Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1 km monthly temperature and precipitation dataset for China from 1901 to 2017

Abstract. High-spatial-resolution and long-term climate data are highly desirable for understanding climate-related natural processes. China covers a large area with a low density of weather stations in some (e.g., mountainous) regions. This study describes a 0.5 ′ ( ∼ 1 km) dataset of monthly air temperatures at 2 m (minimum, maximum, and mean proxy monthly temperatures, TMPs) and precipitation (PRE) for China in the period of 1901–2017. The dataset was spatially downscaled from the 30 ′ Climatic Research Unit (CRU) time series dataset with the climatology dataset of WorldClim using delta spatial downscaling and evaluated using observations collected in 1951–2016 by 496 weather stations across China. Prior to downscaling, we evaluated the performances of the WorldClim data with different spatial resolutions and the 30 ′ original CRU dataset using the observations, revealing that their qualities were overall satisfactory. Specifically, WorldClim data exhibited better performance at higher spatial resolution, while the 30 ′ original CRU dataset had low biases and high performances. Bicubic, bilinear, and nearest-neighbor interpolation methods employed in downscaling processes were compared, and bilinear interpolation was found to exhibit the best performance to generate the downscaled dataset. Compared with the evaluations of the 30 ′ original CRU dataset, the mean absolute error of the new dataset (i.e., of the 0.5 ′ dataset downscaled by bilinear interpolation) decreased by 35.4 %–48.7 % for TMPs and by 25.7 % for PRE. The root-mean-square error decreased by 32.4 %–44.9 % for TMPs and by 25.8 % for PRE. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients increased by 9.6 %–13.8 % for TMPs and by 31.6 % for PRE, and correlation coefficients increased by 0.2 %–0.4 % for TMPs and by 5.0 % for PRE. The new dataset could provide detailed climatology data and annual trends of all climatic variables across China, and the results could be evaluated well using observations at the station. Although the new dataset was not evaluated before 1950 owing to data unavailability, the quality of the new dataset in the period of 1901–2017 depended on the quality of the original CRU and WorldClim datasets. Therefore, the new dataset was reliable, as the downscaling procedure further improved the quality and spatial resolution of the CRU dataset and was concluded to be useful for investigations related to climate change across China. The dataset presented in this article has been published in the Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3114194 for precipitation (Peng, 2019a) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3185722 for air temperatures at 2 m (Peng, 2019b) and includes 156 NetCDF files compressed in zip format and one user guidance text file.
Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en el Perú

Peru is a medium income developing country with an increasing prevalence of chronic non communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and obesity. Objective: To review the epidemiology of obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MS) concerning its prevalence. Methods: The medical literature was reviewed based on the systematic searching of Pub-Med, SciELO, LILACS and publications from the Peruvian Ministry of Health, the World Health Organization and national public health related agencies. Results: The National Household Survey (ENAHO) 2006 found prevalence of overweight of 30.9% in young adults, 42.5% in adults and 21.7% in older adults. The prevalence of obesity in these groups was 8.7%, 19.8% and 10.6%, respectively. Being woman, not being poor and living in urban area were the main factors associated to weight excess. Prevalence of overweight in children < 5 years old was 6.4%, in those between 5 to 9 years old 15.5%, and in adolescents (10-19 years old) 11.0%. Prevalence of obesity in these groups was 1.8%, 8.9% y 3.3%, respectively. Not being poor, living in an urban area and primary school education level were the main factors associated to weight excess. The National Health Survey (ENDES) 2014, in people ≥ 15 years old found an overweight prevalence of 33.8%, greater in Lima (35.7%) and in the coast (36.7%) than in the jungle (33.4%) and the Andean region (29.8%). The prevalence of obesity was 18.3%, greater in urban areas (21.5 %) than in rural ones (8.9%). In the follow up of this survey through 2015-2016, it was observed that the mean BMI of this population and the prevalence of obesity and overweight remained constant. Prevalence of MS (ATP III) varies between 10% a 45%. It is more prevalent in women, older adults and in those living in urban areas and at low altitudes. Conclusions: Obesity is a major health care issue in Peru that exposes difficult challenges to the Health System due to the morbidity resulting from this condition, such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovaries, among others. The national strategy for tackling obesity should include promotion in the community of healthy lifestyles through the mass media and social networks, the appropriate diagnosis of this morbid condition particularly among primary health providers, and the capability of prescribing the adoption of healthy life habits, and referring the most severe cases to specialized medical centers.
The system Pd–Ag–S: phase relations and mineral assemblages

