Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGUJIAN PECKING ORDER THEORY DAN TRADE OFF THEORY PADA STRUKTUR MODAL PERUSAHAAN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOODS DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA)

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variabel-variabel kebijakan struktur modal menurut pecking order theory dan trade off theory terhadap keputusan pendanaan struktur modal perusahaan consumer goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian explanatory dengan metode regresi data panel. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 12 perusahaan consumer goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2008-2012. Jumlah sampel sebesar 12 perusahaan selama lima tahun, merupakan hasil pengambilan sampel melalui teknik pemilihan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa defisit pendanaan berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan struktur modal menurut pandangan pecking order theory, tangibility assets dan profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan struktur modal menurut pandangan trade off theory. sedangkan growth dan size tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan struktur modal. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perusahaan consumer goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia cenderung mengikuti pecking order theory tetapi tidak secara penuh mengikuti hirarki pecking order theory. Penelitian ini dapat membantu manajer untuk menentukan kebijakan struktur modal yang tepat bagi perusahaan agar dapat mencapai biaya modal yang rendah Kata Kunci: kebijakan struktur modal, pecking order theory, trade off theory.
A stochastic spatial model for heterogeneity in cancer growth

Establishing a quantitative understanding of tumor heterogeneity, a major feature arising from the evolutionary processes taking place within the tumor microenvironment, is an important challenge for cancer biologists. Recently established experimental techniques enabled summarizing the variety of tumor cell phenotypes in proliferative or migratory. In the former, cells mostly proliferate and rarely migrate, while the opposite happens with cells having the latter phenotype, a “go-and-grow” description of heterogeneity. In this manuscript we present a discrete time Markov chain to simulate the spatial evolution of a tumor which heterogeneity is described by cells having those two phenotypes. The cell density curves have two qualitatively distinct temporal regimes, as they recover the Gompertz curve widely used for tumor growth description, and a bi-phasic growth which temporal shape resembles the tumor growth dynamics under influence of immunoediting. We also show how our representation of heterogeneity gives rise to variable spatial patterning even when the tumors have similar size and dynamics. Author summary We present a spatial stochastic model to represent the growth of a tumor as a structure having cells of two phenotypes: one whose cells have division as their predominant transition, and another where cells are mostly migrating. The migratory phenotype results from a transformation of the proliferative. Our proposition is based on the assumption that a tumor grows initially within a limited region while its cells are capable of acquire nutrients. During that phase, the cancer cells start changing their phenotype because of stress in their microenvironment and exhaustion of nutrients that lead them to become more migratory and capable of generating metastasis. Our model enables us to recover the usual dynamics observed in tumor growth such as a logistic-like curve, called Gompertz model, widely observed, or the bi-phasic growth observed characterized by equilibrium phase interspersed between two growth regimes. Our approach also enable us to understand the internal spatial and temporal structure of the two sub-populations and can be useful to investigate the phenomena underpinning heterogeneous tumor growth, a feature that helps on the design of treatment strategies based on mitigating heterogeneity related drug resistance.
Annual General Meeting December 2004: The s.v. Cutty Sark: Electrochemistry in Conservation

Abstract The s.v. Cutty Sark is the last surviving example of an extreme clipper built for the profitable China Tea trade. Although expected to be in service for 30 years, the ship has survived to the present day with approximately 80% of the original structure remaining. However, the ship is now showing signs of deterioration, particularly chloride sponsored corrosion of the bolts used to secure the iron frame. As the s.v. Cutty Sark is one of three remaining vessels of composite construction, its preservation is vital for UK and World Marine Heritage. This paper describes an evaluation of the possibility of using an electrochemical method to remove the aggressive chloride ions from the wood/metal matrix structures on the ship. The presence of these species is a major problem associated with the conservation of marine artefacts and although studies have proven the usefulness of this technique for the conservation of large metal structures, e.g. the World War I gunboat M33, its effects on chloride-ion contaminated wood/metal composites had not been evaluated. The results from this work showed that by careful selection of the electrochemical and microbiological control parameters it is possible to successfully electrolyse wood and iron assemblies without degradation of the either the wood or the iron. A subsequent pilot study in the Aft Peak area of the ship further confirmed the feasibility of using electrolysis to remove chloride ions from the wood/iron matrix.
Impact of tissue culture banana technology in Kenya: A difference-in-difference estimation approach

