Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Notes on the bionomics and fishery ofthe prawn Metapenmus dobsoni Mierson the South-west coast of India

In a previous paper (1951) an attempt was made to present a detailed account of the various larval stages of the penaeid prawn Metapenceus dobsoni, together with brief notes on some aspects of its bionomics. Since then a considerable amount of data relating to the species has accumulated in the course of the investigations at Narakkal from October 1951 with special reference to the paddy field prawn fishery. When this fishery was not in operation, i.e., from about the middle of April to about the middle of November, samples of pravm catches from backwaters have been studied in order that data on the species for the whole year would be available.
The Effects of GMS Immunity-Related GTPases on Guanylate-Binding Proteins, Protein Aggregate Formation, and Macroautophagy

The Effects of GMS Immunity-Related GTPases on Guanylate-Binding Proteins, Protein Aggregate Formation, and Macroautophagy by Maria Traver Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Gregory Taylor, Supervisor ___________________________ Raphael Valdivia ___________________________ Jörn Coers ___________________________ Patrick Seed ___________________________ David Pickup An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2013 Copyright by Maria Traver 2013
Distribution of recent dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments from the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas in relation to sea-surface parameters

Surface sediments at 439 sites throughout the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas have been analyzed for dinoflagellate cysts in order to establish a reference database from which paleoenvironmental transfer functions can be developed. Laboratory procedures and systematics were standardized in order to avoid bias introduced by the selective loss of taxa and to facilitate site to site comparison. 371 sites were retained to develop the database that includes 41 taxa, some of which were grouped using morphological and/or ecological criteria. 27 taxa were retained for statistical purposes. Distribution maps of these latter taxa have been plotted on the basis of their relative abundance. Principal component analyses were performed in order to describe the distribution of assemblages. The relation between the assemblages, as well as the relative abundance of individual taxa, and selected sea-surface parameters are illustrated. The parameters which were considered include temperature and salinity for winter (February) and summer (August) together with the duration of sea-ice cover. Transfer functions using the best analogue method have been tested with a view to reconstruct past sea-surface parameters. Validation procedures on this transfer function demonstrate that more than 95% of the reconstructions are included within the interannual variability of modern sea-surface conditions. Therefore, these transfer functions give accurate results and can be applied to reconstructing paleotemperatures and salinities from analogous assemblages in Quaternary sedimentary sequences.Protoperidinium stellatum (Wall in Wall & Dale, 1968) Head, comb. nov. (basionym = Peridinium stellatum) is proposed as new, and Algidasphaeridium? minutum var. cezare de Vernal et al., 1989 ex de Vernal et al. is newly validated.
A survey of rats and mice for latent toxoplasmosis in Croatia: a case report

Brain tissues of 142 rats and 86 mice were bioassayed for toxoplasms. Each tissue was homogenized and subcutaneously injected into 4 SPF mice. Six weeks later, the mice were euthanatized and their brains were examined microscopically for Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts. Two (1.4%) of the rats but none of the mice were positive. This is the first isolation of T. gondii from rats in Croatia.
Sulfide toxicity in anaerobic systems fed sulfate and various organics

Upflow anaerobic filters fed acetate and propionate, and completely mixed, suspended growth reactors fed acetate, propionate, lactate, and glucose were used to investigate the effect of electron donor and reactor type on the interaction between sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogens. Organic loading rates of 0.25-0.50 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L.d were used in suspended growth systems and 1.0-5.0 g COD/L.d in filters. COD/sulfur ratios ranged from 20/1 to 2/1 for completely mixed reactors, and 20/1 to 8/1 for anaerobic filters. Results indicated that organisms involved in the conversion of lactate and glucose into simpler products were not affected by sulfide toxicity.
Diagnostic and Biological Significance of Immunohistochemical Expression of Osteopontin and Ki67 in Fibro-osseous lesions of jaws

Background and Aim: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) and ossifying fibroma (OF) are the most important fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) of the jaws with similarities in radiographic and morphological features while showing completely different biological behavior. Limited studies have been evaluated immunohistochemistry markers, such as osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin to help differentiate these two lesions. This study aimed to assess the immunoexpression of OPN and Ki67 as potential markers for differentiation of different FOLs. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 12 FD, 19 OF, and eight FOL samples retrieved from the archives of the department of oral pathology. The specimens were examined immunohistochemically using streptavidin-biotin method for OPN and Ki67. The intensity score (IS), proportional score (PS) and total score (TS) were assessed in hard and soft tissue matrix and in mesenchymal cells for Ki67. The data were analyzed by independent samples Kruskal-Wallis. Results: Osteopontin showed positive immunoreaction in both stromal and trabecular components of all FDs and OFs. Among the scores, PS and TS of bone trabeculae were significantly different in FD and OF (P=0.005). Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed in Ki67 expression in mesenchymal cells (P=0.880) and OPN scores in soft tissue matrix between the lesions; their P-value were 0.336, 0.340 and 0.415 for IS, TS, and PS, respectively. Conclusion: Osteopontin can serve as a useful marker for differential diagnosis of FD and OF. However, we suggest evaluation of other NCMPs, especially functionally similar molecules such as bone sialoproteins (BSPs) in FOLs for differential diagnosis.
PATTERN OF PAEDIATRIC MALIGNANCIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN

Background: Out of 200,000 new cases of childhood cancer worldwide, 80% are from developing countries. This study was conducted to evaluate pattern and frequency of malignant diseases among children, in northern Pakistan. Methods: This retrospective hospital based study was carried out at Paediatric Oncology Department of Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi from 1st January 2012 to 30th June 2017. All new patients below 15 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of malignant diseases were included. Medical records of patients were analyzed and frequencies were calculated according to diagnosis, sex and age. Results: A total of 1,087 new patients, 734 male and 353 female, were included in the study. Mean age was 5.5±3.5 years. Majority of children (47.8%) were in age group 1–5 years, followed by age group 5–10 years (31.9%). Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) was the commonest malignancy seen in 38.2% of patients. Other common malignancies were Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) 15.5%, Hodgkin Lymphoma 7.4%, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 5.4%, Wilms’ tumour 6.1%, Neuroblastoma 4.6%, Rhabdomyosarcoma 3.8%, Retinoblastoma 3.5% and Brain tumours 3.5%. Among infants (<1 year age), Acute leukaemia and Wilms’ tumour were more common. Overall male to female ratio was 2:1. Almost all tumours were more prevalent in males except Ewing Sarcoma (M/F 1:1.08) and Wilms’ tumour (M/F 1:1). Conclusion: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia is the commonest paediatric malignancy in our population. It is in accordance with other regional and international studies. We have relatively higher frequency of AML and lower frequency of brain tumours. Pak J Physiol 2018;14(4):21–4
Cardiolipin promotes electron transport between ubiquinone and complex I to rescue PINK1 deficiency

lipid the mitochondrial dysfunction in PINK1 mutants under specific changes in lipid content thoroughly whether mitochondrial dysfunction can be modified by alterations in lipid content. In this study, we present an unbiased genetic screen and identify fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a dominant suppressor of PINK1 deficiency. Given the strong interest in FASN inhibition in the field of oncology, pharmacological inhibitors exist, and we show that they can also rescue PINK1 deficiency in fly-, mouse-, and patient-derived neurons, connecting the function of PINK1 is mutated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and mutations cause mitochondrial defects that include inefficient electron transport between complex I and ubiquinone. Neurodegeneration is also connected to changes in lipid homeostasis, but how these are related to PINK1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is unknown. Based on an unbiased genetic screen, we found that partial genetic and pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) suppresses toxicity induced by PINK1 deficiency in flies, mouse cells, patient-derived fibroblasts, and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons. Lower FASN activity in PINK1 mutants decreases palmitate levels and increases the levels of cardiolipin (CL), a mitochondrial inner membrane–specific lipid. Direct supplementation of CL to isolated mitochondria not only rescues the PINK1- induced complex I defects but also rescues the inefficient electron transfer between complex I and ubiquinone in specific mutants. Our data indicate that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of FASN to increase CL levels bypasses the enzymatic defects at complex I in a PD model.
Effect of harvesting methods and post-harvest treatments on storage behaviour of Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulata) fruit

A study was conducted dJIring 1995-97 to evaluate the harvesting methods, viz snapping (twisting and pulling) and clipping with reference to injuries and shelf-life of Nagpur mandarin during Ambia (spring) and Mrig (monsoon) crop season. Harvesting rate was slightly less in clipping (315 fruits/person/hour) compared with the conventional snapping (350 fruits/person/hour). In snap method of harvesting, 8.79-9.14% fruits were injured at stem end (slight to severe plugging) in Ambia (spring) season indicating economical loss to growers since such fruits are not marketable. In Mrig (monsoon) crop season (1997) harvesting by snap method resulted in negligible (< 1 %) injuries. Injuries due to puncturing by longer stems to adjacent fruits were 0.25 to 0.34% in snap hanvest and 1.72% in clipping. Wax (highshine wax 2.5%) treatment reduced fruit weight loss in storage. The addition of 2,4-D (@ 500 ppm) in wax helped in retaining greeness of pedicel in clipped fruit. Decay was considerably less in clipped fruit and further reduced by fungicidal wax treatment during storage up to 15 days under ambient condition and 45 days under refrigerated condition. The carbendazim (@ 2000 ppm) treatment through wax was ineffective especially in snap harvested fruit (with slight to severe injury) in controlling decay. The total soluble solids content did not change much while titratable acidity dropped more so in snap harvested froit as compared to clipped fruit in storage. Flavour and acceptability score were highest in clipped fruit after storage.
Different Breast Cancer Subtypes in Women More Than 65-Year-Old

