Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtual Simulations to Train Social Workers for Competency-Based Learning: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT To successfully respond to the increasing needs and demands of clients, social workers must be equipped with a broad range of knowledge and skills. Due to limitations with traditional in-person methods, the field is considering virtual simulations to enhance students’ knowledge and competency-based skills. Virtual simulations are a method of using a computer/software/the Internet to teach knowledge and competency-based skills. In this article, we examine the different types of virtual simulations, categories of educational topics and competency-based skills that these virtual simulations address, and evidence of their usefulness. Initial findings suggest that these online learning modalities may not only be effective at teaching knowledge and competency-based skills, but that they may bridge a gap that exists in traditional teaching methods.
The association of main blood groups and development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and its organ involvements

36 (11.7%), p value = 0.034). In RH negative individuals, there was a significant difference in the frequency of the A blood group between SLE patients and the controls (2 (13.3%) vs. 10 (37%), p value = 0.037). There is no difference in the frequency of different BGs between SLE patients and healthy people. Moreover, no significant relation between different organ involvement in Lupus patients and BG was found, except for mucosal ulcers. Therefore, ’blood group cannot be used as a predictor of disease status.
Reflections of Russian dialect geography in Djorža Karelian

Can we pinpoint an Eastern Finnic dialect on the map, based exclusively on the Russian influence in its phonology and grammar? How precisely do differences between Russian (sub-)dialects manifest themselves in Eastern Finnic? Due to its unique location, far from its relatives, and its contacts with different Russian dialects, Djorža Karelian is a promising tool for answering these questions. We explore the distribution of three phonological features in Djorža Karelian vocabulary borrowed from Russian; all of them correspond to isoglosses on the Russian dialect map. In addition, we also shortly examine one syntactic feature in this Karelian variety: the distribution of two borrowed conjunctions with similar meaning and North-South divide in Russian dialects. We conclude that phonology is not the best detector of contact between non-cognate dialects, because of the small sound inventories of the contact varieties and the problems in distinguishing externally driven change from internally driven change. Syntax seems to be a better diagnostic for contact between non-cognate dialects, because of its complex relationship with meaning. We go on to demonstrate how syntactic evidence from a non-Slavic variety can also be suggestive for the occurrence of linguistic phenomena in Russian dialects.
A comparison of the content taught in critical care transportation modules across South African bachelor’s degrees in emergency medical care

Background and objective Critical care transport (CCT) involves the movement of critically ill patients between healthcare facilities. South Africa (SA), like other low- to middle-income countries, has a relative shortage of ICU beds, making CCT an inevitability. In SA, CCTs are mostly done by emergency care practitioners; however, it is unclear how universities offering Bachelor in Emergency Medical Care (BEMC) courses approach their teaching in critical care and whether the content taught is consistent between institutions. In our study we formally evaluate and compare the intensive and critical care transport modules offered at SA universities in their BEMC programmes. Methods The electronic version of curricula of the critical care transport modules from higher education institutes in SA offering the BEMC were subjected to document analysis. Qualitative (inductive content analysis) and quantitative (descriptive analysis) methods were used to describe and compare the different components of the curriculum. Curricula were assigned into components and sub-components according to accepted definitions of curricula. The components included: aims, goals, composition and objectives of the course; content or teaching material and work-integrated learning. Results The four universities that offer BEMC programmes were invited to participate, and three (75%) consented and provided data. The duration of the modules ranged from 6 to 12 months, corresponding with notional hours of 120 - 150. A total of 83 learning domains were generated from the coding process. These domains included content on mechanical ventilation, patient monitoring, arterial blood gases, infusions and fluid balance, and patient preparation and transfer. Two universities had identical structures and learning outcomes, while one had a different structure and outcomes; it corresponded with a 58% similarity. Clinical placements were in critical and emergency care units, operating theatres and prehospital clinical services. Conclusion In all components compared, the universities offering BEMC were more similar than they were different. It is unclear whether the components taught are relevant to the SA patient population and healthcare system context, or whether students are adequately prepared for clinical practice. Postgraduate educational programmes might need to be developed to equip emergency care practitioners to function in this environment safely. Contributions of the study Owing to the limited availability of ICU beds in South Africa, optimising and standardising critical care transport is an important consideration. This study identifies important elements for improving emergency medical care training in South Africa, as well as areas needing further research.
Temporal-Spatial Pattern of Dissolved Organic
Carbon and Its Influencing Factors in a Typical
Subtropical Lake, Lake Gehu, China

