Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the numerical integration of one nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation

In the present paper the author considers initial-boundary value problem to one nonlinear partial differential equation of Parabolic Type. For the mentioned problem author constructs its discrete analogous, and in certain conditions proves the convergence of its solution to the solution of the source problem. For the same discrete analogous the comparison theorem is proved and the uniqueness of the solution is obtained. The iteration process for finding of the solution of discrete analogous is constructed and in certain conditions its convergence to the solution of the discrete analogous is obtained.
On simulation methods for Vlasov-Poisson systems with particles initially asymptotically distributed

A convergence theory is developed for simulation methods when particles are initially asymptotically distributed with respect to the initial data. Previous studies have focused on a type of uniform distribution of particles initially, whereby a mesh is superimposed on phase space and a particle with appropriate weight is inserted into each cell. This analysis entails fundamentally extending the existence theory of E. Horst [Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 3 (1981), pp. 229–248], whereby the existence of unique solutions to Vlasov–Poisson systems was shown as the limit of solutions to mollified problems. Numerical results are given which compare various types of initial particle distributions.
Test of Novel Self-Centering Energy Dissipative Braces with Pre-Pressed Disc Springs and U-Shaped Steel Plates

ABSTRACT To control the residual displacement of the structure after strong earthquakes, this paper develops and validates a novel brace, i.e. the self-centering energy dissipative brace with pre-pressed disc springs and U-shaped steel plates (SCEDB-U). The pre-pressed disc springs are used for recovering nonlinear deformation and the U-shaped steel plates are used for dissipating energy. Initially, the configuration and working principle are described in detail. Then the analytical equations governing the cyclic behavior of the brace are derived. To confirm the concept, the large-scale bracing specimens are designed and manufactured for the quasi-static cyclic loading tests. In the tests, the varied parameters included the plate width of the U-shaped steel plates and the pre-pressure magnitude of the stacked disc springs. Besides, the high-fidelity three-dimensional finite element (FE) models of SCEDB-U are established. According to the experimental data, the SCEDB-U has typical flag-shaped hysteresis, which is characterized by excellent self-centering capability and stable energy dissipation ability. It also indicates that increasing the plate width of U-shaped steel plates can effectively improve the energy dissipation capacity, but may induce residual displacement; increasing the pre-pressure magnitude of disc springs could improve self-centering ability. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data; hence, the FE models can be further utilized for parametric analysis, initial design and optimization.
Factors Contributing to Students Engagement: A Case Study at the Institute of Medicine at SUT

In higher education, much attention has been focused on the enhancement of the educational experience, allowing students to successfully develop and thus make the most of not only their potential, but also the numerous other benefits education has to offer. Being engaged both institutionally and academically plays a vital part in developing their potential and performance. Therefore, this paper studied the engagement level towards the academics at the Institute of medicine. Factors contributing to institutional engagement were also analyzed. The participants include 229 medical students. Each participant was asked to answer a general demographic questionnaire, the Institute engagement questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale–Student version (UWES-S) questionnaire, and a questionnaire of all relevant factors. Student engagement was assessed through statistical analysis. These included percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression of the constituent factors. The Institute engagement level was 3.73. Factors that significantly pertained to the engagement level were teachers (p = 0.01*), staff (p = 0.01*), friends (p = 0.02*), and seniors peers (p = 0.03*), respectively. Academic engagement was found to vary by the level of study. Medical students in their 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years exhibited engagement levels of 4.94, 4.87, and 4.55, respectively. Given the group, students’ engagement toward the university was of a high level. The most important contributing factors were their relationship with teachers, staff, friends, and senior peers. However, the academic engagement level tended to decrease as study progressed. It was conjectured that this notable decrease resulted from increasing complexity in the program as specified by the curriculum. Positively engaged students better adapt to the academic context of higher education. Hence, they are much likely to succeed.
THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION ON PRODUCT IMAGE ADVERTISED ON YOUTUBE

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to describe consumers' perceptions of YouTube commercials and to examine the impact of consumer perception on the product image. Online media aids in the efficient or wider reach of advertisements. However, several studies have found that consumers are upset by video commercials and thus use skip ad features. The disparity between consumer perceptions of YouTube ads and marketer perceptions of Youtube ads may result in unproductive marketer advertising decisions when selecting the YouTube platform. Methods: According to Dharmasraya Central Statistic Department data, the research population is Youtube users who live in four districts with a total population of 120.979 persons. Non-probability sampling was used to determine the research sample. Using Isaac and Michael's sampling formula, the sample size is 347 people. Product image is the dependent variable, and the independent factors are irritation, informativeness, and purchase. To collect data, valid and reliable questionnaires with a five-stage Likert scale were employed, and SPSS 20.0 was used to assess the study hypotheses. Results: The results demonstrate that customer impression of irritation toward YouTube advertisements has little effect on the product image, however informativeness of YouTube ads and purchase have a substantial effect on the product image. Variable independence has a large and simultaneous impact on the product image. Conclusion and suggestion: This finding indicates that respondent perceptions of how informative YouTube commercials are and their product purchase experiences based on YouTube ads have a favorable and significant impact on product images displayed on YouTube. Other findings show that regardless of how frequently respondents skip YouTube.
The Relationship between Mindfulness and Social Adaptation among Migrant Children in China: The Sequential Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Resilience

