Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical theory of punch-through diodes

This report consists of two parts. In Part I an analytical theory is developed for the d.c. behaviour of p-n-p punch-through diodes with uniformly doped base regions and highly-doped, abrupt p-regions. It is based on a formula derived by Gummel (BSTJ 1970, 827) for the base of a bipolar transistor which gives the injected carrier density in terms of the electric potential. Dividing the base into two or three regions, first estimates for the carrier density and electric potential in each region are obtained and the latter of these is substituted into Gummel's formula to obtain a better approximation for the carrier density. From Poisson's equation then estimates for the electric field and potential are obtained. Using suitable boundary conditions at the junctions the d.c. voltage over the diode can be obtained, as well as other quantities of interest like width and height of the potential barrier and electric field at the collector. The results can be compared with those of a numerical simulation and are found to be surprisingly accurate. In Part II the theory is extended to the case where the electric field at the collector is high enough to produce carrier pairs by impact ionization. It is found that for sufficiently high doping-width product, at high injection rates a current-controlled negative resistance develops. Results of numerical calculations or detailed experiments are not available for this case but the predictions of the theory are in qualitative agreement with the observed behaviour of transistors and punch-through diodes in the avalanche regime. Roer, Th.G. van de ANALYTICAL THEORY OF PUNCH-THROUGH DIODES. Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. November 1979. TH-Report 79-E-103 Address of the author: Dr.ir. Th.G. van de Roer, Group of Electromagnetic Theory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands
Anterior Chamber Depth Changes after Uneventful Phacoemulsification

Results: A total of 74 subjects were enrolled in this study. There were 42 males (56.8%) and 32 females (43.2%). Before surgery, overall mean anterior chamberdepth (mm) ACD was 3.02 ± 0.43; in males was 3.07 ± 0.43 and in females was 2.96 ± 0.43. Overall, the mean ACD after 1 day of cataract surgery 3.46 ± 0.44,after 1 week of surgery was 3.64 ± 0.46, and after 1 month of surgery was 3.81 ± 0.46. Significant increase of 0.73 ± 0.58mm (p < 0.0001) in the mean ACD was seen after 1 month of surgery. However , mean difference in ACD after 1 month of surgery between male and female groups was 0.11 ± 0.09; which was not statistically significant (p = 0.42). After uneventful phacoemulsification along with IOL implantation, the anterior chamber angle depth increased markedly.
An energy efficient dynamic routing scheme for clustered sensor network using a ubiquitous robot

Wireless sensor network have been widely used in many applications such as military, unmanned space exploration, and so on. However, the limited energy of the sensor nodes requires efficient gathering of information so that the network lifetime is increased. In literature it is proved that this efficiency can be achieved by clustering the sensor nodes in the network. The cluster heads cooperate with each other to forward their data to the base station, these cluster heads which are closer to the base station are burdened with heavier relay traffic and tend to die much faster, leaving areas of the network uncovered and causing network partitions. In this paper we propose energy efficient dynamic routing protocol (EEDR) to reduce these kind of problem by distributed way using ubiquitous robot which works like a data collecting agent and in charge of balancing the energy in the entire network. We use two kind of routing schemes, one is the reactive routing which is used for intra clustering and proactive routing for inter cluster routing. We evaluate our work by using mathematical expressions which shows the efficiency of our work is greater than that of the classic routing schemes.
A new search algorithm for feature selection in hyperspectral remote sensing images

A new suboptimal search strategy suitable for feature selection in very high-dimensional remote sensing images (e.g., those acquired by hyperspectral sensors) is proposed. Each solution of the feature selection problem is represented as a binary string that indicates which features are selected and which are disregarded. In turn, each binary string corresponds to a point of a multidimensional binary space. Given a criterion function to evaluate the effectiveness of a selected solution, the proposed strategy is based on the search for constrained local extremes of such a function in the above-defined binary space. In particular, two different algorithms are presented that explore the space of solutions in different ways. These algorithms are compared with the classical sequential forward selection and sequential forward floating selection suboptimal techniques, using hyperspectral remote sensing images (acquired by the airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer [AVIRIS] sensor) as a data set. Experimental results point out the effectiveness of both algorithms, which can be regarded as valid alternatives to classical methods, as they allow interesting tradeoffs between the qualities of selected feature subsets and computational cost.
EFFECT OF LASER IRRADIATION ON THE LUMINESCENCE OF MG AND SI-DOPED GAN FILMS

