Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Holistic Evaluation of Digital Applications in the Energy Sector—Evaluation Framework Development and Application to the Use Case Smart Meter Roll-Out

The development of digital technologies is accelerating, enabling increasingly profound changes in increasingly short time periods. The changes affect almost all areas of the economy as well as society. The energy sector has already seen some effects of digitalization, but more drastic changes are expected in the next decades. Besides the very positive impacts on costs, system stability, and environmental effects, potential obstacles and risks need to be addressed to ensure that advantages can be exploited while adverse effects are avoided. A good understanding of available and future digital applications from different stakeholders’ perspectives is necessary. This study proposes a framework for the holistic evaluation of digital applications in the energy sector. The framework consists of a combination of well-established methods, namely the multi-criteria analysis (MCA), the life cycle assessment (LCA), and expert interviews. The objective is to create transparency on benefits, obstacles, and risks as a basis for societal and political discussions and to supply the necessary information for the sustainable development and implementation of digital applications. The novelty of the proposed framework is the specific combination of the three methods and its setup to enable sound applicability to the wide variety of digital applications in the energy sector. The framework is tested subsequently on the example of the German smart meter roll-out. The results reveal that, on the one hand, the smart meter roll-out clearly offers the potential to increase the system stability and decrease the carbon emission intensity of the energy system. Therefore, the overall evaluation from an environmental perspective is positive. However, on the other hand, close attention needs to be paid to the required implementation and operational effort, the IT (information technology) and data security, the added value for the user, the social acceptance, and the realization of energy savings. Therefore, the energy utility perspective in particular results in an overall negative evaluation. Several areas with a need for action are identified. Overall, the proposed framework proves to be suitable for the holistic evaluation of this digital application.
Minerals in the Human. Body Crystal chemistry of cement-asbestos

Abstract A study of a representative number of cement-asbestos (CA) samples removed from different localities in Italy has been accomplished with a combination of analytical techniques, including XRF, XRPD, SEM/EDS, micro-Raman, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), to elucidate the mineralogical and chemical variability of this class of building materials on a large scale. We describe a complex mineralogy including phases of cement hydration, residual non-hydrated components, and a relevant fraction attributed to various processes of deterioration. With the aid of the CaO-MgOSiO2 compositional diagram, three groups of CAs have been identified on the basis of their chemical parameters. This result is important for environmental and waste management issues
The cost of approximate controllability of heat equation with general dynamical boundary conditions

We consider the heat equation with dynamic bounary conditions involving gradient terms in a bounded domain. In this paper we study the cost of approximate controllability for this equation. Combining new developed Carleman estimates and some optimization techniques, we obtain explicit bounds of the minimal norm control. We consider the linear and the semilinear cases.
Quantifying Nitrous Acid Formation Mechanisms Using Measured Vertical Profiles During the CalNex 2010 Campaign and 1D Column Modeling

Nitrous acid (HONO) is an important radical precursor that can impact secondary pollutant levels, especially in urban environments. Due to uncertainties in its heterogeneous formation mechanisms, models often under predict HONO concentrations. A number of heterogeneous sources at the ground have been proposed but there is no consensus about which play a significant role in the urban boundary layer. We present a new one‐dimensional chemistry and transport model which performs surface chemistry based on molecular collisions and chemical conversion, allowing us to add detailed HONO formation chemistry at the ground. We conducted model runs for the 2010 CalNex campaign, finding good agreement with observations for key species such as O3, NOx, and HOx. With the ground sources implemented, the model captures the diurnal and vertical profile of the HONO observations. Primary HOx production from HONO photolysis is 2–3 times more important than O3 or HCHO photolysis at mid‐day, below 10 m. The HONO concentration, and its contribution to HOx, decreases quickly with altitude. Heterogeneous chemistry at the ground provided a HONO source of 2.5 × 1011 molecules cm−2 s−1 during the day and 5 × 1010 molecules cm−2 s−1 at night. The night time source was dominated by NO2 hydrolysis. During the day, photolysis of surface HNO3/nitrate contributed 45%–60% and photo‐enhanced conversion of NO2 contributed 20%–45%. Sensitivity studies addressing the uncertainties in both photolytic mechanisms show that, while the relative contribution of either source can vary, HNO3/nitrate is required to produce a surface HONO source that is strong enough to explain observations.
Motives for non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) use among young people in a semi-rural Canadian Province

