Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrical characteristics of various contact contaminations

Contact reliability may be endangered by various types of contact contaminations as particles, corrosion products, polymers or carbon deposits. Often information about the type of contamination may be gained by easily applicable measurements of current and contact voltage only: i.e., contact resistance measurements after each operation of a routine life test (employing increasing voltage and current), and voltage oscillograms across opening contacts. >
God’s plan? The role of emotional repression in forming and sustaining religious beliefs

The motivational account of religion—that belief fulfills a psychological need—has been both historically popular and empirically supported. It is also potentially informative about religious interpretations of negative events (e.g., that they are part of God’s benevolent plan). Yet, it is not clear what cognitive mechanism(s) might link negative events to religious belief, and what motivates belief in gods that cause these events. We proposed that a repressive coping style is an important factor because it involves an interpretive bias that both downplays threat and also emphasizes benefits afforded by ambivalent stimuli (including god concepts), potentially facilitating the construction of supernatural concepts that are positive and relevant enough to attract and sustain belief. In the current research, across three studies, we found that repressors were more likely to be religious, and more likely to interpret familiar, unfamiliar, and experimenter-created gods positively. Repression partially explained the positive views of gods held by religious individuals, and this relationship strengthened when distressing events were associated with gods, suggesting that repression helps to sustain belief. Furthermore, the relationship between repression and belief in familiar and unfamiliar gods was partially explained by god positivity, supporting a motivated reasoning account of belief formation. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 31 December 2020 Accepted 18 August 2021
RF and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Shelled, Yellow-Dent Field Corn

ABSTRACT THE dielectric properties of shelled corn were measured at frequencies of 20 MHz, 300 MHz, and 2.45 GHz as the corn dried from moisture contents as high as 40 percent to a low of about 10 percent. The dielectric constant was the most reliable dielectric property to use as an indicator of moisture content. Variability of the dielectric constant among 21 lots of corn was about the same at all three frequencies. Data are presented graphically showing the dependence of the dielectric pro-perties on moisture content, frequency, bulk density, and temperature. The dielectric constant increases with moisture content, bulk density, and temperature and decreases with frequency. The thermal coefficients and bulk density coefficients for the dielectric constant in-crease in magnitude with moisture content. Relation-ships are also shown between bulk and kernel densities and moisture content. Equations are presented for estimating the dielectric constant of shelled, yellow-dent field corn as a function of moisture content, bulk densi-ty, and temperature.
DESIGN OF CIRCULAR THIN-WALLED CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBES

In this paper several design methods have been developed that can be used to conservatively estimate the strength of circular thin-walled concrete filled steel tubes under different loading conditions. The loading conditions examined include axial loading of the steel only, axial loading of the concrete only, and simultaneous loading of the concrete and steel both axially and at small eccentricities. Recent tests on circular concrete filled steel tubes have been used to calibrate and validate the proposed design methods. The test specimens were short with a length-to-diameter ratio of 3.5 and a diameter thickness ratio between 60 and 220. The internal concrete had nominal unconfined cylinder strengths of 50, 80, and 120 MPa. The bond (or lack of) between the steel and internal concrete was critical in determining the formation of a local buckle.
Linking energy behaviour, attitude and habits with environmental predisposition and knowledge

The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the findings of an empirical study that compares individuals' environmental predisposition and knowledge with their energy behaviour, attitude and habits. Additionally, the study attempts to correlate education level and household income with the above variables. The statistical analysis reveals significant correlations between environmental predisposition and knowledge and elements of individuals' energy attitudes, habits and behaviour. An unanticipated outcome from the principal component analysis was that household income, and to a lesser extent gender, is associated with energy-saving habits and behaviours. On further investigation, household income was found to be correlated with knowledge of greenhouse gas emissions and the number of laptops and electric showers owned per household. The study sample comprises 68 employees of an educational institution, which was selected as the first phase of research aiming to compare energy-saving behaviour at home and in the workplace.
Comparative study of the effect of salt stress, Alternaria alternata attack or combined stress on the Cakile maritima growth and physiological performance

