Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of International Migration on Fertility: An Empirical Study

This paper focuses on how migration affects fertility in countries of origin and destination through the dissemination of values and information as well as through decisions to postpone the birth of children before departure. The heterogeneity in the fertility of women from various migrant groups is underlined in most studies, many of which indicate that the total fertility rates of migrants originating from high-fertility countries exceed the average in destination countries. While the various mechanisms underlying migrant fertility patterns and convergence have been examined, much less attention has been paid to the diffusion of host-country fertility norms across sending countries by emigrants and returnees. The prospect that immigrant inflows can save low-fertility receiving countries from population aging and decline has, in recent years, become increasingly attractive. Proponents argue for the rejuvenating effect of sustained entries of young migrants in preserving overall population size, the size of the workforce, and the age structure of the population. However, while immigration usually reduces the average age of the host populations, it cannot reverse population aging except through very high and exponentially increasing inflows. The demographic changes occurring in the developing world, particularly the declining birth rates in sending countries, will generate a new dynamic. A new generation of migrants with no spouses or children in the home country will have different motivations than did earlier generations of migrants, for whom sending remittances to a family left behind was a prime consideration, followed – in some cases – by family reunification.
Mandarin L2 Learners’ Perception of Korean Obstruents in Different Contexts

The current study examined the perceptual patterns of Korean stops, affricates and fricatives by Mandarin L2 learners and the effect of vocalic contexts, tense/lax distinction and obstruent categories on them. The assimilation patterns by L2 learners were compared with published data of naïve Mandarin listeners as well. Results revealed inconsistent effects of vocalic contexts for stops and affricates, while fricatives before /i, o, u/ were poorly discriminated. Additionally, the subjects could not discriminate word-medial lax stops and affricates and the tense ones well. Finally, the assimilation of fricatives diverged from naïve listeners phonologically, showing L2 perception at both phonetic and phonological levels.
Leisure involvement and service-oriented behaviour among frontline SME employees.

Literature suggest the importance of employee leisure involvement towards their service performance. However, empirical investigation assessing the link between employee leisure involvements in predicting employee service-oriented behavior remains scarce. This study inspects the influence of employees’ leisure involvement on their service-oriented behavior. A sample of 451 SME (Small-Medium Enterprise) employees were collected in Bandung, Indonesia. The proposed model was tested using variance-based SEM (PLS). Out of the three dimensions of leisure involvement, only attraction and centrality were found to be a significant predictor for employees’ service-oriented behavior. The dimension of self-expression is not significant in predicting service-oriented behavior. These findings are coherent with sociology studies where a type of employees known as “seekers” prioritizes leisure in their work-related decisions. Conceptual and practical significance of the study is also provided. This study reveals that highly leisure-involved frontline employees are inclined to be satisfied with their life, enabling them to deliver a high service performance.
Potential Effect of Hydroxychloroquine in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review on Preclinical and Clinical Trial Studies

Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It affects millions of people globally. In spite of many antidiabetic drugs that are available, an adequate level of control remains challenging. Hydroxychloroquine is an immunomodulatory drug that has been used for the treatment of malaria and autoimmune diseases. There is an emerging evidence that suggests its beneficial effect against diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this systematic review is aimed at discoursing the role of hydroxychloroquine against diabetes mellitus and its potential mechanisms of actions. Methods A systematic and manual searching was carried out to retrieve relevant articles (preclinical and clinical studies) published from January 2014 to July 2019. Electronic databases including PubMed and Scopus as well as clinicaltrials.gov have been searched using different searching terms: “hydroxychloroquine,” “diabetes mellitus,” “hyperglycemia,” and “insulin resistance. ” The MeSH terms (PubMed) and text words were combined with “AND” or “OR. ” In addition, manual searching of Google Engine and Google Scholar was conducted. Quality assessment of all the included studies was performed using CAMARADES (preclinical studies) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Collaboration's tools (clinical studies). Results A total of eighteen studies (three experimental and fifteen clinical studies) were found to be eligible for the present systematic review. Among the included clinical studies (six randomized control trials, five observational studies, and four cohort studies), about 55,776 study participants were involved. Most of these studies showed significant improvement of lipid profile and insulin levels and substantial diminution of hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial blood glucose levels. Reduction in lysosomal degradation of the internal insulin-insulin receptor complex and enhancement in insulin sensitivity and adiponectin levels are some of the hypothesized mechanisms for the antidiabetic effect of hydroxychloroquine. Conclusion The current review provides preliminary evidence for potential antidiabetic properties of hydroxychloroquine. Though the provided available data were promising, further clinical trials and mechanistic studies are needed to determine its long-term effects.
Experimental and micromechanical approach to elastic properties of pervious concrete