Pulsed laser treatments have been performed in GaN samples of both n- and p-type conductivity. The laser induced changes have been monitored by emissive mode and cathodoluminescence (CL) in a scanning electron microscope. Emissive mode observations indicate a moderate laser induced recrystallization. The luminescent emission has been characterized in both types of samples, GaN:Si and GaN:Mg. Whereas the evolution of CL in the Si doped samples could be explained by the occurrence of laser induced annealing, the luminescent behavior of the Mg doped samples upon irradiation seems to be more complex and a strong relation with the compensation or Mg activation is suggested. Several luminescence bands with maxima ranging from 3.3 to 2.7 eV and their dependence on irradiation conditions have been studied.
NEMO: A New Implicit-Connection-Graph-Based Gridless Router With Multilayer Planes and Pseudo Tile Propagation

The implicit-connection-graph-based router is superior to the tile-based router in terms of routing graph construction and point querying. However, the implicit connection graph has a higher degree of routing graph complexity. In this paper, a new multilayer implicit-connection-graph-based gridless router called NEMO is developed. Unlike the first implicit-connection-graph-based router that embeds all routing layers onto a routing plane, NEMO constructs a routing plane for each routing layer. Additionally, each routing plane comprises tiles, not an array of grid points with their connecting edges, and consequently, the complexity of the routing problem decreases. Each grid point then represents exactly one tile or its left-bottom corner such that a tile query is equivalent to any point query inside the queried tile, and a grid maze becomes tile propagation. Furthermore, to accelerate path search, continuous space tiles are combined as a pseudo maximum horizontally or vertically stripped tile. Experimental results reveal that NEMO conducts a point-to-point path search around ten times faster than the implicit-connection-graph-based router. General-purpose routing by NEMO also improves routing performance by approximately 1.69times-55.82 times, as compared to previously published works based on a set of commonly used MCNC benchmark circuits
LogKV: Exploiting Key-Value Stores for Log Processing

Event log processing and analysis play a key role in applications ranging from security management, IT trouble shooting, to user behavior analysis. Recent years have seen a rapid growth in system scales and the corresponding rapid increase in the amount of log event data. At the same time, as logs are found to be a valuable information source, log analysis tasks have become more sophisticated demanding both interactive exploratory query processing and batch computation. Desirable query types include selection with time ranges and value ﬁltering criteria, join within time windows, join between log data and reference tables, and various aggregation types. In such a situation, parallel solutions are necessary, but existing parallel and distributed solutions either support limited query types or perform only batch computations on logs. With a system called LogKV, this paper reports a ﬁrst study of using Key-Value stores to support log processing and analysis, exploiting the scalability, reliability, and eﬃciency commonly found in Key-Value store systems. LogKV contains a number of unique techniques that are needed to handle log data in terms of event ingestion, load balancing, storage optimization, and query processing. Preliminary experimental results show that LogKV is a promising solution.
Multi-modal Building Energy Management System for Residential Demand Response

Demand response is proposed as a solution to handle the fluctuations in the power supply in a scenario with higher penetration of renewable energy sources. While demand response already offers a positive business case in certain domains it still lacks matureness in other areas, especially in the residential domain. This paper aims at providing a feasibility study of residential demand response by designing and validating a novel multi-modal Building Energy Management System (BEMS) that enables demand response provision and energy efficient control from residential buildings. The proposed consumer-centric BEMS monitors the building performance and its surroundings, interacts with the residents, optimally controls local Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and provides demand response to an aggregator. The design decisions and the consequent architecture are detailed. A prototype of the envisioned BEMS has been developed and deployed in a testbed - a 12-storey residential building located in Denmark. The prototype performance, the data monitoring capabilities, interaction with the residents and controllability of local DER of the BEMS are demonstrated.
An Improved Generalization of Mesh-Connected Computers with Multiple Buses

Mesh-connected computers (MCCs) are a class of important parallel architectures due to their simple and regular interconnections. However, their performances are restricted by their large diameters. Various augmenting mechanisms have been proposed to enhance the communication efficiency of MCCs. One major approach is to add nonconfigurable buses for improved broadcasting. A typical example is the mesh-connected computer with multiple buses (MMB). We propose a new class of generalized MMBs, the improved generalized MMBs (IMMBs). We compare IMMBs with MMBs and a class of previously proposed generalized MMBs (GMMBs). We show the power of IMMBs by considering semigroup and prefix computations. Specifically, as our main result we show that for any constant 0</spl epsiv/<1, one can construct an N/sup 1/2 //spl times/N/sup 1/2 / square IMMB using which semigroup and prefix computations on N operands can be carried out in O(N/sup /spl epsiv//) time, while maintaining O(1) broadcasting time. Compared with the previous best complexities O(N/sup 1/8 /) and O(N/sup 1/16 /) achieved on a rectangular MMB and GMMB, respectively, for the same computations, our results show that IMMBs are more powerful than MMBs and GMMBs.
Long-term safety and tolerability of open-label aripiprazole augmentation of antidepressant therapy in major depressive disorder