Cakile maritima is a halophytic plant model that is well known by its ability to tolerate high salt concentrations. Salinity was reported to improve the tolerance of halophytes to several abiotic stresses; however, the involvement of salt in the tolerance to biotic stress is still scant. In the present work, the effect of salt on C. maritima responses towards the pathogenic Alternaria alternata was investigated. For that, C. maritima seeds were germinated for four weeks. Plants were then divided into four groups: i) Plants irrigated with salt (200mM NaCl); ii) Plants infested by fungus; iii) Plants irrigated with salt and infested by fungus and finally control plants (0mM NaCl, without inoculation). Our results showed that upon salt stress or fungal attack, plants reduced biomass production, hydration status and photosynthetic performance which were associated with a decrease in the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, with a more pronounced effect upon fungal attack. However, under combined stress, a significant increase of these parameters was noticed, with a level close to that of control. Concerning nutrient contents, K, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mg decreased in the C. maritima leaves exposed to both stresses applied individually. In contrast, all these nutrients were increased in plants grown under combined stress. Taken together, we can conclude that plants grown under combined stresses had better growth rate and physiological performance compared to all other treated plants, and that salt may be the key in improving the C. maritima ability to tolerate fungal attack.
Seismic Water Pressure in Cracked Concrete Gravity Dams: Experimental Study and Theoretical Modeling

Water pressure variations along concrete cracks with moving walls are investigated experimentally and theoretically. Displacement control tests were conducted to measure water pressure on 0.4 m long concrete cracks during harmonic motion of crack walls. The effects of key parameters including frequency of excitation, minimum and amplitude of crack mouth opening displacement, and initial static uplift pressure on the magnitude of developed pressure is also studied. The experimental results show the possibility of cavitation in a new or existing crack opening mode. A theoretical dynamic water–crack interaction model is developed, considering the effect of cavitation phenomenon, to compute water pressure in cracks as a function of crack wall motion history, crack length, crack roughness, and crack mouth pressure. The validity of the developed method is verified by the test results and it is used to study the pressure variations in longer cracks likely to develop in the concrete gravity dams. The computed upl.
Integrated Management Solution for a Sustainable SME—Selection Proposal Using AHP

In the conditions of the pandemic crisis, implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system with a sustainability component represents a crucial investment for a small and medium enterprise (SME) but critical for the organization, if it is not the matching solution. A comprehensive framework for selecting the S–ERP system was elaborated, including a set of relevant criteria for an SME to draw and assess the selection of an ERP system, considering that the factors extracted as well as the importance in the proposed model have been debated for years in the available literature. A methodology based on the brainstorming and questionnaire techniques was proposed in establishing the selection criteria, and the AHP decision analysis method was used for evaluating the weight of the criteria, all these in order to provide a model for ERP selection. This model was tested on a set of numerical, hypothetical, and applied data of the Romanian context. The use of the recommended model shows that it can be applied to improve decisions and decrease the time interval required for S–ERP selection. The results also show that AHP can fulfill the S–ERP selection objective for SMEs and the decisive factors that affect decision–making processes in a systematic way.
Effects of Chemical Protective Clothing on Task Performance Using Wearable Input Devices

Wearable computers allow users the freedom to work in any environment including those that may require protective clothing. Past research has shown that protective clothing impedes performance on manual dexterity tasks. Little information exists, however, regarding how protective clothing affects task performance with wearable input devices. To facilitate future development of wearable input devices, a study was conducted to determine the effects of glove thickness and respirator use on task performance and user preference. Sixteen male participants used both a wearable mouse and touch pad to enter text. Task completion times were 9% slower when participants wore 25-mil versus 7-mil protective gloves, suggesting that thin protective gloves (i.e. 7-mil and 14-mil) are more suitable than thicker gloves when using wearable input devices. Respirator use did not affect task performance. Subjective ratings of difficulty, confidence, and preference provided strong support for the use of a touch pad device rather than a mouse.
Machine Learning-Based Condition Monitoring for PV Systems: State of the Art and Future Prospects

To ensure the continuity of electric power generation for photovoltaic systems, condition monitoring frameworks are subject to major enhancements. The continuous uniform delivery of electric power depends entirely on a well-designed condition maintenance program. A just-in-time task to deal with several naturally occurring faults can be correctly undertaken via the cooperation of effective detection, diagnosis, and prognostic analyses. Therefore, the present review first outlines different failure modes to which all photovoltaic systems are subjected, in addition to the essential integrated detection methods and technologies. Then, data-driven paradigms, and their contribution to solving this prediction problem, are also explored. Accordingly, this review primarily investigates the different learning architectures used (i.e., ordinary, hybrid, and ensemble) in relation to their learning frameworks (i.e., traditional and deep learning). It also discusses the extension of machine learning to knowledge-driven approaches, including generative models such as adversarial networks and transfer learning. Finally, this review provides insights into different works to highlight various operating conditions and different numbers and types of failures, and provides links to some publicly available datasets in the field. The clear organization of the abundant information on this subject may result in rigorous guidelines for the trends adopted in the future.
mothers' knowledge and practice regarding bronchial asthma among pre-school children

