Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of awareness of pharmacy profession as a career among secondary school students in Kaduna state, Nigeria

Background: Pharmacists play prominent roles in the health care system and enjoy a wide variety of inter-related careers, placing them among the high-ranking health professionals. Aim: To assess the awareness of pharmacy as a career among secondary school students in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in secondary schools located in the Zaria and Giwa educational zones in Kaduna state, Nigeria; a sample of 278 students completed a 26-item questionnaire. Results: The respondents displayed a fair knowledge of pharmacy (mean score of 9.8 out of 20), with significant differences in awareness observed between males and females (p=0.026), students from private and public schools (p<0.001), and those from schools located in urban and rural areas (p<0.001). Conclusion: The students had a fair knowledge of pharmacy careers and pharmacists' roles and characteristics.
The determination of the compressive stress-strain properties of concrete in flexure

Summary A description is given of an apparatus for the determination of the compressive stress-strain properties of concrete in flexure, based on the principle developed by the Portland Cement Association, The apparatus can be used in a standard universal testing machine with little or no modification. The relatively small size of the test specimen is convenient and economical, especially when materials for models are being tested. A theoretical analysis is developed which enables the distribution of the stress in the concrete to be determined across the section without reference to the magnitude of the strain. If a value is assumed/or the strain at any one stage of loading, the theoretical strains at all other stages may be determined. Comparison is made between the theoretical strains and the experimental strains obtained during a test on a concrete prism.
Design and evaluation of new power management methods to reduce direct and induced energy use of the internet

The amount of electricity consumed by devices connected to the Internet in the U.S. has rapidly increased and now amounts to over 2% of total electricity used, which is about 74 TWh/yr costing over $6 billion annually. This energy use can be categorized as direct and induced. Much of this energy powers idle links, switches, and network-connected hosts and is thus wasted. This dissertation contains the first-ever investigation into the energy efficiency of Ethernet networks. A method for matching Ethernet link data rate with link utilization, called Adaptive Link Rate (ALR), is designed and evaluated. ALR consists of a mechanism to change the link data rate and a policy to determine when to change the data rate. The focus of this dissertation is on the analysis and simulation evaluation of two ALR policies. The simplest ALR policy uses output buffer thresholds to determine when to change data rate. This policy is modeled using a Markov chain. A specific challenge was modeling a state-dependent service rate queue with rate transition only at service completion. This policy was shown to be unstable in some cases, and an improved policy based on explicit utilization measurement was investigated. This more complex policy was evaluated using simulation. A synthetic traffic generator was developed to create realistic synthetic network traffic traces for the simulation evaluation. Finally, an improved method for detecting long idle periods using quantile estimation was investigated. Characterization of network traffic showed that proxying by a low power device for a high power device is feasible. A prototype proxy for a Web server was developed and studied. To maintain TCP connections during sleep time periods of a host, a new split TCP connection method was designed. The split connection method was prototyped and shown to be invisible to a telnet session.
Aeroelastic stability characteristics of a composite swept wing withtip weights for an unrestrained vehicle

An analytical investigation to determine aeroelastic flutter and divergence behavior of a composite, forwardswept rectangular wing was conducted. It is assumed that the wing is carrying a fuselage at its semispan, a pylon at the wing tip, and that the aircraft is in a free-flight condition (unrestrained vehicle). The influence, due to the variation in the bending-torsion stiffness coupling of the tailored wing on the flutter and divergence critical dynamic pressure, is analyzed. The paper discusses the influence of the warping effect on the system's flutter and divergence velocities. The aeroelastic stability behavior of the system is obtained by applying an optimization procedure that solves exactly the coupled bending-torsion equations of motion for the unrestrained swept-wing aircraft. The results of the present study indicate that the warping effect significantly influences the system's aeroelastic characteristics.
Epistemic Foundations of Salience-Based Coordination

This paper aims to assess current theoretical findings on the origin of coordination by salience and suggests a way to clarify the existing framework. The main concern is to reveal how different coordination mechanisms rely on specific epistemic aspects of reasoning. The paper highlights the fact that basic epistemic assumptions of theories diverge in a way that makes them essentially distinctive. Consequently, recommendations and predictions of the traditional views of coordination by salience are, in principle, based on the processes related to the agent’s presumptions regarding the cognitive abilities of a co-player. This finding implies that we should consider these theories as complementary, and not competitive, explanations of the same phenomenon.
Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers among Chinese population: A prospective cohort study

