Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental bonding, depression, and suicidal ideation in medical students

Background The psychological condition of university students has been the focus of research since several years. In this population, prevalence rates of depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety disorders and substance abuse are higher than those of the general population, and medical students are more likely to have mental health issues than other students. Aims This study deals with the psychological condition of medical students, with a focus on correlations between depression, suicidal ideation and the quality of the perceived parenting style. Gender differences were also considered. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of medical students, with an online questionnaire consisting of a personal data sheet for demographic and anamnestic data, and of three self-rating scales: the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), for the screening of depressive symptoms; the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), to assess suicidal ideation; the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), to investigate the memory of the attitude of one’s parents in the first 16 years of life. Two main affective dimensions were considered by PBI: “care” (affection and empathy) and “protection” (intrusiveness, controlling and constraint). Four different patterns of parenting styles are so evidenced: Neglectful Parenting (low care/low protection), Affectionless Control (low care/high protection), Optimal Parenting (high care/low protection), and Affectionate Constraint (high care/high protection). Results Overall, 671 students (182 males and 489 females) participated. Females, compared to males, experienced more distress and self-injurious behaviors, while males experienced more drugs or alcohol abuse. The BHS and BDI-II scores correlated positively with the PBI score for “protection” and negatively with that for “care. ” Affectionless Control and Neglectful Parenting were associated with higher medians of BHS and BDI-II scores. Conclusion The study confirms that the undergraduate medical student population has higher prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation than those detectable in the general population (respectively, 50.2% and 16.7% vs. 15–18% and 9.2%) and that some specific parenting styles correlate with these two clinical variables. The impact of Affectionless Control and Neglectful Parenting on suicidal ideation and depressive symptomatology was more pronounced in females than in males. For males, the role of the father seemed to have less impact on the affective roots of suicidal thoughts and depression.
Variation of natural selection in the Amoebozoa reveals heterogeneity across the phylogeny and adaptive evolution in diverse lineages

The evolution and diversity of the supergroup Amoebozoa is complex and poorly understood. The supergroup encompasses predominantly amoeboid lineages characterized by extreme diversity in phenotype, behavior and genetics. The study of natural selection, a driving force of diversification, within and among species of Amoebozoa will play a crucial role in understanding the evolution of the supergroup. In this study, we searched for traces of natural selection based on a set of highly conserved protein-coding genes in a phylogenetic framework from a broad sampling of amoebozoans. Using these genes, we estimated substitution rates and inferred patterns of selective pressure in lineages and sites with various models. We also examined the effect of selective pressure on codon usage bias and potential correlations with observed biological traits and habitat. Results showed large heterogeneity of selection across lineages of Amoebozoa, indicating potential species-specific optimization of adaptation to their diverse ecological environment. Overall, lineages in Tubulinea had undergone stronger purifying selection with higher average substitution rates compared to Discosea and Evosea. Evidence of adaptive evolution was observed in some representative lineages and in a gene (Rpl7a) within Evosea, suggesting potential innovation and beneficial mutations in these lineages. Our results revealed that members of the fast-evolving lineages, Entamoeba and Cutosea, all underwent strong purifying selection but had distinct patterns of codon usage bias. For the first time, this study revealed an overall pattern of natural selection across the phylogeny of Amoebozoa and provided significant implications on their distinctive evolutionary processes.
Deconstruction of physical fitness assessment system and medical rehabilitation countermeasures for physically disabled teenagers with natural language processing technology

Disability is a component of social relations and the existence of social reality. An effective solution to the problem of persons with disabilities is a measure of human civilization and social progress. The strength of the implementation of disability policy is the key to the realization of the original intention of “effectively solving the problem of disabled persons and promoting their development”. The purpose of this paper is to study the physical fitness evaluation system and medical rehabilitation strategies of physically handicapped adolescents with natural language processing technology. It mainly adopts literature research, interview and comparative analysis. Taking the rehabilitation policy for the disabled as the research starting point, the current situation of mental health of physically disabled adolescents will be examined, and the influence of physical exercise attitude and exercise level on mental health will be explored. And by comparing the difference in physical exercise level and mental health of physically handicapped youth and able-bodied youth, the effect of physical exercise on mental health of physically handicapped youth is further explained. This paper selects a total of 760 physically disabled students and able-bodied students from a secondary school as subjects, and uses research methods such as questionnaire survey and computer test to investigate the current situation of mental health of physically disabled adolescents and the relationship between physical exercise and mental health. The experimental results show that the spatiotemporal judgment experiment uses pixel difference as an indicator, and the judgment error of limb residual limbs is significantly larger than that of healthy limbs (p < 0.01). In the span of spatial location memory, the grades of the limb-restrained students were significantly lower than that of the able-bodied students (p < 0.05).
The association between digitalization and mental health: The mediating role of wellbeing at work

