Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of classic massage on cardiac autonomic modulation

Introduction: Massage can be defined as the rhythmic and smooth manipulation of body tissues, with the aim to promote health and well-being. Objective: To assess the influence of classic massage on cardiac autonomic modulation. Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated healthy participants, with mean age between 18 and 25 years, divided into two groups: test group (TG, n=11) and control group (CG, n=10). The TG had their heartbeat recorded for 5min before receiving a classic massage for 40min and during three periods after this procedure: 0-5min, 5-10min and 10-15min. The CG had their heartbeats recorded at the same time; without receive massage. Cardiac autonomic modulation was investigated by heart rate variability (HRV). Results: The mean values of HRV rates were: pNN50, respectively, for the TG: before massage (10.5 ± 9.5%), and after massage: 0-5min (11.6 ± 7.2%), 5-10min (12.1 ± 8.0%) and 10-15min (11.1 ± 7.9%), with no significant statistical difference. The same result was found for the mean values of rMSSD index of the TG; before massage: 52.1 ± 46.2 ms, and after massage: 0-5min (50.0 ± 21.6ms), 5-10min (52.0 ± 27.4 ms) and 10-15min (48.2 ± 21.1 ms). Also, the values of LFnuand HFnu indexes did not change significantly before and after massage, and they were not statistically different from the values presented by the control group. Conclusion: The study results suggest that one session of classic massage does not modify cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy young adults.
Rapid Warming in Summer Wet Bulb Globe Temperature in China with Human-Induced Climate Change

On the basis of a newly developed observational dataset and a suite of climate model simulations, we evaluate changes in summer mean wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) in China from 1961 through 2080. We show that summer mean WBGT has increased almost everywhere across China since 1961 as a result of human-induced climate change. Consequently, hot summers as measured by summer mean WBGT are becoming more frequent and more conducive to heat stress. Hot summers like the hottest on record during 1961–2015 in western or eastern China are now expected occur once every 3–4 years. These hot WBGT summers have become more than 140 times as likely in eastern China in the present decade (2010s) as in the 1961–90 baseline period and more than 1000 times as likely in western China. The substantially larger influence in western China is associated with its stronger warming signal, which is likely due to the high Bowen ratio of sensible to latent heat fluxes of dry soils and increases in absorbed solar radiation from the decline in mountain snow cover extent. Observation-constrained projections of future summer mean WBGT under the RCP8.5 emissions scenario indicate that, by the 2040s, almost every summer in China will be at least as hot as the hottest summer in the historical record, and by the 2060s it will be common (on average, every other year) for summers to be as much as 3.0°C hotter than the historical record, pointing to potentially large increases in the likelihood of human heat stress and to a massive adaption challenge.
Shift of maternal gut microbiome of Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) during the perinatal period

The maternal gut microbiome can influence and be affected by the substantial physiological changes taking place during the perinatal period. However, little information is known about the changes in the maternal gut microbiome during this period. Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) provide a unique system to address this issue because their summer migration cycle is synchronized with the perinatal period. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to generate gut microbiome profiles using fecal samples collected from female migratory Tibetan antelope. We then correlated microbiome diversity with fecal hormone metabolite concentrations of glucocorticoids (GCs) and triiodothyronine (T3) extracted from the same fecal samples. The maternal gut microbiome of Tibetan antelope was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. There was a clear separation in gut microbial composition by female reproductive states based on both hierarchical clustering and PCoA analyses. The shift in the maternal gut microbiome likely reflects the metabolic and immune system dynamics during the perinatal period. Overall, the microbiome diversity was higher in the late pregnancy compared to the postpartum period. The negative association between T3 and microbiome diversity may be moderated by the shift of reproductive states since the correlations disappeared when considering each reproductive state separately. Integrating the microbiome dimension, migration pattern and reproduction may have direct conservation implications as by establishing a baseline of the physiological changes during the migration/perinatal period, we can have a better understanding of the impacts of increasing human activities on the Tibetan Plateau on the reproductive health of Tibetan antelope.
Spatiotemporal reconstructions of global CO2‐fluxes using Gaussian Markov random fields

