Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of watershed storage trends over the eastern and upper Midwestern regions of the United States, 2003–2015

Basin‐scale groundwater storage trends calculated from long‐term streamflow records provide insight into the evolution of watershed behaviors. Our study presents the first spatially relevant validation of recession‐based trend approaches by comparing three independent storage trend estimates using GRACE‐derived groundwater storage, in situ groundwater elevation observations, and recession‐based approaches for the time period of 2003–2015. Results documented consistent agreement between spatially interpolated groundwater observation trends and recession‐based storage trends, while GRACE‐derived groundwater trends were found to exhibit variable, poor comparisons. A decreasing trend in watershed storage was identified in the southeastern U.S. while increasing trends were identified in the northeast and upper Midwest estimated from recession‐based approaches. Our recession‐based approach conducted using nested watershed streamflow records identified variable watershed storage trends at scales directly applicable for comparative hydrology studies and for assisting in watershed‐based water resources management decisions.
A bio-economic analysis for land-uses and biodiversity in metropolitan France

Dealing with the erosion of terrestrial biodiversity has become of key importance in order to ensure ecosystems sustainability. Agricultural and forestry activities are one major anthropogenic driver of this decline. The underlying land-use changes result in the alteration of species habitats. Current agricultural and forestry public policies exhibit drawbacks in terms of biodiversity conservation. Reconciling economic and ecological objectives of such public policies thus remains an ongoing critical challenge. In that respect, this paper presents the impacts of contrasted public policy scenarios within a dynamic and spatialized bio-economic framework applied to metropolitan France. We assessed ecological performances through 5 indicators accounting for various structural and functional components of the biodiversity while economic performances refer to land-use incomes. We demonstrate that long-term synergies between ecological and economic performances can emerge, especially within extensive-farming scenarios. Our results underline the necessary adaptation of land-use public policies by taking into account the biodiversity component being supported. We advocate the use of biodiversity indicators into the public decision-making process.
Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecince Üniversitelerin Uzaktan Eğitim Kapasiteleri

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim kapasitelerinin belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada öğrenci büyüklüklerine göre 20’si devlet üniversitesi 10’u vakıf üniversitesi olarak toplamda 30 üniversitenin uzaktan eğitim kapasiteleri, insan kaynakları, yazılım ve donanım altyapıları, bütçeleri ve gelecek projeksiyonları inceledi. Çalışmada veriler, çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen ‘Uzaktan Eğitim Kapasitesi Değerlendirme Formu’ kullanılarak elde edildi. Sonuçlar Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitimde insan kaynakları, donanım ve yazılım alt yapıları ve kapasiteleri, içerik üretim kapasiteleri, sınav alt yapıları ve kapasiteleri ve bütçeleri açısından düşük ve yetersiz olduğu gösterdi. Ek olarak üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim merkezlerinin yeterlilikleri üniversite türü, büyüklüğü ve yaşı açısından anlamlı olarak farklılaşmadığı görüldü.
Regional Flood Frequency Analysis Using Spatial Proximity and Basin Characteristics

Abstract Despite wide use of regression-based regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) methods, the majority are based on either ordinary least squares (OLS) or generalized least squares (GLS). This paper proposes ‘spatial proximity’ based RFFA methods using the spatial lagged model (SLM) and spatial error model (SEM). The proposed methods are represented by two frameworks: the quantile regression technique (QRT) and parameter regression technique (PRT). The QRT develops prediction equations for flooding quantiles in average recurrence intervals (ARIs) of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 100 years whereas the PRT provides prediction of three parameters for the selected distribution. The proposed methods are tested using data incorporating 30 basin characteristics from 237 basins in Northeastern United States. Results show that generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution properly represents flood frequencies in the study gages. Also, basin area, stream network, and precipitation seasonality are found to be the most effective explanatory variables in prediction modeling by the QRT and PRT. ‘Spatial proximity’ based RFFA methods provide reliable flood quantile estimates compared to simpler methods. Compared to the QRT, the PRT may be recommended due to its accuracy and computational simplicity. The results presented in this paper may serve as one possible guidepost for hydrologists interested in flood analysis at ungaged sites.
Bearing capacity of non-associative coaxial granular materials by upper bound limit analysis and finite elements

