Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Male urethritis with or without discharge: a clinico aetiological study in Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital Bhubaneswar, Odisha

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Urethritis or inflammation of the urethra is a multifactorial condition. Urethritis is called gonococcal urethritis (GU) when Neisseria gonorrhoeae is detected in urethral smear of the patient and nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) when this organism cannot be visualized. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Urethritis cases were identified from the dermatology OPD record. A retrospective analysis of data of patients diagnosed as GU and NGU for a period of 5 years (from August 2012-July 2017) was made. We have included only male patients more than 10 year. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Neisseria gonorrhoeae (61.42%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (45.9%) were the most common causative organism among urethritis and nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) respectively. Chlamydia urethritis had been confirmed by demonstrating ≥5 polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMNLs) from the anterior urethra using a Gram stained urethral smear. Acute condition (7-14 days) more common in GU. Dysuria and purulent urethral discharge (68.6%) was more common in GU. In urine specimen pus cells count were more than 10. The most common age group was 21-30 year (42.86%). Most patients were from low socio-economic status (62.85%). Sexual exposure was more common in unmarried patients (94.74%). Heterosexual exposure (93.75%) was more common. Urethritis was also associated with other infection in 18 patients. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Urethritis is inflammation of urethra which is manifested by dysuria with or without urethral discharge. Though there is increased incidence of Chlamydia infections, still now Gonococcal infection is the most common cause of urethritis. </p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Predictive risk factors of acute kidney injury after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and increases the risk of short and long-term morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study is to identify preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for development of AKI after primary isolated on-pump CABG. Methods In the retrospective study, 210 consecutive patients who underwent primary isolated on-pump CABG from January 2007 to March 2016 were included. The patients were divided into without AKI group (Group 1) and AKI group (Group 2) after operation. The s-Cr levels were recorded pre and postoperatively. The demographics, preoperative and postoperative data were collected from patient's medical profile and analyzed statistically. Results AKI developed in 40.5% of the patients (85 patients out of 210 patients). Age (Group 1; Group 2, 63.7±8.6; 67.2±8.2, P=0.004), body surface area (BSA) (Group 1; Group 2, 1.71±0.16; 1.64±0.16, P=0.003), body weight (Group 1; Group 2, 64.1±10.0; 60.7±10.2, P=0.017) were statistically significant for the development of AKI. However, preoperative hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were not significant. As intraoperative factors, total pump time (TPT), aortic cross clamp time and transfusion were not significant. Female gender (OR 1.88; P=0.044), preoperative proteinuria (OR 2.711; P=0.011) and emergent operation (OR 2.641; P=0.035) were risk factors in univariate analysis. Preoperative proteinuria (OR 2.396; P=0.035) was only risk factor in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Preoperative proteinuria was an independent predictor of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing primary isolated on-pump CABG. The accurate risk prediction of AKI after surgery can help clinicians manage more effectively in high-risk patients.
Establishing a role for specific nutrients in Drosophila dietary restriction

Dietary restriction (DR), the reduction in food intake that falls short of starvation, has been shown to be the most robust and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in diverse organisms ranging from yeast to mammals, including the fruit fly Drosophila. Despite over 70 years of research, primarily on rodents, the mechanisms by which DR extend lifespan in any organism are poorly understood, partially due to the variation in how DR is defined and applied between laboratories. Lifespan extension by DR commonly trade-offs with reduced fecundity, leading to evolutionary-based theories predicting that DR elicits an evolved response to food shortage in nature, through reallocation of resources away from reproduction and towards somatic maintenance, hence increasing the chance of survival until food supply becomes more abundant. In Drosophila, DR is typically implemented by dilution of sucrose and yeast in an agar-based medium, with yeast being the key component regulating lifespan. Firstly, this thesis presents an investigation of the response of the model organism Drosophila to different DR diets and protocols, thereby creating one standardized and optimized DR diet for use. Secondly, using the optimized diet, this project investigates the role of specific nutrients mediating the effects of DR and the potential pathways controlling these effects. Essential amino acids were shown to directly regulate the trade-off between high fecundity and reduced lifespan observed with full feeding. However, methionine addition alone was necessary and sufficient to increase fecundity to levels seen with full feeding, without reducing lifespan, demonstrating that reallocation of nutrients cannot explain the DR responses. The results of this thesis highlight the importance for a standard DR protocol and suggest that in other organisms, including mammals, the beneficial effects of DR may be achieved without impairing fertility by using a suitable balance of nutrients in the diet.
Carcinomatous neuromyopathy: 2. Immunological studies

