Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Source and effects of sodium in solution‐processed kesterite solar cells

Based on solution‐processed kesterite‐type Cu2ZnSn(S1–x,Sex)4 solar cells, a detailed investigation of the source and effects of sodium in the absorber will be presented. In contrast to most investigations in literature so far, the main process for sodium supply during selenization does not seem to be the diffusion out of the sodium‐containing glass substrate but a transfer from the environment into the absorber. Studies on the influence of sodium on the morphological properties of the absorbers let us assume that the formation of big grains is not necessarily coupled to the presence of sodium during selenization. However, a beneficial effect on the electrical properties can mainly be seen in the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) which should be related to an increase in doping concentration (NA).
Establishment of in vitro regeneration protocol for Adhatoda vasica Nees

An in vitro regeneration protocol of Adhatoda vasica has been developed using excised nodal segments and juvenile leaves for multiple shoots regeneration directly or through callus induction. Explants were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of IAA, NAA, BAP, GA 3 and Kn singly or in combinations. MS medium supplemented with BAP (10.0 mg/l) was found best for multiple shoot formation, in which 93.33% explants produced multiple shoots. After two months, maximum number of multiple shoots were 10.6 ± 1.82, highest length of plantlets was 5.2 ± 2.20 cm. 100% calli formation were observed on MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.05 mg/l) + NAA (0.05 mg/l) + BAP (1.0 mg/l). Callus initiation started after 14 days and gave light green colored callus. Best callus mediated shoot regeneration was found on MS+10.0 mg/l BAP medium. Root induction of in vitro raised shoots was best on ½ MS + IBA (1.0 mg/l). Well rooted plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing garden soil and compost in a ratio of 2:1 for hardening. The ultimate survival rate under natural condition was about 80%. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1) , 75-80, 2016
Predictive value of immunological markers in systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a collagenosis characterized by excessive deposition of collagen in the skin and viscera, in a background of immune disorder. The immunological profile of SSc often shows elevated levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). However, many authors have identified cases of SSc having normal ANA levels, framed as paraneoplastic SSc. Among patients with negative ANAs in our group, we did not identify any neoplastic process that could support this hypothesis. The extended detection of autoantibodies is extremely useful in establishing the subset of SSc. Thus, anti-Scl70 antibodies are specific for the diffuse subset of SSc, while anticentromere antibodies (ACAs) have specificity for a limited subset. However, studies have shown the existence of cases of diffuse SSc having high titers of ACAs and cases of limited SSc with high titers of anti-Scl70 antibodies. This indicates an inconsistent association between the disease subset and the autoantibodies specific to each subset. Our study found a more balanced consistency between disease subsets and autoantibodies specific for each subset. Therefore, the percentages of patients having an immunological profile inconsistent with the subset of SSc, are lower than those found by other authors. This observation opens the perspective of larger studies on the immunological profile in SSc.
Particle-resolved direct numerical simulation of gas–solid dynamics in experimental fluidized beds

Particle-resolved direct numerical simulations (PR-DNS) of a simplified experimental shallow fluidized bed and a laboratory bubbling fluidized bed are performed by using immersed boundary method coupled with a soft-sphere model. Detailed information on gas flow and individual particles’ motion are obtained and analyzed to study the gas–solid dynamics. For the shallow bed, the successful predictions of particle coherent oscillation and bed expansion and contraction indicate all scales of motion in the flow are well captured by the PD-DNS. For the bubbling bed, the PR-DNS predicted time averaged particle velocities show a better agreement with experimental measurements than those of the computational fluid dynamics coupled with discrete element models (CFD-DEM), which further validates the predictive capability of the developed PR-DNS. Analysis of the PR-DNS drag force shows that the prevailing CFD-DEM drag correlations underestimate the particle drag force in fluidized beds. The particle mobility effect on drag correlation needs further investigation. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 1917–1932, 2016
Gas-phase manufacturing of nanoparticles: Molecular dynamics and mesoscale simulations

