Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apparent digestibility coefficients of banana peel, cassava peel, cocoa husk, copra waste, and sugarcane bagasse in the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to estimate the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of the nutrients and energy contained in banana peel, cassava peel, cocoa husk, copra waste, and sugarcane bagasse in GIFT Nile tilapia (initial body weight 22.38 ± 0.33 g). A reference diet was formulated to satisfy the nutrient requirement of the fish. Five test diets were formulated to contain 70% of the reference diet and 30% of each test ingredient. The experiment lasted 42 days. The ADCs of dry matter (DM), crude lipid (CL), ash, crude fiber (CF), total carbohydrate (TC), and gross energy (GE) were 16.19%, 6.56%, 11.40%, 38.98% and 15.68% for banana peel; the ADCs of DM, crude protein (CP), CL, ash, CF, TC, and GE were 69.11%, 31.61%, 61.07%, 68.88%, 73.14%, 71.24%, and 69.00% for cassava peel; the ADCs of DM, ash, CF, TC, and GE were 10.56%, 0.84%, 28.70%, 2.82%, and 8.459. 69% for cocoa husk; the ADCs of DM, CP, CL, ash, CF, TC, and GE were 63.08%, 20.14%, 66.60%, 32.53%, 69.70%, 66.21%, and 64.06% for copra waste; and the ADCs of DM, CF, TC, and GE were 15.22%, 36.71%, 34.34%, and 15.55% for sugarcane bagasse in tilapia respectively. This experiment generated basic information for the use of these ingredients in diet formulation for tilapia. However, considering the relatively low ADCs of nutrients observed in the present experiment, further processing could be an interesting avenue in improving the nutritional value and digestibility of these ingredients.
How does adventure sport tourism enhance well-being? A conceptual model

ABSTRACT Sport tourism literature has paid limited attention to the psychological well-being benefits derived from participating in this form of tourism. This is especially the case for adventure sport tourism, which is characterised by travel to a destination to participate in an adventure sport event, such as competitive surfing or mountain biking. Through an analysis of the contemporary literature regarding adventure sport, tourism, and psychological well-being, we propose a conceptual model of the psychological processes underlying well-being outcomes for adventure sport tourists. The conceptual model explains how adventure sport tourism participation affects hedonic and eudaimonic psychological well-being via the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) and nature connectedness. We argue that this conceptual model has the potential to advance knowledge in relation to the theory, practice, and design of adventure sport tourism. We outline research propositions emanating from the conceptual model and directions for future research on adventure sport tourism and psychological well-being.
Who Supports Polish Educational Reforms? Exploring Actors’ and Observers’ Attitudes

This investigation is based on eight extensive empirical studies (total N = 12,294) supplemented by automated analysis of online data, to examine attitudes toward educational reforms introduced in Poland in 2017. We explore the attitudes within groups categorized as actors (people directly affected by the reform, namely students and parents) and observers (the general population). The Attitudes Toward Educational Reform Scale (ATERS) was developed and validated. ATERS psychometric properties were examined using item response theory and confirmatory factor analyses, while the differences between groups were summarized meta-analytically. Consistently with expectations, we observed that the overall attitude toward the reform was negative, and the strength of this negative attitude increased along with being more directly affected by the changes introduced by it. While the general population held a relatively neutral attitude toward the reform, the attitude was clearly negative among parents and students. We discuss reasons and consequences of these findings.
Applicability of Clinical Decision Support in Management among Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery in Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review

The advances achieved in recent decades regarding cardiac surgery have led to a new risk that goes beyond surgeons’ dexterity; postoperative hours are crucial for cardiac surgery patients and are usually spent in intensive care units (ICUs), where the patients need to be continuously monitored to adjust their treatment. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have been developed to take this real-time information and provide clinical suggestions to physicians in order to reduce medical errors and to improve patient recovery. In this review, an initial total of 499 papers were considered after identification using PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Twenty-two studies were included after filtering, which included the deletion of duplications and the exclusion of titles or abstracts that were not of real interest. A review of these papers concluded the applicability and advances that CDSSs offer for both doctors and patients. Better prognosis and recovery rates are achieved by using this technology, which has also received high acceptance among most physicians. However, despite the evidence that well-designed CDSSs are effective, they still need to be refined to offer the best assistance possible, which may still take time, despite the promising models that have already been applied in real ICUs.
EXPLORING SYNTACTIC PRIMING AS A MEASURE OF IMPLICIT LANGUAGE APTITUDE

