Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atherogenic dyslipidemia in Latin America: prevalence, causes and treatment. Consensus

La dislipidemia aterogenica (DA) es una entidad poco reconocida en las guias de practica clinica actuales. Debido a las frecuentes alteraciones lipidicas asociadas a esta anomalia metabolica en America Latina (AL), hemos organizado un grupo de expertos que ha adoptado el nombre de Asociacion Latinoamericana para el Estudio de Lipidos (ALALIP), para generar un documento en el que se analice la prevalencia en AL del perfil lipidico relacionado con esta afeccion y ofrecer recomendaciones practicas para su optimo diagnostico y tratamiento. Metodologia: Se selecciono un grupo de expertos regionales y, utilizando una metodologia Delphi modificada, se realizo una revision bibliografica exhaustiva, con enfasis en estudios o revisiones que tuvieran implicaciones para AL. Posteriormente se desarrollo una serie de preguntas clave sobre la epidemiologia, la fisiopatologia, el diagnostico y el tratamiento de la DA, que fueron discutidas por el grupo de expertos. Como convencion, las recomendaciones que tuvieron un 100% de aceptacion fueron consideradas unanimes; aquellas con al menos el 80% como para el consenso, y de desacuerdo, aquellas con menos del 80%. Resultados: Aunque no existe un estudio global sobre los factores de riesgo que se haya realizado sobre la base de una muestra representativa de toda la poblacion de AL, el analisis sistematico de las encuestas nacionales de salud y los estudios de cohortes regionales evidencian la alta prevalencia de las anormalidades lipidicas que definen la DA. La prevalencia de niveles bajos de colesterol de lipoproteinas de alta densidad (HDL-C) oscila entre el 34.1% (estudio CESCAS I) y el 53.3% (estudio LASO), con diferentes frecuencias entre hombres y mujeres y el punto de corte seleccionado. La prevalencia de trigliceridos elevados (TRG) varia de 25.5% (estudio LASO) a 31.2% (Encuesta Nacional de Salud de Chile) siendo siempre mas prevalente en.
Differential Urban Growth and Distance Considerations in Domestic Migration Flows in Pakistan

Urbanization is a process which is gradually reshaping the population of Pakistan from a nation of farmers and villages to a nation of urban dwellers. Yet this process, so critical to the quality of life in Pakistan's future, is not wen understood. The literature of demography and development is liberally sprinkled with reports and articles dealing with both general theories of urbanization and case studies, but the processes and underlying factors affecting urbanization in Pakistan have as yet received little attention.1 Research designed to identify the underlying factors and interpret the urbanization process in Pakistan is currently undt;rway, and it is the purpose of this paper to provide some background information on urbanization in Pakistan as well as to describe the directions of future research
Evaluation of serological tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: implementation in 1 assessing vaccination status

The anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunological assays have promising applications in the control and surveillance of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, large number of serological assays are developed in the commercial market to measure SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, which requires evaluation before their application in large scale. To evaluate the performances of commercially available serological assays for detecting 32 SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The study compared the performances of six different methods for detection of antibodies Immunosorbent Serological assays that are commercially available are very promising and show good agreement with the standard PRNT results. Studies on large samples for optimization of the assay cut-off values and cost-effective evaluations on parallel testing methods are needed to make recommendations on these commercial assays. 53 Serological assays that are commercially available are very promising and this paper adds 54 new knowledge about the optimization of these kits for evaluating post vaccination antibodies 55 status. It highlights the positive and negative aspects of each of these assays in terms of 56 sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the agreement of results 57 with the standard neutralization test. When serological assays are being used to assess post- 58 vaccine immune status, a balance of all parameters needs to be considered rather than 59 emphasizing only on high specificity. This is particularly relevant in the current situation 60 where vaccination is happening around the globe, high sensitivity assays will result in 61 reporting a lower percentage of false negative reports and avoids panic about lack of vaccine 62 response. It is important that we understand the strengths and limitations of commercially 63 available serological assays for better application of these tests to understand immune 64 response and the duration of protection post vaccination. To evaluate the performances of commercially available serological assays for The study compared six different methods for detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 detection post vaccination for COVID-19 against the gold standard Plaque Reduction 101 Neutralization Test (PRNT). The six different methods are (i) Genscript SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test kit [Test A] (ii) Diasorin - SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG detection [Test B] (iii) Alinity SARS-CoV-2 IgG II [Test C] (iv) Diasorin –
Postharvest quality of blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium sp.) as affected by prestorage time and temperatures.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prestorage time and temperature on blueberry firmness and fruit mass loss. Cultivars under study were Brightwell (BW), Tifblue (TB) and Powderblue (PB). Tested temperatures in the climatic chambers were 1, 12, 22 and 32 °C and the prestorage time were 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Initial firmness values for the three cultivars were 167.8, 194.3 and 214.6 g mm-1 and after two weeks firmness losses fluctuated between 5.4 and 20.8% for all treatments. Prestorage time interval of 12 h did not affect fruit firmness of BW and TB at any temperature, however, intervals greater than 24 h at 22 °C diminished fruit firmness for all cultivars. Fruit mass loss was greater at 32 °C where the cultivar PB lost 41.8 and 63.5% more weight than TB and BW, respectively. The cultivar BB was the most resistant to fruit deterioration. Cultivar PB has to be refrigerated after harvesting to avoid losses of fruit mass and firmness. Postharvest handling must be defined for each cultivar. * Recibido: Enero de 2007 Aceptado: Diciembre de 2008 454 Agric. Téc. Méx. Vol. 34 Núm. 4 Octubre-Diciembre 2008 Abelardo Núñez Barrios et al.
Comparative Effectiveness of Carotid Revascularization Therapies: Evidence From a National Hospital Discharge Database

Background and Purpose— Clinical equipoise of carotid revascularization therapies remains controversial. We sought to determine whether adverse outcomes after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) were similar using propensity score–matched analysis of retrospective data from a large hospital discharge database. Methods— All CEA and CAS cases were identified from the 2006 to 2011 Premier Perspective Database and subjected to 1:1 propensity score matching using 33 clinical covariates associated with carotid revascularization. A primary composite end point of peri- or postoperative mortality, stroke, or acute myocardial infarction and a modified composite end point excluding acute myocardial infarction were used to compare our findings with recent prospective controlled trials. Multivariate regression and Cox-proportional hazard ratio survival analysis were performed to compare revascularization therapy outcomes. Results— After 1:1 propensity score matching, 24 004 (12 002 CEA and CAS) asymptomatic and 3506 (1753 CEA and CAS) symptomatic procedures were included. The risk of the primary composite end point was significantly higher after CAS than CEA in both asymptomatic (odds ratio, 1.40 [1.19–1.65]; P<0.0001) and symptomatic (odds ratio=2.31 [1.78–3.00]; P<0.0001) presentations, irrespective of age (P=0.28) or sex (P=0.35). Similar findings were observed using the modified composite end point for both asymptomatic (odds ratio, 1.49 [1.25–1.78]; P<0.0001) and symptomatic (odds ratio, 3.02 [2.25–4.07]; P<0.0001) presentations. Acute myocardial infarction risk was not significantly different between revascularization therapies, regardless of clinical presentation (P=0.71 and 0.24). Conclusions— Among individuals undergoing carotid artery revascularization from a large sample of US hospitals, CAS was associated with higher risk of perioperative mortality, stroke, and unfavorable discharges compared with CEA for all ages and clinical presentations.
Miniature in vivo Robots for Remote and Harsh Environments

