Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extending Shelf Life and Maintaining Quality of Tomato Fruit by Calcium Chloride, Hydrogen Peroxide, Chitosan, and Ozonated Water

Tomatoes are perishable fruit that makes them deteriorate rapidly during the post-harvest chain. Therefore, the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2), chitosan, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ozonated water on the storage abil\ity and quality of tomato fruit (Solanumlycopersicum L. cv. 448) stored at 10 °C for 28 d was studied. Weight loss, firmness, fruit color, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, total carotenoids, and ascorbic acid content (AsA) of treated tomato fruit were recorded. Our results revealed that all tested treatments significantly extended the shelf-life and maintained quality of tomato fruit compared to the control. Chitosan and CaCl2 were the most effective treatments in maintaining quality attributes. Furthermore, a correlation study suggested that AsA and total carotenoids played a vital role in conserving tomato fruit quality during storage. PC1 had strong positive loading for pH, appearance, firmness, AsA, TSS, carotene, fruit color (L* & b*) and a strong negative loading for lycopene content, color (a), weight loss, and color index. PC2 had high positive loading for total acidity and total sugar content.
Success Factors for University Incubators - A Benchmarking Model for Better Performance

Changing economic circumstances and technological advances are having an impact on the economic and social role of universities. Nowadays, university students, teachers and researchers are coming up with more and more innovative ideas, but they are unable to put their results into practice because of their lack of entrepreneurial skills. University incubators are specialised business incubators that create a link between university, business, and government, generating a significant impact on the local economy. In our research, we have highlighted the aspects that may be most relevant to the operation of 48 incubators in the world and analysed their performance. The comparative analysis allowed the creation of a standard model and the presentation of its success factors.
Winners and losers in dryland reforestation: species survival, growth, and recruitment along a 33‐year planting chronosequence

Reforestation in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of Texas began in the 1960s and to date over 6,475 ha of land has been reforested. However, there has been minimal assessment to understand differential species success, compositional trends, and the aboveground carbon sequestration potential of these developing forests. We coupled quantitative planting information of >50 native woody tree and shrub species with surveys of 5,223 stems of 4,606 individuals in a chronosequence of restored forests ranging in age from 1 to 33 years to estimate species‐specific mortality rates, biomass accumulation and recruitment, as well as compositional trends in the herbaceous understory. We show that 7–15 years are required for mortality rates of the transplanted cohort to stabilize to background levels observed in other dry forests. A small number of species, mostly N‐fixing trees with a deep rooting habit, persisted on the landscape beyond 15 years. Even so, aboveground biomass (corrected for differences in initial planting density) accumulated at an average rate of 1.41 Mg ha−1 yr−1 compared to 0.35 Mg ha−1 yr−1 for a fallow old‐field. Species biomass growth rates increased with decreasing mortality, as did the abundance of recruits, suggesting a degree of reproduction by initial planted cohorts. However, a suite of highly competitive exotic grasses increases in density over a 25‐year period, which we link to suppressed seedling recruitment. This poses a serious challenge to the long‐term sustainability of planted forests in the LRGV. We highlight potential avenues of research and modification to restoration methodologies.
Identification and Quantification of Naphthoquinones and Other Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Petioles, Bark, Roots, and Buds of Juglans regia L., Using HPLC-MS/MS

The present study was designed to identify and quantify the major phenolic compounds in different Juglans regia L. (common walnut) tissues (leaves, petioles, bark, roots, buds), to define the compositions and contents of phenolic compounds between these tissues. A total of 91 individual phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, which comprised 8 hydroxycinnamic acids, 28 hydroxybenzoic acids, 11 flavanols, 20 flavonols, 22 napthoquinones, and 2 coumarins. Naphthoquinones were the major phenolic group in leaves, petioles, bark, and buds, as >60% of those identified, while hydroxybenzoic acids were the major phenolic group in side roots, as ~50% of those identified. The highest content of phenolic compounds was in the J. regia main root, followed by side roots and buds, leaves, and 1-year-old bark; the lowest content was in petioles and 2-year-old bark. Leaves, roots, and buds of J. regia represent a valuable source of these agro-residues.
Multi-Level Control of Resistive RAM (RRAM) Using a Write Termination to Achieve 4 Bits/Cell in High Resistance State

