Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial variability of soil properties under different land uses in the Koupendri catchment, Benin

The knowledge of the spatial distribution of soil properties such as saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (Avail. P) is fundamental to sustainable management of soil resources. A total of 291 surface soil (020 cm) samples were collected across three land use types: maize-sorghum (MS), rice field (Rice) and fallow shrub-grassland (FSG) in Koupendri, north-west Benin using a grid sampling of 25 m x 25 m. Additional soil samplings at 5 m x 5 m was carried out within the sampled area to capture small-scale variability. Data obtained were analysed using classical statistics, including Pearson’s product moment correlation and analysis of variance and spatial statistics. The soil properties showed normal and nonnormal distributions, and the coefficient of variation was high (75-126.7%) for Ksat, moderate (2945%) for SOC, C/N and Avail. P, and low (7-15) for BD and TN across the different land use types. Land use had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on all the soil properties evaluated except C/N. The highest values of Ksat (151.6 cm/d), SOC (1.26%), BD (1.79 g/cm3), TN (0.105%), Avail. P (4.66 ppm) and C/N (12.14) were obtained under the MS cropland whereas porosity was highest (43.7%) in the rice field. Highly significant correlation (P < 0.01) was observed among the soil properties irrespective of land use. The correlation length (65-300 m) and nugget effect ratio indicate high variation and strong spatially dependent soil properties. However, TN, BD, Avail. P and C/N were weakly spatially dependent. The variograms were fitted with mostly exponential and spherical models for mapping the variation in soil properties. The interpolation map could help in delineating different soil fertility and soil water management zones aimed at making good agronomic decisions.
Systematic reviews in general practice: Applicability of the review “Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people” in the People’s Republic of China

A major problem for Chinese primary health providers such as general practitioners has been the lack of a clear role within the entire health system, unlike in other countries where the general practitioner is rightly considered to be the cornerstone of the system and the gatekeeper to specialist services. In 2011 the national government of the People’s Republic of China issued a policy acknowledging the role of primary health and the general practitioner as a gatekeeper, with an inherent expectation of the provision of quality services. For the most part, this means that evidence-based practice will be increasingly relied on to supplement existing polices, practices, and prescribed care plans currently in use within many community health centers. This article explores the concept of hierarchy of evidence for use by general practitioners by considering the applicability of the findings of the systematic review “Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people” published by the Cochrane Collaboration in the context of the health systems in the People’s Republic of China, and in particular, the contribution general practice may have in addressing this issue.
Academic Achievement of Female Students of Secondary Schools of Rangia Sub- Division of Kamrup (Rural) District, Assam in relation to Socio-Economic Status

DOI: 10.21276/sjahss.2017. 5.9. 29 Abstract: Academic achievement plays an important role in holistic development of the students which refers to the level of success attained by the students in the academic work or in the curricular subjects prescribed within the syllabus. The present study is an effort to focus on academic achievement of female students of secondary schools of Rangia Sub-Division of Kamrup (Rural) District, Assam in relation to their socio-economic status. The present study used Descriptive or Survey method. Purposive sampling method was adopted for selecting the schools and incidental sampling was used for selecting the student sample in the present study. This study was carried out on a sample of 90 female students studying in the ten secondary schools of Rangia Sub-division of Kamrup (Rural) district of Assam. It was evident from the present study that socio-economic status and academic achievement of female students are significantly correlated.
Effect of green biomass application of different trees on the yield of rice

Soil organic matter status in Bangladesh is very low. To restore the organic matter, it is needed to explore the best organic amendment for better crop production. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in the Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2011 to find out the response of different leaf biomass application on yield contributing characters and yield of rice cv. BR11(Mukta). Eight experimental treatments such as T1= Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf biomass, T2= Bakphul (Sesbania grandiflora) leaf biomass, T3= Minjiri (Cassia siamea) leaf biomass, T4= Ipil-ipil leaf biomass + 1⁄2 RFD (recommended fertilizer dose), T5= Bakphul leaf biomass + 1⁄2 RFD, T6= Minjiri leaf biomass + 1⁄2 RFD, T7= RFD, and T8= Control were imposed in this study. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Soil fertility status was determined before and after the study. Growth, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded as well. Soil fertility status in different treatments changed after rice cultivation. Soil pH did not change after rice cultivation but organic matter (%) was improved where green leaf biomass was incorporated to the soil and Nitrogen (%), phosphorus (ppm), potassium (me/100g soil), sulphur (ppm), zinc (ppm) were decreased where RFD applied. Results showed that the treatment T4, T7 gave the highest grain yield where Treatment T8 (control) gave the lowest yield. Most of the yield contributing characters also significantly influenced or increased to the treatment T4 (Ipil-ipil + 1⁄2 RFD) and T7 (RFD) and in the control all the parameters mentioned above were significantly decreased. Among the green leaf biomass treatment, ipil-ipil and bokphul gave better results. Therefore, this study suggests that the combined application of tree litter of ipil-ipil and recommended fertilizer dose may produce good rice yield.
Evaluation of Mode Collapse in Generative Adversarial Networks