Abstract Phase equilibria in the system Pd–Ag–S were studied using the silica-glass tube method at 400°C and 550°C. In the system we synthesised three ternary phases: coldwellite (Pd3Ag2S), kravtsovite (PdAg2S) and a new phase Pd13Ag3S4. At 400°С, coldwellite forms a stable association with vysotskite (PdS) and vasilite (Pd16S7); vysotskite and kravtsovite; phase Pd4S and a Ag–Pd alloy; it also coexists with a new phase Pd13Ag3S4. Kravtsovite is stable up to 507°C; the presence of kravtsovite in the mineral assemblage reflects its formation below this temperature. The occurrence of coldwellite, vysotskite and Ag2S together in equilibrium reflects the formation of this mineral assemblage above this temperature (507°C). Coldwellite is stable up at 940°С. Mineral assemblages defined in this study can be expected in Cu–Ni–PGE mineral deposits, associated with mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks, in particular in mineralisations with known silver–palladium sulfides.
Psychosocial Impact and Quality of Life among Adult Egyptian Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis

Background: psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, inflammatory, progressive joint disease. It has much psychosocial impact and affects quality of life (QOL) of the patients. Aim of the study: to determine the psychosocial impact of PsA on the patients and to define QOL of them. Patients and Methods: the study was conducted on 50 PsA patients, 68 psoriasis (Ps) patients, and 100 controls. A case-control, clinic-based study design was used in this research. An interviewing form and Middle Sex Hospital Questionnaire were used to survey the characteristics of the patients and controls. Severity of PsA was determined clinically. Also, the medical outcomes study 36-item short form (SF-36) was used to assess impact of the disease on the patient’s QOL. Results: most (92.0%) of PsA patients had psychiatric symptoms. The disease had interfered with most of patients' personal feelings and relationships, daily activities, school/work, and leisure/sport. Majority (88.0%) of the patients had stigma feeling. Also, 40.0% and 60.0% of PsA patients had severe and mild forms, respectively. The differences between two forms of PsA regarding interference with school/work and presence of suicidal ideation were significant. The difference regarding presence of familial psychological stress was significant. The highly affected SF-36 domain scores were general health and physical limitation. The eight mean domain scores were significantly lower among PsA patients than controls. The mean domain scores of physical functioning, physical limitation, social functioning, emotional limitation, and mental health were significantly lower among patients with severe PsA than those with mild PsA. The eight mean domain scores were significantly lower among PsA patients than those with only Ps. Conclusions: the physical and psychosocial aspects of PsA may interact and influence one another. So, PsA has a great effect on the patients’ QOL; disrupting physical and psychosocial aspects, and interfering with daily activities, school/work, and leisure/sport. QOL scores were significantly lower among PsA than only Ps patients.
Digital Sustainability and Entrepreneurship: How Digital Innovations Are Helping Tackle Climate Change and Sustainable Development

We explore how digital technologies are helping address grand challenges to tackle climate change and promote sustainable development. With digital technologies, entrepreneurial organizations have adopted innovative approaches to tackle seemingly intractable societal challenges. We refer to these broadly as digital sustainability activities. By focusing on the digital toolbox employed by pioneering organizations, we propose a research agenda that generates novel questions for entrepreneurship, business models, and ecosystems as well as new ways of thinking about trust and institutional logics. We believe that digital sustainability can spur empirical advances in entrepreneurship, innovation, and strategy with potential for positive impact on society.
Poor oral health as a predictor for preterm births: Do we need to revisit antenatal care guidelines for reducing preterm births? Reflections from rural Gujarat

Background: Prematurity is one of the leading cause of under-5 deaths and single most important cause of neonatal mortality globally as well as in India. Still, there is a dearth of field-based research on preterm births (PTB) and its risk factors, especially in high burden countries like India. Evidence from developed countries indicates a possible association between poor oral health and PTB. However, the lack of similar evidence in India leads to a pressing need to conduct such studies. Objectives: The present study focuses on descriptive review and triangulates the observation with a cohort study conducted in Gujarat for exploring risk factors for PTB. Materials and Methods: A descriptive review on the association between PTB and periodontal disease was done using search engine such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The findings were triangulated with the observation of a cohort study conducted among 2154 antenatal mothers in four districts of Gujarat, India. Results: A number of studies have investigated the potential association between periodontal diseases and PTB but results are controversial; however, a community-based cohort study from Gujarat identified periodontal disease as an independent risk factor for PTB (adjusted odds ratio - 11). Conclusion: Although various studies highlighted that periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for PTB, oral health is often neglected during pregnancy. Simple oral health screening and treatment can play crucial role in the prevention of periodontal diseases. Unfortunately, in current antenatal care guidelines, oral health screening is missing. Hence, there is a dire need for strengthening guidelines including encouraging women to seek oral screening, counseling on maintaining appropriate oral hygiene during pregnancy.
The Impact of the Physical Home Environment for Family Carers of People with Dementia: A Qualitative Study

