Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-propulsion of general deformable shapes in a perfect fluid

We consider the hydrodynamical problem of a general three-dimensional smooth deformable body moving in a perfect fluid, which undergoes arbitrary continuous temporal variations in its shape. Special attention is payed to the phenomena of selfpropulsion (translation and rotation) of such a shape and reference is made to the dynamics of non-spherical deformable bubbles, cavities and drops. Some distinctive cases, in which the method can be applied to impulsively started highly-vibrating rigid surfaces, are also presented. The Lagally theorem for deformable surfaces, is applied to determine the induced velocity of self-propulsion. The general deformation is assumed to consist of a large scale volume-mode and superposed small scale shapemodes. The time-averaging procedure is introduced and the effect of persistent self-propulsion is shown to be generated as a result of nonlinear interactions between these modes, which must preserve certain skew-symmetric and phase-difference properties. It is proven that, as a result of perfect symmetry, a spherical shape is a degenerate and an inefficient self-propulsor. The results are demonstrated for prolate (oblate) spheroidal shapes and simplified expressions are obtained as limiting cases for spherical, rod-like (slender) and circular disc shapes.
An extension of Šarkovskiư's Theorem to the n-od

Abstract The n-od is defined to be the set of all complex numbers z such that zn is a real number in the interval [0,1], i.e., a central point with n copies of the unit interval attached at their endpoints. Given a space X and a function f:X → X, Per (f) is defined to be the set {k: f has for a point of (least) period k, k a positive integer}. The main result of this paper is to give, for each n, a complete characterization of all possible sets Per (f), where f ranges over all continuous functions on the n-od.
Digraph and matrix method for the selection, identification and comparison of metal-cutting fluids

Abstract This paper presents a methodology to select a cutting fluid for a given machining application using the digraph and matrix method. A cutting fluid index is proposed which evaluates and ranks cutting fluids for a given machining application. The index is obtained from the cutting fluid function, obtained from the cutting fluid attributes digraph. The digraph is developed considering cutting fluid attributes and their relative importance for the considered operation. Coefficients of similarity and dissimilarity and the identification sets are also proposed. These are obtained from the cutting fluid function and are useful for easy storage and retrieval of the cutting fluid data. An example is included to illustrate the approach.
Complications during Pregnancy after Abdominal Burn Scars: A Review

Over the past decades, long-term sequelae of burns have gained increasing attention. Women of childbearing age, who sustained abdominal burns earlier in life, may have unmet information needs on scar-related complications they can expect during pregnancy. We performed a review of the literature to identify abdominal, foetal, and potential other complications during pregnancy in women with abdominal burn scars. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to 1 July 2020 and updated once on 23 April 2021 (PROSPERO CRD42022187883). Main search terms included pregnancy, scar, burns, and abdominal. Studies on burns obtained during pregnancy have been excluded. Screening, data extraction and bias assessment were conducted by two investigators. We included 22 studies comprising 217 patients. The time between burn injury and first pregnancy varied between 7 and 32 years. Most of the women had normal pregnancies regarding delivery mode and duration of pregnancy. The most reported abdominal burn scar complications were an increased feeling of tightness, itch, pain, and scar breakdown. In some cases, scar release surgery was performed during or prior to pregnancy. Some cases of foetal complications were described. Complications during pregnancy after abdominal burn scars may be limited. More quantitative and qualitative research is needed to assess the maternal and foetal outcomes and complications. The results may be used to inform women and contribute to personalised obstetric management.
Food insecurity and malnutrition in older adults from the Family Health Strategy in the Northeast of Brazil

Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) is a state characterized by instability and irregularity of access to food. This condition has negative impacts on dietary intake, affecting nutritional status and health condition. Objective: To evaluate the association between malnutrition and FI among communitydwelling older adults attended to under the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using communitydwelling older adults attended to under the FHS in the municipality of Barreiras, in Bahia, Brazil. Between 2017 e 2018, we collected demographic, social, economic, health condition, lifestyle, anthropometric, and food consumption data. We evaluated nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and we assessed FI with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Besides the chi-squared test, we carried out a binary logistic regression to verify the association between malnutrition and FI, adjusted for possible confounding factors. The significance level was p<0.05. Results: We evaluated 307 older adults with a mean age of 70.4 (±7.5 years). The prevalence of malnutrition/risk of malnutrition was 35.2% and that of FI was 63.5%. Households with older adults in moderate/severe FI presented almost three times more chance (OR 2.97; CI95% 1.37-6.44) of having malnutrition compared with those in food security. Conclusions: The study indicates that there is an association between household FI and malnutrition/risk of malnutrition among older adults from the FHS, especially among those in severe FI. This result attributes to FI the status of determinant of malnutrition in older adults within the context investigated.
Long-Term Non-Cancer Risks in People with BRCA Mutations following Risk-Reducing Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy and the Role of Hormone Replacement Therapy: A Review

