Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of elite inbreds with diverse CMS sources in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

In sunflower, single source of cytoplasm PET-1 has been exploited extensively for hybrid seed production so far. There is a need to diversify the cytoplasmic base to safeguard sunflower crop from future biotic and abiotic threats, if the cytoplasm becomes susceptible. In the present study diverse cytoplasmic male sterile lines based on CMS PEF, CMS I and PET-1 were utilized to study the nature and extent of genetic differences, breeding value of these sources and to utilize them in heterosis breeding programmes. Along with traditional cytoplasmic source PET-1, other sources viz., CMS PEF and CMS I were equally efficient in expressing their fullest potential of yield and yield contributing characters.
Local Does as Local is: Information Content of the Geography of Individual Investors' Common Stock Investments

Using a data set on the investments made by a large number of retail investors from 1991 to 1996, we find that households exhibit a strong preference for local investment - the average household invests nearly a third of their portfolio in firms headquartered within 250 miles. We test whether this locality bias is driven by information or by simple familiarity. The average household generates an additional return of 3.7% per year from its local holdings relative to its non-local holdings, suggesting local investors are able to exploit local knowledge. The excess return to investing locally is even larger among stocks not in the S&P 500 index (firms where informational asymmetries between local and non-local investors may be largest), while there is no excess return earned by households that invest in local S&P 500 stocks.
Apical skeletons of sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): two methods for inferring mode of larval development

Recent data from mollusks suggest that mode of larval development may have important consequences for rates of speciation and extinction of marine organisms. The present study examines two methods that may be used to infer mode of development in the tests of fossil and Recent echinoids: genital pore size and crystallographic patterns of apical plates. Extant species with known modes of development were examined, and the following hypotheses were tested. 1) Species that produce large eggs and have nonfeeding larval development have larger genital pores than species that produce small eggs and have feeding larval development. 2) Orientations of crystallographic axes (c-axes) of genital and ocular plates differ in species with differing modes of development and can be used to infer mode of development. Genital pore size was found to be strongly dependent on body size within a species. For some taxa, pairwise interspecific comparisons of the relationships between genital pore size and body size support the hypothesis of larger genital pores for species with nonfeeding larval development. However, in multiple comparisons of linear regressions, species with nonfeeding larval development always overlapped other species with feeding larval development. An examination of the allometry of genital pore growth showed some species with nonfeeding larval development differed from those with feeding larval development; other species with differing modes of development could not be distinguished on the basis of allometric growth parameters. Orientations of c-axes of genital plates were found to be accurate indicators of mode of development, but orientations of c-axes of ocular plates were not. Among regular echinoids, 71 of 72 species supported the hypothesis that orientation of c-axes of genital plates is indicative of mode of development. Among 19 spatangoid echinoids studied, orientations of c-axes of genital plates generally allowed separation of species with differing modes of development. This method cannot be used to infer modes of development in taxa with reduced numbers of genital plates such as some spatangoids, some cassiduloids, and all clypeasteroids. Taxonomic differences in c-axis orientations require that inferences be made from comparisons between species within families.
The optimum conditions for inducing 2n pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature in Eucommia ulmoides

Based on the rule of meiosis of microspore, the effects of high temperature, duration and meiotic stages on percentage of 2n pollen were determined by a "living tree high-temperature doubler" using Eucommia ulmoides as the experimental material. The optimum conditions of 2n pollen induction were discussed. The experimental results indicated that significant correlations were found between meiotic stages and mean length, and mean diameter of male buds, and mean exposure length of anther. Thus these morphological indexes could be considered as a marker to the process of meiosis. The concept of weighted mean stage was taken into determination of meiotic stages in asynchronous studied material, which helped compare the quantified differences derived from different treatment combinations. Significant effects on induction percentage of 2n pollen from meiotic stages, high temperature and duration were observed when 2n pollen was induced by high temperature. To some extent, the optimum stage for pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature was a extensive process of meiotic stages. Exceeding 40% of 2n pollen could be obtained by high temperature treatment during diplotene, diakinesis, metaphse Ⅰ, anaphase Ⅰ and metaphse Ⅱ, respectively. Sensitivity to high temperature for male buds was relatively low in E. ulmoides. Therefore, a higher temperature and longer duration are needed when 2n pollen is induced by high temperature treatment.
Indirect Regeneration of Withania somnifera from Nodal Explants

Withania somniferais an important medicinal plant and used to cure many diseases. Indirect regeneration protocol for multiple shoots development was established using nodal explants ofW. somniferafrom 50-60 days old seedlings. The callus induction was observed from nodal explants, grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of 2,4 -dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4 -D) and kinetin (Kn). Maximum level of cal lusing response (80.0%) was recorded on MS medium supplemented with a combinationsof 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/l Kn. The callus (greenish compact) was transferred into MS medium containing various concentrations (0.5 �2.0mg/l) of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) alone and in combination (0.1 �0.4mg/l) with indole -3-acetic acid (IAA) for shoot initiation and OriginalResearch Article
Buddha is hiding: refugees, citizenship, the new America

