Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Nutrient and Pathogen Losses From Various Poultry Litter Storage Methods

Considerable concern has developed over the possible pollution from poultry litter storage methods. This study was conducted to evaluate three different storage scenarios; covered stockpiles, uncovered stockpiles, and litter sheds. The stockpiles were monitored over two rainfall simulation events, in both the Ridge and Valley and the Piedmont physiographic provinces, with both surface and subsurface flows analyzed. An observational study, where subsurface water was sampled for a nine-month period was conducted using six litter sheds, three in each of the above provinces. Samples were analyzed for nutrients, fecal coliforms, and solids. Concentrations of NHx, TKN, OP, TP, VSS, and FC in surface runoff from uncovered litter piles were all statistically higher (α=0.05) than that from covered piles, with NO3 being the exception. However, increased runoff volumes originating from the covered litter piles caused mass loadings from both covered and uncovered piles to be similar enough that statistical significance was not obtained, except in the case of FC. Soil water samples from litter stockpiles did not show a statistically significant treatment effect for concentration data, but uncovered piles did exhibit higher nitrogen concentration estimates than the covered piles. Sample collection frequency showed a statistically significant increase in the number of samples that could be obtained from the edge lysimeter under uncovered litter piles from the Piedmont experimental site. This result indicates uncovered piles are releasing the precipitation absorbed during the rainfall simulation into the sub-surface environment. In the storage shed study, a greater number of samples were collected per attempt at the Piedmont sheds compared to those at the Ridge and Valley site. While both areas were undergoing a significant drought, Piedmont porous-cup lysimeters yielded samples 63% of the time, compared to 10% for Ridge and Valley lysimeters. Lysimeters located near the edge of the shed were also more likely to yield a sample than those in the center or a background location. Unknown interferences within the litter shed samples prevented three laboratories from obtaining valid nutrient concentrations.
Modèle stratigraphique et processus sédimentaires au Quaternaire sur deux pentes carbonatées des Bahamas (leeward et windward)

Cette etude presente une reconstruction du fonctionnement sedimentaire au Quaternaire de deux pentes carbonatees des Bahamas (leeward et windward). Elle est basee sur les analyses stratigraphique et sedimentaire de 34 carottes principalement collectees lors de la mission CARAMBAR (2010). Une etude stratigraphique a haute resolution a ete developpee a partir de plusieurs outils stratigraphiques, dont l’ecostratigraphie basee sur les assemblages de foraminiferes planctoniques qui a permis de dater l’ensemble des sequences sedimentaires en s’affranchissant des problemes lies a la diagenese precoce. L’analyse sedimentaire des carottages a permis de proposer une nouvelle classification des sediments carbonates meubles qui caracterise les fractions dominantes du sediment au moment du depot. Elle permet notamment de discriminer les depots fins et d’identifier les processus de transport off-bank, les depots contouritiques, gravitaires ou legerement diagenetises. Les processus de transport off-bank permettent l’accumulation de boue carbonatee de plate-forme (aiguilles d’aragonite et silts) au niveau des pentes des Bahamas lorsque la plate-forme est ennoyee. Les derniers 4ka cal BP, le MIS 5e et le debut du MIS 11 sont les principales periodes d’accumulation sedimentaire au cours des derniers cycles climatiques. L’erosion intra-pente, l’action des courants de fond et les processus de diagenese precoce ont egalement ete mis en evidence. La pente leeward se caracterise par une sedimentation tres importante (wackestone) alors que la pente windward a conserves a morphologie pliocene avec localement des accumulations sedimentaires quaternaires de faible epaisseur (wackestone a packstone).
An Investigation of the Speech Skills of Children Living in Rural and Urban Areas

Communication is vital for children’s development, especially in differentiating rural and urban speech skills. The aim of this study is to investigate the speech skills of children living in rural and urban areas. The speech skills of 72 students attending the 8th grade in rural and urban areas of Iskenderun in the 2020-2021 academic year were examined. In the study designed with the screening model, the data were collected with a structured observation form. The video recordings of the speeches made by the students on the topic of “human and nature” according to their levels were taken and evaluated according to the “Speech Evaluation Form”. The results of the present research revealed that the highest average scores of the students belonged to the sub-dimensions of applying the external structural elements of the language, applying the internal structural elements of the language and the psychological state of the speaker. In addition, it was determined that the students’ speech skills were at a moderate level, whereas their ability to briefly introduce the parts of the speech, to start the topic with interesting expressions, to use appropriate tools such as pictures, graphs and photographs that can make the speech interesting, to use proverbs, idioms and aphorisms suitable for the topic, to benefit from literary devices suitable for the topic and to summarize the speech were very low. Urban students demonstrated comparatively stronger speech skills, highlighting the value of targeted improvements in communication education.
Educational Aspirations of Diverse Groups among Undergraduate Statistics Majors

