Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Orbits of unbounded energy in quasi-periodic perturbations of geodesic flows

We show that certain mechanical systems, including a geodesic flow in any dimension plus a quasi-periodic perturbation by a potential, have orbits of unbounded energy. The assumptions we make in the case of geodesic flows are: (a) The metric and the external perturbation are smooth enough. (b) The geodesic flow has a hyperbolic periodic orbit such that its stable and unstable manifolds have a tranverse homoclinic intersection. (c) The frequency of the external perturbation is Diophantine. (d) The external potential satisfies a generic condition depending on the periodic orbit considered in (b). The assumptions on the metric are C2 open and are known to be dense on many manifolds. The assumptions on the potential fail only in infinite codimension spaces of potentials. The proof is based on geometric considerations of invariant manifolds and their intersections. The main tools include the scattering map of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds, as well as standard perturbation theories (averaging, KAM and Melnikov techniques). We do not need to assume that the metric is Riemannian and we obtain results for Finsler or Lorentz metrics. Indeed, there is a formulation for Hamiltonian systems satisfying scaling ∗Corresponding author. Fax: +1 512 471 9038. E-mail addresses: Amadeu.Delshams@upc.edu (A. Delshams), llave@math.utexas. edu (R. de la Llave), Tere.M-Seara@upc.edu (T.M. Seara). 0001-8708/$ see front matter © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.aim. 2005.03. 005 A. Delshams et al. / Advances in Mathematics 202 (2006) 64–188 65 hypotheses. We do not need to make assumptions on the global topology of the manifold nor on its dimension. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. MSC: 37J40; 37J25; 53D25; 70H08
Study of the inﬂuence of pavement unevenness on the mechanical response of asphalt pavement by means of the ﬁnite element method

Tire-pavement interaction FE models are developed. (cid:1) The model is veriﬁed by means of analytical and experimental methods. (cid:1) The results from uneven pavements are compared with ﬂat pavements. Pavement unevenness affects the vehicle operating cost, speed, riding comfort, safety, pavement service life and etc. The current mechanistic-empirical (M-E) design procedure of asphalt pavements is based on the computational model of a ﬂat pavement instead of uneven pavement as it is the case in reality. In this paper, a tire-pavement-interaction FE model is developed to investigate the inﬂuence of pavement unevenness on the mechanical responses of asphalt pavements. For both winter and summer conditions, the strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer due to the tire load is found to decrease as the wavelength of the unevenness increases. Moreover, the strain is larger at lower speeds and decreases as the speed increases. It is found that the stress levels are higher in summer conditions than under winter conditions for the same pavement irrespective of wavelength. The fatigue life increases with increase in speed of the tire for a pavement and also increases with increase in the wavelength of the pavement unevenness. The results indicate that pavement unevenness signiﬁcantly inﬂuence the mechanical responses of asphalt pavements and thus inﬂuences the service life of asphalt pavements. As a result, the current M-E design algorithm of
Quadratic Differential Systems

Abstract : The report is a survey, in preliminary form, of research results obtained by the authors under the contract entitled 'A Study of Quadratically Nonlinear Differential Systems'. Its six sections are entitled Introduction, Asymptotically Transverse Systems, Behavior Near Infinity of Quadratic Systems in E sup n, Bounded Quadratic Systems in E sup 2, Critical Points of Quadratic Systems in E sup 2, and Quadratic Oscillators. (Author)
Evidence that RpoS ( (cid:2) S ) in Borrelia burgdorferi Is Controlled Directly by RpoN ( (cid:2) 54 / (cid:2) N ) (cid:1)

The alternative sigma factor (RpoN-RpoS) pathway controls the expression of key virulence factors in Borrelia burgdorferi . However, evidence to support whether RpoN controls rpoS directly or, perhaps, indirectly via a transactivator has been lacking. Herein we provide biochemical and genetic evidence that RpoN directly controls rpoS in B. burgdorferi . Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi , is the most commonly arthropod-borne States level, certain
Rubisco kinetics reveals diversity in the efficiency of

