Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) supplementation on faecal microbiota, body composition and iron status markers in overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the effect of whole meat GSM powder on gut microbiota abundance, body composition and iron status markers in healthy overweight or obese postmenopausal women. This was a 3-months trial involving forty-nine healthy postmenopausal women with body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2 who were randomly assigned to receive 3 g/d of either GSM powder (n 25) or placebo (n 24). The gut microbe abundance, serum iron status markers and body composition were measured at the baseline and the end of the study. The between-group comparison at the baseline showed a lower abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium XIVa in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P = 0⋅04). At the baseline, the body fat (BF)% and gynoid fat% were higher in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P < 0⋅05). No significant changes were found in any of the outcome measures, except for ferritin levels that showed a significant reduction over time (time effect P = 0⋅01). Some trend was observed in bacteria including Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium which tended to increase in the GSM group while their abundance decreased or remained at their baseline level in the control group. Supplementation with GSM powder did not result in any significant changes in gut microbe abundance, body composition and iron markers compared with placebo. However, some commensal bacteria such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria tended to increase following supplementation with GSM powder. Overall, these findings can expand the knowledge surrounding the effects of whole GSM powder on these outcome measures in healthy postmenopausal women.
“Often People Don't Understand the Complex World”: How Local Governments Respond to Political Contestation About the Smart City

Governments introducing smart city technologies increasingly encounter political contestation. The deliberative perspective aims to overcome contestation by seeking consensus through deliberation. The agonistic perspective critiques this deliberative perspective, arguing that emphasizing consensus-building in response to contestation can lead to a ‘post-political’ debate excluding certain citizens and opinions. This article presents an empirical assessment of this critique by analyzing governments responses to contestation about the smart city and its potentially depoliticizing implications. Therefore, 17 vignette interviews were conducted with civil servants working at major local governments in the Netherlands. The results reveal three depoliticizing responses in the smart city debate: (1) local governments aim to include everyone, but only if citizens act and behave in a way that they perceive as rational and reasonable; (2) local governments welcome a variety of viewpoints, but only if these views do not contradict what they see as the natural order and common sense; and (3) local governments allow for contestation, but only if it is perceived as being provided at the right time and in the right context. Two tentative explanations for depoliticizing responses are presented: a silent ideology within the government and a lack of practical methods to organize agonistic channels for engagement.
Development of Students’ Technology, Cognitive and Content Knowledge (TSCCK) through a cloud to enhance Vocational students’ cognitive load and learning achievement

Science and technology's applications in education are receiving increasing attention year by year. Based on cognitive load theory, this study used the cloud to develop the TSCCK model for vocational students to improve their cognitive load and academic performance. To define the three cognitive concepts of student technology knowledge (STK), student content knowledge (SK), and student cognitive knowledge (SCK). The study used the research and development method, the steps were: to study, analyze, and synthesize cognitive load theory for the development of the TSCCK model: document research, which includes the data source, research instruments, and data analysis. Finally, through the above three steps, we obtained the following results: Assumption and inspiration about the concept of the model; The original TSCCK model; Cloud with TSCCK.
A Study of Undergraduate Students' Learning Satisfaction and Influencing Factors in Blended Learning: ——A case study of a university in West China

The "Internet + Education" has brought a new ecology to education and teaching. The blended teaching born in the context of this era brings new opportunities and challenges to the development of teaching and learning in university classrooms. Based on the perspectives of teachers and students, this study constructs a five-factor learning satisfaction influence model of multiple evaluation methods , teaching ability, teaching attitude, metacognitive self-regulation and learning motivation; proposes research hypotheses and uses survey research to investigate and analyze undergraduate students in a blended learning environment to verify the model and hypotheses. The results showed that teachers' multiple evaluation methods and teaching ability had positive effects on undergraduate students' learning satisfaction, and teaching attitude had little effect on learning satisfaction; undergraduate students' metacognitive self-regulation and learning motivation positively predicted learning satisfaction; and the three factors from teachers' perspective had significant effects on undergraduate students' metacognitive self-regulation and learning motivation. Based on this, strategies for enhancing students' learning satisfaction in blended learning are proposed in order to provide reference and support for subsequent related studies.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Filenchus multistriatus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchidae) and Data on a Known Species of the Genus from Bushehr Province, Southern Iran

