Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Effects of Turbidity Variation on Water Temperature and Evaporation of Gilgel Gibe I Reservoir, Omo-Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia

Turbidity has a significant impact on reservoir water by raising the temperature and evaporation rates. This study provided clear and concise information about the effects of turbidity alteration on reservoir water. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of turbidity variation on reservoir water temperature and evaporation. To determine these effects, the samples were taken from the reservoir by stratifying it randomly along the reservoir course. To evaluate the relationship between turbidity and water temperature and also to measure the vertical alteration of water temperature, ten pools were burrowed, and they were filled with turbid water. Two class A pans were installed in the field to determine the effect of turbidity on reservoir evaporation. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and MS Excel. The results depicted that turbidity has a direct, solid positive relationship with water temperature at 9:00 and 13:00 and a vigorous negative relationship at 17:00, and water temperature decreased vertically from the top to the bottom layer. There was a greater extinction of sunlight in most turbid water. The differences in water temperature between the top and bottom layers were 9.78°C and 1.53°C for most and least turbid water at 13:00 observation hour, respectively. Turbidity has a direct and strong positive relationship with reservoir evaporation. The relation was analyzed using Spearman’s ranked correlation coefficient, and the vertical alteration of water temperatures was analyzed using a box and whisker plot. The tested results were statistically significant. The study concluded that an increment in reservoir turbidity immensely heightens both reservoir water temperature and evaporation.
The robustness of future changes in Northern Hemisphere blocking: A large ensemble projection with multiple sea surface temperature patterns

Future changes in the frequency of Northern Hemisphere blocking are investigated via large ensemble simulations using a 60 km mesh atmospheric general circulation model prescribed with six future sea surface temperature patterns derived from state‐of‐the‐art climate models under a 4 K warmer climate. Our simulations depict the frequency of wintertime blocking decreasing from 16.6% ± 0.7% to 13.1% ± 2.1% in the Euro‐Atlantic sector and from 17.4% ± 0.7% to 14.8% ± 2.4% in the Pacific sector. This decline in frequency is seen to affect Euro‐Atlantic blocking of all durations and Pacific blocking of more than 15 days' duration. During summer, our simulations not only exhibit a robust decrease (from 10.7% ± 0.4% to 7.6% ± 0.7%) in the Euro‐Atlantic blocking frequency but also show that the magnitude of this decrease is smaller for longer‐lived blocking. In contrast, the Pacific blocking frequency either does not change or increases slightly, particularly for events of 15–29 days' duration.
Antimicrobial resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broiler, layer, and breeder chickens

Background and Aim: Antimicrobials are extensively used in poultry production for growth promotion as well as for the treatment and control of diseases, including avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Poor selection, overuse, and misuse of antimicrobial agents may promote the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in APEC. This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in APEC isolated from clinical cases of colibacillosis in commercial broiler, layer, and breeder chickens. Materials and Methods: A total of 487 APEC were isolated from 539 across 300 poultry farms in various regions of Nepal. antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The index of AMR, such as multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index, resistance score (R-score), and multidrug resistance (MDR) profile, were determined. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect multiple ARGs and correlations between phenotypic and genotypic resistance were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of APEC was 91% (487/539). All of these isolates were found resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, and 41.7% of the isolates were resistant against 8–9 different antimicrobials. The antibiogram of APEC isolates overall showed the highest resistance against ampicillin (99.4%), whereas the highest intermediate resistance was observed in enrofloxacin (92%). The MAR index and R-score showed significant differences between broiler and layers, as well as between broiler breeder and layers. The number of isolates that were R to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories tested was 446 (91.6%) and were classified as MDR-positive isolates. The ARGs were identified in 439 (90.1%) APEC isolates, including the most detected mobilized colistin resistance (mcr1) which was detected in the highest (52.6%) isolates. Overall, resistance gene of beta-lactam (blaTEM), mcr1, resistance gene of sulphonamide (sul1) and resistance gene of tetracycline (tetB) (in broiler), were detected in significantly higher than other tested genes (p < 0.001). When examining the pair-wise correlations, a significant phenotype-phenotype correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline with doxycycline. Similarly, a significant phenotype-genotype correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between chloramphenicol and the tetB, and colistin with blaTEM and resistance gene of quinolone (qnrA). Conclusion: In this study, the current state of APEC AMR in commercial chickens is revealed for the first time. This information is useful for the clinical management of disease as well as the creation of policies and guidelines to lower AMR in Nepal’s commercial chicken production. Keywords: antibiotic resistance gene, multiplex PCR, colibacillosis, multiple antibiotic resistance index, mcr1, commercial chicken.
Comparação de modelos receptores GPS para utilização na agricultura de precisão.