ABSTRACT Objective In Canada, young people aged 15–24 had the fastest growing rates of hospitalization for opioid poisoning in the last decade, compared to other age groups. This cross-sectional study examined non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) use in youth and young adults in a semi-rural Canadian province. Method Participants completed an online survey about motives for NMPO use, and knowledge and utilization of local resources. Results All participants (N = 108) were self-reported opioid users between the ages of 15–25 years. The majority of participants had been prescribed an opioid by a physician in the past. Regression analysis showed that being older, having an opioid prescription, and using opioids for pain, coping, or enhancement reasons predicted higher levels of disordered opioid use. Pain was the most common motive for NMPO use and the strongest predictor of disordered opioid use. Most participants reported having limited knowledge about harm reduction resources in their communities. Conclusions Although the opioid crisis is a wide-spread concern, understanding why youth and young adults engage in NMPO use in local contexts may facilitate the development and implementation of resources that are more useful for these individuals, which could be scalable to other regions across Canada and internationally.
Communication in the Time of COVID-19: An Examination of Imagined Interactions and Communication Apprehension During the COVID-19 Pandemic

As people all over the world continue to adjust to the new normal presented to them by COVID-19, they must adjust to the social restrictions that have been enforced. These restrictions include shelter-in-place and work-from-home orders that severely limit the face-to-face interactions that were considered a norm in many peoples’ lives (e.g., speaking with the grocer, hair stylist, etc.). As individuals adjust to these changes, their communication behaviors must adapt as well. This study seeks to determine how the restrictions of COVID-19 have impacted Imagined Interactions (IIs) and Communication Apprehension (CA). This study identifies significant relationships between IIs and CA before and during COVID-19, as well as how certain demographics have experienced IIs and CA during the pandemic.
Effects of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) on Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Parameters of Dairy Cattle

Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is one of the most important metabolic disease of dairy cattle which decrease milk production, dry matter intake, productivity and increase culling rate and even cause death.Methods: In this study the epidemiological status of SARA namely age, breed, stage of lactation, lactation number, general health condition, body condition score, daily milk production, milk fat content and biochemical alteration were investigated.Result: Out of 100 cows examined 20 were found to be positive for SARA and the mean age of dairy cows suffering from SARA was found to be 6.53 ±0.68 years. The prevalence of SARA was 70 and 30 per cent in Jersey and HF breed of cows respectively and was high in mid lactation and the lactation number ranged from 2 to 6. 65 per cent. SARA affected cows were in poor body condition score, milk production and milk fat content was significantly low (P≤ 0.05). The mean GGT (Gamma Glutamyl Transferase) and AST (Asparate aminotransferase) values were significantly increased in SARA affected dairy cows. SARA seems to be a common problem in dairy cattle and it has to be considered when dealing with herd level problems like low milk fat, low milk production, poor body condition and appropriate management measures should be implemented to prevent it.
Determination of Soil Hydraulic Parameters and Evaluation of Water Dynamics and Nitrate Leaching in the Unsaturated Layered Zone: A Modeling Case Study in Central Croatia

Nitrate leaching through soil layers to groundwater may cause significant degradation of natural resources. The aims of this study were: (i) to estimate soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) of the similar soil type with same management on various locations; (ii) to determine annual water dynamics; and (iii) to estimate the impact of subsoil horizon properties on nitrate leaching. The final goal was to compare the influence of different SHPs and layering on water dynamics and nitrate leaching. The study was conducted in central Croatia (Zagreb), at four locations on Calcaric Phaeozem, Calcaric Regosol, and Calcaric Fluvic Phaeozem soil types. Soil hydraulic parameters were estimated using the HYPROP system and HYPROP-FIT software. Water dynamics and nitrate leaching were evaluated using HYDRUS 2D/3D during a period of 365 days. The amount of water in the soil under saturated conditions varied from 0.422 to 0.535 cm3 cm–3 while the hydraulic conductivity varied from 3 cm day−1 to 990.9 cm day−1. Even though all locations have the same land use and climatic conditions with similar physical properties, hydraulic parameters varied substantially. The amount and velocity of transported nitrate (HYDRUS 2D/3D) were affected by reduced hydraulic conductivity of the subsoil as nitrates are primarily transported via advective flux. Despite the large differences in SHPs of the topsoil layers, the deeper soil layers, having similar SHPs, imposed a buffering effect preventing faster nitrate downward transport. This contributed to a very similar distribution of nitrates through the soil profile at the end of simulation period. This case study indicated the importance of carefully selecting relevant parameters in multilayered soil systems when evaluating groundwater pollution risk.
Role of Glutathione-Ascorbate Cycle and Photosynthetic Electronic Transfer in Alternative Oxidase-Manipulated Waterlogging Tolerance in Watermelon Seedlings

