Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Affects Family Physicians’ Participation in Research: Outcomes from a Depression Self-Care Study

Background: To describe factors associated with family physicians (FPs) recruitment and participation in a mental health research project. Methods: 400 FPs were randomly approached for a feasibility study of telephone-supported self-care for depression in adults with chronic physical diseases. FP participation included (1) completing questionnaires at study enrolment and termination to identify personal characteristics, attitudes to patient self-care, and aspects of study implementation; and (2) encouraging patient self-completion of screening forms on depression and comorbid chronic disease in order to assess study eligibility. Outcome measures were the number of FPs who adhered to these tasks, as well as the number of eligible patients recruited from each practice. Chi square and Fisher’s Exact Tests permitted comparison of binary or categorical values, while the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used for continuous scales. Results: Of the 400 FPs randomly selected, 29.8% (119/400) were not reachable by telephone; 42.8% (171/400) were assessed as not meeting eligibility criteria; and 59 (53.6%) of the remaining 110 met eligibility criteria, consented, and participated. Predominant reasons for participation were past experience with research projects, interest in the specific topic of mental health care, enthusiasm about self-care, and sense of collegiality. 86.4% (51/59) completed the study entry questionnaire, and 62.7% (37/59) the end of study questionnaire. 66.1% (39/59) submitted at least one positive screening form (range 1-43), with such participation occurring more often amongst FPs in solo practice or with previous research experience. Conclusion: Recruiting FPs to participate in mental health research and adhere to protocols is challenging and time intensive. To optimize such involvement researchers may need to employ creative strategies unique to study sites, idiosyncrasies of the doctors, and the nature of the topic undergoing study.
Girls for Sale? Child Sex Ratio and Girl Trafficking in India

ABSTRACT Illegal trafficking of girls results from their disadvantageous position in society, often reflected by preference for sons and neglect of daughters. India has both higher levels of illegal trafficking of girls and abnormal child sex ratios in favor of boys. This paper examines if the skewed sex ratio in India is associated with trafficking of girls. Using panel data from twenty-nine Indian states from 1980 to 2011, the study finds that a 100-unit increase in the child sex ratio is associated with a 0.635 percent increase in girl trafficking. Further, the association is heterogeneous by women’s empowerment, crime against women, and party rule in the state, and the association between the child sex ratio and trafficking of girls is stronger and larger in magnitude in states with greater women’s empowerment. Overall, it appears the results are driven both by greater reporting and a greater incidence of illegal girl trafficking.
The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) Town Hall

AgMIP (www.agmip.org) is an international community of climate, crop, livestock, economics, and IT experts working to further the development and application of multi-model, multi-scale, multi-disciplinary agricultural models that can inform policy and decision makers around the world. This meeting will engage the AGU community by providing a brief overview of AgMIP, in particular its new plans for a Coordinated Global and Regional Assessment of climate change impacts on agriculture and food security for AR6. This Town Hall will help identify opportunities for participants to become involved in AgMIP and its 30+ activities.
Clinical Observation of "Wenpi Runchang Decoction" in Treating Slow Transit Constipation

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of "Wenpi Runchang Decoction" in the treatment of slow transit constipation.Method 200 subjects were divided into two groups randomly: treatment group in which 100 cases were given "Wenpi Runchang Decoction" and control group in which 100 cases were treated by mosapride.After one-month treatment,the clinical effects were observed.Results The total effective rate was 88.0% in treatment group and 58.0% in control group,P 0.05. Conclusion "Wenpi Runchang Decoction" is quite effective for slow transit constipation.
Electrically Powered Indoor/Outdoor Wheelchairs: Recipients' Views of Their Effects on Occupational Performance and Quality of Life

The National Health Service (NHS) provides manually propelled wheelchairs for people permanently unable to mobilise independently (Great Britain Parliament 1977). For those unable to self-propel, but still requiring independent mobility, electrically powered indoor wheelchairs (EPICs) and indoor/outdoor wheelchairs (EPIOCs) were made available, funded with an initial ring-fenced sum of £6.4 million (NHS Guidelines 1996, NHS Wheelchair Services 2003). Although the number of NHS EPIOC users has grown in recent years (from 2,545 in 1996/1997 to 11,356 in 1999/2000) (NHS Executive and Department of Health 2000), no commitment has been made to continue such funding. Substantial waiting lists now exist, reflecting unmet demand. This ongoing picture is influenced by rising numbers of people with severe disabilities and growing expectations for full societal participation (Great Britain Parliament 1995, 2005, White and Lemmer 1998, NHS Executive and Department of Health 2000). EPIOC provision costs are also rising, with basic models starting at £2,000 and top-of-the-range models costing 10 times that sum (Korner 2004, Muscular Dystrophy Campaign 2004). Electrically powered indoor/outdoor wheelchairs: recipients’ views of their effects on occupational performance and quality of life
Late Quaternary Climate Records from the Northern Red Sea: Results on Gravity Cores Retrieved during the R/V METEOR Cruise M44/3

