Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SSIM—A Deep Learning Approach for Recovering Missing Time Series Sensor Data

Missing data are unavoidable in wireless sensor networks, due to issues such as network communication outage, sensor maintenance or failure, etc. Although a plethora of methods have been proposed for imputing sensor data, limitations still exist. First, most methods give poor estimates when a consecutive number of data are missing. Second, some methods reconstruct missing data based on other parameters monitored simultaneously. When all the data are missing, these methods are no longer effective. Third, the performance of deep learning methods relies highly on a massive number of training data. Moreover in many scenarios, it is difficult to obtain large volumes of data from wireless sensor networks. Hence, we propose a new sequence-to-sequence imputation model (SSIM) for recovering missing data in wireless sensor networks. The SSIM uses the state-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence deep learning architecture, and the long short-term memory network is chosen to utilize both past and future information for a given time. Moreover, a variable-length sliding window algorithm is developed to generate a large number of training samples so the SSIM can be trained with small data sets. We evaluate the SSIM by using real-world time series data from a water quality monitoring network. Compared to methods like ARIMA, seasonal ARIMA, matrix factorization, multivariate imputation by chained equations, and expectation–maximization, the proposed SSIM achieves up to 69.2%, 70.3%, 98.3%, and 76% improvements in terms of the root mean square error, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and symmetric MAPE, respectively, when recovering missing data sequences of three different lengths. The SSIM is therefore a promising approach for data quality control in wireless sensor networks.
Discovery of minamiite from the Deccan Volcanic Province, India: implications for Martian surface exploration

Discovery of minamiite, a Ca-bearing hydrous sulphate mineral, is reported for the first time in India from the Deccan Volcanic Province at Matanumadh (Kachchh, Gujarat), western India. Minamiite was identified by X-ray diffraction and chemical analyses. The hydrous sulphates at Matanumadh occur associated with Paleocene sediments as soft powdery deposits and consist dominantly of minamiite [(Na,K,Ca) Al 3 (SO 4 ) 2 (OH) 6 ] and natroalunite [NaAl 3 (SO 4 ) 2 (OH) 6 ] with traces of alunite and kaolinite. The geological setting, mineralogy and geochemistry suggest that the sulphate layers at Matanumadh were produced via solfataric alteration of volcanic ash. Hydrous sulphates are abundant on the planet Mars but not common on Earth because they form under extreme conditions (low pH and high Eh). Results of our study suggest that the Deccan Volcanic Province with its gigantic flood basalts of thermal plume origin, craters of both volcanic and impact origin, and hydrous sulphates of secondary origin can serve as a potential Earth analogue for the Mars and the Martian conditions. This may help us better understand the geology of the planet Mars and compare the geologic processes on Mars and the Earth.
Relationship between primary nocturnal enuresis and geometry of nasal cavities

Amaç: Bu çalışmada çocuklarda primer nokturnal enürezis (PNE) ve nazal kavite geometrisi arasındaki muhtemel ilişki araştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: 01.06. 2018 31.07. 2018 tarihleri arasında ikinci basamak bir hastanenin Kulak, Burun, Boğaz polikliniklerine başvuran toplam 150 hasta (78 erkek, 72 kadın; ort. yaş 7.6±1.8 yıl; dağılım, 5-12.5 yıl) çalışmaya alındı. Hastalar PNE olanlar (PNE (+), n=78) ve PNE olmayanlar (PNE (-), n=72) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grup yaş, cinsiyet, boy, kilo, vücut kütle indeksi (VKİ) ve akustik rinometri ölçümleri (ARM) (MCA-1, MCA-2 ve VOL 0-5) açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında değerlendirilen parametrelerin hiçbirinde anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Ancak, MCA-1, MCA-2 ve VOL 0-5 değerleri PNE (-) gruba kıyasla, PNE (+) grupta anlamlı olarak düşüktü. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda nazal açıklık PNE hastalarında daha düşüktü. Bu nedenle, PNE hastalarının medikal tedaviye başlamadan önce nazal obstrüksiyon açısından otolaringolog tarafından değerlendirilmesini önermekteyiz.
Evaluation of the effect of dexmedetomidine versus magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided erector spinae block; a prospective randomized trial

