Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Counterexample-guided correlation algorithm for translation validation

Automatic translation validation across the unoptimized intermediate representation (IR) of the original source code and the optimized executable assembly code is a desirable capability, and has the potential to compete with existing approaches to verified compilation such as CompCert. A difficult subproblem is the automatic identification of the correlations across the transitions between the two programs' respective locations. We present a counterexample-guided algorithm to identify these correlations in a robust and scalable manner. Our algorithm has both theoretical and empirical advantages over prior work in this problem space.
Global product development: an attempt at harmonising the research effort

More companies are increasingly globalising activities throughout the product development process, from R&D to manufacturing. This presents companies with both technical and organisational challenges. These are addressed in different theoretical areas, in particular within Engineering Design & Development, Organizational Studies, and Operations Management. These research areas all contribute different insights into how the global product development process can be viewed, understood and analysed. This paper overviews current research in these research areas and illustrates that by creating a synthesis which utilizes the empirical insights and theories from these areas, a more holistic picture can be painted of global product development.
Biosynthesis of cyclotides

Book chapter postprint DOI: 10.1016/bs.abr. 2015.08. 005 License: Sherpa/Romeo 0065-2296 Abstract: Cyclotides are gene-encoded, ribosomally produced cyclic proteins. Their biosynthesis is a multistep process involving several enzymes for translation, disulphide isomerization, transport, cleavage and, finally, cyclization. Here, we describe this process, focusing on the cyclization step and the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) that performs it. Cyclotide precursor proteins contain prodomains that direct organelle targeting and contain sequences necessary for cyclization in addition to the one or more domains that make up the final cyclic product. The VPEs are a family of cysteine proteases that perform cyclization by an adaptation of their more commonly described proteolysis mechanism. VPE-mediated cyclization is dependent on the presence of short recognition sequences (within and flanking the mature cyclotide domain) which have been characterized in vivo and in vitro for the prototypical cyclotide kalata B1. Finally, we compare cyclization by VPEs to other methods of protein cyclization found in nature or developed for biotechnology. Understanding cyclotide biosynthesis is important for both fundamental science, and for broader protein cyclization applications.
Effect of Integrated Management of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) on Plant and Seed Health of Common Bean in Hararghe Highlands, Ethiopia

Bean anthracnose, caused by Colletotricum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magn.) is an important disease affecting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Information on yield losses and management options addressing both seed and soil-borne inoculum sources of this disease is lacking in Hararghe highlands which produces common bean in large areas. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of integrated management of bean anthracnose through soil solarization and fungicide applications on disease development, seed health and seed yield of common bean variety Mexican-142. Field experiments were conducted at Haramaya University main campus and Hirna Research Sub-Station in 2010 main cropping season. Soil solarization was integrated with mancozeb and carbendazim seed treatments, with foliar sprays of carbendazim at the rate of 0.5 kg/ha at 10 and 20 days intervals. The experiment was arranged in 2 x 3 x 3 split-split plot design with three replications. A total of 18 treatments were evaluated. There was significant difference in the anthracnose incidence, severity, infected pods per plant, infected seeds and AUDPC among treatments. Combined effect of mancozeb seed treatment with carbendazim spray at 10 day intervals and carbendazim seed treatment and carbendazim spray at 10 day intervals have reduced severity by 46.5% and 41%, respectively at Haramaya. Interactions of solarized soil with carbendazim foliar spray frequencies at 10 days interval reduced the number of infected pods per plant by 58% at Haramaya and 38.9% at Hirna. Seed treatments, foliar sprays and soil solarization alone as well as their interactions did not significantly affect pods per plant and seeds per pod at both locations. The combinations of solarized soil + mancozeb seed treatment + carbendazim foliar spray at 10 day intervals produced seed yield of 3.8 t h-1 at Haramaya and 3.6 t h-1 at Hirna over the control. In the results concluded that, the integration of soil solarization, seed treatments and foliar spray were found to be effective in reducing bean anthracnose epidemics and increasing yield. Extensive studies are recommended for detection of seed health and management options to enhance high quality of common bean production in these regions.
The Urban Dimension of the Albanian Transition Cities Was Damaged as a Result of the ‘Big Government’ and Not Its Absence: An Assessment in Relation to the Planning Instruments!

