Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What factors may influence decision-making in the operation of Maritime autonomous surface ships? A systematic review

Abstract Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are being introduced with high levels of autonomy. This means that not only the role of the human operator is changing but also the way in which operations are performed. MASS are expected to be uncrewed platforms that are operated from a Remote Control Centre (RCC). As such, the concept of human-machine teams is important. The operation of MASS however shares some resemblance to other uncrewed platforms (e.g. Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles; UAVs) and it may be that lessons could be learned in relation to the development of MASS systems. A systematic literature review has been conducted, focusing on decision making, to generate insights into operating uncrewed vehicle platforms and design recommendations for MASS. Seven themes were revealed: decision support systems, trust, transparency, teams, task/role allocation, accountability and situation awareness. A Network Model was developed to show the interconnections between these themes which was then applied to a case study of an UAV accident. The purpose of doing this was to demonstrate the utility of the model to real-world scenarios and showed how each theme applied within the human-machine team.
A taq-man multiplex real-time pcr for identification of porcine and canine dna in halal food

The efficient and timely detection of prohibited animals in Halal food is very important. This study aimed to establish a rapid detection method for porcine and canine DNA in a food product. Porcine and Canine DNA were Contaminated in halal food products using multiplex Real-Time PCR and showed positive specificity only in Porcine and Canine meat but showed negative results in chicken, cow, and fish. The results from porcine showed that the lowest level is at 0.001% and 0.1% in raw meat and cooked meat heated at 120 degrees celsius for 15 min, and 0.1% in diluted canine DNA respectively. The method for detection of the contamination of porcine and canine DNA in Halal food products with multiplex real-time PCR technique is suitable and high sensitivity for detecting the DNA of prohibited animals in meat products and raw materials, such as detecting contaminated porcine DNA in sweet jelly and soup cubes.
Atomistic simulations of distortion-limited high-speed dynamics of antiferromagnetic skyrmions

In antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials, localized self-sustaining states called solitons, namely, domain walls (DWs) and skyrmions, can be efﬁciently driven by currents and achieve velocities of several kilometers per second. These solitons are massive particles and therefore cannot travel faster than a limiting velocity akin to the speed of light for the material. The speciﬁcs of these high-velocity dynamics, in which solitons begin to display relativistic effects, have been well understood for the case of DWs (single-dimensional particles). Here, we perform an extensive and systematic atomistic study of both one-dimensional and two-dimensional soliton dynamics in chiral magnetic materials, both at and away from angular momentum compensation. We develop an elastic restorative force model to explain the dynamic skyrmion deformations, supported by simulation data. We claim that these deformations arise from a local imbalance of gyrotropic forces. We also present an outlook on the role of skyrmion compactness in their deformation patterns, velocity limits, as well as the absence of behaviors similar to ones observed in relativistic DWs. We claim that limits on skyrmion compactness also impede their ability to reach the velocity regime where relativistic effects begin to occur in rapidly moving DWs, due to the critical skyrmion breakdown behavior. These results could prove to be signiﬁcant to the ﬁeld of spintronics, as well as the potential applications of skyrmions for novel logic and memory devices. DOI:
The Influence of Doping on the Pyroelectric Response of SBN Single Crystals

