Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Project Based Learning on the Statistical Literacy Levels of Student 8 th Grade

This study examines the effect of project based learning on 8 grade students’ statistical liter-acy levels. A performance test was developed for this aim. Quasi-experimental research model was used in this article. In this context, the statistics were taught with traditional method in the control group and it was taught using project based learning in the intervention group. Sta-tistics was given for four weeks according to project based learning at intervention group. The performance test was applied to total 70 students as pre and post-test. Participants are from two different classes of a middle school in Trabzon. The data were analysed using Rasch measurement techniques. This measurement allowed both students’ performance and item difficulties to be measured using the same metric and placed on the same scale. All raw scores converted lineer score in order to obtain equal interval scale. Acquired linear scores were compared. In the analysis of gained datum covariance analysis are used. According to gained results in pre-processing application there isn’t substantial difference between the achievements of intervention group and control group; but after processing between the achievements of intervention group and control group there is a substantial difference statisti-cally in favor of intervention group. The results of the study revealed that the project based learning increased students’ statistical literacy levels in the intervention group.
Study of the Physiological Characteristics
of Microcoleus vaginatus Combined with
a Polymer Sand-Fixing Material Based on
Attapulgite in the Laboratory

Comprehensive sand-fixation technology has potential application prospects for desertification control and restoration. The feasibility of combining biological and chemical sand-fixation technology was explored by studying the growth state and physiological characteristics of Microcoleus vaginatus. Dried Microcoleus vaginatus and a polymer sand-fixation material based on attapulgite modified by 4 M H2SO4 were combined as solids. The ratios of dried Microcoleus vaginatus to the polymer sand-fixation material by mass were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4. The amounts sprayed on the sand surface were 2 mg DW•cm-2, 3 mg DW•cm-2, 4 mg DW•cm-2 and 5 mg DW•cm-2. The results for chlorophyll a content, malondialdehyde content, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content showed that, under certain temperature and light conditions, the optimum environmental factors for the growth of Microcoleus vaginatus were a 1:3 ratio of dried Microcoleus vaginatus to the polymer sand-fixation material and a spraying rate of 3 mg DW•cm-2. The results could provide a theoretical basis for a new sand fixation technology; the method presented here serves as another approach for combating desertification in arid
Effects of Dietary Protein Level at Early Growth Stage on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Cameroonian Indigenous Barred Chickens

Effects of Dietary Protein Level at Early Growth Stage on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Cameroonian Indigenous Barred Chickens Fomekong Tamofo Alain, Kana Jean Raphaël * , Ngouana Tadjong Ruben, Mube Kuietché Hervé, Teguia Alexis Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Pros and cons for breast cancer screening with tomosynthesis – a review of the literature

Breast cancer screening programs using mammography proved their value in detecting breast cancer at early stages and, consequently, reducing the mortality from this disease. Due to the technological progress, the screening programs have shifted from screen-film mammography to digital mammography and nowadays digital breast tomosynthesis became the focus of breast imaging research. Using tomosynthesis in screening increases cancer detection rates and decreases recall and false-positive rates, thus improving the effectiveness of breast cancer screening programs, with positive consequences on health care costs and on patient psychology. More long-term follow-up data must be collected for assessing absolute sensitivity and specificity of digital breast tomosynthesis, together with efforts for addressing the limitations of the method.
PERCEPTION OF THE HISTORICAL BORDER BETWEEN MORAVIA AND SILESIA BY RESIDENTS OF THE JESENÍK AREA AS A PARTIAL ASPECT OF THEIR REGIONAL IDENTITY (CZECH REPUBLIC)

A border is considered to be very important for regional identity. It is used not only for the creation of regional identity from the outside by inhabitants living outside the particular region, but especially for generating regional identity within the population of that region. The Jeseník area is delimited by the border between Moravia and Silesia. It is also regarded as a territory of weak regional identity. This contribution deals with an empirical analysis of perceptions of this historical border by inhabitants of the Jeseník area through applying a mental map concept. The main objective is to verify the hypothesis about the weak regional identity of the population in the Jeseník area using this analytical approach.
I N V E

