Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital economy and financial inclusion in reviving the national economy: A Management Strategy

Insurance firms must allocate additional financial resources to account for the potential default of many businesses. The Indonesian government is likewise facing financial challenges, resulting in the reallocation of funds from the health and immunization budget. The fiscal responsibility of the state in relation to activities aimed at economic recovery is increasing. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the economic and financial theories employed in formulating the National Economic Recovery strategy to elucidate the obtained outcomes. The present study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing a literature review methodology. The focus of this study encompasses start-up enterprises and individuals with digital funding accounts. The research findings indicate that the digital economy and ecosystem, bolstered by enhanced financial inclusion, can potentially expedite the National Economic Recovery process.
Surface‐wave propagation across the Mexican Volcanic Belt and the origin of the long‐period seismic‐wave amplification in the Valley of Mexico

A network of nine broad-band seismographs was operated from March to May 1994 to study the propagation of seismic waves across the Mexican Volcanic Belt (MVB) in the region of the Valley of Mexico. Analysis of the data from the network reveals an amplification of seismic waves in a wide period band al the stations situated in the southern part of the MVB. The group velocities of the fundamental mode of the Rayleigh wave in the period range 2–13 s are found to be lower in the southern part of the MVB than in its northern part and in the region south of the MVB. The inversion of dispersion curves shows that the difference in group velocities is due to the presence of a superficial low-velocity layer (with an average S-wave velocity of 1.7 km s-1 and an average thickness of 2 km) beneath the southern part of the MVB. This low-velocity zone is associated with the region of active volcanism. Numerical simulations show that this superficial low-velocity layer causes a regional amplification of 8–10 s period signals, which is of the same order as the amplification measured from the data. This layer also increases the signal duration significantly because of the dispersion of the surface waves. These results confirm the hypothesis of Singh et al. (1995), who suggested that the regional amplification observed in the Valley of Mexico is due to the anomalously low shear-wave velocity of the shallow volcanic rocks in the southern MVB
Acceleration of Ulcer Healing by Local Application of Myrrh Oil: An Experimental Study

Background: Oral mucosa refers to the mucous membrane that lines the tissues within the oral cavity. Wound healing is an essential physiological process that involves the collaboration of numerous cell strains and their products to restore damage caused by a local aggressor. This process begins very early in the inﬂammatory phase and ﬁnishes with tissue repair. Myrrh oil has an anti-inﬂammatory eﬀect on wound contraction, re-epithelization, early neovascularization, and increased collagen density. Objectives: To evaluate the eﬀectiveness of myrrh oil in rats oral mucosal ulcer healing. Materials and methods: 36 adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) of about 250–300 g of weight and an age of about 2–3 months were used in this experimental study. The practical part of this study lasted two months (June–July 2022) in the private animals’ house of Al-Dhyaa in Baghdad City, Iraq. The traumatic ulcer, with an 8 mm diameter and 1 mm depth was made on the right cheek mucosa by using a round diamond bur. The ulcer was treated once daily with a single topical dosage of 10 L of sterile distilled water (control Group). While in the myrrh oil Group, the ulcer was managed once a day with a micropipette dose of 10 ml of 1 mg/ml of myrrh oil. Animals were sacriﬁced after ulceration with general anesthesia over healing periods 1, 3, and 7 days. Histological analysis was performed by calculating the average wound contraction size, inﬂammatory cells and epithelial cells, and blood vessels. On days 1, 3, and 7 of the healing process, Van Gieson stain and Periodic Acid-Schiﬀ stain were used to organise collagen ﬁbre deposition and extracellular matrix production in all of the groups that were looked at. Results: Histological ﬁndings of an induced oral ulcer treated with daily application of myrrh oil showed more epithelization, reduced inﬂammation, increased angiogenesis, and decreased healing time in comparison to the control Group. The histochemical ﬁndings showed a signiﬁcant diﬀerence in collagen ﬁbers synthesis and extracellular matrix formation in myrrh oil in comparison to the control Group. Conclusion: Myrrh oil is more eﬀective in promoting the healing of ulcers than the control Group.
Remineralization Potential of Grape Seed Extract Versus Fluoride Mouthwash in Management of Post-Orthodontic White Spot Lesions: A 6m Randomized Clinical Trial

