Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Altered local connectivity in chronic pain

Abstract Background: A number of studies have used regional homogeneity (ReHo) to depict local functional connectivity in chronic pain (CP). However, the findings from these studies were mixed and inconsistent. Methods: A computerized literature search will be performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and SinoMed databases until June 15, 2019 and updated on March 20, 2020. This protocol will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI) software will be used for this voxel-wise meta-analysis. Results: This meta-analysis will identify the most consistent ReHo alterations in CP. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this will be the first voxel-wise meta-analysis that integrates ReHo findings in CP. This meta-analysis will offer the quantitative evidence of ReHo alterations that characterize brain local functional connectivity of CP. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019148523
The reproductive biology of the Mediterranean endemic Cyclamen balearicum Willk. (Primulaceae)

Abstract Knowledge of the reproductive biology of endemic plants improves our understanding of how mating system may be related to patterns of species abundance and provides a basis for the development of rational conservation programmes. In this paper we present natural population data on the floral biology and reproductive ecology of the endemic Mediterranean speciesCyclamen balearicumWillk. This is a long-lived, diploid perennial herb which occurs in southern France in five fragmented and isolated regions and on the Balearic Islands of Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Cabrera and Draponera. Our observations indicate a particularly scarce pollinator activity (rare syrphid visits) and dispersal by ants over small distances. A controlled pollination experiment in a natural population showed that in southern FranceC. balearicumis fully self-compatible and that selfing is autonomous and probably delayed (i.e. following opportunities for outcrossing). The proximity of stigmas and anthers will favour autonomous selfing. The high pollen/ovule ratio indicates nevertheless thatC. balearicumhas a mixed mating system. Patterns of variation in stigma-anther separation and pollen production per flower suggest that not only has the current mating system of the species evolved from an outcrossing ancestor but that due to the fragmentation and isolation of populations greater levels of selfing have evolved in southern France (and to an intermediate degree on Ibiza and Menorca). On the island of Mallorca where larger continuous belts ofC. balearicumhabitat still exist the species has floral traits indicating a more outcrossed mating system. To our knowledge this is the first paper to document such trends in floral traits in the endemic component of the Mediterranean flora.
Understanding the what and how of successful social live streaming

Live Streaming is an emerging form of digital media. It enables real-time content generation and consumption and facilitates synchronous interactions between streamers and their community. Previous literature has neglected how streamers can drive specific outcomes of a live stream. Thus, in this research, the authors introduce communication foci (the “what”) and communication styles (the “how”) as levers of streaming success. To do so, they analyze their impact on non-monetary and monetary outcomes employing data gathered from a twowave questionnaire. Results depict that communication foci represent a doubleedged sword: community-focused communication has a positive (negative) influence on non-monetary (monetary) outcomes, and content-focused communication has a negative (positive) influence on non-monetary (monetary) outcomes. Further, when streamers center their communication on the content combined with utilitarian-superior style, monetary outcomes are increased. In sum, these findings are helpful for streamers because it shows how they achieve desirable or avoid undesirable outcomes.
Spatio‐temporal distribution of sergestid shrimp Acetes intermedius in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan

SUMMARY: Spatio-temporal variation of the sergestid shrimp Acetes intermedius in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan was investigated based on 1546 samples collected by 13 commercial fishing vessels from July to October 1996. Adult sergestid shrimp started a down-estuary migration with the increased river discharge associated with heavy summer rainfall. Fishing season for this species was to commence after that. In July, the shrimp stock was found on the shallow continental shelf off Tungkang and Fangshan. They mainly aggregated in Kaoping Canyon off Tungkang during August and September occurring at very high densities. In October, the shrimp returned to the coastal waters off Tungkang and Fangshan at lower densities. The heavy rainfall is a factor that triggers the shrimps to make a down-estuary migration that could reduce competition for food between adults and their offspring during the period of high river discharge. When the northeast monsoon prevailed, the sergestid shrimp moved back to the estuaries and the fishing season was terminated.
Population dynamics of the nikau palm, Rhopalostylis sapida (Wendl. et Drude), in a temperate forest remnant near Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract Survival, growth rate and fecundity are described for a population of the New Zealand nikau palm, Rhopalostylis sapida, based on six years of data for survival and growth, and seven years of data for fecundity. Transition matrix analyses were compared for height-classified (size) and frond scars-classified (approximate age) life-tables. Estimates of 1.004 (height), and 1.007 (scars), were obtained for the finite rate of increase, suggesting that this population is a numerically stable component of the temperate forest in which it is found. Nevertheless, differences between the initial and stable stage distributions, especially for the height-classified analysis, indicated that the present population size structure was not consistent with the measured rates of growth and survival. Specific disturbances over approximately the last 30–40 years may account for these differences. Measures of sensitivity, elasticity, and selective pressure revealed that the high survival rate for palms in the mature an.
Behavior of a stream-dwelling fish before, during, and after high-discharge events

Abstract The movements of giant kokopu Galaxias argenteus were recorded before, during, and after high-discharge events in two small streams using radiotelemetry. Giant kokopu remained within defined stream reaches during base flow conditions. During high-discharge events, individuals either stayed within their home reach, moved and settled elsewhere, or moved and returned to their home reach as flows subsided. The variable behavior exhibited by individual giant kokopu suggested that reasons for moving during floods are complex. Reasons that may have influenced movement during floods included reproduction and mate searching, lack of adequate refugia, or some combination of these. In many instances, individual giant kokopu appeared to exhibit adaptive behaviors in response to high discharges. Behaviors supporting this view included fish not moving during the highest floods, fish moving upstream during the peak discharge period, and fish making purposeful “micromovements” (movements <5 m) into low-velocity .
Population differentiation in the wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The wild cherry (Prunus avium) has great and multiple importance. The fruits it produces are used for several purposes (as food for people, birds and other animals, as well as in phytotherapy). As many birds and mammals feed on the fruit of the wild cherry, it has the ability of dispersion over large areas in a very short time. It occurs from river deposits up to 1900 m/alt, while it is quite rare in the Submediterranean. Wild cherry grows as a solitary tree or in small groups, usually at the edge of the forest or within the forest in areas with more sunlight. The significance of the wild cherry is reflected in the high economic value of its wood, which makes it much demanded and popular, and thus endangered. The plant material was collected from 22 natural populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The fruit and leaves were collected from marginal or solitary trees, usually from the south-facing, outer sun-exposed parts of the tree crown. We measured the following fruit characteristics: fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), fruit thickness (FT), seed length (SL), seed width (SW), seed thickness (ST), length of the stalk (LOS) and width of the stalk (WOS), and leaf characteristics: length of the petiole (LP), length of the leaf blade (LB), distance from the blade's base to the blade's widest part (BBW), width of the leaf blade (WB), insertion angle of the leaf venation (AV), number of leaf teeth on a 2-cm length (NT), blade width at 1 cm from the blade apex (WBA) and blade width at 1 cm from the blade's base (WBB). All statistical analysis of the data were made using the SPSS 15.0 package for Windows. The results obtained show the presence of a high level of intrapopulation, as well as interpopulation, morphological variability in the natural populations of the wild cherry which have been investigated. Analyses of population differentiation have not confirmed our expectations. Our results only indicate differentiation in the fruit size characteristics, but the indicators are very weak. The resulting high values of the regression coefficient in this research can serve to estimate the values of some features and characteristics without their measurement. The analyses of 16 morphological characteristics in 22 natural populations of the wild cherry in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed statistically significant differences between investigated populations. Differentiation in natural populations of the wild cherry was very low and identified only in fruit dimension characteristics.
ORDNet: Capturing Omni-Range Dependencies for Scene Parsing

Learning to capture dependencies between spatial positions is essential to many visual tasks, especially the dense labeling problems like scene parsing. Existing methods can effectively capture long-range dependencies with self-attention mechanism while short ones by local convolution. However, there is still much gap between long-range and short-range dependencies, which largely reduces the models’ flexibility in application to diverse spatial scales and relationships in complicated natural scene images. To fill such a gap, we develop a Middle-Range (MR) branch to capture middle-range dependencies by restricting self-attention into local patches. Also, we observe that the spatial regions which have large correlations with others can be emphasized to exploit long-range dependencies more accurately, and thus propose a Reweighed Long-Range (RLR) branch. Based on the proposed MR and RLR branches, we build an Omni-Range Dependencies Network (ORDNet) which can effectively capture short-, middle- and long-range dependencies. Our ORDNet is able to extract more comprehensive context information and well adapt to complex spatial variance in scene images. Extensive experiments show that our proposed ORDNet outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on three scene parsing benchmarks including PASCAL Context, COCO Stuff and ADE20K, demonstrating the superiority of capturing omni-range dependencies in deep models for scene parsing task.
Identification of calcium carbide-ripened sapota (Achras sapota) fruit by headspace SPME-GC-MS

ABSTRACT The effect of post-harvest ripening by ethylene and calcium carbide was studied by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method. Sapota (sapodilla) fruits were ripened with ethylene gas, technical grade calcium carbide and pure calcium carbide ripeners and the samples were homogenised after complete ripening. The samples were subjected to HS-SPME-GC-MS and the obtained results showed the presence of various alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ketones and esters which were commonly present in the samples. The fruit samples ripened with technical grade calcium carbide showed the presence of 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane isomers, which can be used as markers to identify sapota fruits ripened with technical grade calcium carbide. The technical grade calcium carbide contains divinyl sulphide which might have been transformed into the trithiolane isomers. These isomers were not observed in the fruits ripened with pure calcium carbide and also with ethylene gas. Hence the formation of trithiolane residues may be attributed to the presence of divinyl sulphide impurity present in calcium carbide and its conversion due to the action of ethylene releasing enzymes present in the fruits. Graphical abstract
FDG PET/CT and CT Findings of Renal Cell Carcinoma With Sarcomatoid Differentiation.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT and enhanced CT in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation and the differential diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Among patients with renal tumors confirmed by pathologic examination from September 2010 to August 2019, 29 patients with RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation and 82 patients with ccRCC who underwent FDG PET/CT, renal contrast-enhanced CT examination, or both, before surgery were studied. Features of the two groups on CT and PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS. The tumor size of RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation was larger than that of ccRCC (p = 0.0086). Cystic necrosis, peritumoral neovascularity, and metastasis were more common in RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation (p = 0.0052, p = 0.0008, p < 0.001, respectively). The ratio of necrotic area to tumor diameter of RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation was statistically significantly larger than that of ccRCC (p = 0.0032). Three cases of RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation showed a large central necrotic area and dense intratu-moral neovascularity in the surrounding parenchyma, defined as the ring-of-fire sign, which was not found in ccRCC. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), and peak standardized uptake value (SUVpeak) of RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation were statistically significantly higher than those for ccRCC (all p < 0.0001), and the SUVmax, SUVmean, and SUVpeak cutoff values of 5.4, 4.2, and 5.0, respectively, were helpful for discrimination. CONCLUSION. Imaging features including higher SUVmax, SUVmean, and SUVpeak; a larger ratio of necrotic area to tumor diameter; the presence of peritumoral neovascularity; and metastasis are more commonly associated with RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation than with ccRCC. The ring-of-fire sign and SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak cutoff values of 5.4, 4.2, 5.0, respectively, may be helpful to indicate RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation.
Schoolteachers’ Knowledge of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—Current Status and Effectiveness of Knowledge Improvement Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Adequately knowledgeable schoolteachers can play an essential role in early detection and proper treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at school. Objectives: To assess the schoolteachers’ knowledge of ADHD and to evaluate the effectiveness of the ADHD knowledge improvement program. Methods: A randomized controlled trial study design was followed on 100 primary school teachers from Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Teachers were randomly selected and allocated into trial and control groups. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate teachers’ knowledge about ADHD. After the baseline assessment, participants in the trial group received a two-day ADHD knowledge improvement program. Teachers’ knowledge about ADHD was reassessed using the same questionnaire immediately after finishing the intervention program and after three months in both groups. Results: Only 16% and 22% of trial and control groups, respectively, showed adequate baseline knowledge about ADHD. Teachers’ main sources of information about ADHD were the internet (67%), friends (47%), TV (34%), and reading books (23%). Knowledge of teachers in the trial group significantly improved immediately after the intervention. After three months, these knowledge benefits slightly declined but remained more adequate than those of teachers in the control group. The logistic regression model revealed that being a participant in the trial group and of higher qualification were associated with significant improvement in teachers’ retained knowledge on ADHD (p < 0.001 and p = 0.050, respectively). Conclusions: The majority of male primary school teachers in Abha City, Saudi Arabia, have inadequate knowledge about ADHD. Applying a knowledge improvement program can substantially improve their knowledge of ADHD. Consideration should be given to the integration of ADHD knowledge improvement program into teachers’ educational programs.
Client Satisfaction and Experience With Telepsychiatry: Development and Validation of a Survey Using Clinical Quality Domains

Background Telepsychiatry is an increasingly used model of mental health care that connects patients with psychiatrists at a distance via videoconference. Telepsychiatry is an effective clinical intervention that improves access to quality care in regions with limited resources or in clinical situations where in-person care is unavailable. Objective This study aims to develop a validated survey tool to measure patient experience and satisfaction with telepsychiatry based on the quality of care domains. This study also seeks to understand which health service outcomes were most strongly correlated with overall satisfaction in the context of telepsychiatry. Methods The survey created in this study was developed and validated with a panel of subject matter and process experts and was piloted with 274 patients who received clinical consultations through the TeleMental Health Program at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Factor analysis was used to determine correlations between questions and quality of care domains and was also used to assess model fit. Results The study provides a validated survey to measure patient satisfaction and experience with telepsychiatry across 4 domains: access and timeliness, appropriateness, effectiveness, and safety. Both safety and access and timeliness were found to be statistically significant predictors of satisfaction in our sample. Conclusions By situating patient satisfaction and experience within this framework, the survey facilitates patient data collection and interpretation through a clinical quality lens.
The Role of Sonic Hedgehog in the Hypothalamus

ABSTRACT THE REQUIREMENT OF SONIC HEDGEHOG IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS Solsire E. Zevallos Douglas J. Epstein Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a morphogen secreted during early development that is required for the formation of the ventral neural tube, including the ventral forebrain. The prechordal source of Shh underlying the forebrain is required early to bifurcate the cerebral hemispheres and eye vesicles as well as to specify a rostroventral forebrain region, the hypothalamus. We hypothesized that Shh expressed later in the hypothalamus may be required for other known functions of Shh, such as patterning within a region, cell proliferation, cell specification, and axon guidance. To evaluate this hypothesis, Shh was genetically excised from the hypothalamus using a cre/loxp strategy: Shh brain enhancer 2 (SBE2), with specific activity in the hypothalamus, drove cre recombination of the Shh conditional allele. SBE2-cre;Shh-/loxp mice (or ShhDhyp) exhibited patterning abnormalities that resulted in morphologically abnormal hypothalamic ventral midline, pituitary, and optic nerve. The constellation of patterning defects and phenotypic abnormalities reflect the human disorder known as septo-optic dysplasia (SOD). These findings contribute to our understanding of the developmental mechanisms involved in proper formation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and the optic nerve, the two main aspects of the etiology of SOD. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Neuroscience First Advisor Douglas Epstein
Resting heart rate in ambulatory heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treated with beta‐blockers

Current guidelines recommend beta‐blocker therapy in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) titrated according to tolerated target dose. The efficiency of this strategy to obtain adequate heart rate (HR) control remains unclear in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine, in a real‐world setting, the proportion of HFrEF patients who fail to achieve beta‐blocker target doses, whether target doses of beta‐blockers have a relationship with the adequacy in reducing resting HR over time.
Values and beliefs on trainee selection: What counts in the eye of the selector? A qualitative study exploring the program director’s perspective

Abstract Objectives Postgraduate trainee selection is a high-stakes process. While many studies focused on selection methods and psychometrics, little is known about the influence of selectors’ personal values and beliefs in the judgment and decision-making process. A better understanding of these factors is vital since selectors determine the future workforce. Methods We interviewed programme directors (PDs) from 11 specialties in one University Hospital. Thematic analysis was conducted with a combined approach of generic and in-vivo coding. Results PDs value excellence, ‘fit’ and personal characteristics. The content of these values are subject to personal interpretation and differ between PDs. PDs use various ‘proxies’ as alternative indicators of performance. They consider intuition, teamwork and autonomy important in judgement and decision-making. PDs find selection challenging and feel great accountability towards candidates and society. Conclusions Selectors criteria of judgement- and decision-making often remain implicit and focus on prior achievements and ‘fit’ with the current trainee-pool, possibly compromising the workforce’s diversity. Implicit ‘proxies’ and intuitive decision-making may be an unwitting source of judgemental bias. ‘Making the implicit explicit’, by increasing awareness of personal values and beliefs and structuring the selection interview, may improve the quality of trainee selection.