Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association between Chronicity of Migraine and Complementary and Alternative Medication Use: The Turkish Perspective

Background and Purpose: The term of Complementary and Alternative Medication (CAM) is described by patients as all types of practices to prevent or treat illnesses, which are not currently considered as a part of conventional medicine. Although the advance in treatment for migraine, some patients prefer CAM therapies due to their concerns about conventional therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between CAM use and chronicity of migraine among Turkish migraineurs. Methods: Consecutive episodic and chronic migraine patients were recruited. A questionnaire of a list of CAM modalities including traditional therapies specific to Turkish culture, which was constructed by researcher through a literature review was given to all participants. Patterns of CAM treatments and patients’ reluctance to share CAM use with their doctors were evaluated. Results: Sixty-nine patients with episodic migraine and 31 with chronic migraine enrolled in the study. Thirty-six patients reported that they had tried CAM at least once within the last year. Massage, exercise, acupuncture, holistic methods, herbalism, vitamins, psychotherapy, hypnose, cupping, and neural therapy were used. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were not differed in CAM users of both groups. Eighty-one per cent of CAM users stated that they preferred not to tell their doctors about their CAM use if not asked. Conclusions: Patterns of CAM use in Turkey for migraine differ from western practices. Due to fear of disapproval, patients tend to hide CAM use from their doctors. Exploring the CAM use among migraineurs is essential to prevent potential interactions of CAM therapies with conventional treatments.
Disease-Specific Comorbidity Clusters in COPD and Accelerated Aging

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer from multiple morbidities, which occur in clusters and are sometimes related to accelerated aging. This study aimed to assess the disease specificity of comorbidity clusters in COPD and their association with a biomarker of accelerated aging as a potential mechanistic factor. Methods: Body composition, metabolic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and psychological morbidities were objectively evaluated in 208 COPD patients (age 62 ± 7 years, 58% males, FEV1 50 ± 16% predicted) and 200 non-COPD controls (age 61 ± 7 years, 45% males). Based on their presence and severity, the morbidities were clustered to generate distinct clusters in COPD and controls. Telomere length in circulating leukocytes was compared across the clusters. Results: (co)morbidities were more prevalent in COPD patients compared to controls (3.9 ± 1.7 vs. 2.4 ± 1.5, p < 0.05). A “Psychologic” and “Cachectic” cluster were only present in the COPD population. “Less (co)morbidity”, “Cardiovascular”, and “Metabolic” clusters were also observed in controls, although with less complexity. Telomere length was reduced in COPD patients, but did not differ between the (co)morbidity clusters in both populations. Conclusions: Two COPD-specific comorbidity clusters, a “Cachectic” and “Psychologic” cluster, were identified and warrant further studies regarding their development. Accelerated aging was present across various multimorbidity clusters in COPD.
Relationships between Early Life Victimization, Antisocial Traits, and Sexual Violence: Executive Functioning as a Mediator

ABSTRACT Few research studies examine how the relationship between trauma and executive functioning can influence sexual violence among youth. Knight and Sims-Knight (2004) proposed a Developmental Etiological Theory (DET) connecting early life physical and sexual victimization to sexual violence via antisocial traits. Drawing from research that identifies a link between early life victimization and executive functioning, this study tests an adaptation to the DET by including executive functioning as an intervening factor. Using data on adolescents adjudicated of sexual and non-sexual crimes in a western state (N = 200), multiple structural equation models tested direct and indirect relationships between early life sexual, physical victimization, and other adversity, four differential forms of executive functioning, callousness, and sexual violence. Results revealed statistically significant direct pathways between variables of interest and a multi-meditational effect of certain forms of executive functioning and callousness in the relationship between victimization and sexual violence. Treatment and research implications are discussed.
Fungal keratitis in Songklanagarind Hospital

Objective: To evaluate spectrum of disease and risk factors associated with corneal complication. Design: Retrospective study Materials and methods : A total of 76 medical records of fungal culture-positive keratitis treated at Songklanagarind Hospital from 1982 to 2003 were reviewed. Factors associated with corneal complication were analyzed. Results: Mean age of this group was 46.4 ± 16.3 years. Fifty five patients (71%) were males. Before the initial symptoms, 50 patients (66%) had a history of eye trauma from several materials, such as leaves, branches, dust and sand. The median delay between the initial symptoms and fungal keratitis treatment was 13.5 days (range 3-87 days). The most common fungi found were Fusarium species (71%). The initial topical antifungal drugs most frequently used were amphotericin B, ketoconazole and natamycin. Corneal complications included corneal perforation and near total corneal infiltration requiring further surgery such as penetrating keratoplasty, evisceration and enucleation. Being female, poor initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and having a longer treatment delay had a higher risk of corneal complication. Conclusions: Fusarium species is the most common cause of fungal keratitis in southern Thailand. Ophthalmologists should be concerned about corneal complications among patients who are female, have poor initial BCVA and delay of treatment.
Cyclostrophic vortices in polar regions of rotating planets