Aim: This study compared the remineralization potential of grape seed extract vs sodium fluoride mouthwash in adult patients with postorthodontic white spot lesions assessed with DIAGNOdent after six months. Materials and methods: A total of 14 participants with 40 lesions received mouthwashes randomly using either; grape seed extract 15% or sodium fluoride (1000 ppm), the participants were asked to use the mouthwash twice daily. The teeth were evaluated with DIAGNOdent after 1, 3 & 6 months. After 6 months, patient satisfaction was also recorded by using a binary questionnaire. Results: Regarding DIAGNOdent scores, 6 months intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences (P=0.0198) for grape seed extract, and a statistically significant difference between different follow-up periods was found in intragroup comparisons within grape seed extract or sodium fluoride (P=0.0001). Regarding patient satisfaction, after 6 months, there was no statistically significant difference between the two materials (P = 0.5302). Conclusion: Both mouthwashes showed a potential remineralizing effect on post-orthodontic white spot lesions in the early testing periods, while grape seed extract mouthwash has a beneficial influence after 6 months. Clinical significance: Using grape seed extract as a natural remineralizing agent to treat early enamel carious lesions has the potential to be a viable approach.
Evaluating the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Moisture within the Brightwater Creek, Saskatchewan, Canada

Evaluating the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Moisture within the Brightwater Creek, Saskatchewan, Canada Travis Burns Advisor: University of Guelph, 2015 Dr. Aaron Berg Committee Member: Dr. Jaclyn Cockburn Soil moisture has been shown to be strongly coupled to many environmental processes. Satellite missions capable of global soil moisture retrieval have recently launched which will supply data to model these applications. Satellite missions will need to utilize in-situ soil moisture networks to calibrate and validate retrievals. This research evaluates two procedures in order to identify which produces the lowest probe measurement error. The dry-down procedure was superior to the wet-up procedure across all samples. This study is important to researchers who want to achieve the lowest possible soil moisture measurement error. This research also characterises spatial and temporal soil moisture variability within the Brightwater Creek watershed by using statistical and geo-statistical methods. Soil moisture spatial variability is controlled primarily by rainfall variability and mean soil wetness at the study scale with longer temporal autocorrelation in deeper layers. These results have importance for satellite calibration and validation missions as well as for model parameterization.
Occurrence, distribution and diversity of microflora in the intertidal mudflats and sandbars of the Cross River Estuary, Nigeria

A comparative study was carried out on the occurrence, distribution and diversity of microflora in the intertidal mudflats and sandbars at the Nsidung Beach end of the Cross River Estuary, Nigeria between February and April, 2009. Samples were analysed within six hours of collection. Identification of microflora was based on standard identification guides and texts. Altogether, 16 microflora taxa belonging to 13 genera and 5 divisions were identified. Over eighty five percent of the microflora was recorded in the mudflats while 14.0% were identified in the sandbars. Diversity indices of 1.69 and 1.59 were obtained for the mudflats and sandbars, respectively. Results of the study are discussed in relation to the differential nutrient entrapment and retention capacities of the mudflats and sandbars in the estuary.
Evidence for a second species of the ichthyosaur Platypterygius in North America: a new record from the Loon River Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of northwestern Canada

To date, all Cretaceous ichthyosaur material from North America has been referred to the species Platypterygius americanus. This species is generally identified based on skull and paddle morphology, but all non-diagnostic material from North America has been assigned to this species. A new Lower Cretaceous ichthyosaur from the Loon River Formation at Hay River, Northwest Territories, Canada, is described here. The specimen in question consists of the anterior portion of a large ichthyosaur, of which only the pectoral girdle is well preserved. It is assignable to Platypterygius, but is inconsistent with P. americanus based on paddle morphology. It shares most similarities with European and Australian species; unfortunately, it cannot be definitively assigned to any one taxon because of poor preservation of the skull. This specimen increases our knowledge of the diversity of North American Cretaceous ichthyosaurs, and suggests that the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway was capable of sustaining a large tax.
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity in vitro of the trunk bark of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl (Burseraceae)

The high incidence of infectious diseases and the emergence of resistance to modern drugs are current public health concerns. This situation leads to the search for alternatives via medicinal plants. To investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic extract of Canarium schweinfurthii trunk bark commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various pathologies. The primary phytochemical study was performed on hydro alcoholic extract of the trunk bark dried in the shade. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using ferric reducing power and the free radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the antibacterial test and MIC was determined by using dilution methods against twenty-two strains of bacteria. The phytochemical screening has shown the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids and steroids. The antioxidant activity demonstrated that the extract at the concentration of 500μg/mL scavenges DPPH and the ferric ion by 65.07%, and 90.36% of the radicals respectively. The antibacterial activity demonstated that the extract ihnibited the strains used independently of the gram with MICs varying between 1.95 and 31.25mg/mL. The extract also showed an absolute bactericidal potential on multiresistant strains. The antibacterial potential could be due to the presence of phenolic compounds. The activities of hydro-ethanolic extracts of C. schweinfurthii suggest that the latter would be a potential raw material for the production of improved traditional medicines
Estimating the Seasonal Effects of Residential Property Markets - A Case Study of Adelaide

