Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal Renal Volume and Fetal Renal Artery Doppler in Normal and Intrauterine Growth Restricted Fetuses

Background: Human fetal kidney undergoes constant changes throughout the pregnancy to attain final maturity in terms of structural and functional aspect. Approximately one million nephrons are seen on either side at birth in term fetuses. Many factors both maternal and fetal affect nephrogenesis viz. maternal malnutrition, maternal hyperglycemia, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), vitamin A deficiency, and fetal exposure to some drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the fetal renal artery Doppler parameter and fetal kidney volume measured by 3D ultrasound system with (VOCAL) method in normally grown and growth restricted fetuses after 26 weeks of gestation. Methods: This prospective study include 60 pregnant women divided in to two groups, first one (A) contains 30 pregnant women with intrauterine growth restricted fetuses, and the second one (B) contains 30 pregnant women with normally grown fetuses. Results: There was insignificant differences between two groups as regard gestational age by date but gestational age by US there was significant decrease in group A. There were insignificant differences between two groups as regard length of kidney either right or left. There was significant decrease in kidney width right and left side in group A versus group B. There was significant decrease in kidney depth right and left side in group A versus group B. There was significant decrease in kidney volume right and left side in group A versus group B. There was significant decrease in combined kidney volume in group A versus group B. There was significant increase in renal artery PI, RI in group A versus group B. Conclusions: Fetal hypoxemia which occurs in growth restricted fetuses leads to reduction in the percentage of the cardiac output reaching the kidneys which was reflected on Doppler as increase in the renal artery pulsatility index causing reduced renal perfusion. This reduction in the renal perfusion was responsible for impaired nephrogenesis and thus decreased kidney volume in growth restricted fetuses as compared to normal fetuses.
Household accounting during the COVID-19 pandemic in phenomenology perspective

The purpose of this research is to find out the role of household accounting in financial management and how the awareness, knowledge and readiness of a family in facing the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. This study uses a phenomenological approach to describe phenomena in the form of the same life experiences experienced by a number of people regarding the application of household accounting during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The themes found show that the application of household accounting has maximum benefits if it is applied in managing family finances before the COVID-19 pandemic occurs. If the application of household accounting is done well, it will avoid the difficulties of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Practically, the application of household accounting is something that must be considered and applied before and during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. This research provides an overview of howthe role of household accounting if it was implemented before the COVID-19 pandemic occurred and what benefits would a family receive if implementing household accounting before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Using Inverse Modeling by HYDRUS-1D to Predict Some Soil Hydraulic Parameters from Soil Water Evaporation

The objective of this research was to assess the use of unsaturated water flow in terms of soil water evaporation, which was determined by evaluating some soil hydraulic parameters in different soil textures. The results show that the predicted values of these parameters, which were obtained through inverse modeling with the HYDRUS-1D software and depend on the change of the volumetric water content, exhibited a significant agreement with the measured values from laboratory or field simulation data for soil water evaporation at 5. 10. 20. and 45 days of measurement. At the same time, inverse simulation was conducted on soil hydraulic parameters obtained from a 5-day laboratory soil evaporation period to predict field infiltration values and water retention curve, which showed a significant agreement with measured values for all soil textures.
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF FOSFOMYCIN IN BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTION : A STUDY FROM TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common with an annual global incidence of at least 250 million cases; and Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen. Many antibiotics once used to treat UTI are now ineffective due to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Fosfomycin, discovered in late 1960s, has rekindled clinical interests because of reported susceptibilities of current pathogens to the agent. This study was done with the objective to determine in vitro fosfomycin susceptibility of common uropathogens and determining the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these organisms. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology for a duration of 2 years from October 2019 to September 2021. Urine samples were received and culture was done on MacConkey agar and AST was performed on signicant bacteriuria ≥105 CFU /ml with fosfomycin as per CLSI guidelines. Total of 9442 urine samples were collected duri RESULT: ng the duration of 2 years. Out of these 1657(17.5%) showed signicant growth. Male to female ratio was 1:1.9 in our study. Majority of the bacteria isolated were uropathogenic E.coli 960(57.9%) followed by Klebsiella spp 185(11.1%). Susceptibility to fosfomycin was seen majorly in all enterobacterales with 96.7% sensitivity to E.coli and 100% sensitivity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. In CONCLUSION: conclusion, our study indicates that fosfomycin is active in vitro against a considerable percentage of urinary isolates, which simultaneously exhibit high rates of antimicrobial drug resistance to the conventionally used antimicrobial agents.
Punching shear behaviour of geopolymer concrete two-way slabs reinforced by FRP bars under monotonic and cyclic loadings

