Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A systemc-AMS simulation environment for the evaluation of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are very complex systems. They are often used in application areas with poor infrastructure and mobility, so each sensor node of a WSN needs its own power supply. Energy harvesting systems (EHSs) can be used to extend the operational lifetime of sensor nodes or even enable perpetual operation. However, the efficiency of the power supply depends not only on the used hardware itself but also on the application running on the sensor node. Therefore, a simulation environment including the complete WSN is needed to be able to understand all dependencies. This work presents the concept and first results of a simulation environment written in SystemC-AMS for the simulation of complete WSN. It includes energy harvesting, communication, power-awareness, location-awareness and dynamic power management. Each node is composed of single modules which can be exchanged easily to test different hardware or software components. The results show the ability to simulate energy harvesting systems using SystemC-AMS.
Social Simulation Based on Human Behavioral Data Collected by Web-Based Experimental System

We propose some models to simulate human choice behavior to select facilities. In order to consider models for human behavior, we develop a web-based experimental system to collect the data of human choice behavior in facility selection. Using the developed system, human subjects act their facility selection according to the information such as the congestion level of the facility selected last time. We examine several models to simulate human choice behavior based on the data collected by the experimental system. From our examination, we find that developing models according to experimental results improves simulation results.
Neuromuscular Control During the Bench Press Movement in an Elite Disabled and Able-Bodied Athlete

Abstract The disabled population varies significantly in regard to physical fitness, what is conditioned by the damage to the locomotor system. Recently there has been an increased emphasis on the role of competitive sport in enhancing health and the quality of life of individuals with disability. One of the sport disciplines of Paralympics is the flat bench press. The bench press is one of the most popular resistance exercises used for the upper body in healthy individuals. It is used not only by powerlifters, but also by athletes in most strength-speed oriented sport disciplines. The objective of the study was to compare neuromuscular control for various external loads (from 60 to 100% 1RM) during the flat bench press performed by an elite able-bodied athlete and an athlete with lower limb disability. The research project is a case study of two elite bench press athletes with similar sport results: an able-bodied athlete (M.W., age 34 years, body mass 103 kg, body height 1.72 m, 1RM in the flat bench press 200 kg) and a disabled athlete (M.T., age 31 years, body mass 92 kg, body height 1.70 m, 1RM in the flat bench press 190 kg). The activity was recorded for four muscles: pectoralis major (PM), anterior deltoid (AD), as well as for the lateral and long heads of the triceps brachii (TBlat and TBlong). The T-test revealed statistically significant differences between peak activity of all the considered muscles (AD with p = 0.001; PM with p = 0.001; TBlat with p = 0.0021 and TBlong with p = 0.002) between the 2 athletes. The analysis of peak activity differences of M.W and M.T. in relation to the load revealed statistically significant differences for load changes between: 60 to 100% 1RM (p = 0.007), 70 to 100% 1RM (p = 0.016) and 80 to 100% 1RM (p = 0.032). The flat bench press performed without legs resting firmly on the ground leads to the increased engagement of upper body muscles and to their greater activation. Isolated initial positions can be used to generate greater engagement of muscle groups during the bench press exercise and evoke their higher activation.
Probing the Environment in Gamma-Ray Bursts: The Case of an X-Ray Precursor, Afterglow Late Onset, and Wind Versus Constant Density Profile in GRB 011121 and GRB 011211

In this paper we present BeppoSAX and XMM-Newton observations of two long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the X-ray-rich event of 2001 December 11 (GRB 011211) and the hard and very bright event of 2001 November 21 (GRB 011121). In both events we find evidence of a late X-ray burst taking place several minutes after the prompt emission. In the November burst the spectrum of the X-ray burst is much softer than that of the preceding prompt phase and consistent with the spectrum of the afterglow at 1 day. In addition, the tail of the X-ray burst and the light curve of the afterglow at 1 day are connected by a single power law ≈(t - t0), when t0 corresponds with the onset of the X-ray burst. These evidences suggest that the late X-ray burst represents the onset of the afterglow. A similar conclusion is drawn for the December burst. The temporal and spectral behavior of the X-ray and optical afterglows indicate that the fireball evolution in the December burst takes place in an interstellar medium (ISM) environment. In contrast, in the November burst the wind case is revealed by an X-ray decay slower than that observed in the optical (δX = 1.29 ± 0.04 vs. δO = 1.66 ± 0.06). The wind profile should change into a constant-density profile at large radii in order to reconcile late-time radio data with a jet. Two other results are obtained for this burst. An X-ray burst precedes the much harder GRB by about 30 s. Contrary to the prediction of simple models of precursor activity for collapsars, the precursor's spectrum is not consistent with a blackbody. Finally, a substantial absorption column [NH = (7 ± 2) × 1022 cm-2] is detected during the early part of the prompt emission. This is much greater than that of the wind, and it is thus likely associated with the region surrounding the burst.
Weight Averaging for Neural Networksand Local Resampling