ABSTRACT In this paper, an upper bound estimate of the limit load on non-associative coaxial granular materials is presented. The kinematic approach of the upper bound limit analysis has been utilised. The failure mechanism is assumed to coincide with the direction of the shear bands at every point throughout the body. The shear band orientation in non-associative coaxial materials, i.e. those with the same major principal stress and major principal strain increment directions, can be found based on the angle of dilation and the major principal stress direction. Therefore, having known the stress field at limiting equilibrium, the orientation of the shear bands and hence, the failure mechanism can be obtained. In this study, the stress field is first determined by the method of stress characteristics. Then, the finite element interpolation technique is used to interpolate the stress field and to find the orientation of the shear bands at every point within the field. Once the failure mechanism and the stress state at every point along velocity discontinuities have been found, the upper bound limit analysis has been performed to estimate the limit load.
Weichselian phases and ice dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in Northeast Germany

This thesis presents new geochronological and geomorphological data concerning Weichselian ice dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet for the northeast German lowland area. The largest Weichselian ice extent in Brandenburg (Brandenburg phase) occurred in the late marine isotope stage 3. The global Last Glacial Maximum is represented by the Pomeranian ice marginal position in Brandenburg ( ∼ 20 ka). Therefore, a 2-fold Last Glacial Maximum in Brandenburg, as previously proposed by Lüthgens and Böse (2011), is confirmed. For the first time, we determined optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of glaciofluvial deposits associated with the Weichselian Frankfurt phase at a site in Ladeburg (central Brandenburg; Fig. 1). Furthermore, we report new OSL ages of glaciofluvial deposits from the lignite mine Jänschwalde (southern Brandenburg), a key site regarding the Weichselian maximum extent during the Brandenburg phase. In combination with cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure ages of glacigenic boulders, which were collected from literature and recalibrated with an updated 10Be production rate, a consistent process-based model of the Weichselian ice dynamics in Brandenburg was developed (Fig. 1). The ice advance of the Brandenburg phase was dated to 34.1 ± 4.6 ka. For the formation of the Brandenburg ice marginal position, a mean age of 30 ± 4 ka was determined at Jänschwalde. The succeeding meltdown during the so-called Frankfurt phase was dated to 26.3 ± 3.7 ka at Ladeburg. The subsequent landscape stabilization phase started at around 24 ± 2 ka in central Brandenburg, which was deduced by recalibrated exposure ages of glacigenic boulders (Hardt et al., 2016). These ages are corroborated by other published OSL ages from the region (Fig. 1). The recalibration of previously published cosmogenic exposure ages from glacigenic boulders with an up-to-date 10Be production rate (Heyman, 2014) resulted in a considerable increase of the ages (9–15 %; Hardt and Böse, 2017). In combination, the OSL ages and the cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages now provide a consistent geochronology of the Weichselian ice dynamics in Brandenburg. The largest Weichselian ice extent during the late marine isotope stage 3 (Brandenburg phase) corresponds with the so-called Klintholm advance in Denmark (Houmark-Nielsen, 2010) and a possible ice advance in central Poland (Marks, 2012).
KRASG12C mutant lung adenocarcinoma: unique biology, novel therapies and new challenges

KRAS mutant lung cancer is the most prevalent molecular subclass of adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which is a heterogenous group depending on the mutation-type which affects not only the function of the oncogene but affects the biological behavior of the cancer as well. Furthermore, KRAS mutation affects radiation sensitivity but leads also to bevacizumab and bisphosphonate resistance as well. It was highly significant that allele specific irreversible inhibitors have been developed for the smoking associated G12C mutant KRAS (sotorasib and adagrasib). Based on trial data both sotorasib and adagrasib obtained conditional approval by FDA for the treatment of previously treated advanced LUAD. Similar to other target therapies, clinical administration of KRASG12C inhibitors (sotorasib and adagrasib) resulted in acquired resistance due to various genetic changes not only in KRAS but in other oncogenes as well. Recent clinical studies are aiming to increase the efficacy of G12C inhibitors by novel combination strategies.
Student Educational Resilience While Online Studying During the Covid-19 Period

Covid-19 has caused changes in education aspect so that it is forced to learn online. This condition has made the world of Education in shock that has caused stress on students who are conducting online learning when they don't have the resilience to help themselves. This research is aimed at identifying the extent of educational resilience of students when they are conducting online learning during covid-19 as well as comparing the extent of educational resilience of man and woman students. This research employed a descriptive comparative quantitative approach. 807 Junior high school and senior high school students in Bukittinggi West Sumatra province were the respondents in this study. The result of this research has shown that the extent of educational resilience of students in online study has been in the high category with 89.10% (score 51-150). The comparative T-Test have shown that there was no distinction inside the educational resilience level of male and female students with the sig. 2 tailed higher than 0.05.
Author ' s personal copy Short communication Dining in the dark . The importance of visual cues for food consumption and satiety

How important are visual cues for determining satiation? To find out, 64 participants were served lunch in a ‘‘dark’’ restaurant where they ate in complete darkness. Half the participants unknowingly received considerably larger ‘‘super-size’’ portions which subsequently led them to eat 36% more food. Despite this difference, participants’ appetite for dessert and their subjective satiety were largely unaffected by how much they had consumed. Consistent with expectations, participants were also less accurate in estimating their actual consumption quantity than a control group who ate the same meal in the light. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: benjamin.scheibehenne@unibas.ch (B. Scheibehenne), pmtodd@indiana.edu (P.M. Todd), wansink@cornell.edu (B. Wansink).
Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of Kawakawa Euthynnus affinis and Longtail Tuna Thunnus tonggol from Sarawak, Malaysia

Length-weight relationships (LWR) and condition factors (K) were determined for two neritic tuna species Euthynnus affinis and Thunnus tonggol, caught in Sarawak waters. Specimens were collected from five locations around Sarawak between 2016-2019. The r2 value of the LWR for each species re both close to 1 (>0.9), indicating a highly significant relationship attributed to the length and weight of the fish species . The K values are 1.94 and 1.97, and the values of b in the LW equation are 2.53 and 2.59 for E. affinis and T. tonggol, respectively. The b<3 values indicates negative allometric growth patterns, where the growth rate of body length is faster than the weight gain. These values fall within the published range of 2.50 to 3.50 for neritic tuna species in the region. The results of this study provide the basic life history parameters and the general condition of the two species, E. affinis and T. tonggol, useful for our tuna fish stock assessment efforts in Sarawak waters.
Association Between Orofacial Pain and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Abstract The prevalence of orofacial pain continues to increase. Additionally, the rising number has been accompanied by reduced quality of life of its sufferers. An assumed association between orofacial pain and anxiety has surfaced due to the results of several studies that show higher occurrence of anxiety in people experiencing orofacial pain, compared to those who are orofacial-pain-free. The aim of this systematic review was to discover past research on orofacial pain and its relationship to anxiety, and to understand the relationship between acute and chronic orofacial pain and anxiety. The current systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) rules. Study searches were carried out using three databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Article selection was carried out in several stages and was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and continued by assessing the methodological quality and risk of bias of each article. The risk of bias was analyzed by using the critical review tool for cross-sectional studies from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The selection process led to a review process of 13 cross-sectional research articles. The systematic review showed a positive relationship between orofacial pain and anxiety, with variations in the strength of the relationship (weak to moderate). Most articles revealed that anxiety is a risk factor for orofacial pain. A correlation between chronic orofacial pain and anxiety was mentioned in several studies. It can be concluded that there is an existing relationship between orofacial pain and anxiety, especially chronic orofacial pain. Prospero registration number: CRD42023385409
Effect of Personality and Pain Catastrophizing on Postoperative Analgesia Following Cesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of different psychological personalities and pain catastrophizing levels on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing cesarean section. Patients and Methods Puerperas who underwent cesarean section at our hospital between January and August 2023 were recruited into the study and assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQRSC) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Data on the numerical pain intensity at rest and during activity 24 h after surgery, number and dosage of analgesia pumps, and satisfaction with analgesia were recorded. According to the numerical pain score during activity 24 h post-operation, the patients were divided into the analgesia incomplete group (≥4) and control group (<4). Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the influence of personality characteristics and PCS on postoperative analgesia. Results A total of 778 women were included in the study. The incidence of inadequate analgesia was 89.8%. The satisfaction rate of analgesia was 66.8%. Univariate analysis showed that extraversion; neuroticism; PCS; numbers of previous cesarean delivery; ASA; analgesic satisfaction; and 24-h analgesia pump compressions and dosage were associated with postoperative analgesia after cesarean section (P<0.05). Using binary logistic regression analysis, the first cesarean section (odds ratio [OR]=0.056, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.913–19.174), the number of 24-h analgesic pump compressions (OR=8.464, 95% CI=0.356–0.604), extraversion (OR=0.667, 95% CI=0.513–0.866), neuroticism (OR=1.427, 95% CI=1.104–1.844), and PCS (OR=7.718, 95% CI=0.657–0.783) were factors affecting postoperative analgesia. Conclusion The incidence of inadequate analgesia after a cesarean section was high (89.8% on the first day after surgery). Formulating accurate analgesia programs for women undergoing cesarean section with extraversion, neuroticism personality characteristics, and pain catastrophizing behaviors is necessary for improving their postoperative analgesia effects and satisfaction and promoting postpartum comfort.
A COMPARISON OF SIX CULTIVARS OF FORAGE RAPE OVER A RANGE OF SOWING DATES IN CANTERBURY

Dry matter yields of six cultivars of forage rape were compared in ten trials during two seasons in Canterbury. Trials were sown at Lincoln on five dates from early October to mid February 1984/85. In 1985/86 three sowing dates from late October to late March were compared at Lincoln, and four cultivars were compared in trials sown at Waikari and Rangiora. Yields were measured about three months after sowing in most trials, but were measured earlier at Waikari and Rangiora. Regrowth was measured from three trials in 1985/86. Rangi was used as the standard cultivar in all trials. Baraska and Arran were consistently the higher yielding cultivars, producing on average 10-140Jo more than the standard cultivar Rangi. Winfred and Kentan were intermediate in yield with Wairangi slightly lower yielding on average than Rangi. Yields however varied considerably among trials and seasons. Regrowth from cutting was measured in one trial at Lincoln in 1985/86 and regrowth from grazing was measured in the two North Canterbury trials with Baraska producing the highest total yield.
Young Chinese female body skin pigmentation map: A pilot study

Abstract Background Most studies have discussed variations in facial skin colour based on age, gender, and anatomical site within a specific ethnic group. However, skin pigmentation on the body is also a concern for many people. Aim The aim of this study is to gather baseline data for Chinese young females, conduct a comprehensive assessment of body skin pigmentation, and create a body skin pigmentation map. Method Individual type angle (ITA°) was registered by CL 400 and melanin index (MI) was registered by MX 18 in 100 body points of 20 Chinese females. A total of 12,000 measurements were recorded. Result Our results showed significant differences among the symmetrical points on both sides of the body, including the clavicle, inner wrists, groin, inner ankle, elbow, armpit, waist side, the space between the thumb and index finger, instep, back shoulder, and popliteal space. Of all the points tested on the body, the points with the most severe skin pigmentation were the back of the neck, the heel, the elbow, and the popliteal space. Conclusion This is the first comprehensive study of skin pigmentation conducted on the human body. In young Chinese women, the points with the most severe skin pigmentation were the back of the neck, heels, elbows, and the popliteal space.
Recurrence‐free survival dynamics following adjuvant chemotherapy for resected colorectal cancer: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background Several cytotoxic chemotherapies have demonstrated efficacy in improving recurrence‐free survival (RFS) following resection of Stage II–IV colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the temporal dynamics of response to such adjuvant therapy have not been systematically quantified. Methods The Cochrane Central Register of Trials, Medline (PubMed) and Web of Science were queried from database inception to February 23, 2023 for Phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) where there was a significant difference in RFS between adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery only arms. Summary data were extracted from published Kaplan–Meier curves using DigitizeIT. Absolute differences in RFS event rates were compared at matched intervals using multiple paired t‐tests. Results The initial search yielded 1469 manuscripts. After screening, 18 RCTs were eligible (14 Stage II/III; 4 Stage IV), inclusive of 16,682 patients. In the absence of adjuvant chemotherapy, the greatest rate of recurrence was observed in the first year (mean RFS event rate; 0–0.5 years: 0.22 ± 0.21; 0.5–1 years: 0.20 ± 0.09). Adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significant decreases in the RFS event rates for the intervals 0–0.5 years (0.09 ± 0.09 vs. 0.22 ± 0.21, p < 0.001) and 0.5–1 years (0.14 ± 0.11 vs. 0.20 ± 0.09, p = 0.001) after randomization, but not at later intervals (1–5 years). In Stage IV trials, RFS event rates significantly differed for the interval 0–0.5 years (p = 0.012), corresponding with adjuvant treatment durations of 6 months. In Stage II/III trials, which included therapies of 6–24 months duration, there were marked differences in the RFS event rates between surgery and chemotherapy arms for the intervals 0–0.5 years (p < 0.001) and 0.5–1 years (p < 0.001) with smaller differences in the RFS event rates for the intervals 1–2 years (p = 0.012) and 2–3 years (p = 0.010). Conclusions In a systematic review of positive RCTs comparing adjuvant chemotherapy to surgery alone for Stage II–IV CRC, observed RFS improvements were driven by early divergences that occurred primarily during active cytotoxic chemotherapy. Late recurrence dynamics were not influenced by adjuvant therapy use. Such observations may have implications for the use of chemotherapy for micrometastatic clones detectable by cell‐free DNA‐based methodologies.
Real-world clinical profile, RET mutation testing, treatments and patient-related outcomes for medullary thyroid cancer in Europe

Objective This study aimed to describe real-world patient and physician characteristics, rearranged during transfection (RET) mutation testing and results, treatment patterns and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (aMTC) across five populous European countries. Methods Cross-sectional physician and patient surveys were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK from July to December 2020, prior to the introduction of selective RET inhibitors in Europe. Physicians completed patient record forms and a survey about their specialty and practice site. Patients were asked to provide PRO data using four validated instruments, including the EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire. Results The physician-reported sample included 275 patients with aMTC, including 79 patients with RET mutation-positive disease; median age was 60 and 56 years, respectively. Overall, 75% were tested for RET mutation (35% germline only, 21% somatic only and 44% both). Common physician-cited barriers to RET mutation testing included high cost, difficulty accessing the latest tests and time delay for results. First-line systemic therapy (most commonly vandetanib or cabozantinib) was prescribed for 69% of patients overall and 82% of the RET mutation-positive subgroup. Second-line therapy was prescribed for 12% of patients who received first-line therapy; most patients remained on first-line therapy at data capture. PROs revealed a substantial disease/treatment burden. Conclusion Patients with aMTC report a substantial disease/treatment burden. Outcomes could be improved by identifying patients eligible for treatment with selective RET inhibitors through more optimal RET mutation testing.