Abstract During a nematological survey in southern Iran, a population belonging to the family Tylenchidae was recovered from a tomato field in Bushehr province. The recovered population belongs to the genus Filenchus, was described and illustrated herein as F. multistriatus n. sp. It is mainly characterized by having a wide and low annulated lip region continuous with adjacent body; amphidial openings confined to the labial plate; four lines in lateral fields forming three bands, with the two outer bands broken by transverse, and the inner one broken by both transverse and longitudinal lines; and median bulb oval with visible valve and elongate-conoid tail uniformly and gradually narrowing toward the distal region, ending in a widely rounded tip. Its morphological and morphometric differences with three closely similar species were discussed. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant genera and species were reconstructed using partial sequences of small, and large subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) sequences. Morphometric and morphological data were also provided for an Iranian population of F. sandneri recovered from Bushehr province. Both populations were characterised using SEM data.
Hi-Fi fMRI: High-resolution, fast-sampled and sub-second whole-brain functional MRI at 3T in humans

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a methodological cornerstone of neuroscience. Most studies measure blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal using echo-planar imaging (EPI), Cartesian sampling, and image reconstruction with a one-to-one correspondence between the number of acquired volumes and reconstructed images. However, EPI schemes are subject to trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolutions. We overcome these limitations by measuring BOLD with a gradient recalled echo (GRE) with 3D radial-spiral phyllotaxis trajectory at a high sampling rate (28.24ms) on standard 3T field-strength. The framework enables the reconstruction of 3D signal time courses with whole-brain coverage at simultaneously higher spatial (1mm3) and temporal (up to 250ms) resolutions, as compared to optimized EPI schemes. Additionally, artifacts are corrected before image reconstruction; the desired temporal resolution is chosen after scanning and without assumptions on the shape of the hemodynamic response. By showing activation in the calcarine sulcus of 20 participants performing an ON-OFF visual paradigm, we demonstrate the reliability of our method for cognitive neuroscience research.
JUDGMENT OF FLOORS BEEN CONSIDERED TO BE INFERIOR BY FOOT TOUCHING

Recently, there were some floors which were good by previous evaluation method but which were considered to be low. Reason of low was investigated. Sensory scale about deformation of floors was made by sensory tests. But correlation between this scale and the previous physical values of floors was not enough. Factor of bad correlation was estimated as some kind of softness during foot touching. Then provisional method to measure the softness was developed. Another physical values with this method were effective to improvement of bad correlation. As a result, the reason of inferior was detected.
Immersive scene representation in human visual cortex with ultra-wide angle neuroimaging

While humans experience the visual environment in a panoramic 220° view, traditional functional MRI setups are limited to display images like postcards in the central 10-15° of the visual field. Thus, it remains unknown how a scene is represented in the brain when perceived across the full visual field. Here, we developed a novel method for ultra-wide angle visual presentation and probed for signatures of immersive scene representation. To accomplish this, we bounced the projected image off angled-mirrors directly onto a custom-built curved screen, creating an unobstructed view of 175°. Scene images were created from custom-built virtual environments with a compatible wide field-of-view to avoid perceptual distortion. We found that immersive scene representation drives medial cortex with far-peripheral preferences, but surprisingly had little effect on classic scene regions. That is, scene regions showed relatively minimal modulation over dramatic changes of visual size. Further, we found that scene and face-selective regions maintain their content preferences even under conditions of central scotoma, when only the extreme far-peripheral visual field is stimulated. These results highlight that not all far-peripheral information is automatically integrated into the computations of scene regions, and that there are routes to high-level visual areas that do not require direct stimulation of the central visual field. Broadly, this work provides new clarifying evidence on content vs. peripheral preferences in scene representation, and opens new neuroimaging research avenues to understand immersive visual representation.
Elevated glycolytic metabolism of monocytes limits the generation of HIF-1α-driven migratory dendritic cells in tuberculosis

During tuberculosis, migration of dendritic cells (DCs) from the site of infection to the draining lymph nodes is known to be impaired, hindering the rapid development of protective T-cell mediated immunity. However, the mechanisms involved in the delayed migration of DCs during TB are still poorly defined. Here, we found that infection of DCs with Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggers HIF-1α-mediated aerobic glycolysis in a TLR2-dependent manner, and that this metabolic profile is essential for DC migration. In particular, the glycolysis inhibitor oxamate and the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 abrogated M. tuberculosis-induced DC migration in vitro to the lymphoid tissue-specific chemokine CCL21, and in vivo to lymph nodes in mice. Strikingly, we found that although monocytes from TB patients are inherently biased toward glycolysis metabolism, they differentiate into poorly glycolytic and poorly migratory DCs, compared with healthy subjects. Taken together, these data suggest that because of their preexisting glycolytic state, circulating monocytes from TB patients are refractory to differentiation into migratory DCs, which may explain the delayed migration of these cells during the disease and opens avenues for host-directed therapies for TB. Graphical Abstract
Powering single-cell analyses in the browser with WebAssembly