Social adaptation of migrant children is not only related to the physical and mental health and development of individuals, but also reflects the level of urban social integration and stable development. Mindfulness has a protective effect on individual social adaptation. Self-esteem and resilience were found to be positively associated with mindfulness and social adaptation. Based on the Positive Youth Development Perspective, this study aimed to explore whether self-esteem and resilience sequentially mediated the associations among mindfulness and social adaptation. A total of 526 migrant children were assessed with the questionnaires regarding mindfulness, self-esteem, resilience, and social adaptation. The results indicated that mindfulness was positively associated with social adaptation of migrant children. Self-esteem and resilience played the sequential mediating roles between mindfulness and social adaptation. The present study revealed the influence and mechanism of mindfulness on social adaptation and provided some guidance for the intervention programs to promote migrant children’s adaptability.
Visualizing the ac magnetic susceptibility of superconducting films via magneto-optical imaging

We have established a link between the global ac response and the local flux distribution of superconducting films by combining magnetic ac susceptibility, dc magnetization, and magneto-optical measurements. The investigated samples are three Nb films: a plain specimen, used as a reference sample, and other two films patterned with square arrays of antidots. At low temperatures and small ac amplitudes of the excitation field, the Meissner screening prevents penetration of flux into the sample. Above a certain ac drive threshold, flux avalanches are triggered during the first cycle of the ac excitation. The subsequent periodic removal, inversion, and rise of flux occurs essentially through the already-created dendrites, giving rise to an ac susceptibility signal weakly dependent on the applied field. The intradendrite flux oscillation is followed, at higher values of the excitation field, by a more drastic process consisting of creation of new dendrites and antidendrites. In this more invasive regime, the ac susceptibility shows a clear field dependence. At higher temperatures a smooth penetration occurs, and the flux profile is characteristic of a critical state. We have also shown that the regime dominated by vortex avalanches can be reliably identified by ac susceptibility measurements.
Molecular gas in high-luminosity IRAS galaxies

The paper reports observations of CO(J = 1-0) emission from an unbiased sample of the highest-luminosity IRAS galaxies with the aim of measuring their molecular gas content and determining whether star formation is a viable energy source for these high luminosities. All of the observed galaxies are rich in molecular gas with H2 masses in the range (4 x 10 to the 9th)-(4 x 10 to the 10th) solar masses. Their primary luminosity source appears to be star formation in molecular clouds. The majority, if not all, of the most luminous IRAS galaxies (L-FIR greater than 10 to the 11th solar luminosities) appear to be strongly interacting systems; those with the highest L-FIR/M(H2) ratios are mergers or close contact pairs. 14 references.
Simple Molecules as Hole Transport Materials Enabled by Solvothermal Technology: Towards Solution-Processable Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells

Introduction of hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) announced a beautiful blueprint for a performance boost of solar–electricity conversion device. However, using structurally simple and commercially available organic small molecules [e.g., benzothiophene (BT)] as HTMs is hardly possible from energy levels. This is because their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels are lower than the valence band of perovskite, inhibiting the hole transport. Here, the solvothermal treatment for the simple BT with unsaturated rigid planar structure and heteroatom has been proposed, which is unusual because of oxygen-containing solvent participated in the carbonization. The emergence of a new functional group C-O-C in the product carbon dot (BT-CD) elevates HOMO value, making BT-CD more closely match the valence band of perovskite. Thus, all-air processed carbon-based PSCs modified with BT-CD show a fairly good power conversion efficiency of 13.22%. Our exploration broadens the choice of HTM and reduces the manufacturing costs of PSCs.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Short-Packet Uplink Communications: A Finite Blocklength Analysis

In this letter, we investigate the performance of Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) for an uplink communication system with finite blocklegnth (FBL). Considering a two-user Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) Multiple Access Channel (MAC), we study the impact of blocklength and target rate on the throughput and error probability performance of RSMA where one user message is split. We demonstrate that RSMA can outperform Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in terms of throughput and error probability performance.
AN APPROXIMATION TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF QUADRATIC FORMS IN NORMAL RANDOM VARIABLES

summary A new approximation to the distribution of quadratic forms in normal random variables is derived. It is based on the Edgeworth expansion and a bound on the error involved in the approximation is given. The new approximation is compared with others for a particular quadratic form which arises in the estimation of variance in a non-parametric regression.
CXCL12 and CXCL13 Cytokine Serum Levels Are Associated with the Magnitude and the Quality of SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Responses

