Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comment on “New Late Pennsylvanian Paleomagnetic Results From Paraná Basin (Southern Brazil): Is the Recent Giant Gaussian Process Model Valid for the Kiaman Superchron?” by Brandt et al.

The late Pennsylvanian glacial rhythmites of the Mafra Formation (Itararé Group) from the Paraná Basin of Southern Brazil, have a complex rock‐magnetic signature. Rock‐magnetic tests imply that both hematite and magnetite in varying grain sizes are responsible for the magnetic remanence. Thermal and alternating field (AF) demagnetization of the natural remanence reveal different behaviors that are attributed to a mixture of remanence‐carrying magnetic minerals and grain sizes, implying a series of magnetic overprints. A great circle analysis of the distribution characteristic directions reported suggests that these rocks may not be entirely immune from magnetic overprints acquired during the Jurassic‐Cretaceous in the context of widespread remagnetizations in South America. The nature of the magnetization recorded by these rocks warrants caution in their use for the evaluation of paleosecular variation models.
Northern-sourced water dominated the Atlantic Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum

Increased carbon sequestration in the ocean subsurface is commonly assumed to have been one of the main causes responsible for lower glacial atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Remineralized carbon must have been stored away from the atmosphere for thousands of years, yet the water mass structure accommodating such increased carbon storage continues to be debated. Here, we present new sediment-derived bottom-water neodymium isotope records that allow fingerprinting of water masses and provide a more complete picture of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation geometry during the Last Glacial Maximum. These results suggest that the vertical and meridional structure of the Atlantic water mass distribution only experienced minor changes since the last ice age. In particular, we find no compelling evidence supporting glacial southern-sourced water substantially expanding to shallower depths and farther into the Northern Hemisphere than today, which had been previously inferred from stable carbon isotope (δ13C) reconstructions. We argue that depleted δ13C values observed in the deep Northwest Atlantic do not necessarily indicate the presence of southern-sourced water. Instead, these values may represent a northern-sourced water mass with lower than modern preformed δ13C values that were further modified downstream by increased sequestration of remineralized carbon, facilitated by a more sluggish glacial deep circulation, corroborating previous evidence.
Comparative Evaluation of Endodontic Disinfection UsingPDT and MTAD - An In Vivo Study

Introduction: Antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and MTAD in association with endodontic therapy was shown in this study. Methods: Thirty anterior teeth from patients were selected. Microbiological samples were taken Group 1 after endodontic therapy and irrigation with 5.23% NaOCL (Control group), Group 2 endodontic therapy and irrigation with MTAD, and Group 3 after PDT. After the three samples were collected, the root canal was filled with Calcium hydroxide, and after 1 week, a second session of the therapies was performed. Results: PDT used Methylene blue (MB) dye as a photo-sensitizer and a diode laser as a light source. The samples collected after endodontic therapy in combination with MTAD showed decreased bacterial load, whereas the combination of endodontic therapy with PDT showed remarkable decrease in the bacterial load. Conclusion: The use of Methylene blue dye as a photo-sensitizer in PDT along with endodontic treatment leads to an enhanced decrease of bacterial load and may be an appropriate approach for the treatment of root canal.
Comparison of screening methods for resistance to Fusarium root rot in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Root rot, caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, is one of the main root diseases impacting production of common beans throughout the world. Because resistance of common beans to root rot is a quantitative trait that is strongly influenced by environmental factors, reproducible methods to screen bean plants for resistance to root rot are critical to the selection process. In this study, we adapted the inoculum layer method (ILM) developed for screening soybeans for resistance to Phytophthora rot and compared it with the traditional liquid inoculum method (LIM) for screening common beans for resistance to Fusarium root rot. In addition, two methods of evaluating resistance using the ILM were compared. The most significant Pearson correlation coefficient between trials involving 80 recombinant inbred lines was achieved with the ILM and counting discoloured vascular bundles in the lower stem (rp = 0.7113***) compared to rating the discoloration on root and hypocotyl (rp = 0.5555***). The traditional (LIM) screening method and rating the discolouration on roots resulted in a non-significant correlation between trials (rp = 0.1084).
Options for management of saline groundwater in an irrigated farming system

