Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Family History of Breast Cancer Associated with Breast Cancer in Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma

Introduction: Advances in treatments for Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) have significantly increased survival of childhood and adult patients; however, the leading cause of death in HL survivors is due to secondary malignancy following HL treatment [1,2]. Among women treated for HL, breast cancer (BC) is the most common secondary malignancy [3]. We explored if an association exists between HL and BC exists within families. Methods: Utilizing the Utah Population Database and the Utah Cancer Registry, we identified 988 women with HL, and no history of BC prior to HL, diagnosed in Utah from 1966–2014. We examined if women with HL were at greater risk of developing BC based on the presence or absence of family history of BC. We also examined the familial recurrence risk of BC among female FDRs of women with HL and BC using Cox regression methods. Result: Among 988 female HL patients, 42 (4.3%) were diagnosed with subsequent BC while among 9,876 matched controls, 280 controls (2.8%) were diagnosed with BC from 1966–2014 (P < 0.05). We observed a significant 3-fold increased risk of BC in the first-degree relatives (parent, full sibling, or child of patient) of female HL patients with subsequent BC, compared to FDR in controls (HR = 2.8, 95%CI 1.4–5.6; P = 0.005). Female HL patients who had a family history of BC were significantly more likely to develop BC, compared to HL patients with no history of BC among relatives (HR = 3.3, 95%CI 1.6–7.1; P = 0.002). Conclusion: Women with HL and a family history of BC are at even higher than anticipated risk of BC, as are their female relatives. Obtaining a thorough family history for a woman preparing to undergo therapy for HL is important for treatment decisions for HL and maintaining an up to date family history over time is also important for the management of a woman’s ongoing cancer risks and her surveillance strategy following survival of HL.
SIMULATING SEASONAL AND INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS OF ECOSYS-TEM EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND ITS COMPONENTS IN INNER MONG-OLIA STEPPE WITH VIP MODEL

Aims Evapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in arid and semiarid temperate grassland where water availability is a major limiting factor for ecosystem functions. Understanding temporal variation of ET can help explain the surface-atmosphere interaction and its ecological function in grassland ecosystems. Partitioning total ET into its components of evaporation from soil (E) and transpiration from plants (T) is important for understanding the biotic and abiotic factors that control water balance. Our objectives were to simulate the seasonal and interannual variations of ET and its components, analyze the contribution of the components to ET and analyze influencing factors. Methods We used flux data derived from eddy covariance technology over Inner Mongolia steppe (43°32' N, 116°40' E), measured LAI and MODIS data from 2003 to 2005 and parameterized VIP (Vegetation interface processes) model to simulate ET of the grassland. The results were validated using half-hourly latent heat fluxes (LE) and net radiation (Rn) estimated from eddy covariance measurements. Important findings VIP model can effectively simulate latent heat fluxes of the grassland (R2=0.80). In 2003 and 2004, precipitation (P) was near average and annual ET was 337 and 338 mm, respectively, which were greater than P. In the drier year of 2005, annual ET was 223 mm, which was higher than P. On average, E and T made relatively equivalent contributions to ET. About 83% of annual ET occurredduring the growing season. E was the primary component of ET before June and was exceeded by T af-ter that. The monthly totals of both ET and T reached maxima in July and August. Total ET during July and August accounted for 43% of the annual amount. ET was strongly correlated with LAI and moder-ately correlated with P. E changed little during the growing season, and the difference in ET was ac-counted for T.
Ventilatory Support Outcomes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Patients

Background Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) represents the most common and severe motor neuron disease, with inevitable respiratory failure development. Ventilatory support (VS) has shown a valuable prognostic impact, even in bulbar-onset ALS. Thus, VS outcomes related to functional and phenotypic factors were analyzed in a cohort of ALS patients. Methods and Findings A prospective study was conducted in 81 patients with confirmed or probable ALS diagnosis, sent to a pulmonology clinic. From 81 patients enrolled, 11 dropped out, being only considered 70 patients (mean age 66.6 ± 11.3 years, 64.3% males, 52.9% ALS bulbar-onset) for analysis. During follow-up, VS was established in 50 patients (in 48 noninvasive ventilation). A good adherence was seen in 39 patients, with residual nocturnal events only observed in 10 patients. Regarding VS initiation criteria, 24 patients were eligible by functional criteria, 14 by nocturnal hypoventilation and 12 by daytime hypercapnia. After 3-6 months VS start, there was functional improvement in 17 patients. Survival after VS was 26.3 months, being higher in spinal-onset than in bulbar-onset ALS patients (p=0.012), and was even more evident in adherent spinal-onset ALS patients (p=0.022). Conclusions VS had a marked survival impact, leading to functional improvement, mainly when started by nocturnal hypoventilation criteria.
Determination of HNO3 dry deposition by modified Bowen ratio and aerodynamic profile techniques

