Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cultural norms create a preference for traditional birth attendants and hinder health facility-based childbirth in Indonesia and Ethiopia: a qualitative inter-country study

ABSTRACT Cultural barriers to health facility-based childbirth are a common experience worldwide despite wide variations in context. Close-to-community (CTC) maternal health providers play an important role in bridging communities and health systems and their role in maternal health are particularly key. This study explored the views of CTC maternal health providers and other community members on the cultural barriers to health facility-based childbirth in two districts in Indonesia and six districts of Sidama Zone, southern Ethiopia. Employing a qualitative approach, we conducted 110 semi-structured interviews (SSIs) and 7 focus group discussions (FGDs) in Indonesia; 44 SSIs and 14 FGDs in Ethiopia. Participants in both contexts included mothers, husbands, male community members, traditional birth attendants (TBAs), village heads, local administrators, district health officials, maternal health-care workers and CTC maternal health providers. Despite significant geographical and cultural differences, the main findings were similar in the two countries’ study areas. These included: strong cultural-religious beliefs; culture of shyness and privacy around pregnancy; highly gendered decision-making related to pregnancy and childbirth; and preference for the TBA care. TBAs’ close proximity at the time of childbirth and their adherence to traditional practices were important factors influencing preference for TBAs. These cultural barriers interplay with geographical, transportation and financial factors hindering pregnant women from giving birth at a health facility. Intensifying health promotion on health facility-based childbirth, increasing collaboration among CTC maternal health workers e.g. midwives, health extension workers and TBAs, and enhancing responsiveness to traditional practices may overcome cultural barriers to institutional childbirth in Indonesia and Ethiopia.
Mother’s knowledge, attitude and practice determination of fever Management of children at Home Rural areas of Lahore

Fever is common problem in children. Most these episodes are managed at home unless consultation from a consultant. Mothers' response to fever will depend on their perception of its cause and Knowledge about how it can be manage. The aim of this study is evaluate mothers' perceptions of fever and its Management at home. Methods: This was a community based descriptive study. It involved the distribution of questionnaires of 19 items on fever and related questions to 110 mothers. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The age of 110 mothers who were participated is 19 years to 45 years. Mothers check temperature not from proper place. And gave no proper dose of accurate medicine. Conclusion: Mothers of rural areas of Lahore have good Knowledge about fever however there is need to educate them on the use of thermometer and proper use of drugs. Keywords : Mother s perception, fever, and children DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/67-12 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Latino grandparents’ perception of disagreements with parents in children’s leisure time physical activity

Background: Latino grandparents are often involved in the care and rearing of grandchildren and may help parents in promoting children’s leisure time physical activity (LTPA). However, potential disagreements between grandparents and parents may undermine their collaboration and subsequently their support for children’s LTPA. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore Latino grandparents’ perception of disagreements with parents in children’s (age 2–12) LTPA. Methods: Qualitative data were collected from 53 Latino grandparents in Los Angeles County, USA, using four semi-structured focus groups and 26 semi-structured interviews. Transcribed data were systematically and iteratively coded and analysed. Results: Many Latino grandparents disagreed with parents’ sedentary lifestyle, permissive parenting and lack of support for children’s LTPA. In addition, Latino grandparents described disagreement with parents in specific issues such as children’s LTPA options and safety during LTPA. Conclusion: There were disagreements between Latino grandparents and parents concerning children’s LTPA. Health researchers and practitioners should be aware of those disagreements and consider using education/intervention programmes to reduce the tension between Latino grandparents and parents and increase their collaborative support for children’s LTPA.
DETERMINANTS OF A FUNCTIONAL REFERRAL SYSTEM IN KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVE

Purpose: Most referral health facilities are faced with challenges ranging from congestion of patients at these health facilities, strained/ limited resources (both human and material) to deal with the voluminous patients, slow rate of service delivery to the patients which normally results in compromised quality of medical care provided to the patients. The study therefore aimed to find out the determinants of a functional referral system in two high level health facilities; Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) and Kisumu County Referral Hospital (KCH). Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted using a quantitative approach to data collection. Three hundred and thirty eight out-patient clients were systemically selected to participate in the study. Data was collected using Individual questionnaire. The collected quantitative data were coded and analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 Computer program. The quantitative data were then analyzed using the descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. Results: The research findings revealed that there is a positive significant correlation between primary health facility characteristics (r = 0.474**; P<0.000). It also revealed that there is a positive significant correlation between receiving facility characteristics (r = 0.475**; P<0.000) to a functional referral system. Further Multivariate analysis also revealed a significant association between referral health facility characteristics and a functional referral system, (β3 = .425, P =.000). The results further revealed that there was a negative significant association between receiving health facility characteristics and a functional referral system, (β4 =.-0.156, P < .000). Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The County government of Kisumu should supply adequate drugs and equipment’s to attract more patients seeking medical care services to the primary level facilities. Quality of services offered and general cleanliness at the primary health facilities should also be improved to boost patient’s confidence in them.
The Validity and Reliability of Fitness Tests for Children: A Review

