Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Accordance with Governmental Recommendations--A Study of Golf and Health

Norwegian authorities recommend that adults and elderly people be physically active for at least 30 min every day at moderate to high levels of intensity. This is equivalent to approximately 10,000 steps a day. This research study seeks to determine whether golf is beneficial to individual health as defined by the governmental recommendations. The study included 29 participants, whose heart rate, playing time, and walked distance were measured as they carried a GPS (global position system) receiver. Male players walked on average 11,256 ± 830 m while female players walked on average 10,000 ± 595 m. Thus, men tended to walk 1.98 times the course length while women walked 2.13 times the course length. The duration of the golf round averaged 269 ± 25.4 min (i.e., 4 h 29 min); for men, the mean duration was 271 min, and for women, it was 267 min. The average heart rate was 104.1 ± 14.5 bpm for male players and 110.8 ± 16.9 bpm for the female players. Based on the energy expenditure in kcal on the golf course, male players used 2,467 kcal on average while female players used 1,587 kcal on average during a round of golf. Comparing the hilliness of two different golf courses, it indicated that golf playing could be a form of interval training. Our results strongly indicate that golf is beneficial to health as defined in the governmental recommendations.
Has this large number of performance measurement publications contributed to its better understanding? A systematic review for research and applications

This paper uses a systematic review to answer two research questions: (1) has this large number of performance measurement systems (PMS) publications contributed to a better understanding of performance measurement? and (2) what would a better understanding of PMS lead us to? This paper found that the field has not evolved substantially for the past 30 years. While various PMS are discussed and proposed, there are many instances of a common ground on what were discussed but in a few instances, there is little to no agreement concerning the activities and characteristics used to describe them, and there is also a great deal of overlap in the meaning of definitions and terms. Nevertheless, the synthesis review revealed that many of the discussions of the fundamental characteristics useful and in certain cases, interesting and insightful. Research gaps were identified and narrowed by synthesising instances of a common ground, and if a common ground is not forthcoming, references to non-PMS articles were made in order to ascertain the ‘true’ meaning of terms, purposes and applications of PMS. This improves our understanding of PMS, and thus we can use the result of the review to conceptualise and present coherent arguments in the pursuance of a good PMS. This research has important implications for both practitioners and academics in the area of performance measurement within an organisation, and shall provide a basis on which ongoing and future research efforts on this field can be built upon.
Electric double layer effect in a nano-scale SiO2 sacrificial layer etching process and its application in nanowire fabrication

Process controllability has become one of the key factors for utilizing micro-scale processes in nanofabrication. Sacrificial layer technology especially should be carefully handled to avoid excessive etching of nano-scale device structures. In this work, the etching behavior of a buffered HF (BHF) solution for thermally-grown silicon dioxide sacrificial layers with thicknesses in the range of 22 to 112.7 nm was characterized. For the first time, accelerated limiting of etching was reported for sub-50 nm layers. However, for thicker ones (more than 50 nm), almost constant rate isotropic etching was observed. A detailed discussion revealed that the conventional diffusion-induced etching model was no longer valid in such a minute structure, and the electric double layer (EDL) effect instead, was likely to dominate. Simulation was carried out to investigate the influence of the electric potential generated by an interfacial charge layer upon reactive ions in the etchant, which was proved to be consistent with the experimental results. By using such nano-scale sacrificial layer technology, combined with anisotropic silicon etching, cost-effective and stable production of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) was accomplished, with a uniform width down to 100 nm, respectively. Reliable electrical connection was also achieved by smooth transitions from the nanowire to single crystal silicon electrodes, which further confirmed the potential of this highly controllable process.
Complications of Delayed Tube Removal after Dacryocystorhinostomy Surgery in the COVID Era

Purpose: A silicon stent intubation, done after Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery, is generally removed after 6 weeks. However COVID-19 related lockdown as well as recommendation to hold the lacrimal procedures for safety related purpose had led to delay in silicon tube removal for many months. Side effects of even short term silicon stenting are well known. The purpose of this study was to assess the complications of delayed stent removal after DCR surgery, due to COVID restrictions. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study that included 35 post DCR patients whose silicon tube removal was delayed due to COVID restrictions, was done. Detail history and clinical examination to note the DCR surgery and tube related complications were noted. Silicon tube was removed and syringing done where possible. Result: Mean age was 41 years (SD 14.3; range 7-68 years). Among them, 29(83%) were females. The most common presenting symptom was persistent watering in 19 patients (54.2%); however syringing was found to be patent in 30 patients (85.7%). Out of 35 eyes, 26 (74.3%) had the silicon tube in situ in normal position without puncta or canaliculus complications. The mean (SD) time of delay in tube removal after DCR surgery was 9.5 (2.9) months. The average (SD) delay time in months of study participants who had complications and without complications were 8.3 (2.7) and 10 (2.8) respectively, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Delay in silicon tube removal is a safe practice in COVID era.
Attitudes and Impressions toward Receiving Phone Calls Made with a Voice Output Device in the United States and Japan

Communication by telephone is a necessary part of daily living. However, for people with hearing and speech impairments, it is often difficult to communicate by telephone in the usual way. To solve this problem, alternative methods for using telephones have been developed. In the United States, people with hearing and speech impairments have TTsrrDDs (text telephones or telecommunication devices for the deaf) to communicate with other people. In addition, there are message relay services that make it possible for TTrrDD users to communicate with people who do not have such devices. In Japan, where there are few such systems, facsimile (fax) machines are a more popular method for telecommunication than TTsffDDs for people with hearing and speech impairments. However, it is not easy to communicate in real time using the fax machine. In addition, it is impossible to communicate directly via fax with people who do not themselves have a fax machine. Certainly, for people with hearing impairments, TTsrrDDs and fax machines can be useful mechanisms for communication. Many people cannot speak, but they can hear. For people with speech impairments, voice output devices are more convenient than TTs/ TDDs or fax machines because there are no restrictions as to who can receive the message. There are many studies of communication via voice output devices. Some evaluate their intelligibility; 1-3 others study their acceptability. 4,5 Mirenda and Beukelman designed a study to compare intelligibility of single words and sentences
Respiratory symptoms and radiological findings in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

Rationale The characteristics of patients with respiratory complaints and/or lung radiologic abnormalities after hospitalisation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are unknown. The objectives were to determine their characteristics and the relationships between dyspnoea, radiologic abnormalities and functional impairment. Methods In the COMEBAC (Consultation Multi-Expertise de Bicêtre Après COVID-19) cohort study, 478 hospital survivors were evaluated by telephone 4 months after hospital discharge, and 177 who had been hospitalised in an intensive care unit (ICU) or presented relevant symptoms underwent an ambulatory evaluation. New-onset dyspnoea and cough were evaluated, and the results of pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest were collected. Results Among the 478 patients, 78 (16.3%) reported new-onset dyspnoea, and 23 (4.8%) new-onset cough. The patients with new-onset dyspnoea were younger (56.1±12.3 versus 61.9±16.6 years), had more severe COVID-19 (ICU admission 56.4% versus 24.5%) and more frequent pulmonary embolism (18.0% versus 6.8%) (all p≤0.001) than patients without dyspnoea. Among the patients reassessed at the ambulatory care visit, the prevalence of fibrotic lung lesions was 19.3%, with extent <25% in 97% of the patients. The patients with fibrotic lesions were older (61±11 versus 56±14 years, p=0.03), more frequently managed in an ICU (87.9 versus 47.4%, p<0.001), had lower total lung capacity (74.1±13.7 versus 84.9±14.8% pred, p<0.001) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (73.3±17.9 versus 89.7±22.8% pred, p<0.001). The combination of new-onset dyspnoea, fibrotic lesions and DLCO <70% pred was observed in eight out of 478 patients. Conclusions New-onset dyspnoea and mild fibrotic lesions were frequent at 4 months, but the association of new-onset dyspnoea, fibrotic lesions and low DLCO was rare. New-onset dyspnoea is a frequent complaint 4 months after #COVID19 and is generally multifactorial, and the combination of new-onset dyspnoea, fibrotic lesions and DLCO <70% pred is rarely observed https://bit.ly/3q4hyyM
Water transport through epoxy-based powder pipeline coatings

Hydration of epoxy coatings reduces adhesion performance and causes degradation of the material, such as microstructural failures. Quantification of water vapor transport at elevated temperatures is fundamental to understanding polymer coating performance, especially when the coating is exposed to extreme operating conditions. As the water activity increases, the permeability/selectivity of polymers against other permeants changes. In this study, we examined the water permeation kinetics of two common epoxy-based powder coating systems for pipelines (fusion-bonded epoxy, FBE, and high-performance powder coating, HPPC) across a range of industrially-relevant temperatures (from room temperature to 80°C). Specifically, we utilized vapor permeation features of FBE and HPPC films with quantification of equilibrium flux as a function of temperature and pressure. In addition, we analyzed the nonlinear dependency of water transport on the vapor concentration at 65°C. The vapor transport analysis demonstrated that although data for FBE were indicative of a decrease in permeability around 65°C, perhaps due to self-association of water molecules, the coating was likely to experience a plasticization pressure around this temperature. We also examined microstructural changes of the epoxy network due to water transport. Our results revealed evidence of irreversible damage to epoxy coatings under wet-state conditions above 65°C. It appears that the combination of thermal exposure and internal stresses in the glassy epoxy lead to a phase separation of filler particles from the epoxy matrix, as well as to a distinctive cavity formation in the coating membrane. Yet, despite formation of percolating paths for water transport, our results indicate that vapor permeation is primarily restrained due to self-association of water molecules. The vapor transport flux and its permeance are lowered by one order of magnitude in the multilayered HPPC thanks to the moisture-resistant polyethylene topcoat, thus reducing the extent of damage to the underlying substrate. Since barrier protection against gas phase diffusion is controlled by the FBE primer, however, consequences of coating hydration are more pronounced in the overall selectivity toward gaseous transport. Hydrothermal exposure is likely to increase aggregate porosity of the coating and a conservative implementation of standard coating requirements is therefore reasonable to avoid early degradation issues.
나의 Concrete 연구실

This chapter describes the methodology used in EPA’s Waste Reduction Model (WARM) to estimate streamlined life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors for concrete beginning at the point of waste generation. The WARM GHG emission factors are used to compare the net emissions associated with concrete in the following two waste management alternatives: recycling and landfilling. Exhibit 1 shows the general outline of materials management pathways for concrete in WARM. For background information on the general purpose and function of WARM emission factors, see the Introduction & Overview chapter. For more information on Recycling and Landfilling, see the chapters devoted to these processes. WARM also allows users to calculate results in terms of energy, rather than GHGs. The energy results are calculated using the same methodology described here but with slight adjustments, as explained in the Energy Impacts chapter.
Evaluating winds and vertical wind shear from Weather Research and Forecasting model forecasts using seven planetary boundary layer schemes

The existence of vertical wind shear in the atmosphere close to the ground requires that wind resource assessment and prediction with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models use wind forecasts at levels within the full rotor span of modern large wind turbines. The performance of NWP models regarding wind energy at these levels partly depends on the formulation and implementation of planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterizations in these models. This study evaluates wind speeds and vertical wind shears simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting model using seven sets of simulations with different PBL parameterizations at one coastal site over western Denmark. The evaluation focuses on determining which PBL parameterization performs best for wind energy forecasting, and presenting a validation methodology that takes into account wind speed at different heights. Winds speeds at heights ranging from 10 to 160 m, wind shears, temperatures and surface turbulent fluxes from seven sets of hindcasts are evaluated against observations at Hovsore, Denmark. The ability of these hindcast sets to simulate mean wind speeds, wind shear, and their time variability strongly depends on atmospheric static stability. Wind speed hindcasts using the Yonsei University PBL scheme compared best with observations during unstable atmospheric conditions, whereas the Asymmetric Convective Model version 2 PBL scheme did so during near-stable and neutral conditions, and the Mellor–Yamada–Janjic PBL scheme prevailed during stable and very stable conditions. The evaluation of the simulated wind speed errors and how these vary with height clearly indicates that for wind power forecasting and wind resource assessment, validation against 10 m wind speeds alone is not sufficient. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Alginate Oligosaccharide Delay D-gal-induced Liver, Kidney and Spleen Senescence in Mice by Attenuating Oxidative Stress

Objectives Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) is an adjuvant therapy progressively applied in the treatment of clinical diseases, and alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a natural polysaccharide with excellent antioxidant property. In this study, the effects of HBOT combined with AOS on the senescence on liver, kidney and spleen were investigated in a D-galactose (D-gal) -induced senescent mice model. Results The findings indicated that HBOT combined with AOS could delay D-gal-induced aging of liver, kidney and spleen in mice. Specifically, HBOT combined with AOS improved the daily behavior and organ indices of mice. Biochemical and morphological analyses of all tissues indicated that HBOT combined with AOS markedly decreased the unusual elevation of ALT, AST and CREA induced by D-gal, alleviated pathological injury, and significantly enhanced the capacity of antioxidant defense system of mice, including increaing T-SOD, CAT AND GSH-Px activities and decreasing MDA content . In addition, Western Blot results indicated that HBOT combined with AOS also inhibited the overexpression of aging-related proteins p53 and p16. Conclusions To some extent, these findings suggest that HBOT combined with AOS has significant anti-senescence potential in D-gal-induced senescent mice, and the underlying factors may be correlated with the enhancement of antioxidant defense capacity.
Seroprevalence and lethality by SARS-CoV-2 in indigenous populations of Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Background Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has presented some of the highest numbers of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the world. Even though indigenous communities represent 8% of the total population in this region, the impact of COVID-19 on this historically vulnerable population has only been briefly explored. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and lethality attributable to SARS-CoV-2 in the indigenous population of LAC. Methods A systematic review was conducted utilizing multiple databases (registry PROSPERO: CRD42020207862). Studies published in English, Spanish or Portuguese were selected between December 1st, 2019, and April 14th, 2021. The evaluation of the quality of the study was carried out utilizing the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. A qualitative synthesis of the data analyzed was conducted following the MOOSE and PRISMA declarations. Results Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Eleven studies were carried out in a Brazilian population, three in a Mexican population, and one in a Colombian population. Four studies reported data about the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in indigenous populations of Brazil (range: 4.2–81.65%). Twelve studies reported lethality in indigenous people (eight in Brazil, three in Mexico, and one in Colombia). In Brazil, a lethality of 53.30% was described in a hospital setting and between 1.83% and 4.03% in community studies. In Mexico, the lethality of COVID-19 ranged between 16.5% and 19.9%. Meanwhile, in Colombia, a lethality of 3.41% was reported. Most studies were deemed to be of good quality. Conclusions Despite COVID-19 affecting indigenous populations of LAC, there is limited evidence of the seroprevalence and lethality of the infection by SARS-CoV-2 in this population. Future investigations should ensure standardized methods that allow comparability among studies and ensure the precision of the results obtained.
The Application of Ergonomics to Improve the Individual-Fit Adjustment Features of Consumer Products

The advantages and problems arising out of the need for incorporating a full range of adjustability in certain consumer products, in order to fit the majority of potential user groups is disclosed. In particular, the importance of providing not only a full range of fit adjustment, but adjustment feedback to assure that the individual correctly adjusts and makes adjustments that will be ergonomically advantageous to them is discussed. Many products are currently being designed with one or more individual adjustment controls that can be used to alter a products fit. The major question is how to assure that these adjustments are or will be properly used and or even used at all. The main variable factors and essentials involved in designing into consumer products individual-fit guides are outlined. Recommendations are given to help manufacturers, designers, and ergonomists to improve consumer products by assuring that individuals will not only have the option to adjust a products fit but will also have the built in guides or feedback to assure them that they have made the best combination of adjustments for their particular body size with respect to their task.
An organic, threshold voltage based, all PMOS, voltage reference generator for flexible sensor tags

The developments and advances achieved in organic semiconductors have promised lower costs for integrated circuit production and also fabrication of electronic circuits using printed technology on unconventional substrates such as plastic, clothing, and even skin. An important building block essential to most electronic circuits is a voltage, process, and temperature independent potential generator which can be used to bias amplifiers and produce a fixed reference for sensor devices. The generation of a voltage reference is also important for voltage regulators. Currently, most reported organic integrated circuits use only p-type OFETs in their circuits due to simpler fabrication procedures. Furthermore, air stable p-type organic semiconductors such as pentacene and CuPc are well characterized. In this paper, a low power two stage all PMOS voltage reference generator is proposed. Since properties such as threshold voltage value and device aging are dependent on the OFET structure, the type of device chosen for this purpose will have a direct impact on the circuit performance. Three different types of OFETs with silver, copper, and gold drain/source electrodes are studied in this work. Performance factors such as line sensitivity (LS), temperature coefficient (TC), power consumption, time constant, and output drifts of the fabricated integrated circuits are measured and reported to verify the characteristics of the proposed circuits. It is shown that the drain/source metal choice affects the threshold voltage dependent output potential of the reference generators.
Regulation of p53 and Cancer Signaling by Heat Shock Protein 40/J-Domain Protein Family Members

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that assist diverse cellular activities including protein folding, intracellular transportation, assembly or disassembly of protein complexes, and stabilization or degradation of misfolded or aggregated proteins. HSP40, also known as J-domain proteins (JDPs), is the largest family with over fifty members and contains highly conserved J domains responsible for binding to HSP70 and stimulation of the ATPase activity as a co-chaperone. Tumor suppressor p53 (p53), the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, is one of the proteins that functionally interact with HSP40/JDPs. The majority of p53 mutations are missense mutations, resulting in acquirement of unexpected oncogenic activities, referred to as gain of function (GOF), in addition to loss of the tumor suppressive function. Moreover, stability and levels of wild-type p53 (wtp53) and mutant p53 (mutp53) are crucial for their tumor suppressive and oncogenic activities, respectively. However, the regulatory mechanisms of wtp53 and mutp53 are not fully understood. Accumulating reports demonstrate regulation of wtp53 and mutp53 levels and/or activities by HSP40/JDPs. Here, we summarize updated knowledge related to the link of HSP40/JDPs with p53 and cancer signaling to improve our understanding of the regulation of tumor suppressive wtp53 and oncogenic mutp53 GOF activities.
Compensation improvement of DPSK signal with nonlinear phase noise

When nonlinear phase noise is compensated by the received intensity, simple formulas are derived for the error probability of differential phase-shift keying signals. Simulation is conducted to verify the error probability. The tolerance of nonlinear phase noise is doubled by the compensator, allowing doubling of the transmission distance if nonlinear phase noise is the dominant impairment.