Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forecasting usage and bike distribution of dockless bike‐sharing using journey data

Dockless bike-sharing (DBS) is a novel and prevalent bike-sharing system without stations or docks. DBS has the advantages of convenience and real-time positioning, whereas it brings about some problems such as bike over-supply, disordered parking, and inefficient rebalancing. Forecasting usage and bike distribution are critical in the rebalancing operation for maintaining DBS inventory. By dividing the virtual stations through K-means clustering and processing the four-week Mobike journey data of Nanjing, China, the data of usage and bike count in the 4000 virtual stations are identified. Random forest (RF) is developed to predict the real-time passenger departure, passenger arrival and bike count in the virtual stations. The operation analyses indicate that there is a positive correlation between bike count and usage. RF provides accurate predictions of usage and bike distribution, and almost outperforms five benchmark methods. Forecasting bike distribution is more challenging than forecasting usage because of the volatility of many factors. The results also suggest that bike distribution forecasting based on the usage gap prediction is better than that based on the departure and arrival prediction. This study can help DBS companies in dynamically rebalancing bikes from over-supply regions to over-demand regions in a better way.
Multivariate analysis of hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces of Southern Ethiopia

Abstract Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important traditional crops in Ethiopia. Multivariate technique is an important strategy for germplasm classification and genetic relationships among genotypes. Twenty genotype were laid out in RCBD with four replications and grown at two Research Sub Centers, at Bule in 2013 and 2014 whereas at Abera Gelede in 2014 only. The objectives were: to select the best high yielding genotypes over locations and environments; to estimate the extent of genetic variation and relationships among barley genotypes based on quantitative traits using multivariate analysis and, to identify the set of morpho-agronomic traits which could be further utilized in breeding programs. Mean grain yield over years and locations indicated that 16 genotypes gave higher yield and 4 of them were early maturing relative to the standard and local checks. The mean grain yields at Abera Gelede and Bule during 2014 were 6751 and 6380 kg ha−1, respectively. The grain yield at Bule in 2013 was low (3475 kg ha−1) as compared to 2014, this might be due to heavy rainfall during heading and flowering stage which causes flower abortion and in consequence leads yield loss. Correlation coefficients indicated that yield was positive and significantly correlated (r = 0.164, p < 0.01) with spikelet spike−1. At 85% level of similarity, the cluster analysis grouped into five clusters with 4–10 genotypes and two genotypes remaining solitary without grouping. Using Eigen value greater than one as a measure for significance of a principal component (PC), three PCs extracted about 77% of the total variance of eight quantitative traits. Of these, the first two PCs explained about 60% of the gross variance while about 37% of the total variation accounted for by the first PC alone. In this study one should concentrate on early maturing genotypes with short grain filling period and head length having many spiklete spike−1 which leads higher yield. The best genotype with high yield and other merits will be released by variety release committee for official use by farmers.
MEANINGS AND IMPACTS OF CONFEDERATE MONUMENTS IN THE U.S. SOUTH

Abstract How do citizens interpret contentious symbols that pervade their community? And what downstream effects does state protection of these symbols have on how citizens of different backgrounds feel they belong in their community? We approach these questions through the lens of race and Confederate monuments in the American South. We rely on two original surveys to illustrate 1) the symbolic meanings Americans attach to these monuments and 2) how state protection of them impacts residents’ feelings of belonging. We find that perceptions of Confederate monuments vary by race: White U.S. residents are drastically less likely to perceive them as symbolic of racial injustice than are Black U.S. residents. Further, state protection of Confederate monuments leads to a diminished sense of belonging among Blacks, while leaving Whites unaffected. This research moves beyond scholarship examining simple support for or opposition toward contentious symbols, developing a deeper understanding of what meaning those symbols can hold for individuals and what their impacts are on individuals’ feelings of belonging and engagement in their communities.
Vis-NIR Spectroscopy and Satellite Landsat-8 OLI Data to Map Soil Nutrients in Arid Conditions: A Case Study of the Northwest Coast of Egypt

