Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of foreign body ingestion and food impaction in adults: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND The management of food impaction and foreign body ingestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract requires careful evaluation and timely intervention. This study was a retrospective evaluation of the management of adult patients with such a history. METHODS This study included adult patients admitted to a tertiary medical center with foreign body ingestion or food impaction between January 2012 and January 2018. The demographic and clinical data were recorded pro forma for statistical analysis. RESULTS Of the 122 patients included in this study, 53.2% were male, and the mean age was 46.68+-18.64 years. In 84 of the patients (68.8%), the ingested object was food. Thirty patients were managed solely through laryngoscopy, while 61 patients (50%) underwent a flexible endoscopy. The patients with a foreign body ingestion were older than those with a food impaction (mean age: 51.3+-17.4 vs. 36.5+-17.4 years; p<0.001) and a plain radiograph showed the ingested material more often in those patients (36.8% vs 10.7%; p<0.001). Two patients underwent surgery due to perforations caused by the impacted material. No mortality was observed. CONCLUSION The management of a foreign body ingestion or food impaction in an emergency setting requires a stepwise, algorithmic approach.
Influence of once daily milking and restricted feeding on milk characteristics in late lactation

Forty-two identical twinsets were milked either once (ODM) or twice (TDM) daily and offered pasture and silage, either to appetite (H) or restricted to 50&O% of this level (L) for the last 5 weeks of the 93/94 season. Pretreatment, uninfected cows produced 8.45rto. 28 1 milk/ d(meanfS.E) withameansomaticcellcount (SCC)of37.lrt3. 3x103cells/ml). Milkyields weresignificantlyreduced(P<O.COl) by Lnutrition and by ODM. LogSCC was significantly increased (P<o.OS) by L nutrition, due to reduced milk volumes but was not affected by ODM. Concentration of the serum-derived proteins, immunoglobulin G and bovine serum albumin, increased significantly for L nutrition and ODM. This suggests that involution had been accelerated in these animals, whose average daily milk yield was below 5 l/d. In late lactation milking should be discontinued for cows with milk yields of less than 5 l/d as involution may be initiated below this yield.
Scrub typhus infection, not a benign disease: an experience from a tertiary care center in Northern India

Introduction Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is characterised by fever, rash, myalgia and diffuse lymphadenopathy. Most common complications are sepsis, shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), hepatitis, pre renal azotemia and multi organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Mortality rates range from 7–30% in untreated cases. Scrub typhus is endemic to a part of the world known as ‘the tsutsugamushi triangle’. River banks, grassy areas generally harbour scrub typhus infection; however, recently there has been an increase in prevalence of infection from dry regions like Haryana. Objective To assess the clinical spectrum and complications of scrub typhus infection at a tertiary care centre in North India. Material and methods An observational study was conducted on patients >14 years old with acute febrile illness >7 days duration, admitted indoor from emergency department, from July to November 2017. Suspected cases were tested for specific IgM antibodies against Orientia tsutsugamushi by ELISA. Results Among the 230 patients, screened for scrub typhus infection, 39 (16.95%) came out to be positive. Most common patient complaints were fever followed by cough and breathlessness, myalgia, nausea, vomiting and behavioral abnormality. 15% of patients required inotropic support initially and 48% had oxygen saturation of less than 90% at the time of presentation. Pleural effusion and crepitations were present in 41% of patients. Most common biochemical alterations were: abnormal liver function tests (95%), followed by thrombocytopenia, anemia, abnormal renal function tests, and hyponatremia. 12 patients (30.7%) were shifted to intensive care unit, 8 of which (20.5%) needed invasive mechanical ventilation and 4 patients (10.3%) underwent hemodialysis. Various complications were noted in 89.7% of cases, the most common being ARDS followed by sepsis, acute kidney injury (AKI) and meningitis. The mortality rate in this study was 18%. Conclusions This study emphasizes that scrub typhus infection is on a rampant resurgence and it is associated with significant complications. High degree of suspicion as well as development of effective measures to treat, control and prevent is critical to lower the disease burden.
Definitive surgical treatment for diabetic forefoot ulcer