Atmospheric inverse modeling is a method for reconstructing historical fluxes of green‐house gas between land and atmosphere, using observed atmospheric concentrations and an atmospheric tracer transport model. The small number of observed atmospheric concentrations in relation to the number of unknown flux components makes the inverse problem ill‐conditioned, and assumptions on the fluxes are needed to constrain the solution. A common practice is to model the fluxes using latent Gaussian fields with a mean structure based on estimated fluxes from combinations of process modeling (natural fluxes) and statistical bookkeeping (anthropogenic emissions). Here, we reconstruct global CO2 flux fields by modeling fluxes using Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRFs), resulting in a flexible and computational beneficial model with a Matérn‐like spatial covariance and a temporal covariance arriving from an autoregressive model in time domain.
Historical and geological evidence for the seventeenth-century tsunamis along Kuril and Japan trenches: implications for the origin of the AD 1611 Keicho earthquake and tsunami, and for the probable future risk potential

Abstract Historical documents indicate that the AD 1611 Keicho earthquake tsunami struck the Pacific coast of Tohoku, northern Japan. Meanwhile, geological records suggest that a large earthquake occurred along the Kuril Trench in the same century. Although historians and geologists have investigated the events intensively, understanding of those events remains insufficient because of limited evidence. As described herein, we suggest future research directions for the huge seventeenth-century tsunamis based on a comprehensive review of earlier works and simulation of the directivity of tsunamis. Our results suggest the possibility that one extremely large or two or three closely spaced large earthquakes and tsunamis occurred in a short time interval along the Kuril and Japan trenches. If this is the case, we must devote attention to the risk of a future occurrence of a Kuril Trench event because the situation after the AD 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami might be similar to the seventeenth-century events. The key research directions to clarify the seventeenth-century events are a careful review of historical documents during several decades after the AD 1611 earthquake and accurate constraint of the event age of tsunami deposits.
Evaluation of a mobile application for estimation of food intake

Objetivo: Avaliar a utilizacao do aplicativo Nutrabem (Sao Paulo) como recurso para a medida da ingestao alimentar entre universitarios. Metodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em uma amostra aleatoria com 40 universitarios adultos da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista. Os dados de ingestao alimentar foram estimados por meio do aplicativo Nutrabem e pelo Recordatorio de 24 horas; foram calculados os valores de ingestao de energia, carboidratos, proteinas, lipideos, calcio, ferro e vitamina C; avaliou-se ainda a ingestao segundo grupos alimentares e qualidade da dieta conforme o Indice de Qualidade da Dieta associado ao Guia Alimentar Digital. A concordância entre os metodos foi estimada pelo coeficiente de correlacao linear Pearson e Teste-t. Resultados: Foram observadas correlacoes fortes para energia (0,77), carboidratos (0,82) e proteinas (0,83). Os grupos aves, pescados e ovos, carnes bovina e suina, cereais e paes refinados, frutas e leguminosas apresentaram correlacoes fortes (entre 0,76 e 0,85); acucares e doces, cereais integrais, tuberculos e raizes, leite e derivados, gorduras de origem animal e a pontuacao do Indice de Qualidade da Dieta associado ao Guia Alimentar Digital apresentam correlacoes moderadas (0,59 e 0,71); hortalicas, oleaginosas e os oleos vegetais apresentam correlacoes fracas (valores entre 0,31 e 0,43). A avaliacao de homogeneidade dos dados mostrou haver semelhanca entre os resultados obtidos por ambos os metodos (p>0,05) . Conclusao: O aplicativo Nutrabem pode ser mais uma ferramenta no estudo de ingestao alimentar de jovens universitarios, uma vez que produz resultados semelhantes aos obtidos pelo Recordatorio de 24 horas.
‘I feel like we finally matter’: the role of youth-led approaches in enhancing leisure-induced meaning-making among youth at risk

