Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison and Assessment of Three Advanced Land Surface Models in Simulating Terrestrial Water Storage Components over the United States

AbstractTo prepare for the next-generation North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS), three advanced land surface models [LSMs; i.e., Community Land Model, version 4.0 (CLM4.0); Noah LSM with multiphysics options (Noah-MP); and Catchment LSM-Fortuna 2.5 (CLSM-F2.5)] were run for the 1979–2014 period within the NLDAS-based framework. Unlike the LSMs currently executing in the operational NLDAS, these three advanced LSMs each include a groundwater component. In this study, the model simulations of monthly terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) and its individual water storage components are evaluated against satellite-based and in situ observations, as well as against reference reanalysis products, at basinwide and statewide scales. The quality of these TWSA simulations will contribute to determining the suitability of these models for the next phase of the NLDAS. Overall, it is found that all three models are able to reasonably capture the monthly and interannual variability and magnitudes of .
Attitudes of EFL learners towards communicative language teaching

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the attitudes of EFL students towards CLT in an Afghan EFL setting. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), as a responsive teaching approach to the needs of learners, has been extensively recognized as a favorable approach for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers and learners around the world. It also attempts to determine the effects of CLT activities on their motivation and CLT challenges based on their demographic profile. The data were collected from 201 English major undergraduate students from the Faculty of Language and Literature at Takhar University purposefully through a questionnaire that consists of 30 items. For answering the research questions, descriptive statistics, sample T-test, and a one-way ANOVA test were employed. The findings revealed that Afghan EFL students have positive attitudes towards CLT approach. The study also showed that the attitude of the students towards CLT is positive in terms of their gender. Moreover, there is no statistically significant difference among the group factors (age, first language, and English learning experience) of the participants.
Architecture et croissance des failles dans les alternances argilo-calcaires : exemples dans les alternances du Bassin du Sud-Est (France)et modélisation numérique

Cette etude s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche de l’IRSN relatif au stockage geologique de dechets de moyenne et de haute activite et a vie longue, qui vise a comprendre et modeliser les phenomenes importants pour la surete d’une installation de stockage geologique. Un tel stockage est actuellement envisage en Meuse/Haute-Marne dans la formation argileuse du Callovo-Oxfordien encadree par des formations calcaires. Dans ce systeme, d’epaisseur plurihectometrique, des eventuelles failles affectant la couche hote pourraient creer des drains susceptibles d’amoindrir sa capacite de confinement. Cette etude vise a caracteriser l’architecture et la croissance des failles normales dans des alternances argilo-calcaires. Des analyses structurales et des profils de deplacement ont ete realises sur des failles normales affectant differentes alternances du Bassin du Sud-Est (France) et des proprietes petrophysiques ont ete quantifiees pour chaque lithologie. Les failles etudiees -de simples plans ou des zones de failles- sont fortement influencees par la lithologie. L’analyse de ces caracteristiques completee par des modelisations numeriques a permis d’evaluer les processus responsables de la nucleation, de la restriction et de la croissance des failles.
The mediating effect of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety on the relationship between social support and insomnia among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study

Background Insomnia in healthcare workers has become a topic of concern in the health system. The high infectivity and longevity of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in great pressure and a high incidence of insomnia among healthcare workers. Insomnia among healthcare workers has a negative impact on high-quality healthcare services in addition to their health. Thus, it's necessary to explore insomnia's underlying mechanisms. Object The present research's aims were threefold: explored the association between social support, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the pandemic, elucidated the underlying mechanism of insomnia, and offered recommendations for improving the health of these workers. Materials and methods A cross-sectional design was adopted. From May 20 to 30, 2022, 1038 healthcare workers were selected to fill out the Oslo 3-item Social Support Scale, the eight-item Athens Insomnia Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Descriptive statistics and correlations were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Mediation analysis was conducted by Mplus 8.3 using 5000 bootstrap samples. Results Of the participating 1038 healthcare workers, the prevalence of insomnia was 41.62% (432/1038). Significant associations were found involving insomnia, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and social support. Insomnia was directly affected by social support. Moreover, three indirect pathways explain how social support affected insomnia: resilience's mediating role, COVID-19 anxiety's mediating role, and the chain-mediation role of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety. Conclusion The results validated our hypotheses and supported the opinion of Spielman et al. ‘s three-factor model of insomnia. Social support of healthcare workers has an indirect impact on insomnia in addition to its direct one via independent and chain-mediation effects of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety.
Maize legume relay intercrops in Malawi: meeting short- and long-term sustainability goals

