Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of 100+ GHz High-frequency MicroCoax Wire Bonds

Wire bonding is today’s leading IC interconnect technology, comprising over 90% of all interconnects. As device operating frequency increases, however, customers look to other interconnection methods, including flip-chip, to provide better signal transmission properties for higher volume applications. Ribbon bond, mesh-bond, and, ultimately, machined waveguide are utilized for lower volume applications. Other next-generation approaches, such as wireless or optical interconnect, are garnering increasing research dollars, but are, in practicality, many years away. These approaches are considerably more expensive and less flexible than wire bonding, either because of tooling costs, or added labor-intensive steps. Flip-chip is limited as an approach because it does not address cross-talk issues without requiring numerous extra bumps for shielding. This paper describes a new interconnect approach called, MicroCoax, that is based upon wire bonding, and has the capability to create high-bandwidth interconnects for increasingly higher frequency electronics. Using this approach, prototype devices were designed and fabricated demonstrating excellent performance over DC-100+ GHz frequency range. Transmission line losses were less than 0.5 dB for a typical 2 mm long wire bond on 160 μm pitch, and cross-talk isolation was 40-50 dB from DC-50 GHz. Applicable to printed circuit boards and device-level interconnects, MicroCoax technology allows data signals to flow over large frequency ranges with excellent impedance match and little cross-talk. Its fabrication uses existing infrastructure within the microelectronics arena, allowing for easy adoption.
Epidemiologic Subtyping of Escherichia coli Serogroup O157 Strains Isolated in Ontario by Phage Typing and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

ABSTRACT Phage typing and DNA macrorestriction fragment analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were evaluated for use in the epidemiological subtyping of Escherichia coli serogroup O157 strains isolated in Ontario, Canada. Among 30 strains isolated from patients with sporadic cases of infection, 22 distinctXbaI macrorestriction patterns were identified and 17 strains exhibited unique PFGE patterns. In contrast, phage typing identified only seven different phage types and 17 strains belonged to the same phage type. A total of 25 phage type-macrorestriction pattern combinations were identified among the strains from patients with sporadic cases of infection. PFGE subtyping differentiated between unrelated strains that exhibited the same phage type, and in one group of strains, phage typing differentiated between strains of the same PFGE subtype. Both typing procedures correctly identified outbreak-related isolates as belonging to the same type in four separate outbreaks. Each outbreak strain was characterized by a distinct macrorestriction pattern, while phage typing subdivided the outbreak strains into only three different types. A small percentage of outbreak-related isolates had PFGE patterns that differed slightly (one or two DNA fragment differences) from that of the outbreak strain. On the other hand, each isolate from the same outbreak belonged to the same phage type as that of the outbreak strain. We conclude that phage typing and PFGE fingerprinting represent complementary procedures for the subtyping of E. coli serogroup O157 and that the combined use of these procedures provides optimal discrimination.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for the management of HCC

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor in China. After years of efforts, there has been great progress in the management of liver cancer, but overall, it is still not ideal. At present, there are many therapies for liver cancer, including surgical resection, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), ablation, molecular targeted therapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and so on. Studies have reported that TACE combined with radiotherapy can shrink the tumor, and some of the remainder will be resectable, resulting in cure. For HCC with tumor thrombus, the tumor thrombus was reduced and then resected after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. The survival time of the patients with portal vein tumor thrombus was significantly longer than that of the patients without neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Large liver cancer will be reduced to small liver cancer after comprehensive treatment, which can be transformed into stereotactic radiotherapy or radiofrequency ablation, and can also be palliative to radical treatment. Individualized and multidisciplinary therapy for liver cancer is the direction of future development. More clinical evidence-based level of radiotherapy treatment of liver cancer should be done in the future.
To Assess the Effect of Maternal Mental Health on Engagement in Health Practices during Pregnancy in Selected Hospital at Mangaluru

Background: Pregnancy is often considered the golden period in a woman’s life. There are physical as well as mental challenges faced by them during this period. While apparent physical problems are often addressed but the challenges related to mental health often go undiagnosed. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of maternal mental health on engagement in health practices during pregnancy. Method: A quantitative approach was used to assess the effect of maternal mental health on engagement in health practices during pregnancy among women who met the inclusion criteria. 380 participants were selected by using purposive sampling. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and structured health practice questionnaire were the tools used. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings of the study revealed that 59.5 % of women showed possible depressive symptoms but the majority of participants (98.9 %) engaged in good health practices. There was no correlation between maternal mental health and engagement in health practices among the participants. It was found that mental health status had a significant association with religion and at the same time, religion and education significantly influenced health practices. Conclusion: Though the majority of the participants showed possible depressive symptoms, there is good engagement in health practices. Leaflets were prepared which can improve the maternal mental health.
Bioavailability of new synthesised glucooligosaccharides in the intestinal tract of gnotobiotic rats

