Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RISK FACTORS OF DENGUE MORTALITY IN PAMEKASAN DISTRICT (2018-2020)

Background: The incidence of Dengue Haemoragic Fever (DHF) in the Pamekasan District is still high. Mortality of DHF was always happening in Pamekasan District from 2016 to 2020. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the risk factors of DHF mortality in the Pamekasan District (2018-2020). Methods: The study was conducted from October 2020-June 2021 with a case-control study. Total population was 293 cases. The sample was 54 respondents (1:2) with proportional random sampling. The inclusion criteria were families living under the same roof for a minimum of 17 years. The variables were dengue mortality, age, sex, education, history of DHF, comorbidities, access to health services, delay in treatment, family income, residence, and family knowledge. Data were collected through interviews and documentation study. The analysis in this study used univariate (frequency) and bivariate (crosstabs use OR). Results: Risk factors of DHF mortality in Pamekasan District are children (OR = 2.05; 95% CI=0.59-7.04), low education (OR=1.16; 95% CI=0.30-4.46), history of dengue (OR=3.57;95%CI=1.09-11.66), comorbidities(OR=17.50; 95% CI=4.25-72.05), difficult access to health services (OR=3.10; 95% CI=0.79-12.09), delay in treatment (OR=5.20;95% CI=1.50-18.0), low income family (OR=1.16; 95% CI = 0.30-4.46) and low of family knowledge about dengue (OR = 7.00; 95% CI = 1.99-24.58). Meanwhile, protective factors are female (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.22-2.23) and rural (OR = 0.48 ; 95% CI = 0.13-1.73). Conclusion: Risk factors of DHF mortality in Pamekasan District (2018-2020) are the history of DHF, comorbidities, delay in treatment, and low family knowledge about DHF. ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of dengue fever in Pamekasan District is still high. Mortality of dengue was always happen in Pamekasan District since 2016 to 2020. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of dengue mortality in Pamekasan District (2018-2020). Methods: This research was case-control study. The study was conducted from October 2020-June 2021 in Primary Health Care selected at Pamekasan District. Total sample was 54 cases. Data was collected by interviews and documentation study. Analysis using uinvariate and bivariate (OR test). Results: Based on the results of OR test, risk factors of dengue mortality in pamekasan district (2018-2020) are: children (OR = 2.05 ; 95% CI = 0.59-7.04), education ≤ 9 yeras (OR = 1.16; 95% CI= 0.30-4.46), history of dengue (OR= 3.57 ; 95% CI = 1.09-11.66), comorbidities (OR=17.50; 95% CI=4.25-72.05), difficult access to health services (OR=3.10; 95% CI=0.79-12.09), delay in treatment (OR=5.20 ; 95% CI = 1.50-18.0), low income family (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.30-4.46) and low of family knowledge about dengue (OR = 7.00; 95% CI = 1.99-24.58) while protective factors are : female (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.22-2.23) and rural areas (OR = 0.48 ; 95% CI = 0.13-1.73). Conclusion: Risk factors of dengue mortality in Pamekasan District (2018-2020) are history of dengue, comorbidities, delay in treatment and low of family knowledge about dengue.
Hubble constant and dark energy inferred from free-form determined time delay distances

Time delays between multiple images of lensed sources can probe the geometry of the universe. We propose a novel method based on free-form modelling of gravitational lenses to estimate time-delay distances and, in turn, cosmological parameters. This approach does not suffer from the degeneracy between the steepness of the profile and the cosmological parameters. We apply the method to 18 systems having time delay measurements and find H_0=69+-6(stat.)+-4(syst.) km s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}. In combination with WMAP9, the constraints on dark energy are Omega_w=0.68+-0.05 and w=-0.86+-0.17 in a flat model with constant equation-of-state.
A non-linear assessment of ESG and firm performance relationship: evidence from China

