Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relative age effect is more than just participation bias in badminton

Background: Annual age grouping is a widely used strategy to allocate players to age categories for more equal and fair opportunities considering the developmental differences. Although it is a well-intended strategy, certain (dis)advantages occur because of the subtle age-related differences within the same age groups. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relative age effect among badminton players reaching the podium in the last three consecutive European U15, U17 and Junior (U19) Badminton Championships. Methods: A total of 288 medal owners from 20 countries were evaluated in the study. Chi-square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests were used to compare the obtained birth month distributions across the quartiles (Q), and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated in order to compare quartiles with each other. Results: Statistically significant relative age effects were determined favouring relatively older athletes in the total sample (χ2 = 82.278, p < .001). Statistically significant distribution differences were noted in both singles and doubles categories in total (χ2 = 18.778, p < .001; χ2 = 63.815, p < .001, respectively). Striking findings were determined in Q1–Q4 and Q2–Q4 comparisons as players in Q1 and Q2 were more than five and four times as likely to reach the podium than players in Q4, respectively. Conclusions: Results of this study confirm the presence of relative age effect among award-winning badminton players which goes beyond the classical participation trends findings, and stress the importance of the issue for talent development, selection and success.
PEMBERDAYAAN GENDER, PENDAPATAN PEREMPUAN DAN PENURUNAN KEMISKINAN: BUKTI DATA PANEL DARI KAWASAN BARAT INDONESIA

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction and examine the role of women's income as a mediating variable between gender empowerment and poverty reduction. This study uses panel data of 8 provinces from western Indonesia during the period 2010-2018. Hierarchical linear panel regression (HLPR) is employed to investigate the effect of gender empowerment on women's income and poverty reduction. Sobel test examines the role of women's income in mediating the effect of women's income on poverty reduction. Granger causality test is used to analyze the direction of causality between the three variables. The study points out that gender empowerment has a positive and significant effect on women's income but did not affect poverty reduction. Women's income has a negative and significant impact on the poverty rate. The existence of women's income mediates the effect of gender empowerment toward poverty reduction. The role of women's income mediates the relationship between the two variables is full mediation. Granger causality tests indicate that there is unidirectional causality from gender empowerment to women's income, and from poverty rate to gender empowerment.
Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards the human microbiome and antibiotic resistance: a qualitative study.

Background Antibiotic and dietary behaviour affect the human microbiome and influence antibiotic resistance development. Adolescents are a key demographic for influencing knowledge and behaviour change. Objectives To explore adolescents' knowledge and attitudes towards the microbiome and antibiotic resistance, and the capability, motivation and opportunity for educators to integrate microbiome teaching in schools. Methods Qualitative study informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and COM-B model. Six educational establishments were purposively selected by rural/city and socioeconomic status, within Gloucestershire, South West England in 2019. Forty 14-18-year olds participated in focus groups, and eight science or health educators participated in interviews. Data were analysed thematically, double-coded and mapped to the TDF/COM-B. Results Adolescents were aware of 'good microbes' in the body but lacked deeper knowledge. Adolescents' knowledge of, and intentions to use, antibiotics appropriately differed by their levels of scientific study. Adolescents lacked knowledge on the consequences of diet on the microbiome, and therefore lacked capability and motivation to change behaviour. Educators felt capable and motivated to teach microbiome topics but lacked opportunity though absence of topics in the national curriculum and lack of time to teach additional topics. Conclusions A disparity in knowledge of adolescents needs to be addressed through increasing antibiotic and microbiome topics in the national curriculum. Public antibiotic campaigns could include communication about the microbiome to increase awareness. Educational resources could motivate adolescents and improve their knowledge, skills and opportunity to improve diet and antibiotic use; so, supporting the UK antimicrobial resistance (AMR) national action plan.
Working Capital Management Policies in Indian Listed Firms: A State-Wise Analysis