—Though widely used in imaging tasks, General Adversarial Networks suffer from mode collapse. Various novel Generative Adversarial Network architectures have been proposed to address the issue. However, there exists little work systematically comparing their performance. This work compares state of the art Generative Adversarial Network architectures, in particular AdaGAN, VEEGAN, Wasserstein GAN, and Unrolled GAN, on datasets with different distributions, include synthetic and real datasets and with respect to several commonly used metrics for quantifying mode collapse. Our ﬁndings suggest that AdaGAN performs consistently better among the GANs on nearly all datasets and Wassertstein GAN performs poorly on the datasets. Our results also suggest that one metric is not sufﬁcient to quantify mode collapse for GANs as the metrics do not give
Study of Association of C - reactive protein and Alkaline Phosphatase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are rising rapidly worldwide, especially in Asia. Diabetes has been linked to a shorter life expectancy mainly because of its complications, including heart disease, strokes, eye disease, inflammation and bone disease. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in type 2 diabetes patients. Furthermore, we investigated correlation between serum hsCRP and ALP level with glycaemic triad (FBS, PPBS, HbA1c) in case and control group. A cross sectional study consists of 200 patients out of which 100 normal healthy control (Group I), case - 100 patients having type 2 DM (Group II). FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, hsCRP and ALP were measured. Mean serum hsCRP and ALP level were statistically significantly higher in case group compared to control group. Moreover, significant positive correlation was observed between hsCRP and ALP level as well as both with FBS, PPBS and HbA1c. Oxidative stress and inflammation appears to be a key component and also associated with poor glycaemic control and further pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.
Psychological Hardiness and Burnout among Doctors

DOI: 10.21276/sjahss.2018. 6.12. 4 Abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between job burnout and psychological hardiness among doctors. The sample was drawn using purposive sampling technique and the total sample consisted of 200 doctors working in different govt. hospitals in various districts of Kashmir valley. The tools used were: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) by Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter (1996) and Psychological Hardiness Scale by Bartone (1991). Results revealed that there is no significant correlation between emotional exhaustion and psychological hardiness and a negative significant correlation between depersonalization and psychological hardiness (-.456**), while as there is significant positive correlation between personal achievement and psychological hardiness (.606**). However, there was no significant difference among doctors with respect to various demographic characteristics such as gender, marital status, living status and date of joining.
The Nature and Sources of Stress among EFL Teachers

Stress is a major concern in teaching profession. Stress has become a major concern in modern time because it can cause and harm employee’s health and performance. So, it cannot be ignored ( Pathak & Sarin, 2011). Stress can be debilitating or facilitating. If the sources and effects of stress are spotted and attempts are made to mitigate the stress level down to the desired level, teaching EFL classes can be more desirable and productive. The aim of this study was to identify the sources of stress among EFL teachers and their coping strategies as well as whether there was a significant relationship between the perception of stress prevalence and their demographic information. The population in this study consisted of 65 EFL teachers in Fasa. The interview and questionnaire were used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of 4 sections and 55 items administrated and collected in teachers’ meetings. The results were analyzed using SPSS 16 for windows. Percentage of responses, means, standard deviation were calculated for each item, and Chi-square was carried out to determine the results. Then Spearman correlation was run to discover the degree of relationship. The results revealed that the main sources of stress among EFL teachers were: books and materials, lack of time, inadequate salary, and parents’ low involvement. Furthermore, the findings of the study showed that EFL most frequently used coping strategies were: finding comfort in religion, being optimistic about the outcome, trying to come up with a strategy. Moreover, the results of this investigation showed that the perception of stress prevalence did not have any significant correlation with demographic information.
More than proximity and harmony. Dimensions of the relationship between local politicians and journalists in German cities

