Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zirconia Based Dental Biomaterials: Structure, Mechanical Properties, Biocompatibility, Surface Modification, and Applications as Implant

Zirconia, with its excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, biocompatibility, and negligible thermal conductivity, is ideal for dental and orthopedic applications. In addition, the biocompatibility of zirconia has been studied in vivo, and no adverse reactions were observed when zirconia samples were inserted into bone. However, their use is controversial among dentists and researchers, especially when compared with mature implants made of titanium alloy. The advantages and limitations of zirconia as biomaterials, such as implant materials, need to be carefully studied, and the design, manufacture, and clinical operation guidelines are urgently required. In this review, the special components, microstructure, mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and the application of zirconia ceramics in biomaterials are detailly introduced. The review highlights discussions on how to implement innovative strategies to design the physical and chemical properties of zirconia so that the treated zirconia can provide better osteointegration after implantation.
Review on Coronavirus Disease Association with Comorbidities

: With the development and dissemination of 2019 newfangled Coronavirus, acknowledge as the grievous acute respiratory indisposition Covid-2, a newfangled public health contingency is minacious global (SARS-CoV-2). China province Wuhan Hubei has revealed the virus in bats as the root cradle and ancestral to humans via a clandestine intermediary species in December 2019. During the 5th of December 2020 broadly around 96,000 database cases of Coronavirus illness and 3300 were indexed mortalities. The Covid-19 variant is contingency through inhalation or tangency with unhygienic droplets variant carrier, within two days up to two weeks of the incubation period. Diagnostics that are manifested with a huge number of people might be cough, sore throat, fever, dyspnea, weariness, and malaise. Nonetheless, it can thrive to pneumonia, acute respiring distress syndrome, and multi-organ collapse in some people (predominantly those with comorbidities and the aged people), being asymptomatic. Average white cell counts, with respect to high C-reactive protein, are general test results, the same individual without diagnostics or moderate illness, a computed tomographic chest scan will manifest abnormal. Recently the disinterred of vaccine as well as precede antiviral pills treatment is primarily sympathetic for the Covid-19 prevention and victims. Other sympathetic methodology such as home quarantine of distrusted cases and those with moderate disease, perpendicular with tight infection control techniques in hospitals, including getting in touch and droplet safety measures, are all part of the prevention techniques. Despite all measures, the global consequences of this new disease are still unknown due to virus mutation.
Combustion and Magnetohydrodynamic Processes in Advanced Pulse Detonation Rocket Engines

A number of promising alternative rocket propulsion concepts have been developed over the past two decades that take advantage of unsteady combustion waves in order to produce thrust. These concepts include the Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine (PDRE), in which repetitive ignition, propagation, and reflection of detonations and shocks can create a high pressure chamber from which gases may be exhausted in a controlled manner. The Pulse Detonation Rocket Induced Magnetohydrodynamic Ejector (PDRIME) is a modification of the basic PDRE concept, developed by Cambier (1998), which has the potential for performance improvements based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thrust augmentation. The PDRIME has the advantage of both low combustion chamber seeding pressure, per the PDRE concept, and efficient energy distribution in the system, per the rocket-induced MHD ejector (RIME) concept of Cole, et al. (1995). In the initial part of this thesis, we explore flow and performance characteristics of different configurations of the PDRIME, assuming quasi-one-dimensional transient flow and global representations of the effects of MHD phenomena on the gas dynamics. By utilizing high-order accurate solvers, we thus are able o investigate the fundamental physical processes associated with the PDRIME and PDRE concepts and identify potentially promising operating regimes.In the second part of this investigation, the detailed coupling of detonations and electric and magnetic fields are explored. First, a one-dimensional spark-ignited detonation with complex reaction kinetics is fully evaluated and the mechanisms for the different instabilities are analyzed. It is found that complex kinetics in addition to sufficient spatial resolution are required to be able to quantify high frequency as well as low frequency detonation instability modes. Armed with this quantitative understanding, we then examine the interaction of a propagating detonation and the applied MHD, both in one-dimensional and two-dimensional transient simulations. The dynamics of the detonation are found to be affected by the application of magnetic and electric fields. We find that the regularity of one-dimensional cesium-seeded detonations can be ignificantly altered by reasonable applied magnetic fields (Bz &le 8T ), but that it takes a stronger applied field (Bz > 16T ) to significantly alter the cellular structure and detonation velocity of a two-dimensional detonation in the time in which these phenomena were observed. This observation is likely attributed to the additional coupling of the two-dimensional detonation with the transverse waves, which are not captured in the one-dimensional simulations. Future studies involving full ionization kinetics including collisional-radiative processes, will be used to examine these processes in further detail.
HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY OF THE IC 443 PULSAR WIND NEBULA AND ENVIRONS

