Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Flow‐Ecology Relationships Using Distributed Lag Nonlinear Models: Large Floods in the Murray River Could Have Delayed Effects on Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Lasting More Than Three Decades

We aimed to quantify the delayed effects of flows on aquatic ecosystems using 33 years of monitoring data on macroinvertebrates and water quality and 51 years of hydrological data, spanning 2,300 km of the Murray River, Australia. By incorporating the delayed effects of hydrological indices, along with physicochemical variables, into generalized additive models to form distributed lag nonlinear models for macroinvertebrate richness and abundance, we found that the effects of floods on macroinvertebrates could last up to 32 years, depending on their magnitude. The models indicated that a large flood can cause an initial depression in macroinvertebrate abundance and richness, followed by a sustained increase persisting for over 25 years before returning to preflood levels. Twelve hydrological indices representing the magnitude of flow events were evaluated, with the q90/med (the 6‐monthly flow exceeded 10% of time, divided by the long‐term median) performing (slightly) better than other indices. Competing hypotheses for the mechanisms underlying the apparent long‐term effect of floods were considered, with the most plausible explanation being the flood‐mediated influx of allochthonous organic matter, especially coarse and large woody debris, that might drive the persistent change in the aquatic community. It is generally believed that macroinvertebrate communities recover quickly after floods, but our findings suggest that we may need to reconceptualize the effects that floods can have on aquatic macroinvertebrates and the communities they support, especially in the context of flow restoration and climate change.
Testing trade‐offs and the dominance–impoverishment rule among ant communities

Ant communities are believed to be structured by competition, with dominant species competitively excluding subordinates (the dominance–impoverishment rule). However, a high number of seemingly similar species coexist, possibly due to interspecific trade‐offs. Here, we examine the evidence for the dominance–impoverishment rule across a broad latitudinal gradient and explore whether trade‐offs explain coexistence within and among ant communities.
Ethanol Electrooxidation on Phase- and Morphology-Controlled Ni(OH)2 Microspheres

The electrooxidation kinetics of ethanol is key to making direct ethanol fuel cells and electrocatalytically reforming ethanol viable technologies for a more sustainable energy conversion. In this study, the electrooxidation of ethanol was investigated on nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) catalysts synthesized using a facile solvothermal method. Variations in the temperature, heating time, and the addition of oleylamine in the precursor enabled the phase and morphology control of the catalysts. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that the addition of oleylamine in the precursor resulted in microspheres with a high surface area, but favored the formation of β-phase Ni(OH)2. Elevated temperatures or prolonged periods of heating in a controlled environment, on the other hand, can lead to the formation of the ethanol oxidation reaction-active α-phase. Among the synthesized catalysts, the α-Ni(OH)2 microspheres with nanoflakes achieved the highest activity for ethanol oxidation with a current density of 24.4 mA cm−2 at 1.55 V (vs. RHE, reversible hydrogen electrode) in cyclic voltammetry tests and stable at 40 mA cm−2 in chronoamperometric tests at the same potential, comparatively higher than other Ni-based catalysts found in the literature. While the overpotential is beyond the useful range for direct ethanol fuel cells, it may be useful for understanding the mechanism of ethanol oxidation reactions on transition metal hydroxides at their oxidizing potential for ethanol electroreforming.
A Test of Tradeoffs between Performance and Immunity in Water Snakes (Nerodia clarkii X Nerodia fasciata)

All organisms are constrained by limited energy and thus must allocate resources in such a way to maximize fitness. Due to their importance to survival, immunity and performance are each often favored in selective environments and thus may be tradeoffs of each other. To test this tradeoff hypothesis, we compared performance to three constitutive measures of immunity in a wild hybrid population of water snakes (Nerodia clarkii X Nerodia fasciata): agglutination response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), heterophil: lymphocyte ratio (HLR), and bactericidal ability (BA). Performance was quantified by exercising snakes up to the point of loss of righting response (LRR) and measuring plasma lactate concentration at this point of fatigue. Support for the tradeoff hypothesis was mixed among the immune assays. Bactericidal ability had a significant positive correlation with LRR (P = 0.003, R2 = 0.263); this was counter to our tradeoff hypothesis and suggests that individuals invest in both traits simultaneously. We failed to detect a significant relationship between SRBC and performance. A significant negative relationship was found between HLR and LRR (P = 0.005, R2 = 0.237). Heterophil: lymphocyte ratio is a balance between innate and acquired immunity that is also indicative of baseline stress. This result showed that snakes with higher HLR are constrained and perform poorly compared to snakes with lower HLR, thus indicating a potential role of stress in affecting performance. Alternatively, this result may denote that internal tradeoffs in the immune system between innate and acquired immunity drive tradeoffs between immunity and performance. Snout–vent length (SVL) was significantly positively correlated with our performance measure (P = 0.012, R2 = 0.192). This result may be explained by selection driving increases in performance and/or ontogenetic development of the locomotor apparatus. Similarly, SVL was an important driver of immunity in snakes. Together, these results clearly show an important link exists between multiple physiological traits that are each vital to survival.
Perceptions of Hospitality Industry Professionals and Hospitality Faculty on Industry-Academia Collaborations

