Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Co-occurrence of Oculomotor Behaviour and Electrocortical Brain Activity during Naturalistic Reading and Word Recognition

Loberg, Otto Co-occurrence of oculomotor behaviour and electrocortical brain activity during naturalistic reading and word recognition. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2019, 85 p. (JYU Dissertations ISSN 2489-9003; 131) ISBN 978-951-39-7849-5 (PDF) Reading is a process of converting symbols to meaning. Traditionally, eye movements and brain activity during reading have been investigated separately. This thesis examined the co-occurrence of brain activity and eye movement patterns during reading by utilising co-registered Eye Tracking & Electroencephalography (ET-EEG) methodology. The studies’ focus was on how sublexical features of words—specifically, word length and identity of a single letter—affect the cooccurring eye movements and brain activity. The influence of reading proficiency was also examined. Study I aimed to disentangle the influences of two word length aspects, spatial width and the number of letters, on eye movements to find out whether dysfluent readers would be more sensitive to them. The number of letters had an impact on the temporal aspects of eye movements while spatial width was reflected in the spatial aspects of the eye movements. Overall, dysfluent readers exhibited longer duration measures than typical readers but no different effects. Study II examined the influence of word length and reading proficiency on Fixation Related Potentials (FRPs) during sentence reading. Word length had an influence on brain activity during additional fixations but not during the first fixations. In terms of eye movements, word length had an influence on first fixations but not on additional ones. Both typical and slow readers had different brain activity and eye movement behaviour. The word length effect was stronger in the eye movements of slow readers but the effect on brain activity did not differ between groups. Study III investigated how semantic anomaly detection influences FRPs and eye movements. It was found that, a deviation of a single letter from a plausible sentence was able to modulate eye movements and brain activity. When comparing one letter deviations from a plausible sentence to full word deviations, the brain activity for semantic processing was delayed, suggesting competition between parallel interpretations of the sentence meaning. Study IV examined the effects of inserting deviating letters to actual words on co-occurring brain activity and small saccades. The spatial location of the deviation attracted small saccades suggesting attempts to focus attention on important letters. The deviation type had a clearer influence on brain activity and reaction times, which suggested that if a deviation does not adhere to spelling rules, then no attempt for deciphering the semantics of the letter string is made. Overall, these studies show that sublexical features of words cause co-occurring brain activity and eye movement effects. These results help refine the understanding of the relationship between the eye and the mind.
Aspects of forensic responses to the Bali bombings

The word “forensic” comes from the Latin forensis, “of the forum”. In Roman times the forum was the public place where official announcements were made, public meetings were held and some legal processes were demonstrated. Hence the term has come to refer to those aspects of medicine and dentistry which are applied to the needs of the law. In cases of unexpected death, the crucial function of forensic sciences is determining the who, when, where and how of death. Forensic evidence can facilitate the prosecution of people responsible for criminal or grossly negligent acts, and can inform improvements in medical treatments, personal protective equipment, occupational health and safety procedures and many other aspects of the human environment. In South East Asia, victims of accidents/incidents have often been identified visually, even in the case of disfigurement after high-speed accidents or fires. These visual identification procedures were not carried out to internation
The social organisation of off-course betting : an ethnographic perspective

The thesis addresses a number of important issues within the social world of the off-course betting office. It more specifically identified the main roles and key players in the performing of gambling scenes associated with such environments. Through the use of a multi-disciplinary approach (which draws heavily on the work of Goffman) the world of the gambler, as located in such settings, is revealed in a clear and understandable way. Such an approach maximised the strengths of an interpretive approach and allowed for an understanding of what gambling means to bettors themselves. Through the use of a questionnaire, participant observation and interviews of representatives from all participating groups a rich source of commentaries was collected. The analysis of this data demonstrated that, despite the concentration of previous research on the loss of control elements of gambling, most participants encountered within the three year investigation were fully in control of what they were doing. In this respect they were less concerned with the financial elements of betting and more interested in enjoying themselves. CONTENTS Abstract. i List Of Illustrations. vi Preface.xi Acknowledgements.xiii Chapter 1. A Socio-Economic History Of Horseracing And The Growth Of Working Class Betting. 1 Economic And Social Change. 2 The History Of Horse Racing In Great Britain. 10 The Role Of The Church And An Anti-Leisure Movement. 13 Horse Racing And Betting: A Tale Of Historical Dependence.18 The Early Betting "Professionals". 22 Off-Course Betting And Law. 33 Chapter 2. Gambling: Theoretical Concerns And Research Interests. 5 6 Gambling: Origins Of Academic Interest. 56 Contest. 57 Game. 59 Play. 60 Previous Gambling Investigations. 67 The Utility Of Gambling: Risk, Uncertainty And Choice. 68 Psychological Interpretations. 71 Sociological Perspectives. 88 Goffman and Gambling: Social Aspects Of Gambling Performances. 97 Chapter 3. Method and Methodology: Practical Issues In The Pursuit Of Understanding. 108 Research Framework.108 Understanding The Meaning Of Betting. 109 Design and Application Of The Research Model. 118 Fundamental Methodological And Analytical Questions. 125 The Reconciliation Of Field Research Within Conflicting Methodological Paradigms. 140 Chapter 4. Betting In South Wales: A Quantitative Viewpoint. 142 Professional Theories. 142 The Sample. 147 Method. 150 The Betting Offices. 153 Area 1. 155 Betting Office 5 (BOOS) . 155 Betting Office 6 (BO06) . 156 Betting Office 7 (BO07) . 157 Area 2. 157 Betting Office 8 (BOOS). 158
Financial Literacy: Study of a University Students Sample