Background Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease among children. It develops in childhood before age five years that impacts morbidity and mortality rates among children as well as their quality of life. Consequently, it is important to address mothers' awareness of the management and prevention of bronchial asthma attack among their children. The aim of this study is to assess mothers' knowledge and practice regarding bronchial asthma among pre-school age children. Methodology: A cross sectional study design was carried out on 383 mothers in selected family health centers and primary health care units at Mansoura districts. Four tools were developed by the researcher for collecting the data of this study as the following: socio-demographic and economic characteristics of mothers and their children, Structured interview questionnaire to assess knowledge, and subjective practice of mothers regarding bronchial asthma. Results: The study revealed that mothers had moderate level of knowledge about bronchial asthma in addition most of the studied mothers had improper practices regarding to prevention of bronchial asthma attack. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve mothers' knowledge and practice regarding bronchial asthma. Finally, the researcher recommended that a continuous health education program regarding bronchial asthma for mothers.
Factoring in the human factor: experimental evidence on how public managers make sense of performance information

Abstract We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 902 public hospital department heads to investigate whether and how their perceived understanding and objective recall of performance information may depend on the way it is presented, specifically, the features of its graphical representation. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three alternative graphical displays of the same data, namely a target, a radar, or a pathway chart. We then measured both subjects’ perceived understanding—i.e., how clear and understandable they found the performance metrics—and their actual information recall—as assessed by an objective test. Our analyses demonstrate that alternative visual representations of equivalent data may cause significant differences in public managers’ ability to make sense of performance information. In the context of our experimental test, the pathway chart outperformed the other two in both perceived understanding and objective information recall, which suggests that public managers may have a good sense of which graphic information formats work best for them. We discuss how our findings can contribute to the advancement of behavioral public performance research.
Study on the Temporal and Spatial Differentiation of Provincial Tourism Efficiency in Eastern China and Influencing Factors

Tourism efficiency can be used to effectively measure the utilization of regional tourism resources and the state of tourism economic development. Based on the super efficiency DEA model, Malmquist index, and spatial econometric model, this article measures the static and dynamic tourism efficiency of 11 provinces and cities in eastern China for 2010 to 2019. In combining ArcGIS 10.0 and MATLAB 2016b software, this article studies the temporal and spatial differentiation of tourism efficiency in eastern provinces and cities and influencing factors. The results show that (1) the overall tourism efficiency of eastern provinces is at a high level and relatively stable, but the regional distribution is quite varied, and problems of spatial imbalance are prominent; (2) the overall tourism efficiency of eastern provinces is increasing, and the change index of technical efficiency contributes the most, followed by the change index of scale efficiency; and (3) industrial status, traffic conditions, tourism resource endowment, and the labour force are the main factors affecting the temporal and spatial differentiation of tourism efficiency in eastern provinces and cities, while the level of economic development and information technology have no significant impact.
What Drives the Eco-Friendly Tourist Destination Choice? The Indian Perspective

Although eco-friendly (pro-environmental) behaviour in tourism has attracted interest among practitioners and scholars, little is known about the influence of these attitudes on the choice of eco-friendly destinations, especially in the context of emerging tourist markets such as India. Thus, this article aims to verify a model of the relationships between attitudes towards the environment and eco-friendly tourism, social and personal norms regarding environmentally responsible behaviour, perceived behavioural control, behavioural intentions regarding eco-friendly destinations and the willingness to pay for such trips using the theory of planned behaviour. The study used an online survey conducted with 598 Indians. The relationships between the variables were analysed using PLS-PM. The most important results indicated that (1) there are significant relationships between the attitude towards the environment, the attitude towards an eco-friendly destination, social and personal norms and behavioural control and intentions regarding travelling to eco-destinations and (2) well-educated young Indian consumers expressed a positive attitude towards eco-friendly destinations; however, there was only a very weak relationship between this attitude and willingness to pay more for trips to them. These findings are valuable for pro-environmental planning and the growing green market/economy, as well as for the discussion on the future of pro-environmental tourism development.
‘I Do Not Appear to Have had Previous Letters’. The Potential and Pitfalls of Using a Qualitative Correspondence Method to Facilitate Insights Into Life in Prison During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown represents a significant challenge for qualitative researchers due to social distancing measures restricting face-to-face data collection. At the time of ethical approval (early April 2020), all face-to-face research projects facilitated by the Scottish Prison Service and most prison jurisdictions were paused. In response to these methodological challenges, a participatory action correspondence methodology was designed in order for people in custody to influence the direction of this project by suggesting research questions and themes. This article analyses the potential of this approach, what this illuminated and critically engages with the challenges of implementing this qualitative methodology. Eight participants were selected due to previous participation in a Participatory Action Research project at one Scottish prison. After consent was given via post, eight letters were sent to the participants. This paper analyses the questions relating to, and aspects of Covid-19 that were important to the participants, in the hope that these insights will influence other qualitative research on the impacts of Covid-19 within prison settings. Methodologically and theoretically, this paper illustrates the potential and challenges relating to using a qualitative correspondence method to facilitate unique insights into life in custody during what emerges as a particularly challenging time in prison settings. More widely the paper reiterates and restates the importance of qualitative research methods as methods that provide unique and rich insights into the Covid-19 pandemic.
“They Aim for Me” versus “Under the Radar:” Understanding Women’s Experiences in the Oregon Criminal Legal System through an Intersectional Lens