When we ponder the relationship between politicians and journalists, the national level and capitals like Berlin will be our first area of focus. However, one can consider that the relations between the political and journalistic elites on the local level also influence reporting and the public, as well as decision making and decisive actions. So far, in contrast to internationally comparative research (e.g., Pfetsch, 2014; Van Aelst et al., 2010), little attention has been paid to the local level. This is problematic as comparative research has shown that at least distinct patterns of the politics-media relationships can be regarded as strongly context-dependent. We therefore cannot transfer findings on the national level to the local level with its specifics. For example, competitive structures differ from those on the national level and the number of political actors and journalists is much lower. This also holds true for the political actors’ degree of professionalization. Moreover, local political actors and journalists can be citizens of the same municipality, so there is a certain degree of proximity in spatial terms. Finally, there is a need for exploring the relationships between political actors and journalists as the conditions under which both sides act have rapidly changed in recent years, for example press concentration in terms of local newspaper monopolies in cities has increased (Baugut & Reinemann, 2013). This paper therefore aims to analyze the current state of politics-media relations on the local level. The theoretical basis of this paper is the concept of the local culture of communication and empirically it is based on a survey of more than 600 journalists and politicians on the local level of government.
Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canine Parvovirus Variants ( 2 A-2 B-2 C ) in Egypt

| Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) infection is the main cause of fatal gastroenteritis in dogs. This study was directed to determine the variants of CPV-2 currently circulating in Egypt with reference to different risk factors that affecting occurrence of virus infection between dog populations. Seventy-eight dogs showed clinical signs of fever, different degrees of diarrhea, vomiting and anorexia out of total 117 dogs examined in different veterinary clinics at Sharkia and Dakahlia governorates during the period from February 2018 till June 2019. Using of CPV detection fast card test reported positive reaction in 48 fecal samples. PCR detection of canine parvovirus protein 2 (VP2) revealed positive reaction in 56 fecal swabs and 4 vomiting samples collected from clinically diseased dogs showing 360 bp bands by gel electrophoresis. Four positive fecal samples and one vomiting sample were randomly selected for sequencing. The fecal samples revealed presence of CPV-2a in one sample collected from Sharkia governorate and CPV-2b in three samples collected from Dakahlia governorate, while the vomiting sample collected from Dakahlia governorate showed CPV-2c. Protein alignment of the sequenced samples revealed mutation in different location of CPV-2b and CPV-2c. This is the first paper to detect CPV-2 (CPV-2c) antigen in the vomiting sample of naturally diseased dog by PCR. The highest rate of CPV-2 infection was found in the spring than other seasons, Pit bull dogs than other dog breeds, dogs aged from 2-4 months than other age groups and non-vaccinated than vaccinated dogs. We confirm that the three variants of CPV-2 (CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c) are circulating in Egypt with rapid spread between the different governorates. CPV can be detected in the vomit of naturally infected dogs by PCR. Amino acid substitutions are continuously occurred in VP2 of CPV-2.
The Role of Social Networks in Poverty Alleviation in Nyando District, Kenya

One of the most important paradigm shifts in poverty interventions has been a renewed interest in social networks as an important variable in sustainable rural economic development. There are very few studies that have focused on the role of social network or other forms of social capital on rural income diversification and rural poverty in rural areas of Kenya. The objective of this study was to establish role of social networks in poverty alleviation in Nyando District. A Cross-sectional research design involving use of both systematic random sampling and purposive sampling was adopted. Primary data was obtained using structured questionnaires to interview a minimum of 250 household heads from two divisions of Nyando district. The results indicated that 61.6% of the household heads belonged to social networks. In addition, the results indicate that membership to social networks varied markedly in Muhoroni and Nyando Divisions of Nyando District with, 55% and 66% respectively. Further, 43% of the respondents belonged to producer’s organizations, 21% to agricultural cooperatives 9.8% savings and credit organizations 27% to community welfare organizations and 15% belonging to women groups and rotating saving and credit organizations respectively. Several reason were given by respondents for belonging to social networks including satisfaction of individual needs 4.8 % individual wellbeing 13.3 %. To improve agricultural production 10% and to receive funds. A Pearson product moment correlation (r) was employed to determine the significance of the relationship between membership to social networks and rural poverty in Nyando District. The results (r = 0.241) indicated a significant relationship between membership to social networks and rural poverty in Nyando District. The study concluded that though social networks may play an important role in poverty alleviation, vast majority of these social groups are not used for income generation or investment in the agricultural sector, which is the predominant source of livelihood for most households.
Children’s healthy eating habits and parents’ socio-demographic characteristics in rural Texas, USA

