Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taxon-related Diversity Patterns From The Continental Shelf To The Slope: A Case Study On Nematodes From The Western Indian Ocean

A study was carried out across the continental shelf and slope in the Western Indian Ocean along the Kenyan margin to unravel depth-related species diversity patterns portrayed by different nematode families. Sediment samples were collected along four bathymetric transects at 20, 50, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 m. Three nematode families were selected for species analysis, based on their general occurrence with relatively high numbers and diversity from shelf to slope. All three families exhibited a distinctly different shelf and slope nematode species community. However, all three families also had a significant proportion of species that displayed a eurybathic distribution. Coincidentally, Microlaimidae, the least species-rich family had the most eurybathic species (75%) compared to Comesomatidae (39%) and Chromadoridae (32%). Total number of species per depth zone along the sampled area (gamma diversity) was three to four times the average number of species (alpha) per station. The difference was more pronounced at the slope than at the shelf. The species turnover was also higher at the slope than at the shelf stations. Each of the three families had a different diversity pattern: Comesomatidae showed a peak at mid-depth, Chromadoridae increased with depth, and Microlaimidae showed no prominent change with depth. When the three families were combined, the shelf maintained a lower diversity compared to the slope (both local and regional). There was no consistency between genus and species diversity patterns with depth, indicating that genus diversity data may not be a proxy for species diversity. At the lowest taxonomic level (species), the slope showed a higher diversity than the shelf, whereas at higher (genus) taxonomic level the diversity was comparable between the slope and the shelf. The number of species encountered increased with the number of samples analysed and did not reach asymptote, meaning that the area was still under-sampled. This situation points to the possibility of an even higher regional diversity.
Naïve News Trading: Experimental Evidence

This study documents experimental evidence that naive beliefs about the behavior of others contribute to excessive trading. The mechanism is based on the idea that when people process new information they naively neglect other market participants’ reaction to the information and consequently trade too much. In a series of laboratory experiments, I find that people actively trade on information that they should expect to be already incorporated into the price by other players. In line with naive news trading, people underestimate the response of others to new information and consequently trade too much compared to the rational benchmark. A simple model with naive investors who partially neglect that other investors respond to new information provides a good fit of the observed trading behavior.
Breast cancer brain metastases show increased levels of genomic aberration-based homologous recombination deficiency scores relative to their corresponding primary tumors

Due to its mechanism of action, PARP inhibitor therapy is expected to benefit mainly tumor cases with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Various measures of genomic scarring based HRD scores were developed as a companion diagnostic in order to correlate it with PARP inhibitor sensitivity. We compared a variety of HRD scores in primary tumors and their corresponding brain metastases and found a significant increase in this measure in brain metastases for all measures of HRD that were tested. This discrepancy warrants further investigation to assess whether this observation is common to other metastatic sites, and potentially a significant adjustment of strategy in the application of HRD measures in clinical trials for the prioritization of patients for PARP inhibitor therapy. Key message We quantified homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in paired primary breast cancer and brain metastases samples based on a previously published data set. We showed that HRD significantly increases in the brain metastases relative to its paired primary tumor. An independent validation was also performed on another set of primary breast cancer and brain metastasis pairs using the “my choice” HRD score in collaboration with Myriad Genetics. These confirmatory results suggest that brain metastases of breast cancer tend to have significantly higher HRD scores, which would prioritize those patients for PARP inhibitor therapy with those agents that cross the blood brain barrier such as veliparib and niraparib.
A Website Quality Model Investigating the Loyalty of South African Consumers towards Travel Websites

Due to the increase in the need for travel by international visitors, it is important that organisations consider key attributes of website quality, namely information quality and system quality to encourage and enhance consumer loyalty overtime. Drawing from Delone and McLean’s theory, this research argues that information quality and system quality are antecedents of travel website quality, of which the latter is a predictor of consumer loyalty. A quantitative research approach was adopted by way of a survey methodology and data were analysed usingSmart PLS software for structural equation modelling (SEM). Based on the theoretical review, a research framework detailing the hypotheses relationships among the research constructs was developed. Based on the research findings, the results provide support for the proposed positive relationships among the research constructs.
Yearling proportion correlates with habitat structure in a boreal forest landbird community