Albanian inhabited cities and centres have undergone chaotic developments in the years of transition, and this has come as a result of development not based on previous territorial and urban planning. Thus, construction, urban and territorial development in the transition years has not been the result of the implementation of previously approved territorial and urban planning instruments. This has come as a result of the lack of territorial and urban plans (local or national), which would precede construction and urban development with the aim of making this development smart, sustainable and comprehensive. In this context, we have made an observation in attempt to find the reasons for the lack of territorial and urban planning instruments in relation to governance. Our concern is focused on the question: has the scope of governance been so narrow that it has left out the task of drafting and approving territorial planning instruments; or was their absence for other reasons? As will be presented in this paper, transitional governments have not lacked: neither sectoral legislation that obliges the implementation of planning instruments; nor public institutions charged by law specified by duties in this field; nor public budget funding and foreign donors for their design. In contrast, it has been the characteristics of the left ‘big government’ and the public irresponsibility that characterize what have hindered the drafting and adoption of territorial and urban planning instruments.
A Smartphone-Based Technique to Detect Dynamic User Preferences for Tailoring Behavioral Interventions: Observational Utility Study of Ecological Daily Needs Assessment

Background Mobile health apps are promising vehicles for delivering scalable health behavior change interventions to populations that are otherwise difficult to reach and engage, such as young adults with psychiatric conditions. To improve uptake and sustain consumer engagement, mobile health interventions need to be responsive to individuals’ needs and preferences, which may change over time. We previously created an ecological daily needs assessment to capture microprocesses influencing user needs and preferences for mobile health treatment adaptation. Objective The objective of our study was to test the utility of a needs assessment anchored within a mobile app to capture individualized, contextually relevant user needs and preferences within the framework of a weight management mobile health app. Methods Participants with an iOS device could download the study app via the study website or links from social media. In this fully remote study, we screened, obtained informed consent from, and enrolled participants through the mobile app. The mobile health framework included daily health goal setting and self-monitoring, with up to 6 daily prompts to determine in-the-moment needs and preferences for mobile health–assisted health behavior change. Results A total of 24 participants downloaded the app and provided e-consent (22 female; 2 male), with 23 participants responding to at least one prompt over 2 weeks. The mean length of engagement was 5.6 (SD 4.7) days, with a mean of 2.8 (1.1) responses per day. We observed individually dynamic needs and preferences, illustrating daily variability within and between individuals. Qualitative feedback indicated preferences for self-adapting features, simplified self-monitoring, and the ability to personalize app-generated message timing and content. Conclusions The technique provided an individually dynamic and contextually relevant alternative and complement to traditional needs assessment for assessing individually dynamic user needs and preferences during treatment development or adaptation. The results of this utility study suggest the importance of personalization and learning algorithms for sustaining app engagement in young adults with psychiatric conditions. Further study in broader user populations is needed.
Haematobiochemical Changes in Canine Scabies

Twenty-eight dogs brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex CSKHPKV Palampur suffering from sarcoptic mange were included in the present study. Further 10 apparently healthy dogs irrespective of sex, breed and age were chosen to serve as control. Various hematobiochemical parameters like Hb, PCV, TLC, TEC, DLC, MCV, MCH, blood glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, A: G ratio, total immunoglobulins and Vitamin A of affected dogs and control were studied. The mean values of Hb, PCV and TEC were significantly lower (P<0.01) and MCV and MCH were significantly higher (P<0.01) in dogs suffering from sarcoptic mange as compared to control group. Leucocytosis, neutrophilia, eosinophilia and lymphopenia was observed in dogs suffering from sarcoptic mange . The mean blood glucose levels, total protein and albumin was significantly lower (P<0.01) against a significant increase(P< 0.01) in mean plasma globulin and a significant decrease (P< 0.01) in albumin: globulin ratio in the affect animals when compared to control group. There was non-significant difference in the mean serum immunoglobulins and plasma vitamin A levels between sarcoptic mange affected dogs and control group.
GENDER DISPARITIES IN INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF 25,000 UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS

In this large-scale research based on bibliometric, biographical and administrative data, we examine how gender disparities in international research collaboration differ by collaboration intensity, academic position, age, and academic discipline. The following are the major ﬁndings: (1) While female scientists exhibit a higher rate of general, national, and institutional collaboration, male scientists exhibit a higher rate of international collaboration. (2) An aggregated picture of gender disparities hides a more nuanced cross-disciplinary picture of them. (3) An analysis of international research collaboration at three separate intensity levels (low, medium, and high) reveals that male scientists dominate in international collaboration at each level. However, at each level, there are speciﬁc disciplines in which females collaborate internationally more than males. Furthermore (4), gender disparities in international research collaboration are clearly linked with age: they are the lowest and statistically insigniﬁcant for young scientists and the highest and statistically signiﬁcant for the oldest scientists. Finally, we estimate the odds ratios of being involved in international research collaboration using an analytical linear logistic model. The examined sample includes 25,463 internationally visible Polish university professors from 85 universities, grouped into 24 disciplines, and 158,743 Scopus-indexed articles. followed by data and methods. The “Results” section presents discussions on gender disparities in international collaboration from the perspectives of collaboration intensity, academic disciplines, age, and academic positions, as well as on the results of the linear logistic model. The last section ends the paper with a summary of the ﬁndings, discussion, and conclusions.
Importance of moderating and intervening variables on the relationship between independent and dependent variables