The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of working capital policies on firms’ profitability. The study uses a panel data set of 829 manufacturing firms for the period from 2011 to 2017. Data is extracted from Prowess IQ database. An empirical model is used for testing research hypotheses. The results show that all firms across Indian states follow conservative financing and investment policy. The conservative investment policy positively affects return on assets, whereas the conservative financing policy negatively affects return on assets and therefore firms’ financial sustainability. Regulators, policymakers, investors, and financial managers in Indian manufacturing companies are advised to follow a conservative investment and financing policy, which is effective and efficient in boosting firms’ profitability for attaining financial sustainability. Therefore, manufacturing firms should invest more in current assets, because they need to expand both inventories and trade credit to their customers. Moreover, financial managers are advised to favor a low level of debt in financing assets. Apart from previous literature, which was either descriptive or based on a small sample size, the present study makes a novel and significant contribution by bridging an existing gap through applying a panel fixed- and random-effect model for a large sample: 829 firms. Furthermore, the business environment in India is somewhat different from that of other countries around the globe, which makes investigating working capital policies in the Indian contexts an interesting endeavor.
Ethnobotanical study of edible wild plants in Ensaro district, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia

Background: Ethiopia is one of the biodiversity-rich countries in Africa. Most rural communities are highly dependent on forest products including edible wild plants. Thus, many plant taxa are under greater threats before they are documented and their nutritional values are evaluated. This study was carried out to document edible wild plants and associated indigenous practices, and the correlations with socio-demographic variables on edible wild plants in Ensaro district, North Shewa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. It also examined the habitats and major threatening factors of edible wild plants.Methods: The study was conducted from September to December 2020 in Ensaro district, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Semi-structured interviews was made with 98 community members regarding edible wild plant species, parts used, harvesting and consumption time, preparation methods, supplementary uses, life forms, habitats and threatening factors. The socioeconomics characteristics of the study participants was also documented. Excel and R-package were employed for statistical analysis. Analysis of Variance (P < 0.05) was used to observe the correlation of socio-demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with indigenous knowledge of respondents on edible wild plants.Results: Forty-three edible wild plants recorded in this study area. Fabaceae and Moraceae families were the most popular edible wild plant species in the study area. Shrubs were the dominant life forms of recorded plants (37%). Ripe fruits (72%) were the most commonly used plant parts. Indigenous knowledge of respondent on edible wild plants positively correlated with socio-demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. There was no knowledge difference between genders. The number of species, genera and families of edible wild plants were higher in mid-land agro-ecology than in lowland and highland agro-ecologies of the study area. The distribution of edible wild plants found to be less in the highland agroecology. Edible wild plants in the study mainly found in shrub land areas which are highly threatened by fuelwood collection.Conclusion: Forty-three edible wild plants recorded in the study area. The community consumes edible wild plants during normal and famine periods. Edible wild plants such as Snowdenia polystachya (Muja), Eleusine coracana (Degelie or wanga), Urtica simensis(Sama) and Medicago polymorpha (Amaqito) are not used during normal period and young people do not know them even how to use them. In addition, edible wild plants are under greater pressure due to farmland expansion in the study area. This has led to the reduction of edible wild plants and associated indigenous knowledge.
Foreign Direct Investment and Local firm’s Performance

This paper investigates the effect of FDI on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Little is documented about the link between FDI variables of capital flow, advanced production technology, marketing expertise and management know-how and performance of firms. The study’s sought to establish the effect of each individual FDI variables on firm’s performance. It also sought to established the overall effect of the performance manufacturing firms in Kenya. The population of study comprised 100 companies registered with Kenya Association Manufacturing as at the time of data collection in 2019 and that had over 10 percent foreign ownership. The respondents were the CEOs of organization. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were both used to analyze the data. Data was pretested for normality, linearity, multicollinearity, autocorrelation and homoscedasticity and the data found to meet most of these preconditions. The Pearson correlation analysis was employed to discern not only the strength but also the direction of the interrelationships involving the variables. The researcher tested the effect of the components of FDI on performance of manufacturing firms. The study developed one hypothesis and four sub hypothesis. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant relationship between FDI and firm performance. This imply that to achieve better firm performance, the government need to come up with policies geared to attracting more FDI into the key sectors of the economy. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Firm Performance, Capital Flow, Advanced Production Technology, Marketing Expertise, Management Knowhow.
Comparison of Radiofrequency Ablation with or without Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background To evaluate the curative effect and safety of compare radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with or without transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)with the help of a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) . Materials and Methods RCTs comparing TACE combined with RFA and RFA alone were searched electronically using PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. Fixed and random-effects were used to measure pooled estimates. Research indicators included overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFA), tumor progression and complications. Results Overall, 6 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 527 patients (TACE-RFA: 271; RFA: 256). 3- and5-year OS rate was higher in the TACE-RFA group than in the RFA group (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.17–2.59; p = 0.006; OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.49–3.22; p < 0.0001). The 3- and 5-year RFS rate in the TACE-RFA group was higher than that in the RFA group (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.30 ~ 2.82, p = 0.0009; OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.21 ~ 2.70, p = 0.004, respectively). The rate of tumor progression was lower in the TACE-RFA group than in the RFA group (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.38 ~ 0.85; p = 0.005). No significant differences in terms of 1-year OS rate and complications rate were observed between groups.
Age-specific Differences in Food and Stimulant Consumption in Germany and Their Marketing Implications

