Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Social Media Usage and Students’ Self-esteem among Wolaita Sodo University Students

Social media websites are the most common activity of today’s youth students. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social media usage and Self-esteem among Wolaita Sodo University students. The research employed cross-sectional survey research design with quantitative approach of data analysis. From the total population of 11,650 (7,174 males and 4,473 females) students, 763 (470 males and 293 females) students were selected by using systematic random sampling technique after employing stratified random sampling technique to select participants based on sex, year level and College. The finding of the study revealed that the major purpose of social media usage among Wolaita Sodo University students was to have good relationships with others and in touch with friends and family. The extent of Social media usage of was found to be high. Majority of students had low status of self-esteem. Sex difference in social media usage revealed that male students use social media higher than that of female students. Sex difference in terms of self-esteem indicated that there was difference between male and females university students in their self-esteem. Analysis Age group and year level difference in social media usage result revealed that there was no significant difference in both age group and year level in social media usage. Finally Pearson correlation indicated that there is negative week relationship between social medial usage and students’ self-esteem. Possible recommendations are forwarded to the students, the University and other concerned bodies like government and non-government organizations.
Performance of standard carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivars under protected cultivation for vegetative characters

Studies were conducted, in progressive farmer polyhouse of Belgaum, Karnataka on vegetative characters of nine cultivars of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) The observations on various growth parameters like plant height, stem girth, internodal length, etc., were recorded at monthly intervals. Cultivars Madame Collette, Candy, and West Pretty were vigorous in their growth throughout the growth period in terms of plant height, whereas cultivars Sugar Baby, Madame Collette, Alma, and West Pretty had thicker and stronger stems, while cv. Sorisso had weak stems. Number of intern-odes was maximum in cultivars Desio, Madame Collette, Sugar Baby and Candy, while cv. West Pretty recorded minimum internodes. Cultivars West Pretty, Desio, Alma and Aicardi have produced more number of shoots, whereas cv. Sugar Baby had produced less number of shoots. Number of leaves produced per plant was maximum in cultivars Madame Collette, Aicardi, Candy and Alma, whereas cv. Sorisso produced less number of leaves. Leaf area was maximum in cultivars Pirandello, Madame Collette, Desio and Sugar Baby, whereas it was minimum in cv. Sorisso. Cultivars Madame Collette, Alma, Pirandello and Desio recorded maximum leaf length while, cv. Sorisso had recorded the minimum leaf length. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents of leaf were maximum in cultivars West Pretty, Sugar Baby, Desio and Madame Collette, whereas these were minimum in cv. Sorisso. The overall performance of cultivars Madame Collette, West Pretty, Desio and Aicardi were found superior with respect to all growth parameters and chlorophyll content of leaf.
Isolation and identification of free living amoeba (Naegleria and Acanthamoeba) in Shiraz water resources by morphological criteria

Conclusions: The results showed that water resources contained free living amoeba and some important and pathogenic species of these amoebas were identified by morphological characteristics . Thus, it is necessary to employ new methods for disinfection and filtration of water resources so that the infection with free living amoeba and infectious agents is prevented.
DEPARTAMENTO DE MATEMÁTICA DOCUMENTO DE TRABAJO “A Hahn-Banach Theorem for Integral Polynomials”

We study the problem of extendibility of polynomials over Banach spaces: when can a polynomial defined over a Banach space be extended to a polynomial over any larger Banach space? To this end, we identify all spaces of polynomials as the topological duals of a space S spanned by evaluations, with Hausdorff locally convex topologies. We prove that all integral polynomials over a Banach space are extendible. Finally, we study the Aron-Berner extension of integral polynomials, and give an equivalence for non-containment of `1.
University of Southern Denmark Are theory of mind and bullying separately associated with later academic performance

Background: Bullying and poor Theory-of-Mind (ToM) are both considered to negatively impact academic performance. However, it is unclear if they have separate effects. Aim: The aim of the current study was to examine the potentially separate associations of bullying and ToM with academic performance. Sample: a general population sample of 1170 children aged 11-12 years. Methods: Information on bullying, type of involvement (none, victim (only), bully (only), victim-bully (both)), ToM and estimated intelligence, were obtained at face-to-face assessments. Information on academic performance was obtained from Danish school registers. Results: ToM was positively associated with academic performance, and involvement in bullying was negatively associated with academic performance. Academic performance differed between type of involvement in bullying. Pairwise post hoc analyses showed that in the full sample the only significant difference was between those not involved and those involved as victim (only). This was also the case for girls. Adjusting for potential shared variance with gender, estimated intelligence and ToM being victim (only) and victim-bully (both) were negatively associated with academic performance compared to no involvement. Thus, being a victim (or victim-bully) contributes negatively to academic performance beyond the effects of ToM and intelligence, and regardless of gender. Similarly, ToM remained positively associated with academic performance after adjusting for shared variance. Conclusion: ToM and involvement in bullying were both separately associated with later academic performance. These results remained even after adjusting for shared variance, and for shared variance with gender and estimated IQ. Theory-of-Mind, bullying and academic performance
The Addition of Dicamba to POST Applications of Quizalofop-p-ethyl or Clethodim Antagonizes Volunteer Glyphosate-Resistant Corn Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean

Two studies consisting of six field experiments each were conducted at three locations in southwestern Ontario, Canada, in 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the possible antagonism when dicamba was added to quizalofop-p-ethyl or clethodim for the control of volunteer glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn. At 4 wk after application (WAA), quizalofop-p-ethyl at 24, 30, or 36 g ai ha−1 provided 88, 94, and 95% control of volunteer GR corn, respectively. The addition of dicamba at 300 or 600 g ae ha−1 to quizalofop-p-ethyl (24 g ha−1) reduced the activity of quizalofop-p-ethyl on volunteer GR corn by 12 and 20%. At 4 WAA, clethodim at 30, 37.5, and 45 g ai ha−1 provided 85, 91, and 95% control of volunteer GR corn, respectively. The addition of dicamba at 300 or 600 g ha−1 to clethodim (30 g ha−1) resulted in antagonism, causing a reduction in volunteer GR corn by 12 and 11%, respectively. In general, there was greater antagonism when the high rate of dicamba was tank-mixed with the lower rate of the graminicide. There was no antagonistic effect on soybean yield by tank-mixing dicamba with either graminicide at all rates evaluated. Based on these results, volunteer GR corn can be controlled effectively by increasing the rate of the graminicide when tankmixed with dicamba. Nomenclature: Clethodim; dicamba; quizalofop-p-ethyl; volunteer corn, Zea mays L. ; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Dos estudios que consistieron de seis experimentos de campo cada uno fueron realizados en tres localidades en el suroeste de Ontario, Canada, en 2014 y 2015, para evaluar el posible antagonismo cuando se agrega dicamba a quizalofop-p-ethyl o clethodim para el control de maíz resistente a glyphosate (GR) voluntario. A 4 semanas después de la aplicación (WAA), quizalofop-p-ethyl a 24, 30, ó 36 g ai ha−1 brindó 88, 94, y 95% de control de maíz GR voluntario, respectivamente. La adición de 300 ó 600 g ae ha−1 dicamba a quizalofop-p-ethyl (24 g ha−1) redujo la actividad de quizalofop-p-ethyl en maíz GR voluntario en 12 y 20%. A 4 WAA, clethodim a 30, 37.5, y 45 g ai ha−1 brindó 85, 91, y 95% de control de maíz GR voluntario, respectivamente. La adición de 300 ó 600 g ha−1 dicamba a clethodim (30 g ha−1) resultó en antagonismo, el cual causó una reducción en el control de maíz GR voluntario de 12 y 11%. En general, hubo un mayor antagonismo cuando se mezcló en tanque la dosis alta de dicamba con la dosis baja del graminicida. No hubo ningún efecto antagónico sobre el rendimiento de la soja al mezclar en tanque dicamba con cualquiera de los dos graminicidas a las dosis evaluadas. Con base en estos resultados, el maíz GR voluntario puede ser controlado efectivamente al incrementar la dosis del graminicida en la mezcla en tanque.
COLORECTAL CANCER PATHOLOGY AT MUHIMBILI NATIONAL HOSPITAL, DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common cancers worldwide especially in the Western world. An increase of CRC in resourcelimited countries has been noted with presentation in the younger age group and advanced stages. It was therefore against this background that we sought to describe the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania. Objectives: Our broad objective was to describe the clinicopathological features of CRC at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). Methodology: The study was conducted in pathology department, histopathology unit at MNH, Dar es salaam, Tanzania. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Paraffin embedded blocks of colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between January 2011 and December 2014, were retrieved in departmental archive, resectioned, and stained by routine H&E and immunohistochemistry. More information pertaining to study participants was retrieved in hospital medical records. Microscopic examination was done for typing, grading, pathological staging using TNM-7 system and Dukes‘ system. Results: A total of 201 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled in our study, males slightly outnumbered females, with sex ratio of 1.1:1, mean age was 50.2 (SD±16.9), age range of 1292, with a peak in 45-59 year age group and mode of 45 years. The rectum was the most commonly involved site (63.7%), usual adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type (77.6%). Sixty one (30%) patients presented with high grade cancer and 88.2 % had advanced stages. Mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma were found to correlate with young age (below 40 years), p=0.002. HIV/AIDS was the most common comorbidity associated with CRC (38%). Conclusion: Colorectal cancer is not rare in Tanzania; poor prognostic entities are relatively common at younger age associated with advanced stage at diagnosis. There is a need for initiating a country wide screening program and through improved awareness and early detection and diagnosis it will enable curative interventions of CRC.
The incidence, risk factors and predictive nomograms for early death among patients with stage IV gastric cancer: a population-based study.

