Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SUBSURFACE IMPACT OF CO2 - Response of carbonate rocks and wellbore cement to supercritical CO2 injection and long-term storage

Capture of CO2 at fossil fuel power station coupled with geological storage in empty oil and gas reservoirs is widely viewed as the most promising option for reducing CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, i.e. for climate change mitigation. Injection of CO2 into such reservoirs will change their chemical and mechanical state, for example through acidification of the pore fluid or changes in the state of stress. Similar effects may influence the integrity of overlying caprocks and of old, plugged wells. To fully assess storage system integrity, these effects must be understood. The research reported in this thesis addresses the mechanical and chemical response of carbonate rich reservoir rocks, and of wellbore cements to CO2 injection and storage. State of the-art experimental techniques were employed. These included compaction experiments on simulated porous carbonates in order to investigate time-dependent compaction phenomena, compression tests to determine the mechanical failure behaviour of chalks and wellbore cements, and reaction experiments to explore the long-term chemical effects of CO2 on cement. The results show that CO2 can accelerate long-term compaction. However, under the saline conditions of typical limestone reservoirs, the effect will be negligible if the reservoir was stable before CO2 injection. Highly porous chalks are well known to be unstable to water injection. However CO2 has little further effect. Results obtained for wellbore cement (Class A Portland cement) similar to the cements used in depleted Dutch gas fields, such as the De Lier field, showed that the stress changes accompanying injection will not lead to mechanical damage. In addition, experiments on chemical interaction have shown that reaction of CO2 with the cement precipitates calcium carbonate into voids and cracks, thus improving the sealing properties. Provided such wells are plugged properly upon abandonment, mechanical and chemical integrity will be preserved.
Molecular characterization, phylogenetic comparison and serological relationship of the Imp protein of several ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ strains

The immunodominant membrane protein Imp of several phytoplasmas within the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ (16Sr-II) group was investigated. Eighteen isolates from Iran (11), East Asia (5), Africa (1) and Australia (1) clustered into three phylogenetic subgroups (A, B and C) based on the 16S rDNA and imp genes, regardless of geographic origin. The imp gene sequences were variable, with more non-synonymous than synonymous mutations (68 vs 20, respectively), even though many of the non-synonymous ones (75%) produced conservative amino acid replacements. Eight codon sites on the extracellular region of the protein were under positive selection, with most of them (75%) coding for non-conservative amino acid substitutions. Full-length (21 kDa) and truncated (16 kDa) Imp proteins of two economically important Iranian phytoplasmas [lime witches’ broom (LWB) and alfalfa witches’ broom (AlWB-F)] were expressed as His-tagged recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. An antiserum raised against full-length recombinant LWB Imp reacted in western blots with membrane proteins extracted from LWB-infected periwinkle and lime, indicating that Imp (19 kDa) is expressed in infected plants and is a membrane-associated protein. The same polyclonal antibody also detected native Imp in proteins from periwinkles infected by phytoplasmas closely related to LWB (subgroup C) only, confirming phylogenetic clustering based on 16S rDNA and imp genes. Imp proteins of LWB and AlWB-F isolates were also recognized by an antiserum raised against an enriched preparation of AlWB-F phytoplasma cells, demonstrating the antigenic properties of this protein.
Numbers and distribution of Red-footed Falcons (Falco vespertinus) breeding in Voivodina (northern Serbia): a comparison between 1990-1991 and 2000-2001

The survey of population size and distribution of Red-footed Falcons proceeded in June-July 2000 and 2001 respec- tively, ten years after the first census (1990 and 1991). Data of only those nests were processed in which there was breeding. Breed- ing success was calculated from the number of offspring per reproductive female. During the survey in Voivodina in 1990-1991 there were 308 and 124 pairs, respectively, whereas ten years later, in the year 2000 there were 116, and in 2001 only 61 pairs of Red-footed Falcons. Even if the marked fluctuations observed are not considered, the Red-footed Falcon population breeding in Voivodina shows a declining tendency. The south-western margin of the distribution area has moved towards the northeast by about 50-70 kilometres. More than 90% of the nesting sites, including the larger nesting colonies, are found in the Banat region, i.e. east of the Tisa River. More than 90% of the Red-footed Falcons continue to nest in Rook colonies. No significant change has occurred in their breeding success.
Effect of Vase Water Temperature and Leaf Number on Water Relations and Senescence of Cut Roses