ABSTRACT The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore how engaging youth at risk through a youth-led approach to recreation and leisure programming can contribute to leisure-induced meaning-making. Seven women (four youth at risk [18–22 years] and three adult recreation practitioners) participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews. Data were also generated via observation and field notes. A three-phase process of content analysis was used to analyse findings. Findings suggest that youth-led approaches to recreation and leisure programming can contribute to leisure-induced meaning-making by: (a) supporting interests and endeavours; (b) connecting to community; (c) overcoming barriers, together; (d) co-creating safe spaces to be engaged; and (e) developing personal and collective positive outcomes. This research makes theoretical contributions to the leisure literature and provides essential insights regarding proactive engagement of youth at risk and meaning-making for practitioners and policy makers from a practical perspective.
Total-Ionizing-Dose Effects, Border Traps, and 1/f Noise in Emerging MOS Technologies

Subthreshold leakage currents and threshold-voltage shifts due to total-ionizing-dose (TID) irradiation are reviewed briefly for highly scaled devices in emerging MOS technologies. When isolation oxides of digital and analog MOS devices and ICs exhibit satisfactory performance, failure doses often are 100 krad(SiO2) to 1 Mrad(SiO2) or higher. Oxygen vacancies in SiO2 and/or high-K gate dielectrics and/or O-vacancy complexes with hydrogen are typically the dominant border traps before and after irradiation. Low-frequency noise measurements can provide significant insight into effective border-trap microstructures, densities, and energy distributions, especially when combined with complementary measurements and density-functional theory calculations. Illustrative examples are presented for past, present, and emerging MOS technologies with SiO2 and/or high-K gate dielectrics. These include FinFETs, MOS devices with alternative channels to Si, MOS devices based on 2-D materials, and SiC MOS devices. Traps in regions of MOS isolation oxides under strong gate control can also contribute to low-frequency noise, especially for multifinger, multiedge devices irradiated to high doses. The effects of defects on the 1/ $f$ noise of GaN-based HEMTs and thin metal lines are illustrated for comparison.
A Biophysical Characterization of Phagolysosome Acidification

Specialized cells of the innate immune system, such as macrophages, employ lysosomal enzymes, together with cationic peptides and reactive oxygen intermediates, to eliminate invading microorganisms ensnared within phagosomes. The effectiveness of this impressive armamentarium is potentiated by the acid pH generated by the vacuolar-type ATPase (VATPase). The determinants of the luminal pH of phagosomes and of the lysosomes they fuse with are not completely understood, but the V-ATPase is known to be electrogenic and net accumulation of protons requires charge compensation. For this reason, counter-ion pathways are thought to serve a central role in the control of acidification. It has generally been assumed that a parallel anion influx accompanies proton pumping to dissipate the voltage that tends to build up. In fact, impaired chloride channel activity in cystic fibrosis has been proposed to underlie the defective phagolysosome acidification and microbial killing reported in lung macrophages. In the first part of this thesis, I devised methods to dialyze the lumen of lysosomes in intact cells, while monitoring lysosomal pH, in order to assess the individual contribution of counter-ions to acidification. Surprisingly, anions were found to be completely dispensable for proton pumping, whereas the presence of permeant cations in the lysosomal lumen was essential. Accordingly, defects in lysosomal anion permeability cannot explain the impaired microbicidal capacity of phagocytes in cystic fibrosis. Even though counter-ion permeation pathways exist,
An Eye Tracking Comparison of Instructional Videos Showing a Monologue Versus a Dialogue: Impacts On Visual Attention, Learning, and Psychological Variables

The present study aimed to synthesize two disparate domains of instructional video research to investigate what impacts occurred from, on one hand, the visual presence of the speaker(s), and on the other hand, the format of a dialogue. Seventy-seven participants watched either a narrated control video without the instructor visible, a monologue video with the instructor visible, or a dialogue video between an instructor and student, both visible. To compare the conditions, we examined learning outcomes, visual attention, self-efficacy, mindset, cognitive load, social presence, and interest. Despite eye tracking data showing that participants in speaker-visible conditions spent significantly less time attending to the learning content, we found no conditional differences on measures of learning, social presence, cognitive load, self-efficacy, or mindset. These results suggest that neither speaker visual presence nor dialogue format affected learning or participants' perceptions of the videos.
Unsteady and three-dimensional aerodynamic effects on wind turbine rotor loads

