Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Pakistani community towards their mental health problems: a systematic review

Abstract Objectives The objective of this research is to explore how Pakistani community perceive their mental health problems by systematically reviewing the scientific literature published on major databases. The findings expectedly will be useful for general public, for clinicians and for the researchers. Methods The methodology of this systematic literature search involved identifying and critically appraising studies that attempted to explore how Pakistani community perceives and understands its mental health problems. We carried out literature search on some major databases including PubMed, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and Google Scholar. We followed selection criteria where researchers aimed to find perceptions and understandings of Pakistani participants regarding their mental health by adopting scientific methodologies. The extraction of data was carried out after reading the selected papers and organising the findings under specific categories, in the form of a table. Data analysis was based on the information gathered from these studies. Results The results suggest that Pakistani community exhibits negligible to little understanding regarding their psychological experiences and emotional processes as separate identifiable entities. Nonetheless, multiple parallel sociocultural concepts such as religion or faith driven practices and mythical or supernatural understandings are highlighted by this research. These are accepted and practiced in order to address mental health problems. Conclusion It appears that Pakistani community has limited understanding and scarce vocabulary to describe their inner psychological and emotional experiences. However, in order to address the mental health issues, the community exhibits a variety of responses and reactions that are driven from several unique social, cultural and religious factors. Whether these are general perceptions or causations or protective factors towards illness or possible treatment options, they all are approached and addressed with some unique understandings and perceptions that are specific to this community.
Study of non-thermal technologies to preserve the quality of fresh foods

espanolEn los ultimos anos se ha incrementado la demanda de alimentos con un aspecto natural, sin aditivos anadidos y minimamente procesados. Debido a esta busqueda de una alimentacion mas sana, el consumo de zumos de frutas y vegetales tambien esta en auge. Sin embargo, no es facil adquirir dichos productos sin que hayan sido tratados a altas temperaturas, ya que es necesario asegurar la destruccion de enzimas y microorganismos presentes en el alimento para su comercializacion. El tratamiento termico es la tecnica habitual para el tratamiento de zumos, pero conlleva una perdida significativa de nutrientes de interes, asi como de propiedades organolepticas. Por ello, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es la evaluacion de tecnologias alternativas no termicas que consigan la inactivacion enzimatica de los productos tratados para evitar su deterioro durante su procesado y almacenamiento mientras se conservan sus propiedades de calidad. La principal tecnologia por la que se apuesta en esta Tesis es el dioxido de carbono presurizado (HPCD), donde se emplea CO2 a alta presion pero a temperaturas menores que en un tratamiento termico ( Palabras clave: Tecnologias no termicas, alimentos frescos, zumo de manzana no clarificado, inactivacion enzimatica, propiedades de calidad. EnglishThe awareness of consuming healthy, fresh-like and minimally processed products has notably increased. Food Industry usually employs thermal treatments to assure food safety, but it can produce the loss of quality and nutritional properties. Finding alternative non thermal technologies to achieve enzymatic inactivation while maintaining the quality of the food is of great interest. The main studied technology is High Pressure Carbon Dioxide (HPCD), which employs pressurized CO2 at mild temperatures, avoiding the loss of thermolabile compounds. Cloudy apple juice is the main studied product, but this technology has been also applied on other food products to compare its effect. HPCD technology has been compared with thermosonication, cold plasma or high pressure processing. The effect of these treatments over quality properties and their changes during storage has also been studied. Keywords: Non-thermal technologies, fresh food, cloudy apple juice, enzyme inactivation, quality properties.
Problems of Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language in South Yemen: A Case Study of Lahj Governorate

The task of teaching and learning English as a foreign language is not an easy task as there are many factors that may contribute positively or negatively to its success. In the context of this study, most school-leavers have very poor English, especially when looking at their oral skills. This indicates that there are some problems that EFL learning and teaching encounter, and then such problems are reflected in students’ proficiency level. This study, therefore, explored the problems encountering EFL teaching and learning in Lahj primary and secondary schools to identify such problems and suggest some solutions that may help in improving English language teaching and learning in the concerned schools. Data were collected from 32 EFL senior teachers and supervisors of Lahj governorate. Findings showed that large classes, lack of teaching aids, teachers’ low proficiency in English, teachers’ limited experience with communicative language teaching, late beginning of learning English, lack of focus on oral communicative English, use of mother tongue in classroom, students’ low motivation and interference between English and Arabic are considered as major problems encountering English language teaching and learning in the concerned South Yemeni schools and contribute negatively to students’ proficiency level. The study has provided some recommendations that may help in improving EFL teaching and learning in the concerned schools and in Yemeni schools generally.
Designing & implementing role play as a method of teaching biochemistry for first MBBS students

