Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE EVALUATING MIR168A LEVELS IN PROCESSED POTATOES AND MAMMALIAN SERA

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are short, non-coding segments of RNA that regulate gene expression and are endogenously produced by plants and mammals. Recent evidence has indicated that exogenous plant microRNAs acquired through diet may have the ability to regulate mammalian gene expression in a phenomena termed cross-kingdom regulation. The results of these studies remain controversial, and it remains contested as to whether or not exogenous microRNAs can truly be absorbed into the mammalian serum via diet. Additionally, while these studies have evaluated the effect of exogenous, dietary plant microRNAs on mammalian gene expression, they have yet to examine the effects of processing on exogenous plant microRNA absorption. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the levels of a specific microRNA, miR168a, in processed, namely baked and chipped, White Atlantic and Purple Majesty potatoes. Furthermore, this study also sought to evaluate the levels of miR-168a in the serum of pigs that had been fed these processed White Atlantic and Purple Majesty potatoes. It was thought that chipped samples of both potato varieties would show the greatest decrease in miR-168a levels in comparison to raw or baked samples. In addition, it was thought that pigs fed these potatoes would show increased serum levels of miR-168a in comparison to pigs fed a control diet. More specifically, it was thought that pigs fed chipped varieties of both potatoes would show the smallest increase in serum levels of miR-168a in comparison to pigs fed raw or baked varieties of both potatoes. Ultimately, this study showed that processing decreased levels of miR-168a in White Atlantic and Purple Majesty potatoes. Additionally, miR-168a was absorbed from White Atlantic and Purple Majesty potatoes into the serum of pigs fed those potatoes. It appeared that absorption was variety-dependent, and miR-168a was better absorbed into the serum of pigs fed
Factors Influencing Dividend Payout Policy of Firms Listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange

Dividend policy decisions in the emerging markets have continued to receive attention lately in academic research due to the differences observed between developed and emerging markets and sparse empirical evidence in this area. This research is directed towards the emerging markets in Africa. It investigates dividend decisions in 299 companies listed in Nigeria on Nigerian stock exchange market. This paper compares dividend decisions in the pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis periods. Six possible determinants of dividend policy were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis for a period of 13 years (2002 to 2014). The companies are segregated into active and dead groups for the purpose of the analysis. This paper contributes to the current body of knowledge by giving more insights to dividend policy in the largest economy in Africa taking account of the financial crisis of 2008. Liquidity and growth opportunities are common predictors in the three periods. Results are in support of agency, pecking order and signalling theories. The predictors in the regression model explain 42% variability in dividend policy before the crisis in Nigeria but about 20% during and afterwards.
MAIZE YIELD AND LEAF PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN RESPONSE TO PLANTING DENSITIES AND APPLICATION OF YUHUANGJIN, AS A NEW PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR

This study aims to analyze the effects of plant growth regulator on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and yield of spring maize under different planting densities in Northeast China. ‘Dongnong 253’ was used as the material in this experiment and was planted at the densities of 5, 6, 7 and 8 plants m. The plants were sprayed at the jointing stage with the "Yuhuangjin" plant growth regulator. The results showed that increasing the planting density effectively increased the production of the maize populations, while it led to a decrease in the chlorophyll content, angle between the stem and leaf (ABSL) in the ear leaf, single plant dry weight and photosynthetic efficiency, as well as increases in the plant height, ear height and lodging risk. The application of "Yuhuangjin" decreased the plant height and ear height and increased the dry matter accumulation per plant and lodging resistance, increased the ABSL in the ear leaf, reduced the degree of overshadowing in the prophase, extended the duration of high leaf area index (LAI), delayed the senescence process of the leaf and improved the canopy aeration and transmittance capability. The application of "Yuhuangjin" improved the photosynthetic capacities and maintained higher stable photosynthesis by significantly improving the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as Fv/Fm, Y(II), and qP and decreasing Y(NO) and qN. This study showed that the highest yield was 11428.18 kg ha after the "Yuhuangjin" treatment at the planting density of 7 plants m. This experiment provided theoretical and experimental evidence for the effect of increased production from the use of plant growth regulator and high-density planting cultivation on spring maize in Northeast China.
Technical Report: Jointly Optimizing Content Caching and Recommendations in Small Cell Networks

