Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between body mass index of mother and anthropometry of newborn

Introduction: Maternal body dimensions are the first determinants of neonatal biometrics, especially their birth weight and length. Mother’s nutritional status is also known to be a key indicator of infant’s body dimensions and its early growth features. Birth weight and length are clearly based on mother’s nutritional and anthropometric factors hence the present study was done to find the association between BMI of mother and anthropometry of newborn among all the delivered women in tertiary care hospital Aim: To study association between BMI of mothers and anthropometry in newborn. To know the other factors responsible for anthropometry of newborn. Methodology: 216 delivered women were taken consent by predesigned questionnaire information was collected regarding the socio-demographical data and the anthropometry of newborn and mother was recorded. Statistical analysis was done by using percentage and analysis of variance. Results: Our study showed association between maternal BMI and weight with neonatal parameters except mid arm circumference. There was no association between maternal heights with any of the neonatal parameters. Conclusion: In our study we found the association between Maternal BMI and Anthropometry of Newborn, Maternal Weight and Anthropometry of Newborn, But no association was found between Maternal height and Anthropometry of Newborn, so, by carrying out some intervention during pregnancy to improve nutrition of the mother which has better effect on the Anthropometry of newborn.
股関節骨折と高齢患者 股関節骨折患者、高齢患者、全患者の比較(Hip Fracture and Geriatric Patients: Comparisons among Hip Fracture Patients, Elderly Patients and Total Patients)

Background Charts of hip fracture patients undergoing surgical repair in 1993-1995 were examined retrospectively to determine if their characteristics were distinct from other operative patients. Elderly patients groups were made to determine age effects and to determine characteristics of hip fracture patients besides age effects. Methods Comparisons were made of preoperative blood counts, biochemical data and co-existing diseases between hip fracture cases (HF: n = 87), all surgical cases (T: n = 2637) and surgical patients aged 70 years or more (70-Y: n = 586). Results Red cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) and platelet count (Plt) were higher in the T group than in the 70-Y group (P < 0.001) and the HF group (P < 0.01, 0.01, 0.001, 0.01). RBC and Hb were higher in the 70-Y group than in the HF group (P < 0.01, 0.05). White blood cell count (WBC) was higher in the HF group than in the T group (P < 0.001) and the 70-Y group (P < 0.01). Plt was greater in women than in men in the T group (P < 0.01). BUN and creatinine was greater in the 70-Y group than in the T group (P < 0.001, 0.05). Fasting blood glucose levels (FBS) were higher in the HF group than in the T group (P < 0.001) and the 70-Y group (P < 0.05). PaO2 was less in the HF group than in the other two groups (P < 0.001). Prevalence of brain diseases was higher in theHF group than in the 70-Y group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Hip fracture patients have a great tendency to anemia. It may be caused by anemia in elderly patients followed by bleeding due to the fracture. There was the tendency for hypoxia in hip fracture patients due to bed rest. Co-existing of neurological deficits might facilitate occurrence of hip fracture.
The Structural Quality of Health Services as a Potential Constraint for Human Capital Accumulation

One key assumption underlying interventions and policies aiming to promote development by increasing the accumulation of human capital, particularly health capital, is that increasing access to and utilisation of health services will translate into health capital. This assumption, from Grossman´s health capital model, assumes that both preventive and curative health services improve health status and thus increase its level. The ability of health services to generate health is related to their quality. In terms of analysing the quality of health services, structural quality could be viewed as a necessary but not sufficient component of quality; having areas, equipment, supplies and medicine to offer health services is a requirement to offer care, and thus, analysing structural quality provides a basic measure of the ability of health services to effectively generate health. While there is an important amount of literature regarding quality of health services, empirical analysis of structural quality are limited as are those related this dimension of quality and outcome indicators. In this chapter, I present the first published analysis on structural quality of primary health services in Mexico and show large heterogeneity in structural quality that is negatively correlated with general living conditions, meaning that the poorest are served by the lowest level of structural quality facilities, and some indication that poor quality is related to higher infant mortality rate. Improving structural quality is required if development is sought.
Impact of paroxysmal versus non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair.

