Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between frailty and coronary heart disease in the elderly

Objective To prospectively analyze the impact of frailty on the short-term outcomes of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its related factors. Methods A total of 505 patients aged ≥65 years, with diagnosis of CHD in Cardiology Department and Geriatrics Department in our hospital were selected. Clinical data including geriatrics syndromes were collected by using Comprehensive Geriatrics Assessment (CGA). Frailty was defined according to the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). The impact of the comorbid conditions on the risk was quantified by the coronary artery disease-specific index. Patients were followed up by clinic visit or telephone consultation. Following-up items included recurrence of all-cause mortality, recurrence of cardiovascular events, and unscheduled returned visit. The impact of frailty on the prognosis of coronary heart disease was analyzed by Cox regression. Results Of the 505 patients, 221 patients (43.76%) were considered to be frail elderly, in whom 126 patients (24.95%) were assessed as moderately to severely frail elderly. The incidences of comorbidities and geriatrics syndrome including incontinence, fall history, visual impairment, hearing impairment, constipation, chronic pain, sleeping disorder, dental problems, anxiety or depression, and delirium were higher in frail patients than in non-frail patients〔51.1% (113/221)vs. 30.6% (87/284), 31.2% (69/221) vs. 19.0% (54/284), 43.9% (97/221) vs. 29.9% (85/284), 49.3% (109/221) vs. 29.6% (84/284), 60.2% (133/221) vs. 33.8% (96/284), 62.0% (137/221) vs. 46.8% (133/284), 49.3% (109/221) vs. 37.7% (107/284), 79.2% (175/221) vs. 55.6% (158/284), 11.3% (25/221) vs. 6.0% (17/284), 2.7% (6/221) vs. 0 (0/284), χ2=21.831, 10.053, 10.510, 20.519, 34.894, 11.481, 6.886, 30.695, 4.624, 7.803, respectively, all P<0.05〕. After adjusting for sex, age, severity of illness and other coexist factors, the Cox survival analysis showed that frailty was the independent risk predictor for the all-cause mortality and unscheduled return visit in CHD patients (HR=2.881 and 1.835, 95%CI: 1.591-5.215 and 1.458-2.311, both P<0.001). Conclusions Comprehensive Geriatrics Assessment and Clinical Frail Scale are useful to evaluate the clinical features in elderly CHD patients. Frailty is the independent risk predictor for the short-term prognosis including all-cause mortality and unscheduled return visit in elderly CHD patients. Key words: Coronary disease; Frail elderly; Risk assessment
The Karyotype of Hynobius chinensis

Hynobius chinensis was re-discovered by Wang et al.from the type locality in 2005,116 years after its first description,which proves that H.chinensis is a true Hynobius species.In this paper,the karyotype of H.chinensis from the type locality was described by using embryos and staining with Giemsa.The results indicated that all individuals had a diploid number of 56 chromosomes and can be divided into four groups:the first group contained large biarmed m,sm,st chromosomes(Nos.1-9);Nos.10-13 composed the second,medium-sized group which contained m and sm chromosomes;the third group was composed of 5 pairs of metacentric chromosomes(Nos.14-18);the fourth group included 10(Nos.19-28)uniarmed microchromosomes.The results indicated that the karyotype of H.chinensis was similar to that of the other species with 2n=56 chromosomes.Although there were also some differences in the centromere type and grouping,the diploid chromosome number is not changed.
Inhibitory Effects of Methanol Extract, Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids from the Leaves of Eucalyptus darylmpleana against 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical

The inhibitory effects of the leaves of Eucalyptus darylmpleana (Myrtaceae) on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was examined. The scavenging effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of Eucalyptus darylmpleana leaves on DPPH radical was stronger than the other fractions, and further purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, quercetin , quercetin and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside were isolated and elucidated by spectroscopic data. Among these components, gallic acid and quercetin exhibited potent scavenging activities on DPPH radical with values of 6.02 and , respectively.
HLA DRB1 and HLA DQB1 Alleles in Bulgarian Patients with Primary and Secondary Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Abstract Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease with multifactorial and polygenic pathogenesis. Recently, the genetic predisposition in APS has been subjected to wide discussion. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DRB1 and DQB1 loci in Bulgarian population of healthy persons and patients with primary (PAPS) and secondary (SAPS) APS. Patients are divided in 5 groups: I-29 patents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with SAPS, II-35 patients with PAPS, III-32 women with spontaneous abortions without aPL, IV-15 patients with different thrombosis (deep venous thromboses, pulmonary embolism, mesenterial thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke) without laboratory data for APS, and V-16 SLE patients without clinical and laboratory data for APS. SAPS patients have more frequently DRB1*03 and DQB1*02 and more rarely DRB1*11 and DQB1*03 in comparison with healthy subjects and patients with PAPS. Patents with PAPS, those with spontaneous abortions and patients with thrombotic events but without antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have DRB1*03, DRB1*11, DQB1*02 and DQB1*03 alleles similar to the general population. There are no differences between group I (SLE+APS) and group V (SLE) in DRB1* and DQB1*alleles.
Evaluation of various risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant organisms isolated from diabetic foot ulcer patients

AIMS: Diabetic foot ulcer is a dreaded complication of diabetes. Diabetic foot ulcer patients are often infected with multidrug resistant organism (MDRO) due to chronic course of the wound, inappropriate antibiotics treatment, frequent hospital admission, neuropathy, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in our 750 bedded hospital for a period of 6 months. The present study was undertaken to isolate various MDRO methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Gram-negative bacteria producing enzymes such as extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), Amp C, Carbapenamases; Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species producing metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL). In addition we attempted to identify risk factors for association of diabetic foot ulcer and MDRO. RESULTS: A total of 149 bacterial isolates were identified. Of the total isolates 73.2% were Gram-negative and remaining 26.8% were Gram-positive bacteria. Among Enterobacteriaceae 59% were ESBL producers and 48% were Amp C producers. In addition, 41.5% of the isolates produced both ESBL and Amp C and 13.4% were carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Among 20 Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter isolates, 5 were MBL producers (25%). Furthermore, in the study, 56% of patients with diabetic foot ulcer harbored MDRO. The risk of multidrug-resistant infection is significantly more in patients having diabetes duration >20 years and size of ulcer more than 4 cm2. CONCLUSION: The detection of MDRO in patients of diabetic foot ulcer changes the treatment strategies limits the antimicrobial options and causes higher complications among them.
Binds to the Mannose Receptor (CD206) Tracer for Cancer Sentinel Lymph Nodes, -Tilmanocept, a New Radiopharmaceutical γ

g -Tilmanocept ( 99m Tc-labeled-tilmanocept or [ 99m Tc]-tilmanocept) is the ﬁrst mannose-containing, receptor-directed, radiolabeled tracer for the highly sensitive imaging of sentinel lymph nodes in solid tumor staging. To elucidate the mannose-binding receptor that retains tilmanocept in this microenvironment, human macrophages were used that have high expression of the C-type lectin mannose receptor (MR; CD206). Cy3-labeled tilmanocept exhibited high speciﬁcity binding to macrophages that was nearly abolished in competitive inhibition experiments. Furthermore, Cy3-tilmanocept binding was markedly reduced on macrophages deﬁcient in the MR by small interfering RNA treatment and was increased on MR-transfected HEK 293 cells. Finally, confocal microscopy revealed colocalization of Cy3-tilmanocept with the macrophage membrane MR and binding of labeled tilmanocept to MR + cells (macrophages and/or dendritic cells) in human sentinel lymph node tissues. Together these data provide strong evidence that CD206 is a major binding receptor for g -tilmanocept. Identiﬁcation of CD206 as the g -tilmanocept–binding receptor enables opportunities for designing receptor-targeted advanced imaging agents and therapeutics for cancer and other diseases. The Journal of Immunology , 2015, 195: 000–000. he precise progression or staging of malignancies in cancer patients relies on the meticulous detection of lymph node metastases. g -Tilmanocept, also known as [ 99m Tc]-labeled-tilmanocept or [ 99m Tc]-tilmanocept, and/or LYVE-1), followed by ﬂuorescence-conjugated secondary Abs (AF555-conjugated donkey anti- mouse and AF549-conjugated goat anti-rabbit) as described earlier. Tilmanocept binding to MR + and DC-SIGN + cells was analyzed by a laser scanning confocal microscope.
EFFECT OF INORGANIC OR ORGANIC COPPER ADDITIONS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, LIPID METABOLISM AND MORPHOLOGY OF ORGANS OF DUAL-PURPOSE BREEDING HENS

