Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Inflation Expectations Matter for Small, Open Economies? Empirical Evidence from the Solomon Islands

This paper examines the role of inflation expectations in Solomon Islands, a Pacific Island Country, using the Hybrid New Keynesian Phillips Curve model. The study applies the Generalized Method of Moments to estimate the Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve model using quarterly time series data for the period 2003–2017. The study confirms the existence of a Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve for Solomon Islands and finds that both backward-looking and forward-looking processes matter for inflation. Fuel prices and output gap are important indicators of current inflation. The study highlights key areas to further investigate including the weak monetary transmission mechanism and to examine the exchange rate pass through effect onto domestic prices. Studies on the role of inflation expectations in small, open, economies of the Pacific, such as Solomon Islands, is limited. This paper fills this void in literature by using quarterly time-series data to build a Hybrid New Keynesian Philips Curve model for Solomon Islands.
The Practicality of Physics Teaching Materials Based on the Wetland Environment

Banjarmasin city environment is one of the environments with potential wetlands that can be used as a source of learning in the subject of fluid physics so that the development of teaching materials based on the wetland environment is deemed necessary to be developed. This study aims to describe the practicality of fluid physics teaching materials based on wetland environments. This research is a research and development, in which the researcher has developed a teaching materials with a valid category and will then see the practicality of the tool after field testing. The research instruments used is in the form of the lesson plan implementation sheet and student response questionnaire. The developed teaching materials are assessed for practicality through observation of the implementation of the lesson plan and through filling out the student response questionnaire. The results of the analysis showed that 1) the implementation of the lesson plan received a score of 3.13 in the practical category and the results of the student questionnaire received a score of 3.19 in the practical category. It can be concluded that the fluid physics teaching materials based on the wetland environment is categorized as practical, so it could be used for the next development stage.
Subjective wellbeing in a sample of South African, Xhosa people with schizophrenia

Background: Subjective well-being when on neuroleptic treatment (SWBN), has been established as a good predictor of adherence, early response, and prognosis in patients with schizophrenia(1, 2). The 20-item subjective well-being under neuroleptic treatment scale (SWN-K 20) is a self-rating scale that has been validated to measure SWBN(3). However, the SWN-K20 has not been previously used in a Lowand Middle-income country (LMIC). Aims and Objectives: This study explored the psychometric properties of SWN-K20 in a sample of Xhosa speaking African patients with schizophrenia and investigated factors associated with SWBN in this population. Methods: As a part of a large genetic study, 244 study participants with a confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia completed the translated SWN-K 20 scale. Internal consistency analysis was performed, and convergent analysis and exploratory analysis were conducted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Linear regression methods were used to determine predictors of SWBN in the sample population. Results: The PCA extracted four components, which cumulatively explained 52.21% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the SWN-K 20 was 0.86, and those of the sub-scales ranged between 0.47 and 0.59. The total scores of the SWN-K 20 demonstrated moderate correlation r= 0.44 with GAF scores. The sub-scale scores had lower correlations ranging between r=. 41 and r=. 30 with the GAF scores. The total scores on SWN-K20 scale were used to explore factors influencing SWBN. There was a significant correlation between overall subjective well-being score with a higher education level, increased illness severity, and GAF scores. Discussion and Conclusion: The isiXhosa version of the SWN-20 scale can be used for clinical and research purposes in LMICs, but predictors of SWBN in this population differed from those previously established in (high-income countries) HICs. The individual sub-scales of the SWN-K20 were less reliable when translated into isiXhosa, and hence the sub-scales were not a meaningful measure of specific domains of wellbeing. These findings merit evaluation to determine whether cultural and linguistic specific subscales might provide further insight and recommendations for use in the South African context. t.
Survey on the existing poultry feed, health technologies and ethno vet practices in Sheka, Bench Maji and Mejenger zones of south western Ethiopia

