Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Watch your Weight Reinforcement Learning

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have been a crucial driver behind the recent successes of deep re-inforcement learning (RL). While allowing for a tremendous scale-up to high dimensional domains like robot-control or GO they have also introduced various difﬁculties into the training process, that have been addressed by methods like double Q-learning to stabilize learning. However, the role of the weights is normally limited to a storage object. This work connects the information in the weights via a PAC-Bayes bound to generalisation across a distribution of environments and showcases maximum-entropy and exploration via noise injection as places to exploit the connection of information in weights and activations.
Molecular phylogeny of Kazimierzus Plisko, 2006 (Clitellata, Kazimierzidae) from the Western and Northern Cape Province inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences

Species identification of earthworms using morphology can be challenging and inconclusive as homoplasy in many characters is high. The use of molecular DNA technology, such as the use of conserved regions in mtDNA and nuclear DNA has unravelled the phylogenetic background of several earthworm species. The current study utilised the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial marker to reconstruct the phylogeny of Kazimierzus Plisko, 2006 species from the Western and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. Phylogenetic reconstructions were implemented using Bayesian Inference, as well as Maximum Likelihood. Both tree building methods adhered to the monophyly of the majority of the taxa. Results showed that species fell into two clades and validated eleven currently known Kazimierzus species (K. circulatus (Plisko, 1998), K. franciscus (Pickford, 1975), K. guntheri (Pickford, 1975), K. hamerae (Plisko, 1998), K. kleinoodi Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. nietvoorbiji Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. nieuwoudtvillensis Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. occidualis (Plisko, 1998), K. pearsonianus (Pickford, 1975), K. phumlani Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. sophieae (Plisko, 2002)). Cryptic diversity is evident in K. occidualis with genetic diverAfrican Invertebrates 61(2): 83–92 (2020) doi: 10.3897/AfrInvertebr.61. 53380 http://africaninvertebrates.pensoft. net Copyright Thembeka Clara Nxele et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. RESEARCH ARTICLE Thembeka Clara Nxele et al. / African Invertebrates 61(2): 83–92 (2020) 84 gence greater than 12% amongst populations. Kazimierzus franciscus and K. ljungstroemi (Pickford, 1975) have a low genetic variability suggesting close relatedness or probably conspecificity. A group of specimens from Clanwilliam are morphologically identical to K. sophieae, but are genetically distinct and may belong to undescribed species. This study demonstrates the importance of integrative taxonomy in earthworms in order to present reliable taxonomic and biogeographic data.
NS2FMC: Steganography-based Sensor-Fog Paradigm for Mission-Critical Applications

—Mission-critical applications refer to real-time applications which require faster and secure service provisioning, such as defense, critical health-care, disaster management. This paper proposes a delay-aware and secure service provisioning model for these applications speciﬁcally in defense, which is a vital sector for a country’s all-round well-being including security, safety, society and economy. In the existing sensor-cloud models for mission-critical applications, the sensor nodes have small coverage and the use of the long distant cloud servers for data processing and storage may not be a good option where delay plays a vital role in case of monitoring an unmanned area. Moreover, data hiding for security purposes is another important aspect of this ﬁeld. This paper proposes NS2FMC (Network Coding and Steganography-based Sensor-Fog paradigm for Mission-Critical Applications) to address these challenges. Here, steganography is used for hiding data during transmission to the fog node or cloud servers. A method based on deep learning, has been also proposed which analyses the spatial information to ﬁnd the optimal path to the victim region when a disaster happens. The results demonstrate that NS2FMC has ∼ (18 − 40) % lower execution delay , and ∼ (40 − 80) % lower power consumption than the existing frameworks.
The Effect of Management Core Competencies on Universities & Higher Education Institutions’ Quality Assurance: Zahedan University Case Study