Introduction: DE novo synthesis of fatty acid is one of the complex metabolic pathway amongst the Biochemistry curriculum for first MBBS students. Fatty acid synthase multi enzyme complex (FAS-MEC) is key enzyme and teaching its three-dimensional structure, its loading with substrate and reactions of this pathway has been a challenge for teachers. Objectives: Our study aims at designing role play as a teaching learning method to illustrate and simplify De novo synthesis of fatty acid. The objectives were to analyze the perception of first M.B. B.S. students and teachers about role play as a method of teaching. Materials and Methods: Role play was designed to illustrate structure and function of FAS-MEC. 12 students from first MBBS enacted the role of various enzymes of FAS-MEC and the metabolites of the pathway. Biochemical reactions were demonstrated with help of the placards. Views of 150 Students and 10 teachers were analyzed with help of Likert’s score based pre-validated questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Teaching by role play was highly appreciated by the students & teachers as it helped them to understand mechanism of FAS –MEC & structure. They felt that it may improve their retention of knowledge and enhance reproducibility with effective teacher student communication. In accordance with the past studies, both group felt that role play is an effective teaching learning tool and power point presentations can be used to reinforce the topic. Conclusion: Despite growing digitalization constitutional methods of teaching like role play is appreciated by students and teachers as a useful and effective teaching learning tool. Keywords: Biochemistry, Fatty acid synthase multi enzyme complex, Role play, Teaching learning tool
A study of functional outcome of closed ankle fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation

Background: Ankle fractures are one of the most common injuries of the lower limb 3 treated by orthopaedic surgeons, with an incidence of 107 fractures per 100000 personyears. 4 Up to 12% of emergency presentations involve an ankle injury. There has been an increase in the prevalence of ankle fractures over the past two decades both in the young, active patients and in the elderly [5, . Injuries around the ankle joint cause destruction of not only the bony architecture, but also often the ligamentous and soft tissue components . The anatomy of the joint makes it very unstable in cases of fractures or ligamentous injuries around the ankle. Open anatomic reduction and internal fixation are routinely advocated for displaced, unstable ankle fractures [10, 11, . Functional and radiological results were analyzed using the ankle scoring system of Baird and Jackson . The objective of this study is to analyse the patterns and causes of ankle fractures as well as to assess the functional outcome and results of surgically treated ankle fractures performed at our institution.
TINGGI FUNDUS UTERI PADA IBU POST PARTUM YANG MELAKSANAKAN SENAM NIFAS

Pada ibu post partum involusi uterus merupakan proses yang sangat penting karena ibu memerlukan perawatan yang khusus, bantuan dan pengawasan demi pulihnya kesehatan seperti sebelum hamil. Salah satu indikator dalam proses involusi adalah tinggi fundus uteri. Tujuan penelitian ini diketahui pengaruh pelaksanaan senam nifas terhadap penurunan tinggi fundus uteri (TFU) pada ibu post partum di Puskesmas Ulu Belu Kabupaten Tanggamus Tahun 2015. Senam nifas disebut juga sebagai senam pemulihan sesudah melahirkan. Ukuran dengan sentimeter yang diukur dari umbilicus sebagai indikasi dari proses involusi uteri. Sekitar 12 jam setelah melahirkan TFU akan turun 1 cm dibawah umbilicus dan selanjutnya akan turun 1cm atau 1jari perhari menuju simpisis.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi Eksperimen serta pendekatan Non Equivalen Control Group , pemilihan sampel dengan teknik Accidental Sampling , dengan mengambil 40 responden. Instumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi.Hasil analisa data dengan menggunakan uji statistik T Test, didapatkan penurunan tinggi fundus uteri klien pada kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan senam nifas. Rata-rata penurunan tinggi fundus uteri pada kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan senam nifas sebelum sebesar 9,85 dan sesudah 5,50, meskipun secara statistik menurun, akan tetapi jika dilihat nilai selisih antara kedua kelompok tersebut, maka kelompok eksprimen lebih besar dalam mengalami penurunan, pada kelompok eksperimen selisihnya sebesar 8,85 dan kelompok kontrol sebesar 4,35. Saran agar hasil penelitian ini menjadi pola acuan untuk melakukan penyuluhan-penyuluhan terkait dengan penerapan senam nifas di Puskesmas Ulu Belu.
Migrant workers in Japan: socio-economic conditions and policy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to ascertain the major characteristics of contemporary migrant workers in Japan. In order to illustrate their actual situations in relation to the socio-economic conditions and government policies, data have been gathered from relevant government sources and several surveys conducted by Japanese researchers.Design/methodology/approach The paper discusses social background, socio-economic factors and the public response to migrant workers in Japan. The focus is placed upon Japanese policy context and recent trend which demonstrates an increase in foreign workers. The main method is statistical analyses of the government macro data. In addition, some data from the relevant research outcomes are systematised.FindingsThe inflow of migrant workers has consistently augmented, and this has fostered the public debate. Some observers indicate that government deceitfully accepts migrant workers through the “backdoor” and the “side doors”. There has been some criticism, relating to the fact that increasing numbers of foreign employees include many workers with no formal qualifications, such as technical internships and international students who take on part-time jobs.Originality/valueThis article provides some factors for certain migration patterns, featuring contemporary Japan's migration issues. In conclusion, some uniqueness of contemporary migrant workers in Japanese community has been depicted, and the implications of these findings can contribute to prospective research, Japan's policy and practice in this field.
Technical and economic analysis of farming systems engaged in Agri-Environment-Climate measures for pesticide use reduction in Burgundy (France)

