Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment: Perception of Community Pharmacists in Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria

Malaria is a life threatening infectious disease that constitutes a major global public health and economic concern. Consequently, the WHO has recommended a T3 initiative (Test, Treat & Track) to help curb the scourge globally. This study aimed to ascertain the efficacy of malaria diagnosis in malaria case management and perception of community pharmacists on the WHO recommended standard of parasitological diagnosis before commencement of treatment within Abuja metropolis. A descriptive cross sectional study was performed amongst 207 community pharmacists within Abuja Metropolis. Data was obtained through structured, self-administered questionnaire. The association of respondent characteristics with the awareness, practice, and perception of malaria testing, and treatment was evaluated by Chi-square analysis for proportion. Where the number of categories was less than five, Fisher exact test was used. Seventy-two percent (72.9%) were aware of the WHO recommended T3 initiative on malaria case management. However, less than 10% of respondents had training in all the three components. On practice, 28.5% of community pharmacists carry out malaria diagnosis with a confirmatory test before instituting treatment. Ninety-two percent (92.3%) treat malaria based on clinical signs and symptoms only. Despite the high rate of clinical diagnosis, a majority (84.1%) agreed that the confirmatory test is more effective and efficient in malaria case management than clinical diagnosis. Most respondents (60.4%) reported that the confirmatory test most readily available was mRDT. Eighty-seven percent (87%) have good perception on parasitological confirmatory testing for malaria diagnosis and most respondents have confidence in results from the malaria confirmatory test while 68.6% trust their malaria confirmatory test skill. A little above half (52.7%) of the respondents treat for malaria regardless of negative confirmatory test results when the patient insists on treatment. A higher proportion (39%) of male community Pharmacists compared to females carry out malaria diagnosis with a confirmatory test before treatment. There was significant association of perception on the efficacy of a parasitological confirmatory test for malaria with age and work experience and there was significant association of work experience with the practice of confirmatory testing before treatment (P<0.05). Inferentially, this is call to action for government, professional bodies in the health sector and all committed to fight the scourge of malaria for more awareness to the general public on importance of the WHO T3 and capacity strengthening for the frontline health workers – community pharmacy attending to community needs on malaria case management.
The Correlation between Anti-GAD65 and Coxsackievirus B-IgG
(CVB-IgG) in Type 1 Diabetes-Coxsackievirus B (T1D-CVB) Patients

Coxsackieviruses are one of the main causes of type 1 diabetes, due to the sequence similarity between the protein 2 C (P2-C) in the structure of the virus and the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantigen in human beta-cells. The study aims to detect the anti-GAD65 and specific anti-CVB IgG in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients to study the correlation between the levels of the GAD65 autoantigen and CVBIgG autoantibody in T1D-CVB patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2018 to July 2019 at Babylon Diabetic Center in Marjan Teaching city, Babylon teaching hospital for maternity and children and college of medicine at the University of Babylon. A total of 150 samples were obtained from diabetic patients and 50 samples from non-diabetic individuals as control. Diabetic mellitus (DM) patients diagnosed by clinical features, RBS test (above 200 mg/dL) and HbA1c test (above 6.5%). Anti-Gad and CVB-IgG detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) . The study showed the age group A2 (1-5 years), the females group (B1), and rural group (C1) more susceptible to T1D-CVB infection. The study exhibited a positive correlation between anti-gad and anti-CVB-IgG (r = 0.644**) in T1D-CVB patients.
BACTERIAS Y PARÁSITOS PATÓGENOS HUMANOS AISLADOS DE AGUAS ESTANCADAS DURANTE EL FENÓMENO EL NIÑO-COSTERO EN PERÚ

Several countries are extremely susceptible to climate change and the El Nino-costero phenomenon affected more than two million people in Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. We aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of stagnant waters in Lambayeque region, Peru during the lockdown caused by El Nino-costero phenomenon. We conducted a cross-sectional study performed in the four Lambayeque’s districts: (Chiclayo’s downtown, Mocupe, San Jose, and Pimentel), Peru. Two simultaneous samples were taken from each evaluation districts and were transported to Laboratory for their entire microbiological analysis. We isolate of human-pathogenic parasite ( Trichuris trichiura (Linnaeus, 1771) and Entamoeba histolytica Schaudinn, 1903) , and bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach 1884 and Salmonella typhi (Schroeter, 1886)) that showed patterns of resistance to conventional first-line antimicrobials (penicillin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, and chloramphenicol). Likewise, we showed evidence of microorganisms related to the sampling site (district) and with the degree of affectation by the phenomenon. Our result suggests that the stagnant waters of four districts of Lambayeque presented Human-pathogenic parasites and bacteria of high-medical importance by the sudden changes in the climate through El Nino-costero phenomenon.
Psychometric Evaluation and Initial Validation of the Slovak Version of the Goal Adjustment Scale (GAS)

The aim of this study was to pilot test the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Goal Adjustment Scale (GAS) in a student sample. The research sample consisted of 636 students (355 secondary school pupils and 281 university students). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the 2-factor structure (as correlating factors) in the Slovak version of the scale. The internal consistency estimates of two factors (goal disengagement and reengagement) were relatively satisfactory. Regarding the convergent validity, the negative correlations between goal disengagement and dispositional optimism (LOT-R), hope (Snyder’s Hope Scale) and self-regulation (SRQ) have been found. Moreover, significant positive correlations were only found in the case of goal reengagement and pathway as a factor of dispositional hope. However, the study did not support the relationship between adjustment capacities and subjective well-being measured through the frequency of positive and negative emotions (SEHP). One of the limitations of the research was that the test-retest reliability was not tested. It is considered important to perform further validation of the GAS in the future as the current results are preliminary. Nevertheless, the GAS seems to be an efficient tool in detecting adjustment strategies in the case of obstacles in the goal achieving process.
Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)

Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.
The significance of Serum Vitamin D Levels on Changes in Hematological Parameters After Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum Vitamin D (VD) level and the change of hematological parameters after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer (BC) who received adjuvant Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide (AC). Material and Methods: A total of 74 BC patients who were treated with adjuvant 60 mg/m2 Adriamycin and 600 mg/m2 Cyclophosphamide (AC) were included in the study. VD levels, complete blood count (CBC) findings after 1st cycle AC were retrospectively recorded. The relationship between changes in CBC parameters according to VD levels and the presence of hematological toxicity was examined. Results: The mean age was 55.11±9.97 years and the median VD level was 12.78 (4-53.40) ng/mL. In all patient groups, there was a significant decrease in the values of lymphocytes and monocytes after chemotherapy (p=0.030, p=0.024 respectively). In the correlation analysis, there was no correlation between VD levels and hemoglobin levels, the number of cells in CBC-1, and the amount of change in the number of cells in after chemotherapy. However, there was a negative correlation between VD level and platelet/lymphocyte ratio-1 (PLR-1), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio-1 (MLR-1) (p=0.025, r:-0.237; p=0.001, r:-0.370, respectively), but there was no correlation with PLR-2 and MLR-2 (p>0.05 all). Conclusion: There was no relationship between VD levels and changes in hematological parameters and hematological toxicity related to AC chemotherapy in the patient with BC. VD level was inversely correlated with PLR-1 and MLR-1, which is generally accepted as inflammatory markers. This result showed that the levels of VD do not have a significant role in the development of hematological toxicity after AC chemotherapy in BC.
EFFECT OF K-SOURCES IN COMBINATION WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID ON MAIZE PRODUCTION UNDER WATER STRESS IN SANDY SOIL

A field experiment was conducted along the two successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 under sandy soil conditions at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station. This study aim to evaluate the effect of K sources i.e. K-silicate and Khumate, combined with gibberellic acid application under different irrigation levels on yield characters and NPK uptake by maize plant (Zea maize L.). The experimental treatments were arranged in a split –split plot design as follows: (1) three irrigation levels were assigned as main plots i.e. 100% (I1) 80 %(I2) and 60 %(I3) of maize evapotranspiration (ETc), (2) three treatments of K-source as foliar application were arranged as sub plot i.e. 0, K-humate at rate of 4 g L-1 and K-silicate at rate of 150 mg L-1 Si (3) three application rates of gibberellic acid 0 (G0), 100 (G1) and 150 (G2) mg L-1were arranged as sub-sub plots. The obtained results indicated that the heist values of grain yield, straw yield and NPKuptake by plant were recorded at treatment of I2*Khumate*GA1. Soil content of available N was significantly increased with the foliar spraying of the K-silicate, Khumate and the different levels of gibberellic acid, but not significantly affected by irrigation levels. Soil available P was not significantly affected by different treatments while, soil available K was significantly affected by irrigation level, K-silicate and Khumate but not significantly affected by the different levels of Gibberellic acid.
Descriptive study of the initial cases of COVID-19 in a city in the interior of Ceará, Brazil

Objective: to describe the sociodemographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the initial cases of COVID-19 in the municipality of Sobral, Ceará, Brazil. Materials and methods: descriptive, temporal and quantitative epidemiological study, developed in the municipality of Sobral - Ceará, Brazil, with 110 confirmed cases of COVID-19. Descriptive and analytical analysis was performed, using the Chi-square test and Logistic Regression to verify the association between variables. The level of significance was set at 95% (p≤0.05). Results: it was observed that 60% of cases occurred in women, 74.5% were adults between 20 and 59 years old, 15.5% health workers and the lethality rate was 1.8%. In 58.2% of cases the main reporting unit was the hospital, 10% required hospitalization, and 64.5% were diagnosed with rapid tests. The main symptoms manifested were: cough (58.2%), fever (57.3%), sore throat (36.4%) and difficulty breathing (31.9%). There was an association between age and the presence of fever, cough and sore throat (p=0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that older people are more susceptible to some symptoms when compared to younger people. Associated with global estimates, this work can provide subsidies for COVID-19 prevention and control actions in small and medium-sized Brazilian municipalities.
EFFECTS OF DIETARY INCLUSION OF ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS TREATED SAWDUST ON HAEMATOLOGY, SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF MEAT OF BROILER CHICKENS

1Africa Centre of Excellence in Agricultural Development and Sustainable Environment, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria 3Coordinator Life-Enzyme and Fine Chemical Research, Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Science, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria 4Department of Animal Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Technology Acceptance Model, Social Influence and Perceived Risk in Using Mobile Applications: Empirical Evidence in Online Transportation in Indonesia

The purpose is to examine the impact of technology acceptance model consisting of usefulness and ease of use on the intention to use, social influence and perceived risk consisting of physical and psychological risk on the intention to use, and examine its impact on behavior using mobile applications. Benefit, ease of use and social factors were considered as the critical factors in accepting and using a technology. However, mobile applications has limitation in consuming an online product or service. A total of 1383 questionnaires were obtained from respondents of online transportation service users in Jakarta, Bandung, Yogyakarta and Surabaya. Using PLS-SEM, it is found that the there are significant relationships between technology acceptance model, physical risk, intention and behavior using mobile applications, but no relationship between psychological risk and intention. This study also found that the influence of intention on behavior using mobile applications is dependent on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived physical risk rather than perceived psychological risks.
MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SELECTED NIGERIAN HONEY

Accepted 27 th March 2011 Fourteen commercial honey samples from different geographical locations in Nigeria were obtained and examined for the Microbiological quality of the samples. From each sample, total viable counts, moulds and yeast were determined. Results obtained showed that total viable counts varied between 2.0 x10 2 and 8.2 x 10 2 . Yeast and mould were between 0 and 9.0 x 10 2 respectively, yeast and mould counts were not detected in commercial honey samples of International origin except in one. Microorganisms identified include Bacillus cereus, Bacillus badius Bacillus. laterosporous, Aerococcus sp, Eubacterium sp, Micrococcus sp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus. flavus, Penicillium sp. Mucor sp, Saccharomyces rouxii and Saccharomyces mellis. The most predominate microorganisms were Bacillus badius and Saccharomyces rouxii.
Set-point optimization in wind farms to mitigate effects of flow blockage induced by atmospheric gravity waves

Abstract. Recently, it has been shown that flow blockage in large wind farms may lift up the top of the boundary layer, thereby triggering atmospheric gravity waves in the inversion layer and in the free atmosphere. These waves impose significant pressure gradients in the boundary layer, causing detrimental consequences in terms of a farm's efficiency. In the current study, we investigate the idea of controlling the wind farm in order to mitigate the efficiency drop due to wind-farm-induced gravity waves and blockage. The analysis is performed using a fast boundary layer model which divides the vertical structure of the atmosphere into three layers. The wind-farm drag force is applied over the whole wind-farm area in the lowest layer and is directly proportional to the wind-farm thrust set-point distribution. We implement an optimization model in order to derive the thrust-coefficient distribution, which maximizes the wind-farm energy extraction. We use a continuous adjoint method to efficiently compute gradients for the optimization algorithm, which is based on a quasi-Newton method. Power gains are evaluated with respect to a reference thrust-coefficient distribution based on the Betz–Joukowsky set point. We consider thrust coefficients that can change in space, as well as in time, i.e. considering time-periodic signals. However, in all our optimization results, we find that optimal thrust-coefficient distributions are steady; any time-periodic distribution is less optimal. The (steady) optimal thrust-coefficient distribution is inversely related to the vertical displacement of the boundary layer. Hence, it assumes a sinusoidal behaviour in the streamwise direction in subcritical flow conditions, whereas it becomes a U-shaped curve when the flow is supercritical. The sensitivity of the power gain to the atmospheric state is studied using the developed optimization tool for almost 2000 different atmospheric states. Overall, power gains above 4 % were observed for 77 % of the cases with peaks up to 14 % for weakly stratified atmospheres in critical flow regimes.
The Effects of Information and Visual Website Design on User Frustration

When shopping online, customers may be less likely to buy a product if they feel frustrated with the website’s interface. However, few studies have investigated what attributes contribute to frustration with websites’ design. The goal of this study was to determine whether deficiencies in the information and visual design of a website can cause frustration. In a within-subjects design, participants were asked to do several tasks on four different versions of a website and afterwards were asked to complete a survey for each version. The results showed that color and information deficiency did cause frustration in users. These results will likely help website designers (or even marketing researchers) in designing more effective websites, as well as ways that can help the consumer have a more enjoyable online experience.
Vol. 1 No. 1 Feb 2016

This study describes and concluded that the existence of teaching reading narrative texts for high school students using varied techniques have touched the substantive area. 3-2-1 techniques are cooperative learning techniques have been reconstructing the individual instruction that has been applied in schools. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning techniques and reading motivation of students to learn English results. This research used experimental method with 2x2 factorial design and conducted in SMAN 1 Bangkinang Opposite, Riau with a sample of 2 classes. Results of the analysis of the data reveals that: (a) students who are taught by the 3-2-1 technique showed better results than students taught using conventional techniques, (b) students who have high motivation techniques taught by 3-21 shows the results of the study as well as students who are taught by using conventional techniques, (c) students who have low motivation taught using 3-2-1 techniques showed better learning outcomes than students taught using techniques conventional, and (d) there is interaction between the use of techniques learned by the students' reading motivation. However, the results of different values between the experimental group with the control group to measure achievement in this study that the 3-2-1 technique has a better effect than with conventional techniques. On the other hand, students 'reading motivation affect students' reading results.
The Role of Facebook in the Development of Civic Engagement in Morocco

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY). The article is published with Open Access at www.alscjournal. com Abstract. The study investigates the factors that inspire Moroccans to engage in both online and offline civic efforts. The inquiry targeted demographics, frequency of Facebook use, the influence of online engagement on participation in real life and the main motivations behind Moroccan civic engagement online. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted to collect and analyze both primary and secondary data. An online survey was administered to (n=277) participants through Facebook targeting the general public of Moroccan Facebook users to collect primary data. Secondary data was collected via semi-structured interviews with (n=3) social activists to provide a comprehensive view of both normal citizens and people who can be considered specialists in the field. The findings revealed the extent to which Moroccans’ usage of Facebook influences their engagement both online and offline, indicating that social media use for civic purposes is significantly related to offline participation. Despite that, higher levels of the so-called “slacktivism” behaviors dominate Moroccans’ civic activities performed on Facebook. Findings in general support the fact that Facebook plays a significant role in the development of civic engagement in Morocco.