Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Timing of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1748.9-2021 during its 2015 outburst

We report on the timing analysis of the 2015 outburst of the intermittent accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1748.9-2021 observed on March 4 by the X-ray satellite XMM-Newton. By phase-connecting the time of arrivals of the observed pulses, we derived the best-fit orbital solution for the 2015 outburst. We investigated the energy pulse profile dependence finding that the pulse fractional amplitude increases with energy while no significant time lags are detected. Moreover, we investigated the previous outbursts from this source, finding previously undetected pulsations in some intervals during the 2010 outburst of the source. Comparing the updated set of orbital parameters, in particular the value of the time of passage from the ascending node, with the orbital solutions reported from the previous outbursts, we estimated for the first time the orbital period derivative corresponding with $\dot{P}_{orb}=(1.1\pm0.3)\times 10^{-10}$ s/s. We note that this value is significant at 3.5 sigma confidence level, because of significant fluctuations with respect to the parabolic trend and more observations are needed in order to confirm the finding. Assuming the reliability of the result, we suggest that the large value of the orbital-period derivative can be explained as a result of an highly non-conservative mass transfer driven by emission of gravitational waves, which implies the ejection of matter from a region close to the inner Lagrangian point. We also discuss possible alternative explanations.
SDSS J162520.29+120308.7 – a new SU Ursae Majoris star in the period gap

We report results of an extensive world-wide observing campaign devoted to the recently discovered dwarf nova SDSS J162520.29+120308.7 (SDSS J1625). The data were obtained during the July 2010 eruption of the star and in August and September 2010 when the object was in quiescence. During the July 2010 superoutburst SDSS J1625 clearly displayed superhumps with a mean period of $P_{\rm sh}=0.095942(17)$ days ($138.16 \pm 0.02$ min) and a maximum amplitude reaching almost 0.4 mag. The superhump period was not stable, decreasing very rapidly at a rate of $\dot P = -1.63(14)\cdot 10^{-3}$ at the beginning of the superoutburst and increasing at a rate of $\dot P = 2.81(20)\cdot 10^{-4}$ in the middle phase. At the end of the superoutburst it stabilized around the value of $P_{\rm sh}=0.09531(5)$ day. During the first twelve hours of the superoutburst a low-amplitude double wave modulation was observed whose properties are almost identical to early superhumps observed in WZ Sge stars. The period of early superhumps, the period of modulations observed temporarily in quiescence and the period derived from radial velocity variations are the same within measurement errors, allowing us to estimate the most probable orbital period of the binary to be $P_{\rm orb}=0.09111(15)$ days ($131.20 \pm 0.22$ min). This value clearly indicates that SDSS J1625 is another dwarf nova in the period gap. Knowledge of the orbital and superhump periods allows us to estimate the mass ratio of the system to be $q\approx 0.25$. This high value poses serious problems both for the thermal and tidal instability (TTI) model describing the behaviour of dwarf novae and for some models explaining the origin of early superhumps.
Investigating Smartphone Brand Loyalty for Millennials and Gen Z: A Customer Value Perspective

The purpose of this paper is to examine smartphone user’s brand loyalty decisions across and within generation cohorts – Gen Z and Millennials, based on customer value theory. The study discovers value perceptions for the cohorts, utilizes these for identifying distinct consumer segments within the cohorts and finally, investigates the impact of these value perceptions, on loyalty, for each of the sub-segments. A four stage analysis involving exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA and MANOVA was undertaken. Three distinctive clusters were obtained within both Gen Z and the Millennials and for each of these sub-segments, the influence of the identified value perceptions, when investigated on attitudinal and behavioral components of loyalty, threw striking differences. The paper extends the current understanding of smartphone brand management, particularly from the perspective of identifying value perceptions’ based consumer segments, within the cohorts and mapping the influence of these identified perceptions on both attitudinal and behavioral components of loyalty.
The Nature of Stable Soft X-Ray Emissions in Several Types of Active Galactic Nuclei Observed by Suzaku

