Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
READING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GREEK DYSLEXIC AND NON-DYSLEXIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN GREECE

Until recently the vast majority of dyslexia research focused on English-speaking and children population, who tend to read significantly slower but mainly inaccurately, due to the inconsistency of the English language. This led to the wrong assumption that the main feature of dyslexia is inaccurate reading. However, results of research in phonologically consistent languages, such as Greek, Italian, German, Finnish, showed that reading speed is the main deficit of dyslexic readers in either children or adult population. The aim of this research was to investigate the differences in reading performance (reading speed, accuracy and comprehension) between Greek dyslexic university students and age-matched normal controls. A group of 26 Greek dyslexic university students was compared to a group of 28 non-dyslexics matched for age, sex and socio-educational level. All participants in the dyslexic group had a formal diagnosis of dyslexia. Results showed that dyslexics attained statistically significantly slower reading speed and made more reading errors compared to controls in all testing procedures (p<.001). However, dyslexics read at almost the same speed in both the aloud and silent reading conditions (p>.05) in contrast to non-dyslexics who read significantly faster in the silent condition (p<.05). Greek dyslexic university students were accurately differentiated from non-dyslexics based on the reading speed only (accuracy level 98.1%).
Normative and Non-Normative Engineering Student Experiences in Navigat- ing the Cultures of Engineering

Derrick Satterfield is a Ph.D. student in Engineering Education and Chemical Engineering at the University of Nevada, Reno. He graduated from the University of Nevada, Reno in May 2017, and plans to pursue a career in academia in the future. His research interests are in graduate student attrition rates within academia, engineering identity development and the factors that influence decision making on persistence.
PERUVIAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION Job finding and separation rates in an economy with high labor informality

Job finding and separation are not well studied in economies with high labor informality. In this paper we contribute to filling the gap in the literature of labor turnover, proposing a methodology to estimate both indicators in an economy with high informality. To this end we estimate indicators of job finding and separation rates for Peru’s developing economy, in which labor informality stands at 70 percent. We find that, on average, these indicators in the formal sector are similar to those estimated in developed economies; however, in the informal sector the calculated indicators are approximately two times higher than those of the formal sector. The two indicators show considerable heterogeneity in the informal sector according to several observable categories; in addition, the separation rate is countercyclical and the finding rate is procyclical, this cyclicality being greater in the formal sector. JEL Classification: E24, E26, J63, J64, O17.
Pilot prospective open, single-arm multicentre study on off-label use of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: No agent has yet been proven to be effective for the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a pilot prospective open, single-arm multicentre study on off-label use of tocilizumab (TCZ) involving 63 hospitalised adult patients (56 males, age 62.6+/-12.5) with severe COVID-19. Clinical and laboratory parameters were prospectively collected at baseline, day 1, 2, 7 and 14. No moderate-to severe adverse events attributable to TCZ were recorded. RESULTS: We observed a significant improvement in the levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer. The ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen (Pa02) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (Fi02) improved (mean+/-SD Pa02/Fi02 at admission: 152+/-53; at day 7: 283.73 +/- 115.9, at day 14: 302.2 +/- 126, p<0.05). The overall mortality was 11%; D-dimer level at baseline, but not IL-6 levels were predictors of mortality. TCZ administration within 6 days from admission in the hospital was associated with an increased likelihood of survival (HR 2.2 95%CI 1.3-6.7, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In hospitalised adult patients with severe COVID-19, TCZ could be a safe option. An improvement in respiratory and laboratory parameters was observed. Future controlled trials in patients with severe illness are urgently needed to confirm the definite benefit with IL-6 target therapy.
Is contracting-out intensified placement services more effective than in-house production? Evidence from a randomized field experiment

There is a longstanding debate on the advantages of quasi-markets for placement services for the unemployed compared to a public deliverance of such services. In Germany, the insurance-funded branch of the Public Employment Service (PES) usually assigns hard-to-place unemployed persons to private providers of intensified placement services after some months of unemployment. During 2009, a randomized field experiment has been implemented to investigate if such services might more effectively be provided in-house by the PES. We present first results from this experiment and show that half a year after random assignment, in-house provision resulted in a significantly lower share in unemployment and significantly fewer cumulated days in unemployment. The positive effect arises from exits into employment as well as from withdrawals from the labor market. However, in particular non-benefit recipients of in-house services withdraw more often from unemployment without finding a job. Copyright statement Please do not quote without permission from the authors. Only the final version that will be accepted for publication should be cited. This document has been posted for the purpose of discussion and rapid dissemination of preliminary research results. Author note We are grateful to the SWA2 unit of the German Public Employment Service – in particular Michael Irskens – for provision of data from the TrEffeR data base, to the ITM unit of the Institute for Employment Research – in particular Ali Athmani – for supporting the implementation and maintenance of the EMu data base, and to the “Pinguin” project team in the Federal Employment Agency for the cooperation.
Wage, Tenure, and Employment Effects of Wage Subsidies: Does the Industry Matter?

