Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temporary extra-regional linkages and export product and market diversification

ABSTRACT While considerable attention has been paid towards how some long-lasting extra-regional linkages such as foreign direct investments facilitate interregional knowledge transfer, less is known about the role of temporary extra-regional linkages formulated via trade fairs. This paper seeks to fill this gap by focusing on the China Import and Export Fair and examining the relationship between temporary extra-regional linkages forged by trade fairs and regional export dynamics. In doing so, we also speak with the literature on ‘temporary clusters’. Our second contribution is to differentiate export market and product diversification, and to show distinct effects of temporary extra-regional linkages on those two.
Sums of distances between points on a sphere — an application of the theory of irregularities of distribution to discrete Geometry

This paper is concerned with the solution of the following interesting geometrical problem. For what set of n points on the sphere is the sum of all Euclidean distances between points maximal, and what is the maximum? Our starting point is the following surprising “invariance principle” due to K. B. Stolarsky: The sum of the distances between points plus the quadratic average of a discrepancy type quantity is constant. Thus the sum of distances is maximized by a well distributed set of points. We now introduce some notation to make the statement more precise.
An Adaptive Generalized S-Transform Algorithm for Seismic Signal Analysis

As a powerful method in signal processing, time-frequency analysis shows the characteristics of signals in the form of a joint domain distribution of time and frequency. The S-transform is one of the most effective and frequently used algorithms for time-frequency analysis of seismic signals. To address the problems of fixed time window, such as single time-frequency resolution and poor energy aggregation, an adaptive generalized S-transform algorithm is proposed. In this method, we designed a new generalized Gaussian window function with four variable parameters to obtain the optimal time-frequency distribution. The proposed window function uses time-frequency aggregation as the objective function for parameter optimization. Combined with the calculation results of the time-frequency aggregation and time-frequency distribution, we proved that the proposed method has a satisfactory analysis effect and anti-noise performance. In addition, a simulation experiment of the seismic signal is carried out using this algorithm, and the results show that the proposed adaptive generalized S-transform enhances the time-frequency resolution and energy aggregation in seismic signal analysis.
Random Sums of Independent Indicators and Generalized Reduced Processes

We consider a random sum of independent and identically distributed Bernoulli random variables. We prove several limit theorems for this sum under some natural assumptions. Using these limit theorems a generalized version of the reduced critical Galton-Watson process will be studied. In particular we find limit distributions for the number of individuals in a given generation the number of whose descendants after some generations exceeds a fixed or increasing level. An application to study of the number of “big” trees in a forest containing a random number of trees will also be discussed.
Top-of-Atmosphere Radiance-to-Flux Conversion in the SW Domain for the ScaRaB-3 Instrument on Megha-Tropiques

Abstract The earth radiation budget (ERB) is the difference between the solar absorbed flux and the terrestrial emitted flux. These fluxes are calculated from satellite measurements of outgoing shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiances using empirical or theoretical models of the radiation anisotropy, which are called angular distribution models (ADMs). Owing to multidirectional measurement analyses and synergy with multispectral information at subpixel scale, the ADM developed for the NASA Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) mission is presently the best knowledge and has to be taken into account for future ERB missions, such as the Indian–French Megha-Tropiques mission to be launched in 2010. This mission will carry an ERB instrument called the Scanner for Radiation Budget (ScaRaB). To prepare the algorithms for the ScaRaB ADM retrievals, the artificial neural network (ANN) method described by the CERES team has been adopted and improved by replacing the broadband (BB) radiances by nar.
Anti‐windup synthesis for nonlinear dynamic inversion control schemes

A general anti‐windup (AW) compensation scheme is provided for a class of input constrained feedback‐linearizable nonlinear systems. The controller considered is an inner‐loop nonlinear dynamic inversion controller, augmented with an outer‐loop linear controller, of arbitrary structure. For open‐loop globally exponentially stable plants, it is shown that (i) there always exists a globally stabilizing AW compensator corresponding to a nonlinear generalization of the Internal‐Model‐Control (IMC) AW solution; (ii) important operator theoretic parallels exist between the AW design scheme for linear control and the suggested AW design scheme for nonlinear affine plants and (iii) a more attractive AW compensator may be obtained by using a nonlinear state‐feedback term, which plays a role similar to the linear state‐feedback term in linear coprime factor‐based AW compensation. The results are demonstrated on a dual‐tank simulation example. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stan and BART for Causal Inference: Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Using the Power of Stan and the Flexibility of Machine Learning

