Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A case report of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy presenting as an isolated spinal cord lesion

Introduction: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a group of neurological syndromes involving the meninges, brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves and is characterized by sensitivity to steroid therapy. Due to the diverse clinical presentation and lack of uniform diagnostic criteria, GFAP-A can easily be overlooked or diagnosed as another disease. It is even rarer when presenting as an isolated spinal cord lesion. Case Report: We report the case of a 70-year-old man with initial symptoms of numbness and weakness in both lower limbs, followed by difficulty in urination and defecation, and progression of numbness upward to the hands. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion in the spinal cord from cervical level 2 to thoracic 7 in a T2-weighted image. T1-weighted image showed a punctate, lamellar strengthening lesion with significant spinal strengthening. GFAP immunoglobulin G (IgG) was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. After treatment with intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG), the patient symptoms improved and spinal cord enhancement was reduced. Conclusion: Long segment cases with punctate and patchy enhancement of the spinal cord are difficult to distinguish from CLAPPERS, so GFAP-A antibody detection is very important. This atypical case also increases neurologists’ understanding of GFAP-A.
Effectiveness and safety of umbilical cord milking in premature infants: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Both UCM and DCC are used to treat preterm infants, but there is no uniform standard for the length of UCM. The aim of this work was to explore the effectiveness and safety of different umbilical cord milking (UCM) lengths versus delayed cord clamping (DCC). Methods: We enrolled premature infants from the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University between September 2019 and October 2020 with random allocation (1:1:1:1) to the UCM 10 cm, UCM 20 cm, UCM 30 cm, and DCC groups. The primary outcome was hemoglobin at birth. Results: Ultimately, 143 participants completed the trial (UCM 10 cm, n = 35; UCM 20 cm, n = 35; UCM 30 cm, n = 38; DCC, n = 35). The hemoglobin levels were significantly lower at birth in the UCM 10 cm group than in the UCM 20 and 30 cm and DCC groups (182.29 ± 22.15 vs 202.83 ± 21.46, 208.82 ± 20.72, and 198.46 ± 24.92, P = .001, .001, and .003, respectively). The systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressures in the UCM 30 cm group were higher than those in the UCM 10 and 20 cm and DCC groups at birth, postnatal day 3 and postnatal day 7 (P < .05). The occurrence rates of anemia were significantly higher in the UCM 10 cm group than in the UCM 20 and 30 cm and DCC groups (42.9% vs 14.3%, 10.5%, and 14.3%, all P < .0083). There were no significant differences in heart rate or complications among the 4 groups. Conclusions: A UCM of 20 or 30 cm is a safe, effective operation for preterm infants and could improve blood pressure and hemoglobin levels and reduce anemia.
Effects of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic radical resection of the colon and targeted therapy on immune response and blood CA199 and CA242 levels in colorectal cancer

To examine the effect of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic radical resection combined with targeted therapy on the immune system and serum levels of CA199 and CA242 in individuals with colorectal cancer. We enrolled 90 patients admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer between February 2020 and May 2022 and divided them into 2 groups according to the treatment methods: observation group (n = 45) and control group (n = 45). Patients in the control group underwent conventional laparoscopic radical resection of the colon followed by targeted therapy, whereas those in the observation group underwent natural orifice transluminal endoscopic radical resection of the colon and targeted therapy. Serum CA199 and CA242 levels, incidence of adverse events, clinical efficacy, perioperative indicators, and immune function indicators were compared between the 2 groups. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (60.00% vs 35.6%, P = .020, and 91.1% vs 64.44%, P = .002, respectively). Compared with the control group, the observation group was associated with less blood loss (P = .003), shorter operation time (P = .011), shorter first exhaust time (P = .042), shorter borborygmus recovery time (P = .042), and shorter length of hospital stay (P = .020). After treatment, the CD3 + (P = .020), CD4 + (P = .008), and CD4+/CD8 + (P = .035) counts were lower, whereas the IgG (P = .014), IgM (P = .019), and IgA (P = .038) counts were higher in the observation group than in the control group. CA199 (P = .009) and CA242 (P = .001) levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group. The groups did not differ significantly in the incidence of adverse events (P = .842). The combination of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer and targeted therapy can shorten hospital stay, improve immune function, lower serum levels of CA199 and CA242, and exhibit good clinical efficacy.
Woody Species Diversity in Traditional Agroforestry Practices of Dellomenna District, Southeastern Ethiopia: Implication for Maintaining Native Woody Species