Significant cellular sensitivity to peripheral nerve antigens was found by MIF assay in 36% of patients with lung cancer (P<0·005) as compared with 62% of patients with peripheral neuropathy without neoplasia. No sensitivity was found in controls or the cancer sub-group without neuromuscular abnormality. The significance of these findings for an immune mechanism is discussed.
Infant attachment predicts bodily freezing in adolescence: evidence from a prospective longitudinal study

Early life-stress, particularly maternal deprivation, is associated with long-lasting deviations in animals’ freezing responses. Given the relevance of freezing for stress-coping, translational research is needed to examine the relation between insecure infant-parent attachment and bodily freezing-like behavior in humans. Therefore, we investigated threat-related reductions in body sway (indicative of freezing-like behavior) in 14-year-old adolescents (N = 79), for whom attachment security was earlier assessed in infancy. As expected, insecure (vs. secure) attachment was associated with less body sway for angry vs. neutral faces. This effect remained when controlling for intermediate life events. These results suggest that the long-lasting effects of early negative caregiving experiences on the human stress and threat systems extend to the primary defensive reaction of freezing. Additionally, we replicated earlier work in adults, by observing a significant correlation (in adolescents assessed as securely attached) between subjective state anxiety and reduced body sway in response to angry vs. neutral faces. Together, this research opens venues to start exploring the role of freezing in the development of human psychopathology.
Gastrointestinal giardiasis associated with Helicobacter pylori

: The study involved 160 patients with chronic cholecystitis associated with chronic gastroduodenitis. Obtaining biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa and bile samples allowed to compare the microbial picture and the morphological structure of gastric mucosa in the same patient, to identify patterns of colonization of the stomach, 12 duodenal ulcer and gall bladder various microorganisms. At cytological examination was detected in the gall bladder G. lamblia in 47.5 +/- 3.95% of cases in the stomach--in 29.09 +/- 6.12% of cases. The frequency of H. pylori detection in biopsy of gastric mucosa amounted to 98.18 +/- 1.8% of cases, in 12-duodenum--93.75 +/- 1.9%, in the gall bladder--to 54.38 +/- 3.94%, in the bile duct--in 54.38 +/- 3.94%. It was found strict association between the detection of H. pylori and G. lamblia in the stomach--100% of H. pylori-infection combined with giardiasis. Morphological changes of gastric mucosa in the form of lymphoid infiltration detected mainly in the mixed-infection H. pylori and G. lamblia.
Renal Cell Carcinoma With (Angio)Leiomyomatous Stroma in a Patient With TSC2 Mutation: A Case Report

Abstract We present the case of a 34-year-old woman with a TSC2 gene mutation diagnosed with 4 distinct renal cell carcinomas with (angio)leiomyomatous stroma and 2 concomitant angiomyolipomas of the left kidney. Histologically, the nodules, located in the renal cortex, were mostly encapsulated with an abundant smooth muscle stromal component, which delved into the central epithelial component of the tumor forming septations. The epithelial component was made up of elongated tubules, papillae, and acinar structures with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and apical snouts. Focal acinar structures were filled with hypereosinophilic material. The nuclei were basally located and supported by a delicate vascular network. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the tumor cells to express cytokeratin 7, CD10 variably, and carbonic anhydrase IX in an incomplete “cup-like” membranous pattern. The tumor cells did not express AMACR, TFE3, MART-1, or cathepsin K. This report describes a unique presentation of a rare entity and brings attention to an evolving diagnostic field. We discuss problems and controversy surrounding the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma with (angio)leiomyomatous stroma, its relationship to clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma and other tumors, and how it correlates with newly discovered genetic mutations.
Calibrating abundance indices with population size estimators of red back salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) in a New England forest