Long-term human space exploration will require contingencies for emergency medical procedures including some capability to perform surgery. The ability to perform minimally invasive surgery (MIS) would be an important capability. The use of small incisions reduces surgical risk, but also eliminates the ability of the surgeon to view and touch the surgical environment directly. Robotic surgery, or telerobotic surgery, may provide emergency surgical care in remote or harsh environments such as space flight, or extremely forward environments such as battlefields. However, because current surgical robots are large and require extensive support personnel, their implementation has remained limited in forward environments, and they would be difficult, or impossible, to use in space flight or on battlefields. This paper presents experimental analysis of miniature fixed-base and mobile in vivo robots to support MIS surgery in remote and harsh environments. The objective is to develop wireless imaging and task-assisting robots that can be placed inside the abdominal cavity during surgery. Such robots will provide surgical task assistance and enable an on-site or remote surgeon to view the surgical environment from multiple angles. This approach is applicable to long-duration space flight, battlefield situations, and for traditional medical centers and other remote surgical locations.
New evidence of Ceratosaurus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal

A theropod assigned to Ceratosaurus was previously reported from the Portuguese Lusitanian Basin based on a limited number of elements of a single individual. Here, we describe newly discovered elements that likely pertain to same, earlier described, specimen. The new elements provide additional evidence that the range of Ceratosaurus spanned from what is now North America into Europe. Previously, some differences were noted between the Portuguese specimens and the North American Ceratosaurus. We consider these differences to be trivial and attribute them to individual variation and/or ontogeny. The following set of features (lesser trochanter positioned low on the femur; crista tibiofibularis obliquely oriented with respect to the axis of the femoral shaft; infrapopliteal ridge present posteriorly on the femur; large cnemial crest; and medial condyle of the tibia continuous with proximal end) indicate that the Portuguese specimen is assignable to Ceratosaurus. This record constitutes one of the scarce evidence of basal ceratosaurian theropods in the Late Jurassic of Europe. Despite the abundance, diversity and wide geographical distribution of ceratosaurs during the Late Cretaceous, its early evolutionary history remains poorly understood. The Portuguese specimens constitute an important evidence for the knowledge of the paleobiogeographic evolution of the clade during the Late Jurassic.
Autumn sown catch crop understoreys as strategy to reduce nitrate leaching in winter cereals

Under conditions with wet mild winters due to high nitrate leaching risk growing systems with high nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency in autumn are necessary, especially after pre crops with a high N release. In 2003 and 2004 a field trial was conducted in Northern Germany to investigate autumn N uptake and nitrate leaching in autumn sown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) grown intercropped with catch crops. Catch crops in pure stands were sown as control. In each system three catch crops common vetch (Vicia sativa), forage rape (Brassica napus) and oats (Avena sativa) were tested simultaneously. The experiment was run parallel after grass clover (high N status) and oats (low N status). N uptake, soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin) and nitrate leaching of all stands were determined. Especially with winter wheat intercropping with catch crops increased N-uptake in autumn. In all stands forage rape and oats led to a higher N uptake than common vetch. In comparison to pure sown winter wheat, intercropping reduced Nmin by more than 30 %. Nitrate leaching was highest after grass clover. Averaged over both pre crops intercropping of winter wheat and catch crops led to a reduction of nitrate leaching in a range of 38 to 60 %. Grown as intercrop to winter oilseed rape forage rape and oats decreased nitrate leaching compared to pure sown rape by 50 and 39 %, respectively. If cultivation of winter wheat after N intensive pre cop in winter mild climates is wanted, an intercropped production system with catch crops is a mean to reduce N leaching risks. Further investigations are necessary to clarify on yield performance of the main crops when growing together with catch crops.
Androgen-Induced Relaxation of Uterine Myocytes Is Mediated by Blockade of Both Ca 2 (cid:2) Flux and MLC Phosphorylation

