Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low Power and High Performance Master Slave Match Line Content Addressable Memory

– Content-addressable memory (CAM) is a hardware storage commonly used in the fast lookup applications. However, the parallel comparison feature costs the CAM memory large power consumption. In this paper, we propose a new CAM word architecture, called master–slave match line (MSML) design, which aims to combine the master–slave architecture and charge refill minimization technique to reduce the CAM power dissipated in the match lines (MLs). Unlike the conventional design, where only one single ML is used, our design uses one master-ML (MML) and several slave-MLs (SMLs) to perform the search operation. By sharing the MML charge with only the mismatched SML, our design can minimize the MML charge refill swing, such that the ML power consumption can be reduced effectively. Theoretically, the ML power saving is at least 50%, which is independent of the search pattern and match case. Compared with the conventional NOR-type CAM design, the simulation results show that the MSML design with the best configuration can reduce the ML energy consumption by range 7%–57%, which increases with the word size. In addition, we further propose a modified CAM cell to facilitate the MSML match performance, MSML hp design, which can even result in 28% and 69% energy-delay product improvement compared with the original MSML and traditional CAM designs in the 128-bit word size case.
Acute Toxicity Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juveniles Exposed To Aqueous And Ethanolic Extracts Of Ipomoea aquatica Leaf

The differential acute toxicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ipomoea aquatica leaf on Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus were carried out under laboratory conditions. The LC50 after 96hr of exposure for aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ipomoea aquatica were 2.659g/L and 0.196g/L respectively. These values showed that ethanolic extract of Ipomoea aquatica was more toxic than its aqueous extract. Signs of agitated behaviours, respiratory distress and abnormal nervous behaviors including eventual deaths were observed in exposed fish. Control fish neither died nor exhibited any unusual behaviour. The randomized analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the quantal response (mortality) of O. niloticus to aqueous and ethanolic extracts of I. aquatica at 24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs and 96hrs of exposure period. It was investigated that leaf of Ipomoea aquatica has piscicidal property and can be put into use in the control and management of fish ponds to eradicate predators by farmers. [Simeon O. Ayoola, Kuton M.P, Idowu A.A and Adelekun, A.B. Acute Toxicity Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juveniles Exposed To Aqueous And Ethanolic Extracts Of Ipomoea aquatica Leaf. Nature and Science 2011;9(3):91-99]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net.
Collateral Circulation and SecondaryHypertension Response in Adult YucatanMinipigs after Experimental AorticCoarctation

Coarctation of the aorta is a common cardiovascular malformation accounting for 5% to 8% of patients with congenital heart disease [1]. One out of every few thousand babies are born with a constricted aorta at a point beyond the arterial branches to the head and arms, but proximal to the kidney. This condition is known by coarctation of the aorta [2]. Elevation of the blood pressure, as well as the unusual distribution of this elevation, produces a unique physiological disturbance. The arterial pressure in the upper part of the body (cranial to the occlusion [prestenotic aorta]) usually averages from 20 to 55 per cent higher than in the lower part of the body or caudal to the occlusion (poststenotic aorta) [2,3]. With coarctation, much of the blood flow to the lower body is carried by collateral blood vessels in the body wall [3]. These vessels form to help compensate for the abnormally high vascular resistance between the upper aorta and the lower aorta. The various mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this type of hypertension, although important in the understanding the physiologic alterations in aortic coarctation, are unclear [2,4]. The mechanism of the upper body or prestenotic hypertension in coarctation can, in part, be explained by mechanical factors, the role played by the kidneys (one kidney Goldblatt model) and vascular wall remodeling of the arterial network [5]. Although, there is much to be gained from furthering our understanding of the causes and effects of hypertension on the cardiovascular system. Different classes of animal models of hypertension have been described in the literature. Most of them are developed in rats and present easy management and a modest cost. However, the rat can tolerate 100% of acute aortic coarctation without clinical signs and its vascular response to hypertension and collateral circulation development differ notably when it is compared with human being and large animal vasculature. In contrast, the porcine vasculature is perhaps the closest to the Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Research Article
The Effects of Salt and Water Loading on Kidney Function in Healthy Undergraduates

