Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Committee assignment patterns in fragmented multiparty settings: Party personnel practices and coalition management

This paper addresses the way parties assign members to parliamentary committees in fragmented multiparty settings. Thus, it analyzes how the two most central institutions of parliamentary politics––political parties and parliamentary committees––interact with one another. To the best of our knowledge, no research into this subject has systematically explored the intersection of considerations based on individual legislator characteristics and coalition management in committee assignment. Using Israel as our case study, we show that legislators' expertise modestly shapes committee assignment patterns. However, parties in coalition often have another set of considerations to take into account when assigning members to committees. We show that parties in coalition do not only bargain on ministerial positions or committee chairs––they also bargain on their members’ assignment to committees and use this resource to allow (or hinder) each other to augment influence and control in a given policy area, or to perform affective monitoring.
Characterization of the non-Gaussianity of radio and IR point sources at CMB frequencies

This study, using publicly available simulations, focuses on the characterization of the non-Gaussianity produced by radio point sources and by infrared (IR) sources in the frequency range of the cosmic microwave background from 30 to 350 GHz. We propose a simple prescription to infer the angular bispectrum from the power spectrum of point sources considering independent populations of sources, with or without clustering. We test the accuracy of our prediction using publicly available all-sky simulations of radio and IR sources and find very good agreement. We further characterize the configuration dependence and the frequency behaviour of the IR and radio bispectra. We show that the IR angular bispectrum peaks for squeezed triangles and that the clustering of IR sources enhances the bispectrum values by several orders of magnitude at scales l∼ 100. At 150 GHz the bispectrum of IR sources starts to dominate that of radio sources on large angular scales, and it dominates the whole multipole range at 350 GHz. Finally, we compute the bias on fNL induced by radio and IR sources. We show that the positive bias induced by radio sources is significantly reduced by masking the sources. We also show, for the first time, that the form of the IR bispectrum mimics a primordial ‘local’ bispectrum fNL. The IR sources produce a negative bias which becomes important for Planck-like resolution and at high frequencies (ΔfNL∼−6 at 277 GHz and ΔfNL∼−60–70 at 350 GHz). Most of the signal being due to the clustering of faint IR sources, the bias is not reduced by masking sources above a flux limit and may, in some cases, even be increased due to the reduction of the shot-noise term.
Do finite-size neutrally buoyant particles cluster?

The turbulent mixing of small and heavy particles presents a striking feature known as preferential concentration or clustering. We investigate here the preferential concentration of particles that are neutrally buoyant but with a diameter significantly larger than the dissipation scale η of the carrier flow (4.4η–17η). Such particles are known to not behave as flow tracers (Qureshi et al 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 184502) but it remains an open question whether they do cluster or not. For this purpose, we produce homogeneous and isotropic turbulence in a closed water flow, and seed the flow with neutrally buoyant particles spanning a range of Stokes numbers from 1.6 to 24.2 depending on the rotation frequency. The spatial structuration of these inclusions is then investigated by Voronoï tesselation analysis, as proposed recently by Monchaux et al (2010 Phys. Fluids 22 103304), from images of the particle concentration field taken in a laser sheet at the center of the flow. No matter what the rotation frequency and the Reynolds and Stokes numbers are, the particles are found to not cluster. Finite-size neutrally buoyant particles are therefore not inertial. We also conclude that the Stokes number per se is an insufficient indicator of the clustering trend in particles-laden flows.
Inflationary magnetogenesis with broken local U(1) symmetry

We point out that a successful inflationary magnetogenesis could be realised if we break the local U(1) gauge symmetry during inflation. The effective electric charge is fixed as a fundamental constant, which allows us to obtain an almost scale-invariant magnetic spectrum avoiding both the strong coupling and back reaction problems. We examine the corrections to the primordial curvature perturbation due to these stochastic electromagnetic fields and find that, at both linear and non-linear orders, the contributions from the electromagnetic field are negligible compared to those created from vacuum fluctuations. Finally, the U(1) gauge symmetry is restored at the end of inflation.
Effects of tissue plasminogen activator on medium-term functional independence: A propensity score-matched analysis

This study revealed the effects of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on medium-term functional independence in patients with stroke. We retrospectively examined 240 patients from April 2016 to March 2019 and selected 68 who met our criteria. After adjusting the functional status at the onset by propensity score matching, the functional independence measure (FIM) on admission to and discharge from the convalescent rehabilitation wards was compared between the groups classified by the presence or absence of tPA. Twelve pairs were derived by propensity score matching. Upon admission to the convalescent rehabilitation ward, the median score of the FIM was significantly higher in the tPA group than in the non-tPA group (P = .028). Patients in the tPA group had higher median FIM scores at discharge than those in the non-tPA group (P = .060). The difference in the independence level of activities of daily living (ADL) between the groups with and without tPA may gradually decrease with continuous inpatient rehabilitation. However, the tPA group tended to have high levels of independence in ADL at the time of discharge.
POLAR FIELD PUZZLE: SOLUTIONS FROM FLUX-TRANSPORT DYNAMO AND SURFACE-TRANSPORT MODELS

Polar fields in solar cycle 23 were about 50% weaker than those in cycle 22. The only theoretical models which have addressed this puzzle are surface-transport models and flux-transport dynamo models. Comparing polar fields obtained from numerical simulations using surface-flux-transport models and flux-transport dynamo models, we show that both classes of models can explain the polar field features within the scope of the physics included in the respective models. In both models, how polar fields change as a result of changes in meridional circulation depends on the details of meridional circulation profile used. Using physical reasoning and schematics as well as numerical solutions from a flux-transport dynamo model, we demonstrate that polar fields are determined mostly by the strength of a surface poloidal source provided by the decay of tilted, bipolar active regions. The profile of a meridional flow with the latitude and its changes with time have much less effect in flux-transport dynamo models than in surface-transport models.
Quantum Chromodynamics: Perturbative and Nonperturbative Aspects

Aimed at graduate students and researchers in theoretical physics, this book presents the modern theory of strong interaction: quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The book exposes various perturbative and nonperturbative approaches to the theory, including chiral effective theory, the problems of anomalies, vacuum tunnel transitions, and the problem of divergence of the perturbative series. The QCD sum rules approach is exposed in detail. A great variety of hadronic properties (masses of mesons and baryons, magnetic moments, form factors, quark distributions in hadrons, etc.) have been found using this method. The evolution of hadronic structure functions is presented in detail, together with polarization phenomena. The problem of jets in QCD is treated through theoretical description and experimental observation. The connection with Regge theory is emphasized. The book covers many aspects of theory which are not discussed in other books, such as CET, QCD sum rules, and BFKL.
Cost analysis - the desirability of natural delivery and caesarean section with decision tree model

Objective: This article deals with the cost-benefit analysis of natural childbirth and caesarean section with decision tree model. Methods: This is a practical study in which 644 cases of natural and cesarean births (including 317 natural births and 327 cesarean births) were extracted and included in the relevant list. Then mothers who had been at least 3 months after giving birth were included in the study. The data was collected using the researcher's checklist and EQ-5D-3L structured questionnaire by the researcher. SPSS 26 and R Core Team (2021) software were used to perform the analysis. Results: Natural childbirth was more prevalent for pregnant women compared to cesarean delivery. which had a lower cost (26980930.90±16603206.35 Rials vs. 48883938.59 ± 6126709.15 Rials) and better utility (86.91± 4.353vs. 64.16±7.348) for all evaluated outcomes. Conclusions: It is necessary to control and manage cesarean section in cases without clinical indication. Also, other low-cost and easy-to-access strategies should be carried out for the awareness of mothers and cultural and legal foundation in the field of promoting natural childbirth.
UKURAN KOMITE KOMITE AUDIT DAN PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO

This study aims to analyze the effect of the characteristics of the Audit Committee on the implementation of risk management. The intended characteristics of the Audit Committee are independence, expertise, size, and meetings. This study also uses company size, leverage, and auditor reputation as control variables.The sample in this study were non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2011. Using the purposive sampling method, finally obtained 214 observations. This study uses logistic regression to analyze data.The results showed that the size of the audit committee had a positive and significant effect on risk management, while independence, meetings, competence had no influence on the implementation of risk management.
Three-dimensional hydrodynamical CO5BOLD model atmospheres of red giant stars - III. Line formation in the atmospheres of giants located close to the base of the red giant branch

Aims. We utilize state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical and classical 1D stellar model atmospheres to study the influence of convection on the formation properties of vario us atomic and molecular spectral lines in the atmospheres of four red giant stars, located close to the base of the red giant branch , RGB (Teff ≈ 5000 K, log g = 2.5), and characterized by four different metallicities, [M/H] = 0.0,−1.0,−2.0,−3.0. Methods. The role of convection in the spectral line formation is asse ssed with the aid of abundance corrections, i.e., the differences in abundances predicted for a given equivalent width of a particular spectral line with the 3D and 1D model atmospheres. The 3D hydrodynamical and classical 1D model atmospheres used in this study were calculated with theCO 5 BOLD and 1DLHD codes, respectively. Identical atmospheric parameters, chemical composition, equation of state, and opacities were used with both codes, therefore allowing a strictly differential analysis of the line formation properties in the 3D and 1D models. Results. We find that for lines of certain neutral atoms, such as Mg i, Tii, Fei, and Nii, the abundance corrections strongly depend both on metallicity of a given model atmosphere and the line excitation potential, χ. While abundance corrections for all lines of both neutral and ionized elements tend to be small at solar metallicity (≤ ±0.1 dex), for lines of neutral elements with low ionization potential and low-to-intermediateχ they quickly increase with decreasing metallicity, reachi ng in their extremes to−0.6···− 0.8 dex. In all such cases the large abundance corrections are due to horizontal temperature fluctuations in the 3D hydrodynamica l models. Lines of neutral elements with higher ionization potential s (Eion& 10 eV) generally behave very similarly to lines of ionized elements characterized with low ionization potentials ( Eion . 6 eV). In the latter case, the abundance corrections are small (generally, ≤ ±0.1 dex) and are caused by approximately equal contributions from the horizontal temperature fluctuations and di fferences between the temperature profiles in the 3D and 1D model atmospheres. A bundance corrections of molecular lines are very sensitive to metallicity of the underlying model atmosphere and may be larger (in absolute value) than∼ −0.5 dex at [M/H] =−3.0 (∼ −1.5 dex in the case of CO). At fixed metallicity and excitation potent ial, the abundance corrections show little variation withi n the wavelength range studied here, 400− 1600 nm. We also find that an approximate treatment of scatter ing in the 3D model calculations (i.e., ignoring the scattering opacity in the outer, optically thi n, atmosphere) leads to the abundance corrections that are altered by less than∼ 0.1 dex, both for atomic and molecular (CO) lines, with respect to the model where scattering is treated as true absorption throughout the entire atmosphere, with the largest differences for the resonance and low-excitation lines.
Scattering of Long-Wavelength Gravitational Waves

We consider the scattering of a low-frequency gravitational wave by a massive compact body in vacuum. We apply partial-wave methods to compute amplitudes for the helicity-conserving and helicity-reversing contributions to the cross section, accurate to first order in $M\ensuremath{\omega}$. Contrary to previous claims, we find that the partial-wave cross section agrees with the cross section derived via perturbation-theory methods.
Initial Psychometric Development of the Fear and Anxiety to COVID-19 Scale in Nursing Professionals: An Occupational Health Assessment Tool

Objective The effects caused by COVID-19 on the physical and mental health show the need to renew and create tools that specifically measure the fear and anxiety caused by the pandemic in healthcare professionals. The aim of the study was to measure fear and anxiety of COVID-19 in the nursing population group using a specific assessment scale. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in Spain based on questionnaires. The sample was selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling. Univariate and bivariate descriptive analyses were performed. For qualitative variables, a categorical regression analysis was performed. Results The sample consisted of 1012 nurses residing in Spain, 86.6% of whom were women, with a mean age of 40.84 years (SD = 11.51). The bivariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the mean score of the scale and the variables sex, level of education, m2 of the dwelling, and work area. Conclusion The validation of this scale provides a new management tool that should enable managers to assess anxiety and fear among their nurses, whether in the current COVID-19 pandemic or in other possible epidemiological situations to come.
Simulating star clusters across cosmic time – I. Initial mass function, star formation rates, and efficiencies

We present radiation-magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of star formation in self-gravitating, turbulent molecular clouds, modelling the formation of individual massive stars, including their UV radiation feedback. The set of simulations have cloud masses between mgas = 103 M⊙ and 3 × 105 M⊙ and gas densities typical of clouds in the local Universe ($\overline{n}_{\rm gas} \sim 1.8\times 10^2$ cm−3) and 10× and 100× denser, expected to exist in high-redshift galaxies. The main results are as follows. (i) The observed Salpeter power-law slope and normalization of the stellar initial mass function at the high-mass end can be reproduced if we assume that each star-forming gas clump (sink particle) fragments into stars producing on average a maximum stellar mass about $40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the mass of the sink particle, while the remaining $60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ is distributed into smaller mass stars. Assuming that the sinks fragment according to a power-law mass function flatter than Salpeter, with log-slope 0.8, satisfy this empirical prescription. (ii) The star formation law that best describes our set of simulation is ${\rm d}\rho _*/{\rm d}t \propto \rho _{\rm gas}^{1.5}$ if $\overline{n}_{\rm gas}\lt n_{\rm cri}\approx 10^3$ cm−3, and ${\rm d}\rho _*/{\rm d}t \propto \rho _{\rm gas}^{2.5}$ otherwise. The duration of the star formation episode is roughly six cloud’s sound crossing times (with cs = 10 km s−1). (iii) The total star formation efficiency in the cloud is $f_*=2{{\ \rm per\ cent}} (m_{\rm gas}/10^4~\mathrm{M}_\odot)^{0.4}(1+\overline{n}_{\rm gas}/n_{\rm cri})^{0.91}$, for gas at solar metallicity, while for metallicity Z < 0.1 Z⊙, based on our limited sample, f* is reduced by a factor of ∼5. (iv) The most compact and massive clouds appear to form globular cluster progenitors, in the sense that star clusters remain gravitationally bound after the gas has been expelled.
Effectiveness of data augmentation on deep based post-hurricane building classification using satellite images

While targeting at the classification of images of un-/damaged post-hurricane buildings, this paper investigates into the effects of different data augmentation techniques on three popular convolution neural network models, together with a model built by our team. The main derived results are the test accuracies for each combination of data augmentations and models, showing the competency of a certain combination on our task; thus, comparisons and evaluations are made. The conclusion drawn is that, firstly, convolution neural network models are capable of completing the classification with a rather high rate of success. And it is shown that there could possibly exist such data augmentation techniques that do not improve the performance of a model.
The Influence of Fertilization and Plant Density on the Dry Matter Yield and Quality of Black Mustard [Brassica nigra (L.) Koch]: An Alternative Forage Crop

Black mustard [Brassica nigra (L.) Koch] is mainly cultivated as a seed crop, and there is a lack of information on biomass quality and its potential for animal feeding. A 2-year field experiment was set up in a split-plot design with 2 main plots (plant densities: 46 and 76 plants m−2), 4 sub-plots (fertilization levels: control, compost, urea with and without urease and nitrification inhibitors) and 3 replications for each treatment. The highest dry matter yield (17.55–18.34 tn ha−1) was observed in high-density plots fertilized with urea fertilizer coated with double (nitrification and urease) inhibitors. In terms of the qualitive parameters of total above-ground biomass, the highest crude protein (CP) content was achieved in plots with low density and urea with double inhibitors. Moreover, the highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of above-ground biomass were found under compost and urea with double inhibitors. The high ADF, NDF and relatively high CP content characterized that black mustard aerial biomass can meet the requirements of lactating animals, and therefore the production of black mustard biomass as a forage crop could be of great importance. As a conclusion, black mustard cultivated at plant densities higher than 46 plants m−2 and under inorganic fertilization, especially with urea coated with double inhibitors, could be successfully used as a novel forage crop in ruminants’ diets.
THE B SUBUNIT OF Escherichia coli TOXIN LT FUSED WITH TRUNCATED rROP2 PROTEIN OF Neospora caninum INDUCES MIXED Th2/Th17 IMMUNE RESPONSE IN MICE

Neospora caninum ROP2 protein is a promising vaccine antigen candidate for controlling neosporosis. In this study, we evaluated the immune response against a chimera formed by Escherichia coli heat labile B portion of the toxin (LTB) and its association with a truncated N. caninum ROP2 in a murine model. The recombinant proteins were expressed in E. coli, maintaining antigenic epitopes that were recognized by specific antibodies. Antigenicity was verified by western blot using serum from naturally infected cattle, and by ELISA using serum from mice infected experimentally with N. caninum. Immunogenicity was evaluated by total serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes in mice vaccinated with the experimental vaccines. Splenocyte transcription of the cytokines IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A and IFN-y were analyzed by qPCR. The chimeric construction rLTB/tROP2 modulated a significant increase (p<0.05) in total antibody titer against rROP2 by day 14 post inoculation, whereas the rROP2 induced higher (p<0.05) total IgG after the vaccine boost until the end of the experiment. Splenocytes from both groups stimulated with the rROP2 induced significant (p<0.05) higher IL-10 (18-27 folds), and IL-12 (7-12 folds) transcription, with a significant (p<0.0001) fold transcription increase for IL-17 (40-3000 folds). When stimulated with rLTB/tROP2, a significant (p<0.05) higher IL-10 (46-76 folds), IL-12 (4-25 folds) and IL-17 (40-400 folds) transcription were observed. Our results exhibit evidence that these recombinant proteins were able to modulate a mixed Th2/Th17 immune response, suggesting they may be a promising vaccine to be used for the control of N. caninum.
Attitude Toward and Associating Factors of Menopause: A Study on Cambodian Women

This study aimed to assess the attitudes of Cambodian women toward menopause and its associating factors. A cross-sectional study design was used to examine the attitudes of 181 Cambodian women ages 40–60 years toward menopause using the Attitude toward Menopause (ATM) scale. The mean total attitude score was determined as 84.54 ± 11.55 on a scale of 35–140, indicating that most participants had negative attitudes toward menopause. Perimenopausal women had more negative attitudes (80.02 ± 9.19) while postmenopausal women had more positive attitudes (86.63 ± 12.07) and was statistically significant (p = .006). Perimenopausal women perceived menopause as a health concerning medical issue requiring treatment, and something unpleasant in their lives. Older age and employment were the independent factors associated with positive attitudes to menopause. Tailored menopausal interventions and counseling for women in perimenopause, and younger and unemployed women regarding the symptoms of menopause should be considered as crucial for midlife Cambodian women.
Об одной комбинаторной проблеме, связанной с быстрым умножением матриц

The group-theoretical approach to fast matrix multiplication generates specific combinatorial objects, named Uniquely Solvable Puzzles (briefly USP). In the paper some numerical characteristic of the USP was discussed and the relation of USPs to famous combinatorial problem named «Cap set problem» was investigated.