Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Risk Factors for Plasmodium and Helminth Co-infections: A Cross-Sectional Survey among Children in Bagamoyo District, Coastal Region of Tanzania

Background Plasmodium and soil transmitted helminth infections (STH) are a major public health problem, particularly among children. There are conflicting findings on potential association between these two parasites. This study investigated the Plasmodium and helminth co-infections among children aged 2 months to 9 years living in Bagamoyo district, coastal region of Tanzania. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1033 children. Stool, urine and blood samples were examined using a broad set of quality controlled diagnostic methods for common STH (Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichura), schistosoma species and Wuchereria bancrofti. Blood slides and malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) were utilized for Plasmodium diagnosis. Results Out of 992 children analyzed, the prevalence of Plasmodium infection was 13% (130/992), helminth 28.5% (283/992); 5% (50/992) had co-infection with Plasmodium and helminth. The prevalence rate of Plasmodium, specific STH and co-infections increased significantly with age (p < 0.001), with older children mostly affected except for S. stercoralis monoinfection and co-infections. Spatial variations of co-infection prevalence were observed between and within villages. There was a trend for STH infections to be associated with Plasmodium infection [OR adjusted for age group 1.4, 95% CI (1.0–2.1)], which was more marked for S. stercoralis (OR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.1–4.3). Age and not schooling were risk factors for Plasmodium and STH co-infection. Conclusion The findings suggest that STH and Plasmodium infections tend to occur in the same children, with increasing prevalence of co-infection with age. This calls for an integrated approach such as using mass chemotherapy with dual effect (e.g., ivermectin) coupled with improved housing, sanitation and hygiene for the control of both parasitic infections.
Vibration rejection for inertially stabilized double gimbal platform using acceleration feedforward

The paper documents a computational design and an experimental verification of a vibration rejection scheme for an inertially stabilized platform mounted on a mobile base. The mechanical configuration of the platform is that of a standard double gimbal, which realizes a mass stabilization of the line of sight of an optoelectronic payload such as a camera an/or laser ranger finder. Nonideal static balancing of the payload gives rise to projection of the carrier vibrations onto a disturbing torque acting on the payload around the joint axes. This disturbance can be left for the existing inertial angular rate feedback to attenuate but a better solution can be devised. The cause of this disturbing torque — the linear acceleration of the carrier — can be measured, filtered and fed forward to the two direct drive motors. Experiments prove that significant vibration rejection is achieved with this feedforward compensation scheme.
Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow in cat brain using intracarotid 2H2O and 2H NMR imaging

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in cat brain in vivo at 2.7 T using 2H NMR to monitor the washout of deuterated saline injected into both carotid arteries via the lingual arteries. In anesthetized cats, global CBF varied directly with PaCO2 over a range of 20‐50 mm Hg, and the corresponding global CBF values ranged from 25 to 125 ml‐100 g−1min−1. Regional CBF was measured in a 1‐cm axial section of cat brain using intracarotid deuterated saline and gradient‐echo 2H NMR imaging. Blood flow images with a maximum pixel resolution of 0.3 × 0.3 × 1.0 cm were generated from the deuterium signal washout at each pixel. Image derived values for CBF agreed well with other determinations, and decreased significantly with hypocapnia. © 1990 Academic Press, Inc.
Influence Strength Aware Diffusion Models for Dynamic Influence Maximization in Social Networks

Social network plays a fundamental role as a medium for the spread of influence among its individuals. During the influence spreading process, one favorable goal is achieving influence maximization in social marketing. Thus diffusion model which identifies a set of individuals to initiate this spread so that more individuals can be triggered at last is very critical. However, to the best of our knowledge, all current diffusion models only consider the dynamics during diffusion and ignore the dynamically changing influence strength during information propagation. In this paper, taking account of both dynamics and influence strength during information diffusion, we propose two diffusion models in social networks for dynamic influence maximization. The first one is the Time-dependent Comprehensive Cascade (TCC) model, which considers that the activation probability between two individuals is dependent on previous activation trials. The second one is the Dynamic Variable Threshold (DVT) model, which considers that the activation threshold of an individual could be changed based on the individual's attitude towards the propagated information. Theoretical analysis show that our proposed two diffusion models are more practical compared with previous diffusion models.
DLC‐1 suppresses non‐small cell lung cancer growth and invasion by RhoGAP‐dependent and independent mechanisms