In this work, we have applied TSWM (thermal square wave method at single-frequency) to investigate the impact of doping on the pyroelectric coefficient profile which characterizes the polarization depth profile of ferroelectrics. Sr 0.61 Ba 0.39 Nb 2 O 6 (SBN) single crystals were used as a model ferroelectric due to their specific thermal properties. The coefficient of thermal diffusion required for the calculation of pyroelectric profile was estimated using phonon lifetimes extracted from IR reflectivity spectra. The results are compared with those determined using a laser-flash measurements. The influence of Cr, Eu and Rh on the polarization profile of SBN single crystals was studied.
Accuracy and efficiency of digitally fabricated all-ceramic crowns from conventional impressions and intraoral scans: A single-blind clinical randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of intraoral scanners by comparing the marginal fit of 70 all-ceramic crowns fabricated from both conventional impressions and intraoral scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 70 posterior teeth requiring single-crown restorations randomly underwent either intraoral scanning or conventional impression-taking followed by laboratory scanning of the casts in a parallel-group RCT. Subsequently, 70 monolithic all-ceramic crowns were CAD/CAM fabricated; only the impression technique differed. Marginal fit, internal fit, adjustment time required for insertion and occlusal contacts, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores assessing dentists' satisfaction with all of the crowns were clinically evaluated by a blinded and calibrated examiner. Data were analyzed using independent-samples t test and likelihood ratio test or Fisher exact test. All tests were performed with α = . 05. RESULTS The mean marginal fit with intraoral scanning (57.94 ± 22.51 μm) was better than with diagnostic cast scanning (82.98 ± 21.72 μm). The difference was statistically significant (P = .000). The differences in internal fit, adjustment time for crown insertion and occlusal contacts, and VAS scores were also significant, and the secondary outcomes were in favor of intraoral scanning. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this clinical trial, CAD/CAM-fabricated single-tooth restorations in the posterior region produced by an intraoral scanning technique using TRIOS was found to be a more accurate and efficient alternative to restorations based on conventional impressions in combination with the laboratory scanning technique.
Butyrate Lowers Cellular Cholesterol through HDAC Inhibition and Impaired SREBP-2 Signalling

In animal studies, HDAC inhibitors such as butyrate have been reported to reduce plasma cholesterol, while conferring protection from diabetes, but studies on the underlying mechanisms are lacking. This study compares the influence of butyrate and other HDAC inhibitors to that of statins on cholesterol metabolism in multiple cell lines, but primarily in HepG2 hepatic cells due to the importance of the liver in cholesterol metabolism. Sodium butyrate reduced HepG2 cholesterol content, as did sodium valproate and the potent HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A, suggesting HDAC inhibition as the exacting mechanism. In contrast to statins, which increase SREBP-2 regulated processes, HDAC inhibition downregulated SREBP-2 targets such as HMGCR and the LDL receptor. Moreover, in contrast to statin treatment, butyrate did not increase cholesterol uptake by HepG2 cells, consistent with its failure to increase LDL receptor expression. Sodium butyrate also reduced ABCA1 and SRB1 protein expression in HepG2 cells, but these effects were not consistent across all cell types. Overall, the underlying mechanism of cell cholesterol lowering by sodium butyrate and HDAC inhibition is consistent with impaired SREBP-2 signalling, and calls into question the possible use of butyrate for lowering of serum LDL cholesterol in humans.
Comparison of Two Methods of Obtaining Approximate Confidence Intervals for System Reliability

Some specific comparisons are made in this note between the use of the asymptotic Chi-square distribution of the likelihood ratio and the asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimates to obtain confidence interval for reliabilities of arbitrary systems when only failure data on the components is known. In all the comparisons made, using moderate samples and systems of average complexity, the asymptotic Chi-square appears to give much more accurate confidence intervals. Although the asymptotic Chi-square method requires more computation for most systems than does the method based on asymptotic normality, these examples indicate the Chi-square method would yield superior results in most practical instances.
Superconducting Tunneling Effects in the Mixed State of Nb

Superconducting tunneling effects in the mixed states of Nb, whose H c 2 (0)=4450 Oe, were observed using the usual oxidization technics. Results are rather well explained by the theory of Brandt et al with the assumption of diffuse boundary scattering, if we substitute \(\varDelta{\cdot}\varLambda/\hbar{\cdot}v_{f}\) by \(\varDelta{\cdot}\varLambda/\hbar{\cdot}v_{f}{\cdot}\alpha\), where α is an arbitrary parameter.
Macro Manifold Learning with Applications to Supervised Classification

