Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress management can facilitate weight loss in Greek overweight and obese women: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND Stress and negative emotions have been shown to be critical factors in inducing overeating as a form of maladaptive coping in obese people. METHODS The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an 8-week stress management programme that includes progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and diaphragmatic breathing on weight loss and eating behaviour in a sample of overweight and obese women who started a weight-loss programme. A total of 34 women with a mean (SD) body mass index of 38.17 (7.19) kg m(-) ² and mean (SD) age 47.35 (11.64) years were recruited from the outpatients Obesity Clinic of a public hospital in Athens. Participants were randomly assigned into a Stress Management (SM) and a control group. Anthropometric measurements were taken before and after the intervention, and the participants completed the following questionnaires: Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Eating Attitudes Test (Eat-26), Health Locus of Control (HLC) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) before and after the intervention. RESULTS The findings indicated a significant improvement in weight loss in the SM group [4.44 (0.83) kg] after intervention compared to the control group [1.38 (0.78) kg] (P < 0.05). A higher restrained eating behaviour was observed in the SM group after intervention compared to the control group, although there was no significant difference in perceived stress levels. CONCLUSIONS The intervention group showed greater weight reduction, possibly because of the stress management programme, and a greater dietary restraint was demonstrated by them compared to the control group. It is likely that stress management could facilitate weight loss in obese women; however, more studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Approximate boundaries between different flow regimes in fractured rocks

Recent studies have shown how water films at near‐zero matric potentials on fracture surfaces could permit fast flow in unsaturated fractures. The present work is aimed at delineating the ranges of conditions necessary to permit film flow. The approximate matric potential needed to permit thickening of water films on fracture surfaces was estimated through correlating air‐entry matric potentials and permeabilities for a wide range of porous media. An upper matric potential limit, associated with saturating the fracture, was related to the fracture aperture. These two limits, one dependent on matrix permeability and the other on fracture aperture, delineate the matric potential range within which thick water films develop on fracture surfaces. Rocks with matrix permeabilities less than ∼10−14 m2, and fractures with apertures greater than ∼30 μm permit some matric potential range over which thick water films can form. Highly transmissive films can develop on fracture surfaces only under near‐zero matric and pressure potentials.
A case study of gas-to-particle conversion in an eastern Canadian forest

Aerosol and trace gas measurements were made at Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia, Canada, during the summer of 1996. A case study from July 7-8 provides evidence of nucleation and condensation of products related to the oxidation of different biogenic emissions. Particles from 5 nm to 50 nm in diameter evolved during the afternoon and early evening associated with variations in isoprene. Late in the evening the α- and β-pinene mixing ratios and the aerosol particle volume increased. Soon after, there was a sharp increase in RO 2 H/H 2 O 2 that persisted until about 0100 LT. The initial increases in the pinenes and aerosols were strong and influenced by changes in winds. After 2200 LT, and into the early morning, the winds were relatively steady, and the α-and β-pinene mixing ratios continually decreased. The decay of α-pinene is explained through reaction with O 3 . However, the addition of OH radicals from the reaction of terpenes with O 3 is necessary to explain the observed rate of decay of β-pinene. During the same time, the aerosol volume increased with the decrease in α- and β-pinene. The volume increase was distributed 40:60 between particles in a mode centered at 80-90 nm and particles > 150 nm. The fine particle mass concentrations of the measured inorganic ions (sulfate, nitrate, chloride, ammonium, sodium, and calcium) and organic ions (oxalate, formate, acetate, pyruvate, propionate) account for 25-30% of the total aerosol volume during the period (2.7 μm 3 cm -3 ) indicating that the aerosol volume increase was due to unidentified species. Assuming that the increase in the aerosol was the result of products from the oxidation of α- and β-pinene, an aerosol mass yield of 13% is estimated. The concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei active at 0.2% supersaturation were enhanced by the appearance of the 80-90 nm mode pointing to at least some of these forest-generated particles as being able to serve as nuclei for cloud droplets at common atmospheric supersaturations.
Adolescent Suicide Attempt Prevention: Predictors of Response to a Cognitive-Behavioral Family & Youth Centered Intervention

