Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect Of Addition Of L-Ascorbic Acid To Wheat Bread Dough On Blood Glucose Response, Glycemic Index And Glycemic Load In Normal Subject

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) as improver in bread on blood glucose response (BGR), Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) in healthy subjects. Three concentration of ascorbic acid namely, 5ppm, 10ppm and 15 ppm concentration were added to Ab-Graib wheat flour of 72 and 90% extraction in making local flat bread. Chemical composition of flour and produced bread and sensory properties were determined in order to assess the quantity of bread intake by Volunteers (Undergraduate and Graduate students in collage of Agriculture and forestry, University of Mosul) with BMI between 20-24 Kg/m2. Results show that bread samples which fortified by ascorbic acid had good and acceptable sensory properties. Both GI and GL were reduced in both 72 and 90% wheat flour extraction rate. The effect of addition of ascorbic acid in decreasing GI and GL was more in bread made from 90% flour extraction than bread made from 72% flour extraction, and this may be because of the more dietary fibers that 90% flour extraction contained. It was concluded that addition of ascorbic acid in précised quantity resulted in decreasing GI of bread made of 72 and 90% flour extractions with minimal increasing in higher concentrations. the aim of this research was to study the effect of adding ascorbic acid as an enhancer to local flatbread on blood glucose response and glucose index in normal humans.
Role of Derivatives Ciprofloxacin on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: In Silico Approach

Introduction: chronic myeloid leukemia is one of the major diseases, which cause death worldwide. Tyrosine kinase is responsible for uncontrolled cell growth and block its function. Its inhibition is a promising route to control the out of control grow of cells. The purpose of our study involves docking of human Abl kinase with seven ciprofloxacin derivatives and the comparison of results free energy binding with positive control (Imatinib). Methods: the present study aims to examine the interactions between human Abl kinase(2HYY) domain retrieved from protein data bank and seven ciprofloxacin derivatives in comparison with imatinib as a reference. The analysis was performed using Autodock vina Implicated in the PyRx 0.8 tool. Results: docking revealed that, according to their free binding energy imatinib still have the lowest binding energy followed by CHOCP and MPCP. In silico ADMET predictions revealed that except DMOCP all other compounds had toxic effects. Conclusion: these compounds may not serve as a potential inhibitor due to their high free energy binding and their toxicity in comparison with imatinib.
Resin-Based Bulk-Fill Composites: Tried and Tested, New Trends, and Evaluation Compared to Human Dentin

A more-and-more-accepted alternative to the time-consuming and technique-sensitive, classic, incremental-layering technique of resin-based composites (RBCs) is their placement in large increments. The so-called bulk-fill RBCs had to be modified for a higher polymerization depth and already have a 20-year history behind them. From the initial simple mechanisms of increasing the depth of cure by increasing their translucency, bulk-fill RBCs have evolved into complex materials with novel polymerization mechanisms and bioactive properties. However, since the materials are intended to replace the tooth structure, they must be comparable in mechanical behavior to the substance they replace. The study compares already established bulk-fill RBCs with newer, less-studied materials and establishes their relationship to dentin with regard to basic material properties such as hardness and indentation modulus. Instrumented indentation testing enables a direct comparison of tooth and material substrates and provides clinically relevant information. The results underline the strong dependence of the measured properties on the amount of filler in contrast to the small influence of the material classes into which they are classified. The main difference of RBCs compared to dentin is a comparable hardness but a much lower indentation modulus, emphasizing further development potential.
Generalized Coarse-to-Fine Visual Recognition with Progressive Training

Computer vision is difficult, partly because the desired mathematical function connecting input and output data is often complex, fuzzy and thus hard to learn. Coarse-to-fine (C2F) learning is a promising direction, but it remains unclear how it is applied to a wide range of vision problems. This paper presents a generalized C2F framework by making two technical contributions. First, we provide a unified way of C2F propagation, in which the coarse prediction (a class vector, a detected box, a segmentation mask, etc.) is encoded into a dense (pixel-level) matrix and concatenated to the original input, so that the fine model takes the same design of the coarse model but sees additional information. Second, we present a progressive training strategy which starts with feeding the ground-truth instead of the coarse output into the fine model, and gradually increases the fraction of coarse output, so that at the end of training the fine model is ready for testing. We also relate our approach to curriculum learning by showing that data difficulty keeps increasing during the training process. We apply our framework to three vision tasks including image classification, object localization and semantic segmentation, and demonstrate consistent accuracy gain compared to the baseline training strategy.
Remainder terms in the fractional Sobolev inequality

