Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A note on the stationary Euler equations of hydrodynamics

This note concerns stationary solutions of the Euler equations for an ideal fluid on a closed 3-manifold. We prove that if the velocity field of such a solution has no zeroes and real analytic Bernoulli function, then it can be rescaled to the Reeb vector field of a stable Hamiltonian structure. In particular, such a vector field has a periodic orbit unless the 3-manifold is a torus bundle over the circle. We provide a counterexample showing that the correspondence breaks down without the real analyticity hypothesis.
On a continuation approach in Tikhonov regularization and its application in piecewise-constant parameter identification

We present a new approach to the convexification of the Tikhonov regularization using a continuation method strategy. We embed the original minimization problem into a one-parameter family of minimization problems. Both the penalty term and the minimizer of the Tikhonov functional become dependent on a continuation parameter. In this way we can independently treat two main roles of the regularization term, which are the stabilization of the ill-posed problem and introduction of the a priori knowledge. For zero continuation parameter we solve a relaxed regularization problem, which stabilizes the ill-posed problem in a weaker sense. The problem is recast to the original minimization by the continuation method and so the a priori knowledge is enforced. We apply this approach in the context of topology-to-shape geometry identification, where it allows us to avoid the convergence of gradient-based methods to a local minima. We present illustrative results for magnetic induction tomography which is an example of PDE-constrained inverse problem.
Graphlike families of multiweights

Let ${\cal G}=(G,w)$ be a weighted graph , that is, a graph $G$ endowed with a function $w$ from the edge set of $G$ to the set of real numbers; for any subset $S$ of the vertex set of $G$, we define $D_S({\cal G})$ to be the minimum of the weights of the subgraphs of $G$ whose vertex set contains $S$; we call $D_S({\cal G})$ a multiweight of ${\cal G}$. Let $X$ be a finite set and let $\{D_S\}_{S \subset X, \; \sharp S \geq 2} $ be a family of positive real numbers. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the family to be the family of multiweights of a positive-weighted graph with vertex set $X$. Moreover we study the analogous problem for trees. Finally, we find a criterion to say if there exists a nonnegative-weighted tree ${\cal T}$ with leaf set $X$ and such that $D_S ({\cal T})=D_S $ for any $S \subset X$.
Lead Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms of Koelreuteria paniculata: A Newly Potential Plant for Sustainable Phytoremediation of Pb-Contaminated Soil

Phytoremediation could be an alternative strategy for lead (Pb) contamination. K. paniculata has been reported as a newly potential plant for sustainable phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil. Physiological indexes, enrichment accumulation characteristics, Pb subcellular distribution and microstructure of K. paniculata were carefully studied at different levels of Pb stress (0–1200 mg/L). The results showed that plant growth increased up to 123.8% and 112.7%, relative to the control group when Pb stress was 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L, respectively. However, the average height and biomass of K. paniculata decrease when the Pb stress continues to increase. In all treatment groups, the accumulation of Pb in plant organs showed a trend of root > stem > leaf, and Pb accumulation reached 81.31%~86.69% in the root. Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b showed a rising trend and then fell with increasing Pb stress. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity showed a positive trend followed by a negative decline, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly increased with increasing levels of Pb exposure stress. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that Pb accumulates in the inactive metabolic regions (cell walls and vesicles) in roots and stems, which may be the main mechanism for plants to reduce Pb biotoxicity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that Pb stress increased the content of intracellular -OH and -COOH functional groups. Through organic acids, polysaccharides, proteins and other compounds bound to Pb, the adaptation and tolerance of K. paniculata to Pb were enhanced. K. paniculata showed good phytoremediation potential and has broad application prospects for heavy metal-contaminated soil.
Preconditions and benefits of digital twin-based business ecosystems in manufacturing

ABSTRACT Digital twins have been recognized as a remarkable enabler for the growth of service business in manufacturing. This study focuses on the preconditions and benefits related to developing new ecosystem-based services around digital twins. As the digital twin business ecosystem is very complex and the goal of the research was to gain an in-depth knowledge in this field, the empirical evidence builds on qualitative data gathered from six case companies in the manufacturing sector. The results show that at the individual company level, the emergence of the ecosystems is determined by goal orientation and willingness to share information. The expected benefits are related to effective resource utilization, possibilities for co-learning, and new business creation. At the ecosystem level, forming a digital twin business ecosystem requires technical receptivity and common interests and goals among the members, as well as a strong customer-centric approach. At its best, a digital twin business ecosystem provides inter-organizational value for its members. This study provides new insights into developing new ecosystem-based services related to digital twins, both from the service provider and utilizer viewpoints. Further studies could broaden the implications by testing the relationships between specific preconditions and benefits at the company and ecosystem levels.
Effect of Gamma Radiation and Borax on Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Chitosan Blend Film