The paper investigates the use of vortex methods in the computation of important ﬂows for wind turbine aerodynamics. These ﬂows are characterised by inﬂow velocity unsteadiness, spatial variations and non-zero spanwise component. First, computational vortex methods are shown to match analytical solutions on simple geometries. Second, these geometries will be studied to reveal the eﬀects of these ﬂows on airfoil aerodynamics: unsteady damping and load reduction when subjected to side slip or spanwise inﬂow velocity variations. Finally, vortex methods will be compared with traditional BEM methods in full wind turbine conﬁgurations under real operating inﬂows such as shear, yaw and turbulence which are characterised by unsteadiness and three-dimensional eﬀects. Vortex methods allow quantifying the error of BEM methods for these conditions
Spatial patterns of large‐scale land transactions and their potential socio‐environmental outcomes in Cambodia, Ethiopia, Liberia, and Peru

Recent large‐scale land transactions, often framed as 'land grabbing,' are historically unprecedented. Millions of hectares of land have changed hands for agriculture‐driven development over the past decade, and their implementation generates substantial risk of land degradation. This paper investigates land transaction patterns and evaluate their potential socio‐environmental impacts in Cambodia, Ethiopia, Liberia, and Peru. We undertake a novel spatially explicit approach to quantify land transactions and conduct scenario‐based analyses to explore their implementation consequences on people, land, and carbon emission. Our results demonstrate that existing global datasets on land transactions substantially underestimate their incidence but can either exaggerate or underreport transacted areas. Although confirming that land transactions are more likely to occur in sparsely populated, poorer, and more forested areas, our scenario‐based analyses reveal that if fully implemented for agricultural development, land transactions in the four countries will affect more than one million people, yield over 2 Gt of carbon emissions, and disrupt vast swathes of forests. Our findings refute the 'empty land' discourse in government policy and highlight the consequences of land degradation that can occur at an unexpected scale in the 'global land rush. ' Future policymaking needs to anticipate the risk of land degradation in terms of deforestation and carbon emission while pursuing agriculture‐driven development through land transactions.
Severe childhood speech disorder: gene discovery highlights transcriptional dysregulation

Objective Determining the genetic basis of speech disorders provides insight into the neurobiology of human communication. Despite intensive investigation over the past 2 decades, the etiology of most speech disorders in children remains unexplained. To test the hypothesis that speech disorders have a genetic etiology, we performed genetic analysis of children with severe speech disorder, specifically childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Methods Precise phenotyping together with research genome or exome analysis were performed on children referred with a primary diagnosis of CAS. Gene coexpression and gene set enrichment analyses were conducted on high-confidence gene candidates. Results Thirty-four probands ascertained for CAS were studied. In 11/34 (32%) probands, we identified highly plausible pathogenic single nucleotide (n = 10; CDK13, EBF3, GNAO1, GNB1, DDX3X, MEIS2, POGZ, SETBP1, UPF2, ZNF142) or copy number (n = 1; 5q14.3q21.1 locus) variants in novel genes or loci for CAS. Testing of parental DNA was available for 9 probands and confirmed that the variants had arisen de novo. Eight genes encode proteins critical for regulation of gene transcription, and analyses of transcriptomic data found CAS-implicated genes were highly coexpressed in the developing human brain. Conclusion We identify the likely genetic etiology in 11 patients with CAS and implicate 9 genes for the first time. We find that CAS is often a sporadic monogenic disorder, and highly genetically heterogeneous. Highly penetrant variants implicate shared pathways in broad transcriptional regulation, highlighting the key role of transcriptional regulation in normal speech development. CAS is a distinctive, socially debilitating clinical disorder, and understanding its molecular basis is the first step towards identifying precision medicine approaches.
My house, our house, their house: A case study of house sharing for the over 65s