This study examines the punching shear and deflection performance of 16 Geopolymer concrete (GC) two-way slabs subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading by considering the reinforcement material, percentage of reinforcement, type of concrete and the concrete grade. The tested specimens indicated that the crack patterns at the failure and failure modes were almost similar regardless of the type of reinforcement or their ratio. Moreover, the slabs reinforced by fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars exhibited a lower punching capacity than those strengthened by steel bars, even for similar reinforcement ratios. In addition, the results showed that upon increasing the concrete strength and reinforcement ratio, a higher punching shear capacity and lower deflections were obtained under cyclic and monotonic loading. In addition, the punching shear performance of GC slabs was found to be better than that of ordinary concrete (OC), even though both were reinforced by the basalt FRP (BFRP) bar. However, the ultimate load capacity of the slabs was reduced as a result of cyclic loading according to the capacity of the same specimen, resulting from static loading. However, the reduction is very low for slabs reinforced with FRP slabs. Further, the slabs reinforced by FRP had a better fatigue performance compared with slabs reinforced by steel bars with respect to cyclic loading. The results of the tests were also used to evaluate the accuracy of the available punching shear capacity equations.
The assessment of lactate in experimental acute myocardial infarction

of the study was to assess the changes of serum and tissue lactate content in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction to evaluate the lactate potential as an early diagnosis marker of cardiac ischemia. Materials and methods. Forty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups: sham (L1=11), control 0.9% NaCl (L2=11), and with experimental myocardial infarction (L3=6, L4=6; L5=6), induced by the subcuta-neous injection of Isoproterenol Hydrochloride solution 100 mg/kg, and sacrificed over 6 hours, 24 hours and 7 days post infarction. The results were presented by median and interquartile range. The groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests, and the Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated (SPSS 23.0). A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Both glucose and lactate serum levels presented a slight decrease in L3, followed by a significant increase in L4, with a repeated fall in L5 group. In homogenate glucose content initially expressed an elevation in L3, with relevant decrease in L4, and incon-sistent increase in L5, while lactate values significantly decreased in L3, returned to baseline levels in L4 and slightly declined in L5 compared to sham and control groups. Conclusion. The collected data suggest the utility of lactate assessment in early diagnosis and risk stratification in acute myocardial infarction.
On an old theorem of Erdős about ambiguous locus

Erdős proved in 1946 that if a set E ⊂ R n is closed and non-empty, then the set, called ambiguous locus or medial axis, of points in R n with the property that the nearest point in E is not unique, can be covered by countably many surfaces, each of ﬁnite ( n − 1) -dimensional measure. We improve the result by obtaining a new regularity result for these surfaces in terms of convexity and C 2 regularity.
TRENDS IN PRESCRIPTION PATTERN IN MEDICAL INDIAN ICU AND IT’S IMPACT ON PATIENT OUTCOME

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the trends in prescribing pattern in medical ICU concerning patient age, gender, past, and current illness along with comorbidities for the evasion of polypharmacy and to improve patient outcomes. Methods: A prospective analysis of the case records of patients admitted to the ICU of Yashoda hospital in India was carried out. Results: 120 patients were evaluated, consisting of 77% male patients. The mean±SD of age is 53.81±14.63. The majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group of 50-67 y (32%) Most common causes for admission to the ICU were Respiratory diseases and Stroke. Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension are the most common co-morbidities identified. The total number of drugs used were 1502 during this study period. The average number of drugs per prescription is 12. The range is between 2-30. The average number of antibiotics per prescription is 3. Commonly prescribed drug classes were the GI agents in 100% of patients, followed by antimicrobial agents (AMAs) in 95.8% of patients. About 42.5% of patients received 3 antibiotics per day. 55 potential drug-drug interactions were interpreted in 46 patients. 30(55%) were moderate interactions 25(45%) were major interactions, which were addressed. De-escalation of antibiotics was seen in 29% of patients while escalation in 13%. The death rate is only 5% in our ICU setting. Conclusion: This prescription pattern study can provide a framework for continuous prescription audit in the ICU
Prediction of genetic gains for breeding objective traits and designing selection schemes for Washera and Gumuz indigenous sheep