The creation and characterisation of biodegradable blend films based on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol for application in a range of packaging is described. The compatibility between the chitosan and PVA polymers was good. Composite films had a compact and homogeneous structure, according to the morphology analysis. The mechanical test result of PVA/CH at concentrations 5% showed, that The higher values of TS recorded in sample (p1, with 40 MPa) while the lower values appeared in sample (p9, with 22.09 MPa), the TS decreased gradually as the amount of PVA increased in blend film. While the blend film of pure Chitosan exhibits a poor mechanical strength which makes it a poor candidate for packaging but Blending CH with PVA together improved tensile strength. PVA/CH at concentrations 10%. Showed the higher TS values appeared in sample (C1 with 36.64MPa) while the lower values of TS appeared in sample (C9 with 24.4 MPa). In comparison with pure PVA have the lower TS than all blend film. The result of mechanical properties after addition of borax solution revealed that the Borax improves the E at max and TS of blend films. Mechanical properties results of CH/PVA/Tio2, Showed that the TS and E at max were increased after introducing of Tio2 into the polymer matrix. The P1 sample have been chosen according to their possess acceptable TS, E at max to be subjected to gamma radiation at different doses 2.3, 3.5, 4.5, 6, 7.5 kGy. The results demonstrated, that the increasing the radiation doses lead to increasing in TS of blend film, following increasing in E at max, the highest TS of the irradiated films is observed at 7.5. kGy dose.
Algebraic Characters for Harish-Chandra modules

We give a cohomological treatment of a character theory for (g,K)-modules. This leads to a nice formalism extending to large categories of not necessarily admissible (g,K)-modules. Due to results of Hecht, Schmid and Vogan the classical results of Harish-Chandra's global character theory extend to this general setting. As an application we consider a general setup, for which we show that algebraic characters answer discretely decomposable branching problems.
Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Pregnant women frequently supplement their diets with iron to treat any cryptic anemia, on the assumption that if anemia is not present, there will be no negative consequences. However, in women who are already iron-replete, it has been suggested that this can lead to iron overload and an increased risk of certain pregnancy complications. One such complication is gestational diabetes. Fourteen clinical trials, case–control or cohort studies (found using Pubmed/Scopus/Web of Science) have investigated links between iron supplementation in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes, several of them finding significant associations with increased risk. Potential mechanisms include increased oxidative stress leading to insulin resistance and inadequate compensatory insulin secretion. Current evidence suggests that dietary supplementation with iron in pregnancy may increase a pregnant woman’s chance of developing gestational diabetes, although available evidence is somewhat contradictory, and the magnitude of any increased risk appears relatively small. Meta-analyses have suggested the presence of significant heterogeneity in results between studies, urging a degree of caution in interpreting these results. It is currently suggested that advice to pregnant women about whether to supplement their diets with iron or not should consider both their current iron status and their other established risk factors for gestational diabetes.
On the well-posedness and asymptotic behavior of the generalized KdV-Burgers equation

In this paper we are concerned with the well-posedness and the exponential stabilization of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries Burgers equation, posed on the whole real line, under the effect of a damping term. Both problems are investigated when the exponent p in the nonlinear term ranges over the interval $[1,5)$. We first prove the global well-posedness in $H^s(R)$, for $0 \leq s \leq 3$ and $1 \leq p < 2$, and in $H^3(R)$, when $p \geq 2$. For $2 \leq p < 5$, we prove the existence of global solutions in the $L^2$-setting. Then, by using multiplier techniques combined with interpolation theory, the exponential stabilization is obtained for a indefinite damping term and $1 \leq p < 2$. Under the effect of a localized damping term the result is obtained when $2 \leq p < 5$. Combining multiplier techniques and compactness arguments it is shown that the problem of exponential decay is reduced to prove the unique continuation property of weak solutions
Wishart Processes

Based on a student research project this article gives a short review on Wishart processes. A Wishart procces is a matrix valued continuous time stochastic process with a marginal Wishart distribution. The Wishart distribution is a matrix variate generalization of the chi-squared distribution. Since Wishart processes are defined as a solution to a stochastic differential equation, the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions will be discussed comprehensively. It is also shown that some solutions of the stochastic differential equation can be expressed as squares of matrix variate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. Wishart processes have the property of being symmetric positive definite and are therefore heavily used for modeling interest rates or the covariance matrix in stochastic volatility models.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF SEVEN SPECIES OF ALBIZIA SEEDLINGS AT NURSERY STAGE IN BANGLADESH