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of management core competencies on universities and higher education institutions’ quality assurance. The population of the study was all faculty members of the Zahedan University in 2014-2015 academic year. Based on the Cochran formula, 160 out of 300 faculty members were selected using stratified random sampling method. Two researchermade questionnaires were employed for this study. The reliability coefficient values for the questionnaire of management core competencies and the questionnaire of quality assurance were 0.79 and 0.72, respectively. The results of the study showed that management core competencies had a positive effect on universities and higher education institutions’ quality assurance.
Automatic Data Augmentation for Generalization in Reinforcement Learning

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents often fail to generalize beyond their training environments. To alleviate this problem, recent work has proposed the use of data augmentation. However, different tasks tend to beneﬁt from different types of augmentations and selecting the right one typically requires expert knowledge. In this paper, we introduce three approaches for automatically ﬁnding an effective augmentation for any RL task. These are combined with two novel regularization terms for the policy and value function, required to make the use of data augmentation theoretically sound for actor-critic algorithms. Our method achieves a new state-of-the-art 1 on the Procgen benchmark and outperforms popular RL algorithms on DeepMind Control tasks with distractors. In addition, our agent learns policies and representations which are more robust to changes in the environment that are irrelevant for solving the task, such as the background. Our code is available at https://github.com/rraileanu/auto-drac .
Study on the succession of insect pests of brinjal

During the studies on the insect pests succession revealed that a total of eight insect species were found associated with brinjal crop at different crop growth stages. The first attack on the crop appeared in the one week after transplantation and continued up to till crop harvested. Pests were found attacking on the crop were jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphids(Aphis gossypii), white fly (Bemisia tabaci), leaf roller (Eublemma olivacae), shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), leaf webber (Psara bipunctalis) and grass hopper(Chrotogonus spp.). Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) was recorded as major pest. Jassids (A. biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (A. gossypii Glov.) and epilachna beetle (E. viginitioctopunctata F.) were found to damage the crop moderately. Other insects pests recorded on the crop were of less importance and extent of damage caused by them was found without much economic loss.
Evaluation of the mating disruption method for the control of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and comparison of this method with insecticidal treatments

In a cotton field in Central Greece, the mating disruption method was applied aiming to the control of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella. For this reason, two commercially available slow release pheromone formulations, PB-Rope and SELIBATE, were used. The effectiveness of the method was compared to the infestation levels recorded at a neighboring cotton field of equal size, where three insecticidal treatments had taken place. Every field was divided in six blocks of equal size and two pheromone traps were placed in each of these blocks. The seed used belonged to Zeta-2 and Allegria cotton varieties. The traps were checked daily while 100 fruiting bodies and 20 leaves per block were randomly collected every week. In two of the blocks of the pheromone-treated field an insecticidal spray was applied in mid-August. The infestation rates in these two blocks were not significantly different compared to the rates recorded in the untreated blocks. At the same time, treatments resulted in an abrupt increase of the population of leaf feeding insects, mainly of aphids. Moth catches in the pheromone-treated field were recorded after the first week of September while in the insecticide-treated field the number of moths caught was very high, even between treatments. No significant difference was noticed between the two methods; also, no significant differences were found in the infestation levels between the two cotton varieties used. A considerably greater number of larvae were found in pheromone-treated than in insecticide-treated blocks, in unharvested bolls which were collected in mid-October.
Estimation of the basic reproduction number (𝑅0) of the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran

Background: Estimation of the basic reproduction number of an infectious disease is an important issue for controlling the infection. Here, we aimed to estimate the basic reproduction number (𝑅0) of COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: To estimate 𝑅0 in Iran and Tehran, the capital, we used 3 different methods: exponential growth rate, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian time-dependent. Daily number of confirmed cases and serial intervals with a mean of 4.27 days and a standard deviation of 3.44 days with gamma distribution were used. Sensitivity analysis was performed to show the importance of generation time in estimating 𝑅0. Results: The epidemic was in its exponential growth 11 days after the beginning of the epidemic (Feb 19, 2020) with doubling time of 1.74 (CI: 1.58-1.93) days in Iran and 1.83 (CI: 1.39-2.71) in Tehran. Nationwide, the value of 𝑅0 from February 19 to 29 using exponential growth method, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian time-dependent methods was 4.70 (95% CI: 4.23-5.23), 3.90 (95% CI: 3.47- 4.36), and 3.23 (95% CI: 2.94-3.51), respectively. In addition, in Tehran, 𝑅0 was 5.14 (95% CI: 4.15-6.37), 4.20 (95% CI: 3.38-5.14), and 3.94 (95% CI: 3.45-4.40) for exponential growth, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian time-dependent methods, respectively. Bayesian time dependent methods usually provide less biased estimates. The results of sensitivity analyses demonstrated that changes in the mean generation time affect estimates of 𝑅0. Conclusion: The estimate of 𝑅0 for the COVID-19 ranged from 3.94 to 5.14 in Tehran and from 3.23 to 4.70 in nationwide using different methods, which were significantly larger than 1, indicating the potential of COVID-19 to cause an outbreak.
FEMALE’S GENDER ROLE CONFLICT Female’s gender role conflict: The moderation effect of gender role self-concept on the relationship between masculine versus feminine personality states and well-being

Despite the advancement of women in the workplace and only a few differences between the behaviour of male and female managers, women in leadership positions within businesses are still a minority. It is much easier for men to be perceived as successful leaders since the stereotypical characteristics of men overlap with the stereotypical characteristics of good leaders. Thus, there is a dilemma with regard to what is expected from female leaders. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between females’ expression of masculine versus feminine personality states and subjective well-being (i.e., positive and negative affect) as well as the possible moderation effect of gender role self-concept. All together 64 female leaders participated in the present study over five consecutive days. The results showed that the expression of both masculine and feminine personality states leads to an increase in positive affect. Furthermore, our findings suggest that there is a moderation effect of gender role self-concept on the above mentioned relationship. The hypotheses were partially supported. These results extend previous research on the effects of gender role conflict on well-being, as well as provide another perspective on why female leaders face a double bind.
Lymph Node Dissection Following Radical Prostatectomy

INTRODUCTION Despite advances in standard-of-care treatment for prostate cancer, including pelvic radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy with lymph node dissection, biochemical recurrence remains a problem with some studies reporting up to 30% of patients with biochemical recurrence at 10-years following treatment. Upon detection of a rise in serum prostate-specific antigen following treatment, clinicians are left with the dilemma of how best to treat these patients. Frequently, these patients are restaged with CT of the abdomen and pelvis or MRI of the pelvis in addition to a nuclear medicine bone scan. However, detection of recurrent disease both within the prostate gland/prostatectomy bed and in the region of pelvic lymph nodes remains challenging and is limited by size criteria per RECIST 1.1. [F]Fluciclovine PET imaging has improved detection of these previously occult metastases and helped guide treatment planning. In some select patients, a targeted lymphadenectomy may be the treatment of choice if the PET-avid disease is limited to a solitary lymph node site of spread. However, this concept has not been well described in the literature and here we provide 3 cases and short-term outcomes of patients that underwent [F]fluciclovine PET guided surgical excision of their biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.
Capital Heterogeneity, Volatility Shock, and the Value Premium

I propose an investment-based asset pricing model augmented with intangible capital and transient volatility shock. Already-acquired intangible capital and new R&D investment are complementary inputs in knowledge production. The distinctive evolutionary dynamics of intangible capital as opposed to that of physical capital mitigate the negative impact of temporary volatility shock on output. Physical-capital-intensive value firms are thus more exposed to volatility shock and require more premium. Moreover, the expected return of value firms surges conditionally upon a temporary volatility shock. As a result, the value premium is unconditionally positive ex ante and the realized return of value-minus-growth portfolio plummets to negative after major transient second-moment shocks such as the Loma Prieta Earthquake or the 9/11 terrorist attack. JEL classification: E22, E23, G11, G12.
Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Values of Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study in Emergency Room

