Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting 90-Day Outcome After Thrombectomy: Baseline-Adjusted 24-Hour NIHSS Is More Powerful Than NIHSS Score Change

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) measured at an early time point is an appealing surrogate marker for long-term functional outcome of stroke patients treated with endovascular therapy. However, definitions and analytical methods for an early NIHSS-based outcome measure that optimize power and precision in clinical studies are not well-established. Methods: In this post-hoc analysis of our prospective observational study that enrolled endovascular therapy-treated patients at 12 comprehensive stroke centers across the US, we compared the ability of 24-hour NIHSS, ΔNIHSS (baseline minus 24-hour NIHSS), and percentage change (NIHSS×100/baseline NIHSS), analyzed as continuous and dichotomous measures, to predict 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) using logistic regression (adjusted for age, baseline NIHSS, glucose, hypertension, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, time to recanalization, recanalization status, and intravenous thrombolysis) and Spearman ρ. Results: Of 485 patients in the BEST (Blood Pressure After Endovascular Stroke Therapy) cohort, 446 (92%) with 90-day follow-up data were included. An absolute 24-hour NIHSS, adjusted for baseline in multivariable modeling, had the highest predictive power of all definitions evaluated (aR2 0.368 and adjusted odds ratio 0.79 [0.75–0.84], P<0.001 for mRS score 0–2; aR2 0.444 and adjusted odds ratio 0.84 [0.8–0.86] for ordinal mRS). For predicting mRS score of 0–2 with a cut point, the second most efficient approach, the optimal threshold for 24-hour NIHSS score was ≤7 (sensitivity 80.1%, specificity 80.4%; adjusted odds ratio 12.5 [7.14–20], P<0.001), followed by percent change in NIHSS (sensitivity 79%, specificity 58.5%; adjusted odds ratio 4.55 [2.85–7.69], P<0.001). Conclusions: Twenty-four–hour NIHSS, adjusted for baseline, was the strongest predictor of both dichotomous and ordinal 90-day mRS outcomes for endovascular therapy-treated patients. A dichotomous 24-hour NIHSS score of ≤7 was the second-best predictor. Although ΔNIHSS, continuous and dichotomized at ≥4, predicted 90-day outcomes, absolute 24-hour NIHSS definitions performed better.
Thyroglobulin as a negative marker for malignancy in canine and human breast tumors

Canine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) are the most common tumor type in female dogs. This study evaluated the expression pattern and role of thyroglobulin (Tg) in CMT and in human breast cancer (HBC). CMT samples were subjected to fine‐needle aspiration, primary cell culture, and histopathology. The expression level of Tg was higher in benign CMT than in malignant CMT (mCMT) primary cells, particularly in the epithelial lineage. Moreover, treatment with Tg enhanced the sensitivity of doxorubicin in mCMT epithelial cells and mitigated proinflammatory response by increasing nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2). The proximal region of the Tg promoter was hypermethylated in mCMT epithelial cells, silencing Tg expression with concurrent downregulation of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant signaling. An identical pattern of Tg expression was observed in cytological and tissue samples. Tissue microarray analysis showed that Tg was highly expressed in normal and benign tissues when compared with their malignant counterparts, which was diminished along with higher histological grades. The survival rate was significantly higher in HBC patients with high Tg expression than those with low Tg expression. This study also showed that the progression of HBC is accompanied by the reduction of Tg expression along with augmentation of proinflammatory signaling. Our data suggested that Tg could be a negative indicator of malignancy in canine and human breast neoplasia
Nutritional geometry of female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Primate foraging is influenced by the spatial and temporal distribution of foods, which may facilitate or constrain optimal nutrient intakes. Chimpanzees are frugivorous primates that mainly subsist on ripe fruit that is typically low in available protein (AP) and high in easily digestible carbohydrates. Because chimpanzees prefer ripe fruit and often eat it in large quantities compared with other foods, we hypothesized that protein intake would be tightly regulated while non‐protein energy (NPE) would vary with fruit intake. To test this hypothesis, we conducted all‐day follows on female chimpanzees, recorded all types of food consumed (i.e., drupes, figs, and non‐fruit foods), estimated the nutritional contributions of these foods to daily NPE and AP intake and investigated how the ratio of NPE to AP varied due to changes in the types of foods consumed. Although the proportions of drupes, figs, and non‐fruit foods varied in their diets, female chimpanzees maintained a relatively stable intake of AP while intake of NPE varied depending on the daily diet, demonstrating that like other frugivorous primates studied to date, chimpanzees prioritize protein. The mean daily ratio of NPE to AP was 7:1, which is similar to that of other frugivorous primates studied. Our results support the hypothesis that frugivorous animals may generally prioritize AP, while maximizing NPE intake within that constraint, and could shed light on aspects of human dietary evolution.
Temporal and spatial variations of three dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent area during summer and winter