The present study aims to determine pre-service biology teachers' self-confidence levels concerning their technological pedagogical content knowledge with respect to variables namely class level and computer knowledge. Designed as a survey, 91 pre-service teachers enrolled in the biology education programme participated in the study. Data were collected by using the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Self-Confidence Scale developed by Graham, Burgoyne, Cantrell, Smith, Clair and Harris (2009) and adapted in Turkish by Timur and Tasar (2011). Findings of the study show that pre-service teachers have a high self-confidence concerning their technological pedagogical content knowledge. It was also found that there was no significant difference in pre-service teachers' self-confidence with respect to the class level. However, it was found that pre-service teachers who had enrolled in a computer course during their education had higher self-confidence.
Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Growth Performances of African Giant Rats (Cricetomys Gambianus)

Original Research Article A study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary energy level in African giant rats growth performances. Thirty-two young African giant rats whose 16 males and 16 females averaging 293.41±19.21g were used. They were randomly distributed into 4 groups of 8 animals each (4 males and 4 females). To each group was randomly attributed a diet characterized by one of the 4 studied digestible energy levels (3600 Kcal/kg DM, 3800 Kcal/kg DM, 4000 Kcal/kg DM and 4200 Kcal/kg DM). The daily distribution of the experimental feeds last the whole study duration. Results showed no significant difference among dietary energy levels 3600, 3800, 4000 and 4200 Kcal/ kg DM which allowed the feed intake of 741.15 g, 759.41 g, 759.67 g and 753.85 g per week respectively. Though the growth rate was faster in animals receiving 3800 Kcal/kg DM, the evolution of body weight was comparable (p>0.05) among treatments. The lowest consumption index was registered in cricetoma fed 3800 Kcal/kg DM, although no significant (p>0.05) difference was obtained compared to other treatments. The carcass yield was not significantly (p>0.05) affected regardless the energy level. In view of the present results, the dietary digestible energy requirement that gave the best growth performances in African giant rat was 3800 Kcal/kg DM.
Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 enzyme variants, biomass exposure and tobacco use in Mexican patients with prostate cancer

The presence of the genetic variants of the steroid 5-alpha reductase 2 enzyme, which is encoded by the SRD5A2 gene, has been associated with an increased risk of developing prostate cancer among certain ethnic groups. However, these molecular studies have not been conducted on the Mexican population. The analysis of the genetic variants, rs9282858 and rs523349, was performed in 101 males with prostate cancer and 100 healthy controls classified as males without prostate abnormalities (n=60) and males with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n=40), to identify a probable association with this cancer type in the Northeast Mexican population. An association was identified between prostate cancer and biomass exposure [P=0.012; odds ratio (OR), 2.89; confidence interval (CI)=1.21–6.88] and tobacco use (P=0.028; OR=1.88; CI=1.07–3.31), while no association was observed between cancer development and the rs9282858 variant, or between a protective effect and the rs523349 variant. Notably, an association was identified between rs523349 and biomass exposure (P=0.013, OR=3.17; CI=1.23–8.17 for the G risk allele, and OR=0.32, CI=0.12–0.81 for the C protective allele) using the dominant genetic model. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first of its type to investigate the Mexican population with prostate cancer.
Influence of Ocimum gratissimum (Scent Leaf) on the Organoleptic Acceptability and Shelf Stability of Yoghurt

