Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Psychosocial Outcomes Associated With a Tele-behavioral Health Platform for Families: Retrospective Study

Background The burden of pediatric mental illness in the United States has steadily worsened over the past decade. A recent increase in employer-sponsored behavioral health programs has focused on the needs of the general population. However, these programs do not provide the specialty mental health care required for children, adolescents, and their families. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a technology-enabled pediatric and family behavioral health service on clinical outcomes among children and caregiver strain. The service is available to commercially insured populations and provides educational content; tele-behavioral health care, including coaching, therapy, and psychiatry; and care escalation and coordination. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of members using the service between February and September 2022 was conducted. Clinical outcomes for children and their caregivers were collected using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 8-item (PHQ-8), and Caregiver Strain Questionnaire-Short Form 7 (CGSQ-SF7). Rates of reliable improvement were determined by calculating the reliable change index for each outcome. Paired, 2-tailed t tests were used to evaluate significant changes in assessment scores at follow-up compared to baseline. Results Of the 4139 participants who enrolled with the service, 48 (1.2%) were referred out for more intensive care, 2393 (57.8%) were referred to coaching, and 1698 (41%) were referred to therapy and psychiatry. Among the 703 members who completed the intervention and provided pre- and postintervention outcomes data, 386 (54.9%) used psychoeducational content, 345 (49.1%) received coaching, and 358 (50.9%) received therapy and psychiatry. In coaching, 75% (183/244) of participants showed reliable improvement on the PSC-17 total score, 72.5% (177/244) on the PSC-17 internalizing score, and 31.5% (105/333) on the CGSQ-SF7 total score (average improvement: PSC-17 total score, 3.37 points; P<.001; PSC-17 internalizing score, 1.58 points; P<.001; and CGSQ-SF7 total score, 1.02 points; P<.001). In therapy and psychiatry, 68.8% (232/337) of participants showed reliable improvement on the PSC-17 total score, 70.6% (238/337) on the PSC-17 internalizing score, 65.2% (219/336) on the CGSQ-SF7 total score, 70.7% (82/116) on the GAD-7 score, and 67.5% (77/114) on the PHQ-8 score (average improvement: PSC-17 total score, 3.16 points; P<.001; PSC-17 internalizing score, 1.66 points; P<.001; CGSQ-SF7 total score, 1.06 points; P<.001; GAD-7 score, 3.00 points; P<.001; and PHQ-8 score, 2.91 points; P<.001). Conclusions Tele-behavioral health offerings can be effective in improving caregiver strain and psychosocial functioning and depression and anxiety symptoms in a pediatric population. Moreover, these digital mental health offerings may provide a scalable solution to children and their families who lack access to essential pediatric mental health services.
Assessment of health-related quality of life and its contributing factors using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire in patients with chronic liver disease

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a serious condition characterized by a progressive decline in liver functions, which leads to impaired quality of life (QOL). A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 165 patients to identify the health-related QOL in CLD, for 6 months. The QOL of CLD patients was assessed using the World Health Organization quality of life-BREF questionnaire and the severity of the disease was assessed using Child-Pugh Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. The incidence of CLD was found to be high in males (89.09%). While assessing, the overall QOL was identified as 50.96 ± 15.77. The highest score was observed in the social relationships domain (58.33 ± 19.34) followed by environment (54.74 ± 16.74), psychological (46.70 ± 19.81), and physical health (44.08 ± 18.64). The socio-demographic factors associated with QOL include body mass index, education, alcohol consumption, smoking, and tobacco. In the Child-Pugh MELD Score, the QOL was higher in class A (Good hepatic function) with a MELD score of 6–9 (1.9% mortality), the mean score being 60 ± 21 in contrast with the other classes. From the study, it is evident that CLD has a significant impact on the QOL. Patient-centric collaborative care, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other health care providers are essential to improve the QOL.
Enhancement of laser radiation coupled into turbid media by using a unidirectional mirror

This article analyzes a simple method for the enhancement of laser radiation coupled into deep layers of turbid samples. This is accomplished by using a multilayer dielectric bandpass filter that acts as a unidirectional mirror and reflects photons re-emerging from the sample back into it. The research establishes a theoretical framework, and a very basic feasibility study is performed. In this study, laser intensity, delivered through a 14 mm slab of tissue, and a 3.9 mm pharmaceutical tablet were enhanced by factors of 1.6 and 3.8, respectively. Potential applications include photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapies of subsurface tissue, deep optical spectroscopy and imaging of biological tissue and powders, as well as thermal and optical subsurface treatment of powder materials, colloids, and catalysts.
PERIODIC WAKES OF LOW ASPECT RATIO CYLINDERS WITH FREE HEMISPHERICAL ENDS