ABSTRACT This article draws on intersectional criminology to explore how privilege and marginalization shape women’s experiences in the criminal legal system. Utilizing a phenomenological feminist approach, the findings from this study were derived from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 19 women under community supervision in Oregon. Using thematic analysis, we developed three themes: experienced racism and privilege, police profiling, and differential sentencing outcomes. The findings highlight gendered racism experienced by BIWOC and gendered racial privilege experienced by White women. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed.
Self-regulation predicts companionship in children with autism

Abstract Self-regulation is associated with many positive outcomes in children with and without autism, including increased mental health and academic achievement, and decreased problem behavior. Less is known regarding whether and how self-regulation and symptoms of mental health challenges (internalizing and externalizing problems) relate to social outcomes, such as friendship quality and loneliness. Parents and teachers of 106 children with autism aged 5–12 reported on children’s self-regulation difficulties and externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Four-to-five months later, children reported on the quality of their friendship with their best friend (companionship, conflict, helpfulness, sense of relationship security, closeness), and their feelings of loneliness. Linear regression was used to examine the effects of self-regulation and symptoms of mental health challenges on friendship quality and loneliness. Less self-regulation difficulties predicted stronger companionship and girls had better quality friendships with their best friend than did boys, in terms of companionship, helpfulness, security and closeness, confirming that they have a protective advantage in friendship development. Autism symptoms, IQ, and age were not associated with friendship quality or loneliness. Results highlight the importance of self-regulation and mental health interventions for school-aged children with autism.
Application of Educational Data Mining Approach for Student Academic Performance Prediction Using Progressive Temporal Data

Educators in higher education institutes often use statistical results obtained from their online Learning Management System (LMS) dataset, which has limitations, to evaluate student academic performance. This study differs from the current body of literature by including an additional dataset that advances the knowledge about factors affecting student academic performance. The key aims of this study are fourfold. First, is to fill the educational literature gap by applying machine learning techniques in educational data mining, making use of the Internet usage behaviour log files and LMS data. Second, LMS data and Internet usage log files were analysed with machine learning techniques for predicting at-risk-of-failure students, with greater explanation added by combining student demographic data. Third, the demographic features help to explain the prediction in understandable terms for educators. Fourth, the study used a range of Internet usage data, which were categorized according to type of usage data and type of web browsing data to increase prediction accuracy.
Discharge structure and dielectric strength of long oil gaps in the presence of an insulating barrier

This work is devoted to the influence of insulating barriers on the trajectory of the discharge structure, the breakdown voltage and the time lag to breakdown in a point-plane electrode arrangement for long oil gaps. It is shown that the barrier parameters (nature, dimensions and position) play a significant role in the improvement of the dielectric strength of the system. It was observed that the discharge goes from the point electrode to the barrier edge and then from this edge to the plane electrode. The discharge trajectory between the point and the edge of the barrier can be direct (the shorter distance) or tortuous. The presence of the barrier elongates the discharge length. In results, the time lag to breakdown and the breakdown voltage will be increased. The breakdown voltage of a given gap length in presence of an insulating barrier is roughly equal to that of a gap without barrier the length of which is equal to the sum of the distance from the point electrode to the edge of the barrier and from the edge of the barrier to the electrode plane.