This paper explores the effects of a targeted wage subsidy program on wages, employment rates and tenure of previously unemployed workers. The analysis covers ten German industries and is based on rich administrative data. Within most industries, worker hired with the help of a subsidy earned similar short-run wages than similar unsubsidized workers. However, they fared significantly better in the longer run as they spent more days in employment during the time period under consideration (3.5 years). This may partly be contributed to the design of the subsidy scheme that provides a “protection period” for newly hired subsidized workers.
Literature review update to the HIA: Marijuana Regulation in Vermont

This rapid review was undertaken to provide an update to the Health Impact Assessment (HIA): Marijuana Regulation in Vermont. Since the previous update was published in 2017 there has been a substantial increase in the number of articles published related to cannabis and health: 2,203 articles with “marijuana” or “cannabis” and “health” in the title or abstract. Given the time frame available to complete the update the primary focus was review articles and meta-analyses published between January 2017 and February 2020. Primary journal articles were reviewed in some instances to supplement sections (for example, harm reduction) which have not been included in previous versions of either the HIA or the subsequent updates, or there is a paucity of research and consequently few or no review articles. Due to time constraints, not all review articles and meta-analyses were included in this summary and this should not be considered a comprehensive literature review; more recent articles and articles with higher assessed levels of evidence were prioritized, with a total of 132 articles reviewed. There are numerous, systematic, comprehensive resources available that describe the health impacts of marijuana. It is recommended to use these as reference materials.
Large Scale Use of Box Traps to Study and Control Saltmarsh Greenhead Flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts

During May and June 1970–79, ca. 300–730 box traps painted with light or dark colors were placed around the perimeters of Cape Cod salt marshes to capture green head flies ( Tabanus lineola and T. nigrovittatus ) which emerge during July and Aug. Yearly fluctuations in the average counts from a sample of 33 box traps visited weekly, generally correlated with average counts from unpainted, adhesive-smeared, square, masonite traps located at 6 sites in the experimental and 2 sites in the control marshes. These data and annual counts from ca. 40 additional box traps indicated that trap catches were related to annual variations in greenhead populations, marsh size, random movement of flies, and weather conditions rather than to the box trap colors. Over the 10- yr. period, a noticeable and measurable decrease in the nuisance level of the flies occurred around the perimeters of all marshes containing box traps. Samples of Tabanus taken from the traps were identified as 95.9% T. nigrovittatus) females, 3.6% T. lineola females, 0.4% T. lineola males, and small numbers of T. atratus females, T. nigrovittatus males, and other T. spp. None of the trapped female Tabanus which were killed and examined internally contained blood in the digestive tract, and almost 100% were parous. A list of other insects found in the box traps is given.
Occurrence of antibiotic activity in Conocephalum conicum, Mnium undulatum and Leptodictyum riparium (Bryophytes)

Abstract In the present work the results on antibiotic activity of the extracts from the liverwort Conocephalum conicum and the mosses Minium undulatum and Leptodictyum riparium, tested against 8 bacterial strains pathogenic to man, are referred to. The extracts have been obtained, according the method suggested by McCleary et al. (1960), in either organic solvents or in water solution. The extracts have been proved active on both bacteria Gram + ve (G +) and Gram—ve (G—), in addition the extracts from Conocephalum conicum and Leptodictyum riparium (extracts in organic solvents in particular) were the most effective in the tests. The acetone extracts from Leptodictyum riparium showed the highest value of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacterium responsible for serious opportunist infections). Our results on antibiotic activity of Bryophytes only partly agree with literature for either species showing activity or for the intensity of such activity. Among the three bryophytes employed Leptodicty.
Applying Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Deep Learning Networks to Decode Facial Expressions of Pain and Emotions

