Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Summarization of Multi-topic Web Sites

Web site summarization, which identifies the essential content covered in a given Web site, plays an important role in Web information management. However, straightforward summarization of an entire Web site with diverse content may lead to a summary heavily biased to the dominant topics covered in the target Web site. In this paper, we propose a two-stage framework for effective summarization of multi-topic Web sites. The first stage identifies the main topics covered in a Web site and the second stage summarizes each topic separately. In order to identify the different topics covered in a Web site, we perform coupled textand link-based clustering. In text-based clustering, we investigate the impact of document representation and feature selection on the clustering quality. In link-based clustering, we study co-citation and bibliographic coupling. We demonstrate that text-based clustering based on the selection of features with high variance over Web pages is reliable and that outgoing links can be used to improve the clustering quality if a rich set of cross links is available. Each individual cluster computed above is summarized using an extraction-based summarization system, which extracts key phrases and key sentences from source documents to generate a summary. We design and develop a classification approach in the cluster summarization stage. The classifier uses statistical and linguistic features to determine the topical significance of each sentence. Finally, we evaluate the proposed system via a user study. We demonstrate that the proposed clustering summarization approach significantly outperforms the single-topic summarization approach.
Tidal triggering of earthquakes prior to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake (Mw 9.1)

I observe highly significant tidal triggering of earthquakes prior to the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake. Strong statistical correlations between tidally‐induced stresses and earthquake occurrence times are identified in the northern part of the Tohoku‐Oki source region, where the mainshock rupture initiated, in the several to ten years before the Tohoku‐Oki earthquake. The tidal phase distribution of earthquakes in this period exhibits a peak where the shear stress is at its maximum to promote failure. On the other hand, no significant tidal correlation is found after the Tohoku‐Oki mainshock. These observations suggest that tidal triggering occurs over a decade‐long period preceding the Tohoku‐Oki earthquake, and the initial rupture site of this event is already critically stressed in this precursory stage.
Assessment of the Functional State of Mining Equipment Based on Multisinusoidal Signal Models

The paper considers an approach to determining the functional state of mining equipment, based on the identification of the output signal. The signal is the sum of an unknown number of harmonic components and, due to vibration, accompanies the operation of energy-mechanical mining equipment. The structure and parameters of such a multisinusoidal signal allow assessing the functional state of the equipment and preventing the onset of emergencies timely. The algorithm is based on successive structural transformations of the vibration signal to filter fluctuations and the theory of continued fractions to build a model of the output signal of mining equipment objects. The simulation results allow for high-accuracy assessment of the change trends in the model of the output multisinusoidal signal of mining equipment based on systematic vibration monitoring of its condition.
A 6.5‐day westward propagating planetary wave: Origin and characteristics

A large (10–30 m s−1) 6–7 day period westward propagating planetary wave was seen in both ground radar and satellite data within the 80–100 km height regime during August and September 1993. Previous analyses of these data argue that it was most likely a manifestation of the (1–2) Rossby planetary wave commonly referred to as the 5-day wave, perhaps shifted to longer periods by interaction with the mean zonal winds. In this study the global scale wave model (GSWM [Hagan et al., 1993]) is used to analyze the characteristics of this westward propagating wave. We propose that the observed wave is not a Doppler-shifted 5-day wave but rather an unstable mode, drawing energy from unstable regions in the upper mesosphere, whose realization is global in scale. The concept of atmospheric instability is used to determine a likely source region, and the model is used determine the characteristic period, growth rate, and perturbation fields of the instability-driven wave.
Flow instability induced by spiked bodies

In order to investigate the unsteady flow field around a spiked body in supersonic flow, time-resolved color schlieren visualization was applied using a high-speed video camera which could take up to 1 000 000 frames per second at full frame resolution. Conically and spherically tipped spikes of six different lengths could be attached at the center of the model and their effect on the flow unsteadiness was visually observed. The obtained images revealed in great detail the interaction between the incoming free stream flow and the high-pressure region near the model base, which could make its presence known upstream at the tip of the spike by means of displacing the boundary layer on the spike and subsequently inducing a large-scale instability of the flow.
Nitrate concentration in drinking water supplies in selected communities of Ibadan Southeast local government, Ibadan, Nigeria

