Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Execution Model to Reduce the Interference of Shared Memory in ARINC 653 Compliant Multicore RTOS

Multicore architecture is applied to contemporary avionics systems to deal with complex tasks. However, multicore architectures can cause interference by contention because the cores share hardware resources. This interference reduces the predictable execution time of safety-critical systems, such as avionics systems. To reduce this interference, methods of separating hardware resources or limiting capacity by core have been proposed. Existing studies have modified kernels to control hardware resources. Additionally, an execution model has been proposed that can reduce interference by adjusting the execution order of tasks without software modification. Avionics systems require several rigorous software verification procedures. Therefore, modifying existing software can be costly and time-consuming. In this work, we propose a method to apply execution models proposed in existing studies without modifying commercial real-time operating systems. We implemented the time-division multiple access (TDMA) and acquisition execution restitution (AER) execution models with pseudo-partition and message queuing on VxWorks 653. Moreover, we propose a multi-TDMA model considering the characteristics of the target hardware. For the interference analysis, we measured the L1 and L2 cache misses and the number of main memory requests. We demonstrated that the interference caused by memory sharing was reduced by at least 60% in the execution model. In particular, multi-TDMA doubled utilization compared to TDMA and also reduced the execution time by 20% compared to the AER model.
Analisis Risiko dan Penentuan Strategi Mitigasi Pada Proses Produksi Beras

ABSTRACT UD Sido Muncul factory is a rice milling business that produces rice for consumed which in its production is inseparable from the risk. These risks cause a disruption in the production process and also cause losses such as the cessation of the production process so that it cannot meet demand. To manage the risks that occur, the Fuzzy Failure Mode Effect Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods are used. The risk identification use the production process flow in general, namely raw material (input), production (process), and finished product (output) factors. From the results of FMEA fuzzy data processing, a total of 25 risks and priority risks from each factor were found, those are; the risk of competing rice buyers (894) very high; the risk of damage to the prime mover 883 very high, and the risk of competing suppliers of rice (748) high-very high. To mitigate the risks priority, 7 alternative strategies were developed. The priority mitigation strategies were chosen for each risk factor; the partnership building strategy (0.731) for input risk factors; routine engine maintenance strategies (0.637) for process risk factors and the product quality maintenance strategy (0.637) for output risk factors. Keywords: Risk Management, Production Processes Risk, Mitigation Strategy, Fuzzy FMEA, AHP ABSTRAK Pabrik UD Sido Muncul merupakan usaha penggilingan padi yang memproduksi beras siap konsumsi yang didalam produksinya tidak terlepas dari adanya risiko. Risiko tersebut menyebabkan terganggunya proses produksi dan menyebabkan kerugian seperti terhentinya proses produksi sehingga tidak dapat memenuhi permintaan. Untuk dapat mengelola risiko yang terjadi digunakan metode Fuzzy Failure Mode Effect Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Identifikasi risiko menggunakan alur proses produksi secara umum yaitu faktor bahan baku (input), proses produksi (process), dan produk jadi (output). Dari hasil pengolahan data fuzzy FMEA didapatkan total 25 risiko dan risiko prioritas dari setiap faktor yaitu risiko pesaing pembeli padi (894) very high, risiko kerusakan pada motor penggerak utama 883 very high, dan risiko pesaing supplier beras (748) high-very high. Untuk memitigasi risiko prioritas maka dikembangkan 7 alternatif strategi. Adapun strategi mitigasi prioritas yang terpilih untuk setiap faktor risiko yaitu strategi menjalin kemitraan (0,731) untuk faktor risiko input, strategi pemeliharaan mesin secara rutin (0,637) untuk faktor risiko process dan strategi menjaga kualitas produk (0,637) untuk faktor risiko output. Kata kunci: Manajemen Risiko, Risiko Proses Produksi, Strategi Mitigasi, Fuzzy FMEA, AHP
Employment effects of skills around the world: Evidence from the PIAAC