We show that the fractional Sobolev inequality for the embedding $\H \hookrightarrow L^{\frac{2N}{N-s}}(\R^N)$, $s \in (0,N)$ can be sharpened by adding a remainder term proportional to the distance to the set of optimizers. As a corollary, we derive the existence of a remainder term in the weak $L^{\frac{N}{N-s}}$-norm for functions supported in a domain of finite measure. Our results generalize earlier work for the non-fractional case where $s$ is an even integer.
A Codazzi-like equation and the singular set for C1 smooth surfaces in the Heisenberg group

Abstract In this paper, we study the structure of the singular set for a C1 smooth surface in the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group ℍ1. We discover a Codazzi-like equation for the p-area element along the characteristic curves on the surface. Information obtained from this ordinary differential equation helps us to analyze the local configuration of the singular set and the characteristic curves. In particular, we can estimate the size and obtain the regularity of the singular set. We understand the global structure of the singular set through a Hopf-type index theorem. We also justify the Codazzi-like equation by proving a fundamental theorem for local surfaces in ℍ1.
Evolution of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars - III. Dust production at supersolar metallicities

We extend the formalism presented in our recent calculations of dust ejecta from the Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch (TP-AGB) phase, to the case of super-solar metallicity stars. The TP-AGB evolutionary models are computed with the colibri code. We adopt our preferred scheme for dust growth. For M-giants, we neglect chemisputtering by H2 molecules and, for C-stars we assume a homogeneous growth scheme which is primarily controlled by the carbon over oxygen excess. At super-solar metallicities, dust forms more effi ciently and silicates tend to condense significantly closer to the photosphere ( r ∼ 1.5 R∗) ‐ and thus at higher temperatures and densities ‐ than at solar and sub-solar metallicities ( r∼ 2-3 R∗). In such conditions, the hypothesis of thermal decoupling between gas and dust becomes questionable, while dust heating due to collisions plays an important role. The heating mechanism delays dust condensation to slightly outer regions in the circumstellar envelope. We find that the same mechanism is not significant at solar and sub-so lar metallicities. The main dust products at super-solar metallicities are sil icates. We calculate the total dust ejecta and dust-to-gas ejecta, for various values of th e stellar initial masses and initial metallicities Z = 0.04, 0.06. Merging these new calculations with those for lower metallicities it turns out that, contrary to what often assumed, the total dust-to-gas ejecta of intermediate-mass stars exhibit only a weak dependence on the initial metal content.
Beauville structures in $p$-central quotients

We prove a conjecture of Boston that if p ≥ 5, all p-central quotients of the free group on two generators and of the free product of two cyclic groups of order p are Beauville groups. In the case of the free product, we also determine Beauville structures in p-central quotients when p = 3. As a consequence, we give an explicit infinite family of Beauville 3-groups, which is different from the only one that was known up to date.
First cosmological results using Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: measurement of the Hubble constant

We present an improved measurement of the Hubble constant (H0) using the ‘inverse distance ladder’ method, which adds the information from 207 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) at redshift 0.018 < z < 0.85 to existing distance measurements of 122 low-redshift (z < 0.07) SNe Ia (Low-z) and measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs). Whereas traditional measurements of H0 with SNe Ia use a distance ladder of parallax and Cepheid variable stars, the inverse distance ladder relies on absolute distance measurements from the BAOs to calibrate the intrinsic magnitude of the SNe Ia. We find H0 = 67.8 ± 1.3 km s−1 Mpc−1 (statistical and systematic uncertainties, 68 per cent confidence). Our measurement makes minimal assumptions about the underlying cosmological model, and our analysis was blinded to reduce confirmation bias. We examine possible systematic uncertainties and all are below the statistical uncertainties. Our H0 value is consistent with estimates derived from the Cosmic Microwave Background assuming a ΛCDM universe.
Regularity and convergence rates for the Lyapunov exponents of linear co-cycles

We study linear co-cycles in GL(d,R) (or C) depending on a parameter (in a Lipschitz or Holder fashion) and establish Holder regularity of the Lyapunov exponents for the shift dynamics on the base. We also obtain rates of convergence of the finite volume exponents to their infinite volume limits. The technique is that developed jointly with Michael Goldstein for Schroedinger co-cycles. In particular, we extend the Avalanche Principle, which had been formulated originally for SL(2,R) co-cycles, to GL(d,R).
ON A CERTAIN LOCAL IDENTITY FOR LAPID–MAO’S CONJECTURE AND FORMAL DEGREE CONJECTURE : EVEN UNITARY GROUP CASE

