Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concepts and Methods to Assess the Dynamic Thermal Rating of Underground Power Cables "2279

With the increase in the electrical load and the progressive introduction of power generation from intermittent renewable energy sources, the power line operating conditions are approaching the thermal limits. The definition of thermal limits variable in time has been addressed under the concept of dynamic thermal rating (DTR), with which it is possible to provide a more detailed assessment of the line rating and exploit the electrical system more flexibly. Most of the literature on DTR has addressed overhead lines exposed to different weather conditions. The interest in the dynamic thermal rating of power cables is increasing, considering the evolution of computational methods and advanced systems for cable monitoring. This paper contains an overview of the concepts and methods referring to dynamic cable rating (DCR). Starting from the analytical formulations developed many years ago for determining the power cable rating in steady-state conditions, also reported in International Standards, this paper considers the improvements of these formulations proposed during the years. These improvements are leading to include more specific details in the models used for DCR analysis and the computational methods used to assess the power cable’s thermal conditions buried in soil. This paper is focused on highlighting the path from the initial theories and models to the latest literature contributions. Attention is paid to thermal modelling with different levels of detail, applications of 2D and 3D solvers and simplified models, and their validation based on experimental measurements. A salient point of the overview is considering the DCR impact on reliability aspects, risk estimation, real-time calculations, forecasting, and planning with different
Simultaneous effects of water and nitrogen stress on the vegetative and yield parameters of choy sum (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis).

Hypothetically, leafy vegetables need water and nitrogen (N) simultaneously in their applications for good growth. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of four watering frequencies (watering once a day, once a week and once in every two weeks and no watering) and five levels of nitrogen (0, 34, 68, 136 and 272 kg N ha-1) on the vegetative and yield parameters of choy sum over a period of four weeks. The choy sum was grown in polyethylene bags under a rain shelter. The experimental design was a split-split plot with four replications. Plant vegetative and yield parameters measured weekly were plant height, leaf number, total leaf area, maximum root length, the various plant part weights and total tissue nitrogen. Water stress detrimentally affected choy sumfs leaf growth more than root growth and the effect of water stress was more than nitrogen stress. Higher nitrogen rates in water-stressed condition increasingly reduced the number of leaves and height of the choy sum. Choy sum grown under once-a-day watering and once-a-week treatments did not experience water stress. The optimal soil water content and nitrogen application rate were 0.4 m3 m-3 and 30 to 40 kg N ha-1, respectively. The rate of 34 kg N ha-1 and once-a-week watering treatment generally gave the highest values for all the measured vegetative and yield parameters. Under lower and point of sufficient nitrogen rates, nitrogen was used for leaf thickness and weight rather than for intercepting light via leaf area expansion.
Long-term analysis of the Ionospheric-Total Electron Content (TEC) parameter for the detection of anomalous behaviours potentially related to seismic activity

In recent decades, many advances have been made on the study of the complex processes involved in the preparatory phases of earthquakes. Over time, different types of parameters (chemical, physical, biological, etc.) have been proposed as indicators of variability potentially related to this process. Among these, space weather parameters are assuming an increasingly important role due to their possible connection to the occurrence of strong and imminent earthquakes. The variations of the Total Electron Content (TEC) have been investigated as an indicator of the ionospheric status potentially affected by earthquake related phenomena.
Factors Affecting Soluble Solids, Acid, pH, and Color in Grapes

Vines were grown from two-node cuttings and induced to retain one bunch of grapes per plant. These plants were grown in a greenhouse and parameters, such as leaf number and area, berry number, °Brix, acid, pH, and color, were recorded. Correlations between pairs of variables were made and analyzed. Plants with low berry numbers grew more than those with high numbers. Low berry number, high leaf growth rate, and high leaf/fruit ratio are related to high sugar levels, but acid levels were low and pH levels high. These levels were not simply a response to advanced maturity. While soluble solids levels increased only until a certain leaf/fruit ratio was attained, pH and acid continued to change as the shoots grew. Under the warm conditions of this experiment, unacceptably high pH levels and low acid levels were recorded. The effect of extended shoot growth increasing pH and lowering acid was not mediated by shade and leaf/bunch exposure since shading was not permitted. The general hypothesis that low vigor vines produce higher quality can, therefore, be explained in part by a direct response of pH and acid to shoot growth.
Should the Government Sell You Goods? Evidence from the Milk Market in Mexico

Governments spend considerable resources providing goods directly. We show that such behavior may increase welfare when private suppliers have market power. We do this by studying the staggered rollout of hundreds of government milk “ration stores” in Mexico using a proprietary panel of household food purchases. The rollout lowered the price per liter of privately supplied milk by 2.4% and increased household consumption. To compare direct provision with budget-neutral alternatives, we develop and estimate an equilibrium model of the market that accounts for quality differences. Direct provision generates larger consumer surplus than milk vouchers and unrestricted cash transfers.
GENERALIZED POINCARÉ SERIES FOR SU ( 2 , 1 )

