Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON GLYCAEMIC CONTROL, DURATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS, AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY AND CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global concern and public health issue in India, affecting various organs and causing skin disorders in 30% of patients with potential diabetic neuropathy and angiopathy. The present study is aimed to analyse the duration of diabetes, glycaemic control, autonomic neuropathy and dermatological manifestations in Type 2 DM. Materials and Methods: 100 Type 2 DM subjects in the age group between 30-70 years of both genders were randomly selected. History regarding the demographic profile, duration of Diabetes Mellitus, treatment particulars, personal and family history of DM and any other ailments were obtained. Height and weight were recorded, and body mass index was calculated for all patients. Detailed dermatological examination was done. Venous blood was collected and tested for HbA1C, fasting and postprandial blood glucose, urea, serum creatinine, and lipid profile. Patients were also tested for Sympathetic skin response (SSR). Results: Skin infections were the commonest cutaneous manifestations in DM, and poor glycaemic control was observed among the most of the severe infections. A positive correlation was noted between the duration of DM and the severity of skin complications. SSR was absent in most subjects with xerosis, which reflects autonomic neuropathy due to defective sympathetic nerve function. The present study showed a positive association between the duration of DM and glycaemic control with DM complications in the skin. The average age of subjects was 56 years, and females outnumbered males. Conclusions: The present study infers a positive association of duration of DM, glycaemic control, autonomic neuropathy with DM complications in the skin.
A STUDY ON THE CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SNAKE BITE CASES IN AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CHENNAI

Background: Snake bites are a common medical emergency and an occupational danger, considered a neglected illness, particularly in India. Data are scarce on the epidemiology of snake bites on the Indian subcontinent. The study aimed to investigate the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of snake bite victims who present to the emergency department, as well as to evaluate therapeutic choices in envenomed patients and to determine the outcome. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based descriptive research was conducted in the emergency department of Rajiv Gandhi government general hospital in Chennai between February 2020 and January 2021, with authorisation from the ethical committee. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical features, complications, treatment details, and the outcome of snake bite patients were documented and analysed. Result: Among 130 snake bite patients, cases had male predominance (67.7%). Students (20%) had the most snake bites. Although 86% of the patients were free of comorbidities, remaining hav Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. Maximum bites occurred between 4 and 8 PM (63%), with outdoor bites occurring more frequently (72.3%). While 34.6% of snakes were unidentified, Viper (24.6%) and Cobra (20.8%) were seen as the primary snake types involved. Higher number of cases were bitten in the lower limb (63.8%) and hospitalised with no tourniquet (65.4%), but with stable vitals (76.2%). Half of the patients had neurotoxic symptoms, 40% hemotoxic who were given ASV and bite-to-needle time was < 4 hours. Only 25% reported minor responses. Complications of snake bite included renal and respiratory failures. The mean hospital stay was six days, with a 4.6% mortality rate. Conclusion: Snake bite is an unanticipated risk among students, farmers, and even housewives in the tropics. Regular public health activities emphasising preventive, pre-hospital management (first aid), and the significance of early hospital transfer should be implemented.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE AND DIAGNOSIS OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an uncommon malignancy arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and lines the nasopharynx. The current study aims to examine clinical, histopathological, and Pancytokeratin expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Present study was a retrospective study conducted on surgical biopsies of cases diagnosed as nasopharyngeal carcinoma from January 2013 to December 2019 in a tertiary care center at Gandhi Medical College/Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana. Demographic and clinical parameters were retrieved from medical records. After being preserved in 10% buffered formalin, specimens underwent tissue processing. The tissue sections were examined under a microscope after routine paraffin embedding and staining in five-micron sections with hematoxylin and eosin. Due to its proximity to the skull base and infiltrating ability, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presents as an asymptomatic neck mass (metastasis), a disease which poses difficulties in diagnosis and management. NPC is common in males with a higher incidence in 10-30 & 50-70 yrs. Pancytokeratin expression helps to differentiate nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal tumors. Materials and Methods: Surgical biopsies of cases diagnosed as Nasopharyngeal carcinomas were included in the study from aperiod of 2013 to 2018 in a tertiary care center & Clinical parameters were retrieved. Pancytokeratin expression was done on all histologically diagnosed cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Result: Maximum number of cases were Non keratinizing undifferentiated carcinomas. All cases showed pancytokeratin positive. Conclusion: commenest presentation of NPC is cervical lymphadenopathy. Most of the cases were non keratinizing undifferentiated carcinomas. pancytokeratin expression is used to differentiate Nasopharyngeal carcinomas from other undifferentiated nasopharyngeal tumors.
Dynamic change of habitat quality and its key driving factors in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

