Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Business Culture in Central and Eastern European Countries: The Role of the Manager’s Etiquette and Image

The aim this paper is identifying the behaviours and image of managers in terms of business culture and their synthetic description with the consideration of cultural differences pertaining to Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). The analysis was used of existing sources (desk research), i.e., Polish and foreign theoretical and empirical output concerning business culture. In the literature on the subject it has not been fully empirically proven that the way in which a manager behaves and the business image he or she projects are translated into the success or failure of the company. It is assumed that business etiquette matters in global business. There are opinions that managerial staff are not fully prepared to carry out tasks in the conditions of international business. It is necessary to redefine educational programmes in the field of management to include also the topic related to good manners and business etiquette. When considering the situation of managers of CEEC companies, their approach towards business culture may vary. These differences and discrepancies are most frequently reflected in the context of interpersonal communication as well as organizing and holding of meetings, negotiations and business events. The perceived decline with regard to the level of culture and the increase of the value of individuality among managers may constitute a basis for consideration for managers in charge of personnel, representatives of training centres as well as researchers dealing with the issue of business culture. The presented information concerning business etiquette and the manager’s image may be directly applied in business practice.
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF FICUS

Ficus displays many problems fundamental to the distribution of tropical plants. As a natural g-enus, one of the most derived of its family, it shows that these problems refer not to the origin of the genus or of its major groups, but to the subsequent course of sectional evolution. Detailed morphological revision must, therefore, precede phytogeography. The facts, here epitomised, are based on monographic revision of the species of Asia and Australasia, and have not been called from other writings. Seed-dispersal in Ficus must be accompanied by dispersal of the pollinating wasp. It seems true, as Beccari pointed out, that the large banyans have an advantage in this respect over small trees impeded by the dense forest.Two subgenera, Pharmaeosycea and Urostigma, suggest a southern migration, but the third subgenus Ficus suggests a northern origin and dispersal. Pharmaeosycea, hitherto regarded as American, has 46 species in Asia and Australasia, and it comprises most of the fig-flora of New Caledonia (26 species in all, 20 endemic species of Pharmaeosycea). Ficus prolixa (Polynesia) seems related to sect. Americana of Urostigma. The F. elastica group (Queensland, Papua, Solomon Islands) seems related to the African sect. Bibracteata of Urostigma. The F, benghalensis group parallels the distribution of the Dipterocarpaceae, but does not occur in Africa.
Effect of Sowing Dates and Stage of Pinching on Growth, Yield and Quality of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

An experiment entitled effect of sowing dates and stage of pinching on growth, yield and quality of fenugreek was carried out during September 2015 to March 2016 at RVSKVV College of Horticulture, Mandsaur, M.P., India, with 12 treatment combinations, comprising four dates of sowing 25th September, 10th October, 25th October and 9th November with three stages of pinching i.e., No pinching, Pinching at 25 Days after sowing (DAS), Pinching 35 DAS. These treatments were replicated thrice in split spot design and analyzed. Treatment with 10th October sowing recorded maximum plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, dry weight, number of pods plant-1, pod length, weight of pod, number of seeds pod-1, weight of seeds pod-1, thousand seed weight, seed yield, straw yield, biological yield, harvest index, chlorophyll content, germination %, seedling vigour index, protein%, galactomannon content. While, 25th September sown crop took maximum days for 50% flowering and for maturity. Between pinching stages studied, Pinching at 35 DAS found to be superior in respect of number of branches plant-1, fresh and dry weight of plant (g) at harvest, number of pods plant-1, length of pod (cm), weight of pod (mg), number of seeds pod-1, weight of seeds pod-1 (mg), thousand seed weight (g), seed yield (q ha-1), straw yield (q ha-1), biological yield (q ha-1), harvest index (%), chlorophyll content in leaves at 75 DAS (SPAD), germination percentage of seeds, seedling vigour index, protein (%) and galactomannon in comparison to other pinching stages.
Synaptic, Cellular and Behavioral Pathophysiology in Anti-Gabab Receptor and Anti-Nmda Receptor Encephalitides

