Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regional homogeneity in cognition with frontal lobe injury-A resting-state fMRI study

Objective: To investigate the spontaneous brain activity changes with the cognitive disorders of traumatic brain injury in the frontal lobe using resting-state fMRI and regional homogeneity (ReHo). Methods: Thirteen frontal lobe injuries with cognition impairment were sampled as traumatic brain injury group (TBIs) and fourteen healthy persons as the normal control group(NCs). General cognition was assessed through Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE). Resting-state fMRI and T1-weighted imaging data were then collected. The ReHo maps were obtained from resting-state fMRI, and two-sample t-test was performed between the two groups. Finally, pearson correlation analysis was conducted between ReHo values extracted from different brain regions and MMSE scores of the patients. Results: Compared with the NCs group, the TBI group showed significantly increased ReHo in the left superior frontal gyrus, right middle occipital, right declive (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased ReHo in the left media frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate, inferior frontal gyrus, right superior temporal, right supramarginal gyrus, right hippocampus/parahippocampal, left/right supplement motor area, right uvula (p < 0.05). In addition, a positive correlation was found between the ReHo index of the left superior frontal gyrus and the MMSE scores across all patients with TBI. Conclusions: The ReHo method may provide an objective biomarker for evaluating the functional abnormity of the cognition in frontal lobe injuries. The cognitive disorders may be related to abnormal brain activity, and the imbalance of the neural network caused by the abnormal spontaneous neuronal activity may underlie the potential cognitive damage in the frontal lobe injury. *Correspondence to: Hui-ping Peng, The office of Rehabilitation Medicine department, Fuzhou General hospital, 156 Xierhuan North Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, Tel: +86-13600823060, E-mail: 361140072@qq.com
Effects of Orally Chlorella vulgaris Algae Additive on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Lactating Friesian Cows

Fifteen multiparous Friesian cows with average live body weight (LBW) of 500±4.35 kg and 2-4 lactations were used after parturition and continues until 120 days of lactation and divided into three similar groups. Cows were fed a basal ration contained (DM basis) 40% concentrate feed mixture , 35% corn silage and 25% rice straw without any supplement in R1 (control) or orally supplemented with Chlorella algae and their media at the levels of 2 ml or 4 ml per kg LBW to instead of 1 and 2 liter/head/day for R2 and R3, respectively. Results showed that nutrients digestibility and feeding values improved significantly (P<0.05) with increasing the level of supplementation. Addition of C. vulgaris increased (P< 0.05) feed intake, the concentrations of total protein and globulin, AST to ALT ratio in serum, actual milk, 4% fat corrected milk yield, milk contents, also TVFA’s compared with the control. However, the concentration of NH3-N and Live enzymes activity decreased. Whereas, ruminal pH value and serum albumin and creatinine concentrations were nearly similar for the different groups. Chlorella supplementation had a significant improvements in feed conversion, economic efficiency and post-partum reproductive traits compared to control group. In conclusion, cows supplemented with Chlorella and their media at the level of 4 ml/kg LBW showed the best results concerning productive and reproductive traits and economic efficiency.
Physico-Chemical analysis of honey based herbal gooseberry candies

The Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis L.) is one of the cheapest medicinal fruits due its highest ascorbic acid content160 times than that of apple. A novel concept of osmotic dehydration by preparing osmotic solution (i.e.,60 0β and 70 0β) using 1:5 (w/w) sucrose-honey combination incorporated with natural herb powders, viz., cardamom, ginger, basil and salt as a preservative. The osmotic dehydration (OD) of gooseberry segments (10 mm thick) were carried out at different process temperatures (i.e.,300C,400C and 50 0C)at an immersion time of 10 h followed by hot air drying (600C and 2.50 m/s) and sun drying (control). The quality evaluation of gooseberry candies was carried out on the basis of physical parameters (i.e., rehydration ratio, and biochemical parameters (i.e., moisture content (%(wb)), non-enzymatic browning (OD), total sugar (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100 g) and reducing sugar (%)), microbial as well as sensory analysis. It can be concluded that honey based herbal gooseberry candies prepared by the sun drying method was found to be the best on the basis of higher rehydration ratio (2.89), NEB (0.05 OD), ascorbic acid (138.78 mg/100 g),total sugar (61.92 %), reducing sugar (35.14 %) and highest sensory score (7.83) as compared to hot air drying.
Understanding the Prospects and Potential for Improved Regional LIS Collaboration in the Developing World: An Empirical Study of LIS Departments in the GCC States

