Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Effect of the Quality Management System on the Export of Small Production Units
(Case Study: Standards and Industrial Research Office of Semnan Province)

The purpose of this study was to identify ways to increase exports by measuring the effect of the quality management system. The question is; how much effect the establishment of quality management system has in production and industrial units? This is an applied research study, and method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population is consisted of small industrial units under supervision of the General Department of Standards and Industrial Research in Semnan Province. Data have been collected by using a researcher questionnaire containing 26 questions and were distributed among quality control authorities and representatives of the Office of Standards and Industrial Research of Semnan production units for a total of 40 units. Validity was confirmed according to the professors, experts and based on compatibility and reliability was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient and through a sufficient number of respondents confirmed prior to the test. Inferential statistics was used for hypothesis testing normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic (ks) and t-test was used to examine the relationship between variables. The results suggest the establishment of a quality management system has effect on indicators exports, commodity prices, international standards, increase sales and durable goods indexes. But this system was not effective on the training and motivating of human resources and it had no significant difference.
RESEARCH STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM TECHNOLOGY IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

It becomes more and more challenging to satisfy the long-term demand of transmission capacity in wireless networks if we limit our research within the frame of traditional electromagnetic wave characteristics (e.g., frequency, amplitude, phase and polarization). The potential of orbital angular momentum (OAM) for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of commercial communication systems is generating great interest in wireless communication field. The OAM vortex wave/beam has different topological charges, which are orthogonal to each other. It provides a new way for multiplexing in wireless communications. Electromagnetic wave or synthetic beam carrying OAM has a spiral wavefront phase structure, which may provide a new degree of freedom or better orthogonality in spatial domain. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental theory of OAM. Then, OAM generation and reception methods are equally demonstrated. Furthermore, we present the latest development of OAM in wireless communication. We further discuss the controversial topic “whether OAM provides a new degree of freedom” and illustrate our views on the relationship between OAM and MIMO. Finally, we suggest some open research directions of OAM.
Plasma temperature from ion kinetic energies and implications for the source of diatomic oxide ions in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Ion kinetic energies have been measured for a suite of atomic ions and diatomic oxide ions as a function of nebulizer flow for an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The mass dependence of the ion energies is interpreted to yield estimates for the gas kinetic plasma temperature. The results provide a temperature profile for the plasma through the region of significant ion density. The plasma temperature derived from the atomic ion kinetic energies falls through this region from a high of about 6800 K at low nebulizer flows to about 3300 K at high flows. The plasma temperature derived from the oxide ion energies is lower than that derived from the atomic ion energies by about 500 K at most nebulizer flow rates. The results are discussed in terms of the source of the oxide ions. It is argued that the dominant source of the observed oxide ions is not within the interface which extracts the plasma into the mass spectrometer. The results are consistent with a model that envisages the plasma as a turbulent reactor containing pockets of cooler gas in which oxide ion formation and persistence are promoted. They are also consistent with a model that associates the oxide ions with the cooler region in the vicinity of vaporizing droplets and particles.
Devolatilization Kinetics of Miscanthus Straw from Thermogravimetric Analysis

The thermal degradation, reactivity, emission characteristics, and kinetics of Miscanthus straw under inert atmosphere were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates. The thermal decomposition of Miscanthus straw occurs within a temperature ranging between 180°C and 600°C. Miscanthus has the highest reactivity compared to different agriculture residues tested in the same sequence. Assuming the addition of three independent parallel reactions corresponding to three pseudocomponents linked to the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, three-pseudocomponent models were used to simulate the Miscanthus straw devolatilization. The presented data may have a contribution in developing energy recovery systems using Miscanthus straw as a feedstock.
Differential diffusion in jets using joint PLIF and Lorenz-Mie imaging

Abstract Differential diffusion between species often substantially effects the results of laboratory-scale experiments in turbulent combustion. The present work documents these effects for a simple jet flow by simultaneous 2D imaging of LIF from biacetyl and Lorenz-Mie scattering from submicron TiO2 particles, at low to moderate Reynolds numbers. This novel technique, involving a frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser and two slow-scan CCD cameras, captures directly the structural differences that arise when two species with widely different Schmidt numbers mix in a classical jet How where molecular diffusion makes a substantial contribution to overall mixing. Matched instantaneous image pairs of biacetyl and particle concentration show differences, with the particle images exhibiting sharper contours and a more convoluted structure with finer detail. The fluorescence images show a “superlayer” similar to that found in Rayleigh images in flows of this kind. Subtraction of one (normalized) image from the other in.
Evaluation of 2001 springtime CO transport overWest Africa using MOPITT CO measurements assimilated in a global chemistry transport model

