Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcome of acute ischemic stroke with unruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by intravenous thrombolysis

Background: There are scarce data on long-term outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We studied the clinical characteristics of 10 Caucasians with AIS with UIAs treated IVT. Methods: We analyzed data from a hospital-based registry. The standardized diagnostic work-up included: demographics; stroke risk factors; stroke etiology; stroke severity and treatment. Outcome measures were hemorrhagic complications, mRS on discharge, day 90 and up to 56 months. On admission all participants had performed the radiological work-up, including computed tomography (CT) with and without contrast, perfusion CT, angio-CT of intra and extracranial vessels, and arch of aorta. Results: We analyzed data from 362 patients; among them 330 had the standardized radiological work-up. Ten patients with UIAs were older as compared to others, and were more often females. UIA was located on the vessel affected by AIS in 2 cases; 1 patient developed brain hemorrhage not related to UIA; mRS on day 90 was as follows: 0 (n=3); 1 (n=2); 2 (n=2); 3 (n=1); 6 (n=2). Eight cases were alive up to 56 months. In 9 cases the aneurysm size varied from 2-6 mm; in one case - was 12 mm. Literature shows only 9 cases with the UIA sized >10 mm treated with IT. Conclusions: Introducing expanded radiological diagnostic work-up before treatment decision of AIS in the era of different etiological treatment options, allows not only to detect the size of penumbra, clot location but also the presence of vascular malformations, including IUAs.
Cytological Changes in Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus Infected Bone Marrow in Broilers

Syed Maaz Nadeem1,*, Muti ur Rehman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh2, Arfan Ahmad2, Syed Nadeem Mansoor3 and Muhammad Anees4 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 2Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 3Department of Pathology, Islam Medical and Dental College, Sialkot 4The Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab Article Information Received 20 November 2019 Revised 12 December 2019 Accepted 18 December 2019 Available online 12 November 2020
A Practical Apertometer for Solid Immersion Objective

A solid immersion objective is generally composed of a truncated solid ball and a commercial objective lens. It features higher numerical aperture (NA) than oil-immersion objectives and thus shows capabilities in some applications requiring higher NA or spatial resolutions. Different from commercial products of oil-immersion objectives and their pre labeled NA values, solid immersion objective is generally home-designed/developed, and the theoretical NA is taken as its practical value, which is not suggested. So far, there has been no proper and commercial apparatus to measure this NA value especially for bare solid immersion objectives. In this work, we propose an extremely simple but very practical approach for the measurement, which inherits the concept of Fourier optics but offers some specific features. Furthermore, we specifically propose an algorithm of multipoint reference to achieve high accuracy of NA value. Detailed comparisons between the proposed algorithm and the previous algorithm of single-point reference are elaborated. An experimental prototype of apertometer for solid immersion objective is built up to verify the proposed approach and algorithm. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the simplest, cheapest, and most practical approach and apparatus for the NA measurement of bare solid immersion objective.
Effects of the β2-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol on capillary geometry in cardiac and skeletal muscles in young and middle-aged rats

The effects of 10 day clenbuterol administration on cardiac and skeletal muscle capillarities were studied, particularly in terms of the distribution of arteriolar and venular capillaries and their capillary density, in young (10-week-old) and middle-aged (37-week-old) male Wistar rats. Rats of the treated groups were fed a diet containing 2 mg kg -1 clenbuterol hydrochloride. In both young and middle aged rats, clenbuterol treatment increased the body wt and the weights of the heart and hindlimb muscles. The mean fibre cross-sectional area was significantly increased after the treatment in the left ventricle, soleus, plantaris and both deep and superficial portions of gastrocnemius (P < 0.01). In the left ventricle, the total capillary density and the density of venular capillaries were decreased after the treatment in both young (9 and 13%, respectively) and middle-aged rats (10 and 11%, respectively). A decrease in total capillary density was also observed in all skeletal muscles examined. In both young and middle-aged rats, the capillary-to-fibre (C:F) ratio and the proportion of each capillary did not change after the treatment in both the left ventricle and skeletal muscles. Clenbuterol significantly decreased the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in all skeletal muscles examined (P < 0.01). These results suggest that clenbuterol increased the diffusion distance for oxygen in the left ventricle and skeletal muscles. These changes may reduce the oxygen supply to tissues and increase muscle fatigability.
Mobility and dissipation studies of metribuzin, atrazine and their metabolites in plainfield sand using field lysimeters

