Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of Adaptive Expertise and its integration within undergraduate engineering curricula

While engineering programs must continue to cover as much content knowledge as possible, they must also take an active role in developing the abilities of their graduates to successfully apply and extend the content knowledge that they have learned towards professional practice. As such, it is clearly necessary for schools to foster additional skills and attitudes that will better prepare students for careers as practicing engineers. Additionally, a change in focus from course-centric to student-centric learning affords the opportunity to critically address the question of the types of student growth that engineering programs should strive to develop. In this context, the concept of “adaptive expertise” has been previously developed within the field of undergraduate engineering education. An adaptive expert refers to an individual who possesses the content knowledge of an expert, but who in addition displays specific cognitive dispositions that augment and enhance their ability to effectively utilize their content knowledge in practice. Here we examine the different operational constructs for adaptive expertise that have been presented in the literature, discuss the application of measurement tools that have been proposed to characterize student growth in adaptive expertise, and present examples of curricular changes that have been proposed in the literature as a means to facilitate the growth of adaptive expertise in students. We then draw conclusions about how this survey of adaptive expertise may inform engineering educators who wish to adapt the explicit integration of adaptive expertise within the undergraduate engineering curriculum. This review suggests that adaptiveness is something that can be developed in students, that this adaptiveness leads to positive outcomes with respect to the learning and application of content knowledge, and that students who are more adaptive will be better prepared to tackle the challenges encountered by practicing engineers in the workplace.
Microscopic Imaging on Diesel Spray and Atomization Process

Improving diesel engine performance requires a comprehensive understanding of fuel atomization and air–fuel mixing within the combustion chamber. Numerous studies have been conducted to reduce emissions and enhance diesel engines. However, further investigation is required on the detailed diesel spray process. In this study, we adopted extinction measurement to analyze the effects of a fuel injection pressure range of 300 to 700 bar on spray morphology. For the extinction imaging setup, we utilized a high-intensity continuous LED source along with a diffuser to ensure uniform light distribution. The high-speed extinction and image processing results indicate that increasing the injection pressure from 300 to 700 bar effectively produced a smaller particulate size (15% reduction) and a better air–fuel mixing process. Especially at the end of injection, our results show smaller liquid ligaments (50% reduction) and droplets around the injector tip with higher injection pressure cases.
A New Diffusion Filtered-X Affine Projection Algorithm: Performance Analysis and Application in Windy Environment

Wind noise caused by turbulent flows over microphones usually has detrimental impacts on the reference signal of an active noise control (ANC) system and degrade its performance considerably. This paper evaluates the influence of wind noise on the filtered-x affine projection algorithm (FxAPA) for ANC systems. To improve the performance of noise control systems in windy environments, the FxAPA is modified based on a wind-noise-free least mean squares error and the diffusion control technology that could suppress interruptions in the collected primary noise. Performance analysis of the resulting de- regularized diffusion FxAPA (Diff-FxAPA) algorithm has been carried out at the presence of wind noise, which reveals the underlying mechanism of the new algorithm on suppressing the wind noise interruption. Difference equations describing the mean and mean squares convergence behaviors of this ANC system are derived to characterize its optimal solution, estimation bias and variance, and convergence conditions. Computer simulations with real-recorded data validate the theoretical analysis and show that the noise reduction performance of conventional ANC methods degrades with wind noise while the proposed algorithm has a stable performance under a variety of windy conditions.
Arctic layer salinity controls heat loss from deep Atlantic layer in seasonally ice‐covered areas of the Barents Sea

In the seasonally ice‐covered northern Barents Sea an intermediate layer of cold and relatively fresh Arctic Water at ~25–110 m depth isolates the sea surface and ice cover from a layer of warm and saline Atlantic Water below, a situation that resembles the cold halocline layer in the Eurasian Basin. The upward heat flux from the Atlantic layer is of major concern. What causes variations in the heat flux and how is the Arctic layer maintained? Using observations, we found that interannual variability in Arctic layer salinity determines the heat flux from the Atlantic layer through its control of stratification and vertical mixing. A relatively fresh Arctic layer effectively suppresses the upward heat flux, while a more saline Arctic layer enhances the heat flux. The corresponding upward salt flux causes a positive feedback. The Arctic layer salinity and the water column structures have been remarkably stable during 1970–2011.
The Effect of Bio-fertilizer on Soil Property and Fruit Quality of Red Fuji Apple

The effect of some kinds of organic fertilizers on soil property of apple orchard and fruit quality has been studied , the result shows that the bio-fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical character of soil and the soil fertility and increase fruit quality. Compared with the CK,by applying the bio-fertilizer, the volume weight of soil reduced by 12.5% , the soil pore space increased by 9.8%, the content of rapid available P, K and the total available N, P and gein in creased respectively by 47.8% ,77.1% ,35.7% ,65.0% ,75.8% ,and the rate of apples with good quality doubled.
Climate Considerations In Building And Urban Design