Abstract Elder food consumers have been a growing and attractive target group for the food industry for quite some time. Yet so far there have only been isolated, narrow comparisons of this target groups’ food consumption to that of younger consumers. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of data gathered by the German Federal Statistical Office. It analyzes income and consumption sample data using multivariate analysis of variance to identify, in quantitative and monetary units, statistically significant differences in the food consumption of elder consumers compared to younger ones. At the same time, foods that are specifically consumed by these two age groups have been highlighted using discriminant analysis. Managerial implications have then been derived for food producers, marketers and retailers to reach the age groups under review more effectively and more efficiently. With Germany’s second-largest and third-oldest population in Europe, its largest food and drinks market in the European Union and the most competitive European food retail sector, the results will also be relevant to international researchers and managers and will encourage further research in related fields.
Structural and Electronic Properties of Layered Arsenic and Antimony Arsenide

Layered materials exhibit intriguing electronic characteristics and the search for new types of two-dimensional (2D) structures is of importance for future device fabrication. Using state-of-art first principle calculations, we identify and characterize the structural and electronic properties of two 2D layered arsenic materials, namely, arsenic and its alloy AsSb. The stable 2D structural configuration of arsenic is confirmed to be the low-buckled two-dimensional hexagonal structure by phonon and binding energy calculations. The monolayer exhibits indirect semiconducting properties with gap around 1.5 eV (corrected to 2.2 eV by hybrid function), which can be modulated into a direct semiconductor within a small amount of tensile strain. These semiconducting properties are preserved when cutting into 1D nanoribbons, but the band gap is edge dependent. It is interesting to find that an indirect to direct gap transition can be achieved under strain modulation of the armchair ribbon. Essentially the same phen.
Evaporation Heat Flux from Hot Water to Air Flow

In order to evaluate evaporation heat fluxes from coolant water in a spent fuel pit of a nuclear power plant to ventilation air during a shutdown of water purification and cooling systems, empirical correlations were derived. To derive correlations, the evaporation heat transfer databases at Shinsyu University, which were obtained using test sections A and B with heat transfer lengths of 940mm and 300mm, were used. The temperatures of the hot water and air were 35-65°C and about 20°C, respectively, and air velocity was up to 2.08m/s. In this study, a correlation including length scale was derived using the database under the outlet relative humidity less than 100% (Xout Xout = 1.0) in the test section A were corrected using the heat flux data with Xout X = 1.0) conditions, which might be applied to a spent fuel pit with the length scale of about 10m. Then, another correlation without the length scale was introduced from the heat fluxes corrected for conditions of X = 1.0. The heat fluxes for the length scale of 10m calculated using the two correlations agreed each other.
Aseptic Loosening of Smaller Corail Stems in Heavy, Active Males: A Report of Three Cases

Recent concerns have been raised regarding a higher failure rate with smaller size Corail stems. This case series examines early aseptic loosening with smaller stems in three large male patients with Dorr A bone. Each stem was fluoroscopically aligned and sized until stable with axial and rotational stress. In each case, failure occurred within six months due to symptomatic metaphyseal debonding. Careful analysis suggests a correlation of failure to small size stems that are comparatively 1) undersized relative to the metaphysis, 2) undersized relative to patient body mass index, and 3) undersized relative to the amount of offset created.
Students’ Perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination Program in Bangladesh: A Study on University Students

