Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of an HPLC Method for the Determination of Imatinib Mesylate in Pharmaceutical Dosage

Abstract This paper describes the development and validation of a new, simple, fast, and sensitive liquid chromatographic method for the determination of imatinib mesylate. Imatinib mesylate is not listed in any pharmacopoeia, and there are few methods in the literature for its quantitation in pharmaceutical dosage forms. In this work, a C18 μBondapak® (3.9×150 mm, 5 µm) column was used as the stationary phase, and 30 mM sodium heptane sulphonic acid in 0.01 M KH2PO4 (pH 2.5):MeOH (42:58) was the mobile phase. Detection was performed on a UV detector at 237 nm. Through the evaluation of the analytical parameters, it was shown that the method is linear (r=0.9994) at concentrations ranging from 0.3 mg/mL to 0.8 mg/mL. The relative standard deviation values [RSD] for intra‐ and inter-day precision studies were 1.7 and 2.6. Recoveries ranged between 96.2 and 101.4.
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty results in a better gait pattern than total knee arthroplasty: Gait analysis with a smartphone application

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the smartphone- based gait analysis data of patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Patients and methods Between January 2016 and April 2019, a total of 51 patients (3 males, 48 females; mean age: 60.92 years; range, 51 to 70 years) who were operated with UKA or TKA in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of procedure as the UKA group (n=17) and unilateral TKA group (n=34). Gait analysis was made via a smartphone application (Gait Analyzer software version 0.9.95.0) with data acquired from the accelerometer of the smartphone. This analysis was performed using data collected from the Acceleration Sensor LSM6DSO into the Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus phone. Gait velocity, step time, step length, cadence, step time symmetry, step length symmetry, and vertical COM (vert-COM) parameters were measured. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in respect of age, sex, body mass index, operated side, and follow-up duration. Compared to the TKA group, the UKA patients showed a better gait pattern in gait velocity (p=0.03), step time symmetry (p=0.005), and step length symmetry (p=0.024). No significant difference was detected in step time (p=0.807), step length (p=0.302), cadence (p=0.727) and vert-COM parameters (p=0.608). Conclusion The gait of UKA patients is closer to the physiological pattern with a better gait velocity, step time symmetry, and step length symmetry than TKA patients. The surgical treatment option of UKA for knee medial compartment osteoarthritis leads to a better gait pattern than TKA.
Differential Impact of School Segregation in the Performance of Native and Non-Native Students in Spain

There is evidence of the impact of school segregation on students’ academic achievement, but it is debated whether the extent of this impact is dependent on students’ socioeconomic status, or on their native or non-native condition. This research addresses the problem in Spain, seeking to determine how immigrant and socioeconomic segregation affect the academic achievement of native and non-native students. With this aim, the PISA study database was specially exploited by means of two-tier Multilevel Models, estimating school segregation through the Hutchens Square Root Index. Specifically, the study estimates the influence of school segregation on students’ academic achievement in the subjects of Mathematics, Language and Science. The results confirm that school socioeconomical and immigrant segregation affect students’ academic achievement differently. Whereas socioeconomic segregation negatively affects both groups in all three subjects, immigrant segregation affects non-native students more strongly. Thus, data shows school segregation on socioeconomic grounds is always significant, and always has a considerable impact on achievement, regardless of students’ national origin. School segregation reproduces and accentuates conditions of social injustice. To counter its harmful effects, it is necessary to act first and foremost on socioeconomic segregation, as this causes the most devastating effects in education, particularly for non-native students.
Functional Outcome , Survival and Independent Risk Factors in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage from Chronic Arterial Hypertension

determination of the functional outcome remains more uncertain [18]. Despite advancement in better diagnostic and treatment modalities, the morbidity and mortality associated with this subtype of stroke has remained high over time. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictors of functional outcome and survival in patients who present with spontaneous ICH from chronic arterial hypertension. Hypertensive brain bleed is the most common cause of spICH and it deserves a study solely focused on it. This study aims to determine accurate and reliable clinical and radiological predictors of ICH outcomes in patients with chronic arterial hypertension. This will ultimately lead to optimization of treatment and improve functional outcome. Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (spICH) from chronic arterial hypertension (CAH) carries high morbidity and mortality rate. Objective: This study investigates the functional outcome, survival and predictors of severe disability or death following ICH from CAH. Methods: A prospective study of 75 patients with spICH from CAH. The functional outcome was estimated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) before ICH and at 3, 6 and 12 months after ICH. Results: 75 patients were included (mean age 52 years, 56% males). Percentage of mortality at 1 week was 20%, at 3 months 34%, at 6 months 38%, and at 12 months 42%. Median mRS score before ICH was 1; for survivors at 3, 6 and 12 months, it was 5, 4 and 3 respectively. Independent predictors of severe disability (mRS of 5) or death (mRS of 6) were mRS score before the ICH (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.8, p=0.01), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission (RR 4.3, CI 2.1-6.6, p<0.001), hematoma volume >60ml (RR 3.2, CI 1.8-6.2, p=0.005), infra-tentorial location of ICH (RR 2.2, CI 1.3-5.5, p=0.03), intraventricular hematoma (RR 3.4, CI 2.4-6.8, p<0.001) and BP>180/110 mm Hg for >24 hours after ictus (RR 3.2, CI 1.3-4.5, p=0.002). Conclusion: SpICH from CAH is associated with high mortality, and about one third of survivors end up with severe disability or death 3 months later. Predictors of severe disability or death were functional disability prior to ICH, low GCS on admission, larger hematoma volume, infratentorial location of ICH, persistently elevated BP and intraventricular hematoma.
Perceiving the affordance of string tension for power strokes in badminton: Expertise allows effective use of all string tensions