Using germ-free rats and previously germ-free rats inoculated with a complex human flora (heteroxenic rats), the digestibility of new glucooligosaccharides (GOS) and the effect of the digestive flora on their fermentation were studied. The GOS were synthesized using a glucosyltransferase reaction and were composed of a mixture of mono- to heptasaccharides (degree of polymerisation (DP) from 1 to 7), with α-1,6 and α-1,2 linkages. In germ-free rats, two diets containing GOS (20 g kg−1 diet and 40 g kg−1 diet) were compared to a control diet containing sucrose. The extent of GOS digestion was about 20% and the major component, DP 5, was almost fully resistant to the action of endogenous enzymes. In heteroxenic rats, only GOS (20 g kg−1 diet) was compared to the control diet. Gaseous H2 and CH4 excretions measured in a respiratory chamber significantly increased by GOS fermentation (1.8 and 2.9 times, respectively, P < 0.001). As compared to the control group, there were no modifications of the pH, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and lactic acid concentrations in the caecum of rats fed with the GOS diet, but there were changes of the SCFA profile, ie butyric, isobutyric and isovaleric acid proportions significantly decreased (P < 0.01), whereas the caproic acid proportion increased (P < 0.05). GOS appeared to be completely fermented. Changes in the gaseous excretion and in the SCFA profile suggest that the intake of a low amount of this new synthetised GOS led to some decrease in the proteolytic activity and in an enhancement of the glycolytic fermentation.
Genetic Structure and Markers -Trait Association Analyses for Fe-Toxicity Tolerance, Grain-Fe Content and Yield Component Traits In Rice

Genetic diversity, structure analysis and marker-trait association for Fe toxicity tolerance in rice were studied using 80 shortlisted germplasm lines and 30 selected microsatellite markers. A moderate level of genetic diversity was detected in the studied population. Principal component and Ward’s clustering analysis distributed the genotypes into various spots and clusters on the basis of LBI scores and other traits. Among the shortlisted genotypes, two genotypes Kanchan, and Mahalaxmi produced grain yield of >4 t/ha consistently under the stress. STRUCTURE software grouped all the genotypes into 3 genetic structure groups. These structure groups corresponded well with the Fe toxicity tolerance in rice. The marker-trait association analysis showed association of Fe toxicity tolerance, grain-Fe content and yield component traits using both Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Mixed Linear Model (MLM/ K+Q and model) analyzed by TASSEL 5 software. LBI showed significant associations with RM5897 and RM 206 by both the models. A novel QTL controlling Fe-toxicity was detected and named as qFeTox2.1. Marker RM 206 associated with QTL for Fe-tolerance on chromosome 12 is also validated. GML and MLM detected association of grain-Fe content with markers RM105, RM1278 and RM5897. The region in chromosome 2 from 2.88Mb to 10.3Mb has multiple QTLs and hot spot for Fe content in rice grain. QTL qFe9.1, controlling the grain Fe-content and co-localization of RM1278 with Fe toxicity tolerance are validated in the study. Grain number is strongly associated with marker RM5897 detected by both the models.
HuD RNA Recognition Motifs Play Distinct Roles in the Formation of a Stable Complex with AU-Rich RNA

ABSTRACT Human neuron-specific RNA-binding protein HuD belongs to the family of Hu proteins and consists of two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRM1 and -2), a hinge region, and a C-terminal RRM (RRM3). Hu proteins can bind to AU-rich elements in the 3′ untranslated regions of unstable mRNAs, causing the stabilization of certain transcripts. We have studied the interaction between HuD and prototype mRNA instability elements of the sequence UU(AUUU)nAUU using equilibrium methods and real-time kinetics (surface plasmon resonance using a BIACORE). We show that a single molecule of HuD requires at least three AUUU repeats to bind tightly to the RNA. Deletion of RRM1 reduced theKd by 2 orders of magnitude and caused a decrease in the association rate and a strong increase in the dissociation rate of the RNA-protein complex, as expected when a critical RNA-binding domain is removed. In contrast, deletion of either RRM2 or -3, which only moderately reduced the affinity, caused marked increases in the association and dissociation rates. The slower binding and stabilization of the complex observed in the presence of all three RRMs suggest that a change in the tertiary structure occurs during binding. The individual RRMs bind poorly to the RNA (RRM1 binds with micromolar affinity, while the affinities of RRM2 and -3 are in the millimolar range). However, the combination of RRM1 and either RRM2 or RRM3 in the context of the protein allows binding with a nanomolar affinity. Thus, the three RRMs appear to cooperate not only to increase the affinity of the interaction but also to stabilize the formed complex. Kinetic effects, similar to those described here, could play a role in RNA binding by many multi-RRM proteins and may influence the competition between proteins for RNA-binding sites and the ability of RNA-bound proteins to be transported intracellularly.
Morphohistogenesis of trachea in goats (Capra hircus)

The trachea was measured in 18 goat foeti of 4.00 - 35.00 cm CR length. The foetuses were divided into 3 groups on the basis of CR length. The length of trachea measured 25.00 ± 3.406 mm in group 1 and increased to 108.33 ± 7.149 mm in group 3. It was wider (5.66 ± 0.248 mm) than its height (5.25 ± 0.311 mm) in all the age groups. The wall-thickness of trachea (0.050 ± 0.012 mm) in group 1 increased to approximately double (1.06 ± 0.058 mm) in group 2. The extent of association of tracheal parameters with CR length decreased with the advancement of age. Regression coefficient revealed that the circumference was influenced maximum (4.050 mm) due to change in CR length in group 1. In the wall of the trachea the fibrocellular plates transformed into cartilaginous plates in right, left and ventral positions in group 1. These matured and attained typical cartilaginous structure in group 2. The mucosa lined by pseudostratified epithelium was smooth in group 1, got folded in group 2 and folds enlarged and epithelium well differentiated and organized in group 3. The glands in lamina propria/submucosa could not be seen in any of the groups.
SUNFLOWER OIL MEAL AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN BROILER RATIONS WITH OR WITHOUT MULTIENZYME (KEMZYME)

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of sunflower (Helianths annuus L.) oil meal (SFM) as a substitute for soybean meal in broiler rations with or without multienzyme (Kemzyme). One hundred and eighty day old broiler (Hubbard) chicks were employed for the study using completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. The experiment was conducted in two phases, starter (0-4 weeks) and finisher phase (5-6 weeks). Six different isonitrogenous & isoaloric experimental rations were prepared following NRC requirements with three levels 5, 10 and 15% of SFM without kemzyme supplementation, designated as A, B and C and with kemzyme (500 g/ton) as D, E and F for starter phase. Six corresponding finisher rations designated as A, B, C, D, E and F were used during the finisher phase. The compiled data (starter cum finisher phases) revealed non significant differences in terms of weight gain due to SFM levels or kemzyme addition. The feed consumption was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed diets containing kemzyme, but the overall feed efficiency was significantly better without kemzyme. The addition of kemzyme significantly (P < 0.05) improved the dressing precentage of the birds using rations containing 5% SFM. However, the lowest level (5%) of SFM used in the rations without kemzyme proved to be the most economical and the best in terms of feed efficiency values. The differences in liver, gizzard, heart, pancreas and spleen weights were found to be non significant among all the treatment groups.
Geoid determination in the mountains using ultra-high resolution spherical harmonic models – The Auvergne case

In this paper a geoid computation using the remove-restore technique and spherical FFT is used to derive a geoid of the Auvergne region, central France. Long and medium wavelengths are removed by the EGM08 spherical harmonic model, while terrain reduction is handled by the RTM method, implemented by prism integration and Fourier techniques. The results are compared to accurate 1st order GPS-leveling data, showing an r.m.s. accuracy of 29 mm in the best case, which is at the best reported level for the Auvergne test data set. The geoid comparison results vary depending on how the topography is handled relative to the inferred EGM08 topography. Due to some inherent problems in implementing the RTM method for highly varying reference topography, it appears that best results are obtained for a relatively low-resolution (30ʹ) reference heights, irrespective of whether EGM08 is used at a corresponding resolution (360) or to full resolution.
Genetic diversity analysis in chickpea grown under heat stress conditions of Madhya Pradesh