The European Union has created agri-environmental measures so that some of the European farmers may commit to reducing their environmental impact in exchange for financial compensation. However, little is known about the impact of such measures on farms recently engaged, like the “agri-environment-climate measures” (AECMs) specifically targeting pesticide use. The aim of this study is to reveal how AECMs and/or pesticide reduction have impacted farms which have actually engaged their production systems in the Nièvre region (Burgundy, France). For this, farmers were interviewed on their practices, results and constraints, and technical and economic data from their farm records were analyzed. All farms have reduced their phytosanitary Treatment Frequency Index through risk acceptance, adaptation of crop choices and/or reliance on soil preparation; however half of them have implemented a relatively lowinput system not due to AECMs. AECMs did not lead the majority of farmers to really think differently about their practices. Upon engagement, the farms were overall both less reliant on pesticides and more profitable economically than the regional average. Under AECMs, their annual profit would have decreased without the AECM subsidies, but so would have their debt ratio compared to regional references. In the future, their farming systems (with their lower pesticide use) should be able to subsist without AECM subsidies, all the more so as the AECM period was not perceived as a bad experience by farmers. To keep reducing pesticides, farmers have technical, economic and political concerns, with weed control as a main challenge. For an average farm of Nièvre, engaging in an AECM would probably have required more effort, and the discoveries made in this study illustrate some possible strengths and weaknesses of agri-environmental policies.
Collaborative Metacognition in Signal Detection Decision Making

When individuals work together to make decisions in a signal detection task, they typically achieve greater sensitivity as a group than they could each achieve on their own. The present experiments investigate whether metacognitive, or Type 2, signal detection judgements would show a similar pattern of collaborative benefit. Thirty-two participants in Experiment 1 and sixty participants in Experiment 2 completed a signal detection task individually and in groups, and measures of Type 1 and Type 2 sensitivity were calculated from participants’ confidence judgments. Bayesian parameter estimates suggested that regardless of whether teams are given feedback on their performance (Experiment 1) or receive no feedback (Experiment 2), no credible differences were observed in metacognitive efficiency between the teams and the better members, nor between the teams and the worse members. These findings suggest that teams may self-assess their performance by deferring metacognitive judgments to the most metacognitively sensitive individual within the team, even without trial-by-trial feedback, rather than integrating their judgments and achieving increased metacognitive awareness of their own performance.
Family perceptions and satisfaction with end-of-life care in long-term care facilities

The purpose of this study was, first, to further our understanding of the experience of dying in a long-term care (LTC) facility from the perspective of family members and second, to identify the relationships between the various factors which may influence satisfaction with end-of-life care. Using a sequential mixed methods design, a convenience sample of 87 family members completed a survey interview using a modified version of the Toolkit of Instruments to Measure End-of-life Care (TIME) Nursing Home Version in the first phase of the study. Findings from the parametric and non-parametric analyses indicated that family satisfaction with end-of-life care was best predicted by contact and communication with nursing staff, feeling that care provided at the end of life met expectations, staff providing consistent care, feeling that the health care aide listened to their concerns about care and that respondents felt they had received enough emotional support. Being transferred to hospital in the last month of life, dying in a place other than the LTC facility, and respondent age and employment status were all associated with significant mean differences in satisfaction scores. In the second phase, three focus groups were conducted to further explore areas of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with end-of-life care. Focus groups provided confirmation of the findings of the first phase of the study and were instrumental in developing a list of ten recommendations for improvements in end-of-life care delivery. Recommendations for future research are made based on the study results.
Errors in Antibiotic Therapy: Study with Dentist's Prescriptions in a Large Brazilian City

