Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of UV protectants for wettable powder formulation of native Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) isolate against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in the Laboratory

Radiation severely inactivates the potency of Bacillus thuringiensis spores and crystals present in sprayed formulations leading to decreased efficacy in field. Incorporation of UV protectants to biopesticides is one of the methods to protect against radiation damage. Keeping this as objective, a native isolate BGC-1 was selected for preparation and evaluation of wettable powder formulation against second instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera. Median lethal concentration of the BGC-1 was 1.05 g/l and assigned biopotency value was 15428.57 ITU/g. UV protectants viz. , melanin, para-amino benzoic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and Congo red were evaluated by exposing formulated solution to sunlight at different intervals of time. Among four UV protectants, melanin showed an excellent UV protecting ability with the mortality of 86.67 per cent and, 116.49 μg/ml of crude protein at 5 h sunlight exposure with temperature of 43.6°C and light intensity of 4.93×10 5 lux followed by 80.00 per cent mortality, 1.74×10 8 CFU/ml and 109.40 μg/ml of crude protein in para-amino benzoic acid UV protectant. Next best UV protectant was congo red with the mortality of 73.33 per cent and, 90.76 μg/ml of crude protein and 1.26×10 8 CFU/ml. It is concluded that melanin was found to be an effective UV protectant for B. thuringiensis WP formulations against H. armigera .
The Influence of Promotional Tools on Consumer Buying Behavior: A Study Adapted from Pakistan to Philippine Context

The purpose of this research was to know if there is significant relationship between promotion tools (buy one get one free, coupons and physical surroundings) and consumer behavior. A total of 337 students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines under the college of Business Administration participated in this study. This sample was taken by the use of probability sampling specifically, simple random sampling. Data are analyzed through the use of regression as statistical treatment. Results implied that buy one get one free and physical surrounding have significant relationship with consumer buying behavior. However, coupons seemed to have no significant relationship with consumer behavior. With the help of this result, retailers or businesses near the school can formulate an effective business plan and strategy when it comes to choosing the most appealing tool of promotion. Knowledge of this result will help them allot their money in a promotion tool that consumers are attracted to. By that they will be able to maximize their profit. Further studies that are qualitative in nature and scope that is not limited to students are recommended to have deeper understanding between consumer behavior and promotional tools.
Enhancement of antimicrobial and antitumor activities of zinc nanoparticles biosynthesized by Penicillium chrysogenum AUMC 10608 using gamma radiation

An eco-friendly protocol for the biosynthesis of extracellular zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) by Penicillium chrysogenum was performed. The formation of ZnNPs was observed by the formation of white aggregates of ZnNPs and confirmed by UV absorption spectrum at 340nm. The synthesized ZnNPs were also characterized by High resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The optimum conditions were pH 10, 72h of reaction between culture filtrate (CF) and 1mM (ZnSO4) solution with (6:1) ratio. Exposure of ZnNPs to gamma radiation showed an increase in the absorption band intensities when compared to the non irradiated sample. Samples of ZnNPs exposed to 20kGy dose recorded the greatest antimicrobial effect. The study of its antitumor activity against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116) was performed. The IC50 values of (MCF-7) were 373μg/ml and >500μg/ml, while of (HCT-116) were 226 and 317μg/ml for irradiatedand non irradiated samples, respectively. TEM and DLS showed the formation of spherical monodispersed ZnNPs from 9 to 17nm with a mean of 13nm for the irradiated sample exposed to 20kGy. The current research provided an insight on using ɤ-radiation as a highly efficient and inexpensive tool for the enhancement of antimicrobial and antitumor effects of nanoparticles against infectious and tumor diseases.
Incivility of passive immunity

Survival of the fetus and newborn is not possible without vital immune components. The immune repertoire includes a cadre of innate factors sheltered in the intrauterine domicile as well as maternally-sourced humoral elements. The latter, known as passive immunity, refer to maternal antibodies that mediate vigilant immune surveillance during gestation and for a few months after birth. While immunologically beneficial, their therapeutic luster is tarnished somewhat by a number of antibody-associated abnormalities that have been reported in offsprings. And though basic science tenets of the antibody transfer process are well accepted, the immuno-biochemical mechanisms related to the therapeutic and pathogenic effects remain incompletely understood. This opinion-based paper provides reasoned insight regarding the bi-functionality of immunoglobulins by focusing on maternal benefit, and potential in utero detriment, of a recombinant monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of one breast cancer subtype. If valid, this concept may be applicable to other engineered antibodies.
Mapping Some Seed Quality Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Association Mapping Using SSR Markers

