Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rates and Patterns of Recurrences, and Survival Outcomes after Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy: Results from the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES There have been concerns about higher incidence of local and retroperitoneal recurrences after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) compared to open radical cystectomy. We sought to report and detail relapses following RARC utilizing a multinational database. METHODS A retrospective review of the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium was performed. Data were reviewed for demographics, perioperative, pathologic and oncologic outcomes. Relapse rates and patterns were analyzed. Kaplan Meier curves were used to depict relapse-free (RFS), local recurrence-free (LRFS), distant metastases-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS). Kaplan Meier curves were further stratified by disease stage, lymph node status, and margins. Multivariate stepwise Cox regression models were used to identify variables associated with RFS, LRFS, DMFS and OS. RESULTS Of 2107 patients, 521 (25%) relapsed. Mean age was 68 ± 10 years, with a median follow up of 26 (IQR 11-55) months for the study cohort. Local recurrences were observed in 11% and distant metastases in 18%. Early oncologic failure (within 3 months) occurred in 4%. The most common sites of local recurrence and distant metastases were the pelvis (5%) and lungs (6%) respectively. Abdominal wall/port-site metastases occurred in 1.2% and peritoneal carcinomatosis in 1.2%. The 5-year RFS, LRFS, DMFS, and OS were 66%, 84%, 74%, and 60% respectively. Patient with higher disease stage, pN+ve, and positive soft tissue surgical margins demonstrated worse RFS, LRFS, DMFS, and OS (log rank p<0.01 for all comparisons). Multivariate regression models identified that node positive status and disease stage (≥pT3) were significantly associated with RFS, LRFS, DMFS, and OS (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Disease stage remains the main variable associated with disease relapse and survival following RC. RARC was not associated with different patterns or higher relapse rates in comparison to historic open radical cystectomy data.
Single-step extraction for simultaneous quantification of desvenlafaxine and alprazolam in human spiked plasma by RP-HPLC

Desvenlafaxine (DES) and Alprazolam (ALP) are the drugs commonly prescribed together for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorders (MDD). A literature survey revealed, there is no method for the simultaneous determination of these two drugs. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate a simple, accurate, precise, robust, and isocratic RP–HPLC method for simultaneous determination of DES and ALP in human spiked plasma using UV-detector in short analysis time. The method utilized Hypersil BDS C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) through an isocratic mode of elution using HPLC grade acetonitrile and 0.02M KH2PO4 buffer (65:35) and 0.1% Tri Fluoro Acetic acid (TFA) with pH 4.00 adjusted with 1M KOH. The flow rate was 1.00 mLmin-1 and elution of the drugs was monitored at 230nm. The elution time of DES and ALP was 4.011 and 5.182 minutes respectively. The method was linear for the concentration range 10–150 μgmL-1 for DES and 5.0–75.0 μgmL-1 for ALP. According to the validation results, the method is sensitive with Limit of Detection (LOD) 4.740 μgmL-1 and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of 14.365 μgmL-1 for DES and LOD 1.891 μgmL-1 & LOQ 5.730 μgmL-1 for ALP. The reproducibility of results with minute deliberate variations in method parameters has proven that the method is robust. The data from stability studies show a non-significant change in drugs solutions for 2 months. The optimized method was validated as per International Conference for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2(R1) guidelines. This method can be used for the estimation of DES and ALP in plasma and can evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters of both drugs simultaneously.
E-cigarette Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2020

The use of any tobacco product by youths is unsafe, including electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) (1). Most e-cigarettes contain nicotine, which is highly addictive, can harm the developing adolescent brain, and can increase risk for future addiction to other drugs (1). E-cigarette use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011 (1,2). Multiple factors have contributed to this increase, including youth-appealing flavors and product innovations (1-3). Amid the widespread use of e-cigarettes and popularity of certain products among youths, on February 6, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) implemented a policy prioritizing enforcement against the manufacture, distribution, and sale of certain unauthorized flavored prefilled pod or cartridge-based e-cigarettes (excluding tobacco or menthol).
Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (PIP-HFrEF).