After a long waited span, the whole world could see the ray of covid-19 vaccine to resist the planet to watch the death procession. But some country people especially the people of Bangladesh keep them aside to take the vaccination. This study aims to understand the perception towards the COVID-19 vaccination program in Bangladesh and the targeted subject is the university student as they are suffering highly depression nowadays. Higher education has been affected globally as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in 223 countries. Moreover, for this pandemic situation, the university students can not complete their graduation which binds them to enter their professional career. Alike all of the developed countries, as well as developing countries, Bangladesh, also considered vaccination as an effective measure to protect the peoples from the Covid-19 virus. This study targeted three psychological factors of the university students and surveyed 322 students from the different universities in Bangladesh to understand their perception regarding vaccines. Moreover, it is seen that most of the students doubt the effectiveness of the vaccine which interrupts them from taking the vaccine willingly.
Disentangling Post-Fire Logging and High-Severity Fire Effects for Spotted Owls

The Spotted Owl is a rare and declining raptor inhabiting low/middle-elevation forests of the Pacific Northwest, California, and the Southwest in the USA. It is well established that Spotted Owls select dense, mature, or old forests for nesting and roosting. High-severity fire transforms such forests into a unique forest type known as “snag forest habitat”, which the owls select for foraging. This habitat is disproportionately targeted by post-fire logging projects. Numerous recent articles have explored the influence of high-severity fire and post-fire logging on this species. Studies have shown that post-fire logging significantly reduces Spotted Owl occupancy, but efforts have generally not been made to disentangle the effects of such logging from the influence of high-severity fire alone on Spotted Owls. We conducted an assessment of published, peer-reviewed articles reporting adverse impacts of high-severity fire on Spotted Owls, exploring the extent to which there may have been confounding factors, such as post-fire logging. We found that articles reporting adverse impacts of high-severity fire on Spotted Owls were pervasively confounded by post-fire logging, and in some cases by a methodological bias. Our results indicate a need to approach analyses of high-severity fire and Spotted Owls differently in future research.
New Insights into Crust and upper Mantle Structure in Guangdong Province, China and Its Geothermal Implications

Southeast Asia contains significant natural geothermal resources. However, the mechanism for generating geothermal anomalies by the crust–mantle structure still needs to define. In this study, we focused on Guangdong Province, China. We conducted three magnetotelluric profiles to interpret the crust and upper mantle structure beneath the Guangdong Province and its geothermal implications. Based on data analysis results, a two-dimension inversion was conducted on the dataset. The inversion model revealed that there is a presence of upwelling channels, and some channels are connected with shallow crustal fault zone; the thickness of crust and lithosphere in Guangdong Province is relatively thin. Such a special crust and upper mantle structure form high surface heat flow. Merged with previous research, our results imply that massive Late Mesozoic granites, which contain high radioactive heat generating elements, are distributed on the surface and underground of Guangdong Province. Based on the correlation between high radioactive Late Mesozoic granites, crust-upper mantle structure, surface heat flow, and locations of natural hot springs, we established a geothermal conceptual model to visualize the origin of a current geophysical and geothermal anomaly in Guangdong Province.
Fracture toughness of different adhesive/dentin interfaces analyzed by finite element stress analysis

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the fracture toughness of different dentin adhesive approaches and to evaluate the stress distribution at the bond interface during fracture toughness testing by finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Specimens for chevron-notched beam fracture toughness (CNB) were prepared with dimensions of (3.0 mm × 4.0 mm × 20 mm) according to ISO 24370:2005 standard. Chevron notch was prepared at the adhesive–dentin interface using a highly polished stainless steel spacer. Four different dentin adhesives approaches were used total etch 3 and 2 step and self adhesives 2 and 1 step. A total of 60 specimens were prepared for each adhesive approach (n=15). Each specimen was loaded until failure in a 4-point bend test setup and the fracture toughness was calculated according to the ISO specifications. Finite element modeling of the specimens was carried out in order to analyze stress distribution during fracture toughness testing. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by tukey‘s post hoc test with significant level at p < 0.001 level (p= 0.0001). Results: Solobond plus 3-step etch-and-rinse showed the highest mean fracture toughness (1.78 MPam1/2) Whereas, Futurabond M+ 1-step self-etch showed the lowest value (1.13 MPam1/2). These finding were supported by finite element analysis which showed stresses to concentrate at the adhesive–dentin interface during fracture toughness loading and crack propagation. Conclusion: The adhesive approach has a strong effect on the fracture toughness of the adhesive–dentin interface. the 3-step etch-and-rinse approach showed the highest mean fracture toughness while 1-step self-etch approach showed the lowest value.