Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scheduling management and optimization analysis of intermediate products transfer in a shipyard for cruise ships

Shipbuilding is a complex and large-scale operation involving many intermediate products (blocks) and the frequent transfer of blocks among workshops and stockyards. The reasonable use of methods to complete the transfer scheduling of intermediate products is of great importance. In this paper, the blocks and the flat transporters are the research objects. Based on organizing the various logistical processes for blocks and the circulation process in the shipyard, we established a model that takes the task time window and other factors as constraints, and minimizes the sum of delay time and no-load time of flat transporters while satisfying the punctuality of scheduling tasks. Three conclusions are reached: (1)The flat transporter utilization rate is inversely related to the value of the objective function. The smaller the value of the objective function, the more the usage rate of a particular one (2) loading is the biggest obstacle to the overall working time of flat transporters, and a simple optimization model cannot solve this problem; and (3) based on the optimization model, the load efficiency of flat transporters can be improved, and the delivery time can be reduced.
Implementation of a Teledentistry Platform for Dental Emergencies for the Elderly in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile

Objectives To develop and implement a “semi-presential” technology platform to support urgent and priority dental care for the elderly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Chilean population. Methods A dental mobile clinic was implemented along with the development of a technological platform designed to support emergency and priority dental procedures, including teleconsultation with specialists. Under strict biosafety protocols, dental care was provided in five Chilean regions between February and May 2021. Sociodemographic, medical, and dental data were recorded. Results A total of 135 patients over sixty years old, with a mean age of 72 years, were treated, 48 males and 87 females were attended between February and May 2021 in five different regions of Chile. 53.3% required immediate or urgent treatment, and 24.4% were derived to specialists from whom 60.6% needed immediate or urgent treatment. 74.3% of teleconsultations were derived to an oral pathology specialist. Conclusion It was shown that a “semi-presential” technology platform implemented in a mobile dental clinic can help elderly people who are impeded to look for traditional dental assistance during a pandemic.
Science of quality improvement – from vision to reality: Experience from a leading academic healthcare center in Qatar

Quality improvement and patient safety are cornerstones to the delivery of effective patient care. The introduction of a quality improvement curriculum for medical students and trainee physicians can have a significant effect on their understanding of the science of improvement and its role in improving the quality of healthcare delivery and patient safety. The article describes the development and implementation of a quality improvement curriculum for trainee physicians in the department of internal medicine at a tertiary care center in Qatar through online training courses, workshops, didactic activities, and trainee-led quality improvement projects.
Interaction between grasping and articulation: How vowel and consonant pronunciation influences precision and power grip responses

Grasping and mouth movements have been proposed to be integrated anatomically, functionally and evolutionarily. In line with this, we have shown that there is a systematic interaction between particular speech units and grip performance. For example, when the task requires pronouncing a speech unit simultaneously with grasp response, the speech units [i] and [t] are associated with relatively rapid and accurate precision grip responses, while [ɑ] and [k] are associated with power grip responses. This study is aimed at complementing the picture about which vowels and consonants are associated with these grasp types. The study validated our view that the high-front vowels and the alveolar consonants are associated with precision grip responses, while low and high-back vowels as well as velar consonants or those whose articulation involves the lowering of the tongue body are associated with power grip responses. This paper also proposes that one reason why small/large concepts are associated with specific speech sounds in the sound-magnitude symbolism is because articulation of these sounds is programmed within the overlapping mechanisms of precision or power grasping.
DNS of surface textures to control the growth of turbulent spots

A spectral DNS code was used to study the growth and spreading of turbulent spots in a nominally laminar, zero-pressure gradient boundary layer. In addition to the flat wall case, an investigation was also conducted of the interaction of these spots with riblets, fins, and “spanwise-damping fins”. The flat plate, surface textures, and initial spot perturbation were simulated via an immersed boundary method, and a “suction-wall” allowed the available channel code to model a boundary layer. In all cases, self-similar arrowhead shaped spots formed. A decrease in spreading angle was observed for cases with real fins, with the largest decrease of between 11% and 23% of the flat wall value (depending on the technique used to calculate the angle) corresponding to the most closely spaced fins. The spanwise-damping fins had little effect at the largest spacings. At the lowest spacing, corresponding to the best case of the real fins, the damping fins reduced the spreading angle by 56% to 74% of the flat wall value. The riblets tested here had double the spacing of the most effective fins, but were still able to reduce spot growth by 7% to 10% of the flat wall value.
On the theory of ion noise in microwave tubes