Thank you very much for downloading climate considerations in building and urban design. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this climate considerations in building and urban design, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their laptop.
Arecoline Induces ROS Accumulation, Transcription of Proinflammatory Factors, and Expression of KRT6 in Oral Epithelial Cells

Areca nut is a major contributor to the high prevalence of oral cancer in Asia. The precise mechanisms by which areca nut stimulates mucosal cells and contributes to the progression of oral cancer urgently require clarification. The current study aimed to assess the effects of arecoline on the normal human gingival epithelium cell line S-G. Cell viability, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein expression, cellular morphology, and gene expression were evaluated using the MTT test, flow cytometry, Western blot analysis, optical or confocal microscopy, and RT-qPCR. Keratin (KRT6) analysis involved matched normal and cancer tissues from clinical head and neck specimens. The results demonstrated that 12.5 µg/mL of arecoline induced ROS production, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression in S-G cells. This activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway increased KRT6 expression while limiting cell migration. In head and neck cancer tissues, KRT6B gene expression exceeded that of normal tissues. This study confirms that arecoline induces ROS accumulation in normal cells, leading to the secretion of proinflammatory factors and KRT6 expression. This impedes oral mucosal healing, thereby promoting the progression of oral cancer.
Source Parameters of Repeating Microseismic Events During Hydraulic Fracturing Operations

A complete microseismic event catalog with accurate source parameters can lead to a more thorough understanding of the temporal and spatial variation of stress during hydraulic fracturing operations. We detect, locate, and characterize repeating microseismic events by determining their source parameters such as magnitude, stress drop, and rupture size, and analyze the continuous microseismic data recorded by one borehole array during a hydraulic injection process. With an existing microseismic event catalog, we first re-calculate accurate moment magnitude and stress drop using estimated source spectra for all events. In addition, we detect and locate smaller events that show only clear S-wave arrivals using a templatematching and waveform cross-correlation technique to identify repeating microseismic activities. We obtain the template waveforms by stacking similar waveforms from repeating microseismic families. Among the ~1300 re-computed events, the moment magnitude calculated from the Pand S-waves spectra analysis ranges between Mw −1.5 and −3.5. These events are located within a 700m by 200m area as much as 250m deep. Our results indicate a fault radius on the order of one to six meters and fault slip between 10−5 to 10−3 cm around the fracturing region. In addition, using a matching-filter technique, we detect and locate low signalto-noise ratio events that we consider repeating microseismic events. Our observations indicate that most repeating families occur at later times in shallower layers. Also, we observe a strong magnitude dependence of the stress drop, with larger magnitude events exhibiting significantly greater stress drops than smaller ones, in contrast to tectonic events in California or Japan. Our estimations of source parameters provide a key to a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between hydraulic fracturing and microseismic activity.
Pliocene-Pleistocene Aragonite Cyclic Variations in Holes 714A and 716B (the Maldives) Compared with Hole 633A (the Bahamas): Records of Climate-Induced CaCO3 Preservation at Intermediate Water Depths

Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 115 post-cruise research was focused on two Maldives sites, more precisely on the top 108 m of Hole 716B (water depth, 540 m), equivalent to the past 3.5 m.y. , and the top 19.5 m of Hole 714A (water depth, 2195 m), equivalent to the past 0.55 m.y. These sediments consist of mostly unaltered and undisturbed, turbidite-free, periplatform ooze. Results of our research are compared with existing data on Hole 633A (water depth, 1681 m), drilled in the Bahamas during ODP Leg 101, using age/depth models built on the basis of oxygen isotope, nannofossil, and magnetic stratigraphies. Climate-induced, long-term (roughly 0.5 m.y.) aragonite cycles, superposed on short-term (roughly 0.04 and 0.1 m.y.) aragonite cycles, have been established at least during the past 2.0 m.y. , in the Maldives and the Bahamas. Our most interesting result is the clear correlation among the aragonite long-term cycles in the Maldives and the Bahamas and the carbonate-preservation, long-term cycles from the open Pacific, Indian, and North Atlantic oceans. The midBrunhes dissolution interval, corresponding to the youngest preservation minima of the carbonate-preservation, longterm cycles, is clearly defined by fine aragonite minimum values in the deep periplatform sites, and by maximum fragmentation of pteropod tests in the shallow sites. Aragonite and planktonic 5O records, usually in phase during the late Pleistocene, display, further back in time, discreet intervals where the two records do not match with one another. Major mismatches between both records occur synchronously in the Maldives and Bahamas periplatform sites and seem to correspond to extreme events of either carbonate-preservation or dissolution in the deep pelagic carbonate sites of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Based on our findings, shortand long-term aragonite cycles can no longer be explained only by variations of aragonite input from the nearby shallow carbonate banks, in response to their alternate flooding and exposure through cyclic sea-level fluctuations. The aragonite long-term cycles in the periplatform environments are interpreted as carbonatepreservation cycles at intermediate-water depths. Their occurrence shows, therefore, that the carbonate chemistry of the entire water column has been influenced by long-term (0.5 m.y.) cyclic variations during the past 2.0 m.y. These major changes of the water-column carbonate chemistry are linked to the climate-induced carbon cycling among the different atmospheric, oceanic, and sedimentary carbon reservoirs.
The Glymphatic Response to the Development of Type 2 Diabetes