The purpose of the study was to generate information on the extent and types of collaboration occurring between academic LIS departments and faculty in the GCC states, and on the factors influencing this, to help inform policies and strategies designed to improve collaboration. This is a qualitative research study, based on interviews with Heads of LIS Departments in the GCC states. The researchers emailed all Heads of LIS Departments (n=8) in Universities within the GCC States to invite them to participate in an interview about their experiences of and views on collaboration with other LIS departments in the region. Of the (8) Heads of Departments, only 5 responded to the e-mail invitation and subsequently completed the interview. The qualitative research data generated from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The data were examined and a preliminary set of themes created, then, the data were re-examined and coded according to the preliminary themes. It was found that very little formal collaboration has taken place to date, but that Heads of Departments are well aware of the many potential benefits of collaboration, and the types of barriers that must be overcome to achieve this. The findings have theoretical significance relating to the potential role of LIS collaboration in developing regions more generally, and practical implications for the development of strategies and initiatives to improve collaboration in the Gulf region. A fourstage strategy development, planning, establishment and implementation model is proposed to underpin the program of work necessary to achieve this, which can also be applied to other developing regions.
Rice-Wheat cropping system under changing climate Scenario: A review

Climate change directly or indirectly influences all economics aspects, but agriculture is among the sectors which are most sensitive and inherently vulnerable to climate. The impacts of increased temperature from global warming and changes in rainfall patterns resulting from climate change are expected to reduce agricultural production and put further pressure on marginal land. Climate change and especially increase in ambient temperatures will reduce the yields of major cereal crops especially Rice-wheat. Hence, to achieve our goals of food security, we need to emphasize the use and production of food crops that can withstand the on-going changes to the climate, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions around the globe that are at a greater risk of food insecurity. There are key factors that significantly impact to mitigate stress conditions of the climate, i.e. short duration crop, value added weather services, genotype with higher per day yield potential, weather linked agricultural insurance etc.
Induced and amenable ergodic actions of Lie groups

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Dividing the Dollar with Formulas

In advanced democracies, most government spending is allocated according to criteria approved by a legislature but implemented by the bureaucracy. I ask whether this fact imposes a binding constraint on the ability of legislators to engage in targeted redistribution, by constructing a model in which legislators are constrained to allocate spending by a formula of limited dimension—in contrast to benchmark models where proposers have the flexibility to manipulate the payoffs of individual members directly. The model predicts oversized winning coalitions, positive distributions outside of the winning coalition, and the emergence of persistent voting blocs. I then apply the model to a sample of 31 US federal spending bills, using new data connecting spending outcomes to authorizing legislation. I find that most allocation formulas for spending programs involve five or fewer factors. Formulaic allocation imposes a tight constraint on targeting, eliminating more than 90% of congressional proposers’ degrees of freedom.
NF-ΚB AND NRF2 PATHWAYS CONTRIBUTE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS INDUCED IN MICE BY DEXTRAN SULPHATE SODIUM

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and it is characterized by high recurrence and relapsing risk. UC affects millions of people worldwide but its pathophysiology remains unclear. In this study, the UC models of BABL/c mice were induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) [3.5% (w/v) for 7 days (acute UC) or 1.5% (w/v) for 2 weeks (chronic UC)]. Herein, we aimed to determine the expression levels of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) production during acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis in mice and to assess their possible role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Our results showed an increased level of NF-κB, IL-1β and NO in ulcerative colitis group while the levels of both Nrf2 and SOD were markedly decreased. Also, we found a significantly increased levels of NF-κB during the acute and chronic experimental colitis, (P > 0.05 and P >0.01 respectively) compared to control. Moreover, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was increased in response to the elevated level of NF-𝜅B in both the acute and chronic UC (P > 0.01). Interestingly, we found a significant variation in the expression levels of IL-1β between the acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis (P > 0.01) that seems to be essential for the development of the UC from the acute to the chronic phase. These findings suggested that changing in NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways may be contributed in the development of both the acute and chronic DSS-induced UC in mice. Also, both of NF-κB and IL-1β enhance the development of UC and the progression of the acute intestinal inflammation into the chronic phase. Additionally, IL-1β could be used as diagnostic biomarkers to differentiate between the acute and chronic UC.
Foliar spray of salicylic acid and oxalic acid ameolirates temperature (Heat) stress on wheat at anthesis stage