A better understanding of the immunological markers associated with long-lasting immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection is of paramount importance. In the present study, we characterized SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral responses in hospitalized (ICU and non-ICU) and non-hospitalized individuals at six months post-onset of symptoms (POS) (N = 95). We showed that the proportion of individuals with detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or neutralizing (NAb) responses and the titers of antibodies were significantly reduced in non-hospitalized individuals, compared to ICU- or non-ICU-hospitalized individuals at 6 months POS. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells persist at 6 months POS in both ICU and non-ICU patients and were enriched in cells harboring an activated and/or exhausted phenotype. The frequency/phenotype of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells and the magnitude of IgG or NAb responses at 6 months POS correlated with the serum immune signature detected at patient admission. In particular, the serum levels of CXCL13, IL-1RA, and G-CSF directly correlated with the frequency of Spike-specific B cells and the magnitude of Spike-specific IgG or NAb, while the serum levels of CXCL12 showed an antagonizing effect. Our results indicate that the balance between CXCL12 and CXCL13 is an early marker associated with the magnitude and the quality of the SARS-CoV-2 humoral memory.
Frequency dependence of sensitivity to interaural phase differences in pure tones.

It is well established that in normal-hearing humans, the threshold of interaural time differences for pure tones increases dramatically above about 1300 Hz, only to become unmeasurable above 1400 Hz. However, physiological data and auditory models suggest that the actual decline in sensitivity is more gradual and only appears to be abrupt because the maximum of the psychometric function dips below the threshold proportion correct, e.g., 0.794. Published data only report thresholds at certain proportions correct but not the decline of proportions correct or of the sensitivity index d' with increasing frequencies. Here, we present pure-tone behavioral data obtained with a constant stimulus procedure. Seven of nine subjects showed proportions correct above 0.9 at 1300 Hz and virtually no sensitivity at 1500 Hz (proportion correct within 0.07 of chance level). This corresponds to a sensitivity decline of 46-78 dB/oct, much steeper than predicted by existing models or by the decline of phase locking of the auditory nerve fibers in animal data.
HYDRAULICS OF RECTANGULAR VERTICAL DROP STRUCTURES

Previous works of Moore, White, and Rand on the characteristics of the free overfall drop structures are briefly reviewed. A simple theory initially proposed by White is modified by introducing lesser drastic assumptions than the ones on which White's theory is based. The resulting theory is in closer agreement with experiment and the empirical equations of Rand than White's theory. Experimental results are also given on the brink depth as an appendix.
Connection between Spin, Statistics, and Kinks

Sufficiently nonlinear classical fields admit modes called kinks, whose number is strictly conserved in virtue of boundary conditions and continuity of the field as a function of space and time. In a quantum theory of such fields, with canonical commutation (not anticommutation) relations, kinks and their conservation still persist, and even if the intrinsic angular momentum is an integer, a rotating kink can have half‐odd angular momentum, if double‐valued state functionals are admitted. We formulate a natural concept of exchange appropriate for kinks. The principal result is that for fields with integer‐valued intrinsic angular momentum, the observed relation between spin and (exchange) statistics follows from continuity alone, parastatistics being excluded. It is likely that in the theories with even (odd) exchange statistics, suitable creation operators will commute (anticommute). We show that, while the rotational spectrum of a kink will in general possess both integer and half‐odd spin states, in fi.
Assessment of alveolar bone changes in response to minimally invasive periodontal surgery: A cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of alveolar bone changes in patients who underwent minimally invasive periodontal surgery-namely, the pinhole surgical technique (PST). Materials and Methods Alveolar bone height was measured and compared on CBCT images of 254 teeth from 23 consecutive patients with Miller class I, II, or III recession who had undergone PST. No patient with active periodontal disease was selected for surgery. Two different methods were used to assess the alveolar bone changes postoperatively. In both methods, the distance between the apex of the tooth and the mid-buccal alveolar crestal bone on pre- and post-surgical CBCT studies was measured. Results An average alveolar bone gain >0.5 mm following PST was identified using CBCT (P=0.05). None of the demographic variables, including sex, age, and time since surgery, had any significant effect on bone gain during follow-up, which ranged from 8 months to 3 years. Conclusion PST appears to be a promising treatment modality for recession that results in stable clinical outcomes and may lead to some level of resolution on the bone level. More long-term studies must be done to evaluate the impact of this novel technique on bone remodeling and to assess sustained bone levels within a larger study population.
Atmospheric Spectral Transmittance And Radiance: FASCOD1 B