Groundwater pumping is used to control salinity problems in many irrigation regions of Australia. Options for managing the pumped groundwater are required to be consistent with achieving high farm production levels and minimising salt export from irrigation regions. In this study, pasture production and economic aspects of 6 options for managing pumped groundwater are compared. The 6 options include (i) complete farm reuse of pumped groundwater for irrigation; (ii) complete export to river system; (iii) complete disposal to evaporation basin; (iv) partial farm reuse with reduced salt export; (v) partial farm reuse with reduced disposal to evaporation basin; and (vi) partial farm reuse with disposal to a salt tolerant forage crop. The comparison between the 6 options is made for a hypothetical 100 ha dairy farm that has a perennial pasture based production system. Complete farm reuse was the most economic option in areas where groundwater salinity is low (<5 dS/m). Partial farm reuse with disposal of surplus groundwater to a salt tolerant forage species was the most economical option for managing higher salinity groundwater.
VLN-Trans: Translator for the Vision and Language Navigation Agent

Language understanding is essential for the navigation agent to follow instructions. We observe two kinds of issues in the instructions that can make the navigation task challenging: 1. The mentioned landmarks are not recognizable by the navigation agent due to the different vision abilities of the instructor and the modeled agent. 2. The mentioned landmarks are applicable to multiple targets, thus not distinctive for selecting the target among the candidate viewpoints.To deal with these issues, we design a translator module for the navigation agent to convert the original instructions into easy-to-follow sub-instruction representations at each step. The translator needs to focus on the recognizable and distinctive landmarks based on the agent’s visual abilities and the observed visual environment.To achieve this goal, we create a new synthetic sub-instruction dataset and design specific tasks to train the translator and the navigation agent.We evaluate our approach on Room2Room (R2R), Room4room (R4R), and Room2Room Last (R2R-Last) datasets and achieve state-of-the-art results on multiple benchmarks.
Dietary L-Carnitine Supplement Counteracts Pulmonary Hypertensive Response in Broiler Chickens Fed Reduced-Protein Diets and Subjected to Cool Condition and Hypobaric Hypoxia

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of supplementing reduced-protein diets with L-carnitine on growth performance and occurrence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) syndrome in broiler chickens reared at high altitude. A total of 156 day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were assigned to three dietary treatments and reared up to 42 days of age. A normal-protein diet (NPD) was formulated according to the National Research Council (1994) and served as control. A reduced-protein diet (RPD) was also prepared to contain 3% less protein than that of the NPD. An additional RPD diet was prepared by supplementing L-carnitine (LC) at 100 mg/kg to the RPD. Results showed significant improvements in feed:gain and carcass yield in birds fed on RPD when supplemented with LC. The proportions of liver, heart, and abdominal fat pad relative to body weight and the right ventricular weight ratio (RV:TV) were significantly higher in birds fed on the RDP than those of the control fed the NPD. Electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements recorded from lead II supported the development of PAH in birds fed RPD as evidenced by deep S waves. Supplementing LC to the RPD significantly reduced the liver weight, abdominal fat deposition, and RV:TV, which reflected in reduced S waves. Feeding broilers with the RPD significantly reduced serum concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and uric acid (UA). However, supplementation of the RPD with LC significantly increased the serum concentrations of NO. In conclusion, feeding reduced-protein diets to broilers reared at hypobaric hypoxia increases their susceptibility to pulmonary hypertension. Dietary LC supplementation of reduced-protein diets had beneficial effects in preventing PAH mortality mainly through enhancing blood NO concentration.
The role of exotic tree species in Nordic forestry

The selection of suitable tree species is a prerequisite for successful forestry, and the use of exotic species as an alternative to native species is often a relevant option. In this paper, we discuss this option in relation to the present and future wood production in Nordic forestry. We revisit the vegetation and forest history and its implications for the interest in using exotic species. We review to what extent exotic species can contribute to increased economic returns from forest plantings and the potential negative ecological effects associated with introduction of new species. Considering the expected climate changes, we discuss whether and how the increased use of exotic species can contribute to sustained and increased health and productivity of Nordic forests without jeopardising ecological and social values.
Phenotypic and genotypic diversity in Phytophthora infestans on potato in Great Britain, 1995–98

