Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution 3D forest structure explains ecomorphological trait variation in assemblages of saproxylic beetles

Abstract Climate, topography and the 3D structure of forests are major drivers affecting local species communities. However, little is known about how the specific functional traits of saproxylic (wood‐living) beetles, involved in the recycling of wood, might be affected by those environmental characteristics. Here, we combine ecological and morphological traits available for saproxylic beetles and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data in Bayesian trait‐based joint species distribution models to study how traits drive the distributions of more than 230 species in temperate forests of Europe. We found that elevation (as a proxy for temperature and precipitation) and the proportion of conifers played important roles in species occurrences while variables related to habitat heterogeneity and forest complexity were less relevant. Furthermore, we showed that local communities were shaped by environmental variation primarily through their ecological traits whereas morphological traits were involved only marginally. As predicted, ecological traits influenced species' responses to forest structure, and to other environmental variation, with canopy niche, wood decay niche and host preference as the most important ecological traits. Conversely, no links between morphological traits and environmental characteristics were observed. Both models, however, revealed strong phylogenetic signal in species' response to environmental characteristics. These findings imply that alterations of climate and tree species composition have the potential to alter saproxylic beetle communities in temperate forests. Additionally, ecological traits help explain species' responses to environmental characteristics and thus should prove useful in predicting their responses to future change. It remains challenging, however, to link simple morphological traits to species' complex ecological niches. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Influence of third-degree geometric nonlinearities on the vibration and stability of pretwisted, preconed, rotating blades

The governing coupled flapwise bending, edgewise bending, and torsional equations are derived including third-degree geometric nonlinear elastic terms by making use of the geometric nonlinear theory of elasticity in which the elongations and shears are negligible compared to unity. These equations are specialized for blades of doubly symmetric cross section with linear variation of pretwist over the blade length. The nonlinear steady state equations and the linearized perturbation equations are solved by using the Galerkin method, and by utilizing the nonrotating normal modes for the shape functions. Parametric results obtained for various cases of rotating blades from the present theoretical formulation are compared to those produced from the finite element code MSC/NASTRAN, and also to those produced from an in-house experimental test rig. It is shown that the spurious instabilities, observed for thin, rotating blades when second degree geometric nonlinearities are used, can be eliminated by including the third-degree elastic nonlinear terms. Furthermore, inclusion of third degree terms improves the correlation between the theory and experiment.
GBM tumors are heterogeneous in their fatty acid metabolism and modulating fatty acid metabolism sensitizes cancer cells derived from recurring GBM tumors to temozolomide

Glioblastoma is a highly lethal grade of astrocytoma with very low median survival. Despite extensive efforts, there is still a lack of alternatives that might improve these prospects. We uncovered that the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide impinges on fatty acid synthesis and desaturation in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. This response is, however, blunted in recurring glioblastoma from the same patient. Further, we describe that disrupting cellular fatty acid homeostasis in favor of accumulation of saturated fatty acids such as palmitate synergizes with temozolomide treatment. Pharmacological inhibition of SCD and/or FADS2 allows palmitate accumulation and thus greatly augments temozolomide efficacy. This effect was independent of common GBM prognostic factors and was effective against cancer cells from recurring glioblastoma. In summary, we provide evidence that intracellular accumulation of saturated fatty acids in conjunction with temozolomide based chemotherapy induces death in glioblastoma cells derived from patients.
Medical comorbidities as predictors of COVID-19 short-term mortality: A historical cohort study in Indonesia

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relation of comorbidities to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) short-term mortality. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center observational study with a historical cohort method at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. COVID-19 diagnosis was made using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs. Patient data were obtained from digital medical records and used for Charlson Comorbidity Index assessments. Inhospital mortality was monitored throughout their hospital stay. Results: This study enrolled 333 patients. According to the total number of comorbidities in Charlson, 11.7% (n = 39) of patients had no comorbidities; 30.9% (n = 103) of patients had one comorbidity; 20.1% (n = 67) of patients had two comorbidities; and 37.2% (n = 124) of patients had more than three comorbidities. In multivariate analysis, these variables were significantly related to short-term mortality in COVID-19 patients: older age (odds ratio [OR] per year: 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–2.19; P 0.001), myocardial infarction (OR: 3.57; 95% CI: 1.49–8.56; P: 0.004), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.41; 95 CI: 1.17–4.97; P: 0.017), renal disease (OR: 5.18; 95% CI: 2.07–12.97; P < 0.001), and longer duration of stay (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.08–1.32; P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed multiple short-term mortality predictors in COVID-19 patients. The coexistence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and renal problem is a significant predictor of short-term mortality in COVID-19 patients.
A PUBLIC, K-SELECTED, OPTICAL-TO-NEAR-INFRARED CATALOG OF THE EXTENDED CHANDRA DEEP FIELD SOUTH (ECDFS) FROM THE MULTIWAVELENGTH SURVEY BY YALE–CHILE (MUSYC)

