Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construct Validity of The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk in the Long-term Care Setting: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Secondary Data

Background: The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk (Braden Scale) is based on the conceptual model by Braden and Bergstrom. The scale’s psychometric properties have been tested with different methods of classical test theory; however, there is limited research on the construct validity of the scale. Therefore, this study aimed to test the construct validity of the Braden Scale with structural equation modeling (SEM) in the long-term care setting in Austria. Methods: Secondary analysis of 311 residents’ medical records were completed with SmartPLS. A formative-formative model was derived to evaluate the relationships between the measurement and latent variables of the Braden Scale. For checking the prerequisite tests for the SEM, a standard Partial Least Squares algorithm and a bootstrap procedure were used to estimate the significance of the model estimates. After calculating composite reliability of the total Braden Scale score, the overall formative-formative model was assessed for convergent and discriminant validity with the average variance extracted index (AVE) and Fornell-Larcker-Crtiterion (FLC) as well as Standardized Root Mean Square Residual fit index (SRMR). Results: The outer weights revealed a middle positive effect for the subscale friction and shear (β = 0.600); for all other subscale items, a weak positive effect (β = 0.261 – 0.430) on the two latent constructs Pressure and Tissue Tolerance. The inner weights showed a weak effect for the construct Tissue Tolerance (β = 0.423) and a middle effect for Pressure (β = 0.655) to the second order construct Pressure Sore Development. The latent construct was satisfactory reliable. The Braden Scale model was convergent (AVE = 0.579) and discriminant valid (FLC Pressure = 0.954; FLC Tissue Tolerance = 0.886). The model itself had a fit of SRMR = 0.146. Conclusions: The overall assessment of the Braden Scale show that both constructs (Pressure and Tissue Tolerance) are valid in themselves and describe the overall construct Pressure Sore Development equally valid. The separation of the items into the two latent constructs Pressure and Tissue Tolerance, might be reasonable and should be focus of further nursing research.
Multistage optimal control for microbial fed-batch fermentation process

In this paper, we consider multistage optimal control of bioconversion glycerol to 1, 3-propanediol(1, 3-PD) in fed-batch fermentation process. To maximize the productivity of 1, 3-PD, the whole fermentation process is divided into three stages according to the characteristics of microbial growth. Stages 2 and 3 are discussed mainly. The main aim of stage 2 is to restrict accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde and maximize the biomass in the shortest time, and the purpose of stage 3 is to get high productivity of 1, 3-PD. With these different objectives, multi-objective optimal control problems are proposed in stages 2 and 3. In order to solve the above optimal control problems, the multi-objective problems are transformed to the corresponding single-objective problems using the mass balance equation of biomass and normalization of the objective. Furthermore, the single-objective optimal control problems are transformed to two-level optimization problems by the control parametrization technique. Finally, numerical solution methods combined an improved Particle Swarm Optimization with penalty function method are developed to solve the resulting optimization problems. Numerical results show that the productivity of 1, 3-PD is higher than the reported results.
Detection of presence of non-allelic interaction for yield and yield contributing characters in okra Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench

The experimental material comprised of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) through generation mean analysis of six crosses with different parents. The generations were analysed during kharif 2019 in Randomized Block Design with randomization of generations within each cross in two replications. The traits were studied number of ridges per pod, number of seeds per pod, weight of 10 seeds (g), weight of 100 seeds (g). The scaling test indicated the presence of non-allelic interaction in all the crosses. In all the crosses PBNOK-6 x Pusa Makhmali was observed superior in most of the characters. In the most of the crosses the dominance (h) component was observed to be important in the inheritance of characters like weight of 10 seeds, weight of 100 seeds and additive x dominance (j) interaction was showed importance in number of ridges per pod, number of seeds per pod. Most of the characters showed complementary type of gene action. Complementary type of gene action play role in transfer inheritance characters. Some characters showed duplicate type of epistasis. Its play important role for transgressive selection of the characters.
The Transcription Factor Sox6 Controls Renin Expression during Renal Artery Stenosis