Elevated levels of nitrate in drinking water have been associated with adverse health effects. Most susceptible to nitrate toxicity are infants under six months of age and pregnant women. This study assesses the nitrate concentration of 48 randomly selected wells in an urban-slum setting in Ibadan South East Local Government Area (IBSELGA), Nigeria. The coordinates of the wells were mapped with a hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS). The nitrate concentration ranged between 0.00 and 42.80 mgL -1 with a mean of log 10 of 0.735 and a geometric mean of 5.43 mgL -1 ; and 0.00 and 93.30 mgL -1 with a mean of log 10 of 0.696 and a geometric mean of 4.97 mg L -1 for the wet and dry seasons, respectively. During the wet season, the levels of nitrate in all the wells were within the WHO permissible limit of 45 mg L -1 NO 3 . However, during the dry season, few of the wells; six (12.5%) dried up completely. Out of the remaining 42 wells, six (14.3%) had nitrate concentration which exceeded the permissible limit. This same set of wells lacked sanitary features such as lining and cover. Out of the 48 wells, 30 (62.5%) and 24 (50%) were located at ≤10 m from the septic tank/pit latrine and refuse dumps, respectively. Nitrate maps were developed using Georeferenced data for the water points. The nitrate exceedence map produced showed water sources within the study area with nitrate concentration exceeding the recommended limit and therefore requiring urgent intervention. The results of this study will serve as indicator for determining risk areas with respect to nitrate concentration in drinking water and therefore help in decision making activities. Key words : Global positioning system, Ibadan, nitrate, nitrate exceedence, wells, urban slum.
The impact of cultural healthcare practices on Children’s health in the United Arab Emirates: a qualitative study of traditional remedies and implications

Aim This qualitative study investigates the impact of cultural practices on children’s health in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) by examining the use of traditional remedies and home treatments by mothers. Methods Twenty-five participants, all mothers who had employed traditional treatments or home remedies for their children during periods of illness, were included in the study. The participants represented a diverse range of educational backgrounds, from school diploma holders to university degree graduates, with ages spanning from 20 to 50 years. Hailing from different Arabic countries and cultural subgroups, the majority of participating mothers were from the UAE. Results Through in-depth interviews, three major themes emerged from the participants’ experiences. Firstly, a strong connection between culture, religion, and healthcare practices was evident. Many mothers opted for cultural remedies as their first line of defense against illnesses due to the practices’ strong foundations in their cultural heritage. Herbal remedies, Quranic healing, and other traditional methods were perceived to be both effective and spiritually comforting, reinforcing participants’ sense of cultural identity. Secondly, participants highlighted unintended consequences of relying solely on traditional treatments. Some instances were reported where the use of ineffective remedies resulted in delays in seeking appropriate medical care for their children, potentially compromising their health. Additionally, certain misconceptions regarding the safety and efficacy of traditional remedies were identified, emphasizing the need for evidence-based healthcare education. Conclusion This qualitative study sheds light on the intricate interplay between culture, traditional remedies, and children’s health in the UAE. The incorporation of diverse participants from various Arabic countries and cultural subgroups enriches the study’s applicability to broader Arabic cultures. By recognizing the significance of cultural healthcare practices and striking a balance with evidence-based care, healthcare providers can create a more inclusive and effective healthcare environment for children in the UAE. Future research should explore diverse samples and develop targeted interventions to further advance cultural awareness and understanding in healthcare practices.
Anatomy of the Ligure-Piemontese subduction system: evidence from Late Cretaceous–middle Eocene convergent margin deposits in the Northern Apennines, Italy

In the Northern Apennines, in contrast to the Western Alps and Alpine Corsica, upper structural levels of the Late Cretaceous–middle Eocene subduction complex are still preserved and well exposed. This subduction complex developed in the Ligure-Piemontese basin since the Late Cretaceous time as a consequence of convergence between the Eurasia and Adria plates. Representative successions of this ancient subduction complex are well preserved in the Ligurian units of the Northern Apennines, where turbidite and mass-gravity deposits showing pristine stratigraphic features are present. Three main domains, represented by different groups of tectonic units, can be identified, each delineating a different domain of the subduction zone. In this article, we first present a brief history of geological research in the Northern Apennines during the last half of the twentieth century and then a comprehensive picture of the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Ligurian units. A new interpretation of the related tectonostratigraphic units is proposed within the conceptual modern geodynamic framework of convergent margins.
The role of the Iceland Ice Sheet in the North Atlantic during the late Quaternary: a review and evidence from Denmark Strait

