Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Signing NOT (or not): A typological perspective on standard negation in Sign Language of the Netherlands

The expression of standard negation by means of manual and/or non-manual markers has been described for a considerable number of sign languages. Typological comparisons have revealed an intriguing dichotomy: while some sign languages require a manual negative element in negative clauses (manual dominant sign languages), in others negation can be realized by a non-manual marker alone (non-manual dominant sign languages). In this paper, we add to the picture data from Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT), and we demonstrate that NGT belongs to the latter group. Still, a typological comparison suggests that NGT patterns differently from other non-manual dominant sign languages. The NGT data thus add to our understanding of the typological variation attested in this domain. A novel contribution of the present study is that it is based on naturalistic corpus data, which presents us with more structural variation than is usually found in the relevant studies on individual sign languages. The implications of this data type are also discussed.
Cull Rates of Dairy Cattle with Antibodies to Bovine Leukemia Virus 1

Therelationshipof cullrateto agewasinvestigatedretrospec tively in dairy cows with and without antibodiesto bovineleu kemiavirus(BLV). Bankedserafromeightannualherdtests on one 200-cowherdwere testedfor presenceof BLV antibodies by agar-gelimmunodiffusionusing the M, 51,000glycoprotein antigenof BLV.Age-specificcull rateswerecomputedfor BLVantibody-positiveandantibody-negativecowsyearlyfrom2 to 7 yearsof age.Cullrates,transformedby theArc-sinsquareroot, were analyzedby weightedregression.Transformedcull rates increasedsignificantlyasBLV-antibody-positive cowsaged(onetailedP = 0.023)but not as antibody-negativecows aged(onetailedP = 0.59). A Mantel-Byarsurvivalanalysisshowedsignifi cantlylongersurvivalbeyond3.5 yearsof ageamongantibodynegativecows thanamongantibody-positivecows(P = 0.008).
A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of In- and Cross-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Bilayer Graphene

Efficient thermal management of modern electronics requires the use of thin films with highly anisotropic thermal conductivity. Such films enable the effective dissipation of excess heat along one direction while simultaneously providing thermal insulation along the perpendicular direction. This study employs non-equilibrium molecular dynamics to investigate the thermal conductivity of bilayer graphene (BLG) sheets, examining both in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities. The in-plane thermal conductivity of 10 nm × 10 nm BLG with zigzag and armchair edges at room temperature is found to be around 204 W/m·K and 124 W/m·K, respectively. The in-plane thermal conductivity of BLG increases with sheet length. BLG with zigzag edges consistently exhibits 30–40% higher thermal conductivity than BLG with armchair edges. In addition, increasing temperature from 300 K to 600 K decreases the in-plane thermal conductivity of a 10 nm × 10 nm zigzag BLG by about 34%. Similarly, the application of a 12.5% tensile strain induces a 51% reduction in its thermal conductivity compared to the strain-free values. Armchair configurations exhibit similar responses to variations in temperature and strain, but with less sensitivity. Furthermore, the cross-plane thermal conductivity of BLG at 300 K is estimated to be 0.05 W/m·K, significantly lower than the in-plane results. The cross-plane thermal conductance of BLG decreases with increasing temperatures, specifically, at 600 K, its value is almost 16% of that observed at 300 K.
The Peru earthquake of October 17, 1966

Abstract Seismological results on the destructive Peru earthquake ( M = 7.5) include: determination of epicenter, isoseismal map, tsunami observations, and some correlations between intensity and geologic factors. The epicenter was located off the coast of central Peru, about 190 kilometers northwest of Lima. Isoseismals were elongated in the direction of the coast line. The intensity exceeded VIII in the region of Huacho, and reached VII in Lima. There are indications, however, that accelerations and frequencies were both higher than would be expected in the regions for which the Modified Mercalli Scale was developed. Local high intensities were frequently correlated with the occurrence of recent alluvium. Analysis of tsunami travel times shows that the Peru Trench acts as a high-velocity channel which refracts wave energy to the coast in advance of the expected arrival over the direct path.
A Mactrid Bivalve from Pleistocene Deposits of Lake Russell, Mono Basin, California