In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in Gehu Lake, Taihu Lake Basin, China, and its influencing factors were studied through annual surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019 to aid its management and restoration. The DOC concentration ranged from 1.92 to 5.60 mg·L -1 , and the average DOC concentration was 3.30±0.78 mg·L -1 . The DOC concentration was highest in winter, followed by spring, summer and autumn; it was significantly higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. The DOC concentration was lower in the northern area and higher in coastal areas. Linear fitting showed that DOC concentration was strongly positively correlated with the absorption coefficient of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, the permanganate index, particulate phosphorus and particulate nitrogen ( p <0.01) and significantly positively correlated with organic suspended solids (0.01< p <0.05).
The meta-design of systems: how design, data and software enable the organizing of open, distributed, and collaborative processes

The challenges posed by the complexity of our times requires the Design discipline to understand the many complex relationships behind the social, business, technology and territory dimensions of each project. Such nature of complex systems lays not only inside design projects, but also inside the design processes that generate them, and the ability of organizing them through meta-design approaches is becoming strategic. Since the turn of the century, the design discipline has increasingly moved its scope from single users to local and online communities, from isolated projects to system of solutions. This shift has brought researchers and practitioners to investigate tools and strategies to enable mass-scale interactions by adopting several models and tools coming from software development and web-based technologies: Open Source, P2P, DDD (Diffuse, Distributed, and Decentralized) systems. This influence has matured over the years, and if we observed in the past how such systemic models can be applied in the design practice (part 1), we are facing now a new phase where Design will have an increasing role in enabling such systems through the analysis, visualization and design of their collaborative tools, platforms, processes and organizations (part 2). This scope falls into the Meta-Design domain, where designers build environments for the collaborative design of open processes and their resulting organizations (part 3). In this paper, we address this phenomena by elaborating the Open Meta-Design framework (part 4), that provides a way for designing open, collaborative and distributed processes (including those in the professional design domain). The paper positions the framework among current meta-design and design approaches and develops its features of modeling, analysis, management and visualization of processes. This framework is based on four dimensions: conceptual (describing the philosophy, context and limitations of the approach), data (describing the ontology of design processes), design (visualizing designing processes) and software (managing the connections between the ontology and the visualization, the data and design dimensions). We believe that such a framework could potentially facilitate the participation and the creation of open, collaborative and distributed processes, enabling therefore more relevant interactions for communities. As a conclusion, the paper provides a roadmap for developing and testing the Open Meta-Design framework, and therefore evaluating its relevance in supporting complex projects (part 5). DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4995/IFDP.2016. 3301
Assessment of non-pressurized electro dewatering of waste activated sludge with graphite electrodes

Changes of physical and chemical characteristics of sludge were investigated with respect to the pH, process time, and applied voltage by means of the electric field treatments. A model reactor with the desired speed was used to generate an electric field to separate water from the sludge without applying pressure. All electrodes mounted on the reactor were produced from graphite. Two different distances between anode and cathode (2.3 cm and 4.3 cm) were used to examine the effects on dewatering capacity of sludge. Differentiations of dependent variables inferred from the experimental processes were also surveyed by Box-Behnken experimental design. The water in the sludge was separated effectively when the samples were exposed to an electric field. The total solid increased from 1.07% to 6.60% at pH 6.5 when sludge was exposed to 25 V for 60 min. Furthermore, the optimum distance between electrodes was 2.3 cm for dewatering of sludge samples, where the capillary suction time of influent sludge was observed to decrease by approximately 85.5% at raw sludge pH. Similarly, the viscosity parameters decreased by approximately 99%. There was an increase in the soluble chemical oxygen demand, PO4-P, and NH4-N concentrations of water discharged from the model reactor.
Investigation of supercapacitor cyclic degradation through impedance spectroscopy and Randles circuit model

High power density and long cyclic stability are important characteristics that make supercapacitor suitable for many industrial applications. Measurement of equivalent series resistance and capacitance, is a general way to investigate performance of the Electric Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC). In this work, a Panasonic EDLC (10F) was investigated under cyclic degradation and monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterisation and Randles circuit model. After fitting, it was observed that series resistance was increased up to 80% and parallel capacitance was decreased up to 22%. The EIS data were validated using Kramers‐Kronig Transformation to check causality, linearity, and stability in the system.
Uncertainty analysis of risk-based flood safety standards in the Netherlands through a scenario-based approach