ABSTRACT This study investigated the perceptions of hospitality industry professionals and faculty on their involvement in industry--academia collaboration. This quantitative survey sampled 568 International Council on Hotel, Restaurant, and Institutional Education (ICHRIE) members and 2,366 hospitality industry professionals. A total of 264 participants’ responses were analyzed. A survey was developed to measure perceptions of respondents’ involvement in industry--academia collaboration. The scale was determined to have a high level of reliability, as determined by a Cronbach’s alpha, of 0.857. It was found there were statistically significant differences in perceptions of involvement in industry--academia collaboration between faculty and industry. The findings indicated faculty could benefit from improved communication with the hospitality industry. Faculty should engage industry in different settings, from advisory boards to professional associations.
Relative efficacy of chew card and camera trap indices for use in hedgehog and rat monitoring

ABSTRACT Monitoring is an important component of pest species management in New Zealand. Chew cards are increasingly used for mammalian pest monitoring. They are effective for measuring the relative abundance of rats (Rattus spp.), but their effectiveness for measuring hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) relative abundance has not been tested. Camera traps are also increasingly used as a monitoring tool, but there has been little calibration with other methods. We investigated whether chew card indices and camera indices for hedgehogs and rats gave consistent monitoring results. We also explored the relationship between the relative abundance of rats and hedgehogs using these indices. Hedgehog and rat chew card indices both showed a positive relationship with the respective camera indices for each taxon. However, cameras had fewer detections than chew cards when relative abundance was low (particularly for rats). Interference by rats did not appear to affect detection of hedgehogs with chew cards. Although not a strongly supported result in our study, the relationship between rat and hedgehog relative abundances requires further study and is a reminder that single-species pest control may not produce desired biodiversity outcomes.
Predicting undergraduate student outcomes: Competing or complementary roles of self-esteem, self-compassion, self-efficacy, and mindsets?

Whereas several individual differences have been shown to predict academic and psychological outcomes among university students, it is not always clear which are most impactful, in part because many of the constructs overlap. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the unique contributions of self-esteem, self-compassion, self-efficacy, and mindsets when predicting outcomes among university students. Undergraduate students (N = 214) completed an online survey including measures of the predictors as well as the outcomes of self-control, mental health, and both course and term grades. Correlations confirmed the overlap among the predictors highlighting the importance of examining the unique contributions of each. Results of multiple regression analyses showed that self-esteem and self-compassion explained unique variance in depression and anxiety over and above self-efficacy and growth mindsets. In contrast, self-efficacy and growth mindsets each significantly predicted self-control when controlling for self-esteem and self-compassion. Only self-efficacy predicted course grades. Given our results, we suggest that self-compassion and one’s beliefs about their abilities are complementary strengths for students attending university and should be considered when designing interventions to improve outcomes.
Characterization and stabilization in process development and product formulation for super large proteinaceous particles

Super large proteinaceous particles (SLPPs) such as virus, virus like particles, and extracellular vesicles have successful and promising applications in vaccination, gene therapy, and cancer treatment. The unstable nature, the complex particulate structure and composition are challenges for their manufacturing and applications. Rational design of the processing should be built on the basis of fully understanding the characteristics of these bio‐particles. This review highlights useful analytical techniques for characterization and stabilization of SLPPs in the process development and product formulations, including high performance size exclusion chromatography, multi‐angle laser light scattering, asymmetrical flow field‐flow fractionation, nanoparticle tracking analysis, CZE, differential scanning calorimetry, differential scanning fluorescence, isothermal titration calorimetry , and dual polarization interferometry. These advanced analytical techniques will be helpful in obtaining deep insight into the mechanism related to denaturation of SLPPs, and more importantly, in seeking solutions to preserve their biological functions against deactivation or denaturation. Combination of different physicochemical techniques, and correlation with in vitro or in vivo biological activity analyses, are considered to be the future trend of development in order to guarantee a high quality, safety, and efficacy of SLPPs.
Personality and Subjective Well-Being among Elder Adults: Examining the Mediating Role of Cycling Specialization

