Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The leukemogenic t(8;21) fusion protein AML1-ETO controls rRNA genes and associates with nucleolar-organizing regions at mitotic chromosomes

RUNX1/AML1 is required for definitive hematopoiesis and is frequently targeted by chromosomal translocations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The t(8;21)-related AML1-ETO fusion protein blocks differentiation of myeloid progenitors. Here, we show by immunofluorescence microscopy that during interphase, endogenous AML1-ETO localizes to nuclear microenvironments distinct from those containing native RUNX1/AML1 protein. At mitosis, we clearly detect binding of AML1-ETO to nucleolar-organizing regions in AML-derived Kasumi-1 cells and binding of RUNX1/AML1 to the same regions in Jurkat cells. Both RUNX1/AML1 and AML1-ETO occupy ribosomal DNA repeats during interphase, as well as interact with the endogenous RNA Pol I transcription factor UBF1. Promoter cytosine methylation analysis indicates that RUNX1/AML1 binds to rDNA repeats that are more highly CpG methylated than those bound by AML1-ETO. Downregulation by RNA interference reveals that RUNX1/AML1 negatively regulates rDNA transcription, whereas AML1-ETO is a positive regulator in Kasumi-1 cells. Taken together, our findings identify a novel role for the leukemia-related AML1-ETO protein in epigenetic control of cell growth through upregulation of ribosomal gene transcription mediated by RNA Pol I, consistent with the hyper-proliferative phenotype of myeloid cells in AML patients.
Teaching feedback skills to veterinary students by peer-assisted learning

Feedback is considered an essential element of effective learning. Students who receive feedback from peers can improve their clinical and communication skills. This paper aims to testify for whether peer-assisted learning (PAL) is successful in teaching students with the ability to give feedback. The study was design as tutors (n=20), tutees (n=20) and control group (n=20). Tutors were educated to provide constructive feedback, and this group trained tutees in PAL to increase their skills in providing feedback. After the training, tutors and tutees used role play about veterinarian-client consultation. At the end of the consultations, each tutee provided feedback to the tutor about his/her communication skills. As findings, there was a statistically significant change between the mean scores of both “tutor and control groups” (P<0.004) and “tutors and tutees” (P<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the academic year and gender between groups. Tutees benefited from being trained by peers, and tutors also improved their feedback skills by training peers. Conspicuously, PAL was found to be effective for not only tutors but also tutees. With this argument, it is predicted that other veterinary fields can also benefit from PAL throughout veterinary training.
Positive filtering for positive 2D fuzzy systems under performance

In this study, the problem of positive filtering is investigated for positive two-dimensional (2D) Roesser T-S fuzzy systems under l 1 -induced performance. Error-bounding positive filters are constructed to estimate the output of positive 2D T-S fuzzy systems. Firstly, a novel characterisation for asymptotic stability of the filtering error system with l 1 -induced performance is derived. Then, based on that characterisation, sufficient conditions are derived to design the required filters expressed by linear programming problems. Finally, the theoretical results are illustrated through a numerical example.
Lattice Boltzmann modelling of pulsatile flow using moment boundary condiitons

A Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with moment based boundary conditions is used to numerically simulate the two-dimensional flow between parallel plates, driven by a pulsating pressure gradient. The flow is simulated by using a single relaxation time model under both non-slip and Navier-slip boundary conditions. Convergence is investigated by using two distinct approaches. The first approach uses acoustic scaling in which we fix Mach, Reynolds and Womersley numbers whilst varying the LBM relaxation time. Diffusive scaling is used in the second approach - here we fix the Reynolds and Womersley numbers and the relaxation time whilst the Mach number decreases with increasing grid size. For no-slip conditions using acoustic scaling, the numerical method converges, but not always to the appropriate analytical result. However, the diffusive scaling approach performs as expected in this case, showing second-order convergence to the correct analytical result. Convergence to the analytical solution (though not always second-order) is also observed for the simulations with Navier-slip using acoustic scaling.
Cointegration and Tests of Present Value Models

