Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of some immunostimulants on growth performance , survival and disease resistance of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) frys.

T his study was carried out to evaluate the comparative effects of some immunostimulants and antibiotic supplementation on growth performance parameters, survival rate, diseases resistance (Aeromonas hydrophila) and immune status of Nile tilapia frys. A total number of 500 Oreochromis niloticus fry, with an average initial weight (0.35 ±0.05 g) were stocked at 5 treatments with 2 replicate, control group(Gr1) and from Gr2:Gr5 provided with dietary supplementation as following: Garlic 40g/kg purpurea extract 4gm/kg, yeast 4 g/kg and ciprofloxacine 1gm/kg of the diet, for a three month period. The results revealed that groups treated with Echinacea, Garlic and yeast, significally improved the growth performance parameters, but Echinacea purpurea gave the best feed conversion ratio. In addition, increasing the relative protection levels against Aeromonas hydrophila which was previously isolated from naturally infected farms depending on mortalities, clinical signs and PM lesions ,and biochemically identified and molecular screened for detection of virulence genes. Hematological, biochemical and Immune parameters revealed that all immunostimulant supplemented groups were significantly better than control and antibiotic groups. Histopathological examination within 7 days post challenge revealed necrosis of internal organs, inflammatory reaction, associated with hemosiderosis in positive control and antibiotic groups, but protection were higher in immunostimulant groups. In conclusion, the addition of immunostimulants especially garlic, Echinacea purpurea and yeast to the diet of O. niloticus frys could improve growth performance, fish survival, immunological parameters. Further, they could be suggested as an effective alternative to antibiotics with respect that Echinacea extract is the most potent one of them. Article History Received in 16/1/2021
RELATIVE COMPETITIVENESS BETWEEN CULTIVATED AND WEEDY RICE UNDER FULL AND LOW LIGHT Competitividade

Cultivated and weedy rice biotypes exhibit morphophysiological variations under low light, affecting competition between plants. The aim of this study was to assess relative competitiveness between cultivated and weedy rice under full and low light. Three experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The treatments in the experiment I were arranged in additive series while in the experiments II and III treatments were arranged in replacement series. Experiments II and III were carried out concomitantly to assess coexistence between the rice cultivar and weedy rice. The treatments consisted of different plants proportions: 100:0 (cultivated rice monoculture), 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 (weedy rice monoculture), keeping the total plant population obtained in experiment I (240 plants m-2) constant. Experiment II was conducted with full solar radiation and III under 50% light. The variables analyzed were shoot dry weight and plant height, 35 days after emergence (DAE). Competition among plants was evaluated via graphs and by interpreting competition indices. Concerning shoot dry weight, mutual losses were recorded between competitors, whereas equal competition for resources was observed for plant height. Weedy rice was more competitive than cultivated rice regardless of the light environment assessed, indicating the need for integrated methods to control this weed.
On the Construction of a Positive Sentiment Index for COVID-19: Evidence from G20 Stock Markets

The present study investigates the degree of market responses through the scope of investors’ sentiment during the COVID-19 pandemic across G20 markets, by constructing a novel positive search volume index for COVID-19 (COVID19+). Our key findings, obtained using a Panel-GARCH model, indicate that an increased COVID19+ index suggests that investors decrease their COVID-19 related crisis sentiment by escalating their Google searches for positively associated COVID-19 related keywords. Specifically, we explore the predictive power of the newly constructed index on stock returns and volatility. According to our findings, investor sentiment positively (negatively) predicts the stock return (volatility) during the COVID-19. This is the first study of its kind assessing global sentiment by proposing a novel proxy and its impacts on the G20 equity market.
Did FinTech Lenders Facilitate PPP Fraud?

In the distribution of the Paycheck Protection Program’s (PPP) $803 billion in funds, FinTech lenders began minimally but ramped up their market share to over 80% of originated loans by the end of the program. We examine metrics related to potential misreporting including non-registered businesses, multiple businesses at residential addresses, abnormally high implied compensation per employee, and large inconsistencies in jobs reported with another government program. We assess these four metrics with five additional measures and extensive supporting analysis. FinTech loans exhibit sharp and discontinuous increases in misreporting at maximum loan thresholds and round loan amounts. FinTech loans are more than 3.5 times as likely to be initiated by someone with a criminal background, strongly cluster in industry-county pairs to a degree that is infeasible based on U.S. Census data on establishment counts, and frequently exhibit similar loan features within lender-county pairs. Certain FinTech lenders seem to specialize in questionable loans with more than 40% of their loans experiencing at least one misreporting indicator. Few of these loans have been prosecuted by authorities or repaid. FinTech lenders with the highest misreporting in the first two rounds of the program in 2020 increase both their market share and their misreporting substantially in the third round in 2021. While FinTech lenders likely expand PPP access, this may come at the cost of facilitating fraudulent credit.
Conditional capital surplus and shortfall across renewable and non-renewable resource firms