RRAM density enhancement is essential not only to gain market share in the highly competitive emerging memory sector but also to enable future high-capacity and power-efficient brain-inspired systems, beyond the capabilities of today’s hardware. In this paper, a novel design scheme is proposed to realize reliable and uniform multi-level cell (MLC) RRAM operation without the need of any read verification. RRAM quad-level cell (QLC) capability with 4 bits/cell is demonstrated for the first time. QLC is implemented based on a strict control of the cell programming current of 1T-1R HfO2-based RRAM cells. From a design standpoint, a self-adaptive write termination circuit is proposed to control the RESET operation and provide an accurate tuning of the analog resistance value of each cell of a memory array. The different resistance levels are obtained by varying the compliance current in the RESET direction. Impact of variability on resistance margins is simulated and analyzed quantitatively at the circuit level to guarantee the robustness of the proposed MLC scheme. The minimal resistance margin reported between two consecutive states is 2.1 kΩ along with an average energy consumption and latency of 25 pJ/cell and 1.65 μs, respectively.
Survey on test case generation, selection and prioritization for cyber‐physical systems

A cyber‐physical system (CPS) is a collection of computing devices that communicate with each other, operate in the target environment via actuators and interact with the physical world through sensors in a feedback loop. CPSs need to be safe and reliable and function in accordance with their requirements. Testing, focusing on a CPS model and/or its code, is the primary approach used by engineers to achieve this. Generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases that can reveal faults in CPSs, from the wide range of possible input values and stimuli that affect their operation, are of central importance in this process. To date, however, in our search of the literature, we have found no comprehensive survey of research on test case generation, selection and prioritization for CPSs. In this article, therefore, we report the results of a survey of approaches for generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases for CPSs; the results illustrate the progress that has been made on these approaches to date, the properties that characterize the approaches and the challenges that remain open in these areas of research.
OPTIMIZATION OF ADSORPTION OF Pb (II) AND Cr (VI) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING MODIFIED FELDSPAR COMPOSITE: ISOTHERM AND KINETIC STUDIES

In this study modified feldspar composite (MFC) adsorbent based on feldspar and Theobroma cacao podas (TCP) was prepared, characterized and utilized for adsorption of Pb (II) and Cr (VI) in aqueous solution. The results showed that the cation exchange capacity of the modified feldspar composite (30.66 ± 0.21 meq/100 g) was 5 times higher than that of raw feldspar (6.42 ± 0.45 meq/100g). More so, the novel biohybrid material, MFC has a surface area of 53.60 ± 0.3 m2/g and particle size of 105.4 ± 0.18. X-ray diffraction peaks revealed that after the modification process, there is only slight shift in the position of some diffraction peaks of feldspar and the composite material suggestive of the retention of the crystalline properties of the feldspar in the novel composite (MFC). Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that some functional groups present in the two starting materials were also available on the surface of the composite (MFC) indicating that the intercalation of TCP biomass into feldspar surface was successful. Response surface methodology (RSM) via a five-levels central composite design (CCD) was applied for optimization of metal adsorption onto the adsorbent in 32 experiment runs considering the effect of pH, adsorbent dose, adsorbate concentration and contact time. Optimization results showed that the predicted and experimental values of Pb (14.021, 14.148 mg/g) and Cr (3.428, 3.504 mg/g) were close at the optimum condition of (pH 2, 5, 6; 0.5 g; 100 mg/L; 60-120 min and 3000K). Results of ANOVA analysis revealed the adequacy of the model with the good correlation between R2 values (0.9916-0.9998) and adjusted R2 (0.9919-0.9986) and F value of (≥ 147). Results showed that Pb (II) ions adsorption onto the adsorbents was well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model while the Cr (VI) ions uptake onto FS and MFC adsorbents followed Freundlich isotherm model. The results of the kinetic studies showed that rate of Pb (II) removal followed pseudo second order model while the rate of adsorption of Cr (VI) onto the FS and MFC adsorbents best fitted pseudo first order model. Owing to its improved cation exchange capacity and eco-friendliness, the modified feldspar composite have a good potential application in wastewater treatment besides other industrial explorations.
Untangling Public Values: Incorporating Regime Values to Advance Research and Practice

The concept of “public values” is receiving increasing attention in the field of public administration. Much of the focus has been on the micro-level implications of public values for the behavior of bureaucrats and public institutions. This article argues that the public values approach could benefit from more systematic and detailed consideration of the macro-level implications of public values, that is, the nature of the public sector’s expected and legitimated contribution to society. Building on the work of John Rohr and Peter Overeem, it highlights how the concept of “prescriptive regime values” already provides a relevant foundation for this purpose and could help to untangle and better structure the plethora of public values currently found in the literature. To build and support this argument, the article reviews the public values literature, seeking to answer the following questions. First, what constitutes the public values perspective in public administration? Second, what are more “macro” public values? Where can they be found and how can they be characterized? Finally, what do “macro” public values do? To conclude, implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed, including a future research agenda that specifically incorporates prescriptive regime values as “macro” public values.
Artificial intelligence-assisted decision making for prognosis and drug efficacy prediction in lung cancer patients: a narrative review

Objective In this review, we aim to present frontier studies in patients with lung cancer as it related to artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted decision-making and summarize the latest advances, challenges and future trend in this field. Background Despite increasing survival rate in cancer patients over the last decades, lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The early diagnosis, accurate evaluation and individualized treatment are vital approaches to improve the survival rate of patients with lung cancer. Thus, decision making based on these approaches requires accuracy and efficiency beyond manpower. Recent advances in AI and precision medicine have provided a fertile environment for the development of AI-based models. These models have the potential to assist radiologists and oncologists in detecting lung cancer, predicting prognosis and developing personalized treatment plans for better outcomes of the patients. Methods We searched literature from 2000 through July 31th, 2021 in Medline/PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, ACM Digital Library, INSPEC and EMBASE. Key words such as “artificial intelligence”, “AI”, “deep learning”, “lung cancer”, “NSCLC”, “SCLC” were combined to identify related literatures. These literatures were then selected by two independent authors. Articles chosen by only one author will be examined by another author to determine whether this article was relative and valuable. The selected literatures were read by all authors and discussed to draw reliable conclusions. Conclusions AI, especially for those based on deep learning and radiomics, is capable of assisting clinical decision making from many aspects, for its quantitatively interpretation of patients’ information and its potential to deal with the dynamics, individual differences and heterogeneity of lung cancer. Hopefully, remaining problems such as insufficient data and poor interpretability may be solved to put AI-based models into clinical practice.
Deposition and Optical Characterization of ZnO Thin films on Glass Substrate

ZnO is a wide band gap (3.37 eV) compound semiconductor which can be used in short wavelength optoelectronic devices.Here in this work we chose spin coating method as growth mechanism as it is simple, less expensive and in addition film uniformity is maintained in this method.In the growth process zinc acetate dihydrate, iso-propanol and monoethanolamine were used for producing Sol-gel Solution.The prepared solution was kept for 3 days (44 h) and 7 days (188h) for aging. After deposition, optical characterization has been performed by UV-VIS-Spectrometry The Transmittance values of the films deposited at the speeds of 2500 rpm (with 44 h aged solution) and 3500 rpm (with 188h aged solution) are at the range of 70-73% and the Energy band gaps of the films are 3.1 eV and 3.25eV, respectively. Whereas films deposited at the speed of 4000 rpm shows 86%transmittance and band gap energy of 3.3 eV which is much closer to the optimum value of 3.37 eV. Lower absorption values have been shown for higher coating speed.So with the increase in coating speed,the transmittance and the band gap both are increased. Also we can see that there is very negligible effect of aging time on optical properties of deposited films.
Moderating Diversity, Collective Commitment, and Discrimination: The Role of Ethical Leaders in the Public Sector

Despite public administration’s growing interest in personnel diversity and ethical leadership, little is known about the effectiveness of ethical leadership in managing diverse public workforces. Can ethical leadership moderate the relationships between demographic diversity and key organizational outcomes? To answer, we synthesize four theories about demographic diversity, ethical leadership, and inclusion: social categorization theory, social exchange theory, social learning theory, and optimal distinctiveness theory. These theories illuminate the interrelationships between diversity, ethical leadership, and two types of collective organizational outcomes: affective commitment climate and race-based employment discrimination. Using panel data from the US federal government, feasible generalized least squares models indicate that racial diversity is negatively related to affective commitment climate and positively related to race-based employment discrimination. The results also show that ethical leadership beneficially moderates the associations of racial diversity with the two organizational outcomes. These findings suggest that ethical leadership aids public managers and personnel in racially diverse public agencies.
Responses of barley genotypes for salt tolerance under in vitro culture condition

An experiment was undertaken at Agricultural Botany Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology, to screen out salt tolerant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes. The evaluation was done based on germination percentage, shoot length, root length and shoot: root ratio. Five barley genotypes including BARI barley 2, BARI barley 3, BARI barley 4, BARI barley 5 and BARI barley 7 were used in the screening program. The barley genotypes were grown in eight levels NaCl solution like 0(Control), 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 mM. The present study shows that salinity reduced germination percentage of barley and the extent of reduction increased with the increase in the concentration of salinity in the growth medium. Shoot dry weight (1.40 mg), root dry weight (0.21 mg), shoot moisture content (80.0%), root elongation rate (1.81), vigor index (21.30), speed of germination (7.91) and root length (21.67 cm) were obtained from the variety BARI barley 4 with 80 mMNaCL (V3T4). Based on the growth attributes the genotypes BARI barley 7 and BARI barley 4 were found tolerant to salt stress as they grown up to 60 mM and 80 mMNaCl solution respectively. The genotypes BARI barley 4 was therefore selected to be grown in south coastal saline soil of Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture 32 (1): 1-9, 2021
Perceived Trust in Public Authorities Nine Months after the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-National Study

This study aimed to examine the perceived trust in information provided by public authorities and financial measures put in place to address the impact of COVID-19. Using a cross-national approach among four Western countries—the United States of America, Norway, Australia, and the United Kingdom—provides an analysis of responses related to trust and how they were associated with age group, gender, education level, employment status, size of place of residence, infection status, and social media use. When controlling for all included variables in logistic regression analyses, the likelihood of having trust in the public authorities’ information was higher for women, those with higher levels of education, and those living in urban areas. Being infected with the coronavirus, and spending more time daily on social media, were both associated with lower likelihood of reporting trust in information. Although policies implemented to respond to economic concerns varied cross-nationally, higher age, identifying as female, being employed, living in a city, no COVID-19 infection experience and lower levels of social media usage were associated with a higher likelihood of trusting in the financial measures put in place to counteract the economic effects of COVID-19.
A 30 year monthly 5 km gridded surface elevation time series for the Greenland Ice Sheet from multiple satellite radar altimeters

Abstract. A long-term time series of ice sheet surface elevation change (SEC) is important for study of ice sheet variation and its response to climate change. In this study, we used an updated plane-fitting least-squares regression strategy to generate a 30 year surface elevation time series for the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) at monthly temporal resolution and 5 × 5 km grid spatial resolution using ERS‐1, ERS‐2, Envisat, and CryoSat‐2 satellite radar altimeter observations obtained between August 1991 and December 2020. The accuracy and reliability of the time series are effectively guaranteed by application of sophisticated corrections for intermission bias and interpolation based on empirical orthogonal function reconstruction. Validation using both airborne laser altimeter observations and the European Space Agency GrIS Climate Change Initiative (CCI) product indicated that our merged surface elevation time series is reliable. The accuracy and dispersion of errors of SECs of our results were 19.3 % and 8.9 % higher, respectively, than those of CCI SECs, and even 30.9 % and 19.0 % higher, respectively, in periods from 2006–2010 to 2010–2014. Further analysis showed that our merged time series could provide detailed insight into GrIS SEC on multiple temporal (up to 30 years) and spatial scales, thereby providing opportunity to explore potential associations between ice sheet change and climatic forcing. The merged surface elevation time series data are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.11888/Glacio.tpdc. 271658 (Zhang et al., 2021).
Examining equity in an elementary school computer science intervention using component-based research

This article reports on implementation of a problem-based learning intervention developed with the intention of finding time for computer science (CS) in the elementary school day. This study investigated differences in effects on students in particular socio-demographic groups using a quasi-experimental design. We first provide an overview of the perennial problem of group differences or “gaps” in student outcomes. Then we illustrate how, using component-based research (CBR), we moved beyond the question of whether the intervention worked, to focus on which parts of the intervention worked, for whom, and under what conditions. Using hierarchical linear modeling, this study draws from a sample of 16 elementary schools with 321 teachers and 5791 students in Broward County, Florida, the sixth largest school system in the United States. This study complements a previous paper (Authors, 2020), which examined associations between intervention components and student outcomes by investigating how outcomes differ for students in different socio-demographic groups and whether the presence of particular intervention components amplify or reduce differences. Through CBR, our work illustrates that CS interventions which may appear to benefit students overall, may be less beneficial or even detrimental to particular groups.
Production of eucalyptus seedlings using alternative substrates

The efficiency of forest species production is associated with the seedlings quality. Hence, the substrate used is a determining factor in crop productivity, such as eucalyptus. Thus, the physical and chemical parameters of alternative and sustainable substrates were evaluated using coconut fiber and vermicompost in the production of Corymbia citriodora seedlings. Plants performance and quality were also evaluated by determining plant biomass and Dickson’s quality index, with or without mineral supplementation during cultivation. Results revealed that the proposed substrates obtained good physical and chemical characteristics when compared to a commercial substrate. The fertilization of seedlings showed to be essential in the production of more vigorous and better quality plants. The best quality C. citriodora seedlings was produced in the commercial substrate. However, it is worth highlighting the seedlings performance using alternative substrates such as coconut fiber and vermicompost, which represent a great potential for improvement, mainly due to its low cost and the observed result regarding the possible availability of nutrients in a gradual and constant way during the plants development.