Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using a genetic risk score to estimate the earliest age of Alzheimer’s disease-related physiologic change in Body Mass Index

Weight loss is common in the years before an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis, likely due to changes in appetite and diet. The age at which this change in body mass index (BMI) emerges is unclear but may point to the earliest manifestations of AD, timing that may be important for identifying windows of intervention or risk reduction. We examined the association between AD genetic risk and cross-sectional BMI across adults in mid-to late-life as an innovative approach to determine the age at which BMI changes and may indicate preclinical AD.Observational studyUK Biobank407,386 UK Biobank non-demented participants aged 39-70 with Caucasian genetic ancestry enrolled 2007-2010.BMI (kg/m2) was constructed from height and weight measured during the initial visit. A genetic risk score for AD (AD-GRS) was calculated as a weighted sum of 23 genetic variants previously confirmed to be genome-wide significant predictors of AD (Z-scored). We evaluated whether the association of AD-GRS with BMI differed by age using linear regression with adjustment for sex and genetic ancestry, stratified by age grouping (40-60, 61+). We calculated the earliest age at which high AD-GRS predicted divergence in BMI compared to normal age-related BMI trends with linear and quadratic terms for age and interactions with AD-GRS.In 39-49 year olds, AD-GRS was not significantly associated with lower BMI (0.00 kg/m2 per SD in AD-GRS; 95%CI: -0.03,0.03). In 50-59 year olds AD-GRS was associated with lower BMI (-0.03 kg/m2 per 1 SD in AD-GRS; 95%CI:-0.06,-0.01) and this association was stronger in 60-70 year olds (-0.09 kg/m2 per 1 SD in AD-GRS; 95%CI:-0.12,-0.07). Model-based BMI age-curves for people with high versus low AD-GRS scores began to diverge after age 47.Genetic factors that increase AD risk begin to predict lower BMI in adults by age 50, with greater effect later in older ages. Weight loss may manifest as an early pathophysiologic change associated with AD.
Physical Therapy Patient Education for the Management of a Low Back Derangement Syndrome

The purpose of this study was to identify the content and design of physical therapy patient education programs recommended in the literature and to assess the consistency between those recommendations, the recommendations of physical therapy educators and the practices of physical therapist clinicians. A patient example was used as the focus of the patient education program. The patient example was classified as having a low back derangement syndrome. A national sample of 600 physical therapists was surveyed, and physical therapy educators from 20 professional education programs were interviewed. The surveys yielded data from 264 physical therapists, and 31 educators in physical therapy professional education programs were interviewed. The majority of research findings are equivocal or based on themanagement of nonspecific low back pain, and professional practice standards are consensus-based. As a result, definitive conclusions cannot not be drawn regarding an optimum patient education program for a low back derangement syndrome, and the major contribution of this study is a description of current practices. Although research support is mixed, a few patient education topics and teaching methods are suggested by all three data sources (literature, practicing physical therapists and physical therapy educators). These topics include education in the current condition and its risk factors; activity modification; posture/positioning; and patient-specific directional preference exercises. Teaching methods include individual training, verbal instruction and verbal instruction in conjunction with other methods.
Summer Monsoon Rainfall Patterns and Predictability over Southeast China

This study advances the use of the Self‐organizing Map (SOM) to identify the summer monsoon rainfall patterns over Southeast China (SEC), using 272 gauge records from May to August. Three distinct rain belts over the Huai River basin (HRB), the Lower Yangtze River basin (LYRB) and the South Coast region (SCR) are found. Their subseasonal variability strongly agrees with the northward progression of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) front in a stepwise fashion. We find that precipitation in the SCR and HRB rain belts exhibit significant changes in the mid‐1990s, while the 1990s is the most active decade for the LYRB rain belt. Promising predictability of average daily rainfall over these three regions is obtained, with about 39% to 50% of the total variance explained by the circulation informed regression models. Both leave‐one‐year‐out cross‐validation and blind prediction verify the regression performance. The western North Pacific Subtropical High phases, mid‐latitude blocking high anomaly over northeast China and upper‐level divergence in SEC are found to best explain the variability of the rain belts. The newly proposed Russia‐China wave patterns (western/central Russia → north of Tibetan Plateau → SEC) and teleconnection between the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and the rain belts also offer additional predictability. Findings from this work may advance the understanding of the EASM rain belts, and offer insights to the source of bias for numerical simulations of daily summer monsoon rainfall in the region.
Correlates of Organisational Commitment Among University Teachers in India: An Empirical Investigation