A wide range of machine-learning-based approaches have been developed in the past decade, increasing our ability to accurately model nonlinear and nonadditive response surfaces. This has improved performance for inferential tasks such as estimating average treatment effects in situations where standard parametric models may not fit the data well. These methods have also shown promise for the related task of identifying heterogeneous treatment effects. However, the estimation of both overall and heterogeneous treatment effects can be hampered when data are structured within groups if we fail to correctly model the dependence between observations. Most machine learning methods do not readily accommodate such structure. This paper introduces a new algorithm, stan4bart, that combines the flexibility of Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) for fitting nonlinear response surfaces with the computational and statistical efficiencies of using Stan for the parametric components of the model. We demonstrate how stan4bart can be used to estimate average, subgroup, and individual-level treatment effects with stronger performance than other flexible approaches that ignore the multilevel structure of the data as well as multilevel approaches that have strict parametric forms.
Effect of Nursing Intervention on Controlling Interdialytic Weight and Vascular Access Complications among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

: Background: Chronic kidney disease has become a major chronic health problem worldwide and the need for development of educational interventions which help patients to better manage their conditions is evident internationally. It has been recognized that poor adherence can be a serious risk to the health and wellbeing of patients. Adherence to fluid restrictions, dietary and medication guidelines as well as attendance at prescribed hemodialysis sessions are essential for adequate management of chronic kidney disease. Purpose to examine the effect of nursing intervention on controlling interdialytic weight and vascular access complications among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Setting: Hemodialysis unit in Menoufia University and Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospitals. Sampling: A consecutive sample of 100 adult patients on hemodialysis were selected and divided alternatively into two equal groups: 50 patients for each group (study - control). Instruments: two instruments were used for data collection: Structured interview questionnaire, and biophysiological measurement instrument. Results: There was significant improvement among study group than control group one month and three months post intervention regarding total knowledge score, interdialytic weight and vascular access complications. Conclusions: Nursing intervention is proven to be effective in controlling interdialytic weight and vascular access complications. Recommendations : Supervised nursing intervention should be carried out for all hemodialysis patients and colored booklet should be available and distributed for all patients.
Investigation of Input-Output Waveform Engineered High-Efficiency Broadband Class B/J Power Amplifier

This work introduces a new broadband Class B/J power amplifier (PA) design methodology by considering the input-output waveform shaping due to nonlinear CGS-VGS profile in gallium nitride (GaN) radio frequency (RF) devices. A comprehensive time domain modeling of drain voltage and drain current as a function of input nonlinearity is presented to predict continuous Class B/J PA performance. The proposed theory shows that continuous-mode operation can no longer maintain constant PA performance with varying fundamental and second harmonic impedances as predicted by the ideal class-J theory. This paper demonstrates that continuous-mode class B/J operation with input-output waveform shaping yields a new design space with two distinct regions: one advantageous region with capacitive second harmonic load terminations in which PA performance can be enhanced significantly; and another within an inductive second harmonic load area where the performance is degraded compared to that of a classical class B/J PA. For practical validation, source pull measurements and load pull analyses are presented and a broadband Class B/J PA is designed with the proposed second harmonic load and source termination. Source/Load-pull measurements/simulations confirm the theoretical predictions in terms of performance variation across the design space. A high efficiency design space is then identified for broadband PA design. The PA protype demonstrates drain efficiency of (60-73) % with output power above 40 dBm and corrected adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) better than −55 dBc with digital predistortion (DPD) using 10 MHz LTE signal across (2.2-3.4) GHz.
Glyphosate-based Herbicide (GBH) Causes Damage in Embryo-larval Stages of Zebra�sh (Danio Rerio)

Glyphosate-Based Herbicides (GBH) show risks to the environment and also to aquatic organisms, such as �sh. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of GBH exposure on Danio rerio embryos at drinking water concentrations. Zebra�sh embryos were exposed to 250, 500, and 1000 µg/L of Roundup Original DI® for 96 hours. Glyphosate concentration in water, parameters physicochemical water, mortality, hatching rate, heart rate, malformations, behavior, and biomarkers were evaluated. Our results showed that at 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf), the animals exposed to GBH 500 increased mortality as compared to the control. The hatching rate increased in all groups exposed at 48 hpf as compared to the control group. The embryos exposed did not present changes in the spontaneous movement and touch response. Exposed groups demonstrated a higher number of malformations in �sh embryos as compared to the control. Most malformations were: pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, body malformations, and curvature of the spine. In heart rate, we can see that bradycardia occurred in groups exposed, as predicted due to cardiac abnormalities. We recorded a signi�cant decrease in GST (GBH 250 and GBH 500) and AChE (GBH 250) activity. No differences were found between the groups in the concentration of protein, ACAP, TBARS, ROS, NPSH, and catalase. The damage in all evaluated stages of development was aggravated by the mortality and malformations. The large-scale use of GBHs, coupled with the permissiveness of its presence could be the cause damage to the aquatic environment affecting the embryonic development of non-target organisms.
The Impact of Horizontal Grid Spacing on the Microphysical and Kinematic Structures of Strong Tropical Cyclones Simulated with the WRF-ARW Model