Pervious concrete refers to a material composed by Portland cement, coarse aggregate, little or none fine aggregate, water and, at times, additives and additions. The pervious concrete porosity affects its elastic properties, as pointed by available studies. In the perspective of a wide use, a comprehensive formulation of the corresponding behavior is necessary. In this context, the present study describes a micromechanical model for the macroscopic elastic properties of the pervious concrete. Reasoning on the representative elementary volume (REV) of such a composite, the overall elastic characteristics are determined from the knowledge of the elastic properties of its constituents (aggregate + cement paste + pores). Moreover, aiming the comprehension of the elastic and strength behaviors of pervious concrete produced with local supplies (Porto Alegre, RS), this work evaluates experimentally the following parameters: elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength. The results show how the elastic properties are related to the porosity of pervious concrete produced with local materials and confirm the possibility of estimating the elastic properties through the micromechanical approach.
The Clinical Analysis on the Patients Visiting the Dental Emergency Room

The rise of medical knowledge and awareness of the importance of dental and stomatognathic system increase the patients who visit dental emergency room. The chief complaints of patients who visited the emergency room varies from a pain, trauma, hemorrhag. The purpose of this study was to classify dental emergency patients by chief complaint and to analyze in indiviual group and to provide more effective emergency dental care. This study was carried out with 1129 patients visiting emergency room of the dankook university dental hospital from 7/2011 to 6/2012. Dental emergency patients was classified trauma, pain, hemorrhage group by chief complaint and studied mothly, the day of the week, time, age distribution and cause of the individual group. The chief complaint of visiting emergency room were trauma 660 people (58.5%), pain 347 people (30.7%), hemorrhage 96 (8.5%), other 26 patients (2.3%). The monthly distribution was observed in May (12.8%), March (10.5%), September (10.2%). The trauma patients were frequent in the spring and early summer but painful patients visited in September (12.7%) and May (11.8%) in March (11.2%). The peak age group was 20 to 29 years(20.9%), followed by 0 to 9 years(19.4% ), 40 to 49years (15.2%,). In trauma group the peak age was under the age of 10 (31.7%), followed by 10 to 19 years (18.8%), 20 t o 29 years (17.1%) . However, in pain group, peak age was 20 to 29 years (26.8%) followed by 40 to 49 years(21.3%), 30 to 39 years (19.6 %). The most common cause of trauma were subluxation(16.5%), laceration13.7%), uncomplicated crown fracture(12.05%) and in pain group was pulpal origin(46.1%), followed by periodontal ori- gin(20.7%), post op pain(8.9%). Undefined pain or neuralgia were 7.9%. The most common cause of hemorrhage was post ex- traction(66.7%), post operation(16.7%), spontaneous bleeding due to periodontitis(12.5%). In conclusion, the trauma, pain were differen t in monthly distribution and the peak age of patients. Dental emergeny doctor should understand pattern of indiviual emergency group and perform proper diagnosis and treatment for more effective emergency care.
Hibernation behaviour and ethogram of captive Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

This study was undertaken to create an Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus; ABB) ethogram during hibernation and to describe the time budget of hibernating behaviours in ABB. Seven captive adult ABB were included in the study and began hibernation between October and December. Data were collected for three consecutive years (2013–2015) during ABB hibernation (total 169 days) using closed-circuit television. During the study, we observed 21 distinct behaviours in hibernating ABB (4 least active and 17 active behaviours). Five bears started hibernation less than seven days after feeding cessation, and by the end of one week, all bears hibernated. The most commonly observed behaviour was “sleep curling inside nest”, and “nest maintenance” was the second most common behaviour. Among the active behaviours, “sitting in the nest”, “change stance”, “drinking and eating” were mostly shown as documented during the observation times. Our results provide new insights into the hibernating behaviours of ABB.
Inﬂuencing Hand-washing Behaviour With a Social Robot: HRI Study With School Children in Rural India

—The work presented in this paper reports the inﬂuence of a social robot on hand washing behaviour on school children in rural India with a signiﬁcant presence of indigenous tribes. We describe the design choices of our social robot to cater the requirements of the intervention. The custom built wall mounted social robot encouraged 100 children to wash their hand at appropriate time (before meal and after toilet) using the correct handwashing technique via a poster on a wall. The results indicate that the intervention using the robot was found to be effective (40% rise) at increasing levels of hand washing with soap and with a better handwashing technique in ecologically valid settings.
Switching-track after the Great Recession