Abstract Background: The majority of people with dementia are cared for by their families at home. This study aimed to elicit family carers' perceptions on home environmental aspects and strategies with the view to identify barriers and facilitators when caring for a person with dementia at home. Design and methods: Thirteen co-resident family carers were engaged in semi-structured in-depth walking interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Home environments can pose a number of challenges and opportunities. Aspects of the architectural and interior environment (e.g. size, condition, layout and accessibility, familiarity) are perceived as important (Theme 1) as well as a plethora of environmental strategies that encourage independence and comfort at home (Theme 2). Carers' scepticism, timing, costs, property characteristics and mistrust to services are some barriers to implementing environmental strategies (Theme 3). Conclusions: Carers improvised solutions via trial and error and need further education on strategies to create an enabling and comfortable home environment.
Prescription pattern of alpha blockers in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in India: a paper based survey

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urological condition. The treatment of BPH depends on the severity of symptoms which aims to improve symptoms, lower the risk of progression and improve quality of life. The aim of this survey was to understand the prescription pattern of alpha blockers in the treatment of BPH among clinicians of India. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted between September to December 2018. Data regarding the management of BPH using α-blockers were filled by clinicians and collated for data analysis using appropriate statistical test. Results: Total of 1764 clinicians’ responses was collected and the result was analysed. According to the survey, 47.68% of clinicians felt that severity of the BPH symptoms is most common deciding factor for medical management of BPH. For the pharmacological management of BPH patients, around 58% of clinicians opted for α blockers monotherapy as a preferred option. Among α blockers, 65.14% of clinicians preferred tamsulosin as first line therapy for management of BPH patients. In this survey, 81.75% of clinicians believed that tamsulosin offers highest persistence rate among commonly prescribed α blockers. Looking at the switching to a second α-blocker, 75.45% of clinicians felt that tamsulosin shows the highest return rate following initiation of a second α-blocker. More than 90% of clinicians felt that favourable efficacy or tolerability of tamsulosin is due to its highest persistence and highest return rates. Conclusions: Tamsulosin is the most commonly preferred and prescribed α-blocker by Indian clinicians due to its favourable efficacy or tolerability.
HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 Genotyping in Gastritis Patients with positive RUT

To study was carried out to know HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotyping in gastritis patients with positive and negative RUT. This study was carried out in College of Medicine, University of Basrah. HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotyping was done in College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnpeg, Canada during the period from April 2009 to July 2010. A total of 70 gastritis patients, 29 males and 41 females, were included in this study. Significant increased frequencies of DQB1*050101 and DQB1*050201 alleles were found in gastritis patients who showed (+ RUT), but with weak association (odds ratios were 0.83 and 0.79 respectively), as compared with gastritis patients who showed (- RUT).
Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)

ABSTRACT The Gymnotus inaequilabiatus is a Neotropical fish widely distributed in marginal areas of bays. The aim of this study was to describe the main histological and histopathological traits in the head and exocrine kidney. Here, histometric and structural density techniques were associated with renosomatic index (RSI). The kidney was processed for light microscopy. Lipofuscin and hemosiderin content were visually estimated in the melonomacrophages centers (MMCs). All the biometric body variables were correlated with RSI, especially the kidney weight and gross lesions count. The general architecture of head and exocrine kidney was similar to that described for other teleost species. MMCs were prevalent in both portions and correlated with RSI in the head and exocrine kidney. Granulomatous structures were often observed in both portions; however, they were associated only in the exocrine kidney with RSI. Of all the structures hystometrically estimated, only proximal tubular diameter and thickness, and distal tubular thickness were correlated to renosomatic index. The RSI is an useful biometric variable that represent some physiological and morphological characteristics of kidney in G. inaequilabiatus. These findings may be used in future studies to evaluate the effects of environmental stressors on the renal adaptative physiological process.
Do genetic differences in growth thermal reaction norms maintain genetic variation in timing of diapause induction?

