Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal Pain in Family Caregivers: Does a Therapeutic Physical Program in Primary Care Work? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Family caregivers play a crucial role in the overall healthcare system and in our society. The elderly population is significantly increasing, which creates a high demand for family caregivers. Few studies have investigated the impact of caregiving on musculoskeletal pain or proposed an active approach for dealing with it. Objectives: To determine and characterize musculoskeletal pain in female family caregivers (FFCs) and assess the effects of adding a therapeutic exercise program to a family caregiver care program (FCCP) on the quality of life, physical conditions, and psychological well-being of FFCs. Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 68 FFCs recruited in two public healthcare areas. The intervention and control groups received the same conventional FCCP for 6 h across 4 sessions. The intervention group received an additional 36 sessions of physical therapeutic exercise (PTE) program over 12 weeks. Results: All caregivers reported having pain in particular locations. Lower back pain and neck pain were the locations most frequently cited, with a prevalence of 69.4% and 56.7%, respectively. In total, 80% of participants presented moderate pain intensity. The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the intensity of the pain (p < 0.001), as well as in anxiety, depression, subjective burden perception (p < 0.01), and quality-of-life variables, including MCS (mental component summary) (p < 0.05) and PCS (physical component summary) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A PTE program improved the musculoskeletal pain of FFCs in a clinically relevant way. The caregivers who improved the most were those who initially presented the most intense pain, had the greatest levels of disability, and had the lowest quality of life.
Systematic Review of the Treatment of Persistent Hyperparathyroidism Following Kidney Transplantation

Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder is one of the complications associated with chronic kidney disease. About 10–50% of patients following kidney transplantation have persistent hyperparathyroidism. Hypercalcaemic hyperparathyroidism has a negative impact on the kidney transplant outcome; therefore, it requires treatment. The data regarding the treatment of persistent hyperparathyroidism provided in scientific publications are divergent and contradictory. Therefore, the aim of our systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of persistent hyperparathyroidism treatment in patients following kidney transplantation. The Cochrane, PubMed, and Scopus databases were browsed independently by two authors. The search strategy included controlled vocabulary and keywords. The effectiveness of calcitriol, paricalcitol, cinacalcet, and parathyroidectomy was compared and analysed. The mean calcium and parathormone (PTH) concentrations per patient in the group of paricalcitol increased by 1.27% and decreased by 35.14% (n = 248); in the group of cinacalcet decreased by 12.09% and 32.16% (n = 368); and in the group of parathyroidectomy decreased by 19.06% and 86.49% (n = 15) at the end of the study compared to the baseline (n = 244, n = 342 and n = 15), respectively. Paricalcitol, cinacalcet, and parathyroidectomy decreased the intact PTH level. Cinacalcet and parathyroidectomy lowered calcium levels in renal transplant patients with hypercalcaemia. Conversely, paricalcitol increased the serum calcium concentration. Cinacalcet seems to be a good candidate in the treatment of post-transplant hyperparathyroidism.
Finite-time control of direct current–direct current boost converters in the presence of coil magnetic saturation

This paper focuses on the global stabilization problem of controlling direct current–direct current switched power converters in the presence of coil magnetic saturation. A finite-time controller is investigated for the modified nonlinear system model by utilizing an adding a power integrator technique. With the finite-time control scheme, not only a faster convergence rate is obtained, but also better suppression ability to the inevitable disturbances is achieved for the closed-loop system. Simulation comparison results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
An adaptive infeasible interior-point algorithm with full-Newton step for linear optimization

We present an adaptive full-Newton step infeasible interior-point method for linear optimization, which is an improved version of the algorithm introduced by Roos [C. Roos, A full-Newton step O(n) infeasible interior-point algorithm for linear optimization, SIAM J. Optim. 16 (2006), pp. 1110–1136]. In each iteration of the algorithm we use the largest possible barrier parameter value θ. The value θ varies from iteration to iteration and it lies between the two values and , which results a faster algorithm.
Examining the Nocebo Effect in Trials of Neuromodulators for Use in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction

INTRODUCTION: Nocebo effects are believed to influence the rate of reported adverse events (AE) and subject withdrawal in both the treatment and placebo groups of randomized clinical trials (RCT). Neuromodulators are commonly prescribed to treat disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), but adherence to these medications is often limited by side effects such as headache, dry mouth, fatigue, and altered bowel habits. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the proportion and risk difference of patients who experienced side effects leading to withdrawal in the placebo arm vs the treatment arm of RCT of neuromodulators for DGBI. We also sought to estimate the risk of developing any AE in the placebo arm of these studies and the rate of specific individual AEs. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Searches to identify RCT that included terms for DGBI and for commonly prescribed neuromodulators. We calculated pooled proportions of patients experiencing an AE leading to withdrawal in the active treatment group vs the placebo group with 95% confidence intervals (CI), the pooled proportions of patients experiencing any AE, the pooled proportions of patients experiencing specific AE such as dizziness and headache, the pooled proportions of patients experiencing severe AE, and corresponding pooled risk differences with 95% CI. RESULTS: There were 30 RCT included representing 2,284 patients with DGBI. Twenty-seven RCT reported data on AE leading to withdrawal. The pooled proportion of total patients with AE leading to withdrawal in the placebo group was 4% (95% CI 0.02–0.04). The pooled proportion of patients with AE leading to withdrawal who received neuromodulators was 9% (95% CI 0.06–0.13). In the 12 studies reporting data on patients experiencing at least 1 AE, the pooled proportion of patients experiencing any AE in the placebo group was 18% (95% CI 0.08–0.30), compared with 43% (95% CI 0.24–0.63) in the neuromodulator group. Thus, approximately 44% of the rate of withdrawal (0.04/0.09) and 42% of the rate reporting any side effects (0.18/0.43) in the neuromodulator group may be attributed to nocebo effects in the right context. Subgroup analysis by sex, medication class, risk of bias, and specific DGBI revealed differing withdrawal rates. There was no statistically significant difference in patients experiencing individual AE of dizziness, headache, or diarrhea. Rates of dry mouth, fatigue, and constipation were higher in treatment groups compared with those in placebo groups. DISCUSSION: Patients with DGBI in RCT randomized to placebo groups frequently experience AE and AE that lead to withdrawal consistent with a strong nocebo effect. Nonspecific AE such as dizziness, headaches, and diarrhea occurred similarly in patients receiving placebo compared with those receiving neuromodulators.
Adult Avoidant Attachment, Attention Bias, and Emotional Regulation Patterns: An Eye-Tracking Study

Proximity-seeking in distress situations is one of attachment theory’s primary strategies; insecure individuals often also develop secondary strategies. The mechanisms implied in attachment deactivation constitute a key issue in the current debate related to their role in support-seeking. The main aim of this study is to investigate the attachment deactivation strategy and the processes of proximity/support-seeking under distress conditions by analyzing the attentional processes (i.e., an essential emotion-regulation strategy), using eye-tracking techniques. Seventy-two participants (45 female; Mage 23.9 ± 3.97) responded to the ECR-R questionnaire in order to identify their attachment style. They participated in an experimental situation in which they had to choose between pictures of care or pictures of food, following the presentation of threatening or neutral prime conditions (via the pictures’ stimuli). Results showed that a care–consistency response pattern was the most frequent pattern of response, particularly under a threatening condition; on the contrary, only avoidant individuals showed a lower care–consistency response pattern by choosing food pictures. The overall findings demonstrate that avoidant individuals used the deactivation strategy to process comfort-related attachment pictures, suggesting that they considered these stimuli to be threatening. The implications for attachment theory and particularly for avoidant strategies are discussed.
Refinement of third body parameters and new photometric results for the early-type multiple system IU Aurigae

The massive eclipsing binary system IU Aurigae is re-analyzed in the context of new photometric observations and an improved treatment of its long-term period changes (O–C diagram) derived from new times of minima. The best-fit of the O–C curve reveals that the third component is orbiting around the system with a period of 293.3 days in a highly eccentric orbit ($e = 0.62$). A solution of the most recent UBV light curves obtained during 1997/1998 showed a third light contribution of ≈ 23% and continuation of the orbital plane precession of IU Aurigae. Since the revised mass of the third component deduced from the analysis of the O–C curve of $m_3=14.2$ $M_{\odot}$ would imply a larger fraction of third light than suggested by the value of 23% derived from the light curve analysis, the third body is possibly composed of two components. A q -search test applied to the UBV light curves yields a minimum ${\chi^2}$ value at $q=0.67 \pm 0.02$, which confirms previous photometric and spectroscopic solutions.
Rheometric investigation on the temporal shear thickening of dilute micellar solutions of C14‐, C16‐, and C18TAB∕NaSal