Cognitive Systems Group, Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Sciences, Otto-Friedrich-University Bamberg Intelligent Systems Group, Fraunhofer IIS Master of Science in Computing in the Humanities Applying Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Deep Learning Networks to Decode Facial Expressions of Pain and Emotions by Katharina Blandina WEITZ Deep learning networks are successfully used for object and face recognition in images and videos. In order to be able to apply such networks in practice, for example in hospitals as a pain recognition tool, the current procedures are only suitable to a limited extent. The advantage of deep learning methods is that they can learn complex non-linear relationships between raw data and target classes without limiting themselves to a set of hand-crafted features provided by humans. However, the disadvantage is that due to the complexity of these networks, it is not possible to interpret the knowledge that is stored inside the network. It is a black-box learning procedure. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches mitigate this problem by extracting explanations for decisions and representing them in a human-interpretable form. The aim of this master’s thesis is to investigate different XAI methods and apply them to explain how a deep learning network distinguishes facial expressions of pain from facial expressions of emotions such as happiness and disgust. The results show that the CNN has problems to distinguish between pain and happiness. By the usage of XAI it can be shown that the CNN discovers features for happiness in painful images, when the person shows no typical pain related facial expressions. Furthermore, the results show that the learned features of the network are dataset-independent. It can be concluded that model-specific XAI approaches seem to be a promising base to make the learned features visible for humans. This is on the one hand the first step to improve CNNs and on the other hand, to increase the comprehensibility of such black box systems.
S0033291719002022jra 1..12

Background. Social anxiety lies on a continuum, and young adults with elevated symptoms are at risk for developing a range of psychiatric disorders. Yet relatively little is known about the factors that govern the hour-by-hour experience and expression of social anxiety in the real world. Methods. Here we used smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to intensively sample emotional experience across different social contexts in the daily lives of 228 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of social anxiety symptoms. Results. Leveraging data from over 11 000 real-world assessments, our results highlight the central role of close friends, family members, and romantic partners. The presence of such close companions was associated with enhanced mood, yet socially anxious individuals had fewer confidants and spent less time with the close companions that they do have. Although higher levels of social anxiety were associated with a general worsening of mood, socially anxious individuals appear to derive larger benefits – lower levels of negative affect, anxiety, and depression – from their close companions. In contrast, variation in social anxiety was unrelated to the amount of time spent with strangers, co-workers, and acquaintances; and we uncovered no evidence of emotional hypersensitivity to these less-familiar individuals. Conclusions. These findings provide a framework for understanding the deleterious consequences of social anxiety in emerging adulthood and set the stage for developing improved intervention strategies.
Assessing GDP and Inflation Probability Forecasts Derived from the Bank of England Fan Charts

Density forecasts, including the pioneering Bank of England ‘fan charts’, are often used to produce forecast probabilities of a particular event. We use the Bank of England’s forecast densities to calculate the forecast probability that annual rates of inflation and output growth exceed given thresholds. We subject these implicit probability forecasts to a number of graphical and numerical diagnostic checks. We measure both their calibration and their resolution, providing both statistical and graphical interpretations of the results. The results reinforce earlier evidence on limitations of these forecasts and provide new evidence on their information content and on the relative performance of inflation and GDP growth forecasts. In particular, GDP forecasts show little or no ability to predict periods of low growth beyond the current quarter, due in part to the important role of data revisions.
Vazquez-Carrera Manuel (Orcid ID: 0000-0001-7138-8207) ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF A NEW HRI ACTIVATOR AS A NEW STRATEGY TO IMPROVE HIGH-FAT-DIET-INDUCED GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE, HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA THROUGH FGF21

ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF A NEW HRI ACTIVATOR AS A NEW STRATEGY TO IMPROVE HIGH-FAT-DIET-INDUCED GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE, HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA THROUGH FGF21 Mohammad Zarei, Eugènia Pujol, Tania Quesada-López, Francesc Villarroya, Emma Barroso, Santiago Vázquez, Javier Pizarro-Delgado, Xavier Palomer, and Manuel Vázquez-Carrera Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and IBUB, University of Barcelona, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Egg-laying, incubation and intraspecific nest parasitism by the Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata

Incubated clutches of the Mandarin Duck were larger earlier in the breeding season. At all nests there were days on which a single egg, and days on which no egg was added to a clutch; days on which more than one egg was added to a clutch were less frequent. Larger clutches had proportionately more days on which two or more eggs were added; the proportion of days on which no eggs were added was unrelated to clutch size. Larger clutches had a relatively shorter laying period than expected, but a longer incubation period than smaller clutches. Unhatched eggs resulted mainly from embryonic mortality, which was concentrated in the period just prior to pipping. Similar proportions of unhatched eggs resulted from eggs laid into clutches before and after the start of incubation. Larger clutches did not have proportionately more unhatched eggs. As all clutches had at least one day on which no eggs were laid, it is proposed that the proportion of nests parasitized was greater than that estimated from nests with mor.
Depauperated gene pools in Marmota m. marmota are caused by an ancient bottleneck: electrophoretic analysis of wild populations from Austria and Switzerland