Context: Uterine quiescence must be maintained until pregnancy reaches term. Premature activation of myometrial contractility leads to preterm labor and delivery. Objective: To scrutinize the potential of androgens to relax the myometrium and the mechanism of their action. Samples: A pregnancy-derived muscle cell (PHM1-41) and stripspreparedfromtissuesobtainedfrompregnantwomen(lean,n (cid:2) (cid:2) elective The of collagen-embedded PHM1–41s and the stretch-induced contraction of (DHT), and T conjugated to BSA. Intracellular calcium and phosphorylated myosin
Dynorphins in Development and Disease: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

It is well-established that cardiovascular disease continues to represent a growing health problem and significant effort has been made to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In this review, we report on past and recent high impact publications in the field of intracrine network signaling, focusing specifically on opioids and their interrelation with key modulators of the cardiovascular system and the onset of related disease. We present an overview of studies outlining the scope of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular processes that are affected by opioids, including heart function, ischemia, reperfusion, and blood flow. Specific emphasis is placed on the importance of dynorphin molecules in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular regulation. Evidence suggests that excessive or insufficient dynorphin could make an important contribution to cardiovascular physiology, yet numerous paradoxical observations frequently impede a clear understanding of the role of dynorphin. Thus, we argue that dynorphin-mediated signaling events for which an immediate regulatory effect is disputed should not be dismissed as unimportant, as they may play a role in cross-talk with other signaling networks. Finally, we consider the most recent evidence on the role of dynorphin during cardiovascular-related inflammation and on the potential value of endogenous and exogenous inhibitors of kappa-opioid receptor, a major dynorphin A receptor, to limit or prevent cardiovascular disease and its related sequelae.
Modelling weed population dynamics : impact of cultural control and climate change

Over the last three decades, concern about food safety and the management of natural resources has increased. Instigated by the previous EU pesticide review, (EU 91/414) carrot growers in particular have been hit by the revocation of several post-emergence herbicides. There is real concern among growers that this may impair profits. To identify alternative weed control strategies, a modelling framework capable of simulating the impact of alternative weed management strategies on long-term weed population dynamics, was proposed. Scentless mayweed (Tripleurospermum inodorum) was chosen as model weed species. The system represented in ECOSEDYN (Effects of Cultural control and climate On SEedbank DYN For each component model in ECOSEDYN the literature was reviewed to identify the best mathematical representation and then the model was parameterised. To improve accuracy of model projections and address gaps in knowledge, field experiments were conducted in two areas: soil cultivation, and plant growth and reproduction. The results of the cultivation experiments revealed that key assumptions in models for weed seed re-distribution are incorrect. The experiments focusing on plant growth and reproduction resulted in a novel approach to the modeling of biomass increase, flowering and seed shedding where the different processes were quantitatively and temporally linked using Beta functions. amics), comprises a six-year crop rotation: one year of carrot and five years winter wheat and repeated four times. The weed management strategies consist of combinations of cultural control measures (sowing time and crop maturity time). In addition, the interaction of climate with the cultural control measures was assessed by implementing two future climate scenarios, (‘No change’ vs ‘Heating up’) based on weather data over the last 18 years. The results of the ECOSEDYN simulations showed that, regardless of the prevailing climate, choosing a fast maturing carrot cultivar is by far the most important factor in maintaining the weed seedbank low. In addition, the risk for higher seedbank levels in the long-term under ‘Heating up’ climate is largest if carrot is continuously sown late.
Efficacy and Reproducibility of Attenuation-Compensated Optical Coherence Tomography for Assessing External Elastic Membrane Border and Plaque Composition in Native and Stented Segments

