Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Giardia immunogenic Protein Fraction to Distinguish Assemblages in Humans and Animals

Buffalo calves have a high adverse effect on public health, specifically zoonotic Giardiasis in Egypt. The current study was carried out to investigate the use of enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot technique (EITB) as a preliminary step for the diagnosis of giardiasis before genotyping. For this purpose, fecal and blood samples were collected from diarrheic calves and workers in closed and non-closed beef buffalo farm. Zoonotic Giardia assemblage A was isolated from both diarrheic children and their close contact calves while the calves were infected by animal genotype assemblage E under low contact conditions. This was identified after the amplification and sequencing of a 292 bp fragment of 16S-rRNA ribosomal unit from 20 children and 28 calves Giardia isolates using nested PCR. Fractionation of different isolated Giardia assemblage and identification of specific fraction versus antiGiardia-IgG antibodies in infected humans or animals using EITB revealed that α-1 giardin antigen with molecular weight ranged 29-34KDa. This specific immunogenic assemblage was fraction-related where it reacted specifically versus antibodies in sera of humans or animals infected by this assemblage and did not cross-react with giardin of other assemblage or with sera of non-infected cases. The results of the current study highlighted the use of EITB as a preliminary investigation before genotyping in the identification of zoonotic giardiasis.
Bubbly Cavitating Flow Through a Converging Nozzle

In the present work, the bubbly cavitating flow phenomena after passing through the converging nozzle is numerically investigated. The dynamic of the cavitating bubbles is modeled by the use of the mass and momentum phase’s equations, which are coupled with the Rayleigh-Plesset equation of the N bubbles dynamics. However, assuming that the same initial conditions of all bubbles are identical and that all bubbles are equi-distant from each other simplifies the governing equations. Equation set is numerically resolved by the use of a fourth order Runge-Kutta scheme. The numerical resolution of the previous equations set let us found that the bubble radius distribution, fluid velocity and fluid pressure change dramatically with upstream void fraction and an instability appeared just after the passing the converging nozzle for both cases one bubble N=1 and two bubbles N=2. Indeed, for the case of one bubble N=1, the flashing flow phenomena occurs for an upstream void fraction αs=11.2x10 -3 , which corresponds to a critical bubble radius Rc=1.8. Whereas, for bubble number N=2, the same phenomenon occurs for αs = 8.9x10 -3 , with Rc=2. This difference is due to the bubble interaction. Also, we found that, the bubble number N strongly affect the bubble frequency. However, with increase the bubble number, the maximum size of the bubbles increases and bubble frequency oscillation decrease.
A SGS Model for LES of Turbulent Buoyant Flows

A novel subgrid-scale (SGS) model for LES of turbulent buoyant ows is proposed. For this purpose, the WALE model is reformulated to take buoyancy e ects into account. The proposed model recovers the WALE model for isothermal ows. No scaling is needed near walls. It is applicable to incompressible and compressible turbulent ows with the uniform accuracy and e ciency. Large temperature di erences can also be handled without the Oberbeck-Boussinesq (OB) assumption. The buoyancy-modi ed WALE (BM-WALE) model is applied to the turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection (RBC). The results are successfully compared with the previous experimental and numerical data.
Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel (FY2020)

