Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction in collaborative writing between international and domestic students in an Indonesian university

This research investigates verbal interaction in collaborative writing between students from two countries with different L1 when writing an academic essay in a foreign language writing class. Eight students from Indonesia and China participated, and were divided into Indonesian-Indonesian pairs and Indonesian-Chinese pairs. Using the method of qualitative content analysis, the transcripts from their communication were coded inductively and then categorized. The findings denote that there are three categories in their spoken interaction: what to write (ideas), where to write (structural organization), and how to write (language-related). Similarly, all pairs focused their discussions on ‘what to write’ (ideas to be written in the essays). However, Indonesian-Indonesian pairs also discussed ‘the language-related aspects’ mostly about lexical choice and the meaning, more than the mixed pairs. The Indonesian-Chinese pairs conversed, in most of their time, about the content through sharing, explaining, and negotiating their ideas. As the implication, in order to produce an essay with the same length and type, the mixed pairs executed more time in their spoken interaction.
Annual Variation in Atmospheric 14C Between 1700 BC and 1480 BC

ABSTRACT In 2018 Pearson et al. published a new sequence of annual radiocarbon (14C) data derived from oak (Quercus sp.) trees from Northern Ireland and bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) from North America across the period 1700–1500 BC. The study indicated that the more highly resolved shape of an annually based calibration dataset could improve the accuracy of 14C calibration during this period. This finding had implications for the controversial dating of the eruption of Thera in the Eastern Mediterranean. To test for interlaboratory variation and improve the robustness of the annual dataset for calibration purposes, we have generated a replicate sequence from the same Irish oaks at ETH Zürich. These data are compatible with the Irish oak 14C dataset previously produced at the University of Arizona and are used (along with additional data) to examine inter-tree and interlaboratory variation in multiyear annual 14C time-series. The results raise questions about regional 14C offsets at different scales and demonstrate the potential of annually resolved 14C for refining subdecadal and larger scale features for calibration, solar reconstruction, and multiproxy synchronization.
The Links between Saving Rates, Income and Uncertainty: An Analysis based on the 2011 Household Budget Survey

[eng] Using data from the 2010-2011 Insee Household Budget Survey (enquete Budget de famille), the article examines the links between the saving rate of French households and their income. It shows that the saving rate of the richest households increases with permanent income: they save more over their lifecycle. In addition, the empirical analysis makes it possible to identify and quantify a precautionary motive linked to the risk of unemployment: the precautionary motive leads to a surplus of savings flows of approximately 6.4% for working households. Furthermore, the proportion of precautionary wealth linked to uncertainty over future income is comparable, around 6.3% of overall wealth. Finally, the significance of the precautionary motive depends on the level of income, following an inverted U shaped curve: it is almost twice as strong for households in the third and fourth quintiles than for the extreme income quintiles.
Individual Readiness for Change and Affective Commitment to Change: The Mediation Effect of Technology Readiness on Public Sector

Today, changes in the era industry 4.0 can not be separated from the rapid development and application of information systems and sophisticated technology. This study investigates Technology Readiness's role as a mediator in the relationship between Individual Readiness for Change and Affective Commitment to Change. Data were collected from 178 respondents working in the public sector in Indonesia. OLS calculation results using Macro Hayes on PROCESS Procedure for IBM SPSS Version 3.3 shows that Technology Readiness mediates the relationship between Individual Readiness for Change and Affective Commitment to Change. Hypothesis testing used the Hayes approach and the causal path approach from Baron and Kenny as a comparison. This study successfully proves the mediation relationship of Technology Readiness to the relationship between IRFC and AC2C, as partial mediators. The results are expected to provide information for HR management in managing employee commitment as the leading performer in organizational change related to IT implementation.
CONTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS TOWARD DISTRIBUTION OF TEN MOST DANGEROUS WEED SPECIES GLOBALLY

Weeds can be a global threat to biodiversity and ecosystems. Understanding the contribution of environmental factors toward weed distribution can vastly improve the effectiveness of the methods adopted for the prevention and control of weed expansion on a large scale. Through multiple studies, we are now aware of the top 10 most dangerous weed species (in terms of endangering biodiversity). However, few studies have paid attention to the contribution of environmental factors toward the distribution of these weed species globally. In this study, we used species distribution modelling to project weed distribution based on occurrence records and environmental factors. We then used the jackknife estimation to assess the contribution of environmental factors toward weed distribution globally. Our results showed that climatic factors coupled with the human ecological footprint significantly contributed toward the distribution of these weed species. However, annual mean temperature made the largest contribution toward the distribution, except in the case of Sorghum halepense. Concerning distribution, different weed species respond differently to the annual mean temperature. However, the human ecological footprint can enhance their global distribution. We suggest that climate change and human influence should be analyzed together to realize methods for the prevention and control of the 10 most dangerous weed species globally.
Toxicological Effect of Biodiesel Emission Particles on Cellular System of Albino Rats