Environmental context Dimethylsulfide is a biogeochemically important sulfur gas emitted from the oceans that can lead to aerosol formation, thereby affecting earth albedo and climate. Studies on the biogeochemistry of dimethylsulfide and its precursors and oxidation products in coastal waters can link the atmospheric chemistry of dimethylsulfide with the bioavailable organic sulfur pool in the oceans. The ensuing information is essential for understanding the biogeochemical dynamics of sulfur and its global cycles. Abstract The spatiotemporal distribution patterns of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and chlorophyll a (Chl-a), as well as the oceanographic parameters influencing the concentrations of DMS, DMSP and DMSO, were measured in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent area during two cruises from 21 February to 10 March 2014 and from 10 to 22 July 2014. The concentrations of DMS and DMSP showed significant seasonal variation, i.e. higher values in summer than in winter. This result corresponded well with the seasonal change in Chl-a in the study area. The distribution of dissolved DMSO (DMSOd) decreased significantly with distance from shore, suggesting a primary source of terrestrial and riverine inputs. The seasonal variations of both DMSOd and particulate DMSO (DMSOp) were weaker than other sulfur compounds. Significant relationships were observed between DMS, particulate DMSP (DMSPp), DMSOp and Chl-a, suggesting that phytoplankton biomass plays an important role in controlling the distributions of DMS, DMSP and DMSO in the study area. The positive relationship between DMSPp and DMSOp suggested similar sources and cellular functions in algae, whereas the oxidation of DMS to DMSOd appeared to be a predominant source of DMSOd in winter in the area adjacent to the river mouth. The average sea-to-air fluxes of DMS in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent area were 0.37 and 1.70 µmol m–2 day–1 in winter and summer respectively; these values are much lower than those in other continental shelf seas.
Validating the revised Symptom Impact Questionnaire with a proposed fibromyalgia phenotype using experimentally-induced pain and patient self-reports.

OBJECTIVES The Symptom Impact Questionnaire (SIQR), now used for over a decade, has strong psychometric properties based on patients' subjective questionnaire data and correlations with other general measures of severity. However, the construct validity of the SIQR in assessing the central features of fibromyalgia (FM) has not been tested specifically with more objective measures. This study examined the construct validity of the SIQR using clinical examination of prominent features of FM, as well as patient questionnaire data. METHODS We determined if SIQR severity groups (low, moderate, high severity) in 158 chronic pain patients (50 FM, 108 Pain/No FM) predicted four central features of FM tenderness and pain: digital palpation tenderness, blood pressure cuff evoked pain, widespread pain locations, and a persistent deep ache question. RESULTS Low, moderate, and high SIQR severity groups showed concomitant increases in tenderness in response to digital evoked palpation (F=23.5; p<.0000; ηp2=.23; MR=.54), blood pressure cuff evoked pain (F=17.0; p.<.0000; ηp2=.18; MR=.48) and number of pain location (F=38.8.; p<.0000; ηp2=.33; MR.59). Strongest differences in SIQR severity were found in response to the question, "I have a persistent deep aching over most of my body" (F=87.5; p.<.0000; ηp2=.53; MR=.74). CONCLUSIONS The SIQR strongly predicts the central features of FM tenderness and pain including its widespreadness and its multifaceted character. We propose that tenderness, both locally and over most of the body, attendant to the SIQR is the hallmark of the FM phenotype: tenderness is focal, diffuse, deep, and superficial.
Serum Urea and Creatinine in Diabetic and non-diabetic Subjects