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy of females. Breast cancer is a heterogenic disease; it consists of several subtypes based on the expression of different genes. Risk factors associated with each subtype is not completely understood, yet. Moreover, recognizing the cancer subtypes may alter the treatment plan. The aim of this study was to evaluate different breast cancer subtypes in women more than 65-year-old. This was a cross-sectional study done on patients with breast cancer aged 65 years and older presenting to clinics of Emam Reza and Omid Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran between 2005 and 2015. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS ver. 16. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.A total of 225 breast cancer patients age 65 and older were included in our study. When we categorized our patients by breast cancer subtypes, 69.8% had the Luminal A, B subtype, 23.1% had Triple-Negative subtype, and the remaining 7.1% had HER-2 enriched subtype.Different breast cancer subtypes in patients aged 65-year-old and higher were Luminal A, B, HER-2 enriched and Triple-negative, respectively. We also showed that patients with Luminal A, B subtypes had significantly higher BMI and BSA compared to other subtypes. © 2018 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2018;56(11):698-703.
Induced Activity of Pathogenesis Related (PR) Proteins in Aphid Galls

The favorable abiotic conditions within aphid galls may provide an optimal microhabitat for pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Pathogens, especially fungi may be one of the main sources of mortality of the aphid gall-formers. We found high levels of pathogenesis related (PR) proteins in the tissue of galls induced by the aphids Smynthurodes betae (West.), Forda riccobonii (Stephani), and in particular Slavum wertheimae HRL (Homoptera: Pemphigidae: Fordinae) on Pistacia atlantica (Anacardiaceae). Compared with adjacent ungalled leaves, activity levels of chitinase and peroxidase, but not β-1,3-glucanase, were significantly higher in the galls. These PR proteins are an important component of the plant defense mechanisms against pathogens. The local induction of PR proteins in the galls suggests that manipulation of anti-microbial activity in the host tissue by gall-forming aphids may be self-benefiting.
Review of Cervical Screening in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest gynaecological cancer in developing countries due to poor uptake of screening services. Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of abnormal Pap smears and the relationship of the abnormal smears with risk factors for the development of cervical cancers. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from the cervical cancer screening centre of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). Results: Of the 3875 women screened, 1418 (36.6%) had abnormal smears with low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (38.2%) being the commonest lesion. Among those with abnormal smears, 590 (41.6%) had one risk factor each and 828 (58.4%) had two or more risk factors while those women who were 50 years and above constituted the highest number with abnormal smears. Conclusion: This study showed that only few women access cervical screening services and amongst those who accessed the services, a large proportion had abnormal smears. Also, the likelihood of having abnormal cervical smears increased with the number of risk factors and advancing age. There should therefore be more awareness campaigns and cervical screening services should be made accessible and affordable for all women.
Seed dormancy in domesticated and wild sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) :types, longevity and QTL discovery

approved: _____________________________________________________________________ Carol A. Mallory-Smith Elite inbred sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines were found to have short-lived embryo and seed covering dormancies. Seed dormancy of wild sunflowers (H. annuus, H. argophyllus and H. exilis) was found to be controlled primarily by the seed covering (seed coat and pericarp) and embryo dormancy was short-lived (four to eight weeks). Native American Landraces (NALs) had low to moderate embryo and seed covering dormancy, which was more similar to elite lines. The seed covering in the NALs contributed more to seed dormancy than did the seed covering in the elite lines. The seed coat itself was implicated in seed dormancy and the length of dormancy caused by the seed coat varied by accession and variety. Excising 1⁄4 of the seed, rather than removing the entire seed covering, increased germination but also increased the number of seed that decayed. Dormancy of embryos from 19 wild sunflower accessions ranging in south to north latitude from Texas to Saskatchewan, Canada was found to be highly variable; however seed covering dormancy was similar among all the wild accessions in the northern latitudes. Germination of accessions in the most southern latitudes was greater (P<0.0001) than germination of accessions from more northern latitudes. The seed covering had to be completely removed in order to maximize germination of wild accessions from all latitudes. Seed germination of whole achenes of elite lines was greatest under alternating conditions of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of an elite by wild cross (HA89 x ANN1238) were evaluated for seed dormancy quantitative trait loci (QTL). QTL were mapped to 14 of the 17 linkage groups, for the time course of 0 to 24 weeks of seed after-ripening. Twenty four QTL related to whole seed dormancy were found. Whole seed dormancy QTL explained between 9-30% of the phenotypic variation observed. Seven QTL were found related to embryo dormancy. QTL related to embryo dormancy explained from 12-23% of the phenotypic variation observed. Delay of germination percentage (DOGp) of each RIL was calculated using the Richards function (1959) to detect QTL related to 25, 50 and 75% germination. Twelve DOGp QTL were detected to help further explain seed dormancy QTL. Four strong regions harboring several QTL each were identified which sets the stage for more in depth future analyses. © Copyright by Robert L. Brunick November 29, 2007 All Rights Reserved Seed Dormancy in Domesticated and Wild Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.): Types, Longevity and QTL Discovery by Robert L. Brunick A DISSERTATION Submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Presented November 29, 2007 Commencement June 2008 Doctor of Philosophy dissertation of Robert L. Brunick presented on November 29, 2007.
Thermodynamic, Kinetic, and Dynamics Studies of the Allosteric Ligand-Responsive Regulatory Protein TRAP