Received July 30, 2019; revised manuscript received September 18, 2019; accepted October 1, 2019; J-STAGE Advance Publication released online November 15, 2019 Time for primary review: 20 days Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London (A.R., R.A., D.J., C.J., T.C., A.B., A.M., C.V.B.); William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, London (A.R., D.J., A.B., A.M., C.V.B.), UK; Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.N., N.F., M.J.A.G.), National Heart Centre and Duke-NUS Medical School (J.N., N.F., M.J.A.G.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester (S.W); Department of Cardiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol (T.W.J), UK; Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (J.D.), The Netherlands; School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol (S.S.), UK; Citizens Specialty Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana (S.K.), India; Department of Cardiology, University of Bern, Bern (L.R.), Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London (P.W.S.); Department of Mechanical Engineering (R.T.), Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (C.V.B.), University College London, London; and Department of Cardiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.R.), UK Mailing address: Christos Bourantas, MD, PhD, Consultant Cardiologist, Barts Heart Centre, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK. E-mail: cbourantas@gmail.com ISSN-1346-9843 All rights are reserved to the Japanese Circulation Society. For permissions, please e-mail: cj@j-circ.or. jp Efficacy and Reproducibility of Attenuation-Compensated Optical Coherence Tomography for Assessing External Elastic Membrane Border and Plaque Composition in Native and Stented Segments ― An In Vivo and Histology-Based Study ―
Input variable selection for median flood regionalization

Flood estimation for ungauged catchments is a challenging task for hydrologists. A modern geographical information system is able to extract a large number of catchment characteristics as input variables for regionalization analysis. Effective and efficient selection of the best input variables is urgently needed in this field. This paper explores a new methodology for selecting the best input variable combination on the basis of the gamma test and leave‐one‐out cross validation (LOOCV) to estimate the median annual maximum flow (as an index flood). Since the gamma test is capable of efficiently calculating the output variance on the basis of the input without the need to select a model structure type, more effective regionalization models could be developed because there is no need to define an a priori model structure. A case study from 20 catchments in southwest England has been used to illustrate and validate the proposed scheme. It has been found that the gamma test is able to narrow down the search options to be further explored by the LOOCV. The best formula from this approach outperforms the conventional approaches based on cross validation, data filtering with Spearman's rank correlation matrix, and corrected Akaike information criterion. In addition, the developed formula is significantly more accurate than the existing equation used in the Flood Estimation Handbook.
The deglacial to postglacial marine environments of SE Barrow Strait, Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Core 86027‐144 (74°15.56′N, 91°14.21′W) represents a rare, continuous record of Late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments from High Arctic Canada extending from the end of the Last Glaciation. Based on microfossils (dinocysts, non‐pollen palynomorphs, benthic and planktonic foraminifera), foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C, and sedimentology, seven palaeoenvironmental zones were identified. Zone I (>10.8 cal. ka BP) records deglaciation, ice‐sheet destabilization, float‐off and subsequent break‐up. Zone II (c. 10.8–10.4 cal. ka BP) shows ice‐proximal to ice‐distal glaciomarine conditions, interrupted by pervasive land‐fast sea‐ice marked by a hiatus in coarse sediment deposition. Significant biological activity starts in Zone III (10.4–9.9 cal. ka BP), where planktonic foraminifera (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma) suggest early oceanic throughflow. Surface waters flowed NW–SE; however, the deep‐water origin remains unclear (potentially NW Arctic Ocean or Baffin Bay). Postglacial amelioration (open‐water season greater than present) in Zone IV (9.9–7.8 cal. ka BP) perhaps corresponds to the regional ‘Holocene Thermal Maximum’ previously proposed. A transitional period (Zone V; 7.8–6.7 cal. ka BP) of rapid environmental change fluctuating on a scale not observed today is marked by increasing sea‐ice and reduced oceanic influence. This probably signals the exclusion of deeper Atlantic water owing to the glacio‐isostatic shallowing of inter‐island sills, coupled with generally cooling climate. Conditions analogous to those at present, with increased sea‐ice and modern microfossil assemblages, commence at c. 6.7 cal. ka BP (zones VI–VII). Although climate ultimately forces long‐term environmental trends, core 86027‐144 data imply that regional dynamics, especially changes in sea‐level, exert a significant control on marine conditions throughout the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.