The Transformational Challenge Reactor (TCR) program plans to build most of the TCR core components through additive manufacturing (AM) processes. These processes include laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) for the metallic (316L) components and the newly developed combined process of binderjet printing and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) for the SiC fuel matrix. Mechanical testing and characterization tasks have been carried out since the beginning of the TCR program to (1) build a property database for the AM materials that will be used in TCR core and (2) to assess the materials’ performance in TCR-relevant conditions. This document reports the outcome of the testing and characterization efforts for the fiscal year with a focus on the mechanical performance data of AM 316L stainless steel (SS). Baseline tensile testing over a wide temperature range of room temperature–600 °C was completed for the AM 316L alloy in as-built, stress-relieved, and solution-annealed conditions. The as-built 316L showed the highest strength, and the alloy after the post-build treatments showed reduced strengths in the low-strain range. However, the strength differences among the AM materials became insignificant in the later part of deformation. Furthermore, regardless of post-build processing, the AM 316L SS showed higher strength and comparable ductility when compared with wrought 316L SS. Thermal creep testing and microstructural evolution during creep deformation were also performed under selected conditions. It was found that the AM 316L steel showed the best creep resistance in the stressrelieved condition. In-situ tensile tests were performed using scanning electron microscopy and 1-ID beamline at the Advanced Photon Source to elucidate the deformation and fracture behavior of AM 316L and the evolution of crystalline stress, dislocations, and pore distribution. Using these in-situ testing data, an in-depth analysis of the roles of microstructural features in deformation and fracture processes is presented herein. The final section of the document introduces ongoing and future activities for materials testing and characterization, including irradiation effect studies and ball punch testing on AM 316L and AM IN718 alloys.
A Perception to Digital Control Schemes for Active Power Filters

Most of the pollution issues created in power systems are due to the non-linear characteristics and fast switching of power electronic equipment. The use of the power electronic devices in power distribution system gives rise to harmonics and reactive power disturbances From more than a decade, there is lots of effective research contribution towards introducing a technique for suppression such harmonics using filters. However, till date there is no evidence of any standard model or framework or any landmark ideas that has solved the issue of harmonic suppression in total it. The harmonics and reactive power cause a number of undesirable effects in the power system. Active Power Filters(APF) have been developed over the years to solve these problems to improve power quality . Hence, the purpose of this manuscript is to discuss about harmonics with respect to active power filters where the prominent focus is laid down to understand the effectiveness of priorly introduced techniques. The study presents a state-of-art review of techniques of harmonic suppression with an aid of research gap. Keywords-component, Harmonic, Active Power Filter,p-q theory
The macroeconomics of pandemics in developing countries: an application to Uganda

How should policies to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic differ across countries? We extend recent contributions integrating economic and epidemiological models for the United States to a developing country context, Uganda Differences in demography, comorbidities, and health systems affect mortality risk;lower incomes affect agents' willingness to forego consumption to reduce disease risk For a broad range of life valuations supported by the literature, optimal containment is significantly less restrictive in the latter context, a normative implication contradicted by positive findings of similarly strict lockdowns across rich and poor countries We explore biased beliefs about infection risk as a possible explanation
Do Vietnamese state-dominated listed firms face finance constraints?

Using accounting data of listed firms on the Vietnamese stock market this study documents that listed Vietnamese firms still face finance constraints, even after the introduction and rapid growth of the equity markets and the privatization wave that started since 1992. Contrary to most of the existing literature, especially large state-dominated firms were documented to be significantly more financially constrained.The cash flow sensitivity differences between the statedominated and private firms are economically large but statistically not significant.These findings are still consistent for both stock exchanges of Vietnam (HOSE and HNX).
The influence of distributive justice, job satisfaction and affective commitment to organizational citizenship behavior

Purpose: This study aims to determine and analyze distributive justice, job satisfaction, and affective commitment to the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of employees at a telecommunication company in Indonesia. Methodology/Approach: The population used was employees at a certain public telecommunication company in Indonesia, amounting to 80 people. The sample used the saturated sample method. The data analysis method used the multiple linear regression analysis. Findings: Results indicate that partially positive distributive justice is not significant to OCB. Job Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on OCB, and Affective Commitment has a positive and significant impact on OCB. In contrast, simultaneously Distributive Justice, Job Satisfaction, and Affective Commitment have a significant effect on OCB of employees. Research Limitation/implication: This research studied at the branch of the telecommunication company in a province level, therefore the results cannot be generalized to represent the opinions of all employees throughout Indonesia. The variables were limited to distributive justice, satisfaction, and affective commitment. The number of operational variables in this model was relatively limited; in fact, several other variables have not been included. Originality/Value of paper: The research finding gives contribution to the human resources management to enhance the company’s competitiveness through maintaining the OCB. KEYWORD: competitiveness, human resource, organizational commitment, performance, personality. A INFLUÊNCIA DA JUSTIÇA DISTRIBUTIVA, SATISFAÇÃO NO TRABALHO E COMPROMISSO AFETIVO COM O COMPORTAMENTO DE CIDADANIA ORGANIZACIONAL
WEBER’S CLASS NUMBER PROBLEM

We are interested in the class number hn of the field Bn = Q(2 cos(2π/2 )) which is a cyclic extension of Q with degree 2 and constructs the cyclotomic Z2-extension of Q. The calculation of hn is very difficult even if we use a computer. A technique using root discriminant enabled Linden to conclude h5 = 1 (cf. [8]). It is also shown h6 = 1 if GRH (Generalized Riemann Hypothesis) is valid. This phenomenon indicates a possibility that hn = 1 for all n ≥ 1. But the same technique is no longer applicable for hn (n ≥ 7). We need a entirety new technique to calculate hn or to show hn = 1 for n ≥ 7.
Activities of Leaf Extracts of Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L.) and Pawpaw ( Carica papaya L.) against Mycelia Growth of Aspergillus Species Obtained from Decayed Cashew Fruits

The activities of leaf extracts of cashew ( Anacardium occidentale ) and pawpaw ( Carica papaya ) were investigated against mycelia growth of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus in vitro. The leaves were dried at 28±2°C for a period of 5 days after which they were grinded using a mechanized blender. The leaf extracts obtained using aqueous extraction was used for the antifungal assay. The concentration of the extracts used was 2% and 6% both for cashew and pawpaw. The phytochemical screening of each extracts was carried out. The antimicrobial activity of each extracts against each test isolate was assayed using agar well diffusion method. By 72 hours of incubation, the order of zones of inhibition of A. niger with the tested extracts and concentrations was 6% pawpaw leaf extract > 2% cashew leaf extract > 6% cashew leaf extract > Mancozeb > 2% pawpaw leaf extract. Similarly, the order of zones of inhibition of the tested extracts and concentrations against mycelia of A. flavus was 6% cashew leaf extract > Mancozeb > 2% cashew leaf extract > 6% pawpaw leaf extract >2% pawpaw leaf extract. The antifungal activity of the leaf extracts could be attributed to the different classes of phytochemical present in them.
Different Damage to the Mechanical Barrier Function of IPEC-J2 Induced by Soybean Allergen β-conglycinin Hydrolyzed Peptides

Abstract Three major enzyme-hydrolyzed peptides have been produced after simulative digestion in vitro of soybean β-conglycinin. The intestinal barrier of IPEC-J2 induced by β-conglycinin enzyme-hydrolyzed peptides was evaluated in this study. The increased alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity was actually linearly correlated with the incubation time by the hydrolysate, the purified 52 kD peptide, or the mixture of 25 and 30 kD peptides. The MTT and TEER values declined in dose-dependence (0–2 mg/mL, p \lt 0.05) or in time-dependence (2–24 h, p \lt 0.05). After treatment with different hydrolyzed peptides, the tight junction expression of claudin-3, claudin-4, occludin, and ZO-1 were reduced (p \lt 0.05). Finally, it is found out that the maximum damage to the epithelial barrier function was induced by the mixture of 25 and 30 kD peptide, whereas the minimum damage was caused by the 52 kD peptide.
Linearization variance estimators for model parameters from complex survey data