The wakes of circular cylinders with free hemispherical ends and of different aspect ratios (length-to-diameter ratios) are experimentally studied for moderate Reynolds numbers. This investigation is restricted to cylinders with low aspect ratios, namely less than 5, and includes the case of the sphere. The transition to nonstationarity of the flow in these cylinder wakes is the main focus of this work: the results show that the stability of wakes is strongly dependent on aspect ratio and is also affected by the free-end conditions. We characterize the frequency, amplitude and phase as well as the critical Reynolds number of the periodic vortex shedding regime.
Amazing physics: learning about work, energy and projectile motion in a historical context

Teaching physics through a historical context provides effective learning and increases students’ motivation for and interest in physics. For example, trebuchets and mangonels may be interesting historical contexts for learning about energy, work, and projectile motion. In this study, the implementation of physics lessons related to these subjects in historical contexts is described in detail, together with some results for students’ achievements. The results indicate that historical contexts have the potential to improve the teaching of some specific physics topics.
Isolation of major Venus thermospheric cooling mechanism and implications for earth and Mars

A study of Pioneer Venus orbiter atmospheric drag (OAD) data establishes that there is a weak but clear response of the atmosphere to short-term variations associated with the 27-day rotation of the Sun. Thermospheric temperature residuals relative to the mean diurnal variation have been found to be associated with variations in solar activity after correction for the Earth-Sun-Venus angle. All of the dayside OAD thermospheric data are found to exhibit this characteristic with peak-to-peak temperature variations of approximately 25 K. These results are compared with National Center for Atmospheric Research theoretical models of the Venus thermosphere that include processes not in local thermodynamic equilibrium. It is found that the low amplitude of the 27-day oscillations, combined with the cooling necessary for observed 300-K dayside temperatures, may not be explained by eddy conduction cooling and may only be explained by very strong 15-μm cooling. This presumably results from collisional excitation of the (ν2 = 1) CO2 bending mode by atomic oxygen with subsequent radiation at 15 μm. This mechanism is estimated to be 200–1000 times more effective than self-collisions of CO2 and is even more effective since increases in EUV lead to higher O/CO2 ratios. Isolation of this cooling mechanism, which cools the atmosphere from approximately 700 K to 300 K, was only possible through a study of 27-day variations, since the magnitude of 11-year atmospheric variations is very uncertain because of the absence of in situ data near solar minimum. Implications concerning the decrease in amplitude of the 11-year Venus thermospheric variability due to the 15-μm thermostat effect are also examined in this paper. The unexpectedly strong radiative cooling mechanism isolated here should also result in substantial cooling of the Earth's mesosphere and thermosphere as CO2 doubles in the next century with even stronger effects than predicted by Roble and Dickinson (1989). The Mars atmosphere should not be as strongly affected by this thermostatic mechanism as Venus' because of the lower O/CO2 ratios on Mars, and thus larger 11-year variations are expected.
A Nonparametric Frailty Model for Clustered Survival Data

Clayton-type counting process formulations for survival data and parametric gamma models for cluster-specific frailty quantities are now routinely applied in analyses of clustered survival data. On the other hand, although nonparametric frailty models have been studied, they are not used much in practice. In this article, the distribution of the frailty terms is assumed to be an unknown random variable. The unknown frailty distribution is then modelled completely with a Dirichlet process prior. This prior assigns cluster units into sub-classes whose members have the same random frailty effect. The Gibbs sampler algorithm is used for computing posterior parameter estimates of the fixed effect hazards regression and the frailty distribution. The methodology is used to analyze community-clustered child survival in sub-Saharan Africa. The results show that the communities could be separated into fewer distinct classes of risk of childhood mortality; the fewer classes could be studied easily in order to provide useful guidance on the more effective use of resources for child health intervention programmes.
The association between marital quality and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Marital relationship and its quality are among the major psychological factors affecting the multiple aspects of a person's health status. Chronic diseases are also among the factors that affect various aspects of the lives of millions of people including their marital quality status. One of the most important underlying chronic diseases is diabetes. Since the correlation between diabetes mellitus and marital quality has been neglected, this systematic review, as the first one, aims to investigate the association between marital quality and diabetes mellitus.
Choline Supplementation Alters Hippocampal Cytokine Levels in Adolescence and Adulthood in an Animal Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Alcohol (ethanol) exposure during pregnancy can adversely affect development, with long-lasting consequences that include neuroimmune, cognitive, and behavioral dysfunction. Alcohol-induced alterations in cytokine levels in the hippocampus may contribute to abnormal cognitive and behavioral outcomes in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Nutritional intervention with the essential nutrient choline can improve hippocampal-dependent behavioral impairments and may also influence neuroimmune function. Thus, we examined the effects of choline supplementation on hippocampal cytokine levels in adolescent and adult rats exposed to alcohol early in development. From postnatal day (PD) 4–9 (third trimester-equivalent), Sprague–Dawley rat pups received ethanol (5.25 g/kg/day) or sham intubations and were treated with choline chloride (100 mg/kg/day) or saline from PD 10–30; hippocampi were collected at PD 35 or PD 60. Age-specific ethanol-induced increases in interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogene (KC/GRO) were identified in adulthood, but not adolescence, whereas persistent ethanol-induced increases of interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were present at both ages. Interestingly, choline supplementation reduced age-related changes in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) as well as mitigating the long-lasting increase in IFN-γ in ethanol-exposed adults. Moreover, choline influenced inflammatory tone by modulating ratios of pro- to -anti-inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that ethanol-induced changes in hippocampal cytokine levels are more evident during adulthood than adolescence, and that choline can mitigate some effects of ethanol exposure on long-lasting inflammatory tone.
THE MEANING OF BASIC CATEGORY THEORETICAL NOTIONS IN SOME CATEGORIES OF PARTIAL ALGEBRAS. I

