Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Teacher Questions Function as Assessment for Learning?

This study wants to challenge the robust idea of previous findings revealing that employing a particular question type would necessarily functions as Assessment for Learning (AfL). Besides, this study extends previous research focusing on typology and examines the syntactical forms of questioning in its practice. To gather data, six Indonesian English teachers were observed and audio- recorded, thus, transcribed and analysed following the principle of Conversation Analysis (CA). Except referential type functioning as a teaching technique and a discourse marker choice to discursively extend the classroom talk, the result of analysis corroborates previous studies in that they provide diagnostic information from which a better further action was taken place as highlighted in the AfL. Yet, this might occur as questioning types are syntactically constructed following classroom discourse moves. Thus, the examination of questionings functioning as Assessment for Learning (AfL), aside from types, the syntactical form and classroom discourse moves are important to cope with.
Models for degradation of self-healing capacitors operating under voltage distortion and temperature

Nowadays the increase of polluting loads in electrical networks affects supply voltage sinusoidality more significantly than in the past. Voltage distortion can decrease reliability of electrical devices, that is, increase their failure rate. This paper deals with the effect on aging acceleration due to harmonics for a simple insulation system, i.e. low-voltage self-healing capacitors. The most stressing features of the nonsinusoidal voltage and current waveforms (peak value, rms value, slope, etc.), as well as temperature, are investigated in order to single out the extent of their effect on life reduction. For this purpose, life tests under temperature and voltage distortion were carried out considering different kinds of harmonics, summed to fundamental one, able to vary peak and slope of the voltage waveform. The tests were performed both at room and at high temperatures. The results, statistically processed through Design of Experiment (DOE) techniques, show that the effect of temperature on ageing is significant, but the most important effect is that relevant to peak voltage. A life model involving all the main stressing factors (peak voltage, rms value and slope, as well as temperature) is therefore proposed.
High-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter with coupled inductor

This study presents a novel soft-switching bidirectional dc-dc converter with a coupled inductor. Transformer-based circuit topologies are commonly employed in conventional bidirectional converters and soft-switching techniques, including zero-voltage switching (ZVS) or zero-current switching (ZCS), are frequently applied to mitigate switching losses. Unfortunately, the use of more than four switches and several diodes in these transformer-based schemes increase production costs and reduce conversion efficiency. This work presents a coupled-inductor bidirectional converter scheme that utilises four power switches to achieve the goal of bidirectional current control. The high step-up and step-down ratios enable a battery module current with a low-voltage level to be injected into a high-voltage dc bus for subsequent utilisation. Experimental results based on a 24 V/200 V 800 W prototype are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed bidirectional converter. Since the voltage clamping, synchronous rectification and soft-switching techniques are utilised in the proposed circuit topology and the corresponding device specifications are adequately fulfilled, the proposed converter can provide highly efficient bidirectional power conversion in a wide range on the low-voltage side.
An Analysis of the Effect of Roadway Design on Driver’s Workload

Driving behavior is a direct consequence of the stimuli received from the road infrastructure, from the surrounding environment, and from the atmosphere inside the vehicle. Almost all of these perceptions, which affect steering, are received through the drivers' eyes. For this reason, in this paper visual behavior was examined in order to deduce new indexes connected to mental workload. To this aim, a consistent sample of drivers covered a rural road inside a vehicle, while their eye movements and driving activities were being recorded with suitable instruments. The quantification of some variables involved in the trials permitted the evaluation of visual behavior and determination of a measure of mental workload, identifying also any situations where performance was compromised. Some reports between mental workload and road geometry, summarized in a few tables, could represent a further aid for road designers and managers.
Interference and level of economic damage of turnip in canola

The weeds if not properly controlled have great ability to settle in agricultural systems, affecting crop production. The objective of this work was to determine the interference and level of economic damage in different density of crop. The treatments were composed of canola hybrids (Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 433, Hyola 571 CL, Hyola 575 CL and Diamond) and twelve infestation turnip density in crop. The variables evaluated to estimate the competitiveness of the hybrids were plant density, leaf area, soil cover and dry mass of the turnip. Grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency, and control cost were used to determine the weed's level of economic damage on the crop. The canola hybrids Hyola 575 CL, Hyola 50, Hyola 76 and Hyola 571 CL are more competitive with turnip. The values of economic damage levels range from 2.86 to 5.95, 2.43 to 5.05, 2.22 to 5.43 and 2.99 to 6.22 turnip plants m-2 for hybrids Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 571 CL and Hyola 575 CL, respectively, as a function of simulated variables. The increased grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency and lower control costs reduce the level of economic damage, justifying the adoption of control.
Morphological and Biochemical Constituents Influencing Aphids and Whiteflies Tolerance in Tomato Genotypes