Expression of the tumor suppressor deleted in liver cancer‐1 (DLC‐1) is lost in non‐small cell lung (NSCLC) and other human carcinomas, and ectopic DLC‐1 expression dramatically reduces proliferation and tumorigenicity. DLC‐1 is a multi‐domain protein that includes a Rho GTPase activating protein (RhoGAP) domain which has been hypothesized to be the basis of its tumor suppressive actions. To address the importance of the RhoGAP function of DLC‐1 in tumor suppression, we performed biochemical and biological studies evaluating DLC‐1 in NSCLC. Full‐length DLC‐1 exhibited strong GAP activity for RhoA as well as RhoB and RhoC, but only very limited activity for Cdc42 in vitro. In contrast, the isolated RhoGAP domain showed 5‐ to 20‐fold enhanced activity for RhoA, RhoB, RhoC, and Cdc42. DLC‐1 protein expression was absent in six of nine NSCLC cell lines. Restoration of DLC‐1 expression in DLC‐1‐deficient NSCLC cell lines reduced RhoA activity, and experiments with a RhoA biosensor demonstrated that DLC‐1 dramatically reduces RhoA activity at the leading edge of cellular protrusions. Furthermore, DLC‐1 expression in NSCLC cell lines impaired both anchorage‐dependent and ‐independent growth, as well as invasion in vitro. Surprisingly, we found that the anti‐tumor activity of DLC‐1 was due to both RhoGAP‐dependent and ‐independent activities. Unlike the rat homologue p122RhoGAP, DLC‐1 was not capable of activating the phospholipid hydrolysis activity of phospholipase C‐δ1. Combined, these studies provide information on the mechanism of DLC‐1 function and regulation, and further support the role of DLC‐1 tumor suppression in NSCLC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intermittent drug techniques for schizophrenia.

Intermittent drug techniques refer to the "use of medication only during periods of incipient relapse or symptom exacerbation rather than continuously. " The aim is to reduce the risk of adverse effects of antipsychotics by "reducing long-term medication exposure for patients who are receiving maintenance treatment while limiting risk of relapse," with a further goal of improving social functioning resulting from the reduction of antipsychotic-induced side effects. We reviewed the effects of different intermittent drug techniques compared with maintenance treatment in people with schizophrenia or related disorders. We searched The Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (April 2012) and supplemented this by contacting relevant study authors and manually searching reference lists. All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included.Of 241 records retrieved by the search, 17 trials were included. Homogenous data demonstrated that instances of relapse were significantly higher in people receiving any intermittent drug treatment in the long term (n=436, 7 RCTs, RR=2.46, 95% CI=1.70- to 3.54). Intermittent treatment was shown to be more effective than placebo, however, and demonstrated that significantly less people receiving intermittent antipsychotics experienced full relapse by medium term (n=290, 2 RCTs, RR=0.37, 95% CI=0.24-0.58). Intermittent antipsychotic treatment is not as effective as continuous, maintained antipsychotic therapy for preventing relapse in people with schizophrenia. It does seem, however, significantly better than no treatment.
Testing theories of financial decision making