Understanding the educational aspirations of diverse groups among statistics majors provides insight into the discipline of statistics. This study utilizes multi-institution data from the 2019 and 2020 administrations of the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) to explore educational aspirations for statistics majors through comparisons to other major types as well as among gender identity and race/ethnicity in a sample of 225,892 seniors, including 521 majoring in statistics. Preliminary results from a series of chi-squared analyses suggest that while other STEM majors are more likely to aspire for doctoral or professional degrees, statistics majors are more likely to aspire for a master’s degree. However, among the statistics majors there were no significant differences in educational aspiration by gender identity and race/ethnicity.
Phytochemical analysis, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two varieties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. leaves

The leaves of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) are usually used in food and traditional medicine. It also has been recognized as a source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidants are known as molecules that prevent the oxidation process caused by free radical compounds that can harm the human body. Thus, this study aims to characterize the chemical constituents found in ethanolic extracts of red roselle (RR) and white roselle (WR) leaves and determine their antioxidant activity. The phytochemical screening indicated that RR leaf extract contained phenols, tannins, saponins and steroids, while WR leaf extracts consisted of phenols, tannins and reducing sugars. The total phenolic content in RR and WR leaf extracts was 42.07 ± 0.48 mg GAE/g dry weight of leaf and 38.59 ± 1.75 mg GAE/g dry weight of leaf, respectively, while the DPPH radical scavenging activity was 85.65 ± 0.33 % and 83.49 ± 0.13 % at a concentration of 1 mg/ml for RR and WR extracts. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity showed that RR leaf extract was significantly higher than WR leaf extract. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) separation revealed a few prominent spots in both crude extracts, which were polar in nature. The TLC results can be used as preliminary data to further investigate the compounds. Characterization of the isolated crude compounds in the extracts was done using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The infrared spectrum exhibited the presence of hydroxyl group, carboxylic acids, alkanes, the presence of esters (-C=O) and the involvement of aromatic structure of the compound. The study demonstrated the ethanolic extract of two varieties of roselle leaf contains phytochemical constituents that could contribute to the antioxidant activity. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of herbal teas or food supplements to maintain good health. The data from this study will also provide valuable information for future research on the fractionation and purification of potential antioxidant compounds found in the extract.
The Influence of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Brand Engagement (Adidas Study on Tiktok Application in Bandung City)

In the rapidly developing digital era, social media, especially TikTok, has become an important platform for brand marketing. Adidas, as a leading global brand, uses TikTok to increase interaction with consumers, especially in the city of Bandung. However, it still needs to be understood to what extent Social Media Marketing on TikTok influences consumer engagement with the Adidas brand. This research aims to explore this, providing important insights for marketing strategies in this digital era. This research explores the impact of Social Media Marketing on consumer engagement with brands, especially on the TikTok application, with a focus on the Adidas account in Bandung City. This research used 417 samples collected through an online questionnaire with a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of being 17 - 25 years old, active social media users who follow the Adidas account on TikTok. The results of the analysis show that the Consumer–brand engagement variable has a significant effect on the Brand Awareness variable, the Consumer Brand Engagement variable has a significant effect on the Brand Image variable, the Customization variable has a significant effect on the Consumer Brand Engagement variable, the E-Wom variable has a significant effect on the Consumer Brand Engagement variable, the Entertainment variable has a significant effect on the Consumer variable, the Brand Engagement variable, the Interaction variable has a significant effect on the Consumer Brand Engagement variable, the Trendiness variable has no significant effect on Consumer Brand Engagement. This research provides important insights for companies like Adidas in designing more effective social media marketing strategies.
Methodology for the Mechanical Characterization of Rectangular Winding Wire in the Context of Electric Mobility

The increasing market share of electrified powertrains results in a high demand for efficient and powerful electric traction motors. Against this background, bar winding technologies have become established in automotive production systems for manufacturing of distributed stator windings due to its high level of automation and the resulting productivity, in particular the so-called hairpin-technology. However, despite iterative optimizations, the robustness of the industrial process chains is still limited due to fluctuating mechanical and geometric properties. For example, the enameled rectangular copper wire leads to different springback effects in hairpin bending and twisting. To increase the process reliability, both the mechanical forming properties of the copper conductor and the insulation coating of the rectangular winding wire need to be specified and analyzed in a universal but application-oriented manner. In this paper, a methodology for characterizing the mechanical forming properties of insulated rectangular copper wire is presented. This methodology goes beyond the basic requirements of IEC 60317 and the testing methods of IEC 60851. Based on the proposed methodology, Young’s modulus, yield strength and flow curve as well as the adhesion of the insulation coating can be analyzed for both statistical delivery control and numerical process simulations.
New-Generation Glucokinase Activators: Potential Game-Changers in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

