Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role and Influence of Vihiga County Government in the Implementation of the Early Childhood Development and Education (ECDE) Curriculum

The involvement of devolved government in the implementation of an ECDE curriculum is critical to the academic future of preschoolers. The ECDE centers require improvement which calls for enhanced support, financial or otherwise, not only from the county government but from other stakeholders as well. In the wake of a new political dispensation that saw most of hitherto centralized functions of the national government being devolved to county governments, the implementation of ECDE curricula across Kenya too became a devolved function. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to establish the role and influence of Vihiga County government in the implementation of the Early Childhood Development and Education (ECDE) Curriculum. Gross’s Theory of Curriculum Implementation guided this study. The study applied a descriptive survey as the central design targeting ECDE teachers, ECDE curriculum implementation stakeholders, Curriculum Staff Officers, and Quality Assurance Officers in Vihiga County. Stratified random sampling was employed to raise a study sample of 20%. The questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection, but an interview schedule was used too. The study established that the devolved government plays a pivotal role in the process of ECDE curriculum implementation. Furthermore, the study found that the County government of Vihiga has registered significant success in as far as the provision of teaching and learning materials goes, but more effort is required to ensure human resource development which is key in the ECDE curriculum implementation process.
Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge toward Sleeve Gastrectomy in Surgical Unit at Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate

A sleeve gastrectomy is a life changing surgery which used for helping patients who are severing from obesity (BMI 40+ or BMI 35+ with other health problems) for losing weight and enhance their health weight loss help to less the risk for development medical conditions related to obesity as high blood pressure, D.M, arthritis, respiration problems), the sleeve gastrectomy operation makes stomach small to change the amount of meals, and it helps to losing weight. This study aims to assess nurses’ knowledge toward quantification sleeve gastrostomy in surgical unit and to identify the relationship between nurses’ knowledge about quantification sleeve gastrostomy and their sociodemographic data in surgical unit. A quantitative descriptive design is used in the present study to perform objectives. A purposive sampling method; 40 nurses distributed on hospitals in surgical units, the data collection used through constructed questions divided to demographic data and nurses’ knowledge, and data analyzed by descriptive analysis and an Inferential analysis. Nurses’ knowledge about sleeve gastrostomy was ranging between poor to moderate, and as general the total score of nurses’ knowledge was poor and no significant association between nurses’ knowledge and their demographic characteristics.
Cosmetic-Regulations, Research & Marketing challenges and global compliance: An overview

The prime motive of any regulatory compliance is to provide a quality product which is safe and effective to human use. With the same notion of quality, safety and efficacy along withsome prime regulatory requirements like nomenclature & labelling comprise the cosmetic legislations in order to regulate the cosmetic products in the market. The safety assessments of cosmetic products are affected by the differences outlined by the regulatory authorities acrossthe globe.
Factors Influencing the Severity of Intersection Crashes in Bangladesh

Intersections are hazardous locations, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh where an increasing trend of injury severity in the past nine years has been observed. In this study, a partially constrained generalized ordered logit model is applied to a sample of crash data from 1998 to 2006 to determine the factors contributing to severity of intersection crashes in Bangladesh. We find that severity tends to increase when the crash occurs on an undivided highway, involves single vehicle, non-motorized vehicle, motorized two-wheeler, bus, truck or pedestrian. Severity also tends to increases when the intersections are located in rural areas, on dry pavement or during adverse weather. On the other hand, a crash is likely to be less severe when the intersection is attended by traffic police. Language: en
Effect of mother bulb size and planting time on growth, bulb and seed yield of onion

Onion bulbs of different sizes (20g, 15g and l0 g) were planted at different dates viz., 30 October and 15 and 30 November to observe their effects on growth, bulb and seed yield of onion. The mother bulb size and planting dates showed significant influence on growth, bulb and seed yield of onion. The large mother bulb and early planting were favourable for getting higher bulb and seed yields. The treatment combinations of large mother bulb (20 g) and 30 October planting time gave the highest bulb (17.52 t1ha) and seed (402.80 kg1ha) yield. Â Key words: Onion, mother bulb size, planting time, growth, yield. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4. 2285 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 531-537, December 2008 Â
TOUGH2-A General-Purpose Numerical Simulator for Multiphase Fluid and Heat Flow