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic debilitating and potentially life-threatening condition. Heart Failure patients are usually at high risk of polypharmacy and consequently, potentially inappropriate prescribing leading to poor clinical outcomes. Based on the published literature, a comprehensive HF-specific prescribing review tool is compiled to avoid medications that may cause HF or harm HF patients and to optimize the prescribing practice of HF guideline-directed medical therapies. Recommendations are made in line with the last versions of ESC guidelines, ESC position papers, scientific evidence, and experts' opinions.
Protein Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease at Different Stages of Neurodegeneration

Mainly obtained from familial Alzheimer’s disease patients’ data, we know that some features of the neurodegenerative start several years before the appearance of clinical symptoms. In this brief review, we comment on some molecular and cellular markers appearing at different stages of the disease, before or once the clinical symptoms are evident. These markers are present in biological fluids or could be identified by image techniques. The combined use of molecular and cellular markers will be of interest to determine the development of the different phases of the disease.
Evaluation of Food-Intake Behavior in a Healthy Population: Personalized vs. One-Size-Fits-All

In public health initiatives, generic nutrition advice (GNA) from national guidelines has a limited effect on food-intake improvement. Personalized nutrition advice (PNA) may enable dietary behavior change. A monocentric, randomized, parallel, controlled clinical trial was performed in males (n = 55) and females (n = 100) aged 25 to 70 years. Participants were allocated to control, GNA or PNA groups. The PNA group consisted of automatically generated dietary advice based on personal metabolic health parameters, dietary intake, anthropometric and hemodynamic measures, gender and age. Participants who received PNA (n = 51) improved their nutritional intake status for fruits P (p < 0.0001), whole grains (p = 0.008), unsalted nuts (p < 0.0001), fish (p = 0.0003), sugar-sweetened beverages (p = 0.005), added salt (p = 0.003) and less unhealthy choices (p = 0.002), whereas no improvements were observed in the control and GNA group. PNA participants were encouraged to set a goal for one or multiple food categories. Goal-setting led to greater improvement of food categories within the PNA group including; unsalted nuts (p < 0.0001), fruits (p = 0.0001), whole grains (p = 0.005), fish (p = 0.0001), dairy (p = 0.007), vegetables (p = 0.01) and unhealthy choices (p = 0.02). In a healthy population, participants receiving PNA changed their food-intake behavior more favorably than participants receiving GNA or no advice. When personal goals were set, nutritional behavior was more prone to change.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism by finerenone is sufficient to improve function in preclinical muscular dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X‐linked inherited disease due to dystrophin deficiency causing skeletal and cardiac muscle dysfunction. Affected patients lose ambulation by age 12 and usually die in the second to third decades of life from cardiac and respiratory failure. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of anti‐inflammatory corticosteroids, which are associated with side effects including weight gain, osteoporosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Novel treatment options include blockade of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, because angiotensin as well as aldosterone contribute to persistent inflammation and fibrosis, and aldosterone blockade represents an efficacious anti‐fibrotic approach in cardiac failure. Recent preclinical findings enabled successful clinical testing of a combination of steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in DMD boys. The efficacy of MRAs alone on dystrophic skeletal muscle and heart has not been investigated. Here, we tested efficacy of the novel non‐steroidal MRA finerenone as a monotherapy in a preclinical DMD model.
Deubiquitinase USP20 promotes breast cancer metastasis by stabilizing SNAI2

In this study, Li et al. conducted comprehensive gain- and loss-of-function screens using a human DUB cDNA library of 65 genes and an siRNA library of 98 genes, and identified USP20 as a deubiquitinase (DUB) that regulates a metastasis-promoting transcription factor, SNAI2, ubiquitination, and stability.
Proteomic Characterization of Host-Pathogen Interactions during Bovine Trophoblast Cell Line Infection by Neospora caninum

Despite the importance of bovine neosporosis, relevant knowledge gaps remain concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of Neospora caninum. Infection of the placenta is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of the disease; however, very little is known about the relation of the parasite with this target organ. Recent studies have shown that isolates with important variations in virulence also show different interactions with the bovine trophoblast cell line F3 in terms of proliferative capacity and transcriptome host cell modulation. Herein, we used the same model of infection to study the interaction of Neospora with these target cells at the proteomic level using LC-MS/MS over the course of the parasite lytic cycle. We also analysed the proteome differences between high- (Nc-Spain7) and low-virulence (Nc-Spain1H) isolates. The results showed that mitochondrial processes and metabolism were the main points of Neospora-host interactions. Interestingly, Nc-Spain1H infection showed a higher level of influence on the host cell proteome than Nc-Spain7 infection.
Influence of Sleep Dysfunction on Concussion Assessment Outcomes Among Adolescent Athletes After Concussion and Healthy Controls

