Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation in the Impact of Insect Herbivory on Trifolium Pratense Through Early Plant Succession

This paper reports on the results of a three-year field experiment in which natural levels of insects were reduced on plants of Trifolium pratense L. growing in three communities of different successional age. The effects of herbivory on growth, reproduction and survivorship are compared in insecticide-treated and control plants of similar ages. Variation is reported in the effects of herbivore damage to plants at different successional stages
Guide to the identification of Scorpionfish larvae (family Scorpaenidae) in the Eastern Pacific with comparative notes on species of Sebastes and Helicolenus from other oceans

Developmentd stages of 51 species or forms of wrpionlisbes are described and illustrated in this identification guide. Thirty-eight are from the eastern Pacific and represent sir of the eight ror paenid genera known from that region-Sebartes, Sebartolobw, Scorpaenodes, Scorpaena, Pontiruu, and Eetreposebartes. Sebarter is the most thoroughly treated; developmental series of six species from the eastern Pacific are described and illustrated; pigment patterns of early larvae of 33 species are given and 23 of these are illustrated. Larval aeries of three North Atlantic species of Sebartes are described and illustrated as is a series of Sebarter from off Chile: in addition, the published information on eight northwestern Pacific species is summarized and discusned in relation to the eastern Pacific and Atlantic species. The other genera are represented by one or two species. Since larvae of the eastem Pacific species of Helicolenw were not available, a larval series of If. dactylopterus from the Atlantic are described for comparative purposes. Larvae of the eighth eastern Pacific scorpaenid genus, Trachyscorpia, are unknown. T w o dichotomous keys to the eastern Pacific genera are included, one for the early larval stages up to the initiation of notochord flexion and one for postflexion larvae. In the text, a summary of the literature and definitive characters is followed by the descriptive accounts of the species. Each species account contains a literature summary. description, set of illustrations, and information on distribution and abundance.
Influence of flower type, position in the cluster and spur characteristics on fruit set and growth of apple cultivars

Summary Flower and spur characteristics as well as flower position in the cluster were related to fruit set, size, shape and growth of a range of apple cultivars in New Zealand, Maine and Ohio. ‘Jonagold’ and `Royal Gala’ had more flowers per cluster than ‘Red Chief Delicious’ at all locations. Flower pedicel length and dry weight as well as flower dry weight were positively related to harvest fruit weight. King (K) and lateral (L) pedicel length and dry weight were positively correlated with fruit set in New Zealand, but not in Maine and Ohio. Spur leaf area, leaf size and bourse leaf area were related to fruit set in New Zealand and Ohio, but not in Maine. Although not significant at all locations, ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Royal Gala’ had large and ‘Red Chief Delicious’ small spur and bourse leaf areas, compared to other cultivars. Bourse leaf areas in New Zealand for all cultivars tended to be larger than Maine and Ohio. Rootstock had no influence on performance of the different positions in the flower cluster. Of the cultivars common to all sites, New Zealand had larger fruit size than Ohio and Maine, respectively ‘Jonagold’ 25% and 25%; ‘Red Chief Delicious’ 28% and 12%; and ‘Royal Gala’ 25% and 10%. Of all the cultivars tested, only ‘Royal Gala’ in New Zealand had larger K than L fruit and in New Zealand, L fruit were larger than the K in ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Jonagold’. Thus, when flower clusters are thinned to single buds at pink, K dominance was not evident.
Morphological variation between seedling progenies of Viminaria juncea (Schrad. & Wendl.) Hoffmans. (Fabaceae) and its physiological significance

Seed of Viminaria juncea was collected from single plants in a range of habitats throughout SW. Australia and the resulting seedling progenies grown in sand culture in a glasshouse. Each set of seedlings displayed highly uniform shoot morphology regardless of growth conditions, but differed markedly from other progenies in branching habit and timing of the transition from juvenile spathulate and trifoliolate leaves to adult phyllodineous foliage. Root flooding inhibited growth of progenies of squat phyllodineous habit more than tall leafy types. Seedling growth responded linearly to increased phosphate supply (0.6-16.0 mg P/I). Percentage plant dry weight as nodules increased 2-3-fold with increasing phosphate but proportional mass as cluster (proteoid) roots declined sharply. Statistically significant differences between progenies in nodulation and cluster root production were evident in certain phosphate treatments. Extreme early phyllodineous and prolonged leafy morphotypes were selected from a mixed population of seedlings (parent seed pooled from 70 habitats) and their growth and water use recorded under continuous root flooding, mesic, or drought-simulating conditions. Leafy morphotypes outgrew phyllodineous counterparts in flooded or mesic conditions, but shed their leaflets when droughted and thereafter behaved as phyllodineous morphotypes. Water-use efficiencies were similar between morphotypes and treatments (range 2.58-2.74 g dry matter gain/l water used), except for flooded phyllodineous seedlings for which 2.16 g/l was recorded. The genecological significance of the data is discussed.
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COVID-19

Abstract This analysis extrapolates information from previous studies and experiences to bring physical medicine and rehabilitation perspective and intervention to the multidisciplinary treatment of COVID-19. The purpose of pulmonary rehabilitation in COVID-19 patients is to improve symptoms of dyspnea, relieve anxiety, reduce complications, minimize disability, preserve function, and improve quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation during the acute management of COVID-19 should be considered when possible and safe and may include nutrition, airway, posture, clearance technique, oxygen supplementation, breathing exercises, stretching, manual therapy, and physical activity. Given the possibility of long-term disability, outpatient posthospitalization pulmonary rehabilitation may be considered in all patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Currarino Syndrome

Objectives Currarino syndrome (CS) is a congenital disorder that consists of a triad of anomalies: presacral mass, sacral dysgenesis, and anorectal malformations. Few cases of CS with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have been reported. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence and characteristics of NET in patients with CS. Methods Mayo Clinic electronic medical records were searched for patients with CS. Data on demographics, CS diagnosis, family history, genetic testing, and NET diagnosis were extracted. Results A total of 26 patients with CS were identified with 3 (11.5%) of them having an additional diagnosis of NET. Three patients had a family history of NET (11.53%), and 7 patients had a family history of CS (26.9%). Of the 3 NET/CS patients, 2 had a confirmed primary NET from the presacral mass, with the third patient demonstrating focal uptake on the somatostatin receptor imaging within the presacral. Two patients received octreotide, followed by peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. The other patient was not treated because of complete resection of presacral mass and is currently undergoing surveillance scans. Conclusions In our patients with CS, the prevalence of NET is 11.53%. The coexistence of 2 rare conditions, CS and presacral NET, suggests that there may be an etiological connection.
Depression Before and After a Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate depression in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients before and after a cancer diagnosis using a US-based healthcare database. We also sought to study the impact of treatment of depression in PC patients on all-cause mortality. Methods Pancreatic cancer patients with comorbid depression in Explorys (1999–2019) were compared with controls using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Rates of depression diagnosed within 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years before and after a PC diagnosis were recorded. Patients who developed depression after a PC diagnosis were further categorized into those treated for depression using mental health professionals (MHPs), pharmacologic treatment, or both (2015–2019). Results Of the 62,450 PC patients, 10,220 (16.4%) were diagnosed with depression before PC and 8130 (13%) were diagnosed with depression after PC. Patients diagnosed with depression after PC had a significantly higher all-cause mortality than patients with PC alone (P < 0.0001). Involvement of MHP significantly improved all-cause mortality (P = 0.0041). Conclusions Most post-PC depression is diagnosed in the first 6 months after a PC diagnosis. Although depression significantly increases PC mortality, integrating MHP in the care of PC patients with depression improves outcomes.
Prospective Analysis of the Impact of 68Ga-DOTATOC Positron Emission Tomography–Computerized Axial Tomography on Management of Pancreatic and Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors

Objectives A prospective clinical trial evaluated the effect of 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography–computerized axial tomography (PET-CT) on change in management of patients with lung, pancreatic, and small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. The primary eligibility criterion was a histologically proven tumor with positive somatostatin receptor subtype 2A immunohistochemistry. The primary and secondary end points were change in patient management and safety. Methods Referring physicians completed questionnaires pre– and post–68Ga-DOTATOC PET-CT, stating current and planned patient management, respectively, with tumor board adjudication of final management decisions. Change in management was categorized as follows: no change; minor change (additional imaging, supportive care); or major change (octreotide/lanreotide therapy, tumor biopsy, surgery, peptide receptor radiotherapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy, liver embolization). Results A major change in management was recommended for 54 (47.37%) of 114 subjects and a minor change for 6 (5.26%) of 114 subjects, with no change for 54 (47.37%) of 114 subjects. Grade 1 adverse events were observed in 26 of 114 subjects (nausea, headache, back pain, diarrhea); one grade 2 (petechiae) and one grade 3 (abdominal pain) adverse event were observed. No grade 2 or 3 adverse events were related to study drug and none required intervention. Conclusions Imaging with 68Ga-DOTATOC PET-CT has a significant impact on management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors.
Effect of Drought Stress on Clonal Growth of Pennisetum Centrasiaticum and Leymus Secalinus

This paper reports an effect of drought stress on clonal growth of Pennisetum centrasiaticum and Leymus secalinus planted in soil pails. Both the clonal growth of P. centrasiaticum and L. secalinus were inhibited by drought stress, but the internode length of the former was shorter than that of the latter. In biomass allocation, the underground proportion of P. centrasiaticum was larger than that of L. secalinus , and proportion of fibrous roots of the former was also larger than that of the latter. All these can be regarded as evidences that P. centrasiaticum is more adaptive to drought stress than L. secalinus .
Optimal activation methods for maximizing the concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and transforming growth factor-β1 in equine platelet-rich plasma

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has been widely applied in various medical fields including humans and horses. This study aimed to establish an optimal activation method to stably and reproducibly maximize the concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) contained in equine PRP. Autologous PRP was prepared from 11 Thoroughbreds. For the activation test, PRP was activated by either a single freeze-thaw cycle (Fr) or adding calcium and autologous serum containing thrombin (Ca). PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations in Fr, Ca, nonactivated (No), and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) samples were determined using ELISA and compared. For repetitive freeze-thaw test, PRP was subjected to single (Fr1), double (Fr2), triple (Fr3), or quadruple (Fr4) freeze-thaw cycles and the concentrations of both growth factors in samples were compared similarly. The PDGF-BB concentration in Ca was significantly higher than that in other preparations. The TGF-β1 concentrations in Fr and Ca were significantly higher than those in PPP and No, with no significant differences between Fr and Ca. The concentrations of both factors were significantly increased in PRP treated with multiple cycles of freeze-thaw compared with that in PRP treated with a single cycle. No significant differences were noted among Fr2, Fr3, and Fr4. Our findings suggest that activation by adding calcium and autologous serum is optimal for instant use of PRP and that double freeze-thawing is an easier and optimal activation method for cryopreserved PRP.
Dental Age, Agenesis, and Morphology in Patients With Operated Single-Suture Craniosynostoses

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental age, agenesis, and morphology of children with surgically operated single-suture craniosynostoses from orthopantomographs. Design: A single-centered cross-sectional observational archival study. Patients: A sample of 196 Finnish patients with single-suture craniosynostosis without additional birth defects or syndromes (excluding Muenke syndrome) was included in this study. Main Outcome Measures: Dental age was assessed using the method developed by Demirjian et al. and modified by Nyström et al. for the Finnish population. Methods described by Tulensalo et al. and Oehlers et al. were used to study taurodontism and dens invaginatus, respectively. Results: The study sample of 149 patients was divided into 3 groups: patients with sagittal synostosis (n = 103), coronal synostosis (n = 25), and metopic synostosis (n = 21). Orthopantomographs taken on average at ages 8.20 to 8.33 were used. The dental ages in different groups were on average 0.37, 0.60, and 0.66 years ahead of normative values, for sagittal, coronal, and metopic groups, respectively. Tooth agenesis, taurodontism, and invaginated teeth were found in all groups with invaginations having a high prevalence. Peg-shaped upper lateral incisors and one geminated lower lateral incisor were also found. Conclusions: These descriptive data may help improve dental care in patients with single-suture craniosynostosis.
Comparison of Some Characterizations of Recovered from Soil and Newly Fermented Entomopathogenic Nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae have considerable potential as biological control agents of soil-inhabiting insect pests. One of the most important factors for sustainable biological control is their successful establishment in the soil, infectivity against pest insects, reproductive potential and persistence in released areas. To determine the differences of infectivity, reproductive potential and persistence between recovered from the field one year after release and newly fermented (one-week-old) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in a bioreactor, the two type populations of H. bacteriophora were compared each other on these capabilities. Prior to study, the fermented nematodes were reproduced once in Galleria mellonella larvae in order to achieve equal conditions with recovered populations. The results showed that infectivity and reproduction potentials of recovered populations were significantly higher than newly fermented or laboratory populations of the nematode. However, differences of persistence of both populations were not significant. This is the first report that quality control of some biological abilities of H. bacteriophora after one year in field.
Review of eastern Asian species of the mysid genus Rhopalophthalmus Illig, 1906 (Crustacea, Mysida) with descriptions of three new species

Mysid crustaceans of the genus Rhopalophthalmus Illig, 1906 (Crustacea: Mysida) are distributed in the eastern Atlantic through the Indo-West Pacific. In this paper, species of Rhopalophthalmus recorded from eastern Asian waters are reviewed on the basis of materials collected from south-eastern Asia to Japanese water. The taxonomic analysis led to the recognition of six species from the region, including three new species. Rhopalophthalmus phyllodus Murano, 1988 was regarded as a junior synonym of R. egregius Hansen, 1910. The identity of R. macropsis Pillai, 1964 has been controversial, and in this study, we recognised it as valid. However, specimens with remarkably stout and few spinose setae on the telson, often reported as either R. macropsis or R. longipes Ii, 1964 were determined to be a new species, R. armiger. In addition, two new species, R. hastatus and R. philippinensis, were reported from south-eastern Asian waters. A key to the 25 currently recognised world species is provided.
Case Report: Coronavirus Disease and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Report of Two Cases

Abstract. Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2/Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in patients with HIV/AIDS has not been previously reported. Here, we present two cases of coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and MTB in patients with HIV. The first case is a 39-year-old patient who was admitted with a 7-day history of fever, myalgia, headache, and cough. The second patient is a 43-year-old man who had a 1-month history of cough with hemoptoic sputum, evolving to mild respiratory distress in the last 7 days. Both patients already had pulmonary tuberculosis and subsequently developed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 2020 pandemic. Nonadherence to antiretroviral treatment may have been a factor in the clinical worsening of the patients.
Somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful Temporomandibular joint clicking.

BACKGROUND Determining the somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clicking can help to understand the pain mechanisms in cases of TMJ clicking. OBJECTIVE To characterize the somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful TMJ clicking when compared to patients with painless TMJ clicking and healthy control group. METHODS Somatosensory and psychosocial functions were assessed in 90 individuals: patients with painful TMJ clicking (n=30); patients with painless TMJ clicking (n=30); and, healthy controls (n=30). Somatosensory profile included: mechanical pain threshold (MPT); wind-up ratio (WUR); pressure pain threshold (PPT); and, conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Psychosocial profile included some questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Pain Vigilance-Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ); Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS); Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK); Perceived Stress (PSS); and, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All variables were compared among all groups. RESULTS Higher values of MPT and WUR; lower PPT; less efficient CPM; and higher scores of PSQI, PVAQ, PCS, and TSK were found in patients with painful TMJ clicking when compared to the other two groups (p<0.001). Patients with painless TMJ clicking showed lower PPT and higher scores of PVAQ and TKS than the healthy control group. PSS and STAI data had no differences. CONCLUSION Patients with painful TMJ clicking had abnormalities in the somatosensory profile, with a significant somatosensory gain of function (more sensitive) to mechanical pain tests and less efficient CPM. Poor sleep quality along with higher levels of hypervigilance, pain catastrophizing, and kinesiophobia were features of psychosocial profile of these patients.
The Polymorphism of Nuclear DNA of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum from Different Areas in Our Country

The RAPD was used to analyze the polymorphism of 12 isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from different areas in our country.9 primers which are 10 nucleotides long were used to amplify the DNA of 12 isolates,the total numbers of amplification fragments were 88,polymorphism DNA fragments in different isolates occupied 89%. The polymorphism DNA were cluster analyzed by SPSS 10.0,the results were that the isolates could be divided into 5 groups under the distance of 15.among them,isolates 12 and 7 had the longest distance with other isolates.
Assessing the prevalence and severity of smartphone addiction in postsecondary students: a brief report

Abstract Objective: To explore the prevalence and severity of smartphone addiction among a sample of Canadian university students. Participants: A sample of 925 full-time university students enrolled at the host institution were recruited. Participants were primarily undergraduates (70.2%), women (77.1%), and owned an Apple smartphone (70.3%). Methods: Participants completed an online questionnaire including a modified version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) and demographics (i.e., degree pursing, gender, type of phone, faculty). Descriptive statistics for SAS sum score were calculated. Univariate ANOVAs were performed to explore differences in smartphone addiction among demographics. Results: Mean SAS sum score was 92.00 (i.e., “moderate” addiction level), 95% CI [90.52, 93.49]. Significant ANOVAs were found for degree, phone type, and faculty. Post-hoc tests revealed undergraduates and Apple users reported significantly higher smartphone addiction. Conclusions: The prevalence and severity of smartphone addiction among Canadian university students represents a budding health concern for postsecondary students.
Infection with Helicobacter pylori affects all major secretory cell populations in the human antrum

We have investigated how gastric H. pylori infection affects antrum secretory cell types by studying the expression of secretory proteins in antrum epithelium. Antrum biopsy specimens were prospectively collected from 102 individuals (49 H. pylori-infected). Immunohistochemistry was performed for secretory mucins (MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6), Trefoil factor family (TFF)-peptides (TFF1, TF-F2), endocrine peptides (gastrin, chromogranin A), and proliferating cells (Ki-67). Protein expression was quant-ified morphometrically. H. pylori infection was significantly correlated to mucosal inflammation and to epithelial atrophy and proliferation. In H. pylori-infected patients the number of proliferating cells increased significantly, and the zone of proliferating cells shifted toward the surface epithelium of the antral glands. Infection was correlated with decreased MUC5AC, TFF1, and TFF2 expression and increased MUC6 and MUC5B expression. Endocrine cells expressing chromagranin A and gastrin shifted toward the surface epithelium of the antral glands in H. pylori-infected patients. H. pylori infection and concomitant inflammation induced increased epithelial proliferation and triggered coordinate deregulation of secretory cell populations in the antrum. In particular, infection led to a coordinated increase in cells expressing MUC6 and MUC5B at the expense of MUC5AC-producing cells.