Aim: To investigate the preservative efficiency of Ocimum gratissimum or its extracts on yoghurt. Study Design: Ten yoghurt samples were prepared, furthermore, nine (9) samples were treated with scent leaf in different forms at different concentrations. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Science and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, between September 2015 and June 2016. Methodology: Yoghurt was prepared from instant filled milk while Direct Vat Inoculum (DVI) was used as the starter culture. Proximate and phytochemical analyses were carried out following standard procedures. Sensory evaluation was carried out using a 15-man panelist with a seven point hedonic scales and results were statistically analyzed using IBM® SPSS 21.0, at 0.05 probability level. pH and microbial analysis were conducted while bacterial characterization involved biochemical tests and isolation of probable microorganisms employed morphological and structural characteristics. Results: Result for proximate analysis indicated differences in the nutritional composition of the raw milk and yoghurt (control). Moisture content increased considerably from 10.00% to 69.75%, while a reduction in protein content was reported (8.7% - 4.95%). The lipid content classified the produced yoghurt as a low-fat yoghurt, and expectedly, the carbohydrate content reduced from 58.20% - 22.30%. Phytochemical screening of the different forms of scent leaf indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and steroids, in different concentrations. Sensory scores showed that the panelists preferred yoghurt formulated with 3 mL of squeezed scent leaf extract. pH values decreased with storage period, while microbial load ranged between 0.5× 104 – 2.0 × 104, where Klebsiella spp. , Streptococcus spp. , E. coli, Bacillus, S. aureus, Pseudomonas spp. , Enterobacter, and Proteus spp. were isolated. Conclusion: The yoghurt samples formulated with squeezed scent leaf extracts had the best organoleptic acceptance, while the sample treated with 3 mL had the lowest microbial load, hence, it can be inferred that the squeezed scent leaf extracts had the best preservative effect.
Estimation of Changes in Characteristics of the Climate and Carbon Cycle in the 21st Century Accounting for the Uncertainty of Terrestrial Biota Parameter Values

ensemble simulations with the A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Acad emy of Sciences (IAP RAS) climate model (CM) for the 21st century are analyzed taking into account anthropogenic forcings in accordance with the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) A2, A1B, and B1, whereas agricultural land areas were assumed to change in accordance with the Land Use Harmonization project scenarios. Different realizations within these ensemble experiments were constructed by varying two governing parameters of the terrestrial carbon cycle. The ensemble simulations were analyzed with the use of Bayesian statistics, which makes it possible to suppress the influence of unrealistic members of these experi ments on their results. It is established that, for global values of the main characteristics of the terrestrial carbon cycle, the SRES scenarios used do not differ statistically from each other, so within the framework of the model, the primary productivity of terrestrial vegetation will increase in the 21st century from 74 ± 1 to 102 ± 13 PgC yr–1 and the carbon storage in terrestrial vegetation will increase from 511 ± 8 to 611 ± 8 PgC (here and below, we indicate the mean ± standard deviations). The mutual compensation of changes in the soil carbon stock in different regions will make global changes in the soil carbon storage in the 21st century statistically insig nificant. The global CO2 uptake by terrestrial ecosystems will increase in the first half of the 21st century, whereupon it will decrease. The uncertainty interval of this variable in the middle (end) of the 21st century will be from 1.3 to 3.4 PgC yr–1 (from 0.3 to 3.1 PgC yr–1). In most regions, an increase in the net productivity of terrestrial vegetation (especially outside the tropics), the accumulation of carbon in this vegetation, and changes in the amount of soil carbon stock (with the total carbon accumulation in soils of the tropics and sub tropics and the regions of both accumulation and loss of soil carbon at higher latitudes) will be robust within the ensemble in the 21st century, as will the CO2 uptake from the atmosphere only by terrestrial ecosystems located at extratropical latitudes of Eurasia, first and foremost by the Siberian taiga. However, substantial dif ferences in anthropogenic emissions between the SRES scenarios in the 21st century lead to statistically significant differences between these scenarios in the carbon dioxide uptake by the ocean, the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, and changes in the surface air temperature. In particular, according to the SRES A2 (A1B, B1) sce nario, in 2071–2100 the carbon flux from the atmosphere to the ocean will be 10.6 ± 0.6 PgC yr–1 (8.3 ± 0.5, 5.6 ± 0.3 PgC yr–1), and the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere will reach 773 ± 28 ppmv (662 ± 24, 534 ± 16 ppmv) by 2100. The annual mean warming in 2071–2100 relatively to 1961–1990 will be 3.19 ± 0.09 K (2.52 ± 0.08, 1.84 ± 0.06 K).
A Pirashvili-type theorem for functors on non-empty finite sets

