Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a bactericidal hydrogel scaffold containing genipin crosslinked HF‐18 peptide

Wound healing is a process getting affected by internal and external factors and might be interrupted by infections. To overcome infections during wound healing, novel antibacterial agents such as antimicrobial peptides have gained popularity because of the rising antibiotic resistance. Therefore, in this study, a three‐dimensional polymeric scaffold was designed for the controlled release of HF‐18 peptide, with the contribution of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and chitosan polymers with the crosslinker genipin. The obtained scaffold structure (OPT) was found to have interconnected pores, was pH‐responsive and swelled more in acidic conditions (5446.5% at pH: 5.0). It was observed that HF‐18‐loaded OPT (P‐OPT) was able to release HF‐18 peptide both in acidic and neutral conditions in a controlled release manner. This study also demonstrated that both OPT and P‐OPT were biocompatible and promoted L929 cell attachment and migration. Antimicrobial activity assessments demonstrated that P‐OPT was effectively bactericidal on Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin‐resistant S. aureus. Moreover, OPT produced a synergistic effect on the antimicrobial activity of HF‐18 peptide, as P‐OPT showed activity below the reported MIC value. As a result, OPT is considered a promising scaffold as a carrier for HF‐18 for wound healing.
Constraints on f(R) gravity from probing the large-scale structure

We study cosmological constraints on metric f(R) gravity models that are designed to reproduce the LCDM expansion history with modifications to gravity described by a supplementary cosmological freedom, the Compton wavelength parameter B_0. We conduct a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis on the parameter space, utilizing the geometrical constraints from supernovae distances, the baryon acoustic oscillation distances, and the Hubble constant, along with all of the cosmic microwave background data, including the largest scales, its correlation with galaxies, and a probe of the relation between weak gravitational lensing and galaxy flows. The strongest constraints, however, are obtained through the inclusion of data from cluster abundance. Using all of the data, we infer a bound of B_0<0.0011 at the 95% C.L.
Eliciting Preferences of Ridehailing Users and Drivers: Evidence from the United States

Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) are changing the transportation ecosystem, but micro-decisions of drivers and users need to be better understood to assess the system-level impacts of TNCs. In this regard, we contribute to the literature by estimating a) individuals' preferences of being a rider, a driver, or a non-user of TNC services; b) preferences of ridehailing users for ridepooling; c) TNC drivers' choice to switch to vehicles with better fuel economy, and also d) the drivers' decision to buy, rent or lease new vehicles with driving for TNCs being a major consideration. Elicitation of drivers' preferences using a unique sample (N=11,902) of the U.S. population residing in TNC-served areas is the key feature of this study. The statistical analysis indicates that ridehailing services are mainly attracting personal vehicle users as riders, without substantially affecting demand for transit. Moreover, around 10% of ridehailing users reported postponing the purchase of a new car due to the availability of TNC services. The model estimation results indicate that the likelihood of being a TNC user increases with the increase in age for someone younger than 44 years, but the pattern is reversed post 44 years. This change in direction of the marginal effect of age is insightful as the previous studies have reported a negative association. We also find that postgraduate drivers who live in metropolitan regions are more likely to switch to fuel-efficient vehicles. These findings would inform transportation planners and TNCs in developing policies to improve the fuel economy of the fleet.
FROM ENGINE TO AFTERGLOW: COLLAPSARS NATURALLY PRODUCE TOP-HEAVY JETS AND EARLY-TIME PLATEAUS IN GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOWS

We demonstrate that the steep decay and long plateau in the early phases of gamma-ray burst X-ray afterglows are naturally produced in the collapsar model, by a means ultimately related to the dynamics of relativistic jet propagation through a massive star. We present two-dimensional axisymmetric hydrodynamical simulations that start from a collapsar engine and evolve all the way through the late afterglow phase. The resultant outflow includes a jet core that is highly relativistic after breaking out of the star, but becomes baryon loaded after colliding with a massive outer shell, corresponding to mass from the stellar atmosphere of the progenitor star which became trapped in front of the jet core at breakout. The prompt emission produced before or during this collision would then have the signature of a high Lorentz factor jet, but the afterglow is produced by the amalgamated post-collision ejecta that has more inertia than the original highly relativistic jet core and thus has a delayed deceleration. This naturally explains the early light curve behavior discovered by Swift, including a steep decay and a long plateau, without invoking late-time energy injection from the central engine. The numerical simulation is performed continuously from engine to afterglow, covering a dynamic range of over 10 orders of magnitude in radius. Light curves calculated from the numerical output demonstrate that this mechanism reproduces basic features seen in early afterglow data. Initial steep decays are produced by internal shocks, and the plateau corresponds to the coasting phase of the outflow.
Vid2Game: Controllable Characters Extracted from Real-World Videos

We are given a video of a person performing a certain activity, from which we extract a controllable model. The model generates novel image sequences of that person, according to arbitrary user-defined control signals, typically marking the displacement of the moving body. The generated video can have an arbitrary background, and effectively capture both the dynamics and appearance of the person. The method is based on two networks. The first network maps a current pose, and a single-instance control signal to the next pose. The second network maps the current pose, the new pose, and a given background, to an output frame. Both networks include multiple novelties that enable high-quality performance. This is demonstrated on multiple characters extracted from various videos of dancers and athletes.
Noncommutative Gravity and Quantum Field Theory on Noncommutative Curved Spacetimes

The focus of this PhD thesis is on applications, new developments and extensions of the noncommutative gravity theory proposed by Julius Wess and his group. In part one we propose an extension of the usual symmetry reduction procedure to noncommutative gravity. We classify in the case of abelian Drinfel'd twists all consistent deformations of spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies and of the Schwarzschild black hole. The deformed symmetry structure allows us to obtain exact solutions of the noncommutative Einstein equations in many of our models. In part two we develop a new formalism for quantum field theory on noncommutative curved spacetimes by combining methods from the algebraic approach to quantum field theory with noncommutative differential geometry. We also study explicit examples of deformed wave operators and find that there can be noncommutative corrections even on the level of free field theories. The convergent deformation of simple toy models is investigated and it is found that these theories have an improved behaviour at short distances, i.e. in the ultraviolet. In part three we study homomorphisms between and connections on noncommutative vector bundles. We prove that all homomorphisms and connections of the deformed theory can be obtained by applying a quantization isomorphism to undeformed homomorphisms and connections. The extension of homomorphisms and connections to tensor products of bimodules is clarified. As a nontrivial application of the new mathematical formalism we extend our studies of exact noncommutative gravity solutions to more general deformations.
A SURVEY OF DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS IN THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY: OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF M31 OB STARS

We present the largest sample to date of intermediate-resolution blue-to-red optical spectra of B-type supergiants in M31 and undertake the first survey of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in this galaxy. Spectral classifications, radial velocities, and interstellar reddenings are presented for 34 stars in three regions of M31. Based on a subset of these stars with foreground-corrected reddening EM 31B−V⩾ 0.05, the strengths of the M31 DIBs are analyzed with respect to the amount of dust, ultraviolet radiation field strength, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission flux. Radial velocities and equivalent widths are given for the λ5780 and λ6283 DIBs toward 11 stars. Equivalent widths are also presented for the following DIBs detected in three sightlines in M31: λλ4428, 5705, 5780, 5797, 6203, 6269, 6283, 6379, 6613, 6660, and 6993. All of these M31 DIB carriers reside in clouds at radial velocities matching those of interstellar Na i and/or H i. The relationships between DIB equivalent widths and reddening (EM 31B−V) are consistent with those observed in the local interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way (MW). Many of the observed sightlines show DIB strengths (per unit reddening) which lie at the upper end of the range of Galactic values. DIB strengths per unit reddening are found (with 68% confidence) to correlate with the interstellar UV radiation field strength. The strongest DIBs are observed where the interstellar UV flux is lowest. The mean Spitzer 8/24 μm emission ratio in our three fields is slightly lower than that measured in the MW, but we identify no correlation between this ratio and the DIB strengths in M31. Interstellar oxygen abundances derived from the spectra of three M31 H ii regions in one of the fields indicate that the average metallicity of the ISM in that region is 12 + log [O/H] = 8.54 ± 0.18, which is approximately equal to the value in the solar neighborhood.
Assignment of excited-state bond lengths using branching-ratio measurements: The 
B 2Σ+
 state of BaH molecules

