Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extra short 4mm implants used to rehabilitation of atrophic posterior mandible. A serial case reports

Rehabilitation of patients through implants in areas with severe bone resorption in the posterior mandible is a challenge in implant dentistry. In this context, extra short implants configure a treatment option for this type of patient, as they can avoid increased financial cost, treatment time and patient morbidity. The present study evaluated the marginal bone stability in individualized extra-short implants for masticatory function in the posterior mandible. Using digitized periapical radiographs of 13 extra-short implants performed on 7 patients. The mesial and distal regions of each implant were selected, from the bone crest to the region parallel to the apex, and the bone stability of this crest was measured using the Image J software immediate T1 and 1 year after rehabilitation (T2). The height of the bone crest remained stable, showing no statistically significant difference between T1 and T2 (p> 0.005) for both the mesial bone crest and the distal bone crest in individual or united crowns rehabilitation. Marginal bone stability was observed in extra short implants, corroborating the biological and biomechanical stability of these implants presented in the literature. Despite the limited sample size and proservation time, extra-short implants are predictive treatment options for patients with severe bone atrophy in the posterior mandible. Key words:Extra-short implants, marginal bone loss, mandibular bone atrophy.
PATH ERRORS IN SUGARCANE TRANSSHIPMENT TRAILERS

The need for accuracy in sugarcane machine traffic has boosted the adoption of automatic steering systems. These have been used in tractors pulling transhipment trailers. Such sets are long and articulated, which hinders their performance and benefits due to alignments in curved and laterally sloped paths. In this sense, this study aimed to quantify shifts in direction to which tractors and transshipment trailers are subjected while traveling straight and curved paths on different terrain slopes. We evaluated an internal transport system composed of one tractor and two three-axle transshipment trailers, equipped with GNSS receivers and RTK correction system, for their respective positioning. Pass-to-pass errors were evaluated by differences in orthogonal distance between antenna positioning and a reference line. Results showed that misalignment errors of tractor and trailer sets are strongly associated with path type and terrain lateral slope, besides being increasingly affected between set parts. Trailer path errors were above acceptable limits, thereby complementary solutions are needed regarding tractor automatic steering.
Systematics of the freshwater red algal family Lemaneaceae in North America

Abstract Multivariate morphometrics and image analysis were used to determine the number of well-distinguished taxa in the freshwater red algal family Lemaneaceae (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) from North America. Length, width, stalking, branching, presence of axial cortical filaments and spermatangial sorus size and shape were assessed. Two genera, Lemanea Bory and Paralemanea (P.C. Silva) stat. nov. (= Lemanea subgenus Paralemanea P.C. Silva), were recognized using internal anatomical and spermatangial features. Lemanea has no cortical filaments around the central axis, T- or L-shaped ray cells closely applied to the outer cortex and spermatangia in patches, whereas Paralemanea has cortical filaments around the central axis, simple ray cells that do not abut the outer cortex, and nodal spermatangial rings. Cluster analysis, based on the Gower similarity coefficient, revealed six distinct morphological entities, three with characteristics of Lemanea and three with characteristics of Paralemanea. These .
Time to tracheostomy impacts overall outcomes in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND The morbidity associated with cervical spine injury increases in the setting of concomitant cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI). A significant proportion of these patients require placement of a tracheostomy. However, it remains unclear if timing to tracheostomy following traumatic CSCI can impact outcomes. The aim of our study was to characterize outcomes associated with tracheostomy timing following traumatic CSCI. METHODS We performed a 5-year (2010-2014) analysis of the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database and included all adult (age, ≥18 years) trauma patients who had traumatic CSCI and received tracheostomy. Patients were subdivided into two groups: early tracheostomy (ET) (≤4 days from initial intubation) and late tracheostomy (LT) (>4 days). Outcome measures included respiratory complications, ventilator-free days, intensive care unit-free days and hospital length of stay, and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 5,980 patients were included in the study, of which 1,010 (17%) patients received ET, while 4,970 (83%) patients received LT. Mean age was 46 years, and 73% were men. In terms of CSCI location, 48% of the patients had high CSCI (C1-C4), while 52% had low CSCI (C5-C7). Patients in the ET group had lower rates of respiratory complications (30% vs. 46%, p = 0.01), higher ventilator-free days (13 days vs. 9 days; p = 0.02), intensive care unit-free days (11 days vs. 8 days; p = 0.01), and a shorter hospital length of stay (22 days vs. 29 days; p = 0.01) compared with those in the LT group. On regression analysis, ET was associated with lower rates of respiratory complications in patients with high CSCI (odds ratio, 0.55 [0.41-0.81]) and low CSCI (odds ratio, 0.93 [0.72-0.95]). However, no association was found between time to tracheostomy and in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION Early tracheostomy regardless of CSCI level may lead to improved outcomes. Quality improvement efforts should focus on defining the optimal time to tracheostomy and considering ET as a component of SCI management bundle. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, level IV.
Molecular Cloning and mRNA Expression of the Porcine Insulin-responsive Glucose Transporter (GLUT4)

Insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is a member of the glucose transporter family and mainly presents in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. To clarify the molecular structure of porcine GLUT4, RACE was used to clone its cDNA. Several cDNA clones corresponding to different regions of GLUT4 were obtained by amplifying reverse-transcriptase products of total RNA extracted from Landrace porcine skeletal muscles. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA clones revealed that porcine GLUT4 cDNA was composed of 2,491 base pairs with a coding region of 509 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence was over 90% identical to human, rabbit and cattle GLUT4. The tissue distribution of GLUT4 was also examined by Real-time RT-PCR. The mRNA expression abundance of GLUT4 was heart>liver, skeletal muscle and brain>lung, kidney and intestine. The developmental expression of GLUT4 and insulin receptor (IR) was also examined by Real-time RT-PCR using total RNA extracted from longissimus dorsi (LM), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (SD) muscle of Landrace at the age of 1, 7, 30, 60 and 90 d. It was shown that there was significant difference in the mRNA expression level of GLUT4 in skeletal muscles of Landrace at different ages (p 0.05). These results showed that the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA clones was highly identical with human, rabbit and cattle GLUT4 and the developmental change of GLUT4 mRNA in skeletal muscles was similar to that of IR, suggesting that porcine GLUT4 might be an insulin-responsive glucose transporter. Moreover, the tissue distribution of GLUT4 mRNA showed that GLUT4 might be an important nutritional transporter in porcine skeletal muscles.
Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on pain threshold in exercise trained rats under light-induced functional pinealectomy

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) typically reported during and/or following exercise, but less is known the mechanisms responsible for EIH. Previous reports suggest that melatonin plays a role in pain modulation. In this study, we investigated the role of melatonin on pain threshold at rest, and following exercise in both sedentary and exercise trained rats under light-induced functional pinealectomy. Male wistar rats were assigned to one of four groups: sedentary control (C), sedentary pinealectomized (Px), exercise trained (T), and trained under pinealectomy (T-Px) groups. Exercise trained groups were subjected to eight weeks of motor-driven treadmill exercise. C and T groups exposed to normal light/dark cycle (12:12-h light/dark cycle) and Px and T-Px rats exposed to continuous light for eight weeks. Hot-plate test was repeated before and after melatonin injection and paw withdrawal latencies were recorded as pain threshold. Acute exercise resulted increased pain threshold in all groups. Animals in T group had significantly highest pain thresholds compared with other groups, and pinealectomy resulted decreased pain threshold in trained animals both at rest, and following exercise. Pain threshold in T-Px group was found to be increased after melatonin administration. Our findings support the hypothesis that melatonin plays a role on hypoalgesic response in exercise-trained rats.
Soil Acidity Indices, Nutrient Availability and Plant Growth through Amelioration Practices in Adjacent Coal-mine Paddy Soil

Potential adjacent coal mine paddy soils often endure low soil and plant productivity through unscientific mining activities causing acid mine drainage. But the extent of its effect to soil is not known, therefore the study was taken to characterize coal mine affected lowland fields on the basis of soil acidity, identify the best amelioration practices and evaluate the performance on rice productivity at farmers’ field level. An experiment with a completely randomised block design (5 replicates) was performed to determine the effects of poultry manure (PM), compost (C), lime (L), paper mill sludge (PMS) and microbial consortium (MC) with their suitable combination through pot experimentation at College of Post Graduate Studies followed by the preeminent selected practices at field trials at Khliehriat, Meghalaya. The factors used were PM and C (10 t ha -1 ), L as CaCO3, PMS (250 and 500 kg ha) and MC were incorporated at appropriate rates. On categorization, two Original Research Article Lyngdoh et al.; CJAST, 39(7): 7-19, 2020; Article no.CJAST. 55676 8 locations were found to exhibit extremely pH acid soil (pH 4.51 ± 0.51) i.e. Moonlakhep (L1) and ultra pH soil (pH 3.14 ± 0.23) i.e. Ladrymbai (L2). Integration of practices showed significant increase in soil acidic indices such as soil pH by 6% to 23% and significant decrease in exchangeable acidity by 49% to 18% with T4 at both locations. Confined increases of soil organic carbon by 12% to 40% with enhanced available soil nutrients by 40% at high optimum rates were noticed. Yield attributes were significantly influenced by different treatments. Highest plant height (83.58 cm and 81.32 cm), grain yield (3436 kg ha -1 and 3120 kg ha -1 ) were recorded under the practices of T4. However, stover yield (7875 kgha ) was noticed in T8 at L1 and at L2 maximum in T4 (7420 kgha -1 ). Soil acidic indices, nutrient and crop growth were influenced at high optimum rates of soil amendment and enhanced with PM amended soil.
Phosphate flow into mycorrhizal roots

Ectotrophic mycorrhizas have been studied intensively and their value to some tree species is well known. Endotrophic mycorrhizas have received less attention and their potential value to plants has only been fully substantiated within the last 12 years. Responses of the host to mycorrhizal infection seem always to be associated with improved phosphorus nutrition of the plant. The mechanism whereby this occurs is considered. There is evidence that the ultimate limitation on phosphorus uptake by a simple cylindrical root is the diffusion impedance in the soil around it, and that widely spreading hyphae effectively short-circuit this impedance. Some data on hyphal length, and estimated net flux of phosphorus through the hyphae are given, with a discussion of possible mechanisms driving this flux.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN THE TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATE GONYAULAX MONILATA 1

The sexual cycle of Gonyaulax monilata Howell was observed in stationary cultures and in nitrogen‐deficient medium. The armored, isogamous gametes fuse in a characteristic manner with cingula at oblique angles. Nuclear fusion lags slightly behind cytoplasmic fusion. The zygote enlarges for several days. The dark, double‐flagellated planozygote encysts within 1–3 wk. Early hypnozygotes are round to ovoid and contain lipid and one or two large golden‐yellow globules. As the hypnozygote matures, the globules become smaller and the cytoplasm darkens and pulls from the wall. All cysts examined contained only one nucleus. A very dark, uninucleate post‐hypnozygotic cell escapes through an archeopyle and within 24 h divides into daughter cells which divide in 24–48 h forming a small chain. The production of thick walled zygates in culture implies that such resting stages in marine sediments could serve as a source stock for blooms. This species causes toxic red tides and the existence of benthic “seed beds” consisting of hypnozygotes is now plausible.
Machine Learning Prediction of Surface Segregation Energies on Low Index Bimetallic Surfaces

Surface chemical composition of bimetallic catalysts can differ from the bulk composition because of the segregation of the alloy components. Thus, it is very useful to know how the different components are arranged on the surface of catalysts to gain a fundamental understanding of the catalysis occurring on bimetallic surfaces. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations can provide deeper insight into the surface segregation behavior and help understand the surface composition on bimetallic surfaces. However, the DFT calculations are computationally demanding and require large computing platforms. In this regard, statistical/machine learning methods provide a quick and alternative approach to study materials properties. Here, we trained previously reported surface segregation energies on low index surfaces of bimetallic catalysts using various linear and non-linear statistical methods to find a correlation between surface segregation energies and elemental properties. The results revealed that the surface segregation energies on low index bimetallic surfaces can be predicted using fundamental elemental properties.
Analysis of the Importance of Job Insecurity, Psychological Safety and Job Satisfaction in the CSR-Performance Link

Existing works on the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and performance have investigated how CSR affects external stakeholders (e.g., shareholders, customers, local communities, and environment). However, the effect of CSR on internal stakeholders such as employees who ultimately determine organizational performance is relatively underexplored. Institutional theory suggests that institutional enablers, e.g., CSR practices, influence macro-level variables, like organizational performance, via micro-level intermediating processes, such as perceptions, attitudes and behaviors of employees. Thus, this paper proposes that internal mechanisms are essential to explain the CSR-performance link. Using a 3-wave time-lagged survey data of 301 workers in South Korean firms (144 men and 157 women, average age: 40.30), this research examines how psychological safety and job satisfaction of an employee function as sequential mediators in the CSR-performance link. Moreover, the current research also investigates how job insecurity negatively moderates the link between CSR and psychological safety. The results demonstrated that psychological safety and job satisfaction function as sequential internal mediators in the link. In addition, job insecurity negatively moderated the influence of CSR on psychological safety. The results suggest that an employee’s perceptions and attitudes, such as job insecurity, psychological safety, and job satisfaction, significantly influence the relationship between CSR and performance.
Location-Based Analyses for Electronic Monitoring of Parolees

This study analyses the spatio-temporal pattern of parolees using electronic monitoring, where the developed spatial framework supports the Environmental Criminology concepts such as crime patterns or crime attractive locations. A grid-based solution for spatio-temporal analyses is introduced to ensure the anonymity of the parolees. In order to test these developed concepts, the Istanbul Metropolitan Area was selected as the pilot study area. Following the developed concepts of the Crime Pattern Theory, a spatial framework was designed. A novel grid-based weighted algorithm for the most attractive areas was generated via spatial point-of-interest data and a conducted survey among police officers. The designed framework and the spatio-temporal analyses were carried out for 77 parolees using geostatistical methods. The major findings of the study are (a) 24-hour trajectories of each parolee was monitored; (b) the most attractive grids within the city were defined; and (c) for each parolee, the entrance time to the grid and the time spent within that grid were reported and analyzed. This study is a preliminary study for spatio-temporal detection of parolees’ trajectories, where location-based analyses serve well. This study aims to aid decision-makers to better monitor the parolees and justify the benefits of surveillance.
Pest management in fodder cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) through mixed‐and inter‐cropping in India