Abstract Pirashvili’s Dold–Kan type theorem for finite pointed sets follows from the identification in terms of surjections of the morphisms between the tensor powers of a functor playing the role of the augmentation ideal; these functors are projective. We give an unpointed analogue of this result: namely, we compute the morphisms between the tensor powers of the corresponding functor in the unpointed context. We also calculate the Ext groups between such objects, in particular showing that these functors are not projective; this is an important difference between the pointed and unpointed contexts. This work is motivated by our functorial analysis of the higher Hochschild homology of a wedge of circles.
ContactNets: Learning of Discontinuous Contact Dynamics with Smooth, Implicit Representations

Common methods for learning robot dynamics assume motion is continuous, causing unrealistic model predictions for systems undergoing discontinuous impact and stiction behavior. In this work, we resolve this conflict with a smooth, implicit encoding of the structure inherent to contact-induced discontinuities. Our method, ContactNets, learns parameterizations of inter-body signed distance and contact-frame Jacobians, a representation that is compatible with many simulation, control, and planning environments for robotics. We furthermore circumvent the need to differentiate through stiff or non-smooth dynamics with a novel loss function inspired by the principles of complementarity and maximum dissipation. Our method can predict realistic impact, non-penetration, and stiction when trained on 60 seconds of real-world data.
On the net displacement of contractile elastic bodies subjected to surface friction

We show that for an elastic body undergoing a set of self-equilibrated contractile forces and negligible inertial forces, and subjected to a linear frictional boundary condition, the mean displacement averaged on the contact surface is zero. This fact demonstrates the inability of slender organisms to move under this friction condition if the contact surface remains constant, regardless of the contractility strategy employed. We extend our results to non-homogeneous and anisotropic friction, illustrate our conclusions with two examples, and comment on strategies for net propulsion.
Pocket Diagnosis: Secure Federated Learning Against Poisoning Attack in the Cloud

Federated learning has become prevalent in medical diagnosis due to its effectiveness in training a federated model among multiple health institutions (i.e., Data Islands (DIs)). However, increasingly massive DI-level poisoning attacks have shed light on a vulnerability in federated learning, which inject poisoned data into certain DIs to corrupt the availability of the federated model. Previous works on federated learning have been inadequate in ensuring the privacy of DIs and the availability of the final federated model. In this article, we design a secure federated learning mechanism with multiple keys to prevent DI-level poisoning attacks for medical diagnosis, called SFAP. Concretely, SFAP provides privacy-preserving random forest-based federated learning by using the multi-key secure computation, which guarantees the confidentiality of DI-related information. Meanwhile, a secure defense strategy over encrypted locally-submitted models is proposed to resist DI-level poisoning attacks. Finally, our formal security analysis and empirical tests on a public cloud platform demonstrate the security and efficiency of SFAP as well as its capability of resisting DI-level poisoning attacks.
The Origin of Systems of Tightly Packed Inner Planets with Misaligned, Ultra-short-period Companions

