Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of modification on the strength–weight ratio of standard bevel gears

Abstract Because of the current rapid technological progress, in addition to achieving increased speed and momentum in machine, transmitting more power in a low-noise, lightweight, safe, and economical manner and saving material in gears is crucial. For this purpose, modified bevel gears are common. Therefore, this study investigates bevel gear profile modifications focusing on strength and raw material saving. Herein, three modification designs (Modifications I–III) were modeled using CATIA software. Finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental tests were performed to investigate the effect of the proposed modifications on the gear’s strength. Design and analysis procedures of the modifications were presented. Prototypes of the modified gear pairs were fabricated and subjected to strength and wear tests using a dynamic test device. The fatigue life of each gear pair was determined using nCode software. Modification II reduced the gear root stress by 3.98% relative to the original gear pair. Modification III resulted in 37.30% material saving, accompanied by 6.74% increase in contact stress. No fatigue damage was detected in either modification gear pair. The FEA results were compatible with the analytical, i.e., KISSsoft simulation, and experimental results; furthermore, FEA was found to be advantageous in terms of time and test costs in gear modification. Based on the obtained results for the three modifications, the Modification II gear pair is recommended for mass production.
Hydrogeochemistry Studies in the Oil Sands Region to Investigate the Role of Terrain Connectivity in Nitrogen Critical Loads

Hydrology and geochemistry studies were conducted in the Athabasca Oil Sands region to better understand the water and nitrogen cycles at two selected sites in order to assess the potential for nitrogen transport between adjacent terrain units. A bog—poor fen—upland system was instrumented near Mariana Lakes (ML) (55.899° N, 112.090° W) and a rich fen—upland system was instrumented at JPH (57.122° N, 111.444° W), 100 km south and 45 km north of Fort McMurray, Alberta respectively. LiDAR surveys were initially conducted to delineate the watershed boundaries and topography and to select a range of specific locations for the installation of water table wells and groundwater piezometers. Field work, which included a range of physical measurements as well as water sampling for geochemical and isotopic characterization, was carried out mainly during the thaw seasons of 2011 to 2015. From analysis of the runoff response and nitrogen species abundances we estimate that nitrogen exchange between the wetlands and adjacent terrain units ranged between 2.2 and −3.1 kg/ha/year for rich fens, 0.6 to −1.1 kg/ha/year for poor fens, and between 0.6 and −2.5 kg/ha/year for bogs, predominantly via surface pathways and in the form of dissolved nitrate. A significant storage of dissolved ammonium (and also dissolved organic nitrogen) was found within the pore water of the bog-fen complex at Mariana Lakes, which we attribute to decomposition, although it is likely immobile under current hydrologic conditions, as suggested by tritium distributions. In comparison with the experimental loads of between 5 and 25 kg/ha/year, the potential nitrogen exchange with adjacent terrain units is expected to have only a minor or negligible influence, and is therefore of secondary importance for defining critical loads across the regional landscape. Climate change and development impacts may lead to significant mobilization of nitrogen storages, although more research is required to quantify the potential effects on local ecosystems.
Digital transformation of business model in manufacturing companies: challenges and research agenda

Purpose The challenges of digital transformation (DT) have gained attention from both academics and practitioners, as more manufacturing companies are seeking digital technology implementation. This study, therefore, aims to identify the challenges of DT in manufacturing companies and propose new research directions. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review considering 176 articles (published between 2003 and 2019) was used to build a conceptual framework of DT. Findings A systematized view of challenges regarding organizational commitment, value creation, value proposition, value delivery, value capture, information and technology infrastructure and data security were identified. Moreover, a conceptual framework was developed to summarize the challenges and how they are associated with the business model value architecture and with the DT phases. Research opportunities for future research were also identified, contributing to the advancement of the topic. Originality/value First, the study provides a categorization of the main challenges of DT in manufacturing companies. Second, it identifies research gaps and future research avenues; and finally, it proposes a conceptual framework that aims to support more rigorous studies and guide management decisions regarding an integrative understanding of DT.
Diet Leaves a Genetic Signature in a Keystone Member of the Gut Microbiota

Dietary switch from a low-fat and high-fiber diet to a Western-style high-fat and high-sugar diet is a common cause of microbiota imbalances underlying a variety of pathological conditions (dysbiosis). Although the effects of such dietary changes on microbiota composition and functions are well documented, their putative impact in gut bacterial evolution remains unexplored. Here we followed the emergence of mutations in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prevalent fiber-degrading microbiota member, upon colonization of the murine gut under different dietary regimens. B. thetaiotaomicron evolved rapidly to the gut and Western-style diet selected for mutations that promote the degradation of mucin-derived glycans. Periodic changes in diet led to fluctuations in the frequency of such mutations and were associated with metabolic shifts, resulting in the maintenance of higher intra-species genetic diversity compared to constant dietary regimens. Finally, our results suggest that B. thetaiotaomicron genetic diversity can be a biomarker for dietary differences among individuals.
Comparison of data-driven statistical techniques for cooling demand modelling of electric chiller plants in commercial districts

