Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An update on ozone proﬁle trends for the period 2000 to 2016

Ozone proﬁle trends over the period 2000 to 2016 from several merged satellite ozone data sets and from ground-based data measured by four techniques at stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change indicate signiﬁcant ozone increases in the upper stratosphere, between 35 and 48 km altitude (5 and 1 hPa). Near 2 hPa (42 km), ozone has been increasing by about 1.5 % per decade in the tropics (20 ◦ S to 20 ◦ N), and by 2 to 2.5 % per decade in the 35 to 60 ◦ latitude bands of both hemispheres. At levels below 35 km (5 hPa), 2000 to 2016 ozone trends are smaller and not statistically signiﬁcant. The observed trend proﬁles are consistent with expectations from chemistry climate model simulations. This study conﬁrms positive trends of upper stratospheric ozone already reported, e.g., in the WMO/UNEP Ozone Assessment 2014 or by Harris et al. (2015). Compared to those studies, three to four additional years of observations, updated and improved data sets with reduced drift, and the fact that nearly all individual data sets indicate ozone increase in the upper stratosphere, all give enhanced conﬁdence. Uncertainties have been reduced, for example for the trend near 2 hPa in the 35 to 60 ◦ latitude bands from about ± 5 % (2 σ ) in Harris et al. (2015) to less than ± 2 % (2 σ ). Nevertheless, a thorough analysis of possible drifts and differences between various data sources is still required, as is a detailed attribution of the observed increases to declining ozone-depleting substances and to stratospheric cooling. Ongoing quality observations from multiple independent platforms are key for verifying that recovery of the ozone layer continues as expected.
Growth , income distribution and well-being in transition countries 1

We apply several well-being measures that combine average income with a measure of inequality to international and intertemporal comparisons of wellbeing in transition countries. Our well-being measures drastically change the impression of levels and changes in well-being compared to a traditional reliance on income measures. Due to low inequality and moderate income levels, socialist countries enjoyed relatively high levels of economic well-being. In the transition process, rising inequality and falling incomes have led to a dramatic absolute decline in well-being and a considerable drop in relative well-being vis-à-vis nontransition countries. We also find a close correlation between income losses and inequality increases. While the transition has been successful in expanding political and civil rights, our indicators suggest that most transition countries are still below the level of economic well-being of the late 1980s. JEL classification: D6, O15, P27.
Who Stays, Who Goes, Who Returns? East-West Migration within Germany since Reunification

We study East-West migration within Germany during the period 1991 to 2006, using administrative data, the German Microcensus, as well as the German SocioEconomic Panel (GSOEP). We first study the role of baseline demographic characteristics as correlates of migration decisions. Focusing then on the variation over time, we find that during the second wave of migration (after 1997/8), differences across age groups in the propensity to migrate are stronger than during the first wave of migration. Similarly, college education is a much stronger (positive) predictor of the probability to migrate after 1997/8 than in the first years after reunification. By contrast, we do not find statistically significant differences between the first and the second wave of migration with respect to gender or marital status. Using GSOEP data, we analyze additional correlates of migration decisions and find that qualitative indicators like social ties and psychological factors are important. The panel structure of GSOEP also allows us to study return migration. We note that permanent migrants and return migrants (i.e. East Germans who return East after an initial move West) appear to be fairly similar along observable socio-economic dimensions. However, we do find that for permanent migrants self-reported life satisfaction is significantly higher after the move than before, while for return migrants we cannot reject the null hypothesis that life satisfaction is unchanged after the move. ∗We thank Johann Blauth for outstanding research assistantship, and Filiz Garip for very useful comments.
Prevalence and Public Health Importance of Hydatidosis in Sheep Slaughtered by Unlicensed Ways

