Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exponential stability of discrete linear repetitive processes

Repetitive processes are a distinct class of 2D systems of both practical and theoretical interest. Their essential characteristic is repeated sweeps, termed passes, through a set of dynamics defined over a finite duration with explicit interaction between the outputs, or pass profiles, produced as the process evolves. Experience has shown that these processes cannot be studied/controlled by direct application of existing theory (in all but a few very restrictive special cases). This fact, and the growing list of applications areas, has prompted an on-going research programme into the development of a 'mature' systems theory for these processes for onward translation into reliable generally applicable controller design algorithms. In this paper we develop the concept of exponential stability for the very important subclass of so-called discrete linear repetitive processes and relate the results obtained to those already in both the general 2D linear systems and repetitive process literature.
New Polymer Composites Made of Recycled Polystyrene with Red Mud and Wind Blade Waste: An Industrial Ecology Case

The development of composites with the waste of industries close to each other would mean an interesting case of industrial symbiosis in search for using less financial and natural resources. This paper presents the development of polymer composites made of three types of waste, produced by industries located in the same region and distant at most 25 km from each other: electronic waste, red mud (obtained during aluminium production), and the waste of wind turbine blades' manufacturing (epoxy resin/glass fibre). Composites were obtained incorporating 5%, 10%, and 15% of industrial waste (red mud and epoxy/fibre) in a matrix of recycled high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) from discarded electronic equipment. Tests were performed to obtain the melt flow index and the composites' water content and study the mechanical properties (tensile and impact) of test specimens produced with the composites by injection moulding (temperature from 200 to 250°C, the injection pressure of 45 MPa, and the injection time of 2.5 s). Results showed that the composites have water content and melt flow index within the specifications for recycled HIPS and are usually more rigid than it, reaching values for Elasticity Modulus up to 34% higher. Therefore, these composites can be applied when materials with more stiffness than HIPS are required.
Physical origins of mobility degradation in extremely scaled SiO2/HfO2 gate stacks with La and Al induced dipoles

We demonstrate metal-gate-induced interfacial layer (IL) scaling using a HfO2 dielectric and clarify the kinetics underlying this process. The intrinsic IL scaling effect on electron mobility is separated from La and Al-induced dipole effects. We find that the mobility degradation for La-containing high-κ dielectrics is not due to the La-induced dipole but due to the intrinsic IL scaling effect, whereas the Al-induced dipole brings about additional mobility degradation. This unique nature of the La-induced dipole enables aggressive equivalent oxide thickness scaling down to 0.42 nm without extrinsic mobility degradation when combined with IL scaling.
Modeling topology formation during laser ablation

Micromachining high aspect-ratio structures can be accomplished through ablation of surfaces with high-powered lasers. Industrial manufacturers now use these methods to form complex and regular surfaces at the 10–1000 μm feature size range. Despite its increasingly wide acceptance on the manufacturing floor, the underlying photochemistry of the ablation mechanism, and hence the dynamics of the machining process, is still a question of considerable debate. We have constructed a computer model to investigate and predict the topological formation of ablated structures. Qualitative as well as quantitative agreement with excimer-laser machined polyimide substrates has been demonstrated. This model provides insights into the drilling process for high-aspect-ratio holes.
Dynamic behaviour of the keyhole in laser welding

The dynamic behaviour of a keyhole in laser welding is studied theoretically. Starting from the stationary state, where the recoil pressure from ablating particles is in equilibrium with the surface tension at the keyhole wall, the collapse time due to a sudden laser shut-down is calculated. The characteristic time constant (r03 rho / gamma )1/2 of the system (r0 is the initial keyhole radius, rho is the density of the melt, gamma is the gamma coefficient of surface tension) which is approximately 0.1 ms for Al, Fe and Cu turns out to be a lower limit of the keyhole closing time. Linear stability analysis of the stationary state reveals that under conditions relevant in practice, the keyhole is expected to perform oscillations with frequencies of several hundred Hertz. The results of this investigation are particularly important for pulsed laser applications.
Prevalence and Risk Factors For Intestinal Nematodes Infections among Primary School Children at Kigeme Refugee Camp, Southern Province, Rwanda