The rheological behavior and especially the rheopexy phenomena of dilute self-assembled solutions in the presence of a counterion are examined in stationary and transient shear flows. In the first part, a continuous and gradually increasing strain is applied on the same sample. We study the effect of the initial shear rate, the temporal variation of the viscosity, and the hysterisis between charge and discharge curves. The results show that the properties of shear thickening are independent of the initial shear rate. In the second part, fresh samples are successively subjected to increasing shear strains; this method allows us to follow the evolution of the rheological characteristics during long measuring durations and gives us a distinct picture of the behavior per shear rate. In both cases, we confirm that the chain length has a strong influence on the emergence and amplitude of the shear thickening. It was also found by studying the start-up flow behavior that the structure at equilibrium is composed of bigger structures for longer chain lengths. The maximum of the viscosity in the shear thickening transition occurs in a range of lower shear rates when enough time is given to the system to undertake the formation of the shear induced structure. Considering this result, we introduce the concept of “temporal shear thickening transition. ”The rheological behavior and especially the rheopexy phenomena of dilute self-assembled solutions in the presence of a counterion are examined in stationary and transient shear flows. In the first part, a continuous and gradually increasing strain is applied on the same sample. We study the effect of the initial shear rate, the temporal variation of the viscosity, and the hysterisis between charge and discharge curves. The results show that the properties of shear thickening are independent of the initial shear rate. In the second part, fresh samples are successively subjected to increasing shear strains; this method allows us to follow the evolution of the rheological characteristics during long measuring durations and gives us a distinct picture of the behavior per shear rate. In both cases, we confirm that the chain length has a strong influence on the emergence and amplitude of the shear thickening. It was also found by studying the start-up flow behavior that the structure at equilibrium is composed .
VORTEX FORMATION FROM A FORCED SYSTEM OF TWO CYLINDERS. PART I: TANDEM ARRANGEMENT

Abstract The wakes between and downstream of a tandem arrangement of two cylinders are investigated at a Reynolds number of 160. The cylinder system is subjected to controlled excitation over a range of excitation frequency and phase angle between the oscillating cylinders. Use of the hydrogen bubble technique allows visualization of the wake regions and laser-Doppler anemometry leads to wake spectra. It is possible to attain locked-on response, such that the near-wake structure is phase-locked to the motion of the cylinder system, over a much wider range of excitation frequency than for the corresponding single cylinder. Outside the region of locked-on response, modulated, highly repetitive wake patterns occur; these patterns repeat at a multiple of the period of the cylinder oscillation. For closely spaced cylinders, it is possible to attain a regime sensitive to the phase angle between the cylinders; transformation between locked-on and modulated response occurs when the phase angle is varied. The foregoing types of modulated and locked-on response can be classified according to the type of spectrum of the velocity fluctuation in the near-wake. These spectra can exhibit a large number of peaks, each of which can be traced to one or more of the following origins: the frequency of the cylinder oscillation and its harmonics; the inherent vortex formation frequency from the two-cylinder system; a modulation frequency; and sum and difference components of the foregoing.
Dynamical properties of quasihyperbolic toral automorphisms

Abstract We study the dynamical properties of ergodic toral autmorphisms that have some eigenvalues of modulus one. For such automorphisms, all sufficiently fine smooth partitions generate measurably, but never topologically, and are never weak Bernoulli. The points of period k become uniformly distributed exponentially fast, and Lipschitz functions mix exponentially fast. Every reasonably smooth compact null set has the property that there is a dense set of periodic points whose entire orbit misses the set, but this is false for general compact null sets. Katznelson's property of almost weak Bernoulli can be strengthened to a certain exponential rate of independence, but breaks down at a critical number. Finally, open sets have return times that decay exponentially fast.
Impact of Investor Sentiment, Exchange Rates, and Foreign Capital Flow on Jakarta Islamic Index Stock Returns

This study examines the impact of investor sentiment, changes in exchange rates, and foreign capital flow on the Jakarta Islamic Index's return. This study uses daily data between January 2, 2017, and December 30, 2021. After examining the characteristics of autocorrelation and stationarity, we apply the Difference-Generalized Methods of Moment (D-GMM) model. In short, we do not find the effect of investor sentiment on stock returns in both contemporaneous and lag periods. Meanwhile, significant changes in exchange rates have a negative effect on stock returns on contemporaneous and lags, but foreign portfolio flows on contemporaneous and significant lags positively affect stock returns. Thus, our results have implications for trading strategies, asset pricing, and portfolio management carried out by foreign investors on Islamic stocks in Indonesia.
Masquerade of Polish Society—Psychological Determinants of COVID-19 Precautionary Behaviors

The risk of contracting COVID-19 was a very specific situation of uncertainty and ambi-guity, and of course, cognitively interesting for psychologists studying the determinants of behaviors of different personality types. In this study, we set our sights on trying to find a correlation between adherence to wearing masks and receiving vaccinations and having certain character traits that we thought might influence preventive behavior or not. We focused on the Dark Triad—psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism—as well as social approval and the need for cognition closure, as these traits have previously been linked to heightened conspiracy mentalities. We recruited 159 subjects in the experiment, including 53 male and 106 female participants over the age of 18 to take part in an online survey investigating personality and COVID-19 information. The results confirmed our hypothesis that age, empathy, the need for social approval and other psychological traits are the factors that differentiates people who wear face masks from those who do not. However, it seems impossible to define one set of features that would predispose people to not wear face masks. In our study, the importance of psychological features differed depending on the category of public places. We discuss possible implications of these findings and provide direction for future research.
On Chisini's conjecture

Chisini's conjecture asserts that if B P 2 is a cuspidal curve, then a generic morphism f ,d eg f >5, of a smooth projective surface to P 2 branched along B is unique up to isomorphism. In this paper we prove that Chisini's conjec- ture is true for B if degf is greater than the value of some function depending on the degree, genus and the number of cusps of B. This inequality holds for almost all generic morphisms. In particular, on a surface with ample canonical class, it holds for generic morphisms dened by a linear subsystem of the m-canonical class, m2N. Moreover, we present examples of pairs B1;m ;B 2;m P 2 (m2 N, m> 5) of plane cuspidal curves such that (i) degB1;m =d eg B 2;m, and these curves have homeomorphic tubular neigh- bourhoods inP 2 , but the pairs (P 2 ;B 1;m )a nd ( P 2 ;B 2;m) are not homeomorphic; (ii) Bi;m is the discriminant curve of a generic morphism fi;m : Si ! P 2 (i =1 ;2), where Si are surfaces of general type; (iii) the surfaces S1 and S2 are homeomorphic (as four-dimensional real mani- folds); (iv) the morphism fi;m is dened by a three-dimensional linear subsystem of the m-canonical class of Si.
Enrichment of Organic Acids in Fine Particles Over a Megacity in South China

Organic acids are abundant aerosol components that impact the hygroscopicity and multiphase processes of particulate matter, yet their changing compositions and sources are poorly understood. In this study, filter‐based PM2.5 samples were collected concurrently at three sites (urban, rural, and coastal) during the summer and winter of 2018 in the megacity Guangzhou, south China, to determine organic acids including C9–C32 fatty acids, C4–C10 dicarboxylic acids, and aromatic acids. On average, the total concentrations of the speciated organic acids were higher in winter than in summer, and were the highest at the urban site. Compared to observations at the same sites in winter 2009, average concentrations of organic acids in winter 2018 increased by 35.0%, 66.0%, and −3.2% at the urban, rural and coastal sites, while their fractions in organic matter (OM) increased by approximately 261.5%, 266.7%, and 61.1%, and their fractions in PM2.5 increased by approximately 318.2%, 308.7%, and 221.1%, respectively. Source apportionment of organic acids revealed that cooking emission and vehicle exhaust were the major sources at the urban site, plant wax and vehicle exhaust were the two largest sources at the rural site with substantial contributions from biomass burning in winter, while vehicle exhaust and ship emission were the two major sources at the coastal site. Less contributions from secondary production were retrieved in winter 2018 than in winter 2009, and the enrichment of organic acids in PM2.5 or OM was attributed to their elevated primary emissions from vehicles and ships, cooking, and plant wax.
Asymptotic stability of a composite wave of two traveling waves to a hyperbolic–parabolic system modeling chemotaxis

In this paper, we study the asymptotic stability of a composite wave consisting of two traveling waves to a hyperbolic–parabolic system modeling repulsive chemotaxis. On the basis of elementary energy estimates, we show that the composite wave is asymptotically stable under general initial perturbations, which are not necessarily zero integral. As an application, we obtain a similar result for this system in the presence of a boundary. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple Scattering: Interaction of Time-Harmonic Waves with N Obstacles

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Addition theorems in two dimensions 3. Addition theorems in three dimensions 4. Methods based on separation of variables 5. Integral equation methods I: basic theory 6. Integral equation methods II: further details 7. Null-field and T-matrix methods 8. Approximations Appendices Comments on the bibliography Bibliography Citation index Index.
Lattice dynamics of ultrasmall silicon nanostructures

A systematic study of the lattice dynamics of ultrasmall silicon nanostructures (nanoslabs, nanowires, and nanodots) is presented from the application of an adiabatic bond charge model. Characteristic features and trends unique to these structures are examined thoroughly. The smallest nanostructures are found to be characterized by the novel feature of gaps in the density of phonon states. Such gaps rapidly vanish with decreasing level of confinement of states as the size of the nanostructures increases. The results obtained for the highest confined mode for the three types of nanostructures have been fitted to analytic expressions following an extended Jusserand-type formulation. An expression has also been obtained for the size variation of the lowest nonzero zone-center mode. These expressions help explain and lend support to recently reported Raman scattering measurements. The present theoretical predictions for the variation of these modes will prove useful in accurate experimental determination of t.