Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Run-Off-Road Accidents by Association Rule Mining and Geographic Information System Techniques on Imbalanced Datasets

Run-off-road (ROR) accidents cause a large proportion of fatalities on roads. Exploring key factors is an effective method to reduce fatalities and improve safety sustainability. However, some limitations exist in current studies: (1) Datasets of ROR accidents have imbalance problems, in which the samples of fatal accidents (FA) are much less than non-fatal accidents (NFA). Data mining methods on such imbalanced datasets make the results biased. (2) Few studies conducted spatial analysis of ROR accidents in visualization. Therefore, this study proposes an association rule mining (ARM)-based framework to analyze ROR accidents on imbalanced datasets. A novel method is proposed to address the imbalance problem and ARM is applied to analyze accident severity. Geographic information system (GIS) is adopted for spatial analysis of ROR accidents. The proposed framework is applied to ROR accidents in Victoria, Australia. Six FA factors and seven NFA factors are identified from two-item rules. The results of three-item rules indicate factors acting interactively increase the likelihood of FA or NFA. Hot spots of ROR accidents are presented by GIS maps. Effective measures are accordingly proposed to improve road safety. Compared with traditional data-balancing methods, the proposed framework has been validated to provide more robust and reliable results on imbalanced datasets.
‘And school won’t teach me that!’ Urban youth activism programs as transformative sites for critical adolescent learning

ABSTRACT To challenge deficit discourses and victim narratives of youth marginalized due to their race, gender, class, age, and/or sexuality, child and youth service providers can build on young people’s agency by implementing creative, radical, and social-justice-oriented services. Youth activism programs offer such opportunities by supporting young people in understanding and working toward dismantling the marginalization they face. These programs can also offer supplemental learning opportunities usually missing from schools, stimulate positive identity development, foster youth civic agency, and motivate young people to agitate for social change. However, while many studies have described what youth do in activism sites, what youth learn from activist engagement is less evident in the literature. In this study, we analyzed focus group data from adolescents participating in six adult-supported youth activism community programs, in an urban United States context (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), to investigate what youth learned as they developed critical consciousness, or the skills required to analyze and then act on oppressive social phenomena. Rooted in a Social Justice Youth Development framework, findings suggest that through their participation, young activists developed increased self-, social-, and global-awareness, while also learning additional important skills (e.g. technical skills, interpersonal skills, and the benefits of creating a network).
Investigation of decision making support in digital trading

In order to trade successfully investors are looking for the best method to determine possible directions of the price changes of financial means. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the results of digital trading using different decision-making techniques. The paper examines deep learning technique known as Long Short – Term Memory (LSTM) neural network and parabolic stop and reverse (SAR) technical indicator as possible means for decision-making support. Based on an investigation of theoretical and practical aspects of digital trading and its support possibilities, investment portfolios in real-time “IQ Option” digital trading platform were created. Short-term results show that investment portfolios created using LSTM neural network performed better compared to the ones that were created using technical analysis. The study contributes to the development of new decision-making algorithms that can be used for forecasting of the results in the financial markets.
Assessment of knowledge, behavior and attitude toward using antibiotics among non-medical students of University of Fallujah- Iraq.

المقدمة: المضادات الحيوية هي الأدوية المستخدمة لعلاج الالتهابات البكتيرية ، تحدث مقاومة المضادات الحيوية عندما تغير البكتيريا استجابتها لاستخدام هذه الأدوية ، ، يحتاج العالم بشكل عاجل إلى تغيير الطريقة التي يتم فيها وصف واستخدام المضادات الحيوية. الهدف: تقييم المعرفة والموقف والسلوك تجاه المضادات الحيوية بين طلاب غير الطب غير بجامعة الفلوجة. الطريقة: أجريت دراسة مقطعية خلال الفترة من يناير إلى مارس 2019. تم استخدام استبيان ذاتي الملء يتكون من 25 سؤال مقسمة إلى أربعة أجزاء. الجزء الأول عبارة عن الأسئلة الديموغرافية. الجزء الثاني يهدف إلى تقييم معرفة المشاركين. الجزء الثالث لتقييم موقف المشاركين. بينما الرابع لتقييم السلوك تجاه استخدام المضادات الحيوية. كانت العينة هي طلاب غير الطب بجامعة الفلوجة. النتائج: تمثل الإناث 54.8٪ من العينة ، تتراوح أعمار الأشخاص بين 19 عاما و 24 عاما. حوالي ثلثي 64.1 ٪ يعتقدون أن المضادات الحيوية تعمل على معظم السعال ونزلات البرد. صرح 61.3٪ من المشاركين بأنه "سوف أتناول المضادات الحيوية بدون وصفة طبية من قبل الطبيب" ، بينما يفضل 55.6٪ من المشاركين تناول المضادات الحيوية مع الشاي ، بينما قال 39.1٪ فقط أنهم تناولوا المضادات الحيوية بالماء. الخلاصة: ضعف المعرفة لدى الطلاب تجاه استخدام المضادات الحيوية. قد تكون هناك حاجة لبرامج التثقيف الصحي بين طلاب الجامعة لتحسين المعرفة العامة والمواقف العامة تجاه المضادات الحيوية.
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Behaviour Matrix: Mapping ERM Implementations of Non-Financial Public Listed Companies in Malaysia