Taylor linearization methods are often used to obtain variance estimators for calibration estimators of totals and nonlinear finite population (or census) parameters, such as ratios, regression and correlation coefficients, which can be expressed as smooth functions of totals. Taylor linearization is generally applicable to any sampling design, but it can lead to multiple variance estimators that are asymptotically design unbiased under repeated sampling. The choice among the variance estimators requires other considerations such as (i) approximate unbiasedness for the model variance of the estimator under an assumed model, and (ii) validity under a conditional repeated sampling framework. Demnati and Rao (2004) proposed a unified approach to deriving Taylor linearization variance estimators that leads directly to a unique variance estimator that satisfies the above considerations for general designs. When analyzing survey data, finite populations are often assumed to be generated from super-population models, and analytical inferences on model parameters are of interest. If the sampling fractions are small, then the sampling variance captures almost the entire variation generated by the design and model random processes. However, when the sampling fractions are not negligible, the model variance should be taken into account in order to construct valid inferences on model parameters under the combined process of generating the finite population from the assumed super-population model and the selection of the sample according to the specified sampling design. In this paper, we obtain an estimator of the total variance, using the Demnati-Rao approach, when the characteristics of interest are assumed to be random variables generated from a super-population model. We illustrate the method using ratio estimators and estimators defined as solutions to calibration weighted estimating equations. Simulation results on the performance of the proposed variance estimator for model parameters are also presented. 1. Abdellatif Demnati, Business Survey Methods Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0T6. E-mail: Abdellatif.Demnati@statcan.gc. ca; J.N. K. Rao, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1S 5B6. E-mail: JRao@math.carleton. ca.
Flood Variability Determines the Location of Lobe‐Scale Avulsions on Deltas: Madagascar

River deltas grow through repeated lobe‐scale avulsions, which often occur at a location that correlates with the backwater lengthscale. Competing hypotheses attribute the avulsion node origin to either the morphodynamic feedbacks caused by natural flood discharge variability (backwater hypothesis) or to the prograding delta lobe geometry (geometric hypothesis). Here, using theory, historical flood records, and remotely sensed elevation data, we analyzed five lobe‐scale delta avulsions in Madagascar, captured by Landsat imagery. Avulsion lengths were 5–55 km, distances significantly longer than the backwater lengthscale and inconsistent with the geometric hypothesis. We show that the steep, silt‐bedded rivers of Madagascar have flood‐induced bed scour, driven by backwater hydrodynamics, that propagates farther upstream than the backwater lengthscale. The avulsion lengths are 3.1 ± 1.5 times the predicted flood scour lengths, similar to low‐gradient deltas, and consistent with backwater hypothesis. Results demonstrate that erosion initiated by nonuniform flows in the backwater zone is a primary control on delta avulsion locations.
Economics and Epidemics: Evidence from an Estimated Spatial Econ-SIR Model

Economic analysis of effective policies for managing epidemics requires an integrated economic and epidemiological approach. We develop and estimate a spatial, micro-founded model of the joint evolution of economic variables and the spread of an epidemic. We empirically discipline the model using new U.S. county-level data on health, mobility, employment outcomes, and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) at a daily frequency. Absent policy or medical interventions, the model predicts an initial period of exponential growth in new cases, followed by a protracted period of roughly constant case levels and reduced economic activity. Nevertheless, if vaccine development proved impossible, and suppression cannot entirely eradicate the disease, a utilitarian policymaker cannot improve significantly over the laissez-faire equilibrium by using lockdowns. Conversely, if a vaccine will arrive within two years, NPIs can improve upon the laissez-faire outcome by dramatically decreasing the number of infectious agents and keeping infections low until vaccine arrival. Mitigation measures that reduce viral transmission (e.g., mask-wearing) both reduce the virus’s spread and increase economic activity.
Comparative Evaluation of Some Nutrient Contents and Antifungal Properties of Ground Musa paradisiaca (Plantain) Peels and Leaves