Background Although advances in the treatment of stage IV gastric cancer (GC) patients, some patients were observed to die within 3 months of initial diagnosis. The present study aimed to explore the early mortality and risk factors for stage IV GC and further develop nomograms. Methods A total of 2,174 eligible stage IV GC patients were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors and develop the nomograms to predict all-cause early death and cancer-specific early death. The predictive performance of the nomograms was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), calibration plots and decision curve analyses (DCA) in both training and validation cohorts. Results Of 2,174 patients enrolled, 708 died within 3 months of initial diagnosis (n=668 for cancer-specific early death). Early mortality remained stable from 2010-2015. Non-Asian or Pacific Islander (API) race, poorer differentiation, middle sites of the stomach, no surgery, no radiotherapy, no chemotherapy, lung metastases and liver metastases were associated with high risk of both all-causes early death and cancer-specific early death. The nomograms constructed based on these factors showed favorable sensitivity, with the area under the ROC range of 0.816-0.847. The calibration curves and DCAs also exhibited adequate fit and ideal net benefit in prediction and clinical application. Conclusions Approximately one-third of stage IV GC patients experienced early death. These associated risk factors and predictive nomograms may help clinicians identify the patients at high risk of early death and be the reference for treatment choices.
Land Value Potential Zonation : Implication Towards Urban Planning

Potential land prices are strongly influenced by various factors, Cimahi City has three subdistricts displaying unique characteristics, since it is located between two districts and one large city, which affects the potential price of land. The potential price of land is crucial to identify, especially in determining the policies of related agencies, the purpose of this research was to zoning potential land prices in Cimahi City. This study engaged a quantitative approach utilizing data collection technique in the form of observation, literature, documentation, and interviews, then analysis was conducted using a GIS which composed of assessment, weighting, coating, and buffering. The study population was all sub-districts in Cimahi. The research samples were taken from several sub-districts which were influenced by districts and cities characteristics indicators such as accessibility, land usage, and land ownership status. The results showed land prices potential was classified as low, medium, and high which was derived by several indicators. It could be concluded that the potential land price is strongly influenced by the surrounding area features, especially urban and district infrastructure.
The Proof of Dirichlet’s Theorem on Arithmetic Progressions and its Variations

In this bachelor’s thesis we study the proof of Dirichlet’s Theorem on primes in Arithmetic Progressions. We find out about the various proofs of this theorem and see how they are different, but also very related. We start looking at the idea of the proof that Dirichlet originally came up with it and end up at very recent variations, published in the American Mathematical Monthly. The influences from time are visible in the mathematics, but the general idea of the proof stays intact. We can construct different proofs for different audiences and find one for readers from different backgrounds to enjoy and understand. From classrooms to devoted readers of mathematics, there is something interesting about the proof of Dirichlet’s Theorem for all mathematicians.
Reflecting on EFL Teachers' Awareness and Application of Postmethod Pedagogy: A Case in Iran

This investigation was carried out to explore EFL teachers' understating and perception of postmethod paradigm in English language teaching (ELT). It also aimed at EFL teachers' evaluation and implementation of this pedagogy in their profession. To do so, as a qualitative research method, semi-structured interview was applied. Seven Iranian EFL teachers participated in the interview sessions. The sessions were audio recorded for further analysis. The results of the data analysis showed that majority of the teachers were not fully aware of the nature of postmethod pedagogy. In addition, most of the EFL teachers were found to make the least use of this paradigm in their teaching career. The study ends with recommendations for ELT in educational system of Iran.
What I know Best: Assessing Indonesian Student’s Structural Knowledge through Student-Generated Topics

Developing Indonesian English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ structural knowledge presents a number of complexities especially in the bilingual context. This study aimed to determine how the structural knowledge patterns of Indonesian EFL students is, and it specifically explored various aspects that make structural knowledge representation difficult. The research also aimed to formulate an accommodative assessment model for the development of students' structural knowledge. Using a case study design, this study involved 120 English literature students (N=120) taking the Psycholinguistics class at one of the tertiary institutions in Malang, Indonesia. The research instruments included essay tests and questionnaires. The research findings showed that students in bilingual contexts have certain diversity and patterns in their structural knowledge. Second, students’ structural knowledge could be influenced by a number of aspects such as topic mastery and the flow of thought. Furthermore, students’ structural knowledge can be accommodated in an adequate evaluation model that measures structural knowledge and critical thinking skills. Further research in the area of content and language assessment will complete the study of the significance of structural knowledge in a bilingual context
Localisation of motoneurons supplying the extra-ocular muscles of the rat using horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent double labelling.

