Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can India's future needs of electricity be met by renewable energy sources? A revised assessment.

In earlier papers, an attempt was made to assess if renewable energy sources alone could meet India’s future needs of electricity. With the information available then, it was concluded that this was not possible. However, over the last year, many papers/comments have been published on the subject matter and new research findings have also become available regarding the high potential of wind energy. It has therefore become necessary to make a revised assessment. India will need 3,128 TWh/yr of electrical energy in the future if it adopts a frugal policy for energy use. The present study shows that this annual need may be met through renewable energy sources alone in the form of solar power (photovoltaic and thermal), wind power and hydroelectric power. The study also points out that because of the intermittent nature of solar and wind power, there is a serious mismatch between the diurnal variation of the electricity generated by renewable sources and the diurnal variation of the demand for electricity. Many difficult technical challenges concerning transmission, distribution, control and storage of energy will have to be overcome in order to remove the mismatch. Only then will it be possible to supply power generated by renewable energy sources to match the electricity demand on a round-the-clock basis.
A new method for recording mastication during eating and ruminating in sheep

A new method for recording jaw movements (JM) oscillations (JMO) in sheep is described. The principle used to record JMO is the changing position of the magnetic fi eld from a magnet relative to a small Hall sensor, when both were positioned in a soft tube surrounding the mouth. The signal was sampled at 20 Hz by a logger hanged in a wheel joint allowing the sheep to move around freely in a small pen. The individual JM were identifi ed and clustered into cycles. Recorded JMO, JM and cycles are presented from an ewe eating and ruminating grass silage.
Summer Habitat Use by Ruffed Grouse With Broods in Central Pennsylvania

-We radio-tagged and monitored adult female Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) with broods to evaluate effects of habitat management on home-range size and patterns of habitat use. Experimental habitat management consisted of short-rotation clearcutting of 1ha forest patches to create various-aged forest stands of mixed oak (Quercus spp.) and aspen (Populus tremuloides, P gradidentata)/scrub oak (Q. Ilicifolia, Q. prinoides). Home range size was not significantly different between grouse occupying managed and an adjacent unmanaged forest. Female grouse with broods selected mixed oak/scrub oak habitats and avoided herbaceous areas, recent clearcuts, and pitch pine (Pinus rigida) /scrub oak habitats throughout the study area. On the managed area, grouse selected 10-yr-old clearcut patches in mixed oak and aspen/scrub oak. Sites used by grouse had higher densities of woody stems 2.5-7.5cm dbh, greater % cover of live vegetation at 0-2 m, and were closer to edges and openings than random sites. Habitat management practices positively affected one microhabitat component, distance to nearest edge, that was selected by female grouse with broods. USO DE HABITAT VERANIEGO EN LA PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL POR BONASA
Le calcium de la baie de raisin : relation entre la cohésion des parois cellulaires et la sensibilité à botrytis cinerea

Le calcium joue un role important dans le tissu vegetal, notamment au cours de la maturation des fruits. L'augmentation de la teneur en calcium du milieu de culture se traduit par l'enrichissement en calcium des parois et du contenu des cellules isolees de Vitis vinifera. En consequence l'activite metabolique est stimulee et la resistance des parois cellulaires a la digestion enzymatique est augmentee. In vivo, l'accumulation de calcium dans la baie de raisin s'arrete aux environs de la veraison, periode a partir de laquelle le raisin s'enrichit en potassium et en magnesium. Ces deux derniers cations sont principalement localises a l'interieur des cellules de la pulpe alors que dans le fruit mur, le calcium est essentiellement pelliculaire ; sa distribution dans ce tissu varie selon le cepage et les conditions climatiques. La cohesion des parois cellulaires a ete mesuree par l'etude du rapport equivalents Ca2+/equivalents acide de la fraction pectique solubilisee par un chelatant. Elle est en etroite relation avec la resistance a la digestion enzymatique. Nous avons verifie que Botrytis cinerea assimile le calcium et que cette assimilation reduit de facon importante son pouvoir infectieux. L'enrichissement en calcium d'un tissu vegetal peut donc d'une part maintenir la cohesion des parois cellulaires, d'autre part attenuer la virulence du parasite lors de l'infection. Des essais de pulverisations de calcium sur le raisin au vignoble appuient ces hypotheses mais ils devront etre realises a plus grande echelle.
Structural and functional characterisation of neuronal Gq protein coupled receptors.

