Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Quality of Effluents From A Fishing Station Installed At The Edge of The Lagoon Ebrie (Côte d'Ivoire)

This study was carried out to appreciate the microbiological quality of wastes water coming out from fish breeding stations installed along the edge of the Ebrié lagoon. Four investigations were performed from august 2016 to july 2017, using sterilized bottles we were able to collect samples, from the pipes supplying water to the ponds at the entrance of the fish breeding station and also taken from waste water outlet (effluent) of the station. Classical method of microbiological analysis was used. Results revealed that the levels of MAG and the germs indicators of fecal pollution such as FC and FS are 1,68. 10  53.150 CFU/100 mL, 6,28. 10 26.986 CFU/100 mL and 1,15. 10  988 CFU/100 mL respectively. Besides, the waste water coming out from the fish breeding station contain several germs potentially pathogenic to human and aquatics organisms. They are Salmonella, vibrio, Escherishia coli, staphylococcus and pseudomonas.
Multiscale Habitat Factors inFluence

—Effective management and conservation of urban herpetofauna is challenging because little is known about the distribution, population dynamics, or habitat use of most species in urban areas. To address this knowledge gap, we studied the occupancy dynamics of seven common species in the Chicago, Illinois, USA, metropolitan area using artificial cover objects and aquatic trapping. From 2009 to 2012, we detected seven focal species 899 times, ranging from 49 detections of Eastern Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) to 223 detections of Painted Turtles (Chrysemys picta). We used single-species multi-season (dynamic) occupancy models and a suite of environmental covariates to determine how natural (e.g., canopy cover) and urban (e.g., road density) habitat features influence rates of occupancy and turnover at local (n = 159 monitoring points) and landscape (n = 27 preserves) scales while explicitly incorporating detectability. Our results suggest that natural habitat features were generally better predictors of occupancy and turnover than anthropogenic features. At the local scale, extinction was more common than colonization, while at the landscape scale, colonization was more common than extinction. This study provides important baseline information to guide future research and management decisions and we recommend managing urban preserves for habitat diversity and connectivity to maximize herpetofaunal diversity.
Effects of Storage on The Proximate And Beta-Carotene Contents of Cookie-Like Products Formulated From Blends of Wheat Flour And Garri From Biofortified Cassava Varieties

Three cassava varieties namely Umucass 36, 37 and 38 were processed into garri and blended with wheat flour for production of cookie-like products. Proximate and beta-carotene contents of the cookies were studied using standard methods before and during storage for twelve weeks. Cookies produced from 100% wheat flour were used as the control. Moisture content values of the cookie-like products were found to be in the range of 8.07% to 9.67% against the control value of 10.69%. Protein contents of the cookie-like products ranged from 6.05% to 13.05% the control value of 14.64% at week zero. The crude fat contents of the cookielike products ranged from 4.01% to 6.85% against the control value of 3.83%. Crude fibre contents of the cookie-like products ranged from 1.47% to 1.61% against the control value of 1.64%. Ash contents of the products ranged from 1.24% to 1.37% against the control value of 1.23%. The carbohydrate contents of the formulated cookies ranged from 70.26% to 77.09% against the control value of 60.74%. Beta carotene values of the cookie-like products ranged from 0. 90μ/g to 6. 97μg/g against the control value of 0.15 μg/g. Beta carotene values decreased with increase in the proportion of wheat flour added. Generally there were losses in the proximate and beta carotene of the cookie-like products analyzed during the storage period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION (IJHCI)

Imaging systems introduce distortions and artifacts to the image. It is crucial to know the quality of the image before processing. In any image processing application it is important to know reliability of the imaging system and the quality metrics of the image acquired using the imaging system. This research aims to develop, reference image quality measurement algorithms for JPEG images. A JPEG image database was created and subjective experiments were conducted on the database. A newly proposed image pixel reduction technique was applied to the image to reduce its size. An attempt to design a computationally inexpensive and memory efficient feature extraction method has been developed along with the interleaving method. Subjective test results are used to train the neural network model, which achieves good quality prediction performance without any reference image. In particular the Elman neural network model predicts the mean opinion score of the human observer. The system has been implemented and tested for its validity. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms have an accuracy rate of 90.23% for image quality recognition.
Corporate Governance-Developments and Stumbling Blocks in India