This study endeavors to quantitatively cognize the impact of changes in physiological mechanism due to climate change on wheat at vegetative stage and reproductive stage of crop. This experiment was conducted and evaluated for wheat crop using two chemicals salicylic acid and oxalic acid and meteorological data from a field site at Students Instructional Farm of the Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.) during Rabiseasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17. This experiment was planned under FRBD (Factorial Randomized Block Design) with three replications and two date of sowing viz; 25 November and 25 December with two varieties NW-5054 and NW2036.Results indicated that physiological traits were adversely affected by time of sowing due to onset of high temperature during crop growth and particularly grain filling. All the treatments reduced the detrimental effect of heat stress on both the varieties by improving physiological traits which ultimately helped in obtaining higher yield.
Integrated management of Alternaria blight of safflower caused by Alternaria carthami under field conditions

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), is one of the most popular oilseeds crop grown throughout the world. The crop suffers many fungal diseases among that leaf spot/blight caused by Alternaria carthami (Chowdhury) has become one of the major constraints in the production and productivity of safflower all over the country as such and in the state of Maharashtra also. The disease has been reported to cause 25 to 60 per cent yield losses in safflower. Management of safflower Alternaria blight with chemicals alone needs to be discouraged due to their ill- effects. Therefore, present field experiments were conducted to manage the disease with integration of the effective fungicides, bioagents and phytoextracts under natural epi-phytotic condition at VNMKV, Parbhani, Maharashtra. The experiment was designed with RBD and all the treatments replicated thrice using Cv. Manjira, during Rabi, 2013 and 2014. Results of the integrated management studies revealed that all treatments were found effective in controlling Alternaria blight disease. However, comparatively least average disease intensity (14.34 %) and its highest reduction (74.36 %) were recorded with the combination seed treatment and foliar spray in treatment T9 of T. viride ST @ 10 g/kg + Garlic clove extract ST @ 10 ml/kg + Hexaconazole FS @ 0.1 %, followed by treatment T4 of Hexaconazole ST @ 1 ml/kg + It’s FS @ 0.1 % (Av. PDI : 15.46 %, Av PDC : 72.37 %) and T10 of T. viride ST @ 1 ml/kg + Garlic clove extract ST @ 10 ml/kg + Mancozeb FS @ 0.25 % (Av. PDI : 17.25 %, Av. PDC : 69.16 %). Significant increase in seed yield up to 54.56 per cent and highest ICBR (3.22) was recorded in treatment T9 (T. viride ST @ 10 g/kg + Garlic clove extract ST @ 10 ml/kg + Hexaconazole FS @ 0.1 %).
Modelling competences and anticipating the future competence needs in the forest sector

This explorative study examined practices of competence modelling in the forest sector organisations and how organisations anticipate changes in competence needs in the future. Semi-structured in-depth interviews (n = 10) were conducted amongst forest sector experts in Finland and data was analysed by thematic analysis. The findings showed that the practices of modelling competences were diverse, most frequently used ones being superior-subordinate review discussions and quantitative competence surveys. In addition to these formal systems, informal modelling, especially on the team level and in smaller companies was also frequent. Organisations used competence modelling for several human resources functions, such as appraisal, motivation and promotion of employees. Surprisingly hiring and compensation functions were not mentioned. Perceptions related to competence modelling were generally speaking positive. The most important challenges were the lack of further actions and sometimes the extraordinary burden to the employees. When anticipating the future, the experts interviewed mentioned several commonly recognised trends, e.g., development of information technology, fragmentation of working life and structural changes in labour markets. All these require more generic competences related to information processing and personal self-management, especially respondents highlighted the importance of self-awareness skills. It is concluded that several useful practices for competence modelling already exist and that present study provides a basis for further quantitative further study.
Flexible solutions for lab-based phase contrast and dark field CT and micro-CT

Phase-based (PB) x-ray imaging (XRI) methods have grown in importance over recent years, and it can probably be argued that the majority of micro-CT experiments at synchrotrons include phase effects in some form or fashion. A comparable if not higher level of interest has consequently arisen with regards to the translation of PB XRI into lab-based CT and micro-CT system, where however things have been moving more slowly, and the opposite is probably true i.e. most acquisitions are currently non-PB. The reasons for this are multiple and varied, but the key ones may be attributable to setup complexity and to the necessity to move optical elements during acquisitions, limits in spatial resolution, and excessively long acquisition times. In the imaging of biological tissues, especially in vivo, excessive delivered dose can pose an additional concern. Based on the acceptance that a “one size fits all solution” probably does not exist, and that most real world applications typically do not require all the above features simultaneously, our group has focused on the development of a flexible approach where typically counteracting features (e.g. high spatial resolution and fast acquisition times) can be traded off, including while making use of the same imaging system after this has been designed and built. This paper briefly reviews the technical innovations that have made the above possible, presents some key results in various areas of application, and discusses areas currently undergoing further development, among which are extensions to both higher and lower energy x-ray spectra, and new approaches to multimodality and data retrieval.
Role of combined hysterolaparoscopy for the diagnosis of female infertility in tertiary care centre