Landbird vital rates, such as productivity and adult survivorship, can be estimated by modeling mist-netting capture data. The proportion in which an adult breeding bird is 1 year of age (a “yearling”), however, has been studied only minimally in a few landbird species. Here we relate yearling proportion to habitat-structure covariates, including reclamation age, in a boreal forest landbird community. Data were collected at 35 constant-effort mist-netting stations over a 6-year period, and consisted of 12,714 captures of adults, of 29 landbird species, including 4,943 captures of yearlings. Accuracy of age determination (yearling or older) was assessed based on recapture data and error rates were estimated at a mean of 8.1% (range 0.0–19.4%) among the 29 species, with 20 species showing age-error rates <10%. The estimated mean yearling proportion was 0.407, ranging from 0.178 to 0.613 among species. Remote-sensed Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), a measure of habitat greenness, was positively correlated with age since reclamation up to 20 years, at which time it became comparable to that of natural stations. The probability of capturing a yearling for species associated with mature forest was lower at stations with higher EVI and the opposite was the case for species favoring successional habitats. These results suggest that yearling birds are being excluded from preferred breeding habitats by older birds through despotism and/or that yearlings are simply selecting poorer habitat due to lack of breeding experience or other factors. This dynamic appears to be operating in multiple species within this forest landbird community. Captured yearlings may also be “floaters”, or non-breeding individuals not holding territories. However, presuming that yearlings show lower reproductive success whether floating or not, our results suggest that stations with high yearling proportions could be located within sink as opposed to source habitats. Overall, we infer that yearling proportion may become an important vital-rate measure of habitat quality and reclamation efforts, when combined with indices of population size, productivity, reproductive condition and survivorship.
Analisis Formularium RSUD Cimacan Tahun 2017

ABSTRAK Rumah sakit harus memberikan pelayanan kesehatan menyeluruh, terpadu dan berkesinambungan yang dalam penyelenggaraannya rumah sakit tidak terlepas dari pelayanan farmasi. Kebutuhan akan penyediaan dan pemakaian obat-obatan yang berkualitas dan rasional diatur dalam sistem formularium dimana obat-obatan yang dipakai terdapat dalam buku formularium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa formularium RSUD Cimacan dilihat dari penyusunan, pemeliharaan dan evaluasi obat formularium. Evaluasi obat formularium dengan melakukan analisis ABC pemakaian, investasi, indeks kritis dan VEN sehingga didapatkan hasil berupa usulan revisi formularium RSUD Cimacan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasilnya adalah proses penyusunan formularium RSUD Cimacan belum optimal, prosedur pemeliharaan formularium sudah ada namun belum lengkap, pengadaan dan peresepan belum sesuai formularium. Ditemukan 495.690 pemakaian obat non formularium dan 201 jenis obat non formularium yang disediakan di instalasi farmasi. Ada 322 jenis obat formularium yang dipakai (43%), ada 21 jenis obat dengan nilai investasi RP. 3.001. 658.694. Hanya 31 jenis obat yang sangat kritis dan 39 jenis obat yang Vital terhadap pelayanan pasien. ABSTRACT Hospitals must provide comprehensive, integrated and sustainable health services which in the organization of the hospital is inseparable from pharmaceutical services. The need for the provision and use of qualified and rational medicines is regulated in the formulary system where the drugs used are contained in the formulary book. The purpose of this study was to analyze the formulary of RSUD Cimacan seen from the preparation, maintenance and evaluation of formulary drugs. Evaluation of formulary drugs by performing ABC analysis of use, investment, critical index and VEN to obtain the result of proposed revision formulary of RSUD Cimacan. This research uses qualitative approach. The result is the process of formulary of RSUD Cimacan not optimal, procedure of maintenance of formulary already exist but not yet complete, procurement and prescription not according to formulary. 495,690 non-formulary drug use and 201 kinds of non-formulary drugs were provided in pharmaceutical installations. There are 322 kinds of formulary drugs used (43%), there are 21 types of drugs with an investment value of RP. 3.001. 658.694. Only 31 types of drugs are very critical and 39 types of drugs are Vital to patient care.
AMPK, signalisation hypoxique et métabolisme tumoral