A total of 2691 single-lesion isolates of Phytophthora infestans was established from samples of late-blight disease from 354 commercial and garden/allotment sites in Scotland, England and Wales over four growing seasons, 1995–98. The A2 mating type was rare (3·0% of isolates) and was detected at only 34 sites. In vitro tests of sensitivity to the phenylamide fungicide metalaxyl showed that 316 sites yielded isolates with some insensitivity (resistant and/or intermediate); these were more often commercial sites than garden/allotment sites. Over the four seasons, the frequency of isolates with intermediate fungicide sensitivity increased, while the frequency of resistant phenotypes decreased. Resistant isolates were always of A1 mating type. A subset of 1459 isolates from 326 sites was analysed for molecular diversity. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype Ia predominated (91·0% of isolates); haplotype IIa was present at 54 sites and both haplotypes at 33 sites. The multilocus RFLP probe RG57 detected 30 fingerprints. Four fingerprints were particularly common (RF002, RF006, RF039 and RF040) and 10 were unique to a single site in a single year. The three commonest fingerprints (RF039 > RF002 > RF006) were of A1 mating type and the fourth (RF040) was A2. RF002 isolates were resistant to the phenylamide metalaxyl and were more common in Scotland than in England and Wales. Small sample sizes limited the usefulness of estimates of diversity. Although approximately half of all sites appeared to be colonized by RF039 genotypes, some sites (both commercial and garden/allotment) showed a higher diversity, having both common and unique genotypes. The genotypic diversity within isolates collected from commercial sites and those from garden/allotment sites were similar. The contributions of sexual reproduction and alternatives to sex to the generation of variation are discussed.
Triage Tool for Screening Frail Patients in Emergency Department

Urgent care for the elderly is a significant health problem, and despite efforts to restrain demand, many frail old people in need of urgent care must access hospital Emergency Department (ED). The prevalent ED model tends to be focused exclusively in the medical problem, but scientific evidence refers us to a holistic model for acute care of the elderly, led by interdisciplinary teams with geriatric competencies. International guidelines recommend an adaptation of EDs to the old patient. Risk stratification in ED is a useful first step to identify a patient cohort susceptible to receive targeted care in the ED. But there are no robust tools to distinguish at-risk or vulnerable patients within the ED. The lack of evidence makes experts accept “own” tools based on reasonable patient selection. This paper analyses the results of the use of a simple, self-constructed algorithm for the selection of frail patients in triage, that can be easily translated to other EDs. It is able to identify at triage a population with higher levels of urgency, higher admission rates and increased 30-day mortality rates, longer stays and a higher prevalence of delirium. Further research is needed in emergency geriatric care.
The effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WoM) on social media networking

Social Media Networking is a platform that has recently become the main media in information retrieval, digital use is easy to access for anyone, anywhere. Tourism is one of the industries that use this media platform to increase tourists visits. Bandung is one of the favorite tourist destinations, many social media users who post information, comment, review and ask fellow netizen, thus it will appear a destination image of Bandung that impacting visits. The data were collected from 195 respondents. The hypotheses were examined using Partial Least Square 3.0. This research discloses that electronic word of mouth (e-wom) on social media networks can influence the image of the destination and have an impact on the revisit intention of the tourism destination. The research findings show that the construct of E-Wom on social media Instagram has a direct effect to revisit intention, but the effect is greater when through the destination image. This research provides input and a better understanding for researchers and practitioners of the tourism industry on how to develop tourism revisit from enhancing destination image and keep the positive e-Wom on Instagram.
Twenty-four-hour rhythms of muscle strength with a consideration of some methodological problems

The aim of the present study was to show the presence of circadian rhythm of muscle strength under a standardised protocol with controlled parameters to support suitable observation of variability during the day. Eight male volunteers were evaluated once a week for 6 weeks at six different times. Rectal temperature, peak torque (PT), maximum work and the average power of the flexor and extensor knee muscles in the isokinetic mode, as well as of PT in maximum voluntary isometric contraction of knee extensors at 60° knee flexion, were measured. The present study showed rhythms with a period of 24 hours in some indices of muscle strength performance at both speeds of movement and muscle groups. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has shown the presence of circadian rhythm in all speeds of movement and muscle groups tested under strict standardised protocol.
Immediate post placental insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device at caesarean delivery: a prospective study

India represents almost 17.85% of the world’s population. A total 65% of the women have an unmet need for family planning services in the first postpartum year and the result being 86% of unintended pregnancies and 85% of induced abortions. A total 61% of the births occur at an interval shorter than the recommended birth birth interval of 36 months. According to demographic and health survey, birth-pregnancy interval less than 24 months had 1.1-2.3 times higher risk of babies dying within first year and also more likely to be stunted and underweight than those born 36-47 months apart.
Simulation of Water and Nitrogen Dynamics at Three Danish Locations by Use of the DAISY Model

Abstract Results from simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics by use of the dynamic model DAISY are shown. The simulations included a test of DAISY on data from research stations representing different soil types, precipitation regimes and fertilizer strategies. DAISY is mainly a deterministic and mechanistic model, but there are also empirical parts, as for example the crop production model. The originally proposed parameters overestimated the nitrogen uptake in the crops, and thereby leaching was underestimated. Adjustments in the crop parameters related to spring barley and potatoes are proposed. With these adjustments the present test shows a satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated dry matter production, nitrogen uptake and leaching.
A test of ecological selection against young‐of‐the‐year hybrids of sympatric sticklebacks