Abstract Lapid and Mao formulated a conjecture on an explicit formula of Whittaker–Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms on quasi-split reductive groups and metaplectic groups as an analogue of the Ichino–Ikeda conjecture. They also showed that this conjecture is reduced to a certain local identity in the case of unitary groups. In this article, we study the even unitary-group case. Indeed, we prove this local identity over p-adic fields. Further, we prove an equivalence between this local identity and a refined formal degree conjecture over any local field of characteristic zero. As a consequence, we prove a refined formal degree conjecture over p-adic fields and get an explicit formula of Whittaker–Fourier coefficients under certain assumptions.
Nucleon Resonances with Hidden Charm in Coupled-Channel Models

The model dependence of the predictions of nucleon resonances with hidden charm is investigated. We consider several coupled-channel models which are derived from relativistic quantum field theory by using (1) a unitary transformation method, and (2) the three-dimensional reductions of Bethe-Salpeter Equation. With the same vector meson exchange mechanism, we find that all models give very narrow molecular-like nucleon resonances with hidden charm in the mass range of 4.3 GeV < MR < 4.5 GeV, in consistent with the previous predictions.
The Small Scale Structure of Spacetime

Several lines of evidence hint that quantum gravity at very small distances may be effectively two-dimensional. I summarize the evidence for such “spontaneous dimensional reduction,” and suggest an additional argument coming from the strong-coupling limit of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. If this description proves to be correct, it suggests a fascinating relationship between small-scale quantum spacetime and the behavior of cosmologies near an asymptotically silent singularity.
A model for the cosmological evolution of low-frequency radio sources

We present a new evolutionary model that describes the population properties of radio sources at frequencies ≲5 GHz, thus complementing the De Zotti et al. model, holding at higher frequencies. We find that simple analytic luminosity evolution is still sufficient to fit the wealth of available data on local luminosity functions, multifrequency source counts and redshift distributions. However, the fit requires a luminosity-dependent decline of source luminosities at high redshifts, at least for steep-spectrum sources, thus confirming earlier indications of a ‘downsizing’ also for radio sources. The upturn of source counts at sub-mJy levels is accounted for by a straightforward extrapolation, using the empirical far-infrared (far-IR)/radio correlation, of evolutionary models matching the far-IR counts and redshift distributions of star-forming galaxies. We also discuss the implications of the new model for the interpretation of data on large-scale clustering of radio sources and on the integrated Sachs–Wolfe (ISW) effect, and for the investigation of the contribution of discrete sources to the extragalactic background. As for the ISW effect, a new analysis, exploiting a very clean cosmic microwave background map, yields at a substantially higher significance than reported before.
One-sided FKPP travelling waves in the context of homogeneous fragmentation processes

In this paper we introduce the one-sided FKPP equation in the context of homogeneous fragmentation processes. The main result of the present paper is concerned with the existence and uniqueness of one-sided FKPP travelling waves in this setting. Moreover, we prove some analytic properties of such travelling waves. Our techniques make use of fragmentation processes with killing, an associated product martingale as well as various properties of L\'evy processes.
On the Cluster Nature and Quantization of Geometric $R$-Matrices

We define cluster $R$-matrices as sequences of mutations in triangular grid quivers on a cylinder, and show that the affine geometric $R$-matrix of symmetric power representations for the quantum affine algebra $U_q^\prime(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}_n)$ can be obtained from our cluster $R$-matrix. A quantization of the affine geometric $R$-matrix is defined, compatible with the cluster structure. We construct invariants of the quantum affine geometric $R$-matrix as quantum loop symmetric functions.
Convergence of lacunary SU(1, 1)-valued trigonometric products

This note attempts to study lacunary trigonometric products with values in the matrix group SU(1, 1) in analogy with lacunary trigonometric series. The central questions are the characterization of their convergence in an appropriately defined L-metric and the characterization of their convergence almost everywhere. These can be interpreted as nonlinear analogues of the classical results by Zygmund and Kolmogorov.
Utility Maximization for IRS Assisted Wireless Powered Mobile Edge Computing and Caching (WP-MECC) Networks

