Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toxicological studies of ethanol leaf extract of Cassia fistula on haematological and biochemical parameters of wistar albino rats

Aim: Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of conditions such as astringent, febrifuge and purgative. But the effects have not been well elucidated. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of Cassia fistula on haematological and serum biochemical indices in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical constituents from the ethanol extract of C. fistula were identified by qualitative techniques and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group A, the control, received 0.2ml of corn oil each daily for 7 days; Group B rats were given 100mg/kg b.w. of Cassia fistula extract, Group C were given 200mg/kg b.w. of the extract while the rats in Group D were given 300mg/kg b.w ethanol extract of Cassia fistula orally for 7 days. Blood samples were collected afterward for determination of haematological parameter while plasma biochemistry was carried on the plasma after 7 days of treatment with the extract. Frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was also determined from blood Giemsa stained smear. Results: Qualitative analyses revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardenolides, and phenols. In GC-MS analysis, 19 compounds including phytol, oleic, myristic acids etc. were detected from the ethanol leaf extract of C fistula. Oral treatment of Cassia fistula was found to be safe up to the 300mg/kg b.w dose because haematological and biochemical parameters in treated rats were comparable to the untreated control. In fact, the extract showed nephroprotective and hepatoprotective activity at 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanol leaf extract of Cassia fistula is not toxic upt to 300 mg/kg b.w, instead the extract showed some protective effects on liver and kidney functions at the 200 mg/kg b.w dose. This dosage should therefore be explored further for therapeutic purposes.
PREVALENCE OF AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA IN OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS FARMS IN KAFREL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE

One hundred and Fifty six samples of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), (53 samples from diseased and 103 samples from apparently healthy), were collected from different farms in different locality in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate,the samples were analysed for the prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila over a period of nine months from first of December 2007 to end of Agusts 2008. and for their anti-microbial resistance using the disk diffusion method. Moreover the bacteria were tested for their pathogen city for fish and hemolytic activity,
EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL SPATIAL GAPS ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN HAITI. THE CASE OF THE MUNICIPAL BUDGETS OF 2017–2018.

For decade Haiti's development was thought to be the prerogative of the central authorities who conceived, in national logic, strategies for this purpose without necessarily considering the subnational specificities. This vision of the development of the territories emerged from a unique context and history that would therefore imply a unique development logic. By taking the case of studies the budgetary allocations to the Haitian communes for the fiscal years2017-2018, we want to demonstrate that the logic of allocating the financing of local authorities is neither neutral nor strategic. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, it is to model spatial disparities and structural instability in the national territory. Secondly, it is to study the differences in space and to explain the inclusiveness and complementary nature of the territorial development process. Limited analysis of the communal allocations of budgetary appropriations reveals two major anomalies in the financing logic of these territories. The first anomaly considers the legitimization of territorial and socioeconomic disparities that comes from an unenlightened choice of leaders to design Haitian territory and the proximity relations between the localized actors. The second anomaly is found in the lack of vision or global consideration in the national strategy for territorial development. The Haitian State cannot therefore make a planned and strategic management of the territory because it is too dependent on the economic events.
Relationship between Primary School Children’s Physical Fitness, Physical Activity and their Parents’ Physical Activity