This article aims to study the level of financial literacy of a sample of University students in the metropolitan area of Porto, in Portugal. The research method used is quantitative and exploratory, demanding an inquiry made to the population under study. The literature review is based on financial literacy field studies. It was found that almost half of young people between 18 and 24 years ignore the household income, but the majority (62.0%) has an opened account at the Bank. It was concluded that the students in this sample had meager knowledge of finance, not coming to recognize the Euribor as the interest reference rate in the Euro zone. The University students have a low knowledge about the commission’s banks charge for bank accounts and only around 20.0% know the exact amount are charged. Although the vast majority considers very important financial planning (66.8%), it was found that young people chooses not to make investments, opting to keep the money in the checking account.
BACTERIAL UROPATHOGENS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PATIENTS ATTENDING JNIMS HOSPITAL, IMPHAL.

The present study was conductedto determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the organism isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur for a period of one year. A total of 946 mid-stream urine samples were collected, out of which 285 (30.13%) showed growth of bacteria with significant count. Escherichia coli 123(43.16%) was the commonest bacterial pathogen followed by Klebsiellapneumoniae 51(77.89%), Staphylococcus aureus 43(15.09%), Enterococcus species 26 (9.12%), Proteus species 18 (6.3%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (4.9%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 10 (3.5%). Most of the strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Staphylococcusaureus showed resistant to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Sensitivity was highest with gentamicin and netilmicin. Enterococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus showed resistant to cotrimaxazole and is sensitive to nitrofurantoin, gentamicin and netilmicin.
The experience of Canadian teachers who have taught first- or second-generation Chinese students in British Columbia, Canada: a phenomenological inquiry

Extant research suggests the necessity for teachers to be culturally responsive to teach effectively to a diverse classroom. Extant research has also examined the perspectives of immigrant students in Western countries and the perspectives of teachers teaching to immigrant students. However, few studies have examined the perspectives of Canadian teachers lived experiences teaching first-or second-generation Chinese students. This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to examine the experiences of six Canadian teachers who have taught first-or second-generation Chinese students and who have interacted with family members. The participants included four female and two male teachers with one teacher who taught in primary school and five teachers who have taught, and continue to teach in high school. The participants presently reside in British Columbia, Canada. The study’s data were gathered by semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed to find common themes and the essence of the participants’ experiences. The study’s results indicated that Canadian teachers find teaching first-or second-generation Chinese students to be both positive and challenging. There are numerous differences between Chinese and Canadian preferences of learning, communicating, expectations, values, and perspectives of success, education, mental illness and learning challenges. The participants also provided recommendations for teachers and schools when teaching firstor second-generation Chinese students.
Protective Nutrients: Are They Here to Stay?

Protective nutrients benefit health in various ways beyond their conventionally established nutrient function such as by enhancing immune function, promoting gastrointestinal integrity, impacting metabolism, and preventing disease. Certain of these key nutrients have taken center stage as emerging research is showing that they can play a significant role throughout the life span. Study of an infants’ first natural nutrition, breast milk, has led to an improved understanding of how different compounds can beneficially effect physiological processes and act as protective nutrients. Probiotics, or “healthy bacteria,” are living microorganisms that confer a benefit when consumed in sufficient quantities. For example, certain strains help maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota, a complex ecosystem that can be influenced by many factors such as stress, antibiotics, and diet. Research suggests that, when the intestinal microbiota is unbalanced, overall health may be affected. Prebiotics are nondigestible carbohydrates that can be used as an energy source by certain probiotics, thereby helping them grow and flourish to further promote a healthy ecosystem. Additional nutrients such as choline, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids have also gained attention as being protective beyond normal growth and development, possessing functional effects that may be vital to future recommendations for health.
Quality-of-Life Outcomes of Older Adults with Severe Disabilities

