Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Legume-Based Cover Crop Mixtures Can Overcome Trade-Offs between C Inputs, Soil Mineral N Depletion and Residual Yield Effects

Cover crops can contribute to climate change mitigation through enhanced sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide into soil organic carbon. Few studies, however, have estimated the total carbon (C) input to soil, i.e. derived both from plant material (shoot and root) and phyllo-and rhizodeposition. Selection of cover crop species should account for multiple objectives, such as C inputs to soil, nitrate leaching reduction and positive residual effects on the following main crop. However, trade-offs between these objectives may occur. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of the cover crop species winter rye, hairy vetch and oilseed radish, and to assess the ability of mixtures to overcome potential trade-offs. A randomized split-plot field trial was conducted to compare cover crop treatments and a weeded control under high and low soil nitrogen (N) availability. Multiple-pulse labeling with 14 C-CO 2 was carried out to trace net cover crop-derived rhizodeposition C. Soil mineral N was measured to 1.5 m depth in autumn, as well as grain and N yield in the subsequent spring barley. Cover crop species accumulated between 1250 and 2580 kg C ha (cid:0) 1 , with significantly higher total C input (in shoot, root and phyllo-and rhizodeposits) for the mixtures compared with pure stands of either vetch or radish, while the results for rye were in between. The quantity of C lost via phyllo-and rhizodeposition (qClvPR) showed a significant positive correlation with root C and was highest for the mixtures and rye. The relative ClvPR ranged between 7% and 14% of total cover crop-derived C and tended to decrease under higher soil N availability. All cover crop treatments were able to decrease soil mineral N (0 – 1.5 m), with radish displaying the highest N leaching reduction potential. Despite substantial differences in cover crop total N uptake and C:N ratios, no significant differences were observed in the subsequent main crop grain or N yields. The mixtures showed the highest total C input and generally a higher or similar mineral N depletion potential than the average of the pure stands, suggesting that cover crop mixtures offer a realistic means for overcoming trade-offs among ecosystem functions.
Evolution of ring current ion energy spectra during the storm recovery phase: Implication for dominant ion loss processes

[1] We examine the temporal evolution of spatially averaged energy spectra of ring current ions (27–120 keV for H+, 79–264 keV for O+) during the recovery phase of three magnetic storms. The energy spectra are derived from energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging provided by the High Energy Neutral Atom (HENA) imager on board the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) satellite; ENAs generated within HENA lines of sight passing by close to the Earth are excluded in order to distinguish high-altitude emissions from low-altitude emissions. We confirm, by performing a simple model of ENA production, that the retrieved spectra are a good indication of those at 3.5 60 keV H+ was higher than the prestorm level. It is likely that the contribution from >60 keV H+ to the ring current intensity (and H+ pressure) increases as a storm recovers. We suggest that the ring current intensity is dominated by higher-energy (>60 keV) H+ during the late recovery phase.
OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF SUPERNOVA REMNANTS IN M81 AND M82

We present spectroscopy of 28 supernova remnant (SNR) candidates as well as one H ii region in M81 and two SNR candidates in M82. Twenty-six of the M81 candidates turn out to be genuine SNRs, and two in M82 may be shocked condensations in the galactic outflow or SNRs. The distribution of [N ii]/Hα ratios of M81 SNRs is bimodal. M81 SNRs are divided into two groups in the spectral line ratio diagrams: an [O iii]-strong group and an [O iii]-weak group. The latter are larger and may have faster shock velocities. [N ii]/Hα ratios of the SNRs show a strong correlation with [S ii]/Hα ratios. They show a clear radial gradient in their [N ii]/Hα and [S ii]/Hα ratios: dLog ([N ii]/Hα)/dLog R = −0.018 ± 0.008 dex kpc−1 and dLog ([S ii]/Hα)/dLog R = −0.016 ± 0.008 dex kpc−1, where R is the deprojected galactocentric distance. We estimate the nitrogen and oxygen abundances of the SNRs from comparison with shock-ionization models. We obtain a value for the nitrogen radial gradient of dLog(N/H)/dLog R= −0.023 ± 0.009 dex kpc−1, and find little evidence for an oxygen gradient. This nitrogen abundance shows a gradient that is a few times flatter than those of the planetary nebulae and H ii regions. We find that five SNRs are matched with X-ray sources. Their X-ray hardness colors are consistent with thermal SNRs.
Expresiones de la violencia patriarcal en adolescentes mujeres rurales