Mobility and persistence of metribuzin (Lexone DF) and its metabolites (deaminated, DA; diketo, DK; deaminated-diketo, DADK) were studied using 75-cm × 15-cm field lysimeters packed with Plainfield sand, and subjected to two moisture regimes (rainfall, supplementary watering). Atrazine was applied to all lysimeters as an internal reference. Each lysimeter set consisted of 24 lysimeters, divided into two moisture treatments of six pairs each. Effluent was monitored for metribuzin, DA, DK, DADK, atrazine and desethylatrazine. Selected core pairs were sectioned (7 × 10 cm) and analyzed to determine mobility and persistence for each chemical at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 21. No chemicals moved more than 30 cm, nor were they detected in the effluent of cores receiving rainfall. In cores receiving supplementary watering, substantial amounts of metribuzin moved more than 30 cm by week 2 and eluted on 21 occasions throughout the study. The DADK and DK were much more mobile than metribuzin in the lysimeters, eluting more frequently than metribuzin. Metribuzin and metabolites were considerably more mobile than either atrazine or desethylatrazine in Plainfield sand. Metribuzin disappearance closely followed first-order kinetics with t1/2 values of 3.08 and 2.04 weeks, respectively, for the rainfall and supplementary watering treatments. The primary degradation pathway for metribuzin was through the DK intermediate rather than the DA intermediate.
Average Periodic Delay-Based Frequency Adaptable Repetitive Control With a Fixed Sampling Rate and Memory of Single-Phase PFC Converters

This article proposes an average periodic delay-based repetitive controller for power factor correction (PFC) converters undergoing grid frequency variations. When the grid frequency is changed, a conventional repetitive controller requires an interpolation method or additional memory to achieve frequency adaptability. Furthermore, frequency adaptability can also be realized using a variable sampling frequency; however, this requires additional computation effort and a multirate digital control system. In this article, with a fixed sampling frequency and memory length, the proposed repetitive controller, which generates the average periodic delay unit, maintains its harmonic compensation performance under grid frequency variations. In the proposed method, the control variables are updated depending on the phase of the grid voltage to reflect the grid frequency deviations in the average period delay unit. Because no complicated software modification is necessary, the proposed scheme can be easily plugged in the existing control algorithm. The theoretical analysis and stability issues of the proposed scheme have been discussed in detail to ensure stable operation and disturbance rejection. Both the simulations and the experiments on a 1.5-kW PFC converter have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed repetitive control.
An Effective 2-Dimension Graph Partitioning for Work Stealing Assisted Graph Processing on Multi-FPGAs

Multi-FPGA architectures have gained great interests in accelerating large-scale graph processing with great potential on high throughput and energy efficiency. As a beneficial complement, work stealing functions effectively to balance the computational workload on different FPGAs dynamically. Unfortunately, existing graph partitioning schemes originally designed in distributed settings potentially mismatch the work stealing-enabled multi-FPGA situations, where the computation is balanced while the communication overhead is unprecedentedly significant. In this paper, we present a 2-dimension balanced graph partitioning for work stealing assisted graph systems on multi-FPGAs, which can reduce communication overhead while preserving the optimal performance of work stealing. Our approach is novel by 1) exploring the tradeoff between load balance dimension and communication dimension in work-stealing-enabled graph processing system for the optimal performance, and 2) optimizing the memory access sequences to improve the granularity of graph partitioning for high-throughput graph analytics. Our experimental results show that our approach achieves 1.63x<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zheng-ieq1-3035090.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>2.56x speedups compared with state-of-the-art FPGA-based graph processing systems.
The physical significance of formulae for the thermal conductivity and viscosity of gaseous mixtures