Background: Sleep dysfunction (SD) is associated with a high symptom burden and lower neurocognitive performance after concussion and on baseline testing without injury. However, few studies have compared concussed athletes and controls with and without SD on clinical outcomes. Objective: To evaluate differences in clinical outcomes among both concussed athletes and matched controls with and without SD. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Participants: Participants aged 12 to 20 years were recruited from a concussion clinic (n = 50 patients) and research registry/flyers (n = 50 healthy age-/sex-matched controls). Participants were categorized by self-reported SD into one of 4 groups: sport-related concussion (SRC) + SD, SRC only, SD only, and controls. Main Outcome Measures: Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), Vestibular/Oculomotor Screening (VOMS), and neurocognitive testing (Immediate Postconcussion Assessment Cognitive Test). Results: Compared with the SRC only group, the SRC + SD group performed worse on all neurocognitive domains, had a higher total symptom score, and endorsed more symptoms on most VOMS items. In addition, the SRC + SD group was at an increased likelihood of having at least 1 abnormal VOMS item compared with SRC only group. The SRC only group had neurocognitive test scores and symptom reports statistically similar to the SD only group. Conclusion: Sleep dysfunction after concussion is related to worse neurocognitive performance and higher concussion symptom reporting. This study extended findings to suggest vestibular symptomology is worse among athletes with SD after injury compared to injured athletes without SD. Similar performances on concussion assessments for the SRC only and SD only groups suggest SD may appear similar to clinical presentation of concussion, even at baseline in the absence of SRC.
Transimpedance Matrix (TIM) Measurement for the Detection of Intraoperative Electrode Tip Foldover Using the Slim Modiolar Electrode: A Proof of Concept Study

Objectives: The aim of this study is to report on our preliminary experience with Transimpedance Matrix (TIM)-measurement for the detection of cochlear implant electrode tip foldovers compared with intraoperative imaging in patients implanted with the slim modiolar electrode (SME). Study Design: Proof of concept study. Setting: Tertiary university referral center. Patients: Twenty five ears (in 22 patients) implanted consecutively with the SME. Intervention(s): Following cochlear implantation, intraoperative TIM-measurement and fluoroscopy were performed. One week postoperatively, the electrode position was evaluated using Computed Tomography (CT)-imaging. Main Outcome Measures: Electrode array tip foldover. Results: Electrode array tip foldover occurred in three of the 25 cochlear implantations performed (12%). In each case, the foldover was detected by both TIM and fluoroscopy, leading to reposition and correct intracochlear placement of the array. Conclusions: TIM-measurement is a promising method for the intraoperative detection of an electrode array tip foldover. The TIM-tool with intuitive heatmap display is easy to use, fast, and readily available to clinics using TIM-software in the operating theatre.
Associations between dietary patterns and physical fitness among Chinese elderly

Abstract Objective: To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and physical fitness among older Chinese (≥60 years) individuals. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Dietary data were collected by a simplified semi-quantitative FFQ. The 30-s Chair Stand test (30sCST), 30-s Arm Curl test (30sACT), 8-foot Time Up-and-Go test (8fTUAGT) and 6-min Walking test (6mWT) were used to assess physical fitness. Dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis. The association between dietary patterns and physical fitness was explored by multiple logistic regression. Setting: Six communities (villages) of three districts in Liaocheng City (Shandong Province, China). Participants: A total of 596 residents were recruited from April to May 2017. Results: Among 556 residents who were finally enrolled, 196 were men (35 %) and 360 were women (65 %). Three dietary patterns were identified: ‘Western’, ‘Vegetarian’ and ‘Modern’. The 30sACT revealed that men in the fourth quartile of the Western pattern were less likely to be classified in the ‘high-level’ group, but men in the fourth quartile of the Vegetarian pattern were classified in the high-level group. The 6mWT revealed that men in the fourth quartile of the Modern pattern were classified in the high-level group. These associations were independent of confounding factors. Conclusions: Adherence to the Vegetarian pattern and Modern pattern may be protective factors for maintaining good physical fitness in older Chinese individuals. The Western pattern may lead to poor physical fitness in this population.
The Role of Melatonin, IL-8 and IL-10 in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

Abstract Introduction Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a pregnancy-specific liver disease that usually emerges during the third trimester of pregnancy. It is characterized by itching and elevated serum total bile acid levels, and it may lead to severe fetal complications. This study aimed to investigate the role of interleukin-8, a pro-inflammatory cytokine; interleukin-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine; and melatonin in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Materials and Methods This prospective, case-controlled study was conducted with 51 women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (40 mild and 11 severe cases) and 43 healthy pregnant women. Serum interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and melatonin levels were evaluated. Results Melatonin and interleukin -10 were significantly lower in subjects with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (p=0.001; p=0.001, respectively p<0.05). Interleukin-8 levels were found to be significantly higher in the cholestasis group than control group (p=0.001, p<0.05). Conclusions Because interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and melatonin were found to be significantly correlated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, we believe this finding could shed light on the etiology of the disease.
Where You Lead, I Will Follow: Exploring Sibling Similarity in Brain and Behavior During Risky Decision Making

