Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biogenic Amines as A Quality Marker in Beef and Chicken Products

ANY TYPES of meat and its products contain biogenic amines (BAs), which are significant indicators of the stability and quality of the product, in addition to their effects on human health. This study collected 200 samples (25 of each minced beef, beef sausage, beef burger, beef kofta, frozen chicken breast, frozen chicken thigh, chicken burger, and chilled chicken fillet) from Aswan City during 2021–2022. The samples were subjected to microbiological quality assessment. 80 samples (10 of each) of the previously examined specimens were investigated by the HPLC technique for the investigation of five biogenic amines, including tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, and tyramine. The results revealed that the total aerobic count was higher in minced beef and beef kofta. Beef sausage and minced meat had the greatest Enterobacteria count. Meanwhile, chilled chicken fillets and chicken burgers had the lowest count. Concerning the mean Pseudomonads count, it was higher in beef sausage samples. Regarding the mean value of Lactic acid bacteria, counts were higher in frozen chicken thighs, frozen chicken breast, minced beef, and chilled chicken fillet. The beef kofta, minced beef, and beef sausage samples had the highest mold count. Likewise, the difference between the samples that were analyzed was statistically significant at (p<0.05). Additionally, there were major variations in biogenic amine content within and between product classes, some of which were not matched with Egyptian standards. The current study concluded that there was a positive relationship between microbial growth and the formation of biogenic amines.
Preliminary assessment of the effects of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific

This brief report outlines how the climate of the Pacific is projected to change, how climate change has affected fisheries elsewhere in the world, and how it is expected to affect fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific. The emphasis is on the implications for economies of Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). It concludes with general recommendations that should help the regional and national management agencies and other stakeholders in fisheries to adapt to maintain the benefits of fisheries. The assessments of the projected effects of climate change, and the recommended approaches for adaptation, are preliminary. They are derived from the early phases of a major regional project to assess the vulnerability of fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific to climate change coordinated by SPC and supported by AusAID1. The project is due to be completed by mid 2010 and will deliver a much more comprehensive assessment of likely impacts, practical adaptations, and investments needed to address key gaps in knowledge.
How Far Takaful Efficiency Has Been Researched?

This study utilizes a bibliometric approach to investigate efficiency in the takaful industry, which has been under-researched in the literature. Focusing on the theme of "Takaful Efficiency," this study is the first of its kind in this field. The aim is to analyze the development and contribution of research on takaful efficiency in the literature. Data was retrieved from the Dimension.ai platform, and a total of 71 documents were used, with the majority being scientific articles. The analysis shows that scientific articles are the most widely used publication type in this study. Through the mapping of journals and research, it can be seen that the discussion on takaful efficiency is still active and fluctuates every year. In recent years, competition in the insurance sector, especially takaful, has increased, and research indicates a positive relationship between competition and cost efficiency in the takaful industry. Interestingly, this study provides a research path from the results obtained based on seven clusters. These findings can provide valuable guidance for future studies, takaful industry practitioners, as well as policy makers in developing more effective and informed strategies. In addition, this study also contributes to the development of knowledge by illustrating research trends and factors that contribute to efficiency in the context of the takaful industry.
Transience of seawater intrusion in response to sea level rise

Understanding seawater intrusion (SWI) induced by sea level rise (SLR) is important for the future management of many coastal aquifers. Only simplified steady state sharp interface analyses of generalized SLR‐SWI exist in the literature, and the important issue of associated time scales has been neglected. We employ numerical modeling in order to explore the transience of dispersive SLR‐SWI in common unconfined coastal aquifer settings. An instantaneous SLR is adopted to compare with the instantaneous sea level drop (SLD) case of a previous SLD‐SWI analysis. Temporal asymmetry between the SWI responses to SLR and SLD is observed. A SLR‐SWI simulation series indicates that toe “representative response times” (time to reach 95% of new steady state) range from decades to centuries for a 1 m SLR. Significant discrepancies between the representative response times of various SWI quantitative indicators (e.g., toe position, wedge center‐of‐mass) are observed. This demonstrates that the indication of steady state SWI conditions depends upon the monitoring approach and thus holds implications for studies reporting that SWI steady state has been attained. We adopt 100 years as a typical “planning time frame” and compare 100 year and steady state SLR‐SWI. As expected, the simplified steady state sharp interface solution overpredicts the 100 year landward toe shift in most cases. However, some simulations exhibit temporary “overshoot” of the steady state interface position: this is in contradiction to the presumption that steady state SWI is the worst case. Steady state sharp interface estimates appear to be at best useful as initial approximations of SLR‐SWI, given that they span 40%–250% of 100 year dispersive interface results for the cases considered.
Characterizing inertial particle clustering with 1D signals