Hydatidosis is a zoonotic, helminthes parasitic disease that cause veterinary and human problems due to economic burden. Amis of the current study was to estimate the prevalence rate of hydatidosis infecting different organs of sheep slaughtered in street. In addition, investigate the relationship between age, gender and the infected rates in some Baghdad areas during a period from may to end of July 2018.A total of 188 sheep was examined for detection of Hydatid cyst in different organs using macroscopic and microscopic examination The overall prevalence rate of 47.9% was recorded. The results indicate non significant differences according to age and gender, the highest rate 57% was observed in sheep more than one year old compared with small ages 31.3%. The females showed the highest rate 59.3% while the male recorded 30.7%. The most affected organ was the liver 64.4% followed by the lung 25.6% and finally the spleen 10%. Conclusion of this study indicates the higher prevalence rate lead to the necessity for control programs against hydatidosis includ preventing of illegal slaughtering.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem worldwide. In recent years, increasing efforts have been dedicated to assessing the health-related quality of life experienced by people infected with tuberculosis. The objectives of this study were to better understand the impact of tuberculosis and its treatment on people's quality of life, and to review quality of life instruments used in current tuberculosis research. Methods: A systematic literature search from 1981 to 2008 was performed through a number of electronic databases as well as a manual search. Eligible studies assessed multi-dimensional quality of life in people with tuberculosis disease or infection using standardized instruments. Results of the included studies were summarized qualitatively. Results: Twelve original studies met our criteria for inclusion. A wide range of quality of life instruments were involved, and the Short-Form 36 was most commonly used. A validated tuberculosis-specific quality of life instrument was not located. The findings showed that tuberculosis had a substantial and encompassing impact on patients' quality of life. Overall, the antituberculosis treatment had a positive effect of improving patients' quality of life; their physical health tended to recover more quickly than the mental well-being. However, after the patients successfully completed treatment and were microbiologically 'cured', their quality of life remained significantly worse than the general population. Conclusion: Tuberculosis has substantially adverse impacts on patients' quality of life, which persist after microbiological 'cure'. A variety of instruments were used to assess quality of life in tuberculosis and there has been no well-established tuberculosis-specific instrument, making it difficult to fully understand the impact of the illness. Introduction The assessment of patient reported outcomes (PROs) has become more accepted and valued in the disease management and outcome evaluation. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a complex type of PRO that evaluates health status. HRQL broadly describes how well individuals function in daily lives and their own perception of well-being in physical, psychological, and social aspects Published: 18 February 2009 Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2009, 7:14 doi:10.1186/1477-7525-7-14 Received: 27 September 2008 Accepted: 18 February 2009 This article is available from: http://www.hqlo. com/content/7/1/14 © 2009 Guo et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Couple Therapy for Intimate Partner Violence: Topics and Strategies in Successful Therapy Processes

Despite controversy over the indications of couple therapy for Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), current research has indicated some benefits. This article examines some crucial aspects when dealing with couple therapy for IPV, such as how dominance and power abuse are present, and which important issues should be taken into account during the therapeutic process and be brought up in therapeutic conversations. It also proposes strategies for therapists conducting couple therapy for IPV. Ten studies conducted within the Jyväskylä Research Project on Couple Therapy for IPV were reviewed. Findings highlighted the importance of the therapists’ awareness of the presence of violence, dominance and power during the sessions, and of how cultural issues could prevent their recognition. Responsibility and couple agreement on the violent behavior seemed especially relevant at the beginning of the treatment. Potentially useful therapeutic strategies are directedness, use of reflective dialogue, and continuous assessment.
Women’s cellphone access and ownership in rural Uganda: implications for self-care interventions

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) call for cervical cancer elimination includes increasing global cervical screening coverage. HPV-based self-collection (HPV-SC) is a promising screening model for low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), and while digital technology, such as cellphones, can be used to streamline HPV-SC, there is limited data on digital technology penetration in LMICs. Determining women’s cellphone access is critical to understanding the feasibility of using cellphones to support HPV-SC. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of a larger clinical trial. Participants of a cluster-randomized trial comparing HPV-SC models in Uganda completed a survey, including questions about demographics, cellphone access/ownership, prior cervical cancer screening (CCS), and willingness to receive CCS information by text. A logistic regression model was used to determine adjusted rates of cellphone ownership using survey variables as factors. Results Of 2019 participants, 76.1% owned a cellphone. In non-cellphone owners ( n = 483), 82.4% had daily cell-phone access and 7.3% had no access. Compared to non-cellphone owners, cellphone owners were significantly older, more educated, closer to major health centers, more likely to have prior CCS, and more willing to receive a CCS text. In the logistic regression model, the aforementioned variables were all significantly associated with the odds of owning a cellphone. Conclusions As health care systems consider adopting HPV-SC, it is imperative to understand digital technology penetration. The majority of participants were cellphone owners and were willing to receive CCS information by text; however, significant socioeconomic and demographic differences remain between cellphone owners and non-own-ers. Further investigation is needed to understand whether HPV-SC using cellphones is feasible in similar settings.
FRACTURE OF THE RADIAL NECK FOLLOWING ELBOW SUBLUXATION IN CHILDREN. JEFFERY TYPE II LESION. A NEW CONCEPT OF FIXATION