Deep Chandra ACIS observations of the region around the putative pulsar, CXOU J061705.3+222127, in the supernova remnant (SNR) IC 443 reveal an ∼5″ radius ring-like structure surrounding the pulsar and a jet-like feature oriented roughly north–south across the ring and through the pulsar's location at 06h17m5. ˢ200 + 22°21′27. ″52 (J2000.0 coordinates). The observations further confirm that (1) the spectrum and flux of the central object are consistent with a rotation-powered pulsar, (2) the non-thermal spectrum and morphology of the surrounding nebula are consistent with a pulsar wind, and (3) the spectrum at greater distances is consistent with thermal emission from the SNR. The cometary shape of the nebula, suggesting motion toward the southwest, appears to be subsonic: There is no evidence either spectrally or morphologically for a bow shock or contact discontinuity; the nearly circular ring is not distorted by motion through the ambient medium; and the shape near the apex of the nebula is narrow. Comparing this observation with previous observations of the same target, we set a 99% confidence upper limit to the proper motion of CXOU J061705.3+222127 to be less than 44 mas yr−1 (310 km s−1 for a distance of 1.5 kpc), with the best-fit (but not statistically significant) projected direction toward the west.
Red turpentine beetle primary attraction to β‐pinene or 3‐carene (with and without ethanol) varies in western US pine forests

Lure attraction strength for red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) observed previously in US Pacific Northwest ponderosa pine forests is (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (+)‐3‐carene+ethanol, but untested elsewhere in its western US range. Thus, both were tested with (−)‐β‐pinene, (+)‐3‐carene, ethanol, and a blank in Oregon and California sites burned by wildfire, whereas in Arizona the first four lures were tested in a thinned‐unburned site. The D. valens responses in burned Oregon and California sites were similar, (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (−)‐β‐pinene > 3‐carene = 3‐carene+ethanol > ethanol > blank, whereas in the cut‐unburned Arizona site it was 3‐carene+ethanol > 3‐carene = (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol > (−)‐β‐pinene. Whether this variation was influenced by beetle genetic differences, or chemical and physical parameters in the different environments and remaining stressed host resources 1‐year post disturbance warrants additional study. Responses to (−)‐β‐pinene varied, from a stronger attractant than (+)‐3‐carene in Oregon and California, to a weaker lure than (+)‐3‐carene in Arizona. This (−)‐β‐pinene variability was minimized when released in combination with ethanol, making (−)‐β‐pinene+ethanol the most consistent attractant of those tested across the three states, and a reliable lure for detection, monitoring, and management projects for D. valens in western US pine forests.
A z ∼ 5.7 Lyα EMISSION LINE WITH AN ULTRABROAD RED WING

