Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticholinergic and Sedative Medications Are Associated With Neurocognitive Performance of Well Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background We previously showed that anticholinergic (ACH) medications contribute to self-reported neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in elderly people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). The current cross-sectional study further evaluated the effect of ACH and sedative drugs on neurocognitive function in PWH who underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Methods A medication review was performed in PWH enrolled in the prospective Neurocognitive Assessment in Metabolic and Aging Cohort within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Neurocognitive functions were analyzed in 5 domains (motor skills, speed of information, attention/working memory, executive functions, and verbal learning memory). The effect of ACH and sedative medications on neurocognitive functioning was evaluated using linear regression models for the continuous (mean z-score) outcome and multivariable logistic regression models for the binary (presence/absence) outcome. Results A total of 963 PWH (80% male, 92% Caucasian, 96% virologically suppressed, median age 52) were included. Fourteen percent of participants were prescribed ≥1 ACH medication and 9% were prescribed ≥1 sedative medication. Overall, 40% of participants had NCI. Sedative medication use was associated with impaired attention/verbal learning and ACH medication use with motor skills deficits both in the continuous (mean z-score difference −0.26 to −0.14, P < .001 and P = .06) and binary (odds ratio [OR], ≥1.67; P < .05) models. Their combined use was associated with deficits in overall neurocognitive functions in both models (mean z-score difference −0.12, P = .002 and OR = 1.54, P = .03). These associations were unchanged in a subgroup analysis of participants without depression (n = 824). Conclusions Anticholinergic and sedative medications contribute to NCI. Clinicians need to consider these drugs when assessing NCI in PWH.
Estimation of Shear-Induced Lift Force in Laminar and Turbulent Flows

Abstract The goal of the present study is to demonstrate that direct numerical simulations (DNS) coupled with interface tracking methods can be used to estimate interfacial forces in two-phase flows. Current computational multiphase fluid dynamics codes model interfacial forces utilizing closure laws that are heavily dependent on limited experimental data and simplified analytical approximations. In the present work, a method for improving the current interfacial force database has been developed by using DNS to quantify the lift and drag forces on a single bubble in laminar and turbulent shear flows. A proportional-integral-derivative–based controller was implemented into the finite element–based, multiphase flow solver [PHASTA (Parallel, Hierarchic, higher-order accurate, Adaptive, Stabilized, finite element method Transient Analysis)] to control the bubble position. This capability allowed for utilization of a steady-state force balance on the bubble to determine lift and drag coefficients in various shear flows. Specifically, for low shear flows (2.0 s−1), the effect of the wall presence is analyzed, and for high shear flows, the effect of turbulence is studied. A number of uniform shear (10.0 to 470.0 s−1) laminar flows were simulated to assess lift and drag force behavior as the kinetic energy of the flow increased. Two high shear (236.0 and 470.0 s−1) turbulent flows were simulated to understand bubble-turbulence interaction influence on the drag and lift phenomena. Two uniform shear rates (20.0 and 100 s−1) were simulated utilizing pressurized water reactor fluid properties. The lift and drag coefficients estimated in this work are in agreement with models developed for low shear laminar flows, whereas for high shear laminar and turbulent flows, bubble-turbulence interaction became a dominating influence in the lift and drag coefficient estimation. The novel results and method presented in this paper offer a path to simulating full-fledged reactor coolant environments where the lift and drag forces on a single bubble can be studied.
THE RECENT HISTORY OF THE WOMEN’S MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY

This article focuses on the recent history of the women's movement in Turkey with a descriptive method. It particularly centres on women's organizations that were active between 1980-2010 and the women activists mobilized in these organizations. It attempts to make the impact of the women's movement on Turkish political and social life visible.
Determination of Mycotoxin Contamination Levels in Rice and Dietary Exposure Assessment

The contamination by aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone of samples of paddy and polished rice stored in silos located in Chiriquí, Panama, was evaluated. A total of 23 samples were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) and post-column photochemical derivatization. For the method used, the detection limits were lower than 0.25 μg/Kg for aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) and ochratoxin A and 9.35 μg/Kg for zearalenone; the limits of quantification were between 0.25 and 18.75 μg/Kg, respectively. Of the samples analyzed, all of the paddy rice samples were positive for at least one of the mycotoxins studied, zearalenone being the one found with the highest incidence (90.91%); for the polished rice samples, the mycotoxin with the highest incidence was zearalenone (50%), although in concentrations lower than those established in European legislation (100 μg/Kg). The estimate of the daily zearalenone intake according to the concentrations found was always less than 0.07 μg/Kg/bw. This is the first report on the determination of 6 mycotoxins in rice grains from Panama by the HPLC-FLD methodology. Considering the high incidence of mycotoxins in the analyzed rice samples, regular control in the production process is recommended to improve quality and ascertain its safety.
Development of nintedanib nanosuspension for inhaled treatment of experimental silicosis