We define and study ’non-abelian’ Poincaré series for the group G = SU(2, 1), i.e. Poincaré series attached to a Stone-Von Neumann representation of the unipotent subgroup N of G. Such Poincaré series have in general exponential growth. In this study we use results on abelian and non-abelian Fourier term modules obtained in [2]. We compute the inner product of truncations of these series and those associated to unitary characters of N with square integrable automorphic forms, in connection with their Fourier expansions. As a consequence, we obtain general completeness results that, in particular, generalize those valid for the classical holomorphic (and antiholomorphic) Poincaré series for SL(2,R).
Reducing Bottled Water Use among Adolescents: A Factorial Experimental Approach to Testing the Components of the “Aquatic” Program

The current study aimed to assess the components of the intervention program “Aquatic”, targeted at the reduction of bottled water use in adolescence. The Comprehensive Action Determination Model was chosen as a theory of change for the development and evaluation of pro-environmental behavior intervention. We examined the impact of five experimental intervention factors (water bottles, promo video, prompts, goal setting, and feedback) on eight intervention program outcomes: Perceived behavioral control, Social norm, Habit, Awareness of need, Awareness of consequence, Personal norm, Intention, and Behavior. The study sample consisted of 419 adolescents (52.8% girls, Mage = 15.21, SDage = .64) from Lithuania. A factorial experimental study design was used, and a Latent change modeling approach was applied for the evaluation of individual and combined effects of intervention components. Promo video, Prompts, and Goal setting had a positive effect on Awareness of consequence, Social norm, and Awareness of need, respectively. Receiving a Water bottle in combination with the Promo video had a positive effect on Perceived behavioral control and in combination with Prompts as well as Goals – on Awareness of need. Water bottles, Promo-video, Prompts, and Goals, but not Feedback, had value in the promotion of targeted pro-environmental outcomes.
Romantic Relationships Other Focus on Power and Perspective-Taking in − Does Power Help or Hurt ? The Moderating Role of Self

Reconciling competing viewpoints suggesting that power helps and hurts perspective-taking in close relationships, in two experiments and two daily experience studies we tested the hypothesis that power’s effect on perspective-taking depends on the extent to which people are relatively selfversus other-focused. In Study 1, recalling a time of high (vs. low) power over a romantic partner reduced inclinations to take the partner’s perspective for relatively self-focused but not other-focused individuals. Studies 2 and 3 replicated Study 1 using daily variations in power and perspective-taking. In Study 4, being the “in-charge” partner during a conflict conversation reduced empathic accuracy for more self-focused individuals. Self–other focus was assessed with measures of gratitude, relational self-construal, and social value orientation. The current findings provide evidence that, particularly for the more self-focused, relationship power influences people’s inclinations to take their romantic partner’s perspective in daily life as well as their empathic accuracy during conflict.
The Effects of Revising with Feedback on Second and Third Grade Students’ Story Writing Performances

DOI: 10.29299/kefad.834391 According to process-based writing education, writing consists of sequential steps such as planning, drafting, and revising. Although all stages in the process based writing contribute raising the quality of writing the revision step is seen crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of revision with feedback on the writing quality of small moment stories written by elementary students who were educated using process oriented writing approach. 29 students’ first and final drafts written in their second and third year of schooling were analyzed in terms of ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency and conventions. The analysis indicated that there were statistically significant differences in students’ pre and post-scores in both second and third grade. The pre and post scores of students also indicated that students showed significant progress in six-trait of writing. According to the results of this study, effective use of evaluative feedback to improve students' written expression skills is important. In addition, this process will provide students with the ability to evaluate texts they have written at an early age. This will contribute to their success in conveying their thoughts through text when they are at upper grades. Received: Revised: Accepted: 02.12. 2020 24.02. 2021 23.03. 2021
Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions and Impact Scores of Small-Size Certified Benefit Corporations (CBCs). A Configurational Analysis of 17 Countries

The urgent need that the private sector generate positive social and environmental impacts in order to cope with the grand challenges faced by humanity and contribute to sustainable development, has ignited the need to understand the country conditions that could promote such an endeavor, especially for small firms who may have more difficulties and, among them, those that try to generate positive impacts for multiple stakeholders, such as Certified B Corporations (CBCs). To contribute to such understanding, we use fsQCA to identify the combinations of presence/absence of four entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFCs)—financing for entrepreneurs, taxes and bureaucracy, R&D transfer, and commercial and legal infrastructure—that are sufficient for the presence/absence of a high average impact score of small-size CBCs in the country. The analysis reveals that two combinations of the presence/absence of the considered EFCs are sufficient for the presence and another two are sufficient for the absence of that outcome. General patterns, specific combinations and the implications for policymakers, CBCs managers and future research
Circular RNA repertoires are 1 associated with evolutionarily young 2 transposable elements 3