TOUGH2 is a numerical simulation program for nonisothermal flows of multicomponent, multiphase fluids in porous and fractured media. The chief applications for which TOUGH2 is designed are in geothermal reservoir engineering, nuclear waste disposal, and unsaturated zone hydrology. A successor to the TOUGH program, TOUGH2 offers added capabilities and user features, including the flexibility to handle different fluid mixtures, facilities for processing of geometric data (computational grids), and an internal version control system to ensure referenceability of code applications. This report includes a detailed description of governing equations, program architecture, and user features. Enhancements in data inputs relative to TOUGH are described, and a number of sample problems are given to illustrate code applications. 46 refs., 29 figs., 12 tabs.
ASSESSMENT OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA INFECTION IN THE LIVER OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN IKPOBA/OKHA AREA COUNCIL, EDO STATE, NIGERIA

This study investigated the prevalence and intensity of Fasciola gigantica infection in the liver of cattle slaughtered in three abattoirs located in Ikpoba/Okha Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. It also estimated the economic implications of the condemned liver. A total of 17,325 cattle were examined in the three abattoirs over a period of 252 days (approximately 69 cattle/day) spanning over the wet and dry seasons; 1,683 cattle were infected with an overall prevalence of 9.71%. In Abattoir A, 11774 cattle were examined with 1069 (9.08%) prevalence. In Abattoirs B and C, 4352 and 1199 cattle, respectively, were examined and 563 (12.94%) and 51 (4.25%) were respectively infected. From the three abattoirs, 155 (0.89%) livers were considered unfit for human consumption due to F. gigantica infection. For the wet season, 1062 (10.89%) cattle livers were infected while 621 (8.20%) were infected during the dry season. The mean intensity of infection during the wet season was 37.80 and 30.42 during the dry season. The financial loss due to infected liver condemnation was at N803,160 (1,947.050USD) showing that liver condemnation arising from F. gigantica infection is a major cause of financial loss to cattle farmers and dealers. There is, therefore, need for adequate veterinary inspections for early detection and treatment of the disease. There should be more meat inspection, especially in private/individual abattoirs.
Critical evaluation of factors affecting chloride initiated reinforcement corrosion in concrete

This licentiate study has been completed as a part of a larger experimental program "Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Marine Environment" carried out in Sweden and Denmark. The aim of this work has been to identify and critically evaluate some major parameters influencing the onset of active reinforcement corrosion in concrete in marine environment. Since the topic is naturally very complex, the aim of the thesis is to present an overall picture of the problem and a guideline for future work. The report has been divided into Part I - General considerations on chloride initiated reinforcement corrosion in concrete, and Part II - A model for prediction of the corrosion initiation time in reinforced concrete. Part II also include a discussion of optimal material selection and research needs, and a more detailed presentation of experimental results regarding factors affecting the chloride transport in concrete. (Less)
Renewable Energy Integration: Practical Management of Variability, Uncertainty, and Flexibility in Power Grids

Renewable Energy Integration is a ground-breaking new resource - the first to offer a distilled examination of the intricacies of integrating renewables into the power grid and electricity markets. It offers informed perspectives from internationally renowned experts on the challenges to be met and solutions based on demonstrated best practices developed by operators around the world. The book's focus on practical implementation of strategies provides real-world context for theoretical underpinnings and the development of supporting policy frameworks. The book considers a myriad of wind, solar, wave and tidal integration issues, thus ensuring that grid operators with low or high penetration of renewable generation can leverage the victories achieved by their peers. Renewable Energy Integration highlights, carefully explains, and illustrates the benefits of advanced technologies and systems for coping with variability, uncertainty, and flexibility. * Lays out the key issues around the integration of renewables into power grids and markets, from the intricacies of operational and planning considerations, to supporting regulatory and policy frameworks * Provides global case studies that highlight the challenges of renewables integration and present field-tested solutions * Illustrates enabling and disruptive technologies to support the management of variability, uncertainty and flexibility
The effect of wheel and rail irregularities on the track

This paper reviews the effect of track irregularities and wheelflats in causing dynamic increments in wheel/rail force. The role of vehicle unsprung mass and track characteristics in governing the size of dynamic increments is examined and it is shown that for freight vehicles running over irregularities due to joints and welds, the dynamic forces should depend on the parameter MV2. The causes of irregularities in welded track are discussed and the importance of producing straight long welded rail is emphasised. Recent experimental and theoretical work on wheelflat impacts is described and the consequences of a wheelflat coinciding with P2 type forces due to joint or weld irregularities are considered.
The impact of total quality management on innovation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between total quality management (TQM) practices and innovation performance in the Vietnamese industry context.Design/methodology/approach – The method of confirmatory factor analysis was applied to refine TQM and innovation scales for empirical analysis in Vietnam. The structural equation modelling method was applied to test the theoretical models.Findings – This study confirms the results of previous studies that considered TQM as a set of practices. It confirms that TQM – considered as a set of practices – has a positive impact on the firm's innovativeness. It discovers that not all TQM practices enhance firm innovativeness. Only leadership and people management, process and strategic management, and open organization showed a positive impact on the firm's innovation performance.Research limitations/implications – The sample was not random. Future research should select different random samples to allow for more generalization of th.
Combating Fake News with the Use of Collective Intelligence in Hybrid System