The effect of vase water temperature and leaf number on water relations and senescence responses was determined in cut roses. Freshly harvested ‘Red Sandra’ roses were re-trimmed to 50 cm leaving two or four upper leaves and held in one of three solutions: ambient temperature distilled water (23℃; AT-DW), low temperature distilled water (7℃; LT-DW) and low temperature preservative solution (LT-PW). Flowers were kept in an environmental controlled room. Treatment effects evaluated were vase life, flower diameter, and changes in fresh weight and water uptake. Differences in water relations were determined by measuring CO₂ assimilation, stomatal conductance, and stem water flux rate (SFR). The water uptake rate was significantly increased in roses in LT-DW and decreased in those in LT-PW. While showing lower solution uptake rate during vase period, roses in LT-PW exhibited greatest fresh weight, longest positive water balance duration and largest flower diameter. Flowers with two leaves attached exhibited a higher fresh weight and improved water balance, thereby extending vase life. CO₂ assimilation rate and stomatal conductance were significantly decreased by placing flowers in LT-PW, yet increased by reducing leaf number to two leaves on the flower stems. Compared to the upper stem, the SFR of the basal stem of roses in AT-DW was lower, whereas SFR in basal stems of roses in LT-DW was much higher, suggesting that low-temperature water improved the hydraulic conductance in the stems. In contrast, roses in LT-PW had a stable SFR during the experimental period and displayed a similar pattern in SFR between upper and basal portions of the stems. Consequently, the vase life of cut roses in LT-PW and LT-DW was extended by more than eight and four days, respectively, compared to those in AT-DW.
Fear, family, mobility, and freedom : a case study of Saudi women entrepreneurs

The social production of ‘Saudi women’ as a particular category makes this study a unique one. This research project enters the world of Saudi women entrepreneurs and explores what they have to consider when operating a business in Saudi Arabia (SA). First of all, this thesis aims to understand women’s perception and experience of the social conditions (e.g. gender and women’s social networks, the need for family permission, and mobility constraints on women) when operating in the context of a patriarchal society. Second, it explores women’s coping strategies with respect to these social conditions. Third, this study considers a sample of Saudi women entrepreneurs operating outside SA to explore how women’s preferences are subject to their geographical locations. In other words, studying both local Saudi women entrepreneurs and transnational Saudi women entrepreneurs provides new empirical and comparative findings about the role of context on women entrepreneurs’ ability to engage in business-related activities. The current study is exploratory in nature and employs semi-structured interviews with 25 Saudi women entrepreneurs (some with proximity to Saudi social conditions and others at a distance from Saudi social conditions). While drawing on a constructivist-interpretivist philosophical approach, the data is inductively analysed using thematic analysis, individual case analysis and template analysis. The results of this study suggest that contextual factors such as family, mobility and social networks are complex and interact with one another in particular ways. Therefore, the study contributes to new knowledge in understanding how women do business in the context of an extremely patriarchal society.
The Flora of the Boyabat (Sinop) Dam and Its Environs

This study was carried out over three years, from 1990 to 1993. The study area is situated between Kepez gorge and Devrez stream of Kizilirmak valley. In the study area, 1016 species belonging to 441 genera and 99 families were identified. Distribution rates of the species in terms of phytogeographic regions are as follows: 12.40% Euro-Siberian, 3.83% Euxine, 0.68% Hyrcano-Euxine, 11.31% Irano-Turanian and 9.74% Mediterranean. The number of endemic species is 106 and the rate of endemism is 10.43%.
Characterization of a Novel Tetraspanin-Rich, HIV-1-Containing Compartment in Dendritic Cells

