Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Load on Pile in a Medium Dr Sand Layer

One-g shake-table experiments are conducted to explore the response of single piles due to liquefaction-induced lateral soil flow. The piles are embedded in saturated Medium Relative Density (Dr) sand strata 1.7–5.0 m in thickness. Peak lateral pile displacements and bending moments are recorded and analyzed by uniform and triangular pressure distributions. On this basis, the observed levels of pile bending moment upon liquefaction suggest a hydrostatic lateral pressure approximately equal to that due to the total overburden stress. Using the experimental data, comparisons with current recommendations are made, and the Showa Bridge case history is briefly assessed.
Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide Compared with Melphalan as a Conditioning Regimen for Autologous Transplantation of Multiple Myeloma: A Long-Term Assessment

Background: Melphalan was poorly available in mainland China. The aim of this study is to explore the dose-adjusted busulfan/cyclophosphamide (BU/CY) as an alternative regimen in auto stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A total of 105 newly diagnosed MM patients undergoing ASCT during May 2012 and August 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The BU/CY regimen was applied to 64 patients. Busulfan (9.6 mg/kg or 8.0 mg/kg in total) and cyclophosphamide (3.6 g/m2 or 3.0 g/m2 in total) were administered according to the creatinine clearance rate (CCR). A high-dose melphalan (HDMEL) regimen (200 mg/m2) was given to the other 41 patients. Results: At a median follow-up of 65 (1~119) months, estimated overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) at 104 months in the BU/CY and HDMEL groups were 35.6% vs. 20.5% (p = 0.263) and 20.2% vs. 2.4% (p = 0.035), respectively. The median overall survival (OS) and PFS of the HDMEL and BU/CY groups were 55 vs. 70.5 months and 26 vs. 46.5 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the BU/CY regimen was found to be the only protective factor for PFS. No lethal toxicity was found in the BU/CY group, and treatment-related mortality (TRM) in 100 days was similar to the HDMEL group. Conclusions: MM patients may also benefit from the dose-adjusted BU/CY regimen.
Water and Sediments of an Acidic Hot Spring—Distinct Differentiation with Regard to the Microbial Community Composition and Functions

Over the last half-century, microbial communities of the Kamchatka hot springs have been largely studied using molecular, radioisotopic, and cultural approaches. Generally, these results were obtained for mixed samples of water with sediments, for only hydrothermal water, or for only sediment samples. Simultaneous comparative analysis of the microbial communities of water and sediments was performed for only one Kamchatka hot spring with circumneutral pH. Here, the microbial communities of both sediments and water (separately) of hot spring #4229 (the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka) with a temperature of 50–56 °C and pH of 3.2 were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene V4 fragment amplicon sequencing. It was revealed that the microbial community of sediments was represented by uncultured phylogenetically deep-branching lineages of archaea, such as ARK-15 within Thermoplasmatota and ‘Ca. Marsarchaeales’ from the Thermoproteota phyla. Metagenome analysis showed that these archaea most probably carried out the degradation of organic matter. The microbial community of the hot water is represented by thermoacidophilic, (micro)aerobic, chemolithoautotrophic, hydrogen- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Hydrogenobaculum (phylum Aquificota) and Acidithiobacillus (phylum Pseudomonadota). Radioisotopic tracing and DNA-stable-isotope probing techniques proved their role as primary producers in the hot spring. The experiment revealed significant differences in the composition and functions of the microbial communities of sediments and water through the example of a typical acidic hot spring in Kamchatka.
Experimental study of grain boundary electrical conductivities of dry synthetic peridotite under high-temperature, high-pressure, and different oxygen fugacity conditions

[1] At pressures of 1.0–4.0 GPa and temperatures of 1073–1423 K and under controlled oxygen fugacity (Fe3O4 + Fe2O3, Ni + NiO, Fe + Fe3O4, Fe + FeO and Mo + MoO2 buffers), the grain boundary conductivity of dry synthetic peridotite was measured using the YJ-3000t multianvil press. Within the frequency range from 10−2 to 106 Hz, there exist two impedance arcs representing conductive mechanisms of the grain interior and grain boundary of the sample. The resistances of the grain interior and grain boundary mechanisms add in a serial manner. The experimental results indicate that the grain boundary conductivity (σgb) increases with increasing temperature (T), and the relationship between log σgb and 1/T conforms to the Arrhenius relation. With the rise of pressure, the grain boundary conductivity increases, and the activation enthalpy increases accordingly. The activation energy and activation volume of grain boundary charge carriers have been determined, and they are 1.28 ± 0.01 eV and 0.45 ± 0.05 cm3 mol−1, respectively. We also found that the grain boundary conductivity increases with increasing oxygen fugacity at constant pressure and temperature. Furthermore, the small polaron conduction mechanism of the grain interior and the segregation effect of the grain boundary can provide reasonable explanations for the behavior of grain boundary conductivity of dry synthetic peridotite at high pressure.
A 2 year comparison of AMSR‐E and MODIS cloud liquid water path observations

An extensive comparison of cloud liquid water path (LWP) observations from solar reflectance and passive microwave satellite measurements over the global oceans is presented. Two years of MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer‐EOS (AMSR‐E) LWP observations were collocated at full resolution and compared under special conditions to minimize errors, i.e., overcast, low‐level liquid clouds with no detectable precipitation. Best agreement occurred in stratus regions off the west coasts of North/South America, southern Africa, and Australia. Large differences found in the winter hemispheres at higher latitudes were caused by a strong dependence of MODIS optical depth retrievals on solar zenith angle. Other differences, notably in the tropics and parts of the subtropics, were due to a dependence of AMSR‐E LWP observations on surface wind speed and total precipitable water. Results highlight the need to provide more accurate cloud LWP observations for climate studies and model verification.
Effect of strategic supplementation with different proportion of agro-industrial by-products and grass hay on body weight change and carcass characteristics of tropical Ogaden bulls (Bos indicus) grazing native pasture

The effect of supplementation with agro-industrial by-products and hay on body weight change and carcass characteristics of Ogaden bulls grazing natural pasture was investigated at Haramaya University beef farm. Eighteen uniform and healthy Ogaden bulls with initial mean body weight of 258.5±41.5 kg were selected from the University farm and randomly assigned to one of the three treatments. Treatment 1 (T1; Control) constituted grazing natural pasture alone, while treatments 2 and 3 constituted grazing natural pasture supplemented with agro industrial by-products and hay at a ratio of 25:75 and 50:50, respectively. Average daily body weight gain was highest (P < 0.05) for bulls in T3 (0.65±0.05 kg), while no difference was observed between bulls in T2 (0.47±0.05) and T1 (0.39±0.05). Mean body condition score was highest (P < 0.05) for bulls in T3 and T2 compared to bulls in T1. Feeding period influenced (P < 0.05) body weight change and body condition score , where bulls in the final period were heavier and had better body condition score than the preceding periods Feeding Ogaden bulls with T3 and T2 improved (P < 0.05) empty body and hot carcass weights compared to grazing alone (T1). Dressing percentage was slightly higher for bulls in T3 and T2 compared to bulls in T1. Thus, it could be concluded that supplementation with T3 would be a better feeding strategy to improve the performance of Ogaden bulls under tropical environment. Key words: Body weight, body condition score, carcass and non-carcass components, supplementation, Ogaden bulls.
Locus of Control, Burnout, and Work Engagement among K-12 Teachers During COVID-19 Remote Learning

LOCUS OF CONTROL, BURNOUT, AND WORK ENGAGEMENT AMONG K-12 TEACHERS DURING COVID-19 REMOTE LEARNING Kellie Menter, M.A. Department of Psychology Northern Illinois University, 2022 Julia A. Ogg, Director While teaching can be a satisfying career, teachers often report higher levels of stress than professionals in other fields. Left unmanaged, stress can lead to the occupational syndrome burnout, which can have detrimental effects on physical and mental health. In addition to the negative impact on the health and well-being of the teacher, burnout also has an indirect influence on students, as children in classrooms of teachers experiencing burnout tend to have lowered academic success and more behavioral difficulties. During the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers faced new challenges that may have contributed to stress levels. Conversely, some teachers report work engagement or a positive attitude toward work. Due to its prevalence, it is crucial to identify explanations that account for burnout as well as which conditions allow teachers to feel engaged. The current study examined teacher perception of control as a predictor of burnout and work engagement during the pandemic. Educators (N = 162, 88.9% White, 82.7% female) reported on their levels of burnout, work engagement, and general and/or occupational locus of control. Results suggest that teachers with an external locus of control in the context of work are more likely to experience burnout at their jobs. Teachers with an internal general locus of control, as well as teachers with an internal occupational locus of control, are more likely to experience work engagement. These findings suggest it may be beneficial for school districts to consider ways in which teachers may be provided with opportunities to feel more autonomous in their work.
Observations of the Auroral Oval by the Alaskan Meridian Chain

The Alaskan meridian chain of stations ‘scans’ the polar sky like an azimuth scan radar once a day between the corrected geomagnetic latitudes of 60° and 85°N. The all-sky photographs from the chain of stations have provided and clarified several important features of auroral morphology, in particular the dynamics of the night-sector auroral oval. The main results are in the summary.
A Comparative Analysis of Upper-Ocean Heat Content Variability from an Ensemble of Operational Ocean Reanalyses

AbstractOcean heat content (HC) is one of the key indicators of climate variability and also provides ocean memory critical for seasonal and decadal predictions. The availability of multiple operational ocean analyses (ORAs) now routinely produced around the world is an opportunity for estimation of uncertainties in HC analysis and development of ensemble-based operational HC climate indices. In this context, the spread across the ORAs is used to quantify uncertainties in HC analysis and the ensemble mean of ORAs to identify, and to monitor, climate signals. Toward this goal, this study analyzed 10 ORAs, two objective analyses based on in situ data only, and eight model analyses based on ocean data assimilation systems. The mean, annual cycle, interannual variability, and long-term trend of HC in the upper 300 m (HC300) from 1980 to 2009 are compared.The spread across HC300 analyses generally decreased with time and reached a minimum in the early 2000s when the Argo data became available. There was a good.
Detection of cyclone-induced rapid increases in chlorophyll-a with sea surface cooling in the northwestern Pacific Ocean from a MODIS/SeaWiFS merged satellite chlorophyll product

We performed a comprehensive analysis of satellite chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a) data to detect all events in which chl-a rapidly increased on a time scale of 10 days or less. Our analysis could successfully detect cases in which chl-a increased and sea surface temperature (SST) decreased rapidly after the passages of tropical and extratropical cyclones. The events with large SST decreases tended to occur south of Japan, in the Sea of Okhotsk, and in the regions between 35° and 45° N, especially the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension (KOE) region. Although the contribution of cyclones on the yearly total chl-a increase was basically small, the cyclone-induced chl-a increases accounted for a few tens of per cent of the total chl-a increase in some areas. In oligotrophic regions, the increases in chl-a tended to become larger as the corresponding SST decrease became larger, although the relationship between them is opposite in mesotrophic and eutrophic regions.
A Replication of the Ego-Depletion Eﬀect: Control of Eﬀort Engagement during the Depleting Task with Electroencephalography and Heart-Rate Variability

The ego-depletion eﬀect has been interpreted as a temporary failure of self-control exertion after a ﬁrst eﬀortful task (Baumeister et al., 2007). Although the existence of this eﬀect was previously challenged (Vohs et al., 2021), it was successfully replicated in a recent study applying an adequate experimental protocol (Mangin et al., 2021). In the present experiment, we applied a similar protocol while assessing the electrophysiological changes in eﬀort engagement through mid-frontal theta and cardiac reactivity (Cavanagh & Frank, 2014; Mukherjee et al., 2011). A total of 32 participants in a between-subjects design performed the following task sequence: handgrip task at 13% of maximal voluntary contraction, a 30-min mental task (depleting or control task) and the handgrip task again (dependent task). The experimental group (N = 16) performed a modiﬁed Stroop task, while the control group (N = 16) watched an emotionally neutral documentary. EEG and ECG were recorded on a continuous basis. We assumed to observe an increase in the electrophysiological correlates of mental eﬀort during the depleting task and a performance decrement in the subsequent dependent task. For the depleting condition, the behavioral results showed worse performance in the subsequent dependent task and the EEG results showed higher mid-frontal theta power. Heart-rate variability results showed an increase in parasympathetic activity over time during the depleting task. Therefore, the ego-depletion eﬀect was once again successfully replicated. The depleting task required more mental eﬀort than the control task, but a slight decrease in eﬀort engagement over time was also observed.
The Interconversion of UDP-Arabinopyranose and UDP-Arabinofuranose Is Indispensable for Plant Development in Arabidopsis

l-Ara, an important constituent of plant cell walls, is found predominantly in the furanose rather than in the thermodynamically more stable pyranose form. Nucleotide sugar mutases have been demonstrated to interconvert UDP-l-arabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-l-arabinofuranose (UDP-Araf) in rice (Oryza sativa). These enzymes belong to a small gene family encoding the previously named Reversibly Glycosylated Proteins (RGPs). RGPs are plant-specific cytosolic proteins that tend to associate with the endomembrane system. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the RGP protein family consists of five closely related members. We characterized all five RGPs regarding their expression pattern and subcellular localizations in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Enzymatic activity assays of recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli identified three of the Arabidopsis RGP protein family members as UDP-l-Ara mutases that catalyze the formation of UDP-Araf from UDP-Arap. Coimmunoprecipitation and subsequent liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed a distinct interaction network between RGPs in different Arabidopsis organs. Examination of cell wall polysaccharide preparations from RGP1 and RGP2 knockout mutants showed a significant reduction in total l-Ara content (12-31percent) compared with wild-type plants. Concomitant downregulation of RGP1 and RGP2 expression results in plants almost completely deficient in cell wall-derived l-Ara and exhibiting severe developmental defects.
Nitrogen Availability Modulates the Host Control of the Barley Rhizosphere

24 Background: 25 Since the dawn of agriculture, human selection on plants has progressively differentiated 26 input-demanding productive crops from their wild progenitors thriving in marginal areas. 27 Barley (Hordeum vulgare), the fourth most cultivated cereal globally, is a prime example of 28 this process. We previously demonstrated that wild and domesticated barley genotypes 29 host distinct microbial communities in their rhizosphere. Here we tested the hypothesis 30 that microbiota diversification is modulated by, and in response to, nitrogen (N) application 31 in soil and we assessed the impact of microbiota composition on plant growth. 32 Methods: 33 We grew two wild (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum) and a modern domesticated (H. vulgare 34 ssp. vulgare) barley genotypes in an agricultural soil amended with and without nitrogen 35 (N) inputs. By using a two-pronged 16S rRNA gene survey and a shotgun metagenomics 36 approach, we determined the impact of N application on the taxonomic composition of the 37 barley microbiota as well as the functional diversification of microbial communities 38 exposed to limiting nitrogen supplies. In parallel, we used metagenomics reads to 39 reconstruct genomes of individual bacterial members of the microbiota. Finally, we 40 implemented a plant-soil feedback experiment to assess the microbiota’s contribution to 41
Developing the Field of Behavioral Nonprofit Management

: We define behavioral nonprofit management as the study of individual behavior within nonprofit organizations, as well as the psychological and social mechanisms driving those specific behaviors. While non-profit management research traditionally relies on administrative or survey data and is primarily concerned with organizational and environmental variables at the meso-and macro-level, the behavioral approach focuses on individuals, such as donors, volunteers, employees, managers, and board members working either individually or collectively. This article reviews the current status of behavioral research in the interdisciplinary field of nonprofit, voluntary action
Biometrics of the Twite Carduelis flavirostris

