Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Technostress on Employees’ WellBeing: The Role of Work Engagement and Perceived Supervisor Support

: The purpose of this research is to comprehend the impact of technostress on employees’ well-being: the role of work engagement and perceived supervisor support. This research is conducted in a developing country of Iraq during COVID-19 as a contextual variable where no previous literature in this context could be found which is considered as a scientific gap and needs to be explored. The population of this study is Iraqi employees. As for the research sample, it is limited to any Iraqi employee who used ICT in any organizations on a daily basis. A self-administered questionnaire distributed via Google forms online. The convenient snowball sampling method was used on social media and personal contacts as it lets respondents recruit others through liking, commenting, or sharing the post. A total of 179 individuals participated in the survey. As for the finding, controlling for age, gender, education, and computer literacy, we found that there is no significant relationship between technostress and work engagement, and technostress and perceived supervisor support unlike what is written in the literature. However, a significant positive relationship between perceived supervisor support and work engagement has been found we presume it’s the impact of COVID-19 which made employees depend on supervisors for support. The practical implication of this research demonstrates that technostress may have different impacts depending on location and time. HR and organizations in Iraq can make use of this research and utilize it as a benchmark to measure well-being in their organizations.
Is There a Bias Towards Girls in Non Anonymous Evaluation?

This paper investigates the gender gap in high school students achievement in Portugal and explores to what extent this can be driven by the method of evaluation. In class evaluation results not only from measures of cognitive skills but also from non cognitive skills, like abil-ity to pay attention in class, to organize class materials, to keep track of home-work or class materials in which male students underperform relative to girls. This is in contrast with national exam tests that focus only on cognitive skills. We compare results from national exams, required for higher education admission, with results from in class evaluation for the same student. The data set used has the exam and in class scores for Portuguese students that took the national exams between 2007 and 2012. By examining the diﬀerence between results from in class evaluation and national exams, controlling for age, type of school and vocational track we can identify a gender gap in student achievement most notably in favor of girls in portuguese and mathematics and in both evaluation schemes. The analysis also shows that the diﬀerence between in classroom evaluation and the exam score positive and higher for female students. This suggests that there is a bias in favor of girls in classroom evaluation. JEL Classiﬁcation:
ABC: Attributed Bipartite Co-clustering

Finding a set of co-clusters in a bipartite network is a fundamental and important problem. In this paper, we present the Attributed Bipartite Co-clustering (ABC) problem which unifies two main concepts: (i) bipartite modularity optimization, and (ii) attribute cohesiveness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to find co-clusters while considering the attribute cohesiveness. We prove that ABC is NP-hard and is not in APX, unless P=NP. We propose three algorithms: (1) a top-down algorithm; (2) a bottom-up algorithm; (3) a group matching algorithm. Extensive experimental results on real-world attributed bipartite networks demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithms.
High harmonic generation and application for photoemission spectroscopy in condensed matter

High harmonic generation (HHG) delivering attosecond pulse duration with photon energy in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range has been demonstrated as a robust table-top coherent light source, allowing for the observation and manipulation of ultrafast process within the shortest time window ever made by humans. The past decade has witnessed the rapid progress of HHG from a variety of solid targets and its application for photoemission spectroscopy in condensed matter. In this article, we review the HHG in solids and the understanding of the underlying physics of HHG, which allows all-optical band structure reconstruction. We also introduce combinations of HHG source and photoemission spectroscopy, such as angular-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and photoemission electron microscopy. With the capacity of exploring a wide momentum space and high temporal resolution, the extension of attosecond science to the field of condensed matter physics will lead to new insights into the fundamental ultrafast dynamics in novel quantum materials.
The effective hydrodynamic radius in the Stokes–Einstein relation is not a constant

Variants based on the assumption of effective hydrodynamic radius being a constant are usually adopted to test the Stokes–Einstein (SE) relation. The rationality of the assumption is examined by performing molecular dynamics simulations with the truncated Lennard-Jones-like (TLJ) model, Kob–Andersen model and ortho-terphenyl (OTP) model. The results indicate the assumption is generally not established except for special case. The effective hydrodynamic radius is observed to increase with decreasing temperature for TLJ model but is decreased for Kob–Andersen and OTP model; and which is almost a constant for TLJ particle with enough rigidity. The variant of SE relation D∼T/η is invalid for the three models except for the TLJ particle with enough rigidity. We propose similar inconsistency may be also existed in other liquids and the assumption should be critically evaluated when adopted to test the SE relation.
Comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters of ranolazine between diabetic and non-diabetic rats

Objective(s): Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug that is prescribed in DM patients with angina. We decided to evaluate the effect of DM on the pharmacokinetics of ranolazine and its major metabolite CVT-2738 in rats. Materials and Methods: Male rats were divided into two groups: DM (induced by 55 mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ)) and non-DM. All animals were treated with 80 mg/kg of ranolazine for 7 continuous days. The blood samples were collected immediately at 0 (prior to dosing), 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 hr after administration of the 7th dose of ranolazine. Serum ranolazine and CVT-2738 concentrations were determined using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model and compared between the two groups. Results: The peak serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) of ranolazine significantly decreased in DM compared with non-DM rats. DM rats showed significantly higher volumes of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of ranolazine than non-DM rats. DM did not affect Ke, Tmax, and T1/2 of ranolazine. The concentration of metabolite was lower than the HPLC limit of detection (LOD). Conclusion: It was found that streptozotocin-induced DM increased Vd and CL of ranolazine, thereby decreasing the AUC of the drug. Therefore, dosage adjustment may be necessary for DM patients, which requires further clinical studies.
Acceptability and feasibility of mobile phone-based ecological momentary assessment and intervention in Uganda: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Valid, reliable behavioral data and contextually meaningful interventions are necessary for improved health outcomes. Ecological Momentary Assessment and Intervention (EMAI), which collects data as behaviors occur to deliver real-time interventions, may be more accurate and reliable than retrospective methods. The rapid expansion of mobile technologies in low-and-middle-income countries allows for unprecedented remote data collection and intervention opportunities. However, no previous studies have trialed EMAI in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed EMAI acceptability and feasibility, including participant retention and response rate, in a prospective, parallel group, randomized pilot trial in Rakai, Uganda comparing behavioral outcomes among adults submitting ecological momentary assessments (EMA) versus EMAI. After training, participants submitted EMA data on five nutrition and health risk behaviors over a 90-day period using a smartphone-based application utilizing prompt-based, participant-initiated, and geospatial coordinate data collection, with study coordinator support and incentives for >50% completion. Included behaviors and associated EMAI-arm intervention messages were selected to pilot a range of EMAI applications. Acceptability was measured on questionnaires. We estimated the association between high response rate and participant characteristics and conducted thematic analysis characterizing participant experiences. Study completion was 48/50 participants. Median prompt response rate was 66.5% (IQR: 60.0%-78.6%). Prior smartphone app use at baseline (aPR 3.76, 95%CI: 1.16–12.17, p = 0.03) and being in the intervention arm (aPR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.01–6.44, p = 0.05) were significantly associated with the top response rate quartile (response to >78.6% of prompts). All participants submitted self-initiated reports, covering all behaviors of interest, including potentially sensitive behaviors. Inconsistent phone charging was the most reported feasibility challenge. In this pilot, EMAI was acceptable and feasible. Response rates were good; additional strategies to improve compliance should be investigated. EMAI using mobile technologies may support improved behavioral data collection and intervention approaches in low and middle-income settings. This approach should be tested in larger studies.
On Consistency Properties of Discrete Adjoint Linear Multistep Methods

In this paper we analyze the consistency properties of discrete adjoints of linear multistep methods. Discrete adjoints are very popular in optimization and control since they can be constructed automatically by reverse mode automatic differentiation. The consistency analysis reveals that the discrete linear multistep adjoints are, in general, inconsistent approximations of the adjoint ODE solution along the trajectory. However, the discrete adjoints at the initial time (and therefore the discrete adjoint gradients) converge to the adjoint ODE solution with the same order as the original linear multistep method. Discrete adjoints inherit the zero-stability properties of the forward method. Numerical results confirm the theoretical findings.
S146L in MYC is a context-dependent activating substitution in cancer development

MYC is one of the most dysregulated oncogenes and is thought to be fundamental to tumor formation and/or maintenance in many cancer types. This dominant pro-tumor activity makes MYC an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, MYC is a transcription factor lacking enzymatic activity, and the structure of one of its two domains is unknown e.g., its transactivation domain. Consequently, few direct MYC-targeting therapies have been developed, and none have been successful in the clinic. Nevertheless, significant effort has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms of oncogenic MYC activity with the objective of uncovering novel vulnerabilities of MYC-dependent cancers. These extensive investigations have revealed in detail how MYC translocation, amplification, and other upstream perturbations contribute to MYC activity in cancer. However, missense mutations of the MYC gene have remained relatively understudied for their potential role in MYC-mediated oncogenesis. While the function of several low-frequency mutations in MYC have been described, our understanding of other equally or more frequent mutations is incomplete. Herein, we define the function of a recurrent missense mutation in MYC resulting in the substitution S146L. This mutation enhances the interaction between MYC and its cofactor TRRAP and may enhance oncogenic MYC activity in certain cellular contexts. Implication Our results fortify the mechanistic understanding of oncogenic MYC and may indicate a novel prognostic marker for patients whose tumors harbor the somatic mutation resulting in MYC S146L.
Cross-talk between down-regulation of steroidogenic genes expression and oxidative and apoptotic biomarkers in testes induced by administration of tramadol and boldenone and their combination in male albino rats