ABSTRACT Flood risk quantification is a complex process involving a chain of models. The approach contains many uncertainties which accumulate in the calculated flood risk. Risk-based flood safety standards are therefore prone to large uncertainty. This study aims to quantify the uncertainty of risk-based flood safety standards for a Dutch riverine case study. Through a systematic approach using expert elicitation, the key uncertainty sources in the Dutch safety standard derivation are identified. Uncertainty magnitudes are quantified for five main sources of uncertainty, after which these uncertainties are propagated through the model chain in a scenario analysis to derive flood safety standards. The results show that the Dutch risk-based flood safety standards are highly uncertain given the relative uncertainty bandwidth of 70%. The flood safety standards are found to be most sensitive to damage function and evacuation uncertainty. Also, we show that the impact of uncertainty strongly depends on local characteristics.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Containing miR-34c Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulates Epithelial Sodium Channel via Targeting MARCKS

Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a pivotal regulator of alveolar fluid clearance in the airway epithelium and plays a key role in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI), which is mainly composed of the three homologous subunits (α, β and γ). The mechanisms of microRNAs in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC-sEVs) on the regulation of lung ion transport are seldom reported. In this study, we aimed at investigating whether miR-34c had an effect on ENaC dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide and explored the underlying mechanism in this process. Primarily, the effect of miR-34c on lung edema and histopathology changes in an ALI mouse model was investigated. Then the uptake of PKH26-labeled sEVs was observed in recipient cells, and we observed that the overexpression of miR-34c in MSC-sEVs could upregulate the LPS-inhibited γ-ENaC expression. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) was one of target genes of miR-34c, the protein expression of which was negatively correlated with miR-34c. Subsequently, either upregulating miR-34c or knocking down MARCKS could increase the protein expression of phospho-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K) and phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT), implying a downstream regulation pathway was involved. All of the above suggest that miR-34c in MSC-sEVs can attenuate edematous lung injury via enhancing γ-ENaC expression, at least partially, through targeting MARCKS and activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway subsequently.
Characterization of the Difficult Peripheral IV in the Perioperative Setting: A Prospective, Observational Study of Intravenous Access for Pediatric Patients Undergoing Anesthesia

Background Various criteria exist for defining difficult intravenous access (DIVA) in infants and children. The current study evaluated the factors associated with DIVA in a prospective cohort of over 1000 infants and children presenting for anesthetic care. Methods This was a prospective, observational study of patients aged 0 to 18 years undergoing elective surgical or radiologic procedures under general anesthesia. Prior to the initial attempt at peripheral intravenous (PIV) cannulation, the anticipated difficulty of PIV catheter placement was determined by the provider using a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 1 to 10. The number of attempts was recorded as well as the time required to achieve PIV access. DIVA was defined as requiring three or more attempts. After successful cannulation, the actual difficulty of the PIV placement was assessed by the provider and recorded using the same VAS. Patient characteristics, including age, race, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical classification, and history of difficult PIV placement, were evaluated as covariates. Results In our cohort of 1002 pediatric patients, 78% of patients were successfully cannulated in a single attempt and 91% of patients were successfully cannulated in two or fewer attempts. Factors associated with requiring three or more PIV attempts included younger age (OR 8.73; 95% CI: 3.38, 22.6 for age <1 year and OR 4.93; 95% CI: 2.05, 11.8 for age 1–3 years), higher ASA physical classification (OR 1.95; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.46 for ASA II), and prior history of difficult PIV placement (OR 3.46; 95% CI: 1.70, 7.08). BMI, racial category or gender were not independent predictors of DIVA. Conclusion We found that approximately 9% of patients required three or more attempts at IV placement in the operating room. Patients that required multiple PIV attempts were more likely to be younger, have a higher ASA classification or a history of difficult PIV placement.
The International Virus Bioinformatics Meeting 2022