Abstract Silicosis is an irreversible and progressive fibrotic lung disease caused by massive inhalation of crystalline silica dust at workplaces, affecting millions of industrial workers worldwide. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, nintedanib (NTB), has emerged as a potential silicosis treatment due to its inhibitory effects on key signaling pathways that promote silica‐induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, chronic and frequent use of the oral NTB formulation clinically approved for treating other fibrotic lung diseases often results in significant side effects. To this end, we engineered a nanocrystal‐based suspension formulation of NTB (NTB‐NS) possessing specific physicochemical properties to enhance drug retention in the lung for localized treatment of silicosis via inhalation. Our NTB‐NS formulation was prepared using a wet‐milling procedure in presence of Pluronic F127 to endow the formulation with nonadhesive surface coatings to minimize interactions with therapy‐inactivating delivery barriers in the lung. We found that NTB‐NS, following intratracheal administration, provided robust anti‐fibrotic effects and mechanical lung function recovery in a mouse model of silicosis, whereas a 100‐fold greater oral NTB dose given with a triple dosing frequency failed to do so. Importantly, several key pathological phenotypes were fully normalized by NTB‐NS without displaying notable local or systemic adverse effects. Overall, NTB‐NS may open a new avenue for localized treatment of silicosis and potentially other fibrotic lung diseases.
The predual and John-Nirenberg inequalities on generalized BMO martingale spaces

In this paper we introduce the generalized BMO martingale spaces by stopping time sequences, which enable us to characterize the dual spaces of martingale Hardy-Lorentz spaces H s p,q for 0 < p ≤ 1,1 < q < ∞. Moreover, by duality we obtain a John-Nirenberg theorem for the generalized BMO martingale spaces when the stochastic basis is regular. We also extend the boundedness of fractional integrals to martingale Hardy-Lorentz spaces.
The Pioneer 11 radio occultation measurements of the Jovian ionosphere

Radio occultation data obtained with the Pioneer 11 spacecraft are utilized to study Jupiter's ionosphere. The ingress measurements, which were conducted by using a stable earth-based frequency reference for the tracking link, yielded ionospheric data near the morning terminator at about 79 deg south latitude. Data were also taken during egress on the evening side near 20 deg north latitude. The latter measurements were conducted in the one-way mode; i.e., an on-board crystal oscillator was employed as a frequency reference for the downlink (spacecraft-to-earth) signal. These data confirm previous results obtained with Pioneer 10 and show that Jupiter has a multilayered ionosphere extending over an altitude range of more than 3000 km. The topside scale height near 79 deg south latitude was 540 + or - 60 km. Assuming a topside electron, H(+) distribution controlled by diffusion yields a plasma temperature of 850 + or - 100 K in this region. The radio data indicate that the upper atmosphere is either warmer or more dissociated into atomic hydrogen than previously anticipated.
Accuracy of telephone screening tools to identify dementia patients remotely: systematic review

Summary The COVID19 pandemic highlighted the need for remote diagnosis of cognitive impairment and dementia. Telephone screening for dementia may facilitate prompt diagnosis and optimisation of care. However, it is not clear how accurate telephone screening tools are compared with face-to-face screening. We searched Cochrane, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus for all English language papers published between January 1975 and February 2021 which compared telephone screening for dementia/ mild cognitive impairment and an in-person reference standard, performed within six-weeks. We subsequently searched paper reference lists and contacted authors if data were missing. Three reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed study quality using an adapted version of the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool. Twenty-one studies including 944 participants were found. No one test appears more accurate, with similar validities as in-person testing. Cut-offs for screening differed between studies based on demographics and acceptability thresholds and meta-analysis was not appropriate. Overall the results suggest telephone screening is acceptably sensitive and specific however, given the limited data, this finding must be treated with some caution. It may not be suitable for those with hearing impairments and anxiety around technology. Few studies were carried out in general practice where most screening occurs and further research is recommended in such lower prevalence environments.
The Impact of High CMV Viral Load and Refractory CMV Infection on Pediatric HSCT Recipients with Underlying Non-Malignant Disorder

