Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perception of educational environment as a predictor of academic performance in physiotherapy students

BACKGROUND: Students' perception of their academic environment has a substantial influence on their actions, academic accomplishments, satisfaction, goal attainment, and behavior. The study was carried out to evaluate the perception of academic environment in physiotherapy students, and to identify the specific domains which could act as predictors of academic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted over 12 months using total population sampling. Three hundred and forty-three (139 postgraduate and 204 final year) final year and postgraduate physiotherapy students from five colleges of Mumbai and Navi Mumbai, who conformed to the inclusion benchmarks, participated in the study. Perception of educational environment was evaluated using Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM). Academic performance was evaluated using the percentage obtained in the last university examination. Data were entered in MS Excel (©Microsoft, USA) and converted to Stata Version 15.1© StataCorp, College Station, for further analysis. The mean values and standard deviations for perception of educational environment were calculated and linear regression models were used to conduct multivariate analysis for each item in the questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean total DREEM score of physiotherapy students was 129.97 ± 22.72. Students whose Students' Academic Self-perception scores were in the “Feeling more on the positive side” category showed a 4.17 point increase in percentage scores as compared with those who reported feeling like a total failure/had many negative aspects to their academic self-perception (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.46, 5.89; P < 0.001). Students whose Students' Perception of Learning (SPoL) scores were in the “Teaching highly thought of” category showed a 2.75 point increase in percentage scores as compared with those who viewed teaching poorly/negatively (95% CI: 0.44, 5.06; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy students had a “more positive than negative” view of the academic environment; however, a few “problematic areas” need to be remediated. Efforts to improve students' academic self-perception may improve their academic performance since this was the strongest predictor of their academic performance, followed by total DREEM scores and SPoL.
and Job Search Impacts of Expanded Unemployment Beneﬁts: Ev-7

The central role of household financial decision-making has been recognized in many fields of economics, including public economics, finance, and macroeconomics. In addition to the academic interest in household finance, this field has been brought to the forefront of policy debates by both the Great Recession and the Covid-19 pandemic. My research uses detailed microeconomic administrative data and natural experiment-based empirical strategies to uncover how households make financial decisions. I then examine the implications of the behavior I document for structural models of household decision-making, the design of public policy, and the evolution of the macroeconomy. I am particularly interested in examining how the timing of cash flows affects household financial decisions. An influential strand of the prior empirical and theoretical literature has focused on the causal effect of “helicopter drops” of money such as stimulus checks. My work complements this approach by separating the causal effects of present and future cash flows. I study both the impact of predictable changes in future cash flows holding cash today fixed, and the converse, which is the impact of current cash flows which must be repaid in the future. Across a variety of domains, my research has found that households exhibit strong sensitivity to changes in current cash flows but not to changes in future cash flows. For example, in my research I find that households’ responses to news about future cash flows are muted or non-existent (Ganong and Noel 2019, Ganong and Noel 2020a). Households show little or no response to both bad news (that income will go down in the future when unemployment benefits are exhausted) or good news (that some of their mortgage debt has been forgiven). In contrast, an increase or decrease in households’ current cash flows leads to notable changes in both consumption and mortgage default, even when these changes are entirely predictable and even when these changes are offset by changes to future cash flows. These findings suggest that current liquidity is central for household decisions. The centrality of liquidity has implications for economic models of consumer behavior. The sensitivity of household mortgage repayment decisions to current cash flows and their insensitivity to future cash flows is consistent with models where the private cost of mortgage default is high and borrowers face liquidity constraints. The sensitivity of household consumption decisions to current cash flows and their insensitivity to future cash flows is consistent with a model where some households are myopic in their consumption and savings decisions. The centrality of liquidity also has implications for the design of public policies, which my research seeks to tease out. In the context of mortgage default, my research has shown that by front-loading borrower liquidity it is possible to re-design mortgage assistance policies with substantial gains to borrowers, lenders, and taxpayers. In the context of unemployment, my research has shown that targeting low-liquidity states of the world (in particular
Epidemiological Characteristics of Pediatric Ocular Trauma in China: A Multicenter Retrospective Hospital-Based Study