This paper models and forecasts the cooling demand of centralized chiller plants in commercial districts using different statistical techniques – including OLS, Lasso, ARX, SARIMA, SARIMAX and Cochrane–Orcutt. Direct estimation of the test error using a validation data set is used to compare different techniques and to quantify goodness of fit. As a validation, these statistical techniques are compared for forecasting the cooling demand of the largest chilled water plant on the Colorado School of Mines’ campus. Overall, Cochrane–Orcutt provides the highest accuracy among these techniques, with a lowest MSE, RMSE, CV-RMSE and MBE and highest r 2 value. As a showcase of the capabilities of the developed cooling demand, the predicted demand is coupled with Hydeman et al.’s electric chiller model to predict chiller’s electric demand. The RMSE, CV-RMSE and r 2 of the electric chiller model are 22.7 kWe, 17% and 0.84, respectively.
Refining the Application of Construal Level Theory: Egocentric and Nonegocentric Psychological Distances in Climate Change Visual Communication

ABSTRACT Recent studies have found mixed evidence about the role of psychological distance of climate change in people’s engagement with the issue. To gain more clarity in the application of construal level theory of psychological distance in climate change communication, we used two online experiments to investigate how abstract and concrete construals of climate change imagery may differentially influence people’s perceived psychological distances to the issue. Specifically, we clarified the conceptual differences between two subdimensions (i.e. egocentric and nonegocentric) of psychological distance and showed how the two types differ in climate change communication. Findings also showed that concrete construals of climate change images made participants estimate less egocentric geographical, temporal, and social distances to climate change, which led to greater mitigation behavioral intentions. But this construal-level effect did not exist when participants estimated the nonegocentric distances – the perceived distances between climate change and others (i.e. other locations, other people).
When the arts are not your cup of tea: Participation frequency and experience in cultural activities

Abstract Expressive cultural activities, such as viewing visual art, drama, or dance, are perceived as beneficial to individuals and societies, justifying public funding. However, not everyone benefits and participates equally. We intentionally sampled infrequent and frequent attendees among young adults in the Netherlands. Results indicated that infrequent and frequent attendees differed in expressive cultural activity constraints and socialization, though not on demographic background. Their cultural, social, and emotional experience through self-report and physiological data revealed no significant differences between the groups’ experience of a dramatic performance. These outcomes suggest that, as an example of expressive cultural activity, a dramatic performance experience can be equally emotionally beneficial to frequent and infrequent attendees, an important prerequisite to broader appeal and intergroup contact. Implications of the use of physiological data in leisure experience research are discussed.
For a Better Dictionary: Revisiting Ecolexicography as a New Paradigm

Driven by practical conundrums that users often face in maximizing (e-)dictionaries as a companion resource, this article revisits and redefines ecolexicography as a new paradigm that situates compilers and users in a relational dynamic. Drawing insights from ecolinguistics and cognitive studies, it appeals for rethinking the compiler–user relationship and placing dictionaries in a distributed cognitive system. A multidimensional framework of ecolexicography is proposed, consisting of a micro-level and a macro-level. To the micro-level, both symbolic and cognitive dimensions are added: (1) the dictionary can be symbolically viewed as a semantic and semiotic ecology; (2) dialogicality should be highlighted as an essential aspect of e-dictionary compilation/design, and distributed cognition can be emancipatory for rethinking dictionary use. The macro-level concerns the obligations of lexicographers as committed to three interrelated ecologies or ecosystems: language, socio-culture and nature. Transdisciplinary in nature, ecolexicography involves a holistic, systematic and integrative methodology to nourish lexicographical practice and research. Corpus-based Frame Analysis is introduced to identify ecologically destructive frames and ideologies so that the dictionary discourse could be reframed. The study upgrades our understanding of the ontological, epistemological and methodological aspects related to ecolexicography, serving as a call for philosophical reflections on metalexicography. It is also expected to create an opportunity for lexicographers to examine problems with (e-)dictionaries in a new light and dialogue about how to find solutions.
A New Framework for Modelling Fine Sediment Transport in Rivers Includes Flocculation to Inform Reservoir Management in Wildfire Impacted Watersheds