Seedlings of Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth; A. lebbek (L.) Benth; A.chinensis (Osbeck) Merril; A. falcateria (L) Fosberg; A. odoratissima Benth; A. richardiana King and Prain and A. lucida Roxb.Benth. were raised in transparent polybags (10 cm X 15 cm) to study their growth performances at nursery stage in Bangladesh condition. Performance of seedlings growth of all the seven Albizia species showed strong correlation with seasonal variations (wet, semi-dry and dry season). Height and diameter growth continued to rise up in wet (April - July) and semi-dry (August - November) seasons whereas in dry period (December - March) there was practically no growth at all. Leaf formation also showed the same correlation with seasonal variations. Among all the seven Albizia species, A. procera, A. chinensis and A. falcateria seedlings showed the best performance and are recommended as plantation species in Bangladesh.
Birkhoff's version of Hilbert's metric and its applications in analysis

This is a survey article concerning applications of Hilbert's metric in the analysis and dynamics of linear and nonlinear mappings on cones. It will appear as a chapter in the "Handbook of Hilbert geometry", ed. G. Besson, A. Papadopoulos and M. Troyanov, European Mathematical Society Publishing House, Z\"urich.
Quantum ergodicity in mixed and kam hamiltonian systems

In this thesis, we investigate quantum ergodicity for two classes of Hamiltonian systems satisfying intermediate dynamical hypotheses between the well understood extremes of ergodic flow and quantum completely integrable flow. These two classes are mixed Hamiltonian systems and KAM Hamiltonian systems. Hamiltonian systems with mixed phase space decompose into finitely many invariant subsets, only some of which are of ergodic character. It has been conjectured by Percival that the eigenfunctions of the quantisation of this system decompose into associated families of analogous character. The first project in this thesis proves a weak form of this conjecture for a class of dynamical billiards, namely the mushroom billiards of Bunimovich for a full measure subset of a shape parameter $t\in (0,2]$. KAM Hamiltonian systems arise as perturbations of completely integrable Hamiltonian systems. The dynamics of these systems are well understood and have near-integrable character. The classical-quantum correspondence suggests that the quantisation of KAM systems will not have quantum ergodic character. The second project in this thesis proves an initial negative quantum ergodicity result for a class of positive Gevrey perturbations of a Gevrey Hamiltonian that satisfy a mild "slow torus" condition.
Invertible Toeplitz products, weighted norm inequalities, and A${}_p$ weights

In this paper, we characterize invertible Toeplitz products on a number of Banach spaces of analytic functions, including weighted Bergman space $L^p_a (\mathbb{B}_n, dv_\gamma)$, the Hardy space $H^p(\partial \mathbb{D})$, and the weighted Fock space F${}_\alpha ^p$ for $p > 1$. The common tool in the proofs of our characterizations will be the theory of weighted norm inequalities and A${}_p$ type weights. Moreover, we analyze and compare the various A${}_p$ type conditions that arise in our characterizations. Finally, we extend the "reverse H\"older inequality" of Zheng and Stroethoff \cite{SZ1, SZ2} for $p = 2$ to the general case of $p > 1$.
Aging uncoupled continuous time random walk limits

Aging is a prevalent phenomenon in physics, chemistry and many other fields. In this paper we consider the aging process of uncoupled Continuous Time Random Walk Limits (CTRWL) which are Levy processes time changed by the inverse stable subordinator of index $0 <\alpha< 1$. We apply a recent method developed by Meerscheart and Straka of finding the finite dimensional distributions of CTRWL, to obtaining the aging process's finite dimensional distributions, self-similarity-like property, asymptotic behavior and its Fractional Fokker-Planck equation.
Target Mechanisms of the Cyanotoxin Cylindrospermopsin in Immortalized Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin that occurs in aquatic environments worldwide. It is known for its delayed effects in animals and humans such as inhibition of protein synthesis or genotoxicity. The molecular targets and the cell physiological mechanisms of CYN, however, are not well studied. As inhalation of CYN-containing aerosols has been identified as a relevant route of CYN uptake, we analyzed the effects of CYN on protein expression in cultures of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o−) using a proteomic approach. Proteins whose expression levels were affected by CYN belonged to several functional clusters, mainly regulation of protein stability, cellular adhesion and integration in the extracellular matrix, cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and completion of cytokinesis. With a few exceptions of upregulated proteins (e.g., ITI inhibitor of serine endopeptidases and mRNA stabilizer PABPC1), CYN mediated the downregulation of many proteins. Among these, centrosomal protein 55 (CEP55) and osteonectin (SPARC) were significantly reduced in their abundance. Results of the detailed semi-quantitative Western blot analyses of SPARC, claudin-6, and CEP55 supported the findings from the proteomic study that epithelial cell adhesion, attenuation of cell proliferation, delayed completion of mitosis, as well as induction of genomic instability are major effects of CYN in eukaryotic cells.
Rowmotion in slow motion