Herpetologists and conservation biologists frequently use convenient and cost-effective, but less accurate, abundance indices (e.g., number of individuals collected under artificial cover boards or during natural objects surveys) in lieu of more accurate, but costly and destructive, population size estimators to detect and monitor size, state, and trends of amphibian populations. Although there are advantages and disadvantages to each approach, reliable use of abundance indices requires that they be calibrated with accurate population estimators. Such calibrations, however, are rare. The red back salamander, Plethodon cinereus, is an ecologically useful indicator species of forest dynamics, and accurate calibration of indices of salamander abundance could increase the reliability of abundance indices used in monitoring programs. We calibrated abundance indices derived from surveys of P. cinereus under artificial cover boards or natural objects with a more accurate estimator of their population size in a New England forest. Average densities/m2 and capture probabilities of P. cinereus under natural objects or cover boards in independent, replicate sites at the Harvard Forest (Petersham, Massachusetts, USA) were similar in stands dominated by Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock) and deciduous hardwood species (predominantly Quercus rubra [red oak] and Acer rubrum [red maple]). The abundance index based on salamanders surveyed under natural objects was significantly associated with density estimates of P. cinereus derived from depletion (removal) surveys, but underestimated true density by 50%. In contrast, the abundance index based on cover-board surveys overestimated true density by a factor of 8 and the association between the cover-board index and the density estimates was not statistically significant. We conclude that when calibrated and used appropriately, some abundance indices may provide cost-effective and reliable measures of P. cinereus abundance that could be used in conservation assessments and long-term monitoring at Harvard Forest and other northeastern USA forests.
The Effect of Training on Hemodialysis Patients’ Lifestyle Promotion

1. Associate Professor, Mother and Child Care Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2. Instructor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 3. MSc Student in Critical Care Nursing, Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 4. Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Khodayar Oshvandi1, Mohsen Salavati2, Forouzan Ahmadi*3, Alireza Soltanian4 The Effect of Training on Hemodialysis Patients’ Lifestyle Promotion
Impacts of ski resorts on water quality of boreal lakes: a case study in northern Finland

1) Oulanka Research Station and Thule Institute, Liikasenvaarantie 134, FI-93999 Kuusamo, Finland 2) Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyvaskyla, Finland 3) Department of Geography, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland 4) Metsahallitus Natural Heritage Services, Torangintaival 2, FI-93600 Kuusamo, Finland 5) current address: Finnish Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 413, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland (*corresponding author’s e-mail: katja.kangas@metla.fi)
Genotype-environment interaction on the expression of allicin and pyruvic acid in garlic (Allium sativum L.).

La expresion de la intensidad del flavor en los bulbos de ajo (Allium sativum L.), depende tanto de factores geneticos como ambientales. Las caracteristicas organolepticas se manifiestan por la presencia de compuestos organoazufrados, especificamente tiosulfinatos, siendo el representante mayoritario la allicina (diallil tiosulfinato). El acido piruvico constituye un producto secundario de la reaccion enzimatica generadora del flavor, por lo que su medicion se asocia a la intensidad de pungencia en ajo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar si la variabilidad en el contenido de allicina y piruvico esta mas asociada a las caracteristicas geneticas o a la influencia de las regiones de cultivo. Se seleccionaron cuatro cultivares (Castano INTA, Sureno INTA, Lican INTA y Union) pertenecientes al banco de germoplasma del Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) La Consulta, Mendoza, Argentina, cultivados en diferentes zonas geograficas: La Consulta (Dpto. San Carlos, Mendoza), Esquel (Chubut) y Ushuaia (Tierra del Fuego). Se cuantifico la allicina mediante Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Rev. FCA UNCuyo. Tomo 42. N° 2. Ano 2010. 15-22.
Implementation and Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at a Tertiary Care Center in South India

