Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baseline correlates of frailty and its association with survival in United States veterans with acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract Frailty is an important construct to measure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We used the Veterans Affairs Frailty Index (VA-FI) – calculated using readily available data within the VA’s electronic health records – to measure frailty in U.S. veterans with AML. Of the 1166 newly diagnosed and treated veterans with AML between 2012 and 2022, 722 (62%) veterans with AML were classified as frail (VA-FI > 0.2). At a median follow-up of 252.5 days, moderate-severely frail veterans had significantly worse survival than mildly frail, and non-frail veterans (median survival 179 vs. 306 vs. 417 days, p < .001). Increasing VA-FI severity was associated with higher mortality. A model with VA-FI in addition to the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) risk classification and other covariates statistically outperformed a model containing the ELN risk and other covariates alone (p < .001). These findings support the VA-FI as a tool to expand frailty measurement in research and clinical practice for informing prognosis in veterans with AML.
IL-6 trans-signaling in a humanized mouse model of scleroderma

Significance Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease that causes skin and internal organ fibrosis. No mouse model has been identified that fully recapitulates human disease. Therefore, we tested whether the MISTRG6 strain of humanized mice could be transplanted with healthy or scleroderma human skin grafts. We found that healthy and scleroderma skin grafts retained skin and bone marrow–derived immune cells. Moreover, fibrosis in scleroderma skin grafts was alleviated by engraftment with unmatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Mechanistic studies supported a trans-signaling model whereby CD4 T cell–derived soluble interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor complexed with interferon-driven IL-6 cytokine drives skin fibrosis. Thus, scleroderma skin transplants to MISTRG6 humanized mice recapitulate a key signaling pathway of scleroderma and may be a useful model to study human disease.
Conformal modulus and planar domains with strong singularities and cusps

We study the problem of computing the conformal modulus of rings and quadrilaterals with strong singularities and cusps at their boundary. We reduce this problem to the numerical solution of the associated Dirichlet and Dirichlet-Neumann-type boundary values problems for the Laplace equation. Several experimental results, with error estimates, are reported. In particular, we consider domains with dendrite-like boundaries where an analytic formula for the conformal modulus can be derived. The boundary value problems are solved using an hp -ﬁnite element method.
Bio-activity prediction of drug candidate compounds targeting SARS-Cov-2 using machine learning approaches

The SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro protein is one of the key therapeutic targets of interest for COVID-19 due to its critical role in viral replication, various high-quality protein crystal structures, and as a basis for computationally screening for compounds with improved inhibitory activity, bioavailability, and ADMETox properties. The ChEMBL and PubChem database contains experimental data from screening small molecules against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, which expands the opportunity to learn the pattern and design a computational model that can predict the potency of any drug compound against coronavirus before in-vitro and in-vivo testing. In this study, Utilizing several descriptors, we evaluated 27 machine learning classifiers. We also developed a neural network model that can correctly identify bioactive and inactive chemicals with 91% accuracy, on CheMBL data and 93% accuracy on combined data on both CheMBL and Pubchem. The F1-score for inactive and active compounds was 93% and 94%, respectively. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) on XGB classifier to find important fingerprints from the PaDEL descriptors for this task. The results indicated that the PaDEL descriptors were effective in predicting bioactivity, the proposed neural network design was efficient, and the Explanatory factor through SHAP correctly identified the important fingertips. In addition, we validated the effectiveness of our proposed model using a large dataset encompassing over 100,000 molecules. This research employed various molecular descriptors to discover the optimal one for this task. To evaluate the effectiveness of these possible medications against SARS-CoV-2, more in-vitro and in-vivo research is required.
Neurosensory and vascular symptoms and clinical findings in the hands of Arctic open-pit miners in Sweden and Norway – a descriptive study

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study aimed to describe exposure to cold climate and hand-arm vibration (HAV) as well as neurosensory and vascular symptoms and clinical findings among open-pit Arctic miners. It was based on data from questionnaires and physical examinations, including 177 men and 75 women from two open-pit mines in Sweden and Norway (response rate 54%). Working outdoors or in an unheated building or machine for at least two hours per day was reported by 44% and HAV exposure of the same duration by 10%. Neurosensory symptoms (e.g. reduced perception of touch) in the hands were reported by 47% and Raynaud’s phenomenon by 14%. In brief conclusion, the study showed that Arctic miners were commonly exposed to both cold temperatures and HAV. They also reported a broad range of neurosensory and vascular symptoms in their hands and had abnormal clinical findings related to the symptoms. The results emphasise the need for additional preventive measures in this occupational setting.
Feature : Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry : Imaging drugs and metabolites in tissues

PHARMACOLOGY Correction for ‘‘Mass Spectrometry Across the Sciences Special Feature: Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: Imaging drugs and metabolites in tissues,’’ by Justin M. Wiseman, Demian R. Ifa, Yongxin Zhu, Candice B. Kissinger, Nicholas E. Manicke, Peter T. Kissinger, and R. Graham Cooks, which appeared in issue 47, November 25, 2008, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (105:18120–18125; first published August 12, 2008; 10.1073 pnas.0801066105). The authors note that due to a printer’s error, on page 18122, Fig. 2A was printed incorrectly. The corrected figure and its legend appear below.
Pulmonary rehabilitation in the intensive care unit using surface electromyography in a patient with diaphragmatic injury: A case report

Diaphragmatic injury (DI) following blunt trauma can cause pulmonary complications and increased duration of ventilator-dependent intensive care unit stay. Herein, we present a 62-year-old female patient with severe trauma who was diagnosed with liver laceration and multiple rib fractures and underwent emergency laparotomy. Extubation was attempted; however, the patient had to be reintubated due to dyspnea. After reintubation, decreased right diaphragmatic excursion was confirmed by ultrasonography and the patient was diagnosed with DI. Surface electromyographic biofeedback was performed during diaphragmatic breathing training to increase the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation. Early diagnosis of DI may be possible using ultrasonography, and the use of surface electromyographic biofeedback is suggested for pulmonary rehabilitation in critically ill trauma patients.
The lived experiences of Tuberculosis survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdown in South Africa: a qualitative analysis

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern in South Africa, where prior to COVID-19 it was associated with more deaths than any other infectious disease. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted gains made in the global response to TB, having a serious impact on the most vulnerable. COVID-19 and TB are both severe respiratory infections, where infection with the one place individuals at increased risk for negative health outcomes for the other. Even after completing TB treatment, TB survivors remain economically vulnerable and continue to be negatively affected by TB. Methods This cross-sectional qualitative study, which was part of a larger longitudinal study in South Africa, explored how TB survivors’ experienced the COVID-19 pandemic and government restrictions. Participants were identified through purposive sampling and were recruited and interviewed at a large public hospital in Gauteng. Data were analyzed thematically, using a constructivist research paradigm and both inductive and deductive codebook development. Results Participants (n = 11) were adults (24–74 years of age; more than half male or foreign nationals) who had successfully completed treatment for pulmonary TB in the past two years. Participants were generally found to be physically, socioeconomically, and emotionally vulnerable, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating or causing a recurrence of many of the same stressors they had faced with TB. Coping strategies during COVID similarly mirrored those used during TB diagnosis and treatment, including social support, financial resources, distraction, spirituality, and inner strength. Conclusions Implications and suggestions for future directions include fostering and maintaining a strong network of social support for TB survivors.
Charge-transfer-driven enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism in BiFeO3/Ag nanocomposite

We report observation of more than an order of magnitude jump in saturation magnetization in BiFeO3/Ag nanocomposite at room temperature compared to what is observed in bare BiFeO3 nanoparticles. Using transmission electron microscopy together with energy dispersive x-ray spectra (which maps the element concentration across the BiFeO3/Ag interface) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we show that both the observed specific self-assembly pattern of BiFeO3 and Ag nanoparticles and the charge transfer between Ag and O are responsible for such an enormous rise in room-temperature magnetization. The BiFeO3/Ag nanocomposites, therefore, could prove to be extremely useful for a variety of applications including biomedical.
Evidences for a Liquid Martian Core

Bertka, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, D.C. 20015, USA (fei@gl.ciw.edu), Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China (l.zhang@mars.swjtu.edu.cn), Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan (tkomabay@geo.titech.ac.jp), Institute for Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan (sata@jamstec.go.jp), American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20005, USA (cbertka@aaas.org).
Gluteus maximus tendon transfer as a salvage option for painful chronic hip abductor insufficiency: clinical and MRI results with a minimum follow-up of 24 months

Introduction: Chronic hip abductor insufficiency is a rare debilitating condition. In cases refractory to conservative treatment and not amenable to direct repair an augmentation becomes necessary. The preferred salvage method at our institution is augmentation with the anterior third of the gluteus maximus tendon. The aim of this study is to describe the results of 8 patients, treated for painful chronic hip abductor insufficiency with gluteus maximus muscle transfer, after a minimal follow-up of 24 months including a full clinical and MRI evaluation of the hip abductors pre- and postoperatively. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 8 patients who were surgically managed for painful chronic hip abductor insufficiency. All patients had a Trendelenburg sign, impaired muscle strength (M ⩽ 3) as well as a complete avulsion of the hip abductors with marked fatty degeneration (⩾3). Pain levels, muscle strength, functional scores as well as a postoperative MRI was obtained after a minimal follow-up of 24 months. Results: The mean age of the patients was 69 years, mean follow-up was 35 (26–54) months. Pain was significantly reduced postoperatively to VAS 2.5 from VAS 5 (p = 0.046). Trendelenburg sign remained positive in all patients and hip abductor strength did not improve significantly from 2.4 to 3.1 (p = 0.19). Complete healing of the transferred tendon was confirmed by MRI in all patients at last follow-up. Conclusions: In the setting of painful chronic hip abductor insufficiency refractory to conservative treatment with advanced muscle degeneration without the possibility of a direct reconstruction the gluteus maximus tendon transfer significantly decreased pain. The effect on hip abductor strength and patient-reported functional outcome scores is limited. Despite the modest results it remains our preferred salvage treatment option for lack of better alternatives. Larger studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
Comprehensive Vulnerability Evaluation of Face Recognition Systems to Template Inversion Attacks via 3D Face Reconstruction

In this article, we comprehensively evaluate the vulnerability of state-of-the-art face recognition systems to template inversion attacks using 3D face reconstruction. We propose a new method (called GaFaR) to reconstruct 3D faces from facial templates using a pretrained geometry-aware face generation network, and train a mapping from facial templates to the intermediate latent space of the face generator network. We train our mapping with a semi-supervised approach using real and synthetic face images. For real face images, we use a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based framework to learn the distribution of generator intermediate latent space. For synthetic face images, we directly learn the mapping from facial templates to the generator intermediate latent code. Furthermore, to improve the success attack rate, we use two optimization methods on the camera parameters of the GNeRF model. We propose our method in the whitebox and blackbox attacks against face recognition systems and compare the transferability of our attack with state-of-the-art methods across other face recognition systems on the MOBIO and LFW datasets. We also perform practical presentation attacks on face recognition systems using the digital screen replay and printed photographs, and evaluate the vulnerability of face recognition systems to different template inversion attacks.
Application of Stability Analysis for Silkworm Breeding

Levels of genetic diversity in the silkworm populations affect with yield of economic traits and its stability. The quantitative genetic and biometry scientists have been largely interested to truly investigate on gene expression, with less emphasis on the environment and the genetic × environment interaction. In this investigation, stability of evaluation index (as a multi traits selection index) was evaluated in thirteen silkworm genotypes across three season in Mysore, India, during 2004 to 2007. The data was evaluated by means of Huehn through nonparametric stability indices by analyzing of Si (3) , Si (6) and Lin and Binns method using Pi index. The three different non parametric methods demonstrated that (MU406, MG414, MU405, MU1, Tamil Nadu white and Hosa Mysore), (MU406, MG414, MU405, MU1 and Tamil Nadu white) and (MU406, MU405, MU1, Tamil Nadu White and Hosa Mysore) have shown good stability for evaluation index
Adherence and utilization of short-term antibiotics: Randomized controlled study

Enhancing adherence to medication has the potential to improve clinical outcomes and decrease healthcare cost. The role of clinical pharmacist-led education on adherence to short-term antibiotic has never been investigated in Jordan. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on antibiotic short-term adherence and to assess the antibiotic utilization pattern. A prospective, single blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital in Jordan. Adult patients diagnosed with acute infection and prescribed a short-term antibiotic course (< 30 day) were included in the study. Recruited patients were randomly allocated into control and intervention groups. Pharmaceutical education about the correct use of antibiotic/s was provided to the intervention group. The results showed that penicillins were the most prescribed antibiotics (38.7%) followed by fluoroquinolones (23.9%) and cephalosporines (20.9%). Patients in the intervention group were more likely to be adherent to the prescribed antibiotics compared to control group (OR = 1.445, 95CI% = 1.029–2.030, p = 0.033). Employed patients, less frequent administration of antibiotic, and searching information related to the prescribed antibiotics were factors associated with better adherence to short-term antibiotic (p<0.05). The most common reasons for non-adherence were feeling better and forgetfulness to take medication. These findings highlighted that pharmacist-led educational intervention significantly enhance adherence to prescribed short-term antibiotics which is a major drive to control antibiotic resistance. Initiatives should be adopted to include patient education as a regular element in the medication dispensing process. Clinical trial registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT05293977).
Mimicking superinfection exclusion disrupts alphavirus infection and transmission in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti

Significance Arboviruses are a significant burden to human health worldwide. Due to the lack of licensed vaccines and antiviral therapeutics, current disease prevention mainly focuses on vector control by means of insecticides. Genetic control technologies have the potential to provide more sustainable means of mosquito vector control. We have investigated a virus-strain independent, low-resistance, synthetic biology approach with broad spectrum potential to control the transmission of alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus. The uniqueness of our approach is based on utilizing a mechanism these viruses use themselves to prevent infection of the same cell with multiple different alphaviruses—a phenomenon termed superinfection exclusion. A population of genetically modified mosquitoes exhibiting this mechanism could result in reduced disease transmission in a relevant area.
Respuesta bioquímica y morfométrica a la incorporación de pescado, pollo y carne vacuna en la dieta de Caiman yacare en cautiverio

Koza, G.A. ; Mussart, N.B.; Barboza, N.N. ; Coppo, J.A. : Biochemical and morpho- metrical response to the supplementation of fish, chicken and bovine meat in the diet of Cayman yacare captive specimens. Rev. vet. 23: 2, 110-115, 2011. Nutritional biochemical indicators, liveweight and corporal dimensions allow to evaluate the impact of different diets regarding the growth of Caiman yacare, as well as to optimize their commercial breeding. In a hatchery located in northeast Argentina, three diets were evaluated using 60 sub-adults specimens (liveweigh: 1.46 ± 0.06 kg and muzzle-sewer longitude: 37.29 ± 0.28 cm), divided in three groups of 20 animals each (50% each sex). All animals received a basal diet (70%) of balanced food (DM 88%, CP 30%, EE 11%, ash 4.5%) and a supplementation (30%) that varied according to the group (bovine meat, chicken or fish). At the beginning and the end of the trial (170 days) weighings and corporal measurements of the reptiles were carried out. Also, blood analysis (nutritional profile) were performed in 10 animals of each group (50% of each sex). Through a totally randomized design, the analysis of the covariance (ANCOVA) was carried out. Parameters such as longitude and head wide, as well as values of total pro-
Measurable residual disease monitoring in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with lower‐intensity therapy: Roadmap from an ELN‐DAVID expert panel

With the availability of effective targeted agents, significant changes have occurred in the management of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) over the past several years, particularly for those considered unfit for intensive chemotherapy. While testing for measurable residual disease (MRD) is now routinely performed in patients treated with intensive chemotherapy to refine prognosis and, possibly, inform treatment decision‐making, its value in the context of lower‐intensity regimens is unclear. As such regimens have gained in popularity and can be associated with higher response rates, the need to better define the role of MRD assessment and the appropriate time points and assays used for this purpose has increased. This report outlines a roadmap for MRD testing in patients with AML treated with lower‐intensity regimens. Experts from the European LeukemiaNet (ELN)–DAVID AML MRD working group reviewed all available data to propose a framework for MRD testing in future trials and clinical practice. A Delphi poll served to optimize consensus. Establishment of uniform standards for MRD assessments in lower‐intensity regimens used in treating patients with AML is clinically relevant and important for optimizing testing and, ultimately, improving treatment outcomes of these patients.
Fases reproductivas de Gracilaria damaecornis J. Agardh (Gracilariaceae: Rhodophyta)

Resumen: Se estudio la fenologia reproductiva de Gracilaria damaecornis en Punta Arenas, Estado Sucre, Venezuela, desde septiembre 1990 hasta marzo 1991. La especie se presento fertil durante el periodo de muestreo con la presencia de plantas gametofiticas (carposporofitos y gametofitos masculinos). La proporcion de plantas tetrasporofiticas domino a las gametofiticas, variando desde un minimo de 36,36% en diciembre a un maximo de 68,84% en febrero. Los valores mas elevados coincidieron con la epoca de sequia, caracterizada por temperaturas bajas, oleaje y vientos fuertes. Las plantas menos numerosas fueron los gametofitos masculinos. En una misma planta se observo la presencia de fases reproductivas mezcladas, en este caso, tetrasporofitos y carposporofitos. Palabras claves: Gracilaria , fenologia reproductiva, algas. ABSTRACT: This paper reports on the reproductive phenology of Gracilaria damaecornis in Punta Arenas, state of Sucre, Venezuela, from September 1990 to March 1991. This species demonstrated fertility during the sampling period with the presence of gametophytic plants (male carposporophytes and gametophytes). The proportion of tetrasporophytic specimens surpassed that of gametophytes, ranging from a minimum of 36.36% in December to a maximum of 68.84% in February. The highest values coincided with the dry season, characterized by low temperatures, rough seas and strong winds. Male gametophytes occurred fewer in number than the other phases. The presence of mixed reproductive phases, namely, tetrasporophytes and carposporophytes, was observed on the same plant. Key words: Gracilaria , reproductive phenology, algae.