Les tumeurs solides sont souvent confrontees a un environnement deficient en oxygene, dit hypoxique. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF1) est le facteur de transcription cle de l’adaptation cellulaire a l’hypoxie, regulant de nombreux genes impliques dans l’angiogenese, le metabolisme cellulaire ou la regulation du pH. Ma these s’articule en trois axes autour de HIF1 et de la reprogrammation metabolique hypoxique. J’ai d’abord etudie Factor-Inhibiting HIF1 (FIH), l’un des deux senseurs d’oxygene regulant HIF1. Nous avons montre que FIH est essentiel dans le developpement tumoral en inhibant a la fois l’activite transcriptionnelle de HIF1 et la voie p53-p21. J’ai ensuite etudie le « shift » du metabolisme cellulaire vers la glycolyse induit par HIF1, generant une addiction pour le glucose. Nos travaux ont montre que paradoxalement, les cellules hypoxiques synthetisent du glycogene via HIF1 constituant ainsi une reserve de glucose intracellulaire. Le glycogene confere alors une resistance accrue des cellules tumorales suite a une carence en glucose. Enfin, j’ai pu montrer que l’AMPK, « gardien de la balance energetique », n’est pas necessaire au maintien d’un niveau viable d’ATP suite a l’inhibition de la glycolyse, via le blocage de l’export de lactate, mais exerce, un effet protecteur en absence de glucose. Cependant, l’inhibition conjointe du transporteur de lactate, MCT4, et de l’AMPK reduit fortement le developpement tumoral dans un modele de xenogreffes chez la souris, suggerant un role crucial de ces deux acteurs dans ce contexte. L’ensemble de ces travaux a permis d’identifier plusieurs cibles potentielles impliquees dans la plasticite metabolique en hypoxie.
The effect of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis on reproduction and survival of wood bison in Wood Buffalo National Park

Summary 1 Wood bison (Bison bison athabascae L.) abundance in Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, declined from an excess of 10 000 bison in the late 1960s to a low of 2200 bison in the late 1990s. 2 Bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) and brucellosis (Brucella abortus), were introduced to Wood Buffalo National Park in the late 1920s. As each of these pathogens has the potential to reduce survival and reproduction in bison, they are suspected to have played a role in the decline in bison abundance. 3 We live-captured bison in the winters of 1997–2000, tested for tuberculosis, brucellosis and pregnancy and released animals with radio transmitters to evaluate survival. 4 We found that bison that were positive for both diseases were less likely to be pregnant or to survive the winter than bison positive for one or neither disease. Further, in one population, bison that were tuberculosis-positive had a substantially lower pregnancy probability. 5 Demonstrating a negative effect of diseases on survival and reproduction is a necessary, but not sufficient, test of the role of diseases in bison population decline.
Functional Analyses of West Nile Virus (WNV) Bicistronic Replicons Containing Different Sequence Elements and of Simian Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (SHFV) Polyprotein Processing

The flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) encodes a single polyprotein that is processed into three structural and seven nonstructural proteins. Various WNV bicistronic replicons that direct cap-dependent translation of an N-terminal viral capsid or capsid/Renilla luciferase fusion protein as well as IRES-dependent translation of the nonstructural proteins were constructed. An original replicon consisting of the WNV 5' NCR, the 5' 198 nts of the capsid coding sequence, which included the 5' cyclization sequence (Cyc), and an EMCV IRES followed by the WNV nonstructural genes and 3' NCR was generated. Real time qRT-PCR analysis of intracellular levels of this replicon RNA showed a 4 fold increase by 96 hr after transfection of BHK cells. Increasing the distance between the 5' Cyc and IRES by insertion of a 5' IRES flanking sequence alone or together with a Renilla luciferase reporter did not increase RNA replication. Addition of only a reporter decreased RNA replication. The insertion of an extended capsid coding sequence also did not enhance RNA replication, but did enhance both capand IRES-dependent translation of replicon RNA, as indicated by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. These results suggest the presence of a translation enhancer in the 3' portion of the capsid coding region. Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) is a member of the family Arteriviridae, order Nidovirales. SHFV is unique among Nidoviruses in having three instead of two papain-like cysteine protease (PCP) motifs designated α, β, and γ, within the N-terminal region of its ORF1a. Mutations of putative PCP cleavage sites showed that the most efficient cleavage was by PCPβ at its downstream cleavage site. A large deletion located between the two catalytic residues of PCPα was hypothesized to render this protease inactive. However, processing was observed at the cleavage site following PCPα. Mutational analyses confirmed that PCPα is an inactive protease, and that the cleavage sites downstream of PCPα are cleaved by PCPγ. When the catalytic residues of PCPγ were mutated, PCPβ was also able to back cleave at these sites. This "back" cleavage is a previously unreported activity for an arterivirus PCP. INDEX WORDS: West Nile virus, Replicon, IRES, Capsid, RNA Replication, Translation, Simian hemorrhagic fever virus, Papain-like cysteine protease. Functional analyses of West Nile virus (WNV) bicistronic replicons containing different sequence elements and of simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) polyprotein processing by Gertrud U. Radu A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University
Original Article Perivascular Neuritic Dystrophy Associated with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer's Disease

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) affects both leptomeningeal and parenchymal blood vessels and is common in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In some vessels, CAA is accompanied by localized neuritic dystrophy around the affected blood vessel. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution and severity of perivascular neuritic dystrophy in primary visual and visual association cortices. The severity of perivascular neuritic dystrophy and Aβ deposition was scored in an association cortex (Brodmann area 18) and a primary cortex (Brodmann area 17) with double labeling immunohistochemistry for tau and Aβ in 31 cases of AD with severe CAA. The perivascular tau neuritic dystrophy score was significantly worse in visual association cortex than in primary visual cortex. On the other hand, there was no difference in the perivascular Aβ score between the two cortices. There were positive correlations between the severity of perivascular tau and perivascular Aβ scores for both primary and association cortices. The results suggest that the local neuronal environment determines the severity and nature of the perivascular neuritic pathology more than the severity of the intrinsic vascular disease and suggest a close association between perivascular amyloid deposits, so-called dyshoric angiopathy, and perivascular neuritic
Management of a chronic necrotizing wound in a dog using natural honey therapy.

: Infected skin wounds are common in pet animals. Following an infected severe bite wound in a dog with marked necrotic aftermath, natural honey was successfully used alongside systemic antibiotic therapy to hasten healing. The condition improved with speed and regeneration of skin tissue, avoiding sloughing. The wound took 168 days to heal and to form a scar. Natural honey can be considered as a wound management tool, as it is both highly effective, can render a low cost therapy and less managemental expenditure compared to other specialized therapies and techniques. Wound healing from a complex tissue repairing to replace devitalized and missing process is divided into
Airborne Pollen Grains of Afyon,Turkey

The airborne pollen grains of Afyon have been studied for a two-year period(1999-2000)with a Durham sampler,A total of 14367 pollen grains belonging to 40 taxa have been identified and recorded with some unidentified ones.Of them,6732 were identified in 1999 and 7635 in 2000.Of the total pollen grains,69.67% were arboreal,26.64% on-arboreal and 3.68% unidentified.The majority of the investigated pollen grains were from Pinus,Granineae,Cupressaceae,Platamus,Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae,Quercus,Ailanthus,Moraceae,Juglans,Salix,Cedrus and Rosaceae.The highest level of pollen grains was in May.
Counting infective-stage nematode larvae in rumen fluid as an indicator of parasite challenge in grazing sheep

