Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active Antioxidant Phenolics from Brazilian Red Propolis: An Optimization Study for Their Recovery and Identification by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS

Brazilian red propolis (BRP) is a natural product widely known for its phenolic composition and strong antioxidant properties. In this study, we used the Box–Behnken Design (BBD) with Surface Response Methodology to optimize the extraction conditions for total phenolic content (TPC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity(TEAC) of bioactive phenolics from BRP. The extraction time, ethanol/water concentration and temperature, were tested. All variables had significant effects (p ≤ 0.05), with a desirability coefficient of 0.88. Under optimized conditions (90% ethanol at 80 °C for 30 min), the BRP extract showed a TPC of 129.00 ± 2.16 mg GAE/g and a TEAC of 3471.76 ± 53.86 µmol TE/g. Moreover, FRAP and ORAC assays revealed that the optimized BRP extract had 1472.86 ± 72.37 µmol Fe2+/g and 4339.61 ± 114.65 µmol TE/gof dry weight, respectively. Thirty-two phenolic compounds were tentatively identified by LC-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS, of which thirteen were found for the first time in BRP, including four flavones, one flavanol, two flavanones, two chalcones, and four isoflavonoids. Thus, our results highlight the importance of BRP as a source of a wide variety of phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant properties.
Raman scattering study of SrTiO3 at high pressure

The pressure dependence of the Raman spectra of SrTiO3 was investigated up to 15.5 GPa. The anti-ferrodistortive cubic–tetragonal phase transition (phonon condensation at the R point of the Brillouin zone) occurs at about 6 GPa. The strong, broad bands, present under ambient conditions, sharpen and change their profile with increasing pressure. They diminish rapidly in their intensity above 13 GPa and disappear by 15.5 GPa. These pressure-induced changes can be due to increasing harmonicity of the stretching and bending Ti–O vibrations, leading to reduced intensity of the second-order Raman scattering, and/or due to the inhibition of the off-center dynamic distortions at the Ti4+ cation sites, and thus due to the decrease in intensity of the ‘disorder-induced’ first-order Raman scattering. The spectrum at 15.5 GPa shows weak band splittings, which might indicate a further transformation to an orthorhombic phase of SrTiO3. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stimulation of N2‐fixation in chickpea by gamma irradiation as affected by different levels of ammonium sulfate fertilizer

Abstract A pot experiment was conducted under natural climatic conditions to study the effect of low doses of gamma irradiation (0, 5, 10, and 20 Gy) on the performance of winter chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the presence of increased supply of 15N labeled ammonium sulfate (0, 20, 50, and 100 kg N ha‐1). Presowing seed irradiation produced a significant increase in dry matter production (up to 3 6%) and total nitrogen yield (up to 45%). The stimulative effect of irradiation was more pronounced with the application of NH4 +‐N fertilizer. Seed irradiation increased the amount of N2‐fixation by 8–61% depending on the dose and level of NH4 +‐N fertilizer rate. A 10 Gy was found to be the optimal irradiation dose for enhancing N2‐fixation. High levels of NH4 +‐N decreased the percentage and the amount of N2‐fixation, but did not affect nodule formation. However, the presowing 10 Gy irradiation dose reduced the negative effect of ammonia‐N fertilizer on N2‐fixation. Therefore, we recommend irradiating chickpea seeds with a 10 Gy dose before planting in soil containing high levels of mineral nitrogen to reduce its negative effect on N2‐fixation.
Acute Effects of Cheddar Cheese Consumption on Circulating Amino Acids and Human Skeletal Muscle

Cheddar cheese is a protein-dense whole food and high in leucine content. However, no information is known about the acute blood amino acid kinetics and protein anabolic effects in skeletal muscle in healthy adults. Therefore, we conducted a crossover study in which men and women (n = 24; ~27 years, ~23 kg/m2) consumed cheese (20 g protein) or an isonitrogenous amount of milk. Blood and skeletal muscle biopsies were taken before and during the post absorptive period following ingestion. We evaluated circulating essential and non-essential amino acids, insulin, and free fatty acids and examined skeletal muscle anabolism by mTORC1 cellular localization, intracellular signaling, and ribosomal profiling. We found that cheese ingestion had a slower yet more sustained branched-chain amino acid circulation appearance over the postprandial period peaking at ~120 min. Cheese also modestly stimulated mTORC1 signaling and increased membrane localization. Using ribosomal profiling we found that, though both milk and cheese stimulated a muscle anabolic program associated with mTORC1 signaling that was more evident with milk, mTORC1 signaling persisted with cheese while also inducing a lower insulinogenic response. We conclude that Cheddar cheese induced a sustained blood amino acid and moderate muscle mTORC1 response yet had a lower glycemic profile compared to milk.
Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Its Associated Risk Factors in Students of a Medical College Hospital in South India

Background and objectives Eating disorders are some of the most under-researched and difficult to diagnose psychiatric conditions, with a high mortality rate, especially among the adolescent age group. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors for eating disorders among students of a medical college hospital in South India. Materials and methods An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted among 332 students of four constituent colleges of a tertiary-care hospital selected by simple random sampling. Their height and weight were recorded. Four major questionnaires were distributed among the students - Demographic details, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ34), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0 (IBM Corporation, Somers, New York, USA). Results The proportion of students who had a high risk for eating disorders was 13%. It was prevalent almost equally in both males and females. High risk for eating disorders was associated with high stress and severe body shape concerns (p<0.001). Other influencing factors were history of counselling, peer pressure, excessive exercise as well as the history of any behavioral symptoms like the use of laxatives and diet pills (p<0.001). Conclusions Eating disorder risk is prevalent in a high percentage of medical and paramedical students. High stress and body shape concerns are associated with eating disorders. Only if diagnosed early, with screening programs using questionnaires and further psychiatric evaluation, we can hope to mitigate the complications they incur.
Cutoff Frequency and Switching Delay of Underlap Carbon Nanotube FETs

We have studied the effects of underlap's length and doping on the cutoff frequency, switching delay and on/off ratio of carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs). We have proposed underlaps with different lengths, doping levels and doping profiles. Intrinsic and fringing field capacitances, transconductance, cutoff frequency, switching time and on/off ratio have been calculated for different CNTFET designs. Proposed CNTFETs have been simulated using nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method. The gate capacitance has been calculated based on the charge on the gate contact according to Gauss law. Linear, uniform-light and two types of Gaussian dopant distributions have been studied. All the proposed devices improved the figures of merit. The charge density and the electric field under the gate are responsible for limiting the cutoff frequency. Our proposed underlaps with linear and uniform light doping have improved both switching delay and cutoff frequency. We have found that CNTFETs with longer underlaps and lighter doping have superior performance.
Hydrogen bonding and aqueous base dissolution behavior of hexafluoroisopropanol-bearing polymers

The aqueous base dissolution behavior and hydrogen bonding interaction of polymers bearing hexafluoroisopropanol (HFA) as an acid group have been investigated. While pKa of HFA is similar to that of phenol, the dissolution rate of HFA polymers in aqueous base varies from one structure to another. Poly(norbornene hexafluoroisopropanol) (PNBHFA) dissolves in 0.26 tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution at a rate of 1,500-8,000 A/sec, which is not correlated to the number-average or weight-average molecular weight. Furthermore, PNGHFA exhibits a complex multi-stage dissolution kinetics in 0.21 N TMAH, depending on the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. Hydrogen bonding of HFA polymers has been investigated using FTIR. Polynorbornene and polystyrene bearing HFA (PNBHFA and PSTHFA) are much less hydrogen-bonded than poly(4-hydroxystyrene)(PHOST). HFA-ester copolymers tend to have more free OH groups than a HOST/t-butyl acrylate copolymer. The carbonyl bond in 2-trifluoromethylacrylic units is less polarized and therefore less prone to hydrogen bonding with OH than C=O in (meth)acrylate units. The interaction of acid generators with the HFA group can be studied by 19F NMR. Both ionic iodonium and nonionic imidesulfonate acid generators interact strongly with HFA and inhibit the dissolution of HFA polymers in aqueous base while ionic acid generators are better dissolution inhibitors of phenolic resins.
Standardization of Leaf Sampling Technique in Bael

Abstract The chemical diagnosis of nutritional status of Bael (Aegle marmelos Correa) tree by leaf analysis was done to study the effect of leaf age and leaf position on foliar nutrient composition of Bael. The results showed that leaf age has significant influence on leaf mineral content, whereas the position of leaf on shoot did not have any significant effect. Interactions between leaf age and position were found to be significant for nitrogen, boron and iron content. In general, stability in level of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents was observed in November–December (6‐ to 7‐month‐old leaves) and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) showed their stability in 2‐to 3‐month‐old leaves (July–August). The contents of boron (B), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) were found stabilized in September–October (3‐ to 4‐month‐old leaves), indicating their suitability for sampling in Bael.
5β-Stigmastanol and Related 5β-Stanols as Biomarkers of Manuring: Analysis of Modern Experimental Material and Assessment of the Archaeological Potential

A modern experimental agricultural site was used to assess the possibility of using lipids as biomarkers of manuring in archaeological survey work. The modern experimental material originated from the Butser Ancient Farm site in Hampshire, U.K., where a plot under wheat cultivation had been subjected to manuring over half of its area for 13 years. A series of samples, including fresh dung, manure, and soil from manured, non-manured and control areas, was analysed in order to establish whether the application of manure results in enhanced biomarker abundance, specifically of 5β-stanols. Biomarker analysis involved extraction of total lipid from soil samples, fractionation by thin layer chromatography, and analysis by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring. A distinct enhancement of the specific 5β-stanol markers characteristic of cattle faeces/manure was found in the manured area when compared to the non-manured and control areas. The method thus holds considerable potential for archaeological application. The results from the biomarker analysis are compared to those from magnetic susceptibility measurement, total lipid and organic elemental C, H, and N analyses, and a range of inorganic elements. These comparisons served to highlight the potential advantages of the biomarker approach based on the 5β-stanols.
A Study of the Limitations to Spray Dryer Outlet Performance

Abstract The concept of the product moisture locus was tested in this work using a pilot-scale modified Niro spray dryer (diameter 0.8 m, height 2 m), where the residence time of the particles inside this spray dryer is lower compared with larger industrial spray dryers. The moisture contents of skim milk powder produced from spray drying skim milk (solids content 8.8% w/v) at different operating conditions, namely different swirl vane angles (0°, 25°, 30°), inlet air temperatures (170°C, 200°C, 230°C) and process fluid flowrates (1.4 kg h−1, 1.6 kg h−1, 1.8 kg h−1), were compared with the predicted equilibrium moisture contents. In addition, the residence time of the particles was also increased in the spray dryer by decreasing the inlet air mass flowrate from 0.016 to 0.013 kg s−1. The outlet moisture contents of the skim milk powder for all the 23 runs carried out in this work were within 0.4% of the equilibrium values. Thus, the skim milk powder particles were in close equilibrium with the gas inside the drying chamber. These equilibrium limitations are confirmed by other literature data (Boonyai, P. Comparative Evaluation of Soymilk Drying in a Spray Dryer and Spouted Bed of Inert Particles. M.Sc. Thesis. Asian Institute of Technology: Bangkok, Thailand, 2000; 90 pp; Harvie, D.J.E.; Langrish, T.A.G.; Fletcher, D.F. A computational fluid dynamics study of a tall-form spray dryer. Trans IChemE 2002, in press). The use of this finding to predict spray dryer performance is demonstrated by mass and energy balance calculations.
Does Peritraumatic Ketamine Reduce Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

INTRODUCTION Acute stress disorder (ASD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are chronic diseases which can affect patients following a severe trauma. As these patients typically first present to the emergency department, it is critical for emergency physicians to remain updated on the use of ketamine or other anesthetic agents which may impede development or reduce symptoms which may impair normal functioning. The purpose of this clinical review was is to review the literature regarding how the use of peritraumatic ketamine could decrease the incidence of ASD and PTSD. In 2019, the authors completed a MEDLINE search was performed yielding 25 articles which were initially evaluated by the first and second authors. Four articles which met inclusion criteria are discussed in this manuscript. SUMMARY of EVIDENCE Although two earlier research groups have found that peritraumatic ketamine administration contributed to increased symptoms of PTSD (e g., reexperiencing, dissociation, avoidance, and hyperarousal), two later studies have indicated that ketamine had no effect on PTSD development. Additionally, one 2012 study group has suggested propofol use may alleviate PTSD symptoms at six months post-trauma. Another 2017 study team found that the number of surgical procedures was directly correlated with increased PTSD development. CONCLUSIONS Based on the literature to date, peritraumatic ketamine does not appear to influence the prevention nor development of ASD and subsequent PTSD. More research is needed to clarify the psychopharmacologic effects of ketamine when used in the management of reactions to acute trauma experiences. Based on the results of the two later works, future research is indicated considering whether propofol may contribute to PTSD development.
Physical Properties of Frozen Pork Thawed by High Pressure Assisted Thawing Process

The effects of a high pressure assisted thawing process (HPATP) at 50, 100, 150 and 200MPa at 15ºC on the physical properties of frozen pork, M. longissimus dorsi, were investigated. Treated samples increased pH significantly, compared to atmospheric thawing ones (control). HPATP samples had higher water holding capacities and lower thawing losses than the control. Cooking losses of HPATP treatment decreased at 50 and 100MPa. HPATP had no significant effect (p 0.05) on Warner-Bratzler shear force below 150MPa. There were no differences in colour at 100MPa, however, both L*-and b*-values increased significantly from 150MPa whereas a*-value decreased. According to the results, HPATP treatment improved the quality of frozen pork below 100MPa, effectively.
The Impact of Liquidity and Credit Risks on the Bank Stability

The global financial crisis has induced a series of failures of most conventional banks. This study investigates the main sources of banking fragility. We use a sample of 49 banks operating in the Tunisian over the period 2006-2015 to analyze the relationship between credit risk and liquidity risk and its impact on bank stability. Our results show that credit risk and liquidity risk do not have an economically meaningful reciprocal contemporaneous or time-lagged relationship. However, both risks separately affect bank stability and their interaction contributes to bank instability. These findings provide bank managers with more understanding of bank risk and serve as an underpinning for recent regulatory efforts aimed at strengthening the joint risk management of liquidity and credit risks.
Dietary Patterns and Frailty in Older Korean Adults: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

There are few studies on dietary patterns and frailty in Asians, and the results are controversial. Therefore, this study examined the association between dietary patterns and frailty in older Korean adults using the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). The sample consisted of 511 subjects, aged 70–84 years, community-dwelling older people from the KFACS. Dietary data were obtained from the baseline study (2016–2017) using two nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were extracted using reduced rank regression. Frailty was measured by a modified version of the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) in both the baseline (2016) and the first follow-up study (2018). A logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between dietary patterns and frailty status in 2018. The “meat, fish, and vegetables” pattern was inversely associated with pre-frailty (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21–0.81, p for trend = 0.009) and exhaustion (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.20–0.85, p for trend = 0.020). The “milk” pattern was not significantly associated with frailty status or the FFP components. In conclusion, a dietary pattern with a high consumption of meat, fish, and vegetables was associated with a lower likelihood of pre-frailty.
Phase and Rheological Behavior of Novel Gemini-Type Surfactant Systems

A novel anionic gemini-type surfactant with no spacer group, disodium 2,3-didodecyl-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate (GS), was investigated for its phase behavior in water, water/decane, and water/cosurfactant systems in a wide range of compositions. At low surfactant concentration in the GS−water binary system, a micellar solution phase is formed which transforms to a hexagonal (H1) phase, as in conventional ionic surfactant systems. At high GS concentration, however, the H1 phase transforms to the rectangular-ribbon (R1) liquid−crystal phase. Since the GS molecule has no spacer group, a small cross-sectional area of the headgroup and closely packed hydrophobic chain tend to increase the packing constraints of the lipophilic core with increasing surfactant concentration, thereby inducing the H1−R1 phase transition. In the presence of a normal hydrocarbon like decane, the H1 phase is changed to a micellar cubic phase. On the other hand, the surfactant layer curvature becomes less positive upon addition of a.
Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular complexes formed between isophthalic acid and pyridine-based derivatives

Two types of supramolecular liquid crystals were prepared through the formation of double hydrogen-bonded complexes between isophthalic acid (A) and two different groups of pyridine-based derivatives ( I n and I a-e ). The first group of the base, I n (molecular formula 4-CnH2n+1OC6H4COOC6H4-N=N-C5H4N) homologues differ from each other by the number of carbon atoms (n) in the alkoxy chain, which varies between 8, 10, 12 and 14 carbons. The second group of the pyridine-based derivatives, I a-e (molecular formula 4-X-C6H4COOC6H4-N=N-C5H4N) analogues differ from each other by the terminal polar substituent, X, that changes between OCH3, CH3, H, NO2 and Br groups. In this manner two different groups of complexes are formed, one of them is A : 2I n, (Group A ), and the other is A : 2I a-e , (Group B ). All complexes were investigated for their mesophase behaviour by differential scanning calorimetry and polarised light microscopy. The formation of 1:2 hydrogen-bonded complexes was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and binary phase diagrams. Most complexes A and B show nematic and/or SmA phases. X-ray diffraction of the SmA phase of a representative complex of type A indicates a layer distance corresponding to only half of the length of the H-bonded complexes which is interpreted by a phase structure where these complexes adopt a U-shape which intercalate and form non-polar SmA phases.
The value of quality clues in the wine market: evidences from Lazio, Italy

The purpose of the paper is to contribute to understanding the role and effectiveness of different quality clues in the creation of value for the main wines of the Lazio region. The study presents a hedonic price model. An ordinary least squares and a quantile regression models were estimated. The latter is able to detect additional patterns related to the effects of the covariates. Prices are regressed on wine color, sub-regional area of origin, the type of certification of origin, and on experts' evaluation. The analysis is based on data released by three major Italian wine guides: Gambero Rosso, l'Espresso, and AIS (Italian Sommelier Association). Results show that: (i) white and red wines follow two different price patterns; (ii) prices are correlated with experts' evaluation; (iii) the impact of the latter is higher when other quality clues, such as geographical indications, are less effective; (iv) the role of different quality clues varies at different price levels and it is different for red and white wines; overall, wines from the Lazio region are associated with poor to mediocre quality levels. This may explain the decline in reputation and in market share that these wines are experiencing after centuries of popularity.
Stress Management and Employee Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Stress Management and Employee performance in Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The population includes employees of seven (7) selected Deposit Money Banks situated in Port Harcourt metropolis of Rivers State, Nigeria. The sample size was 188 using the Taro Yamen‟s formula. After data cleaning, only data of 168 respondents were finally used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics and Spearman‟s rank correlation were used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. Findings revealed that stress management has a significant relationship with employee efficiency and effectiveness. The study thus concluded that stress management bears a positive and significant influence on employee performance. We recommend that management of deposit money banks should design task and jobs in ways that would make for effectiveness and efficiency and bring about improvement in the performance of their work force and that flexible job schedules should be incorporated into human resource management strategies, policies and plan of deposit money banks to enhance easy employee performance and commitment that will increase corporate survival.