Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of addressing time and its dispersion in AC plasma display panel

In order to improve the addressing time and its dispersion, we have applied different addressing voltage at each cell such as progressively increasing pulse voltage instead of constant one which is used in conventional driving method. The experimental results show that the addressing time and its dispersion for a given cell driven by new method maintained almost constant value regardless of scanning sequence. Moreover, the addressing time can be reduced about 30% compared with conventional driving method without cross-talk and mis-firing.
UBR7 acts as a histone chaperone for post‐nucleosomal histone H3

Histone chaperones modulate the stability of histones beginning from histone synthesis, through incorporation into DNA, and during recycling during transcription and replication. Following histone removal from DNA, chaperones regulate histone storage and degradation. Here, we demonstrate that UBR7 is a histone H3.1 chaperone that modulates the supply of pre‐existing post‐nucleosomal histone complexes. We demonstrate that UBR7 binds to post‐nucleosomal H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 histones via its UBR box and PHD. UBR7 binds to the non‐nucleosomal histone chaperone NASP. In the absence of UBR7, the pool of NASP‐bound post‐nucleosomal histones accumulate and chromatin is depleted of H3K4me3‐modified histones. We propose that the interaction of UBR7 with NASP and histones opposes the histone storage functions of NASP and that UBR7 promotes reincorporation of post‐nucleosomal H3 complexes.
Extracellular Vesicles from Fusarium graminearum Contain Protein Effectors Expressed during Infection of Corn

Fusarium graminearum (Fgr) is a devastating filamentous fungal pathogen that causes diseases in cereals, while producing mycotoxins that are toxic for humans and animals, and render grains unusable. Low efficiency in managing Fgr poses a constant need for identifying novel control mechanisms. Evidence that fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) from pathogenic yeast have a role in human disease led us to question whether this is also true for fungal plant pathogens. We separated EVs from Fgr and performed a proteomic analysis to determine if EVs carry proteins with potential roles in pathogenesis. We revealed that protein effectors, which are crucial for fungal virulence, were detected in EV preparations and some of them did not contain predicted secretion signals. Furthermore, a transcriptomic analysis of corn (Zea mays) plants infected by Fgr revealed that the genes of some of the effectors were highly expressed in vivo, suggesting that the Fgr EVs are a mechanism for the unconventional secretion of effectors and virulence factors. Our results expand the knowledge on fungal EVs in plant pathogenesis and cross-kingdom communication, and may contribute to the discovery of new antifungals.
Do Characteristics of RDD Survey Respondents Differ According to Difficulty of Obtaining Response

Unit nonresponse in any survey may introduce substantial bias or error into survey estimates when (i) the number of nonrespondents is large relative to the sample size or (ii) the characteristics of nonrespondents differ greatly from those of respondents. Investigators of many well-established surveys expend considerable effort and money to recruit difficult-to-reach respondents. This additional effort and expense are only worthwhile if they result in a sample that is representative of the target population. In this study, logistic regression models are developed to compare characteristics of willing, accessible respondents with those of their less accessible or less willing counterparts to determine whether or not the two groups differ with respect to demographic characteristics. Data collected from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics' Omnibus Household Survey (OHS), a transportation customer satisfaction survey using a random digit dialing method, will be analyzed. In addition, because the sample size of the annual OHS is very small, only slightly more than 1,000 individuals, multiple years of data will be used to augment sample size for this study.
Avaliação dos índices de conforto térmico, parâmetros fisiológicos e gradiente térmico de ovinos nativos

The objective of this research was to determine the thermal comfort indexes for sheep raising installations, analyze the physiological parameters and the thermal gradient of four sheep genetic groups in the semi-arid region of the state of Paraiba, Brazil. Forty animals were used, being ten individuals per genetic group; the groups were: 'Cariri', 'Morada Nova', 'Barriga Negra' and 'Cara Curta'. All of them females and randomly housed in four adequate installations. The environmental indexes inside the lodging, mainly from 11 a.m. to 13 p.m. , remained above the thermal comfort zone for adult sheep, except for the relative humidity, that had a daily average of 67.5%. The rectal temperature of the animals was kept within the normal range, except for the genetic group 'Morada Nova' that presented the lowest values (38.6 oC). The respiration frequency for each of the genetic group was above the normal value; with the 'Morada Nova' once again presenting the lowest values (43.5 mov min-1); the 'Cariri' and 'Barriga Negra' showed the highest frequency (48.0 and 47.3 mov min 1, respectively). Animals with darker hair color and larger size, such as those belonging to the genetic group 'Cariri', presented a higher thermal gradient between air and body surface temperatures. Animals showed high tolerance to heat, in other words, they are well adapted to the tropical environment, except for the genetic group 'Cariri' that was the least adapted. The genetic group 'Morada Nova' was considered the best adapted group for the experimental conditions.
Labor Market Entry Conditions, Wages and Job Mobility

Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ABSTRACT Labor Market Entry Conditions, Wages and Job Mobility * Economic conditions at the time of labour market entry can induce wage differentials between workers entering the labour market at different points in time. While the existence and persistence of these entry wage differentials are well documented, little is known about their interaction with employees' mobility behaviour. This paper contributes to this research area by analyzing the interaction between job mobility and entry wage differentials using German administrative data. The results suggest that labour market entrants earning less than the average starting wage are more likely to change jobs, directly from employer to employer as well as indirectly via an unemployment spell. In addition they are more likely to change occupation. Moreover, job mobility tends to reduce the effects of labour market entry conditions, implying that job mobility operates as an adjustment mechanism that mitigates entry wage differentials. These results hold not only for high-skilled, but also for medium-skilled and unskilled workers. which she thanks for their hospitality. Financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) through SPP 1169 " Flexibility in Heterogeneous Labor Markets " and from the Leibniz Association is gratefully acknowledged.
Whole-Body Vibration in Automated Residential Solid Waste Collection

Drivers of residential solid waste collection trucks are exposed to a wide variety of physical and health hazards. Automated robotic arm collection methods are intended to eliminate physical and ergonomic hazards associated with manual waste collection. However, whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure is a hazard that may be significant and greater than being found in semi-automated or manual methods. WBV is measured in a pilot field study of automated waste collection trucks during normal operation for nearly eight-hour periods on two consecutive days. All four trials are run under similar route conditions. Vibrations are measured at the seat-driver interface using a tri-axial accelerometer seat pad and portable vibration monitors. Measured WBV levels are compared with prior published data from waste collection trucks and health standards. The average WBV exposure value, corresponding to 0.99 m.s-2 for frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration, is above the ISO 2631-1 action value of 0.50 m.s-2 and below a limit value of 1.15 m.s-2 as given in the European Parliament Directive 2002/44/EC. This exposure level suggests the presence of potential health risks.
β-arrestin-2 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis injury by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF- κB pathway in macrophages

ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disorder that inflicts damage to the joints of the hands and wrist. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of β-Arrestin-2 (βArr2) on RA in vivo and in vitro. The βArr2 adenovirus (βArr2-Ad) or the control (Con-Ad) was injected into the ankle joint cavity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. According to the results, an improvement was shown in the symptoms and pathological injury of RA after an upregulation of βArr2. Correspondingly, the inflammatory response was attenuated, as evidenced by the decreased serum pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and NF-κB pathway-related proteins. Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation was inhibited in CIA mice treated with βArr2-Ad injection, as reflected by the diminished IL-18 level and declined protein levels of inflammasome components in the ankle joint. Likewise, the anti-inflammatory effect of macrophages was also validated by in vitro experiments. In summary, βArr2 effectively ameliorates ankle inflammation in CIA mice via NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome, providing theoretical and clinical basis for RA therapy.
INITIATION OF ICG JAMS-A LABORATORY STUDY

Ice jam initiation by a simple partial surface obstruction in a channel was studied experimentally in a channel was studied experimentally in laboratory flumes using polyethylene, paraffin, as well as real ice parallelepipeds, as model ice floes. The important dependent parameter under study was the critical surface concentration of floes at the gap in the surface obstruction at which floes would form a stable arch across the gap and an ice jam would be initiated. This critical floe concentration C sub g* was found to be independent of the ration of gap width to flume width and to be a descreasing power function of the ratio of floe size to gap width. In addition C sub g* was found to be independent of the approach flow Froude number for flow velocity less than the critical submergence velocity of an ice floe, for artificial model floes, but to increase with increasing Froude number when real ice floes were used. This difference and other quantitatively different results depending on whether natural ice blocks or plastic blocks were used as model ice floes were tentatively attributed to differences in floe material characteristics mainly interparticle friction force and surface tension property, the latter affecting significantly the critical submergence velocity of thin plastic blocks as compared to that of natural ice floes of the same size and density. /Author/
Teachers’ intention to continue the use of online teaching tools post Covid-19