Modified Bowen ratio and aerodynamic profile techniques based on the constant flux approach were utilized to derive the deposition fluxes and deposition velocities ( v d ) of gaseous nitric acid from measurements made during two joint field experiments over low vegetation (grassland, LOVENOX, Halvergate, UK, September 1989) and over a wheat canopy (ecosystem wheat, Manndorf, Germany, July 1990). Both micrometeorological methods are discussed in more detail and in context with the flux-resistance analogy to provide a complete conceptual evaluation guide for HNO 3 dry deposition analysis. Daytime dry deposition of nitric acid was found to be fast with an average v d of 2.2 ± 1.2 cm s -1 and a range of 0.6 to 5.0 cm s -1 . The derived deposition velocities are in broad agreement with estimates of other authors. The data have also been used to check sublayer Stanton numbers which are of basic importance in determining the viscous sublayer resistance yet not well quantified. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.45. issue4.1. x
Evaluating the articulation index for auditory–visual consonant recognition

Adequacy of the ANSI standard for calculating the articulation index (AI) [ANSI S3.5‐1969 (R1986)] was evaluated by measuring auditory (A), visual (V), and auditory–visual (AV) consonant recognition under a variety of bandpass‐filtered speech conditions. Contrary to ANSI predictions, filter conditions having the same auditory AI did not necessarily result in the same auditory–visual AI. Low‐frequency bands of speech tended to provide more benefit to AV consonant recognition than high‐frequency bands. Analyses of the auditory error patterns produced by the different filter conditions showed a strong negative correlation between the degree of A and V redundancy and the amount of benefit obtained when A and V cues were combined. These data indicate that the ANSI auditory–visual AI procedure is inadequate for predicting AV consonant recognition performance under conditions of severe spectral shaping.
Split Cuts for Stochastic Integer Programming

With stochastic integer programming as the motivating application, we investigate techniques to use integrality information to obtain improved cuts within a Benders decomposition algorithm. We consider two options: (i) cut-and-project, where integrality information is used to derive cuts in the extended variable space, and Benders cuts are then used to project the resulting improved relaxation, and (ii) project-and-cut, where integrality information is used to derive cuts directly in the projected space deﬁned by Benders cuts. We analyze the use of split cuts in these two approaches, and demonstrate that although they yield equivalent relaxations when considering a single split, cut-and-project yields stronger relaxations in general when using multiple splits. Computational results illustrate that the diﬀerence can be very large, and demonstrate that using split cuts within the cut-and-project framework can signiﬁcantly outperform other general purpose methods.
Effect of different ratios of propionate to acetate on phosphorus removal in sequencing batch reactor with single-stage oxic process.

To investigate the effect of different concentration ratios of propionate to acetate on phosphorus removal in single-stage oxic process,two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors(SBRs) were operated(R1:propionate to acetate ratio=0.165;R2:propionate to acetate ratio=2.00) using synthetic wastewater.After a period of sludge acclimation(30d),R2 showed a higher SOP removal efficiency than R1.The average efficiency of phosphorus removal in R1 and R2 were 77.95% and 84.79% respectively.However,the phosphorus removal amount per MLVSS in R1 was higher than R2.The phosphorus removal amount per MLVSS in R1 was 8.66mg/g while in R2 was 8.03mg/g.In the idle phase,though obvious phosphorus release was observed in both R1 and R2,the content of phosphorus released in R2 was higher than that in R1.The phosphorus release amount per MLVSS of R2 was higher than R1.Besides,glycogen in R1 degraded obviously while that in R2 seldom degraded,which maybe the reason why the phosphorus release amount per MLVSS of R2 was higher than R1.
Contemporary Islamic Finance: An Introductory Analysis

It is a known fact that Islam has been revealed by Allah for the guidance of all human beings regardless of time and territory.The Islamic commands are in line with the natural phenomena an have encompassed the requirements of bith the spirit and body.To fulfill the needs of body, Islam has encouraged every lawful effort for earning and has regarded it obligatory upon its followers. In the present era, many financial revolutions have been made so far.It is necessary to analyze these modes with the yard stick of the Islamic Sharia. The article under reference is an attempt in the same way which will prove beneficial for researchers.
In-kind Transfers, Efficiency, and Hidden Saving