Dendritic cells (DC) are crucial components of the early events of HIV infection. DC capture and internalize HIV-1 at mucosal surfaces and efficiently transfer, in the absence of viral replication in DC, the virus to CD4+ T cells through infectious synapses (trans-infection pathway). Alternatively, HIV-1 replicates in DC, the resulting DC-T cell viral transfer resulting exclusively from de novo produced viral particles in infected DC (cis-infection pathway). Our results clearly indicate that, for both pathways, HIV-1 is internalized into a novel, non-lysosomial, tetraspanin-rich compartment in DC. Subsequently, the differential recruitment, during the cis-infection pathway, of the AP-3 complex (adaptor protein complex 3), a complex involved in the viral protein Gag targeting to the membranes of late endosomes/MVBs, argues in favour of a potential role of the tetraspanin-rich compartment in HIV-1 production in DC.
DNA restriction endonuclease profiles and typing of geographically diverse isolates of Bacillus larvae.

SUMMARYDNA isolated from each of 20 Bacillus larvae isolates of geographically diverse origin (17 from Australia, one each from Fiji, Mexico and New Zealand) and cultured on brain heart infusion agar was digested with a range of restriction endonucleases. Based upon the degree of similarity in restriction endonuclease fragment patterns (REFP) produced by the restriction endonuclease Cfo I, five clonal types of B. larvae were identified. REFP were resolved on 3.5% Polyacrylamide gels and visualized by silver staining. All the isolates showed many similarities in their REFP, however, those isolates cultured from geographically localized regions showed the greatest similarity. The superior resolving capabilities of polyacrylamide enabled these isolates to be further sub-typed according to minor variations in REFP.
Parasitic Weeds of the World: Biology and Control

Definition and the nature of parasitism the main parasitic groups striga, the witchweeds, on cereal crops striga and Alectra on cow pea and other broadleaved crops orobanche species - the broomrapes other root parasites cuscuta species, the dodders, and Cassytha filiformis loranthaceae and viscaceae - the mistletoes.
The Impact of Partial and Total Replacement of Soybean with Peanut Meal on Broilers Performance

An experiment was performed to show the Impact of replacing soybean meal with peanut meal on broiler growth performance. Three hundred lohman broiler males were obtained and reared for 42 days in an environmentally controlled poultry house. Birds were divided into three groups, each group assigned to 20 experimental units and allocated to 5 identical pens (20 birds / 1m 2 ). Birds were offered ad libitum feed and water throughout the experimental period. Three different experimental diets were formulated as follows: T 0 ; 0% peanut meal, T 50 ; 50% soybean meal, and 50% peanut meal, and T 100; 100% peanut meal. Birds body weight was measured every two weeks at the same time. Feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio was calculated at the end of the experiment. The body weight was greater (p 0.05) by the different experimental diets. Therefore, feeding peanut meal had a positive effect on broiler growth performance and might be considered as an excellent protein source in broiler rations. Keywords: broiler, growth performance, peanut meal, soybean meal
Effect of adding soymilk on physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics of probiotic fermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus

Summary The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of addition of soymilk on physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics of milk fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus. Soybeans were blended 1:5 w/v with distilled water. The prepared soymilk was added to milk in combinations of 20%, 40%, and 60%. Milk was used as the control. All the samples were sterilized and fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 as probiotics. Then, they were kept at 5oC for 14 days. Microbial count, titratable acidity, pH, syneresis, color parameters and sensory evaluation were performed during the storage time. Results showed that all the samples possessed minimum effective dose of LA-5 on day 14, although a significant decrease in LA-5 was observed in the sample with 60% soymilk. In each experimental day, there was a noticeable decrease in the pH of the samples. Addition of soymilk to milk also significantly increased syneresis, particularly in samples with 60% soymilk. Sensory evaluations showed that scores of texture, mouth sense, aroma, and flavor of the samples with 40% and 60% soymilk were significantly lower than other samples. With respect to color, “L” value decreased significantly in the fermented product with 60% soymilk and the decrease was more pronounced with longer storage times. In conclusion, addition of 20% soymilk did not substantially alter physicochemical and sensory characteristics of milk while providing an appropriate growth culture for LA-5. The mixture of milk-20% soymilk can be introduced as a good probiotic product with lower lactose content and additional nutritional benefits.
Biological Flora of the British Isles: Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall.