Significance This paper uncovers the empirical content of many behavioral models of decisions under uncertainty. Studies of global financial markets often ignore a very important piece of the puzzle: individual behavior. We provide tests (and as such, predictions) about how individuals behave when facing uncertainty, such as that faced in financial or asset markets. Behavior at the individual level must be understood before the behavior of the economy at large can even begin to be understood. We describe the observable content of some of the most widely used models of decision under uncertainty: models of translation invariant preferences. In particular, we characterize the models of variational, maxmin, constant absolute risk aversion, and constant relative risk aversion utilities. In each case we present a revealed preference axiom that is satisfied by a dataset if and only if the dataset is consistent with the corresponding utility representation. We test our axioms using data from an experiment on financial decisions.
Large-Eddy Simulations of a Drizzling, Stratocumulus-Topped Marine Boundary Layer

Cloud water sedimentation and drizzle in a stratocumulus-topped boundary layer are the focus of an intercomparison of large-eddy simulations. The context is an idealized case study of nocturnal stratocumulus under a dry inversion, with embedded pockets of heavily drizzling open cellular convection. Results from 11 groups are used. Two models resolve the size distributions of cloud particles, and the others parameterize cloud water sedimentation and drizzle. For the ensemble of simulations with drizzle and cloud water sedimentation, the mean liquid water path (LWP) is remarkably steady and consistent with the measurements, the mean entrainment rate is at the low end of the measured range, and the ensemble-average maximum vertical wind variance is roughly half that measured. On average, precipitation at the surface and at cloud base is smaller, and the rate of precipitation evaporation greater, than measured. Including drizzle in the simulations reduces convective intensity, increases boundary layer stratification, and decreases LWP for nearly all models. Including cloud water sedimentation substantially decreases entrainment, decreases convective intensity, and increases LWP for most models. In nearly all cases, LWP responds more strongly to cloud water sedimentation than to drizzle. The omission of cloud water sedimentation in simulations is strongly discouraged, regardless of whether or not precipitation is present below cloud base.
AntTree: A Web Document Clustering Using Artificial Ants

We present in this work a new algorithm for document hierarchical clustering and automatic generation of portals sites. This model is inspired from the self-assembling behavior observed in real ants where ants progressively get attached to an existing support and successively to other attached ants. The artificial ants that we have defined will similarly build a tree. Each ant represents one document. The way ants move and build this tree depends on the similarity between the documents. We have tested our model on sets of web pages extracted from internet and we have successfully compared our results to those obtained by the AHC (Ascending Hierarchical Clustering).
Performance Analysis of Full Adder Circuit using Double Gate MOSFET

paper presents a design of a one bit full adder cell based on stack effect using Double Gate MOSFET. This design has been compared with existing one-bit full adder which is designed using power gating technique. In this paper, the proposed circuit has been analyzed for parameters like- power consumption and power delay product. The simulations of the proposed Full Adder have been performed using Tanner EDA Tool version 13.0. All the proposed design simulations are carried out at 45nm technology for various inputs like supply voltage and input voltage. The decrease of 99.5% in power utilization has observed in proposed circuit. The results show a legality of double gate MOSFETs for designing for low power full adder circuit. KeywordsAdder; Stack effect; Double Gate; Low Power; PDP ; power gating
HUG: Multi-Resource Fairness for Correlated and Elastic Demands

In this paper, we study how to optimally provide isolation guarantees in multi-resource environments, such as public clouds, where a tenant's demands on different resources (links) are correlated. Unlike prior work such as Dominant Resource Fairness (DRF) that assumes static and fixed demands, we consider elastic demands. Our approach generalizes canonical max-min fairness to the multi-resource setting with correlated demands, and extends DRF to elastic demands. We consider two natural optimization objectives: isolation guarantee from a tenant's viewpoint and system utilization (work conservation) from an operator's perspective. We prove that in non-cooperative environments like public cloud networks, there is a strong tradeoff between optimal isolation guarantee and work conservation when demands are elastic. Even worse, work conservation can even decrease network utilization instead of improving it when demands are inelastic. We identify the root cause behind the tradeoff and present a provably optimal allocation algorithm, High Utilization with Guarantees (HUG), to achieve maximum attainable network utilization without sacrificing the optimal isolation guarantee, strategy-proofness, and other useful properties of DRF. In cooperative environments like private datacenter networks, HUG achieves both the optimal isolation guarantee and work conservation. Analyses, simulations, and experiments show that HUG provides better isolation guarantees, higher system utilization, and better tenant-level performance than its counterparts.
A Note on Bound for Jensen-Shannon Divergence by Jeffreys