Suicide is a leading cause of adolescent death. Recent data support the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral treatments with strong family components for reducing suicide risk; however, not all youth benefit from current interventions. Identifying predictors of treatment response can inform treatment selection and optimize benefits. This study examines predictors of response to a DBT-informed cognitive-behavioral family treatment (SAFETY), among 50 youth with recent suicide attempts/self-harm. Youth and parents were assessed at baseline and post-treatment. Results indicated medium to large effect sizes for SAFETY on youth suicidal behavior (SB; defined as suicide attempts, aborted attempts, and planning), depression, hopelessness, social adjustment, and parental depression. Classification tree analysis, with a correct classification rate of 93.3%, and follow-up logistic analyses indicated that 35% of youths reporting active SB at baseline reported active SB at post-treatment, whereas post-treatment SB was rare among youths whose active suicidality had resolved by the baseline assessment (5%). Among youths reporting baseline SB, those endorsing sleep problems were more likely to report post-treatment SB (53%) versus those without sleep problems (0%). These findings highlight the potential value of personalized treatment approaches based on pre-treatment characteristics and the significance of baseline SB and medium-to-large effect sizes for Our demonstrating medium-to-large effects our and 2 samples strengthen confidence in the range of observed effects highlight the potential value of developing personalized approaches that use baseline characteristics to inform treatment strategies. Finally, our findings indicating that sleep problems are associated with reduced benefits of the SAFETY treatment, a skills-based CBT-oriented treatment, suggest the value of evaluating and addressing problems when deciding upon a treatment strategy.
The transition from a passive margin to an Upper Cretaceous foreland basin related to ophiolite emplacement in the Oman Mountains

The Upper Cretaceous Muti Formation in the Oman Mountains exemplifies the transition from a passive continental margin to a foreland basin related to thrusting and ophiolite emplacement. Field data largely substantiate theoretical models that depict a flexural forebulge moving continentward of an advancing thrust-load, followed by flexural downwarping and collapse as nappes override a continental margin. Five units of the Upper Cretaceous (? late Cenomanian–late Campanian) Muti Formation depositionally, or structurally, overlie Mesozoic passive-margin paleoenvironments ranging from abyssal plain to continental rise, slope, and carbonate platform. The Arabian continental margin and Tethys ocean rifted in Permian and Triassic time, giving rise to a mature passive margin in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous. At the end of Lower Cretaceous time, northeastward subduction apparently began, and the Semail ophiolite formed, probably in a marginal basin setting. As subduction continued, the trench migrated toward the Arabian continent preceded by a flexural fore-bulge that soon reached the adjacent Arabian continent (Cenomanian-Turonian; ca. 90−88.5 Ma), halting deposition regionally (“Wasia-Aruma break”). Flexural uplift was greatest near the shelf edge, with removal of as much as 600 m of the platform edge succession, and redeposition onto the base of slope as slump sheets, debris flows, and lithoclastic turbidites. As the advancing thrust-load impinged on the edge of the Tethys ocean, the crust was downflexed (late Coniacian–Campanian time; 88.5−73 Ma), creating a foredeep that partly filled with terrigenous clastics, olistostromes, detached blocks of rift-related carbonate build-ups, seamount volcanics and continental basement rocks. The basin depocenter migrated inboard with time, collapsing, in turn, Mesozoic abyssal plain, base of slope, and slope settings to establish a foreland basin on the foundered shelf. Terrigenous sediments accumulated in deep water below the carbonate compensation depth (CCD), together with lithoclastic limestones and detached blocks shed from submarine fault scarps. Successive foreland basins were overridden by the advancing nappes. During the later stages of thrusting onto the continent, Mesozoic sediment decollement nappes were bulldozed ahead of the Semail nappe, ploughing into the existing foreland basin. In conjunction with the final emplacement of the Semail ophiolite, the foreland basin migrated to its most continentward location and filled with clastics derived by subaerial erosion of the Semail nappe and other units. The nappes were submerged again in late Maastrichtian time, possibly in response to flexural relaxation, followed by re-establishment of a carbonate platform. Further compression and thrusting in the Paleocene-Eocene gave rise to a successor foreland basin adjacent to the northern Oman Mountains front.
European climate optimum and enhanced Greenland melt during the Last Interglacial

The Last Interglacial climatic optimum, ca. 128 ka, is the most recent climate interval signifi cantly warmer than present, providing an analogue (albeit imperfect) for ongoing global warming and the effects of Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) melting on climate over the coming millennium. While some climate models predict an Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strengthening in response to GIS melting, others simulate weakening, leading to cooling in Europe. Here, we present evidence from new proxy-based paleoclimate and ocean circulation reconstructions that show that the strongest warming in western Europe coincided with maximum GIS meltwater runoff and a weaker AMOC early in the Last Interglacial. By performing a series of climate model sensitivity experiments, including enhanced GIS melting, we were able to simulate this confi guration of the Last Interglacial climate system and infer information on AMOC slowdown and related climate effects. These experiments suggest that GIS melt inhibited deep convection off the southern coast of Greenland, cooling local climate and reducing AMOC by ~24% of its present strength. However, GIS melt did not perturb overturning in the Nordic Seas, leaving heat transport to, and thereby temperatures in, Europe unaffected.
Effect of overburden pressure and the nature and microscopic distribution of fluids on electrical properties of rock samples

Laboratory equipment aimed at determining the exact correlation between resistivity and water saturation under stress, pressure, and temperature conditions is described in the first part of this paper. The porous-plate method adapted to reservoir conditions is used to obtain different saturation values during both drainage and imbition. With this equipment, the influence of the effective stress on the porosity and formation resistivity factor can be studied before the test. In the second part of this paper, the values of the formation resistivity factor and resistivity index are compared for water-wet samples from sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. These measurements indicate that the influence of the effective stress depends on the nature of the rock sample. In addition, the resistivity/water-saturation law depends on the direction of the saturation change (drainage or imbition) and on the nature of the fluids (water/oil or water/gas).
Early Miocene flora of the Manuherikia Group, New Zealand. 5. Smilacaceae, Polygonaceae, Elaeocarpaceae

Three taxa of fossil leaves are described from Miocene sediments of the Manuherikia group, Central Otago, New Zealand. One is identical to the extant New Zealand Ripogonum scandens (Smilacaceae), with which it is identified. The second has leaves larger than, but otherwise similar to, the extant New Zealand Muehlenbeckia australis (Polygonaceae). The third is described with affinities to Sloanea or Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae). It is distinct from extant New Zealand members of Elaeocarpaceae.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection is associated with less pathologic uncertainty than endoscopic mucosal resection in diagnosing and staging Barrett's‐related neoplasia

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have demonstrated similar efficacy in removal of neoplastic esophageal lesions. However, significant controversy exists over the preferred resection technique. Our primary aim was to compare the pathologic specimens produced via EMR and ESD and secondarily gauge their effect on clinical decision making and patient outcomes.
A new species of Megatherium (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) from the Pleistocene of Sacaco and Tres Ventanas, Peru

Megatherium urbinai sp. nov. is a new megatheriine ground sloth from Pleistocene beds of the Sacaco area and Tres Ventanas Cave, Peru. This new species is referred to the genus Megatherium based primarily on humeral, femoral, and astragalar morphology. It is characterized by various features, such as a strongly reduced metacarpal‐carpal‐complex (MCC) and a reduced, oval scaphoid facet of the MCC located at the medial extremity of the bone that does not contact without the McII facet. The distal side of the unciform bears an undivided articular surface for the metacarpals III–V. The lateral femoral margin is nearly rectilinear and the tibia and fibula do not fuse distally. The astragalus is oriented more medially, the navicular is in a medial position, the ectocuneiform articulates with MtIII–IV, and the MtIV is more inclined laterally than in M. tarijense and M. americanum. M. urbinai is one of the smallest Megatherium species known along with M. altiplanicum. It has the most marked torsion of the pes for the genus. It extends the palaeogeographic distribution of the genus in South America. It is phylogenetically close to other Andean megatheriines and is less specialised than M. tarijense, and does not belong to the clade constituted by [M. altiplanicum + M. americanum].
Bulk-up synchronization of successive larval cohorts of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii through temperature reduction at early larval stages: effect on emergence rates, body size and mating successss

Background Malaria persists as a huge medical and economic burden. Although the number of cases and death rates have reduced in recent years, novel interventions are a necessity if such gains are to be maintained. Alternative methods to target mosquito vector populations that involve the release of large numbers genetically modi�ed mosquitoes are in development. However, their successful introduction will require innovative strategies to bulk-up mosquito numbers and improve mass rearing protocols for Anopheles mosquitoes. Methods The relationship between mosquito aquatic stage development and temperature was exploited so that multiple cohorts of mosquitoes, from separate egg batches, could be synchronized to ‘bulk-up’ the number of mosquitoes released. First instar larvae were separated into two cohorts: the �rst, maintained under standard insectary conditions at 27 o C, the second subjected to an initial 5-day cooling period at 19 o C. Results Cooling of 1 st instars slowed the mean emergence times of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae by 2.4 and 3.5 days, respectively, compared to their 27 o C counterparts. Pupation and emergence rates were good (> 85%) in all conditions. Temperature adjustment had no effect on mosquito sex ratio and adult �tness parameters such as body size and mating success were also comparable with the control cohort. Bulk-up operational studies and mass release
Pregnancy-related hormones and COMT genotype: Associations with maternal working memoryPregnancy hormones, COMT genotype, and maternal working memory

Women experience different degrees of subjective cognitive changes during pregnancy. The exact mechanism underlying these changes is unknown, although endocrine alterations and genetics may be contributing factors. We investigated whether multiple pregnancy-related hormones were associated with working memory function assessed with the Digit Span Test (DST) in late pregnancy. Moreover, we examined whether the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype, previously related to working memory, was an effect modifier in this
Extreme distributions of Australian annual rainfall in relation to sea surface temperature