Accuracy of diagnostic tests is essential for suspected cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to assess the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) of molecular and serological tests for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 346 consenting, adult patients were enrolled at the emergency room of IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Italy. We evaluated three RT-PCR methods including six different gene targets; five serologic rapid diagnostic tests (RDT); one ELISA test. The final classification of infected/not infected patients was performed using Latent Class Analysis in combination with clinical re-assessment of incongruous cases and was the basis for the main analysis of accuracy. Of 346 patients consecutively enrolled, 85 (24.6%) were classified as infected. The molecular test with the highest sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was RQ-SARS-nCoV-2 with 91.8% (C.I. 83.8-96.6), 100% (C.I. 98.6-100.0), 100.0% (C.I. 95.4-100.0) and 97.4% (C.I. 94.7-98.9) respectively, followed by CDC 2019-nCoV with 76.2% (C.I. 65.7-84.8), 99.6% (C.I. 97.9-100.0), 98.5% (C.I. 91.7-100.0) and 92.9% (C.I. 89.2-95.6) and by in-house test targeting E-RdRp with 61.2% (C.I. 50.0-71.6), 99.6% (C.I. 97.9-100.0), 98.1% (C.I. 89.9-100.0) and 88.7% (C.I. 84.6-92.1). The analyses on single gene targets found the highest sensitivity for S and RdRp of the RQ-SARS-nCoV-2 (both with sensitivity 94.1%, C.I. 86.8-98.1). The in-house RdRp had the lowest sensitivity (62.4%, C.I. 51.2-72.6). The specificity ranged from 99.2% (C.I. 97.3-99.9) for in-house RdRp and N2 to 95.0% (C.I. 91.6-97.3) for E. The PPV ranged from 97.1% (C.I. 89.8-99.6) of N2 to 85.4% (C.I. 76.3-92.00) of E, and the NPV from 98.1% (C.I. 95.5-99.4) of gene S to 89.0% (C.I. 84.8-92.4) of in-house RdRp. All serological tests had <50% sensitivity and low PPV and NPV. One RDT (VivaDiag IgM) had high specificity (98.5%, with PPV 84.0%), but poor sensitivity (24.7%). Molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection showed excellent specificity, but significant differences in sensitivity. As expected, serological tests have limited utility in a clinical context.
A Systematic Review of the Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in the Setting of Coronavirus-19 Disease

The impact of coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19), has been profound. Though COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, it has also been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) manifestations portending extremely poor prognosis. The principal hypothesis for CV involvement is through direct myocardial infection and systemic inflammation. We conducted a systematic review of the current literature to provide a foundation for understanding the CV manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19. PubMed and EMBASE databases were electronically searched from the inception of the databases through 27 April 2020. A second literature review was conducted to include major trials and guidelines that were published after the initial search but before submission. The inclusion criteria for studies to be eligible were case reports, case series, and observation studies reporting CV outcomes among patients with COVID-19 infection. This review of the current COVID-19 disease and CV outcomes literature revealed a myriad of CV manifestations with potential avenues for treatment and prevention. Future studies are required to understand on a more mechanistic level the effect of COVID-19 on the myocardium and thus provide avenues to improve mortality and morbidity.
Mask-associated ‘de novo’ headache in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) has changed care activities of health professionals. We analysed the possible association between the appearance of ‘de novo’ headache according to the type of mask used, the related factors and the impact of the cephalalgia on health professionals. Methods Cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Extremadura, Spain. We provided an online questionnaire to healthcare workers during the period of maximum incidence of COVID-19 in our setting. Results The subjects are n=306, 244 women (79.7%), with an average age of 43 years (range 23–65). Of the total, 129 (42.2%) were physicians, 112 (36.6%) nurses and 65 (21.2%) other health workers. 208 (79.7%) used surgical masks and 53 (20.3%) used filter masks. Of all those surveyed, 158 (51.6%) presented ‘de novo’ headache. The occurrence of a headache was independently associated with the use of a filter mask, OR 2.14 (95% CI 1.07 to 4.32); being a nurse, OR 2.09 (95% CI 1.18 to 3.72) or another health worker, OR 6.94 (95% CI 3.01 to 16.04); or having a history of asthma, OR 0.29 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.89). According to the type of mask used, there were differences in headache intensity, and the impact of a headache in the subjects who used a filter mask was worse in all the aspects evaluated. Conclusion The appearance of ‘de novo’ headache is associated with the use of filter masks and is more frequent in certain healthcare workers, causing a greater occupational, family, personal and social impact.
To study the effect of fertilizer doses, organic manure and biofertilizers on yield attributes and yield of urdbean (Vigna mungo L.)