Affordances mean opportunities for action. These affordances are important for sports performance and relevant to the abilities developed by skilled athletes. In racquet sports such as badminton, different players prefer widely different string tension because it is believed to provide opportunities for effective strokes. The current study examined whether badminton players can perceive the affordance of string tension for power strokes and whether the perception of affordance itself changed as a function of skill level. The results showed that string tension constrained the striking performance of both novice and recreational players, but not of expert players. When perceptual capability was assessed, perceptual mode did not affect perception of the optimal string tension. Skilled players successfully perceived the affordance of string tension, but only experts were concerned about saving energy. Our findings demonstrated that perception of the affordance of string tension in badminton was determined by action abilities. Furthermore, experts could adjust the action to maintain a superior level of performance based on the perception of affordance.
Simulation study of the interaction of some albumin subdomains with a flat graphite surface

We report atomistic computer simulations of some albumin subdomains on a hydrophobic graphite surface. The simulations are carried out in an effective dielectric medium by simple energy minimization and by long molecular dynamics (MD) runs. Further energy minimizations and shorter MD runs in the explicit presence of water are also performed to assess the stability of the geometries found and to describe the change of solvation of the adsorbed subdomains. We find that the initial adsorption is accompanied by significant rearrangements of the strands in contact with the surface, otherwise preserving the secondary structure and the overall globular shape. Much larger rearrangements take place at longer times during the MD runs, eventually yielding a thin layer of amino acids covering the surface as much as possible with complete denaturation. The interaction and strain energies of the adsorbed subdomains are discussed, together with their size and overall shape changes. The proposed adsorption mechanism is f.
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NFKB LIGAND IN DEVELOPING OSTEOPOROSIS IN PSORIATIC AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Objectives: Evaluation of the bone remodeling by determining the serum level of nuclear receptor activator of factor Kappa B ligand (RANKL) involved in bone remodeling as a marker of reabsorption in psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis; the comparison of the serum levels of RANKL with the values of bone mineral density, with the purpose of identifying some useful correlations in the early diagnostic of some complications and identifying the patients that will bene t from speci c treatment. Material and method: Our study has been realized on three groups of patients: group 1 (patients with psoriatic arthritis), group 2 (patients with rheumatoid arthritis) and group 3 (healthy patients). Results: Our study demonstrated an elevation of RANKL serum levels in both types of arthritis, and comparing the serum levels of RANKL with the values of the bone mineral density has proven that there is a strong negative correlation between the RANKL serum levels and the lumbar T score both in the psoriatic arthritis group while in the healthy group the RANKL serum level is in a strong positive correlation. Conclusion: e determination and the monitoring of the serum levels of RANKL could represent a parameter that would allow the appreciation and quantifying of the degree of activity of the disease, as well as a selection criterion of patients who will develop severe bone erosions and who can bene t in timely of speci c therapy. Also the screening of systemic osteoporosis, which can lead to the occurrence of fractures, fractures that represent a feared complication due to the prolonged immobilization and the high costs it involves, represents an easily achievable objective these days with a special importance both for the patient and the sanitary system.
The Comparison of VEP Parameters in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Acute Optic Neuritis