List of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: Government and Citizenship PART I. IN POL POT TIME 1. Land of No More Hope 2. A Hilton in the Border Zone PART II. GOVERNING THROUGH FREEDOM 3. The Refugee as an Ethical Figure 4. Refugee Medicine: Attracting and Deflecting the Gaze 5. Keeping the House from Burning Down 6. Refugee Love as Feminist Compassion 7. Rescuing the Children PART III. CHURCH AND MARKETPLACE 8. The Ambivalence of Salvation 9. Guns, Gangs, and Doughnut Kings PART IV. RECONFIGURATIONS OF CITIZENSHIP 10. Asian Immigrants as the New Westerners? Afterword: Assemblages of Human Needs Notes Index
Effects of age and sex on haematological and serum biochemistry in Japanese quails

This study was conducted to determine the variations in blood parameters (haematology and serum biochemistry) at different ages (in weeks) in male and female Japanese quails. A total of hundred (100) unsexed day-old quail chicks were purchased and sorted based on sex at the third week. Blood samples were collected at the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th week of age from each sex and analysed for the haematological and serum components. The experiment was arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial layout and all data collected were subjected to one way analysis of variance in completely randomized design (CRD) using SPSS version 20 for windows. Haematological indices were not significantly (P> 0.05) influenced by age except (P 0.05) between the sexes. Total protein, albumin and globulin decreased significantly (P 0.5) effect of interaction between age and sex in quails except (P<0.05) for the PCV which was highest in male quails at the 9th week (51.00%) and least in male quails at the 3rd week (36.50%). All serum indices were statistically different (P <0.05) except calcium and uric acid. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that haemoglobin increased with advancement in age while other haematological parameters were not affected. Sex did not influence haematological parameters in quails, however, female quails had higher serum cholesterol than male quails. Keywords : age, sex, haematology, serum biochemistry and Japanese quails
Dynamics of Language Contact: English and Immigrant Languages

List of map and figures List of tables Series editor's foreword Acknowledgements List of abbreviations 1. Introduction 2. Dynamics of language shift 3. On models and terms 4. Dynamics of convergence and transference 5. Dynamics of transversion 6. Dynamics of plurilingual processing 7. Dynamics of cultural values in contact discourse 8. Towards a synthesis Notes References Index of authors Index of languages Index of subjects.
Association between the matrix metalloproteinase - 12 gene polymorphism and susceptibility of non - small cell lung cancer in northern China

Objective:To investigate the association between matrix metalloproteinases-12(MMP-12-82A/G SNP) polymorphism and susceptibiliy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in northern China.Methods: This hospital-based case-control study included 300 patients with non-small cell lung cancer(161 squamous carcinoma and 139 adenocarcinoma) and 300 healthy controls.Total DNA was extracted form peripheral blood leucocyte using proteinase K digestion followed by a salting out procedure.Polymorphisms of MMP-12 gene were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). Results: The percentage of smokers in the patients(62.0%) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls(36.3%,P0.01). Smoking may increase the risk of NSCLC(age and gender adjusted OR=3.74,95% CI=2.451-5.705). The distribution of MMP-12-82 A/G SNP in the promoter region of healthy controls was not significantly different from the patients with NSCLC evaluated by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P0.05). The allelotype and genotype distribution of the MMP-12-82A/G SNP was not significantly different between NSCLC patients and healthy controls according to smoking status and histological type(P0.05). Conclusion: Smoking increases the risk of developing NSCLC.The allelotype and genotype distribution of MMP-12-82A/G SNP in the NSCLC patients is not significantly different from that in healthy controls.
LEAF GAS EXCHANGE IN TWO DWARF COCONUT GENOTYPES IN THE SOUTHEAST OF BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL.

Net photosynthetic (A) and leaf transpiration (E) rates and stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs) of Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD) and Brazilian Green Dwarf (BGD) coconut accessions (Cocos nucifera var. ‘nana’ L.) were studied and discussed in terms of the technical aspects related to light-response curves in field conditions. Measurements of gas exchange were performed during four days, in April and may 2000, at the Cocoa Research Center Experimental Station (Una - BA, Brazil). The A, gs and E parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two genotypes. The mean maximum values of A, gs and E were 10.4 and 12.0 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 , 0.21 and 0.35 mol H 2 O m -2 s -1 and 3.07 and 3.69 mmol m -2 s -1 for MYD and BGD, respectively. For both genotypes a good fitting of the light-2 response curve models were obtained, indicating that A and gs were dependent of the photosynthetically active radiation incident on leaf surface (Qi), in spite of high genotipic variation. Interesting results were achieved when an empirical multiplicative model was used. The model relating A or gs with Qi and with leaf-to-air water vapour pressure deficit inside the chamber (VPD L ) was tested for both genotypes and showed a negative influence of the latter on the stomatal behavior and consequently on A. Such effect was more pronounced in BGD than in MYD. These and others relationships involving leaf gas exchange and microclimatic variables in coconut palm trees are discussed
Pollen ability and pollination in some olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars in Tunisia as affected by ‘on ’and ‘off ’years