To constrain the origin of the soft X-ray excess phenomenon seen in many active galactic nuclei, the intensity-correlated spectral analysis, developed by Noda et al. (2011b) for Markarian 509, was applied to wide-band (0.5-45 keV) Suzaku data of five representative objects with relatively weak reflection signature. They are the typical bare-nucleus type 1 Seyfert Fairall 9, the bright and typical type 1.5 Seyfert MCG-2-58-22, 3C382 which is one of the X-ray brightest broad line radio galaxies, the typical Seyfert-like radio loud quasar 4C+74.26, and the X-ray brightest radio quiet quasar MR2251-178. In all of them, soft X-ray intensities in energies below 3 keV were tightly correlated with that in 3-10 keV, but with significant positive offsets. These offsets, when calculated in finer energy bands, define a stable soft component in 0.5-3 keV. In each object, this component successfully explained the soft excess above a power-law fit. These components were interpreted in several alternative ways, including a thermal Comptonization component which is independent of the dominant power-law emission. This interpretation, considered physically most reasonable, is discussed from a viewpoint of Multi-Zone Comptonization, which was proposed for the black hole binary Cygnus X-1 (Makishima et al. 2008).
BYU ScholarsArchive BYU ScholarsArchive Aiding Semantic Memory Creation with Navigational Context Aiding Semantic Memory Creation with Navigational Context

While we have traditionally understood the hippocampus to be involved in memory and navigation, it also appears that it has a role in language processing, creation and prediction. An obvious explanation for this is that language is impossible if linguistic signs cannot be remembered and retrieved. Because linguistic signs are definitionally biologically neutral or arbitrary, we must use the brain’s apparatus for learning and storing information from the external world to store and retrieve them. Although plausible, this explanation fails to take into account the hippocampus’ role in navigation as a contributing element in the processing, storage and retrieval of linguistic signs. Because the hippocampus also represents non-physical spaces through the same basic cognitive mechanisms with which it represents physical space, it is possible that the semantic content of linguistic signs is encoded in a fundamentally similar way to how navigational information is encoded. If true, this could have implications for education in general, and second language acquisition specifically. These experiments test whether there might be a learning benefit to presenting information in consistent spatial locations by having participants learn word associations in a 3-dimensional virtual environment. The experiments found that this was not the case. These findings have implications for education. Some educational paradigms stress learning in relevant contexts. These results suggest that physical location may not be an important component of a learning environment.
The Effectiveness of Government Measures in the First Wave of Covid-19 Pandemic

The aim of the article is to use empirical analysis to confirm the applicability of NAIRU and NARRU concepts to evaluate the adequacy of measures against Covid-19. While higher NAIRU than NARRU throughout the coronavirus pandemic period confirmed the achievement of an epidemic-economic balance in the labor market at the cost of spreading the epidemic, a lower positive unemployment gap in the NAIRU concept indicated a milder recession than the epidemic in society would require. The Czech government should have either introduced a stricter lockdown or should have provided enough respirators, tests, and vaccines. The application of the NAIRU concept also confirms its suitability for use in economic and political practice in an unstable period.
CSI 2264: Investigating rotation and its connection with disk accretion in the young open cluster NGC 2264