1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characteristics, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.
NOVEL COPPER-BASED ANTINEOPLASTIC COMPOUNDS: CASIOPEINA II-gly AND III-Ea CAN PROLONG THE LIFESPAN OF Drosophila melanogaster

Aims: Experimental evidence suggested that Casiopeinas®, a copper chelate of new synthesis, can act, at least by three mechanisms: a) by forming adducts with any DNA bases; b) as intercalating agents; c) through the generation of reactive oxygen species due to the reduction of Cu+ 2 by means of Fenton reactions. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Cas II-gly and III-Ea on the time of development as the index of cytostatic activity and longevity as the index of oxidative stress of Drosophila melanogaster. Methodology: Forty-eight-hour-old larvae Canton-S wild type strain were treated with the following: 0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 mM of the compounds until development conclusion. One- to three-day-old treated adults were placed in groups of 25 males and 25 females separately in homeopathic vials with standard food. Scoring of deceased individuals was done twice a week; once that data was obtained, survival curves were made and analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Results indicated that the highest concentration for both Casiopeinas® reduced the viability and rate of development of individuals treated, in inverse relation with the concentration, but it significantly increased longevity. Conclusion: Results of these two indexes suggested that both Casiopeinas® acted as a selective factor of the fittest organisms.
Are we underestimating the sea level rise risk for property

Sea level rise forecasts identify a potential risk and uncertainty for property owners, occupiers and stakeholders. Currently, this risk is likely underestimated, with little action being taken to address it. Recent data has suggested that previous estimates by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013) of a 1 metre rise by 2100 sea level rise are severely underestimated and could reach 2.7 metres (NOAA, 2017). The uncertainty of modelling, forecasting, data availability and constant change in externalities makes this a challenging concept for property stakeholders to consider how to tackle these challenges. However, as this study demonstrates using a case study of the bayside municipality of the City of Port Phillip, even conservative measures of sea level rise and the ancillary implications of storm surge, wave heights and flooding exponentially increase the risk to property and property values. Consequently, there is increasing need for the property industry, sector, stakeholders and academics to open the discussion as to strategies for adaption and mitigation.
Estimativa da área foliar de Crotalaria juncea L. a partir de dimensões lineares do limbo foliar = Estimate of Crotalaria juncea L. leaf area using linear dimensions of the leaf blade

O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter um modelo matematico, por meio de medidas lineares dimensionais das folhas, que permitisse a estimativa da area foliar de Crotalaria juncea. A semeadura da crotalaria foi realizada em area de 2 ha localizada na UNESP de Jaboticabal em dezembro de 2007. Em fevereiro de 2008 foram coletadas aleatoriamente folhas dessas plantas para estudo de suas medidas lineares. Foram estudadas as correlacoes entre a area foliar real (Sf) e as medidas dimensionais do limbo foliar, como o comprimento ao longo da nervura principal (C) e a largura maxima (L), perpendicular a nervura principal. Todas as equacoes testadas (lineares, exponenciais ou geometricas) permitiram boas estimativas da area foliar (acima de 87%). As equacoes que apresentaram melhor ajuste foram as lineares, passando ou nao pela origem. Do ponto de vista pratico, sugere-se optar pela equacao linear simples envolvendo o produto C x L, considerando-se o coeficiente linear igual a zero. A estimativa da area foliar de Crotalaria juncea pode ser feita pela equacao Sf = 0,7160 x (C x L) com um coeficiente de determinacao de 0,9712.
Potential damages, seasonal abundance and distribution of Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean in South Sulawesi