Date of accept: 04 June 2020 ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are idiopathic, autoimmune, and central nervous system inflammatory diseases. The similarity in the clinical course of both diseases creates difficulties in the differential diagnosis. Pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEP) are used at this stage. This study aimed to investigate VEP’s role in the differential diagnosis of MS and NMOSD when the patients apply with acute optic neuritis. Method: The data of 15 relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS) and 10 NMOSD patients (1 seropositive patient) presenting with blurred vision and who were diagnosed with acute optic neuritis were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, disease, and VEP characteristics of the patients were recorded. Results: According to retrospective data obtained from NMOSD patients, the mean P100 latency was 117.3 ± 12.3, and the mean amplitude was 6.1 ± 3.5. When the VEP characteristics obtained from 15 RRMS patients were evaluated, the P100 latency was 131.7 ± 17.3, and the mean P100 amplitude was 8.0 ± 3.0. P100 latency was significantly prolonged in the RRMS group than the NMOSD group, and amplitude was significantly lower in the NMOSD group than the RRMS group. Discussion: Differentiating NMOSD patients with optic neuritis from MS in the early period is very important for preventing permanent visual damage, initiating appropriate treatment, planning treatment, and predicting prognosis. VEP findings in early-stage acute optic neuritis can be used to differentiate clinically challenging both seropositive and seronegative NMOSD patients from patients with MS.
A transcriptomic census reveals that Rbfox contributes to a broad but selective recapitulation of peripheral tissue splicing patterns in the thymus

Thymic epithelial cells (TEC) control the selection of a T-cell repertoire reactive to pathogens but tolerant of self. While this process is known to involve the promiscuous expression of virtually the entire protein-coding gene repertoire the extent to which TEC recapitulate peripheral isoforms, and the mechanisms by which they do so, have remained largely unknown. We performed the first assembly-based transcriptomic census of transcript structures and splicing factor (SF) expression in mouse medullary TEC (mTEC) and 21 peripheral tissues. Mature mTEC expressed 60.1% of all protein-coding transcripts, more than was detected in any of the peripheral tissues. However, for genes with tissue-restricted expression, we found that mTEC produced fewer isoforms than did the relevant peripheral tissues. Analysis of exon inclusion revealed an absence of brain-specific micro-exons in mTEC. We did not find unusual numbers of novel transcripts in TEC and show that Aire, the facilitator of promiscuous gene expression, promotes usage of long transcripts but has only a limited impact on alternative splicing in mTEC. Comprehensive assessment of SF expression in mTEC identified a small set of non-promiscuously expressed SF genes amongst which we confirmed RBFOX to be present with AIRE in mTEC nuclei. Using a conditional loss of function approach, we show that Rbfox2 promotes mTEC development and regulates the alternative splicing of promiscuously expressed genes. These data indicate that TEC recommission a small number of peripheral SFs, including members of the Rbfox family, to generate a broad but selective representation of the peripheral splice isoform repertoire.
Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2

Background: India has been amongst the most affected nations during the SARS CoV2 pandemic, with sparse data on country wide spread of asymptomatic infections and antibody persistence. This longitudinal cohort study was aimed to evaluate SARS CoV2 seropositivity rate as a marker of infection and evaluate temporal persistence of antibodies with neutralization capability and to infer possible risk factors for infection. Methods: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (CSIR) with its more than 40 laboratories and centers in urban and semi urban settings spread across the country piloted the pan country surveillance. 10427 adult individuals working in CSIR laboratories and their family members based on voluntary participation were assessed for antibody presence and stability was analyzed over 6 months utilizing qualitative Elecysys SARS CoV2 specific antibody kit and GENScript cPass SARS CoV2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit. Along with demographic information, possible risk factors were evaluated through self to be filled online forms with data acquired on blood group type, occupation type, addiction and habits including smoking and alcohol, diet preferences, medical history and transport type utilized. Symptom history and information on possible contact and compliance with COVID 19 universal precautions was also obtained. Findings:1058 individuals (10.14%) had antibodies against SARS CoV2. A follow up on 346 seropositive individuals after three months revealed stable to higher antibody levels against SARS CoV2 but declining plasma activity for neutralizing SARS CoV2 receptor binding domain and ACE2 interaction. A repeat sampling of 35 individuals, at six months, revealed declining antibody levels while the neutralizing activity remained stable compared to three months. Majority of seropositive individuals (75%) did not recall even one of nine symptoms since March 2020. Fever was the most common symptom with one fourth reporting loss of taste or smell. Significantly associated risks for seropositivity (Odds Ratio, 95% CI, p value) were observed with usage of public transport (1.79, 1.43 to 2*24, 2.81561x10-6), occupational responsibilities such as security, housekeeping personnel etc. (2.23, 1.92 to 2.59, 6.43969x10-26), non smokers (1.52, 1.16 to 1.99, 0.02) and non vegetarianism (1.67, 1.41 to 1.99, 3.03821x10-8). An iterative regression analysis was confirmatory and led to only modest changes to estimates. Predilections for seropositivity was noted with specific ABO blood groups; O was associated with a lower risk. Interpretation: In a first of its kind study from India, we report the seropositivity in a country wide cohort and identify variable susceptible associations for contacting infection. Serology and Neutralizing Antibody response provides much sought for general insights on the immune response to the virus among Indians and will be an important resource for designing vaccination strategies. Funding: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (CSIR)
SMAC: An Interpretable Reasoning Network for Visual Question Answering