Effects of morphological and biochemical constituents on the population of sucking insect pests infesting tomato plant were evaluated. Among the twenty genotypes evaluated under field condition at different seasons (summer, kharif, rabi), it revealed that the genotypes namely BRDT-1, EC 620421, Solanum peruvianum, EC 538455 and S. cheesmaniae had minimum number of aphid and whitefly population throughout all the three seasons due to their morphological traits like more trichome density and thick stem diameter as well as the presence of biochemical attributes like phenol and tannins which were present in those genotypes at higher concentration. The higher content of leaf chlorophyll had resistance effect against the population of aphid and whitefly, while total sugar content did not have any significant effect on resistance. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 483-489, 2021 (September)
Lessons Learned from Motorcyclist Surveys

Motorcycles are a means of transportation and one of the fastest-growing hobbies in the United States. Corresponding with a sharp increase in motorcycle registrations in Florida, motorcyclist fatalities and injuries have increased. It is well known that motorcycles are more than a mode of transportation to U.S. motorcyclists. Ownership of a certain motorcycle type is associated with social and behavioral characteristics that could affect how and why people ride motorcycles. Two surveys were conducted: one of motorcycle riders who had just completed the required motorcycle training to obtain their motorcycle endorsement and another of randomly selected Florida motorcyclists. The findings and lessons learned from these two surveys are summarized to gain insight into motorcyclist preferences and behaviors. Analysis with variance tests was performed to investigate the association between different variables, and a two-step cluster analysis was conducted to understand the use of safety helmets and respondents' attitudes toward the reinstatement of a universal helmet law in Florida. Results indicated that motorcyclists started riding for various reasons, but more young people tended to use a motorcycle as an inexpensive mode of transportation. In addition, 28.2% of respondents had never had formal motorcycle training. Most motorcyclists unanimously supported the mandatory training law, regardless of motorcycle type or rider age, gender, and riding experience. However, the riders had mixed opinions about reinstating a universal helmet law in Florida.
DIRECT AND MATERNAL GENETICS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT FOR EGG QUALITY AND HATCHABILITY OF GIMMIZAH CHICKENS SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT

: The present experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens selected for body weight at 12-wk of age through three generations aiming for detection the genetic components of direct, maternal and environmental effects of egg quality traits and hatchability. Second generation of GM chickens selected for body weight represent increase (p>0.05) of some egg quality traits such as hatching egg weight, egg shape index, egg surface area, egg shell density, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and egg shell weight compared with those for base population (G 0 ) and first generation (G 1 ). Generally, Additive genetic maternal was surpassed those for the additive genetic direct and permanent environmental hen effects for the most studied traits. Realized heritability estimates among the three selected generations proved that the records of direct estimate (h 2a ) had highest value of heritability compared with those for maternal (h 2m ) and permanent environmental hen effect (h 2pe ) with respect to hens body weigh at 45-wk of age, hatching egg weight, egg surface area, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight ratio, eggshell weight, eggshell weight percent, albumen weight percent, and yolk/albumen ratio. Also, highly significant positive genetic correlations are detected between most of the studied egg quality traits and hatchability. Also, there are highly maternal positive maternal genetic correlations between hatching egg weight and each of egg shape index, eggshell thickness, albumen weight, albumen yolk embryonic hatchability of fertile eggs. The obtained results of low estimates of heritability for fertility and hatchability and the highly estimates for egg quality traits besides the highly direct and maternal genetic correlations suggesting the applicability of some egg quality traits in programming the selection index combining with body weight selection as indirect way for improving fertility and hatchability with body weight.
Advances in monolithic microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits

It is noted that the microwave marketplace demands lower noise, higher power, higher efficiencies, increased linearity and/or lower cost. MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) technology has responded to these demands by providing advances which included noise figures less than 1 dB at 10 GHz, 6 W of power output at X-band, and high levels of integration. The commercial high volume market will continue to push for higher levels of integration on a single MMIC chip as low cost is required to compete with the hybrid MIC counterpart. Examples of advances in MMIC components applicable to microwave systems such as active aperture radars, electronic warfare, and communication systems are presented. <<ETX>>
Relationship between the Microbiome and Indoor Temperature/Humidity in a Traditional Japanese House with a Thatched Roof in Kyoto, Japan

