Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
XVIII.—On the Functions which are represented by the Expansions of the Interpolation-Theory

Let ƒ(x) be a given function of a variable x . We shall suppose that ƒ(x) is a one-valued analytic function, so that its Taylor's expansion in any part of the plane of the complex variable x can be derived from its Taylor's expansion in any other part of the plane by the process of analytic continuation.
A wind in the Galaxy

Since the neutral gas distribution in the disk exhibits a minimum from 0.5 to 4 kpc (in the bulge), we investigate whether a bulge wind is responsible for keeping this region gas-poor. Analytic methods are used to show that a wind must exist throughout most of the bulge, if current estimates of supernova heating rates and stellar mass-loss rates are even roughly correct. With a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model which includes a bulge and disk of stars and a disk of gas, we examined the interaction between the bulge wind and the disk of gas. Regardless of the temperature or thickness of the disk gas (e.g., a thin H I layer, or a large, hot corona), the bulge wind is never stopped from flowing. If thermal conduction is inefficient between the wind and cold molecular clouds in the bulge, a wind exists for r>r/sub crit/, where r/sub crit/< or =0.1 kpc. If conduction is efficient, molecular clouds refrigerate the wind nearest the Galactic center so that 0.3 kpc
Modelling and stability analysis of emergent behavior of scalable swarm system

In this paper we propose a two-layer emergent model for scalable swarm system. The first layer describes the individual flocking behavior to the local goal position (the center of minimal circumcircle decided by the neighbors in the positive visual set of individuals) resulting from the individual motion to one or two farthest neighbors in its positive visual set; the second layer describes the emergent aggregating swarm behavior resulting from the individual motion to its local goal position. The scale of the swarm will not be limited because only local individual information is used for modelling in the two-layer topology. We study the stability properties of the swarm emergent behavior based on Lyapunov stability theory. Simulations showed that the swarm system can converge to goal regions while maintaining cohesiveness.
Ensemble Kalman Filter Analyses and Forecasts of a Severe Mesoscale Convective System Using Different Choices of Microphysics Schemes

AbstractA Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF)-based ensemble data assimilation system is used to produce storm-scale analyses and forecasts of the 4–5 July 2003 severe mesoscale convective system (MCS) over Indiana and Ohio, which produced numerous high wind reports across the two states. Single-Doppler observations are assimilated into a 36-member, storm-scale ensemble during the developing stage of the MCS with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) approach encoded in the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART). The storm-scale ensemble is constructed from mesoscale EnKF analyses produced from the assimilation of routinely available observations from land and marine stations, rawinsondes, and aircraft, in an attempt to better represent the complex mesoscale environment for this event. Three EnKF simulations were performed using the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) one- and two-moment and Thompson microphysical schemes. All three experiments produce a linear convective segment at the final.
Enabling OTFS-TSMA for Smart Railways mMTC Over LEO Satellite: A Differential Doppler Shift Perspective

Recently, grant-free orthogonal time–frequency space-based tandem spreading multiple access (OTFS-TSMA) is proposed for machine-type communications (mMTCs) in smart railways environmental sensing. To achieve massive connections with scarce radio resources, OTFS-TSMA combines the advantages of OTFS and TSMA. It shows high connectivity and reliability under time–frequency-selective fading channels. Meanwhile, smart railways require over-horizon and all-weather environmental sensing based on mMTC, and the implementation of both would cost a lot in terrestrial networks. With the development of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, enabling smart railways mMTC over LEO satellite is a potential diagram. However, in this scenario, due to the larger transmission delay and Doppler frequency shift, the time–frequency resource requirements of the OTFS modulation-based system increase significantly and are difficult to meet. To this end, OTFS-TSMA based on differential Doppler shift is proposed in this article. Specifically, in this article, the satellite-to-ground communication system model consisting of three sections is introduced, and the Doppler shift and differential Doppler shift characteristics of access points (APs) are investigated. Next, it is proven that designing OTFS-based multiple access schemes over the LEO satellite based on differential Doppler shift is not only resource-friendly but also has the advantages of service continuity and controllable multiuser interference. Then, the transceiver of differential-Doppler-shift-based OTFS-TSMA and its improved designs are proposed. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed transceiver realizes high resource efficiency, collision resolution capability, and reliability for smart railways mMTC over the LEO satellite.
Pose Relations: Learning Physical Properties for the Digital Buildability Validation of Fasteners