The aim of this study was to evaluate rumen fluid sampling as a novel method for quantifying nematode challenge encountered by grazing sheep. In Experiment 1, rumen fluid samples were seeded with known numbers of third stage infective larvae (L3) of Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Cooperia curticei. Immediate recovery rates averaged 92% (Coefficient of variation, 13%), 53% (15%) and 50% (30%) for each species respectively. Recovery rates from rumen fluid stored at 7°C decreased to 44% (29%), 33% (18%) and 0% (0%) after 72 hours. In Experiment 2, 15 ewe hoggets maintained indoors were dosed with 5,000 L3 T. circumcincta and 5,000 L3 T. colubriformis. At 1, 2 and 12 hours after dosing the numbers of L3 recovered from the rumen fluid were 0.2 (125%), 0.16 (145%) and 0.01 L3/mL (300%) respectively. In Experiment 3, rumen fluid samples were taken from small groups of lambs grazing four paddocks with variable herbage infestation rates of mixed species of L3. Species composition of L3 on the herbage and in the rumen fluid was T. circumcincta 8% and 0%; T. colubriformis 27% and 19%; C. curticei 0% and 5%; Nematodirus spp. 63% and 69% and Haemonchus contortus 2% and 9%. A significant number of technical challenges remain before the method has a practical application.
Response of composts and industrial by - products for yield and quality of maize

Pot experiment was conducted in Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of Cuddalore district , Tamil Nadu . The soil classified as Typic Haplusterts having clay loam texture . The available nutrient status was low in N ,high in P and medium in K.The treatments considered of T1 Control 100 % RDF, T2 100 % RDF + Municipal Solid Waste Compost @ 5 t ha , T3-100 % RDF + Municipal Solid Waste Compost @ 10 t ha , T4 -100 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha −1 , T5 -100 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha , T6 -100 % RDF + Bagasse Ash @ 5 t ha −1 , T7 100 % RDF + Bagasse Ash @ 10 t ha , T8 100 % RDF + Lignite Flyash @ 5 t ha , T9 100 % RDF + Lignite Flyash @ 10 t ha . All the pots were applied with recommended dose of fertilizers 135:62.5 :50 of N: P2 O5: K2O Kg ha. The highest grain yield of 416.8 g pot and stover yield of 545.9 g pot was obtained with treatment T5 receiving 100 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha. The highest nitrogen uptake in grain ( 6.09 g pot ) and stover ( 2.268 g pot ) , phosphorus uptake of grain (1.060 g pot ) and stover (0.615 g pot ) , potassium uptake of grain (1.157 g pot ) and stover (3.976 g pot ) registered due to the application of 100 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha (T5 ).
Effects of obesity and 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) treatment on hepatic CYP 1A1 expression in ovariectomized obese Zucker rats

There is a link between obesity and increased risk of breast cancer among post‐menopausal women. Recently, we have shown that obesity increases the rate of the DMBA‐induced mammary tumor development in intact and ovariectomized Zucker rats. Several data suggest that DMBA require metabolic activation in order to exert their carcinogenic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of obesity on hepatic expression of CYP1A1 following treatment in obese and lean ovariectomized female Zucker rats. Forty day‐old, ovariectomized obese (n=20) and lean (n=20), female Zucker rats were kept on AIN‐93 G diet and 10 days later were orally gavaged with either with sesame oil (control) or with 65 mg/kg DMBA in sesame oil and were sacrificed 24 hrs post‐DMBA treatment. Liver microsomes were prepared and CYP 1A1 expression were measured by Western blotting using goat anti‐mouse CYP 1A1. DMBA treatment significantly (p<0.001) increased expression of CYP 1A1 in lean and obese ovariectomized rats compared to control group. Obese rats had higher basal CYP 1A1 expression compared to lean rats. These data suggest that obesity can increase expression of enzymes that are responsible for DMBA metabolism using ovariectomized zucker rat model. Also, DMBA treatment will increase the expression of CYP 1A1. (Supported by Susan G. Komen Foundation and ABI to RH).