Alternative oxidase (AOX) has been documented to mitigate the oxidative stress caused by abiotic stresses. However, it remains unknown how AOX regulates the antioxidant system and photosynthesis under waterlogging. To address this issue, we used two watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) cultivars (waterlogging tolerant cultivar ‘YL’ and sensitive cultivar ‘Zaojia8424’) as materials and the AOX inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) to investigate the effects of AOX on photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism under waterlogging. We found that waterlogging decreased leaf photosynthesis and quantum yield of photosynthesis in watermelon, and the waterlogging tolerant cultivar ‘YL’ showed higher expression level of ClaAOX than the sensitive cultivar ‘Zaojia8424’. Net photosynthesis rate was higher in ‘YL’ than ‘Zaojia8424’. Moreover, waterlogging induced photoinhibition in ‘Zaojia8424’ but not in ‘YL’. Meanwhile, waterlogging promoted the accumulation of superoxide and peroxide hydrogen, and triggered oxidative damage. ‘YL’ suffered from less severe oxidative damage due to increased contents of ascorbate, a higher ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG), a higher activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT), and enhanced levels of CAT and APX expression, relative to ‘Zaojia8424’. However, the alleviation of photosynthesis and oxidative damage, increased content of ascorbate and higher GSH/GSSG ratio were abolished by SHAM. Our results suggested that photosynthetic electronic transfer and glutathione-ascorbate cycle are involved in waterlogging tolerance mediated by the AOX pathway in watermelon.
Degradation Kinetics of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate Arils during the Drying Process

Abstract In this study, the drying kinetics of pomegranate arils, the degradation kinetics of some bioactive compounds, and changes in color values during the drying process were investigated. The drying process was performed by a forced air circulating oven at 55, 65, and 75°C. Drying times were calculated to be 1,020, 520, and 330 min, respectively. Effective moisture diffusivity values ranged from 5.39×10−11 to 1.70×10−10 m2 s−1 and increased with increases in temperature. Six different thin-layer drying models were applied to evaluate the goodness of the model. The degradation rate of bioactive compounds increased at higher temperatures; however, remaining amounts of phenolic, anthocyanin, and flavonoid compounds after drying were higher in samples dried at 75°C. The highest antioxidant capacity value was observed in the pomegranate arils dried at 75°C. While the L* values of pomegranate arils decreased after the drying process, the a* values increased.
Speciation of Am(III)/Eu(III) sorbed on γ-alumina: effect of metal ion concentration

Abstract The present paper describes the speciation of Am(III)/Eu(III) sorbed on γ-alumina, and its evolution with changing metal ion concentration, studied using batch sorption experiment, time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and surface Complexation modeling (SCM). Though numerous studies exist in the literature on the speciation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides on alumina surface, the mechanism of sorption at high metal ion concentrations is not yet fully understood. Batch sorption experiments of Am(III) on γ-alumina under varying condition of pH (3–10), ionic strength (0.005–0.1 M NaClO4) and metal ion concentration (10−7–10−4 M) were performed. Higher metal ion concentration was achieved by the addition of Eu(III) considering it as an analogue of Am(III). Time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) study of Eu(III) sorbed on γ-alumina at the metal ion concentration of 5.0 × 10−5 M was carried out over pH 4 to 7. TRFS showed the presence of two surface species, with distinctly different fluorescence decay life times. The shorter lifetime value and its changing pattern with pH indicate the surface species corresponding to this component to be monodentate species >AlOAm2+ and its hydrolyzed forms. The sorbed Eu3+ species corresponding to the longer lifetime value has 2–3 water molecules in its first coordination sphere and is multidentate in its binding on alumina surface. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurement of Eu:γ-Al2O3 sorption systems at pH 6.18 and 7.15 corroborate the existence of two surface complexes. Further it suggests the edge sharing bidentate binding of Eu on AlO6 octahedra as the co-ordination mode of the higher lifetime component. Surface Complexation Modeling (SCM) of Am(III)/Eu(III) sorption onto γ-alumina at pH ≤ 7 has been carried out using these two surface species. 2-pK surface complexation modeling coupled with constant capacitance model for surface charge, revealed monodentate surface speciation as the predominant species at 10−7–10−6 M, while at 10−5 M, above pH 5.5, bidentate surface species starts to compete with monodentate speciation, and becomes the predominant surface species of Am(III)/Eu(III) on alumina surface at 10−4 M.
3D ultralong nanowire arrays with a tailored hydrogen titanate phase as binder-free anodes for Li-ion capacitors