The major impact of humans on forest ecosystems including loss of forest area, habitat fragmentation, and soil degradation leads to losses of biodiversity. These problems can be addressed by integration of agriculture with forests and maintaining the existing forests. This study was initiated to assess woody species diversity of traditional agroforestry practices. Three study sites (Burkitu, Chire, and Erba) were selected based on the presence of agroforestry practice. Forty-eight (48) sample quadrants having an area of 20 m × 20 m, 16 sample quadrants in each study site, were systematically laid using four transect lines at different distance. The diversity of woody species was analyzed by using different diversity indices. A total of 55 woody species belonging to 31 families were identified and documented. There were significantly different ( ) among the study Kebeles (peasant associations). Mangifera indica, Entada abyssinica, and Croton macrostachyus were found to have the highest Important Value Index. The results confirmed that traditional agroforestry plays a major role in the conservation of native woody species. However, threats to woody species were observed. Therefore, there is a need to undertake conservation practices before the loss of species.
A Century of Sea Level Measurements at Newlyn, Southwest England

ABSTRACT The Newlyn Tidal Observatory is the most important sea level station in the United Kingdom. It commenced operations in 1915 as part of the Second Geodetic Levelling of England and Wales, and the mean sea level determined from the tide gauge during the first six years (May 1915–April 1921) defined Ordnance Datum Newlyn (ODN) which became the national height datum for the whole of Great Britain. The 100 years of sea level data now available have contributed significantly to many studies in oceanography, geology, and climate change. This paper marks the centenary of this important station by reviewing the sea level (and, more recently, detailed land level) measurements and Newlyn's contributions to UK cartography, geodesy and sea-level science in general. Recommendations are made on how sea and land level measurements at Newlyn might be enhanced.
528. Matched Retrospective Study, Comparing Molnupiravir to Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir (Paxlovid) in the Treatment of Mild-Moderate COVID-19 in Immunocompromised Cancer Patients

Abstract Background Paxlovid has been shown to reduce the risk of progression (hospitalization/death) by 88% as compared to placebo, while molnupiravir reduced that risk by 31%. However, these two agents have not been compared in the same study patient population. We therefore conducted a matched controlled study, comparing molnupiravir to paxlovid in terms of safety (adverse events and drug-drug interactions) and efficacy (progression and rebound events) in the treatment of mild-moderate COVID-19 in immunocompromised cancer patients. Methods This is a single center, retrospective study that included 240 cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in 2022. Patients who received molnupiravir were matched to those who received paxlovid on a 1:2 ratio, based on age group (18-64 years vs. ≥ 65) and type of cancer (lung cancer, hematologic malignancy, or other solid tumors). We collected patient demographics, comorbidities, malignancy history and treatment, vaccination status, as well as post-treatment progression and safety information. We used margins of 10% with 95% confidence intervals to determine the equivalence of outcomes. Results As shown in table 1, the two groups had comparable demographics, underlying malignancies, and most comorbidities, however smoking history, underlying CKD, and CAD were more common in the molnupiravir group. Similarly presenting symptoms were comparable, but cough, dyspnea and sore throat were more prevalent in the molnupiravir group. By multivariate analysis, 3 factors were independently associated with progression: hypertension, cough on presentation and failure to complete the 5-day course of antiviral therapy - P < 0.037. However, multivariate analysis failed to show any difference between the 2 groups in terms of progression to severe/disease and rebound events with equivalent margins within 10%. Patients who received paxlovid however were significantly more prone to drug-drug interactions/adverse events (28% vs. 0 - P < 0.0001). Comparing patients treated with molnuprivir versus those treated with paxlovid Conclusion In the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in cancer patients, molnupiravir was comparable to paxlovid in preventing progression to severe disease/death and rebound events, with a superior safety profile. Disclosures Issam I. Raad, Distinguished Professor, Novel Anti-Infective Technologies, LLC: Technology License
Re-evaluation of the fossil penguin Palaeeudyptes gunnari from the Eocene Leticia Formation, Argentina: additional material, systematics and palaeobiology

Acosta Hospitaleche, C. & Olivero, E. , April 2016. Re-evaluation of the fossil penguin Palaeeudyptes gunnari from the Eocene Leticia Formation, Argentina: additional material, systematics and palaeobiology. Alcheringa 40, xx–xx. ISSN 0311-5518 Eocene penguins are known mostly from Antarctic specimens. A previously documented partial skeleton consisting of a pelvis, femur, tibiotarsus and fibula, from the middle Eocene Leticia Formation, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, has been prepared and re-described. Re-analysis favours assignment to Palaeeudyptes gunnari, a species widely recorded in the Eocene of Antarctica. A new isolated coracoid belonging to an indeterminate species reveals new information about diving kinematics and swimming abilities. Palaeobiological attributes and morphology of the fossils indicate that both specimens belonged to large penguins with poor diving capability and wing propulsion systems similar to those of extant taxa. These penguin remains are the only vertebrate fossils thus far recorded from the Leticia Formation, and provide important insights into the relationships of South American and Antarctic penguins during the Paleogene. The presence of Palaeeudyptes in Argentina supports an Eocene connection between the South American and Antarctic penguin faunas. Carolina Acosta Hospitaleche [acostacaro@fcnym.unlp. edu.ar], CONICET. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, UNLP, Argentina; Eduardo Olivero [emolivero@gmail.com], CONICET. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), B. Houssay 200, 9410 Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.
Variability in the Nicola/Takla Group basalts and implications for alkalic Cu-Au porphyry prospectivity in the Quesnel terrane, British Columbia, Canada