chapter 9 Maize legume relay intercrops in Malawi Meeting short- and long-term sustainability goals Carol Shennan University of California, Santa Cruz Dorothy Sirrine University of California, Santa Cruz and Utopia Foundation Contents Introduction 230 Improving soil fertility in sub-Saharan Africa 231 Legume-based systems 232 A conceptual framework for assessing relative sustainability of production systems 235 9.4. 1 The importance of the time dimension 236 9.4. 2 Socioeconomic variability, vulnerability, and distributional impacts 237 9.5 Case study: legume maize relay cropping in Southern Malawi 238 9.5. 1 Study location and farmer selection 238 9.5. 2 Legume species 239 9.5. 3 Experimental design and management 239 9.5. 4 Maize yields 241 9.5. 5 Soil analysis 241 9.5. 6 Maize foliar analysis 241 9.5. 7 Legume biomass and tissue analysis 242 9.5. 8 Economic analysis 242 9.5. 9 Socioeconomic data collection and analysis 243 9.6 Case study results and discussion 243 9.7 Legume yields and N input 246 9.7. 1 Soil fertility 249 9.7. 2 Distributional economic analysis 251 9.7. 3 Legume system adoption and preference 252 9.8 Assessing sustainability 254 9.9 Conclusion 258 References 259
A new, potential and safe neoadjuvant therapy strategy in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive resectable non-small-cell lung cancer-targeted therapy: a retrospective study

Background Studies of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been conducted. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the benefits of osimertinib as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Method This retrospective study evaluated patients with EGFR mutations in exon 19 or 21 who received targeted therapy with osimertinib (80 mg per day) before surgery between January 2019 and October 2023 in Henan Cancer Hospital. Results Twenty patients were evaluated, all of whom underwent surgery. The rate of R0 resection was 100% (20/20). The objective response rate was 80% (16/20), and the disease control rate was 95% (19/20). Postoperative pathological analysis showed a 25% (5/20) major pathological response rate and 15% (3/20) pathological complete response rate. In total, 25% (5/20) developed adverse events (AEs), and the rate of grades 3–4 AEs was 10% (2/20). One patient experienced a grade 3 skin rash, and 1 patient experienced grade 3 diarrhea. Conclusion Osimertinib as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable EGFR-mutated NSCLC is safe and well tolerated. Osimertinib has the potential to improve the radical resection rate and prognosis.
High-resolution Pleistocene diatom biostratigraphy of site 983 and correlations with isotope stratigraphy

High accumulation rates and the presence of well-preserved, abundant diatoms in Site 983 sediments from the Gardar Drift gave us the opportunity to refine the Pleistocene diatom biostratigraphic resolution of the high-latitude North Atlantic. Eight Pleistocene diatom datum events are identified and, for the first time, tied directly to the oxygen isotope record and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Site 983. These datum events are (1) the last occurrence (LO) of Proboscia curvirostris at 0.3 Ma, (2) the LO of Thalassiosira jouseae at 0.3 Ma, (3) the LO of Nitzschia reinholdii at 0.6 Ma, (4) the LO of Nitzschia fossilis at 0.68 Ma. (5) the LO of Nitzschia seminae at 0.84 Ma, (6) the first occurrence (FO) of N. seminae at 1.25 Ma, (7) the FO of Proboscia curvirostris at 1.53 Ma, and (8) the FO of Pseudoeunotia doliolus at 1.89 Ma. Most of these datums are found to be synchronous between the middle and high latitudes of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific. On the basis of these datums, four high-latitude North Atlantic diatom zones are proposed for the Pleistocene. The record of diatom abundance and preservation at Site 983 gives evidence for the influence of fluctuating Pleistocene climatic conditions on diatom productivity in the high-latitude North Atlantic.
Salinity control, water reform and structural adjustment: the Tragowel Plains Irrigation district

The Tragowel Plains Irrigation District lies in the lower Loddon catchment of northern Victoria. Since the 1890s progressive development of the irrigation infrastructure of the Tragowel Plains has been accompanied by the development of irrigation induced soil salinity. In 1988 the State Government of Victoria supported the development of a community managed salinity management plan. At the same time, the water supply industry was significantly deregulated. Full cost recovery principles were applied to irrigation water pricing. Water entitlements were transformed into tradable commodities. The Tragowel Plains Salinity Plan was subsequently promoted by the Victorian government and the Loddon irrigation community as a model for encouraging structural change in a Commonwealth government facilitated regional development plan for the whole of the LoddonMurray irrigation region. The process of developing this regional development plan revealed difference in the objectives of the various actors in this new planning process. The objective of community planners was the survival of the irrigation district. One of the objectives of Commonwealth was the transfer of water from low value use to high value use. These higher value uses were potentially elsewhere in the Murray Darling Basin. Further, these actors in the planning process used differing implicit models of the process of structural change in irrigation areas. The Commonwealth representatives had an implicit model of structural change in which farm consolidation was driven by the rate of exit from farming. They were also sceptical of the capacity of the Tragowel Plains salinity plan model to facilitate significant change in water use. The community proposal argued that farm consolidation was driven by the capacity of existing businesses to fund farm expansion, and that the Tragowel Plains model was capable of facilitating significant structural change and achieving real environmental benefits. This thesis examines the outcomes of five years of Salinity Plan implementation and assesses these outcomes against the objectives of government, the community and the environmental movement, and assesses the implicit models of structural change used by the various actors. The study found that the accuracy of farmer appraisal of soil salinity has been greatly improved by the provision of soil salinity surveys. This supports one of the components of the implicit adjustment model used by the community planners – that without information from
Deflection of the progradational axis and asymmetry in tidal seaway and strait deltas: insights from two outcrop case studies

Abstract Deltas represent the major sediment source for tectonically confined, tide-dominated seaways or straits. Modern examples show how along-shore tidal currents are able to modify the impinging delta shape, generating asymmetrical coastal plains, deflected delta fronts and elongate sandbanks. Seaway or strait deltas can become become tide-influenced or tide-dominated, assuming physical attributes that may depart from classical models. Ancient deltas in seaways and straits can also reveal unexpected facies stacking and stratigraphies, which can be misinterpreted or attributed to different depositional settings. Two ancient analogues of deltas that prograded into elongate basins dominated by amplified tidal currents are presented here. A common element in these deltas is the progressive-upwards change in the dominant process of sediment dispersion recorded in the delta facies. Early stages of progradation are dominated by river- and wave-influenced lithofacies, whereas late deltaic advancements occur with a dominance of tidal current circulation on the delta fronts and the consequent morphologies are deflected/elongated in the direction of tidal flow. This study provides the basis for a preliminary stratigraphic framework for the depositional style of these types of delta. The studied deposits also suggest analogies with the spatial distribution of many hydrocarbon reservoirs investigated along the margins of confined, narrow, linear basins, the interpretation of which is still debated.
IP3Rs and nSOCE—Tied Together at Two Ends

All living organisms need to respond appropriately to changes in the extracellular milieu. Cellular mechanisms that enable such responses evolved in parallel with organismal complexity and intracellular Ca2+ signaling is one such mechanism where extracellular signals received at the cell membrane communicate with endoplasmic reticular stores of Ca2+, to stimulate appropriate Ca2+-mediated changes in cellular physiology. The amplitude and dynamics of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Ca2+ release in response to extracellular signals determines the nature of the cellular response. An understanding of how ER-Ca2+ channels might regulate cellular Ca2+ signaling in different cell types is lacking. In a recent paper, this question has been addressed in the context of neurons ( Chakraborty et al., 2023) and the implications of these new findings are discussed here.
Australian mosses - new chromosome numbers and a compilation of chromosome data

Meiotic chromosome numbers, of some 180 collections are presented, comprising 80 species in 57 genera of Australian mosses from the following 29 families: Bartramiaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Bruchiaceae, Crypheaceae, Daltoniaceae, Dicranaceae, Ditrichaceae, Echinodiaceae, Encalyptaceae, Fabroniaceae, Fissidentaceae, Funariaceae, Grimmiaceae, Hedwigiaceae, Hypnodendraceae, Hypopterygiaceae, Lembophyllaceae, Leucobryaceae, Meteoriaceae, Mitteniaceae, Mniaceae, Neckeraceae, Pottiaceae, Pterobryaceae, Ptychomniaceae, Racopilaceae, Rhizogoniaceae, Sematophyllaceae, Thuidiaceae. Many of these counts (40) are new records for Australian mosses while the others are additional reports or confirmation of previously published chromosome numbers. The identity of a specimen named as Philonotis harrisi Geh. nom nud. for which a chromosome count was published previously, has been updated and corrected to Philonotis tenuis (Taylor) Reichardt. Additional data and name corrections for some of the New Zealand moss chromosome reports by Ramsay (2009) for Funariaceae and Pottiaceae are included.
The intensive culture of nile tilapia supplemented with the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in a biofloc system

