Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Firms Characteristics on Corporate Risk Disclosure: Empirical Evidence from Amman Stock Exchange

This paper measures the extent of corporate risk disclosure and the relationship of a set of firms characteristics (firm size, type of sector, leverage, profitability, and liquidity) on the level of risk disclosure in Jordan. The measurement of risk disclosure is based on published data of sampled Jordanian firms listed on Amman Stock Exchange using the content analysis approach. The findings indicate that large firms, industrial firms, and firms with a high level of leverage and profitability disclose more risk information than others do. However, the rate of liquidity showed a negative effect on the level of risk disclosure. The findings of this study also enhance the understanding of the corporate risk disclosure environment in Jordan as an example of the emerging markets in the Middle East. The study contributes to disclosure studies by being the first study to explore the relationship between the risk disclosure level and firm characteristics in Jordan. In addition, this study provides clear insight into the determinants of risk disclosure to the stakeholders of the Jordanian companies.
Elastic Properties of Some Polycrystalline Transition-Metal Monocarbides

The elastic properties of polycrystalline HfC0.967, NbC0.964, TaC0.994, and WC1.007 were determined at 23°C, and the data were corrected to theoretical density. In units of 1012 dyn/cm2, the Young's moduli are 4.619, 4.884, 5.377, and 6.237; the shear moduli, 1.953, 1.987, 2.168, and 2.633; and the bulk moduli, 2.426, 3.008, 3.448, and 3.295, respectively. The Poisson's ratios are 0.183, 0.229, 0.240, and 0.185, respectively. The specific electrical resistivities (micro‐ohm centimeters at 20°C, corrected to theoretical density) are 24.6, 49.1, 25.6, and 17.8, respectively.
Effect of Sorbitol on Rheological, Textural and Microstructural Characteristics of Peanut Butter

Sorbitol could lower the viscosity, yield stress, flow behavior index, storage modulus, loss modulus, and elevated the consistency index, loss tangent of peanut butter. It made peanut butter have greater mobility and more obvious liquid characteristic. Sorbitol could reduce the hardness and stickiness of peanut butter, thereby solving the problem of poor spreadability of traditional (stability) peanut butter. The microstructure of the sorbitol added peanut butter system was well-distributed and more compact. It had a higher degree of adhesion, a stronger shear resistance and anti-thixotropy. Sorbitol could enhance color and aroma of peanut butter, make its texture condition more uniform and taste more delicate. More importantly, the peanut butter with sorbitol was easier to spread on the food, and the coating was more smooth and uniform. On the whole, the peanut butter sample with 9% sorbitol added had the best sensory quality.
Response to RC#2

Page 8, L25: what is the reason behind removing signals related to CO2, rather than down-weighting them? In standard AMS data analysis, O, HO, H2O, and CO are not directly measured but are instead calculated as constant fractions of the CO2 signal. This must be accounted for in PMF to avoid overweighting the CO2 variable. Two approaches are possible: (1) downweighting (by increasing the uncertainties) or (2) removing the variables and reinserting them afterwards. The two approaches are nearly equivalent, but may differ in some datasets due to the combination of the requirement of a minimum error for the AMS coupled with the dynamic downweighting routine applied to outliers in the “robust mode” of the PMF. This can lead to small differences in the effective signal/uncertainty ratios between CO2 and its dependent ions, leading in turn to perturbations of these ratios in the output factors. As this is inconsistent with the basic data-processing assumptions for the CO2dependent ions, it should be avoided. Although it does not affect all data points, or even all datasets, there is the potential for this problem to occur when the CO2 ions are retained for PMF. However, the remove-and-reinsert approach employed here is always safe, and thus preferred.
A Study on the Physical and Biochemical Characteristics of Semen of Tor putitora- An Endangered Fish Species in Himalayan Water