Rutgers University juniors and seniors enrolled in Systems Physiology Laboratory (01:146:356) Spring, 2019. One-hundred forty-five students volunteered to test the effects of salt and water loading on kidney function. Students were investigated beginning at 8:40 a.m., 1:40 p.m. , and 6:40 p.m. They were approximately evenly distributed between male and female genders and were of multiple cultural/ethnic backgrounds. Upon entering the laboratory baseline data were collected. Approximately half of the volunteers then consumed 200 mL of a 2.0% NaCl solution (n=77). The others directly consumed 1.0 L of tap water (n=68). Upon entering the laboratory baseline data were collected. The others directly consumed 1.0 L of tap water. Kidney function was monitored each 30 minutes for the next 90 minutes. Under baseline conditions, urine osmolality was elevated in all students (≥ 280 mOsm/kg) but was significantly (P<0.05) greater in the 8:40 a.m. group than in either of the p.m. groups. Urine specific gravity and sodium excretion were also elevated in the 8:40 a.m. group compared to the others. Urine flow rate was least in the 8:40 group and greatest in the 1:40 p.m. group. We conclude that in these students renal function was influenced by a diurnal pattern. We also conclude that without compelling incentives (e.g. financial, grade-influencing) it was virtually impossible to get students to comply with pre-experimental instructions (e.g. no salt-laden meals after 6:00 p.m. before the day of experimentation).
Adding combination immunotherapy consisting of cancer vaccine, anti-PD-1 and anti-CSF1R antibodies to gemcitabine improves anti-tumor efficacy in murine model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background Immunotherapy can take advantage of the immunogenic response that chemotherapy elicits in tumors. Gemcitabine is a standard agent used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, with known effects on the tumor immune microenvironment. The combination immunotherapy of the GVAX cancer vaccine, anti-PD-1 antibody and anti-CSF-1R antibody has been shown to improve survival in a murine model of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This combination regimen also increased the infiltration of CD8+ T-cells that expressed both PD1 and CD137, and these T-cells were shown to express high levels of interferon-gamma, a marker of cytotoxic effector CD8+ T-cells. The effect of the addition of gemcitabine to this promising immunotherapy regimen has not been investigated. Methods Mice with liver-metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were followed for 120 days to determine if adding immunotherapy, which comprised of varying combinations of GVAX, anti-PD-1 antibody and anti-CSF-1R antibody, to gemcitabine improved survival. Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells and myeloid cells, harvested after the mice were treated for 2 weeks, were analyzed with flow cytometry to characterize the effect the chemo-immunotherapy regimen had on the tumor microenvironment (TME). Results Adding combination immunotherapy after gemcitabine improved survival compared to gemcitabine treatment alone (gemcitabine/GVAX/anti-PD1, P<0.001; gemcitabine/anti-PD1/anti-CSF-1R, P<0.05; gemcitabine/GVAX/anti-PD1/anti-CSF-1R, P<0.01). However, there was no difference in survival between the three chemo-immunotherapy treatment regimens. Compared to gemcitabine-only treatment, the chemo-immunotherapy regimens also increased the percentage of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells that expressed interferon-gamma (gemcitabine/GVAX/anti-PD1, P<0.0001 and gemcitabine/GVAX/anti-PD1/anti-CSF-1R, P<0.0001). The chemo-immunotherapy regimens also increased the number of tumor-infiltrating PD1+CD137+CD8+ T-cells and interferon-gamma-expressing PD1+CD137+CD8+ T-cells, but these increases were not statistically significant. Anti-CSF-1R antibody decreased the infiltration of myeloid cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells caused by GVAX (P<0.05), and trended towards decreasing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (P=0.18). Conclusions The addition of anti-PD1 antibody with GVAX and/or anti-CSF-1R antibody to gemcitabine improved the survival of mice with liver-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Gemcitabine with GVAX and anti-PD1 with or without anti-CSF-1R also improved the infiltration of effector CD8+ T-cells, and the presence of anti-CSF-1R in the chemo-immunotherapy regimens decreased the infiltration of myeloid cells. The overlapping mechanisms of the components in the chemo-immunotherapy regimens may explain the lack of survival difference between the various regimens, and this remains to be explored.
The risk of tuberculosis related to TNF antagonist therapies: A TBNET consensus statement

