Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical multimorbidity and social participation in adults aged ≥65 years from six low- and middle-income countries.

OBJECTIVES Multimorbidity is common among older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Social participation has a role in protecting against negative health consequences, yet its association with multimorbidity is unclear, particularly in LMICs. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between physical multimorbidity and social participation among older adults across six LMICs. METHODS Cross-sectional, community-based data including adults aged ≥65 years from six LMICs were analyzed from the WHO Study on Global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) survey. The association between 11 individual chronic conditions or the number of chronic conditions (independent variable) and social participation (range 0-10 with higher scores indicating greater social participation) (dependent variable) was assessed by multivariable linear regression analysis. RESULTS 14,585 individuals [mean age 72.6 (SD 11.5) years; 54.9% females] were included. Among individual conditions, hearing problems, visual impairment, and stroke were significantly associated with lower levels of social participation. Overall, an increasing number of chronic conditions was dose-dependently associated with lower levels of social participation [e.g., ≥4 vs. 0 conditions ß=-0.26 (95%CI=-0.39, -0.13)]. The association was more pronounced among males than females. DISCUSSION Older people with multimorbidity had lower levels of social participation in LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to further investigate temporal associations, and whether addressing social participation can lead to better health outcomes among older people with multimorbidity in LMICs.
Effectiveness and persistence of golimumab as a second biological drug in patients with spondyloarthritis

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract This observational, longitudinal retrospective, noncomparative study was designed to assess the persistence and effectiveness of golimumab as a second anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drug in patients with spondyloarthritis requiring discontinuation from a first anti-TNF drug. Data were collected retrospectively for all patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis from 20 rheumatology clinics in Spain who started golimumab as a second anti-TNF drug between January 2013 and December 2015. Golimumab persistence was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and associated factors were assessed with Cox regression analysis. 210 patients started golimumab as a second anti-TNF drug: 131 with axial spondyloarthritis and 79 with psoriatic arthritis. In axial spondyloarthritis patients, the mean (standard deviation) Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score at baseline was 5.5 (2.1), decreasing to 3.9 (2.0) at month 3 and 3.5 (2.0) at year 1, and remaining stable thereafter. In psoriatic arthritis patients, mean (standard deviation) baseline Disease Activity Score was 4.0 (1.3), reducing to 2.5 (1.2) at month 3 and to 2.2 (1.3) at year 1. Corresponding improvements were recorded from baseline in C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates. The probability of persistence of treatment with golimumab was 80% at year 1, 70% at year 2 and 65% at years 3 and year 4, and was similar in those who had stopped the first anti-TNF due to loss of efficacy or other reasons. Cox regression analysis showed that the probability of survival with golimumab was higher in patients with higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate, in patients with axial spondyloarthritis than with psoriatic arthritis, and in those who had discontinued adalimumab as first anti-TNF. Seventy-two patients (34.3%) discontinued golimumab during follow-up, 50 of them due to lack of efficacy. In patients with spondyloarthritis requiring discontinuation from a first anti-TNF drug, treatment with golimumab was effective and showed a high probability of persistence up to 4 years of treatment.
Evaluation of rapid antigen tests based on saliva for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2

Rapid identification and isolation of with SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals is crucial. Recent studies have shown that RT-PCR from self-collected saliva is a suitable alternative to nasopharyngeal swab. A disadvantage of RT-PCR resulting in a long time until result which may be problematic. To address this problem, in this study a rapid antigen testCE-certified for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using saliva (COVID-19 Antigen Test Cassette (hypersensitive colloidal gold) was evaluated. An overall sensitivity of saliva rapid antigen test of 44.4% and a specificity of 100% compared with RT-PCR-results from gargle solution as gold standard was shown. The data suggests that rapid antigen tests based on saliva for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are not a no reliable substitute for RT-PCR. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Application of augmented reality (AR) technology to locate the cutaneous perforator of anterolateral thigh perforator flap: A case report

Multi‐detector row computed tomography (MDCT) makes it possible to visualize the peripheral perforators of the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap. However, to transfer the preoperative MDCT angiography data to the operative field requires effective techniques. In this report, we describe an application of augmented reality (AR) technology to harvest the anterolateral thigh flap. A 36‐year‐old female presented with a T2N2 squamous cell carcinoma of the lateral tongue. The patient underwent hemiglossectomy and microsurgical reconstruction using the left ALT flap. Three dimensional (3D) images the vascular image, vascular with muscles and vascular with outline of the thigh ware prepared. Then these images were exposed to an AR device. The location of the perforator was determined using the 3D vascular image on AR. The intraoperative location of the cutaneous perforator corresponded with the predicted location which was confirmed using the AR technique. A 6 × 15 cm left ALT flap was transferred to the defect. Microsurgical anastomosis was performed on the left superior thyroid artery and the internal jugular vein. There were no complications during the postoperative course. At the 6‐month follow‐up, the patient showed no evidence of flap and donor site complications. Our experience suggests that AR technology may effectively support the transfer of MDCT angiography images onto surgical sites.
Multivariate correlations between pain, life interference, health-related quality of life and full-time sick leave 1 year after multimodal rehabilitation, focus on gender and age