Abstract Using the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting numerical model, the impact of horizontal grid spacing on the microphysical and kinematic structure of a numerically simulated tropical cyclone (TC), and their relationship to storm intensity was investigated with a set of five numerical simulations using input data for the case of Hurricane Rita (2005). The horizontal grid spacing of the parent domain was systematically changed such that the horizontal grid spacing of the inner nest varied from 1 to 5 km by an increment of 1 km, this while keeping geographical dimensions of the domains identical. Within this small range of horizontal grid spacing, the morphology of the simulated storms and the evolution of the kinematic and microphysics field showed noteworthy differences. As grid spacing increased, the model produced a wider, more tilted eyewall, a larger radius of maximum winds, and higher-amplitude, low wavenumber eyewall asymmetries. The coarser-resolution simulations also produced larger v.
Risk comparison of some shrinkage M-estimators in linear models

The problem of robust estimation of a (linear) regression parameter (vector), in the presence of nuisance scale parameter, is considered when it is a priori suspected that the regression could be restricted to a linear subspace. Asymptotic properties of variants of Stein-rule M-estimators (including the positive-rule shrinkage M-estimators) are studied. Under an asymptotic distributional quadratic risk criterion, their relative dominance picture is explored, analytically as well as by simulation. An extensive sampling experiment is used to examine the small sample characteristics of the proposed estimators over a wide-range of data sampling designs and distributions. Our simulation experiments have provided strong evidence that corroborates with the asymptotic theory. Two examples are provided to illustrate the performance of the estimators in real-life situations.
Statistical hydromechanics of disperse systems. Part 2. Solution of the kinetic equation for suspended particles

To solve the kinetic equation for particles of a monodisperse two-phase mixture the method of successive approximations is developed; this resembles in its main features the well-known Chapman-Enskog method in the kinetic theory of gases. This method is applicable for a mixture whose state differs slightly from the equilibrium, i.e., when time and space derivatives of the dynamic variables describing the mean flow of both phases of the mixture are sufficiently small. Accordingly, the solution obtained is valid when the time and space scales of the mean flow exceed considerably those for random pseudo-turbulent motion of particles and a fluid. The conservation equations for determination of all the dynamic variables are formulated in approximations which have the same meaning as those of Euler and Navier & Stokes in hydromechanics of one-phase media.
Structural brain network lateralization across childhood and adolescence

Developmental lateralization of brain function is imperative for behavioral specialization, yet few studies have investigated differences between hemispheres in structural connectivity patterns, especially over the course of development. The present study compares the lateralization of structural connectivity patterns, or topology, across children, adolescents, and young adults. We applied a graph theory approach to quantify key topological metrics in each hemisphere including efficiency of information transfer between regions (global efficiency), clustering of connections between regions (clustering coefficient [CC]), presence of hub‐nodes (betweenness centrality [BC]), and connectivity between nodes of high and low complexity (hierarchical complexity [HC]) and investigated changes in these metrics during development. Further, we investigated BC and CC in seven functionally defined networks. Our cross‐sectional study consisted of 211 participants between the ages of 6 and 21 years with 93% being right‐handed and 51% female. Global efficiency, HC, and CC demonstrated a leftward lateralization, compared to a rightward lateralization of BC. The sensorimotor, default mode, salience, and language networks showed a leftward asymmetry of CC. BC was only lateralized in the salience (right lateralized) and dorsal attention (left lateralized) networks. Only a small number of metrics were associated with age, suggesting that topological organization may stay relatively constant throughout school‐age development, despite known underlying changes in white matter properties. Unlike many other imaging biomarkers of brain development, our study suggests topological lateralization is consistent across age, highlighting potential nonlinear mechanisms underlying developmental specialization.
S IV emission-line ratios in the sun

New atomic data are presented for transitions between the two 3s/sup 2/3p /sup 2/P/sup 0/ levels and three 3s3p/sup 4/P/sup e/ levels of S IV. Electric dipole transition probabilities have been calculated, using configuration interaction wavefunctions and the Breit-Pauli approximation, for five intercombination transitions and are found to differ by typically a factor of 2 from previous values. Electron impact collision strengths are presented for transitions between and among the /sup 2/P/sup 0/ and /sup 4/P/sup e/ levels, calculated using the R-matrix method.
MIS adoption and its effects on the technical efficiency of agribusiness firms in Cameroon