ABSTRACT Particle technology is used routinely for gas-phase (aerosol) manufacturing of carbon black, fumed SiO2, pigmentary TiO2, filamentary Ni, and ZnO for rubber vulcanization as well as for advanced materials (e.g., photocatalysts, nanofluids, and biomaterials) with a number of functionalities and high-performance applications. Aerosol processes offer distinct advantages in large-scale synthesis (tons/h) of such nanostructured commodities and facilitate particle handling and the formation of materials of high purity (e.g., optical fibers) with unique morphology. Furthermore, they allow more rigorous process design than in liquid-phase production of particles. Such nanostructures consist of clusters of primary particles (PPs) that are formed by chemical reactions, condensation/evaporation, or surface growth and grow further by sintering and coagulation. Depending on process conditions and particle residence time, coagulation and sintering (or partial coalescence) result in either aggregates (PPs held together by strong chemical bonds) which are attractive in catalysis, lightguide preforms, and electronics and/or agglomerates (PPs held together by rather weak, physical forces) that are attractive in nanocomposites, pigments, and liquid suspensions. This article gives an overview of recent advances in aerosol particle formation, crystalline structure, and process design optimization, highlighting the effect of dynamically evolving agglomerate structure on product characteristics.
Parmacokinetics of bacalin and berberine Gonglao Quhuo tablets in rats

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of baicalin and berberine in plasma,which as major index components in Gonglao Quhuo tablets,study of baicalin and berberine in rats in vivo to discuss the effect on pharmacokinetic.METHODS After intragastic administration of Gonglao Quhuo tablets,the plasma was collected at different times from untreated to treated groups for 24 h,and then baicalin and berberine concentration in rat plasma were determined.The data were calculated with 3p97 software,and then compared with pertinent literature.RESULTS The liner range of baicalin and berberine were 0.061-3.91 μg·ml-1(r=0.9997)and 0.017-1.06 μg·ml-1(r=0.9999),respectively.The lower limit of quantitation(LLOQ)of baicalin and berberine were 0.061 μg·ml-1 and 0.017 μg·ml-1,with accuracy and precision conformed to the requirement of biological specimen analysis.The distribution of bacailin and berberine in rats were conformed to be a two-compartment model and one-compartment model,respectively.The important pharmacokinetic parameters of baicalin:K21 was 0.740±0.30 1/h,K10 was 0.143±0.035 1/h,K12 was 1.26±0.8 1/h,t1/2β and t1/2α were 13.5±1.0 h and 0.40±0.18 h,Tmax was 0.352±0.086 h,Cmax was 0.940±0.18 μg·ml-1,respectively.The important pharmacokinetic parameters of berberine:t1/2(Ke)was 3.65±0.69 h,t1/2(Ka)was 0.073±0.019 h,t1/2(Km)was 0.076±0.022 h,Tmax was 0.605±0.12 h,Cmax was 0.254±059 μg·ml-1,respectively.CONCLUSION The established method was simple and suitable for determination of plasma concentration of baicalin and berberine.Their pharmacokinetics were influened by the medication form and the components of the TCM.
Determination of freezing points and amounts of impurity in hydrocarbons from freezing and melting curves