This study examines the conditional capital surplus and shortfall dynamics of renewable and non-renewable resource firms. To this end, this study uses the systemic risk index by Brownlees and Engle (2017) and considers two conditional systemic events, namely, the stock market crash and the commodity price crash. The results indicate that generally, companies in the resource sector tend to have conditional capital shortfall before 2000 and conditional capital surplus after 2000 owing to the boom of the commodity sector stock and the moderate-to-careful capital structure management adopted by these companies. This finding is especially valid for resource firms from developed countries, whose observations dominate the dataset used in this study. Furthermore, the analysis using the panel vector autoregressive model indicates a positive influence of commodity price, geopolitical, and economic policy uncertainties on the conditional capital shortfall. These uncertainties have also been proven to increase the conditional failure probability of firms in the sample. Lastly, the performance analysis shows that potential capital shortfall is positively related to market return, reflecting a high-risk high-return trade-off for this sector.
Repricing Avalanches in the Billion-Prices Data

Nirei and Scheinkman (2021) proposed an equilibrium model of price adjustments with menu-costs with a finite number of firms and derived a "reproduction number" for repricing and a limit functional form for the distribution of the number of simultaneously price-adjusting firms. We show that the distribution of price-changes in data from the Billion Prices Project is well fitted by this functional form and exhibits a reproduction number that is close to unity, indicating that complementarity in price-changes plays a major role in repricings.
Overconfident Rivals and Corporate R&D

We examine whether rival CEOs’ overconfidence influences a focal firm’s research and development (R&D) expenditure. We propose a stylized model based on an R&D competition game with CEOs having a keeping-up-with-the-Joneses preference. Our model predicts that the overconfidence level of rival CEOs has a positive effect on the focal firm’s R&D expenditure. We find supportive evidence to the model implications. The effect is stronger when (i) the product market is more competitive, (ii) it is less costly to finance R&D, and (iii) the new technology is more valuable. We also find that firms with more overconfident rivals have higher subsequent volatility in their stock returns and a greater risk of a price crash, but their innovation output and firm values are higher. Overall, we show that firms invest aggressively to not fall behind once their overconfident rivals’ investments pay off, consistent with the concept of strategic complements in innovation.
Changing the Scope of GSE Loan Guarantees: Estimating Effects on Mortgage Pricing and Availability

Using a novel combination of mortgage datasets, we analyze the effects of two policy levers that influence the scope of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac's (GSEs) involvement in the U.S. residential mortgage market. First, we find that small changes in mortgage guarantee fees charged by the GSEs were essentially fully passed through to consumers, with limited effects on mortgage demand. This implies that fee increases are primarily transfers from mortgage consumers to taxpayers while the GSEs remain in federal conservatorship. Second, the data suggest that marginally lowering maximum conforming loan size limits would cause most affected consumers to reduce their loan amounts to the new maximum. Our findings highlight the key role of GSE policy in mortgage availability, while additional survey data indicate that borrowers' shopping behavior and incomplete information may also influence the effects of changes in GSE policy.
Reconsidering the Cost of Job Loss: Evidence from Redundancies and Mass Layoffs

This paper studies the consequences of job loss for workers, and explores differences in the cost of displacement using a novel research design. While the previous literature relies on mass layoffs and plant closures for identification, I exploit discontinuities in the likelihood of displacement generated by a last-in-first-out (LIFO) rule used at layoffs in Sweden. Matching data on individual layoff notifications to administrative records, I find that permanent earnings losses are present only among workers who lose their job during mass layoffs, whereas workers displaced in smaller layoffs fully recover within 7 years. The finding is robust to differences in overall economic conditions as well as industry and worker com position. Auxiliary analysis suggests that mass layoffs affect the entire local labor market thereby amplifying the effect of displacement.
The Impact of Computer-Assisted Assessment on EFL Learners’ Writing Cohesion and Coherence

There are many studies that have been conducted with respect to the effectiveness of assessment on EFL learners, However, the computer-assisted assessment technique has been left underexplored. The purpose of the current study is to fill this gap in the literature. For this aim, the researcher selected 61 upper-intermediate EFL learners through the convenience sampling method. The participants were at the age of 17 to 23. The researcher assigned the participants into two groups, the experimental group (n=31) and the control group (n=30). A computer-assisted assessment technique was employed with Edmodo software in the experimental group. This way mostly follows an interventionist model with mediation offered from a menu of predetermined clues, hints, and leading questions selected in a lock-step fashion (moving from most implicit to most explicit) by the computer. The participants of the control group continued in a conventional way. The results of this study showed that computer-assisted assessment can be regarded as an effective technique for enhancing EFL learners’ writing cohesion and coherence. EFL teachers and teacher educators can be the beneficiaries of the current study to enrich their concourses with the more computer-assisted assessment based.
Niosomes As A Potential Drug Delivery System T Review