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health threat internationally but, particularly in India. A primary contributing factor to this rise in resistance includes unregulated access to antimicrobials. Implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in the acute hospital setting will help curb inappropriate antibiotic use in India. Currently, ASPs are rare in India but are gaining momentum. This study describes ASP implementation in a large, academic, private, tertiary care center in India. Methods An ASP was established in February 2016 consisting of an administrative champion, hospitalist, microbiologist, intensivist, and pharmacists. Antimicrobial stewardship program interventions included postprescriptive audit and establishment of institutional guidelines. The ASP tracked appropriate drug selection including loading dose, maintenance dose, frequency, route, duration of therapy, de-escalation, and compliance with ASP recommendations. Defined daily dose (DDD) of drugs and cost of antimicrobials were compared between the pre-implementation phase (February 2015–January 2016) and post-implementation phase (February 2016–January 2017). Results Of 48 555 patients admitted during the post-implementation phase, 1020 received 1326 prescriptions for restricted antibiotics. Antibiotic therapy was appropriate in 56% (742) of the total patient prescriptions. A total of 2776 instances of “inappropriate” antimicrobial prescriptions were intervened upon by the ASP. Duration (806, 29%) was the most common reason for inappropriate therapy. Compliance with ASP recommendations was 54% (318). For all major restricted drugs, the DDD/1000 patient days declined, and there was a significant reduction in mean monthly cost by 14.4% in the post-implementation phase. Conclusions Implementation of a multidisciplinary antibiotic stewardship program in this academic, large, Indian hospital demonstrated feasibility and economic benefits.
Distributed under Creative Commons Cc-by 4.0 Age-related Changes of Dental Pulp Tissue after Experimental Tooth Movement in Rats

It is generally accepted that the effect of orthodontic tooth movement on the dental pulp in adolescents is reversible and that it has no long-lasting effect on pulpal physiology. However, it is not clear yet if the same conclusion is also valid for adult subjects. Thus, in two groups of rats, aged 6 and 40 weeks respectively, 3 molars at one side of the maxilla were moved together in a mesial direction with a standardized orthodontic appliance delivering a force of 10 cN. The contralateral side served as a control. Parasagittal histological sections were prepared after tooth movement for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The pulp tissue was characterized for the different groups, with special emphasis on cell density, inflammatory cells, vascularity, and odontoblasts. Dimensions of dentin and the pulpal horns was determined and related with the duration of orthodontic force application and age ware evaluated. We found that neither in young nor in adult rats, force application led to long-lasting or irreversible changes in pulpal tissues. Dimensional variables showed significant age-related changes. In conclusion, orthodontic tooth movement per se has no long-lasting or irreversible effect on pulpal tissues, neither in the young nor in the adult animals.
Impact of way of life and environment on the prevalence of Chlamydia felis in cats as potentional sources of infection for humans.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Chlamydia (C.) felis can cause infection which may be associated with conjunctivitis and/or respiratory tract disease, particularly in kittens, but could also be the cause of the disease in adult cats. Infection is more common in multi-cat environments. The zoonotic potential of C. felis appears low, but exposure to this microorganism is possible by handling the affected cats, by contact with their aerosol, and also via fomites. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the study, 140 cats of various breeds from Košice region in Slovakia were studied. Conjunctival samples were obtained from 71 clinically healthy cats (50.7%) and 69 cats with clinical signs of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract impairment (49.3%). Cats were divided into 4 groups according to breed and type of environment in which they lived. In the 1st group were cats kept inside only (n=33), in the 2nd group, free-roaming cats (n=50), the 3rd group comprised stray cats, taken from the streets (n=28), and the 4th group included cats kept in shelters or deposit devices (n=29). Molecular method PCR and DNA sequencing was used as the diagnostic method. RESULTS Overall positivity was 17.1%. Of the 24 positive cats, the highest positivity was detected in the population of stray cats (35.7%) and shelter cats (31%). In the group of free-roaming cats, 10% had positivity. No positive animals were detected in the group of cats kept inside only. It was also found that the risk of C. felis in cats with clinical signs of disease was more than 7-fold higher than in cats without clinical signs of conjunctivitis and respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results show that cats, especially stray and shelter cats, can be important sources of feline chlamydiosis, and due to their close contact with people they can present a risk for transmission.
Estrutura e florística do estrato arbóreo no cerrado sensu stricto de Buritis, Minas Gerais, Brasil

