Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Sugar-Based Beverages on Hydration Status in Various Work Conditions: A Systematic Review

Body water is essential to sustain the cardiovascular system, thermoregulatory system and support cellular homeostasis. According to the Indian Dietary Guidelines, ~8 glasses (2000 ml) of water per day is adequate to maintain hydration in healthy individuals. However, this theory is subjected to a broad range of interpretation by different individuals. Plain water is often assumed as the only source that fulfils daily fluid requirements, the contribution of other beverages like coffee, tea, milk and Sugar-Based drinks towards fluid balance is often suspended. In recent years, an increase in the intake of Sugar-Based beverages have been recorded worldwide. Similarly, given the potentially large consumption of Sugar-Based beverages in India, it is important to understand their impact on everyday hydration. It remains unclear whether the intake of Sugar-Based beverages contributes to hydration or merely causes health concerns. This is the first Indian review to study the impact of Sugar-Based beverage consumption on hydration status of individuals. In this systematic review, characteristics of 16 studies were considered which include 12 Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs), 1 Clinical Controlled Trial (CCT) and 3 Experimental Studies (ES). Our main findings suggest: (1) A positive correlation between the consumption of Sugar-Based drinks and maintenance of fluid balance and hydration, (2) Additional energy and performance related benefits of Sugar-Based drinks during dehydration conditions and (3) Up to 6% concentration of sugar in beverages improves water absorption rates in intestines.
Aquatic Insects distribution pattern focused on water quality in Aghien lagoon (Côte d’Ivoire; West Africa)

This study was carried to know the ecological status of Aghien lagoon water’s using aquatic Insects. Insects and physicochemical variables were sampled monthly from June 2014 to MAY 2015 at eleven sampling site. Samplings were performed by the kick sampling technique and Van Veen Grab methods. A total of 7230 individuals from 68 taxa belonging to 08 orders and 46 families were identified. Diptera order was best represented with 11 families. The analysis of diversity index indicated that study site are low diversified although some physicochemical parameters presented some signs of disturbance unfavorable to insect’s community proliferation. EP/C index and Chironomidae percentage showed a predominance of Chironomidae over others families of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) groups that are pollen-sensitive organisms. These results suggest that waters of Aghien lagoon are moderately polluted and should be subject to biomonitoring.
In Vitro Influence of Prophylaxis Cleaning on Enamel Remineralization with Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate

ABSTRACT Objectives This randomized controlled in vitro 4-arm trial study aimed to study the remineralization potential of Recaldent™ and assess the effects of prophylaxis cleaning and MI Varnish® on enhancing this remineralization potential. Material and Methods Sixty human teeth were randomly assigned into equal samples (A/B). Sample A was prophylactically cleaned, randomly divided into equal samples (1/2). Sample A1 received treatment with MI Varnish® and Recaldent™ for 30 days. Sample A2 was treated similarly but without MI Varnish®. Sample B did not receive prophylaxis cleaning and was divided into equal samples (1/2). Sample B1 was treated as A1 and sample B2 as A2. The teeth were examined for mineral composition at baseline, after the interventions (T1), and after prophylaxis cleaning (T2). Study outcomes were mineral content (% weight of carbon [C], phosphorus [P], calcium [Ca], oxygen [O], chlorine [Cl], sodium [Na] and silicon [Si]) and calcium-phosphorus ratio (Ca/P). Results All groups had similar mineral composition at baseline. At T1, sample B2 exhibited least P, Ca and Ca/P content. Samples A1 and B1 showed higher content of P and Ca, compared to B2 (A1 only exhibited higher Ca/P). Sample A2 exhibited lowest Cl and Na content. At T2, sample A1 exhibited lowest C, P, O and Si content (highest Ca/P). Sample A2 showed least Ca/P, and highest Na content. Conclusions Teeth treated by Recaldent™ proceeded by prophylaxis cleaning or MI Varnish® showed remineralization, especially when receiving both interventions. This superior effect persisted even after a second cleaning. Further trials are necessary to provide conclusive evidence in humans.
Variabilidade espacial do fósforo e das frações granulométricas de um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo

This study was conducted to study the spatial variability of phosphorus, estimating it through cokriging taking as covariables the size fractions of soil. The study was conducted at the experimental farm INCAPER-ES. The soil was sampled in the canopy projection of culture and depth of 0-0.20 meters in a n irregular mesh with 109 points. The data were initially submitted to a descriptive analysis and correlation. Through geostatistics was made the adjustment of the variograms. The P showed significant correlation with the sand and clay fractions indicating that areas with higher concentrations of clay have lower availability of this nutrient. Both fractions have equal performance as co-variable in the estimate of the levels of P in the soil.
DETERMINACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE EN UN MODELO DE PEROXIDACIÓN LIPÍDICA DE MANTEQUILLA INHIBIDA POR EL ISOESPINTANOL

The antioxidant activity (Φ) is defined as the slope of the simple linear regression of f0/fi against the concentration µM, in an inhibition model of lipid peroxidation of butter at 60° C, where fi is the concentration effect of isoespintanol and f0 is the control. It is found that the formation of: hydroperoxides (peroxide value of PV) and the most oxidized species reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), were similarly delayed by isoespintanol (ΦTBARS = 9.46x10-5 ± 1.33x10-5 and ΦPV = 9.41x10-5 ± 1.62x10-5). Likewise, the butilhidroxy toluene and isoespintanol inhibit the oxidative process of butter in a 28.0 and 23.3% at concentrations of 2380.9 and 3809.5 µ M respectively.
PRODUÇÃO E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DA Brachiaria brizantha E Brachiaria decumbens SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES ADUBAÇÕES

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and chemical composition of two cultivates of Brachiaria with different fertilizations. The experiment was installed in a green house at Juvino Oliveira Campus of UESB, in Itapeting, BA. The assay was conducted in a 2x5 factorial scheme, being two cultivates of Brachiaria (B. brizantha cv. marandu and B. decumbens cv. basilisk) and five fertilizations (without fertilizer, P, N, NP and NK). The quantity of nutrients used was 50 kg.ha-1 of P, 30 kg.ha-1 of K and 300 kg.ha-1 of N. The design adopted was the completely randomized, with four replications. Plastic vessels with 30 cm diameter per 22 cm height and 10 dm3 capacity were used. Three aerial part sample collection were done, being each period correspondent to 28 days of plant growing. These samples were collected, dried in stove and grounded to 1 mm and, afterwards, a composed sample was made. The results show that the interaction between cultivates and fertilizer was significant to aerial part dry mass and production. basilisk cultivate showed to be superior relative to marandu cultivate in the majority of the variables analyzed. The values found to chemical composition of the studied cultivates are according to tabled values to plants sprouting.
小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）净化沼液和提纯沼气

为了研究同时提纯沼气和净化沼液的可能,利用沼液作为小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）的培养基,同时把沼气中的CO2作为小球藻培养的碳源。 在无菌培养条件下,得出了最适生长条件为沼液浓度50%、初始pH值6. 0、接种小球藻干重为0. 20 mg/mL、光质为红光。 在此条件下沼液中的COD、TN、TP和BOD5的去除率分别达到了88. 5%、91.2%、95.3%和87. 6%,沼气中甲烷含量由原先的40%提升到60. 2%。 很好地同时解决了沼气品质低下和高浓度污染物沼液污染环境的问题。
Antisense Drug Technology