A non-ionic vesicle dependent on surfactants is a niosome. Niosomes are mainly formed as an excipient by non-ionic surfactant and cholesterol incorporation. Various excipients can also be used. Niosomes have a greater penetrating potential than previous emulsion preparations. There are various methods of manufacturing niosomes like thin film hydration, microfluidization, sonication, bubble method to name a few. The fact that niosomes are amphiphillic molecules makes them a flexible carrier of drugs, as both hydrophilic and lipophillic drugs can be trapped. Applications of niosomes in the pharmaceutical industry are many, some of the most important ones being as cosmoceuticals, gene delivery carriers, carriers for vaccine delivery and also in medical imaging. The main object of this review the appliance of niosome technology is employed to treat variety of diseases, niosome have good opportunity in research and beneficial for researcher and pharma industries. As niosome is stable and economical, niosome seems to be a well-preferred drug delivery mechanism over liposome.
Paper : The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Mindfulness , Anxiety , and Academic Procrastination in High Schoolers

* Corresponding Author: Azra Zebardast, PhD. Address: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Tel: +98 (13) 33690274 E-mail: zebardast@guilan.ac. ir Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between mindfulness, anxiety, and procrastination in high school students.
Inclusive Interpersonal Communication Education for Technology Professionals

The U.S. economy continues to compete for talented IT professionals. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the number of IT jobs will grow 11% between 2019 and 2029, faster than the average for all other occupations (BLS, 2020). It is expected that in 2030 there will be a global shortage of 85 million tech workers (da Costa, 2019). IT companies struggle to meet their talent needs. Increasingly, more firms such as SAP, IBM, and Microsoft, inspired by the initial success of the Danish IT consulting firm Specialisterne, are taking notice of the untapped technology talents and skills of individuals with autism to address the industry’s significant unmet demand for employees (Annabi and Locke, 2019). Scholars from various fields recognize the proclivity of individuals on the autism spectrum to pursue technology-oriented employment (Mazurek et al., 2012; Wei, et al., 2013). Industry champions of such programs point to the opportunity for such programs to have a greater social impact (Shattuck et al., 2012; Hedley et al., 2018). Autism employment programs provide meaningful employment opportunities for the growing number of IToriented individuals with autism who have been severely unemployed or underemployed. It is difficult to estimate the unemployment rate of adults on the spectrum due to limited research and limited disclosure (Austin and Pisano, 2017). Some estimate that the unemployment rate among individuals with autism (including those with severe intellectual disabilities) is 80% (Austin and Pisano, 2017). Roux, et al. (2017) suggest that only 14% of adults with autism in the US work for pay.
Microsatellite Instability and Colorectal Cancer, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Evaluation by Using DNA Sequencing: A Single Center Experience

Background & Objective: Microsatellite instability is common in familial colorectal cancers. It can be tested by the molecular and immunohistochemical methods. There are very few studies which address comparing the clinicopathological characteristics of microsatellite stable (MSS) and microsatellite unstable (MSI) colorectal cancers from Iran. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological and immuno-histochemical findings of MSS and MSI colorectal cancers in our Center as the largest Center of gastrointestinal surgery and oncology in the South of Iran. We also compared the immunohistochemical method vs. molecular study using DNA sequencing. Methods: For 5 years (2015-2019), 34 patients who underwent operation in the affiliated Hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were clinically suspected to microsatellite instability (MSI). The molecular diagnostic tests with DNA sequencing were performed. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings of MSI colorectal cancers were compared with those who were stable. Results: In the South of Iran, MSI colorectal cancers were more common in males. These tumors were more common in the right side with more tendencies to produce mucin with lymphocytic infiltration. Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry would be a specific method for diagnosis of MSI colorectal cancers but may be associated with high rate of false negative results and of low sensitivity. Therefore, we recommend performing molecular studies by DNA sequencing in those colon cancers with clinical suspicion for MSI and negative immunohistochemical findings.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes Following Medial Pivot Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Chart Review Study