In Ethiopia,there are 32.85 millions of sheep,more than 99 % of which are indigenous.However,the productivity of local sheep under traditional production system is low with high mortality of sheep.There are two ways of improving performance of sheep and goats,namely improving the enviroment of animals and/or improving there genetic potential.The aim of this study was to predict genetic gains of breedingobjective traits and select the best sheep selection scheme for Gumuz andWashera sheep. Body size(six month weight and yearling weight) and litter size were breeding objective traits identified by own flock animal ranking experiment and personal interview. Deterministic approach of ZPLAN computor program is used for modeling input parametres of Gumuz and Washera sheep and simulating breeding plans using gene flow method and selection index procedures. One-tier cooperative sheep breeding scheme were proposed whereby ram exchange between and within villages is the main means of genetic dissimination. Genetic gains predicted for six month weight of Gumuz and Washera sheep were 0.43 and 0.55 kg,respectively. Genetic gains predicted for yearling weight of Gumuz and Washera sheep were 0.55 and 0.60 kg,respectively. Genetic gains predicted for litter size of Gumuz and Washera sheep were 0.08 and 0.09 lambs,respectively. The lower rate of inbreeding, the higher monetary genetic gain for aggregate genotype,higher return to investmnet and higher profit/ewe/year were quality measures of breeding program considered to prefer scheme 4 for both Gumuz and Washera sheep.Hence,for both Gumuz and Washera sheep populations a sheep selection scheme designed with 15 % selection proportion and one year ram use for breeding was recommended. Special emphasis need to be given to yearling weight with higher predicted genetic response and higher percentage return to investment.
Entrepreneurship Motivation among Accounting Students: The Role of Financial Literacy and Financial Behaviour

This study explores the effects of financial literacy and financial behaviour on entrepreneurial motivation among accounting students in Malaysia’s public universities. University students’ financial literacy level and financial behaviour level are also explored. This study employed a quantitative survey method and used twenty financial items and ten entrepreneurship motivation items to answer the research questions. A total of 530 accounting undergraduates from three public universities in Malaysia were given a financial and entrepreneurial test. To get results, data were analysed using mean and frequency analysis, a reliability test, Pearson’s product-moment analysis and regressions. Our findings demonstrated that the accounting students’ financial literacy and financial behaviour was at a moderate level. However, accounting students possessed a high level of entrepreneurship motivation. Supporting past research, this study found that financial literacy and financial behaviour affect accounting students’ entrepreneurial motivation. This research has valuable implications for educators, higher education and policymakers by designing a more integrated education curriculum and effective policy mechanism that strengthens students’ entrepreneurial motivation.
Towards a quantitative description of excitonic couplings in photosynthetic pigment–protein complexes: quantum chemistry driven multiscale approaches

A structure-based quantitative calculation of excitonic couplings between photosynthetic pigments has to describe the dynamical polarization of the protein/solvent environment of the pigments, giving rise to reaction field and screening effects. Here, this challenging problem is approached by combining the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method with the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The method is applied to compute excitonic couplings between chlorophyll a (Chl a) pigments of the water-soluble chlorophyll-binding protein (WSCP). By calibrating the vacuum dipole strength of the 0–0 transition of the Chl a chromophores according to experimental data, an excellent agreement between calculated and experimental linear absorption and circular dichroism spectra of WSCP is obtained. The effect of the mutual polarization of the pigment ground states is calculated to be very small. The simple Poisson-Transition-charge-from-Electrostatic-potential (Poisson-TrEsp) method is found to accurately describe the screening part of the excitonic coupling, obtained with FMO/PCM. Taking into account that the reaction field effects of the latter method can be described by a scalar constant leads to an improvement of Poisson-TrEsp that is expected to provide the basis for simple and realistic calculations of optical spectra and energy transfer in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. In addition, we present an expression for the estimation of Huang–Rhys factors of high-frequency pigment vibrations from experimental fluorescence line-narrowing spectra that takes into account the redistribution of oscillator strength by the interpigment excitonic coupling. Application to WSCP results in corrected Huang–Rhys factors that are less than one third of the original values obtained by the standard electronic two-state analysis that neglects the above redistribution. These factors are important for the estimation of the dipole strength of the 0–0 transition of the chromophores and for the development of calculation schemes for the spectral density of the exciton-vibrational coupling.
A Novel AC/DC Single-Phase Bridgeless SEPIC PFC Converter with Reduced Conduction Losses and Simple Structure

