Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rhinomaxillary mucormycosis presenting as palatal ulcer: A case report with comprehensive pathophysiology

Mucormycosis is an emerging fungal infection which has exceptionally high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients and remains a life-threatening infection in uncontrolled diabetics. The reported cases in literature may be less in number due to its frequent misdiagnosis. Imaging techniques in the early stages are usually nondiagnostic and cytological smears are not very reliable, thus, the gold standard for definitive diagnosis remains with the histopathological examination. A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and host fungus interaction aids in the histopathological evaluation and clinical management. Despite of surgical and medical management, the overall mortality rate remains high in persistently immunocompromised individuals. We present a case report of a 58-year-old female patient with rhinomaxillary mucormycosis with a history of uncontrolled diabetes.
Histological assessment of budding and depth of invasion (BD) model in biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Objectives: Recognizing precise prognosticators from preoperative biopsies that aids in treatment is of immense clinical importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess and compare the tumor budding (B), depth of invasion (D) and combined scores (BD) model in the preoperative biopsies and subsequent postoperative specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods: B and D were assessed in the pre- and postoperative specimens of 65 OSCC cases treated in the institution. Relationship between pre- and postoperative assessments was subjected to McNemar's, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, sensitivity and specificity statistics. Results: There was an agreement between the pre- and postoperative B scores in 54 cases with accuracy of 83% (95% confidence interval 71.73%–91.24%). The preoperative scores showed a good sensitivity of 67.86% and a high specificity of 94.59% in predicting the postoperative score of the same. The difference in assessing intensity B as low and high between preoperative and postoperative biopsies was not statistically different. There was an agreement between the pre- and postoperative scores of the BD model in 72%. The difference in BD scoring as low intermediate and high between preoperative and postoperative biopsies were significantly different statistically. Postoperative BD scoring showed a significant association with stage and lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: The findings validate the prognostic value of BD model in the postoperative specimens. Its value in preoperative biopsies is questionable. A judicious representative biopsy may increase the accuracy and reliability in the assessment of preoperative B and precision in BD model evaluation.
Evaluation of antifungal activity of mint, pomegranate and coriander on fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata

Introduction: Antifungal resistance shown by different species of Candida has affected the management of candidiasis drastically. This has led to the need for newer safer therapeutic alternatives for their management. Phytochemical agents have been long known to possess numerous medicinal activities. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and resistance of fluconazole and to compare the antifungal effects of Coriandrum sativum, Mentha piperita and Punica granatum in Candida glabrata. Materials and Methods: The organism was inoculated into a specific medium, and extracts are added at serial dilutions and incubated to evaluate the zone of inhibition. Results: All the three extracts showed statistically significant and superior antifungal activity to fluconazole in fluconazole-resistant C. glabrata. Conclusion: Although the extracts showed superior antifungal activity in resistant C. glabrata strains, further studies are needed to evaluate these extracts in patients to see if their efficacy is impeded by any systemic or local factors in the body.
First-principles calculation of stacking fault and twin boundary energies of Cr2Nb

Abstract The stacking fault and twin boundary energies of C15 Cr2Nb are calculated by the first-principles local-density-functional approach. It is found that the intrinsic and extrinsic stacking fault energies are 116 and 94mJm−2, respectively, and the twin boundary energy is 39mJm−2. The lower extrinsic stacking fault energy is consistent with the fact that the C36 structure has a lower energy than the C14 structure. The calculated stacking fault energies at 0K are larger than the experimental values available in the literature. The equilibrium separations between Shockley partials based on the calculated elastic constants and stacking fault energies are also calculated.
Evaluation of the stability and antibacterial activity of crude extracts of hydro-endophytic fungi

The production and screening of secondary metabolites of four hydro-endophytes isolated from lotus, and the stability of bioactive compounds was evaluated. Surface-sterilized technique was used to isolate the endophytic fungi (EF) on potato dextrose agar and identified by using morphological and molecular techniques. The extracts were tested for anti-microbial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) DMST20651, Streptococcus mutans (SM) DMST18777, Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) ATCC12228, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) TISTR1467, and Propionibacterium acnes (PN) DMST14916. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were determined. Finally, thermal and ultraviolet (UV) stability was evaluated. Four endophyte isolates (EF 14, EF36, EF53, EF58, and EF60) produced secondary metabolites and showed activity against MRSA, SM, SE, PA, and PN, respectively. The crude ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extract of EF14 showed activity against MRSA with the inhibition zone of 9.00 ± 0.00 and 7.50 ± 0.50 mm, and minimum inhibitory concentration was 4.80 and 4.90 mg/mL, respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration was 9.60 mg/mL. Whereas, the crude EtOAc and MeOH extract EF60, which were extracted by EtOAc and MeOH, showed inhibition zone of SE as 12.33 ± 0.57 and 12.33 ± 0.57 mm, respectively. Crude EtOAC extracts of EF14 showed highest thermal stability at 55°C–121°C, and UV stability with MRSA and SE, respectively. The results showed that the EtOAc extracts of EF could be potential antibacterial pathogens and displayed UV-thermal stability. This information is beneficial for future investigations, since some bioactive compounds have potential as anti-resistant strains of some bacterial pathogens.
Oral condyloma acuminatum with changes in excretory duct of minor salivary gland: An unusual case report and review of literature

Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is human papilloma virus-induced disease, rarely involving oral cavity, usually sexually transmitted and frequently occurs in anogenital areas. Oral lesions are being present predominantly on the tongue, lip mucosa, buccal mucosa, palate and floor of the mouth. The disease is more common in teenagers and appears as solitary or multiple, sessile or pedunculated masses. Here, we report the unique case of CA on the lower lip in a 45-year-old man, showing changes in the excretory duct of the minor salivary gland, which is relatively unusual.
Evaluation of sealing ability of four bioceramic root canal sealers and an epoxy resin-based sealer: An in vivo study

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bacterial leakage of four different bioceramic root canal sealers and to compare it to the conventional epoxy resin-based sealer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 94 single-rooted human teeth with one round root canal, which were instrumented and randomly distributed into five experimental groups according to the root canal sealer: Group 1: TotalFill bioceramic sealer; Group 2: BioRoot root canal sealer; Group 3: mineral trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Fillapex; Group 4: MTA Plus; Group 5: epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus and positive and negative control group. The prepared samples were fixed in a model designed for the Enterococcus faecalis leakage evaluation and were sterilized in plasma. The bacterial penetration through the filled root canals was checked by the color change in the lower tube during 60 days. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the bond between the sealer and the dentine wall. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: Total Fill bioceramic sealer (BCS) group presented significantly lower number of samples that leaked (14.2%) compared to the AH Plus group (78.6%) (P = 0.002) and MTA Plus group (50%) (P = 0.046). There was no statistically significant difference between other groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The TotalFill BCS root canal sealer provided better sealing ability compared to the AH Plus and the MTA Plus sealers.
Stereomicroscope as an aid in grossing and histopathological diagnosis: A prospective study

Background: Routinely, naked eye and a magnified glass are used to observe the specimens during grossing procedure. Stereomicroscope is a significant adjuvant to examine a variety of specimens and it enables us to examine the surface details of the specimen efficiently. Aims and Objectives: To assess the role of stereomicroscope in macroscopic examination and its effectiveness in the study of surface details of the specimen, thereby evaluating its role as an effective tool in grossing and histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of routine specimens received by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, between July 15, 2018, and September 15, 2018. All the specimens were photographed under direct daylight ad later examined under stereomicroscope. The images were compared and grossing was carried out. The grossed specimen were processed using standard procedure and histopathological diagnosis was made. Results: Compared to naked eye, the stereomicroscopic observation of specimens showed better details which helped in proper orientation of the specimen. Conclusion: Stereomicroscope aids as an adjuvant for proper orientation of the specimen which helps in arriving at an accurate final diagnosis.
Factors Influencing Paretic Upper Limb Use During First 4 Weeks After Stroke

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objective This study aimed to investigate factors related to paretic upper limb use within the first 4 wks after stroke. Design Sixty inpatients within 4 wks of first-time stroke were stratified by severity defined by Fugl-Meyer Upper Limb scores: severe = 0–22, moderate = 23–50, and mild = 51–66. All wore a wrist accelerometer on the paretic upper limb (24 hrs). Factors investigated were the following measures: upper limb motor impairment; mobility; balance; functional independence; sensory impairment; cognitive function; social factors; environmental restriction; and knowledge. Individual and multivariate quantile regression analyses were performed. Results Upper limb motor impairment, mobility, balance, functional independence, self-efficacy, and knowing how to use the paretic upper limb were significantly related to upper limb use across the three impairment groups (pseudo R2 = 0.079–0.492, P < 0.02). Multivariate regression showed the only significant factor in moderate and mild group was Fugl-Meyer Upper Limb score (moderate pseudo R2 = 0.55, mild pseudo R2 = 0.54, P < 0.001). For the severe group, Fugl-Meyer upper limb score and step count were significant (severe pseudo R2 = 0.47, P ≤ 0.030). Conclusions Upper limb motor impairment is significantly associated with paretic upper limb use across three impairment groups and step count with the severe group. Strategies to improve upper limb motor impairment and increase mobility may be required to increase upper limb use.
Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Studies on Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Mini-review of the Recent Evidence

Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) is an extremely transmittable microbial infection that has emerged in Wuhan (China) in late 2019, leading to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 syndrome, and caused a pandemic all over the globe. This study is a systematic review of all 927 clinical trial studies performed worldwide from the beginning of the COVID-19 mysterious pandemic in China. These researches have registered in different databases. According to the best of our knowledge, China (74.82%), the United States (4.49%), and France (2.72%) have the most significant number of clinical trials, respectively. Clinical trials can be randomized or nonrandomized. Due to our results, 32.58% of studies were randomized, and 7.12% were not randomized. Most of the studies were open-labeled studies (22.44%), and double-blinded (4.42%) and quadruple blinded (2.48%) studies stand in second and third place regarding the number of trials, respectively. The direction and quantity of clinical trials attempted to identify a possible cure for COVID-19 demonstrates the depth of this crisis. As we are writing this article, a significant international endeavor will find a cure or vaccine for containing this devastating and mysterious disease.
HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE WEST AFRICAN CLAM, Egeria radiata(Lammark, 1804) FROM McIver MARKET, WARRI, NIGERIA.

Samples ofEgeriaradiatawere purchased from local dealers in McIver market, Warri, Nigeria, to investigate the presence and concentrations of some heavy metals in order to ascertain the suitability of the clam for human consumption. Analyses using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) show that E. radiataaccumulated some heavy metals with the following sequence of concentration: Iron > Nickel> Lead > Copper > Arsenic > Manganese > Chromium > Cadmium > Mercury. The variability of heavy metals concentrat ion observed induring the period of study was affected by rainfall amount. A negative relationship between changes in rainfall and body weight of clams show that the higher the rainfall the lower the me an dry weight.Individual heavy metal diff ered significantly (P 0.05) by months. Out of the nine heavy metals found in E. radiatatissues, lead and cadmium were higher than the WHO/FAO set limit. E. radiatasold in McIver market during this period of study were contaminated with lead and cadmium and therefore not fit for consumption.
Length – weight relationship, Condition Factor and Reproductive Biology of Scomberomorus tritor (Cuvier 1832) from Tombo Coastal Water, Sierra Leone. *Olapade Olufemi J. and Sandy F. Richard

The length-weight relationships (LWR) and Fulton`s condition factor (K) are important biological relationships that have been widely used in fishery research consequently, this paper present the findings of the study on the length-weight relationship, condition factor and reproductive biology of Scomboromerus tritor in Tombo, Sierra Leone. Fish samples used composed of 19 males and 40 females having body length ranging from 18.32 – 43.42 cm and weighing between 65.32 – 209.24g. The parameter “a” and “b” of the length-weight relationship were estimated using the equation W=aL while the condition factor was calculated using Fulton equation K=100WL. The combined LWR for both sexes showed that a, b and rvalues were 0.8689, 1.4491 and 0.8242 respectively. The r-values obtained showed a strong linear relationship between the length and the weight of the species. The K values varied from 0.26 – 1.06 with a mean CF of 0.46 ± 0.302. The species exhibited negative allometric growth (b<3). Mean value of Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and Hepatosomatic index (HIS) was highest in October, November and December respectively indicating that these are the peak spawning period for the species. Males to females sex ratio was 1:2 and a Chi-square test indicated significant difference P (χ<3.841) from 1:1 sex ratio.
Theoretical Assessment of Ice Loading of Cables as a Function of their Torsional Stiffness

This paper deals with a 2-D numerical modeling of ice accretion on aerial cables and conductors. This model, which is then extended approximately to cover actual 3-D cases, is developed on a non-dimensional basis so that results can be easily transposed to a wide variety of ice density, span length, cable diameter and torsional stiffness. The model is used to predict the shape and volume of the accretion as a function of the ice precipitation height and the cable torsional stiffness. It is demonstrated that the ice load is always comprised between two limits resulting from accretion on a fixed rigid cylinder on the low side and a freely rotating cylinder on the high side, with actual cases standing in between according to decreasing torsional stiffness. It is also shown accordingly that spacered conductor bundles are much less prone to severe icing than similar single conductors.
UNPACKING THE SALES CROSS-FUNCTIONAL COLLABORATION: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL RECIPROCITY