The main objective of this paper is to assess the non-linearities between the ESG activities and firm performance in case of an emerging market. China is identified as a case study for the pre-sent examination. Even though this research objective has been explored by past researcher, the evidence presented in literature is not conclusive. The paper hypothesizes that such conflicting or inconclusive results can potentially be attributed to wrong modeling, datasets that include both developing and the developed markets, and the prevalent endogeneity issue in corporate governance literature. For the purpose of this paper, the author uses the dynamic panel approach of First difference and the System Generalized Method of Moments. The findings from the analysis of 232 Chinese listed firm show a positive association between ESG activities and the firm performance. However, the relationship is nonlinear. In other words, the relationship between ESG activities and the firm performance is inverted U-shaped. This indicates the relationship is positive up to a certain threshold and once the ESG activities cross that threshold it start to have negative effect. The key insight from this research is that the firm has to find their threshold of ESG activities to gain maximum benefits from such activities.
THE BIRTH OF AN ULTRALUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCE IN M83

A previously undetected (LX < 1036 erg s−1) source in the strongly star-forming galaxy M83 entered an ultraluminous state between 2009 August and 2010 December. It was first seen with Chandra on 2010 December 23 at LX ≈ 4 × 1039 erg s−1 and has remained ultraluminous through our most recent observations in 2011 December, with typical flux variation of a factor of two. The spectrum is well fitted by a combination of absorbed power-law and disk blackbody models. While the relative contributions of the models vary with time, we have seen no evidence for a canonical state transition. The luminosity and spectral properties are consistent with accretion powered by a black hole with MBH ≈ 40–100 M☉. In 2011 July we found a luminous, blue optical counterpart that had not been seen in deep Hubble Space Telescope observations obtained in 2009 August. These optical observations suggest that the donor star is a low-mass star undergoing Roche lobe overflow, and that the blue optical emission seen during the outburst is coming from an irradiated accretion disk. This source shows that ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with low-mass companions are an important component of the ULX population in star-forming galaxies and provides further evidence that the blue optical counterparts of some ULXs need not indicate a young, high-mass companion, but rather that they may indicate X-ray reprocessing.
Galaxy protocluster candidates at 1.6

We present a study of protoclusters associated with high redshift radio galaxies. We imaged MRC 1017-220 (z = 1.77) and MRC 0156252 (z = 2.02) using the near-infrared wide-field (7.5 � × 7.5 � )i mager VLT/HAWK-I in the Y, H ,a ndKs bands. We present the first deep Y-band galaxy number counts within a large area (∼200 arcmin 2 ). We develop a purely near-infrared colour selection technique to isolate galaxies at 1.6 < z < 3 that may be associated with the two targets, dividing them into (i) red passively evolving or dusty star forming galaxies or (ii) blue/star formation dominated galaxies with little or no dust. Both targeted fields show an excess of star forming galaxies with respect to control fields. No clear overdensity of red galaxies is detected in the surroundings of MRC 1017-220 although the spatial distribution of the red galaxies resembles a filament-like structure within which the radio galaxy is embedded. In contrast, a significant overdensity of red galaxies is detected in the field of MRC 0156-252, ranging from a factor of ∼2−3 times the field density at large scales (2.5 Mpc, angular distance) up to a factor of ∼3−4 times the field density within a 1 Mpc radius of the radio galaxy. Half of these red galaxies have colours consistent with red sequence models at z ∼ 2, with a large fraction being bright (Ks < 21.5, i.e. massive). In addition, we also find three galaxies within 5 �� of MRC 0156-252 suggesting that the radio galaxy has multiple companions within ∼50 kpc. We conclude that the field of MRC0156-252 shows many remarkable similarities with the wellstudied protocluster surrounding PKS1138-262 (z = 2.16) suggesting that MRC 0156-252 is associated with a galaxy protocluster at z ∼ 2.
The Effects of an Exposure-Based Mobile App on Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Barriers to accessing in-person care can prevent veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from receiving trauma-focused treatments such as exposure therapy. Mobile apps may help to address unmet need for services by offering tools for users to self-manage PTSD symptoms. Renew is a mobile mental health app that focuses on exposure therapy and incorporates a social support function designed to promote user engagement. Objective We examined the preliminary efficacy of Renew with and without support from a research staff member compared with waitlist among 93 veterans with clinically significant PTSD symptoms. We also examined the impact of study staff support on participant engagement with the app. Methods In a pilot randomized controlled trial, we compared Renew with and without support from a research staff member (active use condition) with waitlist (delayed use condition) over 6 weeks. Participants were recruited through online advertisements. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) was used to measure PTSD symptoms at pre, post, and 6-week follow-up. Usage data were collected to assess engagement with Renew. Results Results indicated a small effect size (d=–0.39) favoring those in the active use conditions relative to the delayed use condition, but the between-group difference was not significant (P=.29). There were no differences on indices of app engagement between the 2 active use conditions. Exploratory analyses found that the number of support persons users added to the app, but not the number of support messages received, was positively correlated with app engagement. Conclusions Findings suggest Renew may hold promise as a self-management tool to reduce PTSD symptoms in veterans. Involving friends and family in mobile mental health apps may help bolster engagement with no additional cost to public health systems. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04155736; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04155736
Evaluation the serum levels of T3, T4, TSH, Thyroglobulin and Galactin-3 in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumors

Background: Currently, cytological examination of fine needle biopsies is the method used for preoperative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, however, the results may be inaccurate in about 20% of cases. Aim: The study aimed to detect a biomarker in the serum to detect and distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid gland tumors. Methods: Seventy-two patients were divided into malignant thyroid tumor (n = 45) and benign thyroid tumor (n = 27), the median age of patients was 45 years. The blood samples were collected from Middle Euphrates Cancer Center /Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate in Iraq from September 2019 until March 2020. Every patient's study group was divided into subgroups according to age, gender and body mass index (BMI). A physician diagnosed the patients based on history, clinical presentation and fine needle aspirate. Each patient group was distributed into two groups: before and after thyroidectomy. The control group was made out of sixteen healthy male and females the median of age was 47 years. Results: A significant rise (p 0.05) in serum T4 in patients with benign thyroid tumors matched with healthy and malignant thyroid tumor groups could be seen. A significant rise (p 0.05) of T3 and T4 concentration in patients with benign thyroid tumor in male groups compared with female groups was observed. A significant increase (p 0.05) of T4 concentration in patients with malignant thyroid tumor in BMI group (18-24.9) Kg/m2 compared with other BMI groups was observed. A significant increase (p 0.05) of T3 and T4 concentration in patients with benign thyroid tumor in BMI group (18-24.9) Kg/m2 compared with other BMI groups was also observed. Also, serum TSH exhibited a significant increase (p 0.05) in patients with malignant thyroid tumors compared with healthy group and benign thyroid tumor group. On other hand the results demonstrated that that there was a significant increase (p 0.05) in serum Tg and Galactin-3 of patients with malignant thyroid tumors and benign thyroid tumor group compared with healthy group. Regarding the thyroidectomy, there was a significant increase of TSH (p 0.05) in patients with malignant thyroid tumor earlier thyroidectomy matched with that later thyroidectomy. Tg concentration exposed a significant decrease (p 0.05) after thyroidectomy compared with groups before thyroidectomy in benign and malignant thyroid tumor. Conclusions: Depending on the findings of the study, we can conclude that the early detection of abnormal biochemical parameters includes TSH, thyroglobulin, and Galactin-3 can limit complication and it can also help to monitor the progression of the disease in patients with thyroid cancers. But, the findings did not demonstrate that these biomarkers could be used to discriminate between malignant and benign thyroid tumor.
Physicochemical Properties of Honey from Contract Beekeepers, Street Vendors and Branded Honey in Sabah, Malaysia