Our study aims to explore the relationship between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including liver, gastric, gallbladder or extrahepatic bile duct, pancreatic, small intestine, esophageal and colorectal cancer in the Kailuan Cohort study. We prospectively examined the relationship between HBV infection and new‐onset GI cancers among 93 402 participants. Cox proportional hazards regression models, subgroup analyses and competing risk analyses were used to evaluate the association between HBV infection and the risk of new‐onset GI cancers. During a median follow‐up of 13.02 years, 1791 incident GI cancer cases were diagnosed. Compared to HBsAg seronegative participants, a significant positive association between HBV infection and GI cancers was observed in the multivariate‐adjusted models (HR 5.59, 95% CI: 4.84‐6.45). In the site‐specific analyses, participants with HBsAg seropositive exhibited an increased risk of liver cancer (HR = 21.56, 95% CI: 17.32‐26.85), gallbladder or extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR = 14.89, 95% CI: 10.36‐21.41), colorectal cancer (HR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.15‐2.96) and pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.10‐3.99). After taking death as the competing risk event, the associations of HBV infection with the risk of these cancers were attenuated but remained significant both in the cause‐specific hazards models, the subdistribution proportional hazards models and sensitivity analyses. Our study suggests that HBV infection is associated with the elevated risk of liver cancer and extrahepatic cancer including gallbladder or extrahepatic bile duct, pancreatic and colorectal cancer among adults in Northern China.
Assessing Patient-Specific Microwave Breast Imaging in Clinical Case Studies

Microwave breast imaging has seen increasing use in clinical investigations in the past decade with over eight systems having being trialled with patients. The majority of systems use radar-based algorithms to reconstruct the image shown to the clinician which requires an estimate of the dielectric properties of the breast to synthetically focus signals to reconstruct the image. Both simulated and experimental studies have shown that, even in simplified scenarios, misestimation of the dielectric properties can impair both the image quality and tumour detection. Many methods have been proposed to address the issue of the estimation of dielectric properties, but few have been tested with patient images. In this work, a leading approach for dielectric properties estimation based on the computation of many candidate images for microwave breast imaging is analysed with patient images for the first time. Using five clinical case studies of both healthy breasts and breasts with abnormalities, the advantages and disadvantages of computational patient-specific microwave breast image reconstruction are highlighted.
Attitudes of Saudi Non-English Major Students Towards Learning English

The present study aims at investigating the attitudes of Saudi non-English major students towards learning English at the University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia. In addition, the study attempts to identify how the students view the culture of English, English native speakers, and the importance of English in the present time. The data were collected from 80 Saudi non-English major students at the University of Bisha through a three-point Likert scale questionnaire with 13 closed-ended items. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS. The results of this study show that the students have overall positive attitudes towards learning English. Apart from this, it was found that the students are aware of the importance of English in the present time. Interestingly, the students reflected positive attitudes towards the culture of English and English native speakers. Finally, some implications for teachers and recommendations for future research are presented.
comunicación publicitaria online en el Grado en Publicidad y RR.PP.

Corporate and advertising communication through digital media have become an essential part in company and brand communication strategies. The present research focuses on studying the inclusion of subjects related to the study of digital marketing and online advertising in the curriculum of the degree in advertising and public relations, in order to see its adaptation to a changing professional reality that increasingly requires communicators trained in the field of digital communication.
Compositions of first flush and composite storm water runoff in small urban and rural watersheds, north-central Texas

The objective of this study was to evaluate chemical compositions of first flush and composite storm water runoff in four small, mixed land use watersheds in north-central Texas. The watersheds range from urban to rural, all discharging to a local lake providing aquatic habitat, recreation, flood control and drinking water. Automated devices near watershed outlets collected samples from seven storm events, from April 2001 to September 2003. Samples were analyzed for suspended solids, pesticides (diazinon, triazine and chlorpyrifos), nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), fecal coliforms and metals. Observed concentrations of most parameters were low relative to drinking water maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and aquatic life criteria. Fecal coliforms and lead were detected in most samples, with highest lead concentrations in the most developed watershed, likely influenced by building material and automobile traffic. Pesticide concentrations were higher in an initial spring storm event following applications to control weeds and insects. Typical of urban runoff, most ammonia and phosphorus observations exceeded freshwater criteria for streams draining to lakes. Treated wastewater effluent accounted for the highest nitrogen and phosphorus observations. For most constituents, composite concentrations exceeded first flush concentrations, though differences were significant only for fecal coliforms.
What Predicts Job Quality of Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision?