Rangia des Moulins, 1832 is a small genus of mactrid bivalves that is currently distributed in estuarine waters of the eastern United States, Gulf of Mexico, and Gulf of California (Keen, 1971; Abbott, 1974). (One congener, R. cuneata [Sowerby, 1831], was recently introduced to the Antwerp (Belgium) harbor [Verween et al., 2006]. ) Although these clams are euryhaline and capable of living in freshwater as adults, they require an estuarine-like salinity regime for successful reproduction and recruitment (Cain, 1973; Hopkins et al., 1974), which has constrained their ability to penetrate the North American continental interior through coastal drainages (Cain, 1974; Swingle and Brand, 1974). the Neogene and Quaternary fossil record of the genus is also restricted to coastal or near-coastal marine-influenced depositional systems, with the exception of Holocene specimens of R. cuneata from two archeological sites in the central United States which were obviously introduced by humans (Baker, 1941; Hill, 1983), and a Pleistocene(? ) occurrence of this species from along the Pecos River in New Mexico (more than 800 km from the sea) which has been attributed to transport of Gulf Coast immigrants on waterfowl (Metcalf, 1980; Taylor, 1985). Here we provide fossil evidence that the biogeographic history of this predominantly brackish-coastal genus also includes avian-assisted colonization of a far inland lake in the western United States—Pleistocene Lake Russell, Mono Basin, California (Fig. 1).
Animal welfare, etológia és tartástechnológia Animal welfare, ethology and housing systems

The content of selected risk elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mg, Na, K) in the femora of bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) from Kolíňany area (Slovakia) which is characterized by a high degree of environmental pollution was investigated in the present study. The rodents were trapped in this locality in February 2011. Higher concentrations of Mg and Na were detected in the bones of wood mouse in comparison with those of bank vole (P<0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni were significantly higher in the bones of both species in our study in comparison with the values which were obtained in the same animal species on the same site in February 2007. Therefore, our results demonstrate increased accumulation of these elements in the femora of Myodes glareolus and Apodemus sylvaticus and thus give an evidence of still ongoing contamination of this locality.
Animal welfare, etológia és tartástechnológia Animal welfare, ethology and housing systems

Amygdalin is a controversial anti-tumor natural product found in plants of the Rosaceae family that has been used as an alternative cancer drug for many years. One of the most widely distributed trichothecene contaminating food and animal feed is deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium species. Deoxynivalenol has adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops that result in illnesses. The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigated the effect of natural compound amygdalin at the selected doses (1, 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 μg/ml) in combination with deoxynivalenol (1000 ng/ml) on secretion of steroid hormones (progesterone and estradiol) by ovarian granulosa cells from non-cyclic gilts. The release of progesterone and estradiol by granulosa cells was significantly (P≤0.05) increased in experimental group with the highest dose of amygdalin (10 000 μg/ml) in combination with deoxynivalenol (1000 ng/ml) compared to control group without administration of the natural compounds. On the other hand no significant differences in secretion of both steroid hormones were observed. Results from our study suggest possible effects of amygdalin in combination with mycotoxin-deoxynivalenol on secretion activity of porcine ovarian granulosa cells and possible involvement in the steroidogenesis.
An Exploratory Study to Develop a Geotourism Typology Model Based on the Experience and the Importance of Geotourism in the Decision to Visit a Destination

This paper offers a starting point to the development of a future geotourism typology model through the adaptation of McKercher's (2002) cultural tourism typology model. This approach is tested by surveying visitors from Crystal Cave in Yanchep National Park, Western Australia. The results indicate a need to include some new elements and adapt some of the existing cultural tourism typologies to fit the geotourism context. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
APATITE AND ZIRCON FISSION TRACK DATA,EVIDENCES FOR THE MESOZOIC-CENOZOIC UPLIFT OF HUANGLING DOME,CENTRAL CHINA