In a model where a variable Y[sub t] is proportional to the present value, with constant discount rate, of expected future values of a variable y[sub t] the "spread" S[sub t]= Y[sub t] - [theta sub t] will be stationary for some [theta] whether or not y[sub t]must be differenced to induce stationarity. Thus, Y[sub t] and y[sub t] are cointegrated. The model implies that S[sub t] is proportional to the optimal forecast of [delta Y{sub t+1}] and also to the optimal forecast of S*[sub t], the present value of future [delta y{sub t}]. We use vector autoregressive methods, and recent literature on cointegrated processes, to test the model. When Y[sub t] is the long-term interest rate and y[sub t] the short-term interest rate, we find in postwar U.S. data that S[sub t] behaves much like an optimal forecast of S*[sub t] even though as earlier research has shown it is negatively correlated with [delta Y{sub t+1}]. When Y[sub t] is a real stock price index and y[sub t] the corresponding real dividend, using annual U.S. data for 1871-1986 we obtain less encouraging results for the model, al-though the results are sensitive to the assumed discount rate.
Dependency Detection and Repair in Web Application Tests

—Various techniques have been created for manipulating test suites in order to improve the cost-effectiveness of regression testing; these include regression test selection, test prioritization, test execution automation, test factoring, and test carving techniques. Dependencies between tests can render these techniques problematic, by causing tests to break (i.e., execute inappropriately or fail to execute at all). For this reason, researchers have begun to seek approaches for detecting or eliminating test dependencies. To date, this work has focused primarily on detecting test dependency while leaving the tedious and labor-intensive work to repair the damage caused by these dependencies to be performed manually by the developer. This paper presents WebTestRepair, the first automated algorithm for test dependency detection and repair in web application test suites. WebTestRepair performs a combined string and data-flow analysis which focus on identifying manifest test dependencies that cause test failures and then automatically repair the damage caused by these dependencies. As a result of this repair process a previously broken test suite is now able to execute without test failures. An empirical study to evaluate WebTestRepair on five open-source web applications shows that WebTestRepair was able to identify and repair manifest test dependencies in 95% of the scenarios in which they occurred and that it was also over 81% effective than a technique that randomly re-orders tests in an attempt to repair test breakages.
Spelling out consequences. Conditional constructions as a means to resist proposals in organisational planning process

Organisational planning processes often materialise as a series of meetings, where the future of the organisation is jointly discussed and negotiated as a part of local decision making sequences. Using conversation and discourse analytical approaches, this article investigates how proposals concerning the future can also be resisted by employing a specific device, a conditional construction (if X, then Y). The data for the study originate from a city organisation, whose customer services are being developed. The results show how the conditional constructions work in two interrelated ways. Firstly, by introducing a problematic hypothetical situation, they outline the undesirable consequences of the proposed idea in real work life. Secondly, by highlighting the experience of the customer, they present the organisation as benefitting from the potential rejection of the idea. The article discusses the implications of the results for the study of proposal and decision making sequences in longitudinal, multisemiotic discursive processes.
Evaluation of trends in high temperature extremes in north-western Europe in regional climate models

Projections of future changes in weather extremes on the regional and local scale depend on a realistic representation of trends in extremes in regional climate models (RCMs). We have tested this assumption for moderate high temperature extremes (the annual maximum of the daily maximum 2 m temperature, Tann.max). Linear trends in Tann.max from historical runs of 14 RCMs driven by atmospheric reanalysis data are compared with trends in gridded station data. The ensemble of RCMs significantly underestimates the observed trends over most of the north-western European land surface. Individual models do not fare much better, with even the best performing models underestimating observed trends over large areas. We argue that the inability of RCMs to reproduce observed trends is probably not due to errors in large-scale circulation. There is also no significant correlation between the RCM Tann.max trends and trends in radiation or Bowen ratio. We conclude that care should be taken when using RCM data for adaptation decisions.
Electrical and plasma parameters of ICP with high coupling efficiency

A novel design of ICP with high coupling efficiency is presented. The efficiency augmentation is achieved using a thin window and an antenna coil enhanced by a ferromagnetic core. Considerable improvement of ICP electrical and plasma characteristics is demonstrated through experiments in ICP operated at 2 MHz in a wide range of argon gas pressures between 1 mTorr and 1 Torr, and discharge power between 15 W and 0.5 KW.
An Algorithm to Improve Test Answer Copying Detection Using the Omega Statistic