s No 92, 146 p. Travers, W. B. (1982): Possible large-scale overthrusting near Ashcroft, British Columbia: Implications for petroleum prospecting; Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, v.30, no. 1, p. 1-8. Vaca, S. , Bissig, T. , Mitchinson, D.E. , Barker, S. and Hart, C.J.R. (2011): Variability in the basaltic rocks hosting copper-gold porphyry mineralization in the Quesnel terrane, southcentral British Columbia (NTS 092, 093): geochemistry, stable isotopes and physical properties; in Geoscience BC Summary of Activities 2010, Geoscience BC, Report 2011-1, p. 123–132.
Synergies between climate change and species invasions: evidence from marine systems.

Th e hypothesis that climate change will facilitate species invasions has recently received increasing focus in studies of marine systems. Over the past decade, approaches to testing this hypothesis have shifted from time-series observations of concomitant increases in both processes to experimental tests that are beginning to reveal the mechanisms underlying the synergies between these two aspects of global change. Th e results of many studies conform to expectations that under climate change, invasive species’ abundances, ranges and per capita eff ects – collectively indicative of invader impacts – will increase. However, there remain signifi cant gaps in our understanding of responses to non-thermal factors (such as changes in ocean pH, dissolved oxygen and storm events) and how species-specifi c idiosyncrasies will manifest in changes at the community level. Continued exploration of the synergies between climate change and species invasions will help us to anticipate potential indirect eff ects (mediated through the responses of interacting invaders) on native species, which may themselves also be directly aff ected by climate change.
Meta-analysis for the relationship between circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placenta accreta spectrum

Background: Changes in circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) have been observed in women with a placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). However, no consensus has been reached according to the previous studies. Our study investigated the relationship between circulating PAPP-A and PAS risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Studies comparing the circulating level of PAPP-A between pregnant women with and without PAS were obtained by searching the Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from the inception of the databases until February 12, 2023. Heterogeneity was considered in the pooling of results via a random-effects model. Results: Eight observational studies were obtained for the meta-analysis, which included 243 pregnant women with PAS and 1599 pregnant women without PAS. For all these women, the first-trimester circulating level of PAPP-A was measured by immunoassay and reported as multiples of the median (MoM) values. The pooled results showed that compared to those who did not develop PAS, women with PAS had significantly higher first-trimester serum level PAPP-A (mean difference: 0.43 MoM, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30 to 0.56, P < .001; I2 = 32%). Furthermore, a high first-trimester serum PAPP-A level was related to a high PAS risk (odds ratio: 2.89, 95% CI: 2.13 to 3.92, P < .001; I2 = 0%). Sensitivity analysis which excluded one study at a time, also obtained similar results (p all < 0.05). Conclusion: Pregnant women with a high serum PAPP-A level in the first trimester may be at an increased risk for PAS.
Preloaded combination nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation in Kazakhstan: A randomized controlled trial study protocol

Background Tobacco use is a major cause of premature death and disease in Kazakhstan, with over 22,500 deaths per year. Although efforts have been made to control tobacco use, smoking-related deaths have continued to increase. One strategy to help smokers quit is to use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), with combination NRT resulting in higher long-term quit rates than a single form of NRT. A study aims to determine the effectiveness of preloaded combination NRT on smoking cessation, the change in health-related quality of life due to smoking cessation, and explore treatment adherence perceptions. Methods and analysis The study will be conducted as a randomized, single-blind superiority trial, with 100 participants in each arm. The trial will be carried out at the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana, Kazakhstan, and will recruit current smokers aged 18 years and above with a motivation to quit. Participants will be randomly allocated to either the intervention group or the control group. The former will receive preloaded combination NRT, while the latter will receive fast-acting NRT alone. The primary outcome measure will be sustained abstinence from smoking after six months. Secondary outcome measures will include health-related quality of life and adherence to the treatment. Discussion The study may gather further evidence that a combination NRT is more efficient than a fast-acting NRT alone. The findings of this study may help to improve tobacco cessation strategies in Kazakhstan and other countries with high smoking prevalence rates. Trial registration number NCT05484505.
Genomic malaria surveillance of antenatal care users detects reduced transmission following elimination interventions in Mozambique

Routine sampling of pregnant women at first antenatal care (ANC) visits could make Plasmodium falciparum genomic surveillance more cost-efficient and convenient in sub-Saharan Africa. We compared the genetic structure of parasite populations sampled from 289 first ANC attendees and 93 children from the community in Mozambique between 2015 and 2019. Samples were amplicon sequenced targeting 165 microhaplotypes and 15 drug resistance genes. Metrics of genetic diversity and relatedness, as well as the prevalence of drug resistance markers, were consistent between the two populations. In an area targeted for elimination, intra-host genetic diversity declined in both populations (p=0.002–0.007), while for the ANC population, population genetic diversity was also lower (p=0.0004), and genetic relatedness between infections were higher (p=0.002) than control areas, indicating a recent reduction in the parasite population size. These results highlight the added value of genomic surveillance at ANC clinics to inform about changes in transmission beyond epidemiological data.
eIF2A represses cell wall biogenesis gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Translation initiation is a complex and highly regulated process that represents an important mechanism, controlling gene expression. eIF2A was proposed as an alternative initiation factor, however, its role and biological targets remain to be discovered. To further gain insight into the function of eIF2A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we identified mRNAs associated with the eIF2A complex and showed that 24% of the most enriched mRNAs encode proteins related to cell wall biogenesis and maintenance. In agreement with this result, we showed that an eIF2A deletion sensitized cells to cell wall damage induced by calcofluor white. eIF2A overexpression led to a growth defect, correlated with decreased synthesis of several cell wall proteins. In contrast, no changes were observed in the transcriptome, suggesting that eIF2A controls the expression of cell wall-related proteins at a translational level. The biochemical characterization of the eIF2A complex revealed that it strongly interacts with the RNA binding protein, Ssd1, which is a negative translational regulator, controlling the expression of cell wall-related genes. Interestingly, eIF2A and Ssd1 bind several common mRNA targets and we found that the binding of eIF2A to some targets was mediated by Ssd1. Surprisingly, we further showed that eIF2A is physically and functionally associated with the exonuclease Xrn1 and other mRNA degradation factors, suggesting an additional level of regulation. Altogether, our results highlight new aspects of this complex and redundant fine-tuned regulation of proteins expression related to the cell wall, a structure required to maintain cell shape and rigidity, providing protection against harmful environmental stress.
Outcomes of Intrauterine Device Insertion by Certified Midwives and Obstetric Nurse Practitioners

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the outcomes of Interval Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD) insertion performed by certified midwives and obstetric nurse practitioners at a Peri-Hospital Birth Center. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 75 women who underwent IUD insertion between January 2018 and February 2020. Data collection was carried out using medical records and telephone interviews. Results: no instances of uterine perforation were observed. Expulsion rates of the devices were 1.3% within 30 to 45 days of use and 5.3% within the first year of use. The follow-up removal rate was 4.0%. The average pain score reported was 4.2 (SD = 3.3). Among those who continued using the device, 93.1% expressed satisfaction. Conclusions: the findings demonstrate that IUD insertion by certified midwives and obstetric nurse practitioners is a safe procedure, yielding outcomes comparable to those reported in the existing literature.
Radiocarbon Fluctuations During the Third Millennium BC

Precision 14C analyses have been performed on samples comprising 1 to 4 annual rings from the south-central European dendrochronologic sequence of sub-fossil oak wood covering the period 1930 to 3100 bc. Apart from a major deviation in the 29th century bc, the 14C fluctuations have amplitudes of ca 10‰ and a possible periodicity of 90 years. A 14C peak at 2190 bc has a rise- and decay-time of <20 years indicating rather abrupt changes in the production rate of 14C. The 14C calibration curve derived from these data can be used for precise dating of the Early Bronze Age in the Near East.
Investigating the influence of primary uterine tumor site on pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastatic pattern and evaluating the risk factors for lymph node metastases in endometrial carcinoma: A retrospective study

To assess the metastatic pattern in pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes in relation with the primary uterine tumor site and to evaluate risk factors for lymph node metastases. 212 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgical treatment from December 2014 to December 2019 were selected. The clinical and pathological data were retrospectively analyzed. The factors and uterine primary tumor site related to lymph node metastasis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Among the 212 patients with endometrial cancer, 17 cases had lymph node metastasis, and thus the metastasis rate was 8.02%. Univariate analysis revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly correlated with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, depth of myometrial invasion, tumor size, pathological grade, and lymphovascular space invasion (P < .05) and was not correlated with age, pathological type, and cervical involvement (P > .05). Primary uterine tumor site (fundus, horns, body or lower uterine segment) with or without cervical involvement was associated with different lymph nodes’ metastatic sites. The lymph node metastatic pathways of endometrial cancer mainly include obturator lymph nodes and para-aortic lymph nodes, and skip metastasis may occur; endometrial carcinoma may jump and metastasize to para-aortic lymph nodes, specially when the lesion is located in the uterine fundus and uterine horns (cornua of uterus); there is a significant correlation between the location of lymph node metastasis and the location of primary uterine malignant tumor.