Achieving glycemic control and sustaining functional pancreatic β-cell activity remains an unmet medical need in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucokinase activators (GKAs) constitute a class of anti-diabetic drugs designed to regulate blood sugar levels and enhance β-cell function in patients with diabetes. A significant progression in GKA development is underway to address the limitations of earlier generations. Dorzagliatin, a dual-acting GKA, targets both the liver and pancreas and has successfully completed two phase III trials, demonstrating favorable results in diabetes treatment. The hepato-selective GKA, TTP399, emerges as a strong contender, displaying clinically noteworthy outcomes with minimal adverse effects. This paper seeks to review the current literature, delve into the mechanisms of action of these new-generation GKAs, and assess their efficacy and safety in treating T2DM based on published preclinical studies and recent clinical trials.
Smart Packaging for Chicken Meat Quality: Absorbent Food Pad and Whatman Paper Applications

Quality and shelf-life extension are major concerns in the development of meat packaging systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of absorbent food pads combined with intelligent packaging as well as to determine the correlation between active packaging and smart indicator labels. The active packaging applied absorbent food pads as carriers of active ingredients from basil and lemongrass, which are expected to extend the shelf life of chicken meat and maintain its quality. Meanwhile, intelligent packaging employs Whatman paper treated with Phenol Red (PR), providing real-time information on the quality of chicken meat. Various chicken meat spoilage test parameters such as thiobarbituric acid (TBA), total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN), total bacteria of total plate Count (TPC), and pH were tested at chiller temperature (4oC) every 3 × 24 hours. The results of this study indicated that an absorbent food pad with lemongrass essential oil can extend the shelf life of chicken meat by 3 days while, the intelligent indication label’s color profile changed from yellow at the beginning of application to red during chicken spoilage. Therefore, smart packaging from a combination of an absorbent food pad as active packaging and phenol red indicator label as intelligent packaging can potentially extend the shelf life of chicken and monitor the condition of chicken meat during storage.
Prevalence and risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with congenital heart diseases undergoing cardiac surgery at a tertiary care center.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) in patients with CHDs undergoing cardiac surgery at a tertiary care center of Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Paediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU) at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: July 2022 to June 2023. Material & Methods: We analyzed patients who underwent open or closed heart surgery for CHDs. PMV was defined as duration of mechanical ventilation > 72 hours from the time of arrival to PCICU until extubation after cardiac surgery. Peri-operative factors were noted and their association with PMV was documented. Results: In a total of 184 patients who underwent surgeries for CHD, 105 (57.1%) were male while the overall mean age was 7.23±6.49 years. Post-surgery, PMV was documented in 17 (9.2%) patients. PMV was significantly associated with age (p=0.001), weight (p<0.001), cyanosis (p=0.005), TAPSE (p=0.011), and CPB time (p=0.003). Post-surgery, PMV was linked with metabolic acidosis (p=0.003), lactate (p=0.001), AVDO2 (p<0.001), inotropic score (p=0.002), low cardiac output (p=0.005), LV dysfunction (p<0.001), acute kidney injury (p=0.002), sepsis (p<0.001), pneumonia (p=0.004), mortality (p=0.045), and PCICU stay (p<0.001). Conclusion: PMV was documented in 9.2% patients who underwent CHD repair. Age, weight, cyanosis, TAPSE, CPB time, metabolic acidosis, lactate, AVDO2, inotropic score, low cardiac output, LV dysfunction, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and pneumonia were noted to be significant risk factors for PMV.
Assessing psychological well-being among medical officers during COVID-19 pandemic: An approach toward sustainable development

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant loss of human life and affected healthcare infrastructure globally. The present study aimed to study the presence of anxiety and stress symptoms among medical officers in the Indian army and the impact of anxiety and stress on psychological well-being during COVID. The data was collected from February 2021 to April 2021 using a standardized questionnaire to measure anxiety, stress, and psychological well-being. Data collected from 319 respondents were analyzed using SPSS by Chi-square tool, bivariate correlation, H-test, and U-test. The presence of anxiety and stressed symptoms were 11.9% and 37.3% among medical officers in the Indian army. Medical officers of the AMC unit (doctors) were more impacted by anxiety compared with MNS and ADC medical officers. The risk factors having significant association with stress symptoms were age (maximum in 31-40 and 51-60 years), rank (initial service ranks and senior ranks both), and unit (AMC and MNS are more prone to stress symptoms as compared to ADC unit). Anxiety (-0.543) at p<0.01 has more negative impact on psychological well-being among medical officers of armed forces as compared to stress at work (-0.243) at P<0.01. In this present study, results showed the high presence of anxiety and stress symptoms among medical officers during COVID-19. Results also demonstrated that there is a difference in anxiety level at different times of COVID. Differences in psychological well-being also exist and are impacted due to the presence of stress and anxiety. By prioritizing well-being, focus will be shifted to sustainable development of medical officers.
Visual Techniques for Clustering Tendency Assessment of Networks

