Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (Juglans regia L.)

Husk powder was prepared from seven varieties of walnut fruit and their hulling rate, chemical compounds, and total phenolic contents were evaluated. The apolar and polar extracts were prepared, respectively, from hexane and a hydroethanolic solvent, while qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses were performed by GC/MS and UHPLC-PDA-HRMS/MS. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties of green walnut husk were also evaluated. The total content of phenolic compounds varied between the varieties, ranging from 35.2 ± 0.9 to 58.0 ± 0.0 mg/g gallic acid equivalent of dry husk weight (dw). The apolar extract was found to contain alkanes, tocopherols, sterols, and fatty acids, including oleic, linoleic, and linolenic, while the polar extract showed the presence of phenolics including salicylate glucuronide, taxifolin, catechin, and quercetin isomers. The antioxidant power obtained by the PAOT (total antioxidant power) method for the husk powders ranged from 256.5 ± 5.9 to 746.8 ± 6.9 score/g dw, and seemed consistent with the total phenolic content and the results obtained by the classic antioxidant test with DPPH. The walnut husk also showed an antibacterial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and cytotoxic potential against HepG2. Among the selected varieties, the green Saman had the highest antioxidant properties, while the Saman with a brown color had the lowest.
Evaluation of Intradermal PRRSV MLV Vaccination of Suckling Piglets on Health and Performance Parameters under Field Conditions

Simple Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an intradermal (ID) administration of a PRRSV-1 modified live virus (MLV) vaccine in comparison to an intramuscular (IM) administration on health and performance. A total of 187 suckling piglets of a PRRSV-positive commercial farrow-to-finish farm were assigned to four groups: group A—PRRSV ID, group B—PRRSV IM, group C—control ID, and group D—control IM. At 2 weeks of age, all of the study piglets were either vaccinated with a PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine or injected with the vaccine adjuvant (controls). The collected blood serum samples were tested by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The side effects, body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), mortality rate, and lung and pleurisy lesions scores (LLS, PLS) were also recorded. Our study demonstrated that the ID vaccination of suckling piglets with a PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine has a positive effect on the piglets’ health and performance, including an improved BW and a lower LLS and PLS index at their slaughter, as well as a decreased mortality rate at the growing/finishing stage. Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes respiratory disease in weaning and growing pigs. A vaccination against PRRSV is one of the most important control measures. This trial aimed to evaluate the effect of the intradermal (ID) administration of a PRRSV-1 modified live virus (MLV) vaccine in comparison to the intramuscular (IM) administration on the piglets’ health and performance. A total of 187 suckling piglets of a PRRSV-positive commercial farrow-to-finish farm were assigned to four groups: group A—PRRSV ID, group B—PRRSV IM, group C—control ID, and group D—control IM. At 2 weeks of age, all the study piglets were either vaccinated with a PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine or injected with the vaccine adjuvant (controls). The collected blood serum samples were tested by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The side effects, body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), mortality rate, and lung and pleurisy lesions scores (LLS, PLS) were also recorded. The ELISA results indicated that the vaccination induced an important seroconversion at 4 and 7 weeks. Significant differences in the qRT-PCR results were noticed only at 10 weeks in group A vs. group C (p < 0.01) and group B vs. group C (p < 0.05). High viral loads, as evidenced by the qRT-PCR Ct values, were noticed in animals of both non-vaccinated groups at 7, 10, and 13 weeks. An ID vaccination has a positive impact on the BW at the piglets’ slaughter, while both an ID and IM vaccination had a positive impact on the ADG. The mortality rate was lower in vaccinated groups at the finishing stage. The LLS and PLS were significantly lower in the vaccinated groups. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the ID vaccination of suckling piglets with a PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine has a positive effect on the piglets’ health and performance, including an improved BW and a lower LLS and PLS index at their slaughter, as well as a decreased mortality rate at the growing/finishing stage.
Linear stability of fluid flow down a porous inclined plane

We investigate the linear stability of a fluid flowing down an inclined permeable plane by studying the evolution in time of infinitesimal disturbances of long wavelength. We assume that the flow through the porous medium is governed by Darcy's law, and determine the critical conditions for the onset of instability in the case when the characteristic length scale of the pore space is much smaller than the depth of the fluid layer above. The results reveal that increasing the permeability of the inclined plane destabilizes the flow of the fluid layer flowing above.
Two transitions in tangentially anchored nematic droplets

In an axisymmetric approximation the author demonstrates a parity breaking transition to a twisted configuration in tangentially anchored nematic liquid crystal droplets. The twisted phase occurs when K11>or=K22+0.431K33. In a magnetic field there is another transition corresponding to the droplet axis changing from parallel to normal to the field.
Computing Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy of the Cosmos as a Double Eigenvalue Problem

We compute the dark energy and ordinary energy density of the cosmos as a double Eigenvalue problem. In addition, we validate the result using two different theories. The first theory is based on Witten’s 11 dimensional spacetime and the second is based on ‘tHooft’s fractal renormalization spacetime. In all cases, the robust result is E(O) = mc2/22 for ordinary energy and E(D) = mc2(21/22) for dark energy. Adding E(O) to E(D) we obtain Einstein’s famous equation which confirms special relativity, although it adds a quantum twist to its interpretation. This new interpretation is vital because it brings relativity theory in line with modern cosmological measurements and observations. In particular, we replace calculus by Weyl scaling in all computation which is essentially transfinite discrete.
Preoperative Risk Factors for Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a standard treatment for patients with gallstones in the gallbladder. However, multiple risk factors affect the probability of conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery. A greater understanding of the preoperative factors related to conversion is crucial to improve patient safety. In the present systematic review, we summarized the current knowledge about the main factors associated with conversion. Next, we carried out several meta-analyses to evaluate the impact of independent clinical risk factors on conversion rate. Male gender (OR = 1.907; 95%CI = 1.254–2.901), age > 60 years (OR = 4.324; 95%CI = 3.396–5.506), acute cholecystitis (OR = 5.475; 95%CI = 2.959–10.130), diabetes (OR = 2.576; 95%CI = 1.687–3.934), hypertension (OR = 1.931; 95%CI = 1.018–3.662), heart diseases (OR = 2.947; 95%CI = 1.047–8.296), obesity (OR = 2.228; 95%CI = 1.162–4.271), and previous upper abdominal surgery (OR = 3.301; 95%CI = 1.965–5.543) increased the probability of conversion. Our analysis of clinical factors suggested the presence of different preoperative conditions, which are non-modifiable but could be useful for planning the surgical scenario and improving the post-operatory phase.
Stability of wet agglomerates in granular shear flows

An agglomerate made of solid particles held together by a viscous liquid phase when sheared in an otherwise dry granular material is observed to deform by stretching. This observation, based on experimental results, is confirmed in the present paper by means of a computer simulation model. Simulations as well as experimental results indicate that the degree of deformation by stretching, a critical factor influencing the stability of such agglomerates, is governed by a dimensionless parameter of the system, called the deformation Stokes number, Stdef. Two regimes, involving high and low characteristic degrees of deformation, can be identified based upon the value of this number. Simulation results indicate that for the range of conditions simulated, the value separating the two regimes, the critical deformation Stokes number, St*def, is relatively insensitive to the agglomerate size and other parameters of the system. This critical number defines the conditions below which forces inducing agglomerate breakage are low and above which they are high and result in agglomerate break-up. Calculation and/or measurement of this parameter is essential for prediction of equilibrium sizes of agglomerates in industrial granulation operations.
Efficient RRH Activation Management for 5G V2X