Aim: This study investigates toxicological effect of biodiesel smokes on cellular system of albino rats. Study Design: Biodiesel was blended with fuel diesel at 100, 75, 50, and 25% v/v. Rats were exposed to each flame for 120 seconds daily over a period of ten days. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory work was carried out in the Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria. Methodology: Rats were grouped into six each containing six rats designated; Control group (no exposure), FD (exposed to smoke of fuel diesel), 100BD, 75BD, 50BD and 25BD exposed to 100, 75, 50 and 25% blend of biodiesel respectively. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed, liver, lungs and brain was isolated and homogenized. Serum was also separated. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), choline esterase (CEST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed for in the selected tissues. Results: ALP activity of liver of rats in Control group was significantly higher (p<.05) relative to rats in other treatment groups. Lungs ACP activity of rats in Control groups was 3 folds that of rats in FD group, 2 folds those of rats in 100BD, 75BD and 25BD groups. CEST activity in brain of rats in Original Research Article Adeyemi and Adeyemi; AJRB, 6(2): 22-29, 2020; Article no.AJRB. 55848 23 Control group was 3 folds that of FD group and two folds that of 50BD and 25BD group of rats. Conversely, serum CEST activity of rats in Control group was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to that of other treatment groups it is about 16% that of FD group in particular. Serum MDA level of Control rats was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to each of the other treatment groups. Conclusion: Biochemical evidence from this study indicated loss of membrane integrity, possible inflammation of cells of the brain, lungs, and liver.
CMAR_A_237224 931..940

1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, “Magna Graecia” University, Catanzaro, Italy; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Cardiology, G. Martino General Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; 3Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy; 4Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Padua; Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 5Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Evolutive Age, Surgical Oncology Division, University Hospital of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy; 6Interventional Oncology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IstitutoTumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari 70124, Italy; 7Department of Health Science, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, Catanzaro 88100, Italy Abstract: Tumor recurrences or metastases remain a major hurdle in improving overall
Revealing New Patterns in Resource Saving Processing of Chromium Containing Ore Raw Materials by Solid Phase Reduction

The physical and chemical properties of products from the carbon-thermal reduction of oxide chromo-containing ore raw materials have been investigated. This is necessary to determine the parameters that reduce the loss of Cr in the processing of ore materials and the use of metallized chromium doping additives in steelmaking. It has been determined that the increase in processing temperature from 1,250 K to 1,450 K led to an increase in the manifestation of Cr 23 C 6 and (Cr, Fe) 7 C 3 . In this case, the diffraction maxima of Cr 2 O 3 corresponded to the trend of weakening and, having been treated at 1,450 K, had a residual character. Cr 3 C 2 on the diffractograms was only evident after processing at 1,250 K. The phase of the metallic Cr was traced in the samples after processing at 1,350 K and 1,450 K with the increased intensity of manifestation when the heating temperature rose. It has been determined that the microstructure of reduction products is heterogeneous with the presence of particles of different sizes and chemical compositions. The increase in the reduction temperature from 1,250 K to 1,350 K and 1,450 K and the development of reduction processes were accompanied by particle sintering with the formation of a spongy microstructure. We have detected regions that characterized inclusions and the phases where Cr content amounted to 65.10 % by weight, Fe ‒ to 16.13 % by weight. Some local areas with particles with a relatively high content of ore impurities and carbon have also been found. It follows from the results of our study that the most acceptable temperature for reduction is 1,450 K. In this case, the reduction is ensured with a predominance in the phase composition of the metal Cr and carbides (Cr, Fe) 7 C 3 and Cr 23 C 6 relative to the oxide component of Cr 2 O 3 . In this case, the lower residual carbon content was due to the higher efficiency of the reducer compared to other temperature regimes. The spongy microstructure allows for a faster dissolution compared to standard ferroalloys, thereby reducing the duration of smelting
A CT-based radiomics signature for evaluating tumor infiltrating Treg cells and outcome prediction of gastric cancer