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found across eukaryotes and can function in 10 post-transcriptional gene regulation. Their biogenesis through a circle-forming backsplicing 11 reaction is facilitated by reverse-complementary repetitive sequences promoting pre-mRNA 12 folding. Orthologous genes from which circRNAs arise, overall contain more strongly conserved 13 splice sites and exons than other genes, yet it remains unclear to what extent this conservation 14 reflects purifying selection acting on the circRNAs themselves. Our analyses of circRNA 15 repertoires across five species representing three mammalian lineages (marsupials, eutherians: 16 rodents, primates) reveal that surprisingly few circRNAs arise from orthologous exonic loci across 17 different species. Even the circRNAs from the orthologous loci are associated with young, recently 18 active and species-specific transposable elements, rather than with common, ancient transposon 19 integration events. These observations suggest that many circRNAs emerged convergently during 20 evolution – as a byproduct of splicing in orthologs prone to transposable element insertion. 21 Overall, our findings argue against widespread functional circRNA conservation. 22
Spatial Assessment of Severe Malaria Incidence in Kano Sate Using Multivariate Statistical Technique

Severe malaria continues to be one of the most common and serious life-threatening disease causing high morbidity and mortality world-wide. Multivariate statistical techniques including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to the raw data of severe malaria cases. PCA results identified two varifactors which were responsible for about 53% of the total variance in the data set. Rainfall possesses the highest strong positive loading (0.718) among the variables. HCA identified three spatial clusters representing high, moderate and low incidence zones. The study suggest prompt reporting of malaria cases to modern healthcare centres for proper attention so as to reduce the mortality rate attached to the
Relating In Vitro Neutralization Level and Protection in the CVnCoV (CUREVAC) Trial.

A recent study analysed the relationship between neutralising antibody response and protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection across eight vaccines platforms. The efficacy results from a phase 2b/3 trial of a ninth vaccine candidate, CVnCoV (CUREVAC), was announced on 16 June 2021. The low efficacy of this new mRNA vaccine, which showed only 47% protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, was surprising, given the high efficacy of two previous mRNA-based vaccines. A number of factors have been suggested to play a role in the low efficacy in the CVnCoV study, particularly around the dose and immunogenicity of the vaccine (which uses a slightly different mRNA construct) and the potential role of infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants (which were the dominant strains observed in the CVnCoV trial).
Sparse Recovery

Many real-world signals are approximately sparse , meaning that a small fraction of the coordinates contain almost all the signal mass; examples include images, audio, and any signals drawn from Zipﬁan, power-law, or log-normal distributions. If a signal x ∈ R n is approximately k -sparse, then ideally the complexity of estimating or manipulating x should scale primarily with k rather than n . Such sparse recovery algorithms are possible for a variety of diﬀerent problem variants, corresponding to diﬀerent modalities of measuring x and diﬀerent guarantees on the estimation error. In this chapter we will consider streaming algorithms, compressed sensing
Recovery of deuterium from hydrogen–deuterium mixture using palladium

ABSTRACT The applicability of palladium for the separation of hydrogen isotopes (hydrogen and deuterium) is evaluated systematically by generating isotherm data and conducting column experiments in a laboratory set-up. Effect of various parameters such as concentration of the isotopic mixture, particle size, eluent flow rate, etc. is studied experimentally. A fixed-bed chromatographic model is developed and validated using the experimental data. The model is further used to predict the performance of a multi-column configuration for large-scale separation. Chromatographic separation is thus found to be a promising technique to achieve the required purity and hence it may be clubbed with the existing systems (e.g. cryogenic distillation) to obtain enhanced performance.
Consequences of Local Social Norms: A Review of the Literature in Accounting, Finance, and Corporate Governance

In this systematic literature review we synthesize the empirical archival research on the consequences of local social norms (i.e. social capital, religiosity, gambling, and corruption) on accounting, finance, and corporate governance outcomes in an international setting. This review focuses on how various local social norms are linked with issues, such as financial reporting, auditing, financial policies, investment, innovation, and corporate social responsibility activities. The literature reviewed is premised on the theory that corporations do not make decisions, but managers do, and managers are likely to be influenced by the socio-economic environment of the region in which they operate and/or by the people with whom they interact. While our review highlights some shortcomings of the theory underpinning existing studies, we focus on the methodological limitations of this strand of research that should be addressed more effectively in future research.
The Jobs Act Did Not Raise IPO Underpricing

