Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of redox-responsive paclitaxel drug release platform using metal-organic frameworks (ZIF-8) for gastric cancer treatment

This paper investigated the dual-role of cystamine as a surface modification linker and stimuli-responsive material, and simplify redox-responsive drug delivery system synthesis. ZIF-8 is used as the drug delivery vehicle (due to its exceptional biocompatibility), cystamine is used as the linker and redox-sensitive material, and paclitaxel (PTX) is selected as the anti-tumor drug. Redox-responsive paclitaxel drug delivery platform based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was synthesized by using ZIF-8 as the drug delivery vehicle, and cystamine as the linker and redox-sensitive material. The morphology of ZIF-8 was determined by the Transmitting Electron Microscope (TEM), and the crystal structure was determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface modification of ZIF-8 was studied by the Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) study indicated that surface modification has little impact on the specific surface area and pore size distribution of ZIF-8. The drug release of ZIF-8/cystamine/paclitaxel was studied under different pH and glutathione concentrations. The cytotoxicity was investigated with human gastric cancer cells. Higher glutathione (GSH) concentration and lower pH were favorable to the release of paclitaxel from ZIF-8/cystamine/paclitaxel, and the drug release platform provided a higher tumor-killing effect than free paclitaxel solution.
Bank instability along a weir pool of the River Murray

ABSTRACT River banks are an important transition zone between aquatic and terrestrial environments. This ecotone is highly vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Bank erosion is a common occurrence along the River Murray. Morphological features reflecting river bank instability form a near-continuous pattern along large tracts of the river. This study investigates the character and extent of bank instability along the Torrumbarry Weir Pool. Over 90% of the bank length in this weir pool was assessed as being actively eroding. Notch development was the dominant instability mechanism and it promoted other forms of bank instability. Erosion notches result from stable water levels and inherent soil instability of the river banks along the weir pool. The character and extent of river bank erosion recorded along this section of the River Murray is an artefact of flow regulation and not a reflection of the natural occurrence of bank erosion in river networks. Water level management in the upstream weir pool has significant implications for the management of river banks along regulated reaches of the River Murray.
Diversity, phylogeny and DNA barcoding of brachyuran crabs in artificially created mangrove environments

Globally, at the rate of 1-2 percent per annum, mangrove coverings are disappearing and 35 percent have been lost in the last 20 years due to changes in climate and human activities. No mangrove-associated crabs were found when the mangroves were artificially transplanted 25 years ago in the Vellar estuary. This mangrove ecosystem was sampled for brachyuran biodiversity estimation, species abundance, composition and evaluation of the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in brachyuran crabs species identification. A total of 2844 crabs were collected, representing 35 species within 8 families belonging to 20 genera. Four brachyuran crab species, that is, Uca lactae, U. Triangularis, Selatium brockii, and Neosarmatium asiaticum account for >70% of the total abundance. An approximate 87.5% of crab species estimated to occur by various species estimator were recovered in the present study. Between Uca lactea and U. triangularis, the maximum association index value was observed (97.7%). Cluster analysis grouped the sampled stations according to the types of mangrove species, clearly influencing the structure and composition of the brachyuran crabs. In general, vegetative cover composed of multiple species of mangroves is preferred for the abundance of all collected crabs species, and particularly Neosarmatium asiaticum. Analysis of DNA barcoding indicates that 40% of the brachyuran species gathered in this sample were first barcoded. The advent of new high-throughput sequencing technologies will change biomonitoring applications and surveys drastically in the near future, making reference datasets like ours relevant.
Permeability Hysteresis From Microchannels Opening During Dissolution/Reprecipitation Cycle

Permeability is a critical parameter for geological resources characterization. Its evolution with respect to porosity is particularly interesting and many research initiatives focus on deriving such relationships, to understand some hydraulic impacts of microstructure alteration. Permeability evolution from chemical reactions, for instance, can become complex as flow channels may open during rock dissolution. In this contribution, we show that this phenomenon can lead to irregular porosity‐permeability curves and permeability hysteresis after reprecipitation. Current approaches describing permeability as a simple function of porosity can therefore not capture this behavior, and we advocate instead the use of dynamic modeling for such scenarios. We demonstrate our approach by modeling a dissolution/precipitation cycle for a unit cell pore channel and quantify the process at larger scale on three different rock samples, whose microstructures are reconstructed from segmented micro‐Computerised Tomography scans.
Recording action potential propagation in single axons using multi-electrode arrays