Manifold learning has made many successful applications in the fields of dimensionality reduction and pattern recognition. However, when it is used for supervised classification, the result is still unsatisfactory. To address this challenge, a novel supervised approach, namely macro manifold learning (MML) is proposed. Based on the proposed approach, the low-dimensional embeddings of the testing samples is more favorable for classification tasks. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approach.
PHOTOGRAMMETRY NOW AND THEN – FROM HAND-CRAFTED TO DEEP-LEARNING TIE POINTS –

Abstract. Historical images provide a valuable source of information exploited by several kinds of applications, such as the monitoring of cities and territories, the reconstruction of destroyed buildings, and are increasingly being shared for cultural promotion projects through virtual reality or augmented reality applications. Finding reliable and accurate matches between historical and present images is a fundamental step for such tasks since they require to co-register the present 3D scene with the past one. Classical image matching solutions are sensitive to strong radiometric variations within the images, which are particularly relevant in these multi-temporal contexts due to different types of sensitive media (film/sensors) employed for the image acquisitions, different lighting conditions and viewpoint angles. In this work, we investigate the actual improvement provided by recent deep learning approaches to match historical and nowadays images. As learning-based methods have been trained to find reliable matches in challenging scenarios, including large viewpoint and illumination changes, they could overcome the limitations of classic hand-crafted methods such as SIFT and ORB. The most relevant approaches proposed by the research community in the last years are analyzed and compared using pairs of multi-temporal images.
Influences of Moist Convection on a Cold-Season Outbreak of Clear-Air Turbulence (CAT)

AbstractThe 9–10 March 2006 aviation turbulence outbreak over the central United States is examined using observations and numerical simulations. Though the turbulence occurs within a deep synoptic cyclone with widespread precipitation, comparison of reports from commercial aircraft with radar and satellite data reveals the majority of the turbulence to be in clear air. This clear-air turbulence (CAT) is located above a strong upper-level jet, where vertical shear ranged between 20 and 30 m s−1 km−1. Comparison of a moist simulation with a dry simulation reveals that simulated vertical shear and subgrid turbulence kinetic energy is significantly enhanced by the anticyclonic upper-level flow perturbation associated with the organized convection in regions of observed CAT.A higher-resolution simulation is used to examine turbulence mechanisms in two primary clusters of reported moderate and severe turbulence. In the northern cluster where vertical shear is strongest, the simulated turbulence arises from Kel.
Analytical Modeling of Sensor Quantization in Strapdown Inertial Navigation Error Equations

Although generally not considered a major contributor to system inaccuracy, inertial sensor quantization error, if not properly modeled, can lead to erroneously large estimates of its impact on inertial navigation system performance. Analytical methods are described for modeling inertial sensor quantization in strapdown inertial system error parameter propagation and measurement equations. Error propagation equations are derived in classical differential error state dynamic and discrete difference format. It is shown how the attitude, velocity, and sensor error parameters in these equations must be modified to enable proper sensor quantization error modeling as white noise and to account for differences in attitude, velocity, and position update frequencies. The discrete difference error equation form is used to develop values for attitude/velocity measurement noise covariances and for spectral densities of white quantization noise terms in the differential error propagation equations. A general discussion is included of how quantization white noise spectral densities should be computed for the differential error propagation equations for compatibility with two-speed attitude, velocity, and position updating algorithms. Validity limits for white noise modeling approximations and methods for reducing quantization noise are discussed. Numerical examples are provided.
Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of selected congenital anomalies at the largest Bosnian pediatric surgery tertiary center