The global chemistry and transport model MOCAGE (Modèle de Chimie Atmosphèrique à Grande Echelle) is used to investigate the contribution of transport to the carbon monoxide (CO) distribution over West Africa during spring 2001. It is constrained with the CO profiles provided by the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument through a sequential assimilation technique based on a suboptimal Kalman filter. The improvement of troposphericCOdistribution fromMOCAGEis evaluated by comparing the model results (with and without assimilation) with the MOPITT CO concentrations observed during the analysed period (between 2001 March 15 to 2001 April 30), and also with independent in situ CMDL and TRACE-P observations. The initial overestimation in high CO emissions areas (Africa, SE Asia andNWcoast of South America) is considerably reduced by using the MOPITT CO assimilation. We analysed the assimilated CO for a period of three successive 15 d periods in terms of average fields overWest Africa and contributions to the CO budget of transport and chemical sources. It is found that the horizontal and vertical CO distributions are strongly dependent on the characteristics of the large-scale flows during spring, marked by the onset of the low-level southerly monsoon flow and the gradual increase of the well-known African and tropical easterly jets at middle and upper levels, respectively. Total transport by the mean flow (horizontal plus vertical advection) is important in the CO budget since it mostly compensates the local sink or source generated by chemical reactions and small-scale processes. The major source of CO is concentrated in the lower troposphere (1000–800 hPa) mainly due to convergent low-level flow advecting CO from surrounding regions and surface emissions (biomass burning). Vertical transport removes 70% of this low-level COand redistributes it in the middle troposphere (800–400 hPa) where chemical reactions and horizontal exports contribute to the loss of CO. A lesser proportion is transported upwards into upper troposphere, and then horizontally, out of the considered domain.
Interactive effects of liming and straw incorporation on yield and nitrogen uptake in a double rice cropping system

China Abstract: Soil acidification and low fertility limit crop productivity in red paddy soils. Liming and straw incorporation are effective practices to alleviate soil acidification and improve soil fertility, respectively, while their interaction is still unclear. A four-year field experiment was conducted in a double rice cropping system with red paddy soil in Jiangxi province to examine the interactive effect of liming and straw incorporation on rice yield and nitrogen (N) uptake from 2015 to 2018. Either liming or straw incorporation increased grain yield and N uptake in both early and late rice seasons. Lime application increased yield and N uptake by 10.7% and 15.5% under straw incorporation, while by 4.4% and 9.7% with straw removal in the early rice season, re-spectively. In contrast, liming enhanced yield and N uptake by 18.7% and 24.6% in the straw-incorporated treatments in the late rice season, respectively, whereas only by 10.5% and 5.7% in the straw-removed treatments. The effect of liming on enhancing grain yield, N uptake and soil pH for both early and late rice diminished in the present of time. Neither soil organic matter nor total N content was significantly affected by liming after the four-year experiment. Straw incorporation significantly increased soil organic matter, but had no effect on total N. Therefore, limes should be applied along with straw incorporation to simultaneously increase double rice yield, alleviate soil acidification, and improve soil fertility on acidic paddies. Besides, our results suggest
A modified segmented continuous flow analysis method for simultaneous determination of total dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in marine environments

We present a modified segmented flow analysis method for the simultaneous determination of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in marine environments based on a combination of photooxidation and alkaline persulfate digestion. The modified Bran+Luebbe® Continuous Flow Autoanalyzer III (CFA III) manifold consists of a high‐energy UV lamp (1.1 W at 185 nm) and a heated bath (90°C). The analytical precision of the method is within 2.1% for TDN and 1.6% for TDP analyses, and within 4.5% for dissolved organic N and P (DON and DOP); the average standard deviation is ± 0.37 µM for DON and ± 0.02 µM for DOP. The detection limit is 1.23 µM for DON and 0.05 µM for DOP analyses. The linear analytical range of the method is up to 200 µM for TDN and up to 6 µM for TDP. The CFA III method was compared with the autoclave alkaline persulfate oxidation (PO) and the high temperature combustion (HTC‐TDN) techniques. All methods, when applied to open ocean and coastal samples, produced similar DON concentrations (PO:CFA III = 102% and HTC:CFA III = 100%, on average), but the CFA III method yielded significantly higher oxidation efficiencies for DOP analyses than the PO technique (PO:CFA III = 71%, on average). For CFA IIITDN/TDP analyses samples with different salinities should be analyzed relative to standard solutions prepared with similar matrix. A throughput of 20 samples per hour is easily achieved. This method is simple, fast, reproducible, economical, and is highly suitable for simultaneous TDN and TDP routine analyses.
Modelling Exchange-Rate Volatility With Commodity Prices

This paper estimates a model of exchange-rate volatility that includes commodity prices as an exogenous determinant. We apply this model to the mining-based economy of Suriname. Fluctuations of the exchange rate are detrimental for the economy. This was evident in 2015 and 2016 when the economy of Suriname considerably contracted due to persistent negative commodity price shocks. First, we calibrate higher order General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) models to model the conditional variances of the exchange rate with available monthly data for the period 1994 to 2019. We obtained useful results from Exponential, Asymmetric, Threshold, Component and combined Mean-GARCH models calibrated with standardized error distributions. Then, we perform in-sample forecasts with the calibrated models for the period 2012 to 2019. Lastly, we select the best-performing models to forecast conditional variances of the exchange rate.
Effect of Rotary and Reciprocating Instrumentation Motions on Postoperative Pain Incidence in Non-Surgical Endodontic Treatments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine whether there are postoperative pain differences resulting from rotary and reciprocation engine-driven instrumentation motions in non-surgical endodontic treatment or retreatment at 12, 24, and 48 hours. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) were searched to identify randomised controlled trials that compared the effects of rotary and reciprocating instrumentation motions on postoperative pain. Two authors independently screened the search results, extracted the data, and assessed the quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to numerous variables across studies, the random effect inverse variance method for meta-analysis was applied. When significant heterogeneity among studies was present, the random effects multi-variable meta-regression analysis was performed to determine the source of heterogeneity. Results: At all time intervals, the incidence of postoperative pain was higher in the reciprocating instrumentation group, but was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the analgesic intake between groups. Meta-regression analysis determined study population sizes as a significant heterogeneous factor, while significance was not observed for preoperative pain or the pulpal diagnosis. Conclusion: There was no difference in postoperative pain at 12, 24, and 48 hours after non-surgical root canal treatment and retreatment, using reciprocating or rotary instrumentation motions.
An investigation of Generation Z’s Intention to use Electronic Wallet in Vietnam

Purpose: There has been a growing focus on E-wallet adoption especially in emerging market s as it offers a convenient method for users to conduct cashless transactions. This study examines antecedents influencing the decision of Generation Z to adopt E-wallet. It looks into the effect of determining factors including compatibility, perceived convenience, perceived trust, perceived reputation, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and social influence on users’ intention to use. The moderator role of social influence is also under examination. Research design, data and methodology: The quantitative method has been adopted to collect data from 170 Generation Z users. SmartPLS 3.0 was applied to examine the constructed hypotheses. Results: The results indicate an indirect effect between Compatibility, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Trust and Social Influence toward intention to adopt Electronic wallet, or both of those factors are mediated by Perceived Convenience, Perceived Usefulness, and Reputation. Moreover, research finding highlights the role of Perceived Usefulness as Generation Z’s intention determinant to use E-Wallet. Conclusions: This study is substantial as it selected the promising customer segment – Generation Z to examine the factors influencing their decision to adopt Electronic wallet. Marketers can navigate which dimensions should be included in marketing campaigns to encourage Generation Z’s adoption.
Active Road Studs as an Alternative to Lighting on Rural Roads: Driver Safety Perception

Drivers, particularly with increasing age, cite driving at night as being problematic and feeling unsafe. Ultimately this may result in self-regulation and avoidance, with potentially negative health effects. The issue is commonly mitigated through provision of street lighting, but with it comes cost, environmental impact, and other negative effects. Research has suggested that provision of LED Active Road Studs may be of assistance to drivers at night. However, it is not known how implementation of this measure affects driver confidence, as research to date has focused on observational study of actual driving behaviour. The present work addresses this gap in knowledge using data from 698 respondents to a questionnaire survey of households around a recently treated route. Overall, 72% reported an increase in confidence driving at night, with key reasons cited as increased preview time and reduced glare. A total of 80% of respondents believed the overall safety of the study route had improved. Underlying confidence was found to be lower in females, with confidence increasing with mileage driven. This study is the first to suggest the use of active road studs may increase driver confidence and provide increased travel opportunities, particularly where street lighting is impractical or undesirable in terms of sustainability.
Mental Zooming as Variable Asset Integration in Inter-Temporal Choice

Our time preferences deviate systematically from that of Homo economicus. They seem to be driven by a form of mental zooming, where higher and more distant amounts induce a more holistic perspective in contrast to smaller and near future amounts. We model zooming as variable asset integration and ask whether this can explain the observed variation in discount rates in experiments. It can. Equally important, the zooming for both time and magnitude is similar across two countries (Ethiopia and Malawi) and within a country (Ethiopia).
Federated Reinforcement Learning for Energy Management of Multiple Smart Homes With Distributed Energy Resources