Abstract This study investigates the validity of syntactic priming as a measure of implicit language aptitude. Syntactic priming refers to the tendency to reproduce a linguistic structure due to a previous exposure to the structure. The validity of the construct was verified by collating evidence for divergent validity—whether it is dissociable from explicit aptitude; convergent validity—whether it is correlated with other measures of implicit aptitude; and predictive validity—whether it is predictive of learning attainment. One hundred sixty-six university EFL learners completed three tests of implicit aptitude: syntactic priming, sequence learning, and LLAMA_D; three tests of explicit aptitude: LLAMA_B, _E, and _F; and three tests of L2 proficiency: untimed grammaticality judgment, metalinguistic knowledge, and elicited imitation. The results showed that syntactic priming was dissociable from explicit aptitude, but it failed to converge with the other measures of implicit aptitude, and it also failed to predict L2 proficiency. The results also showed that priming was negatively correlated with sequence learning and that sequence learning was a negative predictor of learners’ metalinguistic knowledge. On the other hand, the construct validity of explicit aptitude was strong. The results suggest the multidimensionality of implicit aptitude and the need for more research into the construct validity of syntactic priming as a cognitive ability for implicit learning.
A new Norwegian Lemming subspecies from Novaya Zemlya, Arctic Russia

Norwegian Lemming Lemmus lemmus is a remarkable population cycling species having a number of aposematic traits in coloration and behavior. This species was thought to be the only mammal endemic to Fennoscandia. Here, we report on the discovery of a distinct lineage of this species from Novaya Zemlya. This lineage is described here as the new subspecies Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov. that morphologically differs from the nominate subspecies by having a cryptic coloration. Our time-calibrated phylogeny revealed that this insular subspecies was isolated there since the Eemian interglacial (mean age 93 Ka). Hence, bright coloration and antipredator behavior of the nominate subspecies are novel aposematic traits that evolved since its isolation in a European refugium. This new discovery indicates that Novaya Zemlya supported a cryptic polar refugium for cold-adapted terrestrial fauna during the Pleistocene. Finally, our findings highlight that allopatric ranges of the true lemmings (Lemmus) reflect stepwise range expansions in cold climatic episodes with subsequent isolation in refugia during interglacial events.
The benefits and penalties of formal and informal flexible working-time arrangements: evidence from a cohort study of Australian mothers

Abstract While flexible working-time arrangements are highly sought-after entitlements for the reconciliation of work and family responsibilities, they also risk workplace stigma and deterioration in users’ (typically mothers’) employment status and career prospects. Among potential influences on these outcomes is the formality of provisions. In this analysis we examine job satisfaction, work/family benefits and employment penalties among Australian mothers using flexible working arrangements, comparing the outcomes of those who accessed flexible working-time arrangements formally (through policy provisions available at their workplace) with the outcomes of those who used informally negotiated arrangements. Using data from a nationally representative cohort of working mothers, we show that the use of flexible working-time arrangements was positively associated with specific indicators of job satisfaction, and that this association was stronger among mothers who accessed formal arrangements. However, formality was positively associated not only with perceived benefits (such as more time with family) but also with problems (such as intensified workloads and lost opportunities for training). Overall, our findings suggest that while formality is important, it may also amplify the tension between benefits and penalties associated with flexible working-time arrangements.
Psychometric Evaluation of the F-SUS: Creation and Validation of the French Version of the System Usability Scale

ABSTRACT While the System Usability Scale (SUS) is probably one of the most widely used questionnaires to measure the perceived ease of use of interactive systems, there is currently no scientific valid translation in French. This article describes the translation and statistical validation of the French version of the SUS, called F-SUS. On the basis of two translations carried out by a committee of bilingual experts, the various psychometric analyses made it possible to select only one translation. Fidelity measurement, factor analysis and sensitivity measurement obtained results very close or similar to the original version of the SUS. Thus, the F-SUS can be used with confidence by French-speaking usability researchers and practitioners.
An Analytic Benchmark for Neutron Boltzmann Transport with Downscattering—Part I: Flux and Eigenvalue Solutions