Abstract This paper describes a qualitative and quantitative investigation into the location of the motoneurons innervating the extra-ocular muscles of the rat. Injections of horseradish peroxidase, bisbenzimide, propidium iodide and DAPI-primuline were made either in one or simultaneously in two muscles. Unlike those of the cat, rabbit and monkey, the motoneurons which make up the oculomotor nucleus of the rat are not arranged in spatially separate subgroups belonging each to its corresponding extra-ocular muscle, but instead allow a high degree of superposition among the motor pools which they compose. The motoneurons innervating the lateral rectus and inferior oblique muscles are all homolateral; those of the medial and inferior rectus muscles are mainly homolateral with a few contralateral exceptions; and those of the superior rectus, levator palpebrae and superior oblique muscles are mainly contralateral with a small minority of homolateral exceptions. As well as from the main motor pools with which they are associated, the medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, levator palpebrae, superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles all receive innervation from motoneurons lying among the fibres of the fasciculus longitudinalis medialis. All these observations are supported by quantitative data.
Effect of Acupuncture on Muscle Endurance in the Female Shoulder Joint: A Pilot Study

Shoulder joint dysfunction is the leading cause of decreased athletic ability in athletes. Shoulder joint sports injuries affect the athletic performance of athletes. Improvements in the muscle endurance of the shoulder joint can reduce the incidence of shoulder joint dysfunction. Acupuncture has been an important part of Asian culture for a long time. In acupuncture, nerves are stimulated, inducing postactivation potentiation (PAP) in the body's motor units and enhancing muscle strength. In this research, 20 female participants with full flexion/extension and adduction/abduction ranges of motion in the shoulder joint during isokinetic exercises underwent stimulation of the following acupuncture points in the shoulder joint: Binao (LI14), Jianyu (LI15), Jianliao (SJ14), Naohui (SJ13), Yuzhong (KI26), Zhongfu (LU1), Yunmen (LU2), Xiabai (LU4), Chize (LU5), Tianfu (LU3), and Xiaoluo (SJ12). In the study, there were significant increases after acupuncture in the average maximum torque in flexion, extension, and adduction; the average work in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the average power in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the total work in flexion/extension and adduction/abduction; the total net sagittal-plane work (flexion + extension); and the total net frontal-plane work (adduction + abduction) (P < 0.05). The average maximum abduction torque did not increase significantly, potentially due to antagonistic forces of muscles. Therefore, acupuncture at acupoints around the shoulder joint can increase muscle excitability, thereby delaying muscle fatigue and increasing muscle endurance.
Hybrid Fixation Restores Tibiofibular Kinematics for Early Weightbearing After Syndesmotic Injury

Background: Disruption of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL), posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL), and interosseous membrane (IOM) is a predictive measure of residual symptoms after an ankle injury. Controversy remains regarding the ideal fixation technique for early return to sport, which requires restoration of tibiofibular kinematics with early weightbearing. Purpose: To quantify tibiofibular kinematics after syndesmotic fixation with different tricortical screw and suture button constructs during simulated weightbearing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A 6 degrees of freedom robotic testing system was used to test 9 fresh-frozen human cadaveric specimens (mean age, 65.1 ± 17.3 years). A 200-N compressive load was applied to the ankle, while a 5-N·m external rotation and a 5-N·m inversion moment were applied independently to the ankle at 0° of flexion, 15° and 30° of plantarflexion, and 10° of dorsiflexion. Fibular medial-lateral translation, anterior-posterior translation, and internal-external rotation relative to the tibia were tracked by use of an optical tracking system in the following states: (1) intact ankle; (2) AITFL, PITFL, and IOM transected ankle; (3) single-screw fixation; (4) double-screw fixation; (5) hybrid fixation; (6) single suture button fixation; and (7) divergent suture button fixation. Repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was performed for statistical analysis. Results: In response to the external rotation moment and axial compression, single tricortical screw fixation resulted in significantly higher lateral translation of the fibula compared with that of the intact ankle at 10° of dorsiflexion (P < .05). Suture button fixation resulted in significantly higher posterior translation of the fibula at 0° of flexion and 10° of dorsiflexion, whereas divergent suture button fixation resulted in higher posterior translation at only 0° of flexion (P < .05). In response to the inversion moment and axial compression, single tricortical screw and hybrid fixation significantly decreased lateral translation in plantarflexion, whereas double tricortical screw fixation and hybrid fixation significantly decreased external rotation of the fibula compared with that of the intact ankle at 15° of plantarflexion (P < .05). Conclusion: Based on the data in this study, hybrid fixation with 1 suture button and 1 tricortical screw may most appropriately restore tibiofibular kinematics for early weightbearing. However, overconstraint of motion during inversion may occur, which has unknown clinical significance. Clinical Relevance: Surgeons may consider this data when deciding on the best algorithm for syndesmosis repair and postoperative rehabilitation.