Simple Summary People with BRCA mutations are at high risk for ovarian and breast cancer. In order to greatly reduce their risks of these cancers, people with BRCA mutations undergo surgery between the ages of 35–45 to remove both ovaries and fallopian tubes. However, this type of surgery results in early menopause, which leads to negative long-term health effects. Little is known about these health effects in people with BRCA mutations. In addition, uncertainty surrounds the safety and effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy to treat these health effects and improve quality of life. This review summarizes the current research on the long-term health consequences of early surgical menopause in people with BRCA mutations and highlights the existing research in support of hormone replacement therapy use in this population. Abstract Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRBSO) is the gold standard preventative option for BRCA mutation carriers at high risk for ovarian and breast cancer. However, when performed at the recommended ages of 35–45 years, RRBSO induces immediate premature surgical menopause, along with the accompanying adverse psychosocial, cardiovascular, bone, and cognitive health consequences. While these health consequences have been thoroughly studied in the general population, little is known about the long-term health outcomes in the BRCA population. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) until the average age of natural menopause can help mitigate these health risks, yet the initiation of HRT is a complex decision among BRCA carriers due to concern of increasing the already high risk of breast cancer in these people. This review summarizes the current research on long-term non-cancer risks in BRCA carriers following RRBSO-induced premature surgical menopause, and highlights the existing evidence in support of HRT use in this population.
Laser‐induced crystallization phenomena in GeTe‐based alloys. I. Characterization of nucleation and growth

The laser‐induced crystallization behavior of GeTe‐based amorphous alloy thin films has been quantitatively studied by local reflection measurements with a focused 780 nm laser. The use of multiple laser pulse sequences enables the nucleation rate and crystal‐growth speed to be separately deduced, allowing the compositional variation of both these processes to be followed. This not only gives detailed information on the crystallization mechanism, but also allows the fine tuning of phase change alloy compositions for use in erasable optical recording. The differences between the as‐deposited and melt‐quenched amorphous phases are also discussed. In particular, it is shown that the crystallization speed of the as‐deposited layer can differ by over an order of magnitude from that of the melt‐quenched amorphous layer. The as‐deposited state can, however, be transformed into a modified amorphous state equivalent to that obtained by melt quenching a previously crystalline layer. This allows the determination of.
Brand awareness and purchase intention in the age of digital communication: A moderated mediation model of celebrity endorsement and consumer attitude

The proliferation of technology in today’s world has led consumers to gain insight into brands via digital communication and shape their purchase intentions accordingly. However, brand awareness alone might not be sufficient to enhance consumers’ purchase intentions in the age of digital communication. Therefore, to paint a more comprehensive picture of this relationship, the paper seeks to address how and when does brand awareness lead to purchase intention in the age of digital communication? Based on the quantitative design, 208 responses conveniently collected were analyzed, and PLS-SEM was employed to examine the hypothesized relationships. The study clarifies empirically the indirect effect of brand awareness, consumer attitude, and purchase intention in the age of digital communication. The study also provides new insights into the moderated-meditation relationship, results indicate that brand awareness in the presence of celebrity endorsement will develop a positive attitude that will positively affect purchase intention. The findings of the study not only contribute to advancing the mediating effect of consumer attitude but also verify the buffering role of celebrity endorsement. In conclusion, companies that use digital communication technologies and take into consideration celebrities who are well-liked by the target market may be able to attract consumers’ attention, shape attitude, and influence them to make a purchase. In the end, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Staging in Patients Diagnosed With Head and Neck Cancer

Purpose The healthcare system across the world was forced to implement new policies, guidelines, and procedures due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which led many patients to make an impossible choice about their health. For various reasons, many patients chose to remain at home and delay any interaction at medical facilities to protect themselves or others from the virus. Patients managing chronic diseases faced unprecedented challenges during this period, and the long-term effects on these patient populations remain unclear. Oncology patients, specifically those diagnosed with head and neck cancers, require prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment for better outcomes. While the overall impact of how the pandemic has affected oncology patients is unknown, this retrospective study examined how the staging of head and neck tumors at our institution has been impacted since the beginning of the pandemic. Methods Available patient data (from August 1, 2019, through June 28, 2021) were collected from medical records and compared to determine statistical significance. Patients were categorized into a Pre-pandemic group, Pandemic group, and Vaccine-approved group, and patient and treatment characteristics were analyzed to look for patterns. The pre-pandemic period was defined as the period from August 1, 2019, to March 16, 2020, the pandemic period was defined as the period from March 17, 2020, to December 31, 2020, and the vaccine-approved period was defined as the period from January 1, 2021, to June 28, 2021. Results Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging distributions between the three groups. In the Pre-pandemic group, out of 67 patients, 33 patients (55.0%) were diagnosed with a T stage of 0-2 and 27 patients (45.0%) were diagnosed with a T stage of 3-4. In the Pandemic and Vaccine-approved groups, out of 139 patients, 50 patients (39.1%) were diagnosed with a T stage of 0-2 and 78 patients (60.9%) were diagnosed with a T stage of 3-4; these differences were statistically significant (P-value = 0.0426). The Pre-pandemic group had 25 patients (41.7%) diagnosed with a group stage of 0-2 and 35 patients (58.3%) diagnosed with a group stage of 3-4. The Pandemic and Vaccine-approved groups had 36 patients (28.1%) diagnosed with a group stage of 0-2 and 92 patients (71.9%) diagnosed with a group stage of 3-4; these results trended to statistically significant (P-value = 0.0688). Conclusions Our findings suggest that there have been a higher number of patients with head and neck cancer diagnosed with a T stage of 3 or 4 since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are ongoing and will need further evaluation to determine the overall effects on oncology patients. Increased morbidity and mortality rates may be a potential result in the years to come.
Willingness to Pay for a Dating App: Psychological Correlates

The smartphone dating app, Tinder, has become hugely popular in recent years. Although most people use a free version of the app, some pay for an augmented version to improve their experience. However, there is little evidence of the association between the willingness to pay for a dating app such as Tinder and users’ psychological characteristics. This study thus aims to compare Tinder paying versus non-paying users in terms of their pattern of use, excessive use of Tinder, motives for using Tinder, impulsivity traits, depressive mood, and sociodemographic variables, as well as to examine which variables best predict group membership. A total of 1159 Tinder users participated in an online survey. Group comparisons indicated that payers were more frequently male, reported greater motives for using Tinder than non-payers, and differed in their pattern of use compared with non-payers. Impulsivity traits did not significantly differ between the two groups. Being male and reporting greater motives for Tinder use significantly predicted being a payer. These findings provide insights into the processes that stimulate users’ greater consumption of online dating apps, such as reinforcement mechanisms and reward sensitivity.
Adjoint high-order vectorial finite elements for nonsymmetric transversally anisotropic waveguides

In this paper, a vector finite-element method (FEM) for the investigation of microwave and optical waveguides with arbitrary cross section is presented. In particular, the FEM solves the vector wave equation in the frequency domain for waveguides, containing nonsymmetric transversally anisotropic (passive and active) materials. Therefore, a bilinear form has been derived that is solved for the original and adjoint wave equation. Biorthogonality, relations of original and adjoint solutions for simpler materials, the role of nonphysical solutions for both problems, and their proper approximations are discussed in detail. Special focus has been set on shifting the propagation constants of the nonphysical modes for nonzero frequencies to infinity. Therefore, an excellent rate of convergence for iterative solvers is observed. The occurrence of nonphysical solutions is shown. Different nth-order basis functions are systematically derived, which are identical to the well-known tangential continuous finite elements. Both algebraic eigenvalue problems are solved via a generalized Lanczos algorithm, which solves both eigenvalue problems efficiently. The capability of the FEM is illustrated by critical examples.
H∞ State-Feedback Control for Semi-Markov Jump Linear Systems With Time-Varying Delays

Semi-Markov jump linear systems (S-MJLSs) are more general than Markov jump linear systems in modeling practical systems. This paper investigates the H∞ control problem for a class of semi-Markov jump linear systems with time-varying delays. The sojourn-time partition technique is firstly proposed for the delayed stochastic switching system. A sufficient condition for designing the state feedback controller is then established. Moreover, the sufficient condition is expressed as a set of linear matrix inequalities which can be readily solved. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed controller design technique.
On the viscoelastic Poisson's ratio in amorphous polymers

Poisson’s ratio is defined as the ratio of the lateral contraction to the elongation in the infinitesimal uniaxial extension of a homogeneous isotropic body. In a viscoelastic material, Poisson’s ratio is a function of time (or frequency). In this paper, the time-dependence of the Poisson’s ratio is analytically evaluated from the bulk and shear responses using the relations between the viscoelastic functions in the Laplace domain. It has been found that, in the region of α-relaxation, Poisson’s ratio may be a nonmonotonic function of time, with a weak minimum at short times, when the shear response is broader than bulk response such that the ratio τG/τK is much larger than 1, or a monotonically increasing function of time if the shear and bulk responses share similar timescales and relaxation time distributions. The latter case is verified using experimental data from the literature for a cross-linked polymer, whereas the former case is verified for two linear polymers.
Simulated comparisons of blind equalization algorithms for cold start‐up applications

The open literature is replete with claims about convergence benefits associated with second-order-statistics (SOS) blind channel estimation/equalization algorithms. At the same time, the literature is sparse in addressing robustness concerns of these algorithms. This paper is intended to motivate interest in the study of such robustness concerns by providing a simulation-based comparison between some popular SOS algorithms and CMA for various classes of channels of interest to both the practitioner and researcher. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Role of Zinc in Modulating Acid-Sensing Ion Channel Function

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated, voltage-independent sodium channels widely expressed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. They are involved in synaptic plasticity, learning/memory, fear conditioning and pain. Zinc, an important trace metal in the body, contributes to numerous physiological functions, with neurotransmission being of note. Zinc has been implicated in the modulation of ASICs by binding to specific sites on these channels and exerting either stimulatory or inhibitory effects depending on the ASIC subtype. ASICs have been linked to several neurological and psychological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ischemic stroke, epilepsy and cocaine addiction. Different ASIC isoforms contribute to the persistence of each of these neurological and psychological disorders. It is critical to understand how various zinc concentrations can modulate specific ASIC subtypes and how zinc regulation of ASICs can contribute to neurological and psychological diseases. This review elucidates zinc’s structural interactions with ASICs and discusses the potential therapeutic implications zinc may have on neurological and psychological diseases through targeting ASICs.
Role of Phytohormones in Biomass and Polyphenol Accumulation in Salvia bulleyana In Vitro Culture

Salvia bulleyana is a plant native to the Chinese Yunnan Province. This species has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as a substitute for Danshen (the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza). The aim of our study was to establish an effective system for propagating S. bulleyana shoots to obtain large amounts of material rich in bioactive compounds. Phytohormones were used to regulate shoot growth and regeneration potential and influence plant secondary metabolism. The shoot tips were incubated on a Murashige and Skoog agar medium supplemented with 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and the cytokinins benzylaminopurine (BAP), meta-topoline (M-T), 6-benzylaminopurine riboside (RBAP), N-benzyl-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-adenine (BPA) or kinetin, (K) at concentrations of 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/L. It was observed that the type and concentration of growth regulator significantly influenced the regeneration potential of S. bulleyana shoots. The highest multiplication rate was obtained when 0.1 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L BPA were used. Under these conditions, 100% of shoot tips formed buds and almost seven buds/shoot per explant were obtained after five weeks. Meanwhile, the highest biomass was found for shoots growing on a medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IAA and 1 mg/L M-T: 1.2 g of fresh weight and 0.17 g of dry weight. However, a medium with 0.1 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L RBAP was most favorable for bioactive phenolic acid content, with a total polyphenol level (37.7 mg/g dw) 4.5 times higher than in shoots grown on medium without growth regulators (8.23 mg/g dw). Finally, optimal conditions were selected by TOPSIS (technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution); the culture of S. bulleyana grown on an MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L IAA and 1 mg/L M-T was found to be the most efficient for polyphenol accumulation and can be used for the production of medicinally relevant compounds.
A linear integral equation approach to the Robin inverse problem

We consider the numerical solution of an inverse problem for the Laplace equation where the Robin coefficient is to be recovered from a partial boundary measurement. We first formulate the problem by integral equations on the boundary. By introducing a new variable, the key integral equation involved becomes linear, and the ill-posedness of the inverse problem is clearly revealed. On the basis of this linearity, we then design linear least-squares-based methods for reconstruction of the Robin coefficient. A proper form of regularization is chosen, and both direct (non-iterative) and iterative methods are investigated. Numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of these methods in providing excellent estimates for the Robin coefficient from data with and without noise.