We present high-resolution marine paleoclimate records obtained from sediment cores retrieved along three profiles extending from the Saudi Arabian coast to the central axis of the northern Red Sea during R/V METEOR cruise M44/3 in spring 1999. Because of its restricted, desert surrounded location, the northern Red Sea suf- fered extreme oceanographic changes in the past, resulting in an amplification of pale- oclimatic signals in the marine sediments. The continuous deposition of wind-blown and fluvially transported terrigenous material provides a high temporal resolution of changes in the aridity of the adjacent continents. Such changes are documented by in- dependent indicators, i.e., variations of the bulk-sediment chemistry (Fe- and Ti- content determined by profiling XRF measurements) and magnetic susceptibility. Synchronously, changes in the marine environment are reflected by variations in the carbonate content (i.e., Ca- and Sr-intensities). Our records provide evidence of a strong coupling of both aridity changes in the Near East and paleoceanographic condi- tions in the northern Red Sea to global climate and sea level changes as well as varia- tions in the monsoonal system.
Types of Hazards in the Homes of Elderly People

This study describes the type and range of hazards found in the homes of elderly persons (n=257) referred to the occupational therapy department of a city teaching hospital. Homes were assessed using an abbreviated version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment. The most commonly found hazards were in internal traffic ways (48%), the bathroom (40%), and access areas to and from the home (38%). Hazardous mats, pathways, and bathroom and toilet floor surfaces were the most commonly found individual hazards. Mildly cognitively impaired persons were found to have increased exposure to hazards in traffic ways; women were found to have more bed light hazards and people living with others were more likely to have a pet that may pose a risk of the elderly person falling. Otherwise, characteristics of people were generally not found to be associated with increased exposure to any particular type of hazard. We recommend further and more detailed investigation of home hazards, including in the homes of the well elderly.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA

This prospective study based on the analysis of 60 consecutive cases of blunt abdominal trauma admitted to Department of Surgery M.K. C.G. Medical College hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, during the study period of JULY 2012- JULY 2014. Each patient was examined thoroughly, after taking a detailed history and Cases were admitted on emergency basis and possible immediate investigations were done. The diagnosis was made with history, clinical features and X-ray chest PA view and/or X-ray abdomen erect posture with/ without ultrasound abdomen computed tomography of abdomen and pelvis to support the diagnosis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence, Patho-Physiology and Management of various abdominal organs injuries caused by blunt force. RESULTS: Among 60 cases of blunt abdominal injury, maximum number of cases belongs to the age group 21-30 yrs. Males were the predominant victims with ratio 7.5:1. It was found that road traffic accidents by heavy vehicle like bus; car and truck were responsible for 71.66% of blunt abdominal injuries. Among 60 cases of blunt injury, the incidence of the involvement of jejunum, spleen, liver and stomach were 30%, 25%, 15%, 8.33% cases respectively. Exploratory Laparotomy was done in 48 cases and 12 cases were managed conservatively to change the fate of these patients. The procedures adopted in the management were splenectomy, hepatorrhaphy, omental patch closure (either Grahams or modified Grahams technique according to the surgeon's preference), simple closure, resection anastomosis, iliostomy or colostomy etc according to the surgical pathology and general condition of the patient. Mortality rate in this study is 11.66% (n=7) and immediate cause of death was shock and haemorrhage and in those cases where death was delayed, cause of death was septicaemia. CONLUSION: Road Traffic Accidents is the major cause and small intestine is more frequently involved abdominal organ. Early diagnosis and treatment of blunt abdominal trauma carries better prognosis. The mortality is more in patients with other associated injuries especially head injuries and in patients who were admitted delayed in the hospital. Evaluation of other associated injury should be mandatory in all blunt abdominal trauma cases.
Voter behavior and government performance: Empirical application in Ghana

Electoral competition is a democratic mechanism to guarantee high governmental performance. In reality, however, it often leads to policy failure due to Government Capture and Government Accountability. An understanding of both phenomena has to be based on voter theory and nowadays the probabilistic voter model is the workhorse model applied in voter studies. In this paper we first proceeded to derive a theoretical model to estimate voter behavior including three voting motives: non-policy oriented, policy oriented and retrospective oriented. Then, we derived government performance indicators to estimate Capture and Accountability based on marginal effects and relative importance of the three components. Subsequently, we tested our theory estimating a probabilistic voter model for Ghana using own election survey data. In particular, we calculated different mixed logit model specifications and, to allow heterogeneity, we followed the latent class approach. Using the results of the estimations, we were able to calculate marginal effects and relative importance of each voting motive and we found that the non-policy component is the most important whereas the retrospective component is the less relevant. Finally, the government performance indicators were estimated and they suggest that, although the political weights are unequally distributed in Ghana, the government is partially accountable towards the voter and elections provide an effective mechanism to promote democracy.
The Impact of Fake News: Evidence from the Anti-Vaccination Movement

The increasing amount of fake news has generated significant debate about the proper role of government and social media platforms in combating it. However, little is known about whether fake news can actually change behavior. This paper addresses this question by examining how vaccination rates responded to the unexpected surge in media coverage in 2007 of the verifiably false claim that the MMR vaccine caused autism. Specifically, I use a difference-in-difference approach to compare the MMR vaccination rates of children whose parents were most and least likely to be affected by the news over time. I determine parents’ susceptibility using three predetermined characteristics: whether their child is a firstborn, the child’s gender, and the parents’ age. Results show that susceptible parents were 3.3 percentage points less likely to vaccinate their children with an MMR shot by the recommended age of 15 months and 4.1 percentage points less likely to do so by 29 months. This indicates that at a minimum, fake news caused parents to delay vaccinating their children by over a year, and at most prevented them from ever immunizing their children. ∗Department of Economics, Texas A&M University
Is Similarity Visually Grounded? Computational Model of Similarity for the Estonian language

Researchers in Computational Linguistics build models of similarity and test them against human judgments. Although there are many empirical studies of the computational models of similarity for the English language, the similarity for other languages is less explored. In this study we are chiefly interested in two aspects. In the first place we want to know how much of the human similarity is grounded in the visual perception. To answer this question two neural computer vision models are used and their correlation with the human derived similarity scores is computed. In the second place we investigate if language influences the similarity computation. To this purpose diverse computational models trained on Estonian resources are evaluated against human judgments
Evidence from Mexico

Rafael La Porta Critics often argue that the benefits of privatiter incentives to perform? And a related quesand Florencio zation come at significant cost to society. This tion: Does deregulation accelerate restructurL6pez-de-Silanes Note reports on a study that looks at whether ing in newly privatized firms? this criticism is valid for Mexico's privatization program, one of the world's largest case-byThe Mexican program and the data case programs. The study finds dramatic improvements in the performance of the newly Before the 1982 debt crisis in Mexico, the govprivatized firms, with profits rising by 40 perernment had been actively involved in the cent, for example. To assess the possible costs economy through state enterprises set up to meet to society, the analysis focuses on the two most multiple goals: infrastructure improvement, imlikely channels of such losses-higher prices port substitution, regional development, and job as firms capitalize on market power, and laycreation. In 1982, there were nearly 1,200 state offs and lower wages as they roll back generenterprises, in almost every sector of the ous labor contracts. It asks: To what extent do economy. They received subsidies and transprice increases explain better performance? Do fers equal to 12.7 percent of GDP, produced 14 higher profits result from the expropriation of percent of national output, employed 4.4 perworkers? Or does the improvement reflect betcent of the labor force, and accounted for 38 percent of fixed capital investment.
Association of Helicobacter pylori IgG Antibody with Microvascular Complications in Type II Diabetic Patients

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between HP infection and microvascular complications of type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study 211 T2DM patients have been examined. Subjects were divided into two groups (HP+ and HP-) based on HP infection (diagnosed with IgG serology), and the association between these groups and microvascular complications of T2DM including Original Research Article nephropathy (based on protein excretion in 24-hour urine collection), retinopathy (based on examination by an ophthalmologist) and neuropathy (diapason and monofilament examination) has been evaluated. Results: Of the 211 subjects studied, 125 (59.24%) were HP+. The mean diabetes duration was not significantly different in both groups. A significant association was found between HP infection and diabetic neuropathy (p=0.04), but there was no correlation between HP infection and diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy (p=0.2 and p=0.43, respectively). Conclusion: Infection with H. pylori increases the risk of diabetic neuropathy and is considered as a possible risk factor diabetic neuropathy.
An Evaluation of Supportive Housing: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives

This paper reports the findings of an evaluation of supportive housing for people who have been hospitalized in psychiatric facilities. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to inquire into two key processes, social support and control in the residence, and two key outcomes, quality of life and personal growth. Interviews were conducted with 34 residents of small supportive housing programs, and staff of these settings also provided information. While residents were generally pleased with the amount of support and control they had in their residences, there were some areas in which staff exerted unilateral control (i.e., they made decisions without involving residents in the process). With respect to quality of life, residents were satisfied with their housing, but voiced some concerns over a lack of privacy, stigma, and limited opportunities for participation in the community. Residents reported showing personal growth since entering supportive housing in terms of greater independence, more.
Gender and Rural Microfinance: Reaching and Empowering Women

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations 'developed' and 'develop-ing' countries are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. This publication or any part thereof may be reproduced without prior permission from IFAD, provided that the publication or extract therefrom reproduced is attributed to IFAD and the title of this publication is stated in any publication and that a copy thereof is sent to IFAD. Acronyms 3 Introduction 5 Aims of the guide 6 Why is gender mainstreaming important for women? Potential gender impacts 8 Potential benefits of rural microfinance: Virtuous spirals 8 Importance of gender mainstreaming: Potential vicious circles 10 Mainstreaming gender equality and empowerment: Institutional implications 16 Elements of a gender strategy 16 Organizational gender mainstreaming 16 From access to empowerment: Designing financial products 21 Credit 25 Savings 27 Insurance 28 Remittances 31 Demand-driven product development: Market research and financial literacy 34 Increasing empowerment: Rural microfinance, non-financial services, participation and macro-level strategies 38 Integration and inter-organizational collaboration to provide non-financial services 38 Participation and collective action 42 Promoting an enabling environment for gender-equitable rural microfinance: Consumer protection and gender advocacy 48 Annexes: Decision checklists for gender audit 57 A. Organizational gender policy decision checklist 58 B. Gender questions in product and programme design 60 C. Programme design: Rural microfinance, non-financial services and participation 67 D. Gender impact checklist 69 References 72
A Macroeconomic Model with Interbank Markets and Regulated Banks

We propose an enhanced dynamic model in which counterparty banks suffer idiosyncratic liquidity shocks and are connected by an interbank market for liquidity risk management. The aim of this paper is to shed new light on the impact of the interbank market on the bank lending activity, under different requirement regimes. Banks are subject to loan investment risk, consisting of both permanent and transitory components, and idiosyncratic liquidity shocks leave them in liquidity surplus or liquidity deficit. The increase in the transitory risk volatility, keeping the total volatility constant, will noticeably deactivate the interbank market; however, the effect of a permanent risk volatility increase is insignificant. This finding indicates that the interbank market is more sensitive to the transitory effects of financial shocks. We also find that once the liquidity supply or demand is not satisfied by the interbank market, banks are more likely to curtail lending, especially in the case of the liquidity-deficit banks; therefore, we argue that central bank intervention in the distressed banks will help to sustain loan investment scale and contribute to social welfare growth. In normal times, the liquidity requirement (represented by Liquidity Coverage Ratio) lowers social welfare by limiting bank lending and interbank participation, while in extreme scenarios such as financial crises, the liquidity requirement is more effective in creating social welfare than the capital regulation by stabilizing the bank lending activity. JEL Classification: G21, G28, G33, E58.
Violence and Growth in the Mexican Drug War

This paper documents how violence resulting from the Mexican Drug War hindered local economic growth by affecting production. Focusing on exports allows us to control for demand factors, and hence measure effects on local supply. We compare exports of the same product to the same country of destination, but produced in municipalities with different exposure to violence after a close electoral outcome. Municipalities exogenously exposed to the Drug War experienced a 45% decrease in 3-year export growth. The effects concentrate on larger exporters, along with exports of more complex, capital-intensive, and skill-intensive products.