The study aims to measure the mediating relationship of wellbeing at work between digitalization (IT infrastructure, IT business spanning, and IT proactive stance) and their effect on mental health. The study uses primary data collection techniques to gather data and used purposive sampling to analyze the data. The sample size of the study is 349 respondents. The research uses Smart PLS software to measure the relationship through bootstrapping and algorithms. The study finds a significant positive mediating role of wellbeing between digitalization (IT infrastructure, IT business spanning, and IT proactive stance) and their effect on mental health. The study outcomes are helpful for managers and policymakers.
Selection of Staphylococcus aureus in a murine nasopharyngeal colonization model

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is a risk factor for infection. A large proportion of the population are identified as potential S. aureus carriers yet we only partially understand the repertoire of genetic factors that promote long-term nasal colonization. Here we present a murine model of nasopharyngeal colonization that requires a low S. aureus inoculum and is amenable to experimental evolution approaches. We used this model to experimentally evolve S. aureus using successive passages in the nasopharynx to identify those genetic loci under selection. After 3 cycles of colonization, mutations were identified in mannitol, sorbitol, arginine, nitrite and lactate metabolism genes promoting key pathways in nasal colonization. Stress responses were identified as being under selective pressure, with mutations in DNA repair genes including dnaJ and recF and key stress response genes clpL, rpoB and ahpF. Peptidoglycan synthesis pathway genes also revealed mutations indicating potential selection for alteration of the cell surface. The murine model used here is versatile to question colonization, persistence and evolution studies. We studied the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus in our search to determine factors that contribute to its ability to live in the human nose and throat. The anterior nares and nasopharynx are considered primary habitats but we do not understand how the pathogen adapts as it moves from one person to the next. We first determined sustained survival of the pathogen over multiple days in the nasopharynx that might act as a good model for human persistence due to the low numbers of bacteria needed for it to establish. By using successive rounds of colonization of the nasopharynx across different mice we revealed that multiple genetic changes in the S. aureus occurred. These changes were found in genes associated with the cell surface and metabolism and might indicate adaptation to the niche. One gene showed an accumulation of multiple mutations supporting a key contribution in adaptation but the role of the protein it encodes is not yet known. The contribution of these genes and genetic changes are unclear but indicate an area for future research to better understand how this common human pathogen is so successful at human colonization and survival.
Riverine macroplastic gradient along watercourses: A global overview

Nowadays, plastics represent growing concern in aquatic habitats, harming more and more both ecosystem and human health. Since rivers are the main carriers of plastics to the sea, some studies were conducted on the transport of overall small plastics, but observations on big plastics (i.e., macroplastics) in rivers are poorly reported in the literature. Although most studies focused on plastic transport in the lower part of the rivers, research on the upper and middle zones are completely lacking. In this regard, this could influence the transport of plastics to the sea, with insights into the source and origin of macroplastics. Here, we aimed at overviewing macroplastic distribution along rivers, emphasizing on the global riverine plastic hotspot areas. First, 1) we analyzed and discussed the bibliometric analysis on macroplastics in rivers providing a framework for plastic pollution management. second, 2) we provided geographical insights into macroplastics by mapping global riverine plastic hotspot areas. Then, 3) we analyzed the main factors affecting macroplastic distribution and accumulation in rivers. Furthermore, 4) we assessed crucial gaps in riverine macroplastic accumulation, highlighting the importance of a plastic gradient in the horizontal transport along the entire river course (i.e., three river zones). Then, 5) we highlighted the lack of standardization regarding macroplastic size, concentration, and polymers that does not allow valuable comparisons among studies. At the end, 6) we concluded by providing future perspectives and conclusions on macroplastic distribution and accumulation in rivers worldwide. Our results might provide new insights into a comprehensive framework of macroplastic distribution along global rivers, suggesting the river rod approach as a way for future monitoring as all the complete course of a river plays a pivotal role in accumulating macroplastics.
Sleep health and its related influencing factors in primary and middle school students in Fuzhou: A large multi-center cross-sectional study

