Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENOTYPIC COMPARISON OF DETERMINATE AND INDTERMINATE SOYBEAN LINES FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

This research was conducted to study the effect of growth habit on yield and yield components of indigenous soybean lines collected from Kurram Agency of Pakistan. Fifteen determinate lines and 15 indeterminate lines were selected and sown in Randomized Complete Block design with three replications for two years (2015-16). Data were recorded on various yield components. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among lines, determinate lines, indeterminate lines and determinate vs. indeterminate interactions for all the traits except seeds pod. The overall effect of years was nonsignificant. Lines × year interactions were highly significant. Only indeterminate soybean had significant interactions with years for plant height, yield plant, leaf area seed size and 100-seed weight. However, the average performance of indeterminate lines was better than determinate ones for pods plant, yield plant, plant height, yield plant and seeds plant . Determinate lines had significant correlations of plant height with yield plant (0.25), seeds plant with seeds pod (0.55) and 100-seed weight (0.46), pods plant with seeds plant (0.75) and 100-seed weight (0.46). Similarly significant correlations were observed for seeds plant with seeds pod (0.71) and pods plant (0.70). Significant but negative correlations of pod length (-0.21), pods plant (-0.22), days to maturity (-0.21) were observed with yield plant and positive significant correlation with hundred seed weight (0.27) of indeterminate soybean lines. Similarly significant correlations were observed between days to maturity with seeds plant (0.20), pods plant (0.38), seed size (0.28) and had significant but negative correlations with yield plant (-0.21). These results suggested that indeterminate lines had better performance for plant height, pods plant, seeds plant and yield plant as compared to determinate lines and can be used in breeding high yielding soybean varieties.
Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning

Accurate selectivity estimation for string predicates is a long-standing research challenge in databases. Supporting pattern matching on strings (such as prefix, substring, and suffix) makes this problem much more challenging, thereby necessitating a dedicated study. Traditional approaches often build pruned summary data structures such as tries followed by selectivity estimation using statistical correlations. However, this produces insufficiently accurate cardinality estimates resulting in the selection of sub-optimal plans by the query optimizer. Recently proposed deep learning based approaches leverage techniques from natural language processing such as embeddings to encode the strings and use it to train a model. While this is an improvement over traditional approaches, there is a large scope for improvement. We propose Astrid, a framework for string selectivity estimation that synthesizes ideas from traditional and deep learning based approaches. We make two complementary contributions. First, we propose an embedding algorithm that is query-type (prefix, substring, and suffix) and selectivity aware. Consider three strings 'ab', 'abc' and 'abd' whose prefix frequencies are 1000, 800 and 100 respectively. Our approach would ensure that the embedding for 'ab' is closer to 'abc' than 'abd'. Second, we describe how neural language models could be used for selectivity estimation. While they work well for prefix queries, their performance for substring queries is sub-optimal. We modify the objective function of the neural language model so that it could be used for estimating selectivities of pattern matching queries. We also propose a novel and efficient algorithm for optimizing the new objective function. We conduct extensive experiments over benchmark datasets and show that our proposed approaches achieve state-of-the-art results.
Differential Evolution with Tabu List for Solving Nonlinear and Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming Problems

Differential evolution (DE), a population-based direct-search algorithm, has been gaining popularity in the recent past due to its simplicity and ability to handle nonlinear, nondifferentiable, and nonconvex functions. In this study, a method, namely, differential evolution with tabu list (DETL), is described and evaluated for solving constrained optimization problems encountered in chemical engineering. It incorporates the concept of tabu search (TS) (i.e., avoiding revisits during the search) in DE mainly to improve its computational efficiency. DETL is initially applied to many nonlinear programming problems (NLPs) involving 2−13 variables and up to 38 constraints. It is then tested on several mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems (MINLPs) encountered in chemical engineering practice. The performance results of DETL, DE, and modified differential evolution (MDE) (Babu, K. V.; Angira, R. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2006, 30, 989), for both NLPs and MINLPs, are presented, and the relative performance of th.
Determination of Pyrethroids in Environmental Waters Using Magnetic Chitosan Extraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography Detection

The magnetic chitosan was prepared by adding chitosan, Fe2+ and Fe3+ into a basic precipitant of NaOH solution. The synthetic magnetic chitosan was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and physical properties. The adsorption characteristics of magnetic chitosan for extracting pyrethroids from water samples were investigated. The analytes were separated by magnetic solid phase extraction and determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The optimum conditions of adsorption experiments were obtained: the amount of sorbent was 80 mg, the extraction time was 20 min, the washing solvent was 50% aqueous methanol, and the eluent was acetonitrile-acetic acid (99: 1, v/v). The obtained linearity of three pyrethroids was in the range of 30–3000 ng L−1. The detection limits of beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, and cyphenothrin were 7.5, 5.6, and 6.1 ng L−1, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of three pyrethroids were in the range of 3.6–5.2% and 5.9–8.6%, respectively. In the optimized conditions, three water samples were analyzed, and the recoveries of pyrethroids obtained were 83.2–95.2%.
Effect of foliar sprays of NAA and boron on flowering, fruiting, fruit retention and yield of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