Visual Abstract Abstract Key Points Sox6 controls the increased renin expression that is induced during renal artery stenosis, and thus has a novel function in renovascular hypertension. Sox6 knockout in Ren1d+ cells inhibited the renovascular hypertension and kidney injury induced by renal artery stenosis. The results presented in this manuscript point to a new transcriptional regulatory network in renal artery stenosis which is controlled by Sox6. Background Renal artery stenosis (RAStenosis) or renal artery occlusion is an intractable problem affecting about 6% of people >65 and up to 40% of people with coronary or peripheral vascular disease in the Unites States. The renal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a key role in RAStenosis, with renin (which is mainly produced in the kidney) being recognized as the driver of the disease. In this study, we will determine a new function for the transcription factor Sox6 in the control of renal renin during RAStenosis. Methods We hypothesize that knocking out Sox6 in Ren1d-positive cells will protect mice against renovascular hypertension and kidney injury. To test our hypothesis, we used a new transgenic mouse model, Ren1dcre/Sox6fl/fl (Sox6 KO), in which Sox6 is knocked out in renin-expressing cells. We used a modified two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt mouse model to induce RAStenosis and renovascular hypertension. BP was measured using the tail-cuff method. Renin, prorenin, Sox6, and NGAL expressions levels were measured with Western blot, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Creatinine levels were measured using the colorimetric assay. Results Systolic BP was significantly lower in Sox6 KO 2 weeks after RAStenosis compared with Sox6 WT (Ren1dcre/Sox6wt/wt). Renin, prorenin, and NGAL expression levels in the stenosed kidney were lower in Sox6 KO compared with Sox6 WT mice. Furthermore, creatinine clearance was preserved in Sox6 KO compared with Sox6 WT mice. Conclusions Our data indicate that Sox6 controls renal renin and prorenin expression and, as such, has a function in renovascular hypertension induced by RAStenosis. These results point to a novel transcriptional regulatory network controlled by Sox6.
Socio-Demographic Profile of Fatal Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Coimbatore District-A Retrospective Study

Background: Poisoning poses a major public health problem mainly in developing countries. Because ofthe rapid industrialization and advancement in agricultural sector, fatality by poisoning also increases dayby day. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic profile of fatal poisoning in CoimbatoreDistrict. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in Department of Forensic Medicine, CoimbatoreMedical College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu with data obtained from fatal poisoning cases brought forpostmortem examination from January 2016 to December 2016. Identification of specific poisons were donewith chemical examiner’s report. All collected data were analyzed in various possible aspects in the preparedproforma. Results: During the study period the total number of medico legal autopsies conducted were 3675out of which fatal cases due to poisoning were 600(16.33%) cases. The study showed that the incidence ofpoisoning was more common among married men ie.303 cases (50.5%) out of 600 total number of poisoncases. The incidence was more common in the age group 31 – 40 years in males (86 cases) which formed14.3 % and in females it is 21-30 years (65 cases) which formed 10.8%. When we observed the religion wisedistribution, Hindu males out numbered 369 out of 600 cases which formed 61.5%. Conclusion: Morbidityand mortality due to poisoning can be minimized by health education, early referral, establishment oftoxicological units for detection of specific poisons and appropriate guidance for proper management ofpoisoning cases at hospitals and primary health care centers.
SMART: Situationally-Aware Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning-Based Transmissions

