Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mildly Impaired Foot Control in Long-Term Treated Patients with Wilson’s Disease

Abnormal gait is a common initial symptom of Wilson’s disease, which responds well to therapy, but has not been analyzed in detail so far. In a pilot study, a mild gait disturbance could be detected in long-term treated Wilson patients. The question still is what the underlying functional deficit of this gait disturbance is and how this functional deficit correlates with further clinical and laboratory findings. In 30 long-term treated Wilson patients, the vertical component of foot ground reaction forces (GRF-curves) was analyzed during free walking without aid at the preferred gait speed over a distance of 40 m. An Infotronic® gait analysis system, consisting of soft tissue shoes with solid, but flexible plates containing eight force transducers, was used to record the pressure of the feet on the floor. Parameters of the GRF-curves were correlated with clinical scores as well as laboratory findings. The results of Wilson patients were compared to those of an age- and sex-matched control group. In 24 out of 30 Wilson patients and all controls, two peaks could be distinguished: the first “heel-on” and the second “push-off” peak. The heights of these peaks above the midstance valley were significantly reduced in the patients (p < 0.05). The time differences between peaks 1 or 2 and midstance valley were significantly negatively correlated with the total impairment score (p < 0.05). Gait speed was significantly correlated with the height of the “push-off” peak above the midstance valley (p < 0.045). The GRF-curves of free walking, long-term treated patients with Wilson’s disease showed a reduced “push-off” peak as an underlying deficit to push the center of mass of the body to the contralateral side with the forefoot, explaining the reduction in gait speed during walking.
Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area

Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements of VOCs were conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were evaluated by comparing the measured concentrations with the inhalation unit risk (IUR) and reference concentration (RfC). The results indicated that a high carcinogenic risk occurred from 1,2 dibromoethane and benzene, while non-carcinogenic risks were attributed to 1,3 butadiene, 1,1,2 trichloroethane, and 3-chloropropene. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Version 5.0 was further utilized to estimate the contribution of specific sources to the VOC mixing ratio. The results revealed that the average VOC concentration in the community area was dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons, with toluene having the highest concentration. Vehicle exhaust was evaluated as the most contributing emission source of the VOC mixing ratio, followed by industrial processes. Specific VOC ratios were also applied to identify VOC sources. The T/B ratio was within the range 3.54–5.15, confirming that vehicle emissions were the main source of pollutants during the entire investigated period in the community area. As for the industrial area, the average VOC concentration was dominated by alkenes. Industrial processes and the petrochemical industry were the major sources of VOCs. The health risk assessment in the industrial area indicated that acrolein had the highest risk for non-carcinogens. 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,3-butadiene showed high potential as carcinogens.
Effects of the chemical composition of essential oils from seven plants used in traditional medicine in Benin on the growth of eleven pathogenic bacteria in antimicrobial control

The uncontrolled use of antimicrobials leads to an increase in the resistance of bacteria which becomes a public health problem. To overcome this problem, our study aims to establish a link between chemical composition and antimicrobial activity and then evaluate cytotoxicity, of seven essential oils. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was assessed by macrodilution and solid-medium diffusion method on agar, then cytotoxicity test was evaluated in vitro by MTT method. Results showed that essential oils of Cymbopogon schoenantus, Cymbopogon giganteus, Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus aurantifolia are the most bactericidal. Analysis of antimicrobial activity and chemical composition reveal that the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, the least oxygenated (14.9%), is the least active. The other essential oils, which are more active, are all rich in oxygenated compound (28.4% to 87.0%). The cytotoxicity assessment shows that our essential oils are less cytotoxic than camptothecin.
Study the Effect of the Foundation Surface on the Vibration Data at the Worker Arm Using Drilling Machine