Background Tumor infiltrating regulatory T (TITreg) cells are highly infiltrated in gastric cancer (GC) and associated with worse prognosis of GC patients. We aim to develop and validate a radiomics signature for evaluation of TITreg cells and outcome prediction of GC patients. Methods A total of 165 GC patients from three independent cohorts were enrolled in this retrospective study. The abundance of TITreg cells were evaluated by using multispectral immunohistochemical analysis and CIBERSORT algorithm. The radiomics features were extracted by using PyRadiomics software and the radiomics signature was generated by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to assess the performance of radiomics signature for estimating TITreg cells. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis were used for identifying risk factor of overall survival (OS). The prognostic value of the radiomics signature and the TITreg cells were evaluated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results Six robust features were selected for building the radiomics signature. The radiomics signature showed good ability for estimating TITreg in the training, validation and testing cohort, with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.884, 0.869 and 0.847, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the radiomics signature was an independent risk factor of unfavorable OS of GC patients. Conclusions The proposed CT-based radiomics signature is a promising non-invasive biomarker of TITreg cells and outcome prediction of GC patients.
Can ocean community production and respiration be determined by measuring 
high-frequency oxygen profiles from autonomous floats?

Abstract. Oceanic primary production forms the basis of the marine food web and provides a pathway for carbon sequestration. Despite its importance, spatial and temporal variations of primary production are poorly observed, in large part because the traditional measurement techniques are laborious and require the presence of a ship. More efficient methods are emerging that take advantage of miniaturized sensors integrated into autonomous platforms such as gliders and profiling floats. One such method relies on determining the diurnal cycle of dissolved oxygen in the mixed layer and has been applied successfully to measurements from gliders and mixed layer floats. This study is the first documented attempt to estimate primary production from diurnal oxygen changes measured by Argo-type profiling floats, thus accounting for the whole euphotic zone. We first present a novel method for correcting measurement errors that result from the relatively slow response time of the oxygen optode sensor. This correction relies on an in-situ determination of the sensor's effective response time. The method is conceptually straightforward and requires only two minor adjustments in current Argo data transmission protocols: (1) transmission of measurement time stamps, and (2) occasional transmission of downcasts in addition to upcasts. Next, we present oxygen profiles collected by 10 profiling floats in the northern Gulf of Mexico, evaluate whether community production and respiration can be detected, and show evidence of internal oscillations influencing the diurnal oxygen signal. Our results show that profiling floats are capable of measuring diurnal oxygen variations although the confounding influence of physical processes does not permit a reliable estimation of biological rates in our data set. We offer suggestions for recognizing and removing the confounding signals.
Are interest rates unit root in Ghana? An Empirical Assessment

The paper examines the hypothesis of unit roots in interest rates [Proxied by Treasury bill-T-bill- rates (91-day T-bill rate, 182-day T-bill rate, and 1-year T-bill rate] for Ghana for the period 2007 to 2013, using monthly data. The test was performed by employing the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test and the Kwiatkwski, Phillips, Schmidt and shin (KPSS). The results of the tests indicate T-bill rates have unit root in levels supporting the unit root hypothesis for Ghana.
Adsorption of nicosulfuron herbicide in the agricultural soils of Bosnia and Herzegovina

In this study, the sorption characteristics of nicosulfuron herbicide in soils from different agricultural regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as factors influencing the sorption process, were evaluated. The analysis was performed using a batch equilibrium method. The obtained results showed that soils in Bosnia and Herzegovina are very versatile in terms of their characteristics. The Freundlich adsorption coefficient (Kf) coefficient ranged from 0.027 to 7.388, while the slope of the Freundlich isotherm (1/n) varied from 0.291 to 1.927. In soils with pH 4.31–7.60, 1/n was found to be less than 1 (0.337–0.547), and for the extremely alkaline soil with pH 8.2, 1/n was 1.927. Adsorption of nicosulfuron in the tested soils of Bosnia and Herzegovina was significantly correlated with the sand and silt content in the soil. Multiple linear regression correlating log Kf with the sand and silt content in the studied soils was also statistically significant (R2 = 0.951; P = 0.0108). The results of this study indicate that in sandy soils, which are slightly or moderately alkaline, the adsorption of nicosulfuron is very low and only a small amount of nicosulfuron will be adsorbed.
Retreat of Dentaria enneaphyllos in Rychlebské hory Mts (Czech Republic), in perspective of habitat preferences

