Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conditions and Synthesis of Adaptive Prescribed-Time Controllers

This article addresses conditions and synthesis of adaptive prescribed-time controllers. The sufficient condition says that a system can achieve prescribed-time stabilization if its certain variant can be made globally bounded (on infinite-time interval). From the condition, one can know far more varieties of (uncertain nonlinear) systems can achieve prescribed-time control, rather than just special varieties in the related literature. The necessary condition states that a system can achieve prescribed-time stabilization attached global uniform boundedness (GUB) on finite-time interval only if it, by some feedback type, can achieve GUB on infinite-time interval. From the condition, or rather, its converse-negative version, one can see that what kind of systems cannot virtually achieve the prescribed-time stabilization attached GUB for some feedback type. The sufficient condition builds on two crucial transformations, which change prescribed-time convergence on finite-time interval into global boundedness on infinite-time interval. With the aid of the conditions and transformations, we conduct the synthesis of adaptive prescribed-time controllers for general uncertain nonlinear systems typically with unknown control directions. By integrating time-varying factors into Lyapunov functions, an adaptive smooth controller is devised such that the system states converge to zero before an arbitrarily prescribed time, while the controller and its dynamic gains are bounded.
Study on the Origin and Evolution of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Surface Structures: LIPSS, Quasi-Periodic Grooves, and Aperiodic Micro-Ridges

We investigate the evolution mechanisms of the laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and quasi-periodic grooves that are formed on the surface of monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si) when exposed to femtosecond laser radiation of different pulse duration, state of polarization, and fluence. The conditions required for producing LIPSS-free complex micro-ridge patterns are elaborated. The LIPSS evolution mechanism is explained in terms of scattering/interference-based phenomena. To establish the basis for our interpretation, single femtosecond pulses of different pulse durations are irradiated on mono-Si. The absence/appearance of LIPSS rudiments is explained in the context of spectral bandwidth and the associated effects on the intensity of the central wavelength. Shorter fs pulses of a wider bandwidth are employed to induce LIPSS-free micro-ridge patterns. It is demonstrated that the resultant micro-ridge patterns depend on the laser fluence distribution and can be manipulated through laser polarization. The curved morphology of LIPSS rudiments and the evolution mechanism of low- and high-spatial frequency LIPSS, i.e., LSFL and HSFL, are discussed. Finally, it is demonstrated that the consolidated quasi-periodic grooves result from HSFL welding together groups of LSFL. Although our findings are based on fs laser interaction with mono-Si, the results can also be applied to many other materials.
Effect of acupuncture on the modulation of functional brain regions in migraine: A meta-analysis of fMRI studies

Background Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, is an effective migraine treatment, especially in improving pain. In recent years, many acupuncture brain imaging studies have found significant changes in brain function following acupuncture treatment of migraine, providing a new perspective to elucidate the mechanism of action of acupuncture. Objective To analyse and summarize the effects of acupuncture on the modulation of specific patterns of brain region activity changes in migraine patients, thus providing a mechanism for treating migraine by acupuncture. Methods Chinese and English articles published up to May 2022 were searched in three English databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane) and four Chinese databases (China national knowledge infrastructure, CNKI; Chinese Biomedical Literature database, CBM; the Chongqing VIP database, VIP; and the Wanfang database, WF). A neuroimaging meta-analysis on ALFF, ReHo was performed on the included studies using Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI) software. Subgroup analyses were used to compare differences in brain regions between acupuncture and other groups. Meta-regression was used to explore the effect of demographic information and migraine alterations on brain imaging outcomes. Linear models were drawn using MATLAB 2018a, and visual graphs for quality evaluation were produced using R and RStudio software. Results A total of 7 studies comprising 236 patients in the treatment group and 173 in the control group were included in the meta-analysis. The results suggest that acupuncture treatment helps to improve pain symptoms in patients with migraine. The left angular gyrus is hyperactivation, and the left superior frontal gyrus and the right superior frontal gyrus are hypoactivated. The migraine group showed hyperactivation in the corpus callosum compared to healthy controls. Conclusion Acupuncture can significantly regulate changes in brain regions in migraine patients. However, due to the experimental design of neuroimaging standards are not uniform, the results also have some bias. Therefore, to better understand the potential mechanism of acupuncture on migraine, a large sample, multicenter controlled trial is needed for further study. In addition, the application of machine learning methods in neuroimaging studies could help predict the efficacy of acupuncture and screen migraine patients suitable for acupuncture treatment.
The Impact of E-Leadership Competencies on Workplace Well-Being and Job Performance: The Mediating Role of E-Work Self-Efficacy