Corporate governance in India can be evident from the Koutaliya‟s Arthshastra, which maintain that for good governance all administrators including king were considered as servants of the subjects. Good governance and stability goes hand in hand. The primary objective of this paper is to study the corporate governance policies, practices and system in India. Goodness of corporate governance is checked on the basis of five basic parameters i.e. transparency, ownership structure, board procedure, investor rights and governance strategies. During the study it was observed that, in India the legislative and regulatory framework for the corporate governance is sound but the implementation part is poor. There is a huge gap between what is de-jure and de-facto.The state is still lagging behind when it comes to particularly private sector small and medium size industries. Major part of industrial set up is just their production units. The government has also set up various committees, passed various regulations for the development of the industries in the country. There is a further need to strengthen the existing governance policies.
How to Grow Safer Leafy Vegetables in Nethouses and Net Tunnels

Leafy green vegetables are popular around the world and especially in Asia. They are quickgrowing crops that are harvested within four to six weeks. Some of the common leafy vegetables are brassicas (pak-choi, mustard, kale), kangkong (water convolvulus), lettuce, spinach, and amaranth. Tender leaves and, in many cases, stems are consumed raw or cooked. These vegetables are valuable sources of vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, folic acid, and dietary fiber.
EVIDENCE FROM A STUDY IN BANGLADESH

This paper studies the relationships between transformational leadership, deviant behaviour, job performance, and gender. Data collected from 160 respondents from different organisations using the convenience sampling method was analysed using descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and regression analysis. Results reveal that there is a negative relationship between transformational leadership and deviant behaviour, while a positive association exists between transformational leadership and job performance, with a negative correlation between deviant workplace behaviour and job performance. Gender analysis shows that female ratings for different indicators, such as transformational leadership, deviant behaviour, and job performance were not significantly distinct from those of males. The main implication of this research is that it informs executives how transformational leadership and deviant behaviour affect job performance. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
The sensitivity of atmospheric blocking to changes in upstream latent heating – numerical experiments

Abstract. Recent climatological studies based on trajectory calculations have pointed to an important role of latent heating during cloud formation for the dynamics of anticyclonic circulation anomalies such as atmospheric blocking. However, the causal relationship between latent heating and blocking formation has not yet been fully elucidated. To explicitly study this causal relationship, we perform sensitivity simulations of five selected blocking events with a global weather prediction model in which we artificially eliminate latent heating in clouds upstream of the blocking anticyclones. This elimination has substantial effects on the upper-tropospheric circulation in all case studies, but there is also significant case-to-case variability: some blocking systems do not develop at all without upstream latent heating, while for others the amplitude of the blocking anticyclones is merely reduced. This strong influence of latent heating on the jet stream is due to the injection of air masses with low potential vorticity (PV) into the upper troposphere in strongly ascending warm conveyor belt airstreams, and the interaction of the associated divergent outflow with the upper-level PV structure. The important influence of diabatic heating demonstrated with these experiments suggests that an accurate parameterization of microphysical processes in weather prediction and climate models is crucial for adequately representing blocking dynamics.
Impact and Implications of Capital Adequacy Ratio on the Financing Behaviour: Evidence from Islamic Banks in Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the Basel capital standards on financing behaviour of Islamic banks in Pakistan. Literature has depicted mixed results on this issue (Bernanke and Lown, 1991; Ben Naceur and Kandil 2009, 2013). This topic gains importance in the Islamic banking sector of Pakistan where capital adequacy ratio (CAR) is, on average, above than the minimum capital requirements (MCR) under Basel. We have used Ben Naceur and Kandil (2013) model which is based on Berger and Udell (1994) approach with some adjustment to specifically convene to sample composition of 5 full-fledged Islamic banks for the period of 2005-2014 by using Panel data technique. The results of the study confirmed a negative impact of capital adequacy ratio on the financing behaviour of Islamic banks in Pakistan. It is also evident from the results that Islamic banks tend to reallocate their assets portfolio towards secured instruments e.g. government securities like ╖uk┴k which led to their restricted financing activities and ultimately result in slower economic growth. The study provides significant policy implications to regulators and bankers on the imposition of CAR and its trade-offs in terms of stability at the cost of the credit crunch and reallocation of assets portfolio by crowding out private sector financing in Pakistan.
Discovering Information-Leaking Samples and Features

Discovering samples or features which leak information about correlated private data is a key challenge in designing context-aware privacy mechanisms. In this paper, we propose a framework to discover information-leaking samples and features based on an information-theoretic quantity known as the information density. We provide an estimator, TIDE, to approximate the thresholded information density with a provable sample complexity. Our framework is then validated on two real-world datasets providing evidence that the TIDE can potentially be used as a building block to design privacy mechanisms targeting only those information-leaking samples and features.
Evaluation of Empiric Management of Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia

To assess if there was overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the management of childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). If evident, we sought to determine if proactive dissemination of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (PIDS-IDSA) guidelines by utilizing a Computer Physician Order Entry (CPOE) order set would increase adherence to the guidelines.
Picking the Plough or Not How do personality traits influence occupational attainment in emerging Southeast Asia?∗