Fine-grained cohesive sediment is the primary vector for nutrient and contaminant redistribution through aquatic systems and is a critical indicator of land disturbance. A critical limitation of most existing sediment transport models is that they assume that the transport characteristics of fine sediment can be described using the same approaches that are used for coarse-grained non-cohesive sediment, thereby ignoring the tendency of fine sediment to flocculate. Here, a modelling framework to simulate flow and fine sediment transport in the Crowsnest River, the Castle River, the Oldman River and the Oldman Reservoir after the 2003 Lost Creek wildfire in Alberta, Canada was developed and validated. It is the first to include explicit description of fine sediment deposition/erosion processes as a function of bed shear stress and the flocculation process. This framework integrates four existing numerical models: MOBED, RIVFLOC, RMA2 and RMA4 using river geometry, flow, fine suspended sediment characteristics and bathymetry data. Sediment concentration and particle size distributions computed by RIVFLOC were used as the upstream boundary condition for the reservoir dispersion model RMA4. The predicted particle size distributions and mass of fine river sediment deposited within various sections of the reservoir indicate that most of the fine sediment generated by the upstream disturbance deposits in the reservoir. Deposition patterns of sediment from wildfire-impacted landscapes were different than those from unburned landscapes because of differences in settling behaviour. These differences may lead to zones of relatively increased internal loading of phosphorus to reservoir water columns, thereby increasing the potential for algae proliferation. In light of the growing threats to water resources globally from wildfire, the generic framework described herein can be used to model propagation of fine river sediment and associated nutrients or contaminants to reservoirs under different flow conditions and land use scenarios. The framework is thereby a valuable tool to support decision making for water resources management and catchment planning.
ALPN: Active-Learning-Based Prototypical Network for Few-Shot Hyperspectral Imagery Classification

With the development of deep learning, the benchmark of hyperspectral imagery classification is constantly improving, but there are still significant challenges for hyperspectral imagery classification of few-shot scenes. This letter proposes an active-learning-based prototypical network (ALPN), which uses the prototypical network to extract representative features from a few samples. Moreover, it combines semisupervised clustering and active learning methods to select and request labels from valuable examples actively. In this way, the feature extraction ability of the network is gradually optimized. The experimental results validated that the classification accuracy and robustness of ALPN significant exceeded the comparison baselines. Furthermore, because it can be regarded as a sample selection method, ALPN can be easily combined with other models to obtain better classification results.
Anomaly Detection of Operating Equipment in Livestock Farms Using Deep Learning Techniques

In order to establish a smart farm, many kinds of equipment are built and operated inside and outside of a pig house. Thus, the environment for livestock (limited to pigs in this paper) in the barn is properly maintained for its growth conditions. However, due to poor environments such as closed pig houses, lack of stable power supply, inexperienced livestock management, and power outages, the failure of these environment equipment is high. Thus, there are difficulties in detecting its malfunctions during equipment operation. In this paper, based on deep learning, we provide a mechanism to quickly detect anomalies of multiple equipment (environmental sensors and controllers, etc.) in each pig house at the same time. In particular, environmental factors (temperature, humidity, CO2, ventilation, radiator temperature, external temperature, etc.) to be used for learning were extracted through the analysis of data accumulated for the generation of predictive models of each equipment. In addition, the optimal recurrent neural network (RNN) environment was derived by analyzing the characteristics of the learning RNN. In this way, the accuracy of the prediction model can be improved. In this paper, the real-time input data (only in the case of temperature) was intentionally induced above the threshold, and 93% of the abnormalities were detected to determine whether the equipment was abnormal.
Wildlife Conservation through Economically Responsible Ecotourist: The Mediator Roles of Attitude between Anticipated Emotion and Intention to Stay in Local Homestays

If responsible ecotourists stay in a local homestay, this will benefit local people economically and lead to improved wildlife conservation. This study aims to examine the mediator roles of attitudes between anticipated emotion and intention. It was conducted in Penang National Park, Malaysia, and a stratified sampling method was used for collecting the data. In all, 320 sets of questionnaires were analysed using the SPSS Amos 24.0 Statistical Software Package to test the Structural Equation Modelling. The findings show that economically responsible ecotourist attitudes to staying in local homestays for wildlife conservation partially mediate the relationship between anticipated emotion and intention to stay in a local homestay for wildlife conservation. This study suggests that players in the ecotourism industry should incorporate emotional elements in their marketing strategies to promote local homestays to responsible ecotourists, which would benefit local economies.
MOTHER TONGUE AND SOCIAL ANXIETY AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT UPSI, MALAYSIA

Moving abroad as international students would changes the social environment due to language, food, people and cultural diversity in a foreign country. This condition may cause the feeling of social anxiety in their new daily life. At worst, social anxiety might increase problems in cognitive, affective, and behavioral areas. This study aims to describe more about social anxiety among international students of Sultan Idris Education University according to the mother tongue, and gender as additional analysis. Research was designed by quantitative approach using descriptive, t-test and anova analyses. There were 117 International Students who completed the survey using Social Interactions Anxiety Scale (SIAS) for university students. The Anova test result reported, there is a significant difference in social anxiety among international students according to their mother tongue, p= 0.03 (p<0.05) and F = 2.326. International students who have mother tongue, English, seem had the lowest score of social anxiety (mean=2.12), followed by Indonesian (mean=2.54), followed by Korean (mean=2.57), and followed by Chinese (mean= 2.75). This study revealed international language, English, become as one factor that effected social anxiety problems among international students in the university.
Impact of COVID-19 on School Psychology Practices in Canada