Caching decisions typically seek to cache content that satisfies the maximum possible demand aggregated over all users. Recommendation systems, on the contrary, focus on individual users and recommend to them appealing content in order to elicit further content consumption. In our paper, we explore how these, phenomenally conflicting, objectives can be jointly addressed. First, we formulate an optimization problem for the joint caching and recommendation decisions, aiming to maximize the cache hit ratio under minimal controllable distortion of the inherent user content preferences by the issued recommendations. Then, we prove that the problem is NP-complete and that its objective function lacks those monotonicity and submodularity properties that would guarantee its approximability. Hence, we proceed to introduce a simpler heuristic algorithm that essentially serves as a form of lightweight control over recommendations so that they are both appealing to end-users and friendly to network resources. Finally, we draw on both analysis and simulations with real and synthetic datasets to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. We point out its fundamental properties, provide bounds for the achieved cache hit ratio, and study its sensitivity to its own as well as system-level parameters.
Implementation of Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) in measuring the efficiency zakat fund management

This study aims to determine the efficiency level of management of zakat funds at the National Zakat Amil Agency (BAZNAS). The author uses the quantitative non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Total assets, promotion, and documentation costs, and official travel costs as input variables. Whereas the output variance consists of receiving zakat funds and distributing zakat funds. The results showed that BAZNAS experienced efficiency in 2012-2014 and 2017 with a score of 100%. Inefficiencies occurred in 2015 at 79.16% and in 2016 amounted to 98.72%. In 2015-2016, all input variables experienced inefficiency, while the output variable was the only inefficient distribution of zakat funds. In overcoming, inefficiencies can be adjusted between the target and actual quantities specified in the DEA calculation. The author recommends that BAZNAS pay attention to the causes of inefficiency so that it can improve performance better.
Population status of the American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus (Reptilia: Crocodilidae) and the caiman, Caiman crocodilus (Reptilia: Alligatoridae), in the Central Caribbean of Costa Rica

American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus)(Reptilia:Crocodilidae) and caiman (Caiman crocodilus)(Reptilia:Alligatoridae) population status, in the Costarican Central Caribbean. Two species of crocodilians have been described in Costa Rica, american crocodile (Crocodylus acutus: Cuvier 1807), and caiman (Caiman crocodilus: Linnaeus 1758). In Costa Rica, data has been generated on both species, but populations in the Pacific have received more attention from researchers; due to the fact that the Pacific slope has a greater development, which brings greater social pressure on the attention of the incidents generated by the encounter between humans and crocodiles. This study, performed during 2017, was done in an area of approximately 400 km2, characterized by having a wide and dense network of water courses, which includes the Matina, Pacuare, Reventazón and Parismina rivers. In these rivers, an average of 25 kilometers were traveled from the coastline up stream to the interior of the territory, including the Tortuguero canals, and other water bodies that connect these rivers, as well as in the most important lagoons and secondary channels. Three repetitions were made per segment. A population of 1084 caimans and 503 crocodiles is estimated; for a relative abundance of 8.64 and 2.80 ind/Km respectively. Speaking of caimans, up to 12% of individuals of reproductive age were observed, while for crocodiles that number was only 2%. The presence of both species in the different places studied, turned out to be significantly different for crocodiles and for caimans (Kruskal-Wallis, p≤0,000). Likewise, the size distribution is similar for crocodiles reported in all environments (Kruskal-Wallis, p≤0.15), while for caimans it indicates that there is a different distribution for sizes, according to the environment in which they are found (Kruskal -Wallis, p≤0,000), with a bias against of the Pacuare and Matina rivers. It was possible to estimate a sex ratio of 1.25 and 0.83 males to females, in crocodiles and caimans respectively, with 9 and 11 captures in that same order, in individuals of recruits, juvenile and subadult sizes. The Matina River and the Jalova Lagoon are the two main sites for the observation of crocodiles, their abundances are lower than those reported for the Pacific of Costa Rica, in whereas caimans, with a more homogeneous distribution throughout the sampling area, have a relative abundance considerably more than that reported in Honduras (2.2 ind/km), but lower than the 12.5 reported forLa Rambla de Sarapiquí, in the Northern Zone of Costa Rica.
The neural correlates of ideation in product design engineering practitioners

In product design engineering (PDE), ideation involves the generation of technical behaviours and physical structures to address specific functional requirements. This differs from generic creative ideation tasks, which emphasise functional and technical considerations less. To advance knowledge about the neural basis of PDE ideation, we present the first fMRI study on professional product design engineers practising in industry. We aimed to explore brain activation during ideation, and compare activation in open-ended and constrained tasks. Imagery manipulation tasks were contrasted with ideation tasks in a sample of 29 PDE professionals. The key findings were: (1) PDE ideation is associated with greater activity in left cingulate gyrus; (2) there were no significant differences between open-ended and constrained tasks; and (3) a preliminary association with activity in the right superior temporal gyrus was also observed. The results are consistent with existing fMRI work on generic creative ideation, suggesting that PDE ideation may share a number of similarities at the neural level. Future work includes: functional connectivity analysis of open-ended and constrained ideation to further investigate potential differences; investigating the effects of aspects of design expertise/training on processing; and the use of novelty measures directly linked to the designer’s internal processing in fMRI analysis.
IMPROVING PRE-HOSPITAL PAEDIATRIC PAIN MANAGEMENT