Medial pivot total knee arthroplasty (MP-TKA) is a relatively new design that simulates normal knee mechanics with the aim of enhancing postoperative recovery. Furthermore, it reduces postoperative complications in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. No study has been done regarding this topic in Saudi Arabia yet, so we aimed to study the post-operative clinical and radiological outcomes of MP-TKA, as well as the postoperative complications. A retrospective cohort chart review study was conducted on 46 patients and 70 knees after applying our inclusion/exclusion criteria. The patients were followed up for an average period of two years. Clinical outcomes were assessed pre- and postoperatively by the validated Saudi Arabian version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), as well as radiological outcomes and postoperative complications gathered from patients’ charts. The postoperative KOOS score showed a statistically significant improvement in pain, symptoms, and activities of daily living in comparison with the preoperative score (P-value < 0.0001). The mean time until ambulation and length of hospital stay were five and 14 days, respectively. Four patients (8.7%) showed radiological complications. Deep vein thrombosis was observed in only two knees (4.3%), and there were no revision cases. Thus, MP-TKA has been shown to improve pain, symptoms, and activities of daily living with a relatively short time until ambulation and length of hospital stay, in addition to a low incidence of postoperative and radiological complications.
Host genetic diversity drives variable central nervous system lesion distribution in chronic phase of Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus (TMEV) infection

Host genetic background is a significant driver of the variability in neurological responses to viral infection. Here, we leverage the genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse resource to better understand how chronic infection by Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus (TMEV) elicits diverse clinical and morphologic changes in the central nervous system (CNS). We characterized the TMEV-induced clinical phenotype responses, and associated lesion distributions in the CNS, in six CC mouse strains over a 90 day infection period. We observed varying degrees of motor impairment in these strains, as measured by delayed righting reflex, paresis, paralysis, seizures, limb clasping, ruffling, and encephalitis phenotypes. All strains developed neuroparenchymal necrosis and mineralization in the brain, primarily localized to the hippocampal regions. Two of the six strains presented with axonal degeneration with myelin loss of the nerve roots in the lumbar spinal cord. Moreover, we statistically correlated lesion distribution with overall frequencies of clinical phenotypes and phenotype progression to better understand how and where TMEV targets the CNS, based on genetic background. Specifically, we assessed lesion distribution in relation to the clinical progression of these phenotypes from early to late TMEV disease, finding significant relationships between progression and lesion distribution. Finally, we identified quantitative trait loci associated with frequency of lesions in a particular brain region, revealing several loci of interest for future study: lysosomal trafficking regulator (Lyst) and nidogen 1 (Nid1). Together, these results indicate that the genetic background influences the type and severity of clinical phenotypes, phenotypic resilience to TMEV, and the lesion distribution across strains.
Peoples’ understanding, acceptance, and perceived challenges of vaccination against COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

In order to eliminate COVID-19, many countries provided vaccinations. However, success depends on peoples’ knowledge levels and rates of acceptance. But, previous research on this topic is currently lacking in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study aimed at to investigate Bangladeshi peoples’ knowledge, acceptance, and perception of challenges regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Quantitative data were collected using an online survey (n = 1975) and face-to-face interviews (n = 2200) with a pre-tested structured questionnaire. In addition, seven open-ended interviews were conducted with health experts regarding challenges of vaccination. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between explanatory and dependent variables. Effect size was estimated to understand the magnitude of relationship between two variables. Of 4175 respondents, 92.6% knew about COVID-19 vaccines, while only 37.4% believed vaccines to be effective in controlling COVID-19. Nearly 46% of respondents believed that COVID-19 vaccines have side-effects, and 16.4% of respondents believed that side-effects could be life-threatening. Only 60.5% of respondents indicated that they would receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Out of 1650 respondents (39.5%) who did not intend to receive the vaccine, 948 (57.4%) believed that they would be naturally protected. Regressions results indicated that men had higher rates of knowledge regarding the vaccine. In addition, rural respondents demonstrated lower knowledge regarding the vaccine. Furthermore, education had a significant association with knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines. Respondents with university education had more knowledge regarding the vaccine (Odds ratio, OR = 29.99; 95% confidence interval, CI 11.40–78.90, effect size 1.88; p = 0.01) and correct dosage (OR 27.34; 95% CI 15.25–49.00, effect size 1.83; p = 0.01). However, women (OR 1.16; 95% CI 0.96–1.40, effect size 0.08) and rural (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.07–1.44, effect size 0.12; p = 0.01) respondents were more enthusiastic regarding receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Higher educated respondents showed higher probability of receiving the vaccine. Those who believed in the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine were 11.57 times more interested (OR 11.57; 95% CI 8.92–15.01, effect size 1.35; p = 0.01) in receiving the vaccine. Open-ended interviews identified several challenges toward successful COVID-19 vaccination. Mass awareness creation, uninterrupted supply, equitable distribution, and sectoral coordination were suggested to achieve at least 70% immunization across the country.