The mapping of soil nutrients is a key issue for numerous applications and research fields ranging from global changes to environmental degradation, from sustainable soil management to the precision agriculture concept. The characterization, modeling and mapping of soil properties at diverse spatial and temporal scales are key factors required for different environments. This paper is focused on the use and comparison of soil chemical analyses, Visible near infrared and shortwave infrared VNIR-SWIR spectroscopy, partial least-squares regression (PLSR), Ordinary Kriging (OK), and Landsat-8 operational land imager (OLI) images, to inexpensively analyze and predict the content of different soil nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)), pH, and soil organic matter (SOM) in arid conditions. To achieve this aim, 100 surface samples of soil were gathered to a depth of 25 cm in the Wadi El-Garawla area (the northwest coast of Egypt) using chemical analyses and reflectance spectroscopy in the wavelength range from 350 to 2500 nm. PLSR was used firstly to model the relationship between the averaged values from the ASD spectroradiometer and the available N, P, and K, pH and SOM contents in soils in order to map the predicted value using Ordinary Kriging (OK) and secondly to retrieve N, P, K, pH, and SOM values from OLI images. Thirty soil samples were selected to verify the validity of the results. The randomly selected samples included the spatial diversity and characteristics of the study area. The prediction of available of N, P, K pH and SOM in soils using VNIR-SWIR spectroscopy showed high performance (where R2 was 0.89, 0.72, 0.91, 0.65, and 0.75, respectively) and quite satisfactory results from Landsat-8 OLI images (correlation R2 values 0.71, 0.68, 0.55, 0.62 and 0.7, respectively). The results showed that about 84% of the soils of Wadi El-Garawla are characterized by low-to-moderate fertility, while about 16% of the area is characterized by high soil fertility.
Optimal grading of TPMS-based lattice structures with transversely isotropic elastic bulk properties

ABSTRACT In this work, a topology optimization (TO) based framework for functional grading of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) based lattice structures is developed, implemented and demonstrated. Material interpolation laws of the gyroid, G-prime and Schwarz-D surfaces are derived by numerical homogenization for transversely isotropic elasticity and are represented as convex combinations of solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) and rational approximation of material properties (RAMP) models. These convex combinations are implemented in the TO-based compliance problem with new upper and lower bounds on the density variables representing the volume fraction limits of the lattices. The lower bound on the density variables is treated by introducing a sigmoid filter in the optimization loop forcing densities below the lower boundary towards zero. The optimal density solution is represented by Shepard interpolations or radial basis function networks, which, in turn, are utilized for the thickness grading of the TPMS-based lattices. In addition, the global boundary of the lattice structure is identified by support vector machines. Finally, a standard triangle language (STL) file is generated from the implicit surfaces by using marching cubes, which is utilized for further studies by nonlinear finite element analysis and to set up 3D printing of the optimal component quickly. The framework is demonstrated for the established L-shaped benchmark and the well-known General Electric engine bracket.
Perception of Farmers’ on Soil Fertility Problems and Replenishment Technologies in the North Rift Region of Kenya

This paper investigates the farmers’ perception on soil fertility replenishment technologies in the North Rift Region of Kenya. A survey was conducted in Trans Nzoia and Uasin Gishu counties of the North Rift Region of Kenya. A total of 108 respondents were interviewed. A two stage random sampling technique was employed in the study. In the first stage, farmer groups growing maize as the main crop were selected. The second stage involved the selection of farmers who were practicing cereal banking for ease of marketing of their produce. A survey and field demonstration plots were adopted. On-farm demonstration were carried out and used to ascertain the farmers’ perception towards the technologies. A structured questionnaire was administered to them to elicit Review Article Osundwa et al.; AJAEES, 38(10): 111-122, 2020; Article no.AJAEES. 51902 112 information on their perception on soil fertility replenishment technologies (SFRT). Descriptive statistics and the multiple regression analysis was done using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results revealed that farmers perceived that technologies could be used to address the declining soil fertility. The inputs were affordable available, the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MOALF) was effective in disseminating the technologies and that the technologies could work on any farm at mean score of 3.5, 4.1, 4.0, 3.4 and 4.6 out of 5.0 respectively. Farmers in Trans Nzoia county identified lack of capital (70.4%) compared to Uasin Gishu (39.9%) as the greatest challenge in the adoption of SFRT technologies. Credit schemes that offer loans with low interest rates should be established to enable farmers have access to credit.
Metoidioplasty using labial advancement flaps for urethroplasty