La violencia en contra de las mujeres ha sido, en parte, la expresión de un sistema social patriarcal que ha creado dispositivos de control y sometimiento de las mujeres durante el devenir histórico. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo recuperar los saberes y experiencias de adolescentes mujeres escolarizadas de bachillerato alrededor de la sexualidad, las prácticas sexuales y las relaciones con los padres/madres de una comunidad rural de Chiapas, México. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa fenomenológica, con un enfoque de análisis feminista y utilizando la técnica de grupos focales, se dio voz a 14 mujeres adolescentes con edades entre 14 y 17 años. En los discursos, las participantes evidenciaron que las expresiones de la violencia patriarcal se dan a través de la romantización de las relaciones amorosas en la pareja heterosexual; el ocultamiento, por parte de padres/madres, de información pertinente que las oriente sobre la sexualidad y las prácticas sexuales, y a través de tres formas específicas de sometimiento ante las normas patriarcales: no caer en la desgracia de un embarazo a temprana edad, la maternidad obligada en la prohibición del aborto y la reclusión al ámbito doméstico como consecuencia de la maternidad. Se concluye, a partir de las experiencias más significativas expresadas por las jóvenes adolescentes alrededor de la sexualidad, las prácticas sexuales y su relación con los tutores adultos que las rodean, que sigue vigente y de manera profunda en la subjetividad y los cuerpos de las adolescentes la reproducción de las relaciones de género que han perpetuado la subordinación de las mujeres frente al poder masculino, propio de las sociedades patriarcales.
EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO, COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL, COLESTEROL E TRIGLICÉRIDES NO PACIENTE COM HIV: UMA META-ANÁLISE

OBJETIVO: Verificar se o exercício físico é efetivo para melhoria na composição corporal, colesterol total e triglicérides de pacientes com HIV. MÉTODOS: o presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise com objetivo de investigar os efeitos de programas de exercícios de força e/ou aeróbios em portadores do vírus HIV na composição corporal, colesterol total e triglicérides. Está registrado na plataforma PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews) sob número CRD42016043451. Adotou-se a estratégia de pesquisa PICOS, selecionando os principais MeSH terms para a busca nas plataformas Embase, Pubmed e Web of Science. Os resultados foram tabulados, selecionados quanto sua relevância e classificados em relação aos riscos de viés. RESULTADOS: 10 estudos foram selecionados. Apesar de diversos estudos individualmente apontarem para a melhoria nas variáveis investigadas, estatística meta-analítica não apontou significância para as variáveis de composição corporal (gordura corporal e visceral, IMC, RCQ, massa magra) e colesterol total, porém na variável triglicérides verificou-se mudança significante com tamanho de efeito (TE) grande (TE1.36 [0.28, 2.44]. CONCLUSÃO: O exercício de força e o exercício aeróbio, realizados de maneira isolada ou combinada, são efetivos para melhoria significante da variável triglicérides de pacientes portadores do vírus HIV sob o tratamento de terapias antirretrovirais de alta atividade.
Axisymmetric Numerical Relativity

This thesis is concerned with formulations of the Einstein equations in axisymmetric spacetimes which are suitable for numerical evolutions. We develop two evolution systems based on the (2+1)+1 formalism. The first is a (partially) constrained scheme with elliptic gauge conditions arising from maximal slicing and conformal flatness. The second is a strongly hyperbolic first-order formulation obtained by combining the (2+1)+1 formalism with the Z4 formalism. A careful study of the behaviour of regular axisymmetric tensor fields enables us to cast the equations in a form that is well-behaved on the axis. Further topics include (non)uniqueness of solutions to the elliptic equations arising in constrained schemes, and comparisons between various boundary conditions used in numerical relativity. The numerical implementation is applied to adaptive evolutions of nonlinear Brill waves, including twist.
Managerial Performance-Based Education and Training in South Sulawesi

The purpose of this study to analysis the effect of training service toward performance of managerial, to analysis the effect of training service toward organization governance, and analysis indirect effect the training service through performance of managerial toward organization governance on BPSDM South Sulawesi Province. The research applied on BPSDM South Sulawesi Province with population as amount 583 employees and samples as amount 237 respondent through Slovin formulation. Data from questioner to analysis with path analysis. The result of research with path analysis obtained: the first, implementation of training service have effected toward organization governance in BPSDM. The second, the practice performance of managerial not yet to support the implementation of training service in effect toward organization governance in BPSDM. The result of test showed that the training service have positive and significant toward organization governance. That meaning the implementation of training service, so can to increase the organization governance. better of implementation the training service so the organization governance in BPSDM South Sulawesi Province more increase it.
Interplay of spin-orbit torque and thermoelectric effects in ferromagnet/normal-metal bilayers

We present harmonic transverse voltage measurements of current-induced thermoelectric and spin-orbit torque (SOT) effects in ferromagnet/normal-metal bilayers, in which thermal gradients produced by Joule heating and SOT coexist and give rise to ac transverse signals with comparable symmetry and magnitude. Based on the symmetry and field dependence of the transverse resistance, we develop a consistent method to separate thermoelectric and SOT measurements. By addressing first ferromagnet/light-metal bilayers with negligible spin-orbit coupling, we show that in-plane current injection induces a vertical thermal gradient whose sign and magnitude are determined by the resistivity difference and stacking order of the magnetic and nonmagnetic layers. We then study ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers with strong spin-orbit coupling, showing that second harmonic thermoelectric contributions to the transverse voltage may lead to a significant overestimation of the antidamping SOT. We find that thermoelectric effects are very strong in Ta(6 nm)/Co(2.5 nm) and negligible in Pt(6 nm)/Co(2.5 nm) bilayers. After including these effects in the analysis of the transverse voltage, we find that the antidamping SOTs in these bilayers, after normalization to the magnetization volume, are comparable to those found in thinner Co layers with perpendicular magnetization, whereas the fieldlike SOTs are about an order of magnitude smaller.
Board Game: An Effective Way for Novice Trainees to Learn Incident Command System

The incident command system (ICS) is widely used in disaster management, but it is hard for novice learners to apply what they learn in actual practice. Considering these aspects, we developed a board game for novice learners to learn ICS and conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of the board game method compared with that of traditional lectures. Two sessions of ICS training were conducted using only board games and lectures for each session. In the board game session, the participants played the board game for 1.5 hours without receiving any teaching. The game participants played as disaster response teams based on ICS principles. In the lecture session, a didactic lecture on ICS concepts and their applications in disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) work was taught for 1.5 hours by a disaster medicine expert. Before and after each session, a test comprising 20 multiple-choice questions (5 points for each question) was conducted. In the test, participants were evaluated on how to apply the ICS principle to DMAT work. Participants who had not previously received any disaster medicine education were defined as novice learners and were included to compare the learning effects of the two methods. A paired t-test was used to compare the results within each group, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the results between the two groups. The study included 17 participants in the board game group and 25 participants in the lecture group. The mean test score was significantly higher after the game and the lecture (pre-game score = 56 versus post-game score = 75, p-value = .001; pre-lecture score = 58 versus post-lecture score = 74, p-value = .002). No significant difference was found in the score improvement between the two groups (p-value = .6). Hence, we can concluded that learning ICS through board games was as effective as using the traditional lecture method for novice disaster medicine trainees. The board game is an useful tool of disaster medicine education.
Linear stability analysis of the Hall magnetorotational instability in a spherical domain

We investigate the stability of the Hall-MHD system and determine its importance for neutron stars at their birth, when they still consist of differentially rotating plasma permeated by extremely strong magnetic fields. We solve the linearised HallMHD equations in a spherical shell threaded by a homogeneous magnetic field. With the fluid/flow coupling and the Hall effect included, the magnetorotational instability and the Hall effect are both acting together. Results differ for magnetic fields aligned with the rotation axis and anti-parallel magnetic fields. For a positive alignment of the magnetic field the instability grows on a rotational time-scale for any sufficiently large magnetic Reynolds number. Even the magnetic fields which are stable against the MRI due to the magnetic diffusion are now susceptible to the shear-Hall instability. In contrast, the negative alignment places strong restrictions on the growth and the magnitude of the fields, hindering the effectiveness of the Hall-MRI. While non-axisymmetric modes of the MRI can be suppressed by strong enough rotation, there is no such restriction when the Hall effect is present. The implications for the magnitude and the topology of the magnetic field of a young neutron star may be significant (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Only Time Will Tell: Unraveling the Temporal Effect of Negative Affective Encounters in Diaspora Tourism

Recently, researchers have begun to investigate the role of negative encounters, emotions and feelings in tourism and leisure activities. However, the temporal effects of negative encounters are still underexplored. This research consists of two studies that were conducted longitudinally. Study one investigated the overall visiting experience of 50 multi-generational Chinese diaspora tourists; study two interviewed 22 former participants who touched on negative experiences in their ancestral hometown eight years ago. Three scenarios of how these tourists re-interpreted negative affective encounters were identified. The findings suggest diaspora tourists’ perceptions of negative encounters transform over time, depending on their life trajectory, earlier experiences, attitudes, further exposures to Chinese culture and values, and the meanings they obtained from their negative encounters. This research is among the first to examine the temporal effects of negative experiences longitudinally, opening up for future considerations of the temporal contingencies of negative encounters in the tourism experience.
Development of a Multisensory Underactuated Prosthetic Hand With Fully Integrated Electronics

The compliance and manipulability are the crucial properties for prosthetic hands design, especially considering both the usefulness and versatility. This study presents a novel mechatronic design of an underactuated prosthetic hand named HIT-VI hand. It consists of four modular underactuated fingers, one opposite thumb, and a set of multisensory embedded control system. Each modular finger uses one dc motor to drive its two active joints and one passive joint. Due to the use of an underactuated nine-bar mechanism, it can execute anthropomorphic coupled motion and self-adaptive motion. The hand contains 39 distributed force sensors, 10 angular position sensors, 6 current sensors, 1 temperature sensor, and 1 inertial measurement unit (IMU). The multisensory system enables the prosthetic hand to achieve intelligent position/force/current control. The fully integrated mechatronic design makes the prosthetic hand similar to an adult hand in size, weight, and appearance. Based on the kinematics and statics, the stability analysis of the prosthetic hand is carried out. Furthermore, the experiments executing the activities of daily living validate that the proposed hand has a respectable compliance and manipulability.
Verifying the mass–metallicity relation in damped Lyman α selected galaxies at 0.1 < z < 3.2

A scaling relation has recently been suggested to combine the galaxy mass-metallicity (MZ) relation with metallicities of damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs) in quasar spectra. Based on this relation the stellar masses of the absorbing galaxies can be predicted. We test this prediction by measuring the stellar masses of 12 galaxies in confirmed DLA absorber - galaxy pairs in the redshift range 0.1<z<3.2. We find an excellent agreement between the predicted and measured stellar masses over three orders of magnitude, and we determine the average offset $\langle C_{[M/H]} \rangle$ = 0.44+/-0.10 between absorption and emission metallicities. We further test if $C_{[M/H]}$ could depend on the impact parameter and find a correlation at the 5.5sigma level. The impact parameter dependence of the metallicity corresponds to an average metallicity difference of -0.022+/-0.004 dex/kpc. By including this metallicity vs. impact parameter correlation in the prescription instead of $C_{[M/H]}$, the scatter reduces to 0.39 dex in log M*. We provide a prescription how to calculate the stellar mass (M*,DLA) of the galaxy when both the DLA metallicity and DLA galaxy impact parameter is known. We demonstrate that DLA galaxies follow the MZ relation for luminosity-selected galaxies at z=0.7 and z=2.2 when we include a correction for the correlation between impact parameter and metallicity.
Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Soybean Hulls in Basal Diet on Digesta Viscosity, Fecal Consistency, Hematology, Serum Biochemistry, and Intestinal Morphometric Parameters in the Laying Hens During Peak Egg Production Stages

This study aimed to investigate the effect of soybean hull (HS) in the diet of laying hens on digesta viscosity, fecal consistency, hematology, serum biochemistry, and intestinal morphometrics during peak egg production periods. A total of 160, 28-weeks old golden misri (brown) laying hens were distributed in the following groups. A basal diet of the corn-soybean meal was formulated as a control group and a soybean meal in the basal diet was replaced with 3%SH, 6%SH, and 9% SH respectively. The results of the feces proximate analysis showed significantly higher crude protein during phases 1 and 2, while crude fiber during phase1 and 3 for the SH treatment groups. The crude fat had a significantly higher value for the control group than all SH treatment groups during all (three) phases. The ash amount was significantly higher in the 3 and 6% SH groups during phase 1 while 6% and 9% SH groups during phase 3 than in all other groups. The control group had ( P <0.05) lower gut contents viscosity during all phases than the SH treatment groups. During all phases, the feces consistency was normal (dry and cone farming) for the control and 3% SH groups while loose droppings but no free water for the 6% and 9%SH treatment groups. The hematological and serum biochemistry parameters were not affected during all phases. The control group had significantly higher duodenum villus height and crypt depth during all phases while ileum villus height was significantly lower in the 9%SH treatment group than in all other groups. In conclusion, the dietary supplementations of soybean hulls increased the digesta viscosity, and have no adverse effect on fecal consistency, hematological and serum biochemistry, and intestinal morphometric parameters in the laying hens during the peak egg production period.
On the spectrum of a Riemannian manifold of positive constant curvature. II

Introduction. Let M be a compact connected riemannian manifold and Δ the Laplacian acting on the space of C°°-funcΐions on M. The operator Δ has a discrete spectrum consisting nonnegative eigenvalues with finite multiplicities. We denote by Spec M the spectrum of the Δ. Two compact connected riemannian manifolds M and N are said to be isospectral to each other if Spec M=SpeciV. The spectrum of a riemannian manifold gives a lot of information about its riemannian structure, but it does not completely determine the riemannian structure in general. In fact, there exist two flat tori which are isospectral but not isometric (by J. Milnor, see [1]). On the other hand some distinguished riemannian manifolds are completely characterized by their spectra as riemannian manifolds. The n-dimensional sphere S with the canonical metric and the real projective space P(R) with the canonical metric are completely characterized by their spectra as riemannian manifolds if wfgό (see [1], [8]). Recently, it has been shown successively that a 3-dimensional lens space M is completely determined by its spectrum as a riemannian manifold; first by M. Tanaka [7] in the case the order ITΓ^M)! of the fundamental group of M is odd prime or 2-times odd prime, then by the author and Y. Yamamoto [4] in a more general case, and finally by Y. Yamamoto [11] without any restriction. These examples are riemannian manifolds of positive constant curvature. A connected complete riemannian manifold M ( d i m M ^ 2 ) of positive constant curvature 1 is called a spherical space form. Now, we consider the problem;
The Meaning of Maximal Symmetry in Presence of Torsion

We show that the usual physical meaning of maximal symmetry can be made to remain unaltered even if torsion is present. All that is required is that the torsion fields satisfy some mutually consistent constraints. We also give an explicit realisation of such a scenario by determining the torsion fields, the metric and the associated Killing vectors.
Equivalence of string and fusion loop-spin structures

The importance of the fusion relation of loops was recognized in the context of spin structures on the loop space by Stolz and Teichner and further developed by Waldorf. On a spin manifold M the equivalence classes of `fusive' spin structures on the loop space LM, incorporating the fusion property, strong regularity and reparameterization-invariance, are shown to be in 1-1 correspondence with equivalence classes of string structures on M. The identification is through the affine space of `string' cohomology classes considered by Redden.