The U.S. Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act emphasizes promoting high-quality, competitive employment for people served by vocational rehabilitation (VR), but few studies have assessed VR consumers’ job quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate job quality and factors that predict the job quality for VR consumers with blindness or low vision (B/LV), taking into consideration their employment status at application. We utilized RSA-911 data of VR consumers with B/LV who were closed in competitive employment during 2015, creating two separate hierarchical linear models to predict job quality for VR consumers (a) who were employed at application and (b) who were not employed at application. We investigated individual-level (consumer personal characteristics and VR services) and state/agency-level predictors. Job quality and some predictors of job quality differed by employment status at application, although the strongest predictors (education level at application, gender, benefit receipt at application, receipt of a bachelor’s or higher degree) were consistent across the models. While several additional individual-level variables were significantly associated with job quality, their effect sizes were very small. With the exception of advancing education to a bachelor’s degree or higher while receiving services, consumer characteristics at application were the primary determinants of their job quality.
Theoretical and experimental characterization of transient electromagnetic fields radiated by electrostatic discharge (ESD) currents

The problem of the evaluation of the electromagnetic (EM) field radiated by an electrostatic discharge (ESD) current is examined, and an efficient numerical code for the evaluation of the radiated field is developed. The considered radiating structures, a monopole and a loop, are analyzed in the time domain using a modified electric field integral equation (EFIE). A modification of the integral equation was introduced in order to take into account the reflection of the incident pulse at the input terminals of the antenna, when fed by a transmission line. The reflected wave is very significant and its evaluation is fundamental for the comparison of theoretical and experimental data. The ESD current flowing along the wire is determined using the method of moments in time domain (MoMTD). From the knowledge of the transient current, the radiated EM field is evaluated by a standard technique. The developed model is the first stage of a project for the characterization of the measurement environment during an ESD test. All numerical results are validated by measurements and good agreement is shown.
Combinatorial Natural Killer Cell–based Immunotherapy Approaches Selectively Target Chordoma Cancer Stem Cells

Chordoma is a rare tumor derived from notochord remnants that has a propensity to recur and metastasize despite conventional multimodal treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are implicated in chordoma's resistant and recurrent behavior; thus, strategies that target CSCs are of particular interest. Using in vitro cytotoxicity models, we demonstrated that anti-programmed death ligand 1 (anti–PD-L1; N-601) and anti-EGFR (cetuximab) antibodies enhanced lysis of chordoma cells by healthy donor and chordoma patient NK cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Treatment of NK cells with an IL15 superagonist complex (N-803) increased their cytotoxicity against chordoma cells, which was further enhanced by treatment with N-601 and/or cetuximab. PD-L1–targeted chimeric antigen receptor NK cells (PD-L1 t-haNKs) were also effective against chordoma cells. CSCs were preferentially vulnerable to NK-cell killing in the presence of N-601 and N-803. Flow cytometric analysis of a chordoma CSC population showed that CSCs expressed significantly more NK-activating ligand B7-H6 and PD-L1 than non-CSCs, thus explaining a potential mechanism of selective targeting. These data suggest that chordoma may be effectively targeted by combinatorial NK cell–mediated immunotherapeutic approaches and that the efficacy of these approaches in chordoma and other CSC-driven tumor types should be investigated further in clinical studies. Significance: Combinatory immunotherapy using NK-mediated approaches demonstrates robust antitumor activity in preclinical models of chordoma and selectively targets chordoma CSCs.
Simulation of caisson breakwater movement using 2-D SPH

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is used to simulate the movement of a caisson breakwater in the surf zone. The open-source code SPHysics is used with a Riemann solver-based formulation. The friction force between the moving caisson and the bed is modelled with a transition from static to dynamic friction force. Results are presented for two-dimensional simulations and compared with experiments for the movement of a caisson breakwater under the forcing of periodic waves. Promising agreement with experimental data is obtained for the displacement and the horizontal forces on the caisson. It is demonstrated that the peak impact forces are better captured using finer resolution and that a Riemann solver-based formulation produces a better agreement with experiment for the predicted caisson displacement than conventional SPH.
Leaf trait modification in European beech trees in response to climatic and edaphic drought.

