Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of entrepreneurial education and Islamic values matter

This paper traces how the Islamic values drive entrepreneurship education and intention for entrepreneurship, as well as examines the moderating role of the entrepreneurial mindset. We adopted structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) to gain detailed information on how the connectivity among variables. This study involved 381 students in several Islamic boarding schools who incorporated entrepreneurial practices. The findings indicated that Islamic values are highly incorporated with entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial mindset of Islamic boarding schools. This study also confirmed that there is a rigorously significant between entrepreneurship education, mindset, and students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Lastly, this paper notes that the mindset of entrepreneurship plays a pivotal role in mediating Islamic value and entrepreneurship education with regard to students’ entrepreneurial intention. This work offers Islamic values as a contextual factor that greatly influences the enhancement of Islamic boarding school students’ intentions.
Potential of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate as Chelating Agent against Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and as Cross-Linking Agent Towards Hybrid Layer in Dentin Collagen: A Review

Adhesive dentistry’s main assumption is to create a strong chemical bond between dental hard tissues and restorative composite material. One of the most important aspects of this interface is the hybrid layer. Unfortunately, due to physical and chemical causes, the hybrid layer wears away with time. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component extracted from green tea, has several roles in the medical and dentistry field including as a crosslinking agent and as a chelating agent. Although there are several negative results, EGCG was proven to be able to preserve resin-dentin bonds without harming the restoration. As a crosslinking agent and chelating agent, EGCG has the potential to enhance the physical properties of dentin collagen and resin-dentin adhesion. The purpose of this study was to see how EGCG, as a cross-linking agent, affected dentinal collagen and hybrid layers, as well as how chelating chemicals affected Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs).
Face-To-Face, Online and Hybrid Education: University Students’ Opinions and Preferences

Although there is a growing number of studies with regard to the forced transition to online education during the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer studies regard students ’ perceptions on different modes of education or a comparison among these. The purpose of this study was to investigate university students ’ opinions and preferences regarding face-to-face, online and hybrid modes of education, soon after their return to traditional face-to-face classes. The participants were 24 Greek students and data were collected via semi-structured interviews. Perceived benefits of face-to-face education include immediacy with teachers, socialization, and interactions, as well as students ’ active participation, while the major perceived disadvantage is the demanding timetable. Perceived benefits of online education include the time and space flexibility, followed by familiarity with digital technology, while negative opinions regard technical problems and loss of practical classes. Positive perceptions about hybrid education are often linked to combining the benefits of face-to-face and online education. Students ’ preferences for their future education highlight both face-to-face and hybrid education. Implications for university practices-policies, and recommendations for adoption of hybrid-blended modes of education are discussed.
The Minimalist Program and a Perfect Syntax.

Scored, resin-coated, fiber board blanks for liquid cartons are provided in which the fiber board core contains a first ethylene polymer coating directly bonded to the side of the blank that will form the interior of the ultimate carton, a second ethylene polymer coating is directly bonded to the side of the blank that will form the interior of the ultimate carton, a second ethylene polymer coating is directly bonded to the side of the blank that will form the exterior of the ultimate carton, and a third ethylene polymer coating is directly bonded to the second ethylene polymer coating. The first ethylene polymer coating is approximately 1 mil thick, the second ethylene polymer coating is about 0.5 mil thick, and the third ethylene polymer coating is about 0.05 mil thick. The ethylene polymer contained in the first and second ethylene polymer coatings is an ethylene polymer having a density of less than about 0.93 gram/cm3 and a melt point of less than about 108 DEG C. The ethylene polymer contained in the third ethylene polymer coating will be an ethylene polymer having a density of about 0.96 gram/cm3. Each of the three ethylene polymer coatings will be free of any added slip agent.
Patterns evolution of Urban Heat Island phenomenon in Chilean cities and proposal of mitigation strategies by climatic emplacement

Mitigation of Urban Heat Island phenomenon is becoming a priority for many cities worldwide. Chile is a country with an enormous variety of climates, form arid to cold, form temperate to oceanic and continental. Most important Chilean cities have been monitored in the recent past and presents an expansion of the hottest sectors, as consequence of fast urban development, changes in the land use and vertical growth. Mitigation strategies, up to the date, have not been considered yet as a part of the strategic planning, but only discussed by scientist and technicians as possible future scenarios. This work presents the most relevant findings of remote sensing and in situ monitoring of Chilean cities, and proposes a set of mitigation strategies by climate, tested by simulation, such as: cool pavements and roofs, green roofs and façades, tree planting, urban design to maximize the effect of breezes and shadows.
MORSE THEORY FOR MIN-TYPE FUNCTIONS*