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . IV LIST OF FIGURES . VIII CHAPTER 1. NO HOUSE IS AN ISLAND . 1 1.1. My research case . 2 1.2. The thesis landscape . 3 1.3. May 2013 – A beginning . 4 1.4. The socio-political influences on the conception of the project . 7 1.5. The Project . 9 CHAPTER 2. RESEARCH RELATIONS . 17 2.1. My interest in this research. 17 2.2. Preparation . 19 2.3. Collaborative community research orientation . 21 2.4. Biases . 27 2.5. Fluid positioning . 28 2.6. Representation/co-construction . 29 2.7. Challenges and compromises. 31 CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH STRATEGIES . 34 3.1. Pragmatic approach. 34 3.2. Case study . 36 3.3. Narrative inquiry . 39 3.4. Ethnographic and evaluative influences . 41 3.5. Methods of inquiry. 41 3.6. The participants. 43 3.7. Making meaning from the data. 46 3.8. Ethics and trustworthiness . 47 CHAPTER 4. ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, RELATIONSHIPS, AND PRACTICE . 49 4.1. Negotiations with the ethics committee . 49 4.2. Negotiating my roles . 52 4.3. The complexity of relational research . 56 4.4. Researcher role’s influence on the Relationship Managers role. 61 CHAPTER 5. A SPACE TO LIVE: THE NEW ZEALAND CONTEXT . 65 5.1. Older people and homeownership. 65 5.2. Older renters . 67 5.3. Living alone . 68
Barriers to Prenatal Care in Low-income Women

The purposes of this study were to: investigate barriers to prenatal care, both structural and psychosocial; test the Pender Health Promotion Model and the Triandis Model of Social Behavior to determine their effectiveness in predicting utilization of prenatal care; and document behaviors women perform during pregnancy to stay healthy. The sample consisted of 207 low-income pregnant women recruited from a public clinic at their first prenatal visit. The Pender Model was operationalized with the following instruments: the Laffrey Health Conception Scale, Wellness Subscale; the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Form A, Internal Subscale; the Krondak Barriers and Benefits to Prenatal Care Scale; the Personal Competence Scale; the Value Survey; a single item measuring perceived health status; and researcher-developed scales measuring interpersonal factors, behavioral factors, situational factors, and demographic factors. The Triandis Model was operationalized by researcher-developed scales measuring the following constructs: behavioral intention, affect, facilitating conditions, norms, selfconcept, role perceptions, habit, and perceived consequences. Utilization of prenatal care was measured using Kotelchuck's Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization Index. In addition, two open-ended questions regarding the woman's healthy behaviors practiced during pregnancy and her sources of health information were asked.
Influence of protein damage and proteasome gene expression on the longevity of recalcitrant Madhuca latifolia Roxb. seeds

Enhanced cellular damage during desiccation is considered to be one of the key factors limiting vigour and viability of seeds. The uncontrolled accumulation of reactive oxygen species and resultant damaging reactions such as the oxidation of lipids and DNA in desiccating seeds of Madhuca latifolia (Roxb.) J. F. Macbr. has already been well characterized. However, hydrolytic and (or) oxidative damage to proteins requires further study. This study investigated the desiccation-induced oxidative damage to proteins and proteolytic systems in recalcitrant M. latifolia seeds during ambient storage. Seeds experienced a significant drop in seed water content [ca. 1.32 to ca. 0.23 g·(g dry mass)−1] during storage resulting in complete loss of viability after 35 days of storage. A considerable decline in total protein content (3.0–3.6 fold) and activity (4.8–13.8 fold) in the gene expressions of proteasome subunits (α, β, and E2) were recorded in the embryonic axis of desiccating M. latifolia seeds. In contrast, increases in the level of protein carbonyls (2.46 fold), hydroperoxides (2.31 fold), malondialdehyde- and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-protein adducts (1.8 and 3.9 fold), and Amadori and Maillard reaction products, along with proteases (14.5–30.4 fold) were observed in desiccating M. latifolia seeds. This study revealed that increased oxidation/modification of proteins and proteasome dysfunction are involved in the deterioration of desiccating M. latifolia seeds.