People with disabilities who age may have unique experiences and face different challenges than people without disabilities who acquire disabilities as they age. These unique challenges may be especially pertinent for people with severe disabilities who already face disparities in quality of life. Yet, there is little research specifically about the quality of life of older adults with severe disabilities, a population that has continued to grow due to advances in medicine and social supports. This study’s aim was to explore quality-of-life outcomes of older adults with severe disabilities. We analyzed Personal Outcome Measures® data from 800 people with severe disabilities aged 55 years old and older. Findings revealed most older adults with severe disabilities had less than half of the quality-of-life outcomes present. Specifically, we found that while most older adults with severe disabilities were healthy, safe, and free from abuse and neglect, the overwhelming majority were lacking in community integration, relationships, choice, and opportunities. Our findings suggest the lack of quality-of-life outcomes among older adults with severe disabilities were largely attributed to an absence of supports. When older adults with severe disabilities received individualized organizational supports, they had better quality of life.
Confidence and the effectiveness of creative methods in qualitative interviews with adults

ABSTRACT This paper examines two contrasting creative methods; a drawing task and a LEGO building task used in a study exploring the gap between policy and practice in widening participation to higher education across two different types of university in England. These creative methods were used within 16 semi-structured interviews in seven universities to attempt to explore deeper understandings of everyday policy and what they mean in practice and to make comparisons across types of institutions. This paper examines the role that creative confidence played in the effectiveness of both methods through exploring the successes and failures of each arguing that understanding these barriers can improve the successful use of these methods, especially with adults. When these barriers are overcome, the paper also demonstrates how creative methods encouraged more reflective discussion of everyday issues, increased levels of rapport, and shared engagement in the interview process.
South Africa: research reflecting critically on Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) research and practice

Research into the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) in South Africa needs to be seen in relation to the extent of educational disadvantage in the country that is the legacy of apartheid, and the vision of educational redress which drove the conceptualisation of the practice in the early post-apartheid years. This chapter categorises that research according to the following broad purposes: (1) research to develop policy; (2) research to conceptualise RPL and guide practice; and (3) research to monitor and quantify implementation. It includes research on the recognition of prior experience within adult pedagogy as well as RPL prior to entry, as conventionally understood. It is argued that the research has been predominantly qualitative, mainly located in university education, and, although it appears to have made an important contribution to international theorisation of the practice, it has been too small-scale and too introspective to help extend the reach of RPL in South Africa itself.
Effect of knisley’s mathematical model on gender’s mathematical critical thinking ability

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Knisley’s mathematical model on students’ mathematical critical thinking skills based on gender. The research sample consisted of two classes in class 2018 in one of the PTS Cimahi. The research instrument was a test of mathematical critical thinking skills. The analysis technique uses ANAVA with IBM SPSS Statistics 24 application. Overall the results of this study are that there is no interaction seen between the learning model carried out with gender differences because there is still a mismatch between the interactions obtained by the significance value and the general average, especially those which indicate the average mathematical thinking ability of male students men who use the Knisley mathematical model are lower than male students who use the normal learning model and the average mathematical thinking ability of male students who use Knisley’s mathematical model is lower than female students.
The Impacts of Perceived Ethical Climate and Codes of Ethics on Employees’ Deviant Behaviors in Organizations

This study investigates how ethical climate and perceived existence of organizational ethical codes impact employee deviance. Due to the importance and extensiveness of the employee deviant behavior problem, it is found denotative to examine the antecedents contributing to the occurrence of employee deviance in organizations. In the light of the previous literature study, several factors that have been associated with employee deviance have been reviewed and it was seen that workplace ethics was examined as a contextual variable influencing such behaviors in the organizations. Thus, in the current study, it was aimed to evaluate the impacts of existence of ethical codes and ethical climate on employees’ deviant behaviors within the organization. A quantitative survey was performed among 230 employees in public and private organizations in various sectors, such as education, health, insurance, banking, telecommunication, and retailing. The data obtained from the research were evaluated with statistical programme and the findings revealed that all five dimensions of ethical climate had significant impacts on organizational deviance. The instrumental and independence dimensions had positive impacts on organizational deviance, whereas caring, law and codes and rules dimensions had negative impacts on such behaviors. Further, it was reported that the perceived existence of organizational code of conduct had significant negative impact on organizational deviance. The findings of the research were evaluated and discussed with the implications of the previous empirical findings and both conceptual and practical suggestions were provided for the future studies.
Self-efficacy and work performance : the role of job crafting in middle-age workers