The small caliber of central nervous system (CNS) axons makes routine study of axonal physiology relatively difficult. However, while recording extracellular action potentials from neurons cultured on planer multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) we found activity among groups of electrodes consistent with action potential propagation in single neurons. Action potential propagation was evident as widespread, repetitive cooccurrence of extracellular action potentials (eAPs) among groups of electrodes. These eAPs occurred with invariant sequences and inter-electrode latencies that were consistent with reported measures of action potential propagation in unmyelinated axons. Within co-active electrode groups, the inter-electrode eAP latencies were temperature sensitive, as expected for action potential propagation. Our data are consistent with these signals primarily reflecting axonal action potential propagation, from axons with a high density of voltage-gated sodium channels. Repeated codetection of eAPs by multiple electrodes confirmed these eAPs are from individual neurons and averaging these eAPs revealed sub-threshold events at other electrodes. The sequence of electrodes at which eAPs co-occur uniquely identifies these neurons, allowing us to monitor spiking of single identified neurons within neuronal ensembles. We recorded dynamic changes in single axon physiology such as simultaneous increases and decreases in excitability in different portions of single axonal arbors over several hours. Over several weeks, we measured changes in inter-electrode propagation latencies and ongoing changes in excitability in different regions of single axonal arbors. We recorded action potential propagation signals in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons which could thus be used to study axonal physiology in human disease models. Significance Statement Studying the physiology of central nervous system axons is limited by the technical challenges of recording from axons with pairs of patch or extracellular electrodes at two places along single axons. We studied action potential propagation in single axonal arbors with extracellular recording with multi-electrode arrays. These recordings were non-invasive and were done from several sites of small caliber axons and branches. Unlike conventional extracellular recording, we unambiguously identified and labelled the neuronal source of propagating action potentials. We manipulated and quantified action potential propagation and found a surprisingly high density of axonal voltage-gated sodium channels. Our experiments also demonstrate that the excitability of different portions of axonal arbors can be independently regulated on time scales from hours to weeks.
Restoring p53 Function and Silencing REV3L Suppresses the Cancerous Metabolic Phenotype in Cisplatin Treated Human Non-Small Lung Carcinoma Cells

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world accounting for over one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths, but in many cases, the cancer can develop a resistance to the cisplatin-based chemotherapies. It is well known that cancer cells exhibit the Warburg effect and some studies have suggested that cancer cell metabolism may be linked to cisplatin resistance. In this study, the effects of tumor suppressor protein p53 and translesional synthesis protein REV3L are studied to relate DNA damage signaling and repair to cellular metabolism by using the fluorescence lifetime of the metabolic coenzyme NADH. It was found that simultaneously restoring function to p53 and silencing REV3L suppressed the cancerous metabolic phenotype and resulted in the greatest amount of cancer cell death. This study demonstrates a previously unrecognized relationship between p53 and REV3L in cellular metabolism and may lead to improvements in chemotherapy treatment plans that reduce cisplatin resistance in cancer cells.
Trophic interactions across lake–stream boundaries in mountain lakes

Abstract Fish can affect the mass flux of invertebrates across aquatic ecosystem boundaries, as shown by the effects of fish on export of zooplankton from lakes to outlet streams in 12 oligotrophic lakes in Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado (6 lakes and streams with fish; 6 without fish). Lakes without fish exported to streams 5 times as much zooplankton biomass as lakes with fish because of strong suppression of large zooplankton in lakes with fish. Of the zooplankton biomass exported to streams from both types of lakes, 95% was lost within 500 m of the lakes; the greatest rate of loss occurred within 10 m. Higher rates of loss for large zooplankton in streams below lakes without fish suggest that fish predation is not the primary cause for loss of zooplankton below lakes. In streams with and without fish, small zooplankton were lost at much lower rates downstream than large zooplankton. Daylight and nocturnal sampling showed much higher exports of zooplankton and, especially for large taxa, from lakes to streams at night, presumably because of diel vertical migration. Stream locations near a lake outlet had high total macroinvertebrate biomass, especially for filtering and gathering collectors as well as detritivores, indicating that macroinvertebrate predation is likely related to zooplankton mass flux. Large zooplankton also could have high vulnerability to interception by the channel substrate, which could stimulate detritivory. Biomass of all macroinvertebrates, and specifically of the filtering and gathering collectors, was lower in streams with fish because fish suppressed the export of zooplankton food for macroinvertebrates from the lakes and directly consumed macroinvertebrates. Therefore, the RMNP lakes and their outlet streams demonstrate trophic compression of stream macroinvertebrates by fish, during which macroinvertebrates are simultaneously pressured by increasing top-down forces from direct predation and reduced bottom-up forces because zooplankton are suppressed by fish in lakes.
Evaluation of the GPM-IMERG Precipitation Product for Flood Modeling in a Semi-Arid Mountainous Basin in Morocco