Simple tim.e-temperature freezing and melting curves are analyzed, and a procedure is outlined for determining from them the freezing point of a given substance and the amount of impurity in it, The procedure was applied to a number of different known solutions of hydrocarbons ranging from 0.006 to 0.115 mole fraction in concentration of solute. For the systems examined, it was found that the values for the freezing point of a given substance obtained from both freezing and melting curves were always in accord within their respective limits of uncertainty, and that the estimated amount of impurity was in error by not more than about 10 percent of itself, on the average. CONTENTS Page I. IntroductioD ___ ________ ______ __ ___ ________________ __ ____ ____ ____ 591 II. Theoretical part _______ _____ ____ ____ ____ ______ ______ ______ _______ 592 1. Thermodynamic relation involved ______________ ___ . _________ 592 2. Determination of the freezing point____ __ ____________ ______ 594 3. Estimation of the amount of impurity _____ __ ____ __ ___ __ _____ 598 III. Experimental part ___ __ ______________ ___ ____________ ___ ____ ______ 605 1. Apparatus ___ _____________ ______ ________ __ ________ _______ 605 2. Attainment of equilibrium ___________________ ___ ____ __ ____ _ 607 3. Determination of the freezing point ______________ ____ ___ ____ 609 4. Estimation of the amount of impurity ___ _____ __ ____ _________ 614 IV. Conclusion ____________________ __ ___ ____ ___ _____________________ 618 V. References ___________________________________ ____ _______________ 619
Photodynamic Inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by PHEMA Films Loaded with Rose Bengal: Potentiation Effect of Potassium Iodide

Four formulations have been used to produce different poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) thin films, containing singlet oxygen photosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB). The polymers have been characterized employing Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and UV-vis Absorption Spectroscopy. When irradiated with white light (400–700 nm) films generated singlet oxygen (1O2), as demonstrated by the reactivity with 1O2 trap 9,10-dimethylanthracene (DMA). Material with the highest RB loading (polymer A4, 835 nmol RB/g polymer) was able to perform up to ten cycles of DMA oxygenation reactions at high conversion rates (ca. 90%). Polymer A4 was also able to produce the complete eradication of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa planktonic suspension of 8 log10 CFU/mL, when irradiated with white light (total dose 72 J/cm2). The antimicrobial photodynamic effect was remarkably enhanced by adding potassium iodide (100 mM). In such conditions the complete bacterial reduction occurred with a total light dose of 24 J/cm2. Triiodide anion (I3−) generation was confirmed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. This species was detected inside the PHEMA films after irradiation and at concentrations ca. 1 M. The generation of this species and its retention in the matrix imparts long-lasting bactericidal effects to the RB@PHEMA polymeric hydrogels. The polymers here described could find potential applications in the medical context, when optimized for their use in everyday objects, helping to prevent bacterial contagion by contact with surfaces.
Running title: SEXUAL MATURITY IN Macrobrachium amazonicum Academy Section: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

The size at the onset of sexual maturity (SOM) was determined in four hololimnetic populations of Macrobrachium amazonicum using morphometric, physiological and functional criteria. Male prawns from two populations analyzed had hypertrophied chelipeds and large body proportions, showing the presence of four morphotypes, i.e. large-size phenotype (LS). However, the other two populations showed smaller males without morphotypes, i.e. small-size phenotype (SS). The development of sexual weapons in males modulated the mating system and SOM in this species. It was verified that there is a synchrony between physiological and functional maturities in SS males. On the other hand, functional maturity in LS males occurred after physiological and morphological maturities. In females, we verified synchronization between morphological and functional maturities. The results obtained indicated that, in both sexes, physiological maturity anticipates the others criteria. There were no differences between the sequential scheme of sexual maturity for female phenotypes, being: physiological → functional ≅ morphological. However, the evaluation of sexual maturity in males must take into account the phenotype of population, since that was modulated by functional maturity. The sequential scheme for LS males is: physiological → morphological → functional, while for SS males it is: physiological = functional →
Fabrication of mixed-matrix membrane containing metal–organic framework composite with task-specific ionic liquid for efficient CO2 separation