Rural labor markets in emerging countries offer limited occupation choices to individuals and decisions are often made out of necessity rather than opportunities. Given these difficult circumstances it is all the more important to understand the role of personality traits for occupation related decisions. Against this background, this paper examines the relation between personality traits and occupational attainment in two emerging Southeast Asian economies. Using new micro level data from individuals living in rural areas of Thailand and Vietnam we test the importance of a broad range of personality measures, while controlling for other channels of human capital formation. In addition, we are able to contrast the influence of personality traits on occupational attainment for both an emerging market and a socialist economy. Our results suggest that common measures of personality traits can be applied in a rural setting and are important for individual occupational attainment. In particular, we find that conscientious individuals are more likely to engage in self-employment or permanent jobs. Other non-cognitive skills such as locus of control, trust, risk, and patience play an inferior role.
The Melancholic Childhood Causes and Consequences of Malnutrition on Psychosocial Competencies. Evidence from Indian Adolescents

This paper quantifies the impact of malnutrition on psychosocial abilities (such as aspiration, self-efficacy and self-esteem) using an instrumental variable approach. Using Young Lives panel data from Andhra Pradesh in India and subjective and objective self-reported drought variable as an instrument, the results suggests that adolescents face an increased degradation in self-efficacy. Although, the coefficients for aspiration and self-esteem share the same sign as the self-efficacy, yet they came out to be non-significant. This paper contributes to a literature which so far has mostly focused on the long-term consequences of climatic shocks.
Training Students Critical Thinking Skills Through Implementation of Problem Solving Models On Reaction Rate Materials

Critical thinking skills are one of the high-order thinking skills that students need for survival living in the 21st century. Critical thinking skills are needed to solve various problems by questioning what they hear and reviewing certain thoughts. The aim of this research is to describe learning activity and students' critical thinking skills through implementation of problem solving models on reaction rate materials. This research used a Pre-Experimental with one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 70 students from the two classes of XI MIPA. The instruments that was used included observation sheet for learning activity with implementation of problem solving models and test sheets of the critical thinking skills. The results showed that: 1) learning activity with the implementation of problem solving model got good category, 2) critical thinking skills after implementation of problem solving model have reached skilled and highly skilled category that was proven by the average score of students at XI MIPA 3 is 80.83 and XI MIPA 4 is 83.10.
Interface structures and twinning mechanisms of lbrace; 012rbrace; twins in hexagonal metals

A controversy concerning the description of {1̄012} 〈101̄1〉 twinning, whether it is shear-shuffle or pure glide-shuffle or pure shuffle, has developed. There is disagreement about the interpretation of transmission electron microscopic observations, atomistic simulations and theories for twin growth. In this article, we highlight the atomic-level, characteristic, equilibrium and non-equilibrium boundaries and corresponding boundary defects associated with the threedimensional ‘normal’, ‘forward’ and ‘lateral’ propagation of {1̄012} growth/annealing and deformation twins. Although deformation twin boundaries (TBs) after recovery exhibit some similarity to growth/annealing TBs because of the plastic accommodation of stress fields, there are important distinctions among them. These distinctions distinguish among themechanisms of twin growth and resolve the controversy. In addition, a new type of disconnection, a glide disclination, is described for twinning. Synchroshear, seldom considered, is shown to be a likely mechanism for {1̄012}
Working Paper High Wage Job Growth and Tax

Economists have devoted limited attention to understanding the effect of state level fiscal policies on the growth of high wage jobs. Over the last two decades, high wage jobs in the U.S., particularly high tech jobs, grew faster than lower wage jobs. Understanding what drives high wage job growth is an important issue for economic development and for designing state development policies aimed at influencing the growth of high wage jobs. Using state level panel data from 1997 to 2012 this paper investigates the link between subnational taxes and the growth of high wage employment. In particular, we relate job growth over the period across states to interstate differences in tax and expenditure policies and other factors thought to be associated with state job growth. We present a simple equilibrium model on which to base our empirical analysis. The model considers workers of different skill levels and with different preferences for public services and amenities and allows for spillover effects on the productivity of other workers. (Note that we are in the process of expanding the data set to cover the time period 1977 to 2012).
How does maternal labor supply respond to changes in children's school schedule?