Background To study the impact of type of atrial fibrillation on outcomes following transcatheter mitral valve repair. The development of atrial fibrillation (AF) in degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) can be a sign of progression of MR and associated with adverse outcomes. However, the impact of type of AF in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair remains uncertain. Methods Patients 18 years or older who underwent TMVR procedure in 2016 and had a concurrent ICD-10 diagnosis of either paroxysmal or non-paroxysmal AF were included from Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD). The association between type of AF and mortality, stroke, readmission (cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular readmissions) and composite outcome (mortality, inpatient stroke or 30-day readmissions) was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software 9.4 was used to conduct the analysis. Results A total of 913 (weighted N=1,750) TMVR hospitalizations from NRD for year 2016 were included. Of these, 510 (weighted N=995) patients had non-paroxysmal AF and 403 (weighted N=755) had paroxysmal AF. Patients with non-paroxysmal AF were older than paroxysmal AF (82.53 vs. 81.27; P=0.0004). As compared to paroxysmal AF, those with non-paroxysmal AF had comparable odds of composite outcome of stroke, readmission, or mortality (OR 1.31; 95% CI: 0.77-2.23), as well as stroke (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.10-1.78), or mortality (OR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.21-1.37), in patients undergoing TMVR. Similarly, no differences were noted in the odds of cardiac readmissions (OR 1.38; 95% CI: 0.83-2.28), non-cardiac readmissions (OR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.49-1.32) and discharge to skilled nursing/short term care (OR 1.24; 95% CI: 0.66-2.36) in those with non-paroxysmal vs. paroxysmal AF. Conclusions Inpatient outcomes and readmissions were similar in patient with paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in this study. Future studies exploring the effect of type of atrial fibrillation on long term outcomes are needed.
THE THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF PHARMACY STUDENTS TOWARDS CORTIOSTEROIDS USES

Corticosteroids are hormones that naturally produced by the human body through the adrenal gland. Cortisone hormones play a role in regulating blood sugar, protein, fat, the body's defense system and bone formation. Corticosteroid drugs are commonly used for anti-inflammatory, pruritic, dermatological, rheumatologic, pulmonary, hematological, ophthalmological, immunological, and gastrointestinal, called glucocorticoids. Long-term therapy with corticosteroids can cause severe side effects if given in high doses. The aim of this study was identification of the level of knowledge and attitude in corticosteroid use, especially in pharmacy students. This type of research was cross-sectional which aims to see the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable in Samarinda. This research was conducted in 2019 by conducting a questionnaire survey test using Google Form. Data analysis in the form of bivariate analysis using the Mann-Whitney test with SPSS Statistic 23 software program. Respondents who participated in this research amounted to 118 people with ages ranging from 17 to 25 years. In this research shows that pharmacy students have a fairly good knowledge of corticosteroids with the majority of the percentage of correct answers ≥72%. The results of the analysis obtained p value 0.008 (p <0.005) and obtained r value 2.7. There is a significant influence between knowledge of corticosteroids on their attitude using corticosteroids and showing good knowledge has the potential of 2.7 times to have a good attitude.
Lower Extremity Functional-Performance Testing, Part 1

© 2004 Human Kinetics • ATT 9(2), pp. 46-49 NE OF THE GREATEST clinical challenges facing athletic trainers is determining when an athlete is ready to return to functional activity. Functional-performance testing helps clinicians make these decisions. Specifically, functional-performance tests are designed to simulate, in a controlled manner, the stresses produced and imposed on the lower extremity during athletic participation. The outcome measure of a lower extremity functional-performance test is a summary variable that represents a patient’s sensorimotor function, muscle strength and power, flexibility, pain, and confidence.13 Single-leg-hop tests are a subset of lower extremity functional-performance tests. Their advantage is an ability to generate a bilateral comparison by testing each leg separately. As with all clinical measures, understanding expected outcomes (normal values) including a within-normal-limits bilateral comparison, reliability, and measurement precision is necessary to make appropriate clinical decisions. The purpose of this column, the first of three parts, is to provide a practical guide to assist with standardized implementation and interpretation of five selected single-leg-hop tests.
Developing key capabilities in child care and protection

Over the last 20 years, research has questioned how well equipped newly qualified social workers are in relation to child care and protection. Recent inquiries have highlighted that some social workers have not recognised their responsibilities towards children and young people when they encounter them in the course of their duties. In England, Lord Laming's (2009) report The Protection of Children in England, following the death of Peter Connelly in Haringey, recommended a specialist child protection route as part of the social work degree and re-opened the debate about the benefits of specialism versus genericism. In Scotland, when faced with similar challenges, Key Capabilities in Child Care and Protection were introduced to ensure that all social workers at the point of qualifying can evidence their knowledge and skills in relation to child care and protection. This paper describes their development. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ‘Introduced to ensure that all social workers at the point of qualifying can evidence their knowledge and skills’
Three Innate Cytokine Biomarkers Predict Presence of Acute Otitis Media and Relevant Otopathogens.