Investigations indicate that the Iceland Ice Sheet was reduced in size during MIS 3 but readvanced to the shelf break at the LGM. Retreat occurred very rapidly around 15 k–16 k cal. yr BP. By contrast, the margin of the ice sheet on the East Greenland shelf, north of the Denmark Strait, was at or close to the shelf break during MIS 3 and 2 and retreat starting ∼17 k cal. yr BP. Quantitative X‐ray diffraction analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction was undertaken on 161 samples from Iceland and East Greenland diamictons, and from cores on the slopes and margins of the Denmark Strait. Weight% mineralogical data are used in a principal component analysis to differentiate sediments derived from the two margins. The first two PC axes explain 52% of the variance. These associations are used to characterise sediments as being affiliated with (a) Iceland, (b) East Greenland or (c) mixed. The contribution from Iceland becomes prominent during MIS 2. The extensive outcrop of early Tertiary basalts on East Greenland between 68° and 71° N is an alternative source for basaltic clasts and North Atlantic sediments with εNd(0) values close to ±0. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Mediating Role of Business Intelligence in Supporting the Relationship between Big Data and Operational Performance Within the Service Sector in Jordan

Current research study aimed at exploring the mediating influence of business intelligence on the relationship between big data and operational performance. 5 Vs. of big data were adopted (Velocity, Volume, Value, Variety, Veracity) and the perspective of operational managers were taken into account. Quantitative approach was adopted and a convenient sample of (249) operational mangers responded to an online questionnaire. SPSS was employed to process the collected primary data and results of study was able to accept the hypothesized ideas arguing that big data has a significant influence on business intelligence and operational performance, and business intelligence has a significant impact on operational performance, which indicated the final result in which "Business Intelligence mediates the relationship between Big Data and Operational Performance". Based on study results, researcher recommended the need to identify the role of taking into account the privacy of some data in the analysis and its impact on the organization from a financial point of view. Further recommendations were presented in the study.
GROUND RESPONSE DURING PILE DRIVING

The paper presents a synthesis of the field measurements obtained in a series of large-scale pile-driving tests. The field test was performed at the Chiayi-Taipo area of the high speed rail system currently under construction in Taiwan. The test project included a complete instrumentation of three precast concrete piles with a network of piezometers, inclinometers, level posts, and velocity sensors. The instruments were used to monitor the variations of the dynamic soil pore water pressure, lateral ground deformations, vertical surface displacements, and ground vibrations induced by the pile on the surrounding soil medium during the driving process. Based on the test results, a correlation between the pile-driving resistance and the geological condition of the test site is identified.
The Impact of Music on Stress Reduction and Academic Performance of Dental Students

Background Dental education, one of the most demanding healthcare fields, is linked to higher physical and mental illnesses in students. Stress, which arises when demands surpass an individual's ability to adapt, can lead to disruptions in cognition, mood, and behavior. Due to the intense academic pressure, dental students are susceptible to stress and other mental issues. Music therapy, an ancient practice, is now popular for stress reduction. However, its effect on academic performance is debated. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of music on stress levels and academic performance of dental students. Methods The study included third-year dental students from the College of Dentistry, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. The demographic data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results The study found that music intervention reduced the perceived stress levels of dental students in the intervention group compared to the baseline but did not reach a significant level. The final stress levels were positively correlated with baseline stress levels but did not correlate with other parameters. No association between sociodemographic variables and the Perceived Stress Scale was found. The study also found no significant positive or negative effect of music on academic performance. Conclusion The study suggests that music may positively impact stress reduction for dental students during their academic years in dental school. It highlighted the significance of stress-reduction programs in the academic curriculum in lowering dentistry students' stress and, as a result, potentially improving their learning abilities.
A novel algorithm of priority selection strategies for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals based on relationship network