Summary form only given, as follows. Microwave tubes have been plagued by what has been called 'ion noise' for decades now. This is a slow phase modulation of the output signal in time with a period that typically depends on the background pressure. Recently there has been an extensive study of the ion noise phenomena at NSWC, Crane, Indiana on a CW X-band tube called the continuous wave illuminator (CWI). These measurements attempt to ascertain properties of the ion noise with microwave measurements. Earlier, there had been an analogous study of ion effects in a high power klystron, this time by studying the ion current to the cathode. These measurements are in many ways complementary. This work discusses initial theoretical interpretations of these measurements. Some things analyzed are the effect of the beam ripples and ions on the microwave phase shift, the effect of ionization by the secondary electrons, steady state ion current to the cathode in a beam with no ripples, ion relaxation oscillations in a beam with ripples, and the effect of a depressed collector and its role as a Penning trap for the secondary electrons. Finally, the possible role of different types of particle in cell numerical simulations is discussed.
Interrater Reliability, Acceptability, and Practicality of Real-Time Video Pediatric Gait, Arms, Legs, and Spine for Musculoskeletal Assessment of Children During Telemedicine Visits

Background/Objective With the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, telemedicine applications gained momentum, and clinicians tried to develop various musculoskeletal examination methods to be used in telemedicine visits. The aim of this study is to investigate the interrater reliability, acceptability, and practicality of the real-time video Pediatric Gait, Arms, Legs, and Spine (v-pGALS) assessment used in the evaluation during the telemedicine visit. Methods The study was designed as cross-sectional. Twenty school-aged children who presented to outpatient clinics with musculoskeletal complaints were included. For interrater reliability, the children were evaluated by face-to-face examination with v-pGALS, and then the child was reevaluated by another physiatrist with real-time evaluation (online video call) with the help of a parent. For acceptability, the time taken and the discomfort caused were evaluated by patients/parents with the smiley face visual analog scale, whereas to assess practicality, the ratio of completeness to duration of examination completion was recorded. Results κ coefficient of the agreement was found to be 0.88 between the results of the face-to-face examination and online video examination, suggesting very good agreement between the 2 raters. Acceptability of v-pGALS by parents and patients was high; 60% of children and 80% of parents found the duration of examination acceptable, and 70% of the patients and 95% of parents reported no discomfort caused by examination. The duration of face-to-face examination was 5.75 ± 1.29 minutes, whereas the duration of online examination was 15.81 ± 4.9 minutes. Conclusions Video pGALS is a reliable, acceptable, and practical examination system that can be used for musculoskeletal assessment of children in telemedicine visits.
Syddansk Universitet Penicillin treatment for patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Denmark a retrospective cohort study

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a severe infection, with high mortality. Antibiotic strategies for CAP differ across Europe. The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiology of CAP in Denmark and evaluate the prognosis of patients empirically treated with penicillin-G/V monotherapy. Methods: Retrospective cohort study including hospitalized patients with x-ray confirmed CAP. We calculated the population-based incidence, reviewed types of empiric antibiotics and duration of antibiotic treatment. We evaluated the association between mortality and treatment with empiric penicillin-G/V using logistic regression analysis. Results: We included 1320 patients. The incidence of hospitalized CAP was 3.1/1000 inhabitants. Median age was 71 years (IQR; 58–81) and in-hospital mortality was 8%. Median duration of antibiotic treatment was 10 days (IQR; 8–12). In total 45% were treated with penicillin-G/V as empiric monotherapy and they did not have a higher mortality compared to patients treated with broader-spectrum antibiotics (OR 0.92, CI 95% 0.55–1.53). Conclusion: The duration of treatment exceeded recommendations in European guidelines. Empiric monotherapy with penicillin-G/V was commonly used and not associated with increased mortality in patients with mild to moderate pneumonia. Our results are in agreement with current conservative antibiotic strategy as outlined in the Danish guidelines.
TIDES AND EPISODES OF SEVERE COASTAL EROSION ON THE COAST OF SALVADOR , BAHIA STATE , BRAZIL

The coastline of Bahia State, Brazil, in the eastern sector of the northeastern region of Brazil, has a total of 20 beaches, 14 of which are located on the open sea (Atlantic Ocean), while the others are sheltered in the Todos os Santos Bay. Many of these beaches have been or are currently being affected by episodes of severe coastal erosion which are intrinsically related to both anthropogenic and natural processes. This study aimed to use statistical analyses of information and data, such as photos, texts from local newspapers, synoptic maps and reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction to identify severe erosion events related to meteorological tides on the Salvador coastline during the period from 1965 to 2006. The results show that most erosion events appear to be associated with the occurrence of meteorological tides and have great destructive potential. We found that the combination of i) the occurrence of spring tides with ii) the arrival of cold fronts and/or coupling of a high pressure system with a trough in the lower levels of the atmosphere and iii) winds predominately from S and SE, that through Ekman transport, promotes pilling up of water against the coast, favours the increase of the water level and wave height and range along the coast.
Scientific Information Concerning the Issue of Whether Prions Are a “Pest” under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

