose questions that are ﬁxed and scripted. Maya , on the contrary, reacts with relevant follow-up questions, a relatively unexplored dimen-sion in virtual interviewing systems. We leverage the implicit knowledge from deep pre-trained language models along with a small corpus of interview questions to generate rich and diverse follow-up questions in natural language. The generated questions achieve 77% relevance with human evaluation. We compare our follow-up question generation model with strong baselines of neural network and rule-based systems and show that it produces better quality questions.
Haak-Saheem, Washika and Darwish, Tamer K (2014). The Role of Knowledge Management in Creating a Culture of Learning: The Case of Dubai

Purpose: The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the role of knowledge management in creating a culture of learning and creativity in a non-Western context. It further seeks to stimulate broader empirical and theoretical discussions on the topic. Design/Methodology/Approach: As little is known about knowledge management approaches in our regional context, the qualitative approach was chosen as an appropriate method of studying this phenomenon. The openness of the qualitative method enables data collection that is not constrained by predetermined categories of analysis, and thus allows for a level of depth and detail that quantitative methods cannot provide. Our empirical investigation is based on semi-structured interviews and conducted in the Knowledge Management Department of Dubai Municipality. Findings: Results indicate that the impact of knowledge management on organisational learning is below expectations. Written official statements or policies are not sufficient to enforce learning and creativity. Notably, institutional changes at the extreme produce conditions that might reduce the rate of organizational learning. The role of knowledge management is to develop context specific strategies to embrace learning and creativity. Practical implications: In light of the institutional structures, our findings on knowledge management and organisational learning provide managers guidance in making decisions under extremely uncertain institutional settings. Originality/Value: Knowledge management and organisational learning have been discussed within organisational and management research; however, the majority of these studies adopt a Westernbased perspective. This paper contributes to our understanding of the relationship between knowledge management and organisational learning in an emerging market setting, which has so far received insufficient attention.
Optimal Predictive Clustering

Interpretability is an important part of building machine learning models. However, current interpretable machine learning methods can still improve in the areas of either out-of-sample performance or scalability. To address this, we combine clustering algorithms and linear regression to propose Optimal Predictive Clustering (OPC). By solving a mixed-integer optimization problem utilizing strong warm starts, we are able to ﬁnd near-optimal clusters at high speeds while learning eﬀective cluster-speciﬁc regression models. We also cluster points using both X and y values, which allows the clusters we ﬁnd to be better suited for prediction tasks. We compare OPC, Lasso regression, Classiﬁcation and Regression Trees (CART), Optimal Regression Trees (ORT, ORT-L), and XGBoost on 20 real-world datasets and show that OPC has a performance edge over all other interpretable methods, while also achieving better scaling than current state-of-the-art interpretable regression methods.
Electromechanical modeling and properties of the electret film EMFI

An electromechanical film can be manufactured with different thickness and elasticity. The thickness for sensor and actuator applications is typically between 30 and 70 /spl mu/m. The film is modeled using a simplified structure, which shows the reciprocity of the sensor and actuator operation models. The value of the transducer constant depends on the ambient temperature and increases at higher temperatures. During aging the transducer constant begins to decrease permanently at 323 K, but some sensitivity remains even at 333 K. Corona charging that gives a sensitivity value /spl sim/200 pCN/sup -1/ for HS01 type film is preferred over electron beam charging. The development of such films is aimed at sensor and actuator applications. An interesting field is the active control of sound where flat and efficient microphones and loudspeakers are needed.
Study of Interfacial Tension Between Oil and Surfactant Polymer Flooding

Abstract Surfactant polymer flooding is an important technology for enhancing oil recovery. It is generally thought that the lower the interfacial tension (IFT) between the combination flooding and oil is the higher oil recovery is. Some physical stimulation experiments have been conducted to show that a system with low IFT could bring better oil recovery than one with ultralow IFT in heterogeneous reservoirs. Emulsion experiments and visual experiments have also been carried out to determine the reason. This article presents results of those experiments and gives the possible mechanism of those results.
Pediatric Feeding Disorder—Consensus Definition and Conceptual Framework

Pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs) lack a universally accepted definition. Feeding disorders require comprehensive assessment and treatment of 4 closely related, complementary domains (medical, psychosocial, and feeding skill-based systems and associated nutritional complications). Previous diagnostic paradigms have, however, typically defined feeding disorders using the lens of a single professional discipline and fail to characterize associated functional limitations that are critical to plan appropriate interventions and improve quality of life. Using the framework of the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, a unifying diagnostic term is proposed: ‘‘Pediatric Feeding Disorder’’ (PFD), defined as impaired oral intake that is not age-appropriate, and is associated with medical, nutritional, feeding skill, and/or psychosocial dysfunction. By incorporating associated functional limitations, the proposed diagnostic criteria for PFD should enable practitioners and researchers to better characterize the needs of heterogeneous patient populations, facilitate inclusion of all relevant disciplines in treatment planning, and promote the use of common, precise, terminology necessary to advance clinical practice, research, and health-care policy.
Dispersal movements by subadult American black bears in Virginia