The omega (ω) statistic is reputed to be one of the best indices for detecting answer copying on multiple choice tests, but its performance relies on the accurate estimation of copier ability, which is challenging because responses from the copiers may have been contaminated. We propose an algorithm that aims to identify and delete the suspected copied responses through probability sampling and bootstrapping. In doing so, the bias in copier ability estimation will be determined and used to update the ability estimate for calculating the modified omega (ωm), a new statistic based on the ω. The performance of ωm and ω were compared in a Monte Carlo simulation study under 40 typical testing conditions (2 test lengths x 4 sample sizes x 5 levels of copying). In almost all conditions, the ωm had the same or better controlled Type I error and higher power than ω. The increase in power was particularly eminent when the source's estimated ability was higher than the copier and when 20% or 30% of items were copied. These findings support the use of the ωm as a replacement of ω to detect answer copying in multiple choice exams.
Estimating Labor Market Power

Job differentiation gives employers market power, allowing them to pay workers less than their marginal productivity. We estimate a differentiated jobs model using application data from Careerbuilder.com. We find direct evidence of substantial job differentiation. Without the use of instruments for wages, job applications appear very inelastic with respect to wages. Plausible instruments produce elastic firm level application supply curves. Under some assumptions, the implied market level labor supply elasticity is 0.5, while the firm level labor elasticity is 4.8. This suggests that workers may produce 21% more than their wage level, consistent with significant monopsony power. ∗Azar: IESE Business School, Avinguda Pearson, 21, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Email, jazar@iese.edu. Berry: Department of Economics, Yale University, 37 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, CT 06520 and National Bureau of Economics; Email, steven.berry@yale.edu. Marinescu: University of Pennsylvania School of Social Policy & Practice, and NBER, 3701 Locust Walk, Philadelphia PA, 19104-6214; Email, ioma@upenn.edu. Scott Elliott provided excellent research assistance. We thank numerous seminar participants for useful comments.
Primary Bone Tumors

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level Radiography area of interest Usually Appropriate Varies CT area of interest with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate Varies CT area of interest without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate Varies CT area of interest without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate Varies FDG-PET/CT whole body Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢☢ MRI area of interest without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRI area of interest without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O Bone scan whole body Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ US area of interest Usually Not Appropriate O
Induction and Transmission of Mean Zonal Flow by Quasi-geostrophic Disturbances

The induction and transmission of mean motion by quasi-geostrophic disturbances are discussed. Two types of momentum transport process, i.e., that by a propagating internal wave packet and that by vortex tube stretching, are discussed by the use of a simple inviscid Boussinesq fluid channel model. The disturbance is excited by transient motion of the corrugated bottom, and the evolution of mean zonal flow is examined. From a preliminary theoretical consideration, it is shown that the change of mean zonal momentum is caused by the divergence of wave momentum flux. Thus, the concept of "momentum radiation born by a wave packet" is useful in the problem of internal Rossby wave-mean zonal flow interaction. By applying the conservation law of wave action to the approximated zonal mean potential vorticity equation, a simple formula for the induced mean zonal flow is obtained. The utility of the formula is confirmed by the numerical computations and also by the application to the actual atmospheric situation. Numerical time-integrations are conducted for three cases; (1) the Rossby parafeter * is zero, (2) **0 and the bottom moves westward and (3) **0and the bottom moves eastward. In the first case, the induced mean zonal motion cannot be transmitted vertically deep into the fluid layer due to the stratification just as seen in the spin-up (or down) process of a stratified viscous fluid. In the second case, the mean zonal flow (easterly) is induced by a propagating internal Rossby wave packet and transmitted vertically upward accompanied with the wave packet. In the third case, the westerly induction by vortex tube stretching process and the easterly acceleration by propagating internal waves counteract each other. Easterly flows are induced at upper levels and westerlies at lower levels. As the applications of the present results, the effect of planetary waves on the earth's upper atmospheric mean circulation is discussed, and further some conjectures are made upon the solar atmospheric equatorial acceleration.
Generation of extremely low frequency chorus in Van Allen radiation belts

Recent studies have shown that chorus can efficiently accelerate the outer radiation belt electrons to relativistic energies. Chorus, previously often observed above 0.1 equatorial electron gyrofrequency fce, was generated by energetic electrons originating from Earth's plasma sheet. Chorus below 0.1 fce has seldom been reported until the recent data from Van Allen Probes, but its origin has not been revealed so far. Because electron resonant energy can approach the relativistic level at extremely low frequency, relativistic effects should be considered in the formula for whistler mode wave growth rate. Here we report high‐resolution observations during the 14 October 2014 small storm and firstly demonstrate, using a fully relativistic simulation, that electrons with the high‐energy tail population and relativistic pitch angle anisotropy can provide free energy sufficient for generating chorus below 0.1 fce. The simulated wave growth displays a very similar pattern to the observations. The current results can be applied to Jupiter, Saturn, and other magnetized planets.
Local Analysis of the Fully Discrete Local Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Time-Dependent Singularly Perturbed Problem