Making use of an international survey that directly assesses participants’ cognitive skills, I study the effect of skills on workers’ employment in 32 countries. On average, a one-standard-deviation increase in numeracy skills is associated with a 7.6 percentage points increase in the probability of being employed. Controlling for years spent in education, the employment effect of numeracy skills falls to 4.8 percentage points. Numeracy skills account for 30 percent of the 2.7 percentage points employment effect that is associated with years of education. There is considerable heterogeneity across both subgroups and countries.
Cytogenetics of Atlantic eels: C- and G-banding, nucleolus organizer regions, and DNA content

C- and G-banding, silver staining, and cytofluorometric analysis of DNA content were carried out on two species of eels, Anguilla anguilla and A. rostrata, to compare them, to investigate the existence of sex chromosomes in both species, on which different authors disagree, and to understand the significance of the sex-independent variability found in one chromosome pair.
Systematic Modular Approaches to Reveal DNA Damage Responses in Mammalian Cells

Accumulation of damage in undifferentiated cells may threaten homeostasis and regenerative capacity. Remarkably, p53 has been suggested to be transcriptionally inactive in these cells. To gain insight in the kinetics and interplay of the predominant transcriptional responses of DNA damage signalling pathways in undifferentiated cells, mouse embryonic stem cells were exposed to cisplatin at four different time points (2, 4, 8 and 24 h) and concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10 μM). RNA was isolated and subjected to genome-wide expression profiling. Up to one fourth of the tested genes could be identified as being differentially expressed (false discovery rate = 10%) after the cisplatin treatment. Clustering of the expression changes showed a strong time dependency. To investigate the relationship between affected genes, a gene set analysis method was used. Functionally related gene sets were defined using gene ontologies or transcription factor binding sites and were tested for overrepresentation within the differentially expressed genes. A variety of gene sets were clearly enriched among which 'apoptosis' and 'cell cycle' were the most pronounced. Furthermore, there was a strong enrichment of genes with a p53-binding motif. The involvement of the 'cell cycle' and 'apoptosis' gene sets in the cisplatin response was detected at concentrations and time points where the respective biological assays were still negative. The results reveal novel insights into the mechanisms which maintain the genomic integrity in undifferentiated cells. Additionally the results illustrate that gene set analysis of genome-wide expression changes provides a sensitive instrument to detect cellular stress responses to DNA damage.
EXAMINING ADOLESCENT EFL LEARNERS’ TV VIEWING COMPREHENSION THROUGH CAPTIONS AND SUBTITLES

Abstract This study explores the differential effects of captions and subtitles on extensive TV viewing comprehension by adolescent beginner foreign language learners, and how their comprehension is affected by factors related to the learner, preteaching of target vocabulary, the lexical coverage of the episodes, and the testing instruments. Four classes of secondary school students took part in an 8-month intervention viewing 24 episodes of a TV series, two classes with captions, and two with subtitles. One class in each language condition received explicit instruction on target vocabulary. Comprehension was assessed through multiple-choice and true-false items, which included a combination of textually explicit and inferential items. Results showed a significant advantage of subtitles over captions for content comprehension, and prior vocabulary knowledge emerged as a significant predictor—particularly in the captions condition. Comprehension scores were also mediated by test-related factors, with true-false items receiving overall more correct responses while textually explicit and inferential items scores differed according to language of the on-screen text. Lexical coverage also emerged as a significant predictor of comprehension.
Settlement and Spreading of the Introduced Seaweed Caulacanthus okamurae (Rhodophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea

In this study, we report the first finding of the non-indigenous seaweed Caulacanthus okamurae (Rhodophyta) in the Ionian and Adriatic Seas (Mediterranean). Specimens were identified through molecular analyses based on the plastid ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) marker. The sequences obtained during this study represent the first molecular evidence of the presence of this taxon in the Mediterranean Sea. Stable populations have been detected in some areas of the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Italy) and in the whole lagoon of Venice, forming dense patches of low turf that reach high biomasses. Turf-forming algae are common in the intertidal zones of tropical regions, but are rare in temperate ones. The particular environmental conditions of transitional water systems, such as the Mar Piccolo of Taranto and the Venice Lagoon, together with the water temperature increase observed in the last years could have favored the settlement and spread of this introduced species.
Role of antibiotics in elective clean surgeries: limiting its use to single shot preoperative dose

Giving antibiotics before the surgery is called as preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. This helps in reducing the risk of infections that are likely to occur after surgery. It is a routine practice to give antibiotics to the patients before surgery in cases where the patient is undergoing the surgeries like grafting, or implantation surgeries etc. in such cases there is requirement to dissect the larger portions compared to routine surgeries. It is not fixed as to when to give the antibiotic to the patient undergoing surgery. But the objective is very clear i.e. to increase the concentration of antibiotics in the body tissues as a prophylactic measure so that infection can be taken care of while initiation as well as while the surgery is going on. Decision on which antibiotic should be given depends upon the type of surgery and the region of the surgery involved. General principle is to give such an antibiotic as to cover the major part of the body and at the same time taking care of all possible infections during the operation. At the same time, other factors related to antibiotics like cost, route of administration, adverse ABSTRACT
The Effect of a Morphological Awareness Intervention on Early Writing Outcomes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a morphological awareness intervention on the spelling and writing of second-grade (n = 16) and third-grade (n = 10) students at risk for learning disabilities. The intervention was provided for 25 min per session 4 to 5 times per week for 5 weeks. Students were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 13) or comparison (n = 13) condition. Students were pre- and posttested using standardized tests of spelling and writing and were progress monitored twice weekly with a curriculum-based measure of writing. Intervention effects were measured using a univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on each outcome. Growth on the progress monitoring task was measured using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). Results indicated the intervention did not have a significant effect on outcomes but a moderate positive effect was detected on writing. Practical applications including intervention revisions and feasibility of use are discussed.
An extensive study of the regularity of solutions to doubly singular equations

Abstract In recent years, many papers have been devoted to the regularity of doubly nonlinear singular evolution equations. Many of the proofs are unnecessarily complicated, rely on superfluous assumptions or follow an inappropriate approximation procedure. This makes the theory unclear and quite chaotic to a nonspecialist. The aim of this paper is to fix all the misprints, to follow correct procedures, to exhibit, possibly, the shortest and most elegant proofs and to give a complete and self-contained overview of the theory.
Monthly precipitations over semi‐arid basins in Northern Africa: Homogenization and trends

Long‐term and high quality observed climate data are required to analyse with reduced uncertainty temporal and spatial climate variability. The aim of this work is the quality control, the reconstruction and homogenization of monthly precipitation observed in semi‐arid basins within Souss‐Massa region in North Africa during the period 1933–2010. Data recorded in local meteorological stations underwent a neighbour‐based homogenization algorithm. We apply Mann‐Kendall test and Sen's method to raw and homogenized time series to calculate trends and their magnitude. The greatest variation in data properties is highlighted for the trend analysis where the homogenization process allows the detection of a higher number of the statistically significant negative trend with 95 and 99% confidence levels.
Determination of the Binding Site and the Key Amino Acids on Maize β-Glucosidase Isozyme Glu1 Involved in Binding to β-Glucosidase Aggregating Factor (BGAF)