Abstract Background Chronic pain is a major and complex health condition associated with reduced work performance. A multimodal rehabilitation programme (MMRP) is a common intervention for chronic pain conditions, the goal being for the person to maintain or return to work. Aim To investigate the multivariate relationships between health-related quality of life, life interference, pain, physiological factors before MMRP and full-time sick leave 1 year after MMRP. Material and Methods Data were collected from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation. The study included 284 participants. Separate analyses were performed for women, men and three age groups. Results There were correlations between sick leave, physical functioning, pain duration, health-related quality of life, and self-assessed importance of work before MMRP and sick leave 1 year after MMRP. The patterns of factors associated with full-time sick leave varied for women, men and age groups. Conclusions These findings indicate that full-time sick leave for patients with chronic pain is affected by a number of interacting factors. Occupational therapy interventions aiming to develop activity skills in relation to work roles and enable patients to develop skills required to manage the physical, psychological and social demands to return to work or maintain work could be valuable to increase the possibility of attaining a sustainable work situation.
Salt intake and its sources in children, adolescents and adults in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background There is little evidence about salt intake and its food sources in the Iranian population, especially in children and adolescents. Aims To investigate salt intake and dietary sources in Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2014-2015. We randomly selected 1384 adults (50.3% female, 49.7% male) aged > 18 years [mean 37.9 (10.6) years], and 786 children and adolescents (50.9% male, 49.1% female) aged 6-18 years [mean 12.5 (3.4) years]. All participants underwent a dietary assessment for salt intake, using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Results The total salt intake was 10.9 (3.4) g/day in adults and 10.3 (2.9) g/day in children and adolescents. Added salt was the primary source of salt intake, followed by bread and cheese in both groups. Salt intake was related significantly to being younger, male, a smoker, less educated and physically active in the adult group. In children and adolescents, it was significantly associated with increasing age, male sex, low physical activity and parents' education level (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Salt intake in Isfahan was more than twice that recommended by the World Health Organization. The main source of sodium was added salt, followed bread and cheese. Future national studies are warranted to assess the dietary salt intake and its main sources in different provinces in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Disease Damage Accrual and Low Bone Mineral Density in Female Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the potential contribution of disease-associated factors to bone status in SLE is not well known because the reported risk factors from different studies differ greatly. We aimed to examine frequency of reduced bone mass in women with SLE, and determine their potential associations with disease activity, damage accrual and SLE-related clinical markers. A cross-sectional study including 121 Caucasian pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women was conducted (mean age 49.2 ± 12.4 years). The SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2 K) and the SDI Damage Index were used to assess disease activity and disease-related damage, respectively. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the left femoral neck and lumbar spine (L2–L4) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Ten patients (8.3%) had osteoporosis, 63 (52.1%) patients had osteopenia and 6.8% of women had history of previous fracture. Patients with low bone mass had a significantly higher mean SDI (1.3 ± 1.2 versus 0.7 ± 1.0 p = 0.003). T-score at lumbar spine was inversely correlated with SDI score (r = -0.222, p = 0.014) and complement C3 level (r = −0.206, p = .024). SDI scores were significantly different between patients with osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal BMD after adjusting for covariates (p = .004). There is a high prevalence of low BMD in Caucasian women with SLE, and this status was associated with higher damage accrual scores, supporting that disease damage may itself be a major contributor to the low BMD. Women with SLE with organ damage require regular bone status monitoring to prevent further musculoskeletal damage.
Efeito de doses de NPK sobre os teores de nutrientes nas folhas e no solo, e na produtividade do maracujazeiro amarelo

This work evaluated the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on nutrient levels in the leaves of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and on the chemical properties of the soil, in order to maximize yield and optimize fertilizer applications. The experiment was carried out from May/96 to April/98, on a Yellow Latosol, in Cruz das Almas city, State of Bahia, Brazil. It was used a randomized block design, in a fractionated factorial arrangement ½ of 43, with two incompleted blocks. It was evaluated four doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 year-1), of P2O5 (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 year-1) and K2O (100, 300, 500 and 700 kg ha-1 year-1). Soil samples and leaves were collected at 12 and 24 months after planting. Yield was evaluated in the first and second production years. Nitrogen fertilization did not affect the N level in the leaves but decreased boron and reduced the soil pH during the second production year. Phosphorus fertilization increased, in average, only 12% of the P levels in the leaves, and 35 times in soil. Potassium fertilization increased nutrient contents in leaves and in soil over the optimum level. Maximum yield of 22 t ha-1, during two years, was obtained with application of 244 kg of N, 72 kg of P2O5 and 285 kg of K2O ha-1.
FGFR inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced biliary tract cancer: an unsolved issue