Habitat quality reflects the level of biodiversity, and habitat maintenance functions are related to human well-being and ecosystem stability. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is a typical ecologically fragile region in Western China with complex human-nature relationships. Maintaining good habitat is not only a fundamental requirement for biodiversity conservation but also a necessary path for sustainable regional development. In this study, we assessed and analysed the spatial and temporal patterns and changes in habitat quality in Ningxia from 2000 to 2020, and explored the driving factors of habitat quality using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The results indicated: (1) The overall habitat quality level in Ningxia was low to intermediate, with an upwards and then downwards trend during the past 20 years, showing a small change in overall magnitude. (2) The high-and higher-level habitat quality patches in Ningxia were mainly distributed in areas with high vegetation cover, such as the Helan Mountain and Liupan Mountain. The patches of moderate-level habitat quality mainly included cultivated land, while the low-and lower-level patches were mainly distributed in areas subjected to more frequent human activities, such as cultivated land and construction land. (3) The spatial and temporal distribution patterns and changes in habitat quality in Ningxia from 2000 to 2020 were mainly influenced by fractional vegetation cover (FVC), soil moisture content (SMC), proportion of construction land area (PCL), and proportion of cultivated land area (CLP). Among them, FVC and SMC were positive driving factors, and PCL and CLP were negative driving factors. The results support that increasing vegetation cover and reducing anthropogenic disturbance to natural habitats are important measures to maintain fragile habitats and that key ecological function areas such as nature reserves are crucial for habitat quality protection in ecologically fragile areas.
PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF CHRONIC GENITOURINARY CONDITIONS AMONG OLDER MEN IN INDIA

Background: Men are usually predisposed to specific genito urinary conditions as compared to men and this increases with age. In this study, Among Indian men aged 45 years, our goal was to quantify the prevalence and identify the correlations of chronic renal failure, incontinence, and kidney stones. Materials and Methods: Data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1, 2017–2018, were used. 33,097 men above the age of 45 were included in the sample. Prevalence was reported using descriptive statistics, and a 95% confidence interval was used to indicate the degree of uncertainty. To determine the relationship between several socio-demographic and behavioral predictors and the outcome, such as chronic renal failure, incontinence, and kidney stones, a separate multivariable regression analysis was carried out. Result: Incontinence was 3.02% (95% CI: 2.82-3.23), chronic renal failure was 0.82% (95% CI: 0.71-0.93), and kidney stones were 3.0% (95% CI: 2.79-3.20). According to the results of the multivariable regression analysis, incontinence was more likely to affect participants under the age of 75 [AOR: 1.91 (95% CI: 1.34-2.44)]. Among patients who had obesity, kidney stones were substantially more common [AOR: 1.88 (95% CI: 1.53-2.55)]. Conclusion: It is impossible to
Caracterization from hearing thresholds from dentists in a poulation from Curitiba city / PR, Brazil

by gender, regarding the age and time of service and applied statistical procedures for the edition of data. Results: Were observed average tonal hearing thresholds with configuration from acoustic notch, being more accentuated in the male gender. There is sensorineural hearing loss in 28 (24,34%) dentists, 8 (14,54%) between female gender and 20 (33,33%) between the male gender, the proportion of subjects with altered hearing is significantly bigger in the male gender (p=0,0208). The tonal hearing thresholds for the male gender shown to be worse than in the females when analyzed by age and time of service, but the men were older and with more time of service than the women. Conclusion: The dentists presented sensorineural hearing loss with acoustic notch (being more present in the male gender) with worsening of hearing and time of service, especially after 21 years of work.
Sociodemographic profile and mental health of patients under oncological treatment

: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has repercussed on several dimensions, affecting aspects such as socioeconomic, educational and health, corroborating the increase in mental disorders in the general population. Therefore, patients undergoing cancer treatment are affected psychologically by this scenario, which can directly reflect on therapeutic adherence, prognosis and quality of life. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the sociodemographic profile and evaluate the influence of the pandemic scenario on the mental health of patients undergoing cancer treatment in the city of Anápolis - Goiás. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study, involving patients between 18 and 90 years of age undergoing antineoplastic treatment from March 2020 to March 2021, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used for data collection. The study included 133 patients, 66.2% female; age ranged from 20 to 87 years, with prevalence between 50 and 70 years (54.13%); predominant marital status was “married” (52.6%); belonging to the Catholic religion (61.7%); most with low education (51.9%); and with an income of up to one minimum wage (58.6%). Regarding mental health, it was noticed that the feeling of agony (42.1%), inability to concentrate on what they do (45.1%) and loss of sleep due to worries (45.1%) were the most reported negative aspects. It was also noted that there was no significant decrease in outpatient visits due to the pandemic, being the aspects most considered by those who reduced their trips, social isolation and fear of contracting Covid-19 disease. Accordingly, there should be greater encouragement to research on this subject in order to provide better care to this profile of patients.
COMPARISON OF HUMERAL INTERLOCKING NAIL AND COMPRESSION PLATING IN MANAGEMENT OF HUMERUS SHAFT FRACTURE