-Glucosidase zymograms of certain maize genotypes (nulls) do not show any activity bands after electrophoresis. We have shown that a chimeric lectin called -glucosidase aggregating factor (BGAF) is responsible for the absence of -glucosidase activity bands on zymograms. BGAF specifically binds to maize -glucosidase isozymes Glu1 and Glu2 and forms large, insoluble complexes. Furthermore, we have previously shown that the N-terminal (Glu 50 -Val 145 ) and the C-terminal (Phe 466 -Ala 512 ) regions contain residues that make up the BGAF binding site on maize Glu1. However, sequence comparison between sorghum glucosidases (dhurrinases, Dhr1 and Dhr2), to which BGAF does not bind, and maize βglucosidases, and an examination of the 3-D structure of Glu1 suggested that the BGAF binding site on Glu1 is much smaller than predicted previously. To define more precisely the BGAF binding site, we constructed additional chimeric -glucosidases. The results showed that a region spanning 11 amino acids (Ile 72 -Thr 82 ) on Glu1 is essential and sufficient for BGAF binding, whereas the extreme N-terminal region Ser 1 -Thr 29 , together with C-terminal region Phe 466 -Ala 512 , affects the size of Glu1-BGAF complexes. To determine the importance of each region for binding, we determined the dissociation constants (Kd) of chimeric -glucosidase-BGAF interactions. The results demonstrated that the extreme N-terminal and C-terminal regions are important but not essential for binding. To confirm the importance of Ile 72 -Thr 82 on Glu1 for BGAF binding, we constructed chimeric Dhr2 (C-11, Dhr2 whose Val 72 -Glu 82 region was replaced with the Ile 72 -Thr 82 region of Glu1). C-11 binds to BGAF, indicating that the Ile 72 -Thr 82 region is indeed a major interaction site on Glu1 involved in BGAF binding. We also constructed mutant β-glucosidases to identify and define the contribution of individual amino acids in the
Characterization of microbial communities in Technosols constructed for industrial wastelands restoration

Increasing soil degradation and its consequences on overall ecosystem services urge for restoration strategies. Construction of Technosols through assemblage of treated soil and industrial wastes is an innovative technology for the restoration of polluted land and re-use of industrial by-products. Recent studies have evidenced that Technosols could support ecosystemic services such as primary production but the knowledge about other soil functions, such as biogeochemical cycling, is limited. Due to the significant contribution of microbial communities to soil functioning, this PhD work was carried out to study the effect of the type of Technosol on microbial communities with a focus on functional guilds involved in N cycling. For this purpose, the abundance and diversity of the total bacterial community and the abundance of crenarchaeal community together with the abundance and activities of the nitrifying and denitrifying communities were investigated in two types of Technosols. Results demonstrated that diversity and composition of the bacterial community were similar to ‘natural soils’ and were not significantly different between the two Technosols with Proteobacteria being the dominant phylum (50-80%). The bacterial ammonia oxidizers were greater in number than crenarchaeal ammonia oxidizers but also correlated to the potential nitrification activity suggesting that bacteria are the dominant ammonia oxidizers in Technosols. The abundance of both the ammonia oxidizers and the denitrifiers were in the same range than that observed in other soil systems. Analyses of the vertical distribution of the activity and abundance of N-cycling communities in the Technosols showed a significant depth-effect, which was more important than the Technosol type-effect. Technosols physicochemical properties and the abundance of the bacterial ammonia oxidizers were the main drivers of the nitrification activity whereas the denitrification activity was controlled mainly by the Technosols physicochemical properties and, to a minor extent, by the abundances of the nirS denitrifiers. The estimation of the functional stability of the denitrification process against the heat-drought stresses revealed that Technosol exhibited the high resistance and resilience in comparison to the thermally treated soil. This work highlighted the potential of constructed Technosols to ensure the N cycling ecosystem services, along with a high capacity to resist and recover from environmental stresses, suggesting that construction of Technosols is a promising technology and a solution for the restoration of industrial wastelands and waste recycling
Spread, impact and control of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) in North American wetlands.