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are common among 15% of the diabetic population, at one stage of life that may progress to minor or major amputation, because of not healing with all modalities of the treatment. Since recurrent rate is >90%. But the surgical treatment of the forefoot ulcer so-called surgery offloading will heal the ulcer within a short time and prevent minor of major amputation. The purpose of this study was to compare different outcome measures in the audit of the management of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: Totally 20 diabetic patients were included in the study. The study was conducted in the department of plastic surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital, from 2016-2018. Followed 20 patients with a surgical procedure called surgical offloading is by removing pressure element in head and neck of metatarsal bone involved.Results: Among the 20 patients wound healed, in about 12 patients within 4 to 5 week and its remaining 5 patients wound healed in 5 to 6 weeks are in other 2 patients it takes. More than 6 weeks to heal. We followed the patients for the past 1 year, out of 20 patients, 2 patients have developed an ulcer in another site, not the same site. In all other patients wound healed completely without any recurrence.Conclusions: In our study reducing the foot pressure by doing an excision of head and neck metatarsal surgically will completely remove the foot pressure over the ulcer site that helps to heal the ulcer without recurrence.
Evaluating different recruitment methods in a longitudinal survey: Findings from the pan-European PASTA project (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Sufficient sample size and minimal sample bias are core requirements in empirical data analyses. Combining opportunistic recruitment with an online survey and data collection platform yields new benefits compared to traditional recruitment approaches. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to report on the success of different recruitment methods to obtain participants’ characteristics, participation behavior, recruitment rates, and representativeness of the sample. METHODS A longitudinal online survey was implemented as part of the European PASTA project, which was online between November 2014 and December 2016. During this period participants in seven European cities were recruited on a rolling basis. For all cities to reach a sufficient number of adult participants a standardized guide on recruitment strategy was developed. In order to make use of the strengths and to minimize weakness a combination of different opportunistic recruitment methods was applied. In addition, the city of Oerebro applied random sampling approach. In order to reduce attrition rate and improve real-time monitoring the online platform featured a participant and a researchers` user interface and dashboard. RESULTS A total of 10,691 participants were recruited. Most people found out about the survey through their workplace or employer (21.5 %), outreach promotion (20.8 %), and social media (17.4 %). The average number of questionnaires filled-in per participant varied between the cities, with the highest number in Zurich (11.0 ± 0.33) and the lowest in Oerebro (4.8 ± 0.17). Collaboration with local organizations, the use of Facebook and mailing lists, and direct street recruitment were the most effective approaches in reaching a high share of participants (p = <.001). Under consideration of invested working hours Facebook (p = <.001) was one of the most time-efficient methods. Compared to the cities census data, the composition of study participants was broadly representative in terms of gender distribution, however included younger and better educated participants. CONCLUSIONS We observed that offering a mixed recruitment approach was very effective in achieving a high participation rate. The highest attrition rate and the lowest average number of questionnaires filled-in per participant were observed in Oerebro, who also recruited participants through random sampling. The findings suggest that people that are more interested in the topic are more willing to participate and to stay in a survey than those who are selected randomly and may not have a strong connection to the research topic. Whereas direct face-to-face contacts were very effective with respect to the number of recruited participants; recruiting people through social media was not only effective, but also very time-efficient. The collected data is based on one of the largest recruited longitudinal samples with a common recruitment strategy in different European cities.
USING STATISTICAL METHOD TO REVEAL BIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF HUMAN DISEASE: STUDY OF GLIOBLASTOMA BY USING COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION (CGH) METHOD

Title of Document: USING STATISTICAL METHOD TO REVEAL BIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF HUMAN DISEASE: STUDY OF GLIOBLASTOMA BY USING COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION (CGH) METHOD Yonghong Wang, MS, 2010 Directed By: Dr. Paul Smith, Mathematics Department Glioblastoma is a WHO grade IV tumor with high mortality rate. In order to identify the underlying biological causation of this disease, a comparative genomic hybridization dataset generated from 170 patients’ tumor samples was analyzed. Of many available segmentation algorithms, I focused mainly on two most acceptable methods: Homogeneous Hidden Markov Models (HHMM) and Circular Binary Segmentation (CBS). Simulations show that CBS tends to give better segmentation result with low false discovery rate. HHMM failed to identify many obvious breakpoints that CBS identified. On the other hand, HHMM succeeds in identifying many single probe aberrations. Applying other statistical algorithms revealed distinct biological fingerprints of Glioblastoma disease, which includes many signature genes and biological pathways. Survival analysis also reveals that several segments actually correlate to the extended survival time of some patients. In summary, this work shows the importance of statistical model or algorithms in the modern genomic research. USING STATISTICAL METHOD TO REVEAL BIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF HUMAN DISEASES: STUDY OF GLIOBLASTOMA BY USING COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION (CGH) METHOD
Sirtuins and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world leading causes of death. It has been recently related to aging and inflammation, as well as sirtuins are actually recognized to be involved in both these phenomena. Sirtuins are a family of highly conserved protein deacetylases and they influence the factors that worsen physiological aging such as glucose metabolism, DNA stability and cancer, neurodegenerative processes, etc. Among the seven sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT6 have been deeply investigated in COPD. Actually researchers hypothesize that SIRT 1 activators could play a fundamental role in counteract COPD. Natural compounds as Resveratrol are actually retained SIRT1 activators and could be indicated as powerful weapons against this complex disease.
Prevalence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its antimicrobial resistance profile in hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital setup