Teleworking is a new business reality that entails adapting leadership styles to function effectively in a virtual environment. Technologically enabled leadership, or e-leadership, is promising for the telework norm. However, studies on e-leadership are in the early stages. Inspired by this need and drawing insight from social cognitive theory, this study explores the mediating role of e-work self-efficacy in the relationship between e-leadership competencies and workplace well-being and job performance. Data from 269 teleworkers worldwide were analyzed using partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM). The findings show that e-worker self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between e-leadership competencies and workplace well-being and fully mediates the relationship between e-leadership competencies and job performance. A teleworker-friendly business model can be achieved by equipping e-leaders with competencies that will enhance the employee’s self-efficacy and performance. A discussion of the findings, contributions, limitations, and future directions is provided.
Distributed Estimation With Adaptive Cluster Learning Over Asynchronous Data Fusion

In the electronic information era, the wireless sensor network (WSN) has always been an essential foundation for information collection, processing, and communication. In WSN with multitask estimation, distributed cooperation estimation with cluster learning has always been an attractive topic. When the unknown estimation parameters become complex, some cluster learning algorithms may not work, and their estimation performance could degrade. In addition, the problems of time delay, caused by synchronous data fusion, and different sampling rates between different types of sensors are usually neglected in practical applications. To solve these problems, an unsupervised distributed multitask estimation algorithm with adaptive cluster learning over asynchronous data is proposed to obtain a more accurate estimation. In the proposed algorithm, the time delay and different sampling rates are fully considered and investigated. The mean stability, mean-square convergence, and behavior of adaptive cluster learning are analyzed for the proposed algorithm with asynchronous data. Finally, simulations are provided to demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Line integral representation of the modal radiation for an open-ended waveguide

A line integral representation of the Kirchhoff-type aperture integration is derived for an open-ended waveguide with arbitrary cross section, excited by an arbitrary mode. The problem is formulated by taking advantage of the equivalence between the radiation of the aperture and the radiation of the modal currents along the semi-infinite waveguide walls.
Design of an optimal servomechanism with preview action and its dual problem

This paper presents a method for designing a type-one servomechanism for a conlinuous-time linear system subject to a previewable desired output and an unmeasurable step disturbance. By applying the linear quadratic integral technique, a state-feedback controller with integral and preview actions is derived. We show that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable and hence achieves a complete regulation under the stabilizability and detectability assumption. We also show that the preview servomechanism problem is the dual of a smoothing problem for a linear stochastic system with a brownian-motion input. An example is included to illustrate the transient response and frequency characteristics of the closed-loop system.
Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression

Intense exercise can cause inflammation and oxidative stress due to the production of reactive oxygen species. These pathophysiological processes are interdependent, and each one can induce the other, creating a vicious circle. A placebo-controlled blind study was carried out in show jumping horses (n. 16) to evaluate the effects of a commercial dietary supplement (Dolhorse® N.B.F. Lanes srl, Milan, Italy) containing Verbascum thapsus leaf powder (1.42%), Curcuma longa (14.280 mg/kg), and Boswellia serrata (Roxb ex Colebr) (14.280 mg/kg) extracts. Before and after 10 days of dietary supplementation, blood samples were collected to evaluate the protein levels, antioxidants, and inflammatory responses by proteomic analysis or real-time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time RT-PCR). A total of 36 protein spots, connected to 29 proteins, were modulated by dietary supplementation, whereas real-time RT-PCR revealed a significant downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α (p < 0.05) and interleukin-6 (0.005), toll-like receptor 4 (p < 0.05), and IKBKB (p < 0.05) in supplemented sport horses. Immunoglobulin chains, gelsolin, plasminogen, vitamin D binding protein, apolipoprotein AIV, and filamin B were overexpressed, whereas haptoglobin, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α2-macroglobulin, afamin, amine oxidase, 60S acidic ribosomal protein, and complement fragments 3, 4, and 7 were reduced. No effect was observed on the antioxidant defense systems. The present results suggest this phytotherapy may reinforce the innate immune responses, thus representing a valid adjuvant to alleviate inflammation, which is a pathophysiological process in sport horses.
Review of neurodevelopmental disorders in patients with HNF1B gene variations

