Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High‐capacity anode derived from graphene oxide with lithium‐active functional groups

Applications utilizing Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) have recently been broadened from portable electronic devices to electric vehicles. Graphite has been applied as an anode material for commercialized LIBs; however, there is a growing demand for application‐oriented LIBs with higher energy and power densities, and faster charging, compared with its limited electrochemical properties. Heteroatom‐doped graphene has been considered as a potential alternative to graphite, although its synthesis is complex and costly. In this study, we introduced a facile strategy to realize advanced anode materials through fine control of the sheet size and oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) as a raw material for heteroatom‐doped graphene. The sheet size of GO is inversely proportional to the amount of oxidizing agent, which affects the formation of various types of oxygen‐containing functional groups at the edges of GO. Mild annealing of GO selectively removes the functional groups with weak binding strength, leading to the formation of GO maximized with carbonyl groups, which can interact with Li ions quickly and reversibly. The GO with the average sheet size of 500 nm developed in this study exhibits capacities of up to 779 and 220 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 2 A g−1, respectively. Therefore, decreasing the sheet size of GO with mild‐temperature annealing increases the number of carbonyl groups formed on the additional exposed edge of the sheets, resulting in facile Li‐ion interaction and a higher capacity as an anode material.
Shrinking thermokarst lakes and ponds on the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibet plateau over the past three decades

Identifying the changes in thermokarst lake dynamics has a significant contribution to landscape‐scale hydrology, ecology, and assessment of carbon budgets in permafrost regions. Changes in the number and areal extent of thermokarst lakes and ponds were quantified in a representative permafrost area (150 km2) in the south‐central Headwater Area of the Yellow River (HAYR). Water‐body inventories were generated from Landsat satellite imageries using the supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification method for three periods: 1986, 2000, and 2015. From 1986 to 2015, the number of water bodies larger than 0.36 ha decreased by 40% (461–277), while the total surface area decreased by 25% (542–406 ha). The ponds category (smaller than 1 ha) recorded the most substantial change, as their number decreased by 44% and their water‐surface area by 41%. Many lakes disintegrated, partially drained, and formed several remnant ponds, while the majority of the ponds did not drain completely, but shrank below 0.36 ha. These shrinking patterns are consistent with the warming climate in the HAYR, which suggests intense permafrost degradation. Future research will be focused on a better understanding of water–heat dynamics of thermokarst lakes and ponds in association with permafrost degradation at a landscape scale.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLORAL MORPHOLOGY, FRUIT SETTING BEHAVIOR AND FINAL YIELD IN SOME EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena) GENOTYPES FROM IRAN

Heterostyly in eggplant flowers is a common trait that may affect the fruit production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of heterostyly on fruit setting and yield of 13 eggplant genotypes from Iran. Flowers capable of setting fruit, including long- (LGs) and medium-styled flowers (MEs), accounted for the largest number of flowers (43.60-75.62%), while total short-styled flowers (SRTs) constituted a smaller percentage (20.47-45.51%) in different genotypes. However, SRTs represented a considerable proportion of the total number of eggplant flowers. Different eggplant genotypes produced 42.59-77.25% fruits from LGs+MEs, and only 0.0-3.77% from SRTs. In general, although the percentage of fruit setting of LGs and MEs was much greater compared to values of SRTs, there was no significant correlation between final yield and style length. Therefore, in order to increase eggplant yield, protecting fruits formed from LGs and MEs might be more effective than increasing the proportion of LGs and MEs to SRTs.
Gendering distance, gendered housework: examining the gendered power dynamics through housework allocation in Taiwanese homes

Abstract Numerous studies examine the power relations between the heterosexual couple through their time spent on domestic chores and which chore they do. They find that women tend to spend more time on housework than men, and some domestic chores, such as cooking, are regarded as women’s duty. While the investigation into household chores has broadened its cultural and ethnic scope, it still focuses on nuclear families without considering the influence of the couple’s extended family members and overlooks other household types, such as multigenerational households. By examining Taiwanese married heterosexual couples’ living and housework arrangements through semi-structured interviews, I find that the distance between the households of the couple and their parents-in-law influences the way the couple share housework. While women still tend to take greater responsibilities in household chores, forming a nuclear family far away from the husband’s parents gives the couple opportunities to negotiate housework and share it more equally. On the other hand, female family members share and trade domestic chores, and husbands are excused from most of the chores when the couple live with the parents of either side. My study suggests that couples’ living arrangements and their relationships with extended family members should be considered in the examination of spousal power dynamics, especially in cultures where the older generation is highly respected. Further studies on the power relations between family members, particularly between the couple and their parents, in various living arrangements are recommended for better understanding of family gender relations. Supplemental data for this article is available online at at http://doi:10.1080/0966369X.2021. 1974355.
Electrochemical Sensing and Removal of Cesium from Water Using Prussian Blue Nanoparticle-Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes

Selective screening followed by the sensing of cesium radionuclides from contaminated water is a challenging technical issue. In this study, the adsorption functionality of Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles was utilized for the detection and efficient removal of cesium cations. An efficient PB nanoparticle-modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) in the three-electrode configuration was developed for the electrochemical sensing and removal of Cs+. PB nanoparticles inks were obtained using a facile two-step process that was previously described as suitable for dispensing over freshly prepared screen-printed electrodes. The PB nanoparticle-modified SPE induced a cesium adsorption-dependent chronoamperometric signal based on ion exchange as a function of cesium concentration. This ion exchange, which is reversible and rapid, is associated with electron transfer in the PB nanoparticle-modified SPE. Using this electrochemical adsorption system (EAS) based on chronoamperometry, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of Cs+ ions in the PB nanoparticle-modified SPE reached up to 325 ± 1 mg·g−1 in a 50 ± 0.5 μM Cs+ solution, with a distribution coefficient (Kd) of 580 ± 5 L·g−1 for Cs+ removal. The cesium concentration-dependent adsorption of PB nanoparticles was also demonstrated by fluorescence spectroscopy based on fluorescence quenching of PB nanoparticles as a function of cesium concentration using a standard fluorophore like fluorescein in a manner analogous to that previously reported for As(III).
Smallholder farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation strategy choices in Central Ethiopia

Purpose Smallholder farmers have always been profoundly the first to be impacted by climate change, and therefore, farmers understanding of climate change and accessibility to alternative adaptation strategies are crucial for reducing the effect of climate change. The purpose of this study is to assess the perception of farmers to climate change, adaptation strategies and determinants of adaptation choice in central Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach The study used data from randomly selected 240 farm households. Descriptive statistics were used to describe farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies. Also, a multivariate probit model was used to identify the major factors affecting farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies to climate change in central Ethiopia. Findings Smallholder farmers perceive climate change in the past two decades in response; the majority (91.47%) of farmers used adaptation options. Improved crop varieties and input intensity, crop diversification, planting date adjustment, soil and water conservation activities and changing of the crop type were used as adaptation options in the study area. A few of these strategies were significantly confirmed a complementary and supplementary relationship. The study identified sex, family size, agroecology, climate information, crop-fail history and formal extension service as significant determinants for farmers’ adaptation choices as these variables significantly affected more than two farmers’ adaptation strategies simultaneously. Research limitations/implications Farmers’ choice of adaptation was highly constrained by institutional factors and all these identified factors can be possibly addressed through a better institutional service provision system. It is, therefore, recommended that local administrators should explore the institutional service provision system for a better farm-level adaptation while considering demographic characteristics as well. Originality/value This study identified factors affecting farmers’ several adaptation strategies at a time and provides information for the policymaker to make cost-effective interventions for better farm-level adaptation practices.
Effect of fruit fly protein bait on the red scale parasitoid, Aphytis lingnanensis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae): attraction and toxicity

Protein bait spray is a tool used widely in tephritid fruit fly pest (Diptera: Tephritidae) control and eradication programs. However, this technique might have a negative effect on non‐target, beneficial insects. Aphytis lingnanensis is a very successful parasitoid of the California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii, a worldwide pest of citrus. Though A. lingnanensis is widely used in augmentative release programs, the impact of protein bait‐insecticide mixtures on the parasitoid is not documented. In this study, we investigated the attraction of A. lingnanensis to Pinnacle® protein, a fruit fly protein bait commonly used in Australia. Following this, the contact toxicity of field weathered residues of protein bait mixed with the insecticides spinosad, fipronil, malathion and chlorpyrifos to A. lingnanensis were evaluated. Finally, the non‐lethal impact of these residues on the capacity of A. lingnanensis to parasitize its host was investigated. Food‐deprived parasitoids were not attracted to protein but were significantly attracted to honey. The lack of attraction of protein, however, increased when sugar was added to it. Relative to a control of only protein, protein bait‐insecticide mixtures applied on citrus leaves and weathered outdoors for 2 h, 3 days, 7 days and 12 days caused high mortality of A. lingnanensis. The residual toxicity of the four weathering periods, for all the protein bait‐insecticide mixtures, produced high mortality rates varying between 90% and 100%. In addition, the capacity of A. lingnanensis to parasitize its host after exposure to weathered residues containing an insecticide was severely affected. The results suggest that A. lingnanensis is highly susceptible to the insecticides evaluated here when used in fruit fly protein baits. Therefore, the use of these insecticides in protein bait sprays, as part of an area wide fruit fly management, should be carefully considered in areas where augmentative release and conservation of A. lingnanensis are also applied.
A Survey of Household Water Use and Groundwater Quality Index Assessment in a Rural Community of Cambodia