ABSTRACT Background: Despite recent advances in the understanding of the molecular landscape of biliary tract cancer (BTC), advanced disease continues to carry a poor prognosis, and the benefit from systemic treatments remains modest. However, BTCs have emerged as malignancies harboring specific potentially druggable aberrations, and thus, several molecularly targeted treatments have been recently tested. Among these, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors have shown interesting results in previously treated BTC patients with advanced disease Areas covered: In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of available evidence on FGFR inhibitors in elderly patients with metastatic BTC, especially focusing on subgroup analyses of recently published trials exploring this novel therapeutic approach in these aggressive malignancies. Expert opinion: The FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 inhibitor pemigatinib has been recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in metastatic BTCs harboring FGFR2 fusion or other rearrangement. However, few data are available regarding the use of FGFR inhibitors in elderly BTCs, a patient population that remains seriously under-represented in clinical trials.
Relaxation of electronic excitations in strontium titanate

The transient absorption spectra and kinetics were studied for undoped, lead doped and high purity SrTiO 3 single crystals. The pulsed electron beam induced transient absorption is studied in all crystals. The strong absorption at 0.8 v eV was observed only in high purity SrTiO 3 . This absorption is suggested to arise from intrinsic electron polaron. The bound electron polarons are likely responsible for absorption band at 1.4 v eV. The main luminescence band under excitation pulse is observed at 2.75 v eV. The luminescence decay is faster than that of transient absorption.
RPT: Relational Pre-trained Transformer Is Almost All You Need towards Democratizing Data Preparation

Can AI help automate human-easy but computer-hard data preparation tasks that burden data scientists, practitioners, and crowd workers? We answer this question by presenting RPT, a denoising autoencoder for tuple-to-X models (" X " could be tuple, token, label, JSON, and so on). RPT is pre-trained for a tuple-to-tuple model by corrupting the input tuple and then learning a model to reconstruct the original tuple. It adopts a Transformer-based neural translation architecture that consists of a bidirectional encoder (similar to BERT) and a left-to-right autoregressive decoder (similar to GPT), leading to a generalization of both BERT and GPT. The pre-trained RPT can already support several common data preparation tasks such as data cleaning, auto-completion and schema matching. Better still, RPT can be fine-tuned on a wide range of data preparation tasks, such as value normalization, data transformation, data annotation, etc. To complement RPT, we also discuss several appealing techniques such as collaborative training and few-shot learning for entity resolution, and few-shot learning and NLP question-answering for information extraction. In addition, we identify a series of research opportunities to advance the field of data preparation.
On the Synergies Between Machine Learning and Binocular Stereo for Depth Estimation From Images: A Survey

Stereo matching is one of the longest-standing problems in computer vision with close to 40 years of studies and research. Throughout the years the paradigm has shifted from local, pixel-level decision to various forms of discrete and continuous optimization to data-driven, learning-based methods. Recently, the rise of machine learning and the rapid proliferation of deep learning enhanced stereo matching with new exciting trends and applications unthinkable until a few years ago. Interestingly, the relationship between these two worlds is two-way. While machine, and especially deep, learning advanced the state-of-the-art in stereo matching, stereo itself enabled new ground-breaking methodologies such as self-supervised monocular depth estimation based on deep networks. In this paper, we review recent research in the field of learning-based depth estimation from single and binocular images highlighting the synergies, the successes achieved so far and the open challenges the community is going to face in the immediate future.
Intravenous Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma in the Era of Intravitreal Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