Background & Objectives: Since the introduction of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in 2016 it has been used with success in various thoracic, abdominal, and spine surgeries. Spine surgeries result in significant postoperative pain. Postoperative opioids provide adequate pain control in most of the cases, but some patients continue to suffer from uncontrolled pain. Patients receiving multiple doses of opioids suffer from various side effects including postoperative nausea and vomiting, constipation, and delayed ambulation. We aimed to compare effect of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate given as adjuvants with bupivacaine 0.25% for ESPB. Methodology: It was a prospective randomized single-blinded study including 52 patients divided into 2 groups; one receiving ESPB with a combination of bupivacaine 0.25% plus magnesium sulfate and the other receiving the same block with a combination of bupivacaine 0.25% plus dexmedetomidine. Results: The group receiving bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine had a prolonged postoperative analgesia duration as well as a decreased total opioid consumption (P < 0.05) compared to group receiving bupivacaine 0.25% plus magnesium sulfate, but had a significant decrease in intraoperative pulse rate and blood pressure compared to the group receiving bupivacaine 0.25% plus magnesium sulfate (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although dexmedetomidine results in prolonged postoperative analgesia duration compared to magnesium sulfate when combined with bupivacaine 0.25% in ESPB, its negative effects on hemodynamics should be considered. Trial registration: This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov registry (NCT05694897) on 23/1/2023. Abbreviations: ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologist; ESPB: Erector Spinae Block; ERAS: Enhanced recovery After Surgery; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Sciences; VAS: Visual Analog Score Key words: Erector Spinae Plane Block; Dexmedetomidine; Bupivacaine; Visual Analog Scale Citation: Refaat SA, Abdelmageed WM, Alwedeny HM, Soliman EH, Fouly MA. A randomized comparative trial of ultrasound guided erector spinae block with bupivacaine-magnesium sulphate vs. bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine for lumbar spine surgeries. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(5):425−430; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i5. 2292 Received: July 15, 2023; Reviewed: August 16, 2023; Accepted: August 16, 2023
Entre o fundamental e o contingente: dimensões da gentrificação contemporânea nas operações urbanas em São Paulo* Between the fundamental and the contingent: dimensions of contemporary gentrification in urban operations in São Paulo

Opposing the direct importation of theories, this paper develops an analytical model for the study of gentrification that encompasses both its generalization as the main policy of neoliberal urbanism and its location in specific urban contexts. This analytical model is based on three necessary dimensions that define the process: 1) production of gentrifiable space; 2) socio-economic upgrading with displacement of vulnerable groups; 3) built landscape transformation. The study of urban operations in Sao Paulo demonstrates that these fundamental dimensions are mediated by local structures and, in these cases, they are contextualized in individualized urban projects. This paper, thus, explores the multiple scales of gentrification promotion, and emphasizes that forms of unequal space production and resistance to them are also locally produced.
Morphology and multigene phylogeny reveal three new species of Distoseptispora (Distoseptisporales, Distoseptisporaceae) on palms (Arecaceae) from peatswamp areas in southern Thailand

﻿Abstract Peatswamp forest is a unique habitat that supports high biodiversity, particularly fungal diversity. The current study collected submerged and dead plant parts from Eleiodoxaconferta, Eugeissonatristis and Licualapaludosa from a peatswamp forest in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Morphological features coupled with multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1-α sequence data identified our isolates as new Distoseptispora species (viz. D.arecacearumsp. nov., D.eleiodoxaesp. nov. and D.narathiwatensissp. nov.). Morphological descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided.
The relationship between morphological electrocardiographic characteristics and survival in critical COVID-19 patients

Background: Myocardial damage is a sign of poor prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Electrocardiography (ECG) would be useful to evaluate the effects of ECG findings on survival in severe COVID-19. We studied the relationship of pathological ECG findings in patients of COVID-19 admitted in ICU with other adverse physiological parameters as well as the mortality. Methodology: The study population comprised critical COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients with findings other than normal sinus rhythm, atrial extra beat, and ventricular extra beat were defined as patients with pathological ECG findings. Two groups were formed: patients with pathological ECG findings (n = 109) and patients without pathological ECG findings (n = 84). Data were compared and analysed between the groups. The relationship among the risk factors, and ECG findings with mortality was investigated. Results: The presence of hypertension (69% vs. 40%, OR 5.49, CI 1.71-17.66, P = 0.004), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) (88 vs. 95, OR 0.8, CI 0.7-0.9, P < 0.001) were found to be related to mortality in multivariable analyses. Patients with pathological ECG finding were older [74 (27-98) vs. 61 (22-89); P < 0.001], and more likely to have hypertension (68% vs. 44%, P = 0.001). Pathological ECG findings (66% vs. 51%, P = 0.02), atrial fibrillation (AF) (37% vs. 20%, P = 0.01), right branch bundle block (RBBB) (10% vs. 3%, P = 0.048) were associated with higher mortality in univariable analyses. Conclusion: Although abnormal findings on ECG, especially AF and RBBB, are associated with a poor prognosis, they are not primary effective in increasing the mortality of critical COVID-19 patients. Abbreviations: AF- Atrial Fibrillation; CRP- C-reactive protein; ICU- intensive care unit; RBBB- Right Bundle-Branch Block; RT-PCR- reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; VTE- venous thromboembolism Key words: Atrial Fibrillation; Biomarkers; COVID-19; ECG; Mortality; Right Bundle-Branch Block Citation: Sayan M, Altinisik HB. The relationship between morphological electrocardiographic characteristics and survival in critical COVID-19 patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(1):139−150. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i1. 2385 Received: November 21, 2023; Reviewed: November 30, 2023; Accepted: December 21, 2023
Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions

In many basaltic eruptions, observations show that the effusion rate of magma has a typical dependence on time: the effusion rate curves show first a period of increasing and later a decreasing phase by a maximum value. We present a model to explain this behavior by the emptying of a magma reservoir through a vertical cylindrical conduit with elliptical cross section, coupled with the its widening due to mechanical erosion, produced by the magma flow. The model can reproduce the observed dependence on time of effusion rate in basaltic eruptions. Eruption duration and the maximum value of effusion rate depend on the size of magma chamber, on lava viscosity and strongly on erosion rate per unit traction.
Evaluating Integrated Nutrient Management and Insitu Moisture Conservation in Rainfed Maize (Zea mays L.) Production System

In order to deal with above problems associated with rainfed maize based production system, 15 on-farm trials were conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2001 and 2002, in three (high, medium and low) topo-sequences of Losing (Udaipur, Rajasthan) watershed area with farmers participation. The trials consisted of four treatments viz; farmers practices of cultivation (T1), insitu rainwater management with 50% INM along with other recommended cultural practices and cultivar (T2), insitu rainwater management with 100% INM alongwith recommended cultural practices and cultivar (T3) and treatment T3 + intercropping of blackgram in 2:2 ratio at 30 cm apart (T4).
Resveratrol Alleviates the Early Challenges of Implant-Based Drug Delivery in a Human Glial Cell Model

Brain diseases are oftentimes life-threatening and difficult to treat. The local administration of drug substances using brain implants can increase on-site concentrations and decrease systemic side effects. However, the biocompatibility of potential brain implant materials needs to be evaluated carefully as implants can trigger foreign body reactions, particularly by increasing the microglia and astrocyte reactivity. To date, these tests have been frequently conducted in very simple in vitro models, in particular not respecting the key players in glial cell reactions and the challenges of surgical implantation characterized by the disruption of oxygen and nutrient supply. Thus, we established an in vitro model in which we treated human glial cell lines with reduced oxygen and glucose levels. The model displayed cytokine and reactive oxygen species release from reactive microglia and an increase in a marker of reactive astrocytes, galectin-3. Moreover, the treatment caused changes in the cell survival and triggered the production of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. In this comprehensive platform, we demonstrated the protective effect of the natural polyphenol resveratrol as a model substance, which might be included in brain implants to ease the undesired glial cell response. Overall, a glial-cell-based in vitro model of the initial challenges of local brain disease treatment may prove useful for investigating new therapy options.
Enhancing the Detection of Coastal Marine Debris in Very High-Resolution Satellite Imagery via Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

In this study, we propose a robust debris estimation model applied to satellite imagery that is suitable for practical applications. In our previous study, we proposed a coastal marine debris estimation model using semantic segmentation applied to very high-resolution satellite images. We identified limitations when applying the model to various lower spatial and spectral resolution satellite images or to areas with fewer satellite images cases. To overcome these limitations, we now employed unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) techniques to transfer the earlier model to these lower resolution or fewer satellite images. These domain adaptation techniques consider differences in spatial feature distributions and/or satellite sensor characteristics. We confirmed the ability of UDA to classify Planet Skysat and Airbus Pleiades images using MAXAR WorldView images to generate an accurate segmentation map. The UDA, then, allows us to analyze the lower satellite images without the need to independently generate new segmentation labels. We conducted statistical analyses and demonstrated the high correlation between the local debris cleanup data and entropy metrics computed using our UDA approach. Our method enhances the sampling frequency of satellite images by analyzing lower resolution imagery, allowing monthly to weekly, or even daily intervals, and facilitates rapid estimation utilizing fewer images, thereby providing an invaluable tool for coastal debris characterization and assessment.
Evaluation of the Success of Autogenous Block Grafting in Atrophic Maxillary and Mandibular Ridges Prior to and After Implant Placement

Background: Dental implantology's success relies on adequate bone volume and quality, necessitating bone augmentation for implant placement. Primary lateral bone augmentation, utilizing autogenous block grafts, addresses horizontal bone loss. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of autogenous block grafting, specifically ramus and fibula blocks, in addressing severe atrophic ridges before and after implant placement. Methods: Twenty-one patients underwent block grafting, predominantly using the ramus technique (80/20 ratio). CBCT measurements assessed horizontal grafting outcomes. Implant success and bone volume changes were analyzed. Results: Post-grafting, bone width increased from 1.8-3.1 mm to 4.5-6 mm, exceeding critical thresholds. Implant success reached 95%, indicating the grafting techniques' effectiveness. Conclusion: Autogenous block grafting, especially with ramus and fibula blocks, transforms severe atrophic ridges, enabling successful implant integration. Long-term follow-up is essential for a comprehensive evaluation. Clinical relevance: This study provides crucial insights into autogenous block grafting's transformative impact on challenging cases, guiding future applications in reconstructive dentistry.
Ocular Surface Characteristics in Pugs with Pigmentary Keratitis in the Canary Islands, Spain

Simple Summary The problem addressed in this study is the development of pigmentary keratitis (PK) in Pug-breed dogs, a condition characterized by corneal pigmentation and associated with ocular manifestations and vision loss. The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of PK in Pug dogs, identify predisposing factors, and evaluate the tear film quantity and quality in affected dogs. The study found that the prevalence of PK was high in dogs, with 94.5% of eyes showing PK. The severity of corneal pigmentation varied, with very mild (20.3%), mild (16.4%), moderate (38.2%), and severe (25.1%) categories observed. Age and previous ocular diseases were identified as potential risk factors for the development of severe PK. The main conclusion of the study is that PK in Pug-breed dogs in the Canary Islands has a high prevalence and may have a genetic basis. Our most relevant contribution is the evaluation based on the Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) test and the Tear Ferning Test (TFT). This information can be valuable to society by helping veterinarians diagnose and treat PK in Pugs and potentially prevent the disease through genetic screening and breeding practices. Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of pigmentary keratitis (PK) in Pug-breed dogs and described the ocular surface characteristics associated with this disease. A total of 219 eyes from 110 dogs were examined, with 94.5% of them affected by PK. Age, previous ocular diseases, corneal vascularization, and corneal sensitivity were significantly associated with the presence of PF and the severity of corneal pigmentation. The study also found that low tear production and blinks incomplete with tear signs, as well as reduced corneal sensitivity, were linked to more severe forms of corneal pigmentation. The Tear Ferning Test (TFT) was identified as a valuable tool for evaluating tear quality in dogs, with worse test results indicating a higher risk of severe PK. A lower mean Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) test was observed in dogs with PK. Additionally, the study observed a statistically significant difference in corneal thickness between the nasal and temporal zones, with the nasal zone being thicker. It was also suggested that sex and fertility status may influence the incidence of PK and the severity of corneal pigmentation. Overall, these findings provide insight into the underlying causes of PK in Pugs and can inform future treatment strategies for this breed.
Novel Glycomimetics Protect against Glycated Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Vascular Calcification In Vitro via Attenuation of the RAGE/ERK/CREB Pathway