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings cultured in biofloc technology using different inoculation densities of Chlorella vulgaris. The experimental design was completely randomized with biofloc system and four densities of Chlorella vulgaris (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 x 104 cell mL-1), each with four replications. The study lasted 63 days and was carried out in tanks with a working volume of 40L, at a stocking density of 10 fish per experimental unit and a mean initial weight of approximately 1.86 g. The water quality variables showed no significant difference between treatments, especially total ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, which were within acceptable levels for culture of the species. The variables of zootechnical performance were not affected by the different inoculation densities of the microalgae, achieving a final mean weight of approximately 21 g for all treatments, and survival rates greater than 80%. The weekly inoculation densities of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris therefore had no influence on the growth of tilapia fingerlings cultured in a biofloc system.
Building Resilience and Attachment in Vulnerable Adolescents: The Feasibility of a Virtually Delivered Group Intervention for Adolescents with Suicidal Ideation and Their Caregivers

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic required many interventions to be conducted virtually. Building Resilience and Attachment in Vulnerable Adolescents (BRAVA) is a group intervention designed for adolescents and their caregivers to reduce adolescent suicidal ideation (SI). Objective: We aimed to adapt BRAVA for virtual delivery and evaluate its acceptability and feasibility. Methods: We conducted an 8-week pre–post trial between October and December 2020. Six adolescents and six primary caregivers were recruited from a pediatric hospital in Ontario, Canada. Families completed a virtual intake and exit assessment together and 6 weekly BRAVA group sessions separately. Satisfaction feedback was collected after each group session and during their exit, and clinical outcomes were collected at intake and exit. Weekly team meetings were conducted to gather clinician feedback. Results: The study uptake rate was 42.9% of eligible participants. There were no dropouts. Adolescent and caregiver attendance rates for group sessions were high (median = 6). Most youth (83.4%) and caregivers (66.7%) reported that the virtual process worked well. All caregivers (100%) agreed they would participate in a virtual group session again, compared with youth (50%). Providers approved of the virtual adaptation but identified potential improvements (e.g., manual content, safety procedures). Adolescent SI decreased significantly post-treatment (Mpre = 50.7, Mpost = 29.7, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Virtual delivery of BRAVA is acceptable and feasible and may help reduce SI in adolescents. Uptake, retention, and satisfaction were high for adolescents and caregivers. Feedback collected will improve BRAVA for future evaluations, including a randomized controlled trial.
Fry Counting Method in High-Density Culture Based on Image Enhancement Algorithm and Attention Mechanism

It is important in production to achieve accurate counting and density estimation of high-density culture fry under the environmental conditions of aquaculture scenarios in an efficient and accurate manner. However, none of the current methods for fry counting works well under the high-density and high-overlap conditions of real aquaculture scenarios. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a high-density farming fry monitoring network model, Super-Resolution GAN Density Estimate Attention Network (SGDAN), which incorporating an image enhancement algorithm and an attention mechanism, and we create a high-density farming fry dataset (HD-FryDataset) based on the environmental conditions of real aquaculture scenarios. The network model is designed to improve and optimize the targeted subnetworks for several key aspects of high-density fish fry monitoring work. Four subnetworks are included for image optimization, feature extraction, attention, and density map estimation. The experimental results show that the SGDAN network model achieved an average counting accuracy of 97.57% on the high-density culture fry dataset, which was 8.23% and 2.06% higher than those of MCNN and CSRNet, respectively. Additionally, the MAE and RMSE of the model were reduced by 71.9% and 67.3% and by 34.3% and 33.2% compared with those of MCNN and CSRNet, respectively. The model proposed in this paper also has a better ability to generate predictive density maps. The density maps generated by SGDAN have values of the evaluation metrics PSNR and SSIM of 20.33 and 0.933, respectively, which are 3.31 and 0.037 and 2.63 and 0.031 higher than those of MCNN and CSRNet. In general, the network model proposed in this paper outperforms existing network models in two applications: accurate counting of fry and generation of density maps for high-density culture in aquaculture. It also provides a good solution for digitizing the number of fry and visualizing the density of high-density culture in intelligent aquaculture systems.