A physical interpretation is made of various complicated formulae which have been given for the thermal conductivity A and viscosity n of mixtures of gases. The interpretation is based on the recognition of two principal effects operating in the transport of heat or momentum through gaseous mixtures. The first (and larger) effect is that molecules of one species impede transport of heat or momentum by other species. The second effect is a transfer of the transport of heat (or momentum) from one species to another. When the transfer of transport is neglected, equations of the form proposed by Sutherland (1895) and Wassiljewa (1904) follow immediately. For the thermal conductivity (symbols used are defined in the main text): A = E{ni/(niAi-1+Eaijnj)] There is an identical expression for the viscosity, though the values of aij are different from those for the thermal conductivity. The significance to be given to each term of the sum over i is that of a quotient of (i) a force driving conduction, proportional to ni, and (ii) a resistance due to species i(niAi-1) and to all other species (Enjaij). Here Ai-1 is the resistance offered by species i to its own transport, aij and the resistance offered by the species j to transport by i. When the transfer of transport is taken into account, two simultaneous linear equations have to be solved for a binary mixture, and the solution has the form of the quotient of quadratics familiar in the theoretical analysis of mixtures of monatomic gases. For a mixture of N constituents, the resulting expression for A appears as a quotient of determinants. Application of the same principles also throws light on the transport of internal energy in mixtures of polyatomic gases. The total thermal conductivity may be divided into contributions from each species, and each such contribution may be further subdivided into internal and translational parts: thus for a binary mixture it is necessary to replace the pair of simultaneous equations by four. Such linear equations represent a direct generalization of the equations of Mason & Monchick (1962) for a simple gas. In an appendix, the physically significant parameters of the generalized approach employed here are compared explicitly with the predictions of rigorous analysis for mixtures of monatomic gases.
A Large-Scale Empirical Study on the Vulnerability of Deployed IoT Devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become ubiquitous and greatly affected peoples’ daily lives. With the increasing development of IoT devices, the corresponding security issues are becoming more and more challenging. Such a severe security situation raises the following questions that need urgent attention: What are the primary security threats that IoT devices face currently? How do vendors and users deal with these threats? In this article, we aim to answer these critical questions through a large-scale systematic study. Specifically, we perform a ten-month-long empirical study on the vulnerability of 1,362,906 IoT devices varying from six types. The results show sufficient evidence that N-days vulnerability is seriously endangering the IoT devices: 385,060 (28.25 percent) devices suffer from at least one N-days vulnerability. Moreover, 2669 of these vulnerable devices may have been compromised by botnets. We further reveal the massive differences among five popular IoT search engines: Shodan [1], Censys [2], [3], Zoomeye [4], Fofa [5], and NTI [6]. To study whether vendors and users adopt defenses against the threats, we measure the security of MQTT [7] servers, and identify that 12740 (88 percent) MQTT servers have no password protection. Our analysis can serve as an important guideline for investigating the security of IoT devices, as well as advancing the development of a more secure environment for IoT systems.
Analyses of ultrasound-guided percutaneous pediatric kidney biopsy results: A single center experience

Aim: Percutaneous pediatric kidney biopsies (KB) performed in our center for the past 5 years were evaluated retrospectively. The relationship was examined between histopathological results and variables such as age, gender and ethnicity (Turkish and Syrian children). Material and Methods: A total 330 ultrasound-guided percutaneous pediatric KBs were performed in our center between January 2015 and September 2019. The study included 318 pediatric patients comprising 152 females and 178 males with a mean age of 9.50 ± 4.89 years (range, 2 months- 18 years). Indications, results and complications of the KBs were retrospectively evaluated. Histopathological results were statistically compared between genders and three age groups (0-2, 2-12 and 12-18 years of age). Comparisons were made between the ethnicities and histopathological results. Results: The most common indication for KB was nephrotic syndrome (n: 220, 66.7%). In the biopsy results, the most common primary (n: 230, 69.7%) and secondary (n: 74, 22.4%) glomerular diseases were focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n: 101, 30.6%) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (n: 41, 12.4%), respectively. A statistically significant relationship was determined between the biopsy results and age and gender. No statistically significant relationship was observed between the biopsy results and ethnicity. Conclusion: KB is an important intervention for the identification of glomerular diseases, requiring appropriate treatment in children. The ethnic origin of the patients had no effect on the frequency of the type of the diseases.
Secure Mobile Computing by Using Convolutional and Capsule Deep Neural Networks

SECURE MOBILE COMPUTING BY USING CONVOLUTIONAL AND CAPSULE DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS Rui Ning Old Dominion University, 2020 Director: Dr. Hongyi Wu Mobile devices are becoming smarter to satisfy modern user’s increasing needs better, which is achieved by equipping divers of sensors and integrating the most cutting-edge Deep Learning (DL) techniques. As a sophisticated system, it is often vulnerable to multiple attacks (side-channel attacks, neural backdoor, etc.). This dissertation proposes solutions to maintain the cyber-hygiene of the DL-Based smartphone system by exploring possible vulnerabilities and developing countermeasures. First, I actively explore possible vulnerabilities on the DL-Based smartphone system to develop proactive defence mechanisms. I discover a new side-channel attack on smartphones using the unrestricted magnetic sensor data. I demonstrate that attackers can effectively infer the Apps being used on a smartphone with an accuracy of over 80%, through training a deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Various signal processing strategies have been studied for feature extractions, including a tempogram based scheme. Moreover, by further exploiting the unrestricted motion sensor to cluster magnetometer data, the sniffing accuracy can increase to as high as 98%. To mitigate such attacks, I propose a noise injection scheme that can effectively reduce the App sniffing accuracy to only 15% and, at the same time, has a negligible effect on benign Apps. On the other hand, I leverage the DL technique to build reactive malware detection schemes. I propose an innovative approach, named CapJack, to detect in-browser malicious cryptocurrency mining activities by using the latest CapsNet technology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to introduce CapsNet to the field of malware detection through system-behavioural analysis. It is particularly useful to detect malicious miners under multitasking environments where multiple applications run simultaneously. Finally, as DL itself is vulnerable to model-based attacks, I proactively explore possible attacks against the DL model. To this end, I discover a new clean label attack, named Invisible Poison, which stealthily and aggressively plants a backdoor in neural networks (NN). It converts a trigger to noise concealed inside regular images for training NN, to plant a backdoor that can be later activated by the trigger. The attack has the following distinct properties. First, it is a black-box attack, requiring zero-knowledge about the target NN model. Second, it employs “invisible poison” to achieve stealthiness where the trigger is disguised as “noise” that is therefore invisible to human, but at the same time, still remains significant in the feature space and thus is highly effective to poison training data.
Wireless Infrared-Based LiFi Uplink Transmission With Link Blockage and Random Device Orientation