ABSTRACT: After the liberation of Selective Availability (S/A) several GPS receivers started to have enough accuracy or precision for work with grid sampling in Precision Agriculture. There are few articles describing the accuracy and precision of these receivers. The objective of this work was compared and calculated the accuracy of two models very used for grid sampling in Brazil. The study was done in a flat surface, common in the Cerrados region. The geographical reference was determined by DGPS collecting data for 10 hous. The tested models (Garmin GPSIII Plus and Garmin etrex Vista) were evaluated for 5 days in the period of 7 a.m. to 17 p.m. The concept of Circular Error Probability (CEP) was uded for the accuracy and precision calculation. The model Garmin GPSIII Plus presented CEP 50% = 3,6m, CEP 90% = 6,7m, CEP 95% = 7,4 and CEP 98% = 8,2m. The model Garmin etrex Vista presented CEP 50% = 3,3m, CEP 90% = 6,2m, CEP 95% = 6,2 and CEP 98% = 7,6m. Both models presented different error patterns, while the model GPSIII Plus presented aleatory error the etrex Vista presented systematic error (several points overlapped). It was also noticed that the GPS error increased a lot after 15 p.m. for both. In the Cerrados region the grid sampling used by the farmers is much larger than this; therefore the accuracy and precision are enough for grid sampling.
EXPLORING ONLINE RESERVATION DECISION THROUGH E-COMMERCE PLATFORM IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY

E-Commerce currently has a very high growth rate where the needs that are obtained quickly and precisely become the main target for the world of e-commerce, one of the industries that have started using e-commerce is the hospitality industry that utilizes this internet technology. With the e-commerce platform, people can make reservations online because there are many choices of hotels along with reviews, ratings and facilities that have been listed on the e-commerce platform and there are even discounts, promotions and prices that are cheaper than making walk-in reservations and discounts without having to go to the hotel they want to go to so they can save time, so they have considerations and decisions in making online reservations. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of purchase information and assessment of promotional benefits on online reservation decisions through e-commerce platform in the hospitality industry. The methodology used to conduct this research is quantitative with a causal associative approach. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires online through people who have used e-commerce platforms in making online reservations in the hotel industry, so that 150 people were obtained, with a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. Most respondents were between 17-25 years old with 84% of respondents. The results found that purchasing information experience affects online reservation decisions in the hotel industry. Meanwhile, the assessment of promotion benefits does no effect online reservation decisions in the hotel industry. This study concludes that when people want to make an online reservation they will look at the ratings, evaluations, or comments given by individuals or users who have stayed and used services at the hotel and with the many discounts, promotions, price cuts and cheaper prices when making online reservations using e-commerce platforms will increase online reservation decisions in the hotel industry.
Solid Waste Management in Coastal Ghana

Solid waste management is a major problem in most areas of coastal Ghana, where waste is dumped into drains that discharge into the sea or is dumped directly onto beaches. This is as a result of inadequate waste management infrastructure, low patronage of the few infrastructure available, and poor management. The consequence is an increase in vulnerability to sanitation related diseases such as malaria, typhoid and cholera as well as threatened coastal ecosystems’ health. Improper solid waste disposal practices are usually counter-productive to the many benefits and uses of the coast and directly impact the livelihoods and businesses that are dependent on the coast and the sea. For coastal management purposes, there is a need to gather knowledge about household waste disposal methods, quantify the amount of waste generated within the selected community, and identify opportunities for proper waste management. To gather this information, both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used to find answers to the research questions. Households (44) were sampled using convenience the sampling method. All the 44 households were interviewed to get more knowledge about waste management in the community but only 34 households took part in the waste quantification and characterization part of the study. Households were provided with dustbins for waste storage, separating waste into degradables other than paper (organics) and non-biodegradables (plastics, paper, leather, textile, glass, metal, miscellaneous and inert (sand/stones/dust)). Over a period of five weeks, each household was visited two times a week and each category of waste was weighed. Preliminary findings indicate that organics were present in the highest quantity (48.07%), followed by inert (22.25%) and then plastics (14.92%). Analysis of the interviews shows that waste management in the community is generally poor, as a majority of the respondents dump their waste on a wetland. Respondents have enough knowledge about the effects of waste and are not happy about the current waste management situation in the community, but this is not reflected in their behavior. There is a window of opportunity to institute Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) because respondents recognize they have roles to play in waste management and are willing to reduce, reuse and recycle waste.
Young Consumers' Insights on Brand Equity: Effects of Brand Association, Brand Loyalty, Brand Awareness, and Brand Image

One of the consequences of shopping is that consumers only pay attention to certain brands that can satisfy their needs and desires. Therefore the organization must pay attention to ways to follow and further develop a positive brand image. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of brand association, brand loyalty, brand awareness and brand image on brand equity in young consumers. The sample in this study were several university students in the Surakarta environment. The sampling method used in this study is non-probability sampling, while the technique used is purposive sampling. Data collection method in this study is surveys using a Likert Scale. The independent variables in this study consisted of brand association, brand loyalty, brand awareness, and brand image. The independent variable in this study is brand equity. The results of data from several respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and multiple linear regression using the Statistical Package of the Social Science Computer Program (SPSS) version 21. The results through multiple linear regression analysis showed that brand associations and brand loyalty had an effect on brand equity of premium travel destinations in Labuan Bajo on social media among young consumers while brand awareness and brand image, have no effect on brand equity in social media among young consumers.
The Mediating Role of Values in the Relationship Between Needs and Professional Well-Being of University Academic Staff

Professional well-being is considered an integrated state that is formed in connection with the extent to which individual needs are realized in professional activity, taking into account individual values and meanings. The purpose of this study is to determine the nature of the relationship between an individual's needs, values, and professional well-being, and, in particular, to empirically test the mediating role of personal values in the relationship between an individual's needs and his professional well-being. A cross-sectional method was applied using Need Satisfaction Questionnaire (NSQ), Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS), and Human Values Scale (NSS). The participants of the survey were 132 teachers at higher schools in Ukraine. Statistical analysis included multiple linear regression, correlation analysis, and variance analysis. Realization of needs and values in professional activity are important components of the professional well-being of an individual, which provide the mechanism of its formation. It was found that the level of satisfaction of actual needs in the professional context is significantly correlated with professional well-being. Values explain part of the variance in the relationship between need satisfaction and occupational well-being. When the level of professional well-being decreases, the value-semantic system of the individual is a mediating link that strengthens the motivation to change and a buffer system that contributes to the preservation of well-being in the case of a slight inconsistency between the real and the desired in the professional sphere.
Assessment of Motor Fitness Metrics among Athletes in Different Sports: An Original Research

Background. Motor fitness is one of the keys to athletes’ success and is the initial factor mixed with game-specific technique and tactics that has an impact on game performance. All athletes should incorporate these elements into their sport and game actions. Study purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in motor fitness metrics among university-level male athletes participating in various sports. Materials and methods. Sixty (60) male athletes, ranging in age from 18 to 25 years, were selected from six different sports: Athletics, Basketball, Cricket, Football, Handball, and Volleyball. Each group consisted of 10 athletes who had competed at the inter-university level. The research focused on six key fitness metrics: agility, speed, power, arm strength, abdominal muscle strength, and cardiovascular endurance. Appropriate testing methods and instruments were used to measure these parameters. Statistical analysis, including one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests, was performed to identify significant differences between the groups. A significance level of 0.05 was set for the study. Results. The results showed statistically significant differences among the groups in agility (F(5,54) = 4.776, p<0.001), speed (F(5,54) = 5.602, p<0.000), and cardiovascular endurance (F(5,54) = 3.578, p<0.007). However, no significant differences were observed for power (F(5,54) = 2.079, p>0.082), arm strength (F(5,54) = 1.368, p>0.251), and abdominal muscle strength (F(5,54) = 1.947, p>0.102). According to the post hoc (LSD) test findings, each group’s agility, speed, and cardiovascular endurance parameters were compared to each other to check the significance level. Conclusions. In summary, the study has revealed that agility, speed, and cardiovascular endurance were significantly different among athletes in various sports, whereas power, arm strength, and abdominal muscle strength were not. The findings suggest that athletes and coaches should prioritize sport-specific fitness components to improve game performance.
Enhancing the Spin Hall Effect of Cylindrically Polarized Beams

Two linked gear wheels in a micromachine can be simultaneously rotated in opposite directions by using a laser beam that has in its section areas the spin angular momentum (SAM) of the opposite sign. However, for instance, a cylindrical vector beam has zero SAM in the focus. We alter a cylindrical vector beam so as to generate areas in its focus where the SAM is of opposite signs. The first alteration is adding to the cylindrical vector beam a linearly polarized beam. Thus, we study superposition of two rotationally symmetric beams: those with cylindrical and linear polarization. We obtain an expression for the SAM and prove two of its properties. The first property is that changing superposition coefficients does not change the shape of the SAM density distribution, whereas the intensity changes. The second property is that maximal SAM density is achieved when both beams in the superposition have the same energy. The second perturbation is adding a spatial carrier frequency. We study the SAM density of a cylindrical vector beam with a spatial carrier frequency. Due to periodic modulation, upon propagation in space, such a beam is split into two beams, having left and right elliptic polarization. Thus, in the beam transverse section, areas with the spin of different signs are separated in space, which is a manifestation of the spin Hall effect. We demonstrate that such light beams can be generated by metasurfaces, with the transmittance depending periodically on one coordinate.
Are Extreme Skew Surges Independent of High Water Levels in a Mixed Semidiurnal Tidal Regime?

Based on previous studies of tide-gauge records from locations with semidiurnal tidal regimes, extreme skew surges are always assumed independent of the high water (HW). However, differences in water depth between HW peaks of semidiurnal tidal regimes can be much lower than those in mixed semidiurnal regimes, where one daily HW is higher than the other. We statistically analyze tide-gauge records of 15 sites worldwide with a mixed semidiurnal regime and ﬁ nd that for approximately half of these sites extreme skew surges occur more often during smaller HWs. This dependence is not caused by seasonality effects, and the places that show dependence are all located in areas with a shallow continental shelf, thus indicating possible tide-skew surge interactions. In those cases where dependence exists, using the skew surge does not seem to offer any advantages over the nontidal residual.
Evaluating indoor air quality and energy impacts of ventilation in a net-zero energy house using a coupled model

The National Institute of Standards and Technology constructed the Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility to support the development and adoption of cost-effective net-zero energy designs and technologies. In support of indoor air quality goals, contaminant source control approaches were implemented that minimized the use of products containing urea-formaldehyde resin and utilized products with relatively low volatile organic compound emissions. Indoor and outdoor concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were approximately measured monthly for 15 months. Independent emission measurements of formaldehyde were made in a small chamber system to determine the emission rates from samples of the wood flooring, plywood, and wood cabinetry taken from the house. Blower door tests were performed to determine the leakage area of the exterior envelope, the interior floors, and transfer grilles between floors. Real-time formaldehyde concentration and energy measurements were used to verify the indoor concentrations and energy predictions of a coupled CONTAM-EnergyPlus model of the house. The verified model was then used to evaluate the impacts of different outdoor air ventilation rates on indoor concentrations and energy. The current work demonstrates the need for consideration of source control options during product selection and the provision of mechanical ventilation, especially in homes with relatively airtight envelopes.
Personal Growth and Motto Goals: Strengthening Emotion Regulation Ability via Affirmatory Metaphors Coaching

Interventions can foster personal growth. However, our understanding of the specific mechanisms for change and the types of interventions driving this growth process remains limited. In this study, we focused on emotion regulation ability as a potential mechanism. We examined the effects of an affirmation coaching intervention on changes in emotion regulation ability, an important facet of personality. In this coaching intervention, participants created a personal mantra/goal derived from a selected image and positive associations linked to this image (motto goals). This is considered to enhance emotion regulation abilities by internalizing self-stabilizing value. We assigned sixty-six participants to either this affirmation coaching intervention or one of two control coaching interventions: specific-goal versus indulgence coaching. Before and after each intervention, participants completed questionnaires. Only the affirmation coaching intervention significantly increased in adaptive aspects of personality. Notably, the affirmation coaching intervention increased emotion regulation ability, and this effect persisted even when controlling for extraversion and neuroticism. Furthermore, exploratory analysis showed that extraversion increased following the affirmation coaching, while neuroticism remained unchanged. Our results suggest that emotion regulation ability might be the key factor in personality growth. It could be more malleable and/or respond more strongly to short-term coaching, compared to neuroticism. Thus, the malleability of personality traits may not be an all-or-nothing phenomenon; rather, it could depend on the facet of emotion regulation ability. We discuss potential mechanisms of personality growth, distinguishing between emotion regulation and emotion sensitivity.