Recently methods for combining estimators have been popular and enjoyed considerable success. Typically, one obtains several models by considering diierent model architectures (e.g. linear or nonlinear) or uses diierent partitions of the data (overlapping or non-overlapping) for estimating the model. In a nal step the outputs of each model are combined, either by assigning xed weights a priori (e.g. equal weight-ing) or be estimating these weights from data as well. Here we propose a strategy similar to Breiman's (1994) \bagging": we use a resampling scheme (nonlinear Cross-Validation in this case but the idea is applicable to other local resampling schemes (bootstrap, jack-knife)) to estimate the expected out-of-sample error as a model selection criterion in the context of neural network models. We want to make further use of the models estimated via resampling by combining them and propose that under certain conditions one can average model parameters directly instead of retaining all networks and combine their outputs. We demonstrate that for the examples considered the network performance is comparable to performance obtained by averaging outputs while ooering improved recall speed and savings in storage requirements.
Asymmetric cell division of stem cells in the lung and other systems

New insights have been added to identification, behavior and cellular properties of embryonic and tissue-specific stem cells over the last few years. The modes of stem cell division, asymmetric vs. symmetric, are tightly regulated during development and regeneration. The proper choice of a stem cell to divide asymmetrically or symmetrically has great consequences for development and disease because inappropriate asymmetric division disrupts organ morphogenesis, whereas uncontrolled symmetric division induces tumorigenesis. Therefore, understanding the behavior of lung stem cells could identify innovative solutions for restoring normal morphogenesis and/or regeneration of different organs. In this concise review, we describe recent studies in our laboratory about the mode of division of lung epithelial stem cells. We also compare asymmetric cell division (ACD) in the lung stem cells with other tissues in different organisms.
Induction of a tumor with greatly increased metastatic growth potential by injection of cells from a low‐metastatic H‐2 heterozygous tumor cell line into an H‐2 incompatible parental strain

An H‐2 heterozygous sarcoma, MDAY, originally induced with methylcholanthrene in an (A × DBA/2)F1 (H‐2a × H‐2d) hybrid host was selected for growth in the H‐2d homozygous parental DBA/2 strain by serial intraperitoneal transplantation of ascites tumor cells. An apparent variant, designated MDAY‐D2, was obtained which showed the expected loss of the private and public H‐2Kk haplotype antigens normally associated with the A strain parent and the original MDAY tumor. Comparison of the original and variant lines revealed a wide variety of cell surface antigen and receptor differences. Both tumors were found to be highly anaplastic and histologically unclassifiable. Examination of the two tumor lines growing in vivo revealed a remarkable difference in their metastatic growth potential. The original MDAY line showed little propensity to spread to any organ site, with the occasional exception of liver, after subcutaneous inoculation of (A × DBA/2)F1 mice. In striking contrast, there was a rapid and massive spread of MDAY‐D2 to liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys within 12–16 days: liver and spleen could be totally replaced by tumor within 2–3 weeks. These characteristics were observed in both (A × DBA/2)F1 and DBA/2 mice. The tendency to metastasize, as well as loss of the H‐2Kk haplotype, appeared stable and irreversible. Although the precise origin of MDAY‐D2 is not clear, its metastasizing properties are unique, making it a useful and desirable model to study the biology of metastasis.
How stereotypes impair women’s careers in science

Significance Does discrimination contribute to the low percentage of women in mathematics and science careers? We designed an experiment to isolate discrimination’s potential effect. Without provision of information about candidates other than their appearance, men are twice more likely to be hired for a mathematical task than women. If ability is self-reported, women still are discriminated against, because employers do not fully account for men’s tendency to boast about performance. Providing full information about candidates’ past performance reduces discrimination but does not eliminate it. We show that implicit stereotypes (as measured by the Implicit Association Test) predict not only the initial bias in beliefs but also the suboptimal updating of gender-related expectations when performance-related information comes from the subjects themselves. Women outnumber men in undergraduate enrollments, but they are much less likely than men to major in mathematics or science or to choose a profession in these fields. This outcome often is attributed to the effects of negative sex-based stereotypes. We studied the effect of such stereotypes in an experimental market, where subjects were hired to perform an arithmetic task that, on average, both genders perform equally well. We find that without any information other than a candidate’s appearance (which makes sex clear), both male and female subjects are twice more likely to hire a man than a woman. The discrimination survives if performance on the arithmetic task is self-reported, because men tend to boast about their performance, whereas women generally underreport it. The discrimination is reduced, but not eliminated, by providing full information about previous performance on the task. By using the Implicit Association Test, we show that implicit stereotypes are responsible for the initial average bias in sex-related beliefs and for a bias in updating expectations when performance information is self-reported. That is, employers biased against women are less likely to take into account the fact that men, on average, boast more than women about their future performance, leading to suboptimal hiring choices that remain biased in favor of men.
Privacy-preserving deep packet filtering over encrypted traffic in software-defined networks