Introduction Since Jeffery, in 1950, described the type II fracture to the present day, the literature has only twenty-eight cases of children with this type of injury. Material and Methods We would like to present a new concept of fixation of this fracture which, as far as we know, has never been described in the literature. Results Open reduction should be performed with minimal injury to osteochondral, ligamentous and muscular structures to reduce complications associated with this injury. We believe that the best technique, once you decide to perform an open approach is to fix the fracture with mini-screws. Achieve a stable fixation and avoids the distraction of the fracture. Discussion Although there is no consensus regarding the need for internal fixation or the type of fixation system to be used in the Jeffery type II fracture, we recommend an open approach and fix the fracture with screws, in order to stabilize the fracture. Introducción Desde que en 1950, Jeffery describiese la fractura typo II, en la literatura solo se han encontrado 28 casos Material y Metodos Presentamos un nuevo concepto de fijación de esta fractura, que nunca antes ha sido descrito Resultados La reducción abierta, debe realizarse minimizando el riesgo de lesión osteocondral, ligamentosa y muscular para reducir el índice de lesion asociada. La mejor tecnica, una vez que se decide realizar un abordaje abierto es fijar la fractura con tornillos de mini-fragmentos. Adquiriendo una fijación estable que evita la distracción de la fractura Discusión A pesar que no existe consenso sobre el tipo de fijación recomendada para las fractura Jeffery tipo II, nosotros recomendamos, realizar abordaje abierto y fijación con tornillos para estabilizar la fractura
Pneumococcal Vaccination in Adult Patients with Chronic Pneumococcal Vaccination in Adult Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Problem: Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are at risk for exacerbations due to pneumonia which could lead to unwanted outcomes. Despite the existence of evidence regarding phone call reminder usage as a communication strategy about vaccinations as an effective preventive measure that can minimize the likelihood of contracting pneumonia. In a primary care facility in Kentucky, phone call reminders are not being used to promote vaccinations. Method: This quality improvement (QI) pilot project used a descriptive, comparative, and retrospective design with the aim to increase the pneumococcal vaccination rate by 10% over 3 months by implementing a phone call reminder protocol. A convenience sample of COPD patients aged 65 years and older with follow-up appointments within three months (March-June 2023), who had not received a pneumococcal vaccination was part of the phone call reminder implementation. The IOWA Model of Evidence-Based Practice guided this project. Data was collected using Excel and SPSS for descriptive analysis. Results: In the pre implementation phase (November 2022-January 2023) there were ( N =17) patients with ( n =9; 52.9%) vaccinated who didn’t have a phone call reminder. In the post implementation phase (March-June 2023) there were ( N =21; 100%) patients vaccinated who had a phone call reminder. This resulted in a 47.1% increase in vaccination rates, exceeding the initial 10% target increase. The results indicated phone call reminders could improve pneumococcal vaccination rates among adult COPD patients. Implication for Practice : Phone call reminders as a communication strategy to promote vaccinations among adult COPD patients could be beneficial and be used to increase other vaccination rates.
Analysis of pain impacts on biopsychosocial aspects of patients under palliative care

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defined the concept of Palliative Care as assistance provided by a multidisciplinary team for patients with a life-threatening illness. Its objective is to improve the quality of life of patients and their families, its first principle being the relief of pain and other physical, social, psychological and spiritual symptoms. To ensure total pain relief, it is necessary that the individual be seen as a whole. For that, the multidisciplinary team must have qualified listening, giving them the possibility to talk about their history, their feelings, their wishes and decisions. Objective: To analyze the impacts of pain on the biopsychosocial aspects of patients in palliative care. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach carried out at a state hospital in Espírito Santo, with patients being monitored by the multidisciplinary palliative care residency team between January and October 2021. A questionnaire was applied to assess the impacts of pain on patients in palliative care and was composed of questions involving three domains: physical, psychological and social. Each item to be answered had two options to choose from (yes and no). Results: Considering the impacts of psychosocial pain: 40% of respondents had a strong or total level of impact. As for the impacts of physical pain: 40% of respondents had a strong or total level of impact. Regarding the physical assessment of pain, 80% of patients stated that pain limits some activity of their day. Considering the psychosocial assessment of pain, 70% of respondents said that pain prevents them from working, followed by 60% who say that pain causes sadness and anxiety. Conclusion: It was evident that almost half of the interviewed patients had physical and psychosocial impacts. Furthermore, the number of diseases that the patient has did not interfere with the impacts caused by pain.
Assessment of soil loss tolerance

Soil degradation in all its forms has a serious effect on crop and biomass productivity and poses potential threat to sustainability of agriculture. Some soil loss is tolerable but not so much that plant productivity diminishes. Thus productivity is of utmost concern in evaluating soil loss tolerance. The effect of soil loss on productivity is difficult to determine. Therefore other alternative approaches are discussed for computing limits of soil loss tolerance. These approaches are soil profile thickness, rate of soil formation, productivity index and weighted additive model. Assessment of soil loss tolerance (T-value) serves as a tool to gauge the potential erosion risk in the given area with regard to long term sustainability. Thus the T-value must be determined scientifically and rationally. Each approach which is used to determine soil loss tolerance has its own assumptions, advantages and limitations Further the soil loss tolerance is used to calculate the erosion tolerance index (ETI) by considering annual soil loss. These can serve as a guide for policy makers to decide upon effective watershed management plan.
Communications of the Association for Information Systems Communications of the Association for Information Systems

This article uses the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT) as the basis for the research framework to examine factors that influence student-perceived learning outcomes and satisfaction in enterprise resource planning (ERP) courses. Antecedent variables considered are student attitude, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, training (hands-on), course structure, and perceived instructor knowledge. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) using LISREL was employed to test the measurement and structural models using a convenience sample of 102 students enrolled in ERP courses. The results showed that student attitude had the largest significant direct impact on student-perceived learning outcomes and satisfaction. Effort expectancy and performance expectancy had significant direct impacts on attitude. Course structure and training (hands-on) had indirect effects on attitude through effort expectancy and performance expectancy. The findings suggest that, in order to impact student attitude and, thus, impact their perceived learning outcomes and satisfaction, instructors should emphasize the importance of learning about ERP systems and should provide clear directions so that students experience a meaningful interaction with ERP systems. Implications for practitioners and educators are reported.
Smith ScholarWorks Smith ScholarWorks

Long-term memory (LTM) helps to ef ﬁ ciently direct and deploy the scarce resources of the attentional system; however, the neural substrates that support LTM-guidance of visual attention are not well understood. Here, we present results from fMRI experiments that demonstrate that cortical and subcortical regions of a network de ﬁ ned by resting-state functional connectivity are selectively recruited for LTM-guided attention, relative to a similarly demanding stimulus-guided attention paradigm that lacks memory retrieval and relative to a memory retrieval paradigm that lacks covert deployment of attention. Memory-guided visuospatial attention recruited posterior callosal sulcus, posterior precuneus, and lateral intraparietal sulcus bilaterally. Additionally, 3 subcortical regions de ﬁ ned by intrinsic functional connectivity were recruited: the caudate head, mediodorsal thalamus, and cerebellar lobule VI/Crus I. Although the broad resting-state network to which these nodes belong has been referred to as a cognitive control network, the posterior cortical regions activated in the present study are not typically identi ﬁ ed with supporting standard cognitive control tasks. We propose that these regions form a Memory-Attention Network that is recruited for processes that integrate mnemonic and stimulus-based representations to guide attention. These ﬁ ndings may have important implications for understanding the mechanisms by which memory retrieval in ﬂ uences attentional deployment.
Predicting Motor Vigor from EEG Phase Amplitude Coupling (PAC) in Parkinsons Disease: Effects of Dopaminergic Medication and Non-invasive Modulation

Impaired motor vigor is a defining characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the underlying brain mechanisms governing motor vigor (MV) remain unclear. Recent studies have suggested beta-gamma Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) derived from the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) is a potential biomarker for PD that is modulated by Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and L-dopa treatment. Specifically, PAC has been suggested to be a marker of transitions between motor movements, as opposed to encoding the vigor of the current movement. Here, we comprehensively investigate the potential of various PAC interactions, across different frequency pairs, beyond the linear approaches typically employed to predict MV during motor tasks in PD and study the effects of dopaminergic medication and non-invasive Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS). We recorded EEG data from 20 PD patients and 22 healthy controls executing a simple, overlearned handgrip task. Subjects were tested on and off L-dopa medication and with and without GVS (multi-sine either 50-100Hz, 100-150Hz). In a preliminary linear (LASSO-based) analysis comparing various PACs and a broad range of commonly used EEG features, PAC features were found to be crucial for predicting MV approximately equally in PD and HC. Initial findings from the linear analysis showed PAC as a significant indicator for MV in both groups, although with variability in cross-validation that implied a complex, non-linear relationship between PAC and MV. To extensively investigate the PAC-MV relation, we used a deep convolutional neural network (PACNET), developed based on pre-trained VGG-16 architecture, to estimate MV from PAC values. In both PD and HCs, Delta-Beta, Theta-, Alpha-, and Beta-Gamma PACs were important for MV prediction. In PD subjects, GVS affected Delta-Beta, Theta- Gamma-, and Beta-Gamma PACs role in MV prediction, which was sensitive to different GVS stimulation parameters. These PACs were also relevant for PD patients' MV prediction after L-dopa medication. This study supports the hypothesis that EEG PAC across multiple frequency pairs, not just beta-gamma, predicts MV and not just motor transitions and can be a biomarker for assessing the impact of electrical stimulation and dopaminergic medication in PD. Our results suggest that PAC is involved in MV, in addition to a range of previously reported cognitive processes, including working and long-term memory, attention, language, and fluid intelligence. Non-linear approaches appear important for examining EEG PAC and behavior relations.