Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network Analysis of Comorbid Anxiety and Insomnia Among Clinicians with Depressive Symptoms During the Late Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background A high proportion of clinicians experienced common anxiety, insomnia and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the item-level association of comorbid anxiety and insomnia symptoms among clinicians who suffered from depressive symptoms during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic using network analysis (NA). Methods Clinicians with depressive symptoms (with a Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) total score of 5 and above) were included in this study. Anxiety and insomnia symptoms were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale - 7-item (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively. Network analysis was conducted to investigate the network structure, central symptoms, bridge symptoms, and network stability of these disturbances. Expected influence (EI) was used to measure the centrality of index. Results Altogether, 1729 clinicians were included in this study. The mean age was 37.1 [standard deviation (SD)=8.04 years], while the mean PHQ-9 total score was 8.42 (SD=3.33), mean GAD-7 total score was 6.45 (SD=3.13) and mean ISI total score was 8.23 (SD=5.26). Of these clinicians, the prevalence of comorbid anxiety symptoms (GAD-7≥5) was 76.8% (95% CI 74.82–78.80%), while the prevalence of comorbid insomnia symptoms (ISI≥8) was 43.8% (95% CI: 41.50–46.18%). NA revealed that nodes ISI7 (“Interference with daytime functioning”) (EI=1.18), ISI4 (“Sleep dissatisfaction”) (EI=1.08) and ISI5 (“Noticeability of sleep problem by others”) (EI=1.07) were the most central (influential) symptoms in the network model of comorbid anxiety and insomnia symptoms in clinicians. Bridge symptoms included nodes PHQ3 (“Sleep”) (bridge EI=0.55) and PHQ4 (“Fatigue”) (bridge EI=0.49). Gender did not significantly influence the network structure, but “having the experience of caring for COVID-19 patients” significantly influenced the network structure. Conclusion Central symptoms and key bridge symptoms identified in this NA should be targeted in the treatment and preventive measures for clinicians suffering from comorbid anxiety, insomnia and depressive symptoms during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Regional Differences in Intersectoral Linkages and Diverse Patterns of Structural Transformation

IZA DP No. 15461 JULY 2022 Regional Differences in Intersectoral Linkages and Diverse Patterns of Structural Transformation* Intersectoral linkages can act as shock propagation channels and shape the pattern of structural transformation. To our knowledge, no research has examined how subnational differences in intersectoral linkages impact such spillover effects. We hypothesize that regional differences in local economic shocks diversify intersectoral linkages, and, consequently, produce divergent patterns of structural transformation across regions. Using novel regional input-output tables and existing enterprise censuses for Ghana, we test and find support for four predictions related to this hypothesis: (1) a recent, positive mining output shock that occurred in the south of Ghana leads to growing differences in intersectoral linkages between the north and the south of the country, (2) the effect of the mining output shock on output and productivity growth in other sectors differs across regions in line with changes in the patterns of intersectoral linkages, (3) the elasticity of employment in other sectors with respect to the change in employment in mining closely follows the regional patterns of intersectoral linkages, and (4) variation in the mining output shock across time and space explains the variation in the rate of firm entry and average firm-level employment in sectors (such as heavy manufacturing) that largely depend on mining for intermediate inputs. JEL Classification: D24, F15, F43, N10, O11, O14, O47, D57, E32, L14, Q54
Individual‐based modelling of hydropeaking effects on brown trout and Atlantic salmon in a regulated river

We developed an individual‐based model (IBM) to understand the effects of hydropeaking on growth, survival and distribution of age 0+ to 1+ juveniles for high‐conservation value populations of native brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon (S. salar) in river Gullspång, Sweden. We parameterized and applied inSTREAM (7.2‐SD) and calibrated the model by comparing predicted versus observed growth under the current hydropeaking regime (n=>1,200 model fish for 365 days). Our objective was to model growth, survival and distribution under flow scenarios with and without hydropeaking. We observed that hydropeaking generally resulted in modest (~10%) negative effects on growth and survival of both species. Survival was more affected than was growth, smaller fish more affected than larger fish. On‐peak (high) hydropeaking flows resulted in less profitable feeding conditions (less growth) and higher predation (lower survival). Thus, inSTREAM 7.2‐SD appears to capture ecologically‐relevant behavioral patterns under hydropeaking, for example, habitat selection, in response to rapid flow changes. Understanding such patterns for large rivers via manipulative field studies, even if possible, would be time‐consuming and costly. Our study demonstrates the potential of IBMs as powerful tools for testing research questions and assessing and prioritizing alternative management strategies in regulated rivers.
Stunting Incidence Determinants in Toddlers (24–59 Months) Born to Early Married Mothers