Deep packet filtering (DPF) has been demonstrated as an essential technique for effective fine-grained access controls, but it is commonly recognized that the technique may invade the individual privacy of the users. Secure computation can address the tradeoff between privacy and DPF functionality, but the current solutions limit the scalability of the network due to the intensive computation overheads and large connection setup delay, especially for the latest network paradigm, network function virtualisation (NFV) and software-defined network (SDN). In this paper, therefore, we propose a privacy-preserving deep packet filtering protocol, named DPF-ET, that can efficiently perform filtering function over encrypted traffic while diminishing the communication overhead and setup delay for the controller in SDN. DPF-ET guarantees the data privacy for users and remains rule privacy for the network owner. The implementation results on an experimental HP SDN/NFV platform demonstrate that the proposed DPF-ET outperforms the current approaches by reducing 250 times in the communications overhead and 32 times in the setup delay.
In Situ Simulation to Assess Workplace Attitudes and Effectiveness in a New Facility

Introduction In situ simulation within new facilities holds the promise of identifying latent safety threats. The aim of this study was to identify if in situ simulation can also impact important employee perceptions and attitudes. Methods In the current study, health care professionals of an adult, urban, community teaching hospital level 1 trauma center participated in simulated scenarios in a new emergency department. Before and after the simulated scenarios, participants provided responses to the variables regarding their ability to work in the new facility and other work-related variables. Results Significant increases in communication (P = 0.05), facility clinical readiness (P < 0.05), self-efficacy (P < 0.01), trauma readiness (P < 0.01), and work space satisfaction (P < 0.05) were found from presimulation to postsimulation. The results also demonstrated a significant decrease from presimulation to postsimulation with performance beliefs (P < 0.001). Finally, cardiac readiness did not reveal a significant change from presimulation to postsimulation. Discussion In situ simulation exercises before practicing clinically in a new facility can both increase familiarity with new clinical environments and impact important organizational outcomes. Thus, simulation in a new work space can influence factors important to employees, organizations, and patients.
Sex differences in the postural sway characteristics of young and elderly subjects during quiet natural standing

Aim: It has been reported that the fall incidence in women is much higher than men and that fallers have worse postural balance performance than non‐fallers. However, it is controversial whether any sex difference in postural balance performance exists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and age and their interactions in balance performance during quiet standing with natural stance width.
Rate Windows for Efficient Network and I/O Throttling

This paper proposes and evaluates a new mech anism for I/O and network rate policing. The goal of the proposed system is to provide a simple, yet effective way to enforce resource limits on ta rget classes of jobs in a system. The basic approach is useful for several types of systems including running background jobs on idle workstations, and providing resource limits on network intensive applications such as virtual web server hosting. Our approach is quite simple, we use a sliding window average of recent events to compute the average rate for a target resource The assigned limit is enforced by forcing application processes to sleep when they issue requests that would bring their resource utilization out of the allowable profile. Our experimental results show that we are able to provide the target resource limitations within a few percent, and do so with no mea surable slowdown of the overall system.
The stress phenotype makes cancer cells addicted to CDT2, a substrate receptor of the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase

CDT2/L2DTL/RAMP is one of the substrate receptors of the Cullin Ring Ubiquitin Ligase 4 that targets for ubiquitin mediated degradation a number of substrates, such as CDT1, p21 and CHK1, involved in the regulation of cell cycle and survival. Here we show that CDT2 depletion was alone able to induce the apoptotic death in 12/12 human cancer cell lines from different tissues, regardless of the mutation profile and CDT2 expression level. Cell death was associated to rereplication and to loss of CDT1 degradation. Conversely, CDT2 depletion did not affect non-transformed human cells, such as immortalized kidney, lung and breast cell lines, and primary cultures of endothelial cells and osteoblasts. The ectopic over-expression of an activated oncogene, such as the mutation-activated RAS or the amplified MET in non-transformed immortalized breast cell lines and primary human osteoblasts, respectively, made cells transformed in vitro, tumorigenic in vivo, and susceptible to CDT2 loss. The widespread effect of CDT2 depletion in different cancer cells suggests that CDT2 is not in a synthetic lethal interaction to a single specific pathway. CDT2 likely is a non-oncogene to which transformed cells become addicted because of their enhanced cellular stress, such as replicative stress and DNA damage.
A Flexible Inductive Coil Tag for Household Two-Wire Current Sensing Applications