The experiment was carried out at Horticulture Garden, Department of Fruit Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) during the years 2017-18 and 2018-19. Sixteen treatments viz. four levels of NAA (0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm) and Boron (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) were studies in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Spraying were done twice i.e. before flowering (10 Feb.) and at pea stage (06 April) during both the years. Application of individual sprays of NAA 60 ppm significantly maximized length of panicle (33.13 and 35.03 cm), number of fruits at pea stage (44.51 and 47.50), fruit retention per panicle at maturity stage (23.78 and 25.43), fruit length (3.06 and 3.26 cm), fruit diameter (2.84 and 2.98 cm), fruit weight (19.04 and 20.10 g) and yield of marketable fruits per plant (70.03 and 73.40 kg) in corresponding years, whereas, days to flowering was hastened taking (23.42 and 21.73 days). Sprays of 0.4% boron elongated shoot length significantly (24.75 and 26.71 cm), number of fruits at pea stage (42.16 and 45.29), fruit diameter (2.79 and 2.92 cm), fruit weight (19.22 and 20.08 g) in respective years and 0.6% boron significantly enhanced fruit retention per panicle at maturity (22.62 and 24.29) and yield of marketable fruits per plant (65.21 and 68.55 kg), whereas, length of panicle (33.42 and 35.32 cm) and fruit length (3.09 and 3.29 cm) were enhanced and days to flowering was earliest (23.66 and 21.99 days) with 0.4% boron during previous year and 0.6% boron sprays during final year. Regarding interaction effect marketable yield per plant was found significantly highest (74.64 kg) under interactive treatment N2 B2 during previous year only.
THE IMPACT OF NEED FOR COGNITIVE CLOSURE ON FACEBOOK COMMERCE AND THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT

Facebook commerce, a new and novel form of social commerce that has gained momentum over the last few years, refers to the ut ilization of the largest social networking site in the world, Facebook, to buy, sell, and exchange products and services. Both individual consumers and businesses are using the platform to conduct electronic business activities. Drawing on the extant literature on perceived social support, need for cognitive closure, and social commerce, a multidisciplinary conceptual model was advised to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of the need for cognitive closure as an individual trait on Facebook members’ intention to use the platform for e-commerce activities. An online survey was used to gather data from Facebook users in Jordan. The findings indicate that both shoppers’ perception of social support and need for cognitive closure display direct positive impacts on Facebook commerce intention. Moreover, the results show that need for cognitive closure positively influences one’s perception of social support over Facebook which in turn increases purchase intention, supporting the proposed hypothesis that perceived social support mediates the relationship between need for cognitive closure and Facebook commerce intention. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study along with limitations, future research directions and conclusions are discussed in the paper.
EFFECT OF EARLY FEEDING DIET DILUTION BY SPUTTER DATES ON SOME PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS

This study was conducted to determine the effect of early feeding diet dilution by sputter dates on some productive performance of broilers. This experiment was conducted at the poultry farm, Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University from 2/12/2018 to 7/1/2019. A total of 240, One day, unsexed, broiler Ross 308 were used, in four-story batteries, each floor contains a cage of 1 × 1.5 m, The chicks were randomly distributed to 60 chicks per treatment with three replicates (20 chicks each). The treatments were as follows; T1: (control treatment), while T2, T3 and T4 feed diluted by the sputter date palm powder by 10, 20 and 30% in the basal diet from 7-21 of bird age respectively. The results of the study showed no significant differences in the production traits (body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion coefficient) among all the experiments in the experiment. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the values of the production index with a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the mortality in all the feed dilution treatments compared to the control treatment.
Nitrogen transformation and plant growth in response to different urea-application methods and the addition of DMPP