The objective of this work was to assess the pollen viability, the pollen capacity (germination and tube growth) and the rate of fruit set in 19 cultivars of olive trees field-grown in Chott Mariem (Tunisia) after self-and free-pollination treatments during two seasons 2012 ('on'year) and 2013 ('off ’year). The pollen viability ranged from 60.5% for ‘Meski ’to 88.85% for ‘Gerboui ’during 2012 ('on'year) and between 97.47% for ‘Chetoui ’to 62.38% for ‘Meski ’in 2013 ('off ’year). All the cultivars increased their values of viability and germination during 2013 comparatively to 2012, with important consequences on the fertilization process measured by the initial fruit set rate. Concerning the pollination treatments, generally, the free-pollination improved fruit set when compared with self-pollination, especially for ‘Meski ’. However, a non-pollination of ‘Ascolana ’and ‘Tounsi ’was observed with all pollination modes and during the two years in Chott Mariem. Our results showed a high correlation between the rate of fruit set after self-and free-pollinations during the two years of study 2012 and 2013 (respectively, r2= 0.74 and 0.65). This study highlights some major remarkable differences among cultivars in terms of pollen abilities. In general, concerning the pollination efficiency of olive cultivars, the pollen viability can be an important characteristic to be considered as an indicative parameter of pollen development and functionality. Finally, this is a topic of particular importance for large-scale isolated plantings and in choosing the cultivars in new olive groves plantations.
Mechanisms of electron-phonon coupling unraveled in momentum and time: The case of soft phonons in TiSe2

Ultrafast photoexcitation of a layered quantum material yields an energy increase of a specific vibrational mode. The complex coupling between charge carriers and phonons is responsible for diverse phenomena in condensed matter. We apply ultrafast electron diffuse scattering to unravel electron-phonon coupling phenomena in 1T-TiSe2 in both momentum and time. We are able to distinguish effects due to the real part of the many-body bare electronic susceptibility, R[χ0(q)], from those due to the electron-phonon coupling vertex, gq, by following the response of semimetallic (normal-phase) 1T-TiSe2 to the selective photo-doping of carriers into the electron pocket at the Fermi level. Quasi-impulsive and wave vector–specific renormalization of soft zone-boundary phonon frequencies (stiffening) is observed, followed by wave vector–independent electron-phonon equilibration. These results unravel the underlying mechanisms driving the phonon softening that is associated with the charge density wave transition at lower temperatures.
A Framework for App Store Optimization

This paper presents an application of developers' and users' dependent factors in the app store optimization. The application is based on two main fields: developers’ dependent factors and users’ dependent factors. Developers’ dependent factors are identified as: developer name, app name, subtitle, genre, short description, long description, content rating, system requirements, page url, last update, what’s new and price. Users’ dependent factors are identified as: download volume, average rating, rating volume and reviews. The proposed application in its final form is modelled after mining sample data from two leading app stores: Google Play and Apple App Store. Results from analyzing collected data show that developer dependent elements can be better optimized. Names and descriptions of mobile apps are not fully utilized. In Google Play there is one significant correlation between download volume and number of reviews, whereas in App Store there is no significant correlation between factors.
Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of five essential oils from Algerian medicinal plants (Lamiaceae)

Abstract The susceptibility of two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and one methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus (MSSA) to essential oils (EOs) extracted from five Algerian medicinal plants (Lamiaceae) was evaluated. Thymus fontanesii and Thymus numidicus EOs revealed a carvacrol chemical profile (62.7 and 46.8%, respectively) whereas Origanum glandulosum EO was characterized by high contents of carvacrol and thymol. Mentha pulegium was characterized by a high content of pulegone (74.8%) never put in evidence. The major components of Lavandula stoechas L. were fenchone (48.0%) and camphor (21.1%). Antibacterial activities against MRSA and MSSA were evaluated by disk diffusion method and microdilution broth assay. This is the first report on the antibacterial activity against MRSA for EOs from the species T. fontanesii and T. numidicus and for M. pulegium from Algeria. EOs were found to be strongly bactericidal (MIC from 0.3 μL/mL to 4.7 μL/mL) which suggests an additional option to treat MRSA infections.
Primary evaluation of cold tolerance among eight winter Brassica rapa