Background This current study set out to investigate the status of sleep health in 7–20-year-old students in Fuzhou and explore the related influencing factors of sleep health. Methods A total of 38,467 children and adolescents in Fuzhou were included in the study through a random stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected from May to June 2019, in 18 primary schools and 18 middle schools from nine districts, Fuzhou. Children's parents and adolescents of sampled classes were invited to fill out a series of questionnaires about the performance of the last 6 months (sociodemographic characteristics, sleep-related lifestyle behaviors, and electronic-products usage). Multiple linear regression was carried out to analyze data. Results Of the total 40,888 questionnaires we released, 38,467 were valid and effective with the response rate was 94.08%. The age of the surveyed participants was 11.85 ± 3.1, including 20,013 boys and 18,454 girls. The multiple linear regression analysis identified factors associated with sleep health (p < 0.05): Boy (coef = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.030–0.115), age (coef = 1.797, 95% CI: 0.224–0.243), key school (coef = 2.069, 95% CI: 0.105–0.193), urban (coef = 0.096, 95% CI: 0.054–0.139), excessive daytime sleepiness (coef = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.432–0.639), unhealthy sleep habits (coef = 0.363, 95% CI: 0.307–0.419), eating before sleep (coef = 0.578, 95% CI: 0.527–0.630), using electronic products in bedroom (coef = 0.074, 95% CI: 0.028–0.121), screen time per day during school (coef = 0.260, 95% CI: 0.235–0.284), frequency of using electronics 30 min before bedtime (coef = 0.150, 95% CI: 0.134–0.166), strained relationship with parents (coef = 0.361, 95% CI: 0.270–0.452), strained relationship with peers (coef = 0.267, 95% CI: 0.171–0.363), excessive homework or learning (coef = 0.189, 95% CI: 0.141–0.237), time for doing homework (coef = 0.266, 95% CI: 0.245–0.287), and mood swings frequently (coef = 1.174, 95% CI: 1.127–1.221) negatively impact sleep health. Sleep alone (coef = −0.204, 95% CI: −0.262–0.147) were the risk factors for sleep health. Furthermore, frequent mood swings was considered the most influential factor on overall variables. Conclusions Sleep health is associated with factors covered sociodemographic characteristics, family sleep habits, and routine activities before bedtime. Multiple measures should be taken to improve sleep quality in a targeted manner.
Antitumor Activity of ;D T Cells Reactive against Cytomegalovirus-Infected Cells in a Mouse Xenograft Tumor Model

;D T cells recognize stress-induced autoantigens and contri-bute to immunity against infections and cancer. Our previous study revealed that V D 2-negative ( neg ) ;D T lymphocytes isolated from transplant recipients infected by cytomegalovirus (CMV) killed both CMV-infected cells and HT29 colon cancer cells in vitro . To investigate the antitumor effects of V D 2 neg clones in vivo , we generated hypodermal HT29 tumors in immunodeficient mice. Concomitant injections of V D 2 neg clones, in contrast to V D 2 + cells, prevented the development of HT29 tumors. V D 2 neg clones expressed chemokine C-C motif receptor 3 (CCR3) and migrated in vitro in response to chemokines secreted by HT29 cells, among which were the CCR3 ligands macrophage inflammatory protein-1 D and monocyte chemoattractant protein-4. More importantly, a systemic i.p. treatment with V D 2 neg clones delayed the growth of HT29 s.c. tumors. The effect of in vivo ;D T-cell passive immunotherapy on tumor growth could be reverted by addition of a blocking anti-CCR3 antibody. ;D T-cell passive immunotherapy was dependent on the cytotoxic activity of the ;D effectors toward their targets because V D 2 neg clones were not able to inhibit the growth of A431 hypodermal tumors. Our findings suggest that CMV-specific V D 2 neg cells could target in vivo cancer cells, making them an attractive candidate for antitumor immunotherapy. Res 2009;69(9):3971–8] recognition (22). The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo antitumor reactivity of anti-CMV V y 2 neg clones, including their ability to inhibit tumor growth as well as their migratory potential toward cancer cells. To this aim, we used immunodeficient Rag (cid:1) / (cid:1) g c (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice and xenografted HT29 cells under the skin. First, we show that local treatment with V y 2 neg clones is able to arrest tumor growth. Next, we show a C-C motif receptor 3 (CCR3)-dependent migration of 4-29 clones in vitro and identify MIP-1 y
Nitric oxide induces [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i oscillations in pituitary GH 3 cells: involvement of I DR and ERG K (cid:1) currents

Nitric oxide induces [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i oscillations in pituitary GH 3 cells: involvement of I DR and ERG K (cid:1) currents. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol role of nitric oxide (NO) in the occurrence of intracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) concentration ([Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i ) oscillations in pituitary GH 3 cells was evaluated by studying the effect of increas- ing or decreasing endogenous NO synthesis with L -arginine and nitro- L -arginine methyl ester ( L -NAME), respectively. When NO synthesis was blocked with L -NAME (1 mM) [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i , oscillations disappeared in 68% of spontaneously active cells, whereas 41% of the quiescent cells showed [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i oscillations in response to the NO synthase (NOS) substrate L -arginine (10 mM). This effect was reproduced by the NO donors NOC-18 and S -nitroso- N -acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). NOC-18 was ineffective in the presence of the L-type voltage-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) channels (VDCC) blocker nimodipine (1 (cid:2) M) or in Ca 2 (cid:1) -free medium. Conversely, its effect was preserved when Ca 2 (cid:1) release from intracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) stores was inhibited either with the ryanodine-receptor blocker ryanodine (500 (cid:2) M) or with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor blocker xestospongin C (3 (cid:2) M). These results suggest that NO induces the appearance of [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i oscillations by determining Ca 2 (cid:1) inﬂux. Patch-clamp experiments excluded that NO acted directly on VDCC but suggested that NO determined membrane depolarization because of the inhibition of voltage-gated K (cid:1) channels. NOC-18 and SNAP caused a decrease in the amplitude of slow-inactivating ( I DR ) and ether-a`-go-go-related gene ( ERG ) hyperpolarization-evoked, deactivating K (cid:1) currents. Similar results were obtained when GH 3 cells were treated with L -arginine. The present study suggests that in GH 3 cells, endogenous NO plays a permissive role for the occurrence of spontaneous [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i oscillations through an inhibitory effect on I DR and on I ERG . voltage-gated potassium channels; ether-a`-go-go-related gene potassium channels; slow-inactivating outward currents; fast-inactivating outward currents
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Aspects of the QCD (cid:18) -vacuum

: This paper addresses two aspects concerning the (cid:18) -vacuum of Quantum Chromodynamics. First, large- N c chiral perturbation theory is used to calculate the (cid:12)rst two non-trivial cumulants of the distribution of the winding number, i.e. the topological susceptibility, (cid:31) top , and the fourth cumulant, c 4 , up to next-to-leading order. Their large- N c scaling is discussed, and compared to lattice results. It is found that (cid:31) top = O ( N 0 c ), as known before, and c 4 = O ( N (cid:0) 3 c ), correcting the assumption of O ( N (cid:0) 2 c ) in the literature. Second, we discuss the properties of QCD at (cid:18) (cid:24) (cid:25) using chiral perturbation theory for the case of 2+1 light (cid:13)avors, i.e. by taking the strange quark mass heavier than the degenerate up and down quark masses. It is shown that | in accordance with previous (cid:12)ndings for N f = 2 and N f = 3 mass-degenerate (cid:13)avors | in the region (cid:18) (cid:24) (cid:25) two vacuum states coexist, which become degenerate at (cid:18) = (cid:25) . The wall tension of the energy barrier between these degenerate vacua is determined as well as the decay rate of a false vacuum. N c scalings of (cid:31) top and c 4 . The of measurements is still while deduce the exact scaling of (cid:31) top and c 4 from the The best lattice data are achieved by those derived here for (cid:31) top in -expansion. The results derived in the present study are hence very well also consistent with the recent results from lattice simulations, though it is of desirable that future research provides more (and more precise) lattice data in order to con(cid:12)rm our (cid:12)nding.
Potassium Transport in Corn Roots'

The relative transport capabilities of the cells of the root periphery and cortex were investigated using a variety of experimental techniques. Brief(30 seconds to 1 minute) exposures with the penetrating sulfhydryl reagent, N-ethyl maleimide (NEM), and the impermeant reagent, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid (PCMBS), dramatically reduced "Rb* (0.2 millimolar RbCl) uptake into 2 centimeter corn (Z&a mays IA632 x (C3640 x Oh43)D root segents. Autoradiographic llization studies with pHINEM and I3HgPCNMBS demonstrated that, during short term exposures with either reagent, sulfhydryl binding occurred almost exclusively in the cells of the root periphery. Corn root cortical protoplasts were isolated, and exhibited significant K+(MRb+) influx. The kinetics for KV uptake were studied; the influx isotherms were smooth, nonsaturating curves that approached linearity at higher Kl(Rb+) concentrations (above I millimolar K). These kinetics were identical in shape to the complex kinetics previously observed for K uptake in corn roots (Kochi-n, Lucas 1982 Plant Physiol 70: 1723-1731), and could be resolved into a saturable and a first order kinetic component. The existence of a hypodermal apoplastic barrier was investigated. The be excluded the cortex the hypodermis. an resulting autoradiography demonstrted that the hypodermis was not a barrier to apoplastic movement of PCMBS. These results suggest that algh c il cells possess the capacity to absorb ions, K influx at low concentrations is limited to the root periphery. Cortical cell uptake appears to be repressed under these conditions. At higher concentrations, cortical cells may functio to absorb KV. Such a model may involve regulation of cortical cell ion transport capacity.
Effect of Storage and Layer Age on Quality of Eggs From Two Lines of Hens 1

Eggs from ISA-White and ISA-Brown hens between 28 and 59 wk of age were stored for up to 10 d to produce a sample of 5,763 eggs differing in the three major determinants of albumen quality. Eggs from ISA-Brown hens were larger and had less yolk, more albumen, and a greater percentage of shell than those from ISA-White hens. Egg size increased with increasing age of the hen, although more for the ISA-White hens than the ISA-Brown hens, and the yolk increased more in size than did the shell and albumen. During storage, albumen weight decreased and yolk weight increased slightly. The height of the inner thick albumen of eggs from ISA-White hens