Sea surface temperature (SST) measurements from 1950 to 1969 are analysed for an extensive region of the Southern Hemisphere for six years of very high and very low areal extent of above normal Australian continental rainfall. Years of extensive drought are found to be associated with a predominantly low SST persisting throughout the year over the eastern Indian Ocean and the south west Pacific in the Australasian region particularly at low latitudes; very wet years over the continent are associated with a persistently warm SST extending from the equator to mid latitudes in the same region. Although the extreme years tend to be related to extremes of a Southern Oscillation index this is not always the case. Examination of SST over the eastern Pacific for the same years indicates some evidence that its thermal anomalies are in general opposite to those in the Australasian region though this is not so in all cases. Eastern South Pacific SST data sequences for years preceding and following individual extreme rainfall years over Australia show rapid and differing changes so that their forecasting potential is very limited.
First international consensus on the diagnosis and management of fibromuscular dysplasia.

: This article is a comprehensive document on the diagnosis and management of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) which was commissioned by the Working Group 'Hypertension and the Kidney' of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the Society for Vascular Medicine (SVM). This document updates previous consensus documents/scientific statements on FMD published in 2014 with full harmonization of the position of European and US experts. In addition to practical consensus-based clinical recommendations, including a consensus protocol for catheter-based angiography and percutaneous angioplasty for renal FMD, the document also includes the first analysis of the European/International FMD Registry and provides updated data from the US Registry for FMD. Finally, it provides insights on ongoing research programs and proposes future research directions for understanding this multifaceted arterial disease.
An Assessment of Patient, Caregiver, and Clinician Perspectives arge Phase of Care on the Post-disch

Objective: We sought to elicit patients’, caregivers’, and health care providers’ perceptions of home recovery to inform care personalization in the learning health system. Summary Background Data: Postsurgical care has shifted from the hospital into the home. Daily care responsibilities fall to patients and their caregivers, yet stakeholder concerns in these heterogeneous environments, especially as they relate to racial inequities, are poorly understood. Methods: Surgical oncology patients, caregivers, and clinicians participated in freelisting; an open-ended interviewing technique used to identify essential elements of a domain. Within 2 weeks after discharge, participants were queried on 5 domains: home independence, social support, pain control, immediate, and overall surgical impact. Salience indices, measures of the most important words of interest, were calculated using Anthropac by domain and group. Results: Forty patients [20 whites and 20 African-Americans (AAs)], 30 caregivers (17 whites and 13 AAs), and 20 providers (8 residents, 4 nurses, 4 nurse practitioners, and 4 attending surgeons) were interviewed. Patients and caregivers attended to the personal recovery experience, whereas providers described activities and individuals associated with recovery. All groups defined surgery as life-changing, with providers and caregivers discussing financial and mortality concerns. Patients shared similar thoughts about social support and self-care ability by race, whereas AA patients described heterogeneous pain management and more hopeful recovery perceptions. AA caregivers expressed more positive responses than white caregivers. Conclusions: Patients live the day-to-day of recovery, whereas caregivers and clinicians also contemplate more expansive concerns. Incorporating relevant perceptions into traditional clinical outcomes and concepts could enhance the surgical experience for all stakeholders.
Prevalence estimates of dementia in older adults in rural Kilimanjaro 2009â•fi2010 and 2018â•fi2019: is there evidence of changing prevalence?

Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Department of Medicine, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK Mirembe National Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Hai District Hospital, Boman'gombe, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania Mount Meru Hospital, Arusha, Tanzania
Long-Term Effects of Alternative Residue Management Practices on Soil Water Retention in a Wheat-Soybean, Double-Crop System in Eastern Arkansas

Soil water retention is a critical aspect of agricultural management, especially in areas such as the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley that face potential water shortages in the near future. Previous studies have linked changes in soil water retention characteristics to agricultural management practices, especially as they affect the accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between soil water potential and gravimetric soil water content in the top 7.5 cm as affected by nitrogen (N) fertilization/residue level (high and low), residue burning (burning and non-burning), tillage (conventional and no-tillage), and irrigation (irrigated and non-irrigated) after 12 complete cropping cycles in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ], double-crop production system in the Delta region of eastern Arkansas using soil wetting curves. The soil investigated was a Calloway silt loam (fine silty, mixed, active, thermic Glossaquic Fraglossudalf). The slope characterizing the relationship between the natural logarithm of the soil water potential and the gravimetric soil water content was only affected (P 0.12 g·g-1. Understanding the ways in which alternative residue management practices affect soil water retention characteristics is an important component of conserving irrigation water resources.