Catholic University, Ruomberok, Slovakia; Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; 3 Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Kirchlindach, Switzerland; Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; Guy's and St Thomas Hospital, London, UK; Imperial College, London, UK; Kreiskrankenhaus Plochingen, Plochingen, Germany; University Hospitals of SchleswigHolstein, Kiel, Germany; 10 Pfizer, New London, USA; Sassari University, Sassari, Italy; University Medical Centrum Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy; Swiss Lung Association, Berne, Switzerland; Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Sociedad Española de Reumatologia, Madrid, Spain; Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy; University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark; Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Centro de Diagnóstico Pneumológico, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal; KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands; Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle, UK, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Tradate, Italy.
INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF ANCHUSA AZUREA EXTRACTS ON XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY AND ITS HYPOURICEMIC EFFECTS ON MICE

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the polyphenols and flavonoids from Anchusa azurea on XO activities in vitro and on serum and liver uric acid levels in normal and potassium oxonate-induced hyper uricemic mice. In addition, the renal function of the mice after flavonoid administration was estimated by the determination of blood urea and creatinine analysis. Methods: In the present study, Anchusa azurea were extracted with solvent of varying polarity allowed its separation into four subfractions: crude extract (Cr) chloroform extract (ChE), ethyl acetate extract (AcE), and aqueous extracts (AqE). Total polyphenol and flavonoids contents of Anchusa azurea extracts were determined. The inhibitory activity of the extracts on the XO was evaluated and the type of inhibition was determined. Hyperuricemia is induced by intraperitoneally injection of potassium oxonate, the uric acid, urea and creatinine were measured in serum and supernatant of the liver. The effect of the extracts on renal function was evaluated. The rate of urea and creatinine levels can be indicators for the assessment of renal function. Results: AcE were the richest in polyphenols and ChE was the richest fraction in flavonoids. The inhibitory activity of the extracts on the XO was evaluated, the results obtained showed that the inhibition is dose-dependent and ChE and AcE have the best inhibitory effect (IC50= 0.334±0.006 and 0.263±0.002 mg/ml, respectively), and both showed a noncompetitive type of inhibition. For antihyperuricemic effect, AqE and CrE caused a decrease in serum uric acid (a decrease of 66%) followed by ChE with a percentage of 29.22 %. The AcE keeps almost the same value of uric acid of "PO" group. For the supernatant, only CrE caused a significant decrease of liver uric acid (18.5±4.83 mg/l). This decrease can be explained by the significant inhibition of the XO by inhibition of the synthesis pathways of uric acid. Comparing the urea level of "OP" group (0.48 g/l), only extracts CrE-AA, AqE-AA (0.41g/l, 0.39 g/l) decreased the level of urea significantly (P ≤ 0.05) to the normal values of urea (0.34 g/l), we can conclude that the rate of urea and creatinine after treatment with plant extracts are normal and that the results of this study indicate the absence of renal damage in mice Conclusion: Anchusa azurea fractions have a strong inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase and also have a significant lowering effect on serum and liver creatinine and urea levels in hyper uricemic mice.
Comparison of the Analgesia between Indomethacin Suppository and Acetaminophen Tablet in Patients Undergone Spinal Caesarean