Background: Tor putitora is distributed in the entire northeast Himalayan region. The declining population of Tor putitora in natural waters has major concern to its fishery. The knowledge of semen characteristics is helpful in the selection of good quality semen for artificial fertilization thus have a role in fishery development. The current study aimed to determine the physical and biochemical composition of seminal plasma of Tor putitora. Methods: The semen samples were collected by stripping the ripe male brooders procured from the natural habitat. The sperm motility, sperm density, spermatocrit value and osmolality were determined for physical characteristics of semen. Haemocytometric method was used for sperm density. The seminal plasma was separated by centrifugation for the determination of ionic and organic component of semen through atomic absorption spectrometer. Result: The semen of T. putitora has shown species-specific features of sperm density (1.712 ± 0.18 × 109 ml-1), spermatocrit (62.96 ± 2.63 %) and sperm motility duration (48.16 ± 1.68 s). The Na2+ (102.06 ± 5.115 mM l-l) and K+ (51.66 ± 3.205 mM l -l) are predominating ions among the other inorganic constituents (Ca2+: 1.38 ± 0.304 mg dl-1, Mg2+: 0.86 ± 0.261 mg l-l, phosphate: 4.00 ± 1.102 mg dl-1, Cu2+: 0.004 ± 0.001 mg l-l and Zn2+: 0.062 ± 0.005 mg l-l) of the seminal plasma. The organic constituents of seminal plasma contained - Glucose: 9.6 ± 0.678 mg dl-1, Cholesterol: 21.0 ± 1.049 mg dl-1, Triglycerides: 11.0 ± 0.316 mg dl-1, Urea: 12.6 ± 1.7206 mg dl-1 and Uric acid: 0.5 ± 0.10 mg dl-1. The Osmolality (256.8 ± 31.940 mOsmol kg-1), pH (7.34 ± 0.04) and ionic composition of semen seem to be the most important factor responsible for inhibition or activation of sperm motility. A high significant positive relationship (r=0.807, P less than 0.01) was found between sperm density and spermatocrit suggests the use of regression equation for quick and reliable estimation of sperm concentration in Tor putitora. The study is helpful in the selection of high-quality male spawners and provides baseline information for the development of extenders and dilutants for the preservation of viable semen.
THE SYRIAN WAR AND POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic distress disorder (PTSD) amongst Syrian whom lived in under the war. Methodology: The study has utilized a survey to observe the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Syrian people who lived inside Syria during the Syrian conflict The survey uses the PTSD checklist for civilians (PCL-C), which measures both the severity of PTSD and the 3 symptoms of it in accordance with “The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM-IV) that are re-experiencing; avoidance; and hyperarousal. A sample of 600 random Syrian people participated in the current study. Findings: The PTSD test results show a widespread of the trauma in Syria based on the result of the test as 53percent of the participants had symptoms corresponding to the recommended diagnosis, which is expected due to horrors of war and terrorism-related events. Implications: Results suggest that it is imperative to provide intervention programs to treat PTSD symptoms among people who live in Syria. The participants' cultural and religious backgrounds should be taken into account in these programs. The originality of the Study: This Syrian war research has contributed to a spike in symptoms of PTSD and depression among children in Syria.
Model for self-assembly of carbon nanotubes from acetylene based on real-time studies of vertically aligned growth kinetics

Time-resolved optical reflectivity was used to study the kinetics in the early stages of vertically aligned carbon nanotube array growth from a molecular beam of acetylene. The molecular beam environment was used to suppress gas phase reaction pathways and limit the growth to surface reactions specific to the molecular structure of acetylene. The observed acetylene flux dependent induction delay and the threshold for vertically aligned growth are characteristic features of heterogeneous chain reactions. Propagation of chain reactions requires regeneration of the active sites that can occur only if catalytic activity is transferred from the metal catalyst film to surface carbon species. After the active site transformation, acetylene self-assembles into carbon structures of progressively increasing size such as chains, graphene fragments, and nanotubes. In this paper we show that a conceptual framework supported by ab initio density functional theory calculations in which active carbon species facilitate incorporation of new carbon readily explains recent results in vertically aligned nanotube growth that are puzzling in the context of the diffusion/precipitation model.
Gene LPL, STAT5 and AGPAT6 Polymorphisms Relationship with Goat Milk Traits