Abstract Covid-19 has forced educators to switch to online teaching as the only viable option, whether through video lecturing or using other online teaching tools. Therefore, the study investigates university teachers’ perceptions towards their continuing intention of using the online platforms after Covid19 situations. To answer such questions, the present study conducted a survey of 242 faculties engaged in higher education teaching at assistant. We have conducted the present study using a sample of 242 faculties. Based on the framework of technology adoption model (TAM), this study investigates the research questions in the context of India. The study has adopted a mixed-method research design comprising both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data were analyzed using partial least square structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of hypotheses testing indicate that all the hypotheses based on were accepted in the complete sample and for the men’s sample were accepted at p < 0.05 level. However, for the sample of women respondents, this was not the case. The study resulted that ease of use positively influences teachers’ attitude towards online teaching. This study provides theoretical contributions by applying the TAM to measure post-Covid-19 online teaching intention of teachers working at universities and college levels in India. It could help policyholders in the education sector to design appropriate strategies for online learning and teaching process. Though Covid-19 has adversely hit most of the industries, some industries might have benefited from this as well. Particularly, industries are thriving in the online market place.
Autonomous Formation Flying in Low Earth Orbit

Formation flying is commonly identified as the collective usage of two or more cooperative spacecraft to exercise the function of a single monolithic virtual instrument. The distribution of tasks and payloads among fleets of coordinated smaller satellites offers the possibility to overcome the classical limitations of traditional single-satellite systems. The science return is enhanced through observations made with larger, configurable baselines and an improved degree of redundancy can be achieved in the event of failures. Different classes of formation flying missions are currently under discussion within the engineering and science community: technology demonstration missions, synthetic aperture interferometers and gravimeters for Earth observation, multi-spacecraft interferometers in the infrared and visible wavelength regions as a key to new astrophysics discoveries and to the direct search for terrestrial exoplanets. These missions are characterized by different levels of complexity, mainly dictated by the payload metrology and actuation needs, and require a high level of on-board autonomy to satisfy the continuously increasing demand of relative navigation and control accuracy. This dissertation presents the first realistic demonstration of a complete guidance, navigation and control (GNC) system for formation flying spacecraft in low Earth orbit. Numerous technical contributions have been made during the course of this research in the areas of formation flying guidance, GPS-based relative navigation, and impulsive relative orbit control, but the primary contribution of this thesis does not lie in one or more of these disciplines. The innovation and originality of this work stems from the design and implementation of a comprehensive formation flying system through the successful integration of various techniques. This research has led to the full development, testing and validation of the GNC flight code to be embedded in the on-board computer of the active spacecraft of the PRISMA technology demonstration. Furthermore key guidance and control algorithms presented here are going to be demonstrated for the first time in the TanDEM-X formation flying mission. Overall this thesis focuses on realistic application cases closely related to upcoming missions. The intention is to realize a practical and reliable way to formation flying: a technology that is discussed and studied since decades but is still confined in research laboratories. Hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulations including a representative flight computer and the GPS hardware architecture show that simple techniques, which exploit the natural orbit motion to full extent, can meet the demanding requirements of long-term close formation-flying.
On the improvement of the performance of the optically controlled microwave switch

In this paper, a new design for the gap used as an optically controlled microwave switch is proposed. This new design is based on the use of a rib structure in the gap region. The proposed structure is studied using the finite-difference method (PDM). Obtained results show that for small gaplengths, the structure figure of merit, defined as the product of the ON/OFF ratio and the bandwidth, can be improved by about 38 dB*GHz.
Process Modeling of Storm-Water Flow in a Bioretention Cell