Purpose: The published data on ocular survival following intravenous chemotherapy of retinoblastoma (RB) seems to be skewed by evolving practice patterns induced by use of intravitreal chemotherapy (iVitc). We aimed to explore potential role of iVitc for vitreous seeding for patients treated with intravenous chemotherapy (IVC). Methods: A literature search was performed to identify cases of RB treated with primary IVC prior to advent of iVitc by various search engines (PubMed, Medline, and Google) from 1992 to 2018. Studies were excluded if number of cases were less than 40 or lacked data related to type of recurrence and its treatment. Rates and patterns of recurrence and its management were categorized. Results: Out of 15 studies identified, only 10 studies (797 eyes) met the inclusion criteria. The mean age at presentation was 15.3 months (range 0–192.8 months). Unilateral cases represented 25% of the cohort. The ocular survival rate with primary IVC was 63% (500/797 eyes). Of the 297 eyes (37%) that failed IVC therapy, additional 99 eyes could be salvaged with EBRT (599/797 eyes, 75%). Remaining 198 eyes were enucleated (198/797 eyes 25%). K-M survival analysis could not be done due lack of sufficient data. Recurrences that occurred (mean 12.2 months) after completion of primary IVC included relapse of retinal tumor (143 eyes [48%]), vitreous seeding (73 eyes [25%]), subretinal seeding (49 eyes [16%]), or any combination (103 eyes [35%]). Out of 73 eyes with vitreous seeding, additional 66 eyes (90%) would have been salvaged with iVitc, potentially improving ocular survival rates to 71% (500 + 66/797). Conclusions: Evolving practice patterns of RB treatment have unfavorably skewed published ocular survival rates following IVC. With incorporation of iVitc, the ocular survival rates with IVC can be potentially improved to be non-inferior to those achieved with intra-arterial chemotherapy.
The Molecular Dynamics Study on the PATHOGENICITy of Cystatin C Mutant

Cystatin C can inhibit cysteine proteases and performs important physiological functions in cells. This protein is involved in the formation of amyloid fibers, and usually found in patients with Alzheimer's diseases or Down syndromes. Experimental evidence indicates that the mutation of human cystatin C 66th position, named L66Q is more likely to form dimers, which self-assemble subsequently to form amyloid deposits. However, the details about how the L66Q forms amyloid deposits are not clear. Here we used MD simulations and revealed that the single-site mutation in the 68th position of chicken cystatin C will cause changes in structural characteristics. The I68Q mutant has a higher fibro genic tendency than the wt, and the I68Q mutant has a tendency to “open” compared to the wt. The Loop1 region of I68Q has greater flexibility, and are easier to form dimers through domain exchange than wt, followed by further forming amyloid fiber deposits. Our study results are consistent with previous experimental conclusions, and provide a new idea for the future research of similar proteins. Besides, our conclusions also afford a solid theoretical basis for conquering amyloid diseases caused by cystatin C from a structural perspective.
Interdisciplinary approaches to researching L2 lexical acquisition, processing, and use: An introduction to the special issue

Lexical knowledge is complex, multidimensional, and difficult to pin down to a set of defined components. The development, organization, and use of lexical knowledge in the first and additional languages are studied in a number of neighbouring disciplines beyond second language acquisition and applied linguistics, including psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, computational linguistics, and language education. In this introduction, we highlight how the five articles in this special issue hone our understanding of different aspects of second language (L2) lexical knowledge, its acquisition, and use by adopting innovative research design, methods, and approaches to data collection and analysis from these distinct but related disciplines, affording new theoretical and empirical insights.
Emblems and spaces of power during the Argaric Bronze Age at La Almoloya, Murcia

Abstract The recent discovery of an exceptionally rich grave at La Almoloya in south-eastern Spain illuminates the political context of Early Bronze Age El Argar society. The quantity, variety and opulence of the grave goods emphasise the technological, economic and social dimensions of this unique culture. The assemblage includes politically and ideologically emblematic objects, among which a silver diadem stands out. Of equally exceptional character is the building under which the grave was found—possibly one of the first Bronze Age palaces identified in Western Europe. The architecture and artefacts from La Almoloya provide new insight into emblematic individuals and the exercise of power in societies of marked economic asymmetry.
Instability and transition in the boundary layer driven by a rotating slender cone

Abstract Instability and transition in the boundary layer on a slender cone ($60^{\circ }$ apex angle) rotating in still fluid are investigated using hot-wire anemometry as well as through linear stability analysis. In contrast to broad cones (including the disk), where a cross-flow instability dominates the transition and different studies report similar transition Reynolds numbers, the reported transition Reynolds numbers on slender cones are scattered. The present experiments provide quantitative experimental datasets and the stability and transition are evaluated based on both the Reynolds number and a Görtler number. The results consistently show that the instability development depends on the Görtler number rather than the Reynolds number and that transition starts at a well-defined Görtler number, whereas the transition Reynolds number depends on the rotational rate. The measured disturbance that first grows in the laminar region has a frequency approximately the same as or twice the rotational rate of the cone, which according to the stability analysis corresponds to the critical frequency of a slightly inclined vortex structure with respect to the cone axis or an axisymmetric vortex structure. These structures are similar to those observed in the flow visualisations of Kobayashi & Izumi (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 127, 1983, pp. 353–364) and considered as being due to a centrifugal instability.