The chemical properties of honey depend on the source of collection to packaging, but little is known about honey in Sabah. The aim of this study was to distinguish between the physicochemical properties and mineral content of 76 honey samples from local sources and supermarkets in Sabah, which were from contract beekeepers, unknown sources and branded honey. Raw honey was collected from contract beekeepers, while honey from unknown source was obtained from street vendors and wet markets, while branded honey was purchased from local supermarkets. The chemical parameters of the honey were assessed using established methods, while the mineral content of the honey was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Significant differences were found in several parameters measured in honey from different sources, with principal component analysis (PCA) showing clear separation between the measured parameters, yielding five factors that accounted for up to 72.25% of the total explained variance. Honey from contract beekeepers showed significant differences and higher mineral content (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na and Zn) compared to honey from unknown source and branded honey. Potassium was the most important element in the study with an average of 2.65 g/kg and 629.4 mg/kg for sources from contract beekeepers and branded honey, respectively. The honey from the contract beekeepers was of better quality due to its high mineral content. The results suggest that honey from contract beekeepers could be a good choice when it comes to high mineral content.
Digital (In)Security in Latin America: The Dimensions of Social Media Violence against the Press and Journalists’ Coping Strategies

Abstract As the journalism industry faces increasing risk and insecurity in the digital environment, there is still much to know about how journalists are reacting to and internalizing online harassment, and what the consequences are for their routines. Approaching the problem from a socio-technical perspective and using focus groups with Latin American journalists, this study identified the dimensions of social media violence against journalists, and the actors and coping strategies involved in responses to social media violence. This study shows that social media violence against journalists permeates all stages of news production stages. The study also identifies new and changing actors—such as the social media agent provocateur, who, working on behalf of governments and parties, stirs up mob censorship as part of orchestrated online harassment to try to dictate what news is told—, as well as actants, such as messaging apps that journalists use to create support networks. Implications for Latin American journalism are discussed.
Muscle Quality and Functional and Conventional Ratios of Trunk Strength in Young Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study

Background: The trunk strength conventional ratio (CR) has been evaluated. However, the functional ratio and the ratio of strength to body weight (BW) or muscle mass (MM) have been poorly explored. Relative strength is a measure of muscle quality. Objectives: To analyze the trunk strength ratio normalized by BW and MM and compare the trunk’s conventional and functional ratios collected in isokinetic and isometric conditions. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy males (21.48 ± 2.08 years, 70.22 ± 7.65 kg) were evaluated for trunk isometric and isokinetic strength using a functional electromechanical dynamometer. Results: The extensor’s strength was greater than the flexors, with a CR of 0.41 ± 0.10 to 0.44 ± 0.10. Muscle quality was higher in eccentric contraction and high velocity for flexors and extensors. The functional flexor ratio (FFR) ranged between 0.41 ± 0.09 and 0.92 ± 0.27. The functional extensor ratio (FER) ranged between 2.53 ± 0.65 and 4.92 ± 1.26. The FFR and FER showed significant differences between velocities when considering the peak strength (p = 0.001) and mean strength (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Trunk extensors were stronger than the flexors; thus, the CR was less than one. Muscle quality was higher at a high velocity. Unlike CR, FFR and FER behaved differently at distinct velocities. This finding highlights the need to explore the behavior of the functional ratio in different populations.
Nutritional effects of different forms of selenium additive on productive performance of dairy Zaraibi goats and their suckling kids