Preferential concentration in turbulent flows laden with inertial particles still presents many open fundamental physics questions. These gaps hinder the reconciliation of different experimental and numerical studies into a coherent quantitative view, which is needed to enable accurate high resolution modeling. We examine the influence of the dimensionality of the measurement technique (1D line, 2D planes or 3D volumes) on the characterization of cluster properties/preferential concentration, and proposes an approach to disentangle the cluster-characterizing results from random contributions that could contaminate the cluster statistical analysis. We studied this effect by projecting 2D and 3D data snapshots containing inertial particle clusters onto a 1D axis. The objective was to simulate 1D sensors (widely used experimentally: hot wire, fiber optics probes, LDV/PDA, etc) with different sensing lengths. These projected records were analysed by means of one-dimensional Voronoï tessellations. For the experimental parameters explored in this study, our results retrieved average clustering properties, when the measuring window is equal or larger than the Kolmogorov length scale (η), and smaller than 10% of the integral length scale of the turbulence L . These observations are consistent with previous research using 2D and 3D datasets taken under similar experimental conditions. The raw probability density function (PDF) of the Voronoï length in 1D does not provide error-free information on the clusters size or local concentration. This measurement bias is corrected based on the histograms of the number of particles within each cluster. Importantly, the analysis of these histograms explains the well-known clusters size PDFs power law reported in previous numerical and experimental research using 2D and 3D datasets. This power-law behavior, however, spanning less than a decade, is not robust in 1D. To address this, we use conditioned statistics (on the number of particles inside each cluster) to discern between turbulence-driven clustering and random particle concentration fluctuations. This secondary analysis complements standard cluster identification algorithms that rely on Voronoï tessellations.
Improved Interpretation of Hvorslev Tests

The Hvorslev method constitutes a rapid means of characterizing the hydraulic conductivity of shallow ground‐water systems. Because the method is widely used, it is of practical benefit to know the limits and accuracy of the method. An important aspect of the Hvorslev analysis is that the role of specific storage (Ss) is completely ignored. Results of this study show that the Hvorslev method provides acceptable estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the case of zero‐penetration boreholes in which water enters only from the borehole bottom. In this case, relatively large errors arise due to uncertainty in the intake geometry (planate or hemispherical intake) than those arising from neglecting Ss. Results presented show that in screened boreholes, in which radial and spherical flow symmetries coexist, Ss cannot be reasonably neglected. Due to the influence of Ss, the pressure transient data deviates significantly from the semilogarithmic straight line intrinsic to the Hvorslev idealization, with the deviati.
Experience of using coronary perfusion balloon catheter for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion

Background: We present the case of an individual with acute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery caused by atherosclerosis. The patient underwent angioplasty using a coronary perfusion balloon, which resulted in a favorable clinical outcome. Case Description: A 66-year-old male patient presented with an acute onset of right hemiplegia and dysarthria. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery, and alteplase was administered, followed by a mechanical thrombectomy and intracranial balloon catheter angioplasty. Due to restenosis, a coronary perfusion balloon catheter was used for a 15-minute angioplasty procedure while maintaining the perfusion. This treatment approach led to the recanalization of the artery and favorable clinical outcomes. Conclusion: The coronary perfusion balloon may represent a viable therapeutic alternative for the management of refractory intracranial atherosclerotic large vessel occlusion.
Impact of vegetation coverage on regional water balance in the nonhumid regions of China

The growth of vegetation is affected by water availability, while vegetation growth also feeds back to influence regional water balance. A better understanding of the relationship between vegetation state and water balance would help explain the complicated interactions between climate change, vegetation dynamics, and the water cycle. In the present study, the impact of vegetation coverage on regional water balance was analyzed under the framework of the Budyko hypothesis by using data from 99 catchments in the nonhumid regions of China, including the Inland River basin, the Hai River basin, and the Yellow River basin. The distribution of vegetation coverage on the Budyko curve was analyzed, and it was found that a wetter environment (higher P/E0) had a higher vegetation coverage (M) and was associated with a higher evapotranspiration efficiency (E/E0). Moreover, vegetation coverage was related not only to climate conditions (measured by the dryness index DI = E0/P) but also to landscape conditions (measured by the parameter n in the coupled water–energy balance equation). This suggests that the regional long‐term water balance should not vary along a single Budyko curve; instead, it should form a group of Budyko curves owing to the interactions between vegetation, climate, and water cycle. A positive correlation was found between water balance component (E/P) and vegetation coverage (M) for most of the Yellow River basin and for the Inland River basin, while a negative correlation of M ∼ E/P was found in the Hai River basin. Vegetation coverage was successfully incorporated into an empirical equation for estimating the catchment landscape parameter n in the coupled water–energy balance equation. It was found that interannual variability in vegetation coverage could improve the estimation of the interannual variability in regional water balance.
Exotic crust formation on Mercury: Consequences of a shallow, FeO‐poor mantle

The range in density and compressibility of Mercurian melt compositions was determined to better understand the products of a possible Mercurian magma ocean and subsequent volcanism. Our experiments indicate that the only mineral to remain buoyant with respect to melts of the Mercurian mantle is graphite; consequently, it is the only candidate mineral to have composed a primary floatation crust during a global magma ocean. This exotic result is further supported by Mercury's volatile‐rich nature and inexplicably darkened surface. Additionally, our experiments illustrate that partial melts of the Mercurian mantle that compose the secondary crust were buoyant over the entire mantle depth and could have come from as deep as the core‐mantle boundary. Furthermore, Mercury could have erupted higher percentages of its partial melts compared to other terrestrial planets because magmas would not have stalled during ascent due to gravitational forces. These findings stem from the FeO‐poor composition and shallow depth of Mercury's mantle, which has resulted in both low‐melt density and a very limited range in melt density responsible for Mercury's primary and secondary crusts. The enigmatically darkened, yet low‐FeO surface, which is observed today, can be explained by secondary volcanism and impact processes that have since mixed the primary and secondary crustal materials.
Non-Invasive Mapping of the Neuronal Networks of Language

This review consists of three main sections. In the first, the Introduction, the main theories of the neuronal mediation of linguistic operations, derived mostly from studies of the effects of focal lesions on linguistic performance, are summarized. These models furnish the conceptual framework on which the design of subsequent functional neuroimaging investigations is based. In the second section, the methods of functional neuroimaging, especially those of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and of Magnetoencephalography (MEG), are detailed along with the specific activation tasks employed in presurgical functional mapping. The reliability of these non-invasive methods and their validity, judged against the results of the invasive methods, namely, the “Wada” procedure and Cortical Stimulation Mapping (CSM), is assessed and their use in presurgical mapping is justified. In the third and final section, the applications of fMRI and MEG in basic research are surveyed in the following six sub-sections, each dealing with the assessment of the neuronal networks for (1) the acoustic and phonological, (2) for semantic, (3) for syntactic, (4) for prosodic operations, (5) for sign language and (6) for the operations of reading and the mechanisms of dyslexia.
Future Publication Rates of Abstracts Presented at American Society for Surgery of the Hand Annual Conferences From 2017-2020

Annual meetings held by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) highlight a variety of pre-publication research on the hand and upper extremity. We sought to evaluate publication trends and factors associated with the publication of abstracts presented at recent ASSH annual conferences. There were 2,373 abstracts presented at ASSH annual conferences from 2017-2020. These abstracts were identified from program information on the ASSH website. PubMed and Google Scholar were queried to identify publication of these abstracts using abstract title and each author listed. For published manuscripts, the journal, impact factor (IF), level of evidence (LOE), and time to publication were recorded. The overall publication rate was 43.9%. Podium abstracts had a higher publication rate (55.0% +/- 14.9%) than poster abstracts (41.0% +/- 8.5%) (p<0.0001). The time to publication from presentation was 12.1 +/- 6.1 months. Published abstracts had a stronger LOE (3.5 +/- 0.9) than non-published abstracts (3.6 +/- 0.8) (p=0.03). The journal IF for published abstracts was 2.4 +/- 1.3. Podium abstracts had a higher average impact factor (2.6 +/- 1.5) than poster abstracts (2.4 +/- 1.3) (p=0.01). Journal of Hand Surgery (JHS) (34.4%; IF: 2.3) was the most common journal of published manuscripts. There were no differences in LOE or IF for Resident and Fellows (R&F) abstracts compared to General Submission abstracts. Publication rates of abstracts presented at ASSH annual conferences from 2017-2020 are similar to previously reported literature. Podium abstracts continue to have a higher publication rate than poster abstracts. There was no difference in publication rate between R&F abstracts and General Submission abstracts.
Prevalence of Hearing Loss among Noise Exposed Industrial Workers

Exposure to any type of noise has a potential risk. Higher the level of noise and longer duration of exposure, more the risk for hearing sensitivity and health as a whole. Occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) is a major cause of disability throughout the world. So this study was designed to know the prevalence of NIHL among the noise exposed industrial workers in Bangladesh. A prospective observational study of 377 People working at industrial environment in Jute mills at Faridpur region were studied between January 2021 to June 2021. Data collected from each respondent recorded on a predesigned data collection form. Pure tone audiometry was performed in both ears. Among 377 study population, 157(41.6%) subjects had hearing loss and 220 subjects (58.4%) had no loss. Among the workers with hearing loss, 98(62.4%) got hearing loss on both sides, 32(20.4%) on the right side and 27(17.2%) on the left side. Among them 83(52.9%) had mild hearing loss, 37(23.6%) had moderate hearing loss, 31(19.7%) had severe hearing loss and 6(3.8%) had profound hearing loss. The average duration of work in the industry was 6.94±5.64 years and majority (78.5%) had 8 hours working hour per day and 21.5% had more than 8 hours. The average sound intensity was 91.51±8.12 dB(A) with 10.9% exposed to <_85 dB(A) and 89.1% to >85 dB(A). This study shows Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)as highly prevalent among noise-exposed workers in Bangladesh. Age >35 years, high noise level, exposure of more than 10 years, were significantly associated with increased risk of hearing loss. The local and national authority should focus on noise monitoring, engineering modifications of buildings and machinery, occupational safety policies, administrative controls, providing education on NIHL, periodic audiometric assessments and follow-up evaluation for hearing threshold shift. This study supported the elements for further research studies related to the employer compliance with occupational health and safety regulations to address awareness of their responsibility in minimizing hazards in workplaces. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Med. Coll. J. 2022;1(1):90-95
Fossilized microorganisms preserved as fluid inclusions in epithermal veins, Vani Mn-Ba deposit, Milos Island, Greece

Fossilized microorganisms preserved as fluid inclusions are found in barite silica-Mn oxide veins in the marine rift basin-related Quaternary Mn-Ba deposit of Vani, Milos . Basin fill consists of 35-50 m thick sequence of glauconitic sediments sandwiched between volcaniclastic sandy tuffs, and, bedding-parallel barite Mn oxide( silica) horizons, pebble horizons, and massive gravel. Exhalative barite-rich deposits characteristic of sea-floor venting, such as white smoker(sulphate) structures in glauconitic sediments, feeder veins, bedding-conformable horizons, and extensive microbial mat- related structures in sandy tuffs, were recognized. The feeder veins host the microfossils and consist chiefly of banded barite and minor colloform quartz, Fe-oxyhydroxides, and hollandite-group minerals and MnO2 phases, and display epithermal textures characteristic of open-space precipitation. Curvilinear, branched filamentous microfossils with distinct segmentation of septa and a turgid appearance of knob-like outgrowths occur associated with spheroidal spore-like microfossils and small twisted microstructures. Both filamentous and spheroidal microstructures are filled with aqueous (liquid + vapour) and/or hydrocarbon phases. Oil and solid hydrocarbons in the fluid inclusions may represent decomposed biological material. Chitin was detected by the pigment Wheat Germ Agglutinin conjugated with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (WGA-FITC) in some of the microfossils, indicating that they are fossilized fungi; a fungal interpretation is further supported by microfossil morphology. Smaller, often twisted filamentous microfossils with a simpler morphology in which chitin was not detected probably represent fossilized prokaryotes and, if so, prokaryotes and eukaryotes co-existed in the geothermal system of Vani. Fluid inclusion microthermometry shows that microfossils were trapped at temperatures of ~100°C in boiling water, probably evolved seawater. Preservation of microfossils occurred at shallow sub-marine conditions of <10 m depth. Our results show that fluid inclusions may contain valuable palaeobiological information and can be used both for establishing biogenicity but also for the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment of fossilized microorganisms.
Domain-Adaptive Vision Transformers for Generalizing Across Visual Domains

Deep-learning models often struggle to generalize well to unseen domains because of the distribution shift between the training and real-world data. Domain generalization aims to train models that can acquire general features from data across different domains, thereby improving the performance on unseen domains. Inspired by the glance-and-gaze approach, which mimics the way humans perceive the real world, we introduce the domain-adaptive vision transformer (DA-ViT) model, which adopts a human cognitive perspective for domain generalization. We merge glance and gaze blocks to initially capture general information from each block and subsequently acquire more detailed and focused information. Unlike previous methods that predominantly employ convolutional neural networks, we adapted the ViT model to learn features that are robust across different visual domains. DA-ViT is pretrained on the ImageNet 1K dataset and designed to adaptively learn features that are generalizable across various visual domains. We evaluated our adapted model for domain generalization and demonstrated that it outperforms the ResNet50 model based on non-ensemble algorithms by $0.7\%p$ on the VLCS benchmark dataset. Our proposed model introduces a new approach for domain generalization that leverages the capabilities of vision transformers to adapt effectively to diverse visual domains.