Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Padina Spp.: Morphology Re-evaluation of the Israeli Brown Algae

Padina spp. flourishes in the inter-tidal zone around the world, mainly in the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, at ± 30 latitudes. In the Israeli shores, it grows primarily on abrasion platform of aeolianite ridges. In almost two year's observation, two Padina spp. growing in Tel-Baruch and other coastlines were monitored: P. pavonica which flourish most of the year, and P. gymnospora which flourish from May to December. This article described the phenotypic morphology pattern in which Padina spp. were expressed, with particular attention to P. pavonica and the differences between the two types of brown algae.
The Effect of Dental Implant Length and Diameter on the Stress Distribution at the Implant-Bone Interface of the Immediate Loading Implants : A 3 / D Finite Element Analysis

Aims: to evaluate the effect of implant length and diameter on the values and distribution of stresses of immediate loading implants by using three-dimensional (3D) finite elements (FE) analysis. Materials and Method: A 3-D FE model of an implant embedded in a block of bone was used in this study. The implant was LEADER/ ITALIA-Fix type which is specially designed for immediate loading. ANSYS V.12 program was used to build solid model of the implant and bone, and performing the finite element analysis. Two lengths of implant were used (11mm. and 13mm). , and two diameters (3.75mm. and 4.25mm.). Results: The results showed that the areas of maximum stress of all lengths and diameters are located at the neck of implants, the increase in the implant length from 11mm. to 13mm. leading to slightly increase in the stress at the implant-bone interface, while the increase in the diameter from 3.75mm. to 4.25mm. having no significant effect in increasing the value of stresses around dental implants. Conclusions: The increase in the implant length is negatively affect on stress values, but it leads to better dissipation of stresses around dental implant. The increase in the diameter having no obvious effect on stress values. However, it reduce the area of maximum stress at the implant neck. Key wards: immediate loading implants, implant length, implant diameter, finite element analysis. Mohamad TH, Al-Adel U, Wahbeh E. The Effect of Dental Implant Length and Diameter on the Stress Distribution at the Implant-Bone Interface of the Immediate Loading Implants: A 3/D Finite Element Analysis. Al–Rafidain Dent J. 2013; 13(1): 44-51. Received: 22/5/2011 Sent to Referees: 30/5/2011 Accepted for Publication: 18/7/201
Work orientation: Dimensionality and internal model

In this study, we investigate the dimensionality of work orientation and propose an internal model. Our study considers the model of work orientation presented by Bellah et al. (1985). This model assumes that there are three types of work orientation: calling, career, and job. We undertook a transversal study of 959 Portuguese adults between the ages of 18 and 71, who were all currently working. We used confirmatory factor analysis to study the dimensionality of work orientation and, to study the internal model of work orientation, we used structural equation modelling. Together, the results of these analyses suggest that work orientation is indeed three-dimensional and, additionally, suggest that work orientation dimensions have a direct impact on each other. This study provides important contributions to the theory of work orientation and introduces for discussion and future research an even greater set of questions.
Compiler Error Messages Considered Unhelpful: The Landscape of Text-Based Programming Error Message Research

Diagnostic messages generated by compilers and interpreters such as syntax error messages have been researched for over half of a century. Unfortunately, these messages which include error, warning, and run-time messages, present substantial difficulty and could be more effective, particularly for novices. Recent years have seen an increased number of papers in the area including studies on the effectiveness of these messages, improving or enhancing them, and their usefulness as a part of programming process data that can be used to predict student performance, track student progress, and tailor learning plans. Despite this increased interest, the long history of literature is quite scattered and has not been brought together in any digestible form. In order to help the computing education community (and related communities) to further advance work on programming error messages, we present a comprehensive, historical and state-of-the-art report on research in the area. In addition, we synthesise and present the existing evidence for these messages including the difficulties they present and their effectiveness. We finally present a set of guidelines, curated from the literature, classified on the type of evidence supporting each one (historical, anecdotal, and empirical). This work can serve as a starting point for those who wish to conduct research on compiler error messages, runtime errors, and warnings. We also make the bibtex file of our 300+ reference corpus publicly available. Collectively this report and the bibliography will be useful to those who wish to design better messages or those that aim to measure their effectiveness, more effectively.
Adoption of Improved Wheat Cultivation Technologies in Unnao District of Uttar Pradesh