Using the Lyα emission line as a tracer of high-redshift, star-forming galaxies, hundreds of Lyα emission line galaxies (LAEs) at z > 5 have been detected. These LAEs are considered to be low-mass young galaxies, critical to the re-ionization of the universe and the metal enrichment of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and the intergalactic medium (IGM). It is assumed that outflows in LAEs can help both ionizing photons and Lyα photons escape from galaxies. However, we still know little about the outflows in high-redshift LAEs due to observational difficulties, especially at redshift >5. Models of Lyα radiative transfer predict asymmetric Lyα line profiles with broad red wings in LAEs with outflows. Here, we report a z ∼ 5.7 Lyα emission line with a broad red wing extending to >1000 km s−1 relative to the peak of Lyα line, which has been detected in only a couple of z > 5 LAEs until now. If the broad red wing is ascribed to gas outflow instead of active galactic nucleus activity, the outflow velocity could be larger than the escape velocity (∼500 km s−1) of a typical halo mass of z ∼ 5.7 LAEs, which is consistent with the idea that outflows in LAEs disperse metals to CGM and IGM.
Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Chronic Pain

Pain is an unpleasant but essential-to-life sensation, usually resulting from tissue damage. When pain persists long after the injury has resolved, it becomes pathological. The precise molecular and cellular mechanisms causing the transition from acute to chronic pain are not fully understood. A key aspect of pain chronicity is that several plasticity events happen along the neural pathways involved in pain. These long-lasting adaptive changes are enabled by alteration in the expression of relevant genes. Among the different modulators of gene transcription in adaptive processes in the nervous system, epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role. In this review, I will first outline the main classes of epigenetic mediators and then discuss their implications in chronic pain.
You Don’t Look Sick: Voices of Music Educators Living With Chronic Illnesses

The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of music educators at varying career stages and teaching positions who experience chronic illnesses. Participants (n = 8) represented a variety of chronic illnesses and self-identified career stages. Research questions centered on how participants described navigating their chronic illnesses and how their illnesses impacted or influenced their work. Data included individual and focus group interviews. We found two themes. The first theme connected to realities and misconceptions of illness, including living with ever-present and often invisible symptoms and unpredictable flare-ups, which led to silence and isolation. The second theme described how participants adjusted their work with an emphasis on flexibility, including personal and professional modifications and considerations due to COVID-19. Recommendations are described in terms of professional support, representation, understanding, communication, community, self-advocacy, and broadening the scope of teacher wellness.
EXPLORING STUDENTS PERCEPTION AND BELIEF TOWARD THE INTERNET USAGE IN ENGLISH LEARNING

Since the spread of Covid 19 pandemic around the world, the utilization of internet as online media is a must. The use of internet in the education field stresses on students to hugely adapt their learning process. Therefore, this study aimed at finding to explore of students’ perception and belief toward the internet usage in terms of what their perception and belief toward the internet usage, how correlation between their perception and belief toward the internet usage and what differences between male and female students on the perception and belief toward the internet usage. This study recruited 25 junior high school students. The data was gathered via questionnaire. The findings highlighted three points. The first point was that students gained positive perception and belief toward the internet usage in learning. The second point was that the existence of correlations between the perception and belief (significance two tailed at .044). However, the correlation was at the moderate level (r-value at .551). The third point was that there were no differences between male and female students in their perception (significance two tailed at .623) and belief (significance two tailed at .891) toward the internet usage. The suggestions are offered pedagogics and future researches AbstrakSejak merebaknya pandemi Covid 19 di seluruh dunia, penggunaan internet sebagai media daring adalah suatu keharusan. Penggunaan internet di dunia pendidikan menekankan kepada para siswa secara massif untuk beradaptasi selama proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi para siswa dan juga keyakinan mereka terhadap penggunaan internet dalam hal bagaiamana persepsi para siswa dan keyakinan mereka terhadap penggunaan internet untuk media pembelajaran, bagaiamana korelasi antara persepsi dan keyakinan mereka terhadap penggunaan internet, dan apa perbedaan antara persepsi dan keyakinan siswa laki – laki dan perempuan terhadap penggunaan internet. Penelitian ini merekrut 25 siswa sekolah menengah pertama. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket. Hasil penelitian ini teridir dari tiga poin. Poin pertama bahwa para siswa mempunyai perspei dan keyakinan yang baik terhadap penggunaan internet untuk media pembelajran mereka. Poin kedua bahwa adanya korelasi antara persepsi dengan keyakinan terkait penggunaan internet untuk media pembelajaran (nilai signifikan pada 0.044). Tetapi, korelasi tersebut ada pada level menengah (nilai R pada 0.551). poin ketiga bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara para sisqa laki laki dan perempuan terkait persepsi (nilai signifikan 0.623) dan keyakinan (nilai signifikan 0.891) mereka di dalam penggunaan internet. Saran – saran diberikan dalam kontek pedagogik and penelitain kedepannya.
Mapping Commodities Production Level of Vegetables and Fruits in Kolaka District