The glymphatic system has recently been shown to be important in neurological diseases, including diabetes. However, little is known about how the progressive onset of diabetes affects the glymphatic system. The aim of this study is to investigate the glymphatic system response to the progressive onset of diabetes in a rat model of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Male Wistar rats (n = 45) with and without diabetes were evaluated using MRI glymphatic tracer kinetics, functional tests, and brain tissue immunohistochemistry. Our data demonstrated that the contrast agent clearance impairment gradually progressed with the diabetic duration. The MRI data showed that an impairment in contrast clearance occurred prior to the cognitive deficits detected using functional tests and permitted the detection of an early DM stage compared to the immuno-histopathology and cognitive tests. Additionally, the quantitative MRI markers of brain waste clearance demonstrated region-dependent sensitivity in glymphatic impairment. The improved sensitivity of MRI markers in the olfactory bulb and the whole brain at an early DM stage may be attributed to the important role of the olfactory bulb in the parenchymal efflux pathway. MRI can provide sensitive quantitative markers of glymphatic impairment during the progression of DM and can be used as a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of DM with a potential for clinical application.
Genome-wide analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes in Aquilaria species and insight into ROS-mediated metabolites biosynthesis and resin deposition

Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a defense response during biotic and abiotic stress. In Aquilaria plants, wounding and fungal infection result in biosynthesis and deposition of secondary metabolites as defense responses, which later form constituents of fragrant resinous agarwood. During injury and fungal invasion, Aquilaria tree generates ROS species via the Rboh enzymes. Despite the implication of Rboh genes in agarwood formation, no comprehensive genomic-level study of the Rboh gene family in Aquilaria is present. A systematic illustration of their role during stress and involvement in initiating signal cascades for agarwood metabolite biosynthesis is missing. In this study, 14 Rboh genes were retrieved from genomes of two Aquilaria species, A. agallocha and A. sinensis, and were classified into five groups. The promoter regions of the genes had abundant of stress-responsive elements. Protein–protein network and in silico expression analysis suggested their functional association with MAPK proteins and transcription factors such as WRKY and MYC2. The study further explored the expression profiles of Rboh genes and found them to be differentially regulated in stress-induced callus and stem tissue, suggesting their involvement in ROS generation during stress in Aquilaria. Overall, the study provides in-depth insight into two Rboh genes, AaRbohC and AaRbohA, highlighting their role in defense against fungal and abiotic stress, and likely during initiation of agarwood formation through modulation of genes involved in secondary metabolites biosynthesis. The findings presented here offer valuable information about Rboh family members, which can be leveraged for further investigations into ROS-mediated regulation of agarwood formation in Aquilaria species.
Antibiotic resistance of Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica isolates from chickens

Abstract Introduction Gallibacterium anatis is an opportunistic bacteria inducing a range of clinical signs in poultry. Gallibacterium anatis strains show multidrug resistance to antibacterial substances. The purpose of this study was to examine the susceptibility of G. anatis biovar haemolytica isolates collected from the respiratory, reproduction and gastrointestinal tracts of chickens to different antibiotics from various classes. Material and Methods Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica was identified in tracheal swab and gastrointestinal and reproductive tract tissue samples from Polish layer and broiler chicken flocks. Twenty six isolates with β-haemolysis capability, each from a different flock, obtained from the respiratory (n = 8), reproductive (n = 10) and gastrointestinal (n = 8) tracts were selected and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation–time-of-flight mass spectrometry after culturing. A PCR method targeting the 16S genes was used for verification of isolates. The isolates’ susceptibility to 20 antimicrobials was evaluated using the disc diffusion method for 8 drugs and the dilution method for the other 12. In addition, they were tested for the presence of the GtxA, gyrB and flfA virulence genes and blaROB, aphA, tetB and tetH antibiotic resistance genes by PCR. Results The most prevalent antibiotic resistance was to tilmicosin, tylosin and quinupristin/dalfopristin (all 100%), erythromycin (96.2%), tetracycline (96.2%), linezolid (92.3%) and teicoplanin (92.3%). Universal susceptibility was to only one antibiotic, chloramphenicol. Statistically significant differences were found between the resistance of gastrointestinal tract strains and that of strains from other tracts to daptomycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and colistin. The GtxA and gyrB genes were detected in 100% of isolates and flfA in 19.2%. The isolates most frequently contained tetB and less frequently tetH and aphA, and did not contain blaROB. Conclusion Most G. anatis biovar haemolytica isolates were resistant to many classes of antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary and important to be vigilant for the occurrence of these bacteria and thorough in their diagnosis.
The Predictive Content of Climate Anomalies for Agricultural Production: Does ENSO Really Matter?