Purpose The objective of the study was to obtain the incidence characteristics of pediatric ocular trauma in mainland China and provide some feasible suggestions of prevention. Methods The patients with pediatric ocular injuries, who were (≤14) hospitalized between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, were included. Patient demographics (age and sex), injury natural characteristics (causes, site, and types), geographic location, and interval of hospital admission were analyzed. Results A total of 13525 cases were identified, and 1973 (14.6%) occurred in children (male accounts 70.9%) with a mean (SD) age of 6.5 (3.4) years. Cases among minors in 2020 dropped by 8.3% compared to 2019, while the former vulnerability to eye injuries has been shifted from the outdoors to home (51.4%, 1015/1973). The main causes of injury are flying objects (31.9%), traffic injury (23.5%), and blunt injury (21.8%), which lead to the main types of injury such as penetrating injury (48.3%), rupture of the globe (18.1%), and contusion trauma (13.1%). If the VA after injury is above CF, the VA after discharge is more likely to be above CF (OR 18.3, 11.9–28.1; p < 0.001). Similarly, age (OR 2.0, 1.3–3.1; p=0.001) and intraocular pressure after injury (OR 0.9, 0.9–1.0; p=0.009) also affect the intraocular pressure at discharge. Conclusions In mainland China, the main injury types are penetrating injury and rupture of the globe with home being the most dangerous place. Prevention strategies should focus on parents' education and protective measures indoors. Visual acuity after injury can be used as a predictor of visual acuity after treatment.
Individual and Community-Level Factors Associated With Intention to Use Contraceptives Among Reproductive Age Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

Objectives: The present study identifies factors that affect intention to use contraceptives among married women in countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using Demographic and Health Surveys. A total of 334386 weighted sample women who were fecund were included in the analysis. Multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify individual and community level factors associated with intention to use contraceptives. Results: The prevalence of intention to use contraceptives was 45.76%. Age, educational status, and wealth quintile were factors affecting the intention to use contraceptives. Conclusion: Several individual and community level factors were associated with the intention to use contraceptives in SSA. Therefore, governmental and non-governmental organizations should consider these factors when implementing strategies.
Designing the minimum data set of bipolar disorder: A basis for introducing the effective factors in managing, controlling, and monitoring the bipolar disorder

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most challenging psychiatric disorders in the management area that can lead to functional, occupational, and cognitive disorders. Without proper care, this complication can lead to profound psychological challenges and even death. The aim of this study is to design a minimum data set (MDS) for BD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, a survey was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases to identify the demographic, managerial, and clinical data elements. Then, the required data elements were extracted from the studies by the data extraction form and used in a questionnaire. In the second step, to confirm the data element set, the designed questionnaire was distributed and collected among 20 psychiatrists and subspecialists during a two-stage Delphi technique. Descriptive statistics (frequency and mean) were conducted to analyze the data. RESULTS: Totally, 112 managerial and clinical data elements in 14 categories were extracted from the studies. Based on the experts' opinion and their consensus, 88 necessary data elements were considered to bipolar MDS. “Medication nonadherence,” “history of suicide,” and “substance abuse and addiction” were the most important data elements. CONCLUSION: In this study, an MDS was designed for BD. Providing this MDS, in addition to improving the clinical processes, it is possible to help electronic system designers and health data managers to know what information should be included in the health systems or any kind of self-care or self-management software to meet the information needs of these patients.
Autoimmune Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Pharmacological Differences and Similarities by Type of Myositis and by Sociodemographic Variables

Objective Autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of pathologies that are generally characterized by muscle weakness. Their treatment involves glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. The aim was to identify differences and similarities in the pharmacological management of a group of patients with autoimmune IIMs according to the type of disease, sex, age group, and city of residence in Colombia from 2020 to 2021. Methods This cross-sectional study identified medication prescription patterns for outpatient use in patients with autoimmune IIMs between 2020 and 2021 based on a population database of 8.5 million Colombians affiliated with the Colombian health system. Sociodemographic and pharmacological variables were considered. Results A total of 671 patients with autoimmune IIMs were identified, with a median age of 57 years, and 70.9% were women. Overlap myositis was the most frequent disease (31.4%). A total of 91.5% of the patients received pharmacological treatment, mainly systemic glucocorticoids (78.5%), conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (74.1%), immunosuppressants (9.1%), and biological DMARDs (3.7%). Pharmacological management predominated among patients with overlap myositis, those who lived in cities, and those affiliated with the contributory regime of the Colombian health system. Conventional DMARDs were prescribed mainly to women and to those older than 65 years. Conclusions Patients with autoimmune IIMs are not treated homogeneously. The pattern of drug use varies according to the type of IIM, sex, age group, city, and health system regime affiliation.
Metamotivation in medical students: Explaining motivation regulation strategies in medical students