A study was conducted in one district of U.P. ‘Unnao’ which has a Krishi Vigyan kendra run by Non-Govt. Organization. The KVK is repository of scientific knowledge for agriculture and its allied disciplines and it can be transmitted through effective extension means to the farmers who, in turn, can use this knowledge to improve the production and productivity in their farm operations. KVKs are playing a vital role across the rural economy in areas as diverse as animal husbandry, horticulture, plant protection and food processing. KVK’s role in these sectors is crucial as it is ideally placed to disseminate field-tested proven technologies with appropriate modulations which addresses location specific problems and concerns on the prevailing natural and socio-economic conditions, needs and priorities. In this study, extents of adoption of eight selected improved cultivation practices of wheat production technologies were measured. To measure the extent of adoption and to campare the impact of training on extent of adoption, 110 number of respondents were selected from trained farmers and the same number of respondents were selected from surrounding area who had not been trained. Study was conducted in three different ways- firstly, all respondents were interviewed and categorised in to three groups of high, medium and low category of farmers for adoption of improved wheat production technologies. Secondly, overall adoption for both categories of respondents was measured and lastly difference between the adoption of both categories of respondents was reckoned in terms of adoption of different practices of wheat production. High level of adoption was seen in adopting appropriate seed-rate (63.64% in trained groups) and (55.45% in untrained groups), whereas majority of the farmers were falling under medium adopters.
The Free Radial Forearm Flap versus the Pedicled Pectoralismajor Myocutaneous Flap for Quality Reconstruction of Oesophageal and Hypopharyngeal Defects and Literature Review

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of free radial forearm flap and pectoralis major flap for the reconstruction of hypopharyngo-oesophageal defects, highlighting the technical feasibility, complications, functional outcome and literature review. Methods: From 2012 to 2016, twelve patients with laryngeal carcinoma underwent laryngectomy, hypopharyngeal esophagectomy, and reconstruction of pharyngo-oesophageal defects with free radial forearm flapin eight cases andpedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in four cases. Ten patients had partial defect, and two patients had total circumferential defect. The flap selection was based on the general condition of the patient. The patients with better general condition underwent microvascular free RFF reconstruction in contrast to debilitating patients who had PM reconstruction. Results: All flaps survived. The successful outcome was confirmed by swallowing test with gastrographin, and associated with oral alimentation, good uncomplicated swallowing and improved quality of life. Two patients with radial forearm flap microvascular reconstruction developed fistula formation andone stricture. Two patients with pectoralis major reconstruction developed fistula formation and stricture. Two patients died due to tumour recurrence. Oral alimentation was achieved in eleven patients. The patients who underwent radial forearm flap microvascular reconstruction reported better quality of life in terms of swallowing and cosmetic appearance comparing to pectoralis major reconstruction, whereas there were equal results in terms of speech. Conclusion: The radial forearm flap and the pectoralis major flap safeguard a feasible reconstruction of hypopharyngo-oesophageal neo-tube and provide satisfactory and consistent functional results. However the free radial forearm flap offers better quality reconstruction and is considered a superior reconstructive option for the patients who can tolerate major surgery.
Posterior Fixation Combined with Vertebroplasty or Vertebral Column Resection for the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures with Intravertebral Cleft Complicated by Neurological Deficits

Purpose The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relative benefits of posterior fixation combined with vertebroplasty (PFVP) or vertebral column resection (PVCR) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) with intravertebral cleft (IVC) complicated by neurological deficits. Methods From June 2010 to January 2015, 45 consecutive patients suffering OVCFs with IVC and spinal cord injuries were treated with PFVP or PVCR in our department. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, anterior vertebral height (AVH), posterior vertebral height (PVH), local kyphotic angle (LKA), and neurologic function were evaluated and compared, and the operative duration, blood loss, and complications were also recorded. Results They all achieved excellent pain relief, vertebral height recovery, and kyphosis correction one month after surgery, and no significant differences existed between the two groups. No significant differences were observed between the 1-month postoperative and final follow-up VAS, AVH, and LKA values in the PVCR group (P > 0.05), while AVH and LKA worsened in the PFVP group at the final follow-up (P < 0.05). Similarly, the initial improvements in VAS scores decreased over time (P < 0.05). Neurologic function improved in both groups, and no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups either preoperatively or postoperatively (P > 0.05). The blood loss and operative duration were significantly lower in the PFVP group than those in the PVCR group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with PVCR, PFVP had equivalent short-term clinical outcomes with less blood loss and operative duration which can be very beneficial for treating elderly patients with extreme comorbidities in this condition. However, based on the long-term efficacy of pain relief, vertebral height maintenance, and deformity correction, PVCR is a more reasonable choice.
Evaluation of bat-related knowledge, perceptions, and practices in an urban community: A strategy for Conservation Biology and health promotion

The aim of this ethnozoological study was to identify variables related to knowledge, perceptions, and practices associated with the occurrence of bats in an urban area. We carried a retrospective observational study with residents of 31 cases and 178 control households. We defined the cases as households where accidents occurred from 2012 to 2015, according to official health records. The control households have no accident record in the same area. We conducted data collection through a semi-structured questionnaire and performed descriptive analyses and proportion (chi-square) to identify differences between the responses of cases and controls. We have identified important gaps in relation to basic knowledge, good practices, and the importance of bats to public health. These findings should be targeted for intervention and correction by environmental educators and health managers aimed at reducing the risk of accidents with bats and zoonosis, mainly rabies.
Increasing the Permeability of Hydrothermally Altered Andesite by Transitory Heating