We present a new, K-selected, optical-to-near infrared photometric catalog of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS), making it publicly available to the astronomical community.2222 Imaging and spectroscopy data and catalogs are freely available through the MUSYC Public Data Release webpage: http://www.astro. yale.edu/MUSYC/. The data set is founded on publicly available imaging, supplemented by original z′JK imaging data collected as part of the MUltiwavelength Survey by Yale–Chile (MUSYC). The final photometric catalog consists of photometry derived from UU38BVRIz′JK imaging covering the full of the ECDFS, plus H-band photometry for approximately 80% of the field. The 5σ flux limit for point sources is . This is also the nominal completeness and reliability limit of the catalog: the empirical completeness for 21.75 < K < 22.00 is ≳85%. We have verified the quality of the catalog through both internal consistency checks, and comparisons to other existing and publicly available catalogs. As well as the photometric catalog, we also present catalogs of photometric redshifts and rest-frame photometry derived from the 10-band photometry. We have collected robust spectroscopic redshift determinations from published sources for 1966 galaxies in the catalog. Based on these sources, we have achieved a (1σ) photometric redshift accuracy of Δz/(1 + z) = 0.036, with an outlier fraction of 7.8%. Most of these outliers are X-ray sources. Finally, we describe and release a utility for interpolating rest-frame photometry from observed spectral energy distributions, dubbed InterRest.2323 InterRest is available via http://www.strw. leidenuniv.nl/~ent/InterRest. Documentation and a complete walkthrough can be found at the same address. Imaging and spectroscopy data and catalogs are freely available through the MUSYC Public Data Release webpage: http://www.astro. yale.edu/MUSYC/. InterRest is available via http://www.strw. leidenuniv.nl/~ent/InterRest. Documentation and a complete walkthrough can be found at the same address.
Developing colloidal structure of beer by grain organic compounds

The present article introduces the problem of determining the general structure of beer as a complex system of related biomolecules. The objective was to establish the correlation of various quantities of organic compounds in beer formulation. The research featured samples of filtered pasteurized beer obtained from a retail chain shop in Moscow (Russia). The experiment relied on standard research methods, including instrumental methods of analysis, e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained experimental data underwent a statistical analysis using the Statistica software (StatSoft, 2016). The research established the correlation between the type of grain (barley or wheat malt) and the content of organic compounds, e.g., β-glucan, polyphenols, soluble nitrogen, etc. The research also revealed some patterns in the distribution of proteins, which served as a framework for the system of organic compounds. The distribution of thiol proteins proved to depend on the dissolution degree of the grain and was different in barley light, barley dark, and wheat malt samples. The fraction distribution of β-glucan depended on the color of the malt. In light beer samples, it concentrated in high- and medium-molecular fractions of nitrogenous substances, in dark beer – in low-molecular fractions (≤ 63%). Initial wort density and alcohol content affected the amount of catechins and total polyphenols. Nitrogenous compounds depended on the color, initial extract, and alcohol content. The nitrogenous structure and other organic compounds of beer proved to depend on protein substances. The research also revealed a number of factors that affected the fraction distribution of biomolecules in different beer sorts.
Combining prostate-specific antigen density with prostate imaging reporting and data system score version 2.1 to improve detection of clinically significant prostate cancer: A retrospective study

Globally, Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in the male population worldwide, but clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) is more aggressive and causes to more deaths. The authors aimed to construct the risk category based on Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) in combination with Prostate-Specific Antigen Density (PSAD) to improve CSPCa detection and avoid unnecessary biopsy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to compare the efficacy of the different predictors. The results revealed that PI-RADS v2.1 score and PSAD were independent predictors for CSPCa. Moreover, the combined factor shows a significantly higher predictive value than each single variable for the diagnosis of CSPCa. According to the risk stratification model constructed based on PI-RADS v2.1 score and PSAD, patients with PI-RADS v2.1 score of ≤2, or PI-RADS V2.1 score of 3 and PSA density of <0.15 ng/mL2, can avoid unnecessary of prostate biopsy and does not miss clinically significant prostate cancer.
Korean nurses’ perception and performance on communication with physicians in clinical deterioration

Effective communication between nurses and physicians is necessary for prompt and accurate responses in clinical deterioration. This study aimed to examine nurses’ perception and performance of communication with physicians in clinical deterioration situations in the ward. A descriptive research design with a survey of 250 ward nurses working in 2 tertiary hospitals was used. Regarding communication with the physician, nurses’ perception was highest for timeliness, followed by accuracy, understanding, satisfaction, and openness, and their performance was highest for preparation, followed by situation, background, assessment, and recommendation. It is suggested that proactive activities for improving openness, accuracy, satisfaction, and mutual understanding between physicians and nurses are required for patient safety. Additionally, the performance for assessment and recommendations should be improved. Education programs for nurses and physicians should be developed and applied to clinical practice to promote understanding and trust in interprofessional communication.
Hα EQUIVALENT WIDTHS FROM THE 3D-HST SURVEY: EVOLUTION WITH REDSHIFT AND DEPENDENCE ON STELLAR MASS

We investigate the evolution of the Hα equivalent width, EW(Hα), with redshift and its dependence on stellar mass, using the first data from the 3D-HST survey, a large spectroscopic Treasury program with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3. Combining our Hα measurements of 854 galaxies at 0.8 < z < 1.5 with those of ground-based surveys at lower and higher redshift, we can consistently determine the evolution of the EW(Hα) distribution from z = 0 to z = 2.2. We find that at all masses the characteristic EW(Hα) is decreasing toward the present epoch, and that at each redshift the EW(Hα) is lower for high-mass galaxies. We find EW(Hα) ∼(1 + z)1.8 with little mass dependence. Qualitatively, this measurement is a model-independent confirmation of the evolution of star-forming galaxies with redshift. A quantitative conversion of EW(Hα) to specific star formation rate (sSFR) is model dependent because of differential reddening corrections between the continuum and the Balmer lines. The observed EW(Hα) can be reproduced with the characteristic evolutionary history for galaxies, whose star formation rises with cosmic time to z ∼ 2.5 and then decreases to z = 0. This implies that EW(Hα) rises to 400 Å at z = 8. The sSFR evolves faster than EW(Hα), as the mass-to-light ratio also evolves with redshift. We find that the sSFR evolves as (1 + z)3.2, nearly independent of mass, consistent with previous reddening insensitive estimates. We confirm previous results that the observed slope of the sSFR–z relation is steeper than the one predicted by models, but models and observations agree in finding little mass dependence.
The Impact of Process and Formulation Parameters on the Fabrication of Efavirenz Nanosuspension to Improve Drug Solubility and Dissolution

Background Efavirenz nanosuspensions (EZ-NSs) were developed by the wet milling method as the most promising top-down nanosizing technique. Different process and formulation parameters were studied and optimized to produce appropriate EZ-NS in suitable conditions to enhance drug dissolution. Methods In the preliminary studies, various polymeric stabilizers, including Pluronic F68, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), as well as different sizes and weight of milling beads were used to prepare NSs. The effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) concentration on the NS properties was also evaluated. The influence of other formulation and process parameters, including polymer concentration, milling speed, and milling time, on the particle size and distribution of NSs were investigated using Box-Behnken design. The optimized freeze-dried nanosuspension was characterized by redispersibility, physicochemical properties, and stability. Results A combination of PVA and SLS was selected as steric and electrostatic stabilizers. The optimum EZ-NS displayed a uniform size distribution with a mean particle size and zeta potential of 254.4 nm and 21.1 mV, respectively. The solidified nanosuspension was well redispersed to the original nanoparticles. Significantly enhanced aqueous solubility (about 11-fold) and accelerated dissolution rate were observed for the optimized formulation. This could be attributed to the reduced particle size and partial amorphization of EZ during the preparation process, studied by X-ray diffraction. Accelerated studies confirmed the stability of the optimum freeze-dried formulation over the examined period of three months. Conclusions Optimization of different variables led to the formation of EZ-NSs with desired properties through wet milling in a very short time compared to the previous study and therefore reduced production costs. This formulation seems to be a suitable approach for solubility and dissolution enhancement of EZ and may have a great potential to improve the drug's oral bioavailability.
Ito equations out of domino cellular automaton with efficiency parameters

Ito equations are derived for simple stochastic cellular automaton with parameters describing efficiencies for avalanche triggering and cell occupation. Analytical results are compared with the numerical one obtained from the histogram method. Good agreement for various parameters supports the wide applicability of the Ito equation as a macroscopic model of some cellular automata and complex natural phenomena which manifest random energy release. Also, the paper is an example of effectiveness of histogram procedure as an adequate method of nonlinear modeling of time series.
From Fork Hands to Microchips: An Analysis of Trending #CovidVaccine Content on TikTok

TikTok has grown in popularity and has become a platform where users engage with information about COVID-19 in diverse and playful ways. As of July 2021, TikTok videos posted with the hashtag #CovidVaccine collectively received more than 1.4B views, making it the most prominent COVID-related hashtag on TikTok. This study investigates the discourse about COVID-19 vaccination on TikTok by analyzing 100 top TikTok videos that used the hashtag #CovidVaccine. The findings show an overwhelming number of the trending videos were created by citizens who did not identify themselves as professionals or experts, with a low contribution from mega-influencers compared with other influencer types. Content was largely positive in tone toward COVID-19 vaccines, with neutral videos less prominent, offering an agnostic tone about the vaccines. This study highlights some of the challenges and opportunities facing health communicators who seek to better understand TikTok and its audiences and find creative ways to communicate vaccine advocacy on such a pathos-centric, ambiguous platform. tone toward COVID-19 vaccines or vaccination. All used humor, and all creators were identified as citizens rather than professionals. Skits dominated as the most common style of video in this category. One of these videos depicted the needle-phobic content creator receiving the vaccine, supported by family but interacting with a very irritable nurse who had an aggressive manner, demanding the patient “stop hyperventilating. ” This offered a blending of rhetoric that carried some humor, with the overarching story being a shared account of an unpleasant encounter with a nurse. While the TikTok creator and her family wanted her to be vaccinated, which was the underlying premise of the video, this depiction of such a negative experience with an unsympathetic nurse could exacerbate many peoples’ concerns about the vaccine experience, as well as instill anxieties about interacting with medical professionals more broadly. This was an authentic personal account by someone who may have wished to use the video to share their unfortunate experience and possibly alert other health professionals to the negative impact of a harsh bedside manner during the vaccination process, particularly for needle-phobic patients. Yet the very negative video portrayal of a COVID-19 vaccination in action could contribute to hesitancy or avoidance. This is prevalent in the comments on this video, with many users discussing their fears of needles and concerns about medical professionals.
Convex Optimization & Euclidean Distance Geometry

Optimization is the science of making a best choice in the face of conflicting requirements. Any convex optimization problem has geometric interpretation. If a given optimization problem can be transformed to a convex equivalent, then this interpretive benefit is acquired. That is a powerful attraction: the ability to visualize geometry of an optimization problem. Conversely, recent advances in geometry hold convex optimization within their proofs' core. This book is about convex optimization, convex geometry (with particular attention to distance geometry), geometrical problems, and problems that can be transformed into geometrical problems. Euclidean distance geometry is, fundamentally, a determination of point conformation from interpoint distance information; e.g., given only distance information, determine whether there corresponds a realizable configuration of points; a list of points in some dimension that attains the given interpoint distances. large black & white paperback
INSTITUTIONALIZING CO-PRODUCTION IN THE CONSERVATION AND RENEWAL OF RESIDENTIAL URBAN HERITAGES IN SHANGHAI: The Obstacles and Solutions

: In Shanghai, the spatial division inside residential heritages is intricate. Even the smallest top-down renewal projects involve several households’ interests. Without an “empowered participatory governance” (Fung and Wright 2003), communities tend to form intense exclusion, refusing government interventions (Tallon 2013). Under such background, in 2017, the author accompanied a co-producing renewal process along with the Shanghai Xuhui district and communities. This paper reviews the co-production theory, summarizes its advantages of meeting individual demands and utilizing residents’ initiative inputs, its nature of breaking current rules and using conflicts tactics, as well as its drawbacks of potential structural and fire-fighting dangers of buildings, as shown in the “Dream Home” TV program. Then the paper examines the case of No.620 West Jianguo Road, a pilot project of institutionalizing the co-production, aiming at bringing out its merits and eliminating its defects. Two obstacles in this process are elaborated and the reasons for them are analyzed: a) The intricate interests within residents are hard to coordinate only by designers, but the current mechanism doesn’t enable the residents to reach a consensus beforehand or integrate them into the design phase. b) The division of ownership and use-right in the history causes unequal duties and rights and mutually restricted power between the residents and the state, resulting in the state’s inability to occupy or repair its property as well as the reluctance to support the residents’ initiative repair. Afterward, the paper proposes corresponding solutions based on relevant practical references, focusing on optimizing and deepening the mechanism of state-community engagement in the residential renewal, and adjusting the rights, responsibilities, and benefits of the owners and users. To sum up, this research suggests that a “public-sector led” co-production may be still possible, with a changed power balance and certain modification to the current rules, and could achieve unexpected results when the state has difficulty in delivering services; whereas the shift of planners’ roles indicates that empowerment may be gradually taking place.