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of chronic renal failure. After many years of diabetes the delicate fi ltering system in the kidney becomes gradually destroyed, initially becoming leaky to larger blood proteins such as albumin which are then lost in the urine. Both serum urea and creatinine are widely used to assess the function of kidney. This study was conducted to establish relationship of blood sugar level with urea and creatinine levels, in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from 2064-4-4 to 2064-7-1 in pathology department of Bharosa diagnostic and research centre.103 diabetic samples and 49 control samples were analyzed for serum urea, creatinine and sugar. Results: 18 out of 103 diabetes samples have high urea level whereas 11 out of 103 had increased creatinine level. In control only one sample had high urea value and two had high creatinine level. There was statistical signifi cant increased in urea level with increased in blood sugar level (p<0.05, 95%CI) Conclusion: Strong relationship of blood urea level was found with blood sugar level. To monitor the diabetes patients, estimation of blood urea level along with blood sugar level could be important.
A multi-predictor model to predict risk of scleroderma renal crisis in systemic sclerosis: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study.

OBJECTIVES Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is a life-threatening syndrome. The early identification of patients at risk is essential for timely treatment to improve the outcome. Therefore, it is of great interest to provide a personalised tool to predict risk of SRC in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS We tried to set up a SRC prediction model based on the PKUPH-SSc cohort of 302 SSc patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression was used to optimise disease features. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build a SRC prediction model incorporating the features of SSc selected in the Lasso regression. Then, a multi-predictor nomogram combining clinical characteristics was constructed and evaluated by discrimination and calibration, with further assessment by external validation in a validation cohort composed of 400 consecutive SSc patients from other 4 tertiary hospitals. RESULTS A multi-predictor nomogram for evaluating the risk of SRC was successfully developed. In the nomogram, four easily available predictors were contained, including disease duration <2 years, cardiac involvement, anaemia and corticosteroid >15mg/d exposure. The nomogram displayed good discrimination with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.843 (95% CI: 0.797-0.882) and good calibration. High AUC value of 0.854 (95% CI: 0.690-1.000) could still be achieved in the external validation. The model is now available online for research use. CONCLUSIONS The multi-predictor nomogram for SRC could be reliably and conveniently used to predict the individual risk of SRC in SSc patients, and be a step towards more personalised medicine.
Lactobacillus plantarum Reduces Low-Grade Inflammation and Glucose Levels in a Mouse Model of Chronic Stress and Diabetes

This study aimed to examine the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum, a lactic acid bacteria strain isolated from kimchi, on the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exacerbated by chronic stress. C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) and randomized into an HFD group or a group that was fed an HFD and subjected to chronic cold exposure-related stress (HFDS), or mice were fed a normal diet (ND) and randomized into an ND group or a group that was fed an ND and subjected to chronic cold exposure-related stress (NDS). Lactobacillus plantarum LRCC5310 (108, 1010 CFU) and LRCC5314 (108, 1010 CFU) as well as L. gasseri BNR17 (108 CFU), as a positive control, were administered orally twice every day to all the mice for 12 weeks. ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum, a lactic acid bacteria strain isolated from kimchi, on the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exacerbated by chronic stress. C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) and randomized into an HFD group or a group that was fed an HFD and subjected to chronic cold exposure-related stress (HFDS), or mice were fed a normal diet (ND) and randomized into an ND group or a group that was fed an ND and subjected to chronic cold exposure-related stress (NDS). Lactobacillus plantarum LRCC5310 (108, 1010 CFU) and LRCC5314 (108, 1010 CFU) as well as L. gasseri BNR17 (108 CFU), as a positive control, were administered orally twice every day to all the mice for 12 weeks. The expression of Glut4 and adiponectin, main glucose transporter-related genes, was upregulated in the LRCC5310- and LRCC5314-treated groups. Levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) and of mRNAs of proinflammatory genes (Tnf-α, Il-6, Ccl2, leptin) were elevated in HFDS mice. The expression of proinflammatory genes was downregulated in LRCC5310- and LRCC5314-treated groups; this was not the case for Tnf-α expression in HFDS mice. Levels of serum corticosterone and mRNA levels of stress-related genes (Npy, Y2r) were decreased in lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-fed groups, with only LRCC5314 downregulating Npy expression in HFDS mice. These results suggest that the LAB strains can normalize the expression of metabolic genes, inhibit inflammatory responses, and suppress stress in HFDS mice.
Chronic bronchial infection and incident cardiovascular events in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A long‐term observational study