Abstract Computing in the energy dimension is one of the greatest challenges confronting present-day deterministic neutron transport solvers. Accurately resolving the neutron flux as neutrons downscatter across resonances in the nuclear cross sections currently requires considerable computing power and suffers from approximation errors. Flux uncertainty resulting from the uncertainty of the resonance structure is the single-largest cause of reactivity uncertainty. Any additional reference solution for the critical neutron downscattering problem with resonance phenomena would be a boon to verification and validation of neutronics codes. This paper establishes a benchmark to verify the accuracy of neutron transport criticality solvers along the energy dimension. For the first time, the analytic solution of the flux amplitude is derived in the particular case of an infinite homogeneous medium with isotropic scattering in the center of mass and an arbitrary number of no-threshold, neutral particle reaction resonances (e.g., radiative capture, fission, and resonance scattering). Original analytic expressions are established to quantify the discrepancy between the and flux amplitudes, respective solutions of the multiplication factor , or the exponential time-evolution frequency eigenproblems. The physical study of these relations led to analysis of their first-order relative difference near the criticality condition . Finally, numerical solutions are provided to a benchmark problem constituted of the first resonance of 239Pu, the 6.67-eV resonance of 238U, and a scattering isotope with a flat cross section, allowing for the computational verification of the energy resolution of current neutron transport criticality codes. Through these novel results, this analytic benchmark can serve as a reference to verify the energy resolution and sensitivity analysis of neutron transport criticality calculations.
Methane Hydrate Formation and Evolution During Sedimentation

We explored methane hydrate formation with sedimentation with a newly developed one‐dimensional, multiphase flow, multicomponent transport numerical model. Our model couples methane hydrate formation from in situ microbial methane generation within the hydrate stability zone (HSZ), methane recycling, and microbial methane generation below the base of the hydrate stability zone (BHSZ). Both recycled methane and deeply generated methane are transported into the HSZ by buoyancy‐driven free gas flow. Free gas flows through the HSZ by both the processes of capillary‐dependent pore fillings and by salt exclusion during hydrate formation, with the former being the dominant mechanism. We quantitively illustrated the formation of enriched hydrate in muddy sediments above, and interconnected free gas below, the BHSZ, which are common features along the world's continental margin. In addition, we showed two ways to form concentrated methane hydrate above the BHSZ. The first mechanism is local free gas flow during methane recycling. This happens at sites with sufficient methane generation above the BHSZ. The second mechanism is deep microbial methane generation which is transported into the HSZ by free gas flow. This mechanism plays a more important role at sites with high sedimentation rates. This study provides new insights into methane hydrate formation and distribution below the seafloor. It is important for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon storage below the seafloor and for resource evaluation and exploitation.
Assessment of the European Union’s Educational Efficiency

This paper assesses education sector’s efficiency by comparing 28 European Union states at different levels of education using the mathematic approach of data envelopment analysis. We conducted the study from both the allocative and technical perspectives by considering all education levels separately and then as a whole, every three years, starting with 2006. The input and output variables were adapted to each particular level of education. In this way, we offered a complete image of the education system, creating a ranking for the countries, based on efficiency scores. Efficiency appears to be achieved when education results, such as the Programme for International Student Assessment scores, attainment level or other value-added outcomes, are reached with rather low levels of financial resources. The performance in education lacks sustainability in many countries, mostly belonging to Mediterranean and south-eastern European groups, with old member states recording efficiency scores closer to 1 compared to the new ones. Inefficiency derived from different causes and interactions between these causes (the mixture between public and private resources, the different population composition, gross domestic product per capita or levels of education attainment) and most often imply particular solutions from country to country.
Empowering Financial Education by Banks—Social Media as a Modern Channel

Financial literacy is extremely important, both from the perspective of the financial well-being of individuals and the stability of the financial market and the whole economy. The more financially literate a bank’s customers are, the more frequently and consciously they use financial products and services. Thus, banks are potentially significant stakeholders in the financial education process. Considering that social media have become the leading channel for communication and relationship building, especially regarding young clients, this channel should also be used by banks to increase financial literacy. The aim of this paper is to assess banks’ involvement in financial education activities through social media. We assume that banks use social media as a modern and attractive channel for improving financial education among social media users. The empirical analysis was conducted using several data sources, including non-financial statements and a unique self-collected dataset that describes the specifics of the most popular social media platforms (like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, GoldenLine, and LinkedIn) in the activities of commercial and cooperative banks in Poland between 2010 and 2019. Descriptive statistical methods and cluster analysis were used. The results show that educational activities provided by banks in Poland differ for each social media channel. Additionally, although financial education topics have become more popular among content published by banks, there is a huge disproportion between cooperative and commercial banks. Generally, banks that are more active on social media (mostly commercial banks) also pay more attention to the financial education context.
Narcissistic leadership and employees’ innovative behaviour: mediating roles of job embeddedness and job engagement