Background Intestinal parasitic infections are common in camps of internally displaced people or refugees. Although, much has been done in Rwanda for their control in the general population, little is known about the prevalence among children in refugees’ camps. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal nematodes infections and associated risk factors among primary school children at Kigeme refugee camp, southern province of Rwanda in 2021. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted; a total number of 383 stool samples were collected and examined using formal ether concentration technique. Results Approximately, one out of two participants (48.0%) were found to be infected with at least one intestinal nematode. Ascaris lumbricoides was found to be most prevalent (81%), followed by Trichirus trichiura (7.1%) and hookworm (3.8%). Parental illiteracy was identified as a risk factor, while knowledge on transmission roots of intestinal nematodes was seen as a protective factor. Conclusion Family members and parental education in particular is key as far as prevention of intestinal nematodes infections is concerned. Enhancement of public health education about hygiene and sanitation as well as regular mass drug administration could be important in fighting against intestinal parasitic infections. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(3):332-339
EmoLexPros: A database of prosodically incongruent emotional words in European Portuguese

In this study, we validated a set of audio stimuli addressing emotional lexico-prosodic congruence. Positive, neutral and negative words classified as such in European Portuguese lexical databases were recorded with matching and mismatching emotional prosodic patterns (positive, neutral and negative). The produced set was submitted to behavioral validation, where each utterance was rated for lexico-prosodic match. Word pairs showing maximal differences across match and mismatch versions were selected (n=55) and subjected to prosody-related acoustic validation. The three types of prosodic patterns, positive, negative and neutral, differenced in F0, amplitude, duration and timbral parameters. Finally, items were catalogued for their psycholinguistic properties. The present validated set may be used for emotional prosody research in European Portuguese. Since it is compatible with passive listening tasks, it is particularly relevant to research and clinical practice engaging populations who are limited in their ability to provide explicit responses.
Reproductive and lactational responses of multiparous dairy cattle to short-term postpartum chromium supplementation during the summer months

Graphical Abstract Summary: Twenty-two multiparous, lactating Holstein cows were enrolled in the experiment, spanning the summer months of June through September. Cows were housed in freestalls where they were individually fed using a Calan gate system. Cows were randomly assigned to the control (Con; no supplement; n = 10) or chromium propionate (CrPro; 12 mg/head per day chromium for 24 d; n = 12) treatment groups. Every 3 days, ovarian structures were counted and measured and blood samples, respiration rates, and rectal temperatures were collected. Every 6 days, a uterine swab was obtained for cytological evaluation to determine the incidences of subclinical endometritis, as determined by polymorphonuclear leukocyte percentage. Chromium supplementation benefited small ovarian follicles, polymorphonuclear leukocyte percentage, and the ratio of plasma progesterone to average corpus luteum volume.
Hybrid model prediction of guided wave array system detection sensitivity for the SHM of fatigue cracks in large structures

Localized and distributed guided ultrasonic wave array systems allow for the efficient structural health monitoring of large structures, such as aircraft, ship hulls, or oil storage tanks. Permanently attached sensor arrays have been applied for the detection of corrosion and fatigue damage. A hybrid model has been developed for the efficient prediction of the sensitivity of guided waves array systems to detect through thickness and part-through fatigue cracks at different locations in plate structures. Using a point transmitter and receiver model for the wave propagation along the structure, the distances between sensor elements and potential defect locations are taken into account. The influence of the orientation of the crack relative to the transducer elements has been predicted from localized 3D Finite Element simulations. The directivity pattern of the scattered guided wave field has been shown to depend on the defect orientation and on the ratio of the characteristic defect size and depth to wavelength, and has been verified from experimental measurements. Good agreement was found and the localized amplitude and directivity patterns provide the basis for the quantification of the detection sensitivity for fatigue cracks. Using a hybrid model, the relative amplitudes of received pulses for different sensor array layouts can be calculated. From a comparison with the signal to noise ratio of the array system, detection capabilities can be predicted for various defect sizes and orientation. This provides a rapid tool for the development and optimization of guided wave array SHM systems.
Decentralized Dynamic Coverage Control for Mobile Sensor Networks in a Non‐convex Environment