A field experiment entitled “Effect of fertilizer doses, organic manure and biofertilizers on yield and economics of urdbean (Vigna mungo L.)” was conducted during kharif season of 2017 at the Research cum Instructional Farm, under all India Coordinated Research Project on MULLaRP, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, I.G. K.V. Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The urdbean var. Indira urd pratham was sown on 18th July, 2017 using experimental techniques of factorial randomized block design with three replications and sixteen treatments. The treatment consisted of four fertilizer doses, two organic manure and two biofertilizer treatments. Application of 125% RDF followed by 100 % RDF and 5 t FYM ha recorded higheston yield attributes and yield of urdbean.
Geology, tectonic evolution and Late Palaeozoic magmatism of Sudetes–an overview

The Sudetic segment of the Variscides, together with adjacent areas, experienced multistage accretion during successive collisional events that occurred between Middle Devonian and Late Carboniferous times and followed closure of various segments of the Rheic Ocean. Variscan tectonostratigraphic units exposed in Sudetes are tectonically juxtaposed and often carry a record of contrasting exhumation and cooling paths constrained by palaeontological and geochronological data. The main lithostratigraphical components of the Sudetic segment of the Variscan orogen are: (1) Neoproterozoic complexes derived from an active margin of the Gondwana continent and showing a record of magmatism and metamorphism related to the Cadomian (Panafrican) orogeny, (2) widespread Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician granitic intrusions mostly deformed into gneisses due to Variscan tectonism, (3) Ordovician to Devonian volcano-sedimentary basinal sequences deposited in a continental rift that evolved into an oceanic basin, (4) a low-grade metamorphosed ophiolitic complex of probable Late Silurian age, (5) Early/Middle Devonian to Early Carboniferous sedimentary sequences of actively extending continental margins, (6) Carboniferous granitoid massifs and (7) intramontane basins, superposed on (1) through (5) above, that were initiated in the latest Devonian and Early Carboniferous.
Length–weight, length-length and condition factor relationships of Labeo gonius (Hamilton) from Taunsa Barrage, River Indus, Pakistan

The present work reports the length–weight (LWR), length-length (LLR) and condition factor relationships for Labeo gonius collected from Taunsa Barrage, River Indus, Pakistan. The results of LWR (W = a TLb) indicated W = -2.4032 TL3.29, for L. gonius, representing positive allometric growth pattern. All LWRs and LLRs and condition factor relationships were found significantly correlated. Fork length and eye diameter showed isometric growth pattern with both total length and body weight; standard length, pelvic fin length and caudal fin width showed the same pattern only with TL; while head width and caudal fin length grew isometrically with an increase in body weight of the L. gonius. On the other hand, head length, snout length, mouth gap, body girth, dorsal fin length, pectoral fin length and anal fin length showed allometric growth with the increase in size of wild captured L. gonius. Mean condition factor (K) value was found 0.98±0.06 in this study. The results also showed significant correlations of wet body weight and all studied lengths of L. gonius with condition factor. Length–length relationships for Labeo gonius were unknown to Fish Base. The results of this work would be beneficial for sustainable management as well as fishery managers.