0. Introduction. Morse theory for distance functions was initiated by GroveShiohama [GS] and Gromov’s [G1] paper where basic notions of the theory were formulated; even this very initial level of the theory leads to important geometric applications. Grove and Shiohama [GS] established a generalized sphere theorem by constructing a vector field on a Riemannian manifold, with the property that the distance function had no stationary points along the integral curves at non-singular points of the vector field. They showed that this vector field had exactly two singular points and hence the manifold was homeomorphic to a sphere. Later Gromov [G1] was able to bound the sum of the Betti numbers of a positively curved Riemannian manifold. He controlled the location of critical points of a Riemannian distance function on a positively curved manifold using Toponogov’s theorem and then was able to bound the number of critical points of this function and hence the homology of the manifold, using a spectral sequence argument. Morse theory for Riemannian distance functions was discussed in [Gr], [L] and other papers, which explained its importance for geometric applications rather than developed the theory itself. Even a suitable concept of the index of a critical point has not been developed. As a result, the most powerful tools of the classical Morse theory such as Morse inequalities and the correspondence between critical points and the handle decomposition of the manifold cannot be used. The relationship with the classical Morse theory has not been investigated either; in particular, the connection between notions of the critical points in both theories is not obvious. In a different direction, the structure of Alexandrov spaces with curvatures bounded below was investigated using distance functions in several papers starting with [BGP] and continuing with [P1], [P2]. A key result obtained is a canonical stratification of such Alexandrov spaces into topological manifolds and again the technique is a type of Morse theory, using the distance function. As Alexandrov spaces do not have as much structure as Riemannian manifolds, our theory gives more detailed information on the nature of critical points and index. M. Gromov pointed out in [G1] that the Morse theory for Riemannian distance functions can be developed by analogy with the classical Morse theory. The aim of this paper is to construct a Morse theory for functions which are minima of finite families of smooth functions and clarify the connection with Riemannian distance functions for non-positively curved manifolds. We develop the theory in the classical style, including the notion of the index for critical points, and clarify relations with the Grove-Shiohama-Gromov approach.
Oral Vitamin D Supplementation and Clinical Outcomes of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusions

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the therapeutic response of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) with and without concomitant vitamin D supplementation. Methods Seventy eyes of 68 patients with macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) received three monthly IVB injections. Patients with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) higher than 30 ng/ml were considered as the sufficient group. Cases with serum 25(OH) D levels below 30 ng/ml were randomized into the treatment and control groups. The control group received 50,000 IU of oral vitamin D, weekly for two months. One month after the last IVB injection, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured and compared with the preinjection values. Results While 43 eyes (61.4%) of 42 patients had BRVO, 27 eyes (38.6%) of 26 patients had CRVO. In BRVO patients, changes of CMT and BCVA were not significantly different between the sufficient, control, and treatment groups (P = 0.58 and 0.64, respectively). In the CRVO group, CMT reduction in the control group was significantly less than the sufficient and treatment groups (P = 0.048). In addition, improvement of BCVA in the control group was significantly less (P = 0.036) than the sufficient and treatment groups. Conclusion Oral vitamin D supplement therapy may improve anatomical and functional outcomes in patients with CRVO and vitamin D deficiency.
Brief paper swarm stability of high-order linear time-invariant swarm systems

In this study the swarm stability problem of high-order linear time-invariant (LTI) swarm systems with directed graph topology is dealt with. Consensus can be regarded as a specific type of swarm stability problem. Necessary and sufficient conditions for both swarm stability and consensus are presented. These conditions depend on the graph topology, the dynamics of agents and the interactions among the neighbours. Simulation instances are shown to illustrate the theoretical results.
Non-Metric Label Propagation

In many applications non-metric distances are better than metric distances in reflecting the perceptual distances of human beings. Previous studies on non-metric distances mainly focused on supervised setting and did not consider the usefulness of unlabeled data. In this paper, we present probably the first study of label propagation on graphs induced from non-metric distances. The challenge here lies in the fact that the triangular inequality does not hold for non-metric distances and therefore, a direct application of existing label propagation methods will lead to inconsistency and conflict. We show that by applying spectrum transformation, non-metric distances can be converted into metric ones, and thus label propagation can be executed. Such methods, however, suffer from the change of original semantic relations. As a main result of this paper, we prove that any nonmetric distance matrix can be decomposed into two metric distance matrices containing different information of the data. Based on this recognition, our proposed NMLP method derives two graphs from the original non-metric distance and performs a joint label propagation on the joint graph. Experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed NMLP method.
DC/DC Converter for Integration of Renewable into DC mu-Grid