Ultra-short-period planets provide a window into the inner edge of the parameter space occupied by planetary orbits. In one particularly intriguing class of multiplanet systems, the ultra-short-period planet is flanked by short-period companions, and the outer planets occupy a discernibly distinct dynamical state. In the observational database, this phenomenon is represented by a small number of stars hosting systems of tightly packed coplanar planets as well as an ultra-short-period planet, whose orbit is misaligned relative to the mutual plane of the former. In this work, we explore two different mechanisms that can produce an ultra-short-period planet that is misaligned with the rest of its compact planetary system: natural decoupling between the inner and outer system via the stellar quadrupole moment, and decoupling forced by an external companion with finely tuned orbital parameters. These two processes operate with different timescales, and can thus occur simultaneously. In this work, we use the K2-266 system as an illustrative example to elucidate the dynamics of these two processes, and highlight the types of constraints that may arise regarding the dynamical histories of systems hosting ultra-short-period planets.
Aggressive angiomyxoma : a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathologic features of aggressive angiomyxoma(AA). Methods: 4 cases histologically confirmed as AA and treated in our hospital from Mar.1988 to Jun.1998 were retrospectively studied. In the meanwhile, the immunohistochemistry was utilized to further characterize the neoplasms. Results: All the 4 patients were females, aged between39 and 50 years; the soft tissues of vulva in 3 patients and pelvis floor in 1 patient were involved. The immunoreactivities of the neoplastic cells were vimentin (4/4), desmin (4/4), actin (1/4), SMA (1/4), CD34 (3/4), and S 100 protein negative; All of the tumors were strongly positive for estrogen and progesterone receptor. Follow up studies ranged from 2～124 months, and no patient developed recurrence and metastases. Conclusions: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, distinctive mensenchymal neoplasm characterized by locally infiltrative growth and a lack of metastases. The major sites of involvement are vulva and pelvis floor. The immunohistochemistry of the neoplastic cells exhibits some of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic features, and they appear to be hormonally influenced.
Evaluation of in vitro methods to determine the digestibility of amino acids in rumen undegraded corn silage

Intestinal and total tract digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids in rumen undegraded protein (RUP-AA) in 5 corn silage hybrids were measured using the mobile bag technique (MBT). Two in vitro methods, the modified three-step procedure (TSP) and an in vitro procedure (IVP) developed by Sapienza Analytica, LLC (Slater, IA), were further evaluated to determine digestibility of RUP-AA in corn silage. Intestinal digestibility of RUP-AA in corn silage varied from 24 to 59%, indicating differences in intestinal digestibility among AA. The TSP and IVP tended to under predict RUP-AA digestibility compared with the MBT. Consequently relationships between the in vitro methods and the MBT for RUP-AA digestibility were poor. The TSP and IVP tended to be better predictors of total tract digestibility compared with the MBT. These results suggest the TSP and IVP are accurate in vitro methods to estimate total tract digestibility of CP and AA.
ORACLE: Collaboration of Data and Control Planes to Detect DDoS Attacks

The possibility of programming the control and data planes, enabled by the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm, represents a fertile ground on top of which novel operation and management mechanisms can be fully explored, being Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack detection based on machine learning techniques the focus of this work. To carry out the detection, this paper proposes ORACLE: cOllaboRation of dAta and Control pLanEs to detect DDoS attacks, an architecture that promotes the coordination of control and data planes to detect network attacks. As its first contribution, this architecture delegates to the data plane the extraction and processing of traffic information collected per flow. This is done in order to ease the calculation and classification of the feature set used in the attack detection, as the needed flow information is already processed when it arrives at the control plane. Besides, as the second contribution, this architecture breaks the limitations to calculate some features that are not possible to implement in a traditional OpenFlow-based environment. In the evaluation of ORACLE, we obtained up to 96% of accuracy in the testing phase, using a K-Nearest Neighbor model.
Worst-Case-Aware Curriculum Learning for Zero and Few Shot Transfer

Multi-task transfer learning based on pre-trained language encoders achieves state-of-the-art performance across a range of tasks. Standard approaches implicitly assume the tasks, for which we have training data, are equally representative of the tasks we are interested in, an assumption which is often hard to justify. This paper presents a more agnostic approach to multi-task transfer learning, which uses automated curriculum learning to minimize a new family of worst-case-aware losses across tasks. Not only do these losses lead to better performance on outlier tasks; they also lead to better performance in zero-shot and few-shot transfer settings.