Based on fission-track dating evidences from 8 apatite samples and 3 zircon samples and on the modeled time-temperature thermal history,the Mesozoic-Cenozoic uplifting process of Huangling dome was quantitatively studied.The results indicated that the Mesozoic-Cenozoic uplifting process of Huangling dome since the Late Triassic could be divided into four stages with continuous uplifting and cooling:① the first stage of slow uplifting during 200 Ma~160 Ma;② the second stage of rapid uplifting cooling event at 160 Ma~98.4 Ma;③ following by a period of relative thermal stability;④ the fourth stage of a new phase of accelerated uplifting during 36.7 Ma~28.4 Ma to present.Two rapid uplifting indicated that there were two intense tectonic activities.Dangyang subbasin and Yichang clinoform were favorable for petroleum migration and accumulation in middle Yangtze block.
Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Part 1: An Introduction to Educational Research 1. The Process and Approaches of Research Part 2: The Steps in the Process of Research 2. Identifying a Research Problem 3. Reviewing the Literature 4. Specifying a Purpose and Research Questions or Hypotheses 5. Collecting Quantitative Data 6. Analyzing and Interpreting Quantitative Data 7. Collecting Qualitative Data 8. Analyzing and Interpreting Qualitative Data 9. Reporting and Evaluating Research Part 3: Research Designs 10. Experimental Designs 11. Correlational Designs 12. Survey Designs 13. Grounded Theory Designs 14. Ethnographic Designs 15. Narrative Research Designs 16. Mixed Methods Designs 17. Action Research Designs
Edge Magnetism in MoS2 Nanoribbons: Insights from a Simple One-Dimensional Model

Edge magnetism in zigzag nanoribbons of monolayer MoS2 has been investigated with both density functional theory and a tight-binding plus Hubbard (TB+U) Hamiltonian. Both methods revealed that one band crossing the Fermi level is more strongly influenced by spin polarization than any other bands. This band originates from states localized on the sulfur edge of the nanoribbon. Its dispersion closely resembles that of the energy branch obtained in a linear chain of atoms with first-neighbor interaction. By exploiting this resemblance, a toy model has been designed to study the energetics of different spin configurations of the nanoribbon edge.
A mechanism for the formation of methane hydrate and seafloor bottom‐simulating reflectors by vertical fluid expulsion

Bottom-simulating reflectors (BSR) are observed commonly at a depth of several hundred meters below the seafloor in continental margin sedimentary sections that have undergone recent tectonic consolidation or rapid accumulation. They are believed to correspond to the deepest level at which methane hydrate (clathrate) is stable. We present a model in which BSR hydrate layers are formed through the removal of methane from upward moving pore fluids as they pass into the hydrate stability field. In this model, most of the methane is generated below the level of hydrate stability, but not at depths sufficient for significant thermogenic production; the methane is primarily biogenic in origin. The model requires either a mechanism to remove dissolved methane from the pore fluids or disseminated free gas carried upward with the pore fluid. The model accounts for the evidence that the hydrate is concentrated in a layer at the base of the stability field, for the source of the large amount of methane contained in the hydrate, and for BSRs being common only in special environments. Strong upward fluid expulsion into the hydrate stability field does not occur in normal sediment depositional regimes, so BSRs are uncommon. Upward fluid expulsion does occur as a result of tectonic thickening and loading in subduction zone accretionary wedges and in areas where rapid deposition results in initial undercconsolidation. In these areas hydrate BSRs are common. The most poorly quantified aspect of the model is the efficiency with which methane is removed and hydrate is formed as pore fluids pass into the hydrate stability field. The critical boundary in the phase diagram between the fluid-plus-hydrate and fluid-only fields is not well constrained. However, the amount of methane required to form the hydrate and limited data on methane concentrations in pore fluids from deep-sea boreholes suggest very efficient removal of methane from rising fluid that may contain less than the amount required for free gas production. In most fluid expulsion regimes, the quantity of fluid moved upward to the seafloor is great enough to continually remove the excess chloride and the residue of isotope fractionation resulting from hydrate formation. Thus, as observed in borehole data, there are no large chloride or isotope anomalies remaining in the local pore fluids. The differences in the concentration of methane and probably of CO2 in the pore fluid above and below the base of the stability field may have a significant influence on early sediment diagenetic reactions.
Effective Antiviral Application of Antisense in Plants by Exploiting Accessible Sites in the Target RNA

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASOs) have long been used to selectively inhibit or modulate gene expression at the RNA level, and some ASOs are approved for clinical use. However, the practicability of antisense technologies remains limited by the difficulty of reliably predicting the sites accessible to ASOs in complex folded RNAs. Recently, we applied a plant-based method that reproduces RNA-induced RNA silencing in vitro to reliably identify sites in target RNAs that are accessible to small interfering RNA (siRNA)-guided Argonaute endonucleases. Here, we show that this method is also suitable for identifying ASOs that are effective in DNA-induced RNA silencing by RNases H. We show that ASOs identified in this way that target a viral genome are comparably effective in protecting plants from infection as siRNAs with the corresponding sequence. The antiviral activity of the ASOs could be further enhanced by chemical modification. This led to two important conclusions: siRNAs and ASOs that can effectively knock down complex RNA molecules can be identified using the same approach, and ASOs optimized in this way could find application in crop protection. The technology developed here could be useful not only for effective RNA silencing in plants but also in other organisms.
A retrospective observational study

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome commonly encountered in critically ill patients, and systemic inflammation has been strongly implicated to underlie its pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU). In this retrospective observational study, we analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of 319 ICU patients fromOctober 2016 to December 2017. Using the LocallyWeighted Scatterplot Smoothing technique, a PLR knot was detected at a value of approximately 100. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between the PLR and delirium.Of the 319 patients included in this study, 29 (9.1%) were diagnosed with delirium. In the delirium group, the duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly longer than that in the no-delirium group (40.2±65.5 vs. 19.9±26.5hours, respectively; P< .001). Amultiple logistic regression analysis showed that PLR> 100 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.003, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001– 1.005), age (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.110–6.861), and the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to the inspired oxygen fraction (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.992–0.999) were independent predictors of delirium.In our study, a high PLR value on ICU admission was associated with a higher incidence of delirium. Owing to easy calculability, the PLR could be a useful delirium predictive index in ICUs, thereby enabling early interventions to be implemented. Abbreviations: APACHE II = acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, CI = confidence interval, ICU = intensive care unit, IL = interleukin, LOS = length of stay, OR = odds ratio, PaO2/FiO2 = ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to the inspired oxygen fraction.
A retrospective observational study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread on a global scale. Therefore, it is urgent to identify risk factors that could be associated with severe type of COVID-19 from common type. For this retrospective study, we recruited patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan and Zhoukou. Patients were classified into a severe group and common group based on guidelines after admission. Clinical manifestations and laboratory tests were compared, and univariate binary logistic regression and multivariate regression analyses were applied to assess potential risk factors. A total of 126 patients were recruited from January 23 toMarch 23, 2020. Ninety cases were identified as the common type and 36 as the severe type. The average age in the severe group was significantly older than that in the common group (P= .008). Patients with severe COVID-19 exhibited higher proportions of dyspnea (P= .001), weakness (P= .023), and diarrhea (P= .046). Moreover, there were more patients with hypertension (P= .01) or coinfection (P= .001) in the severe group than in the common group. Additionally, severe COVID-19 was associated with increased neutrophil counts (P< .001), C-reactive protein (P< .001), procalcitonin (P= .024) and decreased lymphocyte counts (P= .001), hemoglobin (P< .001), total protein (TP) (P< .001), and albumin (ALB) (P< .001). Based on logistic regression analysis, dyspnea (P< .001), TP (P= .042), and ALB (P= .003) were independent risk factors for severe disease. Patients with lower TP, ALB, and dyspnea should be carefully monitored, and early intervention should be implemented to prevent the development of severe disease. Abbreviations: ACE2 = angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACEI = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ALB = albumin, ARBs = angiotensin receptor blockers, COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, CRP = C-reactive protein, NEU = neutrophil, PCT = procalcitonin, SARS-Cov-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome, TP = total protein.
Geochemical Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments along the Coast Surrounding Haicang, Xiamen

The contents of 7 heavy metals (Fe、Mn、Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni) in surface sediments are studied and their distribution, interrelation and main resources are discussed along the coast surrounding Haicang Economic Development Zone, Xiamen. The results show that contents of heavy metals are well distributed in the surface of sediments, and Pb、Zn、Co are higher than those of Cu、Ni, and the contents of trace metals are not controlled by the Fe Mn oxides. The main resources of heavy metals are from terrestrial weathering products and minitype metal beds. Those take on the ubiquitous geochemical characteristics of the sediments in the rivermouths and bays distributing along the coast areas in Fujian province.
POLISH JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES

The paper presents results of studies from the years 2009–2010, aiming at the determination of quality attributes and technological properties of grain as well as produced bread, depending on sprinkling irrigation and nitrogen fertilisation of winter triticale cv. Gniewko. The first order factor was the water variant (non-irrigated, irrigated by sprinkling), while the second order factor was nitrogen fertilisation (0, 60, 90, 120 kg N ha-1). It was found that despite improvement in certain indexes for grain, flour and dough under the influence of sprinkling irrigation and nitrogen fertilisation faults were found in the produced bread, which did not meet requirements for bread for human consumption. A primary cause for poor bread quality was connected with high amylolytic activity of flour. OCENA JAKOŚCI TECHNOLOGICZNEJ ZIARNA I MĄKI PSZENŻYTA OZIMEGO (TRITICOSECALE WITTM.) Z KONTROLOWANYCH WARUNKÓW UPRAWY Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Wiesław Koziara, Hanna Sulewska Katedra Agronomii Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Polska S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: pszenżyto ozime, deszczowanie, nawożenie azotem, mąka, ciasto, chleb. Address: Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland, phone: +48 (61) 848 73 95, e-mail: panas@up.poznan. pl Katarzyna Panasiewicz et al. 90
POLISH JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES

During a floristic study conducted in 2003 in the “Beaver Refuge on the Pasłęka River” reserve (Olsztyn Lakeland, north-eastern Poland), a new stand was found of Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC (a rare species in Poland, one of the glacial epoch survivors) in a humic and forested closed water body within Warmińsko-Mazurskie Province. The aim of the study, conducted in 2013 and presented in this paper, was to confirm the presence of the stand, and to determine the current conservation status of the N. pumila population. In 2003, the occurrence of N. pumila in the southern bay of the lake was found to be only one stand. The study conducted in 2013 confirmed the presence of the species in question in a lake (regionally known as Jeziorko Leśne). In addition, a distinct extension of the range of N. pumila compared to the status in 2003 was observed; currently, the species is found in several dozen stands. As in previous years, N. pumila grew on the bottom of the water body to a depth of approx. 70–90 cm, and developed mainly submerged leaves. It covered the largest areas in the north-eastern part of the lake. Address: Piotr Dynowski, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 1, phone: +48(89) 523 39 80, e-mail: piotr@jezioro.com. pl NOWE STANOWISKO I AKTUALNY STAN ZACHOWANIA POPULACJI NUPHAR PUMILA W WOJEWÓDZTWIE WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKIM Piotr Dynowski, Jacek Herbich, Anna Źróbek-Sokolnik, Jan Dziedzic1, Jacek Kozłowski3 1 Katedra Botaniki i Ochrony Przyrody Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie 2 Katedra Taksonomii Roślin i Ochrony Przyrody Uniwersytet Gdański 3 Katedra Biologii i Hodowli Ryb Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: gatunek zagrożony wyginięciem, relikt glacjalny, obszary chronione, śródleśne jezioro.