This review investigates the association between neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and variations of the gene HNF1B. Heterozygous intragenetic mutations or heterozygous gene deletions (17q12 microdeletion syndrome) of HNF1B are the cause of a multi-system developmental disorder, termed renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD). Several studies suggest that in general, patients with genetic variation of HNF1B have an elevated risk for additional neurodevelopmental disorders, especially autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but a comprehensive assessment is yet missing. This review provides an overview including all available studies of patients with HNF1B mutation or deletion with comorbid NDD with respect to the prevalence of NDDs and in how they differ between patients with an intragenic mutation or 17q12 microdeletion. A total of 31 studies was identified, comprising 695 patients with variations in HNF1B, (17q12 microdeletion N = 416, mutation N = 279). Main results include that NDDs are present in both groups (17q12 microdeletion 25.2% vs. mutation 6.8%, respectively) but that patients with 17q12 microdeletions presented more frequently with any NDDs and especially with learning difficulties compared to patients with a mutation of HNF1B. The observed prevalence of NDDs in patients with HNF1B variations seems to be higher than in the general population, but the validity of the estimated prevalence must be deemed insufficient. This review shows that systematical research of NDDs in patients with HNF1B mutations or deletions is lacking. Further studies regarding neuropsychological characteristics of both groups are needed. NDDs might be a concomitant of HFN1B-related disease and should be considered in clinical routine and scientific reports.
Surface Waves and Coastal Dynamics

This review covers theoretical advances made during the past decade for predicting or understanding wind-induced waves and associated coastal processes. First, the offshore propagation over many wavelengths is discussed. An effective approximation which permits practical calculations of both refraction and diffraction over a mildly sloping bottom is given. For still longer distances nonlinear effects accumulate to become important; recent progress in the parabolic approximation for the refraction and diffraction of short waves is also reviewed. The nearshore region is discussed and the infragravity waves which are caused by nonlinear interactions of short waves within a narrow frequency band are surveyed. The effects of a gradual or sudden change of depth or a steady current on the modulation of short waves and the generation of long infragravity waves is also discussed. A discussion of infragravity waves which resonate in harbours and the strong resonance of edge waves on beaches is made. The final topics are concerned with the causes and effects of bars and ripples on the seabed.
Identification of QTLs and Putative Candidate Genes for Plant Architecture of Lotus Revealed by Regional Association Mapping

The lotus (Nelumbo Adans.) is one of the most economically relevant ornamental aquatic plants. Plant architecture (PA) is an important trait for lotus classification, cultivation, breeding, and applications. However, the underlying genetic and molecular basis controlling PA remains poorly understood. In this study, an association study for PA-related traits was performed with 93 genome-wide microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeat, SSR) and 51 insertion–deletion (InDel) markers derived from the candidate regions using a panel of 293 lotus accessions. Phenotypic data analysis of the five PA-related traits revealed a wide normal distribution and high heritability from 2013 to 2016, which indicated that lotus PA-related traits are highly polygenic traits. The population structure (Q-matrix) and the relative kinships (K-matrix) of the association panels were analyzed using 93 SSR markers. The mixed linear model (MLM) taking Q-matrix and K-matrix into account was used to estimate the association between markers and the traits. A total of 26 markers and 65 marker–trait associations were identified by considering associations with p < 0.001 and Q < 0.05. Based on the significant markers, two QTLs on Chromosome 1 were identified, and two candidate genes were preliminarily determined. The results of our study provided useful information for the lotus breeding aiming at different PA phenotypes using a molecular-assisted selection (MAS) method and also laid the foundation for the illustration of the molecular mechanism underlying the major QTL and key markers associated with lotus PA.
A note on food consumption and growth of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis)

Food consumption, body weight and body length were recorded in four female common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) at Marineland of New Zealand between 1974 and 1996. The study is based on historical data that were recorded for short-term husbandry purposes. The composition and caloric value of the diet sometimes varied from day to day. The food intake quantities should therefore be viewed as rough weight estimates of what wild conspecifics might eat (depending on their diet). Annual food intake of two dolphins increased to 3,300kg at around 12 years of age, after which it decreased, stabilising at around 2,200kg between the ages of 16 and 25 years. Annual food intake of the other two animals increased to 2,700kg at six/seven years of age, then declined and stabilised at around 2,100kg between the ages of seven/eight and 12 years. The weights of two of the animals were first recorded at the ages of seven and eight years. During the following 19 years, their body weight gradually increased by about 15kg. The other two animals grew from around 57kg at the age of two/three years to about 100kg at around 12 years of age. The two animals grew much in length when they were between two and eight years old. The other two animals appeared to have reached asymptotic length by 18 and 19 years of age when their length was measured for the first time. As body weight increased, daily food consumption as a percentage of body weight decreased. At a body weight of around 60kg, the dolphins consumed the equivalent of around 12% of their body weight per day. When body weight had reached around 100kg, daily consumption had fallen to around 6% of body weight.
Generalized nonelliptic moveout approximation in τ-p domain