The genetic diversity study was conducted in 100 promising chickpea genotypes sown under late planting using Mahalanobis’s D 2 Statistics. Further the diversity is also confirmed by using SSR molecular markers. Based on D 2 values, 100 genotypes were grouped into sixteen clusters. The cluster I consisted of maximum 29 genotypes, followed by Cluster II, cluster V and cluster VI, which had 26, 13 and 12 genotypes, respectively. Maximum intra-cluster distance (164.10) was observed in cluster V, followed by cluster VI (150.23), cluster III (123.98) and cluster II (102.52). However, maximum inter cluster distance was noticed between cluster IX and cluster XV (853.43), followed by cluster X and cluster XV (749.13) and cluster VII and cluster XV (742.58). Molecular analysis grouped 100 genotypes into three major clusters. First major cluster consisted four genotypes (ICCV 93025, ICCV 93024, ICCV 03401 and ICCV 95315) and second cluster consisted two genotypes (ICCV 03405 and ICCV 01306). Third and last major cluster group contained 94 genotypes. The PIC value among the primers ranged from 0.3245 (TA 78) to 0.4375 (TA 135) and the highest gene diversity were found in TA 135 (0.5378). Among all eleven polymorphic SSR primers, only TA78 (0.0300), H5BO4 (0.0900), ICCAM0123a (0.0500), TA135 (0.0600) and H1G16 (0.1500) were shown heterozygosity. The genotypes conferring diversity at molecular studies (unaffected by environmental variations) can be used in future hybridization programmes and also helpful for plant breeders to screen effective heat tolerance genotypes for the development of high yielding improved lines for diverse environments.
Heterosis and Combining Ability for Grain Yield and Quality in Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield components and quality traits in maize analysed through Line x Tester mating design using nine lines and four testers. Combining ability analysis showed the predominant role of non-additive gene action for all the characters studied. The line UMI 199 was good general combiner for number of grains per row, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, protein content and oil content. The line UMI 235 was good general combiner for number of grains per row, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, protein content and oil content and the line UMI 278 was identified as better combiner for number of rows per cob, number of grains per row, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, protein content and oil content. The line UMI 348 showed high gca for grain yield per plant. In case of testers UMI 217 was identified for high gca effects for number of rows per cob, number of grains per row, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant and oil content. The tester UMI 330 recorded high gca effect for protein content. The hybrid UMI 278 x UMI 314 had highly significant positive sca with highest estimates of economic heterosis for number of rows per cob, hundred grain weight and protein content and UMI 334 x UMI 314 had highly significant positive sca with highest estimates of economic heterosis for protein content and oil content.
Precis of the new National Seismic Hazard Model for New Zealand

A team of earthquake geologists, seismologists and engineering seismologists from GNS Science, NIWA, University of Canterbury, and Victoria University of Wellington have collectively produced an update of the 2002 national probabilistic seismic hazard (PSH) model for New Zealand. The new model incorporates over 200 new onshore and offshore fault sources, and utilises newly developed New Zealand-based scaling relationships and methods for the parameterisation of the fault and subduction interface sources. The background seismicity model has also been updated to include new seismicity data, a new seismicity regionalisation, and improved methodology for calculation of the seismicity parameters. Future efforts to improve the model will focus on time-dependent hazard estimation, testing and evaluation of the model, and greater use of GPS data to model potential earthquakes unaccounted for by the fault and background seismicity models.
Review of Waste Heat Utilisation from Data Centres

This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version SETHURAMALINGAM, Ramamoorthy, ASTHANA, Abhishek and WESTON, Peter (2019). Review of Waste Heat Utilisation from Data Centres. In: AL-HABAIBEH, Amin, ASTHANA, Abhishek and VUKOVIC, Vladimir, (eds.) The International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Futures (ICESF). Nottingham Trent University.
“When You’re Done ... You’re Still Part of Our Family”: An Exploration of Gendered Scripts and Relationships in Prison Reentry Programs

Historically, the criminal justice system has been primarily composed of men; this lack of diversity led services to see offenders as an almost genderless category. The demographics of the criminal justice system has greatly changed, however. In 1990 there were 43,845 women under the jurisdiction of state and correctional authorities in the US (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1995). As mass incarceration took hold in the United States, this population more than doubled; by 2017 the number of incarcerated women grew to 111, 360 (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2019). Mass incarceration has led to an increase in rehabilitative programs and as the gender demographics of the criminal justice system changes, social services have been tasked with addressing the needs of returning citizens with an increasing focus on gender. Past research has largely focused on gender specific needs within the criminal justice system itself. This project explores perceptions of gender in reentry among social service workers, which will demonstrate how gender is conceptualized and reproduced within these services. I conducted 18 interviews with social service workers to ask about their perceptions on gender in reentry and how their organizations reproduce gendered ideologies. Social service workers often reported diverse gender needs in terms of external barriers such as trauma, community perceptions, social support, and parenting responsibilities. These findings reveal gender reproduction and interactions within the context of reentry and analyze how gender identity intersects with an “ex-offender” status.
TEACHING PRACTICES IN LOWER PRIMARY CLASSES IN ABEOKUTA NORTH OF OGUN STATE, NIGERIA: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF TEACHER VARIABLES

The incessant decline in the learning outcomes at both primary and secondary school education in Nigeria in general and in Ogun State in particular make one look back at the quality of teaching practices at the foundation level of education. Primary school is seen as the foundation to all other education levels but the foundation is laid at the lower primary classes. Research findings as well as noticeable practices in the lower classes in public primary schools in Ogun State revealed a lot of developmentally inappropriate practices. The causes of this could either be from the government or the teachers in the school system. Considering the poor level of responsiveness of government authorities to education in Nigeria nowadays, the study determined the teacher variables that are contributing to the teaching practices in the lower classes of public schools in the State. These, if quickly addressed, will improve the quality of teaching practices which will in-turn improve the pupils learning outcomes in their present classes and in their future education.