Farming development in the agricultural sector in Kolaka District has challenges in markets, supply, and production. This study aimed to analyze seasonal cropland phenomena' scaling and distribution principles, focusing on vegetable and fruit crops. This type of research is descriptive and quantitative. The research location is in Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data collection technique used data from Kolaka District in Figures 2020 and the Kolaka Regional Medium-Term Development document. The data analysis technique uses a scaling method presented in the form of an interval table. Then the data is viewed from the point of view of the principle of economic geography distribution. The results of this study, firstly, the potential harvest area spread in each sub-district is chili with ? 158 hectares, then long beans, spinach, and kale. Second, seasonal fruit and vegetable production distribution in each sub-district is 2,048 quintals of chili, followed by eggplant, kale, long beans, and spinach. Meanwhile, data on scaling in harvested areas is very lacking, production potential is very less, and production levels are less. The recommendations for the potential development location of fruit and vegetable agriculture is Iwoimendaa Sub-district.
Upper and Lower Bounds for Stochastic Processes: Modern Methods and Classical Problems

0. Introduction. - 1. Philosophy and Overview of the Book. - 2. Gaussian Processes and the Generic Chaining. - 3. Random Fourier Series and Trigonometric Sums, I. - 4. Matching Theorems I. - 5. Bernouilli Processes. - 6. Trees and the Art of Lower Bounds. - 7. Random Fourier Series and Trigonometric Sums, II. - 8. Processes Related to Gaussian Processes. - 9. Theory and Practice of Empirical Processes. - 10. Partition Scheme for Families of Distances. - 11. Infinitely Divisible Processes. - 12. The Fundamental Conjectures. - 13. Convergence of Orthogonal Series Majorizing Measures. - 14. Matching Theorems, II: Shor's Matching Theorem. 15. The Ultimate Matching Theorem in Dimension => 3. - 16. Applications to Banach Space Theory. - 17. Appendix: What this Book is Really About. - 18. Appendix: Continuity. - References. Index.
The Prevalence of Tuberculosis among BCG Vaccinated Individuals at the North West Region of Cameroon

Aims: This study focuses as it main objective to determine the effectiveness of early BCG vaccination in preventing tuberculosis. Study Design: It was a cross sectional descriptive study. The study population being all early BCG vaccinated individuals. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out from March to June 2017 at the Saint Elizabeth General Hospital Shisong, situated in Kumbo Town (Bui Division), North West region of Cameroon. Methodology: It was based on the administration of a structured questionnaire to all early BCG vaccinated individuals. Biological data were obtained from sputum collected from participants. Sputum was analyzed using Xpert MTB/RIF assay which simultaneously detects MTB-complex and rifampin resistance strain by amplifying and identifying a MTB-complex specific sequence of the rpoB gene. Results: This finding shows an overall prevalence of 13.08% on early BCG vaccinated individuals seeking medical care at the Saint Elizabeth General Hospital Shisong. The prevalence of TB in HIV positive subjects was 22.05%. The occurrence was high among HIV subjects not living on ART, 6 (33.33%) against 3 (13%) in HIV subject on ART. This study also showed that male patients 11 (15.94%) developed TB compared to female patients 3 (7.89%). The rate of infection, 9 (28.13%) occurring within the age range of > 28 - 38 associated to the development of TB with no correlation. Drinking habit was found to be associated with the development of TB with weak correlation and the occurrence of TB do not seem to be associated drinking duration. Conclusion: These results show the necessity of the application of a suitable measure to prevent TB in adults, especially those at high risk of developing the disease irrespective of early childhood BCG vaccination status.
Pricing Strategy for the Organic Eggs: Willingness to Pay and Hedonic Price Approaches