Introduction: Quality characteristics including grain protein content, gluten, falling number, and SDS sedimentation volume are important contributors to the grain yield and quality of the wheat. To identify the markers associated with such traits, this study run in two separated experiments: under-field and in laboratory. Materials and Methods: One hundred wheat genotypes were evaluated in an alpha lattice design with two replications. Association mapping using Structure and Tassel software was carried out using 102 SSR markers: 66 unlinked and 36 quantitative trait loci (QTL)-linked SSR markers. Correction for population structure was performed using genome-wide SSR markers so that genotypes were divided into six subpopulations. Results: Thoroughly, 34 SSR markers linked with the above-mentioned traits were identified, twelve of them being QTL-linked markers. These markers were already mapped on the wheat chromosomes in previous studies containing known QTLs controlling kernel traits of the wheat. Our results confirmed 5, 3, 2, and 2 QTLs respectively for the grain protein, gluten, falling number, and SDS sedimentation volume which were previously tagged on the wheat chromosomes. Additionally, 3 QTLs were identified for the grain protein on the chromosomes 2A, 5A, 5D, and 7B. Whereas, 6 QTLs for gluten were detected on chromosomes 1A, 2D, 5A, 5B, 6B, and 7B; four QTLs were located on the chromosomes 2D, 5A, 5B, 5D, and 7D for falling number; and finally nine QTLs were found for SDS sedimentation volume on the chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4B, 6A, 6B, 7A, and 7B. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that association mapping is a useful method for detecting and complementing QTL information; thus, this information can be used for further wheat improvement based on a molecular marker.
Role of selection indices in ascertaining high yielding drought stress tolerant Chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.)

Drought is one of the major causes of limited crop production. The present study investigated the influence of drought stress on seed yield characteristics in twenty (10 Desi and 10 Kabuli) chickpea genotypes. RCB design with three replicates was used to carry out a field experiment with two humidity regimes (stressed and non-stressed). Significant differences were observed among genotypes for potential yield (YP) and stressed yield (YS) as well as for eight selection indices. There was significant and positive correlation of potential yield (YP) and stressed yield (YS) with MP, HM, GMP, and STI under both the environments, whilst yield showed significant negative correlation with TOL under rainfed condition and significant positive correlation with TOL under irrigated condition. The STI, K1STI, MP, GMP and PI indices exhibited strong correlation with YP, while YI showed strong correlation with YS; therefore, YS can discriminate drought tolerant genotypes with high grain yield under stress conditions. Genotype NKC-5-S-20 and NKC- 5-S-17 showed highest TOL, STI and lowest YTI, Moreover they revealed greater yield under non-stress and stress conditions. So, these genotypes could be suggested for release as cultivars after multi location tests. The studied germplasm is highly variable and could be efficiently used in future chickpea breeding programs
Empirical correlations for the modeling of R-134a flow through adiabatic capillary tubes

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on capillary tubes commonly used as an expansion device in household refrigerators and freezers. The experiments were performed with the hydrofluorocarbon R-134a at different condensing pressures and levels of subcooling. The pressure and temperature profiles along the capillary tubes were measured in each test run. The data set was then used to evaluate the suitability of some equations previously reported in the literature for the single-phase friction factor, the underpressure of vaporization, and the entrance contraction loss factor. Correlations for the average and local two-phase friction factors were also developed based on the measured data.
Patient Safety Perception and Patient Participation among Hemato-oncology Patients

Purpose: This study was to investigate patient safety perception and patient participation, and to provide basic data for the development of patient participation education programs. Methods: The subjects of this study were 183 patients with at least one experience of the Hemato-oncology Department at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April 11, 2019 to May 7, 2019 using structured questionnaires including patient safety perception and patient participation. Results: The patient safety perception score was 4.23±0.48 out of 5. The patient participation score was 4.30±0.53 out of 5. Patient safety perception was significantly different according to age (p=.008), education (p=.045), employment status (p=.031), marital state (p=.037), medical department (p=.004), comorbidity (p=.046), and patient participation education (p=.010). Patient participation was significantly difference in age (p=.020), education (p=.004) and employment status (p=.005). The correlation between the patient safety perception and patient participation was statistically significant (r=.75, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the system for medical staff, patients and medical institutions in order to enable patients to communicate with medical staff in a satisfactory manner and participate in patient safety activities.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Corporate Performance of IT Companies: Evidence from Bursa Istanbul

This study aims to investigate the impact of intellectual capital (IC) on corporate performance of IT companies listed on Borsa Istanbul for the period of 2004-2015. Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) approach was applied to measure Intellectual Capital Efficiency (ICE). Corporate performance was calculated using traditional accounting tools involving; Market, Productivity, and Financial performance. The findings showed that human capital efficiency is the most effective factor in the issue of value creation than structural capital and capital employed for the study period before and after the crisis 2008. Structural capital efficiency does not play a considerable role in value creation before and after the crisis. While Capital employed efficiency was not considered as an engine to value creation before the crisis, but it played a key role of value creation after the crisis.
Maternal protectiveness is negatively associated with infant handling in wild Japanese macaques

