Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of gamma irradiation on red blood cells at different storage period: A comparative study

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the effect of gamma irradiation on the haematological and biochemical parameters of the allogeneic red blood cells units at different storage duration. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted at the Blood Bank unit, Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Services of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) in year 2013. Total 36 allogeneic red blood cell units were selected by simple random sampling method and divided into two groups, 18 units in each group based on the storage period into i) up to 14 days and ii) >14 days to expiry. Pre and post irradiation samples were taken immediately before and after irradiation of the units to analyse for the haematological parameters such as plasma Hb level, percent red cell haemolysis, haemoglobin per unit blood (Hb/unit), haematocrit (HCT), red cell indices such as mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and biochemical parameters such as plasma sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ) and LDH levels. Data was collected and statistical analysis was done. Results: Statistically significant changes were observed between red cell units of up to 14 days and > 14 days old and pre irradiated samples in terms of plasma haemoglobin level, percent red cell haemolysis and plasma Na + , K + and LDH levels. However, pre and post irradiation samples in each group of 14 days and >14 days showed significant changes in the plasma Hb and % haemolysis, Hb/unit, HCT, MCV and MCH in 14 days group while only in plasma Hb, MCV and MCH in >14 days group without any effect on plasma Na + , K + and LDH levels in both group. Conclusion : Comparison at two different red cells storage groups i.e. period of up to 14 days and >14 days, showed significant changes in haematological and biochemical parameters. In the pre irradiation group this reflects the gradual storage changes over time even without going through the irradiation process. On the other hand, the changes between pre and post–irradiation for both the groups of storage showed significant haematological changes indicating irradiation itself also causes significant changes. In view of all these findings, we recommend to irradiate the allogeneic red cell units within 14 days of collection to reduce the adverse effects resulted from irradiation on the cellular products. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.30-35
Immunohistochemical study of &bgr;-catenin and HER2/neu in colorectal carcinoma

Background Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women. &bgr;-Catenin plays an important role in the WNT signaling pathway. Mutations in Wnt/adenomatous polyposis coli/&bgr;-catenin (CTNNB1) signaling pathway members have been found in many colorectal carcinomas. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu (HER2/neu) gene is located on the chromosomal region 17q12. It encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the EGF/erbB growth factor receptor family. HER2/neu expression has been reported in colorectal cancer and is one of the most promising targeted therapies in the treatment of this type of malignancy. Aim The aim of this study was to study the significance of &bgr;-catenin and HER2/neu expression in colorectal carcinomas in correlation with the histopathological parameters. Materials and methods This study included 58 previously diagnosed cases of colonic adenocarcinoma together with the adjacent mucosa of all cases. Immunohistochemical expression of &bgr;-catenin and HER2/neu was studied, and correlation of their expression with different histopathologic features was performed. Results A statistically significant relationship was found between &bgr;-catenin expression and the tumor grade, the stage, and the lymph node status, whereas the relationship of HER2/neu expression with other parameters was statistically insignificant. Conclusion The evaluation of &bgr;-catenin expression combined with other pathologic parameters may yield more accurate information about the prognosis of colonic adenocarcinoma, whereas no such information may be obtained with HER2/neu expression.
The REFER (REFer for EchocaRdiogram) study: a prospective validation and health economic analysis of a clinical decision rule, NT-proBNP or their combination in the diagnosis of heart failure in primary care.

Background Heart failure is a treatable condition but making a diagnosis can be challenging. Objective To evaluate the performance of a clinical decision rule (CDR) with or without a natriuretic peptide assay for identifying heart failure in symptomatic patients presenting to primary care. Design Prospective, observational, diagnostic validation study and economic evaluation. Setting Twenty-eight general practices in central England, UK. Participants Primary care patients aged ≥ 55 years presenting with recent new-onset shortness of breath, lethargy or peripheral ankle oedema of > 48 hours’ duration. Instrument The CDR included a clinical element (male, history of myocardial infarction, crepitations at the lung bases and oedema) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) blood test. The reference standard was an expert consensus panel of three cardiology specialists. Main outcome measure The main outcome measure was test performance of the CDR and the natriuretic peptide test alone, and in combination, in estimating sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for a diagnosis of heart failure. Economic evaluation of a decision tree with a NHS/Personal Social Services perspective determined the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Results In total, 304 participants were recruited to the validation cohort. The mean age was 73.9 years (standard deviation 8.8 years) and 124 (40.8%) participants were male. In total, 104 [34.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 28.9% to 39.8%] had a confirmed diagnosis of heart failure. The CDR had a sensitivity of 90% (95% CI 83% to 95%), specificity of 46% (95% CI 39% to 53%), PPV of 46% (95% CI 39% to 53%) and NPV of 90% (95% CI 83% to 95%). NT-proBNP level alone with a cut-off point of Conclusions Natriuretic peptide testing alone performed as well as the validated CDR in determining which patients presenting with symptoms went on to have a diagnosis of heart failure. The current NT-proBNP cut-off point of 400 pg/ml used in the UK is too high and means that one in five patients with heart failure may not be appropriately referred for further investigation and diagnosis, but this threshold was cost-effective in the REFer for EchocaRdiogram (REFER) trial. The study found only three patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF), which might limit the benefits of early detection. The other diagnostic strategies with lower NT-proBNP referral levels become more cost-effective as the proportion of HFREF patients increases. International consensus on the optimal cut-off point for natriuretic peptide testing in patients with symptoms suggestive of heart failure should be sought. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN17635379. Funding This project was funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) programme, a MRC and NIHR partnership.
Teachers’ perceptions and attitudes on the inclusive education of students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A literature review