Background: To compare humeral interlocking nail and compression plating in fracture of shaft of humerus cases. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty cases of fracture of shaft of humerus involving either gender in age range 18-60 years were divided into 2 groups of 60 each. Internal fixation by humeral interlocking nails was performed on Group I, and internal fixation by dynamic compression plating, with or without bone grafting, was performed on Group II. AO classification, mode of injury, level of injury, side, range of elbow joint movements, DASH score and complications in both groups were recorded. Result: Age group 18-28 years had 14 patients in group I and 7 in group II, 28-38 years had 18 in group I and 22 in group II, 38-48 years had 15 in group I and 20 in group II and 48-60 years had 13 in group I and 11 in group II. Mode of injury was RTA in 46 in group I and 41 in group II, fall in 10 in group I and 12 in group II and violence in 4 in group I and 7 in group II. In 22 cases in group I and 23 in group II had A3 type of fracture and B2 was seen in 21 and 18 patients respectively. Level of injury was upper 1/3rd seen in 14 and 19, middle 1/3rd in 37 and 31 and lower 1/3rd in 13 and 20 patients in group I and II respectively. Left side was involved in 32 cases in group I and 26 in group II and right side in 28 and 34 in group I and II respectively. Range of movement pre-operatively in group I was 8-128 degrees and in group II was 4-130 degrees and post-operatively in group I was 4-134 degrees and in group II was 5-130 degrees. In 22 cases in group I and 32 in group II DASH score was excellent, 13 cases in group I and 10 in group II had good, 20 in group I and 16 in group II had fair and 5 in group I and 2 in group II had poor DASH score. Complications seen were implant failure 1 in group I and 2 in group II, non-union 2 in group I and 3 in group II, shortening seen in 1 in group I and 2 in group II, superficial infection 1 in group I and 2 in group II, and deep infection 1 in group I and 2 in group II. The difference was non-significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Both humeral interlocking nail and dynamic compression plating can be considered in the management of humeral shaft fractures.
Assessing the Age Specificity of Infection Fatality Rates for Covid-19: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, & Public Policy Implications

To assess age-specific infection fatality rates (IFRs) for COVID-19, we have conducted a systematic review of seroprevalence studies as well as countries with comprehensive tracing programs. Age-specific IFRs were computed using the prevalence data in conjunction with reported fatalities four weeks after the midpoint date of each study, reflecting typical lags in fatalities and reporting. Using metaregression procedures, we find a highly significant log-linear relationship between age and IFR for COVID-19. The estimated age-specific IFRs are very low for children and younger adults but increase progressively to 0.4% at age 55, 1.3% at age 65, 4.2% at age 75, and 14% at age 85. About 90% of the geographical variation in population IFR is explained by differences in age composition of the population and age-specific prevalence. These results indicate that COVID-19 is hazardous not only for the elderly but also for middle-aged adults. Moreover, the population IFR for COVID-19 should not be viewed as a fixed parameter but as intrinsically linked to the age-specific pattern of infections. Consequently, public health measures to protect vulnerable age groups could substantially decrease total deaths.
A STUDY OF CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN NEONATAL SEIZURES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Background: Seizures in neonates can result in a high incidence of mortality and long term morbidity if emergency timely treatment is not started. Identifying the etiology of seizure is an essential for adequate treatment. The study aims to identify and correlate the clinico-biochemical abnormalities in neonates with seizures. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted at the NICU of Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, for 6 months in which,70 neonates ( from day one of birth to 28 days) admitted for neonatal seizures were included. Before initiating the treatment, biochemical parameters were evaluated by quantitative and qualitative methods, using various statistical analyses. Result: The incidence of neonatal seizure was high in males (55.71%), with subtle (61.43%), tonic (25.71%), and clonic (12.86%) being common types. Incidence of biochemical abnormalities reported were hypoglycemia (24.29%), hypocalcemia (20.00%), hyponatremia (8.57%), hypomagnesemia (4.29%), and hypernatremia (4.2%) respectively. This study finds a higher incidence of seizures in pre-term neonates and low birth weight (<2.5 kg) at 44.29%, respectively, with presentation of seizure in the first three days after birth . Conclusion: Neonatal seizures in one of the most prevalent neurological conditions which results in severe complications if left untreated. A quick and thorough examination, prompt diagnosis, and emergency treatment are required to prevent severe neurological damage to the neonate . The use of biochemical abnormalities can be a secondary link to identify the etiology of seizures. Hence, a battery of simple test workup should be able to detect patients with altered biochemical states.
A Conformable Inverse Problem with Constant Delay