BACKGROUND: Metamotivation is a process that students use to monitor their motivational states to reach their academic goals. To date, few studies have addressed the ways that medical students manage their motivational states. This study aim to identify the motivational strategies of medical students as they use the metamotivational process to monitor and control their motivational states. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study uses directed content analysis of the narrative responses of 18 medical students to draft an in-depth and semistructured interview protocol which were conducted through WhatsApp due to social distance restrictions of COVID-19. Data were collected, encoded, and analyzed using deductive content analysis approach descripted by Elo and Kyngäs. RESULTS: Seven main themes were extracted as the motivational strategies of medical students including “regulation of value,” “regulation of situational interest,” “self-consequating,” “environmental structuring,” “efficacy management,” “regulation of relatedness,” and “regulation of situational awareness. ” In this study by identifying new strategies, we provide a broader framework of metamotivational strategies in the field of the progression of learners in medical education. CONCLUSION: Medical students use a variety of strategies to regulate their academic motivation. To sustain and improve the motivation of medical students, identifying and strengthening metamotivational strategies is the first step.
Effects of Surgery Combined with Different Chemotherapy on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase-1 in Children with Neuroblastoma

Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common extracranial malignancy in children and accounts for 15% of all cancer-related deaths in children, with the 5-year survival of patients in an advanced stage being lower than 40%. Preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy has been reported to facilitate surgical resection and improve the 2-year survival of patients. Objective To analyze the efficacy of surgery plus different chemotherapy on children with NB and to investigate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) with chemotherapy efficacy. Methods From April 2005 to May 2017, a total of 92 cases of NB treated in our hospital were assessed for eligibility and recruited. They were assigned at a ratio of 1: 1 to receive either CAV (cyclophosphamide + vincristine + adriamycin) (group A) and EP (etoposide + cisplatin) alternately or TOPO (topotecan) + CTX (cytoxan) + CiE (etoposide + cisplatin) + CPV (cyclophosphamide + pirarubicin + vincristine) (group B). The outcome measures include chemotherapy efficacy, surgical resection rates, complications, 2-year recurrence, and 2-year survival. The levels of NK cells, CD4+/CD8+ cells, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and urine catecholamine (VMA) in peripheral blood of patients before and after initial chemotherapy were determined to analyze the correlation of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and VMA with the efficacy of chemotherapy. Results The two groups had similar efficacy (84.00% vs. 95.24%) and surgical resection rates (60.00% vs. 61.90%) after the initial chemotherapy (P > 0.05). Surgery for all eligible patients was successful after second chemotherapy. All eligible patients showed myelosuppression after chemotherapy, including 48 cases with stages I-II (52.17%) and 44 cases with stages III-IV (47.83%). The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and VMA expression levels in peripheral blood of patients decreased (P < 0.05) after chemotherapy, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was further reduced after surgery (P < 0.05), while natural killer (NK) cells levels increased (P < 0.05). However, intergroup differences were absent in the incidence of myelosuppression, CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio, NK cells, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and VMA expression levels (P > 0.05). MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were positively correlated with VMA (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 and VMA after chemotherapy were negatively correlated with chemotherapy efficiency (P < 0.05). Patients with high expressions of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and VMA were associated with lower 2-year survival versus those with low expressions (P < 0.05). Conclusion Surgery plus chemotherapy for children with NB yields a promising clinical efficacy and a favorable surgical resection outcome. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 may be the potential biological indicators for chemotherapy efficiency and have a reference value for following surgical treatment of patients.
What do parents of children with autism spectrum disorder think about their quality of life? A qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Living with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can affect different aspects of parents' physical and mental health and quality of life. This study aimed to identify parents' perceptions of their quality of life and factors influencing such perceptions and investigate how they cope with difficulties in their daily lives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted using a qualitative research design to gain insight into how children with ASD may influence their parents' quality of life. A total of 31 parents and school counselors were selected by the snowball sampling method in autism schools in Tehran in the academic year 2018–2019. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Each interview was held based on a preprepared guideline by the researchers. In-depth questions were also asked as needed. Finally, the data were analyzed using the content analysis approach. RESULTS: The participants reported a variety of difficulties and crises to cope with in their daily lives. The factors reported to decrease the quality of life were categorized into six main themes and 20 subthemes. The main themes included “family interactions,” “parenting,” “daily living,” “health,” “financial issues,” and “community-related. ” CONCLUSIONS: Due to the diversity and multilevel factors affecting the quality of life of parents having children with ASD, it is essential to adopt a comprehensive approach with the participation of all stakeholders in the development, design, and implementation of future interventions.
Impact of internet addiction during COVID-19 on anxiety and sleep quality among college students of Bhubaneswar city

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 initiated in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and over a period of time, the infection outspread across the world in a rapid pace. To protect the people and to further limit the spread of infection, lockdown was declared in most parts of the world including India. As all people were forced to stay indoors during this pandemic, internet was the only source of entertainment whose overuse has side effects on anxiety and sleep quality. This study is aimed to know the impact of Internet addiction during COVID-19 on anxiety and sleep quality among college students of Bhubaneswar city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a web-based cross-sectional, questionnaire study. It administered 475 students from six colleges. The students were assessed by a proforma containing demographic details, patterns of internet use, Youngs Internet Addiction Test, Generalised Anxiety disorder score, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0 using Chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 18.81 ± 1.189. Out of 475 students, 60.6% were female and 39.4% were male. 23.6% and 13.4% of recruited students had severe internet addiction and anxiety disorder, respectively. The mean global PSQI score in the study was 6.356 ± 1.88. About 84.6% of the students had poor global sleep quality score. All components of sleep quality were significantly associated (P = 0.000) with different degrees of internet addiction except sleep duration (P = 0.589) and efficiency (P = 0.767). CONCLUSION: Females were highly addicted than males. The study findings specified that students' excessive internet usage leads to anxiety, and affects mental health. Monitoring and controlling students' internet addiction through informative sessions on how to use the Internet adequately is useful.
Linearization effect in multifractal analysis: Insights from Random Energy Model analysis

The analysis of the linearization effect in multifractal analysis, and hence of the estimation of moments for multifractal processes, is revisited borrowing concepts from the statistical physics of disordered systems, notably from the analysis of the so-called Random Energy Model. Considering a standard multifractal process (compound Poisson motion), chosen as a simple representative example, we show: i) the existence of a critical order qbeyond which moments, though finite, cannot be estimated thr ough empirical averages, irrespective of the sample size of the observatio n; ii) that multifractal exponents necessarily behave line arly in q, for q > q � . Tayloring the analysis conducted for the Random Energy Model to that of Compound Poisson motion, we provide explicative and quantitative predictions for the values of qand for the slope controlling the linear behavior of the mult ifractal exponents. These quantities are shown to be related only to the definition of the multifractal process and not to depend on the sample size of the observation. Monte-Carlo simulations, conducted over a large number of large sample size realizations of compound Poisson motion, comfort and extend these analyses.
Predictors of the intention to receive the COVID 19 vaccine by Iranians 18–70 year old: Application of health belief model

BACKGROUND: In terms of public health, vaccination is considered as the most effective approach against the infectious diseases. Accepting and receiving the first vaccine produced as an innovation may not be easy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the predictors of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine by Iranians aged 18–70 years based on the health belief model in 2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive study was performed on 2365 people aged 18–70-year old in Iran by random cluster sampling. Receipt of data was done electronically questionnaire through the Porcelain system. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, and multiple regression analysis at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: The mean score of receiving the Iranian corona vaccine was 3.06 ± 1.30 out of 5 points. About 16.7% reported that they will definitely choose the Iranian vaccine. The highest correlation was between the intention to receive the vaccine with self-efficacy (r = 0.239, P < 0.001) and barriers to receiving the vaccine (r = −0.237, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy (β = 0.114, P < 0.001), perceived barriers (β = −0.126, P < 0.001), and benefits of vaccine (β = 0.061, P = 0.022) were most important predictors the intention to receive the vaccine. CONCLUSION: Approximately 38% reported that they would definitely and probably not choose the Iranian corona vaccine. Therefore, it is suggested that more information should be provided about the features and benefits of domestically produced vaccines compared to foreign products.