1 Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt 2 Department of Poultry Nutrition, APRI, ARC, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Egypt 3 Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of agriculture-Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt 4 Department of Scienze Zootecniche e Ispezione degli alimenti, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy Manuskript eingegangen am 6. Juli 2010, angenommen am 20. September 2010
Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Involved in Suan-Cai Using PCR- DGGE

In order to reveal the diversity and predominant microflora of lactic acid bacteria in traditional natural fermented Suan-cai in China. Five samples of naturally fermented suan-cai broth were collected in the study. Diversity of lactic acid bacteria was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE). The results indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus curvatus were the predominant microflora in samples. Coccishaped strains of Pediococcus sp. and Lactococcus lactis were also identified in some samples. Interestingly,Lactobacillus hammesii and Lactobacillus odoratitofui were only found in DGGE profiles,differently from previous literature reports using the traditional method.
Genetic evaluation of migratory fish: Implications for conservation and stocking programs

Abstract Fish stocking programs have been implemented to mitigate the blockage of original riverbeds by the construction of hydropower dams, which affects the natural migration of fish populations. However, this method raises concerns regarding the genetic rescue of the original populations of migratory fish species. We investigated the spatial distribution of genetic properties, such as genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow (migration), of the Neotropical migratory fish Prochilodus costatus in the Três Marias dam in the São Francisco River basin, Brazil, and examined the possible effects of fish stocking programs on P. costatus populations in this region. In total, 1,017 specimens were sampled from 12 natural sites and a fish stocking program, and genotyped for high‐throughput sequencing at 8 microsatellite loci. The populations presented low genetic variability, with evidence of inbreeding and the presence of only four genetic pools; three pools were observed throughout the study region, and the fourth was exclusive to one area in the Paraopeba River. Additionally, we identified high unidirectional gene flow between regions, and a preferred migratory route between the Pará River and the upper portion of the São Francisco River. The fish stocking program succeeded in transposing the genetic pools from downstream to upstream of the Três Marias dam, but, regrettably, promoted genetic homogenization in the upper São Francisco River basin. Moreover, the data show the fragility of this species at the genetic level. This monitoring strategy could be a model for the development of conservation and management measures for migratory fish populations that are consumed by humans.
March of Mycobacterium: miRNAs intercept host cell CD40 signalling