In this paper we analyze mothers’ labor supply response to a reorganization of children’s school schedule. Until 2013, French children between 2 and 11 years old had their class time spread over 4 days and they did not go to school on Wednesday. In 2013 a national reform shortened each school day by an average of 45 minutes and reallocated the resulting three hours to Wednesday morning. We look at the impact on mothers’ labor supply exploiting variation in the implementation of this reform over time and across the age of the youngest child. We provide evidence of a reallocation of working hours over the week and no effect on the total number of hours worked. Overall, these results suggest that even in a context of high female labor force participation the organization of children’s time still affects mothers’ employment decisions. JEL codes: H52, J13, J22.
Is Chastity an Obsolete Virtue? Contrasting Cues of Chastity and Parental Investment for Mate Evaluation

Sex and gender differences in mate preferences have been studied cross-culturally, and across time. While there are robust effects for some trait preferences, such as attractiveness or resources, effects are less consistent for other traits including chastity. Although chastity has been suggested as a proxy cue for the absence of parental investment, and thus should be preferred in potential long-term mates – especially by males, it may also be a cue that diminishes in utility as societies change over time. For our study we created mock online dating profiles to isolate cues of chastity and parental investment in order to test whether university students would be more affected by a potential partner’s sexual experience, or by evidence that a potential partner was already investing in a child. Our results support predictions made by parental investment theory. Results revealed that chastity is a poor predictor of mate choice when contrasted with cues of parental investment. Further, while there are gender differences in willingness to engage in mating opportunities, profiles of men and women were evaluated similarly with respect to cues of parental investment and chastity.
Monetary Factors in Recurring Economic Recessions

This paper used parametric shared-frailty models to observe the recession periods of 22 countries. The constant increases in the values of change in consumer prices, foreign exchange reserves (FERs), ratio of foreign direct investment to gross domestic product (GDP), ratio of domestic credits to GDP, and ratio of monetary base to FERs were found to shorten the recession periods of economies. On the other hand, a steady increase in real effective exchange rates, economic openness, and lending-to-deposit ratio can lead to longer recessions. Moreover, economies were found to diverge after currency crises, whereas no apparent differences in economies were observed before crises; and this is attributed to some economies access to financing opportunities, whereas others have lesser and even faced enforceability problems. Jel code: C33, F30, F40 Copyright © 2014 JAEBR
Cross-Border Macroprudential Policy Spillovers and Bank Risk-Taking

We test whether there was a change in risk-taking by Irish banks in the U.K. mortgage market following the introduction of macroprudential limits on loan-to-value (LTV) and loan-toincome (LTI) ratios in Ireland in early 2015. Using confidential loan-level data on lending in the Irish and U.K. mortgage markets, we provide evidence of risk spillovers whereby Irish banks increased their LTV and LTI ratios on lending abroad in response to the regulatory macroprudential tightening at home. We find heterogeneous effects across groups of borrowers, with LTVs and LTIs increasing most for first-time homebuyers (FTBs). We estimate that, relative to a control group of local lenders, the probability of a high-risk loan being issued by an Irish bank in the U.K. mortgage market increased by 16 percent overall, and by 28 percent in the FTB segment, after the policy introduction.
Solving the Puzzle – Hours constraints, Technical Change and Female Labor Supply∗

Women with small children have substantially increased their career commitment in terms of labor supply on the intensive margin in recent decades. Concurrently, these women have also entered into more complex jobs. This paper extends the standard theory of labor supply to incorporate an important ingredient in the labor supply decision of today’s women; the role of flexibility and time constraints. To describe and formalize this notion, I set up a life cycle model where labor supply depends on a family constraint (child rearing), requirement for minimum hours in different types of jobs and the variation in flexibility of organizational technology. I show that as technology allows jobs to become more flexible, time constrained individuals can supply more hours and may therefor find it attractive to opt for a more demanding career. ∗I am grateful to Philippe Aghion, Pamela Campa, Per Krusell, Claudia Olivetti, Ettore Panetti, Åsa Rosén, Anna Sjögren, and participants at the IIES Macro group for valuable comments. All remaining errors are my own. Financial support from Handelsbanken’s Research Foundations and FAS is gratefully acknowledged. Email: christina.hakanson@riksbank.se
What’s really important: factors to make workers productive

Employers offer a variety of benefits and promote their distinctive culture to attract and retain talent. Studies have overwhelmingly showed that satisfied workers were more productive, loyal, and more attuned to the goals of the organization. In a study of over 330 workers, with various levels of education, personality type, and salary, the researchers were able to ascertain which factors provided the most satisfaction. However, satisfaction alone does not answer the real question of the importance of that factor. For example, the respondents in this study were extremely satisfied with living in close proximity to their work. However, the importance of living nearby turned out to be the lowest measured factor by gender, personality type and income. This study will delineate which factors are of the highest importance and correspondingly reveal their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with each. The results could help organizations by focusing on the factors which employees really value.