This article proposesa novel federated reinforcement learning (FRL) approach for the energy management of multiple smart homes with home appliances, a solar photovoltaic system, and an energy storage system. The novelty of the proposed FRL approach lies in the development of a distributed deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model that consists of local home energy management systems (LHEMSs) and a global server (GS). Using energy consumption data, DRL agents for LHEMSs construct and upload their local models to the GS. Then, the GS aggregates the local models to update a global model for LHEMSs and broadcasts it to the DRL agents. Finally, the DRL agents replace the previous local models with the global model and iteratively reconstruct their local models. Simulation results obtained under heterogeneous home environments indicate the advantage of the proposed approach in terms of convergence speed, appliance energy consumption, and number of agents.
The Importance of Organizational Climate in Healthy Workplaces: Considerations for Disability Management

Abstract Background: In 2013, the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) released national, comprehensive guidelines for psychological health in the workplace. Nevertheless, follow-up surveys report poor uptake of the guidelines, particularly within the manufacturing sector, despite recent Workplace Safety and Insurance Tribunal (WSAIT) decisions that place greater responsibilities on employers to protect employees from psychological injury. Hence, this program of research has focused on the context of the work environment with a goal to better understand and inform current application of healthy workplace practices and policies. The overarching premise is that the full potential of a healthy workplace is optimised when set within a specific climate that values the health of workers. Therefore, Phase 1 reported the development of a workplace scale measuring a domain-specific climate for healthy practices in the workplace. Phase 2, reported here, tests the differential influence of culture, leadership and social climate on workers’ perceptions of healthy workplace practices and occupational bond. Method: Self-reported measures of culture, leadership social climate, healthy workplace practices and occupational bond from 162 participants were analysed to test the organisation’s culture, climate, leadership and practices as internal processes that influence the development of a healthy workplace Results: Adequately powered (N = 162), the mediational analyses demonstrated the significance of the proximal work environment of climate over the distal influence of culture and leadership. The key results demonstrate that the proximal environment has a significant influence on how workers perceive their workplaces. This has implications for the implementation of the guidelines for healthy workplaces.
Structure and X‐ray spectrum of crystalline poly(3‐hexylthiophene) from DFT‐van der Waals calculations

The minimum‐energy geometrical structure of the regioregular head‐to‐tail poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (rr‐HT‐P3HT) polymer has been addressed by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations which include long‐range (van der Waals) interactions. The problem of the P3HT structure has been debated in the literature in the last decades mainly for what concerns the arrangement of the alkyl side chains of the polymer and the type and content of the crystalline primitive cell. The main result of our calculations is that the energetically favored structure of the crystalline polymer at T = 0 K corresponds to polythiophene chains with slightly (∼16°) non co‐planar rings and a fishbone arrangement of tilted alkyl side chains with complex internal structure. The alkyl side chains are negligibly interdigitated with those of the adjacent polymer layers; moreover the five terminal carbon atoms of each alkyl side chain are co‐planar in all‐trans staggered conformation. The optimized geometrical structure obtained for the rr‐HT‐P3HT polymer is in agreement with measured X‐ray spectra of high molecular weight P3HT crystalline samples, and confirms that two non‐equivalent polymer chains, mutually shifted along the backbone axis, are contained in an orthorhombic primitive cell.
Estimate of DMFT index using teeth most affected by dental caries in Benghazi, Libya

Background: Although the oral health status is improved over the past years, the dental caries is still the most common chronic disease in childhood. Oral health affects many aspects of life such as ability to speak, mastication and well being. Aims: to determine the prevalence of caries of the first permanent molars (FPMs) and to compare the caries incidence between maxillary and mandibular arch, and to determine the most affect segment by the decay in the dental arch. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted of 375 children aged 6 to 12 years in Benghazi city of Libya. The clinical examination for dental caries was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. It has been calculated the frequency of caries free (CF) and the DMFT index in terms of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and missing teeth (MT). Data were analyses using SPSS version 16, Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Results: A significant difference was found between sound and carious FPMs in all dental arch segments (P =0.001). The DMFT index of the sample was (1.80±.081) whereas; the highest rate was in left side of the mandible (0.51±.026). The DT component was the highest rate (92.6%) of the DMFT index. Conclusion: The DMFT in the mandible was higher than the maxilla. The caries prevalence of FPMs was similar in both sides of the dental arches, thus the intensive preventive and health service activities should be promote in Libya to decrease caries risk in school children.