Plant damages caused by leafhopper, Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean were first encountered in 2007 in Makassar, South Sulawesi. The insect has been constantly associated with soybean crops in the province ever since. The purposes of the present study were to (i) evaluate potential yield loss attributable to the leafhopper in an experimental set up, (ii) seasonal abundance of E. terminalis , and (iii) distribution of E. terminalis in all major soybean-producing areas in the province. Potential yield loss due to the leafhopper was assessed in a field experiment using two large plots. One of the plots was kept leafhopper-free by weekly insecticide sprays; and the other plot was left unsprayed to allow leafhopper infestation to occur. Adult abundance was weekly monitored using a sweep net throughout the season. Nymph abundance was determined by direct count on the plant leaves. Leafhopper distribution was assessed through surveys conducted in all major soybean-producing areas in South Sulawesi, from 2009–2013. The results of the study showed that E. terminalis caused an average yield loss of 26% on susceptible crops without insecticide use. First leafhopper infestation in all planting seasons occurred two weeks after the plant emergence. Rainfall negatively correlated with the leafhopper abundance. The leafhopper existed in all major soybean production areas in the province. Therefore, our results confirmed the status of E. terminalis as an important soybean pest in the region. In addition, crops planted early in the dry season could escape from heavy leafhopper infestation.
Production of native and introduced grasses in the ponderosa pine region of Arizona.

W % of chaparral shrubs in central AriE 880= zona. Jour. Forestry 55: 899-903. a FERGUSON, E. R. 1957. Stem kill and sprouting following prescribed 460 fires in a pine-hardwood stand in Texas. Jour. Forestry 55: 426-429. GRANO, C. X. 1955. Behavior of 0 I I I I 1 I I I I I Jan.24 I I I I I 40 Southern Arkansas oaks girdled in Mar.27 May27 July I5 Sept. IO Nov.19 different seasons. Jour. Forestry
PROTASPID LARVAE AND PHYLOGENETICS OF ENCRINURID TRILOBITES

r-The premise that derived similarities in early ontogeny reflect proximity of common ancestry provides a framework for evaluating relationships within the trilobite subfamily Encrinurinae Angelin and allied taxa on the basis of larval characters. Protaspides for eight species of Ordovician and Silurian encrinurines are compared through cladistic analysis of character distributions; these are assigned to Encrinuroides Reed, Cromus? Barrande, Balizoma Holloway, and a new genus of the Encrinurus variolaris plexus. Llandeilo Encrinuroides insularis Shaw, in which two metrically and morphologically distinct protaspid stages (instars) are rec- ognized, provides a standard for comparisons. This two-stage division of the protaspid period is a synapomorphy of early encrinurines (Ordovician Encrinuroides), advanced cybelines (several species of Cybeloides Slocom), and early staurocephalids (Libertella Hu). The former groups further share a subtrapezoidal-subquadrate stage 1 instar with a single pair of protopygidial marginal spines, while stage 2 is broader with three pairs of marginal spines. The two-stage protaspis in this clade, associated with several other evolutionary novelties (a torulus, prominent glabellar tubercle pairs, fixigenal "circumocular tubercles"), marks a reduction from the plesiomorphic state of numerous calcified larval instars (including small early "anaprotaspides") in pliomerids and early cybelines. The conventional paraphyletic constructs of the Cybelinae and Encrinuroides obscure patterns of nested synapomorphy indicated by larval and adult character states. Protaspides of Silurian Balizoma spp. record a further shift in timing of calcification, with reduction to a single large instar with ontogenetically advanced character states (possibly allometric correlates of size increase) indicating homology with stage 2 of Encrinuroides and advanced cybelines. Profound differences between protaspides of Llandovery Cromus? n. sp. (the first known for this genus) and those of other encrinurines corroborate a hypothesis of distant common ancestry and early divergence of this clade.