This paper aims to express the solution of an inverse Sturm-Liouville problem with constant delay using a conformable derivative operator under mixed boundary conditions. For the problem, we stated and proved the specification of the spectrum. The asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the problem was obtained and the solutions were extended to the Regge-type boundary value problem. As such, a new result, as an extension of the classical Sturm-Liouville problem to the fractional phenomenon, has been achieved. The uniqueness theorem for the solution of the inverse problem is proved in different cases within the interval (0,π). The results in the classical case of this problem can be obtained at α=1. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 34L20,34B24,34L30.
Etude des formations quaternaires des marges du bassin du Rharb : Maroc nord-occidental

Les recherches ont porte plus specialement sur les depots margino-littoraux du rharb. Les resultats obtenus concernent plusieurs domaines de la geologie: dynamique sedimentaire, tectonique, paleopedologie, paleoclimatologie et chronostratigraphie quaternaires. On relevera notamment que la region etudiee reste tout au long du quaternaire sous le controle de mouvements orogeniques tardi-alpins, que les trajets decrits par les particules sedimentaires constituent des cycles dynamiques repetitifs, que tous les paleosols pleistocenes sont des sols rouges mais presentent un degre d'evolution variable selon leur age et que le climat oscille en permanence entre deux poles: un pole aride a semi-aride et un pole mediterraneen humide. En outre, les donnees acquises permettent de proposer un cadre chrono-stratigraphique du quaternaire et de retracer l'evolution morphoclimatique regionale
CYTOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY OF LESIONS IN PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A RECORD BASED STUDY

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple investigation for the preoperative diagnosis of palpable, deep-seated lesions of various organs. A confirmed diagnosis is essential for both the treatment and staging of cancers. The present study was undertaken to critically analyze the use of ultrasound-guided FNAC in the diagnosis of various lesions. The aim is to describe the cytological features of deep-seated, inaccessible, impalpable lesions through USG-guided FNAC and to describe the common site and demographic profile of patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective record-based 5-year study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2021. Result: Among a total of 334 cases of USG-guided FNAC, 55% were females and 45% were males with a mean age of 48.31 years. 98 lesions were benign, 130 were malignant and 106 were other lesions. 116(34.7%) were thoracic lesions, 148(44.3%) were head and neck lesions, 12(3.6%) were retroperitoneal lesions, 42(12.6%) were abdomino-pelvic lesions and 16(4.8%) were bone, synovial lesions and lower limb lesions. In thoracic lesions, 65(56%) cases were from the lung, and among that 16(24.6%) were squamous cell carcinoma. In head and neck lesions, 57(38.5%) cases were from cervical lymph nodes, and among that 18(31.6%) were metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. In retroperitoneal lesions, one case of DLBCL of the spleen and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the para-aortic lymph node each. In abdominopelvic lesions, 15(35.7%) cases were from the liver, and among that 4(26.7%) were hepatocellular carcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity of USG-guided FNAC were 100% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: USG-guided FNAC is a minimally invasive and safe diagnostic procedure for the diagnosis of various deep-seated, inaccessible lesions thereby avoiding unnecessary, expensive, and often aggressive diagnostic procedures and leading to less morbidity and mortality, and treatment can be started early.
Orchidopexy for Retractile Testes in Infertile Men A Prospective Clinical Study

spermatogenesis, and surgical treatment has recommended for infertile men with retractile testes. We evaluated outcomes of orchidopexy in men with idiopathic infertility who suffered from bilateral retractile testes. Materials and Methods: We performed dartos pouch orchidopexy on 22 men with idiopathic infertility and bilateral retractile testes. The patients were subsequently followed up for 1 year and sperm parameters were assessed at 3-month intervals. Testicular volume was determined by ultrasonography 1 year postoperatively and compared with that before orchidopexy. Satisfaction with the appearance of the external genitalia, sexual desire, and the ability to have successful intercourse were assessed through a Likert-scale questionnaire. Results: Before the operation, the mean testicular volume was 12.2 ± 5.0% lower than the lower normal limit of the testis volume in adults, and no clinically significant change was observed 1 year after the operation. Sperm density showed no significant changes postoperatively, but the mean proportion of sperms with high-grade motility witnessed a significant increase 1 year after the operation ( P = .007). The mean percentage of sperms with normal morphology had a significant decrease at 1 postoperative year. Significant improvements were reported in satisfaction with the appearance of the external genitalia, sexual desire, and successful intercourse 1 year after the operation. Conclusion: Retractile testes might be at risk of growth retardation. We found that orchidopexy in retractile testes may improve sperm motility and increase fertility potential of the patients. We recommend orchidopexy in infertile men with bilateral retractile testes.