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are frequent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Likewise, chronic bronchial infection (CBI) is also frequent in COPD and it is associated with systemic inflammation, a well‐known CV risk factor. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between CBI, systemic inflammation and incident CV events.
Research on the phenolic compounds in sarilop (Ficus carica L.) fig variety.

Phenolic compounds are food components that have the features which are called anticarsinogenic, antioxidative, antimutagenic, holding the free radicals and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Fig is an edible fruit that growns in the tropic and subtropic areas. Sar›lop is a variety of fig that has long been associated with horticulture in the Eagean region of Turkey. Ten samples of fresh fig and ten samples of dried fig supplied from different manufacturers in Turkey were analyzed to determine their total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH and FRAP radical scavenging activity, qualitative and quantitative phenolic compounds by HPLC. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, syringic acid, rutin and psoralen were determined in fresh and dried figs by HPLC. It was determined that the major phenolic compound is (-)-epicatechin. Statistically difference between different sorts of fig are significant (P< 0.05). The amount of polyphenol is higher in fresh figs compared to dried ones.
Effects of Hydrocooling on the Quality of Fresh Longan Fruits cv. Daw

One-day-old fresh longan fruits (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Daw) were selected. The fruits were placed in 3-kg perforated plastic crates of commercial scale for each treatment. The treatments were: no pre-cooling, tap water immersion, pre-cooling with cold water 50, 100 and 200 ppm chlorine and also without chlorine. The cooling was for 10 min, and the final temperature of longan fruits reached 5˚C. The effects of the hydrocooling treatments on the quality and decay of the fruits during storage at 5˚C and 93 % relative humidity (RH) for three weeks were determined. By pre-treatment with cold water plus 50 ppm chlorine, the longan fruits showed significantly decreased peel browning and fruit decay in comparison to no pre-cooling and tap water immersion treatments. With this treatment, the fruits maintained the highest L* value both of the inner and outer peel, soluble solids content (SSC) in flesh, high sensory evaluation and peel desiccation was prevented. Therefore, the treatment could extend the storage life of longan fruits. Pre-cooling with no chlorine did not prevent fruit decay caused by fungi. Higher chlorine concentrations, 100 and 200 ppm, increased peel
Structural Knowledge Distillation: Tractably Distilling Information for Structured Predictor

Knowledge distillation is a critical technique to transfer knowledge between models, typically from a large model (the teacher) to a more fine-grained one (the student). The objective function of knowledge distillation is typically the cross-entropy between the teacher and the student’s output distributions. However, for structured prediction problems, the output space is exponential in size; therefore, the cross-entropy objective becomes intractable to compute and optimize directly. In this paper, we derive a factorized form of the knowledge distillation objective for structured prediction, which is tractable for many typical choices of the teacher and student models. In particular, we show the tractability and empirical effectiveness of structural knowledge distillation between sequence labeling and dependency parsing models under four different scenarios: 1) the teacher and student share the same factorization form of the output structure scoring function; 2) the student factorization produces more fine-grained substructures than the teacher factorization; 3) the teacher factorization produces more fine-grained substructures than the student factorization; 4) the factorization forms from the teacher and the student are incompatible.
ON THE HAUSDORFF MEASURE OF SHRINKING TARGET SETS ON SELF‐CONFORMAL SETS