Aim: A variation of the ring metoidioplasty has been performed for masculinizing transgender surgery by the senior surgeon since 2010. It does not require buccal grafts or vaginal wall flaps. An excisional vaginectomy was completed in all patients. We sought to evaluate the urologic outcomes and complications for this technique. Further, we provide a detailed technical description of the technique, including ancillary masculinizing procedures. Methods: This is a retrospective, single surgeon chart review of all patients undergoing metoidioplasty from 2010 to 2020. Demographics, outcomes, and complications are reported. A self-reported patient questionnaire provided data on patient-perceived urologic outcomes. Results: Ninety-one patients were included in the study, with 80 (87.9%) patients reporting ability to stand and void with a strong stream. We observed five strictures (5.5%) and one fistula (1%). Scrotoplasty with tissue expanders and testicular implants were performed in 75 (82.4%) patients, while monsplasty was performed in 54
Comparison of postoperative outcomes between bilateral axillo-breast approach-robotic thyroidectomy and transoral robotic thyroidectomy.

Background The use of robotic systems for thyroidectomy has increased as it enables more diverse approaches than the conventional open method. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy (TORT) and Bilateral Axillo-Breast Approach-Robotic Thyroidectomy (BABA-RT). Methods This study was designed as a retrospective study. The included patients who underwent surgery by BABA-RT or TORT approach in our facility between 2008 and 2018. All surgeries were performed by one surgeon. Total thyroidectomy with central node dissection (CND) was performed only if tumors were >4 cm and had extrathyroidal extension, clinically apparent lymph node or distant metastases. In all other cases, lobectomy ± CND was performed. Results The group treated with TORT comprised 248 patients and the group that underwent BABA-RT had 316 patients. The number of retrieved lymph node (LN) was higher in the TORT group (4.9±4.4 vs. 4.2±4.9; P=0.01). There were no significant differences between the TORT and BABA-RT groups in concerns to the location of the tumor. Postoperative hospital stay was also shorter in the TORT group when compared with the BABA-RT group (2.8±0.90 vs. 3.4±0.97 days, P=0.012). Operative time was significantly shorter in the TORT group (204.11±40.19 vs. 243.78±57.16 min, P<0.01). Conclusions When comparing a total of 248 patients treated with TORT versus 316 with BABA-RT. TORT not only has advantages in better cosmetic outcomes with minimized postoperative scars, but also shows comparable, or even superior, surgical outcomes with shorter operation time than the BABA-RT procedure.
Uncharted Stable Peninsula for Multivariable Milling Tools by High-Order Homotopy Perturbation Method

In this work, a new method for solving a delay differential equation (DDE) with multiple delays is presented by using second- and third-order polynomials to approximate the delayed terms using the enhanced homotopy perturbation method (EMHPM). To study the proposed method performance in terms of convergency and computational cost in comparison with the first-order EMHPM, semi-discretization and full-discretization methods, a delay differential equation that model the cutting milling operation process was used. To further assess the accuracy of the proposed method, a milling process with a multivariable cutter is examined in order to find the stability boundaries. Then, theoretical predictions are computed from the corresponding DDE finding uncharted stable zones at high axial depths of cut. Time-domain simulations based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) scalograms, power spectral density (PSD) charts and Poincaré maps (PM) were employed to validate the stability lobes found by using the third-order EMHPM for the multivariable tool.
FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF CEMENTED AND INTEGRATED CERAMIC CROWNS SUPPORTED ON ZIRCONIA IMPLANT ABUTMENTS (IN VITRO STUDY)