Background 1.1Diagnosis of Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is challenging, resulting in frequent over diagnosis and improper prescription of antibiotics. A serum biomarker of AOM would significantly improve pediatric care for this common illness. Methods 1.2Serum samples were studied from 197 children 6-36 months old during health, during viral Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) without middle ear involvement, and at the onset of AOM (confirmed by tympanocentesis). Serum concentrations of S100A12, IL-10, and ICAM-1 were measured by ELISA. Otopathogens were identified by culture of middle ear fluid. A predictive model for infection and causative otopathogen was developed based on density distributions of the measured cytokines. Results 1.3A biomarker score derived from subject age and serum concentrations of S100A12, IL-10, and ICAM-1 was significantly able to distinguish both between health and disease and between upper respiratory infections with and without middle ear involvement (AOM vs URI), and further predicted the specific causative bacterial pathogen. This biomarker could also identify recurrent OM-prone children. Conclusions 1.4For the first time we show that a biomarker risk score derived from serum cytokine levels can predict the presence of bacterial AOM, the likely Otopathogen, and the recurrent OM-prone child. Clinical significance 1.5(1) AOM is a widespread pediatric infection with a substantial economic burden. (2) Three serum cytokines can discriminate between URI and AOM, reducing over diagnosis. (3) Prediction of responsible pathogen enables targeted antibiotic prescription.
Reclassification of a shielding design project for facilities administering 131I for thyroid carcinoma therapy

Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine malignancy worldwide. The excellent prognosis in an overwhelming number of cases is related to radioiodine therapy. As the only function of iodine in the human body is the synthesis of thyroid hormones, within the thyroid gland, this radionuclide presents high specificity for this gland. Moreover, 80% of the incident cancers are papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) type, meaning that basic biologic characteristics of thyroid normal tissue are retained, such as iodine uptake from the circulating blood. Despite the efficacy of the referred treatment, large amounts of energy are emitted during radioiodine (131I) decay, in the form of particles and electromagnetic radiation with distinct ionising and penetrating powers. Therefore, the administration of 131I within a nuclear medicine service must follow strict rules determined by national legislation, in order to minimise the exposure to radiation of patients, families, members of the public and workers of the facilities. Briefly, the safety factors are related to the exposure time, distance to the radiation source and the shielding barriers. The aim of this project is therefore to characterise and redesign a shielding plan of a unit designated for the administration of 131I, taking in consideration these safety factors.
Cranial neuropathies in El-shaab teaching hospital (Sudan)

Cranial nerves palsies are one of the most important manifestations of neurological diseases. The aim of the work was to study the etiologies and pattern of presentations of cranial nerves palsies among adult Sudanese patients seen at El-shaab Teaching Hospital in the period from July 200-February 2009. 667 adult Sudanese patients with neurological diseases were included in the study. A full detailed history, proper clinical examination and required investigations including CT scan and MRI of the brain were carried out. The results showed that cranial nerves VII (197 cases), II (121 cases), IX (65 cases), X (65 cases), VI (39) were the most commonly affected, while III (13cases), XI (8 cases) and IV (2cases) were the least affected. Chief causes were stroke (144 cases), space occupying lesions (57 cases), idiopathic intracranial hypertension (25 cases), Guillain Barre syndrome (22 cases), diabetes mellitus (20 cases), hypertension (19 cases), motor neuron disease (19 cases), Bell's palsy (13 cases), multiple sclerosis (12 cases), vasculitis (10 cases), meningitis (7 cases), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (6 cases), anti phospholipids antibody syndrome in four patients, sensory neural deafness in four cases and trigeminal neuralgia in 4 cases. In addition, other rare causes were observed, such as hydrocephalus in 3 patients, road traffic accident in 2 patients, one patient had retinitis-pigmentosa, one patient had Dandy Walker syndrome and one patient had Vogt Koyangi Harada syndrome. The study showed that there was a wide variety of diseases and locations of cranial nerves involvement. The seventh and the second were the most common cranial nerves involved. Stroke and space occupying lesion were the most common causes of cranial neuropathies.
A Hidden Epidemic of “Intermediate Risk” Oropharynx Cancer

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) incidence is rapidly increasing in the United States and around the world, driven in large part by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV associated OPSCC (HPV+OPSCC) has been shown to have improved response to treatment relative to tobacco‐associated OPSCC. However, improvement in patient survival has not been uniform. Subsets of OPSCC patients in the US and around the world continue to have poor oncologic outcomes. Although the drivers of this phenomenon remain unclear, there is increasing evidence that tobacco exposure plays an important role in modulating HPV+OPSCC clinical outcomes.
Forensic epistemology: testing the reasoning skills of crime scene experts