Graph datasets are gaining popularity in various applications. Analyzing graph data using data clustering could help reveal underlying patterns and understand them better. However, most popular graph clustering algorithms require an estimate of the number of clusters or some other metadata to obtain information about the community structure, a difficult ask for novel datasets. This paper introduces two novel approaches for community clustering of generic graph networks using the VAT family of algorithms, even without prior knowledge about the community structure. Two proposed approaches: Spec-GVAT and Jacc-GVAT, reconstructs the community structure in graphs effectively with a satisfactory run time and high level of accuracy. Spec-GVAT is spectral graph theory based, while Jacc-GVAT incorporates a pairwise dissimilarity score based on Jaccard similarity between two sets. Numerical experiments performed on five benchmark datasets: Zachary karate club network, Girvan-Newman graph, planted l-partition graph, American college football network, and Bottlenose dolphins network, validate the supremacy of proposed approaches compared to conventional methods.
Comparison of quality of life between pre- and post-operative standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy using Short Form-36

Background: Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) is a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from asymptomatic cholelithiasis, biliary colic, empyema gallbladder, and gangrene to perforation and peritonitis. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life before and after a standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Materials and Methods: In the study cohort of 100 patients using SF-36 in patients of pre-operative and post-operative standard LC are compared in eight domains of health quality index in Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi between January 2021 and June 2022. Results: There is finding of significant change in seven domains in mean±1 month, (1) Physical functioning – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 33.00±31.812 and 88.68±22.40, respectively, (2) Role limitations due to physical health – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 3.5±18.401 and 98.75±10.546, respectively, (3) Role limitations due to emotional problems – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 4.67±21.128 and 98.67±11.489, respectively, (4) Energy/fatigue- pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 34.94±16.638 and 83.11±12.456, respectively, (5) Social pre-operative functioning – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 39.38±20.428 and 98.88±5.196 respectively, (6) Pain – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 34.73±18.340 and 97.30±15.489, respectively, (7) General health – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 35.85±35.897 and 67.00±35.511, respectively, and minimal change in one domain (8) Emotional well-being – pre-operative and post-operative, that is, 34.16±15.491 and 39.08±18.694. Conclusion: The pre-operative and post-operative parameters of the SF-36 questionnaire show a significant change in their mean±standard deviation at 1-month postoperatively following standard LC. The maximum significant change occurred in parameters of physical functioning, role emotion, role physical, energy, social functioning, pain, and general health.
Photolithography Hotspot Detection Based on Deep Learning LHD Model

Raising pattern density on the integrated circuit layout enables reduction of the chip size and cost, while fabrication becomes more difficult. Both number and type of hotspot are increasing during the scaling down. Hotspot detection usually relies on photolithography simulation, that consumes large number of massive computational resource and often takes a long time. To address these limitations, we propose a lightweight hotspot detection model, the Lithography Hotspot Detection (LHD) model, based on deep learning technology. In order to enhance the training of the model, we employed Mentor Calibre's SONR tool to sample the hotspot and non-hotspot graphics and prepare the input dataset. Experimental results show that the hotspot detection accuracy of the LHD model reaches 95.25%, which is 5.07% higher than that of the traditional classification model Convnext.
Nitrogen Isotope Analysis in the Arctic: Identifying Fish Processing and Marine Resource Use through Ethnoarchaeological Soil Analysis on Nelson Island, Alaska

Despite the importance of marine resources and seasonal fish processing in the past, their ephemeral natures hamper archaeological study. However, nitrogen isotope analysis of soils provides a new, minimally invasive method to identify marine resource procurement and processing in the archaeological record, and has potential for use in the Arctic and beyond. To aid researchers utilizing nitrogen isotope analysis in the Arctic, we first present a comprehensive overview of published nitrogen isotope data in the Arctic. We then present nitrogen isotope data (δ15N) from ethnoarchaeological soils from known fish processing areas and a historic semisubterranean structure in Tununak, Nelson Island, Alaska. In addition to presenting isotopic floral and faunal baseline data, we demonstrate that, compared to offsite samples [mean δN(AIR) = 2.2‰ ± 0.4‰ (1σ, n = 35)], soils from fish processing areas were significantly more enriched in 15N [mean δN(AIR) = 13.4‰ ± 0.4‰ (1σ, n = 49)]. Soil samples collected from an abandoned semisubterranean structure where marine products were processed and stored [mean δN(AIR) = 6.8‰ ± 0.2‰ (1σ, n = 105)] were also significantly enriched in 15N.