Most micro-level studies on the impact of agricultural technologies build on cross-section data, which can lead to unreliable impact estimates. Here, we use panel data covering two time periods to estimate the impact of tissue culture (TC) banana technology in the Kenyan small farm sector. TC banana is an interesting case, because previous impact studies showed mixed results. We combine propensity score matching with a difference-in-difference estimator to control for selection bias and account for temporal impact variability. TC adoption has positive impacts on banana productivity and profits. The technology increases yields by 40-50% and gross margins by around 100%. These large effects represent the impact of TC technology in combination with improved management practices and higher input use, which is recommended. Looking at the isolated TC effect may underestimate impact because of synergistic relationships. The results suggest that extension efforts to deliver the technological package to smallholder farmers should be scaled up.
A model for evaluating the degree of leanness of manufacturing firms

Clarifies the concept of lean manufacturing and what it comprises. Commences with a review of the lean production literature and, specifically, existing models that identify the variables and component elements of lean production firms. Presents a research instrument for measuring the degree of leanness possessed by manufacturing firms. Research questions were developed and incorporated into structured survey questionnaires for both manufacturing directors and managing directors that enabled a quantitative assessment to be made for the various components of leanness. The survey was completed by over 30 firms in the UK ceramics tableware industry and so represents a comprehensive overview of the state of play in that sector. The figures derived allowed for hypotheses testing and a quantitative analysis. Presents selected results and conclusions from the current survey to illustrate the application and usefulness of the instrument. Argues that, though developed specifically for the tableware industry, the research instrument can be adapted for use in other industries.
VES-13 Role to Identify Limited Life Expectancy in Older Adults in Primary Care Settings

Background: Population aging is a phenomenon that represents a challenge to the health systems, especially to settings with limited economic resources. In this scenario, it is essential to perform adequate screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches to reduce health vulnerability. To investigate, for the first time, the potential role of Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13) to identify older adults with Limited Life Expectancy (LLE) (defined as estimated 10-year mortality risk ≥ 50%) in Primary Health Care (PHC) settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in all PHC units in Jatai (Brazil) from July to December 2018. The sample size of 407 elderly individuals was obtained considering an older population (≥60 years old) of 10,853, a 50% prevalence, a 5% margin of error, a 95% confidence level, and 10% of possible losses. Participants answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including the VES-13 (a tool to identify health vulnerability) and the Suemoto index (an index to estimate 10-year mortality risk for community-dwelling older adults). We tested the association between LLE and VES-13, using multiple logistic regression analysis. In addition, we investigated the discrimination of the VES-13 in identifying individuals with LLE using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: The mean age was 68.9 ± 6.6yo, and 58% were women. The mean score of VES-13 was 2.0 ± 2.2, the mean score of Suemoto index was 31.5 ± 21.1%, and 17.2% had LLE. The VES-13 was associated with LLE (OR=1.57; p=<0.0001). Moreover, a VES-13 score ≥2 points was able to discriminate LLE (AUROC=0.764 (95%CI=0.078-0.820); sensitivity 81%). Conclusion: VES-13was able to identify older adults with LLE in PHC settings. Thus, the VES-13 could play a role in detecting older adults that would not benefit from screening (e.g., colorectal cancer) and strict control of chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes). However, other longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the role of VES-13 in identifying older adults with LLE, before the VES-13 can be adopted in routine clinical practice decisions in PHC, since we used a prediction model to identify LLE.
Attenuation Relationships for Iran

The purpose of this study is to derive the attenuation relationships for PGA, PGV, and EPA parameters for areas within the seismic zones of Zagros, Alborz and Central Iran with rock and soil substructures. In order to do so, at first the available scientific data including the methods used for deriving attenuation relationships and the parameters involved have been gathered. Afterwards, all the efforts have been focused on gathering a thorough catalogue of earthquakes occurred in Iran. In this regard, a majority of the available catalogs in Iran have been gathered and corrected through different methods and finally a set of 89 earthquake events including 307 earthquake records with reliable data was chosen. Since in order to derive the attenuation relationships it is essential to extract the parameters from the acceleration records, a great effort was placed on gathering the earthquake acceleration records of Iran. This resulted in building a database of a majority of the earthquake records up to the year of 2004. Afterwards, correction methods applicable to earthquakes records of Iran considering the type of machines used and the ground type were examined which resulted in certain guidelines for correction of earthquake acceleration record data related to Iran. In the next step the needed parameters were extracted from the earthquake acceleration record data which were consequently divided into two seismic zones of Zagros, and Alborz and Central Iran according to tectonic conditions. After examination of the parameters and choosing the most appropriate among them, the attenuation relationships were derived for such parameters.
Transient Analysis of and Control System for Advanced Cycles Based on Micro Gas Turbine Technology

