Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Communicative Analysis of Language Functions in the Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) Textbooks: The Case of Happy Chinese

This study focused on analyzing the utterances in each dialogue embedded in the Chinese as Foreign Language (CFL) textbooks entitled “Happy Chinese. ” These books are used in Philippine public high schools under the Special Program for Foreign Language - Mandarin. This study utilized the mixed-methods research design and Jakobson's communicative language function model in the analysis and interpretation of quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed that language functions are not equally and fairly distributed in every textbook. The results of this study revealed that in Textbooks 1 and 2, the most observed language function is referential, while in Textbook 3, the most observed language function is phatic. It is observed in all three textbooks that metalinguistic and poetic functions are less frequent. Thus, these textbooks in terms of their communicative ability do not provide comprehensive support for all the six (6) language functions. Hence, the study recommends textbook developers to consider communicative language function as mean to evaluate CFL and other foreign language learning textbooks. Lastly, the results of this study will provide valuable input to the Department of Education, the Philippines in enhancing and improving the instructional materials being used in the implementation of Chinese Mandarin as a foreign language program.
Correlation between physicochemical changes of seeded and seedless watermelons during postharvest storage

The physicochemical changes in fruits can be influenced by postharvest handling during the storage period. The physicochemical properties (firmness, soluble solids content, pH, moisture content, and colour) were analysed over seven interval days to observe the changes between the seeded and seedless watermelons. The results indicated a decrease in the firmness, soluble solids content, and moisture content values, whereas the pH values increased for both seeded and seedless watermelons. The L*, b*, and chroma values increased whereas the a* value reduced. The hue angle value increased for both seeded and seedless watermelons. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the quality changes of both varieties and correlations among the physicochemical properties of watermelon samples. The findings indicated that PCA has the potential to characterise quality changes patterns in the seeded and seedless watermelons during storage and could establish the basis of major impact on the determination of fruit quality.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN PERUBAHAN, KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, STRUKTUR ORGANISASI, BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

Employee performance is an interesting topic researched, because employee performance determines organizational sustainability. This study analyzes the effect of: Change Management on employee performance, Transformational Leadership on employee performance, Organizational Structure on employee performance, Organizational Culture on employee performance, Work Discipline on Employee Performance, and analyzing the effects of change management, transformational leadership, organizational structure, and discipline work performance of employees. The study population was 97 employees of PKM Group. The research sample is the same as the population of 97 employees. The sampling technique used is the saturation or census sampling technique. This research is a quantitative study, with statistical analysis using the method of Multiple Linear Regression with SPSS software. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that Management Change has a significant effect on Employee Performance, Transformational Leadership has a significant effect on Employee Performance, Organizational Structure has a significant effect on Employee Performance, Organizational Culture has a significant effect on Employee Performance, Work Discipline has a significant effect on Employee Performance, and Change Management, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Structure, Organizational Culture, and Work Discipline have a significant effect on Employee Performance. Kinerja karyawan merupakan topik yang menarik diteliti, karena kinerja karyawan menentukan keberlanjutan organisasi. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh: Manajemen Perubahan terhadap kinerja karyawan, Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan, Struktur Organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, Budaya Organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, dan menganalisis pengaruh manajemen perubahan, kepemimpinan transformasional, struktur organisasi, dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan PKM Group sebanyak 97 karyawan. Sampel penelitian ini sama dengan populasi yakni 97 karyawan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh atau sensus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan analisis statistik menggunakan metode Regresi Linear Berganda dengan software SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat ditarik kesimpulan Manajemen Perubahan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, Kepemimpinan Transformasional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, Struktur Organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, Budaya Organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, Disiplin Kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, dan Manajemen Perubahan, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Struktur Organisasi, Budaya Organisasi, dan Disiplin Kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan.
Crime distortion within the NYPD: a potential method for estimating crime misclassification within CompStat statistics

ABSTRACT Since the advent of CompStat in 1994, the NYPD contends that felony crimes have decreased throughout NYC, specifically within the seven-major felony index crime categories. Previous work from Eterno and Silverman has suggested that the scope of the decrease was duplicitous and exaggerated due to the department's widespread practice of crime distortion. However, previous research has never attempted to quantify this phenomenon. This study addresses a critical gap within the existing CompStat literature by attempting to capture the magnitude of crime distortion. Using secondary crime data from the NYPD, the current study will examine burglaries and the suspected downward misclassifications, occurring within all NYC precincts, at the aggregate level, during the period between 2000 and 2013. The goals of this research are to identify and summarize any precinct-level patterns of potential crime distortion using semi-parametric group-based trajectory modeling and multinomial logistic regression techniques.
Performance enhancement of low temperature processed tin oxide as an electron transport layer for perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