ABSTRACT Organisations need innovation in products and services to grow and survive in competitive environments. Development of innovation in organisations is achieved by human resources. Employees’ innovative behaviour is influenced by various factors, including leadership styles and leaders’ characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the effect of narcissistic leadership on employees’ innovative behaviour by introducing employees’ job embeddedness and job engagement as the mediating variables. A narcissistic leader never allows employees to participate in decision-making processes, which affects their corporation's intention and creativity and makes them do what they are expected to do. The data were collected from 455 employees and managers of the governmental organisations located in the eastern provinces of Iran. According to the results, managers’ narcissism negatively affected employees’ job embeddedness and job engagement. Besides, leaders’ narcissism had a negative impact on employees’ innovative behaviour. Other research findings indicated the mediating roles of job embeddedness and job engagement. The interaction of leaders’ narcissism and leaders’ humility is associated with job engagement and job embeddedness. The proposed model provided new insights into the analysis of contradictions in leaders’ characteristics. In other words, their characteristics influence employee attitudes, including job embeddedness and job engagement, and employee behaviour and performance.
Exploring positive and negative teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion of children with disabilities in schools in Trinidad: implications for teacher education

ABSTRACT This paper explores positive and negative attitudes towards the inclusion of children with disabilities in schools among primary and secondary school teachers in Trinidad via qualitative methods. Data is collected from 15 primary and secondary school teachers using semi-structured interviews and constant comparison analysis is employed to identify the themes. Among the teachers in the positive attitude category, two themes emerged, namely humanistic beliefs and recognition of benefits indicating the existence of a philosophy of inclusiveness. For teachers in the negative attitude category, two distinct themes emerged corresponding to limitations for children with and without disabilities and the lack of support for inclusion. The findings indicate the need for professional development for in-service teachers and the urgency for a compulsory pre-service programme for new teachers in Trinidad.
How outdoor science education can help girls stay engaged with science

ABSTRACT Although gender gaps associated with K-12 science achievement have narrowed significantly, gaps in science engagement and efficacy in childhood likely explain why women remain underrepresented in science careers. Early intervention programs may address root causes of gender gaps in science careers. Outdoor science education (OSE) is one understudied but promising strategy, that provides ample opportunity for reform-based instructional practices that may benefit girls, including girls of colour. Using a pre–post, treatment-control quasi-experimental design, we evaluated how an OSE program differentially impacted the science grades, science knowledge, and science self-efficacy of fifth grade girls versus boys (n = 640). We found the OSE treatment increased knowledge and maintained science grades for girls while grades fell for girls in the control group. We also found that science self-efficacy decreased for both boys and girls in the treatment group. We did not detect direct or interaction effects of race on science outcomes. Research suggests OSE may help students associate science learning with challenge, which may help explain the decrease in self-efficacy coupled with the increase in achievement for girls. We suggest future research continue to investigate how OSE can benefit all students, including those who may become disengaged with learning in traditional classroom settings.
Tests of search image and learning in the wild: Insights from sexual conflict in damselflies

Abstract Search image formation, a proximal mechanism to maintain genetic polymorphisms by negative frequency‐dependent selection, has rarely been tested under natural conditions. Females of many nonterritorial damselflies resemble either conspecific males or background vegetation. Mate‐searching males are assumed to form search images of the majority female type, sexually harassing it at rates higher than expected from its frequency, thus selectively favoring the less common morph. We tested this and how morph coloration and behavior influenced male perception and intersexual encounters by following marked Ischnura elegans and noting their reactions to conspecifics. Contrary to search image formation and associative learning hypotheses, although males encountered the minority, male‐like morph more often, sexual harassment and clutch size were similar for both morphs. Prior mating attempts or copula with morphs did not affect a male's subsequent reaction to them; males rarely attempted matings with immature females or males. Females mated early in the day, reducing the opportunity for males to learn their identity beforehand. Once encountered, the male‐like morph was more readily noticed by males than the alternative morph, which once noticed was more likely to receive mating attempts. Flexible behavior gave morphs considerable control over their apparency to males, influencing intersexual encounters. Results suggested a more subtle proximal mechanism than male learning maintains these color polymorphisms and call for inferences of learning to be validated by behavior of wild receivers and their signalers.