The low spin rates measured for solar-type stars at an age of a few Myr (~10% of the break-up velocity) indicate that some mechanism of angular momentum regulation must be at play in the early pre-main sequence. We characterize the rotation properties for members of the region NGC 2264 (~3 Myr), and investigate the accretion-rotation connection at an age where about 50% of the stars have already lost their disks. We examined a sample of 500 cluster members whose photometric variations were monitored in the optical for 38 consecutive days with CoRoT. Light curves were analyzed for periodicity using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, the autocorrelation function and the string-length method. The period distribution obtained for the cluster consists of a smooth distribution centered around P=5.2 d with two peaks at P=1-2 d and 3-4 d. A separate analysis of CTTS and WTTS indicates that the P=1-2 d peak is associated with the latter, while both groups contribute to the P=3-4 d peak. The comparison between CTTS and WTTS supports the idea of a rotation-accretion connection: their respective rotational properties are statistically different, and CTTS rotate on average more slowly than WTTS. We also observe a clear dearth of fast rotators with strong accretion signatures (large UV flux excess). This is consistent with earlier findings that fast rotators in young star clusters are typically devoid of dusty disks. Our sample shows some evidence of a mass dependence in the rotation properties of NGC 2264 members, lower-mass stars spinning on average faster. This study confirms that disks influence the rotational evolution of young stars. The idea of disk-locking may be consistent with the picture of rotation and rotation-accretion connection that we observe for the NGC 2264 cluster. However, the origin of the several substructures that we observe in the period distribution deserves further investigation.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE IMPACT OF PROVIDER PAYMENTS ON HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION OF LOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS: EVIDENCE FROM MEDICARE AND MEDICAID

Provider payments are the key determinant of insurance generosity within many health insurance programs covering low-income populations. This paper analyzes the effects of a large, federallymandated provider payment increase for primary care services provided to low-income elderly and disabled individuals. Drawing upon comprehensive administrative payment and utilization data, we leverage variation across beneficiaries and across providers in the policy-induced payment increase in difference-in-differences and triple differences research designs. The estimates indicate that the provider payment reform led to a 6.3% increase in the targeted services provided to eligible beneficiaries, indicating an implied payment elasticity of 1.2. Further, the provider payment reform decreased the fraction of low-income beneficiaries with no primary care visit in a year by 9%, completely closing the gap relative to higher-income beneficiaries with the same observable characteristics. Additionally, the results indicate that the payment reform caused an increase in established patient visits, with no increase in new patient visits. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the payment increase led to an expansion of utilization for many subgroups, with somewhat larger effects among beneficiaries who are younger, are white, and live in areas with many primary care providers per capita. Marika Cabral Department of Economics University of Texas at Austin 2225 Speedway BRB 1.116, C3100 Austin, TX 78712 and NBER marika.cabral@utexas.edu Colleen Carey Department of Policy Analysis and Management Cornell University MVR Hall, Room 298 Ithaca, NY 14853 and NBER colleenmariecarey@gmail.com Sarah Miller Ross School of Business University of Michigan 701 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and NBER mille@umich.edu
MODELING THE MOLECULAR COMPOSITION IN AN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS DISK

We use a high-temperature chemical network to derive the molecular abundances in axisymmetric accretion disk models around active galactic nuclei (AGNs) within 100 pc using simple radial and vertical density and temperature distributions motivated by more detailed physical models. We explore the effects of X-ray irradiation and cosmic-ray ionization on the spatial distribution of the molecular abundances of CO, CN, CS, HCN, HCO+, HC3N, C2H, and c-C3H2 using a variety of plausible disk structures. These simple models have molecular regions with an X-ray-dominated region layer, a midplane without the strong influence of X-rays, and a high-temperature region in the inner portion with moderate X-ray flux where families of polyynes (CnH2) and cyanopolyynes can be enhanced. For the high midplane density disks we explore, we find that cosmic rays produced by supernovae do not significantly affect the regions unless the star formation efficiency significantly exceeds that of the Milky Way. We highlight molecular abundance observations and ratios that may distinguish among theoretical models of the density distribution in AGN disks. Finally, we assess the importance of the shock crossing time and the accretion time relative to the formation time for various chemical species. Vertical column densities are tabulated for a number of molecular species at both the characteristic shock crossing time and steady state. Although we do not attempt to fit any particular system or set of observations, we discuss our models and results in the context of the nearby AGN NGC 1068.
Newly observed $D_J(3000)^{+,0}$ and $D_J^*(3000)^0$ as $2P$ states in $D$ meson family