Infant handling by a non-mother is common in many primate species. Despite the requirement of a triadic relationship among handler, mother, and infant, previous studies of infant handling have focused on characteristics of handler or interactions between mother and handler. In this study, we examined the influence of the mother–infant relationship (i.e., maternal style) on the frequency with which wild Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) infants were handled. We analysed behavioural data collected during 3 consecutive years and found that maternal style was characterised by three principal components: infant activity, rejection, and non-protectiveness. Infants who were less active and whose mothers were less protective received more frequent handling. These effects were particularly evident when handlers were thought to have less access to the infant. These complex interactions within the triadic relationship suggest that maternal style constrains the occurrence of infant handling in group-living primates.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH SOME PLANTS EXTRACTS AND DIFFERENT CALCIUM SOURCES ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUILTY OF STRAWBERRY FRUITS. I. VEGETATIVE GROWTH , PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY

ABSTRACT: Two pots experiments were conducted in Baramoon Res. Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons to study the effect of some exogenous plant extracts and different calcium sources on growth , productivity and fruit quality of strawberry. Three available plants extract namely, green tea, thyme and mushroom at 2 ml /l of each as well as chitosan at 1% and different calcium sources, i.e., calcium chloride (1 %), calcium citrate (2.5 ml/l) and calcium nitrate ( 0.5 ml /l) were evaluated plus control treatment ( spraying with tap water) . The obtained results could be summarized as follows: All treatments of plant extracts, chitosan and different calcium sources had significantly increased vegetative growth, yield and its components and fruits quality of strawberry than control treatment ( sprayed with tap water) in both seasons. Spraying strawberry plants with green tea extract at 2 ml / l gave the maximum values of all vegetative growth parameters, such as plant height, fresh weight/ plant, number of leaves per plant and leaf area, concentrations of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in leaf tissues, both number of runners, flowers and crown / plant, crown diameter/plant and total yield/ plant as well as average fruit weight, also the highest fruit quality , i.e., pectin, Vit. C , TSS, total sugars, reducing and nun reducing and lowest values of total acidity, followed by spraying with mushroom extract at 2 ml / l or calcium nitrate at 0.5 ml/l . The increases in total yield/ plant were about 78.94 and 68.48 % for spraying plants with green tea extract and 55.93 and 62.56 % for spraying plants with calcium nitrate over unsprayed plants (control treatment ) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. Conclusively, from the foregoing results of this study, it could be concluded that, under the same conditions , spraying strawberry plants with plants extracts such as green tea or mushroom extracts at 2 ml / l or calcium nitrate at 0.5 ml/l were the best treatments for increasing growth , yield and gave the best fruits quality .
Influence of feeding whole maize, differing in endosperm hardness, on the performance, nutrient utilisation and digestive tract development of broiler starters

Use of whole wheat, along with compounded feeds, for poultry feeding is a common practice in many parts of the world. However, studies investigating the use of other grains are limited. In the present study, the influence of including whole maize, with differing hardness, in broiler diets on the performance, nutrient utilisation and digestive tract development was examined. The experimental design was a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, evaluating maize hardness (hard, semi-hard or soft) with diets based on ground maize or 115 g/kg whole maize replacing ground maize. The three maize cultivars were ground in a hammer mill to pass through a 4 mm sieve and six diets were developed based on one of the three cultivars. Following mixing, all diets were cold pelleted through a 3 mm die. Each of the six diets was fed to six replicate cages (eight birds per cage) from day 1 to 21 post-hatch. Maize hardness and whole maize inclusion had no effect (P>0.05) on weight gain. Maize hardness influenced (P<0.05) feed intake and feed per gain, while these two parameters were unaffected (P>0.05) by the inclusion of whole maize. The apparent metabolisable energy (AME) was unaffected (P>0.05) by maize hardness and whole maize inclusion. Maize hardness increased the ileal digestibility of nitrogen (P<0.05) and starch (P=0.06). The relative weight of the gizzard was greater (P<0.05) in birds fed hard and semi-hard maize compared to soft maize, and was greater (P<0.05) when whole maize was included. These results indicated that 115 g/kg of ground maize can be replaced by whole maize in broiler starter diets with no adverse effects on growth performance and thus can reduce the cost of feed manufacture.
When Doing Good, What Good to Do?: Examining Whether and Why Firms Benefit From Their CSR Initiatives