In this study,eight winter Brassica rapa cultivars were selected as materials,studied the relation between cold tolerance and botanic characteris-tics,growing period and dry matter accumulation.The results indicated:the eight winter rapeseed were divided into four groups:ultra winter-hardy cultivars,strong cold tolerance cultivars,cold tolerance cultivars and ordinary cold tolerance cultivars.The ultra winter-hardy cultivars(MXW-1,DQW-1) grew horizontally and their leaves were dark green or purple,their growing point undercut during the growth.And this type has strong root and longer growth period.
Disruption of Sex Attraction of the Redbanded Leafroller (Argyrotaenia velutinana with Microencapsulated Pheromone Components

Microencapsulated cis - and trans -11-tetradecenyl acetates (89:11) were sprayed onto apple trees at ca. 22 g/ha. This formulation disrupted (75–99%) the attraction of male Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker) to monitoring traps baited with cis - and trans -11- tetradecenyl acetates (92:8) and dodecyl acetate, the natural pheromone blend of this species. Males held in smail cages and exposed to this formulation mated as frequently as a control group, indicating that the males' mating initiative was not suppressed.
Study on peroxidase isoenzymes and esterase isoenzymes of leaves in five varieties of Zizyphus jujuba Mill.

Peroxidase isoenzymes and esterase isoenzymes of five major jujuba varieties which were cultured in Jiangsu Province were by the means of perpendicular plate type of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE),and their relationship by cluster analysis methods.The results showed that: 1.Peroxidase isoenzymic patterns and esterase isoenzymic patterns of leaves in Zizyphus jujuba Mill.are clear and stable if the leaves for the measurement are taken in September;2.Among the five tested jujuba samples,five peroxidase bands appear on the gel,forming three zymogram types and fourteen esterase bands shown form four zymogram types;3.The consanguinity analysis of genetic distance shows that Dongzao is remote to the other four jujuba cultivars,Sihongshazao is closely related with Fengmiguan while Mayizao and Sihongdazao are genetically between Dongzao and Fengmiguan.Sihongdazao is genetically remote to Sihongshazao,being two different jujuba cultivars.
Multiple Explanations for the Single Transit of KIC 5951458 Based on Radial Velocity Measurements Extracted with a Novel Matched-template Technique

Planetary systems that show single-transit events are a critical pathway to increasing the yield of long-period exoplanets from transit surveys. From the primary Kepler mission, KIC 5951458 b (Kepler-456b) was thought to be a single-transit giant planet with an orbital period of 1310 days. However, radial velocity (RV) observations of KIC 5951458 from the HIRES instrument on the Keck telescope suggest that the system is far more complicated. To extract precise RVs for this star, we develop a novel matched-template technique that takes advantage of a broad library of template spectra acquired with HIRES. We validate this technique and measure its noise floor to be 4–8 m s−1 (in addition to internal RV error) for most stars that would be targeted for precision RVs. For KIC 5951458, we detect a long-term RV trend that suggests the existence of a stellar companion with an orbital period greater than a few thousand days. We also detect an additional signal in the RVs that is possibly caused by a planetary or brown dwarf companion with mass in the range of 0.6–82 MJup and orbital period below a few thousand days. Curiously, from just the data on hand, it is not possible to determine which object caused the single “transit” event. We demonstrate how a modest set of RVs allows us to update the properties of this unusual system and predict the optimal timing for future observations.
The role of coping styles in temporomandibular disorder patients with myalgia

Background Patients suffering pain related temporomandibular disorders (TMD) exhibit greater levels of psychological distress, environmental stress, somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, somatic awareness, pain catastrophizing, and pain coping strategies compared to pain-free controls. However, little is known about psychological factors involved in the different TMD types fulfilling DC/TMD criteria. Furthermore, regardless of the severity, the role of general coping strategies and styles in TMD is not yet well understood. The main goal of this study was to investigate anxiety, personality traits, and coping behavior in a group of dentistry students suffering from temporomandibular disorder with myalgia. Methods A total of 102 participants were recruited for this study. Following clinical evaluation, a mylagic TMD group (24 participants) and a control group (25 participants) were formed. Participants were later assessed in anxiety, stress coping strategies, and personality measures. Results The myalgic TMD group presented greater levels of trait anxiety and neuroticism in comparison to the control group. In addition, participants with myalgia showed higher levels of avoidance coping. Conclusions Avoidance coping strategies are generally considered maladaptive, as they seem to increase perceived stress, a robust predictor of TMD. Interventions to reduce stress levels and prevent maladaptive coping styles, tailored to the needs of myalgic TMD patients, might improve temporomandibular health and prevent the myalgic TMD and its chronification.