Most of the SnO2‐based perovskite cells (PSC) are either fabricated in a controlled environment or have low energy conversion efficiencies. In this research, we used a low‐temperature processed SnO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) and fabricated planar PSC via a spin coating technique under ambient condition. By adjusting the concentration of SnO2 precursor solution, the efficiency of PSC was enhanced from 4% to 9%. Furthermore, different weight ratios of 3D‐structured crumpled graphene oxide (CGO), which was synthesized using a one‐step furnace aerosol reactor, were introduced into the SnO2 ETL to improve the PSC performance. The 0.25% CGO ratio resulted in a cell with highest Jsc of 21 mA/cm2 and the efficiency of 11%. Photoluminescence measurements also showed the benefit of doping SnO2 layer with CGO in charge transfer in the ETL and from the perovskite layer suppressing carrier recombination. The SnO2‐based ETL with the presence of CGO can be a promising ETL for low‐cost planar PSCs as well as tandem cells, fabricated under ambient condition.
The effect of mathematics anxiety on the achievement of middle school students in Amman

This study aims to investigate whether student anxiety about the subject of mathematics has any effect on the achievement of middle-school students in Amman, Jordan. It also aims to investigate whether student gender plays a role. The study sample consists of 180 seventh grade students enrolled in Amman public schools during the 2018/2019 academic year. These are distributed into three levels of anxiety as displayed by the students: low, middle, and high. Then, math anxiety measurements are collected, the validity and reliability for which are verified. The results reveal that there are statistically-significant differences in achievement between the middle level of math anxiety and the two other extremes. It is found that middle anxiety level have a positive effect on achievement, whereas for low and high math anxiety levels, no differences in achievement are perceived. In addition, no statistically significant differences (α≤0.01) were found between males and females with regards to math anxiety; and there is no interaction between the level of math anxiety and gender in achievement.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Pterodecta felderi (Lepidoptera: Callidulidae)

Abstract We report the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Pterodecta felderi (Callidulidae: Lepidoptera), which is the first mitogenome sequences in the family Callidulidae, a monotypic family in the superfamily Calliduloidea. The 15,340-bp long complete mitogenome consists of a typical set of genes (13 protein-coding genes [PCGs], 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes) and 1 major non-coding A + T-rich region, which are arranged in a way that is frequently observed in Lepidoptera. Of the 13 PCGs, 12 P. felderi start with ATN, except for COI, which starts with CGA. The P. felderi mitogenome consists of 210-bp long intergenic-spacer sequences and 27-bp long overlaps. Phylogenetic analysis of superfamilial relationships in the lepidopteran clade Obtectomera with concatenated sequences of the 13 PCGs and 2 rRNA genes using the Bayesian inference method showed that Calliduloidea, which is only represented by P. felderi, was placed as the most basal lineage about Macroheterocera (Lasiocampoidea, Bombycoidea, Mimallonoidea, Noctuoidea, and Drepanoidea), Papilionoidea, and Pyraloidea.
Automatic assessment of bone age in Taiwanese children: A comparison of the Greulich and Pyle method and the Tanner and Whitehouse 3 method

Proper bone age assessment is crucial for the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of treatment responses. We investigated the applicability of Greulich and Pyle (GP), and Tanner and Whitehouse 3 (TW3) methods for children in modern Taiwan, using computer‐aided diagnosis. Hand and wrist radiographs were obtained from 611 children (3‐17 years) who came to our emergency department due to trauma. Ages 0 to 2 years old were excluded because of a limited number of cases. Skeletal maturation was assessed using the BoneXpert (version 2.5.4.1 automated software), which determines GP and TW3 bone age. The two scoring systems were evaluated for comparing the chronological ages in each subgroup. In boys, mean GP bone age vs mean chronological ages were delayed for ages 3 to 11 and advanced for age 12 to 17. In girls, mean GP bone age vs mean chronological ages was delayed for ages 4 to 8 and 17, and advanced for ages 3 and 9 to 17. In boys, the mean TW3 bone ages vs mean chronological ages were delayed for ages 5 to 10 except age 8, and advanced for ages 3 to 4, 8, and 11 to 15. In girls, the mean TW3 bone ages vs mean chronological ages were delayed for ages 4 to 12, and advanced for ages 3 and 13 to 14. By using the BoneXpert automatic software, we established bone age reference standards for children in Taiwan. Clinical application of GP and TW3 scoring methods can be adjusted according to our results to better assess bone age.
The Effect of the Perceived Utility of a Management Control System with a Broad Scope on the Use of Food Waste Information and on Financial and Non-Financial Performances in Restaurants