Sales' cross-functional collaboration networks are essential to improve key performance results. Salespeople engage in cross-functional networks when be motivated to act as knowledge brokers, sharing and seeking information with colleagues throughout the organization. However, social network literature focuses only on the results of crossfunctional collaboration and does not discuss the factors that influence non-collaboration and the boundary conditions that encourage collaboration. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how organizational reciprocity influences the multiple foci of social identification (organizational and workgroup identifications) to increase the sales' cross-functional collaboration, which in turn, improves performance results. First, based on the social identity theory, we suggest that workgroup identification negatively affects sales' cross-functional collaboration and that organizational identification attenuate this negative effect. Second, based on the theory of reciprocity, we propose that perceived organizational reciprocity amplifies the moderating effect of organizational identification on the relationship between workgroup identification and sales' cross-functional collaboration. Based on the social network literature, we also argue that sales' cross-functional collaboration has positive effects on sales performance and relational performance. We conducted a field study at an agricultural equipment dealership. We used network data of the 81 salespeople to identify cross-functional collaboration. We performed multiple linear regressions to test the hypotheses. We confirmed all hypotheses, demonstrating the negative effect of workgroup identification on sales' cross-functional collaboration and how organizational identification was attenuated this negative effect. We demonstrated that perceived organizational reciprocity amplified the moderating effect of organizational identification on the relationship between workgroup identification and sales’ cross-functional collaboration. We also showed that sales' cross-functional collaboration increased sales and relational performances.
Nitrate reductase activity in tomato and cucumber leaves as influenced by NaCl and n source

Abstract The combined effects of NaCl and N nutrition (NO3 ‐ and NH4 ++NO3 ‐) on nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in intact tomato (Lvcopersicum esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings were studied. NRA decreased in leaves of both plant species as salinity increased. Within each salinity level, NRA increased with the external NO3 ‐ concentration. An interference of C1‐ on NO3 ‐ uptake was observed. Based on these results, it appears that the NRA was affected directly by the presence of excessive NaCl in the root media at least in two ways, by either interfering with the uptake of NO3 ‐ by roots, or by inhibiting the transport of NO3 ‐ from vacuole to cytosol. The effects were accentuated by the presence of NH4 + as N source.
The Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Hydrodynamics and Implications for Fishes

© Photocreo Bednarek / Adobe Stock ABSTRACT. We review the state of knowledge about offshore wind farm (OWF) development-related effects on hydrodynamics and their possible secondary effects on fishes derived from European studies. Theoretical, modeling, and observational studies of OWF developments are relatively advanced and identify potential impacts resulting from OWF changes to local or regional hydrodynamics through modification of (1) the wind fields, and (2) oceanographic parameters including turbulence, mixing, and vertical stratification. While limited, studies discuss local OWF (i.e., within the OWF footprint) impacts on fishes due to sediment resuspension or sedimentation, temperature change, nutrient transport, and substrate availability. These studies largely neglect possible effects further afield and generally conclude that any hydrodynamic impact of OWFs on fishes cannot be distinguished when compared to natural variability. To further understanding of the cumulative risk from extensive OWF developments requires additional research on OWF-related spillover effects on surrounding ecosystems and on natural oceanographic connectivity. The use of dynamic habitat or agentbased models coupled with refined hydrodynamic models can help quantify the scale of spatial and temporal effects of hydrodynamic cues on the movement of fishes and their habitats, which is not currently possible via conventional modeling, quantitative analysis approaches, or field-based observational studies and surveys. By Joshua van Berkel,
Dehulling characteristics, sensory and functional properties of flours from selected cowpea varieties

BACKGROUND: The knowledge of dehulling characteristics is very important in the selection of cowpeas for flour production. In this study the sensory and functional properties of cowpea flour as influenced by dehulling method (wet and dry/mechanical dehulling) and cowpea variety (white, maroon and mottled) were investigated. RESULTS: White cowpea showed a significantly different (P 97%) for all dehulling methods. Maroon and mottled cowpeas were poorly dehulled (DR 94%). The highest yield of flour was observed with white cowpea (80% for DD and 96% for WD). The beany odour intensity of flours was dependent on the method of dehulling used. Flour functionality was more significantly influenced by cowpea variety than by dehulling method. CONCLUSION: Dry dehulling could be recommended for cowpea flour production, as this method was found to be more effective on the selected cowpea varieties. Owing to the observed variation in flour functionality among cowpea varieties, the choice of a particular variety for flour production will depend on the intended use of the flour. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry