Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal vibration control and innovization for rectangular plate

Vibration control of flexible structures has always been one of the most important issues and Among variant available control methods, active vibration control using piezoelectric sensors and actuators has become popular due to its high efficiency and flexibility for designing a control system. The main concern in designing a control system with piezoelectric patches is finding best position for patches. On the other hand, number of used sensors and actuators is another important issue which affects the costs of the project as well as the performance. The main goal of the present study is to control oscillation of a rectangular plate using minimum number of piezoelectric sensors and actuators (i.e., objective one) and finding their optimum placement to get the maximum possible performance (i.e., objective two); the mentioned two objectives are in conflict. The plate have been mathematically modeled using the Kirchhoff-Love theory. By considering the piezoelectric sensor-actuators effects, the control equation of the cantilever plate has been obtained. In order to find the optimum number and placement of the sensors and actuators, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) has been used and the objective functions have been defined based on maximization of observability and countability indexes of the cantilever plate. After conducting the optimization process, a few thumb rules have been extracted using the innovization technique. The results have been verified by implementing the designed controller using the optimum solution found by optimization method. The importance of the rules found by innovization technique have been illustrated in the numerical discussion.
Purification and Properties of TrwB , a Hexameric , ATP-binding Integral Membrane Protein Essential for R 388 Plasmid Conjugation

From the ‡Unidad de Biofı́sica (Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas-Universidad del Paı́s Vasco and Departamento de Bioquı́mica, Universidad del Paı́s Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologı́a, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas, Campus de CantoblancoUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, and ‡‡Departamento de Biologı́a Molecular (Unidad Asociada al Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC), Universidad de Cantabria, C/Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain
REALIZATION AND EXTENSIONS OF USER PROGRAMMABLE, SINGLE-LEVEL, DOUBLE-THRESHOLD GENERALIZED PERCEPTRON

The implementation of a perceptron that can classify data separable by two parallel hyper-planes or equivalently of a Single-Level TL-XOR gate is proposed using 10 MOS transistors and 2 capacitors. The functional subblock decomposition of the Perceptron with two separating hyper-planes, its CMOS implementation explaining the operation of each sub-block and simulation results, obtained using the SpectreS simulator and AMS 0.8mm CMOS double-poly double-metal technology parameters are presented. A brief outline of the two level CTL realization and its comparison with the new implementation are given as far as their transistor count, programmability and total delay are concerned. Key Words: Perceptron, Neural Networks, Threshold Logic, XOR Gate
Mediate Fast Synaptic Transmission in the Dorsal Horn of the Rat Spinal Cord

ATP has been proposed to mediate synaptic transmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn, particularly in the pathway carrying nociceptive information. Using transverse spinal cord slices from postnatal rats, we show that EPSCs mediated by P2X receptors, and presumably activated by synaptically released ATP, are evoked in a subpopulation of spinal cord lamina II neurons, a region known to receive strong input from nociceptive primary afferents. The P2X receptors on acutely dissociated dorsal horn neurons are nondesensitizing, insensitive to ab methylene ATP, and show strong but variable sensitivity to the antagonists suramin and pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl29,49-disulfonic acid (PPADS). These characteristics are consistent with a heterogeneous population of P2X receptors, the composition of which includes P2X2 , P2X4 , and P2X6 receptor subtypes. Our results suggest that ATP-activated P2X receptors in lamina II of the rat spinal cord may play a role in transmitting or modulating nociceptive information.
Rank priors for continuous non-linear dimensionality reduction

Discovering the underlying low-dimensional latent structure in high-dimensional perceptual observations (e.g., images, video) can, in many cases, greatly improve performance in recognition and tracking. However, non-linear dimensionality reduction methods are often susceptible to local minima and perform poorly when initialized far from the global optimum, even when the intrinsic dimensionality is known a priori. In this work we introduce a prior over the dimensionality of the latent space that penalizes high dimensional spaces, and simultaneously optimize both the latent space and its intrinsic dimensionality in a continuous fashion. Ad-hoc initialization schemes are unnecessary with our approach; we initialize the latent space to the observation space and automatically infer the latent dimensionality. We report results applying our prior to various probabilistic non-linear dimensionality reduction tasks, and show that our method can outperform graph-based dimensionality reduction techniques as well as previously suggested initialization strategies. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach when tracking and classifying human motion.
An output-sensitive algorithm for persistent homology

In this paper, we present the first output-sensitive algorithm to compute the persistence diagram of a filtered simplicial complex. For any Γ>0, it returns only those homology classes with persistence at least Γ. Instead of the classical reduction via column operations, our algorithm performs rank computations on submatrices of the boundary matrix. For an arbitrary constant δ ∈ (0,1), the running time is O(C(1-δ)ΓR(n)log n), where C(1-δ)Γ is the number of homology classes with persistence at least (1-δ)Γ, n is the total number of simplices, and R(n) is the complexity of computing the rank of an n x n matrix with O(n) nonzero entries. Depending on the choice of the rank algorithm, this yields a deterministic O(C(1-δ)Γn2. 376) algorithm, a O(C(1-δ)Γn2. 28) Las-Vegas algorithm, or a O(C(1-δ)Γn2+ε) Monte-Carlo algorithm for an arbitrary ε>0.
Interactive steering of mesh animations

Creating geometrically detailed mesh animations is an involved and resource-intensive process in digital content creation. In this work we present a method to rapidly combine available sparse motion capture data with existing mesh sequences to produce a large variety of new animations. The key idea is to model shape changes correlated to the pose of the animated object via a part-based statistical shape model. We observe that compact linear models suffice for a segmentation into nearly rigid parts. The same segmentation further guides the parameterization of the pose which is learned in conjunction with the marker movement. Besides the inherent high geometric detail, further benefits of the presented method arise from its robustness against errors in segmentation and pose parameterization. Due to efficiency of both learning and synthesis phase, our model allows to interactively steer virtual avatars based on few markers extracted from video data or input devices like the Kinect sensor.
Using the K-Nearest Neighbor Method and SMART Weighting in the Patent Document Categorization Subtask at NTCIR-6

Patent processing is important in industry, business, and law. We participated in the classification subtask (at NTCIR-6 Patent Retrieval Task), in which, we classified patent documents into their F-terms using the knearest neighbor method. For document classification, F-term categories are both very precise and useful. We entered five systems in the classification subtask and obtained good results with them. Thus, we confirmed the effectiveness of our method. By comparing various similarity calculation methods, we confirmed that the SMART weighting scheme was the most effective method in our experiments.
TISE: A Temporal Search Engine for Web Contents

In this paper, we present a temporal search engine supporting content time retrieval for Web pages, which is called TISE. The main purpose of TISE is to support the Web search on temporal information embedded in Web pages. Compared with commercial search engines such as Google and Baidu, and other temporal search prototypes, which mainly focus on the creation or crawled time of Web pages, our system concentrates on the extraction and search on content time of Web pages, and can provide more meaningful time-based search facilities, such as temporal relation query. In detail, TISE is based on a unified temporal ontology of Web pages, in which different types of time are defined. We introduce a new type of time ldquoprimary timerdquo to denote the most appropriate time describing the content of a Web page. After an overview of the general features of TISE, we discuss the architecture of TISE and some key modules. And finally, experiment results and analysis is conducted based on fix types of temporal-text queries on TISE and www.baidu. com. The experiment results show that TISE is more efficient when processing temporal-text Web queries.
Report of a Workshop on Future Directions in Programming Languages and Compilers

Purpose In January, 1993, a panel of experts in the area of programming languages and compilers met in a one and a half day workshop to discuss the future of research in that area. This paper is the report of their ndings. Its purposes are to explain the need for, and beneets of, research in this eld| both basic and applied; to broadly survey the various parts of the eld and indicate its general research directions; and to propose an initiative aimed at moving basic research results into wider use. 1 Steven Muchnick was unable to attend the meeting, but participated in its preparation and in the preparation of this report. Executive summary Programming languages are the machine tools of the computer age. The best of them are carefully designed and built to facilitate the construction of high-quality programs|the programs that underlie virtually all modern technology. Furthermore, some of the most widely-used programs in the world|programs such as Lotus 1-2-3{achieve a large measure of their power from integrated programming languages. Languages for a countless variety of tasks, such as design speciications, database constraints, page layout, and test-case generation, are designed and implemented continually. The eld of programming languages and compilers is the study of these languages and the software that implements them. Its goal is to gain basic knowledge about the design and implementation of languages that promote reliable and eecient programs and improve portability and programmer productivity. This report discusses the impact the eld has had, the scientiic knowledge it has produced, and the likely directions of future research in the area. It goes on to propose an initiative which would have the eeect of accelerating the transfer of basic knowledge about languages and compilers into other areas of science and industry. We summarize our ndings as follows: The impact of our research has been, and will continue to be, strongly felt throughout society. When well designed and implemented languages are used, our society gains in productivity and software quality. Our research is attempting to provide superior alternatives to the poorly designed languages too often used. A prime example is the rapidly growing use of object-oriented languages for the graphical user interfaces that have given such a huge impetus to the personal computer industry; these languages are the results of research going back to the mid{1960's. We take particular note of the fact that full-scale, general-purpose programming languages like …
Vectorized data processing on the cell broadband engine

In this work, we research the suitability of the Cell Broadband Engine for database processing. We start by outlining the main architectural features of Cell and use micro-benchmarks to characterize the latency and throughput of its memory infrastructure. Then, we discuss the challenges of porting RDBMS software to Cell: (i) all computations need to SIMD-ized, (ii) all performance-critical branches need to be eliminated, (iii) a very small and hard limit on program code size should be respected. While we argue that conventional database implementations, i.e. row-stores with Volcano-style tuple pipelining, are a hard fit to Cell, it turns out that the three challenges are quite easily met in databases that use column-wise processing. We managed to implement a proof-of-concept port of the vectorized query processing model of MonetDB/X100 on Cell by running the operator pipeline on the PowerPC, but having it execute the vectorized primitives (data parallel) on its SPE cores. A performance evaluation on TPC-H Q1 shows that vectorized query processing on Cell can beat conventional PowerPC and Itanium2 CPUs by a factor 20.
Structure-Based Selection of Small Molecules To Alter Allele-Specific MHC Class II Antigen Presentation

Class II major histocompatibility molecules are the primary susceptibility locus for many autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes. Human DQ8 and I-Ag7, in the NOD mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes, confers diabetes risk by modulating presentation of specific islet peptides in the thymus and periphery. We used an in silico molecular docking program to screen a large “druglike” chemical library to define small molecules capable of occupying specific structural pockets along the I-Ag7 binding groove, with the objective of influencing presentation to T cells of the autoantigen insulin B chain peptide consisting of amino acids 9–23. In this study we show, using both murine and human cells, that small molecules can enhance or inhibit specific TCR signaling in the presence of cognate target peptides, based upon the structural pocket targeted. The influence of compounds on the TCR response was pocket dependent, with pocket 1 and 6 compounds inhibiting responses and molecules directed at pocket 9 enhancing responses to peptide. At nanomolar concentrations, the inhibitory molecules block the insulin B chain peptide consisting of amino acids 9–23, endogenous insulin, and islet-stimulated T cell responses. Glyphosine, a pocket 9 compound, enhances insulin peptide presentation to T cells at concentrations as low as 10 nM, upregulates IL-10 secretion, and prevents diabetes in NOD mice. These studies present a novel method for identifying small molecules capable of both stimulating and inhibiting T cell responses, with potentially therapeutic applications.
Calibration and Performance of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Context Camera (CTX)

Background: The Context Camera (CTX) instrument aboard the NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft is a 5056-pixel CCD line-scan imager that uses pushbroom scanning along the direction of spacecraft motion to acquire ~30 km wide image strips at a spatial resolution of ~6 m/pixel from MRO's nominal circular polar orbit. We describe here the pre-flight and in-flight measurement, test, and validation activities and calibration pipeline algorithms that enable raw CTX data to be converted to absolute radiance on sensor, radiance factor, or estimated Lambert albedo. Results: The CTX CCD has a gain of 72.6±3.1 e/DN, a read noise of 66.0±2.5 e, a full well of 267,000±10,000 e, and a highly linear response. CCD bias levels are typically < 2% of the full 12bit range, and dark current is negligible at typical operating temperatures at Mars. Raw images exhibit flatfield variations of approximately ±20%, varying by less than ±1% during operations at Mars. The CTX spectral response profile has an effective band center of 611±189 nm. A correction for small geometric distortion has been derived. The CTX radiometric response coefficient is ~ 13.1 (DN/msec)/(W/m/micron/sr), with an estimated qualitative uncertainty of 10-20% based on comparisons of derived albedos of the same regions from different missions. In-flight tests reveal scattered light levels to be < 1% and stray light to be < 3-5% of on-axis signal levels. Overall, CTX performance has been stable over the course of the MRO Primary Science Phase and Extended Missions. As of early-2013, the instrument has mapped ~80% of Mars at a scale of ~6 m/pixel.
Improved a priori interconnect predictions and technology extrapolation in the GTX system

A priori interconnect prediction and technology extrapolation are closely intertwined. Interconnect predictions are at the core of technology extrapolation models of achievable system power, area density, and speed. Technology extrapolation, in turn, informs a priori interconnect prediction via models of interconnect technology and interconnect optimizations. In this paper, we address the linkage between a priori interconnect prediction and technology extrapolation in two ways. First, we describe how rapid changes in technology, as well as rapid evolution of prediction methods, require a dynamic and flexible framework for technology extrapolation. We then develop a new tool, the GSRC technology extrapolation system (GTX), which allows capture of such knowledge and rapid development of new studies. Second, we identify several "nontraditional" facets of interconnect prediction and quantify their impact on key technology extrapolations. In particular, we explore the effects of interconnect design optimizations such as shield insertion, repeater sizing and repeater staggering, as well as modeling choices for RLC interconnects.
Cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion is perturbed by v-src tyrosine phosphorylation in metastatic fibroblasts