This paper suggests a new high voltage gain DC-DC power electronics boosting converter. Many recent applications demand that an input voltage source is boosted to provide a much larger output voltage to be used elsewhere. The modern photovoltaic/fuel-cell sources or battery to mu-grid $(\mu\text{-}$ grid) structure heavily depends on the voltage boosting concept since these sources generate a voltage of a small magnitude. In this structure, high voltage boosting DC-DC converters are necessary to integrate renewables into the DC $\mu$-grid structure. The newly proposed converter, referred to in this paper as the Switched-Capacitor-Inductor-Boosting (SCIB) Converter, allows for an efficient voltage boosting operation suitable for various applications such as the photovoltaic, $\mu$-grid structure, portable embedded systems, etc. The SCIB converter topology is based on the SEPIC and a switched-capacitor-inductor structure. Although the classical SEPIC converter is admired by industry due to its ability to provide a non-inverted output voltage that is stepped down or stepped up from the input voltage, the boosting gain of the SEPIC is limited; hence, the proposed converter is designed to boost the voltage gain further. The mathematical analysis and discussion on the voltage gain and switch stress of the SCIB converter are shown and validated through numerical software.
Caracterização de estruturas de ondas lentas helicoidais para utilização em TWT de potência

In this work, a mathematical model and a measurement apparatus for aiding in the project and characterization of slow-wave structures for highpower traveling-wave tubes were developed. The objective is to obtain the phase velocity and the interaction impedance characteristics of a given slow-wave structure. A ring-bar slow-wave structure was mathematically modeled as a contrawound helix in a such way that several published and still unpublished results could be achieved. A microwave measurement apparatus was developed for the experimental characterization of the slow-wave structure under analysis. The measurement procedures are presented and the experimental results are compared to the theoretical predictions. The experimental results presented good reproducibility and differed from the theoretical ones in an expected way. It was considered that the mathematical model and the measurement apparatus, as well experimental procedures, already constitute a very important tool, which will have fundamental role in the design and manufacture of traveling-wave tubes.
Multi‐Scale Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Dynamics Observed by PMC Turbo on 12 July 2018: 2. DNS Modeling of KHI Dynamics and PMC Responses

Kjellstrand et al. (2022), https://10.1029/2021JD036232 describes the evolution and dynamics of a strong, large‐scale Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI) event observed in polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) on 12 July 2018 by high‐resolution imagers aboard the PMC Turbulence (PMC Turbo) stratospheric long‐duration balloon experiment. The imaging provides evidence of KH billow interactions and instabilities that are strongly influenced by gravity waves at larger scales. Specific features include initially separated regions of KHI, secondary convective and KH instabilities of individual billows, and “tubes” and “knots” that arise where billow cores are mis‐aligned or discontinuous along their axes. This study describes a direct numerical simulation of KH billow interactions in a periodic domain seeded with random initial noise that enables excitation of multiple KH billows exhibiting variable phase structures that capture multiple features of the observed KHI dynamics. Variable KH billow phases along their axes yield initial vortex tubes having diagonal alignments that link adjacent, but mis‐aligned, billow cores. Weak initial vortex tubes and billow cores having nearly orthogonal alignments amplify, interact strongly, and drive intense vortex knots at these sites. These vortex tube and knot (T&K) dynamics excite “twist waves” that unravel the initial vortex tubes, and drive increasingly strong vortex interactions and a cascade of energy and enstrophy to successively smaller scales in the turbulence inertial range. The implications of T&K dynamics are much more rapid and intense breakdown and decay of the KH billows, and significantly enhanced energy dissipation rates, where these interactions occur.
Recent Developments in the Understanding of Immunity, Pathogenesis and Management of COVID-19

Coronaviruses represent a diverse family of enveloped positive-sense single stranded RNA viruses. COVID-19, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, is a highly contagious respiratory disease transmissible mainly via close contact and respiratory droplets which can result in severe, life-threatening respiratory pathologies. It is understood that glutathione, a naturally occurring antioxidant known for its role in immune response and cellular detoxification, is the target of various proinflammatory cytokines and transcription factors resulting in the infection, replication, and production of reactive oxygen species. This leads to more severe symptoms of COVID-19 and increased susceptibility to other illnesses such as tuberculosis. The emergence of vaccines against COVID-19, usage of monoclonal antibodies as treatments for infection, and implementation of pharmaceutical drugs have been effective methods for preventing and treating symptoms. However, with the mutating nature of the virus, other treatment modalities have been in research. With its role in antiviral defense and immune response, glutathione has been heavily explored in regard to COVID-19. Glutathione has demonstrated protective effects on inflammation and downregulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby resulting in less severe symptoms of COVID-19 infection and warranting the discussion of glutathione as a treatment mechanism.
Optimal Structure of Lanthanum-Doped Hafnium Oxide: First-Principle Modeling