Background: Infertility, one of the most common disorders confronting gynaecologist, has multifactorial etiology and none of the laboratory findings alone is conclusive in diagnosis. Combined diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy helps in finding the etiology and planning further management. Aims & objective: To Evaluate the role of simultaneous combined diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive type of interventional study on 80 infertile patients attending outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical college, Jaipur from June 2018 on words excluding male factor infertility with normal hormonal profile. Results: We studied 80 patients comprising of 56 (70%) cases of Primary Infertility and 24 (30%) cases of secondary infertility. The average age of active married life in 80 patients was between 8 and 9 years. The most common pathologies found on DHL were Tubal factors in 40% cases, PCOD in 11.3% cases, Endometriosis in 8.5% cases, and uterine anomalies in 6.35% cases. Conclusion: Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy play very important role as diagnostic tools in infertile women. Combined diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy should be performed in all infertile patients before the treatment.
Management of Rhizoctonia solani of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) through plant extracts and fungicides in vitro and field conditions

The experiment was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, S.K. N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan). Rhizoctonia root rot of okra caused by rhizcotonia solani is an important disease An attempt was more find out the efficacy of different plant extracts and fungicides were against in Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and in vivo conditions. Among five Plant extracts garlic clove was found most effective followed by neem and among five fungicides carbendazim was found most effective followed by propiconazole against Rhizoctonia solani in vitro conditions. In potted plant minimum disease severity were obtained in garlic and carbendazim and followed by neem and propiconazole. Garlic and carbendazim were found effective in management of root rot of okra caused by Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and in vivo conditions.
The effect of tillage and weed management practices on yield and nutrient uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

A field experiment entitled “The effect of tillage and weed management practices on yield and nutrient uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L)” was carried out at Agronomy research form, N.D University of Agriculture and Technology Narendra Nagar, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during rabi season of 2017-18 to find out the effect of various tillage and weed management practices on growth, yield attribute, yield, nutrients, uptake, change in Physico- chemical properties of soil after harvesting the wheat crop and economic of various treatments. The combination of the five tillage systems (CT, ZT, CT, ZT+R, and ZT+R) and three weed management practices (Clodinafop + metsulfuron 60+4 g ha-1 + one hand weeding) was laid out in Split Plot Design and replicated thrice. The soil of the experiment field was silt loam in texture and medium in fertility status. The result revealed that among various tillage and weed management practices conventional tillage (CT) and Clodinafop + metsulfuron 60+4 g ha-1 + one hand weeding were found effective as compared to zero tillage system in increasing growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat during 2017-18. Adaptation of conventional tillage along with integrated weed management practices was also found most effective in increasing the uptake of nutrient. It can be concluded that under wet land condition for obtaining, better growth, yield attributes grain and straw yield, nutrients uptake, conventional tillage should be adopted / applied in wheat crop. However, for improving soil health, zero tillage + crop residue should be applied.
Comparative study of oyster mushroom cultivation by physical and chemical method of sterilization

Mushroom is a crop which is cultivated in many countries using different agricultural wastes. Oyster mushroom can be cultivated by using two types of substrates such as sawdust, straw. Effect of different sterilization techniques of substrate on yield of P. sajor caju, an experiment was laid out by treating paddy straw substrate with hot water, steam and chemicals. No treatment was subjected to the control. The experiments were laid out in completely randomized block design with six replication and four treatments viz. T1 = In hot water treatment-substrate after presoaking for four hours, was immersed in hot water (80 0C +5 0C) for one hour, T2= In steam sterilization treatment, presoaked substrate was rapped in gunny bag and autoclaved at 15 lbs p.s. i. for one hour. , T3 =In chemical sterilization, substrate was immersed in 75ppm carbaendazim (50 w.p.) + 500 ppm formaline (40%) solution for 18 hours and T4= In control treatment – substrate steeping was done in plane water for 18 hours. During the both year experiment results are indicated that the treatment of chemical sterilization of substrate enhanced the spawn run which was completed in 21 days as compared to control (23 days) during both the years. It was followed by hot water substrate treatment (22 days) and steam sterilization of substrate (23 days) during both the years. The first harvest was also hastened 2 days by chemical sterilization followed by steam sterilization. As regards yield, all the treatments produced significantly higher yield than control. Chemical treated substrated produced maximum and significantly higher yield (420.00g and 418.0g) than other treatments during both the years.