In [3] only the categories of all partial algebras of a given similarity type with all homomorphisms as morphisms are treated in more detail. However, there are in a natural way quite a lot of possible categories, of which the object class is just the class of all partial algebras of a given similarity type, while its morphisms are all quomorphisms with some suitable additional property (see Table 6 in [4]). And when using "ordinary" homomorphisms between partial algebras, one is often asked for the particular reason. For many occasions this paper may give an answer in particular, when one knows the model theoretic results of Chapters II and III in [3]. Namely the constructions used there and appropriate in those results are taken from the category of partial algebras with homomorphisms as morphisms and are not comparably natural in any other category discussed in the present note. In what follows we always assume, that the object class of a category under consideration is the class 9Ia(r) of all partial algebras of a given similarity type recall that a similarity type is an Q-indexed family
The Interleukin-11/IL-11 Receptor Promotes Glioblastoma Survival and Invasion under Glucose-Starved Conditions through Enhanced Glutaminolysis

Glioblastoma cells adapt to changes in glucose availability through metabolic plasticity allowing for cell survival and continued progression in low-glucose concentrations. However, the regulatory cytokine networks that govern the ability to survive in glucose-starved conditions are not fully defined. In the present study, we define a critical role for the IL-11/IL-11Rα signalling axis in glioblastoma survival, proliferation and invasion when cells are starved of glucose. We identified enhanced IL-11/IL-11Rα expression correlated with reduced overall survival in glioblastoma patients. Glioblastoma cell lines over-expressing IL-11Rα displayed greater survival, proliferation, migration and invasion in glucose-free conditions compared to their low-IL-11Rα-expressing counterparts, while knockdown of IL-11Rα reversed these pro-tumorigenic characteristics. In addition, these IL-11Rα-over-expressing cells displayed enhanced glutamine oxidation and glutamate production compared to their low-IL-11Rα-expressing counterparts, while knockdown of IL-11Rα or the pharmacological inhibition of several members of the glutaminolysis pathway resulted in reduced survival (enhanced apoptosis) and reduced migration and invasion. Furthermore, IL-11Rα expression in glioblastoma patient samples correlated with enhanced gene expression of the glutaminolysis pathway genes GLUD1, GSS and c-Myc. Overall, our study identified that the IL-11/IL-11Rα pathway promotes glioblastoma cell survival and enhances cell migration and invasion in environments of glucose starvation via glutaminolysis.
Do We Need to Breed for Regional Adaptation in Soybean?—Evaluation of Genotype-by-Location Interaction and Trait Stability of Soybean in Germany

Soybean is a crop in high demand, in particular as a crucial source of plant protein. As a short-day plant, soybean is sensitive to the latitude of the growing site. Consequently, varieties that are well adapted to higher latitudes are required to expand the cultivation. In this study, we employed 50 soybean genotypes to perform a multi-location trial at seven locations across Germany in 2021. Two environmental target regions were determined following the latitude of the locations. Adaptation and trait stability of seed yield and protein content across all locations were evaluated using Genotype plus Genotype-by-Environment (GGE) biplots and Shukla’s stability variance. We found a moderate level of crossing-over type genotype-by-location interaction across all locations. Within the environmental target regions, the genotype-by-location interaction could be minimised. Despite the positive correlation (R = 0.59) of seed yield between the environmental target regions and the same best-performing genotype, the genotype rankings differed in part substantially. In conclusion, we found that soybean can be grown at a wide range of latitudes across Germany. However, the performance of genotypes differed between the northern and southern locations, with an 18.8% higher mean yield in the south. This in combination with the observed rank changes of high-performing genotypes between both environmental target regions suggests that selection targeted towards environments in northern Germany could improve soybean breeding for those higher latitude regions.
The venusian Y-shaped cloud pattern based on an aerosol-transport model