In our living environment, there are various microorganisms that are thought to affect human health. It is expected that excessive microbial suppression can have a negative effect on human health and that the appropriate control of the microbiome is beneficial to health. To understand how the physical environment, such as temperature and relative humidity, or housing itself affects the microbiome in a rural house, we measured temperature and humidity and collected microbial samples in a traditional Japanese house with a thatched roof. The relative humidity of outdoor air was over 60% most of the day throughout the year. Indoor and outdoor air temperature and humidity were closer to each other in summer than in winter. The DNA concentration of indoor surfaces correlated with the relative humidity, especially with the lowest annual relative humidity. In the thatched roof, outside surface relative humidity often reached 100%, and the occurrence of condensation can affect the DNA concentrations. A high percentage of archaea were detected in the house, which is not a common characteristic in houses. In addition, the microbial community was similar outdoors and indoors or in each room. These characteristics reflect the occupants’ behaviour, including opening the windows and partitions in summer. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct continuous surveys in various houses, including traditional and modern houses, in Japan.
A Comparative Analysis of Women and Men-Owned MSMEs with Special Emphasis on Women Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Cachar District, Assam

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of micro, small and medium enterprises on women entrepreneurship development with particular reference to Cachar district of Assam. The study also aims to compare the characteristics and performance of women-owned MSMEs with those owned by men. A survey method is used to gather information from 200 MSME owner-managers located in various revenue circles/tehsils of Cachar district. The results of the study indicate that, though very slowly, MSMEs are significantly promoting women entrepreneurship. The most important reasons for women entrepreneurs to join MSMEs appear to be (a) ‘profit motive’ or ‘to earn better income’, (b) ‘desire for independence’ and (c) ‘to support family’ or ‘the desire to provide financial security to the family’. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test demonstrate that women entrepreneurs’ background characteristics such as their marital status, age, levels of educational attainment, previous business experience and place of residence significantly affect their motivations to join MSMEs. While the employment growth in female-owned MSMEs is much higher than their male counterparts, net-return per owner-manager is found to be significantly higher in men-owned MSMEs than in women-owned MSMEs.
The effect of crosstalk and phase noise in multichannel coherent optical ASK systems

The authors extend the analysis of G.J. Foschini et al. (1988) to a two-channel system and to a wider class of IF filters. The authors carry out a comprehensive study of the sensitivity of an optical receiver in a two-channel ASK system, taking into account phase noise and crosstalk, including crosstalk arising from phase noise in the second channel. They compare the results with previous work in the limit of no phase noise and show how the agreement is good. They compute the penalty due to crosstalk for different linewidths and filter shapes. It is shown that the minimum channel spacing is a few bit rates more than the IF filter bandwidth, and is therefore increased significantly by significant phase noise. The detailed IF filter shape appears to have only a weak effect. >
Genetic algorithm with artificial neural networks as its fitness function to design rectangular microstrip antenna on thick substrate

Over the years, genetic algorithms (GAs) have been applied in many applications. But the lack of a proper fitness function has been a hindrance to its widespread application in many cases. In this paper, a novel technique of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) as the fitness function of a genetic algorithm in order to calculate the design parameters of a thick substrate rectangular microstrip antenna is presented. A multilayer feed‐forward neural network is used as the fitness function in a binary‐coded genetic algorithm. The results obtained using this method are found to be closer to the experimental value, as compared to previous results obtained using the curve‐fitting method. To validate this, the results are compared with the experimental values for five fabricated antennas. The results are in very good agreement with the experimental findings. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 144–146, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20570
The Effect of Hotel Star Rating on Service Tipping Strategy and Performance of Hotels in Kenya.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of star rating on the relationship between service tipping and the performance of hotels in Kenya based on a Balanced Score Card Perspective. The study was based on the following theories; Resource-Based Theory and Balanced Scorecard Framework. First, the study adopted a descriptive quantitative survey design. The study, therefore, targeted the 183 star-rated hotels in the four circuits. Second, the study's unit of analysis included the hotel managers (general managers, supervisors and head of departments) and service staff. Third, the researcher adopted Yamane (1967) formula that can be used to calculate a suitable sample size of 117 hotel managers of the Star Rated Hotels operating in Kenya. Fourth, the study used a structured questionnaire to collect the required data from the respondents. The study established that when star rating was introduced as a moderating variable, the relationship between service tipping and hotels performance remained statistically significant, although the value of the regression coefficient reduced slightly (r=1.089-1.088 = 0.001). This slight change in the coefficient is the statistical proof that when star rating was introduced, it slightly reduced the regression coefficient, although the relationship between service tipping and hotels performance remained statistically significant. Finally, the study recommended that the Tourism Regulatory Authority, the policy body of Hotels in Kenya, develop a Service Tipping Policy to guide service operations in the star-rated hotels in Kenya. It also recommends that the department of Kenya Tourism regulatory (TRA) should promote service tipping among the star-rated hotels in Kenya.
Experiences With Imposter Syndrome and Authenticity at Research-Intensive Schools of Social Work

