Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 11 Country-Specificity and Industry Performance: A Configurational Analysis of the European Generic Medicines Industry

The identification of country-specific advantages for business activities is one of the most crucial issues of strategic management and international business literatures. We address this issue by examining location-specific conditions for a successful generic medicines industry within 24 European countries. The findings of our fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis show that there are no necessary conditions for the high performance or absence of the high-performance industry. By revealing the causal complexity related to the issue, however, we show that the high performance or lack of it results from a configuration of conditions. Specifically, we identify two sufficient causal configurations to both outcomes. These findings provide clear implications for generic medicines industry firms who are planning location choices of their operations. In addition, this study provides a methodological advancement to explain and understand which country elements matter more, for what outcomes, and under what conditions.
10. An integrated view of gender, fi nance and entrepreneurial capital: theory, practice and policy

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Epidermal Growth Factor-dependent Cell Cycle Progression Is Altered in Mammary Epithelial Cells That Overexpress

Amplification and overexpression of the c-myc gene are common in primary human breast cancers and have been correlated with highly proliferative tumors. Components of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor signaling pathway are also often overexpressed and/or activated in human breast tumors, and transgenic mouse models have demonstrated that c-myc and transforming growth factor a (a member of the EGF family) strongly synergize to induce mammary tumors. These bitransgenic mammary tumors exhibit a higher proliferation rate than do tumors arising in single transgenics. We, therefore, chose to investigate EGF-dependent cell cycle progression in mouse and human mammary epithehial cells with constitutive c-myc expression. In both species, c-myc overexpression decreased the doubling time of mammary epithelial cells by -6 h, compared to parental lines. The faster growth rate was not due to increased sensitivity to EGF but rather to a shortening of the G1 phase of the cell cycle following EGF-induced proliferation. In cells with exogenous c-myc expression, retinoblastoma (Rb) was constitutively hyperphosphorylated, regardless of whether the cells were growth-arrested by EGF withdrawal or were traversing the cell cycle following EGF stimulation. In contrast, the parental cells exhibited a typical Rb phosphorylation shift during G, progression in response to EGF. The abnormal phosphorylation status of Rb in c-myc-overexpressing cells was associated with premature activation of cdk2 kinase activity, reduced p27 expression, and early onset of cychin E expression. These results provide one explanation for the strong tumorigenic synergism between deregulated c-myc expression and EGF receptor The were signal transduction in the mammary tissue of transgenic mice. In addition, they suggest a possible tumorigenic mechanism for c-myc deregulation in human breast cancer. MEC model system. The results presented show that constitutive, expression of c-myc in force the cells the cell cycle but leads to cell cycle progression in EGF, with . The of constitutive phosphorylation of cdk2 cdk2 in and A1N4-myc cells to parental cells was associated expression
Awe-Inducing Interior Space: Architectural Causes and Cognitive Effects

1. EXTENDED ABSTRACT Recent work applying a Darwinian perspective to religious monumental architecture (RMA) has argued that by eliciting awe, churches and other RMA structures foster religious openness and facilitate social cohesion (Joye & Verpooten, 2013). Other recent work has found that feeling awe increases both belief in supernatural control (Valdesolo & Graham, 2014) and spiritual intention among people who are religious or spiritual (Van Cappellen & Saroglou, 2012). These findings led us to ask whether religious building designs might capitalize on such effects to promote or facilitate religious feeling. In order to elucidate how church interiors elicit awe and otherwise shape affective and cognitive processes, we investigated how built spaces induce awe. Specifically, we developed a rating scale for the measurement of physical properties of interior spaces in order to determine which architectural properties in an interior space can predict a sense of awe (Study 1). The scale was used to measure 24 architectural properties of 60 different interior spaces. Participants then viewed these 60 pre-rated images and reported their affective response to each. Their emotion ratings showed a predictive relationship between architectural properties and elicited emotion. Properties reflecting size, age, contour, and ornament significantly predicted a feeling of awe. The results from Study 1 guided the selection of stimuli for Study 2, in which we explored the effects of visually priming participants with photographs of high and low awe-inducing architectural interiors on time perception and spirituality, as well as the effects of priming participants with photographs of religious and non-religious building interiors on participant religiousness. Feeling awe led to an overestimation of time in a time-estimation task, confirming earlier findings that feeling awe expands one’s sense of time (Rudd, Vohs, & Aaker, 2012). This work establishes an initial understanding of cognitive processes underlying affective and social responses to the environmental cues of church interiors.
Changes in Seed Germination during Storage of Flower Seeds: Species Differences

This work was carried out to test the storage longevity of seeds from 10 different flower species (Dahlia, Pelargonium, Salvia, Zinnia, Petunia, Gazania, Antirrhinum, Viola, Impatiens and Tagetes). Four lots of each species were stored at 25°C for 12 and 5°C for 24 months at 6±0.5% seed moisture in hermetic conditions. After both storage conditions, the seed lots of pelargonium, gazania, zinnia and tagetes had an average germination rate of 100%, while antirrhinum, petunia, impatiens, viola, salvia and dahlia seeds had lower germination rates varying by species. The decrease in germination of antirrhinum, petunia, impatiens, salvia, dahlia and viola seed lots after 24 months storage at 5°C was 55, 29, 21, 11, 8, and 8%, respectively. The decrease in germination of salvia, dahlia, impatiens, viola, antirrhinum , and petunia seeds after 25°C storage for 12 months was 38, 15, 9, 8, 5, and 4%, respectively. The results showed that extent of seed deterioration varied among the species and should be considered for seed storage practices of flower seeds. The reasons for differences in storage behaviour of the species were discussed.
Chapter 18 Spaceborne Experiments

The Universe is the ultimate laboratory to understand the laws of nature. Under the action of the fundamental forces, lasting infinitesimal times or billion of years, matter and energy reach most extreme conditions. Using sophisticated instruments capable to select the signals reaching us from the depths of space and of time, we are able to extract information otherwise not obtainable with the most sophisticated ground based experiments. The results of these observations deeply influence the way we today look at the Universe and try to understand it. During hundreds of thousands of years we have observed the sky only using our eyes, accessing in this way only the very small part of the electromagnetic radiation which is able to traverse the atmosphere, the visible light. The first telescope observations by Galileo in 1609, which dramatically changed our understanding of the solar system, yet were based only on the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Only during the second half of the twentieth century we started to access wider parts of the spectrum. After the end of the war, using the new radar related technology, the scientists developed the radio telescopes to record the first radio images of the galaxy. But only in the 60’s, with the advent of the first man made satellites, we began to access the much wider e.m. spectrum, including infrared, UV, X-ray and γ -ray radiation. A similar situation happened with the charged cosmic radiation. Cosmic Rays, discovered by Hess in 1912 [1] using electrometers operated on atmospheric balloons, for about 40 years were the subject of very intense studies. The discovery of a realm of new particles using CR experiments, gave birth to particle physics
Understanding changes in the tropical circulation under global warming using a cloud resolving model and a conceptual model

A cloud-resolving model (CRM) is used to investigate how a prototype tropical circulation driven by a sea-surface temperature (SST) contrast changes in a warmer climate. The CRM is used to simulate a region of the atmosphere with a positive SST anomaly, and the large-scale circulation in this region is represented using the weak-temperature-gradient and damped-gravity-wave parameterizations where, the large-scale vertical velocity within the domain is related to the deviation of the simulated density profile from a reference profile representative of the tropical mean state. The behavior of the circulation in response to an increase in SST of both the domain and reference state (i.e., uniform warming) is examined. While the vertical velocity shows an increase in its maximum strength with warming, its value in the lower to mid-troposphere decreases. Since the water vapor concentration is largest in the lower troposphere, this leads to a dynamic weakening of precipitation under warming. In order to understand these results, a simple model for the thermodynamic structure of a convecting atmosphere based on a bulk entraining plume is employed. The model uses a fixed entrainment rate and the relative humidity profiles from the CRM to predict the temperature profiles of the domain and reference state. The vertical velocity profiles calculated from these predicted temperature profiles reproduce important aspects of those simulated with the CRM. This simple modeling framework reveals that the effect of entrainment is crucial to understanding the dynamic response of precipitation to warming, providing a stepping stone to understanding the factors driving changes to the tropical precipitation distribution in a future warmer climate.
Application of the COM-B model to the correlates of children’s outdoor playing and the potential role of digital interventions: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Children’s reduced engagement in outdoor playing in recent years has contributed to increasing academic and practice interests in understanding this behavior, as well as investigating the effectiveness of combined social, physical and digital interventions on stimulating children’s outdoor playing. This paper provides a systematic review of recent empirical evidence on the correlates of the outdoor playing behavior of children, ages 4–12. In addition, the potential roles of digital interventions in stimulating children’s outdoor playing are explored. The COM-B behavior change model is used to establish relevant correlates and functions of digital interventions. COM-B model defines behavior as the result of an interaction between three components: capability, opportunity and motivation. This model provides a basis for designing effective behavior change interventions. This paper’s contribution is twofold: it presents the case for adding ‘digital environment’ as a new component of the COM-B model, and it further develops a conceptual framework of different functions of digital interventions aiming at stimulating children’s outdoor playing behavior. The findings contribute to the theory-based behavior change interventions stimulating children’s outdoor playing.
INDOOR OZONE AND ELECTRONIC AIR CLEANERS

Plate and wire type Electronic Air Cleaners (EAC) are frequently found in Canadian houses. They are often sold based on their potential to improve respiratory health. EAC's produce ozone, a respiratory irritant, during operation. This project involved experiments with an airhandler and EAC in one house under varying air-change and EAC air-flow conditions. Ozone, EAC device airflow and weather data were measured continuously. Indoor ozone levels were predicted for a variety of air-change rates and outside ozone levels. The continuous operation of the EAC in these experiments could raise indoor ozone levels by up to 9 ppb over that which would be expected without EAC operation. The proposed outdoor guidelines by the Canadian Federal-Provincial Working Group on Air Quality range from 20 to 25 ppb, depending upon susceptibility. An addition of 9 ppb will push many houses to indoor ozone levels higher than proposed outdoor guidelines.
Combined intra-cavitary and interstitial image-guided adaptative brachytherapy for cervical stump carcinomas: technical and clinical results of six patients

Purpose According to European guidelines for cervix cancers, the management of cervical stump cancers should follow recommendations for patients without previous sub-total hysterectomy, but may require adaptation of radiotherapy modalities, especially brachytherapy (BT). However, data with modern BT technics are very scarce. Material and methods From May 2013 to March 2020, 6 patients (age range, 71-88 years) with cervical stump squamous cell carcinoma (previously treated by sub-total hysterectomy) have been treated with external beam radiotherapy (intensity-modulated radiation therapy – IMRT, 45 Gy in 25 fractions, 5 patients, or 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions, 1 patient), with concomitant chemotherapy in 2 patients, followed by image-guided adaptive brachytherapy with pulsed-dose-rate in 5 patients or high-dose-rate in 1 patient. We used Utrecht BT applicator (Elekta®), with the implant of interstitial needles within the parametrium (unilaterally in 3 and bilaterally in 3 patients), and/or within the residual cervix (3 patients). Dosimetry was based on GEC-ESTRO recommendations. Results The median high-risk (HR) and intermediate-risk (IR) clinical target volumes (CTV) were 14.5 cc (range, 12-35 cc) and 40 cc (range, 31-62 cc), respectively. The median dose (D90) delivered to HR and IR CTVs were 81.2 (range, 78.2-89.8) and 68.95 (range, 64.3-72.3) Gy EQD2, respectively. With a 26.5 months median follow-up (range, 10-92 months), we did not observe any local or distant recurrence. No grade 2 or more acute or late toxicities were reported. Conclusions Cervix brachytherapy with Utrecht applicator using interstitial needle is safe and effective in cervical stump cancer patients.
Different Exercise Intensity Associates with Varied Disease Biomarkers of Guts-Microbiome Genera Change in Rats: Preliminary Study

The microbiome, a community of microorganisms in the body, is currently used as a biomarker in many disease prognoses. Prevotella, Turicibacte, Bacteroides, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes are frequently used as a biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis, colorectal cancer, and obesity in ordered. The amount of gut microbiota can be changed depending on various factors such as diet, lifestyle, and exercise. However, there is unclear on how the exercise is really effective to be a disease prevention. The present study aims to investigate the different exercise intensities on gut microbiome abundance changes that could be used as a disease biomarker. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were arranged (n=6 per group) into 3 exercise intensity levels on treadmills including non-exercise group, high -exercise group (20 – 25 m/min for 60 min), and light-exercise group (10 – 15 m/min for 60 min). Rats were weighted every 2 days and stools were collected and preserved in DNA/RNA shield each week. The bacterial 16S rDNA of microbiome in feces samples was sequenced and analyzed. After week eighth of the interventions, from operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) abundance, we found that the relative abundance in bacterial genera in Prevotella and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes were significantly correlated with the experiment timepoints in different exercise intensities (Pearson’s correlation, P<0.05) compare to other genera. The exercise intensities and exercise durations can affect the relative abundance in the bacteria genus which the abundance genus Prevotella and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes could be used as a new standard biomarker in exercise as a disease prevention and exercise prescriptions. From the funding limitations, we could conclude the research results based on our data and statistic. Future research should utilize a longer investigation period.
A Systematic Approach to the Pedagogic Design of Final Year Projects: Learning Outcomes, Supervision and Assessment*

Final Year Projects (FYPs) are nowadays relevant elements of university studies leading to several kinds of degrees. However,according to literature, most often the educational purposes of FYPs and their assessment procedures and criteria remain unspecified.This fact usually affects student performance and, consequently, it negatively nuances the educational aim of the FYP. Within thispaper, the authors report on an effort to define a pedagogic design for final year projects in engineering university studies. This designincludes a definition of the expected learning outcomes, a supervision scheme for final year projects and an assessment process. Thedefinition of the expected learning outcomes has been made based on competences. Such a definition has served as a basis for designinga supervision process coherent with the expected educational outcomes. The competence-based definition of the educational outcomes has also been used as a reference for designing the assessment system. Crucial aspects of this systematic approach are the competence-based definition of educational outcomes, the relation among educational outcomes, supervision process and assessment procedure andcriteria and the methodology for mark weighting. Nevertheless, the applied methodology allows for easy adaptation of specific aspectsto different contexts.
Novice Chemistry Teachers’ Instructional Strategies in Teaching Mixed-Ability Classrooms

: This qualitative study sought to explore Malaysian novice chemistry teachers' experiences in teaching mixed-ability students during their teaching practicum, focusing on their instructional strategies for dealing with those learners in the class. The researchers employed purposive sampling to select 12 trainee teachers to be involved in semi-structured interviews. The data collected were analysed using the constant comparative method. As a result, two themes emerged regarding participants' instructional strategies: the whole-class approach and adjustment to the learners’ needs. This paper discusses the first theme, which consists of three sub-themes: active learning activities, the use of stimulating learning materials, and assessment practice. Even though novice chemistry teachers primarily engaged mixed-ability students through whole-class instruction, the study found they emphasised active classroom engagement and collaboration between students in their classroom. Besides, they did consider students’ interests and preferences when selecting activities and materials for their lessons. However, the study found that novice teachers mainly did not utilise the data from the formative assessments to inform their decisions in differentiating instruction for mixed-ability learners in class. Though there are differences in students’ ability in class, the teachers generally opted for a ‘one-size-fits-all’ strategy for all students in most lessons. The study recommends that teacher training institutions and related stakeholders provide adequate training for novice chemistry teachers to improve their knowledge and skills in practising differentiated instruction
Faculty and Community Partners’ Teachable Moments in Service-Learning

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand similarities and differences between faculty and community partners’ teachable moments with college students in service-learning. Twenty-two faculty and 20 community partners reported on four main themes. Similarities included students understanding differences between themselves and the people they worked with and gaining real-world experience. Differences occurred with faculty describing the importance of challenging student beliefs and community partners emphasizing their role in teaching students about their field. This research illuminates how faculty and community partners can utilize teachable moments to maximize student learning during the service-learning experience.
A Fully Packaged Bandpass Filter on Stripline Patch Resonator With Wide Upper Stopband

In this letter, a fully packaged dual-mode bandpass filter (BPF) with wide upper stopband is presented. The stripline patch resonator loaded by the shorting slabs is adopted to achieve the dual-mode bandpass performance under operation of TM00 mode and TM01 mode. To remove other harmonic resonances of the stripline patch resonator, a common-mode double-point inset-feeding technique is proposed at the very beginning to prevent the excitation of high-order modes. To verify the design concept, a prototype packaged dual-mode BPF working at 4.0 GHz with the fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 8.2% is designed and fabricated using the multilayer liquid crystal polymer (LCP) circuit technology. Final results theoretically demonstrate and experimentally confirm that a wide stopband rejection up to $4. 3f_{0}$ is obtained, well verifying the feeding method.
Silence in an EFL Classroom: The Interplay of Schwab’s Four Commonplaces

This qualitative research aims to seek causes for silence in an English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom. To do so, the researchers went to one university in Thailand, and then interviewed and observed 10 students who enrolled in the Fundamental University English I course and consented to participate in the study. An analysis of the transcribed data helped the researchers identify four possible causes for silence in this particular EFL classroom. They were: (1) the EFL teacher, (2) the students themselves and their classmates, (3) the teaching material and its content, and (4) the classroom environment. More importantly, these four commonplaces appeared to be entwined. That is, the less friendly the student participants felt their teacher and their classmates were, the less the students enjoyed their English class; the more pressured the classroom environment was; the more the students would be silent, and vice versa.