The disease tuberculosis is fatal if untreated. It is caused by the acid‐fast bacilli Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium resides and replicates within the alveolar macrophages, causing inflammation and granuloma, wherein macrophage‐T cell interactions enhance the inflammation‐causing pulmonary caseous lesions. The first interactions between Mycobacterium and the receptors on macrophages decide the fate of Mycobacterium because of phagolysosomal impairments and the expression of several miRNAs, which may regulate CD40 expression on macrophages. While the altered phagolysosomal functions impede antigen presentation to the T cell‐expressed antigen receptor, the interactions between the macrophage‐expressed CD40 and the T cell‐expressed CD40‐ligand (CD40L or CD154) provide signals to T cells and Mycobacterium‐infected macrophages. These two functions significantly influence the resolution or persistence of Mycobacterium infection. CD40 controls T‐cell polarisation and host‐protective immunity by eliciting interleukin‐12p40, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and IFN‐γ production. Indeed, CD40‐deficient mice succumb to low‐dose aerosol infection with Mycobacterium because of deficient interleukin (IL)‐12 production leading to impaired IFN‐γ‐secreting T‐cell response. In contrast, despite generating fewer granulomas, the CD40L‐deficient mice developed anti‐mycobacterial T‐cell responses to the levels observed in the wild‐type mice. These host‐protective responses are significantly subdued by the Mycobacterium‐infected macrophage produced TGF‐β and IL‐10, which promote pro‐mycobacterial T‐cell responses. The CD40‐CD40L‐induced counteractive immune responses against Mycobacterium thus present a conundrum that we explain here with a reconciliatory hypothesis. Experimental validation of the hypothesis will provide a rationale for designing anti‐tubercular immunotherapy.
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins in the Light of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Statins, the lipid-lowering drugs, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a lipid-related pathology, share a complex relationship, one known to be hepatotoxic and other being hepatic injury. NASH is an unresolved mystery in terms of treatment. Could statins prove to be a promising solution due to their pleiotropic properties in addition to the cholesterol-lowering effect? This study aims to find statin effectiveness in NAFLD/NASH treatment and prevention of associated adverse outcomes. An extensive data search was done to identify the studies assessing statin effect on NAFLD/NASH and then analyzed to establish the relationship. Several studies demonstrated a reduction in NAFLD/NASH-associated inflammation and fibrosis with statin treatment. These anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects were through their pleiotropic properties, which were in addition to their cholesterol-lowering effect. In various animal studies, statins were found to improve hepatic lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and fibrosis associated with NASH through multiple pathways. Statins exert these protective effects by recovering the gene expression level of peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and therefore restore the mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Statin treatment also increased the levels of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant and antiatherogenic enzyme that is reduced in NAFLD as well as encounter the hepatic lipotoxicity by resolving cholesterol crystals and Kupffer cells (KCs) with crown-like structures (CLSs). They exhibited antitumor properties by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and vascular proliferative factors. Moreover, they restored a healthy liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) along with inhibiting the activation of HSC via modulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Besides, they were protective against cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related morbidity and mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and metabolic syndrome (MS) associated with NAFLD/NASH. NASH and its precursor, NAFLD, could be treated and prevented with statins owing to their pleiotropic properties. This study helps to prove this by looking back at different literature and has successfully enlightened the point. Once proved through large clinical trials on humans, it could revolutionize the NASH therapy.
PREVALENCE OF MARES’ GRANULOSA THECA CELL TUMOR (GTCT) IN INDONESIA

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of mares’ GTCT in Indonesia. Ultrasound examination of ovaries were performed on mares in Java and Madura Island of Indonesia. Thirteen mares had been affected by GTCT from 2913 number of examinations. The prevalence rate of GTCT during year 2006 and 2007 were 4.71% and 5.56%, respectively followed by a decrease in prevalence rate of GTCT during 2008-2014. The reproductive cycle in a mare with GTCT had returned to normal 6 months after ovariectomy.
Role of Mass Media and Public Health Communications in the COVID-19 Pandemic