Microturbines have a less complex mechanical design than large-size gas turbines that should make it possible to fit them with a more straightforward control system. However, these systems have very low shaft mechanical inertia and a fast response to external disturbances, such as load trip, that make this very difficult to do. Furthermore, the presence of the recuperator requires smooth variations to the Turbine Outlet Temperature (TOT), when possible, to ensure reduced thermal stresses to the metallic matrix. This paper, after a brief overview of microturbine control systems and typical transients, presents the expected transient behavior of two advanced cycles: the Externally Fired micro Gas Turbine (EFmGT) cycle, where the aim is to develop a proper control system set-up to manage safe part-load operations at constant rotational speed, and a solar Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC), whose control system has to ensure the maximum efficiency at constant rotational speed and constant Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT).
EFFECTS OF LARGE-DROPLET ICE ACCRETION ON AIRFOIL AND WING AERODYNAMICS AND CONTROL.

Abstract : An integrated experimental and computational investigation was conducted to determine the effect of simulated ridge ice shapes on airfoil aerodynamics. These upper-surface shapes are representative of those which may form aft of protected surfaces in super-cooled large droplet conditions. The simulated ice shapes were experimentally tested on a modified National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 23012 (23012m) airfoil and Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) 0414 airfoil at Reynolds numbers of 1.8 million for a range of protuberance locations, sizes, and shapes. The computational study investigated the cases encompassed by the experimental study but in addition included higher Reynolds numbers and other airfoils from the NASA Commuter Airfoil Program.
A scalable GaN HEMT large-signal model for high-efficiency RF power amplifier design

This paper presents a large-signal empirical model for GaN HEMT devices using an improved Angelov drain current formulation with self-heating effect and a modified non-linear capacitance model. The established model for small gate-width GaN HEMTs is validated by on-wafer load-pull measurements up to 14 GHz. Moreover, a scalable large-signal model is presented by adding scalable parameters to drain-source current and non-linear capacitance equations. The scalable model of a 1.25 mm GaN HEMT has been employed to design a class-AB power amplifier for validation purposes. The results show that good agreement has been achieved between the simulated and measured results with 37.2 dBm saturation output power (Psat) and 58% maximum power-added-efficiency at 3 GHz.
Comparison between Observation and Boundary Element Analysis of Bacterium Swimming Motion

In the present study, we observed the motion of the bacterium, Vibrio alginolysicus, which swims by rotating a single helically shaped flagellum, by means of a dark-field microscope with a CCD camera system. We took measurements of the speed and the rotation rate as well as the size of individual bacteria. Next, we predicted the swimming speed by means of the boundary element method to analyse the bacterium’s motion and compared the calculated speed with the observed one. There was a close correlation between them not only qualitatively but also qauntitatively. Furthermore, we evaluated the torque of the flagellar motor, by coupling the computational and the experimental results. The torque was estimated to be of the order of 0.1-1 pNμm.
High c-Myb Expression Associates with Good Prognosis in Colorectal Carcinoma

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a serious challenge for oncologists due to high incidence and large heterogeneity. Prognostic factors are needed to stratify patients according to risk of disease progression. In this study, we report that high expression of c-Myb protein, determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), associates with better overall and disease-free survival (OS, DFS) in a cohort of 103 patients. Although MYB has been previously considered to act as oncogene in CRC, our further analysis of datasets deposited in PrognoScan and SurvExpress databases confirmed that high MYB expression largely associates with good prognosis in CRC. As therapies targeting c-Myb have been developed and tested in preclinical studies, we believe that further studies are needed for detailed understanding of c-Myb function in CRC, before the c-Myb-targeted therapy enters clinical trials.
Performance Enhancement of Active Structures During Service Lives