Congenital anomalies (CA) are any abnormality present at birth, either structural or functional, that may potentially affect an infant’s health, development, and/or survival. There is a paucity of studies on clinical characteristics and outcomes of CA in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mainly due to the lack of a nationwide congenital malformations monitoring system. A 5-year hospital-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence at birth and clinical characteristics of selected major CA in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ninety-one CA were observed from 2012 to 2016 (the overall prevalence was 39.6 cases/10,000 live births). The mean age of neonates at diagnosis was 3 days. The gastrointestinal tract was the most commonly affected system (76.9%), with esophageal atresia (EA) being the most frequent (17.6% of all CA). Major CA were more prevalent among preterm infants than term infants (P = .001), particularly in males (61.5% vs. 38.5%; P = .028; M:F ratio was 1.59). Multiple CA were seen in 37.4% of neonates. The overall mortality rate of neonates was 11%, and the median length of hospital stay was 19.8 days. Our study revealed the distribution and clinical patterns of common major CA in the largest tertiary care facility in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It also confirmed a relatively high mortality rate, which requires further efforts to improve the quality of neonatal care in the country.
THE IMPACT OFCORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE CURRENT ASSETS MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANIES LISTED IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE *

It is important to improve the shareholder trust and satisfaction in developing and expanding the capital market. Currently, it is the manager’s obligation to manage the company successfully. In this respect, working capital management is one of the most important parts of corporate management structure. The optimization of working capital can be helpful in minimizing the requirements of working capital so much that it decreases free cash flows of company. The mechanisms of corporate governance influence quantity and quality of working capital management. This is why that the present study aimed to analyze the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on the ratio of efficiency (payable accounts, receivable accounts, and total assets turnover) and trust fund. What is new in this study is the simultaneous investigation of the three mechanisms of corporate governance on the current assets management. For this purpose, a sample of 70 companies was selected from the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2012. In order to test the hypotheses, multi-variable regression models were employed with combinative data. The findings revealed that there are significant relationshipsamong research variables.
Alzheimer's disease‐associated R47H TREM2 increases, but wild‐type TREM2 decreases, microglial phagocytosis of synaptosomes and neuronal loss

Triggering receptor on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an innate immune receptor, upregulated on the surface of microglia associated with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals heterozygous for the R47H variant of TREM2 have greatly increased risk of developing AD. We examined the effects of wild‐type (WT), R47H and knock‐out (KO) of human TREM2 expression in three microglial cell systems. Addition of mouse BV‐2 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to primary mouse neuronal cultures caused neuronal loss, not observed with WT TREM2. Neuronal loss was prevented by using annexin V to block exposed phosphatidylserine, an eat‐me signal and ligand of TREM2, suggesting loss was mediated by microglial phagocytosis of neurons exposing phosphatidylserine. Addition of human CHME‐3 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to LUHMES neuronal‐like cells also caused loss compared to WT TREM2. Expression of R47H TREM2 in BV‐2 and CHME‐3 microglia increased their uptake of phosphatidylserine‐beads and synaptosomes versus WT TREM2. Human iPSC‐derived microglia with heterozygous R47H TREM2 had increased phagocytosis of synaptosomes vs common‐variant TREM2. Additionally, phosphatidylserine liposomes increased activation of human iPSC‐derived microglia expressing homozygous R47H TREM2 versus common‐variant TREM2. Finally, overexpression of TREM2 in CHME‐3 microglia caused increased expression of cystatin F, a cysteine protease inhibitor, and knock‐down of cystatin F increased CHME‐3 uptake of phosphatidylserine‐beads. Together, these data suggest that R47H TREM2 may increase AD risk by increasing phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via greater activation by phosphatidylserine and that WT TREM2 may decrease microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via cystatin F.
The Effect of Workload and Compensation on the Performance of Medical Personnel in the IGD Room of Royal Prima Hospital Medan