Abstract. Multi-petal, rotating vortices can form in two-dimensional flows consisting of an inviscid incompressible fluid under certain conditions. Such vortices are principally nonlinear thermo-hydrodynamical structures. The proper rotation of these structures which leads to time-dependent variations of the associated temperature field can be enregistred by a stationary observer. The problem is analyzed in the framework of the contour dynamics method (CDM). An analytical solution of the reduced equation for a contour curvature is found. We give a classification of the solutions and compare the obtained results with observational data.
Prediction of Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Familial Observers of Patients with Dementia Based on Family Performance

1 MSc, Department of Nursing, Kamaali Hospital, Karaj, Iran 2 Associate Professor, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Nursing Education, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Instructor, Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran * Corresponding author: Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi, Associate Professor, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Nursing Education, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: nasringoodarzi87@yahoo.com
Large-scale Structure in CHILES Using DisPerSE

We demonstrate that the Discrete Persistent Source Extractor (DisPerSE) can be used with spectroscopic redshifts to define the cosmic web and its distance to galaxies in small-area deep fields. Here we analyze the use of DisPerSE to identify structure in observational data. We apply DisPerSE to the distribution of galaxies in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field and find the best parameters to identify filaments. We compile a catalog of 11,500 spectroscopic redshifts from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) G10 data release. We analyze two-dimensional slices, extract filaments, and calculate the distance for each galaxy to its nearest filament. We find that redder and more massive galaxies are closer to filaments. To study the growth of galaxies across cosmic time, and environment, we are carrying out an H i survey covering redshifts of z = 0–0.45, the COSMOS H i Large Extragalactic Survey (CHILES). In addition we present the predicted H i mass fraction as a function of distance to filaments for the spectroscopically known galaxies in CHILES. Lastly we discuss the cold gas morphology of a few individual galaxies and their positions with respect to the cosmic web. The identification of the cosmic web, and the ability of CHILES to study the resolved neutral hydrogen morphologies and kinematics of galaxies, will allow future studies of the properties of neutral hydrogen in different cosmic web environments across the redshift range of z = 0.1–0.45.
TRAO Survey of Nearby Filamentary Molecular Clouds, the Universal Nursery of Stars (TRAO FUNS). I. Dynamics and Chemistry of L1478 in the California Molecular Cloud

“TRAO FUNS” is a project to survey the Gould Belt’s clouds in molecular lines. This paper presents its first results on the central region of the California molecular cloud, L1478. We performed on-the-fly mapping observations using the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory 14 m single-dish telescope equipped with a 16 multibeam array covering a ∼1.0 square degree area of this region using C 18 O ( 1 – 0 ) , mainly tracing low-density clouds, and a ∼460 square arcminute area using N 2 H + ( 1 – 0 ) , mainly tracing dense cores. CS ( 2 – 1 ) and SO ( 3 2 – 2 1 ) were also used simultaneously to map a ∼440 square arcminute area of this region. We identified 10 filaments by applying the dendrogram technique to the C 18 O data cube and 8 dense N 2 H + cores using FellWalker. Basic physical properties of filaments such as mass, length, width, velocity field, and velocity dispersion are derived. It is found that L1478 consists of several filaments with slightly different velocities. Particularly, the filaments that are supercritical are found to contain dense cores detected in N 2 H + . A comparison of nonthermal velocity dispersions derived from C 18 O and N 2 H + for the filaments and dense cores indicates that some of the dense cores share kinematics similar to those of the surrounding filaments, while several dense cores have different kinematics from those of their filaments. This suggests that the formation mechanism of dense cores and filaments can be different in individual filaments depending on their morphologies and environments.
Atomic data from the IRON Project LXV. Electron-impact excitation of Fe6+

We present R-matrix results for the electron-impact excitation of Fe6+. The intermediate-coupling frame transformation (ICFT) method has been used to obtain level-resolved collision strengths. We then calculate effective collision strengths assuming a Maxwellian distribution for the incident electron velocities. A large configuration interaction (CI) expansion of 1896 LS terms (4776 fine-structure levels) is used to obtain an accurate target. This is reduced to 89 close-coupling (CC) terms (189 levels) for the scattering calculation. To investigate the importance of CI, we also perform a second calculation with the same CC expansion but a smaller CI expansion. We discuss the difficulties of such a comparison and look at which transitions show the most sensitivity to the CI expansion. Our effective collision strengths are compared with a previous IRON Project report (Berrington et al. 2000, A&A, 142, 313) for transitions within the ground configuration and a recent distorted wave calculation (Zeng et al. 2005, MNRAS, 357, 440) for transitions to excited configurations. We find good agreement with the results of the previous R-matrix calculation and with the high-temperature distorted-wave results for most transitions, although there are some significant differences at lower temperatures in the latter case.
Towards Adversarial Malware Detection