This paper reviews currently available scientific information pertaining to the issue of whether a prion (“proteinaceous infectious particles”) should be considered to be a “pest” as defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). The scientific information in this review has been considered by the EPA work group that developed the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that proposes to establish a prion as a pest under FIFRA.
Clinical Features of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis in African American Patients in the United States

Background/Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the clinical features at presentation of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) between African American (AA) and White patients. Methods This is a chart review of cases between January 2003 and December 2018. African American patients with AAV were identified and matched in a 1:2 ratio with White comparators based on the year of diagnosis (±4 years). Data on demographics, clinical, and laboratory features and outcomes at presentation were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the characteristics between groups. Results Thirty-two of 56 AA patients with AAV had complete data and were included for analysis. When compared with 64 matched White patients with AAV, AA patients were younger (47.5 vs 61.0 years, p = 0.001). Compared with White patients, AA patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (35 vs 55 years, p = 0.0006) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) (55.5 vs 65.0 years, p = 0.05) were younger. African American patients with GPA were more frequently female (p = 0.008), whereas AA patients with MPA were more frequently male (p = 0.03). No differences in disease manifestations, disease activity, and outcomes were observed between AA and White patients with AAV. Conclusions In this single-center study, AA patients with AAV were diagnosed at a younger age than Whites; this was found in both the GPA and MPA disease phenotypes. No other significant differences were observed. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and better describe differences of AAV in racial/ethnic minorities.
Quantifying Regional Methane Emissions in the New Mexico Permian Basin with a Comprehensive Aerial Survey.

Limiting emissions of climate-warming methane from oil and gas (O&G) is a major opportunity for short-term climate benefits. We deploy a basin-wide airborne survey of O&G extraction and transportation activities in the New Mexico Permian Basin, spanning 35 923 km2, 26 292 active wells, and over 15 000 km of natural gas pipelines using an independently validated hyperspectral methane point source detection and quantification system. The airborne survey repeatedly visited over 90% of the active wells in the survey region throughout October 2018 to January 2020, totaling approximately 98 000 well site visits. We estimate total O&G methane emissions in this area at 194 (+72/-68, 95% CI) metric tonnes per hour (t/h), or 9.4% (+3.5%/-3.3%) of gross gas production. 50% of observed emissions come from large emission sources with persistence-averaged emission rates over 308 kg/h. The fact that a large sample size is required to characterize the heavy tail of the distribution emphasizes the importance of capturing low-probability, high-consequence events through basin-wide surveys when estimating regional O&G methane emissions.
Central nervous system immune interactome is a function of cancer lineage, tumor microenvironment, and STAT3 expression

BACKGROUND Immune cell profiling of primary and metastatic CNS tumors has been focused on the tumor, not the tumor microenvironment (TME), or has been analyzed via biopsies. METHODS En bloc resections of gliomas (n = 10) and lung metastases (n = 10) were analyzed via tissue segmentation and high-dimension Opal 7-color multiplex imaging. Single-cell RNA analyses were used to infer immune cell functionality. RESULTS Within gliomas, T cells were localized in the infiltrating edge and perivascular space of tumors, while residing mostly in the stroma of metastatic tumors. CD163+ macrophages were evident throughout the TME of metastatic tumors, whereas in gliomas, CD68+, CD11c+CD68+, and CD11c+CD68+CD163+ cell subtypes were commonly observed. In lung metastases, T cells interacted with CD163+ macrophages as dyads and clusters at the brain-tumor interface and within the tumor itself and as clusters within the necrotic core. In contrast, gliomas typically lacked dyad and cluster interactions, except for T cell CD68+ cell dyads within the tumor. Analysis of transcriptomic data in glioblastomas revealed that innate immune cells expressed both proinflammatory and immunosuppressive gene signatures. CONCLUSION Our results show that immunosuppressive macrophages are abundant within the TME and that the immune cell interactome between cancer lineages is distinct. Further, these data provide information for evaluating the role of different immune cell populations in brain tumor growth and therapeutic responses. FUNDING This study was supported by the NIH (NS120547), a Developmental research project award (P50CA221747), ReMission Alliance, institutional funding from Northwestern University and the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and gifts from the Mosky family and Perry McKay. Performed in the Flow Cytometry & Cellular Imaging Core Facility at MD Anderson Cancer Center, this study received support in part from the NIH (CA016672) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Research Specialist award 1 (R50 CA243707). Additional support was provided by CCSG Bioinformatics Shared Resource 5 (P30 CA046592), a gift from Agilent Technologies, a Research Scholar Grant from the American Cancer Society (RSG-16-005-01), a Precision Health Investigator Award from University of Michigan (U-M) Precision Health, the NCI (R37-CA214955), startup institutional research funds from U-M, and a Biomedical Informatics & Data Science Training Grant (T32GM141746).
Changes of the diurnal cycle structures of selected meteorological parameters of Potsdam Station for the summer season