Both G protein coupled receptor 10 (GPR10) and the muscarinic IVh receptor are members of family A of the G protein coupled receptor superfamily. GPR10 is the human orthologue of a former orphan receptor for which prolactin releasing peptides (PrRP) have been identified as the cognate ligands. In contrast, the N/h receptor represents a well-established receptor for which up until the discovery of AC-42 (4-(4-butyl-1-piperidinyl)-1-(2-methylphenyl)-1-butanone) it has been difficult to identify a selective agonist. Little is known of the pharmacology of PrRPs and AC-42 at GPR10 and the human Mi (hMi) receptor, respectively. Similarly, the molecular nature of their respective binding sites is as yet unknown. In the studies in this thesis, the interaction of PrRPs with GPR10 and of AC-42 (and other ectopic agonists) with the hMi receptor have been extensively characterised using a range of pharmacological techniques in both recombinant cell lines stably and transiently expressing the receptor(s) of interest and native tissue preparations. Furthermore, the molecular interactions between ligand and receptor have been probed using homology modelling, site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) and pharmacological evaluation. The results generated reveal that PrRPs are high affinity, potent agonists at GPR10 that cause the receptor to activate effector systems that are known to couple to Gq/n proteins. Radioligand binding studies suggest both high and low affinity sites for binding. In addition, homology modelling and SDM have been used to reveal key interactions of the C-terminal region of PrRP with transmembrane domain (TM) 6 (D302) and TM7 (Q317) and extracellular loop (ECL) 2 (E213). Selective activation of the Mi receptor can be achieved using AC-42 and other novel ligands. Using functional calcium mobilisation assays, inositol phosphate assays and radioligand binding studies it has been possible to demonstrate that this class of compounds interacts with the receptor in an allosteric manner. SDM studies also suggest that residues distinct from the orthosteric binding site form part of the binding site for AC-42 and related compounds. These studies provide the first extensive pharmacological analysis characterising the interaction of PrRP and GPR10 and identify the signal transduction cascade activated by this former orphan receptor. Furthermore, SDM studies have partly elucidated the molecular nature of the PrRP binding site. Both pharmacological and SDM based examination of the muscarinic Mi receptor have revealed a unique allosteric method of activation by AC-42 and a novel class of allosteric agonists.
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by Some Strains of Arthrobacter Genera

The synthesis of gold nanoparticles by two novel strains of Arthrobacter sp. 61B and Arthrobacter globiformis 151B isolated from basalt rocks in Georgia was studied. The complex of optical and analytical methods was applied for investigation of experimental samples after exposure to gold chloroaurate (HAuCl4) for different time intervals. To characterize formed gold nanoparticles UV-Vis spectrometry, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used. It was shown that after 1.5-2 days the extracellular formation of nanoparticles of spherical form with size in the range of 8-40 nm (on average of 20 nm) took place. To determine gold concentrations in the bacterial biomass neutron activation analysis (NAA) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) were applied. The results obtained evidence that the concentration of gold accumulated by bacterial biomass is rapidly growing in the beginning followed by an insignificant increase during the next few days.
Differential responses of various amino acid based growth substances on biochemical estimations, yield and yield components of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill).

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) belongs to family Fabaceae is one of the most important protein and oilseed crops throughout the world. Its oil is the largest component of the world's edible oils. It is native of China. It has emerged as one of the important commercial crops in many countries. Soybean is also known as the “Golden bean” or “Miracle crop” because of its multiple uses. Higher seed yield of any crop can be achieved only through proper combinations of a cultivar, environment and agronomic practices. The basic component of living cells is proteins, with building block material, Amino acids. Studies have proved that Amino acids can directly or indirectly influence the physiological activities of the plant. In present study field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm Adhartal, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) during Kharif season of 2015-2016. The experiment was laid out in RBD with thirteen replications. Sampling for growth analysis was done at the fixed intervals of 15 days from 20 days after sowing onwards till harvest. Five plants were randomly selected from each treatment and replications for growth analysis and biochemical estimations were carried out at maturity stage . Result revealed that treated soybean possessed higher number of seeds/plant (95.66), seed index (7.70 g), which in turn had reflected in highest seed yield (11.06 g/plant and 1317 kg/ha). Treated plants were registered highest biological yield performance (23.37 g/plant) and (3008.59 kg/ha) resultant of comparatively higher magnitudes of physiological parameters. Treated plants also possessed higher protein (%) (38.40), carbohydrate (%) (28.27), fibre (%) (4.13) and fat (%) (18.71).
Population Structure and Morphometrics of the European Pond Turtle ( Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758)) at Lake Tonga, Algeria

A total of 100 specimens of Emys orbicularis were collected and marked at Lake Tonga (northeastern of Algeria) during 3 consecutive years (2013, 2014, 2015). Most of the turtles inhabit a canal where they remain throughout the whole activity season (March to October) and where they overwinter as well. Carapace Length (CL) and body weight (BW) were measured for each individual of E. orbicularis . The size of the turtles of our population was more similar to those of northern European populations than to the Mediterranean populations; females were significantly larger than the Spanish and Italian populations. The population size was calculated as 108.50 and the density as 8.63 turtles/ha. From 6.52 to 12.77% of the population were juveniles. The adult sex ratio was slightly in favor of males (males:females = 1.12, P < 0.005).
Site Index, Growth, and Foliar Chemical Composition Relationships in Western Hemlock