Background. Healthy lifestyle skills instilled in childhood remain into adulthood. Parental physical activity skills are directly related to their children’s physical activity which strengthens their children’s physical fitness. The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate the relationship between parents’ and children’s physical activity and to evaluate the links between children’s physical activity and physical fitness.Methods. The study involved 486 primary school children aged 7 to 10 years (240 boys and 241 girls) and their parents from Kaunas district. The study was conducted in 2018 in Kaunas district schools. Parental physical activity was assessed using Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire-GLTEQ (Godin & Shephard, 1985). Physical activity of primary school children was assessed by submitting a questionnaire to parents developed by researchers Bacardi-Gascón, Reveles-Roy, Woodward-Lopez, Crawford, and Jiménez-Cruz (2012). Schoolchildren’s physical fitness was assessed by 9 physical fitness tests (Fjørtoft, Pedersen, Sigmundsson, & Vereijken, 2011). Results. Having assessed the physical activity of children according to WHO (2010) recommendations, we found that the vast majority of the surveyed children (93.6% of boys and 86.3 of girls) were physically active, i.e. they engaged in physical activity for more than 1 hour during the day. Comparing the schoolchildren’s physical fitness by gender we found that boys were more physically fit than girls when performing long jumps, two-legged jumps, throwing a tennis ball, and running for six minutes (p < .05). Comparing the results of schoolchildren’s physical fitness by grades (Table 3), we observed that the older children were, the more physically fit they were. Correlation analysis of the research results showed a statistically significant direct relationship between father’s and mother’s physical activity (r = .487, p = .0001). A significant relationship was found between the results of children’s physical activity and tennis ball throwing (r = .170, p = .018) and the results of 10 * 5m running tests (r = –.150, p = .019). Higher physical activity was directly associated with better scores on these tests.Conclusion. Schoolchildren’s and their parents’ physical activity has no relation with schoolchildren’s physical fitness.Keywords: healthy, lifestyle, physical activity, physical fitness.
Cardiovascular Risk and Hearing Threshold Levels on Disc Jockey Workers

Introduction: Noise-induced hearing loss is a major public health problem. Extended exposure to noisy music can cause not only hearing loss, but also biochemical changes in exposed Disc Jockey (DJ) workers. Aim of work: To study some health hazards; mainly biochemical changes and hearing threshold levels among DJ workers compared with a well-matched control group and the prevalence of using protective measures among this occupational group. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional controlled study was conducted at Benha city, Kalyobiya Governorate, Egypt. Data was collected from the beginning of May till the end of September 2017. Sixty-three DJ workers and well-matched seventy-two office workers were subjected to an interview structured questionnaire, clinical examinations including audiometric hearing threshold assessment, biochemical analysis and Framingham coronary heart disease risk score was calculated. Results: The hearing threshold was affected in 59% of DJ workers. Blood pressure, pulse and lipid profile were statistically significantly higher in DJ workers (except HDL was lower). The difference in audiometric measures starts at 3000 at right ear and 4000 at left ear. The only significant predictor for hearing affection was work duration. Conclusion: Noise is one of the disturbing factors for health. In addition to impairing of hearing, noise affects blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid profiles which acts as risk factor for cardio vascular diseases.
Performance of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes for yield and quality attributes under central dry zone of Karnataka

Garlic (Allium sativum L.)is an important ingredient in daily Indian diet and various researches have proved that garlic is good for health and is beneficial in curing various health problems. It has been shown to display anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Nine different garlic genotypes were evaluated at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur, during the year of 2016-17 with the main objective to select the promising genotypes for yield and qualitative traits. Among nine genotypes, maximum total soluble solids was recorded in the genotype Agrifound White (40.38 %), whereas the least was recorded in Bhima Purple (32.81 %). Maximum pyruvic acid content was recorded in Yamuna Safed (27.19 μ moles per g fresh weight), while the minimum pyruvic acid content was recorded in Agrifound Parvati (21.15 μ moles per g fresh weight). The highest polar diameter (4.42 cm), equatorial diameter (3.96 cm) and average bulb weight (19.01 g) was noticed in the genotype Bhima Purple. The highest yield was recorded in the genotype Bhima Purple (8.65 t/ha) which was on par with Yamuna Safed-3 (8.59 t/ha), while the minimum yield was observed in the genotype Bhima Omkar (5.20 t/ha).
Effect of Moderate Treadmill Exercise on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats

Several and complex factors cause accumulation of large amounts of body fat as well as a disparity between energy intake and output. Generally, any increase in bodyweight can be attributed to the elevation in daily food intake and the reduction in energy expenditure. Several functions could be achieved by moderate exercise including maintaining an optimum body weight and muscle mass, lowering abdominal fat and increasing lipid catabolism. However, the exact molecular mechanisms involved remain understudied. Our study was designed mainly to evaluate the influence of moderate treadmill exercise on body metabolism with special reference to hepatic lipid metabolism. Twenty adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighting 200±20 gm were randomly assigned to either sedentary or exercised groups. The exercise protocol lasted for 20 mins/ 5 times / week along 4 weeks. Although no significant changes in body weight, insulin and corticosterone levels, there was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose and serum leptin levels (81.06%and 75.49% respectively). The current exercise regime significantly increased serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) level (127.56%) and significantly decreased serum triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c) levels (75.50%, 62.83% and 74.48% respectively). Also, treadmill exercise significantly upregulated the hepatic expression of acetyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyl CoA transferase 1 (CPT1) (173% and 148% respectively) as well as significantly downregulated the hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (52%) but not fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA expression. Overall, these results suggest a beneficial effect of moderate treadmill exercise hepatic lipid metabolism.
War lessons or how social and personal background shapes our perception

It is well-known that cognitive metaphor can reflect the process of conceptualization of the surrounding world in the human mind. The metaphorical transfer of the source domain’s conceptual features to the target domain shows the essence of the reality perception in the consciousness. This study is focused on the intracultural variation of cognitive metaphors, particularly the phenomenon of the implicit-explicit dispersion in metaphors, dependence of their perception on the occupation, gender, and age of members of a culture, and type of metaphors. Based on conceptual metaphors, associated with the target domain WAR in the Russian culture, the researchers elaborate a novel approach to the analysis of conceptual metaphors, providing full-fledged scrutiny of the reflection of the surrounding realm in the minds of native speakers. The study involved 124 people, some of whom have direct professional experience in the military sphere. The obtained differences in the perception of simulated metaphorical models allow us to talk about intracultural variation of the WAR cognitive metaphor and the significant influence of personal experience on the perception of reality.
DNA Barcoding of Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) From Mainland China

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are an insect group that feeds on plant sap; many are major pests of ornamental plants and crops worldwide. The difficulty of morphological identification of mealybugs points to a need for a rapid and effective identification method, like DNA barcoding, to assist morphological taxonomy. Here, we employed diverse methods (best close match [BCM], Neighbor-Joining [NJ] tree, Barcoding with LOGic formulas [BLOG], Poisson Tree Process [PTP] Species Delimitation Method) to test the efficiency of two molecular markers (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I [COI] and large ribosomal subunit gene [28S]) that could be used for species identification of 54 mealybug species that commonly occur in China. Two hundred six COI barcodes (47 species) and 242 28S sequences (53 species) were recovered from 246 individuals. In both the COI and 28S data sets, species except for Planococcus citri and P. minor were unambiguously identified by all the methods. The PTP analysis based on COI sequences generated more putative species in Antonina tesquorum , Atrococcus paludinus , and Formicococcus sp. than morphological identification. Among these three cases, the sequences of At. paludinus showed 3.55% variation at the 28S locus, possibly reflecting cryptic diversity in this taxon. Our study corroborates the utility of the COI and 28S genes in the rapid identification of mealybugs, and the barcode library we provide will create an effective identification system for mealybug pest management in China.
Heavy Metal Analysis in Some Water Types from Egypt and Saudi Arabia, and Future Aspirations of Water Resources Management