In this article, we study the Hausdorff measure of shrinking target sets on self-conformal sets. The Hausdorff dimension of the sets we are interested in here was established by Hill and Velani in 1995. However, until recently, little more was known about the Hausdorff measure of these particular sets. In this paper we provide a complete characterisation of the Hausdorff measure of these sets, obtaining a dichotomy for the Hausdorff measure which is determined by the convergence or divergence of a sum depending on the radii of our "shrinking targets". Our main result complements earlier work of Levesley, Salp, and Velani~(2007), and recent work of Baker (2019).
Infrared absorbing nanoparticle impregnated self-heating fabrics for significantly improved moisture management under ambient conditions

Propensity of a textile material to evaporate moisture from its surface, commonly referred to as the ‘moisture management’ ability, is an important characteristic that dictates the applicability of a given textile material in the activewear garment industry. Here, an infrared absorbing nanoparticle impregnated self-heating (IRANISH) fabric is developed by impregnating tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanoparticles into a polyester fabric through a facile high-pressure dyeing approach. It is observed that under simulated solar radiation, the impregnated ITO nanoparticles can absorb IR radiation, which is effectively transferred as thermal energy to any moisture present on the fabric. This transfer of thermal energy facilitates the enhanced evaporation of moisture from the IRANISH fabric surface and as per experimental findings, a 54 ± 9% increase in the intrinsic drying rate is observed for IRANISH fabrics compared with control polyester fabrics that are treated under identical conditions, but in the absence of nanoparticles. Approach developed here for improved moisture management via the incorporation of IR absorbing nanomaterials into a textile material is novel, facile, efficient and applicable at any stage of garment manufacture. Hence, it allows us to effectively overcome the limitations faced by existing yarn-level and structural strategies for improved moisture management.
Model reduction by mean-field homogenization in viscoelastic composites. III. Dual theory

The mean-field homogenization scheme for viscoelastic composites proposed by Lahellec & Suquet (2013 Int. J. Plasticity 42, 1–13 (doi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.09.005)) is revisited from the standpoint recently adopted in a companion paper (Idiart MI et al. 2020 Proc. R. Soc. A 20200407 (doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0407)). It is shown that the scheme generates a reduced-order approximation wherein the microscopic kinetics of the composite are described in terms of a finite set of macroscopic forces identified with the phase averages and intraphase covariances of the various microscopic force fields, which can be evaluated by mean-field homogenization techniques. The approximation exhibits a two-potential structure with a convex complementary energy density but a non-convex force potential. The consequential properties of the approximation are exposed and their implications are discussed. The exposition is supplemented by proofs of equivalence between the present scheme and other candidate schemes proposed in the literature for composites with elementary local rheologies of Maxwellian type.
Transgenerational plasticity and the capacity to adapt to low salinity in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica

Salinity conditions in oyster breeding grounds in the Gulf of Mexico are expected to drastically change due to increased precipitation from climate change and anthropogenic changes to local hydrology. We determined the capacity of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, to adapt via standing genetic variation or acclimate through transgenerational plasticity (TGP). We outplanted oysters to either a low- or medium-salinity site in Louisiana for 2 years. We then crossed adult parents using a North Carolina II breeding design, and measured body size and survival of larvae 5 dpf raised under low or ambient salinity. We found that TGP is unlikely to significantly contribute to low-salinity tolerance since we did not observe increased growth or survival in offspring reared in low salinity when their parents were also acclimated at a low-salinity site. However, we detected genetic variation for body size, with an estimated heritability of 0.68 ± 0.25 (95% CI). This suggests there is ample genetic variation for this trait to evolve, and that evolutionary adaptation is a possible mechanism through which oysters will persist with future declines in salinity. The results of this experiment provide valuable insights into successfully breeding low-salinity tolerance in this commercially important species.