This exploratory study examined whether social learning increases similarity in adolescent siblings’ behavior and neural patterns during risky decision making. Participants included 86 adolescents (43 sibling dyads; younger siblings: M age = 12.2 years; 22 females; older siblings: M age = 14.6 years; 20 females) who completed questionnaires, and a decision‐making task during an fMRI scan. Younger siblings became more similar to their older siblings’ risky decision making after observing their older sibling take risks). Younger siblings who reported greater modeling of their older sibling, and less differentiation from them, showed increased neural similarity to their older siblings in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the right anterior insula and ventral striatum, respectively. These findings highlight siblings as salient social agents in how adolescents process risky decision making.
Context Regulation of Mind Wandering in ADHD

Objective We aimed to understand the association between MW frequency and clinical measures, context regulation of MW and group differences in task performance. Method 27 adults with ADHD and 29 controls performed tasks manipulating demand on working memory and sustained attention, and recorded their MW frequency using probes. Results A significant association between MW frequency and the clinical measures was demonstrated. Along with increased MW frequency, individuals with ADHD reported decreasing MW frequency during increasing demands on working memory (context regulation), but not on sustained attention (deficient context regulation). Controls, however, maintained continuous task focus across all conditions. Group differences in task performance were no longer significant after adding MW frequency as a covariate. Conclusion Deficient context regulation during increasing demands on sustained attention suggests that sustained attention deficits may play a more important role in regulation of MW in ADHD. MW frequency might also underpin performance deficits in ADHD.
Racial Discrimination, Protective Parenting, and Binge Drinking Among Emerging Adult Black Men.

PURPOSE Rural Black men experience escalating rates of binge drinking during emerging adulthood. We hypothesized that exposure to racial discrimination would predict growth in their binge drinking trajectories and that protective parenting, including emotional and instrumental support and high expectations for success, would attenuate the influence of racial discrimination on growth in binge drinking. METHODS Hypotheses were tested with 3 waves of data from 505 men (ages 20.3, 21.9, and 23.1) participating in the African American Men's Project. Conditional and multigroup latent growth curve models (LGCM) were implemented using Mplus. RESULTS LGCM indicated that binge drinking frequency increased linearly across time; exposure to racial discrimination at baseline predicted growth in binge drinking (β = .19, p < .01). Multigroup comparison procedures indicated significant moderation by protective parenting. When protective parenting was high, racial discrimination had no significant influence on rates of young men's binge drinking (β =.01, p = .51). In contrast, when protective parenting was low, the influence of discrimination was heightened (β = .21, p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Racial discrimination is a pernicious stressor that contributes to increases in binge drinking among young Black men. When parents engaged in emotionally and instrumentally supportive parenting, however, racial discrimination had little influence on binge drinking trajectories during emerging adulthood. Study findings underscore the importance of the emerging adult transition as a period of vulnerability and suggest directions for targeting alcohol preventive interventions. IMPLICATIONS AND CONTRIBUTION After high school, young Black men are exposed to racial discrimination that can increase rates of binge drinking. When young men's parents were emotionally and instrumentally supportive toward them, however, racial discrimination did not predict increases in binge drinking.
No Apparent Influence of Non-Adherence on Tacrolimus Intra-Patient Variability in Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients.

BACKGROUND High intra-patient variability (IPV) in tacrolimus exposure has been associated with an increased risk of graft rejection and graft loss. It has been suggested that medication non-adherence has high impact on IPV. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between tacrolimus IPV and medication non-adherence in stable kidney transplant recipients. METHODS This study was conducted within the RRFD trial (Netherlands Trial Register: NTR7256), which included stable kidney transplant recipients. Non-adherence was assessed quantitatively by electronic monitoring (EM) and qualitatively using the composite adherence score (CAS) consisting of patient self-reporting (Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale, ITAS), a physician report, and the tacrolimus trough concentrations (C0). Intra-patient variability in tacrolimus C0 and area under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) was evaluated at five and three sampling instances, respectively. RESULTS Data of 64 kidney transplant recipients (43 males, 21 females; mean age 53.6 years), mean time post-transplantation 5.4 years, were collected. Mean missed tacrolimus intake was 7% (0.3%-13.4%) based on EM, missing one intake every 2 weeks. Based on the CAS, 68.9% of the patients were categorized as non-adherent. The mean IPV was 17.9% (4.4%-65.3%) and 20.2% (2.5%-51.6%) for tacrolimus C0 and AUCs, respectively. The non-adherence data displayed a non-parametric distribution, with non-adherence scores mostly in the lower ranges. There was no significant difference in the mean IPV between adherent and non-adherent patients. There were no differences in EM, CAS, physician report, or TTR, but patients with a low AUC IPV showed a slightly higher ITAS score than those with a high AUC IPV (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION There was no apparent relationship between IPV and non-adherence in this motivated kidney transplant recipient population, with one missed tacrolimus dose every 2 weeks.