In future wireless systems, latency of information needs to be minimized to satisfy the requirements of many mission-critical applications. Meanwhile, not all terminals carry equally-urgent packets given their distinct situations, e.g., status freshness. Leveraging this feature, we propose an on-demand Medium Access Control (MAC) scheme, whereby each terminal transmits with dynamically adjusted aggressiveness based on its situations which are modeled as Markov states. A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) framework is utilized and each agent is trained with a Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) network. A notorious issue for MARL is slow and non-scalable convergence – to address this, a new Situationally-aware MARL-based Transmissions (SMART) scheme is proposed. It is shown that SMART can significantly shorten the convergence time and the converged performance is also dramatically improved compared with state-of-the-art DDPG-based MARL schemes, at the expense of an additional offline training stage. SMART also outperforms conventional MAC schemes significantly, e.g., Carrier Sensing and Multiple Access (CSMA), in terms of average and peak Age of Information (AoI). In addition, SMART also has the advantage of versatility – different Quality-of-Service (QoS) metrics and hence various state space definitions are tested in extensive simulations, where SMART shows robustness and scalability in all considered scenarios.
Titanium dioxide nanomaterials, synthesis, stability and mobility in natural and synthetic porous media

Highly ordered, stable and reproducible TIO\(_2\) NMs were synthesized using different precursors and alcohol mixtures. Various shapes of TIO\(_2\) including spherical NPs with shape factor of 0.9 or more, nanocubes, nanorods and ellipsoids were successfully fabricated. Spherical round anatase and rutile ellipsoids were selected and stabilized with different surfactants including PEG, PVP, sodium citrate and SRFA. Sodium citrate and SRFA proved to be the best stabilizing agents as compared to other surfactants used. The stabilized NMs were tested for their aggression kinetics in the presence of mono and divalent electrolytes (NaNO\(_3\), NaCl, CaN\(_2\)O\(_6\), CaCl\(_2\)). The aggregation kinetic studies showed that rutile ellipsoids behaved well against different mono and divalent cations. The CCC's observed for sodium citrate stabilized NMs were significantly higher than SRFA stabilized NMs, showing that sodium citrate is a better stabilizing agent than SRFA. The SRFA and sodium citrate stabilized NMs were studied for porous media column transport. The mobility of the rutile ellipsoids was greater than spherical anatase. Bare anatase NPs gave no breakthrough and the NPs clogged both the sandstone and glass bead columns; while bare rutile ellipsoids gave nearly 100% breakthrough curves. Only 40% or less NPs were released from sandstone columns. More release of NPs with SRFA flush is also important as it reflects the ultimate fate and behaviour of TiO\(_2\) NPs in natural environment which is rich in humic substances.
Improvement of sago starch extraction process using various pretreatment techniques and their pretreatment combination

Sago starch extracted from the pith of sago palm using a traditional method has a low extraction yield. In this study, an effective extraction method for sago starch production with high extraction yield and acceptable starch quality was investigated using various pretreatment techniques, that is, ultrasonic, microwave, and enzymatic pretreatments, as well as combined pretreatment methods. The sago pith slurry was pretreated before subjecting to the normal process of sago starch extraction. The extracted sago starch was analyzed for extraction yield and physicochemical properties. Sago pith had high starch content of 82.0% (db). The highest extraction yields obtained using ultrasonic, microwave, enzymatic, and combined ultrasonic–enzymatic pretreatment methods were 71.5, 63.7, 71.4, and 72.5%, respectively, while the control method (without pretreatment) provided 61.0% extraction yield. The peak viscosity and color L* value of all extracted sago starches met the requirements of edible sago starch. Concerning the effective pretreatment method in terms of reduced time and energy consumption, while providing high extraction yield and acceptable starch quality, the ultrasonic pretreatment was recommended. The highest yielding ultrasonic pretreatment conditions were found to be 10% w/w sago pith slurry, 160 W power input, and 7 min pretreatment time.
Developmental hypomineralization of the enamel of the first permanent and the second deciduous molars - report of two cases