The researchers conducted a literature review of teachers’ perceptions and attitudes on the inclusive education of students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Research was conducted in ERIC, PsychLIT, EBSCO, Medline, and PubMed in order to find the relevant literature, using the following keywords “Teachers”, “Perceptions”, “Attitudes”, “Children with Autism”. From the search, 55 relevant research articles and dissertations were found. Results indicated that the majority of the teachers have limited or inadequate knowledge and basic misconceptions about ASD. They also have negative attitudes on the inclusive education of these students. On the other hand, few teachers have positive attitudes towards the integration of autistic pupils. A sufficient percentage of teachers have different attitudes/views on ASD. Additionally, this review revealed that some teachers hold neutral attitudes on the integration of these pupils. Furthermore, several educators perceive students with autism differently from typical students. This review suggests that teachers should receive more training on autism and the effective educational practices for these students. In this way, they will develop positive attitudes towards autistic children’s educational integration. The rest of of six and seven months teaching children, 64.9% The potential predictors in their research were with the schools’ relationship an Autism Network, and the type of school (general or special). The survey’s results demonstrated a positive view of teachers’ expectations on the education of students with autism. Despite the fact that all three above variables were useful for predicting special education teachers’ attitudes, the most the who took part this study indicated the urgent for better knowledge, information and social consisting of two phases, and employed both data from a questionnaire and qualitative case studies. The specific study only relates to the first phase of their research which included the answers to the questionnaire about teachers’ attitudes. Four hundred and four teachers from seven schools in took part in the study. The results showed a continuing need to help teachers build their own confidence and gain knowledge so that they can effectively care for autistic pupils in ordinary classes. Teachers’ self-confidence in meeting the educational needs of autistic children (i.e. their effectiveness) was reported as being limited, but teachers did state that they were actively aware of the need to socially integrate such pupils into the ordinary school environment.
Role of Catecholamines in Heat Production in the Myocardium

A myothermic technique was used to measure the heat production of rabbit papillary muscles contracting isometrically. By progressively shortening papillary muscle it was possible to abolish active tension development; but even when this was done, there was still a phase of tension-independent heat liberated when the muscle was stimulated. This heat corresponds to the activation heat of skeletal muscle. It was liberated early in the contraction cycle and would normally have been complete shortly after the time peak tension was developed. Epincphrine approximately doubled the rate at which this heat was produced and could double its magnitude. Exposure of the muscle to 1.0 mM caffeine for 45 minutes reduced developed tension and prolonged the contraction interval. Although these mechanical effects were distinctly different from those produced by epinephrine, caffeine also increased the magnitude of the tension independent heat. If epinephrine was added after prior exposure of the muscle to caffeine, the increment in the magnitude of this component was potentiated so that the tension-independent heat might have a value three to six times normal. The size of the increase in the magnitude of the tension-independent heat, caused either by epinephrine or caffeine, depended upon the external calcium concentration. The increments were large in 2.5 or 5.0 mM calcium, but were only small in 0.6 mM calcium.
Intraoperative Nerve Fascicle Identification Using Choline Acetyltransferase

The enzymatic activity of choline acetyltransferase (choline acetylase-ChAC) has been previously found to differ between motor and sensory nerve fascicles. ’ In samples removed from fresh cadavers, motor nerve fascicles demonstrated eight times higher activity of ChAC in comparison to sensory fascicles. This preliminary report describes the intraoperative use of this nerve identification technique, which has proved to be practical for the rapid and precise matching of cut nerve ends.
EFFECTS OF TWO MODELS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING ON READING COMPREHENSION AND VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN EKITI STATE