A model and computer code, FASCODE1 (Fast Atmospheric Signature Code) has been developed for the line-by-line calculation of radiance and transmittance with particular applicability to the earth's atmosphere. An algorithm for the accelerated convolution of line shape functions (Lorentz, Voigt and Doppler) with spectral line data is used. The contribution from continuum absorption is included in the model. The method is described and applications of the present code, FASCOD1B, are presented.
Application of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility to construct the palaeocurrent direction using slender fossil orientations

Oriented samples were collected in the southern Mongolia Plateau and north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau to detect links between microstructural features, which are inferred from magnetic fabrics, and outcrop‐scale sedimentary structures that include slender fossil orientations. Palaeocurrent imprints in particles and their recognition in magnetic fabrics depend on the kinetics of current and any post‐depositional reworking. Here, we restored the flooding palaeocurrent direction through the statistical orientation of slender fossils and imprints indicated by magnetic fabric patterns in the sediments. We found that the tilt response of the minimum susceptibility axes preserves more links to the dynamic orientation of fossil deposits, while the maximum susceptibility axes may be easily reworked by a weak but long‐term tectonic compression. Comparing the two methods reveals the correlation between fossil distribution and magnetic fabric. The dynamic identification of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility on large quantitative samples contributes to provide an alternative way for further statistics of fine‐grained sediments and fabric arrangement.
Autonomic modulation by low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation of the vagus nerve

Objective. Our previous study has shown that low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (FUS) of the vagus nerve could modulate blood pressure (BP), but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that low-intensity FUS of the vagus nerve would regulate autonomic function and thus BP. Approach. 17 anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with low-intensity FUS of the left vagus nerve for 15 min each trial. Continuous BP, heart rate, respiration rate (RR), and core body temperature were simultaneously recorded to evaluate the effects on BP and other physiological parameters. Heart rate variability (HRV), systolic BP variability, and baroreflex sensitivity were computed to evaluate the autonomic modulation function. A Control-sham group without stimulation and another Control-FUS group with non-target stimulation were also examined to exclude the influence of potential confounding factors on autonomic modulation. Main results. A prolonged significant decrease in BP, pulse pressure, RR, the normalized low-frequency power of HRV, and the low-to-high frequency power ratio of HRV were found after the low-intensity FUS of the left vagus nerve in comparison with the baseline and those of the control groups, demonstrating that activities of the sympathetic nervous system were inhibited. The prolonged significant increase of the normalized high-frequency power of HRV suggested the activation of parasympathetic activity. Significance. Low-intensity FUS of the left vagus nerve effectively improved the autonomic function by activating parasympathetic efferent and inhibiting sympathetic efferent, which contributes to BP reduction. The findings shed light on the hypotensive mechanism underlying FUS.
Non-Adherence to Antidepressant Treatment and Related Factors in a Region of Spain: A Population-Based Registry Study

Antidepressants are a commonly prescribed psychotropic medication, and their use has increased in recent years. Medication non-adherence in patients with mental disorders is associated with worse health outcomes. A population-based registry study to assess antidepressant non-adherence during 2021 has been carried out. An indirect method based on the medication possession ratio (MPR) has been utilized. Patients with a MPR under 80% were classified as non-adherent. A multivariate logistic regression to identify non-adherence predictors has been used, considering sociodemographic (age, sex, institutionalization and urbanicity) and health related variables (diagnostics, antidepressant class, multiple prescribers, and polypharmacy). In 2021, 10.6% of the Castile and Leon population used antidepressants. These patients were institutionalized (7.29%), living in urban areas (63.44%), polymedicated with multiple prescribers (57.07%), and using serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (54.77%), other antidepressants (46.82%) or tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (13.76%). Antidepressants were prescribed mainly for depression (36.73%) and anxiety (29.24%). Non-adherence to antidepressants was more frequent in men (20.56%) than in woman (19.59%) and decreased with increasing age (32% up to 17 years old vs. 13.76% over 80 years old). TCAs were associated with the highest prevalence of non-adherence (23.99%), followed by SSRIs (20.19%) and other antidepressants (18.5%). Predictors of non-adherence in patients on antidepressants were: living in urban areas, using TCAs, and pain occurrence. Non-adherence to antidepressants decreases with aging. Being female, institutionalization, being polymedicated and having depression/anxiety alongside another psychiatric diagnosis are protective factors against non-adherence. The MPR is a robust indicator for the clinician to identify non-adherent patients for monitoring, and adopt any necessary corrective actions.