Introduction Mechanisms of Antisense Drug Action, an Introduction, S.T. Crooke, T. Vickers, Walt Lima, and H. Wu The RNase H Mechanism, W. Lima, H. Wu, and S.T. Crooke Small RNA Silencing Pathways, A. Sigova and P.D. Zamore Splice Switching Oligonucleotides as Potential Therapeutics, P. Sazani, M.A. Graziewicz, and R. Kole The Basics of Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutics Basic Principles of Antisense Drug Discovery, S.M. Freier and A.T. Watt The Medicinal Chemistry of Oligonucleotides, E.E. Swayze and B. Bhat Basic Principles of the Pharmacokinetics of Antisense Oligonucleotide Drugs, A.A. Levin, R.Z. Yu, and R.S. Geary Routes and Formulations for Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides, G.E. Hardee, L.G. Tillman, and R.S. Geary Liposomal Formulations for Nucleic Acid Delivery, I. MacLachlan Hybridization-Based Drugs: Basic Properties 2_-O-Methoxyethyl Oligonucleotides Pharmacological Properties of 2_-O-Methoxyethyl-Modified Oligonucleotides, C.F. Bennett Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Properties of Phosphorothioate 2_-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)- Modified Antisense Oligonucleotides in Animals and Man, R.S. Geary, R.Z. Yu, A. Siwkowski, and A.A. Levin Toxicologic Properties of 2_-O-Methoxyethyl Chimeric Antisense Inhibitors in Animals and Man, S.P. Henry, T.W. Kim, K. Kramer-Stickland,T.A. Zanardi, R.A. Fey, and A.A. Levin An Overview of the Clinical Safety Experience of First- and Second-Generation Antisense Oligonucleotides, T.J. Kwoh Manufacturing and Analytical Processes for 2_-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)-Modified Oligonucleotides, D.C. Capaldi and A.N. Scozzari Hybridization-Based Drugs: Basic Properties Duplex RNA Drugs Utilizing Chemistry to Harness RNA Interference Pathways for Therapeutics: Chemically Modified siRNAs and Antagomirs, M. Manoharan and K.G. Rajeev Discovery and Development of RNAi Therapeutics, A.R. de Fougerolles and J.M. Maraganore Other Chemical Classes of Drugs Optimization of Second-Generation Antisense Drugs: Going Beyond Generation 2.0, B.P. Monia, R.Z. Yu, W. Lima, and A. Siwkowski Modulating Gene Function with Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA), P.E. Nielsen Locked Nucleic Acid, T. Koch and H. Orum Morpholinos, P.L. Iversen Therapeutic Applications Potential Therapeutic Applications of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Ophthalmology, L.R. Grillone and S.P. Henry Cardiovascular Therapeutic Applications, R. Crooke, B. Baker, and M. Wedel Developing Antisense Drugs for Metabolic Diseases: A Novel Therapeutic Approach, S. Bhanot Inflammatory Diseases, S.A. Gregory and J.G. Karras Antisense Oligonucleotides for the Treatment of Cancer, B.A. Hadaschik and M.E. Gleave Targeting Neurological Disorders with Antisense Oligonucleotides, R.A. Smith and T.M. Miller Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications of Immune Modulatory Oligodeoxynucleotide and Oligoribonucleotide Ligands for Toll-Like Receptors, J. Vollmer and A.M. Krieg Aptamer Opportunities and Challenges, C. Wilson Index
Efectos del estiércol bovino sobre algunas propiedades químicas de un Ultisol degradado en el área de la Machiques Colón, estado Zulia

Con el proposito de evaluar los efectos de tres niveles de enmienda organica (0-60 y 120 Mg ha-1 de estiercol bovino) sobre algunas propiedades quimicas de un Ultisol degradado, se realizo un ensayo en el area de la Machiques Colon (Bosque seco tropical), empleando un diseno experimental en bloques al azar con seis repeticiones y arreglo en parcelas divididas en espacio (rangos de pendiente, 0-3 y 3-8 %) y tiempo (epoca de muestreo). Durante un ano y a los 4, 8 y 12 meses se evaluaron cambios quimicos: carbono organico (CO), fosforo disponible (P), reaccion del suelo (pH), conductividad electrica (CE) y saturacion con aluminio (SAL). Segun los resultados el CO mostro diferencias estadisticas entre muestreos y fue siempre mayor en los tratamientos enmendados. El contenido de P fue significativamente mayor en los lotes estercolados y no mostro variaciones entre epocas de muestreo. La CE y el pH se incrementaron significativamente en los tratamientos estercolados. La SAL vario significativamente entre muestreos y se redujo con el nivel de abonamiento organico.
Global perspectives on the molecular ecology of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes

Photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) are single celled algae of <3μm diameter, present in both marine and freshwater environments. Marine PPEs have begun to gain increasing recognition as important, ubiquitous primary producers, after largely being overlooked in favour of the more numerous picocyanobacteria for many years. Molecular studies have shown the group to be extremely diverse. However, most molecular studies have used PCR with general primers targeting the nuclear 18S rRNA gene to construct clone libraries and have been dominated by heterotrophic picoeukaryotes. To overcome this problem, more recent molecular studies have targeted the 16S rRNA gene of marine algal plastids, an approach which essentially excludes heterotrophic organisms. In this PhD thesis, the molecular diversity of the PPE community was analysed over broad spatial scales using both 16S and 18S rRNA gene markers to begin to draw global conclusions on the phylogenetic composition of this group and identify the major players in marine CO2 fixation. Moreover, distributions of various PPE classes were also analysed along a range of cruise transects with dot blot hybridisation of PCR amplified DNA using class-specific plastid 16S rRNA gene targeted oligonucleotide probes. All major ocean basins were analysed, encompassing a range of nutrient regimes and latitudes. The dot blot hybridisation approach revealed that the classes Prymnesiophyceae and Chrysophyceae appeared to be ubiquitous and dominated the PPE community throughout large expanses of the global ocean. Furthermore, these classes showed strongly complementary distributions along some of the transects analysed. Clone library construction demonstrated that both classes are comprised of an array of genetic lineages, many with no close cultured counterpart. For one cruise transect, the extended Ellett Line in the North Atlantic Ocean, a fluorescent in situ hybridisation approach was used as a PCR-independent assessment of the PPE community. This approach largely supported the dot blot hybridisation data. Other classes, Cryptophyceae, Pinguiophyceae, Pelagophyceae, Eustigmatophyceae, Pavlovophyceae, Trebouxiouphyceae, Chlorarachniophyceae and Prasinophyceae clade VI, were detected at lower abundances by dot blot hybridisation, with some classes restricted to specific sites. Multivariate statistics indicated that the distribution patterns of PPE classes were influenced by both temperature and nutrient concentrations. However, at the global scale, a large proportion of the variation in dot blot hybridisation data could not be explained by the environmental parameters measured. It is likely that the classes harbour different ecotypes which are individually influenced by environmental factors. Furthermore, biotic parameters not measured in this work e.g. viral lysis, predation or parasitic infection may have been important in controlling the PPE community.
Clinical profile of dengue fever patients in tertiary care hospital of North India

Introduction: In India, Dengue epidemics are becoming more frequent. The majority of dengue virus infection are self limiting, but complications may cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records were reviewed and analyzed. Patients were classified into dengue with and without warning sign and severe dengue (DHF/DSS). Objectives: To assess clinical profile of dengue infection in children less than 18 years of age and to evaluate outcome of dengue fever admitted from June to December 2018, in Department of Pediatrics, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra. Results: A total of 50 dengue positive patients were classified into dengue with or without warning signs 42(84%) and 8 (16%) severe dengue cases. The most commonly involved children were male between 510 yr (36%) of age group followed by 1-5 yr (34%). Most common clinical manifestation was fever observed in 96% cases followed by rash (66%), pain abdomen (52%) and vomiting in 26% cases.46% cases of dengue had warning signs. Most common clinical and radiological findings were ascites seen in 24% cases followed by pleural effusion. Elevation of Aspartate Transaminase (SGOT) in 82% and thrombocytopenia was seen in 60% cases. Conclusion: High grade fever, vomiting, abdominal pain and skin rash with normal or low platelet count were varying clinical presentation. Early clinical suspicion and diagnosis with prompt management accompanied by preventive measures can prevent morbidity and the mortality associated with dengue.
Helminths of Microtus lusitanicus (Gerbe, 1879) (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Iberian Peninsula: faunistic and ecological considerations.

En el estudio se analiza la helinintofauna de Microtus lusitanicus desde un punto de vista fauini´stico y ecolo´gico. Se han detectado 12 especies de helinintos, un trematodo dige´mdo, seis cestodos y cinco neinatodos, con una clara predominancia de especies oligoxeiias y eurixeilas. El ana´lisis de una siibpoblacio´n del roedor en Matarrosa del Sil (Leo´n), permitio´ la realizacio´n de uii estudio ecolo´gico coinpleto, en el que se valora el impacto de factores extri´nsecos (temperatura y precipitacio´n) e intri´nsecos (sexo y edad) sobre diversos aspectos relativos a su lielmiiitofauna. Los resultados del estudio evidencian la influencia de las variables cliina´ticas sobre las abuiidancias de parasitacio´ii por Heligmosomoides laevis, Taenia tenuicollis, Syphacia nigeriana y Arostrilepis horrida. Tambie´n se ha podido constatar el efecto de la estacionalidad sobre las cargas parasitarias que soporta el hospedador, asi´ como sobre la riqueza de sus infracomunidades helmintianas.
Distemper virus-induced apoptotic changes in cerebellum

Bu calismada, canine distemper virusu belirlenen 3 ay-2.5 yasli, degisik irk (1 Husky, 9 melez) ve cinsiyetteki (3 disi, 7 erkek) 10 adet kopegin serebellumunda TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick endlabeling) metodu ile gozlenen apoptotik degisiklikler arastirildi. Histopatolojik incelemede 4 hayvanda akut, 6 hayvanda da kronik nonpurulent ensefalitise ve demyelinasyona (hafif ve/veya orta siddette) ilgili bulgular gozlendi. Monoclonal canine distemper virus nucleoprotein serumu kullanilarak yapilan immunohistokimyasal boyamada demyelinize beyaz maddede, astrositlerde ve inkluzyon cisimciklerinde distemper virusu antijeni saptandi. Morfolojik olarak Cresyl violet boyamasinda, astrositlerde kromatinin kaba partikuller halinde cekirdek membranina yakin olarak toplandigi goruldu. TUNEL metodu ile yapilan boyamalarda ise akut olgularda daha yogun olmak uzere ozellikle demyelinize alanlarin etrafinda bulunan astrositlerde, daha nadir olarak da inkluzyon cisimciklerinde, gemistositik astrositlerde, Gitter hucrelerinde, granuler tabaka hucrelerinde ve perivaskuler mononuklear hucrelerde apoptotik degisiklikler saptandi
Inclusive Growth, Educational Attainment and Morbidity Rate in Papua Province

This study aims at determining inclusive growth and exploring the relationship between inclusive growth, educational attainment and morbidity rate in Papua province. This is due to the fact that Papua Province with special autonomy status attempts to catch up with economic growth from other provinces and increases income equity by focusing on education and health. This study exploits Social Mobility Curve (SMC) and Panel VAR to comprehend inclusive growth and determine the reciprocal relationship between Social Mobility Index, average years of schooling and morbidity rate in Papua Province in 2011-2016. Based on the results, there was economic growth in Papua Province which was still accompanied by an increase in income disparity, thus, it could be concluded that economic growth in Papua was still not inclusive. Regarding the results of the Panel VAR, there was no reciprocal relationship between the three variables with education and health having a positive and significant effect on inclusive growth. The positive influence of education and health is probably due to individual productivity and globalization factors. To increase inclusive growth, Papua Province is advised to improve student education so that later students most likely be more productive and get better jobs and salaries.
Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Harvested Rain Water Stored in Excavated Tanks in Rural Communities of Ogbadibo Area, North Central Nigeria

Bacteriological quality of harvested rain surface water stored in randomly selected 49 cased and 77 uncased excavated tanks in Ogbadibo area was assessed during the dry season of January to March 2011. Multiple-tube fermentation technique and biochemical tests for identification of bacteria were used. Forty five (91.8%) of cased and 75 (97.4%) of the uncased reservoir water were positive for coliform and non-coliform bacteria, giving a total of 120 (95.2%) out of 126 sampled. Contamination of the reservoirs by bacteria was high throughout the communities, ranging from 94.1% in Orokam to 96.9% in Owukpa. The water quality was bad with most probable number (MPN) index ranging from 28 to above 278. The bacterial species identified and the number of affected tanks were Enterobacter species in 104 (82.5%), Klebsiella species 83 (65.9%), Proteus species 72 (57.1%), Citrobacter species 66 (52.4%), Escherichia coli 29 (23.6%), Salmonella species 15 (11.9%) and Shigella species 11 (8.9%). Every reservoir was contaminated with at least 3 species of the identified bacteria. There is urgent need for public health education, reservoir design for cased elevation and encasement, and stored water treatment to prevent outbreak of water borne diseases. Keywords: Coliform bacteria, tube-fermentation technique, contamination, biochemical tests
Development and Application of Fluxomics Tools for Analyzing Metabolisms in Non-Model Microorganisms

of the Dissertation . ii Acknowledgements . v List of Tables . xiii List of Figures . xvi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Systems biology of microbial metabolism . 1 1.2 Constraint-based metabolic flux analysis . 2 1.3 13 C-based metabolic pathway and flux analysis . 3 1.4 Recent advances in fluxomics . 5 1.4. 1 Advances in constraint-based metabolic flux analysis . 6 1.4. 2 Advances in 13 C-based pathway and flux analysis . 6 1.4. 3 Advances in fluxomics software development . 7 1.5 Scope of dissertation . 8 1.6 References . 9 Chapter 2: Bridging the Gap between Fluxomics and Industrial Biotechnology . 15 2.1 Abstract . 16 2.2 Introduction . 17 2.3 Advances and limitations in metabolic flux analysis . 18 2.3. 1 Steady-state flux model . 18 2.3. 2 Metabolic control and dynamic flux analysis . 21
Karyotypes of Four Agamid Lizards from Southeast Asia

We karyotyped four lizards, Acanthosaura armata, Bronchocela cristatella, Calotes emma, and C. versicolor, all belonging to the tropical Asian clade of the family Agamidae. The karyotype of A. armata consisted of 12 metacentric macrochromosomes and 20 microchromosomes, whereas B. cristatella had 14 metacentric macrochromosomes and 20 microchromosomes. Except for the presence of 22 microchromosomes, the karyotypes of the two Calotes species were similar to that of A. armata. The 20 microchromosome state in the A. armata karyotype may have emerged in the ancestral lineage common to Gonocephalus robinsonii, whose karyotype also exhibits a 12M+20m format. Comparison of the present results with previously published information suggests the presence of cryptic taxonomic diversity in B. cristatella and C. versicolor.