This paper has clarified the importance as well as roles of moderating variable and mediating (or intervening) variable in research studies, from the basic mathematical view point. The popular paper written by Baron and Kenny (1986) has been used as the main reference and other follow up models suggested by various authors are also discussed. Some corrective measures are put forward for the effective utilization of the roles of moderating and mediating variables in the model equations for the undertaken applied science studies.
Identification of Neospora caninum in aborted bovine fetuses of Southern Chile

The aim of this study was to identify Neospora caninum in histologic sections of brain and optic nerve of aborted bovine fetuses. Sections of these tissues from 296 aborted bovine fetuses from Southern Chile, submitted between 2000 and 2010, to the Instituto de Patología Animal of the Universidad Austral de Chile were analyzed. Forty-four (14.9%) fetuses had microscopic lesions compatible with bovine neosporosis, including gliosis, necrosis, intralesional protozoan cysts and neuritis of optic nerves. N. caninum was identified by immunohistochemistry in brain sections of 27 cases (9.1%) with compatible lesions. Positive immunostaining was also found in the optic nerves of 13 cases (4.4%) with neuritis. N. caninum DNA was identified by PCR in brain sections in 31 cases (10.5%). In total, 36 cases (12.2%) were positive by either technique. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1 gene sequence of N. caninum revealed a high degree of conservation among different isolates. This is the first report of N. caninum-associated optic neuritis in cattle and also the first report of confirmed bovine abortion associated with this parasite in Chile.
Physical activity among school-aged children and intervention programs using self-determination theory (SDT): A scoping review

Introduction: Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children is imperative for proper development. However, the problem of physical inactivity is a concern among many countries worldwide. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) has been widely used to develop interventions aimed at promoting autonomy for physical activity (PA) among children and adolescents. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the efficacy of intervention studies based on SDT in promoting MVPA among school-aged children. Methods: PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used in conducting this scoping review. An electronic literature search in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, ERIC, and Academic Search Premier was performed to identify intervention studies based on SDT aimed at promoting PA among school-aged children. Studies had to meet the following inclusion criteria: (i) participants were children or adolescents (between 5 and 18 years of age); (ii) a focus on promoting PA interventions; (iii) quantitative or mixed-method based, and (iv) intervention had to be based on SDT. Results: A total of 10 interventions met the eligibility criteria. Nine of the 10 studies were experimental studies and 1 observational, cross sectional study. A total of 2,577 children and adolescents participated in the 10 studies. Six studies utilized the randomized controlled trial design (RCT); only three studies demonstrated a significant, consistent, increase of MVPA among the intervention groups; one of which was a RCT study. There was little to no increase in MVPA among girls within the research. Additionally, two studies revealed that children were more physically active as long as parents or teachers were involved. Discussion: The results of this scoping review showed insufficient evidence for the efficacy of intervention studies based on SDT in promoting MVPA among children and adolescents. Therefore, newer fourth-generation theories such as the multi-theory-model (MTM) for health behavior change is suggested and can be tested by future interventions. Journal of Health and Social Sciences 2020; 5,4:457-470 The Italian Journal for Interdisciplinary Health and Social Development
Life‐history trait variation in a queen‐size dimorphic ant

1. Size polymorphism is often connected to alternative life‐history traits, which may eventually lead to distinct size classes. In the ant Myrmica ruginodis, larger macrogyne and smaller microgyne queen morphs have been suggested to follow different reproductive strategies, which has presumably resulted in several differences in their key life‐history traits.
Modification des fibres cellulosiques : amélioration des propriétés hydrophiles des pâtes bisulfites