The International Virus Bioinformatics Meeting 2022 took place online, on 23–25 March 2022, and has attracted about 380 participants from all over the world. The goal of the meeting was to provide a meaningful and interactive scientific environment to promote discussion and collaboration and to inspire and suggest new research directions and questions. The participants created a highly interactive scientific environment even without physical face-to-face interactions. This meeting is a focal point to gain an insight into the state-of-the-art of the virus bioinformatics research landscape and to interact with researchers in the forefront as well as aspiring young scientists. The meeting featured eight invited and 18 contributed talks in eight sessions on three days, as well as 52 posters, which were presented during three virtual poster sessions. The main topics were: SARS-CoV-2, viral emergence and surveillance, virus–host interactions, viral sequence analysis, virus identification and annotation, phages, and viral diversity. This report summarizes the main research findings and highlights presented at the meeting.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Infection among Suspected Infants in Baghdad

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) virus is a recognized important cause of congenital CMV infection which carries a significant risk for symptomatic disease and developmental defects in newborns. Its prevalence varies from place to other and time to time. This study is conducted to estimate its prevalence in Baghdad among infants suspected of having a congenital infection and to study the associated findings. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out in Al-Alwyia pediatrics teaching hospital. Data were collected, and blood samples were taken for infants suspected to have intrauterine infections over a period of one year, from 1 October 2019 to 1 October 2020. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) tests for CMV were conducted for all collected samples. CMV- immunoglobulin G (IgG) was a further analysis if negative results were obtained for CMV-IgM testing. Samples were tested by Eliza method. Results: The overall positivity for CMV-specific antibodies among suspected infants was 16.7% for IgM and 66 % for IgG. Males constitute 55% of CMV-IgM positive results. These results are statistically significant concerning age groups. 1-3-month age group was the largest (40 % of IgM positive infants) with a p-value of 0.000. This indicates delayed presentation of CMV-affected infants. With the same p-value, 74% of infants less than one month of age were IgG positive reflecting the maternal prevalence of CMV- IgG in an equivalent percentage. Convulsion followed by delayed milestones was the most common presenting symptoms in congenital CMV infection with statistically significant associations. Conclusions: The study indicates that infection with CMV constitutes a significant portion of suspected infants. The study recommends special attention to take steps concerning early management.
The accumulation of particles in ureteric stents is mediated by flow dynamics: Full-scale computational and experimental modeling of the occluded and unoccluded ureter

Ureteric stents are clinically deployed to restore urinary drainage in the presence of ureteric occlusions. They consist of a hollow tube with multiple side-holes that enhance urinary drainage. The stent surface is often subject to encrustation (induced by crystals-forming bacteria such as Proteus mirabilis) or particle accumulation, which may compromise stent's drainage performance. Limited research has, however, been conducted to evaluate the relationship between flow dynamics and accumulation of crystals in stents. Here, we employed a full-scale architecture of the urinary system to computationally investigate the flow performance of a ureteric stent and experimentally determine the level of particle accumulation over the stent surface. Particular attention was given to side-holes, as they play a pivotal role in enhancing urinary drainage. Results demonstrated that there exists an inverse correlation between wall shear stress (WSS) and crystal accumulation at side-holes. Specifically, side-holes with greater WSS levels were those characterized by inter-compartmental fluid exchange between the stent and ureter. These “active” side-holes were located either nearby ureteric obstructions or at regions characterized by a physiological constriction of the ureter. Results also revealed that the majority of side-holes (>60%) suffer from low WSS levels and are, thus, prone to crystals accumulation. Moreover, side-holes located toward the proximal region of the ureter presented lower WSS levels compared to more distal ones, thus suffering from greater particle accumulation. Overall, findings corroborate the role of WSS in modulating the localization and extent of particle accumulation in ureteric stents.
Psychometric analysis of the Escala de Cansancio Emocional in Ecuadorian college students during the COVID-19 outbreak

Academic emotional exhaustion is the first stage of academic burnout syndrome, and it is necessary to evaluate it and intervene early since the consequences are significant for people. The objective of this research is to perform a psychometric analysis of the Emotional Exhaustion Scale (Escala de Cansancio Emocional, ECE) to evaluate its internal structure, measurement invariance, and internal consistency reliability, in a sample of Ecuadorian college students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Four hundred and fifty-three college students from Ecuador participated (76.21 % women) between the ages of 17 and 35 (M = 22.76 years). Results show that the one-dimensional structure has statistical support, is invariant concerning sex, and shows adequate internal consistency reliability. It is concluded that the ECE has adequate psychometric properties that allow its use in Ecuadorian college students.