In March of 2020, COVID-19 forced schools to close across Canada. While school psychologists typically work directly with students, teachers, and families, nearly all services had to be modified to accommodate the new circumstances. The following brief report presents a summary of the survey responses of 214 Canadian school psychology practitioners on their experience of the COVID-19 shutdown. Nearly all respondents indicated their work experiences had significantly changed since the start of the pandemic, notably through decreases in assessments and mental health interventions. Importantly, respondents also indicated significant decreases in their own mental health/well-being as compared to before the pandemic. Implications for professional practice are discussed.
Coming Out in the Wash: Investigating Manchester’s Public Baths and Wash-houses

ABSTRACT Manchester experienced an astonishing rate of growth from the late 18th century to become the first industrial town in the world by the 1830s. Its industrial prowess was fuelled by remarkable engineering talent that was drawn from across the country, coupled with the migration of workers on a scale that was unprecedented and unforeseen. The living conditions, sanitation and health of the burgeoning ranks of urban poor had become a pressing issue for social concern in many towns by the mid-19th century, and the introduction of public baths and wash-houses was an early attempt at redress. These important facilities represented the first civil-engineering projects that were implemented explicitly for the poor, and some of the earliest in the country were established in Manchester and Salford by private enterprise and combined innovative technology with impressive architectural detailing that exuded civic pride, setting a high standard for later swimming baths. Several of these pioneering public baths have been subject to archaeological excavation since 2014, making an important contribution to understanding this significant but dwindling monument type.
Kidney Pathology and Outcomes in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Retrospective Analysis of 85 Patients

ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) poses a significant risk of kidney failure; kidney biopsy remains a key prognostic tool. The histopathologic classification of AAV glomerulonephritis (GN) developed by Berden et al. showed correlation between GN classes and kidney outcomes; ANCA Renal Risk Score (ARRS) included tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis (TA/IF) as an additional parameter for risk assessment. We aimed to evaluate kidney survival across AAV GN classes and ARRS groups. A single-center retrospective study included 85 adult patients with biopsy-proven AAV kidney disease followed in the period of 2000–2020. Primary outcome was kidney survival at the end of 18 (5; 66) months follow-up, and kidney death was considered as stage 5 CKD. We found significant differences in kidney survival for sclerotic, mixed, crescentic and focal AAV GN classes: 19%, 76.2%, 91.7% and 100%, respectively (p = 0.009). Kidney survival was 0%, 75.6% and 100% for the high-, medium- and low-risk ARRS groups, respectively (p < 0.001); TA/IF analysis showed kidney survival at 49.6% vs. 87.7% for widespread and mild TA/IF, respectively (p = 0.003). Kidney survival was significantly lower in anti-MPO-ANCA versus anti-PR3-ANCA carriers (50.3% and 78.1%, respectively, p = 0.045). We conclude that unfavorable AAV kidney outcomes are associated with sclerotic GN class by Berden’s classification, ARRS high risk group, and anti-MPO-ANCA subtype.
Synergistic integration of three‐dimensional architecture composed of two‐dimensional nanostructure ternary metal oxide for high‐performance hybrid supercapacitors

Constructing electroactive materials with hierarchically structured porous architecture is promising for developing various energy storage electrodes. In particular, the transition metal complexes with this archistructure are potential toward the fabrication of high‐performance hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) due to the rational design and its peculiar Faradic battery‐type charge storage behavior. Herein, we report the hierarchically structured microflowers of ternary nickel cobalt molybdenum oxide (NCMO) assembled by ultrathin nanosheets via a hydrothermal process and the subsequent calcination. The interconnected open network and abundant void space of hierarchically structured flower‐like NCMO are associated with improved electrochemical performance. Consequently, the obtained NCMO electrode achieves the larger specific capacitance (Cs) of 1696 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 than the nickel molybdenum oxide (NMO; 878 F g−1), cobalt molybdenum oxide (CMO; 690 F g−1), NiO (350 F g−1), and Co3O4 (259 F g−1) electrodes, respectively. The electrochemical performances of HSCs, configured using the hierarchically structured ternary NCMO microflower and activated carbon (AC), respectively, are optimized by varying mass ratios of two electrodes. In particular, the NCMO//AC HSCs with 1:3 (D13) mass ratio exhibit the maximum energy and power densities of 51.22 W h kg−1 and 41.67 kW kg−1 with the high‐capacitance retention of 89.29% over 20 000 cycles.