The measurement of physical fitness in children and youth has long been a topic of interest to physical educators, exercise scientists, health agencies, and private organizations dealing with sport and fitness. In recent years the focus on problems in measuring fitness has become more intense due to a number of factors, in particular the need for adequate surveillance studies and the perceived lack of fitness education in the schools. The purpose of this paper is to examine the scientific evidence that supports the use of measurement techniques for fitness evaluation. Physical fitness is described as a scientific construct that is multifaceted. A rationale is presented for the development of an operational definition of fitness that provides a basis for the identification of components of fitness to be measured. The latest versions of national fitness tests are described and compared, and evidence of the reliability and validity of the test batteries as well as individual subtests is summarized. Finally, .
The effect of storage on the yogurt fatty acid profile

The presented study analysed whether refrigerated storage time affects the fatty acid profile, the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans isomers of C18:1 and C18:2 acids in yogurts made from goat, sheep and cow milk. On the 21st day of storage, significant decreases (P<0.05) in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were observed in in yogurts made from cow milk. In yogurts made from sheep and goat milk, the content of these acids fluctuated during storage. The CLA isomer in fresh yogurts ranged from 3.58 mg g-1 fat in yogurts made from sheep milk to 4.47 mg g-1 fat in yogurts made of cow milk. During storage the content of CLA significantly decreased in cow milk yogurts and significantly increased in goat milk yogurts (P<0.05), while it remained more or less unchanged throughout the entire storage period in sheep milk yogurts.
Replication data for: Why Are There Still So Many Jobs? The History and Future of Workplace Automation

T here have been periodic warnings in the last two centuries that automation and new technology were going to wipe out large numbers of middle class jobs. The best-known early example is the Luddite movement of the early 19th century, in which a group of English textile artisans protested the automation of textile production by seeking to destroy some of the machines. A lesser-known but more recent example is the concern over “The Automation Jobless,” as they were called in the title of a TIME magazine story of February 24, 1961:
Characterising the effect of different modes of particle breakage on coarse gangue rejection for an orogenic gold ore

Enrichment and metal deportment metallurgical parameters, indicative of the propensity for a comminuted ore to preferentially concentrate metal into multiple density fractions during coarse particle gangue rejection (CPGR) by float–sink separation technique, were developed and applied. Including, a coarse separation enrichment deportment index (EDI) parameter metric to describe a comminuted ore overall preferential grade by density deportment response. The parameters describe the extent of gangue and value component liberation as a measurable rock property that is a function of both particle breakage regime and downstream separation technique. Ultimately the methodology provides metallurgical metrics for measuring the separation performance by the liberation of gangue in fine crushed comminuted ores. In this study, various laboratory-scale fine crushing mechanical and non-mechanical electric pulse SELFRAG Lab devices treated a Ballarat region gold ore to achieve a particle size of ≤2.00 mm to evaluate ore amenability for CPGR and preconcentration potential.
Clarifying the Interrelations of Residents’ Perceived Tourism-Related Stress, Stressors, and Impacts

While stress has recently been documented as an adverse impact of tourism, it has not been examined alongside traditional tourism impacts to determine their similarities and differences. To clarify the interrelations of these phenomena, we explored whether tourism-related stressors were similar to well-known tourism impacts, and whether perceived tourism impacts increased the likelihood of experiencing tourism-related stress. Residents of O’ahu, Hawai’i, were asked how much tourism impacted them on 36 variables, whether tourism caused them stress, and if so, how. Study findings reveal that tourism-related stressors often correspond with what have been traditionally considered tourism impacts. Moreover, only five of the tourism impact variables predicted the experience of tourism-related stress, and of these only one was a frequently cited stressor. Connecting impacts to stressors expands the possibility that certain tourism impacts could have consequences that go beyond mere opinions and attitudes, as stress has many health and wellness consequences.
Soil Test Based Fertilizer Prescription for Targeted Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Var. Capitata) under Fertigation using Soluble Fertilizers