In this paper, we consider the problem of decentralized dynamic coverage control for mobile sensor networks in an environment with unknown obstacles. The goal is to cover each point in the mission domain but outside the obstacles to a desired level. Each agent is modeled as a point mass based on Newton's law. A decentralized control strategy is developed to accomplish the dynamic coverage task without collision with obstacles. Discrete update of the cooperative coverage is also considered to enhance the cooperation of the agents in the fleet. The collision avoidance and global convergence of the proposed control scheme are proved and illustrated via a simulation example.
Prevalence of Dental Anxiety Among Students in A Medical Institute in India

Anxiety is a common characteristic of many patients in a dental practice setting. It is estimated that in western populations, approximately 10% to 40% undergo dental anxiety while rates are higher in non-western populations. Dental anxiety is an important challenge for many patients and clinicians and is most prime barriers to optimum and high-quality dental care. Some factors that could lead to dental anxiety include painful extractions, injections, age, gender and past dental experiences. Research have shown that extreme cases of dental anxiety can lead to the avoidance of dental visits, which then in turn results in poor oral health, and patients only seek for help when the pain becomes unbearable. This research will provide dentists a better understanding on the awareness of dental anxiety among patients and to also help them plan suitable treatments (Figure1). The aim of this study was to investigate the differences and assessment of the dental anxiety levels between genders and among medical undergraduate, postgraduate and nursing students of AIIMS, Rishikesh, India. This was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire where an estimate of up to 500 students were asked to answer some questions upon receiving their written consents. The questionnaire included their personal demographics data and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questions. The degree of anxiety was compared in relation to different factors. Data collected was analyzed using chi-square test and one-way ANOVA.
Design of paediatric trials with benefit-risk endpoints using a composite score of adverse events of interest (AEI) and win-statistics

ABSTRACT A fundamental problem in the regulatory evaluation of a therapy is assessing whether the benefit outweighs the associated risks. This work proposes designing a trial that assesses a composite endpoint consisting of benefit and risk, hence, making the core of the design of the study, to assess benefit and risk. The proposed benefit risk measure consists of efficacy measure(s) and a risk measure that is based on a composite score obtained from pre-defined adverse events of interest (AEI). This composite score incorporates full aspects of adverse events of interest (i.e. the incidence, severity, and duration of the events). We call this newly proposed score the AEI composite score. After specifying the priorities between the components of the composite endpoint, a win-statistic (i.e. win ratio, win odds, or net benefit) is used to assess the difference between treatments in this composite endpoint. The power and sample size requirements of such a trial design are explored via simulation. Finally, using Dupixent published adult study results, we show how we can design a paediatric trial where the primary outcome is a composite of prioritized outcomes consisting of efficacy endpoints and the AEI composite score endpoint. The resulting trial design can potentially substantially reduce sample size compared to a trial designed to assess the co-primary efficacy endpoints, therefore it may address the challenge of slow enrollment and patient availability for paediatric studies.
New York University Value-Added Galaxy Catalog: A Galaxy Catalog Based on New Public Surveys