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of the perceived utility of a management control system with a broad scope on the use of food waste information and on financial and non-financial performances in restaurants. To collect data, a questionnaire was administered in Brazilian restaurants. Data from 206 restaurants were analysed with structural equation modelling, which was performed with SmartPLS software. The results reveal that a management control system of broad scope, which includes non-financial information, is oriented towards the future, and contains an external and long-term focus, assists in the use of information on food waste. In addition, the use of information about food waste by managers improves the financial and non-financial performance of restaurants. The study contributes to the literature by showing that broader information systems are effective in managing food waste, and they can also contribute to improving performance.
How Do Independent Directors View Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) During a Stressful Time? Evidence From the Financial Crisis

Abstract We explore the effect of board independence on CSR investments during a stressful time, i.e. during the Great Recession. Our results show that independent directors exhibit an unfavorable view of CSR investments during the crisis. Stronger board independence leads to a significant reduction in CSR. In particular, a rise in board independence by one standard deviation reduces CSR investments by about 8.22%. Further analysis shows that managers raised CSR investments during the crisis, consistent with the risk-mitigation view, where managers invest in CSR to reduce their risk exposure. However, managers appear to over-invest in CSR during the crisis as they are forced to cut back in the presence of a strong board, implying that part of the CSR investments during the crisis is motivated by managers’ own risk preference. Additional robustness checks corroborate the results, including fixed- and random-effects regressions, propensity score matching, and instrumental-variable analysis. Our study is the first to shed light on how independent directors view CSR during a stressful time. Finally, we show that CSR reduces firm risk substantially during the crisis, strongly confirming the risk-mitigation hypothesis.
Experimental Characterization of Prefabricated Bridge Deck Panels Prepared with Prestressed and Sustainable Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Enhanced quality and reduced on-site construction time are the basic features of prefabricated bridge elements and systems. Prefabricated lightweight bridge decks have already started finding their place in accelerated bridge construction (ABC). Therefore, the development of deck panels using high strength and high performance concrete has become an active area of research. Further optimization in such deck systems is possible using prestressing or replacement of raw materials with sustainable and recyclable materials. This research involves experimental evaluation of six full-depth precast prestressed high strength fiber-reinforced concrete (HSFRC) and six partial-depth sustainable ultra-high performance concrete (sUHPC) composite bridge deck panels. The composite panels comprise UHPC prepared with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) with the replacement of 30% cement content overlaid by recycled aggregate concrete made with replacement of 30% of coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates. The experimental variables for six HSFRC panels were depth, level of prestressing, and shear reinforcement. The six sUHPC panels were prepared with different shear and flexural reinforcements and sUHPC-normal/recycled aggregate concrete interface. Experimental results exhibit the promise of both systems to serve as an alternative to conventional bridge deck systems.
Tetracycline Induces the Formation of Biofilm of Bacteria from Different Phases of Wastewater Treatment

The study monitored the effect of tetracycline on bacterial biofilm formation and compared biofilm formation by resistant bacterial strains in different phases of the wastewater treatment process in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The crystal violet staining method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation. Biofilm-related bacterial properties were characterized by hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and motility tests. The relative abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tetW, tetM, tetO, tetA and tetB) in wastewaters were subsequently quantified using qPCR. The results show that the isolates from the nitrification tank produce biofilm with up to 10 times greater intensity relative to the isolates from the sedimentation tank. In isolates of Aeromonas sp. from the nitrification tank, increased biofilm production in the occurrence of tetracycline from a concentration of 0.03125 µg/mL was observed. The tetW gene showed the highest relative abundance out of all the tested genes. From the sampling points, its abundance was the highest in the sedimentation tank of the WWTP. Based on these results, it can be assumed that resistant bacteria are able to form a biofilm and sub-inhibitory tetracycline concentrations induce biofilm formation. WWTPs thus represent a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and contribute to the spread of resistance in the natural environment.
Impaired Bone Health in Children With Biliary Atresia

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the frequency of rickets and bone fractures and to assess areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in childhood among patients with biliary atresia (BA). Methods: We gathered data on all patients diagnosed with BA in Finland that survived to ≥1 year of age between 1 January 2000 to 30 June 2018. Data on gestational age, birth weight, postsurgical medications, and history of rickets and bone fractures were collected retrospectively. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] postportoenterostomy (PE) were collected. Plain radiographs and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of study subjects were reviewed. Results: Out of 49 patients, 7 (14%) were diagnosed with rickets during infancy. Clearance of jaundice [odds ratio 0.055, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.00266–0.393; P < 0.01] was a protective factor against rickets. Sufficient 25(OH)D levels were reached 3 months post-PE. Eleven (22%) patients suffered at least one bone fracture (range 1–9) during childhood and adolescence. In DXA measurements, median lumbar spine aBMD anthropometrically adjusted z-scores were as follows: in native liver survivors 0.8 (interquartile range [IQR] −1.9 to 1.4) at 5 and −0.3 (IQR −1.3 to 0.8) at 10 years and for liver transplanted patients 0.4 (IQR −0.2 to 1.1) at 5 and 0.6 (IQR −0.1 to 1.3) at 10 years. Conclusions: BA patients have an increased risk for rickets and bone fractures compared with the normal population. Most BA patients have aBMD within normal range between 5 and 10 years of age irrespective of liver transplantation status.
Sustaining Enterprise Operations and Productivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: “Enterprise Effectiveness and Sustainability Model”

The research explores key factors impacting enterprise operational sustainability and the ability to transcend adversity during different stages of a crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study draws from the Theory of Crisis Management Teams, the Stakeholder Theory, and the Distributed Cognition Theory to build an “Enterprise Effectiveness and Sustainability Model during Pandemic. ” Existing theoretical background joint with contemporary success case studies helped to identify the essential aspects and strategies enterprises should employ to survive and thrive during crisis and post-crisis. We have conceptualized an innovative approach to COVID-19 from the perspective of organizational characteristics, operations, digital transformation, and financial planning. The findings suggest that enterprises having distributed leadership, workforce and adaptive culture sustain business operations during a pandemic. Furthermore, resilient enterprises allow for more informed and decentralized decision-making. Prosperous organizations leverage Internet and Communication Technology (ICT) and integrate Intranet, social media, and online communication platforms into their daily business routines, as this helps to establish trust and build bonds with employees, stakeholders, and customers during and post-crisis. Finally, balancing between the stockpiling of resources and resiliency is crucial in anticipation of a crisis. Therefore, we conclude that enterprises with financial contingency plans sustain their business operations during a pandemic.
Fungal Assemblages on Indoor Surfaces with Visible Mold Growth in Homes after the 2016 Flood Disaster in Thailand

Southern Thailand suffers from floods due to heavy rainfalls every year. Post-flood increases in indoor fungi are a public health concern. Here, we investigated fungal assemblages on indoor surfaces with visible mold growth in homes after the 2016 flood disaster in Trang Province in Southern Thailand, using swab sampling followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 region. The most abundant phyla detected were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with respective mean relative abundances of 87% and 13%. The dominant genera and their mean relative abundances were Leptospora (12.0%), Cystobasidium (7.7%), and Pyrenochaetopsis (6.5%). P-tests showed that indoor visible fungal assemblages in flooded homes in Thailand were significantly different from those in the non-flooded mold-laden homes observed in our previous study in South Korea. We detected 20 genera that contain species that can induce type I allergies, including Alternaria (3.8%) and Trichoderma (4.0%). Genera related to infectious, melanized, and toxigenic fungi were also detected. Indoor fungal measurements gathered using a DNA-based approach revealed fungal communities in homes in Thailand and provide important information about the potential health risks. Future research should examine the fungal infections and allergies that might be caused by flood disasters in less well studied tropical countries.
DNA methylation age estimation from human bone and teeth

ABSTRACT Bones and teeth are valuable sources of information in forensic contexts. However, few studies have considered these tissues for DNA methylation (DNAm) analyses in age estimation. The main goal of the present study was to develop DNAm-based age prediction models (APMs) specific for bones and teeth. DNA samples from Portuguese individuals were evaluated through bisulphite Sanger sequencing and a multiplex SNaPshot assay to analyse relationships between DNAm and age. In bones our results allowed to build a final APM through Sanger sequencing with six CpGs at genes ELOVL2, EDARADD and MIR29B2C, explaining 92.5% of age variation, with a mean absolute deviation (MAD) from chronological age of 2.56 years. For teeth, we were unable to build a final multi-locus APM; the best FHL2 CpG4 age predictor explained 41.3% of age variance with a MAD of 11.35 years. The SNaPshot assay allowed to build two final dual-locus APMs with CpGs at FHL2 and KLF14 for bones, explaining 57.6% of age variation (MAD of 7.18 years), and with CpGs at ELOVL2 and KLF14 for teeth, explaining 76.4% of age variation (MAD of 7.07 years). Our study showed the usefulness of bone and tooth samples in evaluation of DNAm levels for age estimation purposes.