We present kana, a web application for interactive single-cell ‘omics data analysis in the browser. Like, literally, in the browser: kana leverages web technologies such as WebAssembly to efficiently perform the relevant computations on the user’s machine, avoiding the need to provision and maintain a backend service. The application provides a streamlined one-click workflow for the main steps in a typical single-cell analysis, starting from a count matrix and finishing with marker detection. Results are presented in an intuitive web interface for further exploration and iterative analysis. Testing on public datasets shows that kana can analyze over 100,000 cells within 5 minutes on a typical laptop.
Allochthonous groundwater microorganisms affect coastal seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a globally important process supplying nutrients and trace elements to the coastal environment, thus playing a pivotal role in sustaining marine primary productivity. Along with nutrients, groundwater also contains allochthonous microbes that are discharged from the terrestrial subsurface into the sea. Currently, little is known about the interactions between groundwater-borne and coastal seawater microbial populations, and their role upon introduction to coastal seawater populations. Here, we investigated seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity in a site strongly influenced by SGD (in-situ observations), and through laboratory-controlled bottle incubations mimicking different mixing scenarios between SGD (either ambient or filtered through 0.1 µm/0.22 µm) and seawater. Our results demonstrate that the addition of <0.1 µm SGD stimulated heterotrophic activity and increased microbial abundance compared to control, whereas <0.22 µm filtration treatments induced primary productivity rates and Synechococcus growth. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed a strong shift from a SAR11-rich community in the reference SGD-unaffected coastal samples to a Rhodobacteraceae-dominated one in the <0.1 µm treatment, in agreement with their in-situ enrichment in the SGD field site. These results suggest that despite the significant nutrient input, microbes delivered by SGD may affect the abundance, activity and diversity of intrinsic microbes in coastal seawater. Our results highlight the cryptic interplay between groundwater and seawater microbes in coastal environments, which has important implications for carbon cycling and climate. Key Points: Groundwater discharge into the coastal zone delivers both nutrients and allochthonous microbes. Groundwater microbes interact with seawater populations, by which affecting the delicate autotroph-heterotroph balance. Subterranean microbial processes are key drivers of food webs, potentially affecting biogenic carbon fluxes in the ocean and climate.
Comprehensively defining cellular specializations for initiating parallel auditory pathways in the mouse cochlear nucleus

The cochlear nucleus (CN), the starting point for all auditory processing in the brain, comprises a suite of well-defined cell types that are morphologically and biophysically specialized for initiating parallel processing pathways, yet their molecular distinctions are largely unknown. To determine how their functional specialization is determined at the molecular level, we employed a single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis of the mouse CN to transcriptomically define its cell types and then related each molecularly distinct cell type to well-established cell type via Patch-seq, an approach linking singlecell transcriptome to their morphological/electrophysiological features. We reveal a one-to-one correspondence between an expanded set of molecular cell types and all previously described major types. Our approach also yields a set of novel markers for these cell types, as well as clear molecular subtypes for several major principal cell types. This study thus establishes the CN as a brain region
New roles for an old cyclin in control of cell cycle entry and cell size

Entry into the cell cycle in late G1 phase occurs only when sufficient growth has occurred. In budding yeast, a cyclin called Cln3 is thought to link cell cycle entry to cell growth. Cln3 accumulates during growth in early G1 phase and eventually triggers accumulation of late G1 phase cyclins that drive cell cycle entry. All current models for cell cycle entry assume that expression of late G1 phase cyclins is initiated at the transcriptional level. Current models also assume that the sole function of Cln3 in cell cycle entry is to promote transcription of late G1 phase cyclins, and that Cln3 works solely in G1 phase. Here, we show that cell cycle-dependent expression of late G1 phase cyclins does not require cell cycle-dependent transcription. Moreover, Cln3 can influence accumulation of late G1 phase cyclin proteins via post-transcriptional mechanisms. Finally, we show that Cln3 has functions in mitosis that strongly influence cell size. Together, these discoveries reveal surprising new functions for Cln3 that challenge current models for control of cell cycle entry and cell size.
Neuroevolution Methods for Organizing the Search for Anomalies in Time Series