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative therapy for an increasing number of nonmalignant indications. Its use is restricted by severe transplant-related complications, including CMV infection; despite various prophylactic and therapeutic strategies, CMV reactivation has remarkable morbidity and mortality. The analysis included 94 children with nonmalignant disorder who underwent allogeneic HSCT in the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation in Wrocław during years 2016–2020. Twenty-seven (29%) children presented with CMV infection, including ten (10/27; 37%) with high level CMV viremia (10,000 copies/mL). Six patients experienced subsequent CMV reactivation. The first-line ganciclovir-based (GCV) treatment was insufficient in 40% (11/27) of children. Overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in children with high CMV viremia compared to those with low levels/no CMV [1yrOS High CMV = 0.80 (95% CI 0.41–0.95) vs. 1yrOS others = 0.96 (95% CI 0.89–0.99)]. Similarly, patients with resistant and recurrent infections had greater risk of death. CMV reactivation at any level relevantly prolonged the hospital stay. CMV reactivation with high viremia load and resistant/recurrent CMV infections lead to a significant decrease in OS in children with nonmalignant disorders treated with HSCT. Our data proves there is an urgent need to introduce an effective anti-CMV prophylaxis in this cohort of patients.
Association Between Blood Pressure, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels in Hypothyroid Patients: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Background: Thyroid hormones have substantial effects on blood pressure (BP) and renal function as they influence the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Maintaining healthy BP and preventing premature development of nephropathy necessitates taking steps. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the association between BP, GFR, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in hypothyroid patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective record review study of all hypothyroid patients from June 1, 2010 to June 6, 2020. The medical records of 1,181 adult patients were reviewed, and 157 met the criteria. All patients aged >18 years who were diagnosed with hypothyroidism and were on levothyroxine therapy, were included in this study. Results: More than half of the participants were female (83.4%). There was no significant correlation between TSH and systolic BP (P= 0.6), or TSH and diastolic BP (P=0.8), while there was a positive correlation between TSH and creatinine (r=0.4, P=0.001) and a negative correlation between TSH and GFR (r=−0.2, P=0.01). Conclusions: We found no association between BP and TSH, while creatinine correlated directly and GFR inversely with TSH. Follow-up renal function should be a target for physicians in hypothyroid patients to prevent premature complications.
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND INTERNATIONAL PRICES ON EXPORT VOLUME IN THE GARMENT SECTOR (CONVECTION) OF INDONESIAN TEXTILES WITH EXPORT VAT RESTITUTION POLICY AS A DUMMY VARIABLE FOR 2005-2019

Export is one of the international trades that can increase the country's economy and foreign exchange. This study aims to determine the effect of foreign investment and international prices on the export volume of apparel (convection) from Indonesian textiles with the Export VAT Restitution Policy as a Dummy Variable for 2005-2019. This research is quantitative research. The method used in this study is a simple regression method with the OLS model. The results of the study highlight that the foreign investment variable and international prices had a significant effect on the export volume of Indonesian apparel, but the export VAT restitution policy had no effect on the export volume of Indonesian apparel because other policies were needed to support these policies in order to increase exports.
The Definition of Standard ML (Revised)

Part 1 Syntax of the core: reserved words special constants comments identifiers lexical analysis infixed operators derived forms grammar syntactic restrictions. Part 2 Syntax of modules: reserved words identifiers infixed operators grammar for modules syntactic restrictions. Part 3 Static semantics for the core: simple objects compound objects projection, injection and modification types and type functions type schemes scope of explicit type variables non-expansive expressions closure type structures and type environments inference rules further restrictions. Part 4 Static semantics for modules: semantic objects type realization signature instantiation functor signature instantiation enrichment signature matching inference rules. Part 5 Dynamic semantics for the core: reduced syntax simple objects compound objects basic values basic exceptions function closures inference rules. Part 6 Dynamic semantics for modules: reduced syntax compound objects inference rules. Part 7 Programmes. Part 8 Appendices.
Tritium Desorption Behavior from Soil Exposed to Tritiated Water

In this study, tritiated water was poured in a packed bed of natural soil and subsequently distilled water was poured in the bed to recover tritium retained in the soil at room temperature. From tritium balance, 22.5 % (7.1 MBq) of input tritium (31.5 MBq) was retained in the soil bed. By distilled water purge, 70 % (5 MBq) of retained tritium was recovered but 30% (2.1MBq) was left. To recover residual tritium, the soil was immersed in distilled water for 531 days but the amount of tritium released to distilled water was slight (0.04 MBq). A part of the soil immersed in the water was taken out and heated up to 300°C under humid oxygen atmosphere. Tritium release terminated at about 50 hours. 11 % (0.23 MBq) of retained tritium was released. By heating to 1000°C, the release amount of tritium increased proportionally to the time and additional 4% (0.09 MBq) was released at 5 hours. The desorption rates of tritium in each process was quantified. Tritium is quite slowly released from the natural soil exposed to tritiated water in water at room temperature. However, a long time heating by 1000°C would be required to try to recover all tritium from the contaminated soil positively, although tritium recovery was not completed in this work.
Who Counts as Family: A Pluralistic Account of Family in the Genetic Context

