Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GROWTH OF THREE WHEAT CULTIVARS AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVELS AND SEEDING RATES

Two field experiments were carried out during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons at Agric. Exp. Res. Sta. at Giza, Fac. Agric. , Cairo Univ. to study the influence of three nitrogen fertilizer levels (75, 100 and 125 kg N/fad.), three seeding rates (200, 300 and 400 grains/m 2 ), on growth of three wheat cultivars (Sakha-94, Gemmiza-9 and Giza-168). Nitrogen levels had significant effect on heading and plant height in the first season only and on flag leaf area in both seasons. Absolute growth rate (AGR) was significantly affected by N levels at 80 days from sowing. Leaf area index (LAI) was significantly affected by N levels at 80 and 100 days in the second season only. Net assimilation rate (NAR) significantly increased with increasing N levels. In general, all previous characters were increased with increasing N levels up to 125 kg N/fad. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) significantly decreased with increasing N levels. Seeding rates had significant effect on LAI at 80 days in the first season and on AGR at 80 in the first season as well as at 80 and 100 days in both seasons, respectively. The highest values for the previous traits were produced with seeding 300 or 400 grains/m 2 . Seeding rates did not affect NAR. Nitrogen use efficiency was not affected by seeding rates. Plant height and heading significantly affected by cultivars. AGR at 80 days in the first season and at 100 days in both seasons significantly affected by cultivars. LAI at 60, 80 and 100 days significantly affected by cultivars. Cultivars significant affected NAR except at 100 days in the first season. Cultivars did not affect NUE. All interactions had a significant effect on growth characters in both seasons, except the effect of N levels × seeding rates on flag leaf area, LAI at 60 days, plant height and number of tillers/ m 2 , N levels × cultivars on LAI at 60 days, plant height and number of tillers/m 2 , seeding rates × cultivars on LAI at 100 days in both seasons, plant height and number of tillers/m 2 in the first season as well as LAI at 80 days in the second one and N levels × seeding rates × cultivars on flag leaf area, plant height and number of tillers/m 2 in the first season. The overall findings concluded that seeding Gemmiza-9 or Giza-168 with 300 or 400 grains/m 2 and application of 125 kg N/fad. , could be more beneficial in the study area. Some interactions had significant effect on NAR. Moreover, none of studied interactions significantly affected NUE.
Sums of divisor functions in F q[ t ] and matrix integrals. Mathematische

We study the mean square of sums of the k th divisor function d k ( n ) over short intervals and arithmetic progressions for the rational function ﬁeld over a ﬁnite ﬁeld of q elements. In the limit as q → ∞ we establish a relationship with a matrix integral over the unitary group. Evaluating this integral enables us to compute the mean square of the sums of d k ( n ) in terms of a lattice point count. This lattice point count can in turn be calculated in terms of a certain piecewise polynomial function, which we analyse. Our results suggest general conjectures for the corresponding classical problems over the integers, which agree with the few cases where the answer is known.
Test set for initial value problem solvers

textabstractThe CWI test set for IVP solvers presents a collection of Initial Value Problems to test solvers for implicit differential equations. This test set can both decrease the effort for the code developer to test his software in a reliable way, and cross the bridge between the application field and numerical mathematics. This document contains the descriptive part of the test set. It describes the test problems and their origin, and reports on the behavior of a few state-of-the-art solvers on these problems. The latest version of this document and the software part of the test set is available via the world wide web at url{http://www.cwi. nl/cwi/projects/IVPtestset/. The software part serves as a platform on which one can test the performance of a solver on a particular test problem oneself. Instructions how to use this software are in this paper as well. The idea to develop this test set was discussed at the workshop ODE to NODE, held in Geiranger, Norway, 19--22 June~1995.
Microsoft Word-McLean.docx