ABSTRACT The hard workers are usually suffering from big medical problems after working with vibrating equipment such as compressor and different type of drills.These troubles give a big engorgement to study,measuring and analysis the vibration data resulting from the hard worker hand that is in touch with this vibrating equipment. This work studies the frequency and acceleration that will be measured at command,wrist, elbow, and shoulder in the human arm of hard works with different foundation boundary condition. The measuring of the vibration data in the human arm of hard workers is based namely on design and manufacturing a vibration measurement system according to international standard( ISO 28927-10) which consists of foundation structure, working structure ,drill,worker arm and vibration measuring system . The suggested vibration measurement system was used to measure vibration in the hard worker arm as a case study.The worker is of age, weight, length and arm length of 26 years, 85kg, 175cm and 80 cm respectively. The results shows that values of acceleration and frequency are increased with the decreasing the distance of sensor point from the drill handle. Also when using the concrete as ground foundation , the reduction in frequency at wrist, elbow, and shoulder in comparison with comhand were. ( 53.9%,72.5%,and 72.6%), (37.94%,10%,and 81.27.%), ( 55%,57.17%,and 57.7.%) for X,Y,and Z direction. While when using the Precast concrete as ground foundation , the reduction in frequency at wrist,elbow,and shoulder in comparison with comhand were (67.9%,71.2%,and90.29%),(8.9%,16.5%,and74,39%),and(8.44%,13.18%,and20.74%)for ,Y,and Z direction. Keywords: hand vibration, human vibration, acceleration, frequency, accelerometer.
Si-based Ge0.9Sn0.1 photodetector with peak responsivity of 2.85 A/W and longwave cutoff at 2.4 μm

High performance Si-based Ge0.9Sn0. 1 photoconductive infrared detectors have been demonstrated. The device fabrication is fully compatible with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. The room temperature responsivity at 1.55 μm is 0.26 A/W and comparable with that of commercially available InGaAs and Ge photovoltaic detectors. Temperature-dependent study shows an increased peak responsivity of 2.85 A/W at 77 K. The spectral response has a longwave cutoff of 2.4 and 2.2 μm at 300 and 77 K, respectively. Specific detectivity (D*) was calculated and compared side by side with D* of market dominating infrared detectors.
U-turn Waiting Time Estimation at Midblock Median Opening

The u-turn traffic at midblock median opening has to wait for the acceptable headway of conflicting through traffic stream. This research proposed the waiting time estimation by spreadsheet simulation. The spreadsheet software generated random headway size according to the known statistic distribution. The randomly generated headways were compared with the critical headway, which is assumed to follow the log-normal distribution, to determine whether the u-turn vehicle accepts the headway. The data was collected at a midblock median opening in order to evaluate the estimation result. The results showed that the proposed method can estimate the waiting time well when the through traffic volume is not large. When the through traffic volume is large, the collected waiting time is much lower than its estimated value. The result implied that the u-turn drivers became impatient while waiting for a long time and conducted the unsafe forcing u-turn maneuver.
Intestinal Organoids: New Tools to Comprehend the Virulence of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens

Foodborne diseases cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the relationships between bacteria and epithelial cells throughout the infection process is essential to setting up preventive and therapeutic solutions. The extensive study of their pathophysiology has mostly been performed on transformed cell cultures that do not fully mirror the complex cell populations, the in vivo architectures, and the genetic profiles of native tissues. Following advances in primary cell culture techniques, organoids have been developed. Such technological breakthroughs have opened a new path in the study of microbial infectious diseases, and thus opened onto new strategies to control foodborne hazards. This review sheds new light on cellular messages from the host–foodborne pathogen crosstalk during in vitro organoid infection by the foodborne pathogenic bacteria with the highest health burden. Finally, future perspectives and current challenges are discussed to provide a better understanding of the potential applications of organoids in the investigation of foodborne infectious diseases.
Food Consumption and Metabolic Risks in Young University Students

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between components of the diet, metabolic risks, and the serum concentrations of adiponectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6). With prior informed consent, an analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with 72 students in their first year of university. The subjects had a mean age of 19.2 ± 1.0 years and body mass index of 23.38 ± 4.2, and they were mainly women (80.6%). Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and dietary data and metabolic risk factors were evaluated, and biochemical parameters and adipocytokines were also considered. The data were analyzed using means, ranges, and correlations, as well as principal components. In general, the protein, fat, and sodium intake were higher than the international dietary recommendations, and deficiencies in vitamins B5 and E, potassium, phosphorus, selenium, and zinc were observed. The most frequently observed metabolic risks were insulin resistance and hypoalphalipoproteinemia. IL-6 was positively correlated with lipid and protein intake. Adiponectin showed a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein and a negative correlation with insulin, weight, and waist, while the adiponectin pattern was similar to that of vitamins E and A, which decreased with increasing intake of calories, macronutrients, and sodium. In general, a hypercaloric diet that was high in protein, fat, and sodium and deficient in vitamins, mainly fat-soluble, was associated with a lower concentration of adiponectin and a higher concentration of IL-6, which favor the presence of metabolic risks, including insulin resistance. Intervention studies are required to evaluate the dietary intake of metabolic markers in young people without comorbidities, which will lay the foundation for implementing prevention strategies.
Sleep Treatments in Disorders of Consciousness: A Systematic Review