Abstract Venusian Y-shaped clouds have been observed by ultraviolet (UV) detectors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the Y-shaped cloud pattern is maintained by the dynamical combination of an equatorial 4-day wave and a Rossby wave. In the model of the Y-shaped cloud, however, material transport was not considered. Present numerical simulations, including not only dynamical transport, but also the essential microphysics of aerosols, are conducted together with the chemical reactions of the aerosol precursor gas, SO2. Results indicate that aerosols are accumulated in the polar regions due to poleward transport. As a result, the scattering coefficient becomes higher with increasing latitude. At the low-latitude cloud-top heights, the dark (bright) region is formed by the small (large) aerosol concentration associated with planetary-scale waves since the zonal-mean aerosol concentration is relatively small. On the other hand, the longitudinal contrast of the scattering coefficient becomes very small .
Comparison between the sum of second‐order velocity structure functions and the second‐order temperature structure function

The previously established similarity between the temperature spectrum and the spectrum corresponding to the mean turbulent energy in a wide variety of turbulent (shear) flows is re‐examined within the framework of second‐order velocity and temperature structure functions. Measurements in a turbulent wake indicate that Dq, the sum of the three second‐order velocity structure functions bears close similarity to Dθ, the second‐order temperature structure function, when Dq and Dθ are normalized by the mean turbulent energy and temperature variance, respectively. This similarity also applies to other flows. In the limit of small separations, the Kolmogorov‐normalized structure functions differ only by the value of the molecular Prandtl number. In the inertial range, the Obukhov–Corrsin constant differs from the Dq Kolmogorov constant by a factor equal to the dissipation time scale ratio. This ratio is typically about 0.5.
CVML-Pose: Convolutional VAE Based Multi-Level Network for Object 3D Pose Estimation

Most vision-based 3D pose estimation approaches typically rely on knowledge of object’s 3D model, depth measurements, and often require time-consuming iterative refinement to improve accuracy. However, these can be seen as limiting factors for broader real-life applications. The main motivation for this paper is to address these limitations. To solve this, a novel Convolutional Variational Auto-Encoder based Multi-Level Network for object 3D pose estimation (CVML-Pose) method is proposed. Unlike most other methods, the proposed CVML-Pose implicitly learns an object’s 3D pose from only RGB images encoded in its latent space without knowing the object’s 3D model, depth information, or performing a post-refinement. CVML-Pose consists of two main modules: (i) CVML-AE representing convolutional variational autoencoder, whose role is to extract features from RGB images, (ii) Multi-Layer Perceptron and K-Nearest Neighbor regressors mapping the latent variables to object 3D pose including, respectively, rotation and translation. The proposed CVML-Pose has been evaluated on the LineMod and LineMod-Occlusion benchmark datasets. It has been shown to outperform other methods based on latent representations and achieves comparable results to the state-of-the-art, but without use of a 3D model or depth measurements. Utilizing the t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding algorithm, the CVML-Pose latent space is shown to successfully represent objects’ category and topology. This opens up a prospect of integrated estimation of pose and other attributes (possibly also including surface finish or shape variations), which, with real-time processing due to the absence of iterative refinement, can facilitate various robotic applications. Code available: https://github.com/JZhao12/CVML-Pose.
The Relationship between Numbness and Quality of Life

Background: Numbness is a term commonly used in clinical practice to describe an abnormal sensory experience that is produced by a stimulus or is present even without a stimulus. However, there is still much that remains obscure in this field, and also, few reports have focused on its symptoms. In addition, while pain itself is known to have a significant impact on quality of life (QOL), the relationship between numbness and QOL is often unclear. Therefore, we conducted an epidemiological survey and analyzed the relationship between painless numbness and QOL, using type, location, and age as influencing factors, respectively. Methods: A nationwide epidemiological survey was conducted by mail using a survey panel designed by the Nippon Research Center. Questionnaires were sent to 10,000 randomly selected people aged 18 and over from all over Japan. Out of the 5682 people who responded, the relationship between numbness and QOL was analyzed using the EuroQol 5 Dimension-3L (EQ5D-3L) for patients who are currently experiencing painless numbness. Findings: The results suggest that painless numbness affects QOL and that QOL decreases as its intensity increases. Furthermore, the two factors of numbness of feet and numbness among the young may be less likely to affect QOL. This study may be of great significance in the field of numbness research.