While the intended goal of the 2012 JOBS Act was to ease access to capital for Emerging Growth Companies (EGCs), prior studies, notably Barth et al. (2017), find evidence of an increase in IPO underpricing and a higher cost of equity capital for EGC issuers. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find that changes in overall IPO market conditions explain the seeming increase in IPO underpricing. In fact, EGC issuers that take advantage of the accounting disclosure relief afforded by the Act raise capital at higher pre-IPO multiples. These reduced-accounting disclosure EGCs have more speculative valuation profiles and lower institutional ownership and are more likely to destroy long-term shareholder value in the IPO aftermarket. Overall, our paper offers an alternative perspective on the effect of the JOBS Act on IPO pricing.
The Price of Corporate Social Irresponsibility at Seasoned Equity Offerings: International Evidence

We examine the effect of corporate social responsibility engagements signaled through negative environmental and social (E&S) incidents on equity financing via seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) across 25 countries. The results show that negative E&S incidents significantly aggravate SEO underpricing, increasing cost of equity capital. We assess potential explanations from the perspective of corporate reputation risk and regulatory risk. We find support for both channels. Social reputation acts as a buffer against reputation risk arising from the E&S risk events while strong country-level E&S policies inflict regulatory risk to violating firms following E&S incidents leading to adverse E&S effects at SEOs. Further analysis reveals that the adverse pricing effects of firm E&S risk are driven by the social awareness of institutional and retail investors. We also find that the impact is negligible with the presence of larger blockholders. Managers appear to pre-empt the adverse effects by reducing the likelihood of equity financing in wake of negative incidents. Finally, there are rich cross-country variations in the pricing effects of E&S risk whereby common law countries and those with strong investor protection and individualistic but low power distance cultures suffer most from the adverse E&S incidents around SEOs.
COVID-19: THE IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY AND POLICY RESPONSES—A REVIEW

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is far-reaching. In this paper, we selectively review the rapidly growing literature with a focus on (1) the impact of COVID-19 on the labor market, both in terms of overall employment and in terms of work-from-home arrangements; (2) how COVID-19 may impact the re-organization of the global supply chain; (3) how COVID-19 accelerated the digitization of the economy, and how this impacts the small and medium-sized businesses; and (4) government policy responses.
Hosts and triggers of AGNs in the Local Universe

Based on the spectroscopic and shear catalogs for SDSS galaxies in the local Universe, we compared optically selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with control star-forming and quiescent galaxies on galactic and inter-halo scales, and larger. We find that AGNs are preferentially found in two specific stages of galaxy evolution: in the starburst and ‘green valley’ phases. We also find that the stellar population of their host galaxies is quite independent of stellar mass, which is not the case for more typical galaxies. Combining galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering on large scales, we measured the mass of AGN host halos. The typical halo mass is about 1012 h−1 M⊙, similar to the characteristic mass in the stellar mass-halo mass relation (SHMR). For a given stellar mass, AGN host galaxies and star-forming galaxies share the same SHMR, while quiescent galaxies have more massive halos. Clustering analyses on halo scales reveals that AGNs are surrounded by a larger number of satellites (with stellar mass down to 1/1000 of the mass of the central galaxy) than star-forming galaxies and that galaxies with a greater stellar velocity dispersion have a greater number of satellites. The number of satellites also increase with halo mass, reaching unity around 1012 h−1 M⊙. Our results suggest a scenario in which the interaction of the central galaxy with the satellites triggers an early episode of starburst and AGN activity, followed by multiple AGN cycles driven by the non-axisymmetric structure produced by the interaction. The feedback from the starburst and AGN reduces the amount of cold gas for fueling the central black hole, producing a characteristic halo mass scale, that is, ∼1012 h−1 M⊙, where the AGN fraction peaks.
Asymptotic analysis of spin-foams with timelike faces in a new parametrization

In this article we study the Conrady-Hnybida extension of the Lorentzian Engle-PereiraRovelli-Livine spin-foam model, which admits time-like cells rather than just space-like ones. Our focus is on the asymptotic analysis of the model’s vertex amplitude. We propose a new parametrization for states associated to time-like 3-cells, from which we derive a closed-form expression for their amplitudes. This allows us to revisit the conditions under which critical points of the amplitudes occur, and we find Regge-like geometrical critical points in agreement with the literature. However, we find also evidence for non-geometrical points which are not dynamically suppressed without further assumptions; the model then does not strictly asymptote to the Regge action, contrary to what one would expect. We moreover prove Minkowski and rigidity theorems for Minkowskian polyhedra, extending the asymptotic analysis to non-simplicial spin-foams.