(239 words) While marine phytoplankton rival plants in their contribution to global primary 35 productivity our understanding of their photosynthesis remains rudimentary. In 36 particular the kinetic diversity of the CO 2 -fixing enzyme, Rubisco, in phytoplankton 37 remains unknown. Here we quantify the maximum rates of carboxylation ( k catc ), 38 oxygenation ( k cato ), Michaelis constants (K m ) for CO 2 (K C ) and O 2 (K O ) and 39 specificity for CO 2 over O 2 (S C/O ) for Form I Rubisco from 11 diatom species. 40 Uniquely diatom Rubisco shows extensive variations in K C (23 to 68 µ M), S C/O (57 41 to 116 mol.mol -1 ) and K O (23 to 68 µ M) relative to plant and algal Rubisco. The 42 broad range of K C values mostly exceed those of C 4 -plant Rubisco, suggesting the 43 carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) efficiency in diatoms is more diverse, and 44 more effective than previously predicted. The measured k catc for each diatom 45 Rubisco showed less variation (2.1 to 3.7 s -1 ) thus averting the canonical trade-off 46 typically observed between K C and k catc for plant Form I Rubisco. Uniquely a 47 negative relationship between K C and cellular Rubisco content was found suggesting 48 variation among diatom species in how they allocate their limiting cellular resources 49 between Rubisco synthesis and CCM efficiency. The activation status of Rubisco in 50 each diatom was low indicating a requirement for Rubisco activase. This work 51 highlights the need to better understand the correlative natural diversity between the 52 Rubisco kinetics and CCM of diatoms and the underpinning mechanistic differences 53 in catalytic chemistry among the Form I Rubisco superfamily. 54
A New Keynesian Model with Wealth in the Utility Function

This paper extends the New Keynesian model by introducing wealth, in the form of government bonds, into the utility function. The extension modiﬁes the Euler equation: in steady state the real interest rate is negatively related to consumption instead of being constant, equal to the time discount rate. Thus, when the marginal utility of wealth is large enough, the dynamical system representing the equilibrium is a source not only in normal times but also at the zero lower bound. This property eliminates the zero-lower-bound anomalies of the New Keynesian model, such as explosive output and inﬂation, and forward-guidance puzzle. and situations: positive versus negative natural rate of interest, and active versus passive monetary policy. The main result illustrated in the ﬁgure is that in the WUNK model the steady state is unique. If the natural rate of interest is positive, the ZLB is not binding and the steady state has zero inﬂation and output at its natural level. If the natural rate of interest is negative, the ZLB is binding and the steady state has deﬂation and output below its natural level.
Effects of Citrus limon Linn Juice on Reproductive Functions in Female Wistar Rats

Citrus limon Juice (CLJ) is used as a therapeutic agent due to its hypolipideamic property. It is commonly used by women as a vaginal douche. However, it is acclaimed to be used as a form of contraceptive in women. Thus, the effects of Citrus limon juice on reproductive functions in female Wistar rats were investigated. Twenty animals divided into four groups (n=5) were used for the study; Group I (control) received distilled water. Group II-IV received 1 ml/kg bodyweight of 50%, 75% and 100% CLJ respectively for 3 weeks. Oestrus cycle length and phase frequency, serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen levels, as well as histology of liver, ovary and uterus were assessed. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Student’s t-test where appropriate at P< 0.05 . Oestrus length reduced in 75% CLJ group. The frequency of Proestrus and oestrus reduced in all test groups. The frequency of metestrus increased in 75% CLJ group. Diestrus frequency increased in all test groups. Luteinizing hormone increased in 75% CLJ group. Serum level of oestrogen increased in 50% and 75% CLJ groups. Histology of the ovaries showed reduced number of follicles and degeneration of uterine glandular epithelia cells. It was therefore deduced from this study that administration of Citrus limon juice may be associated with reduced capability.
Lensing eﬀects on gravitational waves from compact binaries

: Compact binary systems, such as black holes or neutron stars, are known to emit gravitational waves as a result of energy loss while orbiting around their common center of mass. Ground-based detectors like LIGO and VIRGO have been able to detect such radiation as a ”chirp” signal in the range of frequencies emitted by these compact systems. It is known that gravitational waves can experience gravitational lensing as they travel from the binary system to the observer and pass near massive objects on their way. This produces a distortion which could be encoded in the signal we detect. In this work we analyse wave eﬀects on gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (like interference and diﬀraction) which are of possible importance in future detections by ground-based and/or space detectors.
The Levels of Salivary IgA and Lactoferrin and Some Salivary Parameters in Waterpipe Smokers and Cigarette Smokers