Leaf morphological and physiological traits control the carbon and water relations of mature trees and are determinants of drought tolerance, but it is not well understood how they are modified in response to water deficits. We analysed five sun-canopy leaf traits (mean leaf size (LS), specific leaf area (SLA), Huber value (HV), water potential at turgor loss point (Ψtlp ) and foliar carbon isotope signature (δ13 C)) in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) across three precipitation gradients sampled in moist (2010), dry (2019) and very dry (2018) summers, and tested their response to short-term water deficits (climatic water balance (CWB) preceding sample collection) and long-term water availability (mean annual precipitation (MAP), plant-available soil water capacity (AWC) and neighbourhood competition). Across the 34 sites, LS varied seven-fold (3.9-27.0 cm2 ), SLA four-fold (77.1-306.9 cm²·g-1 ) and HV six-fold (1.0-6.65 cm2 ·m-2 ). In the 2018 dataset, LS showed a negative and HV a positive relationship to MAP, which contradicts relations found in multi-species samples. Average Ψtlp ranged from -1.90 to -2.62 MPa and decreased across the sites with decreasing CWB in the month prior to measurement, as well as with decreasing MAP and AWC in 2019. Studied leaf traits varied considerably between years, suggesting that mast fruiting and the severe 2018 drought caused the formation of smaller leaves. We conclude that sun-canopy leaf traits of European beech exhibit considerable plasticity in response to climatic and edaphic aridity, and that osmotic adjustment may be an important element in the drought response strategy of this anisohydric tree species.
The relationship of COVID‐19 traumatic stress, cumulative trauma, and race to posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms

Abstract The purpose of this study was to test if coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) traumatic stress predicts posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after cumulative trauma and whether there is a three‐way interaction between COVID‐19 traumatic stress, cumulative trauma, and race in the prediction of PTSD. Using a cross‐sectional design, a diverse sample of 745 participants completed measures of cumulative trauma, COVID‐19 traumatic stress, and PTSD. COVID‐19 traumatic stress accounted for a significant amount of the variance in PTSD above and beyond cumulative trauma. A significant interaction effect was found, indicating that the effect of COVID‐19 traumatic stress in predicting PTSD varied as a function of cumulative trauma and that the effects of that interaction were different for Asians and Whites. There were generally comparable associations between COVID‐19 traumatic stress and PTSD at low and high levels of cumulative trauma across most racial groups. However, for Asians, higher levels of cumulative trauma did not worsen the PTSD outcome as a function of COVID Traumatic Stress but did at low levels of cumulative trauma.
Sustainable Mountain-Based Health and Wellness Tourist Destinations: The Interrelationships between Tourists’ Satisfaction, Behavioral Intentions, and Competitiveness

As mountain-based health and wellness tourism increases, destination competitiveness becomes ever fiercer. The pre-visit expectations and post-visit perceptions of tourists and the tourists’ behavioral intentions are related to the competitiveness of mountain-based health and wellness tourist destinations. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), we explored the factors that affect destination competitiveness and its relationships with tourism satisfaction and tourists’ behavioral intentions to return to and to recommend the location to others. We used a questionnaire for data collection from 550 tourists who visited a mountain-based health and wellness tourist destination in Panzhihua, China. The results suggested that there is an indirect positive correlation between tourists’ satisfaction and destination competitiveness, as well as a direct positive correlation between behavioral intentions and destination competitiveness, illustrating that tourist behavioral intentions can be an important factor in destination competitiveness. In the case of Panzhihua, the tourist source market in China has provided a competitive edge to this city. In addition, considering the environment’s capacity, developing an intention to return in tourists is important for tourism marketing in view of the increasing mountain-based health and wellness tourism competitiveness and concerns about sustainability.
Characteristics Of Patients Of Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis Thoracic, Cardiac And Vascular Surgery Subsection Thoracic In Dr. Mohammad Hoesin From 1 November 2019 To 30 November 2020

Background: Acute mediastinitis is an infection of the connective tissue of the interpleural mediastinal space. The infection may spread through the cervical spaces to the mediastinum, via negative intrathoracic pressure and gravity.1 Management of DNM with minimally invasive drainage, namely video-assisted thoracic surgical drainage (VATS),6 mediastinoscopy,7 and percutaneous catheter drainage,8,9 have been widely used. During early 1920s, data showed subsequent to broad-spectrum antibiotics, the mortality rate was about 40%. 12 Furthermore, without prompt diagnosis and aggressive surgery, the mortality rate can reach up to 60%. 13 Methods: This retrospective study has a descriptive research design. The number of samples is 19 subjects. Results: From January 1, 2019 to November 30, 2020 there were 19 DNM patients. In this study, most DNM patients were male, average age of 39 years, dental abscesses as the most common source of infection, neck exploration and sternotomy were the most common treatment option, most common outcome death, and the most common result of culture was Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion: Good non-operative and operative management can reduce mortality rate.