The presented study concerns the issue of detecting and combating fake news, that has become more important than ever since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Only recently, in the scientific literature, there have been attempts to systematize several techniques of detecting FN, taking into account their potential complementarity and proposing to build hybrid systems. The study presents an overview of the scientific literature on this topic. In addition, a qualitative empirical research based on expert interviews was presented. This research highlighted the significant role of Collective Intelligence technique in the proposed type of hybrid systems
Effectiveness of Behavior Modification Program for Diabetic Patients in Suan Kluai Health Promoting Hospital, Ban Pong District in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand

Background - This study was an experiment for changing behavior in patients with diabetes mellitus. Because behavior modification and promoting knowledge of patients will make the quality of life of patients with diabetes with good quality and reduce the cost of treatment, reduce the complication of patients. Objective - To measure blood sugar level with pre-post joining to change the behavior and comparison of knowledge before and after participation in health behavior modification program of patients with diabetes. Material & Methods – Our study was a quasi-experimental design. The samples were diabetic patients with similar qualifications. Simple random sampling consisted of 60 participants, divided into 30 experimental and 30 control groups. The experimental group was modified by the researcher-developed self-care behavior. The data was collected by using questionnaires. Spending time to 12 weeks for behavior modification. Analyze data from experimental and control groups. Compare the mean of self-care behavior scores before and after joining the program by using the pair t -test statistics. We also compare the mean of the self-care behavior score of the control group and the experimental group using independent t -test statistics. Results - The results of this study showed that the blood sugar levels of patients with diabetes after participation in activities the experimental group lower sugar levels 24 people, 80.00 %. By comparing the knowledge scores before and after the participation in the health behavior modification model of diabetics, it was found that the experimental group had a mean of 2.78 and the control group had a mean value of 2.50. The experimental group’s mean knowledge score was higher than the control group. This activity pattern is appropriate for the patient. successful behavior changes in patients with diabetes. The patient’s needs must be taken into account by a patient-centered patient to decide and choose a course of treatment to raise awareness of the patient. However, medical personnel should educate and as a consultant to give patients confidence in taking care of themselves to have a good quality of life forever.
Parameter dependence of an electro-mechanical breakdown model for insulating elastomeric films

Electrical breakdown due to electro-mechanical instability is the main intrinsic failure mechanism of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA). The same mechanism may also be responsible for failure in soft insulating materials for other high voltage applications. We report on the validation of a model determining the electrical breakdown in dependence of material properties. The model includes hyper-elastic material behavior and includes a proper description of the experimental boundary condition.
Soil phosphorus over a period of agricultural change in Scotland

Yield increases by use of phosphorus (P) fertiliser has been a defining aspect of last century's agriculture, but in many countries P inputs are now being regulated to avoid ecological damage and improve agricultural sustainability. We tested the hypothesis that P forms and functions in agricultural soils have changed over a period of 50–70 years of agricultural change using topsoils from 35 agricultural sites in North East Scotland compared at ‘original’ and ‘resampled’ timepoints. The original dried and archived samples were collected between 1951 and 1981, and resampling took place in the autumn of 2017 with all samples reanalysed at the same time and by same methods. A range of soil extractants, from labile (water soluble) P, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) forms, to surface exchangeable P (acid ammonium oxalate extraction), to complexed P (NaOH‐EDTA extraction), were compared with agronomic soil test P (modified Morgan; MM‐P), soil pH, and, on a subset of five time pairs (n = 10), specific P compounds using 31P NMR spectroscopy. Whilst MM‐P had declined significantly in time, all soils were originally and remained at high soil P status. In contrast, no change in labile P pools, nor in the more refractory P pools that replenish labile P, were observed. In the subset analysed by NMR, orthophosphate P consistently increased in concentration. This suggests that soil P shows a slow (multidecadal) response to the documented reductions in fertiliser P for the study region. Significantly greater soil pH (by 0.4 units) over time and reduced water‐soluble C and N forms suggests that labile P in contemporary soils exists in a biogeochemical environment of enhanced solubility and in excess to other available macronutrients that control its microbial cycling. This study represents a long and important period of changing drivers acting on soil P change with potential to improve understanding future soil P trajectories. The value of archived historical soils samples is shown, if care in interpretation of storage implications is made.
HOW PARK-AND-RIDE SCHEMES CAN BE SUCCESSFUL IN EASTERN ASIA