( Estrutura e floristica do estrato arboreo no cerrado sensu stricto de Buritis, Minas Gerais) . A crescente perda de cobertura do cerrado sensu stricto vem demandando mais estudos sobre sua ecologia para auxiliar em sua conservacao. Este estudo caracteriza a composicao floristica e estrutural do estrato arboreo de um cerrado sensu stricto e testa sua similaridade a outros locais com fisionomia similar. Atraves de parcelas, foi amostrada uma area de 1,45 ha, registrando-se individuos com DAS ≥ 10 cm. Foram calculados os parâmetros estruturais, indice de Shannon (H’), equitabilidade de Pielou (J’) e analisada a distribuicao de especies em classes de diâmetro, enquanto a distribuicao de individuos, em classes de altura e diâmetro. O estudo foi comparado a nove cerrados sensu stricto atraves da analise de similaridade. Registrou-se 1155 individuos, 90 especies, 73 generos e 37 familias. H’ foi igual a 3,75 e J’ igual a 0,83. Qualea grandiflora, Magonia pubescens, Curatella americana e Qualea parviflora apresentaram os maiores valores de importância. A densidade foi 796 individuos/ha e a area basal somou 11,87m 2 /ha. O estudo demonstra maior semelhanca entre o cerrado sensu stricto de Buritis e o encontrado sobre solos rochosos no norte de Goias e sul de Tocantins, alem de detectar padroes floristicos que apontam a relacao da flora arborea entre diferentes areas no Brasil central.
The use of zero inflated modelling to identify high and low gastrointestinal nematode egg shedders in groups of horses

Anthelmintic resistance is widespread among cyathostomins infecting horses. The ability to identify the level of an individual horse’s immunity to cyathostomins might facilitate the development of novel approaches to worm control in this host. Horses on nine properties in south east Queensland were recruited for a study to test the hypothesis that certain individuals consistently contribute disproportionately to pasture contamination with these parasites. Faecal samples from approximately 56 horses were collected monthly for 12 months. As the FEC data were heavily skewed to the right and contained a high proportion of zero counts (48.5%), a zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to assess the associations between explanatory variables and FEC. Various explanatory variables (Table 1) were fitted separately in a univariable model in both the negative binomial and logistic parts of the model. Selected variables were progressively included in a multivariable model and retained in the final model when the likelihood ratio test returned a p-value < 0.05. 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Huber/White estimate of variance to account for clustering by horse. All analyses were undertaken Stata Version 10 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA, 2007). The count and odds ratios for the final model are shown in Table 1. Treatment with an anthelmintic in the previous month and two months previously, breed and season all remained in the logistic part of the final model, whereas anthelminthic treatment 2 months previously, sex and breed all remained in the negative binomial component.
Efficacy assessment of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) devices for inactivating airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The NHLS trust fund and the Presidents Emergency Plan for Aids Relief (PEPFAR) grant, together with the US-CDC grant (1U2GPS002710): CoAA to the CSIR to assist the South African National Department of Health and Provincial Departments of Health integrate TB/HIV Counselling and Testing, and Care and Treatment in the Republic of South Africa.