Employee performance is very important in the company's efforts to achieve its goals. Many factors can affect the performance of this medical personnel, such as excessive workload, compensation received is not commensurate, dictatorial leadership style, work environment, and others. This study aims to analyze the Effect of Workload and Compensation on the Performance of Medical Personnel in the Emergency Room of Royal Prima Hospital Medan. The research approach used in this study is a quantitative research method. The population that will be used in this study is medical personnel in the emergency room of Royal Prima Hospital Medan which amounts to 70 people. The sample determination technique is a saturated sample. Data collection used questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability (Cronbach Alpha statistical test >0.70). Data analysis uses multiple regression analysis models, coefficient of determination (R2), F test (simultaneous testing), and t-test (partial testing). Variable Workload, obtained t count (6,229) > t table (1.66) and probability value (0.015) < 0.05. Compensation Variable, obtained t-count (4,256) > t-table (1.66) and probability value (0.009) < 0.05. In conclusion, partially and simultaneously, the variables of workload and compensation have a significant effect on the Performance of Medical Personnel in the IGD Room of Royal Prima Hospital Medan
Fast single-photon imager acquires 1024 pixels at 100 kframe/s

We present the design and we discuss in depth the operating conditions of a two-dimensional (2-D) imaging array of single-photon detectors that provides a total of 1024 pixels, laid out in 32 rows by 32 columns array, integrated within a monolithic silicon chip with dimensions of 3.5 mm x 3.5 mm. We employed a standard high-voltage 0. 35μm CMOS fabrication technology, with no need of any custom processing. Each pixel consists of one Single-Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) and a compact front-end analog electronics followed by a digital processing circuitry. The in-pixel front-end electronics senses the ignition of the avalanche, quenches the detector, provides a pulse and restores the detector for detecting a subsequent photon. The processing circuitry counts events (both photon and unwelcome "noise" ignition) within user-selectable integration time-slots and stores the count into an in-pixel memory cell, which is read-out in 10 ns/pixel. Such a two-levels pipeline architecture allows to acquire the actual frame while contemporary reading out the previous one, thus achieving a very high free-running frame rate, with negligible inter-frame dead-time. Each pixel is therefore a completely independent photon-counter. The measured Photo Detection Efficiency (PDE) tops 43% at 5V excess-bias, while the Dark-Counting Rate (DCR) is below 4kcps (counts per second) at room temperature. The maximum frame-rate depends on the system clock; with a convenient 100MHz system clock we achieved a free-running speed of 100 kframe/s from the all 1024 pixels.
A further study of the molecular cloud associated with the supernova remnant G109.1-1.0

The region of the semicircular SNR G109.1-1.0 is studied on the basis of CO observations with a 45-m radio telescope and X-ray data from the archive of the Einstein Observatory. By observing the J = 1-0 transition of CO at 115 GHz, the distribution of the molecular cloud associated with the remnant is investigated in detail. The resolution of the CO mapping observations is 0.6-1.2 pc and the number of the CO spectra obtained is about 2000. The molecular ridge (CO arm), which was known to show an apparent anticorrelation with the curled x-ray jetlike feature of the remnant, is resolved into two CO filaments. The hardness of the X-ray spectrum toward the CO arm is consistent with the column densities of the two CO filaments. However, the overall appearance of the remnant will not be affected very much by the absorption, because the X-ray absorption is found to be a minor effect. 30 refs.
Rate of Hospitalizations and Mortality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Compared to Influenza in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is commonly regarded as an infection typical of children, but increasing literature is showing its importance in older people. Since the data regarding the impact of RSV are still limited for older people, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the rate of hospitalization and mortality between RSV and influenza in this population. A systematic literature search until 15 June 2022 was done across several databases and including studies reporting incidence rate and cumulative incidence of hospitalization and mortality in RSV and influenza affecting older people. Among 2295 records initially screened, 16 studies including 762,084 older participants were included. Compared to older patients having influenza, patients with RSV did not show any significant different risk in hospitalization (either cumulative or incidence rate). Similar results were evident for mortality. The quality of the studies was in general good. In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the rate of hospitalization and mortality was similar between RSV and influenza in older adults, suggesting the importance of vaccination for RSV in older people for preventing negative outcomes, such as mortality and hospitalization.