In 2019, the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was 27.67 %. With a 23 % stunting rate, Kediri ranked top in East Java in 2020. This study aimed to determine the stunting determinants in toddlers (24-59 months) born to early married mothers in Mojoroto District, Kediri City. This research is a descriptive-analytic study employing a cross-sectional design. A total of 61 mothers who married at an early age in the Mojoroto District constituted the sample. Purposive sampling approach. The significance value is less than 0.05 (sig < 0.05) for the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable through the intervening variable, namely breast milk exclusion, education, nutritional status of pregnant women, and environmental sanitation, according to the results of multivariate research using the path test (path). The significance value for variables with no significant effect is more than 0.05 (sig > 0.05), including a history of infection, Nutrient Complementary Foods, socioeconomic status, occupation, age of delivery, low birth weight, and health services. Diverse sectors, particularly the health sector, pay close attention to women of reproductive age who marry early, focusing on their nutritional quality throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, efforts to discourage early marriage are enhanced. Keywords: Early Marriage, Stunting, Toddlers aged 24 – 59 month
Predictors for Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Patients with Kawasaki Disease

Background Between 10 and 20% of Kawasaki disease (KD) patients are resistant to treatment with initial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and have a high risk of developing coronary artery lesions. Some studies have been conducted to identify predictive factors. However, the results are controversial. This study aims to identify the risk factors for IVIG-resistant KD patients in a Chinese population. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of consecutive KD patients from two medical centers in South China from January 2015 to December 2017. A total of 1281 KD patients were eligible for inclusion in this study and maintained follow-up for over 12 months. The KD patients were divided into two groups based on IVIG response. Clinical characteristics and laboratory variables were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of IVIG resistance in KD patients. Results Of the 1281 KD patients, 141 (11.0%) cases who were IVIG resistant to adjunctive therapies for primary treatment were classified as group 1. The remaining patients were in group 2 (n = 1140), classified as the control group. There was a signiﬁcant difference in male to female ratio and the length of hospital stay between the two groups (P < 0.05). Group 1 had a higher white blood cell count (P=0.01) and C-reactive protein level (P < 0.01) before IVIG treatment than in group 2. Group 1 had a significantly higher white blood cell count and percentage of neutrophils after the IVIG infusion than in group 2 (P < 0.001). In addition, the mean values of C-reactive protein level and neutrophil percentage before and after treatment difference comparison were significantly different. Multivariate analysis showed that patients presenting with coronary artery lesions in the acute phase and a C-reactive protein level >100 mg/L at diagnosis were associated with IVIG resistance in KD. During the 12-month follow-up period, group 1 had an obviously higher incidence of coronary artery lesions than group 2, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions Patients presenting with coronary artery lesions in the acute phase and elevated C-reactive protein levels before IVIG treatment might be a useful and important value for predicting IVIG resistance in KD. Risk assessment based on coronary artery lesions and C-reactive protein levels prior to the treatment may improve the outcome of IVIG resistance.
An Easy and Reliable Method for the Mitigation of Deuterated Chloroform Decomposition to Stabilise Susceptible NMR Samples

Highly reactive decomposition products of deuterated chloroform can deteriorate samples dissolved in this commonly used solvent for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Samples for metabolomics studies often contain a complex mixture of sensitive substances such as phospholipids, peptides, unsaturated fatty acids or vitamins. If these react with decomposition products (of chloroform), abnormal NMR spectra could result, e.g., signal shifts depending on pH, attenuation of signals over time due to chemical changes of analytes or new signals from reaction products. Such irreproducibly influenced spectra are especially problematic for non-targeted analysis methods using automated chemometrical data evaluation. To prevent these artefacts, chlorine, phosgene and hydrochloric acid need to be eliminated from deuterated chloroform before its use. Since the common stabilisation methods have proven to be insufficient for sensitive NMR samples, another purging method has been tested: Mitigation is easily and reliably achieved by washing the deuterated chloroform with concentrated disodium carbonate solution and subsequent desiccation with oven-dried disodium carbonate.
What do nursing students need in learning English?

This study aimed at investigating the needs of English-specific purposes materials for nursing students at the Dehasen University of Bengkulu. It focused on the existing materials used by English lecturers, target situation (the purpose of learning English, materials needed, and topics needed), and the activities needed by nursing students from students’ and stakeholders’ perception. This research was a mixed-method that involved forty-nine nursing students and nine stakeholders. The data of this research were collected by using a questionnaire, documentation, and interview. The results of the study revealed that the existing materials used by the English teachers tended to general English materials. In addition, the analysis results of target situation show that; 1) most students learn English for looking for jobs; 2) the most needed language proficiency components were vocabulary mastery, speaking and listening skill; 3) the materials needed in each language skill and knowledge were the materials that were related to nursing activities and job; 4) almost all of the topics were needed by nursing students such as giving information on treatment plans or diagnosis. Moreover, the learning activities needed by nursing students were in terms of the workgroup (small group, large group, and pairs) and discussion. In conclusion, the findings describe that student need the real English learning materials in nursing profession and the appropriate learning activities that can make them interact and work together with their classmates.
The Current Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Synthetic/Herbal/Biomaterials in Dental Application

Herbal and chemical products are used for oral care and biofilm treatment and also have been reported to be controversial in the massive trials conducted in this regard. The present review is aimed at evaluating the potential of relevant herbal and chemical products and comparing their outcomes to conventional oral care products and summarizing the current state of evidence of the antibiofilm properties of different products by evaluating studies from the past eleven years. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), essential oils (EOs), and acetylpyridinium chloride were, respectively, the most commonly studied agents in the included studies. As confirmed by all systematic reviews, CHX and EO significantly control the plaque formation and gingival indices. Fluoride is another interesting reagent in oral care products that has shown promising results of oral health improvement, but the evidence quality needs to be refined. The synergy between natural plants and chemical products should be targeted in the future to accede to the formation of new, efficient, and healthy anticaries strategies. Moreover, to discover their biofilm-interfering or biofilm-inhibiting activities, effective clinical trials are needed. In this review article, therapeutic applications of herbal/chemical materials in oral biofilm infections are discussed in recent years (2010-2022).
DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPROVED IAR SORGHUM THRESHER

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
The Effects of Vision-Deprived Progressive Resistance Training on One-Repetition Maximum Bench Press Performance: An Exploratory Study

The objective of this study was to determine whether vision-occluded progressive resistance training would increase upper-extremity movement performance using the one-repetition maximum (1-RM) bench press. Participants (n = 57) were recruited from a historically black college and university (HBCU), cross-matched by sex, age (±1 year), 1-RM (±2.27 kg), 1-RM/weight (±0.1), and 1-RM/lean mass ratio (±0.1), and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (vision occluded) or the control group. Participants performed resistance training for 6 weeks prior to beginning the study, and 1-RM was assessed the week prior to the beginning of the study. Weight and body composition were measured using a BOD POD. Of the 57 participants who started the study, 34 completed the study (Experimental = 16, Control = 18) and were reassessed the week after completing the 6-week-long training protocol. Using a combination of Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, we found that when accounting for changes in lean muscle mass, individuals who trained with their vision occluded reported significantly greater improvements in 1-RM strength compared to those who did not (p < 0.05). The findings from our study suggest that vision-occluded progressive resistance training increases upper-extremity performance when assessed using the bench press. These findings may have significant practical implications in both sports and rehabilitation, as these techniques may be used to enhance performance in athletes and/or improve rehabilitation effectiveness.
Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio and its Association with Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Adiponectin and leptin play a major role in metabolic homeostasis. Adiponectin to Leptin ratio can be used as an indicator of insulin resistance and a marker of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The study was planned to compare serum adiponectin, leptin, and adiponectin to leptin ratio in age and BMI matched women with and without PCOS and to find out the association of adiponectin to leptin ratio with Insulin resistance in these women. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study done in the Gynecology outpatient clinic in a tertiary care center. A total of 120 women, 60 with PCOS and 60 age and BMI matched women without PCOS, who presented in the clinic after the index cases were enrolled and tested for serum adiponectin, leptin, and insulin sensitivity. The main outcome measures were serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, adiponectin to leptin ratio, oral glucose tolerance test, serum insulin and HOMA-IR. Results: PCOS women had lower serum Adiponectin, higher serum Leptin level and lower Adiponectin to Leptin ratio compared to non PCOS women, 2.15 ± 3.07 ng/ml vs 10.7 ± 27.91 ng/ml, P < 0.0001; 24.25 ± 16.5 ng/ml vs 13.89 ± 11.19 ng/ml, P = 0.0003 and 0.15 ± 0.24 vs 3.03 ± 15.04, P < 0.0001, respectively. Plasma glucose 2 hours after 75 gm glucose and serum Insulin was significantly increased in PCOS women (108.78 ± 10.22 mg/dl vs 100.18 ± 4.89 mg/dl, P = 0.001 and 5.7 ± 9.53 μU/ml vs 3.02 ± 5.34 μU/ml, P = 0.02, respectively). The mean values of fasting plasma glucose and HOMA-IR were comparable in both groups, P = 0.145, P = 0.719, respectively. There was no significant association of A/L Ratio with BMI, plasma glucose 2 hours after 75 gm glucose, serum Insulin and HOMA-IR, in these women, r = -0.074, P = 0.5754; r = -0.203, P = 0.12; r = -0.018, P = 0.8915; and r = -0.041, P = 0.757, respectively. Conclusion: Adiponectin to leptin ratio is significantly reduced in women with PCOS but has no association with insulin resistance.
Altered DNA methylome profiles of blood leukocytes in Chinese patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

Objective: DNA methylation plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known about the global changes of blood leukocyte DNA methylome profiles from Chinese patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and with AD, or the specific DNA methylation-based signatures associated with MCI and AD. In this study, we sought to dissect the characteristics of blood DNA methylome profiles in MCI- and AD-affected Chinese patients with the aim of identifying novel DNA methylation biomarkers for AD. Methods: In this study, we profiled the DNA methylome of peripheral blood leukocytes from 20 MCI- and 20 AD-affected Chinese patients and 20 cognitively healthy controls (CHCs) with the Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip array. Results: We identified significant alterations of the methylome profiles in MCI and AD blood leukocytes. A total of 2,582 and 20,829 CpG sites were significantly and differentially methylated in AD and MCI compared with CHCs (adjusted p < 0.05), respectively. Furthermore, 441 differentially methylated positions (DMPs), aligning to 213 unique genes, were overlapped by the three comparative groups of AD versus CHCs, MCI versus CHCs, and AD versus MCI, of which 6 and 5 DMPs were continuously hypermethylated and hypomethylated in MCI and AD relative to CHCs (adjusted p < 0.05), respectively, such as FLNC cg20186636 and AFAP1 cg06758191. The DMPs with an area under the curve >0.900, such as cg18771300, showed high potency for predicting MCI and AD. In addition, gene ontology and pathway enrichment results showed that these overlapping genes were mainly involved in neurotransmitter transport, GABAergic synaptic transmission, signal release from synapse, neurotransmitter secretion, and the regulation of neurotransmitter levels. Furthermore, tissue expression enrichment analysis revealed a subset of potentially cerebral cortex-enriched genes associated with MCI and AD, including SYT7, SYN3, and KCNT1. Conclusion: This study revealed a number of potential biomarkers for MCI and AD, also highlighted the presence of epigenetically dysregulated gene networks that may engage in the underlying pathological events resulting in the onset of cognitive impairment and AD progression. Collectively, this study provides prospective cues for developing therapeutic strategies to improve cognitive impairment and AD course.
Mediating Role of Customer Engagement: Brand Image Enhancement from Social-Media Marketing

To be more competitive, the growth of the creative economy requires customer interaction. This necessitates the use of social media marketing as an efficient marketing platform for products or services based on the existing brand image. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of customer engagement in mediating brand image from relational social media marketing, as well as the role of brand image in mediating consumer engagement from relational social media marketing. The sampling approach is probability sampling, and the method is quantitative. With the sampling approach used, simple random sampling through the distribution of questionnaires, data was collected from 100 respondents. The results of the data analysis were then processed using SPSS 25 software. According to the findings of this investigation, the mediation function is important.
Reliable detection of low-density Pacific rats by using camera trapping

ABSTRACT Context. Long-term monitoring is essential for control and eradication of invasive mammalian predators. Relative abundance indices are increasingly used when assessing population changes. However, indexing assumes constant detectability, when, in fact, it varies depending on numerous factors, including the type and spacing of monitoring devices, seasons, vegetation types, and inter- and intra-specific interactions. Aims. We studied a population of Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) and examined the influence of vegetation types, seasons and inter-specific interactions on their detection. Methods. We deployed tracking-tunnels, live-traps, chew cards, and trail cameras in three vegetation types during summer and winter. Detection rates of Pacific rats, mice (Mus musculus), stoats (Mustela erminea) and weka (Gallirallus australis) were calculated and compared among vegetation types, seasons and devices. Key results. Pacific rats were not detected by any monitoring devices in the farmland, despite their presence in this habitat. In the forest and shrubland, cameras had the highest detection rate among all of the monitoring devices, whereas live-trap and chew cards failed to detect rats. Tracking tunnels detected Pacific rats only in the shrubland. Camera detections of Pacific rats were lower in winter than in summer, and detections were dominated by weka and stoats for both seasons. The seasonal effects may have reflected the population cycle of Pacific rats. Weka and stoats caused substantial physical interference to the tracking tunnels, live-traps and chew cards, which is likely to have deterred Pacific rat interactions through imposing high predation risks. Conclusions. Cameras were the most effective device at detecting Pacific rats in low density and under high predator disturbances. Tracking tunnels and chew cards that are successful at detecting other Rattus spp. might not be reliable for detecting Pacific rats. Implications. We recommend using camera monitoring for rodents where population density is low, or predator disturbance is high, and species are identifiable from pictures. Studies that draw inferences from relative abundance indices on rodents should exercise caution when rodent detectability is unknown.