An optimal timing for diapause induction through the sexual production of dormant propagules is expected in populations of annual organisms. Yet, experimental work typically finds high within-population genetic variation in the sexual production of such propagules. Thus, high genetic variation in timing for diapause induction should be a common feature of annual organisms. Here, we hypothesize that genetic variation in the propensity to produce diapause propagules, Pd, is maintained by a genotype-by-environment interaction in growth performance, where fast-growing genotypes within an environment should delay diapause relative to slow-growing genotypes. From this, we derive two predictions. First, if there is ecological crossover in growth performance, the genetic correlation of Pd between environments should be negative. Second, the correlation between absolute plasticities of growth and Pd should be negative. We tested these predictions by quantifying ephippia production in genotypes of a population of the facultative sexual cladoceran Daphnia magna at two temperatures. The population biomass at the onset of ephippia production was used as a measure of Pd, whereas somatic growth rate was used to quantify growth. Plasticity for both measurements was derived from thermal reaction norms. Our results did not support either prediction, as neither the genetic correlation of Pd between environments, nor the correlation between absolute plasticity of growth and Pd were found to be significant. Our results suggest that genetic variation in the timing of diapause is not maintained by genetic differences in thermal growth reaction norms. We propose as an alternative hypothesis that if there is across year variation in how stochastically the environment deteriorates, fluctuating selection may favor genotypes with different Pd between years.
Introduction of the next generation of CORC® wires with engineering current density exceeding 650 A mm−2 at 12 T based on SuperPower’s ReBCO tapes containing substrates of 25 μm thickness

Next generation particle accelerators and fusion machines will greatly benefit from the development of low-inductance magnets capable of generating magnetic fields in excess of 16 T. Such magnets require high-temperature superconductors capable of carrying very high currents exceeding 5 kA at current densities of 400–600 A mm−2, such as Conductor on Round Core (CORC®) cables and wires wound from RE-Ba2Ca3O7-δ (ReBCO, Re = rare earth) coated conductor tapes. CORC® wires containing ReBCO tapes with 30 μm thick Hastelloy® substrates have previously been demonstrated as a viable high-field magnet conductor that can be produced at long lengths. Further improvement of the performance and flexibility of CORC® wires would benefit from the development of ReBCO tapes with even thinner substrates. SuperPower Inc. recently demonstrated ReBCO tapes based on 25 μm thick Hastelloy® substrates that allow the development of thinner and more flexible CORC® wires that meet the stringent performance requirements of high-field magnets. Several tapes containing 25 μm thick substrates were produced and analyzed, exhibiting critical current and cabling performance in-line with the current production level tapes with 30–50 μm thick substrates. Tape critical current was measured at 4.2 K and applied magnetic fields up to 31.2 T. Several CORC® wires incorporating these tapes were manufactured by Advanced Conductor Technologies using similar winding procedures that previously resulted in high-quality magnet-grade CORC® wires based on tapes with 30 μm thick substrates. The CORC® wires were tested in an applied magnetic field up to 12 T after bending to a 63 mm diameter. A critical current as high as 6231 A (12 T, 4.2 K) was measured with an engineering current density (Je) of 678 A mm−2, which extrapolates to over 450 A mm−2 at 20 T and is the highest current density reported in a CORC® conductor to date. The combination of ReBCO tapes produced using 25 μm thick substrates and the ability to wind them into long-length, high-quality CORC® magnet wires brings the development of low-inductance accelerator and fusion magnets that operate at magnetic fields exceeding 20 T closer to fruition.
Moderasi Kecerdasan Emosional : Pengaruh Role Stress Terhadap Kinerja Auditor

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel role stress (role conflict dan rol ambiguilty) terhadap kinerja auditor dengan emotional quotient sebagai variabel moderating. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 32 orang dari 10 kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Makassar. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan angket berupa kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hasil pengujian secara langsung variabel role conflict berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor. Variabel role ambiguilty positif signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor. Selanjutnya variabel emotional quotient tidak memoderasi variabel role conflict dan role ambiguilty terhadap kinerja auditor
Factores psicosociales asociados a la realización de la prueba diagnóstica del VIH en estudiantes universitarios colombianos

The objectives of this research were: (a) to relate sexual risk, knowledge, and attitudes towards HIV testing in Colombian university students; and (b) to describe the perceived barriers in those who had not been tested, analyzing the differences according to sex. A crosssectional study was carried out, in which 1057 Colombian university students participated. The instruments applied were the Cuestionario Confidencial Vida Sexual Activa (CCVSA, for its Spanish acronym), the tests Barreras Hacia la Prueba del VIH, Escala de Actitudes hacia el VIH-Sida and an ad hoc questionnaire on knowledge about the test. The students who were tested (n = 214) reported a lower age of sexual initiation (p < .01), a higher number of sexual partners (p = .01), and a lower use of condoms in the first (p = .02) and last (p = .04) sexual intercourse. They also reported more knowledge about HIV testing (p < .001). The main barriers were associated with low risk perception of the disease (29.8 %), trust in sexual partners (29.2 %), and lack of offer of the test (25.2 %). In conclusion, being tested for HIV is related to exposure to risky sexual behaviors and to knowledge about the test, but not to attitudes towards it. The identification of the associated psychosocial factors could contribute to the design of interventions aimed at the prevention and timely treatment of the disease.