Malware still constitutes a major threat in the cybersecurity landscape, also due to the widespread use of infection vectors such as documents. These infection vectors hide embedded malicious code to the victim users, facilitating the use of social engineering techniques to infect their machines. Research showed that machine-learning algorithms provide effective detection mechanisms against such threats, but the existence of an arms race in adversarial settings has recently challenged such systems. In this work, we focus on malware embedded in PDF files as a representative case of such an arms race. We start by providing a comprehensive taxonomy of the different approaches used to generate PDF malware and of the corresponding learning-based detection systems. We then categorize threats specifically targeted against learning-based PDF malware detectors using a well-established framework in the field of adversarial machine learning. This framework allows us to categorize known vulnerabilities of learning-based PDF malware detectors and to identify novel attacks that may threaten such systems, along with the potential defense mechanisms that can mitigate the impact of such threats. We conclude the article by discussing how such findings highlight promising research directions towards tackling the more general challenge of designing robust malware detectors in adversarial settings.
Continuum line-of-sight percolation on Poisson–Voronoi tessellations

Abstract In this work, we study a new model for continuum line-of-sight percolation in a random environment driven by the Poisson–Voronoi tessellation in the d-dimensional Euclidean space. The edges (one-dimensional facets, or simply 1-facets) of this tessellation are the support of a Cox point process, while the vertices (zero-dimensional facets or simply 0-facets) are the support of a Bernoulli point process. Taking the superposition Z of these two processes, two points of Z are linked by an edge if and only if they are sufficiently close and located on the same edge (1-facet) of the supporting tessellation. We study the percolation of the random graph arising from this construction and prove that a 0–1 law, a subcritical phase, and a supercritical phase exist under general assumptions. Our proofs are based on a coarse-graining argument with some notion of stabilization and asymptotic essential connectedness to investigate continuum percolation for Cox point processes. We also give numerical estimates of the critical parameters of the model in the planar case, where our model is intended to represent telecommunications networks in a random environment with obstructive conditions for signal propagation.
Atomic data from the IRON Project - LVI. Electron excitation of Be-like Fe XXIII for the n = 2, 3, 4 configurations

Collision strengths for electron induced transitions in the beryllium-like ion Fe+22 are calculated using the intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) version of the R-matrix programs. Our target has 98 fine structure states 1 s(2) nl n'l' S LJ corresponding to n = 2 and n' = 2, 3, 4. The present calculation is for electron impact energies in the range 3.15 to 380 Ry. When T exceeds about ten million degrees one needs to take account of contributions to the thermally averaged collision strength Y coming from electrons with energies in excess of 380 Ry. We discuss a way of allowing for these contributions. Values of Y for all the transitions between the ground state and the excited states 1s(2) 2l n l n'l' S' L' J', with n' = 2, 3,4 are tabulated as a function of log T. The temperature range 6.3 less than or equal to log T less than or equal to 8.1 is centred on log T = 7.1 which is approximately where Fe+22 has maximum abundance in ionization equilibrium. To the best of our knowledge these are the first R-matrix calculations for Fe+22 for excitations to the n = 3, 4 levels. Good agreement with previous distored-wave calculations is found. However, the resonance contributions have an important effect on the effective collision strengths and in turn on the level populations.
The Masses of Supernova Remnant Progenitors in M83

We determine the ages of the young, resolved stellar populations at the locations of 237 optically identified supernova remnants in M83. These age distributions put constraints on the progenitor masses of the supernovae that produced 199 of the remnants. The other 38 show no evidence for having a young progenitor and are therefore good Type Ia SNR candidates. Starting from Hubble Space Telescope broadband imaging, we measured resolved stellar photometry of seven archival WFC3/UVIS fields in F336W, F438W, and F814W. We generate color–magnitude diagrams of the stars within 50 pc of each SNR and fit them with stellar evolution models to obtain the population ages. From these ages we infer the progenitor mass that corresponds to the lifetime of the most prominent age within the past 50 Myr. In this sample, there are 47 SNRs with best-fit progenitor masses >15 M⊙, and 5 of these are >15 M⊙ at 84% confidence. This is the largest collection of high-mass progenitors to date, including our highest-mass progenitor inference found so far, with a constraint of <8 Myr. Overall, the distribution of progenitor masses has a power-law index of , steeper than Salpeter initial mass function (−2.35). It remains unclear whether the reason for the low number of high-mass progenitors is due to the difficulty of finding and measuring such objects or because only a fraction of very massive stars produce supernovae.
No Evidence for Lunar Transit in New Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Kepler-1625 System