Background: Waterpipe and cigarette are two types of tobacco consumption, their smoking is associated with many adverse effects it has a detrimental effect on saliva and causes a reduction in salivary pH and flow rate in addition to their controversial effect on salivary IgA and lactoferrin. Materials and Methods : unstimulated saliva was collected from 84 subjects in the early morning between 8-10 am. Subjects were divided equally into three group’swaterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers all of the participants are adult male aged between 25-60 years, Sandwich ELISA technique was used for detection and estimation the level of salivary IgA and lactoferrin. Result: IgA and Lactoferrin results showed significantly(p≤0.01), higher concentration in cigarette and waterpipe smokers group than non-smokers Results also showed that Salivary flow rate(SFR) and pH was higher in the non-smoker’s group followed by waterpipe and cigarette smokers groups with a highly significant difference (p≤0.01), The correlation between Lactoferrin and salivary IgA also showed a significant (p≤0.01),moderate positive correlation in the cigarette group only. Conclusions :Smokingincrease Salivary IgA and lactoferrin concentrations while it reduces SFR and pH of saliva, a significant positive correlation was founded between lactoferrin and salivary IgA only in cigarette smokers
wage paid by central government %PIB

The economic facts of Sub Saharan countries have been stylized by Ferreira and Ravaillon (2008) based on the data collected. The authors established three key stylized facts : (i) the absence of a correlation between growth rates and changes in inequality among developing countries; (ii) the strong (positive) correlation between growth rates and rates of poverty reduction, and (iii) the importance of inequality to that relationship (Ferreira & Ravallion, 2008, p. 4). It emerges that economic growth is not sufficient to fight against poverty in Sub Africa. In fact, 41% of the people living in Sub African countries were poor in 2015 (World Bank Group, 2018, p. 10) while the region had grown by more than 5% during the last fifteen years (Imf, 2016, p. 1).
Fe II4 L 4 tetrahedron binds to non-paired DNA bases

Supporting Information for Fe4L4 tetrahedron binds to non-paired DNA bases Jinbo Zhu, Cally J. E. Haynes, Marion Kieffer, Jake L. Greenfield, Ryan D. Greenhalgh, Jonathan R. Nitschke,* Ulrich F. Keyser* a Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom; b Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
& D. (2019). Rediscovering the Idea of Cultural Heritage and the Relationship with Nature: Four Schools of Essential Thought of the Ancient Han Chinese. Heritage , 2 (3), 1812-1834.

: After a long-standing debate of pluralism in heritage conservation, the global practice has just started to broaden its view from material to people and even to nature, leading to the potential of a more comprehensive understanding and harmony between these spheres. Notwithstanding that the shift from material to people and then to nature seemingly looks like the only path in the modern heritage conservation movement to achieve the foregoing goals, in fact, there exist some regional cultures that originally featured particular views on human–nature harmony. This paper hence highlights the regional di ﬀ erence in heritage with a focus on China of ancient times, which unfolds the particular perspective emphasising the unity of human and nature. With a case study of Huaqing Palace of the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE), the research is expected to be the ﬁrst attempt to rediscover that the four schools of thought, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and I Ching , had jointly formed a “wisdom” system of the ancient Han Chinese in shaping the idea of cultural heritage, as well as the idea of heritage conservation, which were inherited by modern Chinese without knowing and recognising it. The paper, therefore, argues that without understanding and acknowledging the signiﬁcance of the ancient Han Chinese’s particular view on nature and the universe formed by the four schools of thought behind the material, it is not likely to protect and promote comprehensively their heritage value, such that the importance of cultural diversity will be just rhetoric.
Mediating E ﬀ ects of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment between Problems with Performance Appraisal and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