Introduction Pain is one of the most frequently reported symptoms to UK ambulance services and pain management is a known area for improvement. This is especially true for paediatric patients who may not be able to communicate their levels of pain as effectively as adults. Method A criterion-based retrospective clinical audit evaluated pain assessment and management for children less than 12 years old who reported a suspected fracture. To determine how pain assessments could be improved, an investigation of pain assessment methods used in other areas of the NHS was undertaken. A laminated card was produced and distributed to all clinicians for use when assessing pain in children. The card contains an amended version of the Wong-Baker faces to help clinicians assess and monitor paediatric patients' levels of pain with a reminder of the analgesic options available for children. Paediatric pain assessment and pain management was re-audited following introduction of the card. Results Prior to introduction of the card, the data showed paediatric pain management as a considerable area of concern for the ambulance service. A pain assessment was undertaken for 64% of patients. When a pain assessment was undertaken, and the child reported they were in pain, only 23% of patients received pharmacological pain relief. The introduction of the card resulted in great improvements. A pain assessment was documented for 96% of patients, representing an improvement of 32% from the original audit. When analgesia was indicated, it was administered to 66% of patients, an improvement of 43%. Despite this improvement, pain was still not managed effectively for 34% of patients. Conclusion Further improvement is required to ensure every paediatric patient has their pain assessed and managed effectively. The laminated card has been redesigned and distributed, in conjunction with a pain training strategy. In addition, further analgesic options for paediatric patients have been investigated.
Importance of pap smear in STD clinic pioneer study from India.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the associations between sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis/clinical syndromes and abnormal PAP smears. Material & Methods: A study of cervical cytology was carried out on 300 new patients at STD clinic at Rajindra Hospital Patiala. Diagnosis was made on the basis of history and clinical examination. Serological test for syphilis (STS) and PAP smear fasting blood sugar (FBS) and urine complete examination were done in all the cases. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing could be done in 112 cases only. Smears for candida trichomonas and gonorrhea were taken in all vulvovaginitis patients. Results were recorded in a STD case file. Results: Patients with various genital infections visiting the outpatients in decreasing order of frequency were vulvovaginitis 151/300 (50.3 per cent); molluscum contaginosum 60/300(20 per cent); herpes simplex 41/300(13.7 per cent); syphilis 33/300(11 per cent); genital warts 12/300(4 per cent) and chancroid 3/300 (1 per cent) respectively. Previous PAP smear was not taken in any case. PAP smear showed normal cytology in 131/300 (43.7 per cent); inflammatory cytology 159/300(53 per cent) and dysplastic {cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-1 to CIN-3)} changes in 11/300 (3.6 per cent) cases. Conclusion: Higher proportions of abnormal than normal smears were also found in women with chancroid herpes simplex genital warts and HIV infected individuals. These findings suggest a serious need for cervical cytology screening in STD clinics. (authors)
Nutritional management of very low birth weight at a hospital center of Antananarivo

Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) new-borns represent vulnerable group. The lower the birth weight, the higher the mortality rate. The objective of this study was to describe the nutritional management of VLBW new-borns and to determine their hospital outcome. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out during 24 months in a hospital center of Antananarivo. All newborns weighing less than 1500 g at birth and admitted to neonatal resuscitation service were included. Results: Of the 577 newborns admitted during this period, 48 were retained as very low birth weight. All had less than to 37 gestational age. New-borns less than or equal to 32 gestational age had a 4.02-fold risk of dying. VLBW with a birth weight less than 1,000 g were 2.12 times more likely to die than those between 1,000 and 1,499 g. The use of artificial milk was neither associated with the onset of digestive intolerance nor associated with VLBW early outcome. Conclusions: Hospital nutritional management of VLBW requires specific and delicate care. Breast milk is ideal for the newborn. But if it is not available immediately, the alternative that is not disadvantageous is artificial milk.
Factors Affecting the Continuance to Share Location on Social Networking Sites: The Influence of Privacy Concern, Trust, Benefit and the Moderating Role of Positive Feedback and Perceived Promotion Innovativeness

Location sharing becomes an indispensable part of SNS which brings business many opportunities and fosters sustainable business activities by increasing the efficiency of location promoting. This study is to investigate the factors that affect location sharing behavior among SNS users and how to sustain these behaviors. The results emphasize the critical roles of privacy concern, trust in SNS providers and members, impression management, incentive on perceived risk and benefit and therefore impact to attitude to share the location information. Notably, this study contributes to post-adoption literature when examining the relationship between attitude to share location to the continuous location sharing behavior under the moderating effect of positive feedback and perceived promotion innovativeness. Detailed discussions and future research directions are provided.
Long-term sub-micron aerosol chemical composition in the boreal forest: inter- and intra-annual variability