Observations of the Kepler-1625 system with Kepler and the Hubble Space Telescope have suggested the presence of a candidate exomoon, Kepler-1625b I, a Neptune-radius satellite orbiting a long-period Jovian planet. Here we present a new analysis of the Hubble observations, using an independent data reduction pipeline. We find that the transit light curve is well fit with a planet-only model, with a best-fit equal to 1.01. The addition of a moon does not significantly improve the fit quality. We compare our results directly with the original light curve from Teachey & Kipping, and find that we obtain a better fit to the data using a model with fewer free parameters (no moon). We discuss possible sources for the discrepancy in our results, and conclude that the lunar transit signal found by Teachey & Kipping was likely an artifact of the data reduction. This finding highlights the need to develop independent pipelines to confirm results that push the limits of measurement precision.
The role of lean leadership in the lean maturity – second-order problem solving relationship : a multiple case study

This paper investigates the relationships between Lean adoption and the problemsolving behaviour of nurse teams. We explore practices of Lean leaders in hospital settings and discover how leaders can stimulate second-order problem solving within nurse teams. Fourteen nurse teams, with different Lean maturity, were studied empirically through semi-structured interviews. The results indicated a positive relationship between Lean maturity and second-order problem solving, as well as a potential strengthening effect of Lean leadership on this relationship. Also, we identified seven Lean leadership practices in hospital settings that have a strong link with transformational leadership.
Autonomous Voltage Control for Grid Operation Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Modern power grids are experiencing grand challenges caused by the stochastic and dynamic nature of growing renewable energy and demand response. Traditional theoretical assumptions and operational rules may be violated, which are difficult to be adapted by existing control systems due to the lack of computational power and accurate grid models for use in real time, leading to growing concerns in the secure and economic operation of the power grid. Existing operational control actions are typically determined offline, which are less optimized. This paper presents a novel paradigm, Grid Mind, for autonomous grid operational controls using deep reinforcement learning. The proposed AI agent for voltage control can learn its control policy through interactions with massive offline simulations, and adapts its behavior to new changes including not only load/generation variations but also topological changes. A properly trained agent is tested on the IEEE 14-bus system with tens of thousands of scenarios, and promising performance is demonstrated in applying autonomous voltage controls for secure grid operation.
Correlations between supermassive black holes, hot atmospheres, and the total masses of early-type galaxies

We present a study of relations between the masses of the central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the atmospheric gas temperatures and luminosities measured within a range of radii between Re and 5Re, for a sample of 47 early-type galaxies observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We report the discovery of a tight correlation between the atmospheric temperatures of the brightest cluster/group galaxies (BCGs) and their central SMBH masses. Furthermore, our hydrostatic analysis reveals an approximately linear correlation between the total masses of BCGs (Mtot) and their central SMBH masses (MBH). State-of-the-art cosmological simulations show that the SMBH mass could be determined by the binding energy of the halo through radiative feedback during the rapid black hole growth by accretion, while for the most massive galaxies mergers are the chief channel of growth. In the scenario of a simultaneous growth of central SMBHs and their host galaxies through mergers, the observed linear correlation could be a natural consequence of the central limit theorem.
Confronting expansion distances of planetary nebulae with Gaia DR2 measurements

Context. Individual distances to planetary nebulae are of the utmost relevance for our understanding of post-asymptotic giant-branch evolution because they allow a precise determination of stellar and nebular properties. Also, objects with individual distances serve as calibrators for the so-called statistical distances based on secondary nebular properties. Aims. With independently known distances, it is possible to check empirically our understanding of the formation and evolution of planetary nebulae as suggested by existing hydrodynamical simulations. Methods. We compared the expansion parallaxes that have recently been determined for a number of planetary nebulae with the trigonometric parallaxes provided by the Gaia Data Release 2. Results. Except for two out of 11 nebulae, we found good agreement between the expansion and the Gaia trigonometric parallaxes without any systematic trend with distance. Therefore, the Gaia measurements also prove that the correction factors necessary to convert proper motions of shocks into Doppler velocities cannot be ignored. Rather, the size of these correction factors and their evolution with time as predicted by 1D hydrodynamical models of planetary nebulae is basically validated. These correction factors are generally greater than unity and are different for the outer shell and the inner bright rim of a planetary nebula. The Gaia measurements also confirm earlier findings that spectroscopic methods often lead to an overestimation of the distance. They also show that even modelling of the entire system of star and nebula by means of sophisticated photoionisation modelling may not always provide reliable results. Conclusions. The Gaia measurements confirm the basic correctness of the present radiation-hydrodynamics models, which predict that both the shell and the rim of a planetary nebula are two independently expanding entities, created and driven by different physical processes, namely thermal pressure (shell) or wind interaction (rim), both of which vary differently with time.