The Jensen-Shannon divergence JS(p;q) is a similarity measure between two probability distributions p and q. It is presently used in varied disciplines. In this presentation, we provide a lower bound on the Jensen-Shannon divergence by the Jeffrery's J-divergence when p_i≥q_i is satisfied. In the original Lin's paper, the upper bound in terms of the J-divergence was the quarter of it. Recently, the shaper one was reported by Crooks. We discuss upper bounds by transcendental functions of Jeffreys by comparing those values for a binary distribution.
SOCIAL DESIRABILITY BIAS IN SOFTWARE PIRACY RESEARCH Research in Progress

Most behavioural aspects of software piracy research are a subset of ethical research. Measures of ethical behaviour in research may be subject to biases in response to the social desirability of behaviours. Few studies in the area of software piracy have explicitly addressed this issue. Literature on social desirability bias (SDB) reports on three ways to address response bias: approaches to reduce bias, approaches to detect bias, and approaches to correct bias. In the current article, the published methods to reduce, detect, and, correct bias are reviewed. Then, the extent of SDB that may be present in the published software piracy literature is subjectively assessed. A study is proposed in which piracy behaviours involving real money are compared to the intent to pirate in paper-based scenarios, under equivalent conditions. The comparison is argued to be useful in compensating for SDB in future research.
Gray level use in a handwriting fractal approach and morphological properties quantification

Here we present an original approach to gray level writing images that relies on fractal methods. Some new parameters are defined that allow quantification of some handwriting properties. Some volumes in a 3D representation are computed and their evolution with respect to observation scale is used. Two properties are more precisely presented, regularity of the line drawn and regularity of the patterns involved in the writing.
A continuum of transcriptional identities visualized by combinatorial fluorescent in situ hybridization

Oligonucleotide-based fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) coupled with high-resolution high-sensitivity microscopy allows the visualization of single RNA molecules within fixed cells and tissues as distinct foci. We show here that combinatorial labeling of RNA molecules with several fluorescent dyes extends the number of genes that can be targeted simultaneously beyond the number of fluorophores used. This approach also inherently validates the identification of transcripts reducing false positive counts. We have used combinatorial FISH and image analysis to measure the transcript densities of six genes using three fluorophores. This has allowed us to visualize the endothelial maturation of lateral mesoderm in an in vitro ES differentiation assay from a single snapshot of molecular identities. Our observations show that, under these specific conditions, endothelial maturation follows a homogeneous course with a gradual increase in expression of Cdh5 and a concomitant loss of early transcription factors, arguing that maturation is governed in a generally deterministic manner. This methodology is limited by the number of fluorophores that can be used and by the available microscopic resolution, but currently available equipment should allow the visualization of transcripts from 10 or more genes simultaneously.
Modelling the interaction of keratinocytes and fibroblasts during normal and abnormal wound healing processes

The crosstalk between fibroblasts and keratinocytes is a vital component of the wound healing process, and involves the activity of a number of growth factors and cytokines. In this work, we develop a mathematical model of this crosstalk in order to elucidate the effects of these interactions on the regeneration of collagen in a wound that heals by second intention. We consider the role of four components that strongly affect this process: transforming growth factor-β, platelet-derived growth factor, interleukin-1 and keratinocyte growth factor. The impact of this network of interactions on the degradation of an initial fibrin clot, as well as its subsequent replacement by a matrix that is mainly composed of collagen, is described through an eight-component system of nonlinear partial differential equations. Numerical results, obtained in a two-dimensional domain, highlight key aspects of this multifarious process, such as re-epithelialization. The model is shown to reproduce many of the important features of normal wound healing. In addition, we use the model to simulate the treatment of two pathological cases: chronic hypoxia, which can lead to chronic wounds; and prolonged inflammation, which has been shown to lead to hypertrophic scarring. We find that our model predictions are qualitatively in agreement with previously reported observations and provide an alternative pathway for gaining insight into this complex biological process.
Effect of Intermittent Hypoxic Training Followed by Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure on Aerobic Capacity of Long Distance Runners