: The objective of this study was to test the developed models with empirical evidence regarding job satisfaction (JS) and organizational commitment (OC) as mediators and inﬂuential variables concerning problems with performance appraisal and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The sample consisted of 450 employees who worked at the operational level in automobile parts manufacturing companies in the Navanakorn Industrial Estate, Thailand. The study’s instrument was applied from previous research and veriﬁed for content validity and reliability before collecting the data. Structural equation analysis of 5000 rounds of bootstrapping was used to examine the model developed from the empirical data and the inﬂuence of problem variables in appraising work performance. The developed model ﬁtted well with the empirical evidence. JS and OC were identiﬁed as mediators among problem variables in appraising performance and OCB, while problem variables in appraising work performance inﬂuenced OCB through JS and OC. Findings from this study expand our knowledge of this ﬁeld and are useful for e ﬀ ective human resource management and performance appraisal. The developed model explains the phenomena of problems with performance appraisal concerning fairness, JS, OC, and OCB. JS and OC are useful mediators to explain and expand knowledge in human resource management and performance appraisal.
Multiband Analysis of a Sample of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies. II. Spatially Resolved and Integrated Photometry

This is the second in a series of papers devoted to the study of a sample of 28 blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs). In the first paper, we presented the broadband observations in B, V, R, and I. Deep contour maps, surface-brightness profiles, and color profiles were used to analyze and discuss their morphology and structure. Here, we present new U-band and Hα observations. We compute isophotal and asymptotic magnitudes of the sample galaxies and total Hα fluxes. Comparison with previous works is done to assess the quality of the data available for BCDs. Finally, we produce an atlas of detailed color and Hα maps, the first systematic atlas of this kind published so far. The high quality of the data allows us to identify the different star-forming knots in the maps and to discriminate between them and the regions where star formation activity has already ceased. We supplement the atlas with a morphological description of each galaxy and group the galaxies in four classes according to the distribution of their star-forming regions.
Time-resolved spectroscopy of coupled spin-valley-dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides at low temperatures

We demonstrate the exfoliation of large-area monolayer flakes prepared from bulk MoS2 crystals. The flakes are first characterized using Raman and photoluminescence measurements. We then utilize time-resolved Kerr rotation (TRKR) measurements to probe the valley dynamics in the monolayer flakes at low temperatures. This technique allows resonant excitation of the excitonic transitions and yields sub-picosecond resolution. We find valley lifetimes of about 40 ps at a temperature of 4 K in monolayer MoS2 for resonant excitation. With increasing temperatures, we observe a dramatic decrease of the valley lifetimes, indicating that valley dephasing is mediated by phonon-related scattering processes.
Cyclic Homology of Fukaya Categories and the Linearized Contact Homology

Let $M$ be an exact symplectic manifold with contact type boundary such that $c_1(M)=0$. In this paper we show that the cyclic cohomology of the Fukaya category of $M$ has the structure of an involutive Lie bialgebra. Inspired by a work of Cieliebak-Latschev we show that there is a Lie bialgebra homomorphism from the linearized contact homology of $M$ to the cyclic cohomology of the Fukaya category. Our study is also motivated by string topology and 2-dimensional topological conformal field theory.
Planning Regional Logistics Infrastructure taking into account Cross-sector Partnership of Stakeholders and Sustainable Development Principles

The objective of the study was to solve the pressing problem, which justify need for a responsible attitude of business and government towards society and the environment. The methods of determining the location of the logistics center as an object of the regional logistic infrastructure were used for this purpose, taking into account requirements and interests of all stakeholders and sustainable development principles. The methodology of the study was based on the authors’ analysis of foreign and Ukrainian publications, concerned with the formation of the regional logistics infrastructure and statements of the stakeholders’ social and environmental responsibility. The study has suggested the main principles of planning logistics infrastructure based on cross-sector partnership of stakeholders, which, in the authors’ point of view, would contribute to the sustainable development of the region and raise the level and efficiency of the regional logistics. A positive aspect of the paper was the results of analysis, namely the regional logistics center impact on the formation of sustainable development indicators in the region, the features and factors that determine the specifics of the Ukrainian regions transition to sustainable development and create preconditions for cooperation of stakeholders of different sectors such as community, business and authority.
Comparison of prostate biopsy with or without pre-biopsy multi-parametric MRI in prostate cancer detection: an observational cohort study an cohort study,

