Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MYC activation and BCL2L11 silencing by a tumour virus through the large-scale reconfiguration of enhancer-promoter hubs

Lymphomagenesis in the presence of deregulated MYC requires suppression of MYC-driven apoptosis, often through downregulation of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11 gene (Bim). Transcription factors (EBNAs) encoded by the lymphoma-associated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activate MYC and silence BCL2L11. We show that the EBNA2 transactivator activates multiple MYC enhancers and reconfigures the MYC locus to increase upstream and decrease downstream enhancer-promoter interactions. EBNA2 recruits the BRG1 ATPase of the SWI/SNF remodeller to MYC enhancers and BRG1 is required for enhancer-promoter interactions in EBV-infected cells. At BCL2L11, we identify a haematopoietic enhancer hub that is inactivated by the EBV repressors EBNA3A and EBNA3C through recruitment of the H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2. Reversal of enhancer inactivation using an EZH2 inhibitor upregulates BCL2L11 and induces apoptosis. EBV therefore drives lymphomagenesis by hijacking long-range enhancer hubs and specific cellular co-factors. EBV-driven MYC enhancer activation may contribute to the genesis and localisation of MYC-Immunoglobulin translocation breakpoints in Burkitt's lymphoma. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.18270. 001
Mechanical Thrombectomy Is a Tolerable Risk in Patients Undergoing Emergency Conversion to General Anesthesia

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke is performed with the patient under local anesthesia, conscious sedation, or general anesthesia. According to recent trials, up to 16% of patients require emergency conversion to general anesthesia during mechanical thrombectomy. This study investigated the procedural and clinical outcomes after emergency conversion in comparison with local anesthesia, conscious sedation, and general anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 254 patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute large-vessel occlusion. The procedure was started with the patient either under local anesthesia, conscious sedation, or general anesthesia. Emergency conversion was de ﬁ ned as induction of general anesthesia during mechanical thrombectomy. The primary outcomes were successful reperfusion (TICI 2b/3) and functional independence (mRS at 90days, # 2). RESULTS: Twenty-ﬁ ve patients (9.8%) required emergency conversion to general anesthesia. The time from admission to ﬂ ow restoration was increased under general anesthesia (median, 137minutes) and emergency conversion (median, 138minutes) compared with local anesthesia (median 110minutes). After adjustment for confounders, emergency conversion to general anesthesia and primary general anesthesia had comparable chances of successful reperfusion (OR = 1.28; 95% CI, 0.31 – 5.25). Patients with emergency conversion had a tendency toward higher chances of functional independence (OR= 4.48; 95% CI, 0.49 – 40.86) compared with primary general anesthesia, but not compared with local anesthesia (OR= 0.86; 95% CI, 0.14 – 5.11) and conscious sedation (OR= 1.07; 95% CI, 0.17 – 6.53). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with emergency conversion did not have lower chances of successful reperfusion or functional independence compared those with primary general anesthesia, and time to ﬂ ow restoration was also similar. We found no evidence supporting the primary induction of general anesthesia in patients at risk for emergency conversion.
Effect of Age on the Structural Strength of Timbers Commonly Used in Nigeria

Timber is a material used for structural purposes in construction. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the characteristics of timber, particularly its strength and the factors that in�uence it. In this study, timbers studied were Brachystegia eurycoma (Eku), Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sapele) and Gmelina Arborea (Melina). A personal visit to the forest where they were freshly retrieved allowed for the collection of samples of timber from varied ages. By counting the number of annual growth rings, which are a combination of early wood and late wood, it was possible to establish the age of the wood. The acquired samples were cut to standard sizes in accordance with BS 373 1957 (Imprint 1999), 20mm X 20mm X 60mm for determining the maximum compressive strength parallel to grain, 20mm X 20mm X 300mm for determining the bending strength, and 20mm X 20mm X 20mm for static stress strength. Results obtained showed that Eku is better in compressive strength and Sapele is worthier in bending strength. The maximum compressive strength value was 49.31kN/m 2 (at 45years), 45.89kN/m 2 (at 60years) and 11.30kN/m 2 (at 25years), maximum bending strength were 187.55kN/m 2 (at 35years), 278.79kN/m 2 (at 70years) and 176.36kN/m 2 (at 20years) and shear strength were 10.05kN/m 2 (at 50years), 9.22kN/m 2 (at 70years) and 10.91kN/m 2 (at 25years) for Eku, Sapele and Melina timbers respectively. In conclusion, it was determined that the strength of wood is in�uenced by the age of the wood.
A multi-brain mechanism for observational threat learning

Survival and adaptation in environments require swift and e�cacious learning about what is dangerous. Across species, much of such threat learning is acquired socially, for example, through the observation of others’ (“demonstrators’”) defensive behaviors. However, the speci�c mechanisms responsible for the integration of information �owing between demonstrators and observers remain largely unknown. We addressed this dearth of knowledge by sequentially performing magnetoencephalography (MEG) imaging in demonstrator-observer dyads: a set of stimuli were �rst shown to a demonstrator whose defensive responses were �lmed and later presented to an observer, with neuronal activity recorded from both individuals. Observers exhibited successful learning, as revealed by physiological responses and computational modeling. Sensor-and source-level results consistently demonstrated brain-to-brain coupling (BtBC) within demonstrator-observer dyads. Strikingly, BtBC in the fronto-limbic circuit (including insula, ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) predicted ensuing learning outcomes (i.e., conditioned responses). A machine learning algorithm revealed that the predictive power of BtBC on learning was magni�ed when a threat was imminent to the demonstrator. BtBC depended on how observers perceived their social status relative to the demonstrator, and was likely to be driven by shared attention and emotion, as bolstered by dyadic pupillary coupling. Taken together, our study describes a multi-brain mechanism for social threat learning, involving BtBC, which re�ects social relationships and predicts adaptive learned behaviors.
Insulin Resistance and Altered Systemic Glucose Metabolism in Mice Lacking Nur77

OBJECTIVE Nur77 is an orphan nuclear receptor with pleotropic functions. Previous studies have identified Nur77 as a transcriptional regulator of glucose utilization genes in skeletal muscle and gluconeogenesis in liver. However, the net functional impact of these pathways is unknown. To examine the consequence of Nur77 signaling for glucose metabolism in vivo, we challenged Nur77 null mice with high-fat feeding. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Wild-type and Nur77 null mice were fed a high-fat diet (60% calories from fat) for 3 months. We determined glucose tolerance, tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, oxygen consumption, muscle and liver lipid content, muscle insulin signaling, and expression of glucose and lipid metabolism genes. RESULTS Mice with genetic deletion of Nur77 exhibited increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies revealed greater high-fat diet–induced insulin resistance in both skeletal muscle and liver of Nur77 null mice compared with controls. Loss of Nur77 expression in skeletal muscle impaired insulin signaling and markedly reduced GLUT4 protein expression. Muscles lacking Nur77 also exhibited increased triglyceride content and accumulation of multiple even-chained acylcarnitine species. In the liver, Nur77 deletion led to hepatic steatosis and enhanced expression of lipogenic genes, likely reflecting the lipogenic effect of hyperinsulinemia. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data demonstrate that loss of Nur77 influences systemic glucose metabolism and highlight the physiological contribution of muscle Nur77 to this regulatory pathway.
Estimating gradients of physical fields in space

Abstract. This study focuses on the development of a multi-point technique for future constellation missions, aiming to measure gradients at various orders, in particular the linear and quadratic gradients, of a general field. It is well established that, in order to estimate linear gradients, the spacecraft must not lie on a plane. Through analytical exploration within the framework of least squares, it is demonstrated that at least 10 spacecraft that do not lie on any quadric surface are required to estimate both linear and quadratic gradients. The spatial arrangement of the spacecraft can be characterized by a set of quality factors. In cases where there is poor temporal synchronization among the spacecraft leading to non-simultaneous measurements, temporal gradients must be included. If the spacecraft have multiple velocities, by incorporating temporal gradients it is possible to reduce the number of required spacecraft. Furthermore, it is proved that the accuracy of the linear gradient is of second order and that of the quadratic gradient is of first order. Additionally, a method for estimating errors in the calculation is also illustrated.
Social Media Sentiment and Stock Return: A Signalling Theory Social Media Sentiment and Stock Return: A Signalling Theory Explanation for Application of the Natural Langrage Processing Explanation for Application of the Natural Langrage Processing Approaches Approaches

Social media, especially microblogs, have potentials to develop unavoidable factors in investment decision-making, because of its use for capturing human sentiment. In this paper, by applying signaling theory and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique, we concern social media sentiment as a signal to stock return which is based on human the sentiment, which may lead to price fluctuation in the market. We take the strength of signal into consideration, introducing the sentiment of traditional media to compare with social media sentiment in different industry. The empirical result of this paper will prove the relationship between social media sentiment and stock return. It will also reflect on analyzing the changes of stock price given different strength of signals in both positive and negative way. The entire study will be viewed as a guideline for investors to filter and smartly use the huge numbers of information when making investment decision.
Differential expression of GDF9 in mature follicles associating with different phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Herein, we aimed to screen GDF9 of mature follicles in women with differentPCOS phenotypesundergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COS) and analyse the correlation between GDF9 expression levels and the oocyte developmental ability. In this study, we compared the level of GDF9 in follicular �uid (FF) and cumulus cells(CCs) of mature follicles collecting from different PCOS phenotypes. The indenpendent effect of GDF9 on blastocyst formation and clinical pregnancy was determined by Binary Logistic Regression analysis. The GDF9 levels in FF for phenotype A and B were signi�cantly increased, compared to the phenotype D, (P=0.019, P=0.0015, respectively). Increased GDF9 expression in CCs of phenotype A and B was accompanied by the changes of FF. The analysis of the multivariable logistic regression showed that GDF9 was a signi�cant independent prognosticator of blastocyst formation(P(cid:0)0.001). The phenotype A had a higher percent of blastocyst formation than the phenotype B and D (P(cid:0)0.001). Taken together, GDF9 expression varied in different PCOS phenotypes. The phenotype A had a higher GDF9 level and even more ability of blastocyst formation.
Culture Differences and Tax Morale in the United States and Europe

In recent years much research has investigated whether values, social norms, and attitudes differ across countries and whether these differences have measurable effects on economic behavior. One area in which such studies are particularly relevant is tax compliance, given both the noted differences across countries in their levels of tax compliance and the marked inability of standard economic models of taxpayer compliance to explain these differences. In the face of these difficulties, many researchers have suggested that the intrinsic motivation for individuals to pay taxes – what is sometimes termed their “tax morale” – differs across countries. However, isolating the reasons for these differences in tax morale is notoriously difficult. In a common approach, studies sometimes referred to as “cultural studies” have often relied upon controlled laboratory experiments conducted in different countries because such experiments can be set up with identical experimental protocols to allow cultural effects to be isolated. In this paper we first analyze a cross-section of individuals in Spain and the United States using the World Values Survey (WVS). In line with previous experiments, our findings indicate a significantly higher tax morale in the United States than in Spain, controlling in a multivariate analysis for additional variables. We then extend our multivariate analysis to include 14 European countries in the estimations. Our results again indicate that the United States has the highest tax morale across all countries, followed by Austria and Switzerland. We also find a strong negative correlation between the size of shadow economy and the degree of tax morale in those countries.
, BOUNDEDLY a-COMPLETE BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS AND APPLICATIONS TO OPERATOR THEORY

A systematic study is made of spectral measures in locally convex spaces which are countably additive for the topology of uniform convergence on bounded sets, briefly, the bounded convergence topology. Even though this topology is not compatible for the duality with respect to the pointwise convergence topology it turns out, somewhat surprisingly, that the corresponding L'-spaces for the spectral measure are isomorphic as vector spaces. This fact, together with I. Kluvanek's notion of closed vector measure (suitably developed in our particular setting) makes it possible to extend to the setting of locally convex spaces a classical result of W. Bade. Namely, it is shown that if B is a Boolean algebra which is complete (with respect to the bounded convergence topology) in Bade's sense, then the closed operator algebras generated by B with respect to the bounded convergence topology and the pointwise convergence topology coincide.
Learning to Explain Selectively: A Case Study on Question Answering

Accessible Abstract: Many AI methods are a black box: input goes in, predictions come out. While there are many AI explanation tools that you can add to these predictions, how do you know if they are any good. In this work presented at EMNLP, if you put a human in front of a AI that’s trying to answer questions, our hypothesis is that you can measure how good the underlying explanations are by how much the human’s score goes up. This 2022 EMNLP publication not just measures which combinations of explanations are most eﬀective for an individual. We use bandit exploration to quickly ﬁgure out what set of explanations best help a speciﬁc user.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND THE PERFORMANCE OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The major challenge that, the Higher Education Institutions (HEI)s are facing, at present time, is the unproductive management of information, therefor the implementation of Knowledge Management System (KMS) becomes a must to provide many profits to students and lecturers with updated information as well as documented records as an evidence that reflects the process of improving of the whole performance sooner or later. Instead of manually controlling the information process, the dynamic development of ICT has made it possible for HEIs to adapt their processes to be electronic-based. One system that gives this issue a lot of thought is KMS, but because users have refused to use it, it hasn't been widely embraced. This paper will shade lights on the effective factors of the decision adaptation-rejection of KMS. This study is a collective one, provides a serious review of the related lecture regarding this issue. Based on interviews that had been conducted previously and hosted KMS experts from many prestigious and important institutions. They focused on eleven factors that play a great rule in making the decision of the implementation of KMS, as suggested by the literature review and technological adoption theories. Experts have validated these factors and put them in ranks. From these results, a comprehensive integrated implementation conceptual model of KMS that developed to serve the Iraqi HEIs and lead the performance to the next level by the adoption of technology
Hypertension control and its relationship with cognitive impairment among adults aged 45 to 80 in China

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the control of hypertension and its association with cognitive impairment in Chinese adults aged 45-80 years. Using cross-sectional surveys conducted in Shanghai and Guizhou from 2019-2021, 9,688 eligible subjects were eventually included. After analyzing the data using statistical methods such as unconditional logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS), we found that severe blood pressure was positively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment. There was no significant association between mild/moderate BP and the risk of cognitive impairment. Moreover, diastolic blood pressure was significantly positively correlated with cognitive impairment. The restricted cubic spline model (RCS) results showed that the associations with cognitive impairment seem to be U-shaped for SBP and linear for DBP. In conclusion, this study shows that uncontrolled hypertension is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and that the risk of cognitive impairment increases as diastolic blood pressures continue continues to rise.
Variant-Specific Landscape of Mutual Exclusivity Among BRAF, EGFR, and KRAS Oncogenes in Human Cancer

In this cross-sectional study, we report the findings of our investigation into the mutual exclusivity (ME) and co-occurrence (CO) patterns of BRAF, KRAS, and EGFR mutations in human cancer. Our analysis acknowledges previously overlooked mutational subtypes with distinct clinical implications. Creating an automated R framework, we analyzed mutation data from 64807 unique cBioPortal samples, 1570 cell lines, and 2714 unique Belgian cancer samples. Consistently, across all three datasets, we observe that co-occurrence is less likely among class I BRAF, Hydrolysis KRAS, and Classical-like EGFR mutations. Bilateral variant-assigned CO matrices uncover novel inter-class and inter-type CO and ME scenarios, encompassing conventional and atypical mutations. Besides Class I BRAF, various mutation classes exhibit diverse CO patterns, justifying the need to refine mutational classifications. We provide a variant-specific database for precision oncology showcasing ME among three actionable oncogenes. These findings may guide the discovery of novel synthetically lethal interactions for targeted cancer therapy
Towards more precise sugar beet management based on geostatistical analysis of spatial variability within fields

Within-field variation in sugar beet yield and quality was investigated in three commercial sugar beet fields in the east of England to identify the main associated variables and to examine the possibility of predicting yield early in the season with a view to spatially variable management of sugar beet crops. Irregular grid sampling with some purposively-located nested samples was applied. It revealed the spatial variability in each sugar beet field efficiently. In geostatistical analyses, most variograms were isotropic with moderate to strong spatial dependency indicating a significant spatial variation in sugar beet yield and associated growth and environmental variables in all directions within each field. The Kriged maps showed spatial patterns of yield variability within each field and visual association with the maps of other variables. This was confirmed by redundancy analyses and Pearson correlation coefficients. The main variables associated with yield variability were soil type, organic matter, soil moisture, weed density and canopy temperature. Kriged maps of final yield variability were strongly related to that in crop canopy cover, LAI and intercepted solar radiation early in the growing season, and the yield maps of previous crops. Therefore, yield maps of previous crops together with early assessment of sugar beet growth may make an early prediction of within-field variability in sugar beet yield possible. The Broom’s Barn sugar beet model failed to account for the spatial variability in sugar yield, but the simulation was greatly improved when corrected for early canopy development cover and when the simulated yield was adjusted for weeds and plant population. Further research to optimize inputs to maximise sugar yield should target the irrigation and fertilizing of areas within fields with low canopy cover early in the season.
Geodynamic evolution of the Pan-African belt in central Africa with special reference to Cameroon

The Pan-African belt in central Africa has benefited from the many petrographic, structural, and geochronological studies in the recent years that have improved our understanding of the belt. However, those studies have also produced various and often divergent evolutionary models for the belt, some of which do not even involve well-defined cratons. Following a review of the available data in Cameroon, we propose a model of continentcontinent collision that involved the Congo craton and the north-central Cameroon active margin showing Archean to Paleoproterozoic inheritances. This model is based, among others, on (i) the prominent role of the Congo craton as demonstrated by the regional extension of external nappes on its northern edge and the concomitant exhumation of the 620 Ma granulitic rocks believed to have formed at the root of the collision zone, and (ii) the late development of a strike slip fault system in central Cameroon as the result of horizontal movement following the multistage collision.