Fifty Zaraibi goats with average body weight of 42.45±1.25 kg and aged 3-5 years after kidding were divided into five similar groups (10 in each). All goats were fed the basal diet consisted of 50% concentrate feed mixture + 31% berseem hay + 19% wheat straw. The goats in the first group (control) were fed the basal diet without supplement (G1). The goats in the first group (control) were fed the basal diet without supplement (G1). The other groups were supplemented with 0.3 mg Se/kg DM intake as inorganic selenium (sodium selenite, SS) in G2, organic selenium (yeast selenium, YS) in G3, biological organic selenium (BOSe) in G4 or biological nano-selenium (BNSe) in nano-selenium (NSe) in G5. Results showed that G5 showed significantly (P<0.05) the higher values nutrients digestibility, feeding values and feed intake followed by G4 and G3 then G2, whereas G1 had the lower values. Group 5 showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest yield of actual milk and 3.5% fat corrected milk (FCM) and the contents of fat, protein, lactose, solids not fat (SNF) and total solids (TS) followed by G4 and G3 then G2, while G1 had the lowest yield. Group 1 (control) showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest amounts of DM, TDN, CP and DCP per kg 3.5% FCM followed by G2 and G3, then G4, while G5 had the lowest values. Feed cost per 1 kg 3.5% FCM was higher in G1 followed by G2, then G3 and G4, but G5 had the lower cost. On the other side, G5 recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest output of 3.5% FCM yield, net revenue and economic efficiency followed by G4 and G3, then G2, however G1 had the lowest values. Number of weaned kids was significantly (P<0.05) higher in G5 followed by G3 and G4 then G2, but was lower in G1. No death kids in G5 received BNSe and moreover mortality rate was the least with G3 and G4, followed by G2, but was the highest in G1 (P<0.05). Weaning weight, total weight gain and average daily gain were significantly (P<0.05) higher in G5 followed by G4 and G3, then G2, but were lower in G1. Suckled milk and the cost of suckled milk per kg weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) higher in G1 followed by G2 then G3 and G4, but G5 had the lowest values. Output of ADG, net revenue and economic efficiency were significantly (P<0.05) higher in G5 followed by G4 and G3, then G2, while G1 had the lowest values.
Model of Assistance for BUMDesa Fisheries Business Groups in Improving Community Economy

The field of community empowerment is one of the Government's efforts to support the community's economy. One of the efforts to mobilize the economic potential in villages that spread across Indonesia, the government supports and encourages the formation of Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa). This is like what already exists in the village of Labruk Lor, Lumajang District, Lumajang Regency. However, there are obstacles related to the development of processed products in the fisheries unit at the Bumdesa Labruk Lor. The purpose of this research is to provide knowledge about product processing development activities and provide hands-on training. The method used is in the form of active participation in mentoring activities, lectures and practices. This activity was carried out for 6 months by involving the local government sector and universities. The results show that the Bumdes management understands the benefits that will be obtained from developing processed products from the fisheries unit, besides that it is hoped that this activity will also have an impact on increasing income for Bumdes.
Simulations of firn processes over the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets: 1980–2021

Abstract. Conversion of altimetry-derived ice-sheet volume change to mass requires an understanding of the evolution of the combined ice and air content within the firn column. In the absence of suitable techniques to observe the changes to the firn column across the entirety of an ice sheet, the firn column processes are typically modeled. Here, we present new simulations of firn processes over the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS) using the Community Firn Model and atmospheric reanalysis variables for more than four decades. A data set of more than 250 measured depth–density profiles from both ice sheets provides the basis of the calibration of the dry-snow densification scheme. The resulting scheme results in a reduction in the rate of densification, relative to a commonly used semi-empirical model, through a decreased dependence on the accumulation rate, a proxy for overburden stress. The 1980–2020 modeled firn column runoff, when combined with atmospheric variables from MERRA-2, generates realistic mean integrated surface mass balance values for the Greenland (+390 Gt yr−1) and Antarctic (+2612 Gt yr−1) ice sheets when compared to published model-ensemble means. We find that seasonal volume changes associated with firn air content are on average approximately 2.5 times larger than those associated with mass fluxes from surface processes for the AIS and 1.5 times larger for the GrIS; however, when averaged over multiple years, ice and air-volume fluctuations within the firn column are of comparable magnitudes. Between 1996 and 2019, the Greenland Ice Sheet lost nearly 5 % of its firn air content, indicating a reduction in the total meltwater retention capability. Nearly all (94 %) of the meltwater produced over the Antarctic Ice Sheet is retained within the firn column through infiltration and refreezing.
On the Indeterminacy of Determinacy and Indeterminacy

A number of authors have attempted to test whether the US economy is in a determinate or an indeterminate equilibrium. We argue that to answer this question, one must impose a priori restrictions on lag length that cannot be tested. We provide examples of two economic models. Model 1 displays an indeterminate equilibrium, driven by sunspots. Model 2 displays a determinate equilibrium driven by fundamentals. Both models have the same likelihood function and are therefore observationally equivalent.