We propose a theoretical framework to reconcile episodes of V-shaped and L-shaped recovery, encompassing the behaviour of the U.S. economy before and after the Great Recession. In a DSGE model with endogenous growth, negative demand shocks destroy productive capacity, moving GDP to a lower trajectory. A Taylor rule policy designed to reduce the output gap may counterbalance the shocks, preventing the destruction of economic capacity and inducing a V-shaped recovery. However, when shocks are deep and persistent enough, like during the Great Recession, they call for a downward revision of potential output measures, the so-called switching-track, weakening the recovering role of monetary policy and inducing an L-shaped recovery. When calibrated to the U.S. economy, the model replicates well the L-shaped recovery and switching-track that followed the Great Recession, as well as the V-shaped recoveries that followed the oil shock recessions. JEL Classification: E12, E22, E32, O41, E52
Whistler influence on the overall VLF wave intensity in the upper ionosphere

We investigate the inﬂuence of lightning-generated whistlers on the overall intensity of electromagnetic waves measured by the Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions spacecraft (2004–2010, quasi Sun-synchronous polar orbit with an altitude of about 700 km) at frequencies below 18 kHz. Whistler occurrence rate evaluated using an onboard neural network designed for automated whistler detection is used to distinguish periods of high and low whistler occurrence rates. It is shown that especially during the night and particularly in the frequency-geomagnetic latitude intervals with a low average wave intensity, contribution of lightning-generated whistlers to the overall wave intensity is signiﬁcant. At frequencies below 1 kHz, where all six electromagnetic wave components were measured during speciﬁc intervals, the study is accompanied by analysis of wave propagation directions. When we limit the analysis only to fractional-hop whistlers, which propagate away from the Earth, we ﬁnd a reasonable agreement with results obtained from the whole data set. This also conﬁrms the validity of the whistler occurrence rate analysis at higher frequencies.
Occupational exposure to capital-embodied technology ∗ VERY PRELIMINARY AND INCOMPLETE do not cite without permission

What is the eﬀect of technological change on income inequality? A vast literature suggests that skill-biased technological change (SBTC) is a mayor driver of income inequality. How-ever, SBTC is a black box, much like total factor productivity (TFP) is to growth theory. To make progress on the eﬀect of technology on inequality we need measurement. Theoretically, SBTC can be driven by capital-embodied technological change to the extent that capital and skills are complementary. In this paper, we explore the relationship between technological advancement and inequality by building measures of capital-embodied technological change at the occupation level . We document substantial heterogeneity in the degree of capital-skill complementarity across occupations. Importantly, we show that the role assigned to SBTC for the raise in employment in skill intensive occupations over the last 35 years is almost exclusively accounted for capital-embodied technological change. Finally, we show that the raise in the skill-premia over the same period is accounted for the dynamics of the capital labor ratio and factor complementarity in two occupations: technicians and low-skill services. JEL codes: O13, O47, Q10.
On mammals from the People ' s Democratic Republic of Laos , mainly from Sekong Province and Hongsa Special Zone

Mammal data and material were collected during a short stay in the People's Democratic Republic of Laos in the winter of 1993-1994. Most data are from the southern Sekong Province and the northwestern Hongsa Special Zone, from where practically nothing has been previously reported. Many localities are new, and add to our knowledge of species distributions. Of particular interest are Megaerops niphanae and Taphozous saccolaimus, which are reported from Laos for the first time; some new localities for Pygathrix nemaeus; two new records of Prionodon pardicolor; reports on Panthera tigris and Nemorhaedus sumatraensis; and records of Leopoldamys edwardsi and L. sabanus, Maxomys moi, Berylmys bowersii which is new for the Sekong Province region, and Niviventer cf. tenaster which is new for
COMPARISON OF MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE, ENDOSEQUENCE ROOT REPAIR MATERIAL, AND BIODENTINE USED FOR REPAIRING ROOT PERFORATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

The root perforation, in spite of being taken as a challenging accident in root canal treatment, has to offer favorable results when exposed to appropriate therapeutic conduct and the usage of materials that have convenient properties. The aim of the current review is to collect all updated and available studies including imperative information concerning the use of Mineral trioxide aggregate, EndoSequence root repair material and Biodentine in the treatment of root perforation approaching some of the key properties for treatment success. A search was performed in the two automated databases (Google Scholar and PubMed use English-language literature) for this systematic review, using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and keywords. The electronic search was done in December 2018 and update in June 2019. Our inquiry uncovered Twenty-two studies that met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. These studies investigated the use of MTA, EndoSequence ERRM and Biodentine in the root perforation that happened during the endodontic treatment. It was confirmed that there is no unanimity in this review concerning the material that shows the best characteristics, once none of the materials discussed had all the major properties higher than the others, this way it is required the enforcement of further studies aimed at selecting the best characteristics of the material suggested in the root perforation treatment.
The prosocial vs. proself power holder: How power influences sacrifice in romantic relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 779-790. The Prosocial vs. Proself Power Holder: How Power Influences Sacrifice in Romantic Relationships

Romantic partners often have to sacrifice their interests to benefit their partner or to maintain the relationship. In the present work we investigated whether relative power within the relationship plays an important role in determining the extent to which partners are likely to sacrifice. Drawing from both classic theories and recent research on power, we tested two competing predictions on the relationship between power and sacrifice in romantic relationships. We tested whether: (1) power is negatively related to sacrifice; (2) power is positively related to sacrifice. Furthermore we also explored whether the association between power and sacrifice is moderated by commitment and inclusion of the other in the self. To test our hypotheses we employed different methodologies, including questionnaires, diary studies and videotaped interactions. Results across the five studies (N = 1088) consistently supported the hypothesis that power is negatively related to tendencies to sacrifice in close relationships.
‘McDonald’s Is Good for My Social Life’
 . Developing Health Promotion Together with Adolescent Girls from Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods in Amsterdam

There is limited knowledge about key factors that enable adolescent girls with a low socioeconomic position (SEP) to adopt a healthy lifestyle. This paper aims to better understand the complexity of addressing health behaviour of adolescent girls with a low SEP by gaining insights into (i) the perspectives of adolescent girls with a low SEP (n = 26) on a healthy lifestyle, (ii) how to develop health promotion that fits these girls’ daily realities, by using participatory action research (PAR) in which girls developed health promotion materials. The study offers an understanding of girls’ daily lives and how health promotion could be improved.
Exploring Students’ Experiences of Self- Regulated Learning during a Large Flipped Classroom Course in Teacher Education

The aim of the study was to explore teacher students’ experiences of self-regulated learning and the teaching-learning environment during a course following the Flipped Classroom approach. Theoretical perspectives include self-regulated learning and motivation, especially in terms of the fore-thought phase in which the students set goals for their studying and learning processes, and monitoring. Goals are approached, in addition to the immediate study context, from more general perspectives of teacher education preferences. This study consists of two parts. In Study 1, 156 Finnish teacher students responded in the initial survey and 144 students responded to the final survey. Altogether, 89 students responded to all the questionnaires. Study 2 includes interviews with six teacher students. The data were analyzed by using mixed methods including qualitative content analyses and various quantitative analyses. The results suggested that students come with various goals and interests in this kind of course and these are related to their experiences of the teaching-learning environment in various ways. Results also revealed that teacher students seem not to set clear goals for their studying on the course level, but broader teacher education preferences were related to their experiences of the teaching-learning environment. Also, student interest in the course seemed to be quite persistent as the original interest is related to the level of interest at the end of the FC course.
Principals' perspectives on key factors that contribute to sustainable quality education

This article reports on the perspectives of principals about factors, which have an influence on their work to provide quality education for all children. Principals in the Western Cape were asked to rate key factors that contribute to sustainable quality education in their schools. An online survey was implemented as the data collection instrument and the FREQ procedure was followed to analyse the raw data statistically. The results showed that dedicated and well-qualified teachers who teach disciplined learners in a safe environment should receive priority in any action principals and Departments of Education take to improve and sustain the quality of education in the Western Cape and possibly in all South African schools.
The use of methylene blue as mouthwash in periodontology

The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity effects of methylene blue on the human gingival fibroblasts cell-lines in vitro. 3T3 human gingival fibroblast cell-lines were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of mouthwashes containing methylene blue and chlorhexidine gluconate. The cultured fibroblasts were divided into two groups which subjected into chlorhexidine gluconate or methylene blue in vitro. The cells viability was determined at 30 seconds, 1 minute and 3 minutes of exposure to mouthwashes using by XTT colorimetric assay. Spectrophotometric absorbance was measured at 550 nm using ELISA analyzer. The IC50 values were calculated for each time points for methylene blue and chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwashes. The effect of the methylene blue and chlorhexidine gluconate on the human gingival fibroblast viability was expressed as a percentage of the control groups. Comparison between two groups in different time and concentration values showed that, chlorhexidine gluconate were found to be more cytotoxic on gingival fibroblast than methylene blue. Cell viability exposured to methylene blue in 1% concentration during 3 minutes was 99% and in 100% concentration the cell viability was 88%. The chlorhexidine gluconate at the same conditions was 92% and 18% respectively. Our study demonstrates that 100% chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate concentration in commercially available products) has much more cytotoxic effect than methylene blue to human gingival fibroblast at clinical use time and different concentrations in vitro.