Ecological selection against hybrids, the reduction in hybrid fitness attributed solely to environmental factors, was tested by introducing young-of-the-year benthic, limnetic and F 1 hybrid sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus to divided experimental ponds and lake enclosures. The frequency of hybrids in samples taken at the end was significantly lower than their frequency at introduction. Hybrid survival was significantly lower in pond-sides in which they were initially the most common cross type than in pond-sides in which they were initially rare, suggesting that hybrid survival may be frequency-dependent. Growth rate of F 1 hybrids was marginally lower than benthic growth rates, being significantly lower than in ponds and not different in lake enclosures. The diet of hybrids overlapped with both parent species in ponds and with benthic diets in lake enclosures. The results suggest that ecological selection is acting against young-of-the-year hybrid sticklebacks.
Comparison of clinical features in FMF patients according to severity scores: An analysis with the ISSF scoring system.

OBJECTIVE Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), is an auto-inflammatory disease characterized by attacks of fever and serositis. Some scoring systems have been developed to evaluate the severity of the disease, however, predicting the severity of FMF is not possible with current knowledge. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the factors affecting disease severity in FMF. METHODS This study included 150 FMF patients. The medical data of the patients were collected retrospectively and the International severity scoring system for Familial Mediterranean fever (ISSF) was used to evaluate disease severity. RESULTS Patients were sorted into 3 groups based on the ISSF scores; ≤2=mild (Group 1; n: 61), 3-5=moderate (Group 2; n: 70), and ≥6=severe (Group 3; n: 19). Age at the onset of disease and age at diagnosis was younger in patients with severe disease (p: 0.009 and p: 0.031, respectively). Fever, peritonitis, and vasculitis were similar in all 3 groups. Pleuritis, erysipelas-like erythema (ELE), arthritis, myalgia, amyloidosis, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were more common in Group 3. CONCLUSION FMF patients with early onset and early diagnosis, having more frequent pleuritis, ELE, arthritis, and myalgia tended to manifest a more severe form of the disease. Close monitoring of such patients may prevent the development of amyloidosis and CKD and improve the long-term prognosis of the disease.
Restoring the prairie

The US DOE at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois, prairie restoration is taking place in order to conserve the rich topsoil. This is the largest of many prairie restoration experiments. Big bluestem grass (Andropogon gerardi), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), and buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) are the main initial grasses grown. After their growth reaches enough biomass to sustain a fire, other prairie plants such as purple prairie clover and dropseed grass appear. The goal of this is to provide a generous refuge for disappearing native plants and animals, a site for scientific research, and a storehouse of genes adapted to a region that produces much of the worlds food. Plans for restoring the marsh and oak savanna, also native to the Fermilab site are also in the works.
Young Female Adolescence Perception among Sexual Harassment

Background: Adolescent sexual harassment is one of the major problems of adolescent that affect their health and security specifically, as various (regional, national and Global). The perception reflecting the apathy our society feels toward sexual harassment is indicated throughout our culture. Aim of the study is to assess the young female adolescence perception among sexual harassment. Research design: This study is a descriptive study. Settings: The study was conducted in Jordan in That-Alnetakeen Governmental School for Females in Irbid city. Sampling: A purposive sample composed of 140 students, from the 6th and 7th grade have been chosen after excluding 16 students for the pilot study. One Tools of data collection: A Self Administered Questionnaire, It was composed of 4 parts, part one: personal data, part two: Assess Female student's level of knowledge about sexual harassment. Part three: Assess Female student's perception towards sexual harassment. Part four: Assess the measurement and protection practices that the female students can take in consideration toward sexual harassment. Results & Conclusion: More than half of the young female adolescents were in the age of 12 years and live in the village. More than two third of them had satisfactory knowledge regarding sexual harassment, the prevention methods and side effects from exposure to sexual harassment. Also the current study represented more than one tenth of the Young female adolescents had total done practices to protect them against sexual harassment. Also more than two third had a positive perception about sexual harassment. There were highly statistically significant relation between personal characteristics of young female students and their total knowledge, and practices. Also there was a highly statistically significant relation between female adolescents total knowledge, perception &their Practices at p value <0.001. Recommendations: Effective policies and procedures to combat this situation are established, policies and procedures would empower school administrators & student parents, enabling them to take certain actions against sexual harassment. Mass media through TV, broadcasting and newspapers should have an active role in increasing community awareness regard sexual harassment consequences on the females and their families.