Dispersal plays an important role in the population dynamics of large carnivores; however, dispersal by subadult American black bears (Ursus americanus) is poorly understood in Virginia, as well as in North America. Thus, during 1999-2002, we studied the movements of 31 (llM:20F) subadult black bears bor on 2 study areas in western Virginia and 70 (44M:26F) subadult bears captured during the summer on the study areas. No radiomarked, natal-captured, subadult female bears exhibited dispersal behavior while 3 of 11 (27%) radiomarked, natal-captured, subadult males dispersed. Natal-captured and summer-captured male bears moved greater distances than females from yearling den location and summer-capture locations. The longest subadult male movement was 80 km (x = 13.4 km, range = 0.6-80.0 km), and dispersal movements primarily occurred within the 1 and 2year-old age classes. Direction of movement between initial and final locations for dispersing bears was not random; bears appeared to follow the orientation of the predominant ridgelines and avoided leaving the national forest. All known mortality of dispersing and non-dispersing bears was due to harvest. Lack of female dispersal may require managers to control local harvest of females to provide for continued reproduction and growth in some areas.
Storage of tomato powder in different packaging materials

The study was conducted to find out suitable packaging materials for the storage of tomato powder having a good potential as the substitute of raw tomato pulp. The mature tomato slices were pretreated in salt solution of 1% calcium chloride (CaCl2) and 0.2% potassium metabisulphite (KMS) for 10 minutes. The slices were dried at 60 0 C for 26 hours in cabinet drier and milled into tomato powder. The tomato powder was packed in Laminated Aluminum Foil (LAF), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), and Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE) and stored for six months. It was observed that the moisture absorption by the tomato powder was lower through LAF (0.13%) as compared to the HDPE (1%) and MDPE (1.33%). The degradation rate of protein (4%) and fat (0.24%) of the powder through LAF was lower than that of HDPE (5.61% protein and 0.47% fat) and MDPE (5.76% protein and 0.52% fat). The loss of vitamin C (20.79 mg/100g), lycopene (17.15 mg/100g), and β-carotene (2852.55 μg/100g) was found in LAF pouch. On the contrary, the degradation of vitamin C (30.34 mg/100g and 29.25 mg/100g), lycopene (18.21 mg/100g and 17.89 mg/100g), and β-carotene (3810.09 μg/100g and 3279.66 μg/100g) was found in MDPE and HDPE respectively. Again, the microbial load in terms of bacteria (3.12 × 10 2 ) and fungi (7.87 × 10 2 ) in the tomato powder packed in LAF was only at acceptable level during the storage period of six months. Considering the results found it can be concluded that the tomato powder should be preserved for maximum 6 months in LAF at ambient temperature by applying pre-treatment with a salt solution of 1% CaCl2 + 0.2% KMS prior to drying at 60 0 C.
Resisting Broken Windows: The Effect of Neighborhood Disorder on Political Behavior

Concurrent housing and opioid crises have increased exposure to street-crime, homelessness and addiction in American cities. What are the political consequences of this increased neighborhood disorder? We examine a change in social context following the relocation of homelessness and drug treatment services in Boston. In 2014, an unexpected bridge closing forced nearly 1,000 people receiving emergency shelter or addiction treatment to relocate from an island in the Boston Harbor to mainland Boston, causing sustained increases in drug-use, loitering, and other features of neighborhood disorder. Residents near the relocation facilities mobilized to maintain order in their community. In the subsequent Mayoral election, their turnout grew 9 percentage points while participation in state and national elections was unchanged. Moreover, increased turnout favored the incumbent Mayor, consistent with voter learning about candidate quality following local shocks. Voters responded to neighborhood changes at the relevant electoral scale and rewarded responsive politicians.
Sorption and Desorption of Phenanthrene to Black Carbon on Crop Soil from the South-North Water Diversion Project in China

The water quality of South-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) has attracted more and more attention. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils strongly sorb to black carbon. In this study, adsorption and desorption characteristics and isotherm of phenanthrene to black carbon in SNWDP crop soils were studied extensively. The results showed that the sorption and desorption of phenanthrene to black carbon were nonlinear. Freundlich model could fit the sorption and desorption data of BC well. Meantime, desorption process exhibited varied apparent sorption-desorption hysteresis. It can be inferred that BC of crop soils in SNWDP plays a significant role in reducing the bioavailability and toxicity of phenanthrene through sorption capacity and desorption hysteresis.