The atomic and electronic structure of lanthanum-doped hafnium oxide ($\left.\mathrm{HfO}_{2}: \mathrm{La}\right)$ is studied within the density functional theory simulation. $\mathrm{HfO}_{2}: \mathrm{La}$ is a promising material for resistive and ferroelectric random-access memory elements. By considering all possible spatial configurations of the oxygen vacancy and two lanthanum atoms in the hafnium substitution position in 95-atom supercell of five crystalline phases of HfO2, the energetically optimal structures of $\mathrm{HfO}_{2}: \mathrm{La}$ were found. For these structures of crystalline HfO2 with the 2.1 at. % La content the La atoms are located at a distance of about 5.8 Å from each other, and at least one of the lanthanum atoms is distanced from the oxygen vacancy. These structures are characterized by a bandgap free from defect levels, and the bandgap value is almost the same as that of perfect crystals. It is shown that the presence of La and hydrostatic pressure facilitates the stabilization of the ferroelectric and tetragonal phases of HfO2, but these phases remain energetically unfavorable as a bulk crystal.
Robust Handover Optimization Technique with Fuzzy Logic Controller for Beyond 5G Mobile Networks

Mobility management is an essential process in mobile networks to ensure a high quality of service (QoS) for mobile user equipment (UE) during their movements. In fifth generation (5G) and beyond (B5G) mobile networks, mobility management becomes more critical due to several key factors, such as the use of Millimeter Wave (mmWave) and Terahertz, a higher number of deployed small cells, massive growth of connected devices, the requirements of a higher data rate, and the necessities for ultra-low latency with high reliability. Therefore, providing robust mobility techniques that enable seamless connections through the UE’s mobility has become critical and challenging. One of the crucial handover (HO) techniques is known as mobility robustness optimization (MRO), which mainly aims to adjust HO control parameters (HCPs) (time-to-trigger (TTT) and handover margin (HOM)). Although this function has been introduced in 4G and developed further in 5G, it must be more efficient with future mobile networks due to several key challenges, as previously illustrated. This paper proposes a Robust Handover Optimization Technique with a Fuzzy Logic Controller (RHOT-FLC). The proposed technique aims to automatically configure HCPs by exploiting the information on Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and UE velocity as input parameters for the proposed technique. The technique is validated through various mobility scenarios in B5G networks. Additionally, it is evaluated using a number of major HO performance metrics, such as HO probability (HOP), HO failure (HOF), HO ping-pong (HOPP), HO latency (HOL), and HO interruption time (HIT). The obtained results have also been compared with other competitive algorithms from the literature. The results show that RHOT-FLC has achieved considerably better performance than other techniques. Furthermore, the RHOT-FLC technique obtains up to 95% HOP reduction, 95.8% in HOF, 97% in HOPP, 94.7% in HOL, and 95% in HIT compared to the competitive algorithms. Overall, RHOT-FLC obtained a substantial improvement of up to 95.5% using the considered HO performance metrics.
A Local–Global Estimator Based on Large Kernel CNN and Transformer for Human Pose Estimation and Running Pose Measurement

Running pose in the crowd can serve as an early warning of most abnormal events (e.g., chasing, fleeing, and robbing), which can be achieved by human behavior analysis based on human pose measurement. Although deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved impressive progress on human pose estimation (HPE), how to further improve the trade-off between estimation accuracy and speed remains an open issue. In this work, we first propose an efficient local–global estimator for HPE (called LGPose). Then based on the keypoints estimated by our LGPose, a simple regression model is defined using the geometry of the joints to achieve fast and accurate running pose measurement. To model the relationships between the human keypoints, a visual transformer (ViT) encoder is adopted to learn the long-range interdependencies between them at the pixel level. However, the operation of the transformer encoder is based on sequence processing that linearly projects the 2-D image patches to 1-D tokens. It loses the important local information. Yet, locality is crucial since it has relevance to lines, edges, and shapes. To learn the locality, we design effective CNN modules, rather than the original fully-connected network (FCN), into the feedforward module of ViT. Experiments on the MPII and COCO Keypoint val2017 datasets show that the proposed LGPose achieves the best trade-off among the compared state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we build a lightweight running movement dataset to verify the effectiveness of our LGPose. Based on the human pose estimated by our LGPose, we propose a regression model to measure running pose with an accuracy of 86.4% without training any other classifier. Our source codes and running dataset will be made publicly available.