Using a simple two-period job search model, this paper argues that public provision of in-kind transfer is more efficient than transfers in cash. Our analysis suggests that moral hazard would become more severe if recipients can save the transfer payment privately (the hidden saving problem), inducing them to make less effort to find jobs (that is, double deviation problem). The recipients cannot, however, save unused in-kind benefits, in particular job training, food subsidy, and assisted rental housing. We show that to avoid the hidden saving problem, allocative efficiency requires overprovision of in-kind transfers. This partly explains why a country with more competitive political institutions over-provides in-kind transfers and grossly undersupplies cash grants. JEL Classification: H42, H31
Atyid Shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) of Taiwan, with Descriptions of Three New Species

ABSTRACT Three genera and 13 species of the family Atyidae are reported from Taiwan. Among them, 5 species are new records from Taiwan and 3 are new to science. Most of the species are found in the eastern and southern parts of Taiwan and have numerous small eggs. On the other hand, the species distributed in western Taiwan mostly have few large eggs. In addition to describing the morphological characters of these 13 species, color illustrations and line drawings of each species arc provided. A key is also given for their identification.
Vitamin E (α- and γ-tocopherol) - determinants and associated outcomes

Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble vitamin encompassing different vitamin E forms (α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols, and tocotrienols) with important anti-oxidative functions. There is limited knowledge regarding the distribution of plasma vitamin E concentrations in the general Northern German population, the relation of vitamin E to dietary patterns, and its association with cardiometabolic traits. Therefore, in this thesis, the distribution of both α- and γ-tocopherol levels was assessed in a sample from the general population; and biochemical and dietary correlates of vitamin E were explored. We observed, that nearly 60% of the Northern German population had adequate plasma α-tocopherol levels (>30 µmol/L), and that lipid traits and the intake of vitamin E supplementation were statistically significantly associated with circulating vitamin E levels. However, neither a priori nor a posteriori derived dietary patterns displayed an association with circulating α- and γ-tocopherol levels. Furthermore, we explored associations of plasma vitamin E levels with the following cardiometabolic traits: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue, liver signal intensity (LSI), fatty liver disease (FLD), and gallstone disease. The α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio was positively associated with MetS and VAT; and the γ-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio was positively associated with MetS, VAT, and SAT. Lower odds of having gallstone disease were observed in the top (compared to the bottom) tertile of the plasma α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio. All analyses were conducted using data from the first follow-up examination (2010-2012) of the PopGen control cohort, a population-based sample from Northern Germany. Populations based, prospective studies are warranted to confirm our results and to further explore the potential impact of the reported findings on other nutritional and health outcomes.
Nosocomial infections in neutropenic cancer patients.

Objective: Identification of overall and site-specific rates of nosocomial infection in neutropenic patients with cancer and associated pathogens. Design: Cumulative continuous prospective surveillance over a 42-month period. Criteria and definitions of infection in neutropenic patients (absolute neutrophil counts 3 ) were developed, and surveillance was carried out by a certified infection control nurse and a senior oncology research fellow. Setting: A cancer research center with two designated oncology nursing units. Patients: Neutropenic patients with hematological and solid malignancies undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with and without autologous bone marrow transplantation. All patients admitted to both of the units during the study period were surveyed. Those who developed neutropenia are included in this report. Results: A total of 444 nosocomial infections were identified in 920 neutropenic patients during 9,582 days of neutropenia for an overall rate of 48.3 per 100 neutropenic patients, or 46.3 per 1,000 days at risk. The rate of bloodstream infection per 100 neutropenic patients was 13.5 (gram-positive, 9.2; gram-negative, 4.8; and Candida 1.2). Other site-specific rates were: urinary tract, 5.7; respiratory tract, 5.5; thrush, 6.6; skin, 3.4; and gastrointestinal tract, 3.4. Among 392 pathogens identified, there were 137 (35%) gram-positive cocci, 105 (27%) gram-negative rods, 70 (18%) Candida, 37 (9%) gram-positive rods, 22 (6%) viruses, and 15 (4%) Aspergillus. Conclusions: The rate of both overall and site-specific nosocomial infections in neutropenic patients is high. Neutropenia is a significant intrinsic risk factor that should be addressed in surveillance programs. Infection control and infectious diseases practitioners may need to modify techniques for surveillance, control, and management of infection in this population.
The role of vowels in reading : a review of studies of English and Hebrew

In focusing on English and Hebrew writing systems, I suggest that writing systems could function without vowels, but once introduced the vowels are useful for (a) disambiguating homophones and homographs, (b) marking the pronunciation of other phonemes that may be pronounced in various manners, (c) facilitating the parsing of sublexical elements, and (d) signifying phonological information. Relating the studies reviewed to a new approach in word-recognition research, I argue that the role of vowels is additive (sometimes complementary, sometimes redundant) to the roles of other cues facilitating word recognition. The decoding of unvoweled words does not necessarily exclude phonological processing, and the decoding of voweled words may benefit from lexical input
Effectiveness of Community-Directed Intervention in the Roll-Back Malaria among the Under-Five Population of the Ndop Health District in North West Cameroon