Life is made possible by an astounding array of interactions between highly-evolved biomolecules that serve a variety of specific functions. Their functions are dictated by structure and flexibility or “dynamics,” both of which can change upon interaction with a partner molecule. Understanding these changes and the pathways that link them have revealed key insights into both disease and the foundations of life. However, because these interactions are often “allosteric,” wherein changes are propagated far from the site of contact, the subsequent changes are difficult to predict and sometimes counter-intuitive to understand, thus motivating directed, basic research. Here, we aim to understand allostery by characterizing the activation mechanism of the paradigmatic, allosteric, ligand-responsive protein trp RNAbinding Attenuation Protein (TRAP), which regulates genes under control of the trp operon in Bacilli. The ring-shaped 11-mer TRAP is activated to recognize a specific trp-mRNA target upon binding up to 11 tryptophan (Trp) molecules; in contrast to the Trp-bound “holo” state of TRAP, the Trp-free “apo” state is inactive. In study 1, to understand how the apo and holo states of TRAP differ with respect to structure and dynamics, we used state of the art nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. We learn that apo TRAP is flexible in the μs-ms
Genetic divergence, path coefficient and cluster analysis of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cultivars, in the mid-altitudes of Meghalaya

Twenty two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes were evaluated during rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09 to explore the possibility of introducing chickpea crop into the cropping system of the mid-altitudes of Meghalaya. Luxuriant chickpea growth with a wide spectrum of variability for plant height, number of branches/plant, days to flowering, number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight was observed. The genotypic variance was moderate to high for the said characters which resulted in moderate to high heritability and genetic advance values. Grain yield/plant was positively and significantly correlated with days to flowering, plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. Moderate to high heritability and genetic advance of these plant characters vis-a-vis their positive association and direct positive effect on grain yield/plant suggested for their consideration during selection of high yielding genotypes. All the test chickpea genotypes could be grouped into five distinct clusters. An analysis of the percentage contribution of individual characters towards genetic diversity revealed that days to flowering, 100-seed weight and number of pods/plant were the major characters contributing to genetic diversity in chickpea. Based on the results it may be concluded that chickpea can be successfully grown in Meghalaya and chickpea improvement can be undertaken in the mid hill conditions of north eastern hill region of India.
Detection, transmission and control of Drechslera teres in barley seed.

The objectives of the present work were to compare methods to detect Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoem. in barley seed, to analyze the potential role of seed borne D. teres as primary inoculum for net blotch epidemics, and to evaluate fungicide seed treatments. Results from the two types of assays used to detect D. teres, deep-freezing (Jorgensen, 1983) and selective medium for Cochliobolus sativus (Ito et Kurib.) (Reis 1983), differed significantly. In all cases, the selective medium was more sensitive and revealed a higher incidence of seed infection. Symptom and symptomless transmission of D. teres from seeds to plumules and coleoptiles of barley were quantified in experiments carried out under greenhouse conditions. The pathogen was detected in symptomless seedling coleoptile tips beginning at 7 days after sowing and reaching the maximum infection incidence on the fourth week. Number of conidia of D. teres on coleoptile tips was zero during the first and second weeks after sowing but it increased later to 1094 conidia/100 coleoptiles at the fifth week. Transmission efficiency of D. teres from seed to coleoptile tips in symptomless seedlings was 21.7%. Passsage of the pathogen, based on symptoms to plumule was 9%. The seed treatment studies indicated that the fungicides used in Argentina such as thiram, tebuconazole and flutriafol, were less effective against D. teres than iminoctadine, guazatine + triticonazole, iprodione + triticonazole, and iprodione + thiram.