Rowmotion is a simple cyclic action on the distributive lattice of order ideals of a poset: it sends the order ideal x to the order ideal generated by the minimal elements not in x . It can also be computed in ‘slow motion’ as a sequence of local moves. We use the setting of trim lattices to generalize both definitions of rowmotion, proving many structural results along the way. We introduce a flag simplicial complex (similar to the canonical join complex of a semidistributive lattice) and relate our results to recent work of Barnard by proving that extremal semidistributive lattices are trim. As a corollary, we prove that if A is a representation finite algebra and modA has no cycles, then the torsion classes of A ordered by inclusion form a trim lattice.
Signed edge domination numbers of complete tripartite graphs: Part 2

The closed neighborhood $N_G[e]$ of an edge $e$ in a graph $G$ is the set consisting of $e$ and of all edges having an end-vertex in common with $e$. Let $f$ be a function on $E(G)$, the edge set of $G$, into the set $\{-1,1\}$. If $\sum_{x\in{N[e]}}f(x)\geq 1$ for each edge $e \in E(G)$, then $f$ is called a signed edge dominating function of $G$. The signed edge domination number of $G$ is the minimum weight of a signed edge dominating function of $G$. In this paper, we find the signed edge domination number of the complete tripartite graph $K_{m,n,p}$, where $1\leq m\leq n$ and $p\geq m+n$. This completes the search for the signed edge domination numbers of the complete tripartite graphs.
Process Monitoring, Diagnosis and Control of Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) can build up complex parts in a layer-by-layer manner, which is a kind of novel and flexible production technology. The special manufacturing capability of AM shows great application potential in various fields. However, an open-loop control method cannot guarantee the reliability and repeatability of an AM process. Defects often occur to deteriorate product quality and lead to material and time waste, which hinders the development of AM industry. In this regard, a lot of efforts have been made to make an AM process more controllable. This work proposes an AM control framework that divides the related studies into three feedback loops, including the in-situ monitoring of process defects, fault diagnosis of 3-D printers, and closed-loop control of an AM process. These three loops constitute the inspection and control of AM from the machine level to product level. Specifically, the measurement requirements for monitoring techniques, defect detection, fault diagnosis, and closed-loop control are summarized. The challenges and future trends in realizing a more reliable and repeatable AM process are discussed. Note to Practitioners—This survey is motivated by urgent need to solve product quality problems in additive manufacturing (AM) caused by open-loop control. Three feedback loops can be established to solve them. The first one is defect detection that inspects part quality during fabrication. The second one is the fault diagnosis of a 3-D printer that monitors the health and operation conditions of its actuators. The last one is closed-loop control that improves AM process reliability and repeatability by regulating process variables in real time. These three loops are all based on the feedback signals of in-situ monitoring systems. This paper reviews the related studies and provides guidance for establishing the monitoring systems, performing defect detection and fault diagnosis, and designing closed-loop control systems, which helps realize more reliable and repeatable AM.
On ELSV-type formulae, Hurwitz numbers and
 topological recursion

We present several recent developments on ELSV-type formulae and topological recursion concerning Chiodo classes and several kind of Hurwitz numbers. The main results appeared in D. Lewanski, A. Popolitov, S. Shadrin, D. Zvonkine, "Chiodo formulas for the r-th roots and topological recursion", Lett. Math. Phys. (2016).
Possibility of large lifetime differences in neutral B meson systems

We investigate new physics models that can increase the lifetime differences in the B{sub q}-B{sub q} systems (q=d, s) above their standard model values. If both B{sub q} as well as B{sub q} can decay to a final state through flavor dependent new physics interactions, the so-called Grossman bound may be evaded. As examples, we consider the scalar leptoquark model and {lambda}{sup ''}-type R-parity violating supersymmetry. We find that models with a scalar leptoquark can enhance {delta}{gamma}{sub s}/{gamma}{sub s} all the way up to its experimental upper bound and {delta}{gamma}{sub d}/{gamma}{sub d} to as much as {approx}2.5%, at the same time allowing the CP violating phase {beta}{sub s} to vary between -45 deg. and 20 deg. R-parity violating supersymmetry models cannot enhance the lifetime differences significantly, but can enhance the value of {beta}{sub s} up to {approx}{+-}20 deg. This may bring the values of {delta}{gamma}{sub q}/{gamma}{sub q} as well as {beta}{sub s} within the measurement capabilities of B factories and the B physics experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHCb). We also obtain bounds on combinations of these new physics couplings, and predict enhanced branching ratios of B{sub s/d}{yields}{tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup -}.