Using cluster analysis, patterns of diurnal cycles were calculated based on hourly values of temperature, cloud cover, sunshine frequency, vapour pressure and relative humidity at Potsdam Station for the period June to August 1893–2000. It was shown that the large-scale climate variations of the last century are reflected in the temporal behaviour in some of these patterns. These temporal changes occur in a highly differentiated manner over the day. Additionally, relationships between the investigated parameters and precipitation and also the appearance of extremes were considered.
Poorer survival outcomes in patients with multiple versus single primary melanoma

Given equivocal results related to overall survival (OS) for patients with multiple primary melanomas (MPMs) compared with those with single primary melanomas (SPMs) in previous reports, the authors sought to determine whether OS differs between these 2 cohorts in their center using their UPCI‐96‐99 database. Secondary aims were to assess the differences in recurrence‐free survival (RFS). In a subset of patients, transcriptomic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed to assess disease‐associated genes of interest.
Artificial Intelligence for Colonoscopy: Past, Present, and Future

During the past decades, many automated image analysis methods have been developed for colonoscopy. Real-time implementation of the most promising methods during colonoscopy has been tested in clinical trials, including several recent multi-center studies. All trials have shown results that may contribute to prevention of colorectal cancer. We summarize the past and present development of colonoscopy video analysis methods, focusing on two categories of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies used in clinical trials. These are (1) analysis and feedback for improving colonoscopy quality and (2) detection of abnormalities. Our survey includes methods that use traditional machine learning algorithms on carefully designed hand-crafted features as well as recent deep-learning methods. Lastly, we present the gap between current state-of-the-art technology and desirable clinical features and conclude with future directions of endoscopic AI technology development that will bridge the current gap.
Keep it Simple, Laboratory Parameters to Predict Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children Younger Than Five Years

Background The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis in the youngest age lacks specific signs and symptoms, and it is difficult to obtain an accurate clinical diagnosis. Once the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to determine if the appendicitis is simple and able to be managed non-surgically, or complicated, therefore requiring surgery. Together with the clinical picture and imaging, routine laboratory values play a vital role in this decision. The aim of this study is to evaluate routine blood in their ability to differentiate between complicated and uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted from a single pediatric surgery department of all children 5 years of age or younger who underwent surgery for acute appendicitis between the years 2010-2020. Results 728 children were diagnosed with acute appendicitis, and 42 children were under the age of 5 years. There was a significant difference in the C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in the complicated group versus the uncomplicated group. The value of these together for prediction complicated appendicitis were 84.8% sensitivity, 80.9% specificity, 82.8% positive predictive value, and 72.8% negative predictive value. These values were all higher than both the Alvarado score and the PAS (P < .05). Conclusions C-reactive protein, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio are simple laboratory parameters that can help identify complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis in children 5 years old or younger. These universal parameters may help guide the treatment and decision to operate on a difficult to diagnose population.
Highly Accurate Methods For Solving Elliptic AndParabolic Partial Differential Equations

This paper is a study of two approaches to obtain very high accuracy in timedependent parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with the use of the C∞ multiquadric (MQ) radial basis functions (RBFs). For the spatial part of the solution, the MQ-RBF is generalized having the form, φj(x) = {(x-xj)2 +cj} and β > −1/2 can be either a half integer, or any number, excluding a whole integer. The other shape parameter, cj , is allowed to be different on the boundary and the interior, and is permitted to vary with odd and even values of the index, j. The temporal and spatial variations of the solution, U(x,t) are treated by the separation of variables in which the temporal portion is accounted by the expansion coefficients and the spatial portion is accounted by the MQ-RBFs. It was observed that the PDE on the interior is really a system of time dependent ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with either stationary or non-stationary constraints on the boundary. The solution of the time advanced expansion coefficients both on the interior and on the boundary can be accomplished by analytical methods, rather than by low order time advanced schemes.