Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speed of Adjustment of Capital Structure (Empirical Study on the Aviation Industry in Indonesia and Malaysia)

The purpose of this study is to prove how much SOA capital structure, what factors affect the optimal leverage and what factors affect the SOA capital structure in the airline industry in Indonesia and Malaysia. Hypothesis testing in this study was conducted using panel data regression. The sample used is 10 aviation industry companies in Indonesia and Malaysia with 100 observations from 2010-2019. The regression model is determined based on the results of the Chow and Hausman tests. Empirical findings from 100 observations of panel data variables of company size, short-term debt and non-debt tax shield have a positive and significant effect on optimal leverage. Profitability, asset growth, and business risk variables have a negative and significant effect on optimal leverage. Partial adjustment model (PAM) to measure the speed of firm adjustment to optimal leverage. From the partial adjustment model estimation results, the significant leverage lag indicates that airline industry companies in Indonesia and Malaysia adjust their capital structure towards optimal leverage with SOA of 46.20% per year. Generalized methods of moments (GMM) to estimate the speed of capital structure adjustment. The results show that macroeconomic variables, namely GPD growth, have a negative and significant influence on the speed of capital structure adjustment. In conclusion, it is evident that the funding behavior in the airline industry in Indonesia and Malaysia tends to follow the dynamic trade off theory.
6. CLAY MINERALOGY OF MUDSTONES FROM THE NANKAI TROUGH REFERENCE SITES 1173 AND 1177 AND FRONTAL ACCRETIONARY PRISM SITE 1174

X-ray diffraction analyses of the clay-sized fraction of sediments from the Nankai Trough and Shikoku Basin (Sites 1173, 1174, and 1177 of the Ocean Drilling Program) reveal spatial and temporal trends in clay minerals and diagenesis. More detrital smectite was transported into the Shikoku Basin during the early–middle Miocene than what we observe today, and smectite input decreased progressively through the late Miocene and Pliocene. Volcanic ash has been altered to dioctahedral smectite in the upper Shikoku Basin facies at Site 1173; the ash alteration front shifts upsection to the outer trench-wedge facies at Site 1174. At greater depths (lower Shikoku Basin facies), smectite alters to illite/smectite mixed-layer clay, but reaction progress is incomplete. Using ambient geothermal conditions, a kinetic model overpredicts the amount of illite in illite/smectite clays by 15%–20% at Site 1174. Numerical simulations come closer to observations if the concentration of potassium in pore water is reduced or the time of burial is shortened. Model results match X-ray diffraction results fairly well at Site 1173. The geothermal gradient at Site 1177 is substantially lower than at Sites 1173 and 1174; consequently, volcanic ash alters to smectite in lower Shikoku Basin deposits but smectite–illite diagenesis has not started. The absolute abundance of smectite in mudstones from Site 1177 is sufficient (30–60 wt%) to influence the strata’s shear strength and hydrogeology as they subduct along the Ashizuri Transect. 1Steurer, J.F. , and Underwood, M.B. , 2003. Clay mineralogy of mudstones from the Nankai Trough reference Sites 1173 and 1177 and frontal accretionary prism Site 1174. In Mikada, H. , Moore, G.F. , Taira, A. , Becker, K. , Moore, J.C. , and Klaus, A. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 190/196, 1–37 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: . [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] 2Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, 101 Geology Building, Columbia MO 65211, USA. Correspondence author: underwoodm@missouri.edu Initial receipt: 18 November 2002 Acceptance: 5 August 2003 Web publication: 26 November 2003 Ms 190SR-211 J.F. STEURER AND M.B. UNDERWOOD MUDSTONE CLAY MINERALOGY 2
Piriformis syndrome as an overlooked cause of pain in a patient with axial spondyloarthritis: a case report

Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by hip, buttock, and leg pain. Axial spondyloarthritis is a rheumatic disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joint and the spine. Due to their anatomical proximity, the potential relationship between piriformis syndrome and sacroiliitis has been discussed for some time. However, literature review revealed that there is no study on piriformis syndrome in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis. Here, we present the case of a 30-year-old female with axial spondyloarthritis who developed severe low back, hip, and buttock pain that persisted despite initial treatment for axial spondyloarthritis. We first re-evaluated her condition through physical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and an injection test for piriformis syndrome. Following a comprehensive assessment, the patient was diagnosed with both axial spondyloarthritis and piriformis syndrome. Subsequently, a tailored treatment plan was devised, addressing both conditions, and after a 3-month course of treatment, we obtained significant reduction in pain of the patient. This is the first case report in literature, where we used injection test to confirm the diagnosis of the piriformis syndrome in a patient with axial spondyloarthritis. We therefore strongly advocate considering piriformis syndrome as a potential etiology for pain in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis consistently. This recognition is important as piriformis syndrome does not respond adequately to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and may lead to unnecessary use of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Timely identification and intervention are imperative in ensuring optimal patient care.
Examining the adoption of Apple Pay among generation Z in Vietnam