Objective(s): The testis is the male reproductive gland or gonad having two vital functions: to produce both sperm and androgens, primarily testosterone. The study aimed to investigate the effect of tramadol and boldenone injected alone or in combination for 2 months in rats on testicular function. Materials and Methods: Group 1, normal control; Group 2, tramadol HCl (TRAM) (20 mg/kg bwt.) (IP); Group 3, boldenone undecylenate (BOLD) (5 mg/kg bwt) (i.m); Group 4, combination of TRAM (20 mg/kg bwt.) and BOLD (5 mg/kg); respectively for 2 months. Results: TRAM and BOLD alone and in combination showed deteriorated testicular functions, lowered serum steroid levels (FSH, LH, and testosterone), elevation in oxidative biomarkers (MDA & NO) and reduction in GSH and SOD, down-regulation of StaR and HSD17B3 as well as histopathological testicular assessment using H&E staining revealing massive degenerative changes in the seminiferous epithelium and vacuolar changes of most of the spermatogenic stages in both TRAM and BOLD groups. PAS stain showed an intensive reaction in the interstitial tissue between the tubules in the TRAM group. Masson trichrome stain showed abundant collagen fiber deposits in the tunica albuginea with congested BV in the TRAM group. Conclusion: The study illuminated the hazard of administration of these drugs for a long period as well as the prominent deleterious effects reported on concurrent use of both drugs.
Knowledge, perception and practice of pharmaceutical waste disposal among the public in Lagos State, Nigeria

Introduction increased consumption of pharmaceuticals has been reported to cause a high level of their discharge into the environment, and even small quantities in the environment have the potential to cause harm. Methods a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted between April and May 2021. The questionnaire was made available online through social media platforms. Results a total number of 534 respondents were surveyed. Two hundred and fifty respondents (46.8%) were presently on one or more medications. Many participants have not received advice on pharmaceutical waste from health professionals (413, 78.3%). There is fair knowledge about pharmaceutical waste 234 (43.8%). Many of the respondents think there is a lack of adequate information on what to do with them (500, 93.6%) and there should be a program/ strategy to retrieve all unused, leftover, or expired medicines (475, 88.9%). A lot of respondents throw unused medicines away in household garbage (391, 73.2%) Conclusion there is fair knowledge, positive perception, and poor pharmaceutical waste disposal practice. There is a need for the implementation of a “medication take-back program” for appropriate waste disposal practice.
Differences between spinal cord injury and cervical compressive myelopathy in intramedullary high-intensity lesions on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: A retrospective study

Increases in aging populations have raised the number of patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) without fractures due to compression of the cervical spinal cord. In such patients, it is necessary to clarify whether SCI or cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM) is the cause of disability after trauma. This study aimed to clarify the differences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features between SCI and CCM. Overall, 60 SCI patients and 60 CCM patients with intramedullary high-intensity lesions on T2-weighted MRI were included in this study. The longitudinal lengths of the intramedullary T2 high-intensity lesions were measured using sagittal MRI sections. Snake-eye appearance on axial sections was assessed as a characteristic finding of CCM. The T2 values of the high-intensity lesions and normal spinal cords at the first thoracic vertebra level were measured, and the contrast ratio was calculated using these values. The longitudinal length of T2 high-intensity lesions was significantly longer in SCI patients than in CCM patients. Snake-eye appearance was found in 26 of the 60 CCM patients, but not in SCI patients. On both the sagittal and axial images, the contrast ratio was significantly higher in the SCI group than in the CCM group. Based on these results, a diagnostic scale was created. This scale made it possible to distinguish between SCI and CCM with approximately 90% accuracy.
Adaptive graph walk based similarity measures in entity-relation graphs

Relational or semi-structured data is naturally represented by a graph schema, where nodes denote entities and directed typed edges represent the relations between them. Such graphs are heterogeneous in the sense that they describe different types of objects and multiple types of links. For example, email data can be described in a graph that includes messages, persons, dates and other objects; in this graph, a message may be associated with a person with different relations, such as “sent-to”, “sent-from” and so on. In the past, researchers have suggested to apply random graph walks in order to elicit a measure of similarity between entities that are not directly connected in a graph. In this thesis, we suggest a general framework, in which different arbitrary queries (for instance, “what persons are most related to this email message? ”) are addressed using random walks. Naturally, there are many types of queries possible that correspond to various flavors of inter-entity similarity; several learning techniques are therefore suggested and evaluated that adapt the graph-walk based search to a query type. The framework is applied in the thesis to two different domains. The first domain is personal information management, where it is shown how seemingly different tasks like alias finding, intelligent message threading and person name disambiguation, can be addressed uniformly as search queries using the adaptive graph-walk based similarity measure. The second domain evaluated is the processing of parsed text, where a graph represents corpora of structured parsed text, and adaptive graph walks are applied to induce inter-word similarity measures for tasks such as coordinate term extraction. Finally, design and scalability considerations are discussed.
The optimal neoadjuvant regimen for nonsmall cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis

Objective: To compare the efficacy and complications of different neoadjuvant to determine the optimal regimens for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: A systematic search of the Web of Science, and PubMed databases was conducted through June 3, 2021, reporting a comparison of chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Results: Of 3462 studies, 25 were considered for evidence synthesis. 1035 patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery did not prolong the overall survival (OS) compared with 1038 patients who received surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13, 95% CI 1·00–1·28, P = 0·05). 1192 patients received chemoradiotherapy and 864 patients received chemotherapy or radiotherapy; chemoradiotherapy prolonged the OS compared with chemotherapy (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0·29 to 0.95, P = .03). Compared with 110 patients who received other therapy, 93 patients who received immunotherapy had prolonged the OS (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1·08–2·25, P = .02). Chemoradiotherapy increased the pathological response rate (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1·33–2·12, P < .0001), and grade 3 and 4 adverse effects were not increased (HR 5.90, 95% CI 0.88 to 39.60, P = .007). Immunotherapy increased the pathological response (HR 2.79, 95% CI 1·71–4·54, P < .0001), with no significant effects on grades 3 and 4 adverse(HR 0.71, 95% CI 0·19–2·64, P = .61). Conclusion: Our data showed that chemotherapy may prolong OS and PFS, but not statistically significant; however, the combination of chemotherapy and radiation did show an advantage, and immunotherapy may be also the choice for neoadjuvant therapy.
Evaluation of circulating serum cathelicidin levels as a potential biomarker to discriminate between active and latent tuberculosis in Uganda

Background Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem worldwide accounting for 1.4 million deaths annually. LL-37 is an effector molecule involved in immunity with both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was to compare LL-37 circulatory levels among participants with active and latent tuberculosis and to determine its ability to discriminate between the two infectious states. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 56 active tuberculosis patients, 49 latent tuberculosis individuals, and 43 individuals without tuberculosis infection. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess LL-37 levels. Data analysis was performed using STATA software and Graph pad Prism version 8. Mann-Whitney U test was used for correlation between variables with two categories and the Kruskal-Wallis test for three or more categories. Results The study had more female participants than males, with similar median ages across the three groups, 29.5, 25.0, and 23.0 years respectively. Active tuberculosis patients had significantly higher LL-37 levels compared to those with latent tuberculosis and without tuberculosis. The median/interquartile ranges were 318.8 ng/ml (157.9–547.1), 242.2 ng/ml (136.2–579.3), 170.9 ng/ml (129.3–228.3); p = 0.002 respectively. Higher LL-37 was found in the male participant with median/interquartile range, 424.8 ng/ml (226.2–666.8) compared to the females 237.7 ng/ml (129.6–466.6); p = 0.045. LL-37 had better discriminatory potential between active tuberculosis and no tuberculosis (AUC = 0.71, sensitivity 71.4% specificity = 69.8%) than with latent tuberculosis (AUC = 0.55, sensitivity = 71.4%, specificity = 44.9%). There was moderate differentiation between latent tuberculosis and no tuberculosis (AUC = 0.63, sensitivity = 44.9% specificity = 90.7%). Conclusion Significantly higher LL-37 levels were observed among active tuberculosis patients than those without tuberculosis infection and were, therefore able to discriminate between active tuberculosis and other tuberculosis infectious states, especially with no tuberculosis. Further assessment of this biomarker as a screening tool to exclude tuberculosis is required.
Sleep apnea plays a more important role on sleep N3 stage than chronic tinnitus in adults

Sleep apnea is negatively associated with N3 sleep in children. However, the association between tinnitus and sleep N3 stage was still inconclusive. We aimed to clarify the relationship between sleep apnea, chronic tinnitus, and sleep N3 stage in adults. Clinical and overnight polysomnography data of 2847 adults were collected retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate linear regression was used to test the impacts of sleep apnea indices and chronic tinnitus on the percentage of sleep N3 stage in all adults. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that sleep apnea indices, chronic tinnitus, age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, subjective insomnia, sleep efficiency, and rapid eye movement sleep were significantly associated with sleep N3 stage. However, multivariate linear regression showed that apnea–hyponea index, but not chronic tinnitus, has a significant negative association with the percentage of sleep N3 stage. Sleep apnea plays a more important role on sleep N3 stage than chronic tinnitus in adults.