Community-directed Intervention (CDI) is an intervention approach in which communities themselves direct and execute the planning and implementation of a health intervention. The success of this approach for the intervention of Onchocerciasis led to the extension of the strategy for the intervention of the other diseases in Africa. Community Health Workers (CHWs) working under the CDI of malaria program play a vital role in primary health care of the community. Local health services and partners initially introduce the intervention and explain the community-directed approach and how it can be planned, run and controlled by the community. This project was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the CDI in the roll-back of malaria among under-five children in the Ndop Health District, with special emphasis of the home management of malaria (HMM) by the Community Health Workers (CHWs). Among the CHW involved in the study, 94.7% of them accepted to receive monetary incentive for their services as CHW. Up to 39.8% of them had no other source of income. Furthermore, 74.3% of the participants reported that they have regular monthly meetings with their supervisor while 25.6% of them had either irregularly-scheduled meetings or none. While 76.1% of respondents accepted to have had at least one refresher course since working under the CDI of malaria program, 23.9% reported to have never had one. While 43.3% of the respondents found their workload okay, 8.9% of them reported they were overworked. A majority (47.8%) of the respondents reported that they found their workload as community health workers manageable. While majority of the respondents reported irregularity in the supply of both antimalarial drugs (64.6%) and RDT kits (73.5%), a majority of them said the supply of registers for records and the provision of transportation means were regular (71.7% and 69% respectively).
Causes of organ condemnations and financial losses in cattle slaughtered at Mahenge slaughter facility in Ulanga District, Morogoro, Tanzania

This study was conducted to identify major causes of organs condemnation in cattle slaughtered at Mahenge facility and to estimate the direct financial losses. Study involved antemortem and postmortem examinations to 155 cattle from January to February 2017, and 5 years (January 2012 – December 2016) retrospective data on meat inspection records. During antemortem examination, out of 155 cattle examined, 30 (19.4%) had various abnormalities that included lacrimation (5.8%), pale mucus membrane (3.9%), nasal discharge (2.6%), hernia (1.3%), salivation (1.3%), lameness (5.8%), emaciation (3.9%), depression (1.3%), blindness (1.3%), local swelling (1.9%) and rough hair coat (1.9%). Postmortem examination revealed that 23 (14.8%) liver, 21 (13.6%) lungs, 22 (14.2%) kidneys, 29 (18.7%), 12 (7.7%) were condemned due to various causes. Fasciolosis (13.5%) was the main causes of liver condemnation followed by calcified cysts (6.4%), peritonitis (4.2%) and abscess (2.3%). The major causes of lung condemnation were emphysema, haemorrhages, pneumonia, calcified cysts, abscessation and congestions accounting for 10.0, 7.4, 4.9, 1.6, 0.2 and 0.08%, respectively. The major causes for condemnations of kidneys were congenital cysts (2.6%), hydronephrosis (3.9%) and nephritis (3.3%). About 3,567,000.00 Tanzanian shillings (1621.4 USD) were lost from organs condemnation during the active survey of two months. From the retrospective data it was observed that intestine, liver and lung were the most condemned organs with condemnation rate of 18.7, 14.8 and 13.6%, respectively. The main causes of organ condemnation were (fasciolosis (14%), Emphysema (10%), pimply gut (7.2%), calcified cysts (6.4%), haemorrhages (7.4%) and jaundice (5.5%) respectively. Consequently, the overall direct financial loss during the five years was estimated to be 26,477,000.00 Tanzanian shillings (12,035 USD). This study identified various causes of organ condemnation and their economic importance in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to establish appropriate strategy for prevention and control. Keywords : Slaughter facility, cattle, organ condemnation, financial loss
Does the assessment center scoring method affect the cross-situational consistency of ratings?

The authors examined the effect of 2 different assessment center scoring methods on the cross-situational consistency of assessor ratings. A scoring method that focused on dimensions yielded similar heterotrait-monomethod and monotrait-heteromethod correlations compared with the more typical within-exercise procedure. As in previous research, dimension ratings correlated higher with different dimensions in the same exercise than with ratings of the same dimension in other exercises. In light of this as well as other studies, the authors concluded that different changes appear necessary to increase convergent validity
BIOECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF RICE WEEVIL, Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus IN STORED WHEAT, Triticum aestivum

“Bioecology and management of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus in stored wheat, Triticum aestivum” Name of Student Major Advisor Mr. S. S. Arve Dr. M. B. Patel DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY N. M. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY NAVSARI – 396 450 GUJARAT