Road transport networks that exist within Eastern Asia are experiencing ever-increasing levels of demand due to rapid population growth within the region. This is especially so for interregional travel because of a continuous dispersion of the population as it expands. Within Hong Kong, new transport infrastructure is required to cater to the demands emerging from growth and decentralization of the population distribution. Initiatives such as park-and-ride schemes can assist transport networks to operate more efficiently and are worthy of assessment as a demand management technique for inclusion in the future transit system. As a result of a comprehensive survey conducted on a trial park-and-ride facility in Hong Kong, lessons have been learned for the implementation of future schemes within Hong Kong and Eastern Asia. This paper provides a description of the data assembled as a result of the survey, and it identifies reasons and factors contributing to the success of the park-and-ride facility in Hong Kong.
On the Influence of Trailing-Edge Serrations on Open-Rotor Tonal Noise

Tonal noise of contra-rotating open rotors can be divided into self and interaction noise. The latter can be subdivided into potential field interaction noise, noise due to the interaction of the front-rotor wakes with the aft-rotor blades and tip vortex interaction noise. The excited tonal sound field is closely related to the properties of the impinging wakes provided that the tip vortex interaction is not the dominant source of interaction noise. Designing the trailing edge of the front-rotor blades with serrations will enhance the mixing in the wakes which should have a beneficial effect on the interaction tones. This process is investigated with 3D RANS calculations of 3 serration designs. Through assessment of the wake properties one configuration is down selected for evaluation of the far-field sound levels. These are computed using a 3D URANS approach coupled to an integral method that implements the FW-H acoustic analogy. The effect observed with the serrations on the far-field directivity is twofold: at low frequencies the sound energy is redistributed in the polar arc; at higher frequencies a systematic reduction of the sound emission is observed.
Efficient Estimation Of Reliability Metrics For Circuits In Deca-nanometer Nodes

In modern technologies of integrated circuits (IC) and with the downscaling of device dimensions, various degradation modes constitute major reliability concerns. Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) is a representative example, posing as a significant reliability threat in Field-Effect Transistor (FET) technologies and has been known for more than 30 years. At first, the model that tried to explain this phenomenon was based on the Reaction-Diffusion (RD) theory and was developed nearly 30 years ago. Recently, an atomistic model has been proposed, that enables the modeling of BTI in modern technologies. By observing the amount of software designed to simulate the BTI degradation, tools can be found that are based on the atomistic theory but are computationally prohibitive when it comes to simulating complex circuits consisting of a large number of devices. Tools based on the RD model are unable to accurately capture the BTI-induced degradation, especially in devices with small dimensions. The current thesis is appropriately positioned since it discusses a novel simulation framework that is efficient yet highly accurate. A subset of an embedded Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) is used for verification purposes. The estimation of the functional yield of the circuit over three years of operation will be examined as well as other reliability metrics, such as defects per million (DPM), mean time to failure (MTTF) and failures in time (FIT rate). Finally, the interplay between these metrics is discussed and efficient computation methods are proposed for each one.
L-Band Multi-Wavelength Brillouin–Raman Fiber Laser with 20-GHz Channel Spacing

Abstract A tunable multi-wavelength L-band Brillouin–Raman fiber laser with a 20-GHz channel spacing utilizing bidirectional ring cavity is proposed and experimentally investigated. The laser employs a co-pumped dispersion compensating fiber as a gain medium for both Brillouin and Raman gains. With a Raman pump of 425 mW, the laser system can generate up to 12 double-spaced Brillouin Stokes signals. This simple laser configuration provides stable Brillouin Stokes signals in the absence of self-lasing cavity modes with a tuning range exceeding 35 nm without using any filtering mechanism. The Stokes signals have more than 20 dB of optical signal-to-noise ratio.
The Effect of Simulation Style on Performance

Despite the fact that luggage screening occurs with the dynamic presentation of images, most luggage screening research is conducted with static images. Although some research has suggested that performance with static and dynamic images is equivalent, this has not been addressed in the context of complex visual search tasks such as luggage screening. Participants completed a luggage screening task under either static or dynamic conditions to test the hypothesis that performance would vary by condition. A series of 2 (block) x 3 (condition) mixed ANOVAs revealed that sensitivity was higher in the scrolling condition than in the 3 second condition and that this effect may have been due to presentation time. Results also revealed that performance workload was lower in the 9 second condition than in the scrolling or 3 second condition. Luggage screening simulation styles may be an important consideration when designing research to test the effectiveness of different performance enhancement devices or the impact of different conditions.