This thesis describes a successful application of advanced computational methods to tasks in the field of active structural control. The control-task involves finding good control movements for a highly coupled, non-linear structure. It is demonstrated how these methods improve the accuracy of the analytical model. Also, stochastic search techniques are compared for the same task. Furthermore, the performance of the system can be enhanced during service life by storing, retrieving and adapting good solutions. The structure studied, a Tensegrity, is a special type of cable structure. Tensegrities stimulate the imagination of artists, researchers and engineers. Varying the amount of selftress changes structural shape as well as the load-bearing capacity. They offer unique applications, as deployable structures in the context of aerospace applications and more generally, as actively controlled structures. However, the non-linear behavior of tensegrities is difficult to model. Aspects of this work involve subjects such as tensegrity structures, active structural control, search algorithms and artificial intelligence. The focus of this thesis is on the last two subjects. This work demonstrates how advanced computing techniques can be used in order to increase solution quality. A hybrid approach, employing neural networks, increases the accuracy of the analytical model that is employed for simulating tensegrity structures. A comparison of three stochastic search techniques shows that computational time, first estimated to take centuries when adapting a "brute-force" approach, can be reduced to hours. Case-based reasoning (CBR) is used for a further tenfold decrease in computation time. The time needed to find good control solutions decreased from hours, when stochastic search is used, to minutes with CBR. CBR also provides possibilities for improving performance over service life. Successfully solved situations are stored as cases in a case-base. In new situations, a case close to the new situation is retrieved and then adapted. By storing additional cases, the system is able to retrieve better cases for adaptation. With increasing case-base size, adaptation time decreases. The combination of these techniques has much potential for improving the performance of complex structures during service lives. Results should contribute to the development of innovative structural solutions. Finally, it is expected that the findings in this thesis will become points of departure for subsequent studies.
AIR EXCHANGE RATE IN A HORSE TRAILER DURING ROAD TRANSPORT

Horses traveling by road commonly experience heat stress conditions and poor air quality, which may be caused by insufficient ventilation; however, there are few estimates of air exchange in a horse trailer during transport. Air exchange rate was measured at ten locations within a four-horse trailer (internal volume 18.5 m3) using tracer gas decay measurement to assess the adequacy of ventilation. Three vehicle speeds (13, 48, and 97 km h-1) and three window configurations (all windows and roof vents closed, all windows open, all windows open and roof vents open forward) were tested with and without animals present in the trailer. External air temperature ranged from 22.3°C to 28.3°C with an average of 25.3°C, and internal air temperature ranged from 29.9°C to 34.8°C with an average of 31.3°C with animals present. Air exchange rate increased with vehicle speed and open window and vent area. The average air exchange rate over all vehicle speeds and ventilation configurations was 0.52 min-1 with animals present and 0.76 min-1 without animals. Without animals present, the maximum mean exchange rate was 1.42 min-1 at 97 km h-1 at the rear left window with all windows and vents open; the lowest mean exchange rate was 0.12 min-1 at 13 km h-1 with all windows and vents closed at the lower position of the rearmost stall divider. With animals present, the maximum air exchange rate observed was 0.84 min-1 with all windows and vents open and traveling at 97 km h-1. Ventilation in the trailer was not adequate when compared to recommendations for stabled horses for any combination of vehicle speed or ventilation configuration. Increasing open vent area, either by increasing the number and size of roof vents or the size of windows in the sidewall, would be the most cost-effective means of increasing air exchange in a horse trailer.
Performance Evaluation of a Double-Glazed Box-Type Solar Oven with Reflector

This research paper describes the performance evaluation of a double-glazed box-type solar oven with reflector fabricated using locally available materials, compressed sawdust with binder; size of the box is 700 mm × 700 mm × 400 mm and 10 mm thickness. The experimental solar cooker consists of an aluminium absorber plate (1 mm) painted matt black and a double-glazed lid. The bottom and sides are lagged with fibreglass wool insulator, thickness = 50 mm, W/m°C. The reflector consists of a wooden-framed commercially available specular plane mirror which is sized to form a cover for the box when not being in use. Its thermal performance was tested according to the ASAE International Test procedure and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for testing the thermal performance of box-type solar cooker. Thermal performance experiments were conducted in order to determine the first figure of merit (F1), the second figure of merit (F2) and standard cooking power (Ps). The obtained test results were employed to calculate the two figures of merit (F1, and F2) and the standard cooking power (P50) to be 0.11 Km2w−1, 0.31, and 23.95 W, respectively. Finally, the results illustrated that the cooker has a good reliability for cooking food and boiling water.
Propensity score analysis of non‐anatomical versus anatomical resection of colorectal liver metastases

There are concerns that non‐anatomical resection (NAR) worsens perioperative and oncological outcomes compared with those following anatomical resection (AR) for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Most previous studies have been biased by the effect of tumour size. The aim of this study was to compare oncological outcomes after NAR versus AR.
The effectiveness of light switch reminders in reducing light usage

A carefully controlled field study has shown that reminder stickers attached to light switch plates reduce lighting energy consumption in private offices. The magnitude of the energy savings is large enough for the switch stickers to be cost effective in 10 weeks or less. A questionnaire administered at the end of the study showed that people were generally receptive to the switch stickers as reminders for saving energy.