For the success of educational institutions (herein referred as an organisation), teachers’ commitment has, in particular, been recognised as an effectual route. As the educational system is the most influential spot that leads to the progress of society, it requires committed teachers who are not mere tools, but their strategic partners. This research study highlights the state of commitment of university teachers under various dimensions in India and explore whether there is any significant difference between selected demographics and the perception of teachers over their organisational commitment issues. The data were collected from full-time teachers working in selected universities of India. This study reveals that the majority of teachers possess continuance commitment, as they weigh the costs and risks associated with leaving the university and when given better alternatives, they may leave their institutions. Among the demographic variables, it was only the level of education that was found to be significantly affecting the commitment of university teachers. This study reveals that the teachers and the universities are engaged in give and take relationship. When teachers perceive high organisational engagement, they respond back with a greater commitment, perceiving them as an integral part of the organisation. They are more motivated and dedicated towards meeting and achieving organisational goals. Moreover, universities depend on committed teachers to create and sustain a competitive advantage and achieve superior performance.
Sequence and annotation of 42 cannabis genomes reveals extensive copy number variation in cannabinoid synthesis and pathogen resistance genes

Cannabis is a diverse and polymorphic species. To better understand cannabinoid synthesis inheritance and its impact on pathogen resistance, we shotgun sequenced and assembled a Cannabis trio (sibling pair and their offspring) utilizing long read single molecule sequencing. This resulted in the most contiguous Cannabis sativa assemblies to date. These reference assemblies were further annotated with full-length male and female mRNA sequencing (Iso-Seq) to help inform isoform complexity, gene model predictions and identification of the Y chromosome. To further annotate the genetic diversity in the species, 40 male, female, and monoecious cannabis and hemp varietals were evaluated for copy number variation (CNV) and RNA expression. This identified multiple CNVs governing cannabinoid expression and 82 genes associated with resistance to Golovinomyces chicoracearum, the causal agent of powdery mildew in cannabis. Results indicated that breeding for plants with low tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) concentrations may result in deletion of pathogen resistance genes. Low THCA cultivars also have a polymorphism every 51 bases while dispensary grade high THCA cannabis exhibited a variant every 73 bases. A refined genetic map of the variation in cannabis can guide more stable and directed breeding efforts for desired chemotypes and pathogen-resistant cultivars. Sequence and annotation of 42 cannabis genomes reveals extensive copy number variation in cannabinoid synthesis and pathogen resistance genes
Antiretroviral therapy clinic attendance among children aged 0-14 years in Kahama district , Tanzania : a cross-sectional study

Background: Efforts made to scale up care and treatment for HIV in Tanzania have started to pay off. The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) has massively increased owing to an increase in investment made. However, this is not reflected in all populations, especially children living with HIV. This study, therefore, aims to determine the magnitude and factors associated with ART uptake among children living with HIV in Kahama district, Tanzania. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among pairs of children aged 0-14 years and their caregivers. A total of 423 randomly selected caregivers of HIV-positive children were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The outcome variable was ART uptake while independent variables constituted of socio-demographic, health facility, and systemic factors. Results: A total of 132 (31%) of all caregivers reported to have missed at least one clinic visit for their children during a period of three months before the survey. Of them, one in four missed at least two clinics. Caregivers cited factors such as lack of transport fare and distance to the health facility as barriers to attend the planned clinics. After adjusting for the important confounders and other covariates, factors associated with ART uptake were being divorced/widowed (AOR= 0.57, 95% CI; 0.33-0.97) and having primary education or more (AOR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0, 82). Conclusion: One in every three HIV-positive children miss their scheduled routine ART clinics in Kahama, Shinyanga. Tailored interventions should target caregivers of such children who are divorced or widowed and those with low or no education while addressing distance and transportation challenges in this and other areas with similar contexts.
Intellectual capital disclosure and prospective student interest: an Indonesian perspectives

Abstract This study aims to describe the intellectual capital disclosure practices in the biggest Indonesian universities and to empirically examine the impact of intellectual capital disclosure on prospective student interest. Data were drawn from official website of Indonesian universities. The result indicates that from 30 samples of universities, there are no university has fully disclosed their intellectual capital indicator. Actually, besides of human capital information, the universities tend to report their relational capital which indirectly describes university’s achievements and excellences. Based on Warp-PLS results shows that intellectual capital disclosure has a positive impact on prospective student interest. Regardless of its limitations, this study has practical implications for the decisions taken by universities in choosing what information will be presented on their website.
A follow up study of postpartum intrauterine device insertion in a tertiary health care centre