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is one of the key technologies of 5G New Radio to support emerging applications such as autonomous driving. Due to the high density of vehicles, Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) will be deployed as Road Side Units to support V2X. Nevertheless, activation of all RRHs during low-traffic off-peak hours may cause energy wasting. The proper activation of RRH and association between vehicles and RRHs while maintaining the required service quality are the keys to reducing energy consumption. In this work, we first formulate the problem as an Integer Linear Programming optimization problem and prove that the problem is NP-hard. Then, we propose two novel algorithms, referred to as “Least Delete (LD)” and ”Largest-First Rounding with Capacity Constraints (LFRCC). ” The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve significantly better performance compared with existing solutions and are competitive with the optimal solution. Specifically, the LD and LFRCC algorithms can reduce the number of activated RRHs by 86<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="hwang-ieq1-3232547.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and 89<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="hwang-ieq2-3232547.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> in low-density scenarios. In high-density scenarios, the LD algorithm can reduce the number of activated RRHs by 90<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="hwang-ieq3-3232547.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. In addition, the solution of LFRCC is larger than that of the optimal solution within 7<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="hwang-ieq4-3232547.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> on average.
Animal and computational models of development of graded vowel categories

Some acoustic instances of phonetic segments are phonemically more compelling than others, and studies involving human infants and monkeys suggest that experience plays a critical role in modifying the manner in which subjects respond to between and within phonetic category differences. In this study, eight European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were trained to discriminate vowel tokens drawn from stylized distributions either of the Engish vowel categories /i/ and /I/, or of the Swedish vowel categories /y/ and /I/. Following training, responses to novel stimuli drawn from these distributions indicated that starlings’ responses generalized with facility to novel category examples. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that responses could be well predicted on the bases of F1 and F2 values and distributional characteristics of experienced vowel sounds. Responses manifested a graded structure about the central ‘‘prototypical’’ vowel of the training category. Starling response rates (/i‐I/birds) corre.
Antibiotic Prescribing Practices and Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Campylobacter Enterocolitis

Antibiotics are not routinely recommended for patients with Campylobacter enterocolitis. We conducted a retrospective review of hospitalized patients younger than 18 years diagnosed with Campylobacter enterocolitis from July 2015 to December 2019. This study aimed to investigate antibiotic prescribing practices and the clinical outcomes and to evaluate the factors associated with antibiotic use. A total of 157 patients (median age, 10.7 years) were included in this study. Most patients (93.0%) had a fever, and a quarter of the patients complained of bloody diarrhea. The overall antibiotic prescribing rate was 36.7% (57/157), 91.2% of the patients received antibiotics within hospital day 2. The semi-annual antibiotic prescribing rate ranged from 16.7 to 50.0%. There were no increasing or decreasing trends in antibiotic prescribing rates. Cephalosporins were the most prescribed antibiotics for initial antibiotic therapy. Azithromycin use increased significantly during the study period. The independent factors associated with early antibiotic therapy were leukocytosis (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 3.95; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.76–9.27), C-reactive protein ≥50 mg/L (aOR, 4.19; 95% CI, 1.84–10.21), and performing abdominal imaging studies (aOR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.55–7.99). There was no significance in defervescence between the early and no-antibiotic therapy groups (p = 0.232). A careful assessment of the need for antibiotic therapy in patients with acute diarrhea should be conducted to avoid unnecessary use. After identifying the causative pathogens, the appropriateness of antibiotic prescription should be evaluated.
Orbital migrations in planetesimal discs: N-body simulations and the resonant dynamical friction

ABSTRA C T We have performed N-body numerical simulations of the exchange of angular momentum between a massive planet and a 3D Keplerian disc of planetesimals. Our interest is directed at the study of the classical analytical expressions of the lineal theory of density waves, as representative of the dynamical friction in discs ‘dominated by the planet’ and the orbital migration of the planets with regard to this effect. By means of a numerical integration of the equations of motion, we have carried out a set of numerical experiments with a large number of particlesON $ 10 000U, and planets with the mass of Jupiter, Saturn and one core mass of the giant planets in the Solar systemOMca 10 M%U. The torque, measured in a phase in which a ‘steady forcing’ is clearly measurable, yields inward migration in a minimum-mass solar discOS , 10 g cm 22 ), with a characteristic drift time of , af ew 10 6 yr. The planets predate the disc, but the orbital decay rate is not sufficient to allow accretion in a time-scale relevant to the formation of giant planets. We found reductions of the measured torque on the planet, with respect to the linear theory, by a factor of 0.38 for Mc, 0.04 for Saturn and 0.01 for Jupiter, due to the increase in the perturbation on the disc. The behaviour of planets whose mass is larger than Mc is similar to the one of type II migrators in gaseous discs. Our results suggest that, in a minimum mass, solar planetesimals disc, type I migrations occur for masses smaller than Mc, whereas for this mass value it could be a transition zone between the two types of migration.
Meyer-Neldel rule in ZnO

Seventy years ago Meyer and Neldel investigated four polycrystalline n-type conducting ZnO rods [W. Meyer and H. Neldel, Z. Tech. Phys. (Leipzig) 12, 588 (1937)]. The specific conductivity increased exponentially with temperature. A linear relationship between the thermal activation energy for the specific conductivity and the logarithm of the prefactor was observed. Since then thermally activated processes revealing this behavior are said to follow the Meyer-Neldel (MN) rule. We show that the emission of charge carriers from deep electron traps in ZnO follows the MN rule with the isokinetic temperature amounting to 226±4K.
Macroscopic study of Lesions Affecting Genital Tract of Iraqi Ewes

A total of 660 genital tract of adult ewes slaughtered at Baghdad Abattoirs, were examined for the gross pathological conditions . One hundred thirty three (20.22%) of them showed different type of abnormalities of the total genital examined, 157 (23.87%) were pregnant and the rest 503 were non-pregnant ones. Eighteen (11.46%) of the pregnant and 115 (22.86%) of the no pregnant genitalia showed pathological conditions, Ovarobursal adhesions 51(7.72%) and paraovarian cysts 35(5.31%)were the most common abnormalities recorded. In conclusion: Such kind of abnormalities observe in genitalia slaughtered ewe could be considered as the causes of temporary infertility or permanent sterility, never the less, the percentage of slaughtered pregnant ewes was too high
Ileocolonic anastomosis–comparison of different surgical techniques: A single-center study

Right hemicolectomy (RH) is a common procedure for both benign and malignant colic disease. Different anastomotic types are performed during this procedure. To assess the association between anastomotic type and postoperative complications (PC) in patients undergoing RH. Retrospective analysis of medical records of 72 patients (39 female and 33 male), aged 24 to 93, undergoing open RH in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery. Data regarding anastomotic type [end-to-end anastomosis, side-to-side (SSA), end-to-side anastomosis, and side-to-end anastomosis (SEA)], and different clinical factors were collected. There were 21 (29%) end-to-end anastomosis, 25 (35%) SSA, 15 (21%) end-to-side anastomosis, and 11 (15%) SEA in the analyzed group. Adenocarcinoma G2 was the most frequent indication for RH - 30 (42%). Total duration of hospitalization (in days) was the longest (14, 26) after SEA and the shortest (12, 68) after SSA. PC were noted in 17(24%) patients. Wound infection was the most common complication noted in 15(21%) patients. The overall anastomotic leak rate was 7% (5/72). PC were the most frequent after SEA noted in 64% (7/11) including abdominal bleeding and bowel perforation. The overall reoperations rate was 6% (4/72). The overall mortality rate was 4% (3/72). SEA was associated with the highest incidence of postoperative complication however based on this and other studies there are no satisfying conclusions regarding the best choice of anastomosis.
ITER Relevant Testing of a Cryogenic Distillation Column System