To propose an efficient system for addressing water scarcity in a rural area through groundwater use, the information on water consumption and interpretation of groundwater quality are essential for estimating the optimal preparation of the comprehensive water system. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the current household domestic water consumption and groundwater quality index of currently accessed wells in a small rural community of Preyveng province, Cambodia as a practical and beneficial as well as a model for the water resource sector in rural areas. The questionnaire survey was designed as the main instrument for collecting the household water use as face-to-face interviews. The result showed that the average daily water consumption in the Preal commune is about 71 L per capita, which is almost two times lower than the minimum water quantity recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), 150 L/day per capita. Moreover, 100% of the households in this commune heavily rely on groundwater wells for domestic water use and more than 50% confirmed that they used raw groundwater as drinking water without a proposer treatment system. Approximately 70% of the people in Preal wishes to have a clean water supply and more than 80% of the household had a positive willingness to pay for clean water supply. In terms of groundwater quality in the Preal commune, it is mainly contaminated by iron, arsenic, fluoride, and manganese, which are mainly associated with human health effects from daily consumption. About 75% of groundwater wells are presented in poor conditions and were unsuitable for drinking purposes. Lastly, the suitable water treatment and supply should be considered in order to reduce the effects on people’s health as well as to improve living conditions.
Comparison of the activity profile during Grand Slam women’s doubles tennis

ABSTRACT There is little information on the female doubles tennis. The aim of this study was to describe the activity profile of women’s doubles tennis, and to analyse the differences between playing surfaces. Twenty-one matches of three Grand Slams (GS) tournaments and played on 3 different surfaces, were analysed. Activity profile included rally duration (RD), resting time between points (RTP), resting time between games (RTG), resting time between sets (RTS), resting time (RT), effective playing time (EPT), total match time (TMT), work-to-rest ratio (W: R), shots per rally (SPR), shots per game (SPG), shots per set (SPS), shots per match (SPM), shot frequency (shots/second) (SPSc), and type of shots. Results showed that RTG and RT was longer at the Australian Open than at Roland Garros and Wimbledon, and the number of forehand (F) shots at Roland Garros was higher than at Wimbledon. The most common tennis shots are the F, the backhand (B), the first service and the volley (V), and more than 50% of the total shots in a match come from the baseline and mid court game. These results show that in women’s doubles the stimuli are short and intense and that net game is very important.
Classifying the Magnetosheath Behind the Quasi‐Parallel and Quasi‐Perpendicular Bow Shock by Local Measurements

We investigate and evaluate the possibility of using local magnetosheath measurements to classify the plasma according to upstream conditions. In order to do this, we use simultaneous measurements from the Cluster spacecraft from time intervals when one of them is located in the solar wind, and the other in the magnetosheath. In particular, we study the classification of the magnetosheath plasma into the classes quasi‐parallel versus quasi‐perpendicular and foreshock/no foreshock (referring to the geometry of the upstream bow shock). We evaluate this method based on the magnetosheath measurements of the high‐energy ion energy flux, magnetic field standard deviation, and ion temperature anisotropy. We find that the method is promising and useful, in that it eliminates the uncertainties associated with propagating upstream measurements made far from the bow shock. Finally, we discuss some possible extensions of the methodology to be investigated in the future.
Exploring individuals' adoption of COVID-19 contact-tracing apps: a mixed-methods approach

PurposeDuring the challenging time of lockdown and isolation due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), contact-tracing apps have played a critical role in health communication and preventive healthcare. This study proposed and tested an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) with key health factors (i.e. health risk perception from COVID-19, health information orientation to COVID-19 and health consciousness) to understand individuals' adoption of COVID-19 contact-tracing apps.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage online survey was conducted to collect data on US individuals’ intention and actual use of COVID-19 contact-tracing apps. The sample comprises 288 valid responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were employed as the complementary approaches.FindingsThe findings from PLS-SEM revealed that health risk perception, health information orientation and perceived usefulness have positive net effects on behavioral intention, which, in turn, affects actual use. The results from fsQCA highlighted the explanatory power of the extended TAM to COVID-19 contact-tracing app adoption.Originality/valueAlthough TAM is considerably effective in measuring technology acceptance, the phenomenon is highly context-driven. How technological and health factors simultaneously motivate the use of contact-tracing apps has not been well documented. The present study offers some implications for practitioners concerned about fostering the adoption of mobile health services in the time of COVID-19. Methodologically, this study is among the first to blend PLS-SEM and fsQCA to measure the explanatory power of a structural model.
Clustering of Latvian Pension Funds Using Convolutional Neural Network Extracted Features

Pension funds became a fundamental part of financial security in pensioners’ lives, guaranteeing stable income throughout the years and reducing the chance of living below the poverty level. However, participating in a pension accumulation scheme does not ensure financial safety at an older age. Various pension funds exist that result in different investment outcomes ranging from high return rates to underperformance. This paper aims to demonstrate alternative clustering of Latvian second pillar pension funds, which may help system participants make long-range decisions. Due to the demonstrated ability to extract meaningful features from raw time-series data, the convolutional neural network was chosen as a pension fund feature extractor that was used prior to the clustering process. In this paper, pension fund cluster analysis was performed using trained (on daily stock prices) convolutional neural network feature extractors. The extractors were combined with different clustering algorithms. The feature extractors operate using the black-box principle, meaning the features they learned to recognize have low explainability. In total, 32 models were trained, and eight different clustering methods were used to group 20 second-pillar pension funds from Latvia. During the analysis, the 12 best-performing models were selected, and various cluster combinations were analyzed. The results show that funds from the same manager or similar performance measures are frequently clustered together.
ENSO Dynamics in the E3SM-1-0, CESM2, and GFDL-CM4 Climate Models

This study examines historical simulations of ENSO in the E3SM-1-0, CESM2, and GFDL-CM4 climate models, provided by three leading U.S. modeling centers as part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). These new models have made substantial progress in simulating ENSO’s key features, including: amplitude; timescale; spatial patterns; phase-locking; spring persistence barrier; and recharge oscillator dynamics. However, some important features of ENSO are still a challenge to simulate. In the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, the models’ weaker-than-observed subsurface zonal current anomalies and zonal temperature gradient anomalies serve to weaken the nonlinear zonal advection of subsurface temperatures, leading to insufficient warm/cold asymmetry of ENSO’s sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). In the western equatorial Pacific, the models’ excessive simulated zonal SST gradients amplify their zonal temperature advection, causing their SSTA to extend farther west than observed. The models underestimate both ENSO’s positive dynamic feedbacks (due to insufficient zonal wind stress responses to SSTA) and its thermodynamic damping (due to insufficient convective cloud shading of eastern Pacific SSTA during warm events); compensation between these biases leads to realistic linear growth rates for ENSO, but for somewhat unrealistic reasons. The models also exhibit stronger-than-observed feedbacks onto eastern equatorial Pacific SSTAs from thermocline depth anomalies, which accelerates the transitions between events and shortens the simulated ENSO period relative to observations. Implications for diagnosing and simulating ENSO in climate models are discussed.
Effectiveness of Permeable Reactive Bio-Barriers for Bioremediation of an Organohalide-Polluted Aquifer by Natural-Occurring Microbial Community

In this study, a bioremediation approach was evaluated for the decontamination of an aquifer affected by the release of organohalides by an industrial landfill. After preliminary physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the landfill groundwater, the stimulation of natural organohalide respiration by the addition of a reducing substrate (i.e., molasse) was tested both at microcosm and at field scales, by the placement of an anaerobic permeable reactive bio-barrier. Illumina sequencing of cDNA 16S rRNA gene revealed that organohalide-respiring bacteria of genera Geobacter, Sulfurospirillum, Dehalococcoides, Clostridium and Shewanella were present within the aquifer microbial community, along with fermentative Firmicutes and Parvarchaeota. Microcosm experiments confirmed the presence of an active natural attenuation, which was boosted by the addition of the reducing substrate. Field tests showed that the bio-barrier decreased the concentration of chloroethenes at a rate of 23.74 kg d−1. Monitoring of organohalide respiration biomarkers by qPCR and Illumina sequencing revealed that native microbial populations were involved in the dechlorination process, although their specific role still needs to be clarified. The accumulation of lower-chloroethenes suggested the need of future improvement of the present approach by supporting bacterial vinyl-chloride oxidation, to achieve a complete degradation of chloroethenes.
The antifascist boxing body: Political somatics in boxe popolare

Palestre popolari (‘people’s gyms’) are flourishing in contemporary Italy. These gyms are run by leftist grassroots organizations (ANTIFA), which promote an alternative boxing style: boxe popolare (‘people’s boxing’). Drawing on a three-year ethnography, this article focuses on body usages in boxe popolare. Connecting Mauss with Bourdieu, the study elucidates that the ways in which bodies are deployed in boxe popolare shape a scheme of dispositions – mutualism, combat, engagement and conviviality – forming an antifascist pugilistic habitus. A leftist physicality is hence incorporated as an interpolation of political dispositions with virtues of prowess, self-control and toughness, instilled in boxe popolare bodies regardless of their gender identity. This emergent leftist physicality becomes bodily hexis as soon as it is displayed publicly by the fighters, both men and women, as the legitimate representation of the political community to which they belong. The study ends highlighting implications for research about political somatics.