Background: Effective management of major depressive disorder often includes the long-term use of multiple medications, and the longer-term utility and safety of adjunctive aripiprazole has not been evaluated in a controlled setting. Patients and methods: Patients (n = 706) completing one of two 14-week double-blind studies of aripiprazole augmentation, as well as de novo patients (n = 296) nonresponsive to current antidepressant therapy, were enrolled in this open-label study. Patients received open-label aripiprazole for up to 52 weeks. Results: Open-label treatment was completed by 323 patients (32.2%). At endpoint (n = 987), the mean dose of aripiprazole was 10.1 mg/day. Common (>15% of patients) spontaneously reported adverse events were akathisia (26.2%), fatigue (18.0%), and weight gain (17.1%). The incidence of serious adverse events was 4.0%. Four spontaneous reports of possible tardive dyskinesia were submitted (0.4%); all resolved within 45 days of drug discontinuation. Mean weight change was 4.4 kg; 36.6% experienced ≥7% increase in weight from baseline (observed case analysis, n = 303). No clinically relevant changes in other metabolic parameters were seen. At the end of open-label treatment, 221 patients (69.7%) had a Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness score of 1 (not at all ill) or 2 (borderline ill). Conclusion: Long-term adjunctive aripiprazole therapy was well tolerated with an acceptable long-term safety and tolerability profile in patients with major depressive disorder who had not responded to treatment with one or more antidepressant therapies. Clinically significant weight gain was observed in about one-third of patients. Overall, the adverse event profile was consistent with that reported in the short-term trials and readily managed clinically.
Multi-modal estimation with kernel embeddings for learning motion models

We present a novel estimation algorithm for filtering and regression with a number of advantages over existing methods. The algorithm has wide application in robotics as no assumptions are made about the underlying distributions, it can represent non-Gaussian multi-modal posteriors, and learn arbitrary non-linear models from noisy data. Our method is a generalisation of the Kernel Bayes' Rule that produces multi-modal posterior estimates represented as Gaussian mixtures. The algorithm learns non-linear state transition and observation models from data and represents all distributions internally as elements in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. Inference occurs in the Hilbert space and can be performed recursively. When an estimate of the posterior distribution is required, we apply a quadratic programming pre-image method to determine the Gaussian mixture components of the posterior representation. We demonstrate our algorithm with two filtering experiments and one regression experiment; a multi-modal tracking simulation, a real tracking problem involving a miniature slot-car with an attached inertial measurement unit, and a regression problem of estimating the velocity field of a set of pedestrian paths for robot path-planning. Our algorithm compares favourably with the Gaussian process in the regression case, and a particle filter with learned process and observation models (the “GP-BayesFilter” particle filter).
Transcriptional Activation of Pyoluteorin Operon Mediated by the LysR-Type Regulator PltR Bound at a 22 bp lys Box in Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18

Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18, a rhizosphere-isolated bacterial strain showing strong antifungal activity, can produce secondary metabolites such as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and pyoluteorin (Plt). The LysR-type transcriptional regulator PltR activates the Plt biosynthesis operon pltLABCDEFG, the expression of which is induced by Plt. Here, we identified and characterized the non-conserved pltL promoter (pltLp) specifically activated by PltR and its upstream neighboring lys box from the complicated pltR–pltL intergenic sequence. The 22 bp palindromic lys box, which consists of two 9 bp complementary inverted repeats interrupted by 4 bp, was found to contain the conserved, GC-rich LysR-binding motif (T-N11-A). Evidence obtained in vivo from mutational and lacZ report analyses and in vitro from electrophoretic mobility shift assays reveals that the PltR protein directly bound to the pltLp region as the indispensable binding motif “lys box”, thereby transcriptionally activating the pltLp-driven plt operon expression. Plt, as a potential non-essential coinducer of PltR, specifically induced the pltLp expression and thus strengthened its biosynthetic plt operon expression.
Genome Scan for Parent-of-Origin QTL Effects on Bovine Growth and Carcass Traits

Parent-of-origin effects (POE) such as genomic imprinting influence growth and body composition in livestock, rodents, and humans. Here, we report the results of a genome scan to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with POE on growth and carcass traits in Angus × Brahman cattle crossbreds. We identified 24 POE–QTL on 15 Bos taurus autosomes (BTAs) of which six were significant at 5% genome-wide (GW) level and 18 at the 5% chromosome-wide (CW) significance level. Six QTL were paternally expressed while 15 were maternally expressed. Three QTL influencing post-weaning growth map to the proximal end of BTA2 (linkage region of 0–9 cM; genomic region of 5.0–10.8 Mb), for which only one imprinted ortholog is known so far in the human and mouse genomes, and therefore may potentially represent a novel imprinted region. The detected QTL individually explained 1.4 ∼ 5.1% of each trait’s phenotypic variance. Comparative in silico analysis of bovine genomic locations show that 32 out of 1,442 known mammalian imprinted genes from human and mouse homologs map to the identified QTL regions. Although several of the 32 genes have been associated with quantitative traits in cattle, only two (GNAS and PEG3) have experimental proof of being imprinted in cattle. These results lend additional support to recent reports that POE on quantitative traits in mammals may be more common than previously thought, and strengthen the need to identify and experimentally validate cattle orthologs of imprinted genes so as to investigate their effects on quantitative traits.
Using the Polynomial Approximation Algorithm in the Algorithm 2 for Manipulator's Control in an Unknown Environment

— The Algorithm2 for a n-link manipulator movement amidst arbitrary unknown static obstacles for a case when a sensor system supplies information about local neighborhoods of different points in the configuration space is presented. The Algorithm2 guarantees the reaching of a target position in a finite number of steps. The Algorithm2 is reduced to a finite number of calls of a subroutine for planning a trajectory in the presence of known forbidden states. The polynomial approximation algorithm which is used as the subroutine is presented. The results of the Algorithm2 implementation are given.
Energy consumption evaluation of SAODV with trust management scheme under gray-hole attacks

Mobile ad-hoc networks allow communication between mobile nodes without the existence of an infrastructure, so they are adaptable also in hostile environments. Using the wireless communication leads to a lack of security. Due to the characteristics of mobile nodes, they have batteries as power source, so their energy is constrained. A routing protocol for MANETs has to take into account this constraint, limiting the amount of used energy. Introducing security measures to protect the network against malicious nodes has an impact on the energy amount required to nodes. To improve security of the network, there are already proposals that use cryptography to secure routing packets. In this contribution, a trust management system is introduced into the well-known protocol SAODV, to protect the network against effective attacks not protected by that protocol. The proposal is evaluated using gray hole attack and comparing performances and energy consumption between the SAODV with and without Trust Management Scheme.
Sensor and control design of a dynamically stable biped robot

The biped robot "Johnnie" is designed to achieve a dynamically stable gait pattern, allowing for high walking velocities. Very accurate and fast sensors were developed for the machine. In particular the design of the 3D-orientation sensor and the 6-axes force-torque sensor are presented. The control scheme is based on the information from these sensors to deal with unstructured terrain and disturbances. Two different implementations are investigated: a computed torque approach and a trajectory control with adaptive trajectories. Walking speeds of 2.0 km/h have been achieved in experiments.
QoS support in mobile ad hoc networks

Due to resource constraints and dynamic topology of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), supporting quality of service (QoS) in MANETs is a challenging task. Although lots of research have been done on supporting QoS in the Internet and other networks, they are not suitable for the MANET environment. While traditional protocol layering is an important abstraction to reduce complexity of network design in wired networks, it is not well suited to wireless networks to provide complex functionalities like QoS due to interdependencies of different layers. This paper provides a brief review of the current researches on QoS support in MANETs specially the different existing QoS models and proposes a general framework which is based on a cross layer approach. A thorough investigation of the different techniques at different layers and their adaptation has lead to this simple framework which gives better performance under different traffic loads and mobility scenarios
The PI3-Kinase/mTOR-Targeting Drug NVP-BEZ235 Inhibits Growth and IgE-Dependent Activation of Human Mast Cells and Basophils

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are two major signaling molecules involved in growth and activation of mast cells (MC) and basophils (BA). We examined the effects of the dual PI3-kinase/mTOR blocker NVP-BEZ235 on growth of normal and neoplastic BA and MC as well as immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent cell activation. Growth of MC and BA were determined by measuring 3H-thymidine uptake and apoptosis. Cell activation was determined in histamine release experiments and by measuring upregulation of CD63 and CD203c after challenging with IgE plus anti-IgE or allergen. We found that NVP-BEZ235 exerts profound inhibitory effects on growth of primary and cloned neoplastic MC. In the MC leukemia cell line HMC-1, NVP-BEZ235 showed similar IC50 values in the HMC-1.1 subclone lacking KIT D816V (0.025 µM) and the HMC-1.2 subclone expressing KIT D816V (0.005 µM). Moreover, NVP-BEZ235 was found to exert strong growth-inhibitory effects on neoplastic MC in a xenotransplant-mouse model employing NMR1-Foxn1nu mice. NVP-BEZ235 also exerted inhibitory effects on cytokine-dependent differentiation of normal BA and MC, but did not induce growth inhibition or apoptosis in mature MC or normal bone marrow cells. Finally, NVP-BEZ235 was found to inhibit IgE-dependent histamine release in BA and MC (IC50 0.5–1 µM) as well as anti-IgE-induced upregulation of CD203c in BA and IgE-dependent upregulation of CD63 in MC. In summary, NVP-BEZ235 produces growth-inhibitory effects in immature neoplastic MC and inhibits IgE-dependent activation of mature BA and MC. Whether these potentially beneficial drug effects have clinical implications is currently under investigation.