Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dielectronic Recombination Experiments with Tungsten Ions at the Test Storage Ring and Development of a Single-Particle Detector at the Cryogenic Storage Ring

Dielectronic Recombination Experiments with Tungsten Ions at the Test Storage Ring and Development of a Single-Particle Detector at the Cryogenic Storage Ring — This work is about electron-ion collision experiments at the ion storage rings of the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg. Absolute recombination rate coefficients of highly-charged tungsten ions featuring an open 4-f-shell structure have been measured at the heavy-ion storage ring TSR. The resulting plasma rate coefficients have been used to probe the significance of newly developed theoretical approaches. Plasma rate coefficients of highly-charged tungsten ions are in particular interesting for the development of plasma models for nuclear fusion reactors, since tungsten is a foreseeable impurity in the fusion plasma. In the relevant temperature range, the experimental results exceed the theoretical data used so far by up to a factor of 10, showing the need for more reliable theoretical calculations. Furthermore, based on the design of the detectors which have been used in the experiments at TSR, a movable single-particle detector for electron-ion recombination studies at the cryogenic storage ring CSR has been developed and installed within the scope of this work. The device has been designed specifically to meet the requirements of the CSR regarding low ion energies and cryogenic ambient temperature conditions. In a series of experiments, the detector was carefully characterised and successfully tested for its compatibility with these requirements. The detector was part of the infrastructure used for the room-temperature commissioning of CSR (2014) and is currently operated as a single-particle counter during the first cryogenic operation of CSR in 2015.
SDNMF: Semisupervised discriminative nonnegative matrix factorization for feature learning

As one of the most effective feature learning methods, Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been widely used in many scientific fields, such as computer vision, data mining, and bioinformatics. However, NMF is an unsupervised method that cannot fully utilize the label information of data. Thus, its performance is limited in some recognition and classification problems. To remedy this shortcoming, this paper proposes a Semisupervised Discriminative NMF (SDNMF) method. First, we design a Soft‐Labeled NMF (SLNMF) model by introducing a soft‐label matrix‐based regression term into the original NMF, so that the relationship between the soft‐label matrix and low‐dimensional features can be constructed to improve the discriminative ability of low‐dimensional features. Second, to effectively estimate the soft‐label matrix, a Label Propagation (LP) model is adopted to fully explore the spatial distribution relationship between the labeled and unlabeled samples. Third, an Adaptive Graph Learning (AGL) model is proposed to exploit the geometric relationship of samples well, which could enhance the performance of LP. Finally, the above three models (i.e., SLNMF, LP, and AGL) are integrated into a unified framework for effective feature learning, which can not only effectively explore the structural relationship matrix between data, but also predict the labels for unknown samples. Moreover, an iterative optimization algorithm is presented to solve our objective function. The convergence and computational complexity analysis of the proposed SDNMF method are also provided. Extensive experiments are conducted on several standard data sets. Compared with related methods, the experimental results verify that the proposed SDNMF method achieves better performance.
Including multiple perspectives in participatory multi-criteria analysis: A framework for investigation

Over the past few decades, a number of participatory multi-criteria analysis methods, combining deliberative procedures with multiple decision criteria assessment techniques, have been developed to tackle complex policy problems. However, several important aspects of such methods, including the way in which different and often contrasting viewpoints should be included in the analysis, appear to have been largely neglected by previous studies. Possible problems and drawbacks that may hamper the applicability and feasibility of multi-actor multi-criteria exercises and the utility and reliability of their outcomes also deserve further investigation. This article seeks to fill this knowledge gap by proposing a conceptual framework and classification scheme that illustrates the different possible approaches for identifying the key elements of the multi-criteria problem (i.e. options, objectives/criteria, weights and scores), while dealing with different points of view. It also discusses the potential advantages, disadvantages and issues of each approach and ultimately defines the overarching factors that should orientate the selection of one specific approach over the others.
PESCADF: Stata module to perform Pesaran's CADF panel unit root test in presence of cross section dependence

pescadf runs the t-test for unit roots in heterogenous panels with cross-section dependence, proposed by Pesaran (2003). Parallel to Im, Pesaran and Shin (IPS, 2003) test, it is based on the mean of individual DF (or ADF) t-statistics of each unit in the panel. Null hypothesis assumes that all series are non-stationary. To eliminate the cross dependence, the standard DF (or ADF) regressions are augmented with the cross section averages of lagged levels and first-differences of the individual series (CADF statistics). Considered is also a truncated version of the CADF statistics, which has finite first and second order moments. The exact critical values of the t-bar statistic are given by Pesaran (2003). The critical values and summary statistics of the individual t are also given in the paper, so the Z[t-bar] statistic parallel to IPS (2003) Z[t-bar] (4.10) is distributed standard normal under the null hypothesis of nonstationarity.
Temporal Stability of Responses to the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale by Bedouin Mothers in Southern Israel

The detection and treatment of mental illness during pregnancy and postpartum are essential for the well-being of both mother and child. For this study, we set out to estimate the prevalence of perinatal depression among Bedouin mothers in southern Israel and determine if the latent structure of responses to the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS)—including depression, anxiety, and anhedonia—previously reported also applies to this population. A total of 332 women completed the EPDS during pregnancy (26–38 weeks) and again 2–4 months postpartum. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed to determine if first-order factors were correlated, or instead measure a second- or higher-order latent construct. We next performed temporal invariance analyses to compare the latent structure of EPDS responses over time. When pregnant, 35% of women provided EPDS responses suggestive of elevated depressive symptomology; this decreased to 23% postpartum. At both points, each EPDS factor significantly measures a higher-order, latent construct. The EPDS appears to measure three factors, labeled sadness, anxiety, and anhedonia. This latent structure appears stable (i.e., during pregnancy and postpartum). Further research is needed to validate EPDS responses versus structured clinical interviews. The construct validity of EPDS factors should be examined across other at-risk groups and over time.
Approximate Solution of Operator Equations With Applications

# Linear Spaces # Divided Differences # Fundamental Fixed Point Theory # Solving Equations # Two-Step Newton Methods and Their Applications # The Secant Method # Newton-Like Methods # Two-Point Newton-Like Methods # Variational Inequalities # Special Topics # Operator Equations and Their Discretizations # Convergence on Generalized Spaces # Dynamic Processes
Impact of Prejudice on Caregivers of People with Mental Illness in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

Negative beliefs and preconceived opinions on mental illness, which are not based on reason or actual experience, play a significant role in determining treatment and health-seeking behaviour by caregivers of people with mental illness. This paper assesses the influence of prejudice on caregivers of people with mental illness in Uasin Gishu County. The study was anchored on the health-seeking behavior theory and targeted 480 respondents drawn from Uasin Gishu County. This was achieved through purposive sampling. Data from the caregivers was collected using a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions, while data from health care providers was collected using an interview schedule. Data from the questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while data from the focus group discussions and interviews used themes. The study revealed that prejudice (b=-0.332, þ<0.05), had negative and significant influences on health-seeking behavior of caregivers. The study concluded that prejudice was an element of the cultural construction of mental illness that negatively influenced health-seeking behavior among caregivers of people with mental illness. It is recommended that future studies should seek to use data collection approaches that integrate feelings and emotions of the people who have mental illness in addition to widening the geographical scope of the study.
Integrated report quality and earnings management – Evidence from South Africa

approach to reporting. An integrated report is a single interconnected report that has the primary purpose to ‘explain to providers of financial capital how an organisation creates value over time’ (IIRC 2013). It highlights the connectivity of information and focuses on providing information that is relevant and long-1.Following Background: No prescribed standard disclosure requirements for integrated reporting exist. Instead, the International Integrated Reporting Framework is widely adopted, which provides guidelines for integrated reporting to improve the quality of information reported to end-users. These guidelines, however, allow management a degree of freedom in implementing integrated reporting, making the quality of disclosure thereof dependent on management’s approach to reporting. In contrast to the purpose of integrated reporting stands the management of earnings where management can use judgement to manipulate financial reports to mislead end-users. The conflicting theoretical objectives of integrated reporting and earnings management (EM) pose the question of how these two variables relate to one another. Aim: We examine the association between the quality of integrated reports and EM. Setting: Our sample consists of 238 company-years from 2013 to 2017 that were listed as part of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) top 100 companies and were ranked on Ernst and Young (EY’s) annual Excellence in Integrated Reporting Awards. The likely association between integrated report quality (IRQ) and EM was identified based on theoretical frameworks, including the stakeholder and agency theories. Method: We perform a robust, one-way cluster regression on our main empirical model, measuring IRQ on rankings, determined by the annual EY Excellence in Integrated Reporting Awards and EM through discretionary accruals. Results: We find a statistically significant negative association between EM, measured as income increasing accruals, and IRQ. Conclusion: Results suggest that companies with income increasing EM activities are less likely to disclose higher quality integrated reports.
Turbulentiemetingen in een gekromde goot

The purpose of this investigation is to get more insight in the turbulence structure of water-flow in a curved channel. Therefor laser doppler measurements are performed in a rectangular laboratory flume with one cicular 180°-bend, with a radius of 4.1 m; the width of the flume is 0.5 m , the depth is 5 to 5½ cm, the mean velocity is 0.25 m/s. Besides the three time-averaged velocity components, the following turbulence quantities are measured: the three turbulence intensities, the vertical and the lateral turbulent shear stress, and the turbulence viscosity that is connected with the vertical strain rate of the longitudinal velocity. The measuring-results are discussed in a descriptive way; hereby comparison is made with standard-distributions from literature, while changes in the bend are explained as much as possible; no comparison is made with results of a mathematical computation. The principal results can be summarized as follows: The secondary flow velocities are 20 to 30% underestimated by the distribution of Kalkwijk and De Vriend (1980), which is based on the assumption of a logarithmic velocity distribution and a parabolic viscosity distribution. The turbulence quantities change considerably in the bend. These changes can for the greater part be explained from changes of the production terms in the transport-equations, as a result af changes'in strain rates of the time-averaged velocities. The principal changes of strain rates are: a) an extra vertical strain rate (av/az) of the radial velocity, as a result of the secundary currents; b) a reduction (mainly after the 29°-measuring-section) of the vertical strain rate (au/az) of the longitudinale velocity, as a result of the secondary flow convection, bijwhich the longitudinal velocity is considerably (up to 14%) reduced in the upper half of the depth; c) local extra longitudinal strain rates (au/ax) as a result of secondary flow convection; d) local extra longitudinal strain rates (au/ax) at the beginning of the bend, as a result of the developing radial slope of the waterlevel.
Detection of morphometrical, histological and histochemical characteristics of lung and trachea in adult local squirrel (Sciurus anomalus)

The present study aimed to identify the topography, morphology, histochemistry and histology of lung structures, bronchial divisions and trachea in adult local Squirrel (Sciurus anomalus) as a species inhabited in Iraqi environments. This work was conducted on thirty local Squirrel of both sexes (15) males and (15) females were divided into three equal groups, first for http://wsx5customurl.comanatomical perceptions, second to resin cast technique and the third for histological study. Anatomically, in both sexes, the trachea appeared as a cartilaginous structure consisting of flexible cartilaginous rings, C-like, connected by annular ligaments. It begins at the end of the cricoid cartilage from the level of the second cervical vertebra to the fourth thoracic vertebral plane; eventually, it splits into the right and left main bronchi. Count tracheal rings, the entire weight of the lung, full length, the diameter of the trachea and right and left bronchi. The trachea in females was slightly less than in males but not significantly. The bronchial tree was detected in resin cast, which was constructed of the trachea divided into left and right primary bronchi (Main bronchi), the right one was split into four secondary bronchi to enter the right lobes and two secondary bronchi to the left one. The left lung contains one lobe, whereas four lobes were observed in the right. Histologically, the wall of the trachea consists of four layers. Epithelial cells of ciliated pseudostratified columnar and goblet cells that reacted positively with PAS were covered in the mucosa. Submucosa was devoid of the tracheal glands. The Trachealis muscle is connected from the outer aspect of rings. Similarly to the trachea, the primary bronchi are structured but smaller in diameter; they break up within the lung into primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi, then it terminates in respiratory bronchioles that contain Clara cells and open at the end in the sacs of alveoli. Two types of pneumocystis were observed lining the alveoli. The current study concluded anatomically and histologically that there were no significant differences between males and females of local squirrels. The lobulation of the lung in squirrels is different from other animals. The trachea and lung histologically resembled numerous animals, however, the wall had micro morphometric changes. But, the surface lining cells of the tracheal and bronchi mucosa secrete neutral mucin, with no submucosal glands in the tracheal wall. Keywords: Trachea, Local Squirrel, Bronchial Tree, Histochemical, Lung.
The Thermodynamics of a Single Bead in a Vibrating Container

Statistics of the 1d dynamics of a single particle in a box of length L is studied under different conditions of periodic excitation: vibrated container, or 1 wall moving periodically or two walls vibrating in opposite phases. Theoretical predictions for the mean typical speed are derived using some Random Phase Approximation (RPA) for small b/L ratio, as functions of the amplitude b and frequency f =ν =2 π/ω of vibration and of the collision restitution coefficient r=vout/v in . They are compared to numerical simulations. It is concluded that RPA is valid for b/L>0.005, that long time memory, i.e. non ergodicity, and/or resonance develop at large r (r>0.95) and/or at large b/L, that scales always as f, and scales as b except for large b/L values, i.e. b/L>0.02, and that the relative velocity =[ /(bω)] ≈ 1 when r<0.4-0.5 . Relative standard deviation ΔV/V is found to be approximately constant, i.e. ΔV/V ≈ 0.3 except when resonance; in this case, memory effect and non ergodicity effects are observed and become too important .
Tax Compliance Model Based on Planned Behavior of Taxpayers Mediating Intention to Pay Taxes

The main purpose of this research is to investigate a tax compliance model in which taxpayers' planned behavior mediates their intention to pay taxes, in order to provide strategic policy recommendations to the government and strengthen the implementation of the self-assessment system in Indonesia. The population used in this research comprised those taxpayers who reported their annual tax returns in Jakarta and West Java in the 2021 fiscal year. A sample of 229 respondents was selected using a purposive sampling method. The data were processed using Lisrel 8.80. This research combines quantitative and qualitative methods (mixed-method) and supplements the sample data with information gained from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with relevant departments at the Directorate General of Taxes of the Republic of Indonesia as well as various experts in their fields, thereby strengthening the justification of the research results. The results show that taxpayers’ planned behavior has no direct effect on tax compliance, though it does mediate the intention to pay taxes. Taxpayers’ planned behavior thus affects tax compliance via the intention to pay taxes. Thus it is recommended that the government fosters taxpayers' intention to pay taxes through socialization, education, and continuous law enforcement to create a sense of justice in the community.
Factors Influencing the Choice of Toothpaste and Investigation of Those Most Commercialized by Students in Settat, Morocco

Background: This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the choice of toothpaste by students in Settat, Morocco and investigate the characteristics of those most commercialized in this region. Methods: A close-ended questionnaire was developed and filled out. This was a cross-sectional study of 429 students who agreed to participate. Based on questionnaire data, the 15 most commercialized toothpaste by respondents were purchased, and their packaging was investigated. Results: After analysis using Excel 2019, the results revealed that the major factors influencing the choice of toothpaste are brand 55%, family choice 48%, and media advertisements 40%. Moreover, about 57% of respondents chose toothpaste brands with monofluorophosphate as a therapeutic fluoridated agent, whereas 41% chose those with NaF. In addition, 85% of respondents chose a toothpaste brand that has silica abrasive. Moreover, only 44% chose toothpaste with production and expiration dates. Finally, the total fluoride and total soluble fluoride were lower compared with the quantity of fluoride expected from the packaging. Conclusions: The present study indicated that the respondents selected their toothpaste primarily based on brands, family choices, and media advertisements. Incomplete labeling was encountered in toothpaste used by 58% of the respondents.
Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing via Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization, Angiogenesis, and Collagen Deposition

Some scholars have suggested that the clinical application of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs-exo) might represent a novel strategy to improve diabetic wound healing. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of hucMSCs-exo on wound healing remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the mechanism of hucMSCs-exo in treating diabetic wounds. HucMSCs-exo were isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) and subcutaneously injected into full-thickness wounds in diabetic rats. Wound healing closure rates and histological analysis were performed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), macrophage mannose receptor (MMR/CD206), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The degree of collagen deposition was examined using Masson’s trichrome staining. Gross evaluation of wound healing was carried out from day 0 to 14 post-surgery, and the wound site was harvested for histology on days 3, 7, and 14 post-wounding. HucMSCs-exo transplantation increased diabetic wound healing. In vitro, hucMSCs-exo promoted the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and NIH-3T3 cells. In vivo, hucMSCs-exo reduced wound area and inflammatory infiltration and increased collagen fibers. In addition, wound tissues in the hucMSCs-exo group had higher CD206, CD31, and VEGF expressions and lower TNF-α levels than those in the control group on day 14. Our results demonstrated that hucMSCs-exo facilitated diabetic wound repair by inducing anti-inflammatory macrophages and promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition.
The Size and Power of the Variance Ratio Test in Finite Samples: a Monte Carlo Investigation

We examine the finite sample properties of the variance ratio test of the random walk hypothesis via Monte Carlo simulations under two null and three alternative hypotheses. These results are compared to the performance of the Dickey-Fuller t and the Box-Pierce Q statistics. Under the null hypothesis of a random walk with independent and identically distributed Gaussian increments, the empirical size of all three tests are comparable. Under a heteroscedastic random walk null, the variance ratio test is more reliable than either the Dickey-Fuller or Box-Pierce tests. We compute the power of these three tests against three alternatives of recent empirical interest: a stationary AR(1), the sum of this AR(1) and a random walk, and an integrated AR( 1). By choosing the sampling frequency appropriately, the variance ratio test is shown to be as powerful as the Dickey-Fuller and Box-Pierce tests against the stationary alternative, and is more powerful than either of the two tests against the two unit-root alternatives.
A new species of rupicolous Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Biligirirangan Hills of Southern India

We describe a new species of small-sized (SVL 24.6–28.8 mm) rupicolous Cnemaspis from the Biligirirangan Hills (BR Hills), Karnataka based on morphology and molecular (mitochondrial 16S and ND2) data. The new species is nested within the monticola, mysoriensis and gracilis clades, where it is basal to monticola and gracilis clades in the Maximum Likelihood analysis and is basal to the monticola clade in the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis.