Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extreme weather events in Small Island Developing States: barriers to climate change adaptation among coastal communities in a remote island of Fiji

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are heavily affected by climate change, challenging their economic development as a result. Although research on SIDS under climate change is gaining momentum, lack of data and research capacity remains a major problem. Similarly, little is known about the interactions between poverty and responses to climate change. In this chapter, we conduct a case study exploring how coastal communities on Rabi Island, Fiji, are affected by climate change. We identify reactive coping strategies to climate variability and change, and explore the extent to which these responses are conducive to climate change adaptation, adopting the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and using the CRiSTAL tool. We find that the majority of shocks are of a climatic or weather-related nature. We also find that the communities tend to adopt sustainable coping strategies in response to climatic shocks. However, the increased frequency of such events, and the disproportionate burden on lower-income households, can act as barriers for the effective uptake of adaptation measures. This study can potentially inform local and regional policy as it pinpoints possible areas of intervention where strategic activities could support adaptation strategies to address climate change vulnerabilities.
OFFICIATING AND SECURITY AS INDICES FOR EFFECTIVE ORGANISATION OF INTER-FACULTY SPORTS COMPETITION IN UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA

This study was designed to investigate the indices for effective organisation of inter-faculty sports competition in the University of Port Harcourt with emphasis on officiating and security. Information was gathered through the use of a questionnaire to collate data from students in University of Port Harcourt. A total number of one hundred respondents were used for this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample the respondents. The results showed that there is need for adequate knowledge of the rules and regulations guiding every sport to be competed for by both the student-athletes and officials and also adequate security. Based on the findings, it is recommended that emphasis should be on knowledge of reviewed rules and regulations for every sport by officials while adequate security should be provided at competition venues to forestall any breakdown of law and order. Article visualizations:
The moderating role of two learning related behaviours in preschool children's academic outcomes: learning behaviour and executive function

ABSTRACT Executive function and learning behaviour play an important role in children's academic outcomes by helping them maintain attention, work cooperatively, and stay focused, especially for those from lower family socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. This study explored whether these learning-related skills were associated with children's concurrent math and literacy skills and whether they moderated the associations of family SES with math and literacy skills. Preschool children (n = 179) from early childhood education settings were directly assessed on executive function, math, and literacy skills. Executive function and learning behaviour were significantly correlated with children's math and literacy outcomes. Learning behavior moderated the association between family SES and child math outcomes. Teachers may support learning behaviour by teaching active listening and frustration management techniques, thus motivating children to actively participate in learning. This serves to buffer the negative impacts of family SES on children's academic outcomes, specifically math skills.
Medical speciality research in Saudi Arabia: A bibliometric assessment of productivity and worldwide ranking

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the medical specialities that had a positive relative contribution to scientific productivity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) over the last two decades and to determine the influence of their contribution on KSA worldwide ranking in these specialities. Methods: SCImago Journal and Country Rank was used to determine KSA's ranking in 46 medical specialities during 1996-2014 based on four productivity indices. Relative Specialisation Index (RSI) was calculated for each speciality. Specialities with RSI >0 were defined as the positive relative contribution specialities in KSA. They were compared with the remaining specialities using a number of parameters that were examined statistically. Results: The median KSA ranking in 46 specialities was 42 for total documents, 43 for total cites, 79 for citations per document and 44 for h-index. Fourteen (30%) specialities were designated as the positive relative contribution specialities in KSA. These were ophthalmology, medicine (miscellaneous), paediatrics, complementary medicine, clinical genetics, clinical biochemistry, transplantation, surgery, infectious disease, nephrology, pulmonology, epidemiology, otolaryngology and anaesthesiology. Being a positive relative contribution speciality in KSA was not influenced by the nature of speciality or by having its own Saudi journal; however, it was associated with a significantly higher KSA ranking based on total documents, total cites and h-index but not based on citations per document. Conclusions: Medical speciality contribution to research productivity in KSA was not influenced by the speciality having a Saudi journal. Positive relative contribution specialities had a significant impact on KSA ranking in three out of the four indices. KSA's medical specialities were ranked relatively low based on citations per document. KSA researchers of all medical disciplines should be encouraged to publish quality research in local and international journals.
The Effects of Suckling and Artificially Providing Colostrum (Varying Amount) on The Passive Immunity of Newborn Calves

Surdurulebilir nitelikteki sigir isletmelerinde suru devamliligi bakimindan buzagilarin saglikli olmasi cok onemlidir. Buzagilarin cok iyi nitelikte kolostrumla yeterli miktarda beslenebilmesi; buzaginin sagligi, gelisimi, immun sistemi ve yasama gucu uzerindeki en onemli faktor olarak gosterilmektedir. Sunulan bu calismada hayvan materyalini yeni dogmus simental irki buzagilar olusturmaktadir. Hayvanlar, Afyon Ballipinar Simental Isletmesinin damizlik hayvanlarindan dogan buzagilardan cinsiyet ayrimi yapilmaksizin rastgele secildi ve gruplara dengeli olarak dagitildi. Gruplardaki annelerin laktasyon sayisinin dengeli olmasina dikkat edildi. Calismada 15 disi 12 erkek olmak uzere toplam 27 buzagi kullanildi. Grup 1: Annesini direkt olarak memesinden emen buzagilar, Grup 2: Dogum agirliginin %5'i kadar kolostrumu biberon ile emen buzagilar, Grup 3: Dogum agirliginin %8'i kadar kolostrumu biberon ile emen buzagilar olmak uzere 3 gruba ayrildi. Dogum sonrasi en hijyenik ve cabuk sekilde buzaginin kolostrum almasi saglanmalidir. Buradaki yontem ya da miktar isletmenin alt yapisi ve olanaklarina gore secilebilir. Refraktometre ile lg seviyesinin kontrolu yaniltici sonuclar verebilir. Bu nedenle en dogru yol ELISA ile immunglobulin tayinidir. Bu nedenle, arastirmamizdan elde edilen sonuclar isiginda, gelisen teknoloji ile birlikte daha hassas olcum yapabilen, pratik kullanima uygun refraktometrelerin ya da ELISA kadar guvenilir sonuclar veren hazir tani kitlerinin uretilmesi ile kolostrum yetmezligine bagli buzagi kayiplarinin en aza indirilebilecegi sonucuna varildi.
The impact of transport infrastructure on productivity, employment center growth, and land values in the Seoul region

Transport infrastructure investment has been a pillar of urban and regional development strategies as well as a key policy tool for economic growth in the European Union, the United States, China and many other countries. It has also been regarded as one of the key planning tools for tackling a range of urban and regional issues. However, the link between transport infrastructure investment and economic performance remains unclear. Debates regarding the magnitude of the effects of transport infrastructure investment on economic performance have been ongoing for decades, and it is still unclear how and to what extent transport infrastructure investment leads to increased economic performance and economic development. This knowledge gap makes it difficult draw any reliable conclusion about the impact of transport infrastructure investment and makes it difficult for policy makers to evaluate transport infrastructure projects. In addition, little is known about the economic effects of transport infrastructure at the micro level. In the present research, sophisticated statistical and spatial methods have been used to better understand and analyse the impact of transport infrastructure on economic performance. // This research aims to provide reliable empirical evidence regarding the effect of transport infrastructure on three aspects of economic performance: productivity, employment centre growth and land values. The objective of this research is to (1) develop empirical strategies for the three analyses and create various accessibility measures and spatial variables, (2) investigate the link between transport-induced economic effects and firm productivity, (3) examine the relationship between transportinduced labour accessibility and the growth of employment centres and (4) explore the impact of rail transit investment on residential and commercial land values. // The results reveal that transport infrastructure is influential in promoting productivity, employment centre growth and land values. Specifically, (1) transport-induced workforce accessibility is positively related to firm productivity, (2) transport-induced labour accessibility is a determinant of job growth in employment centres and (3) the completion of rail transit leads to positive yet modest proximity and accessibility effects on residential and commercial land in the vicinity of rail stations as well as on land in the wider neighbourhood of rail stations. Transport infrastructure can lead to an Abstract 4 increase in economic performance and economic development. The economic effects of transport infrastructure include more than just time-saving benefits. It not only reduces travel costs but also increases productivity, land values and job growth in employment centres. The spatial extent of the economic effect of transport infrastructure is not confined to the area near the transport network but can extend to the wider neighbourhood beyond the vicinity of the transport network.
Energy Management Practices’ Determinants in Greek Enterprises

The implementation of energy management over recent decades has been considered to be particularly important for companies wishing to save energy resources, to tackle the issue of climate change, and, at the same time, maintain their competitive edge in an ever-changing environment. The main objective of this article is to identify and analyse all of those critical factors that may affect the implementation of effective energy management practices by Greek enterprises. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the implementation of energy management in Greek enterprises. The survey was conducted between May and September 2016. Out of the 649 questionnaires sent, 132 were collected (a response rate of 20.3%). The implementation of energy management in Greek enterprises is affected particularly positively by the implementation of a structured and integrated energy management system as far as the main findings of the survey are concerned. The use of modern technology, the involvement of the employees, and the commitment of the senior management proved to be additional critical determinants in the implementation of energy management in the operation of businesses.
Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Decline: Moving from the Mechanistic Debate towards Prevention and Treatment—A Clinical Review

Patients receiving chemotherapy have reported cognitive challenges including short-term memory loss and reduced executive functioning. While cognitive decline can be multifactorial and related to aging, depression, surgery, and other medications, there has been a steadily increasing body of knowledge showing a significant association between cognitive decline and chemotherapy administration. This clinical review summarizes patient-reported cognitive changes, support from neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing. The mechanism of action of and patient susceptibilities to cognitive decline are reviewed. Current behavioral and pharmacologic interventions are discussed. There is a need to identify patients at risk for developing chemotherapy induced cognitive decline and to screen for early signs of cognitive deterioration. The risk of cognitive dysfunction and possible interventions should be included in the informed consent discussion with patients who are undergoing cytotoxic treatments.
Assessment of the Physicochemical Quality of Irrigation Water and Soil for Sustainable Irrigated Rice Cultivation: Case of Irrigated Perimeter of M’Bahiakro (Central-East of Côte d’Ivoire)

This study aims to assess the physico-chemical quality of irrigation water and soil in the irrigated area of M’Bahiakro. Seasonal campaigns to measure in situ the physical parameters (pH, temperature, salinity, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids) of the N’Zi River were carried out, followed by sampling (water and soil) for chemical analyses. The physico-chemical quality of irrigation water was assessed on the basis of four (4) parameters, namely Dry Residue (SR), Osmotic Pressure (π), Kelly Coefficient (KCR), Sodium Absorption Rate (SAR) and Wilcox Diagram. In terms of soil quality, the parameters (pH, N, P, P, K, MO, CEC and ESP) were determined. Overall, the results show a good physical-chemical quality of the irrigation water and soil. Indeed, the irrigation waters studied show good physico-chemistry and low to medium salinity depending on the seasons of the year. As for the soils, they have a clayey-silt texture, a slightly acidic pH, favourable to rice cultivation and a good organic matter content, which best maintains an active microbial life. In addition, the major elements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) present in irrigation water and soils could be enough to optimize the yield of rice cultivation. These results then lead to the conclusion that the irrigation water from the N’Zi River and the soils of the irrigated perimeter of M’Bahiakro are naturally suitable for agricultural use, particularly for rice cultivation. As a result, an additional supply of fertilizer (NPK) would not necessarily be necessary during the exploitation phase of the rice area.
Hey, Do You Have Instagram? The blurring lines between private and professional iden55es on social networking sites in the context of social norms and online boundary management.

Smartphones and in turn social networking sites (SNS) have become daily companions for a lot of people around the globe. Social media allows for the instant sharing of the most in5mate experiences with respec5ve audiences. This poten5ally wide-ranging visibility of social media presences affects not only the private lives of individuals but also more and more their professional lives. It can become a risk when private and professional lives cross paths online. Whereas there are clear norms that cons5tute professional behavior at work, there are no such norms governing social media profiles. Consequently, the possibili5es of norm viola5ons arise which can lead to disapproval from colleagues. Yet, the appeal of social media usage is growing stronger and has started permea5ng not only teenagers lives anymore but also adult users lives. Therefore, adult users have to find a balance between providing informa5on about oneself to colleagues but not viola5ng any professional norms. This is a behavior which has been labelled online boundary management. However, research as to what determinants influence the decision to be more private or more open online in regards to co-workers is s5ll scarce. In the context of online boundary management theory as well as the theory of planned behavior, this study examined the influence of perceived social norms at work on individuals’ preference for separa5on between work contacts and private contacts on Instagram. An online survey was conducted where the perceived social norms at the respondents’ workplace were measured in four dis5nct categories. Their levels of preferred separa5on of work and private contacts was also assessed. The concept of perceived social risk was included in the analysis as a poten5al mediator. The findings suggest that two out of the four measured perceived social norms aspects, work/life integra5on norms as well as Instagram usage norms, had significant effects on the desire to separate work contacts from private contacts on the SNS Instagram. Higher levels of perceived formaliza5on in work/life integra5on norms as well as Instagram norms lead to a stronger preference for separa5on between contacts. Furthermore, social risk was found to par5ally mediate this rela5onship. Social norms regarding communica5on prac5ces or rules and regula5ons did not show strong significance.
Evaluation of Flow Field in the Layouts of Cross-Shaped Artificial Reefs

Artificial reefs (ARs) are purposely submerged in natural aquatic environments to provide additional habitat for fish. The reasonable layout of ARs on the sea floor can effectively enhance and support important marine species. This research involves a three-dimensional numerical simulation to analyze the flow effect of three types of AR layouts based on computational fluid dynamics. Through numerical simulation of the flow past the reefs, we can determine the scale of the upwelling and back-eddy flow. Based on the simulation data, the rational transverse distance between two cross-shaped artificial reefs (CSARs) is 6L (L is the length of the single reef), which is used to design the layouts of CSARs. Five indicators have been used to evaluate the flow field effect of these three layouts. According to the comparison of five indications for different layouts of CSAR, it is more reasonable to divide the AR layouts into two categories: upwelling layout and back eddy layout. Finally, the sphere of influence of the AR layouts on the fisheries resource is also discussed.
Does the Impact of Norms Vary by Type of Norm and Type of Conservation Behavior? A Meta-Analysis

Abstract Norms can be powerful motivators of conservation behavior. Research has distinguished between subjective or injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and personal norms. To date, there is no clear consensus on the relative influence of these different norms on intentions to engage in different conservation behaviors. We conducted a meta-analysis of 100 articles (142 evaluation contexts) examining links between subjective/injunctive, descriptive, and/or personal norms and behavioral intentions to identify how correlations vary by the type of norm and type of conservation behavior. Adding personal and descriptive norms to behavioral intention models significantly reduced the effect of subjective/injunctive norms on intentions. Personal and descriptive norms had a larger relative influence on intentions and were more often significantly associated with intentions compared to subjective norms. Our review highlights the importance of including all three types of norms in models of conservation behavior intentions.
Analysis of resistance characteristics of liquid flow in microfluidic channels

In order to investigate the resistance characteristics of liquid flow in microfluidic channels, the mathematical models of liquid flow resistance in microfluidic channels are established in this paper. The microfluidic channel samples with different parameters are designed and fabricated by using soft lithography technology. The effects of channel parameters of channel aspect ratio α, channel equivalent diameter dl and channel length/diameter ratio l / dl on liquid flow resistance are analysed and tested through experiments. This paper reveals the flow resistance performances in microfluidic channels and provides research basis for improving the flow characteristics and optimizing the microfluidic channel structures.
The linearity of the El Niño teleconnection to the Amundsen Sea region

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives interannual variability in West Antarctic climate through altering atmospheric circulation in the Amundsen Sea region (ASR). The El Niño–ASR teleconnection is known to be strongest in austral winter and spring, but its variation with El Niño amplitude is underexplored. This study uses experiments from the HadGEM3‐A climate model to investigate the El Niño–ASR teleconnection for a range of imposed SST perturbations spanning weak (0.75 K) to strong (3 K) amplitudes. In austral winter, the El Niño–ASR teleconnection behaves linearly for El Niño amplitudes up to 2.25 K, but is found to weaken for stronger forcing (3 K). The anomalous Rossby wave source in the subtropical South Pacific increases monotonically with El Niño amplitude. However, a Rossby wave reflection surface originally located in the western South Pacific sector extends progressively eastward with increasing El Niño amplitude, reducing wave propagation into the ASR. The wave reflection surface is associated with curvature in the upper tropospheric zonal winds which intensifies as the subtropical jet strengthens under El Niño forcing. In contrast, the El Niño–ASR teleconnection in austral summer, which more closely resembles the Southern Annular Mode, is found to increase linearly for El Niño amplitudes up to 3 K. The results explicitly demonstrate that a linear approximation of the El Niño teleconnection to the ASR is reasonable based on the range of El Niño amplitudes observed in recent history.
Use of Data Analysis Methods in Dental Publications: Is There Evidence of a Methodological Change?

Objectives: To evaluate how data analysis methods in dental studies have changed in recent years. Methods: A total of 400 articles published in 2010 and 2017 in five dental journals, Journal of Dental Research, Caries Research, Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Journal of Dentistry, and Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, were analyzed. The study characteristics and the reporting of data analysis techniques were systematically identified. Results: The statistical intensity of the dental journals did not change from 2010 to 2017. Dental researchers did not adopt the data mining, machine learning, or Bayesian approaches advocated in the computer-oriented methodological literature. The determination of statistical significance was the most generally used method for conducting research in both 2010 and 2017. Observational study designs were more common in 2017. Insufficient and incomplete descriptions of statistical methods were still a serious problem. Conclusion: The stabilization of statistical intensity in the literature suggests that papers applying highly computationally complex data analysis methods have not meaningfully contributed to dental research or clinical care. Greater rigor is required in reporting the methods in dental research articles, given the current pervasiveness of failure to describe the basic techniques used.