Diversification in sexual signals is often taken as evidence for the importance of sexual selection in speciation. However, in order for sexual selection to generate reproductive isolation between populations, both signals and mate preferences must diverge together. Furthermore, assortative mating may result from multiple behavioural mechanisms, including female mate preferences, male mate preferences and male-male competition; yet their relative contributions are rarely evaluated. Here, we explored the role of mate preferences and male competitive ability as potential barriers to gene flow between two divergent lineages of the tawny dragon lizard, Ctenophorus decresii, which differ in male throat coloration. We found stronger behavioural barriers to pairings between southern lineage males and northern lineage females than between northern males and southern females, indicating incomplete and asymmetric behavioural isolating barriers. These results were driven by both male and female mate preferences rather than lineage differences in male competitive ability. Intrasexual selection is therefore unlikely to drive the outcome of secondary contact in C. decresii, despite its widely acknowledged importance in lizards. Our results are consistent with the emerging view that although both male and female mate preferences can diverge alongside sexual signals, speciation is rarely driven by divergent sexual selection alone.
1335 Human (cid:2) (cid:2) T Suppressor Cell Clones Produce Transforming Growth Factor (cid:3) , but not Interleukin 10, and Are Distinct from Type 1 T Regulatory

Italy Abstract T regulatory (Tr) cells are essential for the induction of peripheral tolerance. Several types of Tr cells exist, including CD4 (cid:2) T cells which express CD25 constitutively and suppress immune responses via direct cell-to-cell interactions, and type 1 T regulatory (Tr1) cells, which function via secretion of interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)- (cid:3) . The relationship between CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cells and Tr1 cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate at the clonal level that Tr1 and CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cells are two distinct subsets of regulatory cells with different cytokine production profiles. Furthermore, CD25 (cid:4) CD4 (cid:2) T cells can be rendered anergic by IL-10 and differentiated into Tr1 cells in the absence of CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cells. Cloned human CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cell populations are heterogeneous and only a subset of clones contin-ues to express high levels of CD25 and is suppressive. The intensity of CD25, cytotoxic T lym-phocyte antigen (CTLA)-4, and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor expression correlates with the suppressive capacity of the T cell clones. None of the CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cell clones with suppressive function produce IL-10, but all produce TGF- (cid:3) . Suppression mediated by CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cell clones is partially dependent on TGF- (cid:3) , but not on constitutive high expression of CD25. Together these data indicate that naturally occurring human CD25 (cid:2) CD4 (cid:2) T cells are distinct from IL-10–producing Tr1
University of Birmingham Complementary and alternative medicines for the treatment of hepatitis C

Background . Despite substantial progress in the treatment of hepatitis C through the use of direct-acting antivirals which have been shown to cure the disease, complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are popular among patients as a substitute or complement of allopathic medicines. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of patients and CAM practitioners on the use of CAM for the treatment of hepatitis C in Pakistan. Methods . A cross-sectional design was adopted. Participants (CAM practitioners and patients) were recruited from the capital and two provinces: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab of Pakistan. A survey using paper-based questionnaires, each speciﬁc for patients and CAM practitioners, was conducted to gather information pertaining to demography, disease status, treatment history, and participants’ perspectives (about the disease, reasons to switch to CAM, and referring source). Results . A total of 417 respondents ( n � 284 patients, n � 133 practitioners) were recruited. Of the total patients, 170 (59.9%) had started CAM during the previous three months. There were 168 (59.2%) of the total patients who had used allopathic treatments for hepatitis C prior to their use of CAM. The conﬁdence in CAM (24.6%), high cost (19%), and unbearable side eﬀects (52.1%) of allopathic medicines were the main reasons to switch to CAM treatment. Majority (49.3%) of the patients were referred to CAM on the recommendations of relatives or care givers (17.3%) whereas only 9.5% were referred by health care professionals. Out of 133 practitioners, 48 (36.1%) were practicing herbal medicines. From practitioners’ perspectives, club-moss ( Lycopodium clavatum) was the best treatment option for hepatitis C. The majority, 73 (54.9%), of the patients had chosen to use CAM because of the side eﬀects of allopathic medicines. Patients who had previous “good experience” with CAM were the most common referral source (56.4%) for CAM use in hepatitis C. Conclusions . Patients’ beliefs in CAM, side eﬀects of allopathic therapy, high cost of allopathic medicines, and referrals from previous CAM users are key factors in the switching of hepatitis C patients
Silent cardiac dysfunction and exercise intolerance in HIV R men receiving combined antiretroviral therapies

Atazanavir use is associated with increases in serum bilirubin. Ribavirin, used to treat hepatitis-C infection, cause hemolysis and may worsen hyperbilirubinemia. We studied HIV/ hepatitis-C virus-coinfected patients who initiated hepatitis-C therapy. Hyperbilirubinemia grade 3–4 increased from 9% to 45% after the start of hepatitis-C treatment in patients who used atazanavir concomitantly. Atazanavir use and hemoglobin (Hb) drops were predictors of increases in bilirubin. A substantial proportion of patients under atazanavir-therapy experienced significant hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice following initiation of hepatitis-C therapy.
Lymphocytic Esophagitis Lymphocytic Esophagitis

Lymphocytic esophagitis is a new and rare entity, first described in 2006. Histologically, the esophageal mucosa is characterized by a dense peripapillary lymphocytic infiltrate and an intercellular edema without granulocytosis. To this day, it is not yet considered as a disease. Its etiology and clinical significance are still unclear. The predominant symptom is dyspha gia and the main endoscopic feature is a normal esophagus. The absence of relationship between lymphocytic esophagitis and specific clinical conditions justifies further studies. Currently, it remains a histologic entity. bowel reflux disease, disease, asthma, irritants,
Breast Cancer Survivors Undergoing Endocrine Therapy Have a Worrying Risk Factor Proﬁle for Cardiovascular Diseases

: The increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in breast cancer survivors has been widely discussed in the literature and occurs due to the cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic treatments, and also to the common risk factors between these diseases. Thus, the objective of our study was to evaluate, prospectively, the number of risk factors (NRF) for CVDs in women during endocrine therapy, and to associate the NRF with C reactive protein (CRP) and phase angle (PhA). The following risk factors for CVD were evaluated at three times: anthracycline chemotherapy, radiotherapy, comorbidities, inadequate diet, overweight, abdominal adiposity, alcoholism, smoking, physical inactivity and altered lipid proﬁle. There was inadequacy in the most components of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index—Revised and inadequate consumption of various types of fats and ﬁbers. Most women in this study presented excessive abdominal fat and overweight, but these parameters have not changed over time ( p < 0.005). Moreover, a high frequency of systemic arterial hypertension and physical inactivity was observed. The average NRF for CVDs was above ten, at the three evaluation times. Women with higher NRF had higher levels of CRP ( p = 0.003), a predictor of cardiovascular risk, however, there was no signiﬁcance with PhA ( p = 0.256). Thus, intervention is needed to improve lifestyle.
Mandelbrot's Stochastic Time Series Models in Past Accomplishments and Future Challenges

I survey and illustrate the main time series models that Mandelbrot introduced into time series analysis in the 1960s and 1970s. I focus particularly on the members of the additive fractional stable family including Lévy flights and fractional Brownian motion (fBm), noting some of the less well-known aspects of this family, such as the cases when the self-similarity exponent H and the Hurst exponent J differ. I briefly discuss the role of multiplicative models in modeling the physics of cascades. I then recount the still little-known story of Mandelbrot's work on fractional renewal models in the late 1960s, explaining how these differ from their more familiar fBm counterpart and form a “missing link” between fBm and the problem of random change points. I conclude by highlighting the frontier problem of damped fractional models.
genotype associated with fascicle length and marathon running

28 Titin provides a molecular blueprint for muscle sarcomere assembly and sarcomere length can vary 29 according to titin isoform expression. If variations in sarcomere length influence muscle fascicle 30 length, this may provide an advantage for running performance. Thus the aim of this study was to 31 investigate if the titin ( TTN ) rs10497520 polymorphism was associated with muscle fascicle length in 32 recreationally active men (RA; n = 137) and marathon personal best time in male marathon runners 33 (MR; n = 141). Fascicle length of the vastus lateralis was assessed in vivo using B-mode 34 ultrasonography at 50% of muscle length in RA. All participants provided either a whole blood, saliva 35 or buccal cell sample, from which DNA was isolated and genotyped using real-time polymerase chain 36 reaction. Vastus lateralis fascicle length was 10.4% longer in CC homozygotes, those carrying two 37 copies of the C-allele, than CT heterozygotes (p = 0.003) in RA. In the absence of any TT 38 homozygotes, reflective of the low T-allele frequency within Caucasian populations, it is unclear if 39 fascicle length for this group would have been smaller still. No differences in genotype frequency 40 between the RA and MR groups were observed (p = 0.500), although within the MR group the T-allele 41 carriers demonstrated marathon personal best times 2 min 25 s faster than CC homozygotes (p = 42 0.020). These results suggest that the T-allele at rs10497520 in the TTN gene is associated with 43 shorter skeletal muscle fascicle length and conveys an advantage for marathon running performance in 44 habitually trained men. 45
The efect of Chlorella pyrenoidosa supplementation on immune responses to 2 days of intensiied training

bouts, but it was higher at some times in the Chlorella group (for bouts 2 and 3). Conclusion Supplementation with Chlorella has beneicial efects on resting sIgA, which might be beneicial during periods of intensiied training. potential countermeasures to exercise-induced Abstract Purpose Periods of intensiied training are associated with immune disturbances, The aim was to investigate the efects of supplementation with Chlorella pyrenoidosa ( Chlorella ) on secretory IgA (sIgA) responses to 2days intensified training. Methods resting saliva training undertaken and afternoon sessions each respectively: 2max interval ; 30
Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure Among Metabolically Healthy But Obese Individuals HUNT (Nord-Trøndelag Health Study),

Objectives This study sought to investigate whether obesity in the absence of metabolic abnormalities might be a relatively benign condition in relation to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF). Background The results of previous studies are con ﬂ icting for AMI and largely unknown for HF, and the role of the duration of obesity has not been investigated. Methods In a population-based prospective cohort study, a total of 61,299 men and women free of cardiovascular disease were classi ﬁ ed according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic status at baseline. BMI also was measured 10 and 30 years before baseline for 27,196 participants. Results During 12 years of follow-up, 2,547 participants had a ﬁ rst AMI, and 1,201 participants had a ﬁ rst HF. Compared with being normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m 2 ) and metabolically healthy, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for AMI was 1.1 (95% con ﬁ dence interval [CI]: 0.9 to 1.4) among obese (BMI (cid:2) 30 kg/m 2 ) and metabolically healthy participants and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7 to 2.3) among obese and metabolically unhealthy participants. We found similar results for severe (BMI (cid:2) 35 kg/m 2 ), long-lasting ( > 30 years), and abdominal obesity strati ﬁ ed for metabolic status. For HF, the HRs associated with obesity were 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3 to 2.3) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.4 to 2.2) for metabolically healthy and unhealthy participants, respectively. Severe and long-lasting obesity were particularly harmful in relation to HF, regardless of metabolic status. Conclusions In relation to AMI, obesity without metabolic abnormalities did not confer substantial excess risk, not even for severe or long-lasting obesity. For HF, even metabolically healthy obesity was associated with increased risk, particularly for long-lasting or severe obesity. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;63:1071 – 8) ª 2014 by the American of Foundation
Resveratrol plus low-dose hydroxyurea compared to high-dose hydroxyurea alone is more effective in γ-globin gene expression and ROS reduction in K562 cells

Abstract Hydroxyurea (HU) is an anti-cancer drug that is used for the treatment of hemoglobinopathies as a γ-globin inducer. However, its dose-dependent effects have hampered its clinical reliability. Resveratrol (RSV) is an antioxidant and γ-globin inducer. The present study aimed to assess their combined effects on the γ-globin gene expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of K562 cells. The results indicated that the γ-globin gene expression was approximately two folds higher in the group treated with RSV 50 µM + HU 25 µM in comparison to HU 100 μM alone (***p < 0.001). However, there was an inverse relationship between the expression of γ-globin gene and HU concentration in the combined groups. Furthermore, the combinations of RSV and HU significantly reduced ROS levels compared to single drugs. Overall, the combination of these compounds was an appropriate strategy for increasing γ-globin expression, reducing oxidant levels, and alleviating the adverse effects of HU. Graphical Abstract
iACVP: markedly enhanced identification of anti-coronavirus peptides using a dataset-specific word2vec model

The COVID-19 pandemic caused several million deaths worldwide. Development of anti-coronavirus drugs is thus urgent. Unlike conventional non-peptide drugs, antiviral peptide drugs are highly specific, easy to synthesize and modify, and not highly susceptible to drug resistance. To reduce the time and expense involved in screening thousands of peptides and assaying their antiviral activity, computational predictors for identifying anti-coronavirus peptides (ACVPs) are needed. However, few experimentally verified ACVP samples are available, even though a relatively large number of antiviral peptides (AVPs) have been discovered. In this study, we attempted to predict ACVPs using an AVP dataset and a small collection of ACVPs. Using conventional features, a binary profile and a word-embedding word2vec (W2V), we systematically explored five different machine learning methods: Transformer, Convolutional Neural Network, bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory, Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine. Via exhaustive searches, we found that the RF classifier with W2V consistently achieved better performance on different datasets. The two main controlling factors were: (i) the dataset-specific W2V dictionary was generated from the training and independent test datasets instead of the widely used general UniProt proteome and (ii) a systematic search was conducted and determined the optimal k-mer value in W2V, which provides greater discrimination between positive and negative samples. Therefore, our proposed method, named iACVP, consistently provides better prediction performance compared with existing state-of-the-art methods. To assist experimentalists in identifying putative ACVPs, we implemented our model as a web server accessible via the following link: http://kurata35.bio. kyutech.ac. jp/iACVP.
A comparison of the eating disorder service experiences of autistic and non‐autistic women in the UK

Abstract Objective Qualitative studies report that autistic women have poor experiences when being treated for an eating disorder (ED) and express that ED services are not appropriately tailored to meet their needs. It is unclear whether their experience differs to other women accessing ED services. The aim of the current study was to compare autistic and non‐autistic women's ED illness history and experiences in ED services. Method An online survey about ED illness history and their experience with ED treatment was completed by 46 autistic women with a restrictive ED and 110 non‐autistic women with a restrictive ED. Results Despite some similarities, there were three key differences in the experiences reported by autistic and non‐autistic women. First, autistic women reported a longer duration of ED and being diagnosed with an ED at a younger age than non‐autistic women. Second, autistic women reported accessing a broader range of healthcare settings and ED treatments than non‐autistic women when being treated for an ED. Finally, autistic women rated their experiences of inpatient care, dietetic input, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as significantly less beneficial than non‐autistic women when being treated for an ED. Conclusion These findings increase understanding of autistic women's ED experience and can help to shape ED services and treatments to better accommodate the needs of their autistic clients.
Modelling the threshold voltage of p-channel enhancement-mode GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors

p-Channel gallium nitride (GaN) metal–oxide–semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors utilising a polarisation induced two-dimensional hole gas operate inherently in depletion mode. The condition for their conversion to enhancement-mode operation is examined via analytical expressions for the threshold voltage and verified via technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. Between the two heterostructures: (i) conventional GaN/aluminium GaN (AlGaN)/GaN and (ii) alternate AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN/GaN examined in this work, the authors demonstrate at higher threshold voltage ( > − 2 V ), the alternate heterostructure can potentially achieve a higher on-current by a factor of 2 of ( ∼ 30 mA / mm ), without degradation in the on–off-current ratio, expected ideally to be of the order of ∼ 12 .