Well-ordered, self-supported ultralong nanowire arrays (NWAs) with a 3D structure and tailored hydrogen titanate (HTO) phase have been synthesized via a facile template-free hydrothermal method and subsequent calcination and utilized as anodes in Li-ion capacitors (LICs) directly without any ancillary materials. The 3D structure constructed from ultralong nanowires and a rooftop network is beneficial to structural stability, electrolyte penetration, rich electro-active sites and short Li-ion transport paths. Moreover, the tailored HTO phase can introduce stronger and more effective Li-ion diffusion channels for the fast Li-ion insertion/extraction reaction. These merits from morphological and crystal structural design yield superior electrochemical performance in terms of high capacity, excellent rate capability and ultralong lifespan. The LIC assembled with a HTO NWA anode and activated carbon (AC) cathode achieves an attractive energy storage of 93.8 W h kg−1 and a capacitance retention of 78.8% after 3000 cycles at a high current density of 5.0 A g−1 within 0.0–3.0 V. Even at a rapid charging rate within 8.0 s, an excellent energy density of 33.3 W h kg−1 and a high power density of 15 kW kg−1 can be retained. Therefore, the HTO NWAs//AC LIC is a promising candidate as an energy storage system for high-energy and high-power applications.
Analysis on Climate Literacy Capacity of Level XI High School Students in Surabaya

The climate problem today caused damage to infrastructures and many other living elements among mankind. As the prospected future leaders, students need to understand and to respond the effects of climate change. A person with climate literacy may enhance their ability and capacity to face climate challenges in the future. Climate literacy is the understanding of the influence of self and society on the climate. This research is conducted to give a general picture of climate literacy among high school students in Surabaya and each indicator in climate competency aspects. The methodology used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The research instrument used in this research is a climate literacy test. The valuation of climate literacy capacity of the students being done by giving scores manually from the test answers according to the scoring guideline in the scoring rubric and achievement results with categories as very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. The research samples are 107 high school students at level XI in SMAN 22 Surabaya (Public High School 22 Surabaya). According to the research, the students’ indicator in scientific identifying is low with a score percentage of 48.9%. The students’ indicator in explaining the scientific phenomenon is moderate with a score of 74.5%, while students’ indicator score in using scientific evidence is moderate with 68.6%. It could be said that high school students in SMAN 22 Surabaya as a whole have a moderate climate literacy capacity with a percentage score of 64%.
Digitization, Epistemic Proximity, and the Education System: Insights from a Bibliometric Analysis

Advances in IoT, AI, Cyber-Physical Systems, Computational Intelligence, and Big Data Analytics require organizations and workforce to be able and willing to learn how to interact with digital technology. In organizations, coordination and cooperation between actors with expertise in business and technology is fundamental, but integration is hard without understanding the terminology and problems of the interlocutor. Epistemic proximity becomes prominent, underlining the importance of an education focused on flexibility, willingness to cope with the unknown, and interdisciplinarity. The main goal of this work is to provide a perspective on how the education system is evolving to support organizations in the digitization era through a quantitative analysis of literature. More than 170,000 papers were selected from the Scopus database, matching a wide set of keywords related with innovation, problem solving, and organizational change. Patterns in the co-occurrence of keywords were studied. In addition, similarities and differences in the distribution of relevant themes across disciplinary areas, as well as their evolution since 2000, were analyzed. Academic interest is found to be generally increasing over the years in all disciplines, although considerable fluctuations can be observed. This variation is found to be nonuniform in the macroareas.
Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions the most for university students in Vietnam: educational support, personality traits or TPB components?

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the influence of personality traits, individual factors and theory of planned behaviour (TPB) components (personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control) on entrepreneurial intentions of university students. The study further aims to determine which factors have a higher influence on the entrepreneurial intentions of the students.Design/methodology/approachThe data was collected using an online survey from 164 students studying in universities in Vietnam. The study used confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression to analyse the data.FindingsResults suggested that educational support has no impact on entrepreneurial intentions but individual factors such as self-efficacy, risk propensity and need for power and all the TPB components influenced entrepreneurial intentions. The TPB components had a higher influence on entrepreneurial intentions of students as compared to individual factors.Originality/valueOnly a few studies have been conducted to determine the strength of factors affecting entrepreneurial intensions of the students. This study demonstrates that TPB components have the highest influence on entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the study introduces an independent variable, need for power which is rarely used in any such studies and this adds a new component to the already existing research framework and in academic literature.
Influence of profitability on responsibility accounting disclosure – Empirical study of Vietnamese listed commercial banks

Corporate social responsibility is the development trend in globalization. Businesses need to be accountable to shareholders. An organization should handle the relationship between community, economic, and social factors. The disclosure of responsibility accounting information by businesses has important implications for information users as well as stakeholders. The paper is intended to verify the influence of profitability on the disclosure of responsibility accounting of all listed commercial banks in Vietnam. The paper employs time series data for 2015–2019 and uses the ordinary least square method to test the model. Five independent variables related to profitability are examined. The results of the study show that ROA and ROE have a positive influence on responsibility accounting disclosure. Thereby, the state agencies of Vietnam need to promulgate regulations of responsibility accounting disclosure according to international standards and strictly control the disclosure of Vietnamese commercial banks to improve the quality of the information in the context of international integration.