Purpose: We hypothesized that 1) introducing pre-biopsy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (PB-mpMRI) increases the diagnostic yield of transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB), and 2) this would inform recommendations regarding systematic TRPB in the “negative” PB-mpMRI setting. Materials and methods: Nine hundred and ninety-seven biopsy-naïve patients underwent TRPB alone to June 2016 (cohort A), and seven hundred and ninety-two underwent TRPB following PB-mpMRI thereafter (cohort B). Patients with PB-mpMRI lesions underwent “cognitive-targeted” plus systematic TRPB. Patients without lesions underwent systematic TRPB. Results: Cohort B comprised younger (68 v 69 years, p =0.01) men with lower PSA (7.6 v 7.9 ng/mL, p =0.024) and prostate volume (56.1 v 62cc, p =0.006). There was no increase in overall PCa detection (57.6 v 56.7%, p =0.701), Gleason grade group (GGG), or number of positive cores ( p >0.05 for each) in Cohort B versus Cohort A. Increased multi-focal prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, maximum PCa core length ( ≥ 5mm versus <5mm), and radical surgery/HIFU ( p <0.05 for each) was observed in Cohort B. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of a “negative” PB-mpMRI for GGG 2-5 PCa were 88.1%, 59.8%, 67.8% and 84% respectively. For “negative” PB-mpMRIs, a PSAd ≥ 0.15 cut-point only increased “clinically significant” PCa detection if the latter was defined as GGG 3-5 disease and/or tumor length ≥ 6mm. PB-mpMRI was incorporated into the PCa diagnostic pathway in our large referral unit in June 2016. Individuals undergoing PB-mpMRI were recommended to undergo “cognitive-targeted” and “systematic” sampling TRPB for PI-RADS 3-5 lesions, and “systematic” TRPB for “normal” (PI-RADS 1-2) PB-mpMRI. We hypothesized that PB-mpMRI increases the TRPB diagnostic yield, and that evaluating the TRPB CS-PCa diagnostic yield of “negative” PB-mpMRIs enables informed recommendations regarding biopsy. detecting “any-grade”, or CS-PCa were determined using prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, with PSAd cut-points. A 5% significance level was used. Strengths of our study include evaluation of large numbers of consecutive biopsy-naïve patients in a “real-world” clinical setting. We can also for the first time inform patients in our center of the potential outcomes of systematic TRPB following a “negative” mpMRI on the basis of various definitions of CS-PCa, allowing them to make an informed choice regarding proceeding with TRPB after PB-mpMRI. This is a particular recent issue since the publication of PROMIS and PRECISION, which have been read by well-informed patients.
PPAR d and its activator PGI 2 are reduced in diabetic embryopathy: involvement of PPAR d activation in lipid metabolic and signalling pathways in rat embryo early organogenesis

Maternal diabetes significantly increases the risk of congenital malformations, and the mechanisms involved are not yet clarified. This study was designed to address peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor d (PPAR d ) involvement in diabetic embryopathy. We investigated the concentrations of PPAR d and its endogenous agonist prostaglandin (PG)I 2 , as well as the effect of PPAR d activation on lipid metabolism and PGE 2 concentrations in embryos from control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats during early organogenesis. Embryos from diabetic rats showed decreased concentrations of PPAR d and its endogenous agonist PGI 2 when compared with controls. In embryos from control rats, the addition of the PPAR d activators (cPGI 2 and PGA 1 ) increased embryonic phospholipid levels and de novo phospholipid synthesis studied using 14 C-acetate as a tracer. PGE 2 formed from arachidonate released from phospholipid stores was also up-regulated by PPAR d activators. In embryos from diabetic rats, reduced phospholipid synthesis and PGE 2 content were observed, and clearly up-regulated by cPGI 2 additions to values similar to those found in control embryos. These data suggest that PPAR d may play an important role in lipid metabolic and signalling pathways during embryo organogenesis, developmental pathways that are altered in embryos from diabetic rats, possibly as a result of a reduction in levels of PPAR d and its endogenous activator PGI 2 .