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections. Carbapenems are widely used for the treatment of this microorganism, but nowadays, increasing number of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates are increasing which further lead to treatment failure due to associated multidrug resistance. AIM: The present study was done to determine the prevalence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (bla NDM-1) in P. aeruginosa in hospitalized patients in a tertiary care setup. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The study was conducted in the department of microbiology with the tertiary care hospital settings. It was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted from June 2014 to December 2014. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method for screening of the isolates. P. aeruginosa isolates with the zone diameter of carbapenems ≤18 mm were considered as carbapenemase producers. Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) detection was done using imipenem- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid double-disc synergy test. NDM-1 gene in P. aeruginosa was identified using conventional polymerase chain reaction. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square test was used to analyze the data and P < 0.01 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Out of 460 P. aeruginosa, 74 (16.08%) isolates were CRPA. A total of 61 (13.2%) MBL-producing P. aeruginosa were isolated, and bla NDM-1 gene was detected in 18 (3.91%) P. aeruginosa isolates. CONCLUSION: The study showed increasing multidrug resistance among CRPA compared to carbapenem-sensitive P. aeruginosa. It also determined increasing prevalence of bla NDM-1 in P. aeruginosa isolates. It is emphasized to timely identify these pathogens and treat with proper antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of rural Mangalore, India

Background: Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide and India has fourth highest number of malaria cases and deaths in the world. Prevention of the disease through better knowledge and awareness is the appropriate way to keep the disease away and remain healthy. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of Mangalore.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among residents in Mangalore. The data was collected by using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire which include socio-demographic data, basic knowledge about malaria, transmission and preventive measures and health seeking behaviour regarding malaria through interview method.Results: Almost 98.4% respondents heard of malaria disease and 96% respondents had knowledge that malaria is caused by mosquito bite. Even, majority (72%) of respondents knew that malaria can be fatal. Regarding the symptoms of malaria, 52.4% respondents mentioned fever with chills and 11.6% respondents don’t know about malarial symptoms.Conclusions: Majority of the respondents were familiar with the malaria symptoms, mode of transmission and vector control measures. They had good knowledge of malaria disease and good practices of malaria control measures.
Distribution of flower pigments in perianth of Cattleya and allied genera, 1: Species

Distribution patterns of flower pigments and the shape of epidermal cells in perianth tissues in 11 genera of Laeliinae orchids were investigated in relation to flower colors. 1. The 68 species examined were classified into nine groups on the basis of differences in distribution patterns of the carotenoids and anthocyanins contained in epidermal and/or parenchymatous cells in petal tissues. Yellow and orange flowers in such species as Laelia harpophylla and L. cinnabarina contained carotenoids in flava both epidermal and parenchymatous ce ls but t ose f Cattleya dowi na and La contained them only in parenchymatous cells. Red flowers were ascribed to the coexistence of carotenoids and anthocyanins. In Sophronitis coccinea and L. milleri carotenoids were contained in both the epidermal and parenchymatous cells but anthocyanins only in the epidermis, while L. tenebrosa contained anthocyanins only in the parenchymatous cells. Purple flowers were classified into three groups according to the presence or absence of anthocyanins in the epidermal and parenchymatous cells. The purplish red flowers of most Cattleya species contained anthocyanins in the parenchymatous cells. Some exceptional Cattleyas, C. intermedia var. aquinii and C. leopoldii, contained anthocyanins in the epidermis of splashed or spotted petals. Laelia species blooming in deep purple flowers contained anthocyanins in the epidermis but those of pale flowers did not. 2. A Hunter's diagram of the color chromaticity of petals was divided into three sections according to hue : in the first, the b/a value of yellow to orange petals was more than . 47, due to carotenoid pigmentation only ; in the second, the value lay between . 47 and -. 13 and the flowers were red due to both carotonoid and anthocyanin pigments with one exception (S. coccinea var. rosea) ; in the third, with values between -. 13 and -1.0, purplish-red, so-called `orchid tone', prevailed. In petals containing carotenoids, increased chromas corresponded to greater brightness, but increased chromas caused by intensive anthocyanin coloration in petals and lips corresponded to less brightness, as exemplified in the velvety texture of the lips in Cattleyas. 3. The size and shape of the upper epidermal cells in petals and lips varied by species, but within the same genus the variations were serial ; small cells were square and appeared in glossy flowers, while large ones were triangular and caused the velvety appearance. The augmented size and the change from square to triangular shape might manifest the direction of evolution. Plants with large showy flowers in such species as C. labiata, L. purpurata and Brassavola digbyana had the largest and longest epidermal cells in each genus.
Elderly Patients’ Perception of Pain Management after Open and Reduction Internal Fixation Surgery