While the production effect of El Nino and its counterpart – La Nina – is well documented, many of the previous studies apply binary variables (e.g., for El Nino and La Nina events) to analyze the relationship, and, moreover, much of their conclusions rely on in-sample fit and test statistics. In this study, we extend previous literature by examining the effect of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on U.S. corn production in an out-of-sample setting. In so doing, we incorporate weather variables, such as degree days and precipitation in the analysis, to investigate the trade-off between model uncertainty and parameter uncertainty. We find that ENSO likely impacts U.S. corn production though extreme degree days. This is particularly true for Counties in the southern Corn Belt as well as corn-growing Counties in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions. In many instances, however, more accurate forecasts are obtained when the ENSO effect on corn yields is modeled directly.
Student Understanding Of The Independent Campus Learning Program And Its Relevance To Strengthening Soft Skills As Professional Teachers

The introduction of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka program motivates students to excel in various knowledge domains within their respective fields of expertise, thereby preparing them to compete both nationally and globally. This study aims to investigate students' perceptions of the MBKM program and evaluate its contribution to enhancing students' soft skills as future educators. The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach, with data collected through interviews and observations. Data analysis follows Miles & Huberman's framework, involving data reduction, presentation, and verification. The findings of this research indicate that students possess a comprehensive understanding of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka program. Furthermore, it demonstrates that students firmly believe in the program's significant relevance in nurturing their soft skills, particularly in areas such as responsibility, discipline, self-reliance, diligence, self-assurance, and teamwork. Consequently, it is apparent that the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka program plays a pivotal role in molding students into competent future educators.
Apparently X-linked Foveal Hypoplasia of Two Brothers: A Report of a Rare Case

Foveal hypoplasia is a retinal disorder characterized by the anatomic absence of the foveal pit. It might be isolated or associated with poor vision and several conditions such as albinism, aniridia, microphthalmos, congenital nystagmus, or other diseases. Genetic and non-genetic causes can play a role in foveal pit development. However, the exact mechanism that causes foveal pit absence has not been determined. This study reports a five-year-old boy who presented to the eye clinic with bilateral poor vision since birth. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed and confirmed the absence of the foveal pit in both eyes. Diagnosis of foveal hypoplasia was made. The parents reported a positive family history of similar conditions, specifically, a paternal grandfather, a male paternal cousin, and a brother. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of foveal hypoplasia, with a positive family history in the male gender specifically. Thus, inheritance is presumed to be X-linked recessive. We acknowledge that further investigation by genetic testing would offer further insight into this case.
Utilization of
 Bidens pilosa
 var.
 radiata
 (Sch. Bip.) Sherff integrated with water irrigation for paddy weed control and rice yield production

The application of allelopathic plant materials combined with an agricultural production method is a concept that can be used to manage weeds during rice production. This research investigated the effects of the utilization of Bidens pilosa var. radiata integrated with water irrigation for weed control and rice production. B. pilosa and water extract exerted more toxic-ity against Echinochloa crus-galli than the extracted residue applied at the same rates, suggesting that weed control was caused by compounds extracted from B. pilosa . The changes in water properties after the application of B. pilosa were explored. Dissolved oxygen was rapidly reduced after application and then slowly increased within 3 – 5 days after application (DAA), while the pH also decreased at the early stage and then increased back to normal values within 1 – 3 DAA. Electrical conductivity increased with increasing rates of application, suggesting that allelochemicals were released from B. pilosa . The concept was studied under ﬁ eld conditions. B. pilosa was applied along with irrigation at 7 days after sowing (DAS) on a direct wet seed system. The results showed that application rates of 2, 4 and 6 tons ha − 1 decreased the number of weeds by 52.16, 86.73 and 95.18% at 30 DAA and reduced dried weight of weeds by 17.65, 34.69 and 86.82%, respectively. The rice yield showed an increase of 72.73, 81.03 and 73.66% when compared with the nonweeded crop, while herbicide treatment increased by 84.68%. The ﬁ ndings demonstrate that the application of B. pilosa integrated with water irrigation was able to control weeds in a direct seeded rice production system.
Leaf Oil Composition of Piper aduncum subsp. ossanum (C. CD.) Saralegui from Cuba

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Piper aduncum subsp. ossanum (C. CD.) Saralegui from Cuba was studied by GC and GC/MS. Eighty-three compounds were identified, of which the major were camphor (18.1%) and camphene (15.6%).