A new experimental system has been constructed to test ITER relevant distillation columns and related cryogenic distillation (CD) hardware and control systems. These columns are used to purify tritium in the ITER fuel cycle. The ITER test column reported here has a diameter of about 30 mm and a packed length of approximately 150 cm. It can operate with a hydrogen isotope (Q 2 ) boilup of about 60 watts. Two 30 W refrigeration systems were coupled together to deliver as close as possible to 60 watts of cooling. The separation performance of the column was determined by accurately measuring the tritium concentration in the feed and product streams using a mixture of D 2 and DT gas. Conditions which yield a column theoretical plate height as low as 2.05 cm. and a plate inventory of 0.118 moles are reported. The goal of this research program is to measure the performance of ITER relevant columns, packings, condensers, and reboilers in order to minimize hydrogen (Q 2 ) and tritium holdup and to show that ITER objectives can be met with smaller diameter and lower tritium inventory columns than have previously been considered.
Ethnomedicinal Plants and Traditional Knowledge Among Local People of Sherpur Sadar and Sreebardi Upazilas Of Sherpur District, Bangladesh

An ethnomedicinal investigation was carried out in Sherpur Sadar and Sreebardi upazilas of Sherpur district to record, and document the traditional knowledge alongside with determining the consensus factor, citation frequency and fidelity level among the folklore medicinal practitioners. A total 51 plant species belonging to 49 genera and 38 families were cited with their mode of application for treating different ailments. The most frequently used plant species were represented by herbs (35.94%) followed by trees (33.33%), shrubs (19.61) and climbers (11.76). Leaves were found to be the most utilized part (50%) followed by root (14%), fruit (10%), flower (10%), stem (10%), bark (4%) and seed (2%). The reported ailments were categorized into 14 diseases and the maximum species were employed to treat digestive and gastrointestinal disorders. Leaves of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. are used in treatment of cataract without applying in eyes at the initial stage which is the first report for Bangladesh, and this species could be further screened for bioactive compound which can lead to discovery of new and potential drugs. Many species reported in the current study were found to be very rare which need to be conserved to maximize the sustainable uses of these vital resources in the study area. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 29(2): 269-282, 2022 (December)
Coherent structures and pattern formation in Rayleigh–Taylor turbulent mixing

We propose group theory analysis to study coherent structures and pattern formation in Rayleigh–Taylor turbulent mixing. Periodicity in the plane is considered as a primary symmetry element determining the discrete group of invariance of the coherent motion. We show that the requirements of isotropy and structural stability significantly confine the types of interactions and patterns, which may occur. In a two-dimensional (2D) flow, an isotropic periodic pattern has a mirror plane of reflection, and its spatial period may increase via a binary interaction, resulting in the appearance of a super-structure with a duplicated period. In 3D flows, the isotropic periodic patterns have either hexagonal or square symmetry, the interactions are essentially multi-pole, and the growth of spatial period(s) may result in loss of isotropy. Compared to other symmetries, the hexagonal symmetry is the best to ensure isotropy and structural stability of the patterns. To maintain isotropy of the coherent motion, a balance between the growth and decay of the length scales is required.
Effects of high‐flux low‐energy (20–100 eV) ion irradiation during deposition on the microstructure and preferred orientation of Ti0.5Al0.5N alloys grown by ultra‐high‐vacuum reactive magnetron sputtering

The effects of incident ion/metal flux ratio Ji/JMe and ion energy Ei on the microstructure, texture, and phase composition of polycrystalline metastable Ti0.5Al0. 5N films produced by reactive magnetron sputtering have been investigated using x‐ray diffraction (XRD), plan‐view and cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. The films, typically ≂1 μm thick, were deposited at a pressure of 20 mTorr (2.67 Pa) in pure N2 on thermally oxidized Si(001) substrates at 250±25 °C. The N2+ ion flux to the substrate was controlled by means of a variable axial magnetic field superimposed on the permanent magnetic field of the magnetron. Films deposited at Ei=20 eV (≂10 eV per incident accelerated N) with Ji/JMe=1 exhibited a complete (111) texture with a porous columnar microstructure and an average column size of ≂30 nm. Increasing Ei from 20 to 85 eV, while maintaining Ji/JMe constant at 1, resulted in a small change in texture as the XRD intensity ratio I002/(I111+.