A new precipitation dataset is provided since 2014 by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) satellite constellation measurements combined in the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) algorithm. This recent GPM-IMERG dataset provides potentially useful precipitation data for regions with a low density of rain gauges. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the near real-time product (IMERG-E) compared to observed rainfall and its suitability for hydrological modeling over a mountainous watershed in Morocco, the Ghdat located upstream the city of Marrakech. Several statistical indices have been computed and a hydrological model has been driven with IMERG-E rainfall to estimate its suitability to simulate floods during the period from 2011 to 2018. The following results were obtained: (1) Compared to the rain gauge data, satellite precipitation data overestimates rainfall amounts with a relative bias of +35.61% (2) In terms of the precipitation detection capability, the IMERG-E performs better at reproducing the different precipitation statistics at the catchment scale, rather than at the pixel scale (3) The flood events can be simulated with the hydrological model using both the observed and the IMERG-E satellite precipitation data with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.58 and 0.71, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the GPM-IMERG-E precipitation estimates can be used for flood modeling in semi-arid regions such as Morocco and provide a valuable alternative to ground-based precipitation measurements.
The Role of Social Enterprises in Urban Sustainability: Insights from Anyang, South Korea

The collaboration of Social enterprises (SEs) and the government to maximize the socio-economic prosperity of citizens, including minor ethnic groups and low-income classes, is one of the key tools that leads to the sustainable development of a city. Notably, though, is that a seamless coordination of development processes between SEs and relevant government agencies is often challenging to attain because it is usually affected by several factors. Some of these factors include lack of enough funding, depletion of natural resources and inadequate social capital. Besides such factors, there has also been another conspicuous factor— the increasing number of emerging cities, an example being the City of Anyang, which is located in Gyeonggi province of South Korea. Based on the issue of emerging cities, the objective of conducting this research was to find out what mechanisms of SEs can positively affect sustainable development and urban regeneration for the City of Anyang. As for the methodology, primary data were collected by use of questionnaires and the methodologies of factor analysis and correlation analysis tools, such as Cronbach and varimax rotation, applied to evaluate the results. The sample of the survey consisted of 1062 stakeholders recruited from over 18 economic sectors. The findings suggest that a significant number of respondents demonstrated a low confidence level in the social enterprises’ abilities to address all the emerging economic and social development issues. Regardless of the low levels of confidence exhibited by the study participants in the ability of SEs to address emerging economic and social development issues, other factors, such as employment creation, support for vulnerable groups, and environmental conservation had significantly high scores. Based on these findings, it is a reasonable assertion that SEs can effectively use these abilities to affect urban regeneration and sustainable development positively. Unfortunately, other values associated with enterprises, such as promoting access to quality education, affordable housing, addressing financial exclusion and disability, provision of the grants to other organizations, and support to other social enterprises, were ranked below the expected level. Based on the results from the study, it is evident that instruments of SEs, such as supporting the vulnerable population, the creation of employment opportunities, and environmental conservation positively influence Anyang’s urban regeneration process and its sustainable development.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Parupeneus barberinus (Perciformes, Mullidae): mitogenome characterization and phylogenetic analysis

Abstract Parupeneus barberinus is a tropical/subtropical reef-dwelling marine fish belonging to the family Mullidae. Herein, we report the first sequencing and assembly of the complete mitochondrial genome of P. barberinus. The complete mitochondrial genome is 16,560 bp long and has the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region. Phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial genomes of 18 species showed that P. barberinus is clustered with P. multifasciatus and P. chrysopleuron and rooted with other Mullidae species. This mitochondrial genome provides potentially important resources for addressing taxonomic issues and studying molecular evolution.
Environmental commitment and firm financial performance: a moderated mediation study of environmental collaboration with suppliers and CEO gender

Purpose Prior studies have found a mixed result on the relationship between environmental commitment and firm performance. To shed a new light on this relationship, this study aims to draw on stakeholder theory, upper echelon theory and gender socialization theory to determine the mediating role of environmental collaboration with suppliers and the moderating role of chief executive officers (CEOs) gender into this relationship. Design/methodology/approach This study conducts a questionnaire survey to collect sample data of 177 CEOs in manufacturing firms in China. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze data and test hypotheses. Findings Empirical results show that environmental commitment has a positive influence on firm financial performance. Furthermore, the results show that environmental collaboration with suppliers mediates the link between environmental commitment and financial performance. In addition, CEO gender has a moderating effect on the relationship between environmental commitment and environmental collaboration with suppliers. Finally, CEO gender also moderates the indirect effect of environmental commitment on financial performance through environmental collaboration with suppliers. Originality/value Findings of this study helps to clarify the mediating and moderating mechanism in the relationship between environmental commitment and firm performance. That is this study helps to clarify the mixed relationship between environmental commitment and firm performance in prior literature. This study also provides new insight and knowledge for business managers to make better decision in dealing with the environmental issue to enhance firm performance.
Physiological stress response associated with elevated CO2 and dissolved iron in a phytoplankton community dominated by the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi

: We exposed a natural phytoplankton community to combined present (390 µatm, low carbon [LC]) and future CO 2 levels predicted for the year 2100 (900 µatm, high carbon [HC]), and ambient (4.5 nM, −DFB [desferoxamine B]) and high (12 nM, +DFB) dissolved iron (dFe) levels, for 25 d in mesocosms. We report on the physiological response of the community dominated by the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi . The community structure shifted on Day 10, leading to 2 different phases (1 and 2), i.e. before and after Day 10, respectively. We focussed on the massive bloom of E. huxleyi that developed in Phase 2, in the LC+DFB treatment. In high dFe conditions, pigments and photosynthetic parameters increased compared to the control (LC−DFB). Cell death was only detected during the community shift (Days 10−12) and mostly increased in the presence of high CO 2 . The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased under high dFe, point-ing to an efficient, rather than a stressed, metabolism. DNA lesions, caused by excess irradiance, were minimised under high Fe. E. huxleyi is known for its low Fe requirements for growth. How-ever, we demonstrate that Fe is essential to E. huxleyi for DNA repair and ROS management, and to maintain optimal functioning of the photosynthetic machinery, with implications for carbon cycling and future ecosystem functioning.
Jumps and oil futures volatility forecasting: a new insight

This study designs the Markov-switching (MS) mixed data sampling (MIDAS) models and then explores the effects of intraday and interday jumps on oil futures price realized volatility. The in-sample estimates show that the current realized volatility and jumps have significantly positive impacts on oil futures price volatility using MIDAS models. However, the effects of the jumps are mixed when using MS-MIDAS models. Out-of-sample evaluations show that our proposed model, which includes continuous volatility and jumps based on the Time-of-Day volatility pattern (TOD) test combined with the Markov-switching MIDAS model (MS-MIDAS-TOD), exhibits a higher predictive ability for forecasting one-day-ahead oil futures volatility. Moreover, we further find that the improved results of this model remain significant over medium-term and long-term horizons and can also outperform a simple combination forecast.
In-depth analysis of the emotional reactivity of American mink (Neovison vison) under behavioral tests

Abstract: Currently, the importance of research into the behavior of farm animals is being highlighted. Monitoring animal temperament is a key aspect in improving their well-being. The aim of the study was to search for indicators facilitating classification of the emotional reactivity of mink (Neovison vison) using behavioral tests: glove and empathic tests. Both tests were applied to 760 mink in triplicate to assess their behavioral profile. Based on the obtained assessments, the animals subjected to the empathic test were classified into one of the four behavioral profiles: aggressive, curious, fearful, and neutral. The contact time of the mink with the new object in the empathic test clearly differentiates all four types of mink behavior. The significantly longest contact with the object was found for aggressive, and the shortest for neutral animals. The intensity and time of contact with the object may be an indicator of the behavioral profile of mink. Based on the results, it can be concluded that an additional predictor of the mink reactivity during behavioral tests should be taken into account, the intensity of contact with the object measured both by the intensity of direct contact and by the duration of this contact. The results shown in this study can be used as a selection indicator by including the temperament of farm mink in selection.
Longitudinal variability in lateral hydrologic connectivity shapes fish occurrence in temporary floodplain ponds

Dynamic flow regimes maintain critical connections between main channel and adjacent floodplain habitats that provide fish access to shelter, foraging, and spawning opportunities. Our study advances the understanding of these processes by exploring the importance of coupled longitudinal-lateral connectivity for determining species occurrence in headwater streams of the Amazon. Using a multi-species occupancy model, we revealed a clear pattern of species addition in the downstream direction in temporary floodplain ponds, associated with changes in the pool of potential colonists present in the channel and with increasing lateral hydrologic connectivity. Species that are more tolerant of stagnant waters and those able to disperse in shallow habitats (e.g. Anablepsoides micropus) occurred frequently in ponds along the entire longitudinal extent, whereas those species preferring lotic habitats were present only in the most downstream sites. We also observed increasing similarity of pond and channel communitie.