Musa paradisiaca (plantain) fruit peels and the plant leaves may have some nutrients and antifungal properties. Thus, millimeter, mm) against Candida albicans, however, the activity of the ethanol extract of the leaves (15.67±0.58) was higher (p<0.05) than that of the ethanol extract of the peels and the aqueous extract of the peels and leaves. The difference in activity against C. albicans between the samples extracts in terms of either the same or the different extracting solvent was significant (p<0.05) but the overall difference between the samples compared to the extracting solvents (±0.67) was the same hence non-significant (p>0.05). A similar trend was recorded for the activity of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of the peels and leaves against P. notatum . Thus, the plantain peels and leaves could be alternative source for vitamin C. The extracts (aqueous and ethanol) had activity against C. albicans and P. notatum hence may be useful in managing such pathogen-induced ailments. Overall negligible difference in activity against either C. albicans or P. notatum in terms of samples and the extracting solvents was suggested and this may be an underlying useful trend for comparing the overall antimicrobial activity of different samples and solvents, hence warrants a follow up.
Study Of Single-Step Synthesis Of Hyperbranced Highly Luminescence Doped Znse:Mn, Znse:Mn/Zns Quantum Dots And Their Interactions With Acid Amine

The water-soluble ZnSe:Mn corecapped with MPA, MUA, starch were synthesized respectively and ZnSe:Mn/ZnS core-shell capped with PVA quantum dots (QDs) was also produced. Herein, we report the interaction of obtained quantum dots with acid amin (Lysine). It was found that QDs effectively changes the fluorescence of acid amin that was surface coating. After acid amin was added, the QDs PL of the (MPA)coated ZnSe:Mn, (Starch)-coated ZnSe:Mn increased dramatically in response to μM concentrations acid amin, when (MUA)-coated ZnSe:Mn, (PVA)-coated ZnSe:Mn effectively quenched.
Improved STATCOM efficiency using a hybrid technique based on sliding mode control and proportional integral control

Static compensators of reactive power (STATCOMs) are among the most efficient devices for improving the network power quality. The efficiency of such devices is largely determined by the used automatic control technique. In this work, we propose an advanced hybrid algorithm based on Sliding Mode Control (SMC) combined with classical proportional-Integral (PI) technique. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, a comparison with the traditional PI control is performed. The comparison focused mainly on dynamic performance and grid harmonic pollution. Streszczenie. Jako ść dzia
Status Quo Bias and the Decoy Effect: A Comparative Analysis in Choice under Risk

Inertia and context-dependent choice effects are well-studied classes of behavioural phenomena. While much is known about these effects in isolation, little is known about whether one of them "dominates" the other when both can potentially be present. Knowledge of any such dominance is relevant for effective choice architecture and descriptive modelling. We initiate this empirical investigation with a between-subjects lab experiment that featured a single decision over two or three money lotteries. Our experiment was designed to test for dominance between *status quo bias* and the *decoy effect*. We find strong evidence for status quo bias and no evidence for the decoy effect. We also find that status quo bias is powerful enough so that, at the aggregate level, a fraction of subjects switch from being risk-averse to being risk-seeking. Survey evidence suggests that this is due to subjects focusing on the maximum possible amount when the risky lottery is the default and on the probability of winning more than the smallest amount when there is no default lottery. The observed reversal in risk attitudes is explainable by a large class of reference-dependent preferences.
Prophylactic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Alstonia boonei Stem Bark Against DDVP-induced Toxicity in Albino Rats.

The prophylactic effect of ethanolic extract of Alstonia boonei(AB) stem bark on(2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate)DDVP-induced oxidative damage in male albino rats’ liver was investigated. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, DDVP and treatment groups. In the prophylactic experiment, AB, (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered by oral gavage for 21th days before exposure to DDVP. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were then determined in the liver and heart alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were monitored and histological examination was carried out. Results indicate that DDVP-induced rats had significantly increased relative weight of liver and heart when compared to controls. Treatment with AB at 200 and 400mg/kg caused a significant reduction in relative weight of the organs. In DDVP-induced rats, serum ALT and AST activities and levels of LPO were increased whereas hepatic and cardiac SOD, CAT and GPx were significantly decreased. Furthermore, histological alteration in the liver and aorta were observed in DDVP untreated rats and were ameliorated in DDVP-induced treated rats with AB. In conclusion, the extract possesses antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties that eliminate the deleterious effects of toxic metabolites of DDVP.