Dentaria enneaphyllos L. is a characteristic herb of species-rich temperate forests of Central Europe. Because the mountain forest ecosystems in the North of the Czech Republic were profoundly changed during the last decades, decline of this sensitive species was expected. Historical (before 1980) and recent distribution and habitat types of Dentaria enneaphyllos in Rychlebské hory Mts, a typical Central-European mountainous area are compared. Ecological preferences of the species within the Czech Republic are viewed using information from main phytosociological overviews, and calibrating ELLENBERG indicator values for 646 phytosociological relevés with Dentaria enneaphyllos from the years 1930–2000. Historical distribution in Rychlebské hory Mts covered a greater part of the study area, with common bedrocks as granites and gneiss. Recent populations occur almost exclusively in the southernmost part, which is marked by a specific bedrock, phyllite and crystalline limestone. Recent localities are leeward valleys and foothills, whereas historical localities often were wind-exposed slopes. Ecological preferences within the Czech Republic did not change during 1930–2000; the species is quite strictly confined to specific conditions. Interestingly, ELLENBERG’s indicator values for the species Dentraria enneaphyllos differ from the calibrated values for relevés in five of six parameters. The pprobable cause of the species retreat in Rychlebské hory Mts is soil acidification and nutrient leaching induced with acid industrial deposits. The only acceptable habitats remained the sites with both accumulation of nutrients (along water courses) and capacity to buffer the acid deposits (calcareous bedrock).
What have we missed when studying the impact of aerosols on surface ozone via changing photolysis rates?

Abstract. Previous studies have emphasized that the decrease in photolysis rate at the surface induced by the light extinction of aerosols could weaken ozone photochemistry and then reduce surface ozone. However, quantitative studies have shown that weakened photochemistry leads to a much greater reduction in the net chemical production of ozone, which does not match the reduction in surface ozone. This suggests that in addition to photochemistry, some other physical processes related to the variation of ozone should also be considered. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model coupled with the ozone source apportionment method was applied to determine the mechanism of ozone reduction induced by aerosols over central East China (CEC). Our results showed that weakened ozone photochemistry led to a significant reduction in ozone net chemical production, which occurred not only at the surface but also within the lowest several hundred meters in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Meanwhile, a larger ozone gradient was formed in the vertical direction, which led to the high concentrations of ozone aloft being entrained by turbulence from the top of the PBL to the surface and partly counteracting the reduction in surface ozone. In addition, contribution from dry deposition was weakened due to the decrease in surface ozone concentration. The reduction in the ozone's sink also slowed down the rate of the decrease in surface ozone. Ozone in the upper layer of the PBL was also reduced, which was induced by much ozone aloft being entrained downward. Therefore, by affecting the photolysis rate, the impact of aerosols was a reduction in ozone not only at the surface but also throughout the entire PBL during the daytime over CEC in this study. The ozone source apportionment results showed that 41.4 %–66.3 % of the reduction in surface ozone came from local and adjacent source regions, which suggested that the impact of aerosols on ozone from local and adjacent regions was more significant than that from long-distance regions. The results also suggested that while controlling the concentration of aerosols, simultaneously controlling ozone precursors from local and adjacent source regions is an effective way to suppress the increase in surface ozone over CEC at present.
Patterns and Trends of Rifampicin-Resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Associated Factors among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital

In Ethiopia, evidence on rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rare. Therefore, this study aims to assess pattern of Rifampicin‐resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and associated factors among presumptive tuberculosis patients. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted among presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases at Debre Berhan referral hospital. Data were collected from registration books using checklist. Data were entered to Epi-data and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results were summarized using regression statistics and presented with frequency tables and figures. P-value less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Of a total of 3689 (male=51%, female=49%) presumptive cases screened at Debre Berhan referral hospital Laboratory with gene-x-pert; 34.4% and 65.6% were from urban and rural respectively, with mean age of 33.8 year. 483 (13%) cases were found to be TB positive, of which 25 (5.2%) were with rifampicin resistance. Family member ≥ 3, contact history with TB suspect, previous treatment history and age group 16-30 years were found in 80%, 64%, 28% and 44% of rifampicin resistance cases, respectively. Sero-status of rifampicin resistance cases were statistically significant association (p=0.013, AOR=2.97, CI=1.059-17). The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis was high. Most of the affected study subjects were also productive age group (16-30 years). Therefore, wide range of awareness creation is mandatory. The availability of gene-x-pert should be scaled up and avail at large for early diagnosis and treatment.