Preleuthner M. and Pinsker W. 1993. Depauperated gene pools in Marmota m. marmota are caused by an ancient bottle neck: electrophoretic analysis of wild populations from Austria and Switzerland. [In: Ecological genetics in mammals. G. B. Hartl and J. Markowski, eds]. Acta theriol. 38, Suppl. 2: 121 - 139. Samples from 15 populations of the Alpine marmot Marmota m. marmota (Linnaeus, 1758) were surveyed electrophoretically for allozyme variation. Only 2 out of 50 enzyme loci showed polymorphism. Average heterozygosity was found to be low with 1.2%. No rare alleles were detected among the 8430 genes examined. The geographic variation at the two polymorphic loci (Pep-1 and Sod-1) was analysed in more detail. The distribution pattern of the allele frequencies indicates genetic differentiation between autochthonous and introduced populations. No striking deviations of the genotype distributions from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. Thus the population structure is apparently not affected by inbreeding. The obviously diminished genetic variation and the geographic pattern of the allele frequencies at the two variable loci can be best explained by assuming a severe bottleneck in the recent past.
Place-Specific Determinants of Income Gaps: New Sub-National Evidence From Mexico

Abstract The literature on wage gaps between Chiapas and the rest of Mexico revolves around individual factors, such as education and ethnicity. Yet, twenty years after the Zapatista rebellion, the schooling gap has shrunk while the wage gap has widened, and we find no evidence indicating that Chiapas indigenes are worse-off than their likes elsewhere in Mexico. We explore a different hypothesis and argue that place-specific characteristics condition the choices and behaviors of individuals living in Chiapas and explain persisting income gaps. Most importantly, they limit the necessary investments at the firm level in dynamic capabilities. Based on census data, we calculate the economic complexity index, a measure of the knowledge agglomeration embedded in the economic activities at the municipal level. Economic complexity explains a larger fraction of the wage gap than any individual factor. Our results suggest that the problem is Chiapas, and not Chiapanecos.
FISH physical mapping of 5S, 45S and Arabidopsis-type telomere sequence repeats in Chrysanthemum zawadskii showing intra-chromosomal variation and complexity in nature

Chrysanthemum zawadskii showed 2n=54 (hexaploid chromosme number) and extensive variation in the color of the ligules (from white to pinkish). FISH yellow colored signals of the 5S, 45S rDNA and telomeres were obtained after hybridized of the biotin labeled of the 5S rDNA, pTa71 and telomeric sequence repeats probes to somatic chromosomes. They showed 5-6 interstitial and two terminal signals at the 5S rDNA region, 10-14 terminal and 4-5 interstitial signals at the 45S rDNA region and the telomeric signals at the region of telomeric sequence repeats on both chromosome arms in the chromosome complement. Bicolor FISH showed that co-localization of the 5S and 45S rDNA on two terminal and five interstitial loci. This phenomenon might indicate a natural hybridization with closely related genera and/or genome rearrangement.
Determination of Intracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity and Bicarbonate Permeability in Intact Colon Epithelia by Observation of the 18O-labelling of Co2

Abstract We applied a mass spectrometric method, developed by Itada and Forster [1] for erythrocyte suspensions, which observes the exchange of 18O between HCO3 −, CO2 and H2O, to determine intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity, A i , and bicarbonate permeability, P, in intact guinea pig colon epithelium. To study the validity of the results with intact distal and proximal colon epithelia, we compared them with measurements of Ai and P in suspensions of isolated epithelial cells from the distal and proximal guinea pig colon. In both parts of the colon there is good agreement between the Ai values of colonocytes in suspension and in the intact colon epithelium. In addition we tested the temperature dependence of Ai and P, the oxygen supply to the colon during the measurements, and the intactness of the epithelial cells by trypan blue staining. We conclude that it is valid to use the method of Itada and Forster [1] with intact colon epithelial sheets. This new application allows us to study separately t.
Penial differentiation in speciation of subterranean mole rats Spalax ehrenbergi in Israel

Geographic and ontogenetic variation was examined in the glans penes and bacula of 92 specimens representing four biological species with the karyotypes 2n=52, 54, 58 and 60 of the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in 13 populations from Israel and one disjunct population from northern Egypt. Five measured and three calculated penial characters were analysed and employed in multivariate statistics. Comparison was made between penial morphological characters and craniometric biochemical and chromosomal data. The baculum is strongly species-specific and its length bears no significant relationships with head and body length. The results of these analyses suggest that different bacular morphologies may provide a basis for species-specific prezygotic isolating mechanisms, thus, together with other factors, contributing to reproductive isolation and speciation.