In this paper we consider the fully discrete local discontinuous Galerkin method, where the third order explicit Runge-Kutta time marching is coupled. For the one-dimensional time-dependent singularly perturbed problem with a boundary layer, we shall prove that the resulted scheme is not only of good behavior at the local stability, but also has the double-optimal local error estimate. It is to say, the convergence rate is optimal in both space and time, and the width of the cut-oﬀ subdomain is also nearly optimal, if the boundary condition at each intermediate stage is given in a proper way. Numerical experiments are also given.
BARRIERS TO THE USE OF MOBILE SALES FORCE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS. A SALESPERSON’S PERSPECTIVE

Purpose – The objective is to examine the barriers associated with the adoption and use of mobile sales force automation (SFA) systems from a salesperson’s perspective. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative investigation of two business-to-business companies was conducted. Data collected from ten semi-structured interviews with directors or sales managers were analyzed to understand the main barriers to SFA system adoption. Findings (mandatory) – The study confirms the existence of three barriers (customer knowledge, quality of information, and the characteristics of mobile devices) to mobile SFA system use and identifies two additional barriers: lack of time and optimization issues. Research limitations/implications – The explorative nature of the study and the qualitative method employed limits the generalizability of the results. The propositions could be further validated and tested with a wider population. Practical implications – Organizations wishing to speed the adoption of a mobile SFA system should
Randomized controlled trial of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in autism spectrum disorder.

OBJECTIVE We aim to study the efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in children with autism spectrum disorder. METHODS A single-blind randomized control trial was conducted in 50 children. These children were randomly assigned to the treatment group with tongue acupuncture (40 sessions over 8 weeks) or the control group (sham tongue acupuncture to nonacupoints in the tongue). RESULTS There was improvement in both the treatment and control groups in all assessed measures but more so in the treatment than in the control group: (1) eye-hand coordination, performance, and practical reasoning of Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale; (2) sensory-motor, social, affectual, language, and total score of Ritvo-Freeman Real Life Scale; (3) Comprehension Language age in the Reynell Language Developmental Scale; and (4) Total Score and Mental Age in Symbolic Play Test. The only statistically significant improvement in the treatment as compared to the control group was seen in self-care and cognition domains of the Functional Independence Measure for children. CONCLUSIONS We had demonstrated that a short course of acupuncture had efficacy in improving various developmental and behavioral aspects of children with autism. The long-term efficacy in functional gain needs to be further explored.
"Smoking-Gun" Observables of Magnetic Reconnection: Spatiotemporal Evolution of Electron Characteristics Throughout the Diffusion Region

How does magnetic reconnection happen in a collisionless plasma? Knowledge of electron-scale dynamics is necessary to answer this outstanding question of plasma physics. Based on fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of symmetric reconnection, the spatiotemporal evolution of velocity distribution functions in and around the electron diffusion region (EDR) elucidates how electrons are accelerated and heated by the cooperating reconnection electric and normal magnetic fields. The discrete, triangular structures characteristic of EDR distributions rotate and gyrotropize in velocity space as electrons remagnetize, forming multicomponent arc and ring structures. Further downstream, exhaust electrons are found to exhibit highly structured, time-dependent anisotropies that can be used to infer the temporal stage of reconnection. Cluster spacecraft measurements from a magnetotail reconnection exhaust region agree with these simulation predictions. In PIC simulations of asymmetric reconnection, EDR distributions acquire crescent-shaped populations, indicative of accelerated magnetosheath electrons mixing with electrons of magnetospheric origin. NASA’s successfully launched Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission caught an EDR at the magnetopause and confirmed the signature crescent electron populations. A virtual spacecraft trajectory through the PIC domain is determined quantitatively by inputting MMS magnetic field measurements into an algorithm that outputs a trajectory along which the input measurements are matched. The crescent structures observed by MMS in the EDR are consistent with the simulation distributions at the corresponding time along the computed trajectory. This work demonstrates that electron characteristics can serve as “smokinggun” observables of the EDR at the heart of the magnetic reconnection mystery.