This paper presents a flexible inductive coil tag for sensing the electric current in the two-wire power cords of household goods. The tag is fabricated using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible SU-8 flexible technology which provides unique device characteristics of low-cost, reliability and pervasiveness. With a 30-turns coil design in an area of 0.5 × 1 cm2, the coil tag can provide sensitivity of 18 and 21 μV/A for detecting 50-and 60-Hz electric current in the ampere regime, respectively.
H(k)-private Information Retrieval from Privacy-uncooperative Queryable Databases.">h(k)-private Information Retrieval from Privacy-uncooperative Queryable Databases

The invention is a method of making a stamp face (the imprinting part of the hand stamp consisting of letters, numbers and/or pictures) interchangeable, removable and re-attachable to the stamp mount. The device consists of a new use for hook and loop fasteners. The hook and loop fasteners, when permanently attached to the stamp face and the bottom of the stamp mount (handle) allow the user to attach and re-attach a stamp face or interchange stamp faces an unlimited number of times.
Sketch Techniques for Scaling Distributional Similarity to the Web

In this paper, we propose a memory, space, and time efficient framework to scale distributional similarity to the web. We exploit sketch techniques, especially the Count-Min sketch, which approximates the frequency of an item in the corpus without explicitly storing the item itself. These methods use hashing to deal with massive amounts of the streaming text. We store all item counts computed from 90 GB of web data in just 2 billion counters (8 GB main memory) of CM sketch. Our method returns semantic similarity between word pairs in O(K) time and can compute similarity between any word pairs that are stored in the sketch. In our experiments, we show that our framework is as effective as using the exact counts.
Flow-VizTM –A fully integrated and commercial in-line fluid characterization system for industrial applications

A new fully integrated ultrasound based in-line fluid characterization system, Flow-Viz TM , has been developed especially for opaque, non-Newtonian industrial fluids. The new embedded and commercially available system is designed to meet industrial requirements. Flow-Viz TM enables true non-invasive, real-time Doppler measurements and is able to visualize the flow and to rheologically characterize industrial fluids continuously while providing continuous feedback to an existing process control system for enhanced efficiency. The Flow-Viz TM system consists of an operator’s panel, a multitouch monitor and an industrial PC unit and pulser-receiver electronics. The electronics has been improved and extended by adding a second ultrasound channel, augmenting the on-board data processing for obtaining the optimal performances in high attenuating suspensions. A new Motherboard provides an additional 8-channel digital and analog input and output capabilities for simultaneous data acquisition and connection to a process control system. The new electronics is combined with a non-invasive ultrasound sensor unit, which allows measuring the flow velocity profile even through industrial high grade stainless steel pipes. This unique solution makes possible to adapt the high resolution UVP+PD technique for industrial processes performed at high temperatures and/or pressures using a wide range of different industrial fluids. The Flow-Viz TM system is already installed in industry, e.g. for chocolate and grouting applications and an international patent has been filed.
Surveillance Video Parsing with Single Frame Supervision

Surveillance video parsing, which segments the video frames into several labels, e.g., face, pants, left-leg, has wide applications [41, 8]. However, pixel-wisely annotating all frames is tedious and inefficient. In this paper, we develop a Single frame Video Parsing (SVP) method which requires only one labeled frame per video in training stage. To parse one particular frame, the video segment preceding the frame is jointly considered. SVP (i) roughly parses the frames within the video segment, (ii) estimates the optical flow between frames and (iii) fuses the rough parsing results warped by optical flow to produce the refined parsing result. The three components of SVP, namely frame parsing, optical flow estimation and temporal fusion are integrated in an end-to-end manner. Experimental results on two surveillance video datasets show the superiority of SVP over state-of-the-arts. The collected video parsing datasets can be downloaded via http://liusi-group.com/projects/SVP for the further studies.
Real-time detection of atrial fibrillation using a low-power ECG monitor

A study was performed to determine the feasibility of a miniature, low-power ECG monitor capable of real time, automatic detection of atrial fibrillation. An original arrhythmia detection scheme was devised and tested using the MIT arrhythmia data available on PhysioNet. Five beat and five rhythm detectors were constructed and the regression values of each were passed onto two further classifiers for ultimate detection of atrial fibrillation. Tests showed that normal sinus rhythm could be detected with 93.06% sensitivity and 95.08% specificity and atrial fibrillation with 94.76% sensitivity and 92.48% specificity. The target device was constructed and fast, efficient algorithms were developed to carry out the signal processing and classification processes. Power consumption was measured at 30mW giving 96 hours of continuous operation. The computation time for the signal sub-band filtering and heart beat interval calculations was measured at 2.1ms per 8ms interval, and heart beat classification at 10.2ms per classifier per beat detected. This research demonstrates that the design of a low-powered, low-cost, miniature ECG monitor having the ability to automatically detect atrial fibrillation in real time is feasible.