The study was conducted in Sheka, Bench Maji and Mejenger zones of south western part of the country to assess the challenges on existing feeds, poultry health technologies and ethno-vet practices and farmers’ trend on ethno-vet practices in the study area. Districts and respondents were randomly selected based on the potentiality of the areas and farmers experience. In the study area, a total of 140 households were selected. The questionnaire was developed; selected respondents were interviewed at their farm gate. According to this study, about 35.7% were kept their chicken sharing family house, of which 56%, 39% of the respondents managed the chicken by all family member and women, respectively. The major feed supplements for their chicken in the study area were maize (93%), household scraps (79%) and sorghum (66%). About 45.6% of the respondents were lost their chicken all in all due to the disease out breaks mostly during summer season. The main disease in the study area was gunfan (respiratory disease), Fengil (Newcastle), kinkin (penduculosis) and infectious coryza. To treat the infected disease, 32.4% of the respondents were applying traditional medicine while 52.9% of them were visit vet clinic. In the study area, the main traditional medicine (Plants) were Lemon juice, hot pepper (capsicum frutescens), coffee leaf, tobacco leaf (Nicotianatabacum L.), garlic (Allium sativum) and Moringa leaf (Moringaoliefera). In addition to these plants, in the study area, ash and ‘arakie’ (alcohol) were also used as a medicine for their chicken.
69-91 Abdul Razak Abdul Hadi.pmd

This study is pursued with the objective of examining the effect of changes in crude oil price on the share prices of public listed companies on Bursa Malaysia and the Jakarta Stock Exchange as proxied by the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI) and Jakarta Composite Index (JCI), respectively. The study employs the Engle-Granger Cointegration test and Error Correction Modelling (ECM). Using time series data from January 1986 through December 2006, this study finds a significant long-term relationship between the movement of crude oil price and the performance of the two stock markets. The two observed variables in both stock markets are also found to be positively correlated. The test results from Impulse Response Function and Variance Decomposition show the presence of a dynamic interaction between the movement in crude oil prices and the two stock market indices.
Analysis of Variables that Affect Tax Avoidance in Banking Sector Companies in Southeast Asia

* Corresponding author, Email: 12014310016@students.perbanas. ac.id, 2 2014310016@students.perbanas. ac.id ABSTRACT Tax is one of the largest revenues the state has and it is compulsory for both citizens and companies to pay to the state. The collected funds are used by the state to build state infrastructure and others. However, not all individuals or companies are willing to pay tax voluntarily. Some taxpayers even carry out tax avoidance. There are many factors that may affect tax avoidance practices, such as institutional ownership, gender diversity on board of directors, audit committee, and fi rm size. This study aims to determine the effect of institutional ownership, gender diversity on board of directors, audit committee and fi rm size on tax avoidance by using current effective tax rate approach and SPSS test tool version 22. The sample consists of 568 banking sector companies in Southeast Asia and they are listed on Orbis that publish fi nancial statements in English, gain profi t, and pay taxes in the research period. Based on the research results, it is found that institutional ownership has a signifi cant effect on tax avoidance. Likewise, audit committee and fi rm size also have a signifi cant effect on tax avoidance. However, gender diversity on board of directors has no signifi cant effect on tax avoidance.
Detection of Cancer Stem Cells in the Most Common Head and Neck Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Using CD34: in Vitro Study

Background.Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas(NHL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies of the immune system;diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma are among its most common subtypes. Recently, it is widely believed that cancer stem cells play critical roles in the initiation, metastasis, and relapse of cancers. However, no sufficient data supported the presence of cancer stem cells in NHL of the head and neck. Purpose. To detect cancer stem cellsin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma using immunohistochemical expression CD34, a widely used marker for identification and detection of hematopoietic stem cells. Methodology.The present work was performed on archival paraffin blocks of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma. The mean count and mean area of the positive CD34 cells were assessed by the image analyzer computer system using the software Leica Qwin 500. Results.The results showed positive CD34 immunoreaction in 90% of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cases, and 70%of the Burkitt’s lymphoma cases, denoting presence of cancer stem cells in both tumors. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showed significantly higher mean count and mean area of positive CD34 cells than those of Burkitt’s lymphoma. Conclusion.Cancer stem cells are present in both diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma and may be a common origin of these lesions. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma may be more aggressive than Burkitt’s lymphoma. The level of cancer stem cells may be a valuable prognostic tool which is directly proportional with more aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.CD34 is a valuable cancer stem cell marker in diffuse large Bcell lymphoma and Burkitt’s lymphomaand can be used as prognostic marker in these lesions.
Genotype by Environment Interaction Analysis of Arabica Coffee Bean Yield

Arabica Coffee is the most important and backbone of Ethiopian economy, which accounts for an average 60% of export earnings. Coffee is a perennial crop which can be harvested multiple times of years, and it is known to be affected with a characteristic biennial, which is more pronounced in the species Arabica coffee. The immediate objective of this study was to assess its Genotype by Environment interaction (GEI). The data for this study came from coffee variety field trials conducted by Jimma Agricultural Research Center (JARC) over 7 years during 2005-2011 in south west Ethiopia across 3 coffee growing areas (Jimma, Agaro, and Metu). The experimental design of the trial was RCBD with 4 replications and 17 Arabica coffee genotypes. Combined ANOVA and AMMI model were used for GEI analysis. All analyses were done with the help of R statistical package. The combined analysis of variance revealed that the genotype, environment, and GEI effects are highly significant (Pvalues<0.001). GEI accounted for 16.2% of the total sum of squares and was about 2 times larger than that of genotypes. The AMMI procedure revealed that AMMI-5 was the best truncated AMMI model that can sufficiently explain the information contained in GEI. The first three interaction principal components (IPC1, IPC2 and IPC3) retained by Gollob’s F-test for graphical display accounted for 64.2% of GEI. The major factor that influence yield performance of Arabica coffee in Ethiopia is the environment, and among 17 Arabica coffee genotypes, G1, G2, G3, G7, G8, G9 and G12 have the best performance with G1, G2, G3, G8 and G12 being relatively stable across the test environments. It was recommended to use information from GEI analysis to investigate yield performance of Arabica coffee genotypes across environment.
Comparative Evaluation of Awareness of Tooth Supported and Implant Supported Prosthesis among Nalgonda Population

Statement of problem: The choice to replace missing teeth among patients suffering from an edentulous condition is always preferred with a fixed treatment option. The two major options among the fixed prosthetic treatment are tooth supported prosthesis and implant supported prosthesis. There has always been a need to assess the level of awareness and understanding about both the options of fixed prosthetic treatment among the rural group of Nalgonda population. Aim and objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the awareness, expectations level of knowledge among the dental patients regarding fixed treatment options to replace missing teeth. Material and Methodology: 153 patients Indian adults referred to Kamineni institute of dental sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda district, Telangana state, India were presented with a questionnaire including 13 questions regarding level of information and awareness about fixed treatment options. The data were collected and statistically analysed with Chi-square test. Results: Among 153 patients almost 99% of the screened study group were aware that missing teeth could be replaced by fixed treatment options. Out of which, 60% of the information regarding tooth and implant supported denture were received from doctors, 15% from friends, 14% from media and 11% from family. Knowledge related to the validity for both the types of treatment options, 27% and 50% were unaware of tooth supported and implant supported prosthesis respectively. Further, the opinion for restoring the missing teeth, 90% of the population felt the necessity for replacing the missing teeth whereas 10% were not interested to restore the missing teeth. Conclusion: The general awareness level of fixed prosthesis are satisfactory and however there is need for more awareness to know the validity , advantages, disadvantages and effectiveness of each fixed treatment options when compared with each other.
HMU Fluorinze Mouthwash Enhances Enamel Remineralization: An In Vitro Study

BACKGROUND: Fluoride therapy has long been used extensively to prevent dental caries. Fluoride appears in a variety of dental care products such as mouth rinses, dentifrices, gels, etc. HMU Fluorinze is the first mouthwash containing fluoride in Vietnam. AIM: This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of HMU Fluorinze mouthwash on remineralizing enamel in laboratory conditions. METHODS: 20 third molar teeth were cleaned and covered with nail polish, except for a 3 x 3 mm square on their buccal surfaces. These teeth underwent two steps: demineralization using Coca-cola and remineralization for 20 daysusing standard calcifying solution (control group) and standard calcifying solution + HMU Fluorinze mouthwash 2 times/day (experimental group). The index measured of enamel structure after demineralization and remineralization was assessed by a DIAGNOdent pen 2190. RESULTS The indices measured of the control group and experimental group at baseline were 3.65 ± 0.76 and 3.35 ± 0.64 respectively. After demineralization the control group measured 21.78 ± 4.48 and the experimental group, 20.25 ± 2.26. Following remineralization, the control group scores were 6.30 ± 1.03 and the experimental group, 3.90 ± 1.24, demonstrating statistical significance (p < 0.01) between the two groups. After 20 days, the results for the experimental group did not differ from the original results (p = 0.272), in contrast with the control group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Results show that HMU Fluorinze mouthwash is better at remineralizing than standard calcifying solution.
Perspectives of Parents on Challenges Faced in Monitoring Academic Progress of Learners with Hearing Impairments in Kenya: A Case of a Special Secondary School in Kakamega County

DOI: 10.21276/sjahss.2018. 6.1. 19 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the perspectives of parents on challenges of monitoring the academic progress of learners with hearing impairments in Kenya. This study adopted a qualitative research approach using a case study research design. The study used purposive and saturated sampling techniques to select a sample of 44 informants and collected data by use of interview schedules, focus group discussion guides and document analysis guides. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis technique as proposed by Braun and Clarke [1]. The study found out that parents held that academic counseling served no purpose, tuition at home and visitations too costly in terms of time and money. The study concluded that most parents did not prioritize monitoring of their children’s progress. The findings of this study may be useful to teachers and education stakeholders in understanding the perspectives parents have on monitoring academic progress of learners with hearing impairments.
1 1 Oceanic and atmospheric methane cycling in the cGENIE Earth system model 2 3

1 Oceanic and atmospheric methane cycling in the cGENIE Earth system model 2 3 Christopher T. Reinhard1,2,3*, Stephanie L. Olson2,4,5, Sandra Kirtland Turner6, Cecily Pälike7, Yoshiki Kanzaki6, 4 Andy Ridgwell6 5 6 1School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 7 2NASA Astrobiology Institute, Alternative Earths Team, Riverside, CA 8 3NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) Upside-Down Biospheres Team, Georgia Institute of 9 Technology, Atlanta, GA 10 4Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 11 5Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 12 6Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 13 7MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany 14 15 *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: chris.reinhard@eas.gatech. edu 16 17 Abstract: The methane (CH4) cycle is a key component of the Earth system that links 18 planetary climate, biological metabolism, and the global biogeochemical cycles of carbon, 19 oxygen, sulfur, and hydrogen. However, currently lacking is a numerical model capable of 20 simulating a diversity of environments in the ocean where CH4 can be produced and 21 destroyed, and with the flexibility to be able to explore not only relatively recent 22 perturbations to Earth’s CH4 cycle but also to probe CH4 cycling and associated climate 23 impacts under the very low-O2 conditions characteristic of most of Earth history and likely 24 widespread on other Earth-like planets. Here, we present a refinement and expansion of the 25 ocean-atmosphere CH4 cycle in the intermediate-complexity Earth system model cGENIE, 26 including parameterized atmospheric O2-O3-CH4 photochemistry and schemes for microbial 27 methanogenesis, aerobic methanotrophy, and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). We 28 describe the model framework, compare model parameterizations against modern 29 observations, and illustrate the flexibility of the model through a series of example 30 simulations. Though we make no attempt to rigorously tune default model parameters, we 31 find that simulated atmospheric CH4 levels and marine dissolved CH4 distributions are 32 generally in good agreement with empirical constraints for the modern and recent Earth. 33 Finally, we illustrate the model’s utility in understanding the time-dependent behavior of the 34 CH4 cycle resulting from transient carbon injection into the atmosphere, and present model 35 ensembles that examine the effects of atmospheric pO2, oceanic dissolved SO42-, and the 36 thermodynamics of microbial metabolism on steady-state atmospheric CH4 abundance. 37 Future model developments will address the sources and sinks of CH4 associated with the 38 terrestrial biosphere and marine CH4 gas hydrates, both of which will be essential for 39 comprehensive treatment of Earth’s CH4 cycle during geologically recent time periods. 40 41
From fibrous plant residues to mineral-associated organic carbon – the fate of organic matter in Arctic permafrost soils

Abstract. Permafrost-affected soils of the Arctic account for 70 % or 727 Pg of the soil organic carbon (C) stored in the northern circumpolar permafrost region and therefore play a major role in the global C cycle. Most studies on the budgeting of C storage and the quality of soil organic matter (OM; SOM) in the northern circumpolar region focus on bulk soils. Thus, although there is a plethora of assumptions regarding differences in terms of C turnover or stability, little knowledge is available on the mechanisms stabilizing organic C in Arctic soils besides impaired decomposition due to low temperatures. To gain such knowledge, we investigated soils from Samoylov Island in the Lena River delta with respect to the composition and distribution of organic C among differently stabilized SOM fractions. The soils were fractionated according to density and particle size to obtain differently stabilized SOM fractions differing in chemical composition and thus bioavailability. To better understand the chemical alterations from plant-derived organic particles in these soils rich in fibrous plant residues to mineral-associated SOM, we analyzed the elemental, isotopic and chemical composition of particulate OM (POM) and clay-sized mineral-associated OM (MAOM). We demonstrate that the SOM fractions that contribute with about 17 kg C m−3 for more than 60 % of the C stock are highly bioavailable and that most of this labile C can be assumed to be prone to mineralization under warming conditions. Thus, the amount of relatively stable, small occluded POM and clay-sized MAOM that currently accounts with about 10 kg C m−3 for about 40 % of the C stock will most probably be crucial for the quantity of C protected from mineralization in these Arctic soils in a warmer future. Using δ15N as a proxy for nitrogen (N) balances indicated an important role of N inputs by biological N fixation, while gaseous N losses appeared less important. However, this could change, as with about 0.4 kg N m−3 one third of the N is present in bioavailable SOM fractions, which could lead to increases in mineral N cycling and associated N losses under global warming. Our results highlight the vulnerability of SOM in Arctic permafrost-affected soils under rising temperatures, potentially leading to unparalleled greenhouse gas emissions from these soils.
EL APRENDIZAJE DE LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y LAS DIFERENCIAS BASADAS EN EL GÉNERO EN AICLE. UN ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR

This article shows the preliminary results of a longitudinal study that aims to (i) determine the impact of bilingual education on the acquisition of contents related to social sciences, and (ii) its effect on the reduction of gender-based achievement differences. To this end, the results of students in the 4th year of primary education (n = 119) of one bilingual and one non-bilingual school located in an urban area were compared. It was guaranteed that the groups were homogeneous in terms of socio-economic level, that they had received a similar teaching methodology and same amount of social science teaching hours (3 hours a week). The results showed (i) the students who received the subject of social sciences in English had acquired knowledge in a similar manner to those who had received it in their mother tongue and (ii) the bilingual education levelled the gender differences observed in the non-bilingual school in favour of males.