Sleep disorders are among the main comorbidities in patients with a Disorder of Consciousness (DOC). Given the key role of sleep in neural and cognitive functioning, detecting and treating sleep disorders in DOCs might be an effective therapeutic strategy to boost consciousness recovery and levels of awareness. To date, no systematic reviews have been conducted that explore the effect of sleep treatments in DOCs; thus, we systematically reviewed the existing studies on both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for sleep disorders in DOCs. Among 2267 assessed articles, only 7 were included in the systematic review. The studies focused on two sleep disorder categories (sleep-related breathing disorders and circadian rhythm dysregulation) treated with both pharmacological (Modafinil and Intrathecal Baclofen) and non-pharmacological (positive airway pressure, bright light stimulation, and central thalamic deep brain stimulation) interventions. Although the limited number of studies and their heterogeneity do not allow generalized conclusions, all the studies highlighted the effectiveness of treatments on both sleep disorders and levels of awareness. For this reason, clinical and diagnostic evaluations able to detect sleep disorders in DOC patients should be adopted in the clinical routine for the purpose of intervening promptly with the most appropriate treatment.
“Student-led education for a better world?”Reflections in conversation

This essay provokes who the “experts” are in discussions about education: why not the students who are most impacted by it? At the Centre for Environment and Development Studies (CEMUS), a joint centre between Uppsala University and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, students are hired as Course Coordinators (CCs) to develop and facilitate freestanding university courses. This paper is an outcome of a collaborative reflection exercise in the form of a written dialogue between students, CCs, and a guest lecturer of a CEMUS course “Reimagining Education”. This course focused on approaching learning and education on a meta-level where students and their experience become the subject of collaborative learning. By comparing the experience from this course with other courses at CEMUS and beyond, we discuss whether and how CEMUS challenges traditional pedagogies based on teacher-student hierarchies. Both the capacity for CCs to influence the content and pedagogical arrangements as well as the opportunities for non-CC students to take responsibility in steering class discussions were highlighted as empowering experiences. We reflect upon how this and the use of arts-based pedagogies can lead to fostering community and how it motivates students to collectively engage in their personal learning experiences beyond curriculum goals.
Increasing the Efficiency of Food Material Cutting during Inclined and Shear Movements of Knife

Mathematical models for predicting the resistance forces that are developed during the inclined and sliding cutting of food materials have been developed. The dependence of the actual cutting angle on the angle of inclination and sliding speed of the cutting edge at various sharpening angles have been investigated. For the inclined cutting mode, the dependence of the useful resistance force on the cutting speed has been determined at various angles of inclination of the cutting edge and designed sharpening angles. For the sliding cutting mode, the dependence of the useful resistance force on the feeding speed has been demonstrated at various sliding speed values and designed knife sharpening angles. The dependence of the transformed dimensionless sharpness of the knife on the angle of inclination of the cutting edge and the sliding speed has been established for different constructional sharpness values of the knife. The results of the study indicate that the useful resistance force is significantly reduced during the inclined and sliding cutting processes when compared with the normal cutting process, and a change in the pattern of fiber destruction, which significantly increases the cutting efficiency of cutting tools, is obtained.
Quality assessment of anatomical MRI images from generative adversarial networks: Human assessment and image quality metrics

Background Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can synthesize brain images from image or noise input. So far, the gold standard for assessing the quality of the generated images has been human expert ratings. However, due to limitations of human assessment in terms of cost, scalability, and the limited sensitivity of the human eye to more subtle statistical relationships, a more automated approach towards evaluating GANs is required. New method We investigated to what extent visual quality can be assessed using image quality metrics and we used group analysis and spatial independent components analysis to verify that the GAN reproduces multivariate statistical relationships found in real data. Reference human data was obtained by recruiting neuroimaging experts to assess real Magnetic Resonance (MR) images and images generated by a Wasserstein GAN. Image quality was manipulated by exporting images at different stages of GAN training. Results: Experts were sensitive to changes in image quality as evidenced by ratings and reaction times, and the generated images reproduced group effects (age, gender) and spatial correlations moderately well. We also surveyed a number of image quality metrics which consistently failed to fully reproduce human data. While the metrics Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) showed good overall agreement with human assessment for lower-quality images (i.e. images from early stages of GAN training), only a Deep Quality Assessment (QA) model trained on human ratings was sensitive to the subtle differences between higher-quality images. Conclusions We recommend a combination of group analyses, spatial correlation analyses, and both distortion metrics (SSIM, NIQE) and perceptual models (Deep QA) for a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of brain images produced by GANs.
A Flexible Top-Down Data-Driven Stochastic Model for Synthetic Load Profiles Generation