Pump house and water control structure for green-tree impoundment at Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge in central New York. Waterfowl broods produced in adjacent flooded forest found excellent foraging conditions among floating and emergent aquatic plants in the foreground, 18 June 1968. Ten years later, purple loosestrife had displaced native food and cover plants in the waterway surrounding the green-tree impoundment at the Montezuma Refuge. Biologist holding stadia rod in middle foreground is obscured by mature plants. Note the abundance of Lythrum salicaria seedlings along the water line, 16 August 1978.
Removal of solids and chemical oxygen demand in poultry litter anaerobic digestion with different inocula

Population growth has contributed to increasing poultry production, entailing a high waste loading, mainly poultry litter. One of the alternatives to treat such residues is anaerobic digestion, in which digester startup and generated-digestate quality are related to the material to be digested and to operation conditions, wherein inoculum use is one of the factors. This study therefore aimed to investigate how digestates, such as inocula, influence poultry litter (PL) anaerobic digestion, as well the reduction of solids and chemical oxygen demand (COD). For this, two inocula (bovine and swine digestates) were tested in the digestion process. The inocula were added at loads of 0.67, 1.00 and 1.67 gVS.L-1day-1. A split-plot design was developed and data underwent analysis of variance with means compared by the Tukey's test at 5% significance. Concerning bovine and swine inocula, it was concluded that both are indicated in the process. However, swine inoculum is better indicated because it had a better removal of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and COD.
Stable nano-silver colloid production via Laser Ablation Synthesis in Solution (LASiS) under laminar recirculatory flow

ABSTRACT As nanomaterials find applications in an increasingly diverse range of fields such as wastewater treatment, biotechnology and flexible electronics, the demand for nanomaterials with specific properties has increased. This increase is coupled with an increasing emphasis on nanomaterials with highly specific properties for specialised applications. Industrially, nanomaterials are produced via wet-chemical techniques which employ the use of solvents and reagents which are environmentally harmful. As we move forward with the use of nanomaterials, the ability to produce nanomaterials in a sustainable manner has become a topic of great significance. Towards this end, Laser Ablation Synthesis in Solution (LASiS) is a physical production technique capable of producing tailored nanomaterial colloids in a sustainable manner. These colloids are produced by ablating a solid target immersed in a solvent using a laser. Typically, LASiS is conducted in a batch process and in small volumes limiting commercial viability. To overcome this, there has been a move towards the use of continuous production via LASiS using flow systems. This allows an increase in nanomaterial yield, resulting in colloid concentrations approaching those of commercial colloids. This work investigates a new production technique incorporating a laminar recirculatory flow system to produce stable high concentration nano-silver colloids.
Effectiveness of Entropy Weight Method in Decision-Making

Entropy weight method (EWM) is a commonly used weighting method that measures value dispersion in decision-making. The greater the degree of dispersion, the greater the degree of differentiation, and more information can be derived. Meanwhile, higher weight should be given to the index, and vice versa. This study shows that the rationality of the EWM in decision-making is questionable. One example is water source site selection, which is generated by Monte Carlo Simulation. First, too many zero values result in the standardization result of the EWM being prone to distortion. Subsequently, this outcome will lead to immense index weight with low actual differentiation degree. Second, in multi-index decision-making involving classification, the classification degree can accurately reflect the information amount of the index. However, the EWM only considers the numerical discrimination degree of the index and ignores rank discrimination. These two shortcomings indicate that the EWM cannot correctly reflect the importance of the index weight, thus resulting in distorted decision-making results.
“Protein A” from Staphylococcus Aureus III. Reaction with Rabbit γ-Globulin

Summary Protein A of Staphylococcus aureus precipitates in agar gel normal rabbit γG-globulin and a rabbit anti-protein A γG preparation. In both cases there seem to be reactive regions located in the Fc fragments of the γG-globulin molecule, i.e., structural parts which currently are not believed to contain true antibody active sites. We did not observe a reaction between protein A and the Fab fragments of normal rabbit γG-globulin or rabbit anti-protein A. It is possible that soluble complexes were formed which were not detectable by the methods used.