Background: Several single nucleotide polymorphisms had been detected in goats and for the researchers it is important to reveal candidate genes with substantial effects on the traits of economic importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between LPL, STAT5 and AGPAT6 gene polymorphisms and milk traits of goats. Methods: We investigated about 204 goats, four different breeds (Czech White Shorthaired, Saanen, Anglo Nubian, Alpine) and two crossbreeds (Saanen and Alpine, Saanen and Anglo Nubian). The milk samples were analysed using spectrophotometers LactoScope 550 and LactoScope FTIR (Delta Instruments, the Netherlands). The somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was determined by flow cytometry method using the Somascope CA-3A4 (Delta Instruments, the Netherlands). Variations of the goat AGPAT6, STAT5, LPL genes were detected by PCR-RFLP method. Result: Analysis of AGPAT6 gene revealed that goats with GC genotype had higher milk yield, fat content and lactose content; goats with CG genotype had higher protein content. STAT5 gene analysis showed that goats with CT genotype had higher milk yield; goats with CC genotype had higher fat content and lactose content; goats with TT genotype had higher protein and urea content and also SCC. According to LPL gene analysis, goats with CC genotype had higher milk yield while goats with GG genotype had higher fat and protein content. The highest milk yield was estimated in Saanen and Alpine crossbreed goats while the highest milk fat and protein content was estimated in Anglo Nubian goats.
Socio-demographic characteristics and feto-maternal outcome in twin pregnancies at a tertiary care center: A 2 year study

Background: Multiple gestation is considered a high-risk pregnancy. In India, 1% of the pregnancies are twin gestation and 10% of perinatal mortality can be attributed to twin pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective record-based study conducted in obs and gynae department of pt B. D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak over a period of 2 years. Hospital records were analyzed. Maternal demographic factors, Obstetrical associated complications and fetal outcome were also recorded. Results: Incidence of twin delivery was 11.4%. 56.1% of patients belongs to an age group of 21-25 years.64. 6% delivered between 32-37 weeks, 67.6% landed into spontaneous labour and anaemia was seen in 48% and preterm labour (69.2%) accounting for low birth weight babies. Conclusion: There is an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal otcome in twin pregnancy therefore there is a need of a special antenatal care in such patients and timely referral.
Facile approach to synthesise zeolite X and its adsorption for Cu (II) and Zn(II)

Pure zeolite X was synthesised by a facile microwave-assisted two-step approach using high silicon fly ash, industrial-grade reagents and tap water. First, a microwave heating method was conducted to extract silicon and the extract process was completed in 20 min, which was more effective. Then, a microwave approach was used to synthesis zeolite X. The whole analysis process is <2 h. The composition, phase structure, morphology, particle size distribution, specific surface areas and adsorption of heavy metal ions were evaluated comprehensively. The results show that single phase zeolite X with octahedral structure and an average diameter of 1.10 μm is obtained, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area is 583.22 m2/g. Especially, the adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ are as high as 81.33 and 67.21 mg/g, respectively. It can be concluded that the Letter provides a facile and fast method utilising high silicon fly ash to synthetise zeolite X, which is an excellent adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions.
Interaction between Nutrition and Herbicide Application in Pea Culture

The aim of our pot experiment was to study how pea plants respond to herbicide application with different nutrient supplies. We studied the effect of herbicides on growth parameters and examined the interaction between levels of nitrogen (N) fertilizers and the effect of herbicides. The experiment was conducted in a glasshouse with five different herbicides at three N levels. The N was added as nitrate the following levels: N0 = 0 mg kg−1 soil, N60 = 60 mg kg−1 soil, and N160 = 160 mg kg−1 soil. Four of the herbicides can be used as pre‐emergence treatments and one as postemergence treatment. Pre‐emergence applications of Afalon Dispersion (a.i. linuron), Command 48 EC (a.i. clomazone), Pledge 50 WP (a.i. flumioxazin), and Sencor 70 WG (a.i. metribuzin) were given, while Basagran (a.i. bentazone) was applied postemergence. Among them, the Pledge 50 WP is not permitted in pea culture in Hungary. In the four‐replication experiment, we used 132 pots. The plants were grown for 12 weeks, when the dry weight of shoots and pods and their N, phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) contents, were determined. Results show that the herbicide treatments decreased the weight of vegetative parts and the yield of the pea plants differently. The increasing doses of N fertilizer did not significantly increase the biomass of vegetative plant parts in all cases. The phytotoxic effect of the herbicides was sometimes stronger than the biomass, increasing the effect of N. For the biomass production of pea plants, the 160 mg kg−1 N dose was most favorable, with 22% increasing in vegetative production. The dry matter of shoots and pods decreased most in the case of N160 levels affected by herbicides. The linuron caused the most severe dry‐matter decrease; this was statistically verified at all N levels.
Effect of Different Phosphorus Treatments on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Pilea sinofasciata

Phosphorus (P) concentration and physiological and biochemical characteristics of the leaves of Pilea sinofasciata [both P-ME (ME) and nonME (NME)] grown in a greenhouse were determined under varying soil P conditions. Greater P concentration was observed in ME of P. sinofasciata. The concentration of chlorophyll a in the ME increased with an increase of P concentration in soil, whereas the reverse tendency was observed in the NME. A slight decrease of chlorophyll b concentration existed at 100 mg P kg−1 soil for ME. Pilea sinofasciata of ME growing under high P concentration presented greater bioactivities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) and less concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline than under low-P conditions, whereas the opposite tendency was manifested in the NME, which demonstrated normal growing status and steady accumulation efficiency.
Physicochemical characterisation of butternut ( Jugulans cinerea ) oil

Some physical and chemical properties of butternut (jugulans cinerea) oil were investigated. The oil was found to be deep amber in color and slightly thick. The oil melts at 260c, has specific gravity of 0.99 and a refractive index of 1.44 at 400c. The chemical characteristics showed the total oil content to be 46.15%. Unsaponifiable matter was 0.69%, saponification value was 248.02mg/KOH/g oil. The iodine value was 40.45 while the acid and peroxide values were 3.96mg/KOH/g oil and 7.2Meq/100g oil respectively. The free fatty acid content of the oil was 3.16%. The oil was thus observed to have some advantageous physicochemical properties and could be regarded as seed oil due its high fat content.
Dielectric and Viscoelastic Behavior of Star-Branched Polyisoprene: Two Coarse-Grained Length Scales in Dynamic Tube Dilation

cis-Polyisoprene (PI) chain has the type A dipole parallel along the backbone so that its large-scale (global) motion results in not only viscoelastic but also dielectric relaxation. Utilizing this feature of PI, this paper examined dielectric and viscoelastic behavior of star PI probe chains (arm molecular weight 10–3Ma = 9.5–23.5, volume fraction υ1 = 0.1) blended in a matrix of long linear PI (M = 1.12 × 106). The constraint release (CR)/dynamic tube dilation (DTD) mechanism was quenched for those dilute probes entangled with the much longer matrix, as evidenced from coincidence of the frequency dependence of the dielectric and viscoelastic losses of the probe in the blend. Comparison of the probe data in the blend and in monodisperse bulk revealed that the star probe relaxation is retarded and broadened on blending and the retardation/broadening is enhanced exponentially with Ma. This result in turn demonstrates significant CR/DTD contribution to the dynamics of star PI in bulk. The magnitude of retardation was quantitatively analyzed within the context of the tube model, with the aid of the dielectrically evaluated survival fraction of the dilated tube, φ′(t), and the literature data of CR time, τCR. In the conventional molecular picture of partial-DTD, the tube is assumed to dilate laterally, but not coherently along the chain backbone. The corresponding lateral partial-DTD relationship between φ′(t) and the normalized viscoelastic relaxation function μ(t), μ(t) = φ′(t)/β(t) with β(t) being the number of entanglement segments per laterally dilated segment (that was evaluated from the φ′(t) and τCR data), held for the μ(t) and φ′(t) data of star PI in bulk. Nevertheless, the observed retardation of the star probe relaxation on blending was less significant compared to the retardation expected for the arm motion (retraction) along the laterally dilated tube in bulk PI. This result suggests that the relaxation time of the probe in bulk is governed by the longitudinal partial-DTD that occurs coherently along the chain backbone. In fact, the magnitude of retardation evaluated from the φ′(t) and τCR data on the basis of this longitudinal partial-DTD picture was close to the observation. These results strongly suggest that the star PI chains in monodisperse bulk have two different coarse-grained length scales: the diameter of laterally dilated tube that determines the modulus level and the diameter of longitudinally dilated tube that reflects the path length for the arm retraction and determines the relaxation time. Thus, the star PI chains in bulk appear to move along the longitudinally dilated tube that wriggles in the laterally dilated tube. This molecular scenario is consistent with the previous finding for bulk linear PI
Advances of MSTN Genetic Markers in Domesticated Animals

The myostatin (MSTN) gene is a negative regulator of animal muscle growth and development. This gene not only inhibits muscle cell growth and reduces fat accumulation but also exerts a significant effect on back fat thickness, birth weight and carcass traits. MSTN gene mutation, an important factor that influences economic traits, directly affects the growth and development of animals and consequently the quality of animal products. This paper reviews the structural and functional characteristics of the MSTN gene. The genetic variation of the MSTN gene is then compared among four domestic animals (cattle, sheep, goat and pig) and its correlation with important economic traits is analysed. The mechanism and structural characteristics of MSTN gene mutants are further discussed. This paper provides explication on the application of MSTN gene research in breeding and its importance to the advancement of animal husbandry.
Numerical simulation of spouting of cylindroid particles in a spouted bed

The hydrodynamic behaviours of cylindroid particles in a spouted bed are studied by three-dimensionally coupled computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) model. The cylindroid particles are constructed by multi-sphere method. The drag coefficient model for non-spherical particles is employed which shows higher accuracy by comparing the calculated flow pattern and pressure drop distribution data with the experimental measurements and the predicted results with the traditional drag coefficient model for spherical particles. Peak pressure drop, flow pattern, spout diameter and geometry of the fountain are discussed in detail.
Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa

This study aimed at estimating the economic impact of the disease in Senegal in order to provide to policy makers arguments for a sustainable multi-year control strategy. The methodological approach adopted was based on the use of available secondary data in the public and private animal health services. A survey on local livestock markets has been made to better estimate the values of horses and thus better quantify the economic losses associated with the disease. Electronic and manual calculations were used for data processing and cost-benefit analysis conducted to compare the benefits from the control over the costs involved. This study shows that the disease caused a total of 1169 deaths out of a national herd of about 518212 horses, i.e a national mortality rate of 0.23%. The outbreak caused a total of 1357 sick animals out of 517614 horses, i.e. a national morbidity rate of 0.26% in the traditional farming systems. The total economic cost of the 2007 outbreak of African horse sickness in Senegal was estimated at 896790798 FCFA. Losses related to mortality and morbidity represent the largest share of that cost with 498462665 CFA francs, or 55.58% of total economic costs. The remainder of the total economic cost (398328133 CFA francs, or 44.42%) is due to the cost of controlling the disease. The investment made at the beginning of the outbreak has produced a positive result with a cost-benefit ratio of 1.25. If the authorities had invested 398328133 CFA francs for the prevention against horse sickness, a loss of 498462665 FCFA would have been avoided. Therefore it is possible, through a strategy of prevention carried out by immunization and vector control to limit in a *Corresponding Author: ajakakpo@refer.sn Bull. Anim. Hith. Prod. Afr. (2011). 59 1-16
Successfully aging at work or successfully working while aging? The importance of older workers’ psychological well-being

Frank, 62, has been working at the same company for the past 32 years. His strong work ethic, subject-matter expertise, and continued excellent performance have saved him from several waves of layoffs and restructuring. Over the years Frank has become cynical. Gradually, many of Frank’s close colleagues were let go, and he has had difficulty connecting with newer employees. Although he is not particularly happy at his job, Frank is determined to continue working for his employer until at least 66, which is when he can start collecting Social Security benefits without penalty.