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) have exhibited advantages in membrane-based gas separation in recent years, however, there is still intensive demand for the development of a proper method to design effective fillers to further enhance the gas separation performance of MMMs. In this work, a nanoporous material to selectively facilitate CO2 transport was proposed through the loading of a task-specific ionic liquid (TSIL) into a metal–organic framework (MOF). [C3NH2bim][Tf2N] and NH2-MIL-101(Cr) were selected as a demonstrative TSIL and MOF, respectively. The amine-containing TSIL worked as a selective CO2 transport carrier, which can be beneficial for the improvement of CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity. Simultaneously, NH2-MIL-101(Cr) is an appropriate porous host material that can control the good dispersion of TSIL and can effectively expose more active adsorption sites of the TSIL. Meanwhile, the amine-containing porous MOF is helpful for rapid CO2 transport and further increases the CO2 permeability. We further incorporated the porous composite into PIM-1 to fabricate MMMs with different loadings. The prepared TSIL@NH2-MIL-101(Cr)/PIM-1 membrane exhibits largely improved gas permeability and selectivity for CO2/N2 separation, with CO2 permeation values of 2979 Barrer and a CO2/N2 separation selectivity of 37 at 5 wt% loading. Compared with NH2-MIL-101(Cr)/PIM-1 and PIM-1 membranes, the CO2/N2 separation selectivity was increased by 116% and 119%, respectively, at the same loading.
Micronutrient requirements and effects on cellular growth of acetic acid bacteria involved in vinegar production

Abstract This study aimed to verify the need for minerals and vitamins to increase the production of cell mass by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) isolated from the vinegar industry (086/06) and standard strain (Acetobacter aceti CCT 2565). Five minerals (Mo, B, Zn, Fe, and Mn) and eight vitamins (p-aminobenzoic acid, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, cyanocobalamin, and inositol) were tested in a fractional factorial design. To prepare the inoculum, different compositions of MYP (mannitol, yeast, and peptone) medium were tested. The most adequate medium was mannitol 25 g/L, yeast extract 0.625 g/L, and peptone 0.375 g/L. Through contour curves, it was determined that strain 086/06 needed supplementation with minerals Mo, B and Mn and vitamins p-aminobenzoic acid, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin. Standard strain CCT 2565 needed supplementation of all minerals and vitamins studied, except inositol. The lower requirement of micronutrients for high cell multiplication of the 086/06 strain may be related to the adaptation of strain 086/06 to industrial production conditions.
Progress of fuel cell perfluorosulfonic acid membrane

It is concerned that perfluorosulfonic acid(PFSA) membranes are the most critical components of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC). In this article,the current status and development progress of PFSA membranes are briefly described.Some critical problems for commercial PFSA membranes,such as low proton conductivity at high temperatures and high osmosis of fuel,are discussed.Finally,combining our own researches,the development of methods for improving the PFSA membranes performances is reviewed.
Dextromethorphan reduces immediate and late postoperative analgesic requirements and improves patients' subjective scorings after epidural lidocaine and general anesthesia

Central N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors modulate postoperative pain. We compared the effects of preincision oral dextromethorphan (DM), an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, on postoperative IV patient-controlled analgesia morphine demand and on subjective variables in 80 patients undergoing lower-body procedures who were randomly assigned to epidural lidocaine (LA; 16 mL, 1.6%) or general anesthesia (GA). The patients were premedicated 90 min before surgery with placebo or DM 90 mg (20 patients per group) in a double-blinded manner. Postoperative IV patient-controlled analgesia morphine administration started when subjective pain intensity was > or =4 of 10 (visual analog scale) and lasted 2 h. Observation continued up to 3 days, during which patients could use diclofenac. LA-DM and GA-DM patients required 45%-50% less morphine and diclofenac compared with their placebo counterparts (P < 0.001). However, GA-DM patients made twice as many attempts to self-administer morphine as LA-DM patients (P = 0.005). Eight LA-DM versus two GA-DM patients (P < 0.01) used no morphine or diclofenac. All DM patients experienced significantly (P < 0.001) less pain, were less sedated, and felt better than their placebo counterparts; however, compared with placebo, DM improved subjective scorings in the GA patients more significantly (P < 0.05) than in the LA patients. We conclude that oral DM 90 mg in patients undergoing surgery under LA or GA reduces morphine and diclofenac use by approximately 50% in the immediate and late postoperative period compared with placebo. Subjectively scored levels of pain, sedation, and well-being were better as well.
Characterizing Complications of Deep Brain Stimulation Devices for the Treatment of Parkinsonian Symptoms Without Tremor: A Federal MAUDE Database Analysis

Introduction Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a modality of treatment for medication refractory Parkinson’s disease (PD) in patients with debilitating motor symptoms. While potentially life-changing for individuals with Parkinson’s disease, characterization of adverse events for these DBS devices have not yet been systematically organized. Therefore, the goal of this study was to characterize reported complications of DBS devices reported to the Food & Drug Administration over the last 10 years. Methods The Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database was utilized to retrieve entries reported under “Stimulator, Electrical, Implanted, For Parkinsonian Symptoms” between July 31, 2010 and August 1, 2020. After removing duplicate entries, each unique adverse event reported was sorted into complication categories based on the entries’ provided narrative description. A final tabulation of complications was generated. Results The search query revealed 221 unique adverse events. The most common DBS devices were the Vercise Gevia, Vercise Cartesia and Vercise PC produced by Boston Scientific (Marlborough, MA, USA). The most commonly reported complications were infection (16.2%) follow by lead migrations (8.6%). Other common causes of complications were circuit-related impedance (6.5%), cerebral bleeds (6.3%), device failure (6.3%) and device-related trauma (4.5%). Over a third (40%) of all devices reported with adverse events required returning to the operating room for explant or revision. Conclusion The most common complications of DBS systems are infections followed by lead migrations. Further research is needed to minimize infection rates associated with DBS systems and to reduce intrinsic device malfunctions for patients in the future.
Determination of Pd Ia and Pd II in Peucedanum praeruptorum by GC

OBJECTIVE To establish a GC method for the determination of the contents of Pd Ⅰa and Pd Ⅱ in roots of Peucedanum Praeruptorum.METHODS The determination was performed on a silica capillary SE 30(0.25 μm 0.22 mm×25 m)column by FID detector;with n C 25 H 52 as the internal standard.RESULTS The standard curves of Pd Ⅰa and Pd Ⅱ were linear over the range from 0.175 μg to 1.919 μg( r =0.9995) and 0.086 μg to 0.950 μg ( r =0.9996),respectively.The average recoveries were (98.28±2.07)% for Pd Ⅰa and (99.58±2.44)% for Pd Ⅱ. Compared with HPLC,there was no significant difference in the results between GC and HPLC.CONCLUSION The method appeared to be simple,sensitive,rapid and accurate and can be used for the quality control of Chinese medicine Qianhu.
DMSO_A_308390 2581..2593

1Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
Dynamics of cold molecules in electromagnetic ﬁelds

The research field of cold and ultracold atoms and molecules is rapidly growing and expanding into different areas of research such as quantum information science and condensed matter physics. The success of this field is due to the possibility of precisely controlling and manipulating atoms and molecules at low temperatures. The progress in this field relies on the development of new methods for controlling collisional dynamics and interactions of particles with electromagnetic fields. This Thesis describes research on modification of the collisional dynamics of ultracold atoms and molecules by external laser and microwave fields as well as new methods for the detection of weak electromagnetic fields. First, we study the scattering of atoms and molecules confined in a 2D geometry by optical lattices. In particular we develop a theory for scattering in 2D and derive the equations for the threshold dependence of the collision cross sections. We show that inelastic processes and chemical reactions can be suppressed under strong confinement in one dimension and can be controlled by varying the orientation of the external field with respect to the plane of confinement. Next, we present a rigorous theory of low-temperature molecular collisions in the presence of a microwave field. The microwave field can theoretically be used to trap and control polar molecules. The molecular collisions may lead to trap loss and decoherence. We develop a rigorous quantum theory for molecular scattering in the presence of microwave fields. We study inelastic, spin-changing molecular collisions and Feshbach resonances in the presence of microwave fields. We demonstrate that inelastic collisions accompanied by absorption of microwave photons can be significant. The detection of weak electromagnetic fields is very important for various ap-