The differences in soil inorganic-nitrogen (N) concentration and distribution, plant biomass, and root growth in the presence or absence of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) under different urea-application methods (placement versus homogeneously applied) were explored in a short-term microcosm experiment. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in a microcosm with six different treatments: no amendment (CK), DMPP homogeneously applied (DMPP-hom), urea homogeneously applied (Urea-hom), urea with DMPP homogeneously applied (Urea + DMPP-hom), urea placement (Urea-place), and urea with DMPP placement (Urea + DMPP-place). After 28 d, plant biomass, soil inorganic nitrogen content, distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen and plant roots in the soil were analyzed. The soil inorganic N and plant roots tended to be distributed asymmetrically in the placement treatment but were distributed symmetrically in the homogeneous treatment. DMPP addition significantly increased the soil NH 4 -N content and decreased the NO 3 -N content, especially near the fertilized zones in the placement treatment. Compared to the urea-only treatments, DMPP application significantly increased the shoot biomass and root lengths of the wheat in the homogeneous treatment but decreased them in the placement treatment. Therefore, homogeneously applied urea and DMPP may produce a more uniform nutrient distribution, leading to greater nitrogen retention in the soil and thus accelerating wheat growth.
Effect of plant growth regulators on vegetative and flowering parameters of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) cv. adigo yellow

An investigation on “Effect of plant growth regulators on vegetative and flowering parameters of gladiolus cv. Adigo Yellow” was carried out at Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru (Under University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot), during 201718. The experiment was conducted by planting the corms which were soaked in different plant growth regulators at different concentrations for 24 hours. The treatment comprised of BAP (25, 50 and 75 ppm), GA3 (50,100 and 150 ppm) and NAA (50,100 and 150 ppm) with control as check. The results revealed that, GA3 at 150 ppm recorded the early sprouting (9.00) and late sprouting was recorded in control (13.00), maximum sprouting percentage (83.91%) and NAA at 50 ppm was recorded minimum sprouting (66.03), maximum plant height (77.80), stem girth (2.19), spike length (68.10), rachis length (53.97), number of florets per spike (15.07), size of floret (10.80), weight of spike (82.69), vase life (14.03) were recorded in GA3 at 150 ppm and minimum values were recorded in BAP at 25 ppm. More number of leaves and maximum leaf area were recorded in BAP at 75 ppm. Whereas, minimum number of leaves and leaf area were recorded in control. These results emphasizes the significant differences among the different growth regulators with respect to vegetative and flowering parameters in gladiolus cv. Adigo Yellow, which impact on flower yield and quality.
Investigation of Ozone Loss Rate Influenced by the Surface Material of a Discharge Chamber

ABSTRACT Decay characteristics of ozone concentration in oxygen in a chamber with three types of wall material (stainless steel, copper, and aluminum) are measured using the 254 nm photoabsorption method. Effective lifetimes of ozone are estimated from decay curves of ozone concentration. These values depend on the wall material: They are largest for stainless steel and smallest for aluminum. The relationship between effective lifetime and gas pressure is investigated precisely to determine three values. The equivalent diffusion coefficient of ozone in oxygen and the reflection coefficient of ozone at the wall correspond to the loss rate of ozone at the wall. The collisional loss (quenching) rate coefficient of ozone in oxygen is also determined.
Duckweed: an effective tool for phyto-remediation

Effective wastewater treatment through conventional methods that rely on heavy aeration are expensive to install and operate. Duckweed is capable of recovering or extracting nutrients or pollutants and is an excellent candidate for bio-remediation of wastewaters. Such plants grow very fast, utilizing wastewater nutrients and also yield cost effective protein-rich biomass as a by-product. Duckweeds being tiny surface-floating plants are easy to harvest and have an appreciable amount of protein (15%–45% dry mass basis) and a lower fiber (7%–14% dry mass basis) content. Besides nutrient extraction, duckweeds has been found to reduce total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand in wastewater significantly. Depending on the initial concentrations of nutrients, duckweed-covered systems can remove nitrate (NO3 −) at daily rates of 120–590 mg NO3 − m−2 (73%–97% of initial concentration) and phosphate (PO4 −) at 14–74 mg PO4 − m−2 (63%–99% of initial concentration). Removal efficiencies within 3 days of 96% and 99% have been reported for BOD and ammonia (NH3). Besides several genera of duckweeds (Spirodela, Lemna, Wolffia), other surface-floating aquatic plants like water hyacinth (Eichhornia) are well known for their phyto-remediation qualities.
Fixed-Time Stabilization of Spatial Constrained Wheeled Mobile Robot via Nonlinear Mapping

—The problem of ﬁxed-time stabilizing control for wheeled mobile robot subject to spatial constraint is studied in this paper. A nonlinear mapping is ﬁrst introduced to transform the constrained system into a new unconstrained one. Then, by employing the adding a power integrator technique and switching control strategy, a state feedback controller is successfully constructed to guarantee that the states of closed-loop system are regulated to zero in a given ﬁxed time without violation of the constraint. Finally, simulation results are given to conﬁrm the efﬁcacy of the presented control scheme.
Breast feeding practices: Effect on infant morbidity