This paper presents a summary of information on the biometrics of the Twite Carduelis flavirostris based on measurements of live birds captured during the winter months in Caithness, weights of birds caught on Fair Isle, North Ronaldsay, Spurn Point and Oronsay, and wing and tail lengths of skins of birds collected in Britain, Ireland and Scandinavia. A significant sexual dimorphism was found in wing and tail lengths, with males being the larger sex, but not in tarsus or bill length; no significant age‐related differences were found. Scandinavian birds (C. f. flavirostris) had significantly longer wings and tails than British or Irish birds (C. f. pipilans). There was also significant variation in these two parameters within Britain & Ireland and a significant trend of both mean wing and tail length with latitude and longitude. It is concluded that there is a roughly southwest to north‐east cline in body size within the western European population of the Twite. Birds wintering in Caithness increased weight progressively more or less throughout the hours of daylight at rates of 0.15g h−1 in females and 0.21 g h−1 in males. Weights also increased steadily from October to December, changes which were largely parallelled by increases in fat. Females reached their maximum weights during the breeding season whilst males reached a maximum around the beginning of moult in July. Lowest weights occurred in late winter and around the end of moult. The weights of birds caught on migration were similar to those of birds trapped in mid‐winter and it is estimated that such birds maintained around 1g fat, sufficient to enable the birds to fly c. 300km in still air, which is at the upper end of the range of distances Twites typically move in Britain.
Cluster observations of ∂Bz/∂x during growth phase magnetotail stretching intervals

We study a statistics of ∂Bz/∂x in a thin stretching current sheet (substorm growth phases) observed by Cluster between 8 and 18 RE downtail. After 2005, spacecraft separation allowed to measure directly this derivative of Bz along the tail axis. The near‐tail events (within 14 RE) exhibited a straight decrease of an initially large positive ∂Bz/∂x to ∼1–2 nT/RE. In the more stretched middle tail, usually the small |∂Bz/∂x|<0.5−1 nT/RE had no clear trend and fluctuated around zero with time scales 5–15 min. In general, negative ∂Bz/∂x were ubiquitous. At some onsets, larger negative ∂Bz/∂x<−1 nT/RE were associated with transient dipolarizations, propagating earthward. There was no clear association of local plasma sheet activity onset with any value of ∂Bz/∂x. We discuss relation of observations and recent modeling results.
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Long-Term Variations of the Kuroshio Extension Path in Winter: Meridional Movement and Path State Change

AbstractAs an indicator of the Kuroshio Extension (KE) path, the KE northern boundary (KENB) was detected based on the position of the strong winter sea surface temperature (SST) gradient between 142° and 155°E, using high spatial resolution satellite-derived SST for the 30 winters (January to March) from 1982 to 2011. The KE path showed meridional movement with a period of 10–15 yr and an amplitude of about 2° latitude. The changes in latitudinal position of the KE path were initiated by a north–south shift of the Aleutian low (AL). Negative wind stress curl anomalies around 35°N in the eastern North Pacific associated with a northward shift of the AL induced a deepening of the main thermocline depth, and then this deepening signal propagated westward, reaching the KE region after about 3 yr, where it caused the KE path to move northward. The path state of the KE (straight path/convoluted path) modulated on a time scale of 8–12 yr, but this was not significantly correlated with the meridional movement of.
Hierarchy of evidence for endometriosis diagnosis and surgery.

Without an animal model and a non-invasive diagnosis, the pathophysiology of endometriosis is unclear and information is limited to symptomatic women. Lesions are biochemically variable. Medical therapy cannot be blinded and extensive surgery combines low numbers with variable diﬃculty and surgical skills. Experience is spread among specialists in imaging, medical therapy, infertility, pain and surgery. Besides the recent changes in interpreting statistical analyses, the limited good-quality evidence increases the importance of clinical experience. Therefore trial design, analysis and judgment of results should be done by experts in the diﬀerent disciplines of endometriosis, before being translated into guidelines.