, the average technical efficiencies were 0.96 and 0.55 for MIS users and non-users, respectively, meaning that MIS users were far more technically efficient than MIS non-users. Also, the Tobit regression model on MIS users revealed that MIS improved the technical efficiency of agribusiness firms adopting them. This study therefore recommends that agribusiness firms in Cameroon invest in MIS; moreover, they should encourage its adoption by training their staff in how to use it optimally.
Flowering of Aldrovanda vesiculosa in outside culture in the Czech Republic and isozyme variability of its european populations

Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. (Droseraceae) is a rootless aquatic carnivorous plant which occurs on every continent in the Old World, but which is rapidly vanishing from Europe (Berta, 1961; Huber, 1961; Degreef, 1986; and Adamec, 1995a). The majority of recently studied sites are in Poland (Adamec, 1995a ). Aldrovanda grows in shallow, standing, dystrophic waters. Both its extreme rarity and difficult culti¬ vation have caused the species to be little studied. Recently, extensive ecophysiological research on Aldrovanda (Adamec, 1997, 1996c) has been accomplished in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, an experimental selection of suitable substitute growth sites has been performed (Adamec, 1996b). Both studies required many cul¬ tivated plants. However, cultivation of Aldrovanda has only been described on a rudimentary level (e.g., Hanabusa, 1974; Pietropaolo and Pietropaolo, 1986) and no data on water chemistry have been published. European temperate-zone populations of Aldrovanda flower very rarely in nat¬ ural sites (Berta, 1961; Degreef, 1986; Teryokhin, 1986) whereas subtropical popu¬ lations flower richly and bear seeds frequently (Pietropaolo and Pietropaolo, 1986; Nakano, 1992). In the Institute of Botany at Wroclaw University, Poland, herbari¬ um specimens with flowering Aldrovanda from the following European countries are deposited: south Poland (five sites in Silesia), north and northeast Italy, Romania (Danube delta), Serbia (Yugoslavia), and northeast Turkey. The plants have also flowered in north Russia near Lake Ladoga (Afanas’ev, 1953), in the northwest tip of Ukraine (Teryokhin, 1986), in east Slovakia (Berta, 1961; Studnicka, 1984), south Bavaria, Germany (Huber, 1961), southwest France, and in central Italy (Caspary, 1862, cit. Degreef, 1986). Aldrovanda was rarely observed to flower in nearly all European countries of its former distribution. However, fruits and seeds usually fail to develop in flowering plants in Europe (Caspary, 1862, cit. Degreef, 1986; Teryokhin, 1986). The European plants of this species have never flowered in cultivation (Studnicka, 1984). The origins of Eurasian temperate populations of A. vesiculosa and their rela¬ tionships to tropical African ones are still controversial (Berta, 1961). On the basis of palaeobotanical findings and turion formation, this species is considered to be a Tertiary relict in the European flora (Berta, 1961; Degreef, 1986). The European distribution of Aldrovanda was highly discontinuous, occurring in small isolated patches, scattered or grouped together. Aldrovanda is spread by migratory water birds and this may explain why its former European distribution overlapped with main migratory routes of water birds (Berta, 1961). In this paper, characteristics of the flowering plants of European Aldrovanda vesiculosa in outdoor culture in Trebon (latitude 49° N, Czech Republic) are pre¬ sented. Isozyme variability among four European populations is also compared.
Cell pattern of thermal convection induced by internal heating

A numerical simulation of thermal convection induced by internal heating in a three-dimensional thin flat box is performed. The upper boundary is held at a constant temperature and the lower boundary is thermally insulated with a uniform internal heating in a fluid layer. We observe hexagonal cells with downwelling at their center in moderate Rayleigh number (RaH≲30RaHc). As the Rayleigh number increases, the cell size increases. We also observe a pattern transition: sheet-like downwellings gradually develop around the columnar downwelling with increasing Rayleigh number. At ∼30RaHc, hexagonal cells with sheet downwelling at their center (spoke pattern) is observed. These sheets can be seen only near the upper boundary. At 30RaHc∼70RaHc, the cells experience successive transitions to the pattern which are dominated by sinking sheet.
Multiscale computational method for nonstationary integrated heat transfer problem in periodic porous materials

This article discusses multiscale analysis and numerical algorithm for the nonstationary integrated heat transfer problem with rapidly oscillating coefficients. The multiscale asymptotic expansion of the solution for this kind of problems is presented first. Then, error estimates of the multiscale approximate solution are derived, and a numerical algorithm based on the multiscale method for temperature field is introduced. Finally, using some numerical models, we verify the validity and relevancy of the proposed algorithm. The numerical results show that the algorithm is effective to predict the heat transfer performance of porous materials, and support the convergence theorem reported in this article. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 32: 510–530, 2016