WHO recommends mothers worldwide to exclusively breastfeed infants for the child's first six months to achieve optimal growth, development and health. Breast milk comes equipped with antibodies that a woman generates and passes on to her infant. Babies have immature immune systems, less stomach acid to destroy foreign substances and unsanitary eating habits, so these antibodies improve their chances of survival. If every child was breastfed within an hour of birth, given only breast milk for their first six months of life, and continued breastfeeding up to the age of two years, about 800,000 child lives would be saved every year. In view of this, a differential design on “Breast Feeding Practices: Effect on Infant Morbidity” was conducted in the year 2015-16 with the objective to assess the effect of breast feeding practices on infant morbidity. The population of the study consisted of 900 mother –infant dyads, where the infants were in the age group of 3months to 24 months and their mothers from rural as well as urban area of northern Karnataka. The tools used for the study were Socio – economic status scale developed by Aggarwal et al. (2005) [1] and a self structured questionnaire to document the feeding practices, patterns, maternal and child health indicators, knowledge and attitude of mothers towards breast feeding. Most (51.78%) of the mothers reported that the children were suffering illness as against no illness (48.22%). Regarding the type of illness the type of illness recorded the most was cold and upper respiratory tract infections (40.44%), followed by diarrhoea (17.56%), colic pain (8.22%), sinus problems (5.56%), constipation (5.44%), ear infections (5.33%), Pneumonia and lung infections (4.11%), urinary tract infections (2.67%) and heart and Kidney problems (0.33%). It was observed that majority of the exclusively breast fed infants for first six months did not report any illness (75.26 vs 24.74%), followed by predominantly breast fed infants (38.34 Vs 61.76%), complementarily fed infants (15 vs 85%) and never breast fed infants (7.10 Vs 92.86%) indicating higher odd of illness in children who are breast fed for less than three months.
Fourier transform infrared study of the kinetics and mechanisms for the chlorine-atom- and hydroxyl-radical-initiated oxidation of glycolaldehyde

The Cl-atom- and HO-radical-initiated oxidation of CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO was studied by the FTIR spectroscopic method in the steady-state photolyses (lambda greater than or equal to 300 nm) of mixtures containing ppm concentrations of CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO and Cl/sub 2/, and CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO and C/sub 2/H/sub 5/ONO, respectively, in 700 Torr of N/sub 2/-O/sub 2/. HCHO and CHO-CHO were observed as major initial products in both the Cl and HO reactions. In the presence of added NO/sub 2/, the former product was partially replaced by a transient species identified as CH/sub 2/(OH)C(double bond O)OONO/sub 2/, while the CHO-CHO yield remained unchanged. The results are consistent with the occurrence of reactions 1a and 1b followed by the subsequent oxidation of the ensuring radicals CH/sub 2/(OH)C(double bond O) and CH(OH)CHO, i.e., CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO +Cl (or HO) . -->. CH/sub 2/(OH)C(double bond O) + HCl (or H/sub 2/O) (1a), CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO +Cl (or HO) . -->. CH(OH)CHO + CHl (or H/sub 2/O) (1b). Values for k/sub 1b//(k/sub 1a/ + k/sub 1b/) were determined to be 0.35 and 0.22 for the Cl and HO reactions, respectively. Relative rate constants of k(Cl + CH/sub 3/CHO)/k(Cl+CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO) = 0.9 and k(HO+CH/sub 3/CHO)lt. slashK(HO+CH/sub 2/(OH)CHO) = 1.6 were also obtained.
Empowering Rural Women’s Involvement in Income Generating Activities Through BRAC Microfinance Institution in Sylhet District, Bangladesh

This article presented the findings on the role of microcredit financial assistance, specifically from Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) Micro-finance institution to assist rural women in Sylhet District, Bangladesh involved in income generating activities. The impact on their socioeconomic empowerment, the constraints of rural women in having access to loan service from microfinance institutions and loan repayment process will be discussed. The target population of the study was those women who had availed microcredit facilities from some microcredit providing institutions or organizations in the study area. Survey method was used as a technique for data collection. The results of the analysis indicate that participation of rural women in micro-finance assisted income generating activities contributes towards socioeconomic empowerment. It also showed that most of the rural women who availed the facility of microcredit finally became empowered through acquiring the confidence level, business skills, decision making power, and self-esteem. The findings also showed that microcredit has significant impact on the up lift of socio-economic empowerment of the women’s in Sylhet district. However, constraints of rural women in accessing loan and loan repayment process should be properly addressed by the stakeholders to improve the contribution of microfinance institutions for achieving sustainable development goal. Hence, accessing microcredit has been able to empower women financially and it is suggested that microcredit loan be made accessible to poor women who are keen to uplift the family’s economic wellbeing.