Sustainable growth in agricultural productivity and production is essential for national, social and economic development in the context of increasing population and assured access to food and nutritional security. Besides, reducing land holdings and increasing the cost of inputs in India leads to the adoption of scientific use of plant nutrient for higher crop productivity. Especially water and nutrients play a very important role in increasing crop productivity. So, precise and judicious use of nutrients and water is important in sustainable agriculture. Fertigation is an attractive technology in modern irrigated agriculture which not only increases yield but also increases fertilizer use efficiency. Fertigation International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
The effect of combination Bifidobacterium sp and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic on egg yolk cholesterol, HDL, and LDL

The purpose of this study to evaluate the effects of combination 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% Lactobacillus acidophilus on egg yolk cholesterol, High density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in hens. Methods: this research using completely randomized design. Sixty layers were randomized into three treatments, each treatment contains four replicates and each replicates contains five hens. Twenty five week-old Isa Brown layers were fed without probiotic (T0), 0.1% antibiotic growth promoters (T1), 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% L. acidophilus (T2) for 30 days. Result: the result showed that there was a significant difference between the control and all treatment groups on egg yolk cholesterol, HDL and LDL. Supplementation of 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% L. acidophilus probiotic decreased the egg yolk cholesterol and LDL (p<0.05) and increased HDL in egg yolk (p<0.05) levels. The lowest egg yolk cholesterol and LDL by supplementation 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% L. acidophilus probiotic (155.86 and 48.46 mg/dL) respectively, compared the control (224.0200 and 58.6300 mg/dL) and the highest egg yolk HDL by supplementation of 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% L. acidophilus probiotic (50.00 mg/dL) compared the control treatment (41.5900 mg/dL). The conclusion of this study was the supplementation of 0.5% Bifidobacterium sp. +0.5% L. acidophilus could improve egg yolk quality of hens.
Financial Constraints, Sectoral Heterogeneity, and the Cyclicality of Investment

While investment in most sectors declines in response to a contractionary monetary policy shock, investment in the manufacturing sector increases. Using manually digitized aggregate income and balance sheet data for the universe of US manufacturing firms, I show this increase is driven by the types of firms which are least likely to be financially constrained. A two-sector New Keynesian model with financial frictions can match these facts; unconstrained firms take advantage of the decline in the user cost of capital caused by the monetary contraction, while constrained firms are forced to cut back. Removing firm financial constraints in the model dampens the response of manufacturing output to monetary shocks by about 25%.
Prevalence of Disability among Hispanic Immigrant Populations: New Evidence from the American Community Survey

Abstract: Using nationally representative data from the 2010–2014 American Community Survey, this paper provides updated disability rates for working and retirement age Hispanics in the United States. Crude and age standardized rates, disaggregated by gender, national origin group and nativity, are calculated for six measures of disability. The older foreign-born Mexican population is also disaggregated by year and age at arrival. Once age structure is controlled for older foreign-born Mexican males have higher rates of disability than non-Hispanic White males, and older foreignborn Mexican females have higher rates than both US-born Mexicans and non-Hispanic White females – findings that are at odds with immigrant health advantage theories. Further, there is limited impact of either selection on age at migration or era of migration among retirement age foreign-born Mexicans. These updated estimates are critical for researchers and policymakers and shed light on a growing population at risk for an immigrant health disadvantage.
Efficient Multitask Structure-Aware Sparse Bayesian Learning for Frequency-Difference Electrical Impedance Tomography

Frequency-difference electrical impedance tomography (fdEIT) was originally developed to mitigate the systematic artifacts induced by modeling errors when a baseline dataset is unavailable. Instead of fine anatomical imaging, only coarse anomaly detection has been addressed in current fdEIT research mainly due to its low spatial resolution. On the other hand, there has been not enough study on fdEIT reconstruction algorithm as well. In this article, we propose an efficient and high-spatial-resolution algorithm for simultaneously reconstructing multiple fdEIT frames corresponding to inject currents with multiple frequencies. The electrical impedance tomography reconstruction problem is considered within a hierarchical Bayesian framework, where both intratask spatial clustering and intertask dependency are automatically learned and exploited in an unsupervised manner. The computation is accelerated by adopting a modified marginal likelihood maximization approach. Real-data experiments are conducted to verify the recovery performance of the proposed algorithm.
Dark carbon fixation in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone contributes to sedimentary organic carbon (SOM)