Vibrational branching ratios in the $B{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$--$X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ and $A{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}$--$X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ optical-cycling transitions of BaH molecules are investigated using measurements and ab initio calculations. The experimental values are determined using fluorescence and absorption detection. The observed branching ratios have a very sensitive dependence on the difference in the equilibrium bond length between the excited and ground state, $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{r}_{e}$: a 1-pm (0.5%) displacement can have a 25% effect on the branching ratios but only a 1% effect on the lifetime. The measurements are combined with theoretical calculations to reveal a preference for a particular set of published spectroscopic values for the $B{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ state ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{r}_{e}^{B--X}=+5.733\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{pm}$), while a larger bond-length difference ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{r}_{e}^{B--X}=6.3--6.7$ pm) would match the branching-ratio data even better. By contrast, the observed branching ratio for the $A{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{3/2}$--$X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ transition is in excellent agreement with both the ab initio result and the spectroscopically measured bond lengths. This shows that care must be taken when estimating branching ratios for molecular laser cooling candidates, as small errors in bond-length measurements can have outsize effects on the suitability for laser cooling. Additionally, our calculations agree more closely with experimental values of the $B{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ state lifetime and spin-rotation constant, and revise the predicted lifetime of the $H{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ state to 9.5 $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$.
On the composition ideals of Lipschitz mappings

We study in this paper some property of Lipschitz mappings which admit factorization through an operator ideal. We try to construct Lipschitz cross-norms from known tensor norms in order to represent certain classes of Lipschitz mappings. Inspired by the definition of p-summing linear operators we introduce a new concpet in the the category of Lipschitz mappings that is called strictly Lipschitz p-summing.
Transition to Shocks in TASEP and Decoupling of Last Passage Times

We consider the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process in a critical scaling parametrized by $a\geq0$, which creates a shock in the particle density of order $aT^{-1/3},$ $T$ the observation time. When starting from step initial data, we provide bounds on the limiting law which in particular imply that in the double limit $\lim_{a \to \infty}\lim_{T \to \infty}$ one recovers the product limit law and the degeneration of the correlation length observed at shocks of order $1$. This result is shown to apply to a general last-passage percolation model. We also obtain bounds on the two-point functions of several $\mathrm{Airy}$ processes.
A time‐dependent survival analysis for early prognosis of chronic wounds by monitoring wound alkalinity

The objective is to determine whether monitoring wound alkalinity between visits may help prognosticate chronic wound healing. The alkalinity of 167 wounds during the first 3 visits was assessed using disposable DETEC® pH. Wounds grouped by frequency of alkaline results were compared by % wound size reduction during each visit and 120‐day healing probability. The Cox proportional hazards model for time‐dependent variables was used to generate non‐healing probability curves, where variables are binary (alkaline/non‐alkaline, infection/no infection), categorical (wound type), and continuous (wound area); the response is time to complete wound healing; and the event of interest is complete wound healing in 120 days. Results show that wounds with frequent alkaline results have significantly smaller % size reduction per visit. Logistic regression shows an increase in 120‐day healing probability with fewer alkaline results. Survival analysis shows that the instantaneous healing rate of non‐alkaline or non‐alkaline transitioning wounds is 1.785, 2.925, and 5.908 times that of alkaline or alkaline‐transitioning wounds for 1, 2, and 3 alkalinity measurements, respectively. Furthermore, the concordance statistic of each survival model shows that goodness of fit increases with more alkalinity measurements. Overall, frequent wound alkalinity assessments may serve as a novel way to prognosticate wound healing outcomes.
Machine Learning in IoT Security: Current Solutions and Future Challenges

The future Internet of Things (IoT) will have a deep economical, commercial and social impact on our lives. The participating nodes in IoT networks are usually resource-constrained, which makes them luring targets for cyber attacks. In this regard, extensive efforts have been made to address the security and privacy issues in IoT networks primarily through traditional cryptographic approaches. However, the unique characteristics of IoT nodes render the existing solutions insufficient to encompass the entire security spectrum of the IoT networks. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques, which are able to provide embedded intelligence in the IoT devices and networks, can be leveraged to cope with different security problems. In this paper, we systematically review the security requirements, attack vectors, and the current security solutions for the IoT networks. We then shed light on the gaps in these security solutions that call for ML and DL approaches. Finally, we discuss in detail the existing ML and DL solutions for addressing different security problems in IoT networks. We also discuss several future research directions for ML- and DL-based IoT security.
Attentional bias towards social interactions during viewing of naturalistic scenes

Human visual attention is readily captured by the social information in scenes. Multiple studies have shown that social areas of interest (AOIs) such as faces and bodies attract more attention than non-social AOIs (e.g., objects or background). However, whether this attentional bias is moderated by the presence (or absence) of a social interaction remains unclear. Here, the gaze of 70 young adults was tracked during the free viewing of 60 naturalistic scenes. All photographs depicted two people, who were either interacting or not. Analyses of dwell time revealed that more attention was spent on human than background AOIs in the interactive pictures. In non-interactive pictures, however, dwell time did not differ between AOI type. In the time-to-first-fixation analysis, humans always captured attention before other elements of the scene, although this difference was slightly larger in interactive than non-interactive scenes. These findings confirm the existence of a bias towards social information in attentional capture and suggest our attention values social interactions beyond the presence of two people.
Treatment side affects exercising microvascular oxygenation response in active breast cancer survivors: A pilot study

Cancer treatment is associated with cardiovascular toxicity, skeletal muscle dysfunction and interruptions in mitochondrial respiration. Microvascular oxygenation responses, measured via near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), at peak exercise intensity has previously been associated with aerobic capacity. Specifically, the greater magnitude of microvascular deoxygenation observed at peak exercise intensity has been associated with higher aerobic capacity. Therefore, a pilot study investigated if diagnosis side (uninvolved side, treatment side) and/or exercise side (paddle side, non‐paddle side) affected microvascular oxygenation responses at peak intensity during paddle exercise. Thirty‐three breast cancer survivors (age = 57 ± 9 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.05 m, weight = 76.5 ± 15.6 kg, 7 ± 7 years since treatment) who also competed as dragon boat racers performed a unilateral (paddle), discontinuous graded exercise test (2‐min exercise, 1‐min rest) on a rowing ergometer to volitional fatigue. Tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2DIFF) and total haemoglobin concentration (total[heme]DIFF) responses at peak exercise intensity were measured bilaterally from the posterior deltoids using NIRS. Two‐way analysis of variance determined if diagnosis side and/or exercise side effected StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF. Diagnosis side elicited a moderate effect (effect size = 0.66) on StO2DIFF, as the treatment side deoxygenated less (−6.0 ± 14.7 ∆BSL) compared to the uninvolved side (−16.9 ± 16.9 ∆BSL) at peak exercise intensity. No other significant main effects or interactions were observed for StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF. The pilot findings suggest that the ability of the exercising muscle to use oxygen for the purpose of mitochondrial oxidative respiration may be impaired on the treatment side.
A RIVA-DM Subanalysis Investigating Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Type 2 Diabetes Aged Under Versus Over 80 Years

Background Advanced age and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are common in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We evaluated the impact of age on the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in this population. Methods We analyzed electronic health record data from November 2010, to December 2019 including adults with NVAF and T2D, newly started on rivaroxaban or warfarin. Propensity score-overlap weighted hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke/systemic embolism (SSE), hospitalization for major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB), vascular death, major adverse limb events (MALE), major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were calculated for older (≥80 years) and younger (<80 years) cohorts. Results We included 32 078 rivaroxaban and 83 971 warfarin users (6606 rivaroxaban and 25,335 warfarin patients were aged ≥80 years). No significant interaction for rivaroxaban versus warfarin by age was observed for any outcome, including SSE (HR = 1.05 vs 0.95), hospitalization for major or CRNMB (HR = 1.06 vs 0.90), vascular death (HR = 0.92 vs 0.90), MALE (HR = 0.80 vs 0.76), major bleeding or ICH. Conclusions The effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin remained consistent across patient age subgroups.
Analysis of clinical and imaging features of Behcet's disease-related pulmonary lesions: a series of eight cases

To the Editor : Behcet ’ s disease is a chronic vascular in ﬂ ammatory disease that involves multiple systems of the body. Although the incidence of pulmonary damages is low in Behcet ’ s disease, most of them are serious. The initial pulmonary damages of Behçet ’ s disease are mainly manifested with mild cough, chest pain, and slight hemoptysis, which are easily misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, or other diseases. Although some studies have reported the cases of pulmonary damage in Behcet ’ s disease, few studies have summarized the results of its speci ﬁ c pulmonary imaging. In this study, we described the diagnosis and treatment of eight cases of Behcet ’ s disease-relatedpulmonarydamage.Especially,wereviewed theirclinicalsymptoms,especiallypulmonaryimaging data,toimprovetheunderstandingofthisdisease. Among the eight patients, the average age was 35 years, and the average course of illness was 10 months. Hemoptysis, cough, and sputum were the most common symptoms, occurring in six, six and ﬁ ve patients in this study, respectively. Recurrent oral ulcers were found in six cases, vulvar ulcers were detected in one case, and iridocyclitis was found in one case. Echocardiography (Philips, GE, Wisconsin, USA) was performed on all patients, and the results suggested that there were four cases of pulmonary hypertension, of which three cases were shown with right ventricular enlargement. During the previous diagnosis and treatments, all patients had experienced misdiagnosis as pneumonia, pulmonary embolism or tuberculosis