Abstract Nakamoto, FP, Ivamoto, RK, Andrade, MS, de Lira, CAB, Silva, BM, and da Silva, AC. Effect of intermittent hypoxic training followed by intermittent hypoxic exposure on aerobic capacity of long distance runners. J Strength Cond Res 30(6): 1708–1720, 2016—Effects of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) are still controversial and detraining effects remain uninvestigated. Therefore, we investigated (a) whether IHT improves aerobic capacity; (b) whether aerobic detraining occurs post-IHT; and (c) whether intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) at rest reduces a possible aerobic detraining post-IHT. Twenty eight runners (21 men/7 women; 36 ± 2 years; maximal oxygen uptake [V[Combining Dot Above]O2max] 55.4 ± 1.3 ml·kg−1·min−1) participated in a single-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Twice a week, 1 group performed 6 weeks of IHT (n = 11), followed by 4 weeks of IHE (n = 11) at rest (IHT+IHE group). Another group performed 6 weeks of IHT (n = 10), followed by 4 weeks of normoxic exposure (NE, n = 9) at rest (IHT+NE group). A control group performed 6 weeks of normoxic training (NT, n = 7), followed by 4 weeks of NE (n = 6) at rest (NT+NE group). Hematological and submaximal/maximal aerobic measurements were conducted in normoxia at pretraining, posttraining, and postexposure. Hemoglobin concentration did not change, but lactate threshold and running economy improved in all groups at posttraining (p ⩽ 0.05 vs. pretraining). Ventilatory threshold, respiratory compensation point, and V[Combining Dot Above]O2max increased after IHT (IHT+IHE group: 7.3, 5.4, and 9.2%, respectively; IHT+NE group: 10.7, 7.5, and 4.8%; p ⩽ 0.05 vs. pretraining), but not after NT (−1.1, −1.0, and −3.8%; p > 0.05 vs. pretraining). Such IHT-induced adaptations were maintained at postexposure (p > 0.05 vs. postexposure). In conclusion, IHT induced further aerobic improvements than NT. These additional IHT adaptations were maintained for 4 weeks post-IHT, regardless of IHE.
A type-token identity in the Simon-Yule model of text

There are three significant results in this paper. First, we establish a type‐token identity relating the type‐token ratio and the bilogarithmic type‐token ratio. The plays of Shakespeare and other interesting texts serve as demonstrative examples. Second, the Simon‐Yule model of Zipf's law is used to derive the type‐token identity and provide a promising statistical model of text generation. Third, a realistic refinement of the Simon‐Yule model is made to allow for a decreasing entry rate of new words. Simulation methods are used to show that the type‐token identity is preserved with this change in assumptions. © 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
UniNE at CLEF 2017: Author Profiling Reasoning

This paper describes and evaluates a supervised author profiling model. The suggested strategy can be adapted without any problem to various languages (such as Arabic, English, Spanish, and Portuguese). As features, we suggest using the m most frequent terms of the query text (isolated words and punctuation symbols with m at most 200). Applying a simple distance measure and looking at the nearest text profiles, we can determine the gender (with the nominal values “male” or “female”) and the language variety (e.g., in Spanish the nominal values “Argentina”, “Chile”, “Colombia”, “Mexico”, “Peru”, “Spain”, or “Venezuela”). The training and test data is available for Twitter tweets (PAN AUTHOR PROFILING task at CLEF 2017). An analysis of the top ranked terms from a feature selection method allows a better understanding of the proposed assignments and presents typical writing styles for each category.