Abstract In recent years, crime scene analysis has been transitioning from being a technical discipline to being a scientific process. This progression is shifting the forensic practitioner examining crime scenes into a deeper level of scientific reasoning. This study evaluates the use of reasoning by practitioners in the disciplines of crime scene investigations and bloodstain pattern analysis. A well-established classroom test of scientific reasoning (CTSR) was distributed online to active crime scene investigators (CSI) and bloodstain pattern analysts (BPA) (n = 213) using Qualtrics software. The survey provides quantitative data on the reasoning ability of the participating practitioners along with demographic information on education, employment status (specifically, police or civilian), and work experience. Linear regression analyses indicate that there is a significant difference between the CTSR scores and education level. The higher educated practitioner (graduate level) performed better on the reasoning test. No significant differences were found between the test scores and the years of experience, even when sectioned into 5-year increments of 5 to 25+ years of experience. Similarly, there was no difference between the test scores and employment status for the CSI group and within the BPA group. This information suggests that the level of education plays the most important role in the development and use of reasoning skills, whereas experience and employment status are not as influential. The test scores were also mapped to Piaget’s categories – concrete operational, transitional and formal operational reasoners – with 69.5% of CSI and 77% of BPA scoring as formal operational reasoners. The authors recommend that a CTSR be used for testing current and future (tertiary forensic students) practitioners for evaluating reasoning skills and identifying scientific learning gaps. This study also supports further research into forensic epistemology and pedagogy, to deepen our knowledge of science in forensic science.
Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut ditinjau dari Lingkungan Fisik

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit menular dunia. Penyakit-penyakit berbasis lingkungan memang masih merupakan penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia. Penyakit ISPA di Indonesia berada pada 10 daftar penyakit terbanyak di rumah sakit. Berdasarkan laporan Dinkes Kota Makassar yang bersumber dari bidang Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan, penyakit ISPA menjadi penyakit utama nomor 1 di Kota Makassar diantara 9 penyakit lainnya dengan jumlah kasus ISPA tahun 2015 sebanyak 45.569 dan pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 44.819 kasus. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian ISPA adalah faktor lingkungan fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar faktor risiko kualitas lingkungan fisik terhadap kejadian ISPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan sample berjumlah 59 orang yang selanjutnya diolah dengan uji crosstab. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kepadatan hunian (OR=2.030, RR=0.635, 95% CI : 0.673-6.128), ventilasi (OR=0.814, RR=1.138, 95% CI : 0.280-2.369), jenis lantai (OR=0.768, RR=1.173, 95% CI : 0.155-3.802), jenis dinding (OR=5.294, RR=0.324, 95% CI :1.499-18.695) jarak antara rumah dengan jalan raya (OR=1.167, RR=0.909, 95% CI : 0.351-3.881) dan kebiasaan membersihkan debu dalam rumah (OR=1.228, RR=0.879, 95% CI : 0.422-3.572) dengan kejadian ISPA.
THE MENTAL HEALTH STATUS OF STUDENTS OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY; A STUDY IN SHAHID SADOUGHI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, YAZD, IRAN

Background & Objectives: Mental health is one of the most important issues in various populations specially the student populations which by itself can provide a background for academic achievement or failure The aim of the present study was to investigate the mental health status of students of medicine and dentistry in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran Methods: This descriptiveanalytic and crosssectional study was performed in the academic year of 20092010 according to the Symptom Checklist90 (SCL90) test 232 questionnaires containing demographic and SCL90 questions were distributed among the systematically selected students of medicine and dentistry in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Data were analyzed using chisquare test Results : 132 students (691%) had no mental disorder while 53 (277%) had slight and 6 (32%) had moderate mental disorders The rate of severe mental disorders was zero The most commonly observed mental disorders were paranoia in 108 students (565%) sensitivity in mutual relations in 82 students (44%) and obsessive compulsive disorder in 79 students (414%) None of the demographic variables showed significant statistical relation with mental health status Conclusion: The obtained rate for suspicious cases of mental disorders in students of medicine and dentistry requires more attention in offering health consulting services for them in order to solve their psychiatry problems
Pratiques alimentaires des mères et malnutrition infantile dans le district de santé de Pitoa : Etude cas-témoin

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health thread in Africa and Cameroon as well. A study of mothers’ feeding practices and child malnutrition can contribute to identify and optimise interventions to control malnutrition. Methods: This was an analytical case/control study with a simple random sampling.Data sources were a literature review to estimate the prevalence of referred malnutrition of children, a community detection of cases and controls. A total of 386 children were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of referred infant malnutrition was 47.89% (95% CI [45.58, 50.2]). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 to 29 months. Inappropriate feeding practices significantly increased the risk of malnutrition in children with OR = 3.44 [2.05; 5.76] (P˂0.05). After adjustment by the confounding factors we obtained an adjusted OR = 3.19 [2.08; 6.35] (P = 0.0007). The most common inappropriate feeding practices were: food taboos, non-fortified porridge, early or late introduction of supplementary foods. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition remains very high in the health district of Pitoa. Poor feeding practices significantly increase the risk of malnutrition. Efficient interventions would include nutritional education and popularization of rich local foods.