Background: In view of high rate of unintended pregnancy in our country, particularly in post-partum women, there is a need for reliable, effective and long-term contraception such as intrauterine device (IUCD) in post-partum women. This study was done to determine the efficacy and safety of Post-Partum Intrauterine Device (PPIUCD) and to compare the outcomes of PPIUCD insertion after vaginal delivery and caesarean section. Methods: This follow up study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. R.M. L Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi over a period of 7 month from January 2016 to July 2016. PPIUCD (cu T- 380 A) insertions were done in 136 women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Women having haemoglobin less than 8 gm%, rupture of membranes more than 18 hours, obstructed labour, Uterine anomalies, distorted uterine cavity by fibroid, significant postpartum haemorrhage, coagulation disorders, fever or clinical symptoms of infection during labour were excluded from the study. Post insertion counselling was done, and these women were advised to follow up at 6 weeks and then after 6 months postpartum in the family planning O.P.D. At the follow-up visit, the women were asked for any symptoms of unusual vaginal discharge, irregular or heavy bleeding per vagina, and any expulsions if noticed. Results: Total number of cases that reported for follow up in family planning OPD was 118. Therefore, 18 patients were lost in the follow up. In 58.47% women, there was no complaint. Heavy menstrual bleeding was found in 17.79% women and pelvic pain in 16.10% women. The expulsion rate was 5.08% and IUCD removal was done in 12.71% women. Though, the incidence of expulsion and removal rate was more in vaginal insertions than in caesarean insertions but this difference was not statistically significant, while the incidence of missing threads were found more in intra caesarean insertion (28% vs. 11.76% with p value <0.05). Continuation rate at 6 month was 82.20%. Conclusions: PPIUCD insertion is a safe, convenient and effective method of contraception. Although the expulsion rate and removal rate was more in vaginal PPIUCD insertions, the benefits of providing highly effective contraception immediately after delivery outweigh this disadvantage, particularly in our country where most of the women do not come for contraceptive advice after delivery.
Effect of Hippocratea africana Root Bark Extract on the Pituitary-Gonadal Hormones of Female Wistar Rats

The problem of druginduced reproductive failure termed infertility necessitated this study on the effect of Hippocratea africana (HA) root bark extract used traditionally in the treatment of malaria in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria on the pituitarygonadal hormones. Twenty-four sexually matured female rats of Wistar strain weighing between 100 190g were used for this study. They were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each and allowed to acclimatize for one week. They were fed standard grower mash and water was allowed ad libitum. Group 1 (control) were administered 1ml of distilled water. Groups II, III and IV (test groups) were administered 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of HA root bark extract respectively for fourteen days orally using a cannula. There was a dose dependent increase concentration that was not significant (P>0.05) compared with the control for Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Prolactin recorded a dose dependent non-significant (P>0.05) decrease concentration between test groups II and III and a non-significant (P>0.05) increase in test group IV compared with the control. There was a non-dose dependent increase in the concentrations of Estradiol and Progesterone for all test groups, with statistical significance (P<0.05) recorded in group IV compared with the control. The ovaries of all the test groups did not show any pathological condition. There was significant (P<0.05) increase in ovary weight of test groups III and IV compared with the control but the ovaries weight as percentage body weight for all the test groups animals were not significant (P>0.05) compared with the control. The result showed that Hippocreatea africana root bark extract boosted the pituitary gland to produce the necessary reproductive hormones. It can therefore be concluded that there was no negative distortion of the pituitary gonadal hormones suggesting a nourishing effect of the herb on the endocrine system. The intact reproductive tissues in all the test groups’ ovaries also suggest that the herb did not induce any oxidative stress on the ovaries. This may be due to the rich phytochemical present in the herb. A worrisome observed increase concentration of prolactin at higher dose though not significant raises a concern that very high concentration may regulate the oestrus cycle, conception and reproduction. Its use therefore as antiplasmodial agent is advised but with caution.
SELF-MEDICATION AMONG ADULT POPULATION IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