Abstract Evidence suggests that personality and subjective well-being (SWB) are related to leisure activity engagement among elder adults. However, evidence of the role of cycling specialization (CS) in the relationship between personality and SWB is lacking. A structural model was proposed to examine the relationship among personality, CS, and SWB. A sample of elder adults (n = 286) was randomly recruited from among cycling participants in China. The structural equation modeling results revealed that personality had a significant positive effect on CS. Personality and CS were positively associated with SWB. Personality had a positive, indirect effect on SWB through CS, cognition and affect. Furthermore, behavior did not significantly mediate the relationship between personality and SWB. These results offered insight into the relationship between personality and SWB among elder adults, especially considering the variable of CS. The limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.
Quality of Life and Its Relationship with Cognitive Flexibility among Higher Education Students

The study aimed to inspect the quality of life (QOL) and its relation with cognitive flexibility among higher education students according to gender, accumulative average, and academic year. The study sample consisted of (325) students enrolled in Al-Balqa’a Applied university. Two scales are used to achieve study purposes, QOL scale and cognitive flexibility scale. The study outcomes indicated that there are statistically significant differences in QOL (quality of health and time management) among students due to the gender in favor to male students, there are no statistically significant differences in QOL (quality of social and family life, education and learning, emotional life, and mental health) among students due to gender, and there are statistically significant differences in QOL (quality of health, education and learning, emotional life, mental health, and time management) among students due to accumulative average. Furthermore, the results found that there is a positive statistically significant relationship between QOL (overall scale) and cognitive flexibility (overall scale), there is a positive statistically significant relationship between adaptive cognitive flexibility and QOL (quality of health, social and family life, education and learning, emotional life, mental health, and time management), and there is a statistically significant relationship between spontaneous cognitive flexibility and dimensions of QOL (quality of health, education and learning, mental health, and time management), while there is not a statistically significant relationship between spontaneous cognitive flexibility and dimensions of QOL (social and family life and emotional life).
Effect of Fermentation on Enhancing the Nutraceutical Properties of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina)

Arthrospira platensis (spirulina), a filamentous fresh-water planktonic cyanobacterium, possesses diverse biological activities and a unique nutritional profile, due to its high content of valuable nutrients. This study aimed to further improve the bioactive profile of spirulina, by fermenting it with the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum. In vitro comparison of the total phenolic content (TPC), C-phycocyanin, free methionine, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and protein fragmentation via SDS-PAGE in untreated versus 12 to 72 h fermented spirulina is reported here. After 36 h fermentation, TPC was enhanced by 112%, FRAP by 85% and ORAC by 36%. After 24 h, the DPPH radical scavenging capacity increased 60%, while the free methionine content increased by 94%, after 72 h. Past 36 h of fermentation, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) diminished, possibly due to deterioration of the heat-sensitive antioxidants. However, protein fragmentation and free methionine content increased, linearly, with the fermentation time. Cyanobacterial peptides and other bioactive compounds trapped within the spirulina cell wall are released during fermentation and have a significant potential as a functional ingredient in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, in addition to their nutritive value.
Research on the Impact of Industrial Pollution on River Ganga: A Review

River Ganga is considered sacred for providing life sustenance to the people of India. Anthropogenic activities, however, have generated huge transformations in the river ecosystem during the past few decades. Advancement of technology in the form of a rise in the number of industries and the subsequent discharge of untreated and semi treated wastes into the river has raised serious concern about the safe use of river water for drinking and other purposes. The river water pollution due to industrial wastes is one of the major concerns in most of the metropolitan cities nowadays. These wastes discharged from diverse industries entering the water system lead to changes in the physicochemical and biological properties of riverine ecology and may further lead to bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the bodies of aquatic organisms and hence can enter the food web. The exposure to such water bodies can result in diverse health disorders in the living organisms and can affect the aquatic diversity, as a whole it deteriorates the riverine ecosystem. The following review article presents the findings of the work carried out by the various researchers on the effect of industrial pollution on river Ganga.
Fish meal replaced by hydrolysed soybean meal in diets increases growth and improves the antioxidant defense system of silver catfish (
 Rhamdia quelen
 )