Objective: To evaluate errors in dental prescriptions of antibiotics for therapeutic purpose. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study using a random and calculated sample of 366 prescriptions (July1 2011 to June 30 2012), from a total of 31 105 dental prescriptions, was surveyed in an important drugstore chain in a large Brazilian city. Data was validated by double entry in Epi-data (EpiData Assoc, Odense M, Denmark) and then analysed in SPSS (version 19.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical analyses included the calculation of proportions with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We identified 272 prescriptions for therapeutic purpose. Prescription errors involved spelling of the antibiotic name, dose, dosing intervals and duration of treatment. A total of 116 prescriptions (42.6%; 95% CI 36.9%-48.6%) were considered to be totally correct with regard to the generic name, dose, dosing interval and duration of the antibiotic therapy. Most of the antibiotics prescribed by dentists showed errors related to the name, dose, intervals and duration of treatment. Conclusion: These errors may compromise the effectiveness of drug therapy, contribute to microbial resistance and increase the risk of adverse events and costs of treatment.
Drift Begone! Release Policies and Preannouncement Informed Trading

In 2017 the UK Statistics Authority discontinued the early access of government officials to market-sensitive macroeconomic data. We examine the effect of this policy change on price adjustment in the foreign exchange futures market around major U.K. macroeconomic announcements. Three macroeconomic announcements (consumer price index, industrial production, and retail sales) show strong evidence of informed trading before their public releases until 2017. This preannouncement price drift weakens with the end of the prerelease access. Analogously, the market reaction to the announcements at the official release time has become stronger.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of CO2 and CH4 Fluxes in Tomago Wetland

The measurement of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in estuaries is crucial in expressing the impacts of these GHGs on global warming, and hence climate change. In this study, we investigated the effect of various environmental and micrometeorological factors on diurnal and seasonal variations of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a tidal inundated saltmarsh. Measurements of GHG fluxes were taken by using eddy covariance technique from August 2015 to July 2016 in Tomago wetland, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. In this paper, a positive flux is defined as the one directing into the atmosphere. The highest average diurnal emissions were 2.54 Âµg m-2 s-1 CH4 during the day and 0.45 mg m-2 s-1 CO2 at night. Monthly average fluxes peaked in February (0.365 Âµg m-2 s-1 CH4 and 0.137 mg m-2 s-1 CO2). There was a significant negative relationship between CO2 flux and water level (p
Clinical, Physiological, and Psychological Correlates of the Improvement of Defecation during Menses in Women with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background/Aims: Little is known about the improvement in defecation frequently reported by women around menses. We aimed to describe clinical, physiological, and psychological correlates of this improvement in those with functional bowel disorders. Patients and Methods: We recruited 478 consecutive premenopausal adult females with no indication of gynecologic or psychiatric disease, who were attending an outpatient functional bowel disorders clinic. Patients completed a Rome III questionnaire, psychological evaluation stool form, and a 10-point Likert scale for constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain. These patients underwent physiological tests, anorectal manometry, and colonic transit time and were classified according to the presence or the absence of improvement in defecation during menses. The reverse selection procedure was used for model selection during multivariate logistic regression where statistically significant variables (p < 0.01) remained in the adjusted model. Results: Ninety-seven patients (20%) reported easier defecation during menstruation. These patients were younger (p < 0.001) but had similar body mass indices and psychological profiles as the other patients. Clinically, they only reported more frequent irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with constipation (p = 0.007), with harder stools (p = 0.005) and delayed left colon transit time (p = 0.002). No anorectal manometric parameter was different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Improvement of constipation during menses is mainly associated with younger age and constipation-IBS phenotype and not with functional constipation.
Transferring the quantum state of electrons across a Fermi sea with Coulomb interaction

The Coulomb interaction generally limits the quantum propagation of electrons. However, it can also provide a mechanism to transfer their quantum state over larger distances. Here, we demonstrate such a form of teleportation, across a metallic island within which the electrons are trapped much longer than their quantum lifetime. This effect originates from the low temperature freezing of the island's charge $Q$ which, in the presence of a single connected electronic channel, enforces a one-to-one correspondence between incoming and outgoing electrons. Such high-fidelity quantum state imprinting is established between well-separated injection and emission locations, through two-path interferences in the integer quantum Hall regime. The added electron quantum phase of $2\pi Q/e$ can allow for strong and decoherence-free entanglement of propagating electrons, and notably of flying qubits.
Losses of carbon from mineral-associated soil organic matter pools in podzolic horizons following soil climatic changes associated with forest clear-cut harvesting

xiv List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used . xv Acknowledgements . xvii Chapter