Abstract:Genetic information affects patients' families differently than other types of medical information. Family members might have a compelling interest in patients' genetic information, but who counts as family? In this article, I assess current definitions of family and propose a pluralistic account of family, which comprises definitions of family based on biomedical, legal, and functional aspects. Respectful of various forms of family, a pluralistic account includes those with interests in genetic information. Finally, I apply it in the hypothetical case of a sperm donor with a hereditary condition.
The technique of stump closure has no impact on post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula in the non-small cell lung cancer—a cross-sectional study

Background Pneumonectomy is a high-risk radical resection procedure, with bronchopleural fistula (BPF) being its most challenging and severe complication. This study aimed to assess the surgical risk factors and the impact of the bronchial stump closure technique on the incidence of the BPF. Methods This is a single-center, cross-sectional study of the medical records of 455 post-pneumonectomy patients operated due to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2006–2017. We analyzed the following variables and their influence on the occurrence of the BPF: operation side, surgical techniques (i.e., manual suture or the stapler), stump buttressing, the extension of pneumonectomy, comorbidities, and postoperative complications. Results BPF occurred in 7.47% of post-pneumonectomy patients. BPF was more prevalent in right-sided pneumonectomy versus left-sided (10.98% vs. 5.32%; P=0.026). The use of a stapler or manual suture was not associated with the incidence of the BPF (7.96% vs.7.09%, P=0.72). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of BPF among bronchial stump buttressing with the parietal pleura (P=0.80), intercostal muscle flap (IMF) (P=0.46), and pericardial fat pad (P=0.88). When comparing data from 2006–2012 with those from 2013–2017, we found a steady decrease in the number of performed stump reinforcements, but this was not associated with a higher risk of BPF. Conclusions The method used for stump closure, additional tissue buttressing of the bronchial stump and year of the surgery had no significant impact on the occurrence of BPF. Only right-sided pneumonectomy was associated with higher BPF occurrence.
Wreath Products of Groups and Semigroups

Part 1 Wreath products of groups: construction and basic properties centralizers conjugacy and direct decomposition nilpotency automorphisms classes of groups some special constructions generalized wreath products twisted wreath products and crown products. Part 2 Wreath products of semigroups: construction and basic properties regular semigroups generalized wreath products the Krohn-Rhodes theorem applications and further developments.
Results From a Decade of Optical Fiber Strainmeters at Piñon Flat Observatory

Optical fibers, stretched between anchors attached to the Earth and buried in boreholes and shallow trenches, offer an inexpensive and robust means to observe Earth strain. We have deployed several optical fiber strainmeters (OFSs) in boreholes, where thermal stability helps mitigate the noise from temperature changes. We have also constructed horizontal OFSs in 1‐m‐deep trenches of lengths 221 and 174 m. In these, a second optical fiber having a contrasting temperature coefficient provides a means to separate true strain from thermal noise. Signals in the seismic band from the horizontal strainmeters agree well with records from collocated seismometers, and the predominant ambient noise recorded by both techniques are consistent. Solid Earth strain tides with amplitude of 30 nε (nanostrain) are observed in these horizontal OFSs that agree well with those observed by collocated vacuum laser strainmeters. Noise at periods of a few days amounts to 50 nε. The two horizontal strainmeters show drift rates of up to 1 µε per month, and occasional false signals (evident from comparisons with the vacuum laser strainmeters) can accumulate occasionally to the order of 50 nε over times from hours to weeks. Results to date indicate that this technology on land could detect slow‐slip events of amplitude 100 nε and higher.
Effects of cutting speed and feed per knife on size distribution of pulp chips produced by a chipper-canter from frozen and unfrozen logs

ABSTRACT The cutting speed (CS) and feed per knife (FK) are among the most important variables affecting chip size produced by chipper-canters. Nine groups of black spruce logs were processed at three CS (20, 25, and 30 m/s) and three FK (19, 25, and 32 mm). Each log was processed under frozen (−13°C) and unfrozen (19°C) conditions. Chip size was assessed by thickness and by width/length. Chip size increased as CS decreased and FK increased. Frozen logs produced thinner chips and higher proportions of small chips. The weighted mean chip thickness (WCT) increased as the FK increased and CS decreased. The highest accepts proportion by thickness was obtained at 19 mm FK and 20 m/s CS, while the highest width/length accepts were produced at 32 mm FK and 20 m/s CS. Grain angle and knot proportion were the most significative covariates for chip size. Regressions showed that FK, CS, knot proportion, grain angle, and taper were the best predictors for WCT, explaining 86% and 81% of the WCT variations for frozen and unfrozen logs, respectively. Therefore, a combined evaluation of cutting parameters and raw material is essential to predict WTC, reduce chip size variations, and thus improve chip quality.