Objective: Due to the disproportionately high rates of obesity within the US Hispanic community, there is a critical need to address this health disparity issue. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between parents’ socio-demographic characteristics and their children’s food consumption. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Participants were recruited from schools in a predominately Hispanic rural area of Texas, USA. Method: Parents (n = 298) of fourth grade (9–10 years old) children completed the survey. The independent variables were parents’ socio-demographic characteristics (e.g. ethnicity and income). The outcome variable was a Healthy Eating Index that refleting children’s frequencies of food consumption measured as daily frequency of consumption for healthy foods (e.g. skimmed milk), less healthy foods (e.g. potato) and unhealthy foods (e.g. Coke). We performed multiple linear regression. Results: Regression analysis shows that 13.7% variance of children’s food consumption could be predicted by their parents’ gender, ethnicity, marital status, education and income (R2 = .137, p < 0.01). Parents’ ethnicity, education and income variables were strong predictors for children’s food consumption. Conclusion: Healthy eating can help reduce childhood obesity; however, we found children of US Hispanic parents ate less healthily. Culturally specific education programmes should be adopted for parents or families of Hispanic or Latino origin.
Dealing with the Monster. Strategies in the reception of occult content in films

The purpose of this study was the investigation of individual strategies in the reception of non-rational content in films (extraordinary events and experiences which cannot be explained by scientifically known natural laws) by young people, and of differences between horror fans and other young people. A part of a horror film was shown to 50 adolescent subjects in single sessions. The film was stopped at several points, and the subjects were asked questions about what they had just seen. More data was collected by the subjects filling out a questionnaire. Contrary to our expectations, horror fans do not have a specifically strong orientation to non-rational content in films. In addition, no significant correlation with the development of occult belief systems was found. Other elements such as aggressiveness and sexuality are more important. Furthermore, there seemed to be a relationship to the development of ego identity in the case of those liking the horror genre. These people had dealt thoroughly with their political beliefs and sexuality. However it was found that an orientation to non-rational content in films correlates with emotionality, a pessimistic attitude, and also with the development of occult belief systems, but has no relation to the development of ego identity.
Agro-morphological Diversity of High Altitude Bean Landraces in the Kailash Sacred Landscape of Nepal

Many varieties of bean are widely grown across diverse agro-ecological zones in Nepal, and opportunities exist for improving the crops and enhancing their resilience to various biotic and abiotic stressors. In this context, an experiment was conducted from June to October 2016 in Khar VDC of Darchula district to study the phenotypic traits of nine landraces of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The bean landraces were planted using randomized complete block design in three sites (Dhamidera, Dallekh and Sundamunda villages), with three replications in each site for their comparative analysis. The study considered the following phenotypic traits: days to emergence, days to 50% flowering, days to 90% pod maturity, number of nodes, pod length, pod width, number of pods, number of seeds per pod and weight and grain yield for 100 seeds. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in the landraces both within and among locations. KA-17-08-FB and KA-17-04-FB were late flowering (63 and 65 days respectively) compared to other landraces whereas KA-17-07-FB flowered earliest (within 42 days). In all three sites, three landraces namely KA-17-07-FB, KA-17-04-FB and KA-17-06-FB were found to be relatively more resistant to pest and diseases than other landraces. Eight out of nine landraces in Dhamidera and Dallekh villages and seven out of nine in Sundamunda village produced seeds greater than 1.0 t/ha. Among the nine varieties KA-17-02-FB was the highest yielding variety, with an average yield of 3.8 t/ha. This study is useful for identifying suitable landraces for future promotion based on their maturity, grain yield, diseases resistance and other qualitative and quantitative characteristics.
Exploration of Surface Decorations to Enhance the Value of Indigenous Ghanaian Pottery

DOI: 10.21276/sjahss.2018. 6.7. 16 Abstract: Ghanaian Indigenous pottery plays an important role in the society. The image of the traditional pottery is ruined because of the surface decoration given. The products are finished and decorated either by incising, embossment, sqrafitto etc. The need therefore to explore with non-conventional materials in order to add value, enhance the texture and aesthetic quality of the products. The study adopted the studiobased research method of qualitative research approach in the execution of the project. The study has shown that, mixed media method employed in the project could be practiced to add value, enhance the texture and aesthetic character and likewise improve the marketability of the indigenous pottery products in Ghana. Further, exploring with non-conventional materials will inspire and educate producers, particularly the local potters to improve their creativity and enhance their wares to meet contemporary expectations. The study, therefore recommends that, further research should be done by using different materials to enhance the value of Ghanaian indigenous pottery.