Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visitor satisfaction with services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam

The increase in visitor demand creates more and more pressures on visitor management, especially in protected areas like national parks. Environmental interpretation is regarded as an effective soft management strategy that aims to educate visitors in national parks. However, no study about visitor satisfaction with environmental interpretation using Importance-Performance analysis has been undertaken in national parks in general and national parks of Vietnam in particular. This study attempts to fill in the research gaps in the literature by examining visitor satisfaction with services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park of Vietnam using Importance-Performance Analysis. The research aims are: (1) To identify current interpretive services in Cat Tien National Park; (2) To explore visitor use of these services for environmental interpretation; (3) To investigate visitor satisfaction with these services using Importance-Performance Analysis and (4) To analyze similarities and differences in visitor satisfaction with services according to motivation-based segments and market-based segments. Secondary research, a site visit and three semi-structured interviews were first implemented to provide information background for the study. Next, the main survey for both international and domestic visitors was conducted at the entry point of Cat Tien National Park. Data from 237 pre-visit and post-visit questionnaires collected in four weeks was then analyzed with relevant statistical analyses. Market-based segmentation and motivation-based segmentation were also implemented to analyze the data. The findings show that site interpreters were the most important service provider for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park. Site interpreters, interpretive signs and staff at the museum are very important and very satisfying services for environmental interpretation. Displays at the museum need to be redesigned to meet visitor satisfaction. Moreover, videos at the rescue centre need to improve the performance to ensure domestic visitor satisfaction. With regard to twelve roles of site interpreters, the role for a comfortable pace of the trip, the role for a good group organisation, the communicative roles and the roles of an environmental interpreter are important and satisfying roles according to visitors. The performance of the instrumental role for visitor safety and the social role for a positive group environment need to be enhanced to meet visitor satisfaction. Also, two roles of a motivator of responsible behaviour need to be enhanced to meet the satisfaction of “Passive visitors” and “Active learners”, as well as international visitors. The study highlights the need for continuing research on visitor satisfaction with environmental interpretation using importance performance analysis and visitor segmentation. Some management implications were given for future development of services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park.
A Bayesian Approach for TCP to Distinguish Congestion from Wireless Losses

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) has been the protocol of choice for many Internet applications requiring reliable connections. The design of TCP has been challenged by the extension of connections over wireless links. In this paper, we investigate a Bayesian approach to infer at the source host the reason of a packet loss, whether congestion or wireless transmission error. Our approach is “mostly” end-to-end since it requires only one long-term average quantity (namely, long-term average packet loss probability over the wireless segment) that may be best obtained with help from the network (e.g. wireless access agent). Specifically, we use Maximum Likelihood Ratio tests to evaluate TCP as a classifier of the type of packet loss. We study the effectiveness of short-term classification of packet errors (congestion vs. wireless), given stationary prior error probabilities and distributions of packet delays conditioned on the type of packet loss (measured over a longer time scale). Using our Bayesian-based approach and extensive simulations, we demonstrate that an efficient online error classifier can be built as long as congestion-induced losses and losses due to wireless transmission errors produce sufficiently different statistics. We introduce a simple queueing model to underline the conditional delay distributions arising from different kinds of packet losses over a heterogeneous wired/wireless path. To infer conditional delay distributions, we consider Hidden Markov Model (HMM) which explicitly considers discretized delay values observed by TCP as part of its state definition, in addition to an HMM which does not as in [9]. We demonstrate how estimation accuracy is influenced by different proportions of congestion versus wireless losses and penalties on incorrect classification.
Disruption by Lithium of Phosphoinositide Signalling in Cerebellar Granule Cells in Primary Culture

Abstract: Mild depolarisation (20 mM KCI) synergistically enhances the ability of a muscarinic agonist to activate phosphoinositide turnover and to elevate inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] in cerebellar granule cells in primary culture. The effects of lithium on this intense stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover was studied. Lithium causes depletion of cytoplasmic inositol and phosphoinositides, which results in the inhibition of phosphoinositide turnover within 15 min and the return of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to basal levels at this time. This inhibition could not be reversed by culturing and preincubating cerebellar granule cells in concentrations of inositol similar to those detected in the CSF. Inositol concentrations substantially in excess of those in the CSF not only reversed the effects of lithium on stimulated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels, but significantly enhanced this level in comparison with stimulation in the absence of lithium. sn‐1,2‐Diacylglycerol elevation during stimulated phosphoinositide turnover was also disrupted by lithium, but in contrast to Ins(1,4,5)3, the presence of lithium resulted in a transient enhancement of the elevation evoked by carbachol plus mild KCI depolarisation, which was reversed by 500 µM inositol, but not by 200 µM inositol. The implications of these phenomena in relation to the mechanism of action of lithium in the treatment of manic depression are discussed.
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Gabor Filtering

This paper provides a content-based digital image retrieval system. Our CBIR system uses the query by example technique and the relevance feedback. A Gabor filter based image feature extraction is proposed first. Thus, 3D image feature vectors using even-symmetric 2D Gabor filters are computed for the images of a large collection and for the input image. At each step an input image is selected, from the output set obtained in the previous step, and the most similar images from the collection are retrieved.
A Comprehensive Study of Open-loop Spatial Multiplexing and Transmit Diversity for Downlink LTE

Long Term Evolution (LTE) , which standardized by the 3GPP group, is designed to have wider channels up to 20MHz, with low latency and packet optimized radio access technology. The peak data rate envisaged for LTE is 100 Mbps in downlink and 50 Mbps in the uplink. The 3GPP has chosen the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access as the radio access technology due to his simple implementation in receiver and high performance and high spectral efficiency. In addition OFDMA technology, Different MIMO transmission methods are deployed to achieve data rate compliance with the LTE standards. To achieve high throughput required by the downlink LTE system, Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) has to ensure a BLER value smaller than 10%. The SNR-to-CQI mapping is required to achieve this goal. In this paper, we made a comprehensive study to evaluate the performances of open loop spatial multiplexing (OLSM) and transmit diversity (TxD) in downlink LTE system for different transmission mode. A comparison is performed between these transmission modes to achieve optimal utilization of the resources. We observe that, at lower values of SNR, TxD give higher throughput and reduced Block Error Rate (BLER) but, when the SNR value are increased, OLSM performs better than the TxD in terms of throughput.
A collaborative brain-computer interface

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) have been studied for several decades since the 1970s. Current BCI research mainly aims to provide a new communication channel to patients with motor disabilities to improve their quality of life. The BCI technology can also benefit normal healthy users; however, little progress has been made in real-world practices due to low BCI performance caused by technical limits of EEG. To overcome this bottleneck, this study uses a collaborative BCI to improve overall performance through integrating information from multiple users. A dataset involving 15 subjects participating in a Go/NoGo decision-making experiment was used to evaluate the collaborative method. Using collaborative computing techniques, the classification accuracy for predicting a Go/NoGo decision was enhanced substantially from 75.8% to 91.4%, 97.6%, and 99.1% as the number of subjects increased from 1 to 5, 10, and 15, respectively. These results suggest that a collaborative BCI can effectively fuse brain activities of a group of people to improve human behavior.
The Evolutionary Origination and Diversification of a Dimorphic Gene Regulatory Network through Parallel Innovations in cis and trans

The origination and diversification of morphological characteristics represents a key problem in understanding the evolution of development. Morphological traits result from gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that form a web of transcription factors, which regulate multiple cis-regulatory element (CRE) sequences to control the coordinated expression of differentiation genes. The formation and modification of GRNs must ultimately be understood at the level of individual regulatory linkages (i.e., transcription factor binding sites within CREs) that constitute the network. Here, we investigate how elements within a network originated and diversified to generate a broad range of abdominal pigmentation phenotypes among Sophophora fruit flies. Our data indicates that the coordinated expression of two melanin synthesis enzymes, Yellow and Tan, recently evolved through novel CRE activities that respond to the spatial patterning inputs of Hox proteins and the sex-specific input of Bric-à-brac transcription factors. Once established, it seems that these newly evolved activities were repeatedly modified by evolutionary changes in the network’s trans-regulators to generate large-scale changes in pigment pattern. By elucidating how yellow and tan are connected to the web of abdominal trans-regulators, we discovered that the yellow and tan abdominal CREs are composed of distinct regulatory inputs that exhibit contrasting responses to the same Hox proteins and Hox cofactors. These results provide an example in which CRE origination underlies a recently evolved novel trait, and highlights how coordinated expression patterns can evolve in parallel through the generation of unique regulatory linkages.
Bis[2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)acetonitrile-κN 3]dibromidocopper(II)

In the title complex, [CuBr2(C8H6N4)2], the CuII atom is located on an inversion centre and the asymmetric unit comprises one half-molecule. The Cu atom is coordinated by two Br ions and two N atoms in approximately square-planar geometry. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions between benzotriazole rings (centroid–centroid distance = 3.651 Å) generate a three-dimensional network.
Design of one-dimensional photonic crystals using combination of band diagram and photonic gap map approaches

The design of one-dimensional photonic crystals and the analysis of their optical properties have been performed using band diagram and forbidden gap map methods. It has been shown that the latter method is more useful for practical applications since (i) it can be applied for any number of periods and (ii) it is more suitable for the selection of a filling fraction in a wide range of values using a single graphical presentation. Three different types of photonic crystals with small, medium, and high optical contrast were modeled using both methods. The features of the omnidirectional band gap formation for photonic crystals with small optical contrast and low number of periods have been explained. The formation of a one-dimensional photonic structure with limited number of periods and omnidirectional band gap close to that for an infinite periodic structure has been discussed.
Some studies on the effect of protexin on immune status of cultured seabass fingerlings.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of protexin probiotic (Enterococcus faecium) on growth performance, differential leucocytes count, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, Total bacterial count, Total enterobacteriaceae count and Total coliform count of intestinal microbial flora of seabass and disease resistance against challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus. Fish were separated in to four experimental groups of 0.0 g/kg feed (control), 0.1 g/kg feed, 0.2 g/kg feed, 0.3 g/kg feed of commercial probiotic protexin concentrate. Fish fed at 3% body weight per day. Results showed that protexin supplementation have significant improvement in growth performance, significantly increasing in lymphocytes, monocytes, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, Serum total protein and globulin in all treated groups compared to control Contrary neutrophils and albumin/globulin ratio significantly decreased in all treated groups comparing to the control as well as decreasing in Total bacterial count, Total enterobacteriaceae count and Total coliform count of all treated groups comparing to the control. The mortality rates after challenging with Vibrio alginolyticus were significantly lower in all treated groups than the control. Results indicated that by increasing the concentration of the protexin probiotic results getting better in all examined parameters comparing to control. The present study clearly indicated that inclusion of 0.3gm / kg feed of protexin probiotic in fish diet for not less than 6th weeks can improve the immune status of seabass fingerlings to the favor of resistance to diseases.
Development of a Novel Climate Adaptation Algorithm for Climate Risk Assessment

To comprehensively assess the climate risk originating from climate change, this study aims at developing a novel climate adaptation algorithm, representing not only on the basis of Climate Change Adaptation Six Steps (CCA6Steps), but also innovations in climate risk template. The climate risk template is proposed as a climate risk analysis tool based on the procedure of CCA6Steps, including the identification of problems and objectives, the analysis of current and future risks, and the assessment of adaptation options, to identify the relationship between the climate risk components, including hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. An application is implemented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm in this study. The results show that the problems and objectives which concern the governance level and stakeholders can be clearly identified by the proposed algorithm. The relationship between climate-related hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of the protected target can also be precisely investigated. Furthermore, the climate adaptation strategies able to mitigate the impact of hazards on the protected target are further discussed in this study. In summary, the proposed climate adaptation algorithm is expected to provide a standard operating procedure and be a useful tool to support climate risk assessment.
Imidazopurinones are markers of physiological genomic damage linked to DNA instability and glyoxalase 1-associated tumour multidrug resistance

Glyoxal and methylglyoxal are reactive dicarbonyl metabolites formed and metabolized in physiological systems. Increased exposure to these dicarbonyls is linked to mutagenesis and cytotoxicity and enhanced dicarbonyl metabolism by overexpression of glyoxalase 1 is linked to tumour multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. We report herein that glycation of DNA by glyoxal and methylglyoxal produces a quantitatively important class of nucleotide adduct in physiological systems—imidazopurinones. The adduct derived from methylglyoxal-3-(2′-deoxyribosyl)-6,7-dihydro-6,7-dihydroxy-6/7-methylimidazo-[2,3-b]purine-9(8)one isomers—was the major quantitative adduct detected in mononuclear leukocytes in vivo and tumour cell lines in vitro. It was linked to frequency of DNA strand breaks and increased markedly during apoptosis induced by a cell permeable glyoxalase 1 inhibitor. Unexpectedly, the DNA content of methylglyoxal-derived imidazopurinone and oxidative marker 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine were increased moderately in glyoxalase 1-linked multidrug resistant tumour cell lines. Together these findings suggest that imidazopurinones are a major type of endogenous DNA damage and glyoxalase 1 overexpression in tumour cells strives to counter increased imidazopurinone formation in tumour cells likely linked to their high glycolytic activity.
Coordinated Motion Design on Lie Groups

The present paper proposes a unified geometric framework for coordinated motion on Lie groups. It first gives a general problem formulation and analyzes ensuing conditions for coordinated motion. Then, it introduces a precise method to design control laws in fully actuated and underactuated settings with simple integrator dynamics. It thereby shows that coordination can be studied in a systematic way once the Lie group geometry of the configuration space is well characterized. Applying the proposed general methodology to particular examples allows to retrieve control laws that have been proposed in the literature on intuitive grounds. A link with Brockett's double bracket flows is also made. The concepts are illustrated on SO(3) , SE(2) and SE(3) .
Retinal Degeneration and Ionizing Radiation Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model for Cockayne Syndrome

ABSTRACT Mutations in the CSB gene cause Cockayne syndrome (CS), a DNA repair disorder characterized by UV sensitivity and severe physical and neurological impairment. CSB functions in the transcription-coupled repair subpathway of nucleotide excision repair. This function may explain the UV sensitivity but hardly clarifies the other CS symptoms. Many of these, including retinopathy, are associated with premature aging. We studied eye pathology in a mouse model for CS. Csbm/m mice were hypersensitive to UV light and developed epithelial hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinomas in the cornea, which underscores the importance of transcription-coupled repair of photolesions in the mouse. In addition, we observed a spontaneous loss of retinal photoreceptor cells with age in the Csbm/m retina, resulting in a 60% decrease in the number of rods by the age of 18 months. Importantly, when Csbm/m mice (as well as Csa−/− mice) were exposed to 10 Gy of ionizing radiation, we noticed an increase in apoptotic photoreceptor cells, which was not observed in wild-type animals. This finding, together with our observation that the expression of established oxidative stress marker genes is upregulated in the Csbm/m retina, suggests that (endogenous) oxidative DNA lesions play a role in this CS-specific premature-aging feature and supports the oxidative DNA damage theory of aging.
Symphony: Simulation, emulation, and virtualization framework for accurate WSN experimentation

We have developed a simulation framework for testing and validation of WSN applications which closely resembles processes happening inside real equipment including hardware and software induced delays. The core of the framework consists of a virtualized operating system and an emulated hardware platform integrated with a general purpose network simulator ns-3. Besides an ability of experimenting with the real code base as in the real deployments our framework allows testing the boundary effects of different hardware components on the performance of distributed applications and protocols. All in all the presented framework allows to substantially shorten the development cycle of WSN applications.
Boosted Band Ratio Feature Selection for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Band ratios have many useful applications in hyperspectral image analysis. While optimal ratios have been chosen empirically in previous research, we propose a principled algorithm for the automatic selection of ratios directly from data. First, a robust method is used to estimate the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) between different sample distributions and evaluate the optimality of individual ratio features. Then, the boosting framework is adopted to select multiple ratio features iteratively. Multiclass classification is handled by using a pairwise classification framework. The algorithm can also be applied to the selection of discriminant bands. Experimental results on both simple material identification and complex land cover classification demonstrate the potential of this ratio selection algorithm
OLERA: A Semi-supervised Approach for Web Data Extraction with Visual Support

Information extraction (IE) from semi-structured Web documents plays an important role for a variety of information agents. Over the past few years, researchers have developed a rich family of generic IE techniques based on supervised approaches which learn extraction rules from user-labelled training examples. However, annotating training data can be expensive when thousands of data sources need to be wrapped. In this article, we introduce OLERA, a semi-supervised IE system that produces extraction rules without detailed annotation of the training documents. Instead, a rough segment that contains all that need to be extracted in one record is given as an example. OLERA is designed with visualization support such that the discovered records is displayed in a spreadsheet-like table for schema assignment. The experiments show that OLERA performs well for program-generated Web pages with very few training pages and user intervention.
On the use of social agents for image segmentation

In the literature, there are a lot of methods for image segmentation. Unfortunatelly, they are often limited in their capacity to treat image odtained by an acquisition system (Optical, X-Ray, IRM, .). Thus, many of them are dedicated to particular solutions and there is no generic method for solving the image segmentation problem. In this paper, we present a way to implement segmentation methods which use models coming from biology: social spiders and social ants which are implemented by a multi-agent system. After a presentation of the principles of these two methods, we will quickly present two another ones: Region Growing and Otsu thresholding methods, in the aim to compare their results. The simulation of these methods shows results that are promising. Some perspectives have been retained in order to overcome agent-based methods for having a robust segmentation technique.
Wind turbine rotor acceleration: identification using gaussian regression

Gaussian processes prior model methods for data analysis are applied to wind turbine time series data to identify both rotor speed and rotor acceleration from a poor measurement of rotor speed. In so doing, two issues are addressed. Firstly, the rotor speed is extracted from a combined rotor speed and generator speed measurement. A novel adaptation of Gaussian process regression based on two independent processes ratherthan a single process is presented. Secondly, efficient algorithms for the manipulation of large matrices are required. The Toeplitz nature of the matrices is exploited to derive novel fast algorithms for the Gaussian process methodology that are memory efficient.