This study examines the level of knowledge, use, and determinants determining the adoption of Apple Pay among Generation Z customers in Vietnam. An online survey with 339 participants aged 18-26 was done using quantitative methods. The participants were recruited using social media platforms. The study model included elements from technological acceptance theories, such as effort expectation, perceived risk, perceived value, and convenience. The measurements were ensured to be reliable and genuine. The hypotheses were tested by analyzing the data using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The study’s results suggest that the data collected through PLS-SEM analysis provide evidence in support of the hypotheses proposing that factors such as Mobile User Skillfulness, Personal Innovation, Perceived Usefulness, Effort Expectation, Convenience, and Perceived Value have a positive influence on individuals’ Intentions to Use Apple Pay in Vietnam. Furthermore, the study revealed that the variables of Perceived Risk and Social Image did not have a statistically significant influence. The findings suggest that the pragmatic orientation of Generation Z towards the functionality and ease of use of Apple Pay has a significant impact on their adoption of this payment system in Vietnam. The study offers banks in Vietnam significant insights regarding the promotion of mobile wallet adoption among the younger demographic. Adoption may be increased by presenting Apple Pay as a practical and convenient application. AcknowledgmentThe author would like to thank everyone who filled out the survey. Without the help of everyone involved and the Ho Chi Minh University of Banking (Vietnam), this study would not have been possible. &nbsp;
Künstliche Veränderung der meteorologischen Verhältnisse im Rebbestand und ihre Auswirkungen auf das Größenwachstum der Traubenbeeren

Mit Hilfe kunstlicher Schattierung und kunstlichen Windschutzes wahrend der Zeit zwischen Rebblute und Traubenernte wurden in einem 2jahrigen Freilandversuch veranderte Bestandsklimate erzeugt. Der Einflus dieser Masnahmen auf die meteorologischen Verhaltnisse irri Rebbestand wurde gemessen und die Auswirkung auf das Wachstum der Traubenbeeren untersucht. Der Windschutz erwies sich trotz erheblicher Verringerung der Windgeschwindigkeit als wenig wirkungsvoll: Die Temperaturverhaltnisse im Bestand wurden nicht mesbar verandert und Auswirkungen auf das Beerenwachstum konnten nicht nachgewiesen werden. Dagegen waren Globalstrahlung und Helligkeit unter der Schattierung so stark reduziert, das das Wachstum der Beeren in erheblichem Mase beeintrachtigt wurde. Die an einem sommerlichen Strahlungstag gemessene Globalstrahlung von 410 ca! · cm -2 war auf 160 cal · cm -2 abgesenkt, und wahrend der etwa 100tagigen Versuchsdauer empfing der schattierte Bestand nur etwa 13 kc al · cm -2 gegenuber 29 kcal · cm -2 der Kontrolle. Infolge der abgeschirmten Sonnenstrahlung war insbesondere die Pflanzentemperatur, weniger dagegen die Lufttemperatur im Bestand erniedrigt. Das Einzelbeerengewicht blieb in beiden Versuchsjahren weit hinter den „normalen" Werten zuruck, so das eine Ertragseinbuse infolge Kleinbeerigkeit von rund 1 Drittel entstand. Experimental modification of the meteorological conditions within a grape canopy and their effects on berry growth In a 2-year field experiment microclimatic changes were induced by artificial shading and windbreak during the period between bloom and vintage. The effects of these treatments on the meteorological conditions in the vineyard and on the growth of the berries were investigated. In spite of considerable diminution in the wind speed, the windbreak proved little effective: the temperature regime within the canopy was not measurably changed and effects on the berry growth could not be ascertainecl. On the contrary, solar radiation (0.3-2.5 µm) and light intensity were reduced by shacling to such an extent that the growth of the berries was considerably impaired. The solar radiation, measured on a clear summer day, was decreased from 410 cal · cm -2 to 160 cal · cm -2 , and for the 100-clay period the shadecl vines received just approximately 13 kcal · cm -2 against 29 kcal · cm -2 of the control. In consequence of the reduced insolation, the plant temperature, in particular, climinished, whereas the air-temperature within the canopy was just slightly lowered. The berry weight dropped off from the "normal" values so that a loss of yield, amounting to about 11a, was caused by small berries.
Protecting democracy from disinformation: Implications for a model of communication