A new class of severe but treatable autoimmune encephalitides is associated with serum and CSF autoantibodies to cell surface receptors that are thought to cause disease by disrupting the normal function of their target protein. Consistent with disruption of the major neurotransmission pathways and thus circuit malfunction in the central nervous system, symptoms of these newly characterized diseases are severe and include psychosis, memory loss, confusion, seizures, and autonomic instability normal function. The majority of symptoms resolve with aggressive immunosuppresive therapy. The best characterized of these encephalitides is associated with antibodies to ionotropic glutamate receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR). NMDAR and AMPAR autoantibodies cross-link the cognate synaptic receptors on the surface of cultured neurons and result in a selective internalization of the target without disruption of any other synaptic component or injury to neurons. In a passive transfer animal model, chronic perfusion of NMDAR antibodies into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of mice also decreases NMDA receptors after 14 days, which results in anhedonia and diminished spatial memory. Consistent with the reversible course of disease, the effects of NMDAR and AMPAR autoantibodies can be reversed in both in vivo and in vitro model systems. These mechanisms may underlie the neurological and psychiatric manifestations of these forms of autoimmune encephalitis, and account for recovery of many patients with immune therapy aimed at lowering antibody titer. Patients with antibodies to the metabotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type B (GABAB receptor) develop severe intractable seizures, but little is known about the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Deletion mapping and expression in heterologous cells showed that patient anti-GABAB antibodies bind to alternatively spliced Sushi domains present in the presynaptically localized GABAB1a isoform. In contrast to patient anti-NMDAR antibodies, GABAB autoantibodies did not result in a decrease in surface GABAB receptors or their internalization. Treating neurons with GABABR autoantibodies for two hours blocked the activation of GABAB receptors by baclofen in a titer-dependent manner. Autoantibody-bound GABABRs are still signaling competent, because baclofen block was circumvented by directly activating GABAB2 with a selective agonist, CGP7930. Patient GABAB receptor autoantibodies are selective GABAB1 antagonists that may contribute to seizures by interfering with GABA-mediated inhibition. Brain penetrant GABAB2 agonists may be useful to treat intractable seizures in anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis patients. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Neuroscience This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/1781 First Advisor Rita J. Balice-Gordon
CARCASS YIELD OF NATIVECHICKENS FED ARACHON OF SKIPJACK TUNA (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) IN DIET

In the prospect of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L) fish that abundant in Sulawesi Ocean, a study was carried out to determine the effect of arachon of skipjack tuna in diet on carcass yield out to determine the effect of arachon of skipjack tuna in diet on carcass yield of native chickens. The experiment was designed in completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. A total of one hundred 29 weeks old native chickens were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments, consisting of five replications in each treatments using four birds in each cell. Dietary treatments were basal diet = BD (R0), 94 % BD + 6 % Arachon (R1), 91 % BD + 9 % arachon (R2), 88% BD + 12 % arachon (R3), and 85 % BD + 15 % arachon (R4). Feed and water were provided ad li bitum. All experimental data were subjected to the analysis of variance test (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multi range test. Result showed that dietary arachon of skipjack tuna in diet up to 15 % exert no significant difference ( P > 0,05) compared to control on final weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage. It can be concluded that the arachon of skipjack tuna in diet can be substituted to basal diet up to 15 %.
Resolution of the taxonomic status of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given
Weed control in dormant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with active ingredients’ metribuzin, imazetapyr and pronamide

Field trials were conducted during 2008 – 2010 to evaluate weed control in dormant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with metribuzin, imazetapyr and pronamide. The weed population in all experimental years was consisted mainly of annual winter and spring grass and broadleaf weeds, and some perennial weeds. The number of weed species and weed density increased with the years of alfalfa growing, from second to the fourth year. Weed density in the untreated control plots was 201.0, 217.2 and 240.5 plants per m2 in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. The most dominant weeds were Anthemis cotula, Capsell bursa-pastoris and Taraxacum officinale in 2008, Alopecurus myosuroides and Poa pratensis in 2009 and Millium vernale and Arabidopsis thaliana in 2010. Efficacy of herbicides in control of weeds was ranged of 91.8% (pronamide) to 98.4% (metribuzin 1.0 kg*ha-1) in 2008, 93.1% (imazetapyr) to 97.3% (metribuzin 1.0 kg*ha-1) in 2009 and 92.1% (imazetapyr) to 97.3% (metribuzin 1.0 kg*ha-1) in 2010, respectively. Efficacy of herbicides in control of prevailing weeds during the 3 years field trial period was ranged of 48.5% to 100.0%. No visual alfalfa injured was determined by any rates during the experimental period, and consequently, none of the applied herbicides reduced first-harvest alfalfa yields. Alfalfa yield was markedly affected by herbicide efficacy in all experimental years, particularly in the second year, where yields of herbicide treatments were similar to that of the weed free control.
Effects of Nitrate and Cytokinin on Nitrogen Metabolism and Heat Stress Tolerance of Creeping Bentgrass

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis Stolonifera L.) is a C3 perennial grass species widely used as a major low-cut turfgrass species worldwide. Little information is available for the diurnal variation in nitrogen metabolism of creeping bentgrass, particularly the impact of cytokinin (CK) and nitrate. To gain an insight into the diurnal fluctuation of nitrogen metabolism and effect of CK and nitrate the transcript abundance of the major nitrogen metabolism enzymes in shoots were studied during the day/night cycle (14/8 h), including nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR), plastidic glutamine synthetase (GS2), ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). In the meanwhile, changes in the nitrogen metabolites (total protein, total free amino acids, nitrate, and ammonium) were monitored. All the measured parameters exhibited clear diurnal changes with either similar or even higher levels between certain phase of light and dark period, except GS2 expression and total protein. Both NR expression and nitrate content in shoots showed a peak at 4:30 (8.5 h in dark), indicating a close relationship between diurnal changes of these two. Nitrate nutrition increased diurnal variation of nitrate content, showing an over 2-fold diurnal difference instead of a 63% and 81% difference for control and grass treated
The nutritive value of roughages before and after mastication by oesophageally fistulated sheep.