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the UN are not independent of each other. In this article, we analyze the reciprocal influence of 17 SDGs, on the basis of which we propose Network-based Priority Selection Algorithm (NPSA), in which static and dynamic networks are constructed. The static network is established to describe the fundamental interaction between 17 SDGs by using Cross-impact Matrix for Targets. Fiscal expenditure, main driving force of the development of 17 SDGs, is mainly invested in ten fields. So we set up a Field-Goal Map by counting the number of targets they include in common. Then we establish four priority selection indicators, including centrality, system impact, urgency and development-based modification. According to the various developing level of different countries, we assign personalized weight vectors for them to synthesize the influence of the four indicators using the Entropy Weight Method. Then we get priority score of each goal and its rank for each year. We quantitatively simulate system dynamics to implement scenario analysis on a ten-year horizon. Once a year, we re-rank the priority of 17 SDGs and then use conservative, steady, or aggressive strategies to allocate financial expenditure. Considering the delay effect between investment and reward, we propose Delay-based Breadth-First Search Algorithm (D-BFS) to update our network, broadcasting the influence of one goal to another once a month. Logistic curve in is used to simulate the S-shaped curve change of the degree of mutual influence between goals. We use the dynamic model to give guidance on financial investment for each goal in the next ten years. Moreover, facing global field mutation and crisis, the development strategy calculated by our model has excellent stability. The code is released at https://github.com/GoodMorningPeter/NPSA.
Review of Phosphorus Control Measures in the United States and Their Effects on Water Quality

Historical information on phosphorus load­ ings to the environment and the effect on water quality are summarized in this report, which was produced as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Phosphorus is a water-quality constit­ uent of concern because it is often the limiting nutrient responsible for accelerated eutrophica­ tion in water bodies. Phosphorus inputs to the environment have increased since 1950 as the use of phosphate fertilizer, manure, and phosphate laundry deter­ gent increased; however, the manufacture of phos­ phate detergent for household laundry was ended voluntarily by the industry in about 1994 after many States had established phosphate detergent bans. Total phosphorus concentrations in raw wastewater effluent contained about 3 milligrams per liter of total phosphorus during the 1940’s, increased to about 11 milligrams per liter at the height of phosphate detergent use (1970), and have currently declined to about 5 milligrams per liter. However, in some cases, tertiary wastewater treatment still is needed to effectively improve water quality of streams. Downward trends in phosphorus concentra­ tions since 1970 have been identified in many streams, but median total phosphorus concentra­ tions still exceed the recommended limit of 0.1 milligram per liter across much of the Nation. Data from the NAWQA Program are representa­ tive of a variety of phosphorus-control measures and, therefore, may be used to evaluate the effects of various control strategies. Current areas of concern include: evaluation of the effects of increased manure loadings of phosphorus on soil phosphorus and, subsequently, on ground water and subsurface runoff; determination of pointsource and nonpoint-source components of phos­ phorus loads by geographic modeling and hydro­ logic separation techniques; and development of methods or indices to evaluate nutrient impair­ ment in streams and rivers to serve as a basis for developing phosphorus criteria or standards.
Westerly Wind Events in the Tropical Pacific and their Influence on the Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere System: A Review

Observational and modeling aspects about Westerly Wind Events (WWEs) and their influence on the tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere system are reviewed. WWEs are a large part of the intraseasonal zonal wind activity over the warm pool. They have typical amplitudes of 7 m s -1 , zonal width of 20° longitude and duration of about 8 days. Their root causes are often a combination of various factors including the Madden-Julian Oscillation, cold surges from mid-latitudes, tropical cyclones and other mesoscale phenomena. The relationship between WWEs and the ENSO cycle is complex, involving among others the equatorial characteristics of the WWEs, the oceanic background state and the internal atmospheric variability. Both observational and modeling studies demonstrate that WWEs tend to cool the far western Pacific, shift the warm pool eastward and warm the central-eastern Pacific through the generation of Kelvin waves. They are therefore important processes for the central and eastern Pacific warming during the onset and development phase of El Nino. The strong atmospheric feedbacks that are likely to be generated by the ocean response to WWEs even suggest that a single WWE is capable of establishing the conditions under which El Nino can occur. The important role played by WWEs in the evolution and amplitude of recent El Nino events may therefore strongly limit the predictability of El Nino.