Postoperative analgesia is one of the important objectives in women undergone Caesarean surgery. We, therefore, we dealt with the comparison of the analgesic effect between Acetaminophen and Indomethacin in post-Caesarean analgesia. This random clinical trial was performed on 200 women who had undergone Caesarean delivery in Shahrood’s hospitals in 2013 and were randomly placed in 4 groups of 50 consisted of placebo, one Acetaminophen tablet, two Acetaminophen tablets and Indomethacin suppository and the postoperative intensity of pain was investigated with the help of VAS. In this random clinical trial, those 200 women who were studied, were divided into four groups of 50. Based on VAS (Visual Analog Scale) pain intensity was like this: Pain intensity mean was 4.2 in the group that received Indomethacin suppository, 8.28 in the group that received one Acetaminophen tablet, 6.2 in the group that received two Acetaminophen tablets and 8.4 in the group that received placebo. Therefore, pain intensity based on VAS showed statistically significant difference (P=0.0001) and the highest pain intensity was in the placebo group and the lowest was in the Indomethacin suppository group. Finally, Based on the results of this study and comparing them with similar studies conducted in this field, it can be inferred that Indomethacin suppository will result in a significant decrease in post-Caesarean pain intensity.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pinus Radiata from Jebel Marra Western Sudan

The wood of 25-year-old Pinus radiata D. Don. from Jebel Marra area Western Sudan was studied as a potential exotic timber tree. The physical and mechanical properties were determined including wood density, , static bending, modulus of rupture( MOR), modulus of elasticity ( MOE), Impact bending, compression strength parallel to grain, and shear stress. The obtained results were compared with the values for the same Pinus species from Southern Sudan and California state. The results have shown that the average value for the oven-dry wood density (529.0 kg m ) for the Western Sudanese pine was lower than that for the Southern Sudan pine (600 kg m). And nearer to the California pine ( 515 kg m). The Sudanese radiata pine has shown lower shrinkage ratio (1.55). The average value for the modulus of rupture (MOR) for the Western Sudan pine (807.0 kPa cm ) was higher than for the Southern Sudan pine (775.7 kPa m) and a bit lower than the California pine (814 kPa m). The modulus of elasticity (MOE) was higher average value for the Southern Sudan pine (12.72 GPa cm) which resembles that of the California pine (12.70 GPa cm ) while it was lower for the Western Sudan pine (11.63 GPa cm). The compressive strength was higher than both Southern Sudan and the California pines while the shear stress was lower than that of the American pine.
Milgram’s Experiment: Obedience or Emotional Adaptation on Empathy Emotional Scale?

This article has given efforts to analyze and interpret one of the most famous psychological experiments, conducted by Stanley Milgram, in the light of understanding of nature and characteristics of emotions. Milgram’s famous experiment is actually a series of experiments that started in the summer of 1961, at the Linsly-Chittenden hall of Yale University. This quintessential series of experiments revealed a very significant, yet shocking and unwelcome nature of the human psych. But there is no experimental proof that can explain the true reasons lying behind the results of this experiment. It has been inferred by different authors differently in the course of time. Milgram himself explained this as a fact of obedience in the lattice of the hierarchical social structure. Is it the singular factor? In this project, we will try to interpret it from another angle – that is basic nature and properties of individual emotions and their adaptive processes. We will see not only the matter of obedience, but a variety of factors – namely, magnitude of different emotions, previous adaptational states on different emotional scales, gradual adaptational processes, pressure of conformity to social and cultural norms, obligations coming from individual moral built, and finally genetical compositions of individual persons – all created a bidirectional force having its components acting in opposite directions. And the net product or sum of this bidirectional force ultimately expressed in a person’s action and behaviour that was observed in Milgram’s experiments.
Estimation of Semantic Similarity between Concepts using Multiple Ontologies (Wordnet and Mesh) FOR Biomedical DATA

