Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mediating effect of geospatial thinking on the relationship between family capital and academic achievement in geography

Purpose Family environment has the major impact on children’s academic development. The aim of this study was to research the relationship between family capital and academic achievement in geography. Further, geospatial thinking, as a form of spatial thinking focusing on the scale of the geographical environment, is closely related to family environment and academic achievement in geography. Thus, the study was more specifically to apply a mediation model to explore the potential mediating role of geospatial thinking. Methods A total of 1,037 upper-secondary-school students in Western China were surveyed using t the Family Capital Questionnaire and the Geospatial Thinking Test Questionnaire. SPSS (version 26.0) was used for descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The PROCESS plug-in (version 4.0) was used to test the mediating effect of geospatial thinking. Results (1) The correlation analysis showed that family capital has a positive effect on academic achievement in geography and is related to geospatial thinking. Moreover, geospatial thinking exerts a positive effect on academic achievement in geography. (2) The results of mediation analysis indicated that geospatial thinking plays mediating and buffering roles in the relationship between family capital and academic achievement in geography after controlling for family residence and gender. The direct and indirect effects accounted for 75.32% and 24.68% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion The results indicated that family capital not only affected academic achievement in geography directly but also indirectly through geospatial thinking. This finding provides some ideas for the development of geography education, which suggests that geography educators need to pay more attention to the influence of the family environment on students’ geography learning in curriculum design and teaching processes. Also, the mediating role of geospatial thinking further uncovers the mechanisms underlying the academic achievement in geography. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on both students’ family capital and geospatial thinking in the process of geography learning, and carry out more geospatial thinking training to improve academic achievement in geography.
The Effect of Career Development, Job Demands and Job Resources on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variables and Knowledge Sharing as Moderating Variables at Pt Pramana Artha Raharja

The aim of this research is to analyze and interpret the effect of career development, job demands and job resources on employee performance with job satisfaction as an intervening variable and knowledge sharing as a moderating variable at PT Pramana Artha Raharja. This study used a population of 100 employees who had worked at PT Pramana Artha Raharja. The saturated sample technique was used in the research so that the final sample size was 100 respondents. Data analysis in this study used SmartPLS version 3.0. The results in this study of the variables career development, job demands and job resources have no significant effect on job satisfaction, then the variables career development, job demands and job resources have no significant effect on employee performance while the variable job satisfaction has no significant effect on employee performance. Then the knowledge sharing variable has no effect on moderating the relationship between career development, job demands and job resources on employee performance
Students' Use and Misuse of Mathematical Theorems: The Case of Lagrange's Theorem

Abstract Algebra , Macmillan Publishing Company. Leron, U. and Dubinsky, E. (in press). An Abstract Algebra story, The American Mathematical Monthly . Leron, U. , Hazzan, O. and Zazkis, R. (in press). Learning Group Isomorphism: A Crossroads of Many Concepts. Educational Studies in Mathematics . MacLane, S. and Birkhoff, G. (1979). Algebra , Macmillan Publishing co. Nesher, P. and Teubal, E. (1975). Verbal Cues as an Interfering Factor in Verbal Problem Solving. Educational Studies in Mathematics 6 , pp. 41-51. Nesher, P. (1980). The Stereotyped Nature of School Word Problems. For the Learning of Mathematics 1 , No. 1, pp. 41-48. Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Mathematical Problem Solving, Academic press, Inc. Schoenfeld, A. H. (1989). Explorations of Students' Mathematical Beliefs and Behavior. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education , Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 338-355. Selden, A. and Selden, J. (1987). Errors and misconceptions in college level theorem proving, in Proceedings of the Second International Seminar - Misconceptions and Educational Strategies in Science and Mathematics
Multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of polycrystalline gadolinium-doped PbTiO3—Charge compensation and site of incorporation

Gadolinium(III)-modified polycrystalline lead titanate (PbTiO3) of 1.0mol% dopant level was investigated by means of multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in order to determine sign and size of the local-environment sensitive finestructure parameter B20. The Gd3+ ions were assigned to substitute for Pb2+ at the A site of the perovskite ABO3 lattice, providing donor centers. The obtained value amounts to B20=0.776(2)GHz at ambient temperature and 0.860(2)GHz at 5K, thus showing a considerable temperature dependence. A charge-compensation mechanism is proposed that is based solely on the creation of lead and oxygen vacancies.
Recycled Carbonate‐Bearing Silicate Sediments in the Sources of Circum‐Mediterranean K‐Rich Lavas: Evidence From Mg‐Zn Isotopic Decoupling

The high flux of subaerial volcanic CO2 emissions around the circum‐Mediterranean region requires the involvement of an unusually carbon‐rich reservoir, but the origin of which is still unclear. Here, we aim to resolve this problem by analyzing Mg and Zn isotopes for the widely distributed mafic potassic to ultrapotassic lavas in this region. These K‐rich lavas have lower δ26Mg but similar δ66Zn compared to mid‐ocean ridge basalts (MORB). No known magmatic processes can explain the isotopic data, which must therefore be characteristics of the mantle sources. Recycled carbonate sediments are capable of explaining the low δ26Mg, but they typically also have high δ66Zn. Thus, the low δ26Mg but unfractionated δ66Zn of these K‐rich lavas define “Mg‐Zn isotopic decoupling” which has not yet been observed for other types of mantle‐derived lavas. The carbonate‐bearing silicate sediments analyzed here possess low δ26Mg and MORB‐like δ66Zn, which can account for the Mg‐Zn isotopic decoupling. Therefore, the nature of recycled materials (carbonates vs. carbonate‐bearing silicate sediments) in the mantle can be distinguished by the coupling or decoupling of Mg and Zn isotopes of mantle‐derived magmas. The input flux of carbon from the sediments to the lithospheric mantle is estimated to be ∼8.1 Mt/yr, and ∼22.4 Mt/yr of CO2 emissions are predicted, which fit well with the observed output flux of 20.1 ± 13.4 Mt/yr. Our results demonstrate that recycled crustal carbon stored in the lithospheric mantle is an important source for the extensive subaerial volcanic CO2 emissions in the circum‐Mediterranean region.
Wall-pressure fluctuations associated with subsonic turbulent boundary layer flow

Experimental results are given for various statistical properties of the fluctuating wall-pressure field associated with a subsonic turbulent equilibrium boundary layer, developed on a smooth wind tunnel wall after natural transition from laminar to turbulent flow. The statistical quantities of the wall-pressure field investigated were root-mean-square pressure, frequency power spectrum and space-time correlations. Space-time correlation measurements were made in both broad and narrow frequency bands. The experiments were made at flow Mach numbers of 0·3 and 0·5 and covered a Reynolds number range of about 5 to 1. The main conclusion to which the measurements lead is that the wall-pressure field has a structure produced by contributions from pressure sources in the boundary layer with a wide range of convection velocities, and comprises two families of convected wave-number components. One family is of high wave-number components and is associated with turbulent motion in the constant stress layer; the components are longitudinally coherent for times proportional to the times taken for them to be convected distances equal to their wavelengths and laterally coherent over distances proportional to their wavelengths. The other family comprises components of wavelength greater than about twice the boundary-layer thickness, which lose coherence as a group more or less independently of wavelength and are associated with large-scale eddy motion in the boundary layer, outside the constant stress layer. The evolution of the pressure field is discussed in terms of these two wave-number families.
Bias‐corrected confidence bands in nonparametric regression

Bias‐corrected confidence bands for general nonparametric regression models are considered. We use local polynomial fitting to construct the confidence bands and combine the cross‐validation method and the plug‐in method to select the bandwidths. Related asymptotic results are obtained. Our simulations show that confidence bands constructed by local polynomial fitting have much better coverage than those constructed by using the Nadaraya–Watson estimator. The results are also applicable to nonparametric autoregressive time series models.
Exact Likelihood Inference for Two Exponential Populations Under Joint Progressive Type-II Censoring

Comparative lifetime experiments are of great importance when the interest is in ascertaining the relative merits of two competing products with regard to their reliability. In this article, we consider two exponential populations and when joint progressive Type-II censoring is implemented on the two samples. We then derive the moment generating functions and the exact distributions of the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) of the mean lifetimes of the two exponential populations under such a joint progressive Type-II censoring. We then discuss the exact lower confidence bounds, exact confidence intervals, and simultaneous confidence regions. Next, we discuss the corresponding approximate results based on the asymptotic normality of the MLEs as well as those based on the Bayesian method. All these confidence intervals and regions are then compared by means of Monte Carlo simulations with those obtained from bootstrap methods. Finally, an illustrative example is presented in order to illustrate all the methods of inference discussed here.
How Employees’ Roles and Communication Responsibility Play a Role in an Ideation Process on Internal Social Media

ABSTRACT This article contributes to the emerging research on employees’ communication roles and responsibility. The article explores how and why employees act as responsible communicators while shifting between different roles in an ideation process on internal social media. The empirical material consists of online observations of employee ideation on internal social media and 14 interviews with employees in a Danish knowledge-intensive organization. Drawing on identity work and discourse analysis, this article analyzes the different roles that employees enact, shift and position themselves in when generating ideas on internal social media. The analysis identified eight different communication roles: Diplomat, Expert, Forecaster, Veteran, Facilitator, Investigator, Skeptic, and Apprentice. The role framework provides new knowledge on the diversity and characteristics of employees’ roles on a micro-level and how they complement each other in driving the ideation process forward. This framework may provide managers with an analytical lens to identify potential challenges related to role enactment at different stages of the process. Awareness of the different roles and their significance for the process may also encourage employees to overcome barriers such as insecurity and fear of critical reactions from their colleagues when they generate ideas online in a context of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity.
Human Nanoplatelets as Living Vehicles for Tumor-Targeted Endocytosis In Vitro and Imaging In Vivo

Recent studies have shown human platelets can access the tumor microenvironment by passive diffusion across capillaries or via activated immune cells. In a previous study, we exploited this affinity of platelets for tumor cells as part of a new approach to target tumors with modified platelets. Therefore, the engineering of human nanoplatelets as living vehicles for in vivo tumor-targeted near-infra-red fluorescence (NIRF) imaging and the delivery of cytotoxins to tumor cells by endocytosis are described in this study. Nanoplatelets with an average diameter of 200 nm were prepared by mild sonication of kabiramide C (KabC)-loaded human platelets. The sealed plasma membrane of the nanoplatelets allows them to accumulate and retain membrane-permeable chemicals, such as epidoxorubicin (EPI) and KabC. Tumor-targeted imaging functionalities were engineered on the nanoplatelets by surface-coupling transferrin, Cy5 and Cy7. High-resolution fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry analyses showed that the nanoplatelets loaded with EPI and Cy5 targeted human myeloma cells (RPMI8226 cells) that over-expressed the transferrin receptor. The endocytosis of the nanoplatelets by RPMI8226 cells was transferrin-dependent and induced apoptosis. The test results also showed that the nanoplatelets functionalized with transferrin and Cy7 and injected in mice bearing RPMI8226 cells-derived myeloma xenotransplants accumulated in the tumor tissue and could be used for high-contrast in vivo NIRF imaging of early-stage tumors. Nanoplatelets represent a new class of living nano-vehicles that may efficiently target and deliver therapeutic agents and imaging probes to diseased tissues including tumors.
A Capillary Bundle Model for the Electrical Conductivity of Saturated Frozen Porous Media

Liquid water in frozen porous media provides the path for moisture and solute migration, which is one of the essential problems to study thaw‐weakening and frost‐heave in freezing region engineering. Determining and monitoring liquid water saturation and permeability in saturated frozen porous media are therefore critical issues in cold regions. To this end, geophysical methods are tools of choice given their non‐invasive nature. Electrical conductivity as a physical property is related to both the bulk characteristics of saturated porous medium submitted to frozen temperatures, like porosity as well as liquid water content, and surface properties, such as the solid surface‐liquid water and bulk ice‐liquid water interfaces. In this study, we upscale a microstructural procedure of liquid water‐saturated frozen soils to predict the electrical conductivity with different pore size distributions (PSDs). Then, we analyze the model sensitivity to the model parameters and compare the lognormal and fractal PSD models. Furthermore, the proposed model successfully predicts the experimental data of electrical conductivity for different samples from experiments that are part of this work and published data. The proposed model for characterizing electrical conductivity opens up new possibilities to describe the distribution and dynamics of liquid water with geoelectrical and electromagnetic techniques in frozen environments.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Revisiting the 26.5◦C Sea Surface Temperature Threshold for Tropical Cyclone Development

Abstract: A high sea surface temperature is generally accepted to be one of the necessary ingredients for tropical cyclone development, indicative of the potential for surface heat and moisture fluxes capable of fueling a self-sustaining circulation. Although the minimum 26.5°C threshold for tropical cyclogenesis has become a mainstay in research and education, the fact that a non-negligible fraction of storm formation events (about 5%) occur over cooler waters casts some doubt on the robustness of this estimate. Tropical cyclogenesis over sub-threshold sea surface temperatures is associated with low tropopause heights, indicative of the presence of a cold trough aloft. To focus on this type of development environment, the applicability of the 26.5°C threshold is investigated for tropical transitions from baroclinic precursor disturbances in all basins between 1989 and 2013. Although the threshold performs well in the majority of cases without appreciable environmental baroclinicity, the potential for development is underestimated by up to 27% for systems undergoing tropical transition. An alternative criterion of a maximum 22.5°C difference between the tropopause-level and 850-hPa equivalent potential temperatures (defined as the coupling index) is proposed for this class of development. When combined with the standard 26.5°C sea surface temperature threshold for precursor-free environments, error rates are reduced to 3-6% for all development types. The addition of this physically relevant representation of the deep-tropospheric state to the ingredientsbased conceptual model for tropical cyclogenesis improves the representation of the important tropical transition-based subset of development events.
Iterative Fourier transform algorithm: comparison of various approaches

In this paper, a convergence of various approaches within the iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA) is analysed for the case of phase-only diffractive optical elements with quantized phase levels (either binary or multilevel structures). Firstly, the general scheme of the IFTA iterative approach with partial quantization is briefly presented and discussed. Then, the special assortment of the general IFTA scheme is given with respect to quantization constraint strategies. Based on such a special classification, the three practically interesting approaches are chosen, further analysed and compared with each other. The performance of these algorithms is compared in detail in terms of the development of the signal-to-noise ratio characteristic with respect to the number of iterations, for various input diffusive-type objects chosen. Also, the performance of the complex spectra developments is documented for typical computer reconstruction results. The advantages and drawbacks of all approaches are discussed, and a brief guide on the choice of a particular approach for typical design tasks is given. Finally, two ways of amplitude elimination within the design procedure are considered, namely direct elimination and partial elimination of the amplitude of the complex hologram function.
Behavior of anchorage narrow mechanically stabilized earth walls under seismic loading

The rapid increasing and development of infra-structures in Egypt in very limited spaces involves construction of Narrow Mechanically Stabilized Earth (NMSE) walls having an aspect ratio (ratio of reinforcement length, L, to wall height, H) below 0.70. These walls are constructed Infront of existing rigid faces and the top reinforcement layer is fixed to the face by mechanical connections. These walls are subjected to dynamic loads when constructed in active seismically areas. The purpose of this paper is to present a typical -one- reduced scale (1/8 of the prototype model) shaking table test of (L/H) equal 0.30. The model is shaken using stepped sinusoidal base accelerations with incrementally increasing displacement amplitude and constant frequencies to generate an equivalent base acceleration ranging from 0.05 g to 0.80 g or until failure occurs. The frequency of the wave is 2.50 Hz. The results of the tests displays that the yield acceleration of the tested wall is about 0.48g. The results of NMSE walls with reinforcement anchorage resulted in yield acceleration higher than 26 % when correlated to the published NMSE walls without reinforcement anchorage. Finally, 1.25 average amplification factor can be used in the seismic design of NMSE walls of similar configurations.
Free Convection Heat Transfer from Vertical Slender Cylinders: A Review

The effect of transversal curvature of a vertical cylinder becomes important where the thermal boundary layer thickness is comparable or thicker then the radius of cylinder. The cylinder slenderness criterion for laminar free convection for fluids of Prandtl numbers from 0.01 to 100 is presented. The classical analysis of the laminar free convection heat transfer from vertical cylinders is shown. Some results of numerical calculations of the turbulent boundary layer on a vertical cylinder using modified integral method are given. Experimental data concerning the laminar-turbulent transition suggest that the critical Grashof number for a vertical flat plate is Gr cr ≈ 109 and for a vertical cylinder is Gr cr ≈ 4 × 109. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental data for free convection heat transfer from vertical slender circular cylinders are surveyed. A separate section of the paper is devoted to the presentation of the list of selected correlation equations. Some of them are compared graphically. In the laminar region, the correlation equation based on the numerical calculations is validated with the recent experimental results for Prandtl number of 0.71 and for the cylinder height to diameter ratio from 1 to 60. In the turbulent region, few experimental data are available, and some results indicate that the effect of transversal curvature on the average convective heat transfer is very weak.
1+1 <2: Efficient Automatic Standard Cell Sharing Between Digital VLSI Designs for Area Saving

In the field of digital VLSI design, multimode circuits are the designs where the modes can be switched according to different application scenarios, and are commonly used in communication systems. In a multimode circuit, different modes are usually implemented by different circuits, which can lead to large circuit area consumption. For different modes, sharing their isomorphic circuit regions in the standard cell level can save the area. This goal is similar to that in the subgraph isomorphism problem, which is to check if a given graph is a subgraph of another one. However, subgraph isomorphism needs unacceptable runtime to solve as it is NP-complete. Even worse, finding the largest isomorphic regions of different circuits is a problem harder than subgraph isomorphism. In this article, we propose a novel algorithm for efficiently finding enough isomorphic circuit regions of different digital circuits in polynomial time, and give the theoretical proof of the correctness. The experiments show that the proposed approach can save 20%–25% area on average by sharing the standard cells between 2 and 4 circuits, while keeping the functional correctness. The proposed algorithm also has reasonable runtime and mostly incurs negligible timing overhead.