In response to rising CO2 concentrations and increasing global sea surface temperatures, oxygen minimum zones (OMZ), or “dead zones”, are expected to expand. OMZs are fueled by high primary productivity, resulting in enhanced biological oxygen demand at depth, subsequent oxygen depletion, and attenuation of remineralization. This results in the deposition of organic carbon‐rich sediments. Carbon drawdown is estimated by biogeochemical models; however, a major process is ignored: carbon fixation in the mid‐ and lower water column. Here, we show that chemoautotrophic carbon fixation is important in the Arabian Sea OMZ; and manifests in a 13C‐depleted signature of sedimentary organic carbon. We determined the δ13C values of Corg deposited in close spatial proximity but over a steep bottom‐water oxygen gradient, and the δ13C composition of biomarkers of chemoautotrophic bacteria capable of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox). Isotope mixing models show that detritus from anammox bacteria or other chemoautotrophs likely forms a substantial part of the organic matter deposited within the Arabian Sea OMZ (~17%), implying that the contribution of chemoautotrophs to settling organic matter is exported to the sediment. This has implications for the evaluation of past, and future, OMZs: biogeochemical models that operate on the assumption that all sinking organic matter is photosynthetically derived, without new addition of carbon, could significantly underestimate the extent of remineralization. Oxygen demand in oxygen minimum zones could thus be higher than projections suggest, leading to a more intense expansion of OMZs than expected.
25. Carnitine metabolism in peripheral arterial disease

The atherosclerotic disease process may affect any artery, including the coronary, cerebral or peripheral vessels. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD), atherosclerotic occlusions in the major arteries feeding the lower extremities result in a restricted blood flow to skeletal muscle, particularly during exercise. During walking exercise, PAD patients develop muscle ischemia and the symptom of intermittent claudication that results in an objective impairment in walking ability. The claudication-limited peak oxygen consumption (measured with a graded treadmill exercise test) of PAD patients was typically 12 to 20 mllkglmin [1, 2], or approximately 40-60% of the age predicted maximal oxygen consumption for normal subjects [3]. This profound exercise impairment limits the ability of these patients to perform activities essential for daily living [4]. For example, in a European study, up to 38% of patients under the age of 55 years seeking treatment for claudication considered themselves functionally disabled [5]. The yearly health care costs in the United States for symptomatic PAD averaged $ 3,100 per patient [6], but when interventional therapy was utilized, the costs increase by $11,000 for procedures such as surgery, angioplasty or amputation [7]. This epidemiology has greatly increased the interest in developing new, nonsurgical therapies for PAD [2, 8-10]. In patients with claudication, the hemodynamic severity of the underlying vascular disease (defined by peripheral blood flow or ankle pressure) was not well correlated with treadmill performance [11, 12]. For example, exercise training substantially improved exercise performance without an increase in calf blood flow [2], while an improvement in peripheral blood flow with
Highly specific, multiplexed isothermal pathogen detection with fluorescent aptamer readout

Isothermal, cell-free, synthetic biology-based approaches to pathogen detection leverage the power of tools available in biological systems, such as highly active polymerases compatible with lyophilization, without the complexity inherent to live-cell systems, of which Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification (NASBA) is well known. Despite the reduced complexity associated with cell-free systems, side reactions are a common characteristic of these systems. As a result, these systems often exhibit false positives from reactions lacking an amplicon. Here we show that the inclusion of a DNA duplex lacking a promoter and unassociated with the amplicon, fully suppresses false positives, enabling a suite of fluorescent aptamers to be used as NASBA tags (Apta-NASBA). Apta-NASBA has a 1 pM detection limit and can provide multiplexed, multicolor fluorescent readout. Furthermore, Apta-NASBA can be performed using a variety of equipment, for example a fluorescence microplate reader, a qPCR instrument, or an ultra-low-cost Raspberry Pi-based 3D-printed detection platform employing a cell phone camera module, compatible with field detection.
The relationship between the dietary protein intake and functional ovarian cysts

Summary. Objective: Although ovarian cysts are of an unknown etiology, there is some information about the associated risk factors. To considering the high prevalence of ovarian cysts and the associated complications. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the dietary protein intake and the functional ovarian cysts in women at reproductive age. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 264 women, aged 15-49 years. The case group consisted of women with the functional ovarian cysts (n=132) and the control group included the healthy individuals (n=132). The Pregnant women, females with a prior history of infertility, and the menopausal women were excluded in the study. A demographic questionnaire was used for collecting the patients’ demographic information, medical and midwifery history. The dietary protein intake was measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. For the data analysis, t-test, χ2, and regression analysis were performed, using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean levels of protein intake were 104.62±93.63 and 86.20±41.52 g in the case and control groups, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between the dietary protein intake and the functional ovarian cysts (P=0.04). Conclusion: To considering the direct relationship between high protein consumption and the functional ovarian cysts, appropriate educational programs are needed.