Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Menghitung Pembagian Faraid (Waris) Dengan Metode Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil (KPK) Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

Mempelajari Ilmu Faraid atau ilmu mawaris merupakan kewajiban fardhu kifayah bagi setiap muslim. Ilmu ini membahas tentang bagian-bagian harta warisan pada seseorang yang meninggal dunia. Belajar faraid dapat bernilai ibadah bagi yang mempelajarinya. Islam memberikan perlindungan penuh kepada harta benda yang akan dimiliki oleh manusia, baik ketika manusia itu masih hidup ataupun sudah meninggal dunia. Ketika manusia masih hidup, maka kepemilikan harta benda pada manusia dilindungi oleh aturan islam secara tegas. Agama Islam memberikan sanksi tegas kepada setiap orang yang akan mengambil dan merusak harta benda orang lain tanpa ada alasan yang menjadi haknya. Ketika manusia tersebut meninggal dunia, maka Agama Islam juga mengatur berpindahnya harta benda tersebut secara jelas melalui ilmu mawaris atau ilmu faraid. Ilmu ini berhubungan dengan Matematika yang memiliki peran yang sangat penting pada kehidupan manusia dalam melahirkan berbagai disiplin ilmu seperti fisika, kimia, biologi, dan berbagai disiplin keilmuan lainnya termasuk Faraid. Sehingga tidak heran jika zaman sekarang ini ilmu matematika berkembang sangat pesat seiring dengan kemajuan zaman dan tuntutan manusia akan belbagi kemajuan diberbagai bidang kehidupan, sehingga tidak berlebihan jika matematika bisa dijuluki sebagai Queen Of Science. Salah satu dari ilmu Matematika yang digunakan dalam pembagian waris yaitu Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil (KPK).
Distributed observer design for interconnected nonlinear systems with faults and disturbances based on dynamic event conditions

This study investigated the observer design schemes for interconnected nonlinear systems with actuator faults, sensor faults, external disturbances, and limited measured resources. A novel effective distributed estimation scheme is presented for the interconnected nonlinear system to estimate the states, faults, and lumped disturbances, simultaneously. To save communication resources and to improve information utilization, an adaptive event condition is designed in the sensor channel, and the triggered values are utilized to design the observer. Especially, to handle the sensor fault, the output is separated into two parts, and the estimation is realized with the help of a normal one. In the first part of this study, a class of interconnected nonlinear systems with partial loss of effectiveness of sensor fault is considered, and an event‐based distributed estimation scheme is established. In the second part, a class of more universal feedback interconnected nonlinear with both partial loss sensor fault and bias sensor fault is investigated. An augment system is formulated by an augmented vector composed of state and sensor faults. And then the estimation scheme is realized by utilizing the presented event‐based distributed observer. The convergence abilities of both the two conditions are proved and, finally, the estimation performances of the presented observer are verified by a numerical simulation system and an inverted pendulum system.
Ultralocal Model-Free Adaptive Supertwisting Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Magnetic Levitation System

The magnetic levitation technology has attracted blooming attention from all walks of life thanks to its superiorities such as noncontact and active control. While the intrinsic features of open-loop instability and strong nonlinearity, along with the uncertain external disturbance make the levitation control particularly significant and difficult. For speeding up the convergence and obtaining a better stability and disturbance robustness, this article proposes an ultralocal model-free adaptive supertwisting nonsingular terminal sliding mode control strategy for the magnetic levitation system. Different from the conventional model-based control, ultralocal model-free control breaks the constraint of a precise system model. Therefore, an improved second-order ultralocal model is established for the magnetic levitation system. For the benefit of finite time convergence and nonsingularity, the nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is chosen. As a second-order algorithm, supertwisting (ST) algorithm can fundamentally suppress the chattering effect of the sliding mode control. An adaptive ST algorithm is designed for the further improvement of the system dynamic response. The stability of the proposed scheme is strictly verified based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation and experimental comparisons with the existing control methods validate the exceeding performance of the proposed strategy under various operating conditions.
Simulation of Polarimetric Radar Variables from 2013 CAPS Spring Experiment Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecasts and Evaluation of Microphysics Schemes

AbstractPolarimetric radar variables are simulated from members of the 2013 Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecasts (SSEF) with varying microphysics (MP) schemes and compared with observations. The polarimetric variables provide information on hydrometeor types and particle size distributions (PSDs), neither of which can be obtained through reflectivity (Z) alone. The polarimetric radar simulator pays close attention to how each MP scheme [including single- (SM) and double-moment (DM) schemes] treats hydrometeor types and PSDs. The recent dual-polarization upgrade to the entire WSR-88D network provides nationwide polarimetric observations, allowing for direct evaluation of the simulated polarimetric variables.Simulations for a mesoscale convective system (MCS) and supercell cases are examined. Five different MP schemes—Thompson, DM Milbrandt and Yau (MY), DM Morrison, WRF DM 6-category (WDM6), and WRF SM 6-category (WSM6)—are used in the ensemble forecasts. Forec.
Scaling of Tip Vortex Cavitation Inception Noise With a Bubble Dynamics Model Accounting for Nucleus Size Distribution