Heparan sulphate (HS) can act as a co-receptor on the cell surface and alterations in this process underpin many pathological conditions. We have previously described the usefulness of mimics of HS (glycomimetics) in protection against β-glycerophosphate-induced vascular calcification and in the restoration of the functional capacity of diabetic endothelial colony-forming cells in vitro. This study aims to investigate whether our novel glycomimetic compounds can attenuate glycated low-density lipoprotein (g-LDL)-induced calcification by inhibiting RAGE signalling within the context of critical limb ischemia (CLI). We used an established osteogenic in vitro vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) model. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), sclerostin and glycation levels were all significantly increased in CLI serum compared to healthy controls, while the vascular calcification marker osteocalcin (OCN) was down-regulated in CLI patients vs. controls. Incubation with both CLI serum and g-LDL (10 µg/mL) significantly increased VSMC calcification vs. controls after 21 days, with CLI serum-induced calcification apparent after only 10 days. Glycomimetics (C2 and C3) significantly inhibited g-LDL and CLI serum-induced mineralisation, as shown by a reduction in alizarin red (AR) staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Furthermore, secretion of the osteogenic marker OCN was significantly reduced in VSMCs incubated with CLI serum in the presence of glycomimetics. Phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was significantly increased in g-LDL-treated cells vs. untreated controls, which was attenuated with glycomimetics. Blocking CREB activation with a pharmacological inhibitor 666-15 replicated the protective effects of glycomimetics, evidenced by elevated AR staining. In silico molecular docking simulations revealed the binding affinity of the glycomimetics C2 and C3 with the V domain of RAGE. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that novel glycomimetics, C2 and C3 have potent anti-calcification properties in vitro, inhibiting both g-LDL and CLI serum-induced VSMC mineralisation via the inhibition of LDLR, RAGE, CREB and subsequent expression of the downstream osteogenic markers, ALP and OCN.
The MorPhEMe Machine: An Addressable Neural Memory for Learning Knowledge-Regularized Deep Contextualized Chinese Embedding

Deep contextualized embeddings, as learned by large pre-training models, have proven highly effective in various downstream natural language processing tasks. However, the embedding space in these large models lacks explicit regularization, leading to underfitting and substantial costs during large-scale training on huge corpora. In this paper, we present a novel approach to learning deep contextualized embeddings, introducing linguistic knowledge regularization. Specifically, our proposed model, MorPhEMe (Morphology and Phonology Embedding Memory), features an external addressable memory with two additional addressable memories for storing morphology and phonology knowledge. MorPhEMe can be seamlessly stacked into a deep architecture. Notably different from existing pre-training models, MorPhEMe boasts two distinctive features: i) compositional encoding and decompositional decoding facilitated by a dynamic addressing mechanism; and ii) explicit memory embedding regularization through cross-layer memory sharing. Theoretical analysis suggests that the inclusion of morphology and phonology enables MorPhEMe to reduce the modeling complexity of natural language sequences. We evaluate MorPhEMe across a diverse set of Chinese natural language processing tasks, including language modeling, word similarity computation, word analogy reasoning, relation extraction, and machine reading comprehension. Experimental results demonstrate that MorPhEMe, in contrast to state-of-the-art models, achieves remarkable improvements with fewer parameters and rapid convergence.