Les travaux de recherche portent sur l'amelioration des proprietes absorbantes des pâtes bisulfites. La cellulose est fonctionnalisee par oxydation menagee, puis des essais de reticulation intra-fibres sont realises. Deux approches sont abordees pour realiser l'oxydation, la premiere concerne une approche physique avec l'utilisation des plasmas froids oxygene et la deuxieme une approche chimique avec l'utilisation d'oxydants en milieux aqueux. Deux systemes de generation de plasmas ont ete utilises, le traitement corona sous pression atmospherique et le plasma froid oxygene sous pression reduite. Les deux procedes mettent en avant des ameliorations de la mouillabilite des pâtes correlees a une diminution de l'angle de contact des fibres. L'oxydation chimique de la cellulose a ete realisee soit sur des alcools primaires soit sur des alcools secondaires. L'oxydation des alcools secondaires en acide carboxylique se fait par une sequence d'oxydation au periodate de sodium suivi d'un traitement au chlorite de sodium/peroxyde d'hydrogene. Concernant les alcools primaires, la fonctionnalisation est obtenue par un procede electrochimique utilisant des oxydants radicalaires du type TEMPO. Dans les deux cas, les traitements sont significatifs et le compromis qualite fibreuse des pâtes/fonctionnalisation est respecte. Des essais de reticulation intra-fibres ont montre une amelioration des proprietes finales des pâtes defibrees a sec. Les performances des fibres modifiees ont ete evaluees par des analyses physico-chimiques des pâtes, notamment, les differents tests papetiers lies a l'absorption et la retention des liquides dans les reseaux fibreux.
Fluoride and Environmental Health

The relationship between environmental fluoride and human health has been studied for over 100 years by researchers from a wide variety of disciplines. Most scientists believe that small amounts of fluoride in the diet can help prevent dental caries and strengthen bones, but there are a number of adverse affects that chronic ingestion at high doses can have on human health, including dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, increased rates of bone fractures, decreased birth rates, increased rates of urolithiasis (kidney stones), impaired thyroid function, and lower intelligence in children. Chronic occupational exposure to fluoride dust and gas is associated with higher rates of bladder cancer and variety of respiratory ailments. Acute fluoride toxicity and even death from the ingestion of sodium fluoride pesticides and dental products have also been reported. The distribution of fluoride in the natural environment is very uneven, largely a result of the geochemical behavior of this element. Fluorine is preferentially enriched in highly evolved magmas and hydrothermal solutions, which explains why high concentrations are often found in syenites, granitoid plutonic rocks, alkaline volcanics, and hydrothermal deposits. Fluoride can also occur in sedimentary formations that contain fluoride-bearing minerals derived from the parent rock, fluoride-rich clays, or fluorapatite. Dissolved fluoride levels are usually controlled by the solubility of fluorite (CaF2); thus, high concentrations are often associated with soft, alkaline, and calcium-deficient waters. Although much is known about the occurrence and health effects of fluoride, problems persist in Third World countries, where populations have little choice in the source of their drinking water and food. However, even in developed nations, fluoride ingestion can exceed the recommended dose when sources other than drinking water are ignored.
Perceived Sources of Stress and its Levels during Dental Extraction An Exploratory Study

Background: Stress is ubiquitous and is an inseparable part of various activities. Stress toward dental procedures is widely prevalent among dental patients, especially among those undergoing dental extractions. There are very few studies reported in the literature which explore various aspects related to stress among patients during dental extractions. Aim and Objectives: To determine levels and perceived sources of stress during dental extraction appointments among patients seeking care at one of the private University hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing dental extraction in the outpatient clinics of college of dentistry Riyadh Elm University hospital were invited to participate in the study. Oral Maxillofacial residents performed the extraction procedure. Blood pressure, pulse rate, and temperature were recorded by using blood pressure, pulse rate monitor, and infrared thermometer for body temperature. Results: Systolic blood pressure was significantly raised during the step of forceps extraction than any other stage. Pulse rate was significantly higher at luxation (M=85.41, SD=14.38) than during the forceps extraction (M=70.03, SD=38.14); t(31)= 2.435, p=0.021. Mean systolic BP during forceps extraction was found to be significantly higher among the group reporting previous bad extraction experience. Conclusion: Blood pressure was significantly higher during forceps extraction than any other stage, including the luxation step. The pulse rate was significantly higher at luxation than during the forceps extraction. Previous bad experience had a significant impact on blood pressure levels during forceps extraction. Clinicians should be sensitized towards patients' experience in managing stress during dental extraction procedures.
GENETIC MAPPING OF FAVOUBLE TRAITS IN SUGARCANE CULTIVAPIS

Genome mapping studies have been focused on modern cultivars for a better understancliilg of their conzplex genomic structure. This resulted in the co~zstruction of a detailed RFLP linkage map and also the investigation of some aspects of chromosome inheritance and pairing behaviolnr in cultivars. As a complement, DNA in situ hybridization on chromosomes allowed the assessment of the basic chromo.some number of ancestral species and of their contribution to the genome of modern cu1tivai.s. Contparative mapping with distant diploid relatives revealed a large amount of chromosome structure conservation between species, especially between sugarcane and sorghum, and to a lesser extent between sugarcane, maize and rice. Field experiment on selfed progeny of R570 allowed for the identification of a major r;st resistance gene and several QTL for yield comnponents. These results showed that identification of QTL is possible despite the high ploidy level of cultivated sugarcane clones.