This study investigates ERM implementation of non-financial public listed companies (PLCs) in Malaysia against company size and leverage. The ERM implementation is proxy by ERM Score. The ERM Score is based on COSO ERM Framework. Company size and leverage is proxy by total revenues and liabilities/equities. The objective is to observe changes in ERM implementation in response to changes in company size and leverage. This study develops a 3 by 3 matrix named ERM Behaviour Matrix to understand the changes. The behaviour matrix captures changes in ERM implementation by mapping the ERM Score against company size and leverage. The ERM implementation behaviour is defined as changes in ERM implementation driven by two stimuli, company size, and leverage. Data are collected from annual reports 2016-2017. The study samples are 44 non-financial PLCs of high-risk sectors (energy, utilities, and telecommunications and media). The matrix shows positive ERM behaviours for company size. ERM scores increases as firm size increases, and decreases as firm size decreases. The matrix shows mixed ERM behaviours for leverage. A number of companies’ shows status-quo behaviour i.e. as leverage increases, ERM Score remain constant. In contrast, several companies’ shows negative behaviour, i.e. as leverage increases, ERM Score decreases. The matrix is an alternative approach to understand ERM implementation. It is a simple and easy to use behaviour tool mapping ERM implementation against firm size and firm advantage. It can be use in practice to monitor ERM implementation by companies. Results of this study contribute to enhance understanding on ERM implementation by public limited companies (PLCs) in Malaysia.
Disentangling the Impact of Civil Association Membership on Political Participation: Evidence from Swedish Panel Data

Abstract What is the effect of membership in civil associations on political participation? Membership has been linked to providing social capital and personal networks, which in turn help citizens more easily navigate politics. Yet this link is empirically complex, since politically interested individuals self-select into networks and associations. This research note addresses the impact of membership on different forms of political participation using a panel survey from Sweden that distinguishes between passive and active membership in various types of associations. The baseline results reaffirm a strong association between membership and political participation. The survey's panel dimension is exploited to reveal that earlier scholarship has likely overstated the robustness of membership's participatory effects. Rather, the remaining impact of association membership in the panel specification is mainly driven by types of associations for which the highest degree of selection behaviour is expected.
Research Self-Efficacy of Cambodian Undergraduate Students at Province-Based Universities

Self-efficacy is crucial for producing challenging research results, which in turn may lead to innovations and development that can accelerate a country's economy. Undergraduate research self-efficacy in Cambodia has been of particular interest because graduates form the future pipeline of research professionals, which is important for Cambodia since its economy is still at a developing stage. While several studies have been conducted on undergraduate research self-efficacy in Cambodia, most of the participants were from capital city-based universities. The research self-efficacy of province-based university students, whose numbers have increased in recent years, remains to be investigated. In this study, we address this gap by adapting the Research Self-Efficacy Survey by Phillips and Russell (1994) and administered it to 1,009 undergraduate students from different faculties at three public province-based universities in Cambodia in order to assess their research self-efficacy. Using independent t‑tests and ANOVA, the mean research self‑efficacy score was 2.13 (± .66) on a 5 point-scale and varies significantly with small effect size based upon gender, academic year, and working experience. There is a need to focus on interventions aimed at improving the research self-efficacy of the undergraduate students, which in turn will increase their ability to do research. These include measures such as curriculum reform, improving the quality of teaching, teacher training, creating new educational materials, and upgrading research facilities. These will allow more research activities that can give the students opportunities to do research and eventually increase their research self-efficacy which is likely to benefit Cambodian society in the provinces. Although the issues presented here may appear to be isolated to Cambodia, other developing nations should also consider these issues as they develop higher educational institutions in their provinces away from their capital city.
Diversity and distribution of antennal sensilla in Glossosomatidae in comparison with other basal families of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Structure and distribution of antennal sensilla in 15 species of Glossosomatidae were studied with SEM and compared to available data for species in the families Philopotamidae (16 species previously studied) and Rhyacophilidae (25 species previously studied). Comparative analyses led to 8 different sensillar types being identified among the glossosomatids: long trichoid, curved trichoid, chaetoid, styloconic, coeloconic, mushroom-like pseudoplacoid, coronary, and Böhm’s bristles. Diversity of sensilla in Glossosomatidae is lower than reported for Rhyacophilidae and comparable to Philopotamidae. A coeloconic sensillum, unique to Glossosomatidae was identified but shows no species specificity. Distribution of most sensillum types resembles that seen in the other families: There are 2 tiers of sensilla and 4 types of distribution patterns, namely specific, non-specific, fixed, and grouped in sensory fields. Comparisons of Glossosomatidae with other Trichoptera families and data on lower Lepidoptera groups indicate a putative ground plan for antennal sensory structures among Amphiesmenoptera. In contrast, comparative data indicate a significant difference between Amphiesmenoptera and Mecoptera, a member of the sister group to Amphiesmenoptera.
Social Responsibility, Communication and Financial Data of Hospitals: A Structural Modelling Approach in a Sustainability Scope

Health is one of the fundamental pillars of public management and should be one of the main objectives of any society that pursues true progress and well-being for its citizens. In recent years, the public health system has been seeking collaborative synergies with the private health system to achieve efficient functioning at the levels of care demand, waiting lists and financial pressure. For this reason, private entities in the hospital field must be analysed through the application of information systems comprised of financial and non-financial indicators. In this organizational context, economic and financial data, communication, and social responsibility are essential to correctly manage the performance of hospital companies. Drawing on stakeholder and dynamic capabilities theories, we have defined a conceptual model that proposes that a greater predisposition to social responsibility actions by hospitals could explain communication practices and economic and financial results. Thus, the main objective of this study is to determine the possible relationship between three important aspects in the management of hospital companies: social responsibility, communication, and economic and financial results. Partial least square technique was applied to estimate a structural equation model to analyse a sample of 122 hospitals operating in Spain. This paper also analyses how communication mediates the relationship between social responsibility and economic and financial results. The main results empirically validate a model that links and predicts the social responsibility actions undertaken by these companies, which are directly related to the business communication that is carried out and the economic and financial results. Related to the implications, managers could adopt strategies once they know that they will contribute to improve their relationships with stakeholders and shareholders.
Prognostic Markers and Detection Approaches of Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide. Numerous treatments of BC are available, but it is noteworthy that BC patients have heterogeneous responses to these treatments. Therefore, the prognostic markers, which are associated with clinical outcomes, are vital for formulating BC treatment plan. This review provides an overview of prognostic markers and their importance in early diagnosis and recurrence of BC. Apart from that, this review discusses the application of prognostic markers and their related population studies. A deeper understanding of these prognostic markers and their prognostic value would aid in designing treatment strategies, predicting response to treatment, and managing the clinical care for BC in future.
How Credibility Endorser Strengthen Brand Equity: Case Study in Shoppe Consumers

The background of this study is the difference in research results, wherein the research conducted by Dewi (2017) where endorser credibility does not affect brand equity. While Spry (2011) and Sondakh (2015) endorser credibility have a significant effect on brand equity. This study aims to analyze the effect of endorser credibility on brand equity. The research sample is Post Millennial Shopee consumers with 100 respondents. The sampling technique uses probability sampling. Data processing and hypothesis testing using path analysis. The results showed that Endorser credibility affected brand credibility. Endorser credibility affects brand. Brand credibility affects brand equity, and Brand credibility mediates endorser credibility towards Brand equity.
POLYPLOIDY INDUCED BY COLCHICINE IN Robinia pseudoacacia L. AND IT'S EFFECTS ON MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL SEEDLING TRAITS

This study was aimed to induce and produce a polyploidy Robinia pseudoacacia seedling by different concentrations of colchicine (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) in various exposure times (12, 24 and 48 h), using in two experiments. In the first, were applied to the seeds by immersing method. In the second, were applied to shoot apical meristems by dropping method. The results showed significant effects of different interactions between colchicine concentration and exposure period on the seed germination, seedling survival rate and seedling characters. By increasing of the colchicine concentration the seed germination and seedling survival rate decreased significantly in colchicine concentrations (0.15 and 0.2%). Frequency of stomata decreased and on the opposite the stomata length and width increased with increases the colchicine concentrations. Polyploidy seedlings show vegetative growth superiority yield compared to diploids seedlings, leaf area in treated plants was larger and with deep green pigmentation as compared to the control seedlings. Seed treatment method was found to be more efficient than shoot apical meristems treatment method in producing tetraploid and mixoploid plants, colchicine solutions at 0.1% and 1.5% in 24 h. and 48 h. was found most effectively produced polyploidy and inducing variation in both investigations.
Clinical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Pistacia atlantica Nut Extract on Septic Arthritis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus: An Experimental Study

Background: Today, the incidence of septic arthritis by Staphylococcus aureus has increased due to intra-articular injections, prosthetic joints, and underlying conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and immunosuppression. Pistacia atlantica has significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. Objectives: Considering S. aureus as the most important etiology of septic arthritis, this experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of P. atlantica on septic arthritis. Methods: Septic arthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of S. aureus suspension in left stifles of rats, which were divided randomly into eight groups, containing ten per group, including normal: no intervention; control: septic arthritis was induced but not treated; Oral Placebo (OP): 14 days daily P.O. ; Local Injected Placebo (LIP): a single dose intra-articular (IA injection) of normal saline; Oral P. atlantica (OPa): 14 days daily P.O. P. atlantica extract; Local Injected P.atlantica (LIPa): a single-dose IA injection of P. atlantica extract; Prophylactic Oral P. atlantica (ProOPa): prophylactic P.O. P. atlantica extract daily one week before the induction for 21 days; Prophylactic Local Injected P. atlantica (ProLIPa): a prophylactic single-dose IA injection of P. atlantica extract one week before the induction. For further evaluations, blood and histopathological samples were obtained. Results: Pistacia atlantica oral medication reduced the physical symptoms of inflammation. Although hematological analysis showed a fall in the control group compared to the normal group, all medicated groups increased. The OPa group showed the closest WBC count (9.46 ± 4.12 × 109/L) to the normal group (P = 0.073). All histopathological parameters had significantly higher scores in the control group compared to the normal group. Although the scores increased in the groups that received P. atlantica, they decreased in the groups that received placebo, except for synovitis degree. The OPa group demonstrated a lower degree of synovitis (1.40 ± 0.51) than the control group; however, it was not significant (P = 0.690). Local injections revealed higher erosion scores (2.80 ± 0.63 for the LIPa group and 2.70 ± 0.48 for the ProLIPa group) than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral administration of P. atlantica alleviated the clinical symptoms. Cellular immunity activation and systemic benefits of oral P. atlantica were assessed. Histopathology confirmed the immune system involvement and antibacterial activity of P. atlantica. More erosion may be due to more bacterial debris with arthritogenic properties. Meanwhile, the probability of the stimulatory effect of P. atlantica extract for synovial content should not be ignored.
The role of mutation bias in adaptive molecular evolution: insights from convergent changes in protein function

An underexplored question in evolutionary genetics concerns the extent to which mutational bias in the production of genetic variation influences outcomes and pathways of adaptive molecular evolution. In the genomes of at least some vertebrate taxa, an important form of mutation bias involves changes at CpG dinucleotides: If the DNA nucleotide cytosine (C) is immediately 5’ to guanine (G) on the same coding strand, then – depending on methylation status – point mutations at both sites occur at an elevated rate relative to mutations at non-CpG sites. Here we examine experimental data from case studies in which it has been possible to identify the causative substitutions that are responsible for adaptive changes in the functional properties of vertebrate hemoglobin (Hb). Specifically, we examine the molecular basis of convergent increases in Hb-O2 affinity in high-altitude birds. Using a data set of experimentally verified, affinity-enhancing mutations in the Hbs of highland avian taxa, we tested whether causative changes are enriched for mutations at CpG dinucleotides relative to the frequency of CpG mutations among all possible missense mutations. The tests revealed that a disproportionate number of causative amino acid replacements were attributable to CpG mutations, suggesting that mutation bias can influence outcomes of molecular adaptation.
Effect of Sowing Dates and Foliar Spray of Urea on Yield Attributes and Yield of Maize Cultivars

Maize or corn (Zea mays) is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated globally. Maize is also known as „Queen‟ of cereals because it has the highest genetic yield potential among the cereals. Maize occupies an important place in India due to its high potential for yield and greater demand for food, feed and industrial utilization. In India maize is grown over an area of 9.4 million hectares with the production of 24.4 million tonnes in year 2013-14 and ranks as the third in food grain production (Economic Survey, 2015). Average productivity of maize in India is 2676 kg ha -1 and share of maize in total kharif food grain production is 16.62 per cent.
CSR Activities and Their Impact on Brand Value in Food Enterprises in Slovakia Based on Foreign Participation

This paper highlights the activity of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its impact on brand value in food enterprises with and without foreign participation in Slovakia. Attention has been paid to all three pillars—People, Planet, Profit—and their communication in relation to customers, business partners, employees, local communities, environmental protection, and company values. The paper evaluates the impact of these activities on brand value in food enterprises in Slovakia. One hundred and twenty-five food enterprises were included in the research. The paper offers eight statistically tested hypotheses, of which three have been fully confirmed. Almost 86% of food companies with foreign participation apply CSR activities, while companies without foreign participation comprise only 40% of the total share. The biggest differences in the perception of the importance of CSR activities are noticeable in foundations and charitable activities, and in sponsorship and donations, but are less noticeable in terms of ecology, corporate transparency, and cooperation with non-profit organizations. In the field of environmental protection, CSR activities are communicated and used in order to build brand value, mostly in food enterprises with foreign participation. Almost 96% of food enterprises with foreign participation that apply and communicate CSR activities see an increase in their brand value.