Soluble carbohydrate levels were 1.4% lower (P<O.O5) in extrusa than in the feed consumed, but the regression equation developed was not different from Y = x due to high variability. We conclude that while DOM, NDF and N may be accurately predicted from extrusa, SC levels are less reliable and this may be due to soluble material bypassing the fistula. (
Short Communication: Waterbird species distribution between natural and manmade wetland in Himalayan foothills of Uttarakhand, India

Abstract. Saini V, Joshi K, Bhatt D, Singh A, Joshi R. 2017. Short Communication: Waterbird species distribution between natural and manmade wetland in Himalayan foothills of Uttarakhand, India. Biodiversitas 18: 334-340. A comparative study on waterbird diversity and abundance was conducted at natural and man-made wetland of District Hardwar from 2010 to 2013. A total of 37 waterbirds belonging to 11 families were recorded of which 14 species were winter migrant in the wetlands of the study area. Among these waterbird species, two species viz. Black-necked Stork, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus; River Lapwing, Vanellus duvaucelii were near threatened (IUCN status Ver. 2013.1.) and two species namely Woolly-necked Stork, Ciconia episcopus; andÂ Marbled Duck, Marmaronetta angustirostris were Vulnerable (IUCN status). The avian species diversity and abundance were recorded significantly high (t = 4.16, p < 0.01) at natural wetland site. It is also observed that vegetation variety and food availability is the responsible causes of waterbird species variation in the natural and manmade wetland. The results of this study suggest that freshwater natural wetland site is more suitable habitat for short and long-distance water migratory birds. This natural wetland should be protected to enhance the abundance and diversity of water migrant community.Keywords: Diversity, man-made wetland, migratory species, natural wetland
Deep convolutional neural networks allow analysis of cell motility during stem cell differentiation and neoplastic transformation

Cells in culture display diverse motility behaviors. In multiple contexts, motility behaviors reflect broader cell function, providing motivation to discriminate between different motility behaviors. Current methods to do so rely upon manual feature engineering. However, the types of features necessary to distinguish between motility behaviors can vary greatly depending on the biological context, and it is not always clear which features may be most predictive in each setting for distinguishing particular cell types or disease states. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a class of machine learning models ideally suited to the analysis of spatial data, allowing for relevant spatial features to be learned as parameters of a model. Given that motility data is inherently spatial, CNNs are a promising approach to learn relevant features for motility analysis from data, rather than requiring a domain expert to engineer features by hand. Here, we apply CNNs to classify different motility behaviors by representing motility as a 3D space with markers denoting a cell’s location at each time point. 3D CNNs provide accurate classification of several simulated motility behaviors, the motility behaviors of multiple cell types, and characteristic motility behaviors of commitment states in myogenic cells. Autoencoders were trained effectively to learn representations of these 3D motility spaces in an unsupervised manner. We show that this approach can achieve reliable detection of differentiation state for muscle stem cells and better-than-chance detection of neoplastic transformation in a cancer cell model. The variety of cell type differences we can detect suggests that the algorithm is generally applicable to novel cell types. While we have applied these methods to the analysis of cell motility, our scheme for representing motion spatially for analysis by CNNs is generalizable to other motion classification problems.
Isolation and identification of bacterial protease enzyme of leather waste