Abstract. The Station for Measuring Ecosystem Atmosphere Relations (SMEAR) II is well known among atmospheric scientists due to the immense amount of observational data it provides of the earth–atmosphere interface. Moreover, SMEAR II plays an important role in large European research infrastructures, enabling the large scientific community to tackle climate and air pollution related questions, utilising the high-quality long-term data sets recorded at the site. So far, the well-documented site was missing the description of the seasonal variation of aerosol chemical composition that is crucial for understanding the complex biogeochemical and -physical processes governing the forest ecosystem. Here, we report the sub-micron aerosol chemical composition and its variability utilising data measured between 2012 and 2018 using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM). We observed a bimodal seasonal trend in the sub–micron aerosol concentration culminating in February (2.7, 1.6, 5.1 µg m−3 for median, 25th, 75th percentiles, respectively) and July (4.2, 2.2, and 5.7 µg m−3 for median, 25th, 75th percentiles, respectively). The wintertime maximum was linked to an enhanced presence of inorganic aerosol species (ca. 50 %) whereas the summertime maximum (ca. 80 % organics) to biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. During the exceptionally hot Julys of 2014 and 2018, the organic aerosol concentrations were up to 70 % higher than the 7–year July mean. The projected increase of heat wave frequency over Finland will most likely influence the loading and chemical composition of aerosol particles in the future. Our findings suggest strong influence of meteorological conditions such as radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed and direction on aerosol chemical composition. To our understanding, this is the longest time series reported describing the aerosol chemical composition measured online in the boreal region, but the continuous monitoring will be maintained also in the future.
BDNF infusion into the sensorimotor cortex promotes sprouting of inact corticospinal fibers within the spinal cord after a unilateral pyramidal lesion

More than half of all spinal cord injuries are anatomically incomplete, yet many of these result in complete loss of motor function below the level of injury. One approach to enhance functional recovery is to exploit spared CNS axons (that extend past the point of injury) to sprout and connect to potential targets. We have previously found that application of the neurotrophin; BDNF, to the sensory-motor cortex stimulates expression of regeneration associated genes such as GAP-43, and Tal tubulin, and results in enhanced sprouting of injured corticospinal fibers rostral to the site of injury. Here, we investigated whether infusion of BDNF into the intact sensorimotor cortex induces sprouting of undamaged corticospinal fibers into denervated cervical spinal cord. We also studied the effect of this treatment using several behavioral tasks: gait analysis, forelimb inhibition during swimming, and food pellet reaching task. The results show that BDNF infusion into the intact sensorimotor cortex subsequent to a unilateral pyramidal lesion increases (3.2 fold) the sprouting of intact corticospinal fibers into the denervated, contralateral grey matter at the lumbar level of the spinal cord when compared with vehicle treated rats. This effect was not seen at the cervical level of the spinal cord. Functionally, unilateral pyramidal injury of corticospinal axons significantly increased toe spread of the contralateral denervated forelimb and hindlimb when compared to the uninjured side. BDNF treatment showed a recovery to presurgical levels. Testing of fine motor control with a food pellet reaching task demonstrated deficits in the impaired forelimb but did not show any improvement due to BDNF treatment.
Psychological capital and happiness at the workplace: The mediating role of flow experience

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of the study to establish the mediating role of flow experience on the relationship between psychological capital and happiness at the workplace with a focus on public hospitals in Uganda. This study was cross-sectional and a total sample size of 800 professional nurses in public hospitals in Uganda was considered. The findings indicated that flow experience partially mediates the relationship between psychological capital and happiness at the workplace. Besides, the finding also indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between psychological capital and happiness at the workplace. The findings correspond to the argument that in the face of the variety of theoretical and practical implications provided, there is a need for professional workers to be innately involved in their work if their psychological capital is to affect their level of happiness at the workplace. However, this paper is limited by the fact that the respondents’ emotions were examined through a cross-sectional research design and the time effects of these emotions were not examined and remain unknown under this study.
HyperNetworks

This work explores hypernetworks: an approach of using one network, also known as a hypernetwork, to generate the weights for another network. We apply hypernetworks to generate adaptive weights for recurrent networks. In this case, hypernetworks can be viewed as a relaxed form of weight-sharing across layers. In our implementation, hypernetworks are are trained jointly with the main network in an end-to-end fashion. Our main result is that hypernetworks can generate non-shared weights for LSTM and achieve state-of-the-art results on a variety of sequence modelling tasks including character-level language modelling, handwriting generation and neural machine translation, challenging the weight-sharing paradigm for recurrent networks.