Validating the buildability of a complex product on the basis of its digital geometric prototype is essential in order to detect problems early during development. In general, overlaping components are potentially problematic. Especially fasteners cause many of these intersections. To validate an intersection involving a fastener requires to check the relative position of the fastener to its counterpart (pose relation). The pose relation is uncritical if the fastener is sufficiently centered in the corresponding hole of its counterpart. This goes far beyond a geometric question because the tolerances with regard to centering depend on the individual fastener and its physical properties. Since this validation requires a high degree of technical know-how it is currently done manually by engineers with high effort. In this paper, we present an automated solution for the classification of pose relations involving fasteners. Our approach maps the components to images using cylindrical projections. These are passed to a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which classifies the pose relation into critical or non-critical. During training, the labeling of the images implicitly gives the CNN the physical knowledge about the individual tolerances of the fasteners. In our experiments, we show that the CNN is able to generalize the physical properties and to transfer them to pose relations involving new fasteners, not seen in training.
Exploring the Geometry of Generative Priors with Applications in Cellular MRI

Judicious utilization of appropriate priors is essential for solving ill-posed inverse problems, especially with limited measurements. Recently, generative priors have shown impressive performance in solving inverse problems for image reconstruction, including biomedical imaging. On the one hand, the architecture of generative models plays a key role in shaping the priors, which can capture hidden structures in the signal of interest. For example, ReLU generative networks induce special partitions in the latent space and affinely map them to affine sets in the image space. On the other hand, the training data also manipulates the geometry of the latent space by adjusting the parameters of trained generative priors. In this work, we study the interplay between the architecture of generative priors and training data, and how it can be utilized for designing better reconstruction algorithms. We will focus on a specific class of inverse problems that arise in cellular and molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), where labeled macrophages and cells are tracked in vivo to understand immunotherapy responses. We will utilize our understanding of this interplay to develop algorithms that can potentially enhance the performance of cellular MRI.
A new holographic metal/superconductor phase transition model

We study a holographic superconductor model with Stuckelberg mechanism in the four-dimensional AdS black hole background. We explore the effects of the model parameters on the scalar condensation and conclude that this new model allows first-order phase transitions to occur when the model parameter is above a threshold value. Finally, we examine the effects of the back-reaction parameters on the threshold values.
Variational and Generalized Variational Inequalities with Discontinuous Mappings

Abstract In this paper, we derive several existence results for the variational and the generalized variational inequality problems where the mappings under consideration need not have any continuity properties. Uniqueness of the solution of the generalized variational inequality problem is also investigated. As a by-product, we obtain several existence and uniqueness results for the generalized complementarity problem. Applications to minimization problems with generalized convex functions are considered.
Comparison Between A Three Level Inverter Synchronous Reluctance Machine and A Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine Drives

This paper is concerned with the use of a three level neutral point clamped (3L-NPC) inverter for a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMaSynRM). A comparison is conducted between a 3L-NPC inverter SynRM and PMaSynRM drives. The SynRM suffers from a poor power factor. Poor power factor translates to the need for a bigger inverter, moreover increases the challenge of balacing the two dc link capacitors of the three level 3L-NPC inverter. Using permanent magnets to assist the SynRM improves the power factor of the electric machine. This results in reduced burden of the 3L-NPC inverter dc link capacitors balancing algorithm. The inverter size can also be reduced to suit the size of the electrical machine. The three level inverter SynRM drive produced lower torque ripple of 0.7% as compared to the PMaSynRM drive. However the three level inverter PMaSynRM drive had a higher Root Mean Square (RMS) voltage for the same dc link voltage as compared to that of the SynRM drive. This would result in higher machine speed achieved as compared to the SynRM drive and ultimately higher constant power speed range which is desirable for traction applications. The neutral point voltage ripple between two drives was relatively the same with only a difference of 0.3%.
High electric fields and surface layers in very thin single crystal plates of triglycine sulfate

We have recently seen drastic changes of electrical properties in newly available very thin single crystal plates of triglycine sulfate. They can be considered as arising from a high internal field (1 MV/m in a 1 μm thick plate cut perpendicular to the axis, electrodes short circuited). This electric field is explained in a new phenomenological surface-layer model where spontaneous polarization slightly increases at the surface.From the experimental data the surface layer thickness e0/2 and the change of spontaneous polarization are estimated at 20°C for a 1 μm thick plate:[image omitted] The surface layer has specific properties: higher Curie temperature than the bulk, smaller dielectric constant and its external part is in a depolarizing field, but small enough (33 MV/m) to permit a metastable state.
Test Voltage Frequency Effects on Electric Field Profiles in MV Cable Joints

On-site testing of cable systems is performed to verify the components' integrity and the installation work's quality. Although power cable systems operate at 50 Hz power frequency, they are commonly tested using 0.1 Hz Very Low Frequency (VLF) during on-site commissioning. In that regard, there is a knowledge gap in understanding how electric field stress distribution behaviour within Medium Voltage (MV) power cable systems varies under these 0.1 Hz VLF test conditions. This knowledge gap compromises the reliability of power cable accessories tests. Thus, this study aimed to identify the extent electric stress distribution is affected by variations in test voltage frequency. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation models of an MV Joint were developed and analysed to compare 50 Hz power frequency to the 0.1 Hz VLF test condition. An equivalent resistance and capacitance (RC) circuit model was developed to validate and interpret the obtained simulation results within the cable joint. It has been confirmed that a change in voltage frequency from 50 Hz to 0.1 Hz causes changes in the electric field profile in the accessories. Questions arise on the efficacy of VLF tests on shielded power cables in comparison with 50 Hz tests.
An Assessment of some Power Converter Topology Evaluation Metrics

Many different power electronics topologies can fulfil the same conversion function. However, there are no systematic topology evaluation methods. Compared to competing topologies, assessment metrics supplied with new topologies are normally chosen to show the new ones in the best light. This paper assesses several different topology performance metrics to establish a systematic approach to topology evaluation. Four different single-switch DC-DC buck topologies are used to illustrate their use. Comparative plots are presented and discussed to help interpret the metrics. A new unified metric is proposed for simplified topology evaluation.
Age Detection of Catfish Breeding Based on Size Using The YOLO V3

Catfish is one type of fish that is widely cultivated by fish farmers because it has the ability to adapt to any kind of water condition. In the process of catfish farming, farmers must take care of catfish seeds first. In caring for catfish seedlings, breeders can provide feed in the form of microbes for these catfish seeds and breeders must separate catfish seedlings with age differences to prevent cannibalism because catfish have cannibalistic nature. Subur Jaya Farm is one of the farms in the Tambun area, West Bekasi. At this farm, the current process of separating catfish seeds is carried out in three stages, namely by transferring all catfish seeds into a cleaner container, then farmers will see one by one the size of the catfish seeds because the age of the catfish seeds can be seen from their size. Finally, farmers can move catfish seeds of the same size to a new place. However, this process takes a lot of time and has the potential to cause errors in the separation by farmers because they are not careful when looking at the size of the catfish seeds. Therefore, to overcome these problems, this study will apply Yolo V3 method to detect the age of catfish seedlings based on size. The results of this study showed an average accuracy value of 84% in the testing process. The highest accuracy value was 99% for 6 catfish seeds and the lowest was 26% for 7 catfish seedlings.
Graph-based Simultaneous Localization and Bias Tracking for Robust Positioning in Obstructed LOS Situations

We present a factor graph formulation and particle-based sum-product algorithm for robust localization and tracking in multipath-prone environments. The proposed sequential algorithm jointly estimates the mobile agent's position together with a time-varying number of multipath components (MPCs). The MPCs are represented by “delay biases” corresponding to the offset between line-of-sight (LOS) component delay and the respective delays of all detectable MPCs. The delay biases of the MPCs capture the geometric features of the propagation environment with respect to the mobile agent. Therefore, they can provide position-related information contained in the MPCs without explicitly building a map of the environment. We demonstrate that the position-related information enables the algorithm to correctly infer the agent position even in fully obstructed LOS situations. In a challenging scenario we demonstrate the presented algorithm to significantly outperform state-of-the-art multipath-aided tracking algorithms and show that the performance of our algorithm attains the posterior Cramér-Rao lower bound (PCRLB).
Development of a Dispersion Model for Volcanic Gas over Miyake Island

A very fine mesh dispersion model was developed for volcanic gas over Miyake Island. The model consisted of a meteorological prediction part and a dispersion part. The multi-nesting method was used for the meteorological prediction part to express the field, depending on synoptic weather pattern in this study. The grid size of the innermost model was 100 m. The days when the observed SO2 concentration was comparatively high were chosen for the verification of the model. Four cases of 24-hour numerical simulations were conducted. We try to reproduce the SO2 concentration in each situation. Following results were derived. The effect of the advection was dominant as compared with other physics, so the volcanic gas moved leeward. Even the slight change of the wind direction largely varied the concentration. The volcanic gas spread widely, in case of weak wind at night, because of the mountain breeze. Although there were some cases of time-lags of the peaks, and some degrees of overestimation, or underestimation, each situation was almost well reproduced.
Broadband Antenna Design for Terahertz Communication Systems

This paper provides an overview of broadband terahertz antenna elements and arrays for integrated communication systems. The fundamental challenges of integrated on-chip and off-chip antenna design, the trade-offs between performance metrics, and the impact of interface between the chip and off-chip antennas are studied in detail. The limitations and benefits of various interface technologies are discussed. The deployment of printed circuit boards (PCB) and flexible printed circuits (FPC) technologies for implementation of efficient broadband antennas is compared against on-chip counterparts. As a proof of concept, an off-chip antenna for the 91–134 GHz is presented.
AMIP: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project.

The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) is an international effort to determine the systematic climate errors of atmospheric models under realistic conditions, and calls for the simulation of the climate of the decade 1979-1988 using the observed monthly averaged distributions of sea surface temperature and sea ice as boundary conditions. Organized by the Working Group on Numerical Experimentation as a contribution to the World Climate Research Programme, AMIP involves the international atmospheric modeling community in a major test and intercomparison of model performance; in addition to an agreed-to set of monthly averaged output variables, each of the participating models will generate a daily history of state. These data will be stored and made available in standard format by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Following completion of the computational phase of AMIP in 1993, emphasis will shift to a series of diagnostic sub-projects, now being planned, for the detailed examination of model performance and the simulation of specific physical processes and phenomena. AMIP offers an unprecedented opportunity for the comprehensive evaluation and validation of current atmospheric models, and is expected to provide valuable information for model improvement.
Reionization and thermal evolution of a photoionized intergalactic medium.

In most models of the reionization of the intergalactic medium, sources of UV radiation create ionized regions around them which expand until they overlap. The gas is impulsively heated when it enters one of these ionized regions. We discuss the various physical effects that determine the temperature of the gas after the passage of the ionization front. Sources with different spectra may heat the surrounding gas to different temperatures, creating large-scale inhomogeneities of the gas temperature in the Universe. The presence of helium is particularly important, since it allows the post-reionization temperature to reach values as high as ∼ 5×10 4 K. Subsequent adiabatic heating as gas collapses into haloes can raise the temperature even more, explaining large b-parameters in Lyα clouds in the minihalo model
Synthesis of zinc fulleride (ZnxC60) thin films with ultra-low thermal conductivity

The structure and physical properties of doped fullerene materials were investigated for their interesting thermal properties. The synthesis and thermal properties of ZnxC60 thin films are reported. Thin films of ZnxC60 were found to have an exceedingly low thermal conductivity of 0.13 Wm−1 K−1. Differential scanning calorimetry results suggested that a temperature of 357 °C is needed in order to fully intercalate the Zn with the C60. Both charge transfer and covalent bonding (between Zn and C60) should be considered when attempting to understand the Raman spectra observed. Moreover, the ZnxC60 thin films created represent an interesting class of materials that could find use in several thermal applications. Furthermore, in the present case, the exceptionally low thermal conductivity is accompanied by a substantial increase in the electrical conductivity, suggesting interesting thermal and electrical transport.
Temporal phase retrieval in dynamic speckle interferometry by adaptive emperical mode decomposition

Dynamic speckle interferometry using temporal phase analysis has larger measurement range and is easier to setup over phase-shifting based speckle interferometry. Hilbert transform (HT) is a widely used approach to implement analytic method based phase retrieval. To fulfill the requirements of HT based phase retrieval, EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition) can be applied to remove the bias intensity. With the low noise assumption, the first IMF was taken as the input for HT. However, according to our experiments, some dynamic speckle signals are not as good as assumed. In many cases, the first IMF is not the proper one. To find the proper IMF, we proposed to adaptively find the IMF of largest similarity with the input signal. And the similarity is evaluated by mutual information. Simulation experiments were given to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Sustainability at Branchless Banking Service

The prime objective of this research is to examine the relationship between service quality and company image on repurchase decisions of branchless banking by customers mediated by satisfaction. This is quantitative research in which the data collection method used an online survey that was distributed to 259 BRILink customers in Bogor. The data analysis method used in this research is SEM PLS analysis. The findings of this study indicate that service quality and company image have a positive significant influence both on consumer satisfaction and on repurchase decisions. While customer satisfaction has a positive mediator effect between company image and service quality on repurchase decisions. Service quality is the most dominant determinant factor in this research for the customers to do repurchase decisions for BRILink service in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The output of this research may provide insight into the repurchase decision of branchless banking services which will help Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) to concept the policy and service quality of branchless banking services.