This paper examines the seasonal effects in the detached housing markets in Adelaide, South Australia. Residential markets are generally considered to exhibit slight seasonal effects. Anecdotal evidence suggests that this is often observed in the form of variations in the volume of sales, with less noticeable effects on price levels. It is also suggested that there are significant variations in the seasonal effect in different locations particularly beachside and hill locations. This paper attempts to quantify the seasonal affects in the volume of transactions and the achieved prices of detached dwellings. Hedonic price models and time series models are developed for a range of locations across Adelaide to examine the effects in different locations. The results suggest that there are significant seasonal effects on the volume of detached dwelling transactions in Adelaide particularly in beachside and hills locations where summer and autumn show statistically significant seasonal effects. There is little evidence of any seasonal effect on prices of detached dwellings. If there is any seasonality in these property prices, it is too small to quantify at sub-market level, however there is some evidence that property prices may be around 1% lower in winter than in other seasons. Introduction: This paper examines the seasonal effects of residential property markets in Adelaide, South Australia. Several different techniques are used to quantify the seasonal effects on the volumes of detached houses sold in Adelaide and on their prices. The metropolitan area of Adelaide and 30 suburban submarkets are examined to see if there is locational variation in the seasonal effects. The study uses traditional time series analysis and hedonic price functions to estimate the effect of seasonality. The purpose of this research is to test the usually untested assumption that residential property markets exhibit significant variations in prices and volumes of transactions at different times of the year. Anecdotally, real estate agents often talk about the "spring rush", a period in spring when it is believed that purchasers "emerge" from winter slumber to madly purchase residential properties. It may also be considered as the best time to sell because gardens are at their best during spring. This is when plant growth is at its maximum in Mediterranean climates such as Adelaide's where cool wet winters and hot dry summers, inhibit growth. Any seasonal effect may have regional differences. The Adelaide topography is largely flat but with significant beachside areas, foothills and a small suburban area in the Adelaide Hills. It might be expected that the beachside areas would become more popular in spring and summer because of beach activities. Similarly, locations in the Adelaide Hills and foothills that are generally cooler may be more likely to be attractive during summer and less attractive in winter.
Cervical Cancer Prevention, Its Challenges and Solutions in Iran and Worldwide: A Systematic Review

Background: Widespread use of screening in high-income countries has led to significant reductions in mortality from cervical cancer. However, in Iran, the main reason for the late diagnosis of cervical cancer was the failure to perform a Pap smear (Papanicolaou). We aimed to investigate the status of cervical cancer prevention and its challenges and solutions in Iran. Method: We conducted a systematic review of literature published from 1974 to 2021 in the electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and retrieved all English-language articles. Following the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, full-text articles were identified and evaluated for eligibility. Finally, these publications were analyzed as part of the synthesis. Results: Lower social-economic level, inadequate knowledge of screening tests and health centers for Pap test performance leading to worse outcomes such as lower screening participation or coverage. Conclusion: By addressing these challenges through increasing education, increasing service accessibility, expanding screening programs, improving public awareness, improving insurance coverage, and establishing a control protocol for follow-up, it is possible to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality.
A purely structural restoration of the NFP20‐East cross section and potential tectonic overpressure in the Adula nappe (central Alps)

Common extrusion‐type models for the high‐ to ultrahigh‐pressure Adula nappe require a major normal fault along the top of this unit which is not conveyed in the structural record. This implies that such a normal fault existed but was completely erased during later deformational stages. However, there is evidence that decompression occurred during top‐to‐the‐foreland thrusting. We performed a new, purely structural kinematic restoration of the central part of the NFP20‐East cross section in order to estimate the burial depths of individual units without converting petrological pressure data into depth under the assumption that pressures were lithostatic. The results show that pressures within most of the units were close to but somewhat higher than lithostatic for several stages of the tectono‐metamorphic history. Only for the maximum burial stage of the Adula nappe, we estimate local tectonic overpressures of 40 to 80% of the lithostatic pressures. Accepting such an amount of overpressure, which is moderate compared to values theoretically possible, the Adula nappe was probably not subducted to subcrustal depth. We propose that the structural record of the Penninic nappe stack is quite complete and suggest that the decay of tectonic overpressure is a feasible explanation for decompression from eclogite‐ to amphibolite‐facies conditions during thrusting. Consequently, exhumation and convergence rates of the Eocene to Oligocene Alps may be smaller than previously assumed.
Assessing the Economic and Political Impacts of Climate Change on International River Basins Using Surface Wetness in the Zambezi and Mekong Basins

