Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atomic Processes, Including Photoabsorption, Subject to Outside Charge-Neutral Plasma

We present in this review our recent theoretical studies on atomic processes subject to the plasma environment including the α and β emissions and the ground state photoabsorption of the one- and two-electron atoms and ions. By carefully examining the spatial and temporal criteria of the Debye–Hückel (DH) approximation based on the classical Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics, we were able to represent the plasma effect with a Debye–Hückel screening potential VDH in terms of the Debye length D, which is linked to the ratio between the plasma density N and its temperature kT. Our theoretical data generated with VDH from the detailed non-relativistic and relativistic multiconfiguration atomic structure calculations compare well with the limited measured results from the most recent experiments. Starting from the quasi-hydrogenic picture, we were able to show qualitatively that the energy shifts of the emission lines could be expressed in terms of a general expression as a function of a modified parameter, i.e., the reduced Debye length λ. The close agreement between theory and experiment from our study may help to facilitate the plasma diagnostics to determine the electron density and the temperature of the outside plasma.
A comprehensive analysis of age-related metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals metabolic alterations in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

The functions of stem cells decline progressively with aging, and some metabolic changes occur during the process. However, the molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging remain unclear. In this study, the combined application of metabolomics and transcriptomics technologies can effectively describe the possible molecular mechanisms of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) senescence. Metabolomic profiles revealed 23 differential metabolites which were abundant in “glycerophospholipid metabolism”, “linoleic acid metabolism” and “biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids”. In addition, transcriptomics analysis identified 590 genes with enormously differential expressions in young and old BMSCs. KEGG enrichment analyses showed that metabolism-related pathways in BMSC senescence had stronger responses. Furthermore, the integrated analysis of the interactions between the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites indicated the differential genes related to lipid metabolism of Scd, Scd2, Dgat2, Fads2, Lpin1, Gpat3, Acaa2, Lpcat3, Pcyt2 and Pla2g4a may be closely associated with the aging of BMSCs. Finally, Scd2 was identified as the most significant DEG, and Scd2 over-expression could alleviate cellular senescence in aged BMSCs. In conclusion, this work provides a validated understanding that the DEGs and metabolites related to lipid metabolism present more apparent changes in the senescence of rat BMSCs.
The Moderation Role of Religiosity on the Relationship Between Risk Tolerance and Financial Behavior of Small Businesses’ Owners

From the psychology and religious perspective, there is a growing faith that religiosity influences financial behavior. Most available literature has only discussed religiosity as the antecedents of investment behavior in various contexts. There are no yet inquiries in financial behavior that examine the role of religiosity as a moderating variable. Hence, this study has provided novelty by testing the role of religiosity as a moderating variable in the relationship between risk tolerance and financial behavior. The population of this study was Muslim SMEs owners in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. Ninety-one respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. This study found that risk tolerance and religiosity variables had a positive and significant effect on financial behavior. The interaction effect of the religiosity variable would weaken risk tolerance on financial behavior. This research had significant implications for the development of financial behavior theory in SMEs and developing SMEs.
Structural Insights into the Substrate Transport Mechanisms in GTR Transporters through Ensemble Docking

Glucosinolate transporters (GTRs) are part of the nitrate/peptide transporter (NPF) family, members of which also transport specialized secondary metabolites as substrates. Glucosinolates are defense compounds derived from amino acids. We selected 4-methylthiobutyl (4MTB) and indol-3-ylmethyl (I3M) glucosinolates to study how GTR1 from Arabidopsis thaliana transports these substrates in computational simulation approaches. The designed pipeline reported here includes massive docking of 4MTB and I3M in an ensemble of GTR1 conformations (in both inward and outward conformations) extracted from molecular dynamics simulations, followed by clustered and substrate–protein interactions profiling. The identified key residues were mutated, and their role in substrate transport was tested. We were able to identify key residues that integrate a major binding site of these substrates, which is critical for transport activity. In silico approaches employed here represent a breakthrough in the plant transportomics field, as the identification of key residues usually takes a long time if performed from a purely wet-lab experimental perspective. The inclusion of structural bioinformatics in the analyses of plant transporters significantly speeds up the knowledge-gaining process and optimizes valuable time and resources.
Intracranial Meningioma in Elderly Patients. Retrospective Multicentric Risk and Surgical Factors Study of Morbidity and Mortality

With the increasing life expectancy, a large number of intracranial meningiomas (IM) have been identified in elderly patients. There is no general consensus regarding the management for IMs nor studies regarding the outcome of older patients undergoing meningioma surgery. We aimed to determine whether preoperative variables and postoperative clinical outcomes differ between age groups after meningioma surgery. We analyzed data from all patients who had undergone IM surgery from our departments. The final cohort consisted of 340 patients affected by IM with ASA class I-II: 188 in the young group (<65) and 152 in the elderly. The two subgroups did not present significant differences concerning biological characteristics of tumor, localization, diameters, lesion and edema volumes and surgical radicality. Despite these comparable data, elderly presented with a significantly lower Karnofsky Performance status value on admission and remained consistently lower during the follow-up. We establish instead that there is no intrinsic correlation to the presence of IM and no significant increased risk of complications or recurrence in elderly patients, but rather only an increased risk of reduced performance status with mortality related to the comorbidity of the patient, primarily cardiovascular disease, and an intrinsic frailty of the aged population.
Dense residual Transformer for image denoising

Image denoising is an important low-level computer vision task, which aims to reconstruct a noise-free and high-quality image from a noisy image. With the development of deep learning, convolutional neural network (CNN) has been gradually applied and achieved great success in image denoising, image compression, image enhancement, etc. Recently, Transformer has been a hot technique, which is widely used to tackle computer vision tasks. However, few Transformer-based methods have been proposed for low-level vision tasks. In this paper, we proposed an image denoising network structure based on Transformer, which is named DenSformer. DenSformer consists of three modules, including a preprocessing module, a local-global feature extraction module, and a reconstruction module. Specifically, the local-global feature extraction module consists of several Sformer groups, each of which has several ETransformer layers and a convolution layer, together with a residual connection. These Sformer groups are densely skip-connected to fuse the feature of different layers, and they jointly capture the local and global information from the given noisy images. We conduct our model on comprehensive experiments. In synthetic noise removal, DenSformer outperforms other state-of-the-art methods by up to 0.06–0.28 dB in gray-scale images and 0.57–1.19 dB in color images. In real noise removal, DenSformer can achieve comparable performance, while the number of parameters can be reduced by up to 40%. Experimental results prove that our DenSformer achieves improvement compared to some state-of-the-art methods, both for the synthetic noise data and real noise data, in the objective and subjective evaluations.
Continuous Separation of Submicron Particles Using Angled Electrodes - art. no. 012068

Dielectrophoretic separation of particles is achieved by the generation of electric forces on the particles by non-uniform electric fields. This paper presents a technique based on negative dielectrophoresis in a novel design of electrode array for the non-contact separation of polarisable particles. Angled electrodes are used to generate a lateral force in a microfluidic channel separating a mixed stream of particles into distinct streams of constituent components and achieving a high degree of spatial separation.
Overview of First-Line and Second-Line Pharmacotherapies for Osteoarthritis with Special Focus on Intra-Articular Treatment

Osteoarthritis (OA) can be defined as the result of pathological processes of various etiologies leading to damage to the articular structures. Although the mechanism of degenerative changes has become better understood due to the plethora of biochemical and genetic studies, the drug that could stop the degenerative cascade is still unknown. All available forms of OA therapy are based on symptomatic treatment. According to actual guidelines, comprehensive treatment of OA should always include a combination of various therapeutic options aimed at common goals, which are pain relief in the first place, and then the improvement of function. Local treatment has become more common practice, which takes place between rehabilitation and pharmacological treatment in the hierarchy of procedures. Only in the case of no improvement and the presence of advanced lesions visible in imaging tests, should surgery be considered. Currently, an increasing number of studies are being published suggesting that intra-articular injections may be as effective or even more effective than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and result in fewer systemic adverse events. The most commonly used preparations are hyaluronic acid (HA), glucocorticosteroids (GS), and also platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in recent years. This review aims to present the mechanism of action and clinical effectiveness of different pharmacological options in relieving pain and improving functions in OA as well as the emerging approach in intra-articular treatment with PRP.
Sociodemographic and Illness-Related Indicators to Predict the Status of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) Five Years after Disease Onset

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Currently, no factors have been identified to predict the long-term course of NMOSD. To counter this, we analyzed data of 58 individuals with NMOSD at disease onset and about five years later. Methods: Medical records of 58 individuals with NMOSD (mean age: 31.13 years at disease onset; 86.2% female) were retrospectively analyzed. At baseline, a thorough medical and disease-related examination was performed; the same examination was repeated about five years later at follow-up, including treatment-related information. Mean outcome measure was the difference in EDSS (Expanded Disease Severity Scale) scores between baseline and follow-up. Results: Mean disease duration was 4.67 years. Based on the differences of the EDSS scores between baseline and follow-up, participants were categorized as improving (n = 39; 67.2%), unchanged (n = 13; 22.4%) and deteriorating (n = 6; 10.3%). Deteriorating was related to a higher progression index, and a higher number of attacks, while the annualized relapse rate reflecting the number of attacks per time lapse did not differ between the three groups. Improving was related to a higher intake of rituximab, and to a higher rate of seropositive cases. Unchanged was related to a lower rate of seropositive cases. Factors such as age, gender, somatic and psychiatric comorbidities, symptoms at disease onset, relapse rates, number and location of cervical plaques, or brain plaques and thoracolumbar plaques at baseline did not differ between those improving, deteriorating or remaining unchanged. Conclusions: Among a smaller sample of individuals with NMOSD followed-up about five years later, individuals deteriorating over time reported a higher progression index, while the annualized relapse rate was unrelated to the progress of disease. Overall, it appears that the course of NMOSD over a time lapse of about five years after disease onset is highly individualized. Accordingly, treatment regimen demands a highly individually tailored approach.
The economic impact of recreational trails: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Recreational trails are a type of nature-based tourism providing various activities such as hiking, biking, rafting or horseback riding. Increasing investment in infrastructure and touristic services development has resulted in higher visitor expenditure and thus contributed to economic development. This study aims to review the current economic impact assessment studies on recreational trail tourism and to extract the main economic impact determinants. A systematic literature review analysis was applied in a quantitative approach about economic models, study cases of nature-based tourism, comparison of economic impacts. A qualitative analysis was then applied with an inductive approach to compare the economic impacts of nature-based tourism forms and identify the main determinants of economic impact. This study suggests that I-O is the most suitable theoretical approach to study the economic impact of long-distance trails, while the Keynesian multiplier approach and Ad hoc model are the most suitable approaches to study the economic impact of short-distance trails.
Seismic Response Improvement of Existing Prototype School Buildings Using Water Tanks, Port Said City, Egypt

There is a global trend for seismic response improvement of new buildings to reduce cost and future damage. It is also important to improve existing structures that are designed without consideration of seismic load or using old provisions that cannot meet the new one. The objective of this paper is to draw attention to evaluate existing reinforced concrete school buildings, then to present a proposed methodology to improve the behaviour of such schools with low cost especially in a developing country. The proposed method uses overhead water tanks as a tuned mass damper. A pushover analysis has been performed to evaluate the existing schools and perform a feasibility study to select the best solution to achieve seismic response improvement of the existing structure. Of course, the proposed methodology can be applied easily to other existing structures.
Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Common Leopard Attacks: A Case Study from Aadhikhola Rural Municipality, Syangja

Information on the spatio-temporal patterns of attacks in certain areas contributes to the designing and implementation of effective mitigation measures. The aim of this study was to assess spatial distribution of Common Leopard attacks to highlight conflict risk zone and temporal trend in Aadhikhola Rural Municipality of Syangja districts from 2016 AD to 2019 AD. Data was collected as registered cases caused by Common Leopard at the Division Forest Office, Syangja according to the Wildlife Damage Relief Guideline, 2013 AD. Total cases were 187 with the highest incidents (n=66) in ward no. 4 (Bangsing). The highest cases occurred in summer (44%) followed by spring (20%). By month the highest number of attacks occurred in July (22%) followed by June, May. Most of the attacks occurred inside livestock sheds (84%), during day time (69%), with goats being the major prey. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) was used for safety analysis. Kernel density attack layer was reclassified using the geometric interval algorithm to generate five risk zones of leopard attacks. Wangsing, Deurali, Faparthum, Setidovan were very high risk zone for leopard attacks. Predator-proof corrals/ enclosures and improved herding and guarding practices are suggested to reduce livestock losses.
Existing Evidence for the Repurposing of PARP-1 Inhibitors in Rare Demyelinating Diseases

Simple Summary Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are successful cancer therapeutics that impair DNA repair machinery, leading to an accumulation of DNA damage and consequently cell death. The shared underlying mechanisms driving malignancy and demyelinating disease, together with the success of anticancer drugs as repurposed therapeutics, makes the repurposing of PARP-1 inhibitors for demyelinating diseases a worthy concept to consider. In addition, PARP-1 inhibitors demonstrate notable neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders, including multiple sclerosis which is considered the archetypical demyelinating disease. Abstract Over the past decade, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors have arisen as a novel and promising targeted therapy for breast cancer gene (BRCA)-mutated ovarian and breast cancer patients. Therapies targeting the enzyme, PARP-1, have since established their place as maintenance drugs for cancer. Here, we present existing evidence that implicates PARP-1 as a player in the development and progression of both malignancy and demyelinating disease. These findings, together with the proven clinical efficacy and marketed success of PARP-1 inhibitors in cancer, present the repurposing of these drugs for demyelinating diseases as a desirable therapeutic concept. Indeed, PARP-1 inhibitors are noted to demonstrate neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease, further supporting the use of these drugs in demyelinating, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the potential for repurposing PARP-1 inhibitors, with a focus on rare demyelinating diseases. In particular, we address the possible use of PARP-1 inhibitors in examples of rare leukodystrophies, for which there are a paucity of treatment options and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches.
Essential Oils from Artemisia herba alba Asso., Maticaria Recutita L., and Dittrichia Viscosa L. (Asteraceae): A Promising Source of Eco-Friendly Agents to Control Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. Warehouse Pest

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (C. maculatus) is one of the major pests of legume seeds in storage causing significant damage, leading to food insecurity and low income for farmers. This work was planned to develop eco-friendly agents from essential oils of Artemisia herba alba Asso. (AEO), Maticaria Recutita L. (MEO), and Dittrichia Viscosa L. (DEO) to control C. maculatus. To achieve this goal, essential oils (EOs) were extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus before being characterized by GC-MS. EOs were used for testing purposes using three different tests, namely, inhalation toxicity, contact toxicity, and repellency tests. GC-MS analysis of EOs showed the presence of 16 potentially active compounds in AEO and 38 in MEO, whilst 15 compounds were identified in DEO. AEO was higher in thujone (57.6%) and chrysanthenone (11.8%). Santolina alcohol (40.7%) and germacrene D (8.9%) were the major compounds identified in MEO, whereas isocostic acid (72.3%) was the chief compound of DEO. The obtained findings showed that the studied EOs showed considerable insecticidal activity against C. maculatus with a lethal dose (LC50) of 3.78, 8.86, and 14.34 μL/1 liter of air by AEO, MEO, and DEO, respectively. At 1 μL/1 liter of air, the oviposition reduction rate was 90.02%, 70.65%, and 48.23% by AEO, MEO, and DEO, respectively, whereas the emergence reduction rate was 87.32%, 60.08%, and 32.24% by AEO, MEO, and DEO, respectively. With increasing doses up to 20 μL/L, the reduction of individual emergence reached 98.8% by AEO of 24 h after treatment. AEO, MEO, and DEO showed significant repellent effects against adults of C. maculatus with repulsion percentages of 60.83%, 50.83%, and 72.5%, respectively. The outcome of this work suggests that the essential oils of the studied plants, particularly Artemisia herba alba Asso. oils, can constitute a natural and environmentally friendly alternative to develop new bioinsecticides for the control of C. maculatus.
Sex, Allergic Diseases and Omalizumab

Gender differences are increasingly emerging in every area of medicine including drug therapy; however, specific gender-targeted studies are infrequent. Sex is a fundamental variable, which cannot be neglected. When optimizing therapies, gender pharmacology must always be considered in order to improve the effectiveness and safety of the use of drugs. Knowledge of gender differences promotes appropriate use of therapies and greater health protection for both genders. Further development of gender research would make it possible to report on differences in the assimilation and response of the female organism as compared to the male, in order to identify potential risks and benefits that can be found between genders. Furthermore, a better understanding of sex/gender-related influences, with regard to pharmacological activity, would allow the development of personalized “tailor-made” medicines. Here, we summarize the state of knowledge on the role of sex in several allergic diseases and their treatment with omalizumab, the first biologic drug authorized for use in the field of allergology.
Using Eye Movements to Investigate the Impact of Childhood and Recent Frequency of Occurrence on Word Identification During Reading in College

ABSTRACT During reading, high-frequency words consistently receive shorter fixation durations relative to low-frequency words. However, how frequently a given word is experienced can vary across an individual’s education. In the current study, the effects of both childhood and college-level word frequency on fixation durations were examined to assess the relative role of early childhood and recent frequency of occurrence on word identification during reading. Eye movements were recorded as 40 college students read neutral sentences containing 96 target words. The words varied on childhood and college-level frequency. Length of the sentences and pre-target and post-target characteristics were controlled across the four frequency conditions. Data were analyzed via linear mixed models fit to log-transformed fixation duration measures. Three fixation duration measures were examined to explore the time course of processing. Clear effects of college-level frequency were observed on fixation durations on the target words. The frequency with which a word is recently experienced during college affects word identification time in context. This suggests that the effect of word frequency on fixation durations during sentence reading is experience dependent and further supports the need for eye movement experiments to employ age-appropriate recent frequency estimates.