We have derived a generalized nonelliptic moveout approximation in the τ-p domain that is a companion to the generalized nonhyperbolic moveout approximation in the t-x domain. Approximation requires five parameters: three parameters that can be determined from the zero-slowness ray and two parameters that can be determined from one additional ray. We convert the generalized approximation from the τ-p domain to the t-x domain and vice versa. The generalized nonelliptic moveout approximation in the τ-p domain admits other moveout approximations as special cases. Several analytical and numerical tests showed a superior accuracy of the generalized nonelliptic moveout approximation.
An improved scheme for the fuzzifier in fuzzy clustering

Clustering is an important research area and of practical applications in many fields. Fuzzy clustering has shown advantages over crisp and probabilistic clustering especially when there are significant overlaps between clusters. However, all of the fuzzy clustering algorithms are sensitive to an exponent parameter, namely the fuzzifier. To our knowledge, no theoretical foundations are yet available for the optimal choice of this parameter. The current work develops an improved scheme for the fuzzifier by embedding more knowledge about the data set to cluster in its computation.
Rigorous estimates for the 2D Oseen–Brinkman transmission problem in terms of the Stokes–Brinkman expansion

In this paper we consider the problem of two‐dimensional (2D) steady flow of a viscous incompressible fluid at low Reynolds number past a porous body of arbitrary shape whose boundary is a closed Lipschitz curve. Assuming that the flow inside the porous body is governed by the Brinkman equation, we consider indirect layer potential representations corresponding to Brinkman, Stokes and Oseen systems. We show that the boundary integral equations of the Oseen–Brinkman coupling turn out to be a regular perturbation of those of the Stokes–Brinkman coupling. This allows us to prove that the difference between the first terms of the matched asymptotic expansions of the Stokes system and of the Oseen system is of the order |ln Re|−3 uniformly in any compact region of ℝ2. Since it is not known whether the coupled Brinkman–Navier–Stokes 2D interface problem has a solution and whether it can be approximated (if exists) by the Brinkman–Oseen transmission problem, these estimates can be considered as a first step in the complete analysis of 2D low Reynolds number flow past a porous body. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COMPARISON AND PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF WIND PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPINGING JET AND WALL JET

Impinging jet and wall jet are used respectively as a wind field model, and numerical simulation is performed by adopting the RNG k-e turbulence model based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) to obtain a steady wind field. Based on the numerical simulation with varying parameters, such as inflow diameter(Djet), the ratio of inflow height and diameter(H/Djet)and inflow velocity(Vjet) in impinging jet, inflow height and inflow velocity(Vjet) in wall jet, different downburst wind profiles are obtained with different parameters, and the effects of these initial parameters on downburst wind profile characteristics were analyzed. The wind profile comparison of the wall jet and the impinging jet indicates that the horizontal component of its wind speed fits well in each radial position. Main features of the wind profile of horizontal component of both impinging jet and wall jet are obtained, while there are larger differences in the vertical component of the wind speed. Overall, when only considering the horizontal component of the wind speed, wall jet can be used as the model of a downburst in structural wind engineering field. By treating the outflow separately from the impinging jet through the wall jet model, the outflow region of the downburst can be simulated at a large-scale experiment in boundary layer wind tunnel.
Net clinical benefit of oral anticoagulants in Korean atrial fibrillation patients with low to intermediate stroke risk: A report from the Clinical Survey on Stroke Prevention in patients with Atrial Fibrillation (CS‐SPAF)

The balance of stroke risk reduction and potential bleeding risk associated with antithrombotic treatment (ATT) remains unclear in atrial fibrillation (AF) at non‐gender CHA2DS2‐VASc scores 0–1. A net clinical benefit (NCB) analysis of ATT may guide stroke prevention strategies in AF with non‐gender CHA2DS2‐VASc scores 0–1.
Visualization of Electrolyte Reaction Field Near the Negative Electrode of a Lead Acid Battery by Means of Amplitude/Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy

The precise observation of a solid–liquid interface by means of frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) was performed, demonstrating its applicability to a study on lead acid batteries using an electrochemical test cell for in-liquid FM-AFM embedded with a specialized cantilever holder. The consistency and reproducibility of each surface profile observed via amplitude modulation AFM and FM-AFM were verified properly in a strong acidic electrolyte. In terms of FM-AFM, the ability to observe remarkable changes in the force mapping is the most beneficial, especially near the negative electrode surface. The localization of lignosulfonate (LS) added into the electrolyte as an expander could be visualized since this characteristic force mapping was captured when LS was added to electrolyte.