This study investigated the effects of two models of cooperative learning on reading comprehension and vocabulary development among secondary school students in Ekiti State. The research also determined the probable best strategy out of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC), Student Team-Achievement Division (STAD) and conventional strategies in reading comprehension and vocabulary development. The target population for the study are all the 21,028 Senior Secondary School (SSS) two students in public secondary schools in Ekiti State. The sample of the study was 120 S.S. S. 2 students drawn from six secondary schools in Ekiti State using multi-stage sampling technique. Quasi experimental design was adopted for the study. Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Achievement Test (RCVAT) was used to collect data. The data collected in this study were subjected to ANOVA, ANCOVA, Post-hoc and Multiple Classification analyses at α = 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that STAD strategy was the most effective strategy, followed by CIRC strategy. Based on the findings, it was recommended that English teachers should adopt STAD and CIRC strategies as effective learning models in order to improve students’ performance in reading comprehension and vocabulary development.
Prognostic value of CD10, BCL-6, MUM-1, and CD138 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Introduction Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) encompass a heterogeneous group of aggressive tumors that are rapidly fatal if untreated. Two major groups of tumors with uneven survival outcomes, germinal center B-cell lymphomas (GCBs) and nongerminal center B-cell lymphomas (non-GCB), are described. Aim We investigated the expression of CD10, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (BCL-6), MUM-1, and CD138 to evaluate their prognostic value. Materials and methods Paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies of 62 DLBCL patients were retrospectively analyzed by immunohistochemistry to investigate the expression of CD10, BCL-6, MUM-1, and CD138. We also studied the possible correlations of these markers with the clinical presentations and overall survival. Results Positive expression of CD10, BCL-6, MUM-1 and CD138 were 45.2%, 64.5%, 45.2% and 14.5%, respectively. Thirty two out of sixty two (51.6%) patients were subgrouped as GCB and 30 of 62 (48.4%) of patients were subgrouped as non-GCB. Overall survival in the GCB and non GCB groups was 65.1% and 34.9%, respectively and the difference was highly significant statistically (P=0.001). CD10 being associated with better overall survival (P=0.006), whereas positive MUM-1 and CD138 was associated with poor overall survival (P=0.007 and P=0.001 respectively). Using a multivariate regression analysis, the expression of CD138 (P=0.011) was statistically significant as independently poor prognostic factors. Conclusion CD138 may play an important role as a poor prognostic marker in DLBCL in the Egyptian population.
Determination of relative dissociation energy from electro-optics as a single-proposed new parameter of vegetable oil quality

In this report, we determine the relative dissociation energy as a single new proposed parameter of oil quality through changes of light polarization of the electro-optics effect on cooking oil. The sample was canola oil which had been heated in 0.5 hours, 2 hours and 4 hours. The light source used in the experiment was a green pointer laser with a wavelength of 532 nm. The sample was applied to a potential difference from 0 to 9 kV to obtain the electro-optics effect in form of the change of the polarization angle as function of potential differenceV. The relative dissociation energy was obtained from the fitting data of the relative Lenard-Jones potential energy curves represented by change of polarization per unit change of potential difference, /V. The result shows that the relative Lenard-Jones potential energy as function of relative molecular distance fit with the experimental data of /V. The relative dissociation energy is reduced as the canola oil quality decreased after heated. The relative dissociation energy provides simple physical understanding about electro-optics effect on cooking oils. The study of electro-optics polarization that represents relative LenardJones potential energy is a new but somewhat intuitive, which can be further improved and emphasized for grouping, mapping, and determining various cooking oil quality and halal food due to the lard contamination.
Minimize Download Time and Energy Consumption Using Multi Storage and Proxy Based Collaboration

: The explosive growth of mobile data traffic poses severe pressure on cellular providers to better manage their finite spectrum. Proposed solutions such as congestion-pricing exist, but they degrade users’ ability to use the network when they want. In this paper, we propose a fundamentally different approach - rather than reducing the aggregate busy hour traffic, we seek to smooth the peaks that cause congestion. Our approach is based on two key insights obtained from traffic traces of a large cellular provider. First, mobile traffic demonstrates high short-term variation so that delaying traffic for very short periods of time can significantly reduce peaks. Second, by making collaborative decisions on which traffic gets delayed and by how much across all users of a cell, the delays need not result in any degradation of user experience. We design a system, CoAST, to implement this approach using three key mechanisms: a protocol to allow mobile applications and providers to exchange traffic information, an incentive mechanism to incentivize mobile applications to collaboratively delay traffic at the right time, and mechanisms to delay application traffic. We provide extensive evaluations that show that CoAST reduces traffic peaks by up to 50% even for applications that are not thought to be delay-tolerant, e.g., video streaming and web browsing, but which together account for 70% of all cellular traffic
Big Data Feature Selection Methods: A survey