Bridgeless rectifier as front-end power factor correction (PFC) converter has been obtained abundant popularity due to its praiseworthy merits of optimized power losses produced by power semiconductors. In this technical paper, novel bridgeless SEPIC rectifier with improved losses and concise circuit structure is proposed by using bidirectional power switch. Compared to conventional SEPIC rectifier, proposed SEPIC rectifier features an optimized efficiency via lessening the count of semiconductors in power-flowing path. Compared to state-of-art bridgeless SEPIC rectifiers, proposed bridgeless SEPIC rectifier possesses concise topology structure and less component. The discontinuous current mode (DCM) is presented, which has the merits of naturally PFC and the zero-current switching are analyzed. Finally, a 100W simulated model are constructed aiming to certify superiority of this new rectifier.
The Mediating Role of Attitude towards Distance Education in the Effect of Digital Literacy Level on Satisfaction with Distance Education

This study aims to examine whether the attitudes towards distance education have a mediating role in the effect of academicians’ digital literacy levels on their satisfaction with distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected from 341 academicians who teach distance education courses at Inonu University. The academicians’ satisfaction with distance education which is the dependent variable of the study, consisted of two factors. These factors are satisfaction with the teaching of the course and satisfaction with the infrastructure. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the attitude towards distance education has a complete mediation role in the effect of digital literacy level on satisfaction with the teaching of the course in distance education, and that the attitude towards distance education has a partial mediation role in the effect of digital literacy level on satisfaction with the infrastructure.
Bacterial Communities and Prediction of Microbial Metabolic Pathway in Rice Wine Koji From Different Regions in China

Rice wine koji, a traditional homemade starter culture in China, is nutritious and delicious. The final quality of rice wine koji is closely related to the structure of its microbial community. However, the diversity of natural microorganisms in rice wine koji from different regions has not been evaluated. In this study, the microbial population of 92 naturally fermented rice koji samples collected from Hubei, Guangxi, and Sichuan was systematically analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. From all the rice wine koji samples, 22 phyla and 479 bacterial genera were identified. Weissella, Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterobacter, Lactococcus, Pantoea, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Leuconostoc were the dominant genera in rice wine koji. The bacterial community structure of rice wine koji samples from different regions was significantly different (p < 0.05). The bacterial community composition of the samples from Hubei and Guangxi was similar, but significantly different from that of SC samples (p < 0.05). These differences may be caused by variations in geography, environment, or manufacturing. In addition, the results of microbial phenotype prediction by BugBase and bacterial functional potential prediction by PICRUSt showed that eight of the nine predicted phenotypic functions of rice wine koji samples from different regions were significantly different (p < 0.05) and that vigorous bacterial metabolism occurred in rice wine koji samples.
Deep Learning for the Automatic Diagnosis and Analysis of Bone Metastasis on Bone Scintigrams

Objective To develop an approach for automatically analyzing bone metastases (BMs) on bone scintigrams based on deep learning technology. Methods This research included a bone scan classification model, a regional segmentation model, an assessment model for tumor burden and a diagnostic report generation model. Two hundred eighty patients with BMs and 341 patients with non-BMs were involved. Eighty percent of cases were randomly extracted from two groups as training set. Remaining cases were as testing set. A deep residual convolutional neural network with different structures was used to determine whether metastatic bone lesions existed, regions of lesions were automatically segmented. Bone scan tumor burden index (BSTBI) was calculated; finally, diagnostic report could be automatically generated. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of classification model were compared with three physicians with different clinical experience. The Dice coefficient evaluated the effect of segmentation model and compared to the result of nnU-Net model. The correlation between BSTBI and blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level was analyzed to verify the efficiency of BSTBI. The performance of report generation model was evaluated by the accuracy of interpretation of report. Results In testing set, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of classification model were 92.59%, 85.51% and 88.62%, respectively. The accuracy showed no statistical difference with moderately and experienced physicians and obviously outperformed the inexperienced. The Dice coefficient of BMs area was 0.7387 in segmentation stage. Based on the whole model frame, our segmentation model outperformed the nnU-Net. BSTBI value changed as the BMs changed. There was a positive correlation between BSTBI and ALP level. The accuracy of report generation model was 78.05%. Conclusion Deep learning based on automatic analysis frameworks for BMs can accurately identify BMs, preliminarily realize a fully automatic analysis process from raw data to report generation. BSTBI can be used as a quantitative evaluation indicator to assess the effect of therapy on BMs in different patients or in the same patient before and after treatment.