A comparative evaluation of the heavy metals Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper and Zinc in versatile water resources in Egypt and Saudi Arabia was conducted during the summer of 2015. All the studied water brands contained markedly scarce amounts of Arsenic, which was under the limit of detection. Chromium was also found to be under the limit of detection in Baraka, Nestle Pure Life, Hayat, Aman Siwa and Siwa from the water market at Mansoura (Egypt). Similar finding was recorded for Cadmium in Aman Siwa and Lead in Hayat, Aman Siwa and Siwa water brands. The highest levels of Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead and Zinc were recorded in Baraka, Aquafina, Dasani, Safi and Aquafina water brands, respectively. However, the lowest amounts of these metals were detected in Siwa, Safi, Safi, Nestle Pure Life and Aman Siwa, respectively. Ablution water showed undesirable amounts of Zinc (0.25 ppm). Street coolers recorded relatively low amounts of Chromium (0.09 ppm) and Zinc (0.10 ppm). Zamzam water was free of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc, however it recorded low amounts of Copper (0.004 ppm) and undesirable levels of Chromium (0.13 ppm). The level of Chromium detected in the purified River Nile’s water was 0.125 in the tap water and 0.110 ppm in vending machines. On the other hand, the amounts of Zinc were 0.085 and 0.546 ppm in the two water brands, respectively. The heavy metal analysis provided insight into the quality of water sources under investigation. The study discussed the effects of heavy metals on the human health and their effects on the community health in the long term. The study reviewed future aspirations for the management of water resources in Egypt and Saudi Arabia.
Manual Acoustic Tracking Reveals the Spatial Ecology of Giant Trevally at a Remote South Pacific Atoll, with Implications for Their Management

Giant trevally (Caranx ignobilis) are important predators on the reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific and research into their spatial ecology is needed to improve our understanding of their behavior and assist fisheries management. We used active acoustic telemetry to describe the fine-scale movements of giant trevally at Tetiaroa Atoll, including their home range, site fidelity, habitat use and spatial overlap with a small (21 km2) Marine Protected Area (MPA). The home ranges of giant trevally were small but varied among individuals (Minimum Convex Polygon 𝑋𝑋 = 3.2 ± 2.5 km2). All giant trevally exhibited site fidelity to their respective home ranges with a 31% average overlap in daily space use, but there was limited overlap in home ranges among individuals, with intra-individual spatial overlap significantly greater than inter-individual overlap (t = -4.93, df = 16.87, p-value = <0.001). There was only modest overlap (19 ± 19%) of giant trevally home ranges within the MPA and high spatial overlap of home ranges with deep lagoon habitats (90 ± 0.09 %). Our results indicate that MPAs could be an effective tool for the conservation of this species if they are implemented on an atoll-wide scale. However, in the case of managing recreational catch-and-release fisheries, rotational smallscale temporal closures could be effective in regulating the angling pressure imposed upon giant trevally, provided post-release mortality is minimized. The results of this study provide the first detailed account of habitat use in this species and highlight the need for additional research on the factors contributing to the survival of caught-and-released giant trevally in predator dominated atolls, especially as their popularity as a target of recreational fisheries continues to grow, and fishing operations and agencies are faced with the need to manage their fisheries.
Medicinal Plant Diversity across the Vallavilai Coastal Villages of Kanyakumari District

Present Study was conducted in the Vallavilai coastal Villages of Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India to document the Medicinal plant wealth. Taxonomically, a total of 76 plant species belonging to 65 genera and 38 families were recorded. Of these 34 (45%) were herbs, 19 (25%) were shrubs, 13 (17%) were trees and 10 (13%) were climbers/creepers. The plant parts used for the preparation of medicine, whole plants were found to be most frequently used for the preparation of remedies. The mode of preparations is paste, juice, decoction and powder. The medicinal plants of the study area have been used to treat 53 illnesses. The 53 various ailments against which ethnomedicinal treatments have been recorded in the study area can be grouped into 12 major categories of symptomatically and organ-system related diseases/problems.
Effect of 6,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene (agerarin) on the recovery of filaggrin expression through targeting of Janus kinases in the inflammatory skin