A two-dimensional variable saturated flow model was developed to simulate subsurface flow in bioretention facilities employing the Richards’ equation. Variable hydrologic performances of bioretention are evaluated using the underdrain outflow hydrographs, outflow volumes for 10 storms with various duration and depth, and flow duration curves for 25 different storms. The effects of some important design parameters and elements are tested, including media type, surrounding soils, initial water content, ratio of drainage area to bioretention surface area, and ratio of cell length to width. Model results indicate that the outflow volume via underdrain is less than the inflow; the flow peak is significantly reduced and delayed. Underdrain outflow volume from loamy sand media (with larger Ks) is larger than that from sandy clay loam media. The saturated hydraulic conductivity, storage capacity, and exfiltration into surrounding soils contribute to the hydrologic performance of a bioretention cell. Initial media.
Pb contaminated soil influence on aboveground biomass and bioactive compounds in leaves of mulberry

Abstract This study investigated the effects of soil lead (Pb), biochar, and partial root zone drought (PRD) on mulberry (Morus alba L.) branches and leaves biomass, Pb accumulation, and bioactive compounds including 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and flavonoids. Three-factor pot experiments were conducted with biochar, PRD, and soil Pb at four concentration levels (0, 50, 200, and 800 mg kg−1). Results revealed that mulberry aboveground biomass did not decrease significantly across the soil Pb levels. Pb concentration of mulberry leaves do not increase significantly when soil Pb was 200 mg kg−1; however, it significantly accumulated under 800 mg kg−1. There was a dose-effect between the Pb concentration in branches and the soil Pb levels. Mulberry leaf flavonoids were affected by the interaction of soil Pb and biochar. The interaction between two of the three factors significantly affected leaves DNJ concentration. The combination of biochar and PRD maintained the biomass of mulberry and did not significantly increase Pb in leaves under 200 mg kg−1 soil Pb concentration. In summary, mulberry has a higher resistance to soil Pb stress, and it can be planted in moderate Pb-contaminated soils for no loss of biomass and can safely harvest the branches and leaves. Novelty statement An economic benefit is a key to the practical application and sustainability of phytoremediation. Based on this, we studied the effects of soil Pb on biomass, Pb accumulation, and bioactive substance concentration of harvesting organs in mulberry. Phytoremediation is not isolated, and techniques, such as soil amendments and water management also play a role. In this study, we found that biochar and partial root-zone irrigation had a synergistic effect on the response of mulberry to soil Pb, which could be co-applied in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soil. The concentration of heavy metals is the key to ensuring product safety in heavy metal contaminated soil. We found that Pb concentration in leaf and stem of mulberry did not significantly increase under 200 mg kg−1 soil Pb, while increased at 800 mg kg−1 soil Pb. Therefore, planting mulberry on 200 mg kg−1 Pb contaminated soil can safely harvest branches and leaves.
Why U.S. Immigration Barriers Matter for the Global Advancement of Science

IZA DP No. 14016 JANUARY 2021 Why U.S. Immigration Barriers Matter for the Global Advancement of Science* This paper studies the impact of U.S. immigration barriers on global knowledge production. We present four key findings. First, among Nobel Prize winners and Fields Medalists, migrants to the U.S. play a central role in the global knowledge network— representing 20-33% of the frontier knowledge producers. Second, using novel survey data and handcurated life-histories of International Math Olympiad (IMO) medalists, we show that migrants to the U.S. are up to six times more productive than migrants to other countries— even after accounting for talent during one’s teenage years. Third, financing costs are a key factor preventing foreign talent from migrating abroad to pursue their dream careers, particularly talent from developing countries. Fourth, certain ‘push’ incentives that reduce immigration barriers – by addressing financing constraints for top foreign talent – could increase the global scientific output of future cohorts by 42% percent. We conclude by discussing policy options for the U.S. and the global scientific community. JEL Classification: O33, O38, F22, J61
Circular Economy as a Catalyst for Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals: A Positive Relationship between Two Self-Sufficient Variables

Governments, civil society organisations and companies have expressed an interest in contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, but incorporating these goals into their strategies and activities is not an easy task. This study aims to provide information on the role of circular economy as a tool to boost progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals to assist these different stakeholders in their quest to attain the goals. Using heuristic methodology, a review of the existing literature was conducted to explore the relationship between the two terms. Specific attention was paid to the development goals with the highest interdependence with circular economy: Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water), 8 (Decent work), 12 (Responsible consumption and production) and 15 (Life on land). Having identified the reciprocal relationships between the two variables, the results of the literature review were then analysed to explore their possible self-sufficiency. The findings of the study are intended to assist stakeholders in incorporating the SDGs into their corporate sustainability strategies.