In this work, we study the newly observed $D_J(3000)$ and $D_J^*(3000)$ through the analysis of mass spectrum and calculation of the corresponding two-body strong decay behaviors. Our results show that $D_J(3000)$ and $D_J^*(3000)$ are explained as the $2P(1^+)$ and $2^3P_0$ states in the $D$ meson family, respectively, which is supported by the calculated masses of these two states and their decay behaviors. As a byproduct, the decay behaviors of $3^1S_0$, $3^3S_1$, $2D(2^-)$, $2^3D_1$, $2D^\prime(2^-)$, $2^3D_3$, $2P^\prime(1^+)$, $2^3P_2$, $1F(3^+)$, $1^3F_2$, $1F^\prime(3^+)$, and $1^3F_4$ states are also given, which will be helpful to further experimentally study mixings of these $D$ mesons, too.
Structural Change in Production Networks and Economic Growth

ing from heterogeneity in intermediates bundling allows us to write aggregate technical change purely in terms of exogenous technical change processes and to separate out direct technical change in investment production, BX t , from technical change in intermediates production, B M t . In the empirically reasonable case where α ≈ 0.5, and thus At ∝ BX t BM t , the result of Lemma 3 implies that movements in the relative price of intermediates to investment can provide information about which source of technical change—intermediates or investment—is playing a larger role in the aggregate rate of growth.26 We provide evidence on how these relative prices have evolved over time and what this implies for sources of technical change in Section XX6. 4.3. Implications of Balanced Growth for Structural Change and Growth Rates A key feature of the ABGP is that it allows for structural change in production networks while the aggregate growth rate of the economy remains stable. Because of assumptions 1 and 2, the share of each sector’s intermediates or investment production in the aggregate (equations (16) and (17)) can be rewritten as:
Small-scale chemical abundance analysis in a blue compact dwarf galaxy SBS 1415+437

We use integral field spectroscopic (IFS) observations from Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph-North (GMOS-N) to analyse the ionised gas in the principal star-forming region in the blue compact dwarf galaxy SBS 1415+437. The IFS data enable us to map the weak auroral line [O III] $\lambda$4363 at a spatial scale of $\sim$6.5 pc across a region of $\sim$143 $\times$ 143 pc$^2$. This in turn allows us to use the robust direct T$_e$-method to map the ionic and elemental abundances of nitrogen (N) along with the alpha-elements, oxygen (O), neon (Ne), sulphur (S) and argon (Ar). We utilise these abundances to map the relative abundances of N, Ne, S and Ar with respect to O. We segment this predominantly photoionised region of study into elliptical annuli on the basis of the H$\alpha$ flux distribution to study the variation of chemical abundances and their ratios, and find no significant chemical variation. We also perform chemical abundance analysis on the integrated spectra of the region under study and elliptical annuli within it. We find that the inferred abundances are in agreement with the median of the abundances obtained from the chemical abundance maps of the principal star-forming region and the mapped values within annuli.The finding has important implications for direct comparison with high-redshift observations, where spatial resolution is not available, and for a consistent approach to track chemical evolution across cosmic time.
Photon underproduction crisis: Are QSOs sufficient to resolve it?

We investigate the recent claim of ‘photon underproduction crisis’ by Kollmeier et al. (2014) which suggests that the known sources of ultra-violet (UV) radiation may not be sufficient to generate the inferred Hi photoionization rate ( HI) in the low redshift inter-galactic medium. Using the updated QSO emissivities from the recent studies and our radiative transfer code developed to estimate the UV background, we show that the QSO contributions to HI is higher by a factor �2 as compared to the previous estimates. Using self-consistently computed combinations of star formation rate density and dust attenuation, we show that a typical UV escape fraction of 4% from star forming galaxies should be sufficient to explain the inferred HI by Kollmeier et al.(2014). Interestingly, we find that the contribution from QSOs alone can explain the recently inferred HI by Shull et al.(2015) which used the same observational data but different simulation. Therefore, we conclude that the crisis is not as severe as it was perceived before and there seems no need to look for alternate explanations such as low luminosity hidden QSOs or decaying dark matter particles.
Effective Temperature Control for Industrial Friction Stir Technologies