The majority of the intelligent knowledge-based applications include elements for the purpose of measuring semantic similarity stuck between terms. A lot of the available semantic similarity measures that make use of ontology structure as their chief source cannot determine semantic similarity among terms and concepts by means of multiple ontologies. Hence, this research looks for a new approach to determine the semantic similarity among the biomedical concepts by means of multiple ontologies. In this work, a novel resemblance assess is proposed and it is combining both super concept of the assessed ideas and their general certainity feature. This feature takes the deepness of the Least Common Subsumer (LCS) of two ideas and the deepness of the ontology by the way to attain further semantic evidence. The similarity in the midst of two concepts is a weighted sum total of the resemblances of the two features among them. The features are Data content similarity and Presentation style similarity. The weight is calculated by using rank aggregation criteria. The similarity is measured based on some rules and assumptions. The similarity measure is based on Information Content (IC) and context vector. Subsequently, the proposed measure was assessed relative to human specialists’ ratings, and evaluated against the existing schemes of biomedical terms by means of two standard ontologies (WordNet and MeSH). WordNet was used as primary general ontology and MeSH was used as secondary ontology. The investigational outcomes proved the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, and demonstrated that proposed similarity measure provides the most excellent complete outcomes of correlation with individual ratings.
Effect of Nandrolone on Rat Cardiac Muscle and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin E: A Light & Electron Microscopic Study

Objectives: Evaluating the effects of nandrolone on cardiac muscle of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of vitamin E. Background: Nandrolone is an anabolic androgenic steroid used to increase the strength and improve the physical appearance. Material and Methods: Adult male albino rats (n=50) were used & classified into four groups: Group I (n= 10) served as control, group II(n= 10) treated with vitamin E (400 mg/kg/day) orally for 4weeks,group III (n= 20) treated with nandrolone (10 mg/kg/week) IM injection for 4weeks then, half the animals were killed (subgroup IIIA), and the other half were left without treatment for another 2 weeks (subgroup IIIB) & group IV(n= 10) treated with both nandrolone & vitamin E. At the end of the experiment, the heart was excised & processed for light, electron microscopic and statistical analysis. Results: Cardiac muscles of nandrolone treated rats showed considerable histological, ultrastructural & histochemical changes in the form of fragmentation, pyknotic nuclei, loss of striations, dehiscent intercalated disc, vacuolation, hemorrhage & dilated endomysium. There were increased collagen fibers in the endomysium & glycogen deposition. Intracellular cessation of nandrolone administration resulted in mild improvement of the changes. Co-administration of vitamin E with nandrolone revealed minimal changes. Conclusion: Nandrolone had toxic effect on rat cardiac muscle. This effect is partially reversible after cessation of treatment. Vitamin E had marked protective effect when coadministrated with nandrolone. [Maha El-Sayed Soliman, Ghada Hasan El-saify, Nadia S. Badawy khair, Mona A. Mohamed Soliman, Soad S. Abo-Habsa. Effect of Nandrolone on Rat Cardiac Muscle and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin E: A Light & Electron Microscopic Study. J Am Sci 2017;13(4):24-36]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas130417.03.
A bright future for breast and colon cancer patients

1Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Australia 2Queensland University of Technology, Australia 3Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, SunYat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China 4Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Australia
Iso-duration Determination of D′ and CS under Laboratory and Field Conditions

Abstract Whilst Critical Speed (CS) has been successfully translated from the laboratory into the field, this translation is still outstanding for the related maximum running distance (D′). Using iso-duration exhaustive laboratory and field runs, this study investigated the potential interchangeable use of both parameters, D′ and CS. After an incremental exercise test, 10 male participants (age: 24.9±2.1 yrs; height: 180.8±5.8 cm; body mass: 75.3±8.6 kg; V̇ ˙VO2peak 52.9±3.1 mL∙min−1∙kg−1) performed 3 time-to-exhaustion runs on a treadmill followed by 3 exhaustive time-trial runs on a-400 m athletics outdoor track. Field time-trial durations were matched to their respective laboratory time-to-exhaustion runs. D′ and CS were calculated using the inverse-time model (speed=D′/t+CS). Laboratory and field values of D′ and CS were not significantly different (221±7 m vs. 225±72 m; P=0.73 and 3.75±0.36 m∙s−1 vs. 3.77±0.35 m∙s−1, P=0.68), and they were significantly correlated (r=0.86 and 0.94). The 95% LoA were ±75.5 m and ±0.24 m∙s−1 for D′ and CS, respectively. Applying iso-durations provides non-significant differences for D′ and CS and a significant correlation between conditions. This novel translation method can consequently be recommended to coaches and practitioners, however a questionable level of agreement indicates to use D′ with caution.