Site index, growth, and foliar contents of the essential macro- and microelements, AI, and the chlorophylls of 20- to 30 -year-old western hemlock (Tsliga heterophylla) trees were examined during the winter in eight natural stands in both the coastal and Cascade zones of western Washington and northwest Oregon. Site index at 50 years ranged from 22 to 39 m. Terminal growth and needle concentrations of most nutrients and the chlorophylls varied among the eight sites and the two zones. Site index was correlated positively ,with terminal growth, total N, chlorophyll 'a', total chlorophyll, and Fe, and negatively with Mn and sulfate-S. Also, total N was correlated with both chlorophyll 'a' and total chlorophyll . Results suggest that lower foliar concentrations of some important nutrients on some coastal sites may be factors in the reported general lack of success with N fertilizers in the coastal hemlock forests. Site productivity for western hemlock may be improved by cultural treatments that would enhance N, chlorophyll, and Fe contents of the needles. Levels of one or more of these components may be useful as indicators to assess site quality for hemlock production . In addition, chlorophyll may be used as a simple means to estimate N status of hemlock trees . FOREST SCI. 26:283-290.
Evidence against a direct role of the integrin α2β1 in collagen‐induced tyrosine phosphorylation in human platelets

In the present study we have investigated whether the collagen receptor alpha2beta1 (GPIa-IIa; GP, glycoprotein) regulates protein tyrosine phosphorylation in platelets directly through activation of tyrosine kinases or indirectly through modification of the response to GPVI. The interaction of collagen with alpha2beta1 was inhibited in two distinct ways, using the metalloprotease jararhagin, which cleaves the beta1 subunit, or the antibody P1E6 which competes with binding of collagen to the integrin. The two inhibitors caused a shift to the right in the collagen concentration response curves for protein tyrosine phosphorylation and platelet activation consistent with a causal relationship between the two events. There was no change in the overall pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation in response to high concentrations of collagen in the presence of alpha2beta1 blockade demonstrating that the integrin is not required for this event. In contrast, jararhagin and P1E6 had a small, almost negligible inhibitory effect against responses to the GPVI-selective agonist collagen-related peptide (CRP) and the G protein-coupled receptor agonist thrombin. Crosslinking of alpha2beta1 in solution or by adhesion to a monolayer using a variety of antibodies to either subunit of the integrin did not induce detectable protein tyrosine phosphorylation in whole cell lysates. The snake venom toxin trimucytin-stimulated a similar pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation to that induced by crosslinking of GPVI which was maintained in the presence of jararhagin. Trimucytin may therefore induce activation via GPVI rather than alpha2beta1 as previously thought. These observations show that the integrin alpha2beta1 is not required for regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation by collagen.
Toward distinguishing Homo neanderthalensis from Homo sapiens, and vice versa

Here, we 1) point out that one of the major features used to distinguish Neanderthals from modern humans (the prominence of the occipitomastoid crest) is not valid, 2) provide comparative data indicating that Homo sapiens (not Neanderthals) possesses the derived character states of the vaginal and styloid processes, 3) demonstrate that Neanderthals have a novel configuration of the anterior squamosal, while H. sapiens is autapomorphic in lacking distinction between infratemporal and temporal fossae, and 4) argue that synapomorphy between Neanderthals and H. sapiens exists in the presence in juveniles of a prominent, domed arcuate eminence. The nature of similarity and difference between mid-late Pleistocene and recent hominids still needs clarification.
Influence of age on blood biochemical profile of obese dogs

Fifteen obese Labrador dogs of more than 3 years age of either sex, brought to Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital are selected and are grouped according to their age groups, viz., 3-5 years, 5-8 years and above 8 years. After physical examination, blood samples were collected and analysed for the biochemical parameters including glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, BUN, creatinine, total protein, albumin and globulin. Compared with the established reference range, the results of the study revealed that the normal concentration of biochemical parameters including glucose, BUN, creatinine, albumin and ALT within the normal range. But the concentrations of cholesterol and globulin were gradually increased in obese animals as age advances. Aging had also increased serum total protein and decreased serum albumin gradually. The other parameters were not affected due to aging in obese dogs.
Consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes de silagens de capim-elefante com casca de café, por ovinos

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the intake and the digestibility of nutrients of elephantgrass silage with levels (0,0; 10,0; 20,0 and 30,0%, natural matter basis) of coffee hulls, fed to sheep. Sixteen crossbreed castrated sheep, with 48.5 kg average live weight, were used in a randomized blocks design with four replicates. The intake of dry matter was influenced by coffee hulls which showed a quadratic effect, estimating maximum intake of 991.5 g/day (2.04% of live weight) with 7.2% of coffee hulls added. The intake of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestible nutrients (TDN), in g/day, showed a quadratic effect, estimating maximum intake of 907.0, 118.2, 773.5, 727.7 and 591.0 g/day with 7.2, 5.6, 6.2, 4.7 and 2.9% of coffee hulls added, respectively. The digestibility of DM, OM, CP, TC and NDF decreased as the levels of coffee hulls in the silages were increased. The ether extract digestibility was not affected. In conclusion, the level of 7.0% of coffee hulls promoted maximum nutrient intake. However, nutrient digestibility was reduced.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Underpricing Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek IndonesiaPeriode 1996-2015

Go Public atau lebih dikenal dengan IPO (Initial Public Offering) merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan perusahaan dalam rangka penawaran umum penjualan saham perdana. Pada proses IPO terdapat suatu fenomena yang disebut dengan Underpricing.Underpricing adalah suatu fenomena dimana harga penawaran di pasar perdana lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan harga penutupan di pasar sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat Underpricing. Penarikan sampel penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling dari populasi sebanyak57 perusahaan manufaktur yang melakukan IPO pada periode Januari 1996 – Desember 2015, dan didapat sampel untuk penelitian sebanyak 35 perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tujuh (7) variabel yaitu Ukuran Perusahaan, Persentase Saham yang Ditawarkan, Return on Equity (ROE), Earning per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Tingkat Inflasi, dan Tingkat Suku Bunga (BI Rate). Data diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 22. Hasil dari analisis model regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa Ukuran Perusahaan, Persentase Saham yang Ditawarkan, EPS, ROE, Tingkat Inflasi, dan BI Rate tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkat underpricing. Sedangkan DER berpengaruh pada tingkat signifikansi 2,1% terhadap tingkat underpricing perusahaan manufaktur yang melakukan IPO periode Januari 1996 - Desember 2015.
A proposal to classify ectomycorrhizal mycelial systems according to their patterns of differentiation and putative ecological importance

There is a need to quantify and qualify the ability of ectomycorrhizae to improve tree growth and nutrition and, in particular, to define criteria to classify ectomycorrhizae with respect to ecologically relevant features. Whereas the numbers of ectomycorrhizae and morphotypes give useful information when related to root biomass, root length or soil volume, the develop- ment and differentiation of the extramatrical mycelium may represent important predicative features relevant to the ecological classification of ectomycorrhizae. Here, different exploration types of ectomycorrhizae are distin- guished based on the amount of emanating hyphae or the presence and differentiation of rhizomorphs. Their puta- tive ecological importance is discussed.
Effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on growth of magra sheep in Arid region of Rajasthan

The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on growth traits of Magra sheep. The least-squares means for body weights at birth, 3,6,9 and 12 months of age were 2.98±0.02, 14.54±0.11, 22.14±0.17, 26.11±0.18 and 28.55±0.20 kg, respectively. The least-squares analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P< 0.01) effect of sire, sex and regression of dam's weight at lambing on all the growth traits. Effect of year of birth was significant (P<0.01) source of variation for all the body weights except birth weight. Effect of parity was significant (P< 0.01) only up to weaning (3 month of age). Thus there is need of giving proper attention to the significant factors and requirement of efficient flock management to achieve optimum productivity.
Vitellogenin Production Induced by Eyestalk Ablation in Juvenile Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Trial Methyl Farnesoate Administration

— Juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii were bilaterally eyestalk-ablated and hemolymph-sampled at 3 to 6 day-intervals for three weeks. In males, vitellogenin appeared several days after ablation, increased slightly for 1-2 weeks, and then decreased. Quantification by enzyme immunoassay indicated peak vitellogenin levels ranging from 0.1 to 0.8mg/ml. Females showed a similar profile, but peak levels ranged from 0.5 to 3.0mg/ml; one individual was however exceptional with titers reaching nearly 30 mg/ml. Vitellogenin was not detectable in non-ablated animals. Juvenile male and female vitellogenin was shown by SDS-PAGE/ Western blotting to consist of a single polypeptide component of 199K; however, in the exceptional female only, vitellogenin was composed of three polypeptides of 199, 102 and 90K as in adult female vitellogenin. Nevertheless, all ablated juvenile females exhibited increased gonadosomatic index and vitellogenic oocytes, as demonstrated by immunocytochemical techniques. Subsequently, juvenile males were employed to examine the effects of methyl farnesoate (MF) administration on vitellogenin production. In ablated animals, no significant differences in vitellogenin production were observed between the MF-injected and saline-injected groups. MF administration could not induce vitellogenin production in non-ablated animals. The physiological significance of the appearance of vitellogenin in juveniles of both sexes in context of the above results is discussed.