Effective Temperature Control for Industrial Friction Stir Technologies Arnold David Wright Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science Systematic investigation of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process shows that a fixed rotational velocity and feed rate may not yield uniform mechanical properties along the length of a weldment. Nevertheless, correlations between process parameters and post-weld material properties have successfully demonstrated that peak temperature and cooling rate drive postweld properties. There have been many reported methodologies for controlling friction stir welding, with varying degrees of cost to implement and effectiveness. However, comparing data from uncontrolled FSW of AA 6111-T4 sheet with controlled FSW at temperatures ranging from 375 °C to 450 °C demonstrates that a simplified methodology of a single-loop PID controlling with spindle speed may be used to effectively control temperature. This methodology can be simply used with any machine that already has the ability to actively control spindle speed, and has been previously shown to be able to be auto-tuned with a single weld. Additionally, implementation of this method compared to uncontrolled FSW in AA6111 at linear weld speeds of 1-2 meters per minute showed improved mechanical properties and greater consistency in properties along the length of the weld under temperature control. Further results indicate that a minimum spindle rpm may exist above which tensile specimens did not fracture within the weld centerline, regardless of temperature. This work demonstrates that a straightforward, PID-based implementation of temperature control at high weld rates can produce high quality welds with auto-tuned gains. This method also shows promise in application to other processes in the Friction Stir family, and preliminary results in an application to the Additive Friction Stir Deposition (AFSD) process are also presented.
County Differences in Liver Mortality in the US: Impact of Sociodemographics, Disease Risk Factors, and Access to Care.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Data have demonstrated county- and state-wide variability in mortality rates from liver disease, but data are lacking at the 'local' (e.g., county) level to identify factors associated with variability in liver disease-related mortality and hotspots of liver disease mortality. METHODS We used CDC Wonder data from 2009-2018 to calculate county-level age-adjusted liver disease-related death rates. We fit multivariable linear regression models to adjust for county-level covariates related to demographics (i.e., race and ethnicity), medical co-morbidities (e.g., obesity), access-to-care (e.g., uninsured rate), and geographic (e.g., distance to closest liver transplant center) variables. We used optimized hotspot analysis to identify clusters of liver disease mortality hotspots based on the final multivariable models. RESULTS In multivariable models, 61% of the variability in among-county mortality was explained by county-level race/ethnicity, poverty, uninsured rates, distance to the closest transplant center, and local rates of obesity, diabetes, and alcohol use. Despite adjustment, there was significant within-state variability in county-level mortality rates. Of counties with the 'top' 5th percentile (i.e., highest mortality) of fully adjusted mortality, 60% were located in three states: Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico. Adjusted mortality rates were highly spatially correlated, representing five clusters: 1) South Florida; 2) Appalachia and the eastern part of the Midwest; 3) Texas and Oklahoma; 4) New Mexico, Arizona, California, and southern Oregon; and 5) parts of Washington and Montana. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate significant intra-state differences in liver disease-related mortality, with more than 60% of the variability being explained by patient demographics, clinical risk factors for liver disease, and access to specialty liver care.
Exact solution for the quench dynamics of a nested integrable system

Integrable models provide an exact description for a wide variety of physical phenomena. For example nested integrable systems contain different species of interacting particles with a rich phenomenology in their collective behavior, which is the origin of the unconventional phenomenon of spin-charge separation. So far, however, most of the theoretical work in the study of non-equilibrium dynamics of integrable systems has focussed on models with an elementary (i.e. not nested) Bethe ansatz. In this work we explicitly investigate quantum quenches in nested integrable systems, by generalizing the application of the quench action approach. Specifically, we consider the spin-1 Lai–Sutherland model, described, in the thermodynamic limit, by the theory of two different species of Bethe-ansatz particles, each one forming an infinite number of bound states. We focus on the situation where the quench dynamics starts from a simple matrix product state for which the overlaps with the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are known. We fully characterize the post-quench steady state and perform several consistency checks for the validity of our results. Finally, we provide predictions for the propagation of entanglement and mutual information after the quench, which can be used as signature of the quasi-particle content of the model.