The study of the behavior of smart distribution systems under increasingly dynamic operating conditions requires realistic and time-varying load profiles to run comprehensive and accurate simulations of power flow analysis, system state estimation and optimal control strategies. However, due to the limited availability of experimental data, synthetic load profiles with flexible duration and time resolution are often needed to this purpose. In this paper, a top-down stochastic model is proposed to generate an arbitrary amount of synthetic load profiles associated with different kinds of users exhibiting a common average daily pattern. The groups of users are identified through a preliminary Ward’s hierarchical clustering. For each cluster and each season of the year, a time-inhomogeneous Markov chain is built, and its parameters are estimated by using the available data. The states of the chain correspond to equiprobable intervals, which are then mapped to a time-varying power consumption range, depending on the statistical distribution of the load profiles at different times of the day. Such distributions are regarded as Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). Compared with other top-down approaches reported in the scientific literature, the joint use of GMM models and time-inhomogeneous Markov chains is rather novel. Furthermore, it is flexible enough to be used in different contexts and with different temporal resolution, while keeping the number of states and the computational burden reasonable. The good agreement between synthetic and original load profiles in terms of both time series similarity and consistency of the respective probability density functions was validated by using three different data sets with different characteristics. In most cases, the median values of synthetic profiles’ mean and standard deviation differ from those of the original reference distributions by no more than ±10% both within a typical day of each season and within the population of a given cluster, although with some significant outliers.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Geografi

The purposes of this research were to know (1) the difference of the student learning results in experiment and control class (2) the influence of the project based learning model to study results. The research used quasi experiment method and posttest-only control design. Population in this research were the entire class XI IPS with the sample class XI IPS 3 and XI IPS 4 determined by purposive sampling technique. Data collected used test and documentation technique. The hypothesis used t-test and One Way ANOVA test. Result of this research indicated that (1) there is a significant difference on the students learning where students study results who were given model project based learning treatment were higher than students who were given conventional treatment, (2) there is an influence of project based learning model towards geography learning of student learning.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui(1) perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dan (2) pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap hasil belajar Geografi siswa kelas XI. Penelitian menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimen dan menggunakan desain penelitian posttest-only control design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas XI IPS dengan sampel kelas XI IPS 3 dan XI IPS 4 yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan dokumentasi. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t dan uji One Way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) adanya perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar siswa dimana hasil belajar siswa yang diberi perlakuan model project based learning lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar siswa yang diberi perlakuan model konvensional, (2) ada pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran geografi.
Vision and Reality of Hypertext and Graphical User Interfaces

The World Wide Web took off ten years ago. Its tremendous success makes it easy to forget the more than forty years of hypertext development that preceded the Web. Similarly, modern graphical user interfaces have drawn attention away from the many compelling ideas behind earlier user interface designs. In the present thesis, numerous early hypertext and graphical user interface systems are presented and contrasted with today's Web and desktop interfaces. The designers of early hypertext and graphical user interface systems shared a common objective: the development of a personal dynamic medium for creative thought. Not very much is left from this original vision. Retrospect reveals promising insights that might help to reconcile the desktop environment with the Web in order to design a consistent and powerful way to interact with the computer. Das World Wide Web hat vor nunmehr uber zehn Jahren seinen unvergleichlichen Siegeszug begonnen. Dabei wird oft ubersehen, das die Idee des Hypertexts eine bereits uber vierzigjahrige Geschichte hinter sich hat. Die Arbeit zeigt diese Entwicklung anhand der verschiedenen Hypertextsysteme auf und kontrastiert sie mit dem Web. Die Betrachtung der Grafischen Benutzungsoberflachen zeigt ganz ahnlich, das auch hier viele gute Ideen auf dem Wege zu den heute dominierenden Fenstersystemen verloren gegangen sind. Von der gemeinsamen Idee von Hypertext und Graphischer Benutzungsschnittstelle, namlich die Schaffung eines personlichen Mediums zum kreativen Umgang mit dem Computer, ist heute nur noch wenig ubrig. Durch Ruckschau gewinnt diese Arbeit mogliche Ansatze, die dazu beitragen konnen, die Interface-Welten des Webs mit denen der Desktop-Oberflache zu verbinden.