Here we present the New York University Value-Added Galaxy Catalog (NYU-VAGC), a catalog of local galaxies (mostly below z ≈ 0.3) based on a set of publicly released surveys matched to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 2. The photometric catalog consists of 693,319 galaxies, QSOs, and stars; 343,568 of these have redshift determinations, mostly from the SDSS. Excluding areas masked by bright stars, the photometric sample covers 3514 deg2, and the spectroscopic sample covers 2627 deg2 (with about 85% completeness). Earlier, proprietary versions of this catalog have formed the basis of many SDSS investigations of the power spectrum, correlation function, and luminosity function of galaxies. Future releases will follow future public releases of the SDSS. The catalog includes matches to the Two Micron All Sky Survey Point Source Catalog and Extended Source Catalog, the IRAS Point Source Catalog Redshift Survey, the Two-Degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey, the Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies, and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty cm survey. We calculate and compile derived quantities from the images and spectra of the galaxies in the catalogs (for example, K-corrections and structural parameters for the galaxies). The SDSS catalog presented here is photometrically calibrated in a more consistent way than that distributed by the SDSS Data Release 2 Archive Servers and is thus more appropriate for large-scale structure statistics, reducing systematic calibration errors across the sky from ∼2% to ∼1%. We include an explicit description of the geometry of the catalog, including all imaging and targeting information as a function of sky position. Finally, we have performed eyeball quality checks on a large number of objects in the catalog in order to flag errors (such as errors in deblending). This catalog is complementary to the SDSS Archive Servers in that NYU-VAGC's calibration, geometric description, and conveniently small size are specifically designed for studying galaxy properties and large-scale structure statistics using the SDSS spectroscopic catalog.
Self-heating effects at high pump currents in deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes at 324 nm

We present a detailed high-pump-current study of self-heating effects in ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) grown on sapphire. For deep ultraviolet LEDs on sapphire, our results establish self-heating to be a primary cause of premature power saturation under dc pumping. Even the flip-chip packaged devices undergo a steady-state temperature rise to about 70 °C at a dc pump current of only 50 mA (at 8 V) resulting in a significant decrease in LED output. Temperature rise values estimated from peak emission wavelength shifts and from micro-Raman mapping of the active devices were in good agreement.
Indonesian Muslim in the Netherlands: Responding to Nationalism, Islamism, Democracy, and Pluralism

There are very few studies relating to the practice of Indonesian Islam in the Netherlands, and how Indonesian Muslims in the Netherlands respond to a number of citizenship issues (such as nationalism, Islamism, democracy and pluralism). This article describes quantitative data based on survey results to understand practice of Indonesian Islam in the Netherlands, and to describe the responses of Indonesian Muslims in the Netherlands to a number of citizenship issues. The survey covers demographic information, the practice of Indonesian Islam, responses about several topics such as Indonesia, nationalism and Islam; Islamism, democracy and pluralism, and participation in Islamic organizations. The survey involved 89 respondents living in the Netherlands in 2017. The findings show that rituals associated to Nahdlatul Ulama (the biggest Islamic organization in Indonesia) are most common among the Indonesian community in the Netherlands. In general, respondents are strongly nationalists. However, some political Islam principles are becoming more commonplace among Indonesian Muslims in the Netherlands, which indicates that the support for Islamism is strong enough among them.
Comparison of the different distribution functions in Gd-doped ceria system by molecular dynamics simulations

Cerium dioxide-based materials are among the most studied for applications in the energy and environmental fields and are also of interest in biology and medicine. The fluorite structure of CeO2 is locally distorted by the concomitant presence of doping cations, such as Gd3+ and oxygen vacancies. The cation-anion bond length distribution then becomes increasingly asymmetric with the doping ratio and temperature. In these cases, the MD simulation results indicate that the commonly used maximum of the pair correlation function g(r) first peak can no longer be adopted to estimate the mean bond length. To determine the true cation-anion bond length, the analysis of the radial distribution function R(r) first peak is necessary. Furthermore, the asymmetry of this peak must be accounted for when extracting the mean value of the distribution. The gap between the g(r) maximum and the R(r) mean position derived from the fit using a skewed Gaussian function clearly increases with the doping ratio and temperature, leading to different conclusions concerning bond length evolution. The present study also suggests that care must be taken when the bond length is deduced from the pair distribution functions G pdf(r) as is the case in total scattering experiments (x-ray and neutrons). Finally, relations between the cumulants of the effective distribution of distances as determined in extended x-ray absorption fine structure experiments and the cumulants describing the real distance distribution are proposed considering that both these distributions are modelled by a skewed Gaussian function.
Evaluation of genetic and phenotypic parameters growth traits in organized flock of Chokla sheep of Rajasthan