Little is known about pain and pain management in older adults who experience open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgery. This qualitative descriptive phenomenological study explored two research questions: (a) What are the perceptions of pain and pain management in patients between 65 and 75 years of age, 48 hours after ORIF surgery in a community hospital? (b) What are the perceptions of adaptation after ORIF? A pilot study included four patients in two units of a Southern California hospital, followed by open ended, semi-structured interviews with 10 participants. Four themes emerged: (a) elderly patients experience different patterns of pain and coping mechanisms; (b) elderly patients experience pain after gaining consciousness from ORIF surgery; (c) effective pain management requires patients’ empowerment and opportunity to participate in pain management decisions; (d) elderly patients perceive adaptation as a process of change and acceptance. Multimodal pain management strategies, including regional opioids and systemic anti-inflammatories, could reduce post-operative, generalized bio-physiological stress experienced by elderly patients.
Effectiveness of the intervention program for dengue hemorrhagic fever prevention among rural communities in Thailand

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention program for dengue fever prevention among people in rural communities. Design/methodology/approach A quasi-experimental study was designed for two groups. The intervention group received five weeks of dengue hemorrhagic prevention program consisted of knowledge broadcast, campaign, model house contest and group education. The control group received only the usual care of health promoting hospitals. The primary expected outcomes were changes in knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers and preventive action from baseline data, post-intervention and three-month follow-up, along with a comparison between the two groups. The secondary expected outcomes were changes in house index (HI) from baseline to post-intervention and three-month follow-up, along with a comparison between the two groups. Findings From the total of 64 participants, 32 were randomly assigned to the control group and 32 were randomly assigned to the intervention group. There were significant differences in knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, preventive action and HI in the intervention group after received the five-week intervention program and at three-month follow-up (p<0.05). Originality/value Dengue hemorrhagic prevention program based on the Health Belief Model was effective in lowering HI and improving knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers and preventive action among people in rural communities. The intervention program may be beneficial in primary care in such a rural community.
Miscellaneous notes on Pleurotus

The paper takes up four points: 1) A previously unnamed intersterility group in Pleurotus (ISG XIII) has been identified as P. albidus, which fruits from Central America to central Argentina. The species is genetically isolated and phylogenetically it is placed in the ‘P. ostreatus’ group of monomitic Pleurotus basidiomata. 2) The distributional range of P. abieticola is extended to far northwestern Russia and northern China. 3) A partial nomenclator is furnished for P. djamor 4) The use of the term ‘dimitic’ is discussed as it pertains to Pleurotus.
A case report of Pigeon Pox-Histopathologic Diagnosis

Avian pox is a well known disease in chickens, turkeys, pigeons, and canaries, and it has been identified in more than 60 wild bird species (Tripathy, 1991). Avian pox is a transmissible disease that is spread by several kinds of vectors: biting arthropods such as mosquitoes and mites, and aerosols generated from infected birds, or the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The disease has two forms: cutaneous and diphtheritic. Pigeon pox is a slowly developing disease resulting in morbidity and mortality among all age groups and sexes. The disease may be complicated with parasitism or poor condition of the flock. A case of cutaneous form of pigeon pox is presented.
Seleksi dan Formulasi Konsorsium Bakteri untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia oryzae) pada Tanaman Padi

EKO RIANA. Selection and Formulation of Bacterial Consortia to Control Blast Disease (Pyricularia oryzae) in Rice Plants. Supervised by NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK and YADI SURYADI. Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae, could reduce rice production which grown on dry-land or wet-land. The use of antagonistic bacteria as biocontrol agent was an environmentally friendly method. This study was aimed to explore the consortia of bacteria that could control blast disease in rice plants. Isolates Bacillus firmus E65, Serratia marcescens E31, Pseudomonas aeruginosa C32b, Bacillus cereus II.14 and their isolates combination were used in compability antagonistic test againts P. oryzae. Among of eight treatments, A2 treatment (E65) and A6 treatment (E65, II.14, and C32b) showed good inhibition against P. oryzae i.e. 73-85% and 66-83%, respectively. Formulation used on the best treatments were further developed for their formulation with talk, bentonite, oil, and nutrient broth suspension as carrier. The result of in vivo application showed that suspension formulation showed good effectivity to blast inhibition.