Abstract In a study of the effects of inter‐cropping and mixed‐cropping of cowpea and sorghum during the kharif, 1982 and 1983, the incidence of leafhoppers and the damage caused by defoliators were most reduced in a row inter‐crop, less in mixed, within row, farming and least in a pure crop of cowpea. Greater green fodder and dry‐matter yields of cowpea were obtained in inter‐crop between rows and in mixed‐crop, within row farming.
Growth and oil production of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) in the Ord Irrigation Area, Western Australia

Experiments with irrigated lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) have shown that high oil yields can be obtained in the Ord Irrigation area, Western Australia. The highest oil yield of 419 1 ha-1 over a 360 day period was obtained when the plants were cut at 60 day intervals and at a height of 20 cm. Longer intervals and higher cutting heights gave lower oil yields, although in some cases, fresh and dry matter yields were increased. Studies on the effect of water stress showed that time between irrigations in the dry season should not be more than ten days if oil yields are to be maintained. Wilting of cut lemongrass in the dry season was shown to result in a loss of oil, with losses increasing with the duration of wilting up to 11 hours. Under irrigated conditions, lemongrass removed large quantities of nutrients, particularly potassium. Over the 360 day period, maximum amounts of N, P and K removed were 186, 26 and 384 kg ha-1 respectively.
Foraging Efficiency and Body Size: A Study of Optimal Diet and Habitat Use by Bluegills

A foraging model was developed to predict the optimal diet breadth and maximum energetic intake of a given-sized fish foraging in each of three aquatic habitats: the open water, vegetation, and bare sediments. Model parameters of prey encounter rates and prey handling times were quantified as functions of fish size, prey density, and prey size through a series of laboratory feeding experiments using the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Results of these experiments show both searching ability and prey handling efficiency to increase with increasing fish size. Predictions of prey size selection and optimal habitat use based upon maximizing energetic gain were then examined in a small Michigan lake for three size classes of bluegills. Bluegills >100 mm standard length were highly size selective in their feeding and their diets closely matched predictions of an optimal diet model. From two estimates of relative prey visibilities I show that these fish selected larger prey items than would be predicted if prey were consumed "as encountered. " Habitat use of large bluegills was also shown to maximize foraging return as fish switched from utilizing vegetation- living prey to utilizing open-water zooplankton as relative foraging profitabilities in the two habitats changed across the summer. Bluegills < 100 mm standard length were restricted in their habitat use, remaining in or near the vegetation despite demonstrated increases in foraging return available in the open-water habitat. Size-related predation risk apparently accounts for differences in habitat use between bluegill size classes, and its consequences for intra- and interspecific competition between size classes are discussed.
THE PRACTICE OF TEACHING READING SKILLS: PREPARATORY SCHOOL IN FOCUS

The study was conducted to assess the practice of teaching reading skill of grade twelve at Fasiledes Preparatory School. Out of 910 students and 10 English teachers , six teachers and three hundred fourteen students were selected using simple random sampling technique, lottery method in particular. The head of the department who worked as a supervisor was chosen purposively. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview and classroom observations. Fourteen closed ended questions consisting of Likert Scale type were administered to students and these items were again used for observation check list. Each teacher was observed four times with a total of twenty four observations and triangulated with students’ response and interview result of the supervisor. The data were discussed quantitatively and qualitatively. The data obtained from questionnaire of students was analyzed using percentages and mean values with the integration of observation results which was analyzed using percentages. The finding in the pre reading stage with grand mean 2.2 which is less than the expected mean 3 indicated that teachers rarely implemented this stage. The mean values 2.9 and 2.3 of respondents showed that teachers practiced sometimes and rarely to while and post reading stages respectively. These results are also supported by the findings gained from interview and classroom observations. Generally,most teachers do not teach the three reading stages properly. Therefore, teachers should be given on job training about teaching reading skill. School supervisors should observe the practice of reading in the classroom and assist teachers so that there will be a better teaching learning process. reading on assessing students perception on the frequency of teachers
Nitrogen, Potassium, Sulfur, and Boron Fertilization of Canola

(.)These field experiments were conducted at Brownstown, IL, on a Cisne silt loam soil (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Mollic Albaqualf) and at Urbana, IL, on a Flanagan silt loam soil (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll). (.)Sufficiency levels for Illinois conditions are 2.0 to 3.5% K, 0.4 to 0.5% S, and 20 to 30 ppm B, respectively