TThere is little known about the experiences of Black women in schools of social work, specifically those situated within research-intensive (R-1) Carnegie-designated institutions. Experiences of imposter syndrome and authenticity often result in negative experiences and poor professional outcomes for Black women in academia. This study explores Black women social work faculty members’ sense of self through the prisms of imposter syndrome and authenticity. Social work is of particular interest in that it espouses a code of ethics and core values of service that if applied to the cultures within these schools, Black women may have more equitable experiences. This article presents qualitative findings from nine in-depth interviews with Black women faculty members at R-1 universities. Findings revealed that Black women faculty member’s experiences of imposter syndrome impacted many facets of their professional experiences from moments of paralysis to potentially unhealthy over-productivity. Findings also highlight Black women faculty members’ concerns around their colleagues’ professional and personal perceptions of them and this often prevented these women from presenting their authentic selves in academic settings. Despite these barriers, some women chose to remain authentic regardless of possible backlash in refusing to assimilate into the dominant White culture. Black women scholars cannot survive and thrive in social work education unless institutions build trust with these women by respecting their diverse backgrounds, race-related research interests, and range of methodology.
Morphometric Evaluation of Frontal and Maxillary Sinuses and Bizygomatic Distance of Igbos In South-East and Ogonis in South-South Nigeria Using Computerized Tomography Scan

Background: Radiological identification is important in clinical, surgical and forensic medicine particularly in the absence of comparative deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) samples and fingerprints. Aim is to establish the morphometry of frontal sinus (FS), maxillary sinus (MS) and bizygomatic distance (BZD) and their relationship with age and gender in Igbos and Ogonis of Nigeria using computed tomography (CT). Methods: Head CT scans of 625 subjects (477 Igbos and 148 Ogonis) between 18 and 85 years, showing normal FS, MS and BZD, were measured using DICOM viewer software. The Igbos and Ogonis were 247 males and 230 females; 84 males and 64 females respectively. The height, width and depth of the sinuses, intermaxillary sinus distances (IMD) and BZD were measured in centimeters (cm). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and difference between groups was obtained using one way ANOVA. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean values for the right and left MS volume for the Igbos are 13.79 ±10.91 and 13.81±11.03 and for the Ogonis 20.84±5.83 and 20.19±5.59 cm respectively. All FS dimensions are higher in the Igbos (P<0.001) except right FS depth. Mean IMD are 3.64±0.50 and 3.39±0.45 cm in the Igbos and Ogonis respectively (P<0.001). Ogonis have higher BZD (P>0.05). In both groups, males had larger values in both FS depth, MS dimensions and BZD (P<0.001). Age correlated positively with left FS height and IMD. Prevalence of unilateral FS aplasia was 3.35% on the right and 1.47% on the left among the Igbos while the Ogonis have 2.03% on the right and 2.70% on the left. Bilateral FS aplasia was 2.94% among the Igbos but not observed among the Ogonis. Conclusion: Normative values is established. Ethnic differences exists with Igbos significantly having higher values of FS and IMD while in the Ogonis, the MS dimensions are higher. These findings would act as a guide for facial reconstructive surgeries, forensic experts and classification of fossil remains in anthropology.
Forkhead Box Protein M1 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Tumorigenesis Possibly via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Background Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) is an important transcription factor involved in the development and progression of various malignancies. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the effect of FoxM1 on NPC cell tumorigenesis as well as the underlying mechanism. Material/Methods NPC cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2 were treated with vehicle and FoxM1 inhibitor thiostrepton or transfected with small interfering RNA. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometric assay, and Hoechst 33258 staining were performed to assess the viability, apoptosis and nuclear morphological impairment, and cell cycle, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related caspase-3 and caspase-9 was detected by western blot analysis The tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model of NPC treated with thiostrepton or control was assessed. The expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling proteins p27, FoxM1, S phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), and Cyclin D1 were determined both in cells and xenograft tissues by western blot analysis. Results Inhibition of FoxM1 by thiostrepton significantly suppressed NPC cell viability, induced apoptosis, increased cell cycle arrest, impaired nuclear morphology, and reduced NPC cell-derived tumor xenograft growth. Mechanistically, inhibition or knockdown of FoxM1 inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, as demonstrated by altered expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related genes, including p27, SKP2, and cyclin D1, in both NPC cells and xenograft tissues. Conclusions We identified FoxM1 as a novel regulator of NPC cell tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Targeting FoxM1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy against NPC.