Light-fidelity (LiFi) is recognised as a promising technology for next generation wireless access networks. However, limited research efforts have been spent on the uplink (UL) transmission system in LiFi networks. In this article, a wireless infrared (IR)-based LiFi UL system is investigated. In particular, we focus on the performance of a single static user under the influence of random device orientation and link blockage. Simulations and mathematical analysis have been used to evaluate the UL system performance. The analytical expressions for the UL optical wireless channel and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) statistics under the effects of random device orientation and link blockage are derived. The results show that the effects of random orientation and link blockage may lead to a decrease in coverage probability by 10% - 40% with various SNR thresholds.
The Relationship of Active Elderly Posyandu Visits and Family Support with the Quality of Life of the Elderly in the Work Area of Puskesmas in Ulak Tano, Paluta Regency, 2019

Quality of life is related to the welfare of the elderly, where the indicators can be seen through a person's physical, psychological and social relationships seen simultaneously. The initial survey showed that 56.3% of elderly people whose quality of life were not good in the work area of Puskesmas in Ulak Tano, Paluta Regency received family support and 68.7% always came to Posyandu. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between active elderly Posyandu visits and family support (informational support, appreciation support, instrumental support and emotional support) with the quality of life of the elderly in the work area of Puskesmas in Ulak Tano, Paluta Regency, 2019. The research design used was cross sectional. The population in this study were all elderly in the work area of the Puskesmas in Ulak Tano, Paluta Regency, 2019 as many as 949 elderly. The sample was all elderly who live in the work area of Puskesmas in Ulak Tano and registered at the Puskesmas in Ulak Tano, 2019. The sampling technique was proportional random sampling totaling 196 elderly. Data obtained through interviews using a questionnaire. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the variables related to the quality of life of the elderly were appreciation support (p=0.025), instrumental support (p=0.048) and emotional support (p=0.024). Meanwhile, the variables that were not related to the quality of life of the elderly were active elderly Posyandu visits (p=0.420) and informational support (p=0.576). From the results of the multivariate analysis, the most dominant variable related to the quality of life of the elderly was appreciation support with Exp (B) of 2.049 (95% CI 1,140-3,684) meaning that the elderly who received appreciation support, the opportunity to have a good quality of life was 2.049 times greater than with the unsupported. It is recommended that the Health Officer at Puskesmas in Ulak Tano pay more attention to the quality of life of the elderly in the working area of the Puskesmas, and increase family involvement in caring for the elderly.
A simple positive pressure apparatus for the ultra-filtration of soil solution

Abstract A positive pressure filtration apparatus is described which employs compressed gas to provide the differential pressure required to permit the ultrafiltration of soil solution. The apparatus uses low‐cost membrane filter elements and is suitable for use with small volume samples, as there is little retention of solution within the filtration cells. Initial flow rates of‐5 and 25 mL/min were achieved through 0.025 and 0.05 μm pore‐diameter filter elements, respectively. Compressed nitrogen is the preferred gas source as exposure of solutions of pH 6 or higher to compressed air resulted in a lowering of pH levels.
Deep learning model to reconstruct 3D cityscapes by generating depth maps from omnidirectional images and its application to visual preference prediction

Abstract We developed a method to generate omnidirectional depth maps from corresponding omnidirectional images of cityscapes by learning each pair of an omnidirectional and a depth map, created by computer graphics, using pix2pix. Models trained with different series of images, shot under different site and sky conditions, were applied to street view images to generate depth maps. The validity of the generated depth maps was then evaluated quantitatively and visually. In addition, we conducted experiments to evaluate Google Street View images using multiple participants. We constructed a model that predicts the preference label of these images with and without the generated depth maps using the classification method with deep convolutional neural networks for general rectangular images and omnidirectional images. The results demonstrate the extent to which the generalization performance of the cityscape preference prediction model changes depending on the type of convolutional models and the presence or absence of generated depth maps.