This paper exploits an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted wireless powered mobile edge computing and caching (WP-MECC) network. In particular, an IRS is utilized to reflect energy signals from a power station (PS) to various IoT devices for energy harvesting during uplink wireless energy transfer (WET). These devices collect energy to support their own partially local computing for computational tasks and their offloading capabilities to an access point (AP), with the help of IRS via time or frequency division multiple access (TDMA or FDMA). The AP is equipped with a local cache connected with a MEC server via a backhaul link, which prefetches the data to facilitate edge computing capabilities. The maximization of a utility function is formulated to evaluate the overall network performance, which is defined as the difference between the sum of computational bits (offloading bits and local computing bits) and total backhaul cost. Due to multiple coupled variables, we first design the optimal caching strategy. Then, an auxiliary vector is introduced to coordinate the energy consumption of local computing and offloading, where its optimal solution can be achieved by an exhaustive search. Moreover, we utilize the Lagrange dual method and the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to derive the optimal time scheduling for the TDMA scheme or the optimal bandwidth allocation for the FDMA counterpart in closed form. The IRS phase shifts are iteratively designed by employing the quadratic transformation (QT) and the Riemannian Manifold Optimization (RMO). Finally, simulation results are demonstrated to validate the network utility performance and confirm the advantage of the employment of IRS, the optimal IRS phase shift design and caching strategy, in comparison to the benchmark schemes.
Inversion of Rankin–Cohen operators via Holographic Transform

The analysis of branching problems for restriction of representations brings the concept of symmetry breaking transform and holographic transform. Symmetry breaking operators decrease the number of variables in geometric models, whereas holographic operators increase it. Various expansions in classical analysis can be interpreted as particular occurrences of these transforms. From this perspective, we investigate two remarkable families of differential operators: the Rankin-Cohen operators and the holomorphic Juhl conformally covariant operators. Then we establish for the corresponding symmetry breaking transforms the Parseval-Plancherel type theorems and find explicit inversion formulae with integral expression of holographic operators. The proof uses the F-method which provides a duality between symmetry breaking operators in the holomorphic model and holographic operators in the $L^2$-model, leading us to deep links between special orthogonal polynomials and branching laws for infinite-dimensional representations of real reductive Lie groups.
N\'eron models and the height jump divisor

We define an algebraic analogue, in the case of jacobians of curves, of the height jump divisor introduced recently by R. Hain. We give explicit combinatorial formulae for the height jump for families of semistable curves using labelled reduction graphs. With these techniques we prove a conjecture of Hain on the effectivity of the height jump, and also give a new proof of a theorem of Tate, Silverman and Green on the variation of heights in families of abelian varieties.
AI-Powered Toolkit for Automated Swallowing Kinematics Analysis in X-Ray Videofluoroscopy

Dysphagia or swallowing dysfunction is any impairment in the swallowing function that may cause difficulty or discomfort in initiating or transferring the bolus from the oral cavity into the stomach. Dysphagia can cause the bolus to reroute into the airway, known as aspiration, which can lead to more adverse outcomes such as pneumonia or even death. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) is the gold standard procedure for dysphagia diagnosis. In VFSS, trained clinicians calculate swallowing kinematics and inspect pathophysiological processes in a frame-by-frame manner. Though effective, VFSS evaluation is time-consuming, prone to subjectivity in judgment, and human error. In this study, we present a cascaded pipeline that employs various deep learning algorithms to automate VFSS analysis to identify swallowing abnormalities. The pipeline initially segments the VFSS video into static and dynamic frames which include all the relevant features of swallowing for the subsequent VFSS analysis tasks. These tasks include pharyngeal swallow segmentation, hyoid bone tracking, bolus segmentation, and aspiration detection. The pipeline starts with a shallow neural network (NN) that differentiates between static and dynamic VFSS frames with a 98% accuracy using spatio-temporal features from TV-L1 optical flow. Then, a Single Shot Multi-box Detector (SSD) model localizes the hyoid bone body with a mean average precision (mAP) of 40% at an intersection over union (IOU) of 0.5 in a fast and beyond average performance even when the hyoid bone is occluded by the mandible. So far, the developed automated pipeline has shown comparable performance to the manual analysis performed by trained clinicians.
Perspective of Critical Factors toward Successful Public–Private Partnerships for Emerging Economies

In the last decades, Albania has started the implementation of a new practice which is partnership with the private sector, named public–private partnership (PPP), due to the inabilities of the public sector to fulfill all its public needs. This represents a crucial ratio related to economic development and the struggle for a fair and transparent implementation process. Critical success factors (CSF) are the significant elements in the partnership which, if properly identified, provide success in implementation. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to highlight the factors which increase the chances of a successful implementation of PPPs in Albania and the items which contribute to each factor. The data used for the analysis were gained through 175 surveys conducted with people working in private and public institutions engaged in PPP. Of the main CSFs, the identification of the right project is ranked most critical to the success of PPP followed by financial capacity, trust, openness and fairness between parties, negotiation and defined revenue stream. The study findings further suggest that the accountability mechanism should be enforced in order for the public sector to act in accordance with the public interest. It is concluded that the findings of the study will guide the PPP stakeholders on the CSFs of PPPs in Albania.