In the visual question answering (VQA) task, many successful works focus on building end-to-end predictive models, but the interpretability of the reasoning process is ignored, which is however very important for evaluating the trustwor-thiness of the model. The recent MAC-network (Hudson and Manning 2018) achieves state-of-the-art results on the VQA task which demonstrates the effectiveness of differentiable reasoning models. However, for MAC, interpreting the reasoning process by visualizing the attention map often fails to clearly show the logic of multi-step reasoning. In this paper, we propose SMAC (Symbolic MAC) to improve the inter-pretability in the following points. (1) Intent classiﬁcation is introduced to make the question understanding explainable. (2) We propose the Translate Unit (TU) to translate the reasoning process into the formalized query language for interpreting, as well as providing explicit guidance on the reasoning cell in the training phase. We further enlarge the feature space to leverage more information by incorporating the image pixel features and the object-speciﬁc features simultaneously, which follows the multi-view learning framework. Experiments demonstrate that SMAC is able to achieve competitive performance on a large-scale and realistic GQA (Hudson and Manning 2019) benchmark and show well interpretability evidence with symbolic intermediate outcomes.
Effects of Asphyxia on Colony-forming Ability of Hematopoietic Stem Cell of Cord Blood

Background: Asphyxia is a medical situation resulting from the deprivation of oxygen to a newborn lasting long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, especially to the brain. Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a well-established source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. A low level of O2 in neonates with asphyxia during labor can affect proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in cord blood. Methods: The quality and colony-forming ability of hematopoietic stem cells in the cord blood of neonates with severe asphyxia with Apgar score 3-5or need to cardiac pulmonary resuscitation 5 min after delivery were compared with the group with normal Apgar score. Thereafter, hematopoietic stem cells were isolated, and cells were cultured in an enriched media (MethoCult H4435) special for HSPCs for 7 days to assess the growth and colony formation. Results: Based on the results, there was a significant difference in the number of colonies of RBC (P=0.0016) and WBC precursor (P=0.006), in a plate with 104 cord blood hematopoietic stem cells in newborns exposed to hypoxemia during labor. Conclusion: Umbilical cord blood is valuable for its content of stem cells. Severe hypoxia in the perinatal period does not negatively affect the viability of UCB-derived HSPCs to grow and form colonies. Furthermore, it was found that transient severe asphyxia does not exert negative effects on the banking quality of HSPCs for likely problems in the future.
214 G2019-055 Distribution of Pathologic Smear Results and_Layout 1

OBJECTIVES: The accuracy of the Papanicolau smear test is very important in cervical cancer which is preventable cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of smear results and cytohistopathological correlation and agreement in biopsies. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was performed at the gynecology obstetrics and pathology department of Baskent University Konya Application and Research Hospital, over a 5-year period. The histopathology results of 89 patients who underwent colposcopic biopsy from 273 patients with pathologic Pap smear results were examined. The histopathologic results and pathologic Pap smear results were compared and the compatibility between them was examined. RESULTS: Data records were collected for 11,191 women. Overall, the prevalence of cytologic abnormalities was 2.43%. The cytohistopathologic correlation in epithelial lesions was 56% and was statistically significant. In glandular lesions, normal biopsy results were reported in 93% of AGC-NOS cytology results, whereas there was a 100% malignancy correlation with AGC-FN cytology results. In terms of detecting low and high-grade lesions, the false-negative rate was 12% and the false-positive rate was 17%. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Pap smears can be less cost-effective and easily accessible method. While conservative treatment is appropriate in young patients because of possible regression even in high-grade lesions; in older patients, it should not be hesitated to get biopsy when a suspicious clinic is present.
Network Based Integration of Proteomic and Transcriptomic Data: Study of BCR and WNT11 Signaling Pathways in Cancer Cells

viii ZUSAMMENFASSUNG . ix
Colorful and Antibacterial Silk Fiber from Anisotropic Silver Nanoparticles

Anisotropic silver nanoparticles were coated on silk fibers to obtain colorful silk with good antibacterial properties. Different morphologies of silver nanoparticles gave different colors to the silk fibers, because of changes in the localized surface plasmon resonance of the nanoparticles. More efficiently, mixing of different silver nanoparticles in different proportions extended the range of colors. Unlike the conventional silk dyeing process, which is energy-intensive, the coloration process with silver nanoparticles was achieved at room temperature. The silk fibers displayed strong adsorption ability for silver nanoparticles during the coloration process. The modified silk fibers exhibited different bright colors as the silver nanoparticles on the surface of the fibers varied. Significantly, the silk fibers treated with silver nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial abilities against Escherichia coli. Moreover, good color fastness to washing was achieved through coating of polydimethylsiloxan.