This paper is devoted to the problem of detecting and classifying anomalies for time series data. Some of the important applications of time series anomaly detection are healthcare, fraud detection, and system failure recognition. Despite scientists extensive experience in detecting anomalies in time series, most methods look for individual objects that differ from ordinary objects, but do not take into account the specifics of the data sequence [1]. In this paper, a method for detecting anomalies and clastering time series based on neuro-evolutionary approaches is proposed. Prediction-based methods are used to detect anomalies: statistical and deep neural networks are used. Classical clustering methods that accept statistical parameters of series were used for clustering.
Research and Software Implementation of Intelligent Method of Energy Consumption Control

The popular intelligent methods for improving the efficiency of energy consumption in a home automation system have been investigated in this paper. The intelligent method for controlling energy consumption has been developed. It differs from the existing ones in an integrated approach based on predicting electricity generation using a Feedforward neural network, as well as optimizing the schedule for using electrical appliances based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm with the proposed system of priorities. The intelligent support subsystem has been created, the integration of which into the home automation system will allow users to control the processes of generation and consumption of electricity, effectively use household appliances and save resources.
Drosophila melanogaster as a model to study autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases induced by proteinopathies

Proteinopathies are a large group of neurodegenerative diseases caused by both genetic and sporadic mutations in particular genes which can lead to alterations of the protein structure and to the formation of aggregates, especially toxic for neurons. Autophagy is a key mechanism for clearing those aggregates and its function has been strongly associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), hence mutations in both pathways have been associated with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those induced by protein misfolding and accumulation of aggregates. Many crucial discoveries regarding the molecular and cellular events underlying the role of autophagy in these diseases have come from studies using Drosophila models. Indeed, despite the physiological and morphological differences between the fly and the human brain, most of the biochemical and molecular aspects regulating protein homeostasis, including autophagy, are conserved between the two species.In this review, we will provide an overview of the most common neurodegenerative proteinopathies, which include PolyQ diseases (Huntington’s disease, Spinocerebellar ataxia 1, 2, and 3), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (C9orf72, SOD1, TDP-43, FUS), Alzheimer’s disease (APP, Tau) Parkinson’s disease (a-syn, parkin and PINK1, LRRK2) and prion diseases, highlighting the studies using Drosophila that have contributed to understanding the conserved mechanisms and elucidating the role of autophagy in these diseases.
Prognostic impact of the loss of E-cadherin and de novo expression of N-cadherin at the invasive front of primary and recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological mechanism in multiple pathophysiological diseases. Related alterations in cadherin expression play a crucial role in carcinogenesis, progression, angiogenesis, and immune response. EMT cells exhibit a transition from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype (cadherin-switch). This process is characterized by the de novo development of N-cadherin (N-CAD), which replaces E-cadherin (E-CAD) and signifies an increased migratory capacity and malignant transformation. The cadherin switch is a hallmark of EMT and has been studied in various cancer entities. We predicted that the cadherin switch in the primary and recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma (re-OSCC) tissues is an inherent characteristic of the tumor, affects the biologic behavior, and further reflects the post-recurrence survival outcome of these patients. Survival outcome was analyzed by calculating the post-recurrence survival of the high-risk group and correlating the standardized h-score-based IHC expression of both cadherin types with the clinical follow-up. 94 patients with re-OSCC were observed within the cohort. Tissue samples from both primary and recurring tumors were collected. There was a significant association between loss of E-CAD expression and both oral cancer-specific and overall survival, (HR=2.72, CI:1.50-4.95, p=0.001) and (HR=3.84, CI:1.93-7.63, p=0.001), respectively, for expression loss higher than 60%. There was no statistically significant correlation between N-CAD de novo expression and Overall, oral cancer-specific and disease-free post-recurrence survival. The current study clearly shows that cadherin-switch, identified as E-CAD loss and N-CAD de novo expression in the invasion front of a re-OSCC, appears to be an inherent histological hallmark that does not change from primary manifestation to recurrence within the same tumor, regardless of the form of adjuvant therapy used for the primary tumor. The loss of E-CAD expression in re-OSCC is an independent risk factor for poor survival, and may be used to stratify therapy and de/escalate the multimodal treatment.