The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify bacteria which produced protease enzyme from liquid and solid waste of tannery, and their characterization of enzymatic activities. The bacterial isolation used a sample of liquid and solid waste from leather waste which taken from a different waste reservoirs (three liquid waste and one solid waste in unhairing phase). Data of the isolated bacteria, OD 600 nm bacterial growth, the identification of bacteria, and enzyme precipitation with 60% ammonium sulfate were analyzed descriptively. The colony diameter, diameter of clear zone, proteolytic index, and enzymatic activities characterization on difference of pH and temperature were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design, followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The second sample from four samples of the isolated bacteria was tested further for their proteolytic activity. The morphology of the colony was circle, white, flat ledges and convex elevation, the basal cell morphology was red, gram-negative, non-motile, catalase positive and gelatin negative. The highest activity of enzyme on pH 11 with activity unit enzyme 45,18±1,77 U/ml and specific enzyme activity 43,19±1,69 U/mg and temperature of 40°C activity unit enzyme 54,02±1,89 U/ml and specific enzyme activity 51,65±1,8 U/mg. The activity of enzyme from protease were precipitated ammonium sulfate 60% showed a higher result of (75,8 U/ml) rather than rough protease.
Effect of severing skeletal muscle at different stage of rigor on the quality of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Effect of severing skeletal muscle (by beheading) at different stages of rigor on the quality of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during ice storage was assessed by physical, chemical, and sensory evaluation. Shrimps were divided into three lots, one lot (T1) beheaded immediately after killing, 2nd (T2), and 3rd (T3) lots were beheaded after 5 h and 35 h post-mortem corresponding to pre-rigor, in-rigor, and post-rigor stages, respectively. There was an increase in the moisture content in all the treatments during the storage. PV, TVB-N, and TMA-N values also increased with the storage time, though the values of all these parameters were well within the acceptable limits. Total protein, Sarcoplasmic protein, NPN, and water holding capacity showed a decreasing trend in all the treatments. Hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness values did not differ significantly (p ≤ .05) between the treatments. L* value showed a decreasing trend throughout the study. Information provided in this study can serve as baseline for postharvest preservative treatments of crustacea products. Practical applications This work examined the effect of the time of beheading on the quality of shrimps in ice storage. No work ever looked at the possibility of whether the quality of shrimp varies if its skeletal muscle is severed (by beheading) during pre-rigor, on-rigor, and post-rigor stages. The ice storage studies of three lots demonstrated similar deterioration of quality, without significant differences among the lots. This strongly suggests that the transportation of the whole shrimps to a processing factory at a distant site provides no comparative advantage in terms of quality.
Proteomic Characterisation of Two Strains of Mycoplasma mycoides Subsp.Mycoides of Differing Pathogenicity

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides (Mmm) is a major pathogen of cattle, causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a severe–frequently fatal-disease that is widespread in sub-tropical countries. Despite recognition as a pathogen in the 19th century and advances made through genome sequencing and synthetic biology, many of the molecular characteristics of Mmm remain poorly characterized. Using a proteomics approach, this study aimed to define Mmm major protein determinants, including surface membrane proteins and those involved in host colonization and pathogenicity. For this purpose, both whole cells and a Triton X-114 enriched membrane fraction of a highly pathogenic African field strain (N6) and a vaccine strain (KH3J) were analysed and compared using gelbased methodologies i.e. 2-DGE and SDS-PAGE in combination with MALDI-MS/MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS. A total of 318 proteins, (around 31% of the predicted proteome) were identified, comprising lipoproteins, prolipoproteins and hypothetical proteins with predicted membrane locations and possible roles in pathogenicity. One hundred and forty-five of these proteins, with different predicted sub-cellular locations and functions but also including uncharacterized proteins, have not previously been reported as expressed by Mmm. Many more proteins were detected by LC-ESI-MS/MS (n=315) than by 2-DGE and MALDI-MS (n=52), however 3 proteins were detected only by the latter approach. Most proteins were observed to be common to both strains although a substantial number of proteins were detected exclusively in only one strain with possible implications for fitness and pathogenicity. To our knowledge, this study represents the most extensive proteomics characterization of Mmm to date and has identified characteristics on which to base future studies of the physiology and pathogenicity of this prokaryote.
Altitudinal patterns of maximum plant height on the Tibetan Plateau

Several studies have shown that plant height changes along environmental gradients. However, altitudinal patterns of plant height across species are still unclear, especially in regions sensitive to climate change. As canopy height decreases dramatically near the tree line in alpine areas, we hypothesize that plant height across all species also decreases with increasing altitude, and distinct thresholds exist along this gradient. Using a large dataset of maximum plant height and elevation range (400 to 6000 m a.s.l.) of 4295 angiosperms from the regional flora of the Tibetan Plateau, we regressed plant height for every 100 m belt against elevation to explore the relationships. To identify the approximate boundaries where dramatic changes in plant height occurs for herbaceous plants, shrubs, trees, woody plants and all angiosperms, we used piecewise linear regression. Phylogenetically independent contrast was used to test the potential evolutionary influences on altitudinal patterns at the family level. Results showed that for herbaceous plants, shrubs, trees, woody plants and all angiosperms, plant height decreases significantly as altitude increases. In addition, we found that altitude, a proxy for many environmental factors, had obvious thresholds (breakpoints) dictating patterns of plant height. The results of phylogenetically independent contrast also emphasized the importance of evolutionary history in determining the altitudinal patterns of plant height for some growth forms. Our results highlight the relative intense filtering effect of environmental factors in shaping patterns of functional traits and how this could vary for different ranges of environmental variables.