The sire effect was highly significant (Pâ‰¤0.01) on all growth traits.The sex effect of lamb was highly significant (Pâ‰¤0.01) on all growth traits but non-significant on 12 months body weight, period effect was highly significant (Pâ‰¤ 0.01) on all growth traits but non-significant on birth weight. The effect of damâ€™s age was highly significant (Pâ‰¤0.01) on birth weight, 3 months weight, ADG3 and nonsignificant effect for 6, 9, 12 months body weights, ADG1 and ADG2. The effect of season of birth was highly significant (Pâ‰¤ 0.01) on all growth traits but non-significant effect for 12 months body weights. The effect of damâ€™s weight as a covariate was highly significant (Pâ‰¤0.01) on birth, 3, 6, 9 months body weights and ADG1 and significant (Pâ‰¤0.05) on 12 months body weights and non-significant for ADG2 and ADG3. The heritability estimates from WOMBAT (animal model 1) method for body weights and average daily gains were low to medium. Estimates of genetic correlations between body weights with weights at subsequent ages were positive and ranged from 0.065 to 0.885, and average daily gains during different phase ranged from â€“0.088 to 0.322. Estimates for phenotypic correlations between body weights with weights at subsequent ages ranged from 0.255 to 0.818, and average daily gains during different phase ranged from â€“0.22 to 0.141.
Semi-Markov Decision Processes with Unbounded Rewards

We consider a semi-Markov decision process with arbitrary action space; the state space is the nonnegative integers. As in queueing systems, we assume that {0, 1, 2,. , n + N} is the set of states accessible from state n in one transition, where N is finite and independent of n. The novel feature of this model is that the one-period reward is not required to be uniformly bounded; instead, we merely assume it to be bounded by a polynomial in n. Our main concern is with the average cost problem. A set of conditions sufficient for there to be an optimal stationary policy which can be obtained from the usual functional equation is developed. These conditions are quite weak and, as illustrated in several queueing examples, are easily verified.
A Catalog of Observations for Stellar Masers

Almost 3000 stellar sources which have been searched for maser emission from the H2O, SiO, and/or OH molecules are catalogued. Of the sources listed, 368 were detected in H2O, 209 in SiO, and 713 in OH. The catalog includes basic information about the stars including alternate names, the 1950 epoch position, velocity, spectral type, variability type, and period, as well as the references for both the detections and nondetections for each of the three molecules.
Slow Instabilities in Tropical Ocean Basin–Global Atmosphere Models

Abstract The effect of ocean boundaries on instability in coupled ocean-natmosphere models is determined. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are calculated for coupled systems featuring an ocean basin bounded zonally by a flat continent. The atmosphere is periodic zonally about the globe. The oceanic and atmospheric dynamics are both represented by linear shallow water equations on the equatorial β-plane. The calculation involves latitudinal series expansion and longitudinal finite differencing. Certain of the modes (i.e., eigenvectors) have amplitudes that grow with time, the growth being a direct result of the ocean-atmosphere coupling. Comparison is made to modes previously determined for the theoretically simpler case where the ocean is zonally unbounded. Growing modes in the bounded ocean case correspond in aspects of behavior and structure to particular modes of appropriate wavelength in the unbounded ocean basin. The basic mechanism of instability is the same in both cases. Growing modes in the bounded o.