Rat 3Y1 cells acquire metastatic potential when transformed with v-src, and this potential is enhanced by double transformation with v-src and v-fos (Taniguchi, S., T. Kawano, T. Mitsudomi, G. Kimura, and T. Baba. 1986. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 77:1193-1197). We compared the activity of cadherin cell adhesion molecules of normal 3Y1 cells with that of v-src transformed (SR3Y1) and v-src and v-fos double transformed (fosSR3Y1) 3Y1 cells. These cells expressed similar amounts of P-cadherin, and showed similar rates of cadherin-mediated aggregation under suspended conditions. However, the aggregates or colonies of these cells were morphologically distinct. Normal 3Y1 cells formed compacted aggregates in which cells are firmly connected with each other, whereas the transformed cells were more loosely associated, and could freely migrate out of the colonies. Overexpression of exogenous E-cadherin in these transformed cells had no significant effect on their adhesive properties. We then found that herbimycin A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, induced tighter cell-cell associations in the aggregates of the transformed cells. In contrast, vanadate, a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, inhibited the cadherin-mediated aggregation of SR3Y1 and fosSR3Y1 cells but had little effect on that of normal 3Y1 cells. These results suggest that v-src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation perturbs cadherin function directly or indirectly, and the inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation restores cadherin action to the normal state. We next studied tyrosine phosphorylation on cadherins and the cadherin- associated proteins, catenins. While similar amounts of catenins were expressed in all of these cells, the 98-kD catenin was strongly tyrosine phosphorylated only in SR3Y1 and fosSR3Y1 cells. Cadherins were also weakly tyrosine phosphorylated only in the transformed cells. The tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins was enhanced by vanadate, and inhibited by herbimycin A. Thus, the tyrosine phosphorylation of the cadherin-catenin system itself might affect its function, causing instable cell-cell adhesion.
Reaching every district (RED) approach to strengthen routine immunization services: evaluation in the African region, 2005.

BACKGROUND This evaluation was undertaken in 2005, in the African region, to better understand the reaching every district (RED) implementation process that provides a framework for strengthening immunization services at the district level. METHODS In June 2005, a convenience sample of five countries was selected to evaluate the implementation of RED. Evaluation teams consisting of key partners conducted site visits to the national, district and health facility levels using standardized qualitative questionnaires. RESULTS RED was implemented in a similar manner in all five countries, i.e. starting with training and micro-planning. All RED components were implemented to some degree in the countries. Common implementation factors included development of plans, expanding outreach services (defined as services provided in sites outside fixed immunization sites), planning of supervisory visits and efforts to link with communities and utilize community volunteers. Monitoring tools such as wall charts and maps were observed and reportedly used. CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of the RED implementation process provided evidence of improvement in delivery of routine immunization services. The RED framework should continue to be used to strengthen the immunization delivery system to meet continuing new demands, such as the introduction of new vaccines and integrated delivery of other child survival interventions.
Enhancing Medical Education by Improving Statistical Methodology in Journal Articles

Background: Medical journal articles often contain imprecise and inaccurate statistical methods and terminology that inhibit effective teaching and learning in medical education. Summary: Examples are used for ten flaws dealing with research design and methods and statistical analysis. Conclusions: If these inaccurate and inappropriate usages are avoided, teaching and learning in medical student and graduate medical education will be enhanced, and subsequently the health care of patients will be improved. The first step toward wisdom is knowing what the words mean. —Aristotle
ANTIDOTE: understanding and defending against poisoning of anomaly detectors

Statistical machine learning techniques have recently garnered increased popularity as a means to improve network design and security. For intrusion detection, such methods build a model for normal behavior from training data and detect attacks as deviations from that model. This process invites adversaries to manipulate the training data so that the learned model fails to detect subsequent attacks. We evaluate poisoning techniques and develop a defense, in the context of a particular anomaly detector - namely the PCA-subspace method for detecting anomalies in backbone networks. For three poisoning schemes, we show how attackers can substantially increase their chance of successfully evading detection by only adding moderate amounts of poisoned data. Moreover such poisoning throws off the balance between false positives and false negatives thereby dramatically reducing the efficacy of the detector. To combat these poisoning activities, we propose an antidote based on techniques from robust statistics and present a new robust PCA-based detector. Poisoning has little effect on the robust model, whereas it significantly distorts the model produced by the original PCA method. Our technique substantially reduces the effectiveness of poisoning for a variety of scenarios and indeed maintains a significantly better balance between false positives and false negatives than the original method when under attack.