One of the current challenges of global fish farming is developing plant‐based proteins as a feasible substitute for fishmeal in the formulation of aquafeeds. Substitution levels of fishmeal with hydrolyzed soybean meal (HSM) in diets for silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) were evaluated for growth, protein metabolism and antioxidant activity. The experiment was carried out in a recirculation system of 20 tanks of 250 L. A total of 300 silver catfish juveniles were used to compose five treatments and four replicates per treatment. Levels of soybean hydrolysate (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were tested in diets (39% protein and 3,500 Kcal) for 60 days. Silver catfish growth was higher at all inclusion levels of HSM when compared to the control diet. No change was shown for body protein deposition. The production of nitrogenous compounds in the liver and muscle was also unaffected by any of the diets. The diet containing 20% HSM promoted an increase in the amounts of non‐protein thiols in the gills and brain. The HSM substitution levels of up to 20% of fishmeal in the diet increases growth and contributes to silver catfish antioxidant activity.
LITERASI SAINS SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING DENGAN BLOG

This research aimed to know the use the application of the learning model of blended learning with blogs to the ability of students' scientific literacy in learning science on ecosystem subconcept at 5 th grade elementary school. This research used descriptive method. The sample of this research was 52 students, 27 were from SDN 1 Cibatok, and the other 25 were from SDN 1 Cibatok. The sampling technique used was random technique. The science literacy test used consisted of 20 items. The instrument used in this research were assessment sheet and survey respon sheet for then test for science literacy. Based on the result showed students science literacy by the use of the learning model of blended learning with blogs was conducted 74,83 in categorized good. Then it can be concluded that student literacy through the application of blended learning models with blogs is already good. So that students have a better understanding of scientific literacy, students should be continuously trained to understand science learning model blended learning with blogs. Keyword: Learning Model of blended learning with blogs; Scientific literacy
Studentification in Germany: How investors generate profits from student tenants in Goettingen and the impacts on urban segregation

This paper presents a study about studentification in the medium-sized university town of Goettingen, Germany. While many studentification studies focus on the transformation of owner-occupied houses into houses of multiple occupation, this study is about displacement in the rental housing market. I argue that within this context, the displacement of marginalised social groups takes place through rental prices and private landlords’ preferences for students of higher education. Hence, I focus on how landlords extract high rents from their property without making serious investments and investigate landlords’ strategies for increasing their return on investment via higher education student tenants. I explain their strategies, grounding this research in semi-structured interviews with landlords, property managers and real estate agents, complemented by statistical data. I show that different rental strategies landlords apply lead to the separation of different social groups. Hence, this paper argues that the strategies of landlords have an important impact on urban segregation and urban development in cities. Therefore, a deeper investigation of these strategies would help us achieve a better understanding of how the process of studentification proceeds and how displacement takes place.
Evaluation of Service Quality From the Patients’ Viewpoint in the Oncology Setting of a University Hospital in Iran

Background: Hospitals are one of the most important units in providing healthcare services. The assessment of the quality of provided services is essential in these settings. Patient satisfaction is one of the key indicators of service quality in healthcare organizations. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the gap between the perceptions and expectations of service recipients in Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital (Tehran, Iran), using the SERVQUAL model in 2020. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with cancer, who were upon discharge from Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital. Patients (> 18 years) with a cancer diagnosis, who were being discharged from the oncology ward of the hospital, were included in this study. The sample size was estimated at 118. The required information was collected, using the modified SERVQUAL questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS version 20, using a paired t test and one-sample t-test. Results: The results showed that the quality of the provided services from the patients’ perspective was significantly lower than their expectations. The mean gap between the expectations and perceptions of patients was significantly above zero (P < 0.001). The most influential factor in improving patient satisfaction with the quality of services was assurance, followed by reliability, while the least effective factor was empathy. The correlation coefficient between the general status of provided services from the patients’ point of view and loyalty was 0.740 (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicated that patient expectations were higher than their satisfaction. Therefore, hospital authorities should take major steps to improve the quality of services, especially reliability and responsiveness, through proper planning, prioritization of services, and review of processes contributing to patient expectations. The existing gaps can also be addressed by considering the perspectives of patients as the clients of healthcare organizations.