Many river basins will likely face higher hydrologic variability, including extreme floods and droughts, due to climate change, with economic and political consequences. Water treaties that govern international basins could face non-compliance among riparians and inter-state tensions as hydrologic variability increases. Accurate monitoring of water resources is essential to cope with these fluctuations in flow. This paper demonstrates a simple yet robust procedure—the Basist Wetness Index—to predict gauge station (actual water resources) measurements of surface wetness values derived from satellite data (for 1988-2013) and empirically derived flow distributions in two international river basins: Zambezi and Mekong. The paper further undertakes an economic analysis (applied to the Mekong), which identifies not only the economic costs and losses due to extreme fl ow events, but likewise showcases the benefits countries could potentially reap should they be able to make use of such flow data in real time. An illustrative application, using the wetness data and socio-political data, is also performed to highlight the utility of the procedure for research in the field of conflict and cooperation over water. The paper concludes that satellite data modeled with gauge station flow can help reduce the uncertainty inherent in negotiating international water issues. Moreover, the satellite observations can provide near real time monitoring of water resources, and provide valuable lead time for impending droughts and floods. Thus, the approach presented in the article can assist policy makers to devise more efficient and cooperative institutional apparatus.
Profiling Float Observations of the Upper Ocean under Sea Ice off the Wilkes Land Coast of Antarctica

AbstractMultiyear under-ice temperature and salinity data collected by profiling floats are used to study the upper ocean near the Wilkes Land coast of Antarctica. The study region is in the seasonal sea ice zone near the southern terminus of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The profiling floats were equipped with an ice-avoidance algorithm and had a survival rate of 74% after 2.5 yr in the ocean. The data show that, in this part of Antarctica, the rate of sea ice decay exceeds the rate of sea ice growth. During the sea ice growth period, the water column is weakly stratified because of brine rejection and is only marginally stable. The average winter mixed layer temperature is about 0.12°C above the surface freezing point, providing evidence of entrainment of warmer water from the permanent pycnocline. The average mixed layer salinity increases by 0.127 from June to October. A one-dimensional model is used to quantify evolution of the winter mixed layer under a sea ice cover. The local winter entrainme.
Sequence stratigraphic control on Middle and Upper Jurassic reservoir distribution within the UK Central North Sea

An integrated sequence stratigraphic analysis, utilizing seismic data, well-log cross-sections, biostratigraphic information, and core descriptions, provides a chronostratigraphic framework to analyse and predict the distribution of reservoir sandstones within the Middle to Upper Jurassic section of the UK Central North Sea. The Callovian (Middle Jurassic) through Ryazanian (lowermost Cretaceous) section in the UK Central North Sea forms a depositional wedge that thins towards the western graben margin. This wedge is bounded by surfaces traditionally interpreted as the Middle Cimmerian and Late Cimmerian unconformities. Marginal marine (Fulmar) sandstones are present within this wedge, and can be subdivided into informal lower and upper Fulmar members. Each member has a unique spatial and temporal distribution within the basin that can be related to primary depositional palaeogeography, post-depositional erosion, and basin tectonics. The lower member of the Fulmar Formation is Callovian to Early Oxfordian in age, and is restricted to the Central Graben. This member overlies Middle Jurassic strata of the Pentland Formation, and is conformably overlain by Oxfordian-age strata of the Kimmeridge Clay. The upper member of the Fulmar Formation is Early Kimmeridgian in age, and is distributed along the western graben margin. The upper member is conformably overlain by Kimmeridgian-age strata of Kimmeridge Clay, and typically overlies Triassic deposits of the Skagerrak Formation. Post-depositional erosion, association with relative falls in sea-level and accentuated by basement and salt tectonism, is the major factor that modifies primary depositional patterns within the Fulmar Formation. Truncation associated with unconformities interpreted as the 142 Ma, 138 Ma, and 136 Ma sequence boundaries affect the distribution, fades patterns, and thickness of the upper member of the Fulmar. These unconformities, as well as the 155.5 Ma, 150.5 Ma and 144 Ma sequence boundaries, may also affect the lower member of the Fulmar.
Learning Styles as Predictors of Students’ Academic Achievement in Rivers State

: The study investigated learning styles as predictors of students’ academic achievement. Two research questions and corresponding hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The participants in the study were 1,269 (males = 627, females = 642) students drawn from public secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to draw the sample of the study. Two valid instruments tagged, Visual, Aural, Read/write and Kinesthetic (VARK) questionnaire and Mathematics and English Achievement Test (MEAT) were used for the collection of data in the study. The reliability of VARK questionnaire was determined using Cronbach alpha with coefficient values of 0.75, 0.74, 0.77 and 0.76 for visual, aural, read/write and kinesthetic learning styles respectively. The reliability for MEAT was determined using test-retest and coefficient value of 0.86 and 0.79 were obtained respectively. The research questions were answered using regression analysis (simple and multiple). The null hypotheses were tested at . 05 alpha level. The result of the study revealed that learning styles are statistically significant predictors of academic achievement of students. Again, male and female students differ significantly in their learning styles. Based on the findings conclusions were drawn and recommendations made.