In Dec 2019, a novel pathogen emerged, and within weeks, led to the emergence of the biggest global health crises seen to date. The virus called ‘SARS-CoV-2’, causes coronavirus disease which was named ‘COVID-19’ by the World Health Organization (WHO). The speedy spread of this infection globally became a source of public worry and several unknowns regarding this new pathogen created a state of panic. Mass media became the major source of information about the novel coronavirus. Much like the previous pandemics of SARS (2003), H1N1 (2009), and MERS (2012), the media significantly contributed to the COVID-19 infodemics. In this review, we analyze the role of mass media and public health communications from December 31, 2019 to July 15, 2020, and make scientific inferences. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights multiple social, cultural, and economic issues arising from the media’s arguable role. The racial prejudices linked to the origin of the virus prevented collaborations among scientists to find a solution. Media coverage of coronavirus news during geographical lockdowns, extended quarantines, and financial and social hardships induced fear and caused psychological stress. Domestic and elderly abuse upsurged. The unscientific cures and unverified medicines endorsed by the politicians and fake doctors proved harmful. The media played a worldwide role in coronavirus disease tracking and updates through live updates dashboard. The media allowed for timely interventions by the Center For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), enabling a rapid and widespread reach of public health communications. We saw an upward trend for the promotion of health and hygiene practices worldwide by adaption of safe health practices such as increased hand washing, use of face coverings, and social distancing. Media reinforced illness-preventing guidelines daily, and people were encouraged to use telehealth to meet their healthcare needs. Mass media has an imperative role in today’s world and it can provide a unified platform for all public health communications, comprehensive healthcare education guidelines, and robust social distancing strategies while still maintaining social connections. It can enable equal access to healthcare, end discrimination, and social stigmatization. The role of media and public health communications must be understood and explored further as they will be an essential tool for combating COVID-19 and future outbreaks.
Polymorphic Analysis of Leptin Promoter in Obese/diabetic Subjects in Kashmiri Population

Background: The role of common variants in leptin promoter has already been established to play a major role in obesity and diabetes in humans. The study was accordingly focused on leptin promoter variants and their potential association with diabetes and obesity in ethnic population from Kashmir, India. Methods: Allele frequencies of 620 Kashmiri subjects with diabetes (200), obese subjects (200), and ethnically matched healthy controls (200) were tested for the Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium. Among 200 obese subjects, a total of 50 persons were with diabetes. The genotype and allele frequencies were evaluated using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Results: Sequence analysis revealed two reported variations i.e., rs72563764C>T and rs7799039G>A in promoter region. Both variants show homozygous as well as heterozygous genotypes. These variations indicated significant difference with respect to allelic and genotypic frequencies in all groups i.e., persons with diabetes, obese, and obese persons with diabetes (P < 0.05). We also analyzed the association of these variations with biochemical characteristics and found significant association of rs72563764C>T with triglycerides (TG) in obese patients and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and random blood sugar (RBS) in obese/persons with diabetes. Also rs7799039G>A showed association with postprandial plasma sugar (PPPS) in obese patients and FPG and resting plasma glucose (RPG) in obese persons with diabetes. Conclusions: Our results are suggestive of the association of leptin promoter gene variations i.e., rs72563764C>T and rs7799039G>A with both diabetes and obesity.
Point of Care Neurosonogram in Neonates - Utility and Prognostic Value

The study aimed to utilize the neurosonographic findings in neonates in early diagnosis, prediction of their long-term outcome, parental counseling, and early intervention. The study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Shri BM Patil Medical College and Hospital. All preterms and term babies with neurological clinical findings were included in the study. Neurosonogram was done within first 7 days in preterms and when indicated in terms. Philips HD11XE ultrasound and color Doppler unit were used with a small footprint probe. Color Doppler images for vessels were performed for screening of vascular changes. A total of 215 babies were included, of which 80 (32%) were term and the rest were preterm. Mean weight of term babies was 2.8 kg and that of preterm was 1.2 kg.Among term babies, 78% showed ultrasound abnormality, and among preterm, 42%showed abnormalities. Among term babies, 60% and, among preterms, 30% had birth asphyxia. Periventricular leukomalacia was the most common and earliest finding followed by thalamic hyperechogenicity and intracranial hemorrhage. Intraventricular hemorrhage was more common in preterm babies. Other common finding in NICU was meningitis which was more common in pretrms. Among congenital anomalies, corpus callosal agenesis was more common. Point of care ultrasonography along with Doppler study is very useful and safe to use in NICUs. It helps in diagnosis, patient management as well as prediction of many short- and long-term outcomes.