Objective: Self-medication is a common practice and an important health issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of self-medication practice, patterns of use, self-medication attitudes, and to explore the occurrence of side effects resulting from self-medication practice among the adult population in Selangor, Malaysia. Methods : This cross-sectional survey used a validated questionnaire administered to adults 18 y and above residing in Selangor. Results : A total of 401 completed questionnaires were analyzed. The majorities of the participants were Malay (91.5%) and went to college or university (89.3%). One-third self-medicated in the past two weeks prior to the survey. Self-medication was significantly associated with age (p=0.009) and race (p=0.038). Among the respondents, 83.8% would search for information before practicing self-medication. Modern healthcare professionals (58.4%) and the internet (47.1%) were the most common source of information about drugs for self-medication. The main reason for self-medication was the illness perceived as minor (79.1%). Two-thirds of the respondents (66.6%) had a satisfactory attitude towards self-medication practices. Conclusion: The public needs to be better informed on responsible self-medication to ensure safe, effective, and rational use of medicines.
Using the Balanced Scorecard Perspectives to Measure the Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Jordan

This research evaluates the use of Balanced Scorecard (BSC), introduced by Kaplan & Norton in the early 1990s, to measure the performance of Jordanian manufacturing companies. For this, the quantitative design was used. Data was collected through a questionnaire from a sample of forty manufacturing companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange in 2018. The four perspectives (customer, internal process, learning and growth, and financial) were examined. Results reveal that indicators in the financial perspective for Jordanian manufacturing companies only include the traditional financial criteria (e.g., ROA, ROE). It shows that the primary strategy for Jordanian manufacturing companies from a financial perspective is to meet their pre-determined objectives of profit. The Jordanian manufacturing companies show a slight inclination for attempting to improve their financial results. Furthermore and due to the limited resources and high competition, Jordanian manufacturing companies should formulate their strategies based on both financial and non-financial measures suitable for them. Although, this study provides an overview application of BSC in Jordanian manufacturing companies and highlights the need for further research.
Expression of roundabout receptor family members 1 and 2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and correlation with clinical and pathological parameters

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether there is a role of ROBO-1, ROBO-2 and TGM-3 gene expression levels in the development of laryngeal cancer. Patients and Methods: The study was completed with 29 patients who underwent total or partial laryngectomy due to squamouscell laryngeal cancer. Gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Expression ratios were transformed into fold changes and reported as relative expression. Obtained fold changes were compared between different tumor grades in addition to normal tissue samples. Results: The ROBO-1, ROBO-2 and TGM-3 genes were expressed at a lower level than the control group. Conclusion: Our study results showed that there was no correlation between ROBO-1, ROBO-2 and TGM-3 gene expression and development of laryngeal cancer.
Fusarium solani infection after antimicrobial treatment of a severe bacterial peritonitis: a case report and review of the literature

Fungal peritonitis is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. This infection has been reported to be mostly caused by Candida species, and less frequently by a variety of other yeasts and moulds, such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium spp. are commonly isolated from soil, plants and environmental surfaces, and rarely from non-immunosuppressed subjects. In this report, author describe a case of infection caused by Fusarium solani in a 59-year-old man undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The fungus was recovered from cultures of peritoneal dialysate and the pathogen identification was carried out by mass spectrometry. The patient's outcome was favorable without complications after liposomal amphotericin B treatment along with peritoneal dialysis catheter removal.
Nasal carriage of sequence type 22 MRSA and livestock-associated ST398 clones in Tangier, Morocco.

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to provide data of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage as well as to determine the genetic lineages of this circulating MRSA in the Tangier community. METHODOLOGY Between 2012 and 2013 two subpopulations consisting of randomly chosen healthy volunteers and outpatients in 11 healthcare facilities were screened. The antibiotic resistance phenotype was determined by disk diffusion. Toxin Panton-Valentin Leukocidin (PVL), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 gene (tst), and mecA were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nasal swabs were obtained from persons with no identified risk factors for MRSA acquisition. MRSA molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec, and Staphylococcus protein A (spa) typing. RESULTS A total of400 subjects (33.3%) were nasally colonized with S. aureus, and 17 (1.4%) were nasal carriers of MRSA. The analysis did not identify age, gender, and the two subpopulations as predictors for MRSA colonization. MRSA were more likely to harbor the tst gene (p < 0.05). This work highlighted a low prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage, with 52.94% belonging to sequence type (ST) ST22. The remaining isolates were distributed as singletons (ST8, ST1, and ST398), whereas approximately one-third of MRSA was not identified, including three novel spa-types (t13247, t13248, and t13249). CONCLUSIONS Although we highlighted the current clones present in the Tangier community, they are limited in space and time. Therefore, further studies would be required to obtain a comprehensive picture of the dissemination of MRSA in the community, hospital, and livestock.