Introduction. Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect of dental enamel that affects one to all four first permanent molars (FPM) and frequently permanent incisors. Enamel aberrations are observed as demarcated opacities of different colors (from white to brown) and as posteruptive enamel breakdown. Clinically similar pathological signs can also be present in deciduous molars. Case outline. Histology of an FPM and a second deciduous molar was performed after extraction from two unrelated patients with MIH due to inflammatory complications. Tooth samples were analyzed using a stereomicroscope (SM), light microscope (LM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Enamel thickness of both affected teeth was normal. An obvious distinction in enamel microstructure was observed between the normally developed and the molar-incisor hypomineralized enamel with SM, LM, and SEM. Conclusion. In MIH patients, regular dental visits enable early diagnosis of the disease and appropriate treatment of the patient as soon as possible, with included preventive measures.
Effect of Quality of Work Life on Performance: The Role of Satisfaction and Work Discipline

This research aims to study the influence of the Quality of Work Life on Job Performance of Statistic Bureau of Yogyakarta Special Province with Job Satisfaction and Work Discipline as an intervening variable. The data collection is by distributing questionnaires to all Statistic Bureau of Yogyakarta Special Province employees as respondents. The analysis used is descriptive and inferential. The descriptive analysis provides information on the characteristics of useful research data on demographic data. Meanwhile, the inferential study examines the research hypothesis by using Structural Equation Model (SEM) Partial Least Square (PLS) using Smart PLS 3 software. Seventy-six employees of the Statistics Bureau of Yogyakarta Special Province could be as many as 74 respondents because one person is Task Learning. One more person has to move the region assignments. The results showed a significant positive effect of Quality of Work Life on employees' Job Satisfaction and Work Discipline. However, it turns out that the impact of job satisfaction on employee performance is not significant. The influence of Work Discipline on Performance is significantly positive. Thus Work Discipline is an intervening variable on the effect of Quality of Work Life on Performance. Job Satisfaction is not an intervening variable on the impact of Quality of Work Life on employee performance.
Effect of Non-genetic Factors on Production Traits of for HF × GIR Halfbreds

Increased pressure for intensified milk production and simultaneous rise in environmental temperature due to global warming has increased the thermal load on dairy animals. Elevated environmental temperature combined with high humidity causes discomfort and escalates the stress level in animals which is reflected in terms of reduced physiological and metabolic activities that results in reduced growth, drop in production and reproduction in farm animals. Heat stress is one of the most vital environmental stressor that has negative impact on milk yield, milk composition (fat%, SNF%, protein % etc). Construction of Temperature Humidity Index (THI) by combining several climatological parameters like dry bulb, wet bulb temperature along with relative humidity to quantify the thermal stress is one of the best methods to assess heat stress on animals. Several research workers have reported that there exists a threshold THI value, above which the negative effects of heat stress is observed on animals. Mitigation strategies to combat heat stress includes selection of heat tolerant animals and their International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Sensory Processing Disorder and Its Effect on Children's Skills and Development in Autism Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disabilities: A Review Article

Introduction: Sensory processing is an important stage in performance during which the organization and interpretation of received messages is done, and finally the final decision is made. Development in an efficient sensory-perceptual-motor processing system plays an essential role in the successful execution of a task and learning, and a defect in skills may be related to one of the sensory systems and lead to functional problems. The aim of this study was to review the studies related to Sensory Processing Disorder in autism disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities. Methods and Materials: Using keywords (sensory processing disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Learning Disability), articles were searched in Elsevier, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases between 2000 and 2020. Results: According to an inclusion and exclusion criterion, 41 articles focusing on sensory processing disorder in autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder and learning disorder were examined. This disorder is caused by damage to areas of the brain, including the white matter, and Sensory Modulation Disorder (SMD (is the most common type. In these people, usually, skills deficits make it difficult for the child to play the role, and the most common interventions among them are based on sensory integration. Conclusion: Among the four groups, sensory processing disorder is very common and can be the cause of many problems in their perceptual, motor, behavioral and academic skills.
Marine or freshwater? Accessing the paleoenvironmental parameters of the Caldas Bed, a key marker bed in the Crato Formation (Araripe Basin, NE Brazil)