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an integral part of brand strategy for firms. However, the important question of whether CSR initiatives have an impact on brand sales remains unanswered. While meta-analyses suggest a small, positive effect of CSR on various measures of firm financial performance, studies have produced mixed results. Focusing primarily on consumer response to CSR, the authors introduce a new framework for categorizing CSR as “corrective”, “compensating”, or “cultivating” CSR actions, and document the influence of these types of CSR on brand sales. The authors leverage a database of CSR press releases issued by leading CPG brands combined with sales data and employ the synthetic control method to measure the causal effect of CSR announcements on brand sales. The findings suggest that CSR initiatives that seek to reduce a brand’s negative externalities (corrective) produced the greatest sales lift, while those that don't (cultivating) can actually hurt sales. The authors examine the mechanism behind this effect under controlled experimental settings. The experimental results show that, conditional on brand reputation, CSR type influences perceptions of brand sincerity regarding the CSR initiative and thereby brand attitudes.
Crustal growth of the Eastern Dharwar Craton: a Neoarchean collisional orogeny?

Abstract The Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) is predominantly made of Neoarchean potassic granitoids with subordinate linear greenstone belts. Available geochemical and isotopic systematics of these granitoids suggest variations in the source and petrogenetic mechanisms. By compiling the available geochemical data, these granitoids can be classified into four groups, namely: TTGs (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite); sanukitoids; biotite and two-mica granites; and hybrid granites. This classification scheme is in line with the global classification of Neoarchean granites, and enables the sources and petrogenetic mechanisms of these variants to be distinguished. Available geochemical, isotopic and geochronological datasets of these granitoids are integrated and the existing tectonic models for the Neoarchean EDC are reviewed. The variability of the EDC granitoids is ascribed to crustal reworking associated with the collision of two continental blocks. The tectonomagmatic evolution of the EDC is analogous to the development of the Himalayan Orogeny. Based on the evolutionary history of the Dharwar Craton, it can be concluded that convergent margin tectonics were operational in the Indian Shield from at least c. 3.3 Ga and continued into the Phanerozoic. However, the nature and style of plate tectonics could be different with time.
Leaf-Associated Shifts in Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Response to Chicken Rearing Under Moso Bamboo Forests in Subtropical China

Integrated bamboo-chicken farming (BCF) systems are a traditional agroforestry pattern with large economic benefits in subtropical China. However, little is known regarding the effect of this integration on the bamboo leaf-associated microbiome, which can be very important for disease control and nutrient turnover. In the present study, we compared the leaf-associated bacterial and fungal communities of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) in a BCF system and an adjacent moso bamboo forest (MBF). The results showed that Cyanobacteria and Ascomycota were the predominant microbial phyla associated with bamboo leaves. Chicken farming under the bamboo forest significantly increased the bacterial and fungal alpha diversity (observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and Simpson’s index) associated with bamboo leaves. Principal components analysis (PCoA) further confirmed the shifts in the bacterial and fungal communities caused by chicken farming. Based on the observed relative abundances, the phyla Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, TM7, and Basidiomycota were significantly increased on BCF-associated leaves compared with MBF leaves, while Acidobacteria and Ascomycota were significantly decreased. An ecological function prediction analysis based on metabolic processes indicated that BCF could accelerate nutrient (C, N, and S) cycling but may increase the risk of fungal-associated diseases. Our findings suggest that shifts in leaf-associated bacterial and fungal communities can be important indicators for the scientific management of BCF systems.
Use an Organic Biostimulant (Vermicompost Tea) For Enhancement In Vıtro Callus Growth in Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)

The health and vitality of callus growth is one of the prerequisites for the success of further in vitro studies. This study investigated the efficiency of different percentage (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) of vermicompost tea as an organic substance on in vitro callus growth in sainfoin. Morpho-physiological responses of calli to vermicompost tea measured under in vitro conditions. As a result of this investigation, a combination of plant growth regulators (4 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA) with 20% of vermicompost tea causing significant callus initiation and growth in sainfoin stem explants. Under the light of these scientific findings, vermicompost tea might be used as an organic bio stimulant for efficient callus growth and complementary to commercial chemical hormones in sainfoin. This research is important due to it can contribute positively to the plant species that are difficult in terms of callus growth and plant regeneration in tissue culture.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Means Ends Analysis Dengan Strategi Heuristik Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan model pembelajaran Means Ends Analysis dengan strategi pembelajaran heuristik efektif dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII SMP N 2 Bringin. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif jenis eksperimen semu. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest posttest control group design. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling dan diperoleh sampel yaitu kelas VIIF sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIIE sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 25.0 dengan uji Independent Sampel T Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Means Ends Analysis dengan strategi pembelajaran heuristik efektif dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII SMP N 2 Bringin.