Organic eggs have been marketed to provide safe food and protect the environment sustainability all at once. However, the high price is being an obstacle to expanding the organic egg market in East Java Province. The aims of this research were to analyze the factors that influence the willingness to pay (WTP) and hedonic prices of organic eggs and to formulate pricing strategies. This research was conducted by using an online survey method in East Java Province, Indonesia. The survey was conducted from May to July 2021. The obtained data were analyzed by using multinomial logistic, linear regression, and descriptive analysis. The results showed that 26.4% of consumers were willing to pay for organic eggs 10% more than the current price. The factor that influenced WTP was product quality. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the price were the eggs taste and the organic label. The results showed that market players of organic egg agribusiness still have the opportunity to increase the price of organic eggs. However, they must inform consumers about the health benefits of organic eggs and include them on the organic eggs label.
“They Make Heavy Stuff Lighter.” Youth Workers in the Hospital Setting: A Service Evaluation

ABSTRACT This article presents the findings of a service evaluation on the role of the youth worker offered to young people in the hospital setting across the United Kingdom and what differentiates the role of the youth worker from other health-care professionals, as described by young people, parents, and members of the existing multidisciplinary team. Young people, parents, and members of multidisciplinary teams were approached by a youth worker in the hospital regarding the purpose of the evaluation and the online survey relating to their views and experiences of working with a youth worker in the hospital setting. Data were analyzed descriptively. The n value represents the total number of responses: Young people 11–25 years (n = 47), mothers/fathers (n = 16), and members of the multidisciplinary team (n = 76). The findings suggested that the youth worker was highly valued by all, with a consensus that they had a positive impact on the experiences of young people, their parents, and members of the multidisciplinary teams. Youth workers were reported as offering a more relatable style of engagement that connected with young people on a different and more informal level than other members of the multidisciplinary team. Their approach to the support provided was also different as their focus was guided by what young people valued. Youth workers acted as the bridge between young people, their parents, and the multidisciplinary team and were considered by the multidisciplinary teams to be a fundamental ingredient when working with young people in the hospital setting. The findings from this evaluation provide unique insights into the role the youth worker offers to young people in hospital settings that is different from what other health-care professionals provide, as reported by young people, parents, and the multidisciplinary team. However, further evaluation of the service should include objective outcome measures of the role and in-depth qualitative research to gain a greater and more detailed understanding of young peoples’, parents’, and members of the multidisciplinary team’s views and experiences of what makes this role different.
Role of Organizational Culture and Performance of Bumdesa in Improving the Rural Economy

This study aims to analyze the role of BUMDesaa organizational culture and employees on improving the rural economy, especially for BUMDesaa organizations. In this study, the number of samples used was 102 respondents with the saturated sample method. Methods of collecting data are interviews and questionnaires using a Likert scale, as well as distributing questionnaires using Google Form. The data analysis technique was carried out using Path Analysis (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM PLS). The results showed that: Organizational culture positive, Performance, and Job satisfaction have a positive effect on the improvement of the rural economy. Organizational Culture has no effect on job satisfaction, but Performance has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Organizational culture and Performance have a positive effect on improving the rural economy through job satisfaction. Based on these results, it can be explained that organizational culture and performance can improve the rural economy of BUMDesa if employee job satisfaction increases. Increasing employee satisfaction determines the form of organizational culture and performance achievement