Changes in permeability can impact geological processes, geohazards, and geothermal energy production. In hydrothermal systems, high‐temperature heat sources drive fluid convection through the pore network of reservoir rocks. Additionally, thermal fluctuations may induce microfracturing and affect the mineralogical stability of the reservoir rock, thus modifying the fluid pathways and affecting permeability and strength. This study describes the results of thermal heating events lasting several hours on a “moderately altered” plagioclase‐clinochlore‐calcite‐quartz andesite and a “highly altered” plagioclase‐clinozoisite‐quartz‐clinochlore andesite from the Rotokawa Geothermal Field, New Zealand. We use a low thermal gradient (~1.2 °C/min) in an H2O‐saturated, 20‐MPa pressure environment to constrain changes in petrophysical properties associated with transitory thermal phenomena between 350 and 739 °C. As the treatment temperature increases, the mass reduces, while porosity and permeability increase. These effects were greater in the “moderately altered” andesite than in the “highly altered” andesite. Microfracturing is responsible for these changes at lower temperatures (e.g., ≤400 °C). At higher temperatures (e.g., >400 °C), microfracturing remains partially responsible for these rock property changes (e.g., higher permeability); however, these changes are also a product of clinochlore, quartz, and (when present) calcite reacting out of the altered andesite, and increasing porosity. We propose that at temperatures >400 °C, volumetric phase changes associated with heat‐driven reactions in a wet environment can contribute to microcracking and porosity/permeability changes. Our data support observations where high‐temperature conditions at the margins of magma bodies can be associated with substantial increased permeability and decreased strength.
Multibound Soliton Formation in an Erbium-Doped Ring Laser With a Highly Nonlinear Resonator

We have studied the generation of low-noise ultrashort multibound solitons in the telecommunication spectral window in an erbium-doped all-fiber ring laser with a highly-nonlinear resonator mode-locked by a nonlinear polarization evolution effect. The multibound soliton generation is obtained with more than 20 bound dechirped pulses with a duration of ~ 240 fs at a repetition rate of ~ 11.3 MHz (with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~ 73.3 dB), the relative intensity noise is <−140 dBc/Hz, and the Allan deviation of the repetition frequency does not exceed $\sim 1.3\cdot 10^{\mathbf {-8}}$ with a time averaging window of ~ 100 s.
Analyzing the effects of salvage on timber price in a reforested region with plantations in the Iberian Peninsula Auswirkungen von Schadholzanfall auf den Holzpreis in wiederbewaldeten Plantagen auf der iberischen Halbinsel

Under perfect competition, the economic law of supply suggests that a catastrophe such as forest fires or hurricanes will push timber prices down in the short-run, while in the long-run the price will increase due to the losses of standing inventory. The main goal of this research is to check if this fact is verified in the eucalyptus timber market of Galicia. This region is characterized by having one of the highest number of forest fires per hectare in South Europe and by the concentration of the eucalyptus timber demand in one pulp company that exports most of the output. In our study, we specifically analyze the statistical relationship between eucalyptus salvaged timber and eucalyptus timber price. We make use of three statistical methods: the Pearson ́s correlation coefficient, the Granger causality test and the cross-correlation functions. We found that damaged timber does not have causal effect on eucalyptus timber price. This finding is in line with previous results for pulpwood in other countries. It suggests that the specific structure of the eucalyptus timber market in Galicia, the development of growing stock and the high risk level of wildfires in this region may have limited the response of eucalyptus pulpwood price to salvage timber. Seite 48 Álvarez-Diaz, M. , González-Gómez M. and Otero Giráldez, M.S.
DIVERSITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI IN THE ROOT, LEAF, STOLON AND PETIOLE OF ASIATIC PENNYWORT (Centella asiatica)

Endophytic fungi live in healthy tissues of many plants, including in medicinal plant such as Asiatic pennywort ( Centella asiatica ) . These fungi exist in different parts of the plant as symbionts. The study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from various parts of Asiatic pennywort of Malaysia accession and characterize their nature. Three individual plants of Asiatic pennywort (3 months-old) were obtained from the Sringanis Medicinal Garden in Bogor. The endophytes were isolated on Malt Extract Agar. The community structures of the endophytes were analyzed based on their diversity, colonization, dominance index, and relative frequency of occurrence of the isolated endophytic fungi. A total of 78 isolates have been obtained from three individual plants and clustered into 22 morphotypes consisted of 18 morphotypes of Ascomycota and 4 morphotypes of Basidiomycota divisions. The stolons harbored more endophytes (22.9 %) followed by leaf (16.7 %), root (11.8 %), and petiole (7.6 %). The diversity index was classified as medium category with the highest result (1.91) was found in the root, followed by leaf (1.79), stolon (1.75), and petiole (1.29). The most dominant endophytes were identified as Ceratobasidium sp . , Colletotrichum sp, and Fusarium sp. Ceratobasidium sp. has the highest dominance index (0.02). UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the endophytic fungi into distinct clusters based on the plant parts origin. This study implied that stolon was the the most suitable part of Asiatic pennywort for isolating endophytic fungi. Further study is required to examine the role of the endophytic fungi to produce secondary metabolites in Asiatic pennywort.
2019 November 2019 R & D Location Strategies