The Aptian Crato Formation is world renowned for its well-preserved fossils in microbially-induced laminated limestones, which are regarded as one of the main Cretaceous Konservat-Lagerstätte of the geological record. Detailed stratigraphic investigation and mapping of the up to 90-m-thick Crato Formation at the eastern border of the Araripe Plateau allowed recognition of a regionally persistent fossil-bearing muddy interval, herein defined as the Caldas Bed. At its type locality, it is defined as an up to 2-m-thick coarsening-upward succession of grey/green mudstone and interbedded sandy siltstone and claystone. The 0.85- to 2-m-thick interval was recognized in several localities along the outcrop belt, and it is bounded by sharp, lower ( Konservat-Lagerstätte limestone) and upper (sandstone and heterolithic facies) contacts. Despite previous literature data suggesting the presence of marine mollusks, the bed contains freshwater bivalves, small gastropods, spinicaudatans, plant remains, trace fossils, and rare ostracods. The Caldas Bed records benthic paleocommunities representing a short-term isochronous regional freshening event, marked by abrupt changes in sedimentation pattern, bathymetry, salinity, oxygenation and water
Forced Unsteady State Operation of a Catalytic Converter during Cold Start-up for Oxidizing CO Over Pt/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

CO oxidation in the catalytic converter hasn’t showed best performance particularly during cold start-up, since the catalyst is not active during this period. The purpose of this experiment was to develop the forced unsteady state operation procedure of CO oxidation using 0.05%-w Pt/γ-Al2O3 and space velocity of 0.406 mmol/s/gram. The catalytic converter was gradually ramped-up, while introducing the feed gas containing CO in the air. The feed gas was modulated following a square wave model with switching time variation at 3, 6, 15, and 30 s and various operation modes. To gain the intrinsic reaction rate, the external mass transfer criterion was determined. Ramping-up the temperature from 50 until 150°C increased the CO conversion with different profiles between steady state and dynamic flow rate. The dynamic system with modulated CO feed flow gave lower light-off temperature and higher average CO conversion than the steady state system which gave light off temperature 115°C and average CO conversion of 48.86%. The switching time of 3 s gave highest average CO conversion during ramping-up, which was 79.35%. Meanwhile the dynamic operation system with modulated feed flow gave higher lightoff temperature and lower average CO conversion than steady state system.
Habitat-Diversity Relations between Sessile Macrobenthos and Benthic Copepods in the Rocky Shores of a Marine Protected Area

In rocky shore systems, sessile macrobenthic assemblages may act as “ecosystem engineers” for many smaller benthic organisms. Thus, the influence of macrobenthic coverage on the diversity and assemblage structure of the harpacticoid copepod fauna was investigated in the rocky shores of a Marine Protect Area (MPA) in the Ligurian Sea (NW, Mediterranean Sea). Two sampling sites were investigated in two seasons at three different depths on both sub-vertical and inclined reefs. A total of 61 species of copepods mainly represented by Miraciidae, Laophontidae, Longipediidae and Thalestridae were found. The complex micro-topography of these substrata provided a wide variety of niches for many species with different lifestyles that suggests the important role of rocky shores to ensure the functioning of coastal ecosystems. The harpacticoid assemblage structure seemed mainly influenced by season and depth. The temporal spread observed is likely one of the underlying mechanisms of niche segregation that allows many species to co-occur in this specific environment along with a subordinate spatial segregation corresponding to the depth gradient. The results seem to support the hypothesis that the different species composition of the “ecosystem engineer” (and consequently its structure changes) are relevant in structuring the copepod assemblages. The comparison with previous data on general meiofauna underlines that higher surrogacy of the taxonomic identification could be used to study rocky shore communities, but the rich diversity that these systems host can only be understood at the lower taxonomic levels. The same holds for future evaluations of impact of environmental changes (including MPA regulations) on meiofaunal assemblages.