In the last years, the scientific interest on job crafting within the Job demands-resources theory has been increased. The paper aimed to examine the role of job crafting in the relationship between self-efficacy and performance at work. Based on Job demands-resources theory, we hypothesized that employees with higher levels of self-efficacy would be most likely to make proactively changes in their own jobs in order to perform well. Specifically, we hypothesized that job crafting may mediate the positive effects between self-efficacy and work performance and organizational citizenship behaviours. Participants were 361 employees of different Italian organizations. Results from SEM showed the positive effect of self-efficacy on job crafting, work performance, and organizational citizenship behaviours. Furthermore, job crafting partially mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and work performance and totally mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behaviours. Findings suggest that job crafting can play a crucial role in the influence of personal resources, as self-efficacy, and the performance at work.
The Pathogenesis and Treatment Updates of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion with Immune Type

The pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)is complex,there are nearly 50% RSA for unexplained reasons. Recurrent spontaneous abortion with immune type is the focus of spontaneous abortion research in recent years. The abnormalities of maternal immune system and decidual microenvironment are correlated with RSA of immune type. The pathogenesis of autoimmune RSA was mainly associated with anti-phosphlipid antibody(APLA),while that of alloimmune RSA was due to the imbalance of multi-kinds of immune cells and cytokines. Currently there are several methods for RSA treatment;none of them was publicly established.
Firefighters’ Perception of Leadership Behaviors on Their Psychological Well-being: A Case Study

ii Dedication . iii Acknowledgements . iv Chapter 1: Introduction . 89 Background, Context, and History . 90 Conceptual Framework . 92 Statement of the Problem . 94 Purpose of the Study . 95 Research Questions . 95 Rationale, Relevance, and Significance of the Study . 95 Definition of Terms . 97 Assumptions, Delimitations, and Limitations . 98 Summary . 99 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 10
Vivitrol and Depression: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

The introduction of a long-acting depot formulation of naltrexone (Vivitrol), FDA approved for the treatment of alcohol and opioid dependence in 2006 and 2010, respectively, has raised safety concerns including: (1) risk of development or exacerbation of depressive symptoms during treatment; and (2) increased risk of opioid overdose after treatment cessation. The concern that treatment with long-acting naltrexone may lead to depressive symptoms has a plausible theoretical basis given the medication’s blockade of l-opioid receptors, which, when activated, lead to positive mood states. Risk of depression and suicidality are listed as potential adverse reactions in the manufacturer’s insert and are commonly relayed to patients during informed consent for treatment (http:/ /www.vivitrol.com/About/Safety). However, these concerns may not be substantiated. Given that depression is commonly comorbid with alcohol and opioid dependence, concerns about the exacerbation of depression could prevent many individuals from receiving beneficial treatment as more evidence emerges supporting the efficacy of depot naltrexone. A recent multisite randomized trial found that opioid-dependent subjects receiving long-acting naltrexone were far more likely to remain abstinent over 6 months of treatment (median of 90% abstinent weeks for naltrexone group vs. 35% for placebo group). In this paper, we review the existing literature on the effects of short-acting and long-acting naltrexone on mood as well as effects on preexisting depressive disorders, with the aim of assisting clinicians in selecting appropriate patients for treatment with this medication.
The Influence of Stigma and Views on Mental Health Treatment Effectiveness on Service Use by Age and Ethnicity: Evidence From the CDC BRFSS 2007, 2009, and 2012

The purpose of this study is to conduct a cross-cultural comparison of perceived public stigma of mental health and views on mental health treatment effectiveness and their effects on service use among the U.S. adult population of White, Black, and Hispanic ethnic backgrounds. The pooled data came from the 2007, 2009, and 2012 Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, which included unweighted sample sizes of 149,344 Whites, 11,156 Blacks, and 11,072 Hispanic adults aged 55 years old or older. For both 55 to 64 and 65+ age groups, White respondents were most likely to hold greater perceived public stigma. Middle-aged Hispanic adults also showed high levels of perceived public stigma, though not as high as White counterparts. Hispanic adults of both age groups had the least favorable views on the effectiveness of mental health treatment. Among Whites and Hispanics who were not psychologically distressed, unfavorable views on treatment effectiveness significantly reduced the likelihood of seeking mental health services. Given age and ethnic differences in perceived public stigma and views on mental health treatment effectiveness, future efforts aimed at combating stigma should be tailored around various factors for effective intervention strategies.