This article analyses the consequences that disinformation phenomena have for a model of communication, focusing on the dangers that disinformation poses to democratic societies, especially when it is disseminated by the media. Disinformation is examined here from the perspective of social cognitive psychology, with special attention to the role played by motivated reasoning and confirmation bias in human cognition. From this perspective, disinformation phenomena should be studied not only through an analysis of how the media operate, but also through an understanding of how we process information and what we use it for from a social cognitive point of view. This article emphasizes the role that intuition and affective persuasion play in communication processes, as key elements of motivated reasoning, and argues that once this cognitive dimension is integrated into communication theory, preventive strategies can be designed to protect democracies from the dangers caused by disinformation. Ideological polarization and a lack of consensus are highlighted here as being among the biggest dangers, preventing agreement on issues that affect the proper functioning of democracy. While a certain conception of communication posits reasoning, the media and education as the tools for resolving conflicts and preventing disagreements, this article concludes that the success of disinformation phenomena points to the need for a model that includes the cognitive elements mentioned above.
Clinical Outcomes of Arthroscopic Surgery in Patients with Gluteal Muscle Contracture: Single-Institution Results from a High-Volume Cohort

Background The aim of this study was to assess clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgery for gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) with at least 2 years of follow-up in a large sample. Material/Methods A total of 665 patients who underwent arthroscopic release procedure at our institution between March 2014 and December 2018 and met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. All the patients were operated on by the same surgeon and the surgeon released the contracture band from anterior to posterior starting from the anterior edge of the ITB, the contracture band of the gluteus maximus, and vastus medialis tensor. After exclusion, 544 patients (218 males and 326 females) were finally included. Clinical outcomes at 2 years of postoperative follow-up were evaluated by a combination of several methods, including a new criterion we proposed for postoperative assessment, which included the cross-leg test, difficulty in squatting with legs together, and abnormal gait, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), and the satisfaction of patients. Results The average follow-up time was 48.2±14.9 months. Based on the new criteria, 513 (94.3%) patients were evaluated as good, 25 (4.6%) as fair, and 6 (1.1%) as poor. The mHHS increased from 72.1±6.0 (range, 56.0–81.3) to 97.3±2.2 (range, 92.3–100.0) (P<0.001). The VAS decreased from 3.3±1.1 (range, 0–5) to 0.062±0.13 (range, 0–1) (P<0.001). For subjective satisfaction, 526 (96.7%) patients were satisfied, 14 (2.6%) patients were neutral, and 4 (0.7%) patients were dissatisfied. Conclusions In a large sample, favorable and durable clinical outcomes were observed after the arthroscopic procedure. Clinical symptoms and mHHS showed significant improvement with a minimum 2-year follow-up.
Development and application of foraminiferal carbonate system proxies to quantify ocean acidification in the California Current

v LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . x CHAPTER 1: CALCIFICATION OF THE PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA GLOBIGERINA BULLOIDES AND CARBONATE ION CONCENTRATION: RESULTS FROM THE SANTA BARBARA BASIN . 1 1.1 ABSTRACT . 2 1.2 INTRODUCTION . 3 1.3 REGIONAL SETTING: THE SANTA BARBARA BASIN . 9 1.4 MATERIALS AND METHODS . 10 1.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . 16 1.6 CONCLUSIONS . 35 CHAPTER 2: NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IN THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT AND CONSEQUENCES FOR MARINE CALCIFIERS . 51 2.1 ABSTRACT . 52 2.2 INTRODUCTION . 52 2.3 METHODS . 57 2.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . 61
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION FIRMS AT PROJECT LEVEL IN LAGOS STATE

A PROJECT THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS DEGREE IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA
Enhancing Kitchen Activity Recognition: A Benchmark Study of the Rostock KTA Dataset

With the global population aging, the demand for technologies facilitating independent living, especially for those with cognitive impairments, is increasing. This paper addresses this need by conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset, a pivotal resource in kitchen task activity recognition. Our study begins with an in-depth introduction, emphasizing the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders and the crucial role of assistive technologies. Our contributions encompass a systematic literature review, design and implementation of a working prototype of our envisioned system, refinement of the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset, creation of a semantically annotated dataset, extraction of statistical features, comparative analysis, and rigorous model performance assessment. The core of our work is the thorough evaluation and benchmarking of different activity recognition approaches using the aforementioned Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset. Our experimental results demonstrate that despite encountering an imbalance problem in the dataset, the fusion of the Hidden Markov Model and Random Forest leads to superior results, achieving a weighted-averaged $F_{1}$ -score of 74.10% for all available activities and 81.40% for the most common actions in the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset. Moreover, through systematic analysis, we identify strengths and suggest potential refinements, thereby advancing the field of kitchen activity recognition. This offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in assistive and remote care technologies.
5 GHz Shear-Horizontal Wave Micro-Mass Sensing

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) micro-mass sensors have garnered significant attention due to their versatile applications in medical measurements, industrial production quality control, and environmental pollution monitoring. Traditional devices of this kind often grapple with the predicament of operating at low frequencies, typically below 2 GHz, and relying on the Rayleigh sensing mode. This can undermine their capability for highly sensitive detection. Herein, we present the manufacture and application of a high-frequency SAW micro-mass sensor based on a LiTaO3/SiO2/Si heterostructure, demonstrating superior frequency capability in the range of 1–10 GHz, achieved through electron beam lithography (EBL). Different acoustic modes and their micro-mass sensitivity were thoroughly analyzed using finite element analysis, revealing that the shear-horizontal (SH) wave exhibited superior performance and the highest mass sensitivity among the analyzed modes, which was also confirmed by the experiments. To evaluate the exceptional sensing ability, the SH wave (up to ~5 GHz) was successfully implemented in an SAW micro-mass sensor for Al film and SiO2 film micro-mass detection, exhibiting an ultramass sensitivity of 14 370 and 13181.8 MHz $\cdot $ mm2/ $\mu \text{g}$ , respectively. In a smoke concentration detection application, the high-frequency SAW devices (4.83 GHz) exhibited a sensitivity approximately 129 times higher than that of low-frequency SAW devices (195.5 MHz) in the same testing environment, verifying the advantages of high sensitivity. This study introduces a viable strategy for constructing high-sensitivity SAW micro-mass sensors.
CEO foreign experience and firm performance: does CEO tenure matter?

The study examines the impact of CEO foreign experience on firm performance and the effect of CEO tenure on this relation in the Vietnamese market. Using a unique, hand-collected dataset of non-financial firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh stock exchange (HOSE) over the period from 2013 to 2021, we find that firms led by CEOs with overseas experience tend to have higher performance as compared to their counterparts. In addition, CEO tenure strengthens the positive relationship between managerial foreign experience and firm performance. The findings indicate the importance of foreign experienced CEOs in fostering firm performance, especially in emerging markets like Vietnam.
Firing Up Regional Brain Networks: The Promise of Brain Circulation in the ASEAN Economic Community

The reports in this series draw on the insights of 387 regional and international experts and practitioners through their participation in focus group discussions, meetings, and surveys. Contributors include ASEAN Member State officials directly responsible for Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA) implementation, as well as private-sector employers, academics, training directors, MRA monitoring committee members, and current and former ASEAN Secretariat officials.
High-accuracy prediction of colorectal cancer chemotherapy efficacy using machine learning applied to gene expression data

Introduction: FOLFOX and FOLFIRI chemotherapy are considered standard first-line treatment options for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the criteria for selecting the appropriate treatments have not been thoroughly analyzed. Methods: A newly developed machine learning model was applied on several gene expression data from the public repository GEO database to identify molecular signatures predictive of efficacy of 5-FU based combination chemotherapy (FOLFOX and FOLFIRI) in patients with CRC. The model was trained using 5-fold cross validation and multiple feature selection methods including LASSO and VarSelRF methods. Random Forest and support vector machine classifiers were applied to evaluate the performance of the models. Results and Discussion: For the CRC GEO dataset samples from patients who received either FOLFOX or FOLFIRI, validation and test sets were >90% correctly classified (accuracy), with specificity and sensitivity ranging between 85%-95%. In the datasets used from the GEO database, 28.6% of patients who failed the treatment therapy they received are predicted to benefit from the alternative treatment. Analysis of the gene signature suggests the mechanistic difference between colorectal cancers that respond and those that do not respond to FOLFOX and FOLFIRI. Application of this machine learning approach could lead to improvements in treatment outcomes for patients with CRC and other cancers after additional appropriate clinical validation.
Fabrication of graphene from graphite using high-powered ultrasonic vibrators

This paper utilizes an efficient and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing graphene from graphite, namely liquid-phase exfoliation. High-power density ultrasonic vibrators were used to separate graphite layers into graphene in a liquid medium. During layer separation, ultrasonic waves provided mechanical energy to break the Van der Walls bonds and separate graphite layers into graphene. In our study, graphene was synthesized by ultrasonicating graphite in Tween 80 for 1 to 5 hours, followed by magnetic stirring and surfactant removal. The FESEM and Raman measurements demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound waves were effective at breaking the Van der Waals bonding force between adjacent graphite layers. Average flake sizes (lateral) were reduced with increasing ultrasonication time, reaching a minimum value of 317 nm with 5 hours of ultrasonic treatment. These results show that liquid-phase exfoliation is a cost-effective method to obtain low-defect few-layer graphene.