In a high speed era, digital information is increase in exponential manner which are useful in corporate, institute, science, engineering and technology etc. area for making specific decision and prediction. Big data analytics play an important role as data mining techniques are not capable to handle these big data. big data having large, complex and velocity characteristics which are research area now a days. For large volume data, it having large high dimensions need new or modified existing feature selection techniques. In this paper, we have discussed difference feature selection methods like filters, wrappers, embedded and hybrid. We have also discussed use of feature selection method in big data are till now introduced for specific applications. Here, in this paper, some feature selection filter based methods are tested with distributed parallel environment of big data and it performed better compare to original dataset in terms of time and accuracy.
Diagnostic value of galectin-3 and HBME-1 expression in follicular thyroid tumors

Background The distinction between different follicular thyroid lesions can be challenging, and it is critical for the management of patients with thyroid nodules. The use of immunohistochemical markers during pathologic evaluation may be helpful in differential diagnosis and proper clinical management. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of immunohistochemical markers, including galectin-3 (Gal-3) and Hector Battifora mesothelial cell-1 (HBME-1), in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. Materials and methods The expressions of Gal-3 and HBME-1 were tested in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 58 surgically resected thyroid lesions, including 28 benign (16 nodular hyperplasia and 12 thyroid adenoma) and 30 malignant lesions (14 papillary carcinoma and 16 follicular carcinoma). Immunostaining with the standard avidin–biotin complex technique was performed using monoclonal antibodies. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for each marker and their combination in the diagnosis were calculated. Results The staining results showed that malignant tumors expressed Gal-3 and HBME-1 significantly more compared with benign lesions (P<0.001). Although focal Gal-3 and HBME-1 expression were encountered in benign lesions, diffuse positive reactions for these markers are characteristic of malignant lesions. The sensitivity of Gal-3 and HBME-1 for the distinction between malignant and benign lesions was 80 and 76.7%, respectively. Combined expression of Gal-3 and HBME-1 increased the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of malignant tumors to 90 and 89.7%, respectively, whereas coexpression increased the specificity for malignant tumors. Conclusion (a) Gal-3 is a useful marker in the distinction between benign and malignant thyroid lesions and can be used in cases where cytomorphological features are not conclusive. (b) HBME-1 is more sensitive in the accurate diagnosis of papillary carcinoma, whereas Gal-3 is more sensitive for follicular carcinoma. (c) Coexpression of Gal-3 and HBME-1 can increase the specificity, whereas staining of either Gal-3 or HBME-1 can increase the sensitivity and accuracy for malignant tumors. (d) This immune-mediated method could increase diagnosis accuracy for fine needle aspiration biopsy, thus making surgery indication more precise.
Morbidity profile of children referred to Genetic Unit of Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt.

Background: Genetic disorders remain a major cause of morbidity, mortality and handicap in Egypt. This study aims to describe the morbidity pattern of all children with suspected genetic disorders referred to a genetic unit in Egypt. Methods: A retrospective hospital record-based descriptive study was carried out in the Genetic Unit of Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt during a period of 13 years from 2003 up to 2015. The following data was collected for 3197 referred cases: child age at referral, sex, residence and karyotyping results. Results: According to ICD-10 classification of congenital malformations the commonest diagnostic categories are congenital malformations, deformities and chromosomal abnormalities (79.7%) specially chromosomal malformations (73.5%) followed by endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (8.6%), diseases of the nervous system (4.8%), mental and behavioral disorders (3.9%). Mucopolysaccharidosis is the most common type of endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases in referred cases. While mental retardation is the commonest mental and behavioral disorders; cerebral palsy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy were the commonest diseases of the nervous system. The commonest congenital malformations of the nervous system are microcephaly and congenital hydrocephalus. Achondroplasia and Osteogenesis imperfect are the most frequent congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system. Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality (88.8%) Conclusions: Primary prevention is the most cost effective method for prevention of these disorders. Pre-natal detection of disease should be more available. Educational efforts are needed to increase genetic literacy of the general public and healthcare workers