We examine the profitability of different R&D location strategies of firms in a dynamic industry model. Firms engage in imitative and innovative activities in order to improve their products’ quality, which determines their competitiveness. When choosing the set of locations in which to operate firms face a fundamental trade-off: co-locating with competitors’ generates opportunities to improve product quality through imitation, but at the same time it increases the risk of losing one’s competitive edge through outgoing spillovers. Being unable to fully predict competitors’ moves, in making location choices firms rely on heuristics based on the expected present values associated with alternative location patterns. In a positive perspective, our model replicates key stylized facts highlighted in the pertinent empirical literature. On normative ground, we identify industry scenarios in which a firm should enter (not enter) a location even if the expected present value of doing so is negative (positive). Our key contribution is to provide a taxonomy of suitable firm location strategies depending on firm type and industry characteristics in a dynamic environment with endogenous cluster formation.
Suppressive Effect of Cobalt on Sugar Beet Infested with Meloidogyne Arenaria Grown in Newly Reclaimed Sand Soils and Its Role on Sugar Beet Production and Quality

Five doses of cobalt were tested for their action against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria infesting sugar beet and growth parameters, plant yield, sugar yield, chemical contents, mineral composition and total soluble solids (TSS%) under new reclaimed sandy loam soil. Results indicated that all cobalt doses significantly (p≤ 0.05 and / or 0.01) reduced juveniles, females, galls, egg-masses and eggs per egg-masses numbers as compared to un-treated plants. Also, the obtained results indicated that all cobalt treatments significantly increased the growth, and yield of roots, as well as sugar yield and root mineral composition (except Fe content). The rate of 7.5 ppm cobalt caused the maximum growth, root yield, mineral composition and sugar yield of sugar beet compared to control and other cobalt rates. Cobalt at 7.5 ppm gave a superior results in chemical contents (%) as protein, carbohydrate, vitamin "C", sucrose and glucose. Roots total acidity percentage decreased as cobalt addition increased and hence improved root quality. Cobalt behavior in sugar beet roots is pronouncedly very low when compared with its presence in some other tap roots.
Cytologic Features of Endometrial Papillary Serous Carcinoma

자궁내막의 유두상 장액성 암종은 자궁 내막에서 발생하는 매우 희귀한 선암종의 한 형태로, 동명의 난소 암종과 조직학적으로 동일하며, 매우 불량한 예후를 나타낸다. 대개 이 종양은 말기에 진단되며, 같은 조직학적 소견을 보이는 전이성 난소암종과 혼돈되기 쉽다. 최근, 저자들은 자궁경부-질 도말 표본에서 2예의 유두상 장액성 암종을 진단 하였는데, 그 세포학적 소견은 종양 세포의 유두상 구조가 풍부하게 도말되었고, 종양 세포들은 거대한 핵소체를 가지고 있었다. 도말배경은 괴사성 및 혈성으로 종양소인을 잘 반영하고 있었다. 이 세포학적 진단은 자궁 절제 표본의 조직학적 검사로 확인 되었다. 【Endometrial papillary serous carcinoma (EPSC) is a distinct variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma that histologically resembles ovarian serous papillary adenocarcinoma and has an aggressive clinical course. Usually, the tumor is diagnosed at the advanced stage. The tumor has well confused with metastatic ovarian tumor of identical histology. Dignosis of EPSC should be considered when the cervico-vaginal smear reveals nomerous papillary clusters of tumor cells with macronucleoli and psammoma bodies. Recently, we have experienced two cases of EPSC diagnosed on cervico-vaginal smears, which revealed characteristic cytologic features including numerous papillary clusters of tumor cells with macronucleoli. The cytologic diagnoses were confirmed on histologic sections. 】
Effect of Motivation on Decision Making Related to Dairy Practices

The present study was conducted in Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh with the objective to find out the effect of motivation and knowledge on decision making and adoption of dairy practices. The recognition motive, security motive, scientific motive, affiliation motive and total score of motivation found to be significantly correlated with adoption. It was found that 86.3 per cent of the growers of medium category had knowledge about the dairy and motivation was significantly correlated with decision making component and adoption of dairy practices.