A Surface-Averaged Pressure (SAP) spherical bubble dynamics model accounting for a statistical nuclei size distribution was used to model the acoustic signals generated by cavitating bubbles near inception in a tip vortex flow. The flow field generated by finite-span elliptic hydrofoils is obtained by Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes computations. An “acoustic” criterion which defines the cavitation inception by counting the number of acoustical signal peaks that exceed a certain level per unit time was applied to deduce the cavitation inception number for different scales. It was found that the larger scale results in more cavitation inception events per unite time because more nuclei are excited by the tip vortex at the larger scale. The nuclei size was seen to have an important effect on cavitation inception number with scaling effects due to nuclei increasing as nuclei sizes decreases.Copyright © 2003 by ASME
Indonesia’s Youth Unemployment Rate: Evidence from Sakernas Data

Unemployment is a problem that is often faced by every country, including Indonesia. The phenomenon of unemployment in Indonesia shows that a highly educated population does not necessarily have a job, especially in the young age group. This study aims to determine the factors that affect young educated unemployment in Indonesia. This study used variable levels of education, training, experience, major of education, gender, geographical area and urban/rural classification. Using the National Labour Force Survey (SAKERNAS) 2019, provided by Central Statistical Agency, this research employs a logistic regression model. The results showed that 50.99% of the young educated people in Indonesia did not have a job. All variables in this study have a significant effect on young educated unemployment in Indonesia. The quality of education needs to be improved so that the competitiveness of the Indonesian workforce increases, and self-development programs can help reduce the youth-educated unemployment rate.
Image haze removal using block-based multiscale enhancement method

An image haze removal algorithm based on multiscale block-rooting processing has been developed for removing haze/fog from an image based on frequency-domain coefficient correction of a set of images followed by their fusion based on the Laplacian pyramid. A new stage is proposed in obtaining a local-global estimate of high-contrast images, which are also used in the general fusion model. The proposed block-based multiscale enhancement method base on 3-D block-rooting multiscale transform domain technique, comprising: finding similar blocks in the image by block-matching; block-grouping for different block sizes; applying 3-D block-matching parametric image enhancement; calculating the quality measure of enhancement; optimizing parameters of image enhancement method through the quality measure of enhancement; fusing different enhanced images. To test the performance of the proposed algorithm, the public database O-HAZE is used.
The Continuum of Racial Literacies: Teacher Practices Countering Whitestream Bilingual Education

An equitable education for linguistically minoritized and racialized-Othered youth fosters their biliteracy and critical consciousness about racial ideologies. Yet little is known about how or whether secondary-level dual-language bilingual-education programs and teachers seek to enhance students’ critical consciousness—especially as a means of grappling with racist ideologies. Drawing together literacy and race studies in education, I theorize a continuum of racial literacies, then employ it to examine dual-language curriculum and instruction practices. I use interview and classroom-observation data to reveal that a racially diverse dual-language program offered more racial-literacy practices on the hegemonic end of the continuum than the counterhegemonic end. Using teachers’ practices as an index of their program’s stance on racial literacy, I argue that the program provided a whitestream bilingual education: it offered biliteracy schooling through hegemonic racial-literacy practices that perpetuate white supremacy. The teachers’ successes and challenges speak to the need for structural attention to resources, training, and program-wide support for critical-racial-literacy practices. I conclude the article by joining calls for bilingual education to enhance youths’ critical-racial consciousness, adding racial to signal the need to be intentional in teaching about and countering racism, colonialism, and imperialism.
Relationship of Sexual Violence to Depression in Female Students of Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University

Background: Sexual violence can take many forms to anyone. The increase in the number of sexual violence against women in Indonesia is quite significant. These incidents are reported to occur frequently in women in young adulthood. These experiences can have long-term effects, one of which is depression. There are several studies that show an association between sexual violence and the incidence of depression. However, there has not been much quantitative research to look at the relationship on this matter in Indonesia, especially on female students. This study aims to understand the relationship between sexual violence and the incidence of depression in female students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan.Methods: This study use a cross-sectional study design. The data has been collected using questionnaires filled in by the respondents. This study involved 149 female students of the Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University. The results of the study were processed and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.Result: Based on research data, there are 149 respondents from female students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan. with a mean age of 19.29 (SD = 1.086). The youngest age of the respondent is 17 years old and the oldest is 24 years old. A total of 55 respondents had experienced sexual violence. Based on the results of the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire, 16% had mild depression, 9% had moderate depression, and 2% had severe depression. Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between experiences of sexual violence and the incidence of depression, with p <0.001. Conclusions: Sexual violence is related to the incidence of depression in female students of the Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University.
Variability of Seminal Roots Angle in Some European Winter Wheat Cultivars

Root system traits are important for soil exploration and using soil resources. Wheat root system architecture is closely related to seminal roots axis angle in the seedlings stage. We tested several wheat cultivars with previously known different responses to drought. There was a significant variability between the studied genotypes for seminal roots angle. Western Europe cultivars had angles above 84º, while Romanian cultivars showed a large variability. The simple technique that we used allows breeding to improve wheat root architecture, for a better use of water and nutrients in different water availability conditions.
Cross-linguistic differences in predicting L2 sentence structure: The use of categorical and gradient verb constraints

Abstract This study investigates whether cross-linguistic differences affect how adult second language (L2) learners use different types of verb subcategorization information for prediction in real-time sentence comprehension. Using visual world eye-tracking, we tested if first language (L1) German and L1 Turkish intermediate-to-advanced learners of L2 English make use of categorical and gradient probabilistic selectional information of ditransitive verbs to predict whether the verbs would be followed by prepositional-object or double-object dative constructions. L1 German learners used both categorical (“pay/*donate the woman the money”) and gradient (“pay/#send the woman the money”) constraints for prediction in a target-like manner. In contrast, L1 Turkish learners were delayed in recruiting categorical verb information and were only selectively sensitive to gradient verb information. We argue that target-like predictive processing across categorical and gradient verb information is attainable for L2 learners, but differences in L1-L2 word order may curtail the utility of prediction by verb subcategorization information in L2 processing.
Effects of Pitaya Peel Supplementation on Nutritional Quality, Overall Sensory Acceptance, In Vitro Glycemic Index, and Antioxidant Release from Fiber-Enriched Cookies

Pitaya peel is a by-product of fruit processing. In this study, the effects of pitaya peel supplementation in the cookie recipe on the nutritional quality, in vitro glycemic index, and antioxidant release from the enriched fiber cookies were investigated. The higher the ratio of pitaya peel powder (PPP) in the recipe, the greater the dietary fiber, betacyanin and phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of the product. Cookies supplemented with 10–25% PPP were classified as having a low glycemic index, ranging from 51.9 to 45.7 in relation to glucose reference. The release of betacyanins, phenolics, and antioxidant activities from the cookie samples was recorded at the salivary, gastric, intestinal, and colon steps during in vitro sequential digestion, and the gastric digestion showed the highest release of antioxidant content and activity. The increased PPP ratio in the cookie recipe improved the antioxidant activities of the aqueous fractions at the four digestive steps. Statement. This study has a preprint entitled “Effects of the ratio of pitaya peel powder on the product quality, predicted glycemic index, and antioxidant release during in vitro sequential digestion” (DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2322871/v1). This preprint was posted on the research square website on December 5th, 2022.
Prevention of COVID-19 Following a Single Intramuscular Administration of Adintrevimab: Results From a Phase 2/3 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (EVADE)

Abstract Background The prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in vulnerable populations is a global health priority. EVADE was a phase 2/3 multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of adintrevimab, an extended–half-life monoclonal antibody, for postexposure (PEP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of symptomatic COVID-19. Methods Eligible participants (vaccine-naive, aged ≥12 years) were randomized 1:1 to receive a single 300-mg intramuscular injection of adintrevimab or placebo. Primary efficacy end points were reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 through day 28 in the PEP cohort (RT-PCR-negative at baseline) and through month 3 in the PrEP cohort (RT-PCR-negative and seronegative at baseline) among participants randomized before emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant (November 30, 2021). Safety was assessed through 6 months. Results Between April 27, 2021, and January 11, 2022, 2582 participants were randomized. In the primary efficacy analysis, RT-PCR-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 occurred in 3/175 (1.7%) vs 12/176 (6.8%) adintrevimab- and placebo-treated PEP participants, respectively (74.9% relative risk reduction [RRR]; standardized risk difference, −5.0%; 95% CI, −8.87% to −1.08%; P = .0123) and in 12/752 (1.6%) vs 40/728 (5.5%) adintrevimab- and placebo-treated PrEP participants, respectively (71.0% RRR; standardized risk difference, −3.9%; 95% CI, −5.75% to −2.01%; P < .0001). In a prespecified exploratory analysis of 428 PrEP participants randomized after the emergence of Omicron, adintrevimab reduced RT-PCR-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 by 40.6% (standardized risk difference −8.4%; 95% CI, −15.35% to −1.46%; nominal P = .0177) vs placebo. Adintrevimab was well tolerated, with no serious drug-related adverse events reported. Conclusions A single intramuscular injection of adintrevimab provided prophylactic efficacy against COVID-19 due to susceptible variants without safety concerns. Clinical trial registration. NCT04859517.
An asymptotic analysis of a small-scale dynamo in a mirror-asymmetric random velocity field

Abstract We analyse the asymptotic and numerical solution of the Kazantsev equations for large magnetic Reynolds numbers . For instantaneously correlated random velocity field we obtain the necessary conditions of mirror-asymmetric dynamo processes. We show that simultaneously with longitudinal correlation function, the correlation function for magnetic helicity is also enhanced. We estimate the Rm-threshold for magnetic field generation, the generation rate and their dependencies on helicity parameter. By iterative methods (realised on quasi-uniform grids) we carry out numerical experiments, which confirm the correctness of obtained theoretical asymptotics and estimates.
Implementations of blockchain applications to fight fake news: an applicability and acceptance investigation framework

Individuals are easily exposed to fake news on social media, which could lead to devastating consequences. With its unique transparency and reliability features, such as smart contracts, securely stored hashtags, and reputation systems, blockchain technology is a promising solution to combat fake news. Although a few studies have examined this novel application of blockchain, none of them have empirically and systematically tested the applicability of such a framework in real-life contexts and the acceptance of related users. This paper contributes to the literature by combining three theories (Technology Acceptance Model, Social Capital Theory, and Social Cognitive Theory) into a proposed conceptual framework to empirically examine how people would accept the introduced blockchain – fake news systems.
Measurement of Charged-Particle Distributions in Proton–Proton Interactions at $\sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC

The majority of proton–proton interactions at the LHC can be described as inelastic soft-QCD processes, characterised by a small momentum transfer between their constituents. These interactions cannot be calculated from first principles with perturbation theory, and must hence be described by phenomenological models that are improved by tuning their parameters against experimental data. Measurements of the hadronic final states, presented as distributions of stable primary charged particles that were produced in the hadron collisions, can be used as an input for the tuning. To this end, distributions of reconstructed events and tracks are extracted from the recorded collision data, which must be corrected and unfolded to account for detector effects such as selection and reconstruction inefficiencies, migration effects and background contaminations. Some of these corrections are derived from Monte Carlo simulations of the full detector response to the particles that were generated by the phenomenological models. The dominant source of systematic uncertainty in this measurement is found to be the uncertainty of the material description used in the simulation. This thesis describes the successful efforts to improve the detailed material description of the inner tracker of ATLAS, resulting in a more accurate simulation geometry with significantly better constraints on this dominant source of systematic uncertainty. Building upon this knowledge, the measurement of primary-charged-particle distributions is performed on data recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at √ s = 8 TeV centre-of-mass energy, utilising a minimum-bias trigger and a special low-luminosity experimental setup. This study aims to achieve the highest precision of all ATLAS minimum-bias measurements from the Run-1 data-taking period of the LHC between 2009 and 2013. Results are obtained in five different regions of particle kinematics and multiplicity, with transverse-momentum thresholds of pT > 100 and 500 MeV. Among these, two high-multiplicity phase-space regions are measured by ATLAS for the first time, thus extending the scope of the measurements. Hadronic final-state distributions of primary-charged-particle multiplicity, pseudorapidity and transverse momentum are presented along with carefully evaluated total systematic and statistical uncertainties. The results are compared to predictions made by various phenomenological models and thus provide valuable constraints for their potential further improvement, while also contributing to a better theoretical understanding of the soft-QCD sector of particle physics.
Explicit expression-based practical model predictive control implementation for large-scale structures with multi-input delays

In this paper, two practical model predictive control (MPC) implementation algorithms with multi-input delay (NFMPCMID1 and NFMPCMID2) are developed in discrete-time formulation for vibration control of large-scale structures. By introducing a particular augmented state vector, the controlled dynamic equation with multi-input delay is transformed into the standard form without any explicit time delay. Because of no approximation for multi-input delay involved, the system performance and stability are easily guaranteed. In order to solve the computation efficiency and memory requirement for large-scale structure, a novel explicit expression form of Newmark-β method is derived, from which the future states can be easily predicted without computing matrix exponential and its integration. By applying this explicit expression form into MPC, the control input of NFMPCMID1 method can be computed by some matrix–matrix multiplications, and also the control input of NFMPCMID2 method can be computed just by two off-line transient analyses and one on-line transient analysis at every sampling instant on the structure. For no computation of matrix exponential and its integration in NFMPCMID1 and NFMPCMID2 methods, the off-line computation efficiency is greatly improved, and the memory requirement is greatly reduced, especially for the NFMPCMID2 method. In additional, due to the small amount of on-line computation, the on-line computation efficiency is also guaranteed. At last, the stability, feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods are verified by several typical numerical examples.