Filaggrin (FLG) is a structural component of the stratum corneum that is essential for maintaining the barrier function of the skin and for the formation of natural moisturizing factors. 6,7-Dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene (Agerarin) is a bioactive compound derived from Ageratum houstonianum, a plant that is used as a traditional medicine to treat skin diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of agerarin on skin inflammation in a dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis mouse model. We found that the topical administration of agerarin ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions. We also showed that agerarin restores the reduced filaggrin (FLG) expression in DNCB-applied skin sections. Moreover, agerarin decreased phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK2 kinases to enhance FLG expression, which was reduced by TNFα+IFNγ and IL4+IL13 treatment, in HaCaT keratinocytes. These results demonstrate the feasibility of agerarin as a possible therapeutic against conditions of skin inflammation, such as atopic dermatitis, by improving the upregulation of FLG expression.
Technology Management for Accelerated Recovery during COVID-19

Objective- The research looks forward to extracting strategies for accelerated recovery during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Design - Research design considers quantitative methodology and evaluates significant factors from 170 countries to deploy supervised and unsupervised Machine Learning techniques to generate non-trivial predictions. Findings - Findings presented by the research reflect on data-driven observation applicable at the macro level and provide healthcare-oriented insights for governing authorities. Policy Implications - Research provides interpretability of Machine Learning models regarding several aspects of the pandemic that can be leveraged for optimizing treatment protocols. Originality - Research makes use of curated near-time data to identify significant correlations keeping emerging economies at the center stage. Considering the current state of clinical trial research reflects on parallel non-clinical strategies to co-exist with the Coronavirus.
Analytical Foundations of the Uncertainty-Welfare Nexus: Technology Shocks and Stochastic Accumulation of Human Capital

The welfare of risk-averse agents is supposed to be reduced by higher uncertainty. Several recent studies, however, point out that agents may enjoy higher welfare in fluctuating economies than in their nonstochastic counterparts. I address this possibility by finding the closed-form solution to the stochastic Uzawa-Lucas model featuring correlated Brownian motion and many Poisson jump processes. For a moderate degree of uncertainty, I analytically show that higher uncertainty can improve welfare. I demonstrate that, if two stochastic processes are correlated, then there exists a hump-shaped relationship between welfare and two sorts of uncertainty.
Dynamics of Output Growth, Consumption and Physical Capital in Two-Sector Models of Endogenous Growth

Using a dynamic model of unionism and wage determination we nd that the unobserved factors that inuence union membership also a¤ect wages. The estimates suggest that UK trade unions still play a non-negligible, albeit diminishing, role in wage formation. It appears that the greater impact of unobservables in determining individual union propensity concerning the second period under analysis, versus past unionisation experience, implies that those remaining in unions during (1997-2002) gain most from their sorting decision. The signi cant contribution of unobserved heterogeneity renders the total union wage di¤erential highly variable across individuals. The endogeneity correction procedure employed yields a discernible pattern of the estimated union wage e¤ect relative to OLS and Fixed e¤ects. This is in line with Robinson (1989a) and Vella and Verbeek (1998) and refutes the pessimistic conclusions reached by Freeman and Medo¤ (1982) and Lewis (1986) that endogeneity correction methodologies do not contribute to our understanding of the union wage e¤ect puzzle. Key Words: union status, union wage e¤ects, unobserved heterogeneity, dynamic model of unionism and wage determination Subject Classi cation: [JEL classi cation] C33, J31, J51 1The views presented in this paper are the authors and do not reect those of the BHPS data depositors, namely, the Institute for Social and Economic Research at the University of Essex, U.K. 2 I am grateful to Je¤rey Wooldridge, Mark Stewart, Pierre-Carl Michaud, Francis Vella, Rasmus Jørgensen, Bertel Schjerning, Alicia Pérez Alonso, Nicholas Cox, Gianluigi Vernasca, John Bone, Federico Crudu, Leslie Godfrey, Keith Hartley, John Hutton, Andrew Jones and Eduardo Anderson Stanciole for their valuable help. All errors and omissions are my own.