Introduction: Even-though the demand for esthetics amplified the popularity of all-ceramic restorations, failures are reported at the interface between zirconia core and ceramic-veneer. Objectives: Comparing fracture resistance and mode of failure of cemented and integrated ceramic crowns supported on zirconia implant abutments. Materials and Methods: Cast having missing upper first premolar; was chosen. Silicone mold was made to duplicate fifteen polyurethane models. Clear surgical guide was fabricated for precise insertion of implant analogue. Models were divided into three groups (n=5). Group I (cemented crowns) Group II(integrated crowns with composite plug) Group III(integrated crowns with ceramic plug). Group I: Optical impression of zironia abutment was made then crowns were designed, milled, crystallized, and glazed. Then crowns were cemented using resin cement. Group II and III crowns were constructed using same technique as Group I but with 2 mm occlusal hole. CAD-on was used to join crowns onto abutments. Group II screw-holes were closed using composite resin, while Group III screw holes were scanned, designed, milled using Emax-CAD, then cemented using resin cement. Specimens were subjected to cyclic loading machine for 120,000 cycles, then attached to universal testing machine by cross-head speed (0.5mm/min). Specimens were examined using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: Highest mean fracture load value was GroupI (901.4±54.90)N followed by Group II (790.7±187.4)N then Group III (621.5±97.42)N. Only Group I and III showed significant difference. (P2*=0.011) Conclusions: Cemented crowns showed significant superior fracture resistance than integrated crowns with ceramic plug, and no significant difference with integrated crowns with composite plug.
Coefficients of Restitution in Normal Adhesive Impact between Smooth and Rough Elastic Bodies

n 1975, Fuller and Tabor have shown that roughness can destroy macroscopic adhesion. This means that in spite of the presence of adhesion at the microscopic scale, the macrosopic force of adhesion vanishes. The mechanism of vanishing macroscopic adhesion is very simple: during approach of elastic bodies, asperities are elastically deformed so strongly that after unloading they destroy the microscopic adhesive junctions. However, both in the moment of formation of microscopic adhesive junctions in the loading phase and their destruction during unloading, mechanical energy disappears. This means that the microscopic adhesion makes the contact dissipative even if there is no macroscopic force of adhesion. In particular, the force-distance dependency during indentation and pull-off do not coincide with each other showing some "adhesive hysteresis". When a ball rolls on such rough surface, there will be a final energy dissipation due to formation of a new contact at the frontline of the contact and its destruction at the rear part. Thus, microscopic adhesion will lead to appearance of rolling friction in an apparently non-adhesive contact. In the present paper, we calculate the approach and pull-off dependencies of force on distance, the dissipated energy in one loading-unloading cycle and estimate the force of rolling friction due to microscopic adhesion.
Online religious counseling for older adults

Studies have demonstrated the importance of online activities to wellbeing, especially in later life. The present study seeks to determine whether and how online religious counseling can improve the wellbeing of older believers. A six-month qualitative study was conducted with a group of Orthodox Jewish older adults (N = 26, aged 70-96) who manifest various types of age-related distress. The participants were home trained to use a dedicated, accessible online platform featuring religious questions and answers (Q&A). Data were collected through netnographic observation, monthly online inquiry and in-depth interviews with counselees and counselors alike. Analysis indicated that online spiritual Q&A for the elders are characterized by unique content, types and styles of discourse. Their variety reflects the heterogeneity of needs, areas of interest and worldviews among older religious adults. Participation in online religious counseling provided them with numerous religious, intellectual and social rewards. At the same time, their counselors—six rabbis that volunteered in this project—gained religious, communal, professional and psychological benefits from the opportunity to share their knowledge and advice. Anonymity, asynchronicity, digital literacy and types of questions were identified as issues that may have opposite effects on the experiences of participants and counselors, respectively. Although some factors may delay and/or diminish positive contributions, involvement in online religious counseling appears to promote wellbeing in later life. This service is particularly beneficial to Orthodox older adults with detrimental health conditions whose use of online religious Q&A helps them cope with the difficulties they face and maintain their enjoyment of life.
Effect of Soaking, Cooking, Germination and Fermentation Processing on Proximate Analysis and Mineral Content of Three White Sorghum Varieties (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

The changes in chemical composition, amylose and minerals content after soaking, cooking, germination and fermentation of threewhite sorghum varieties, named â€˜Doradoâ€™, â€˜Shandaweel-6â€™, and â€˜Giza-15â€™ were investigated. The chemical composition concluded includingcrude protein, oils, crude fiber and ash. Crude protein content ranged from 10.62 to 12.46% in raw sorghum. â€˜Shandaweel-6â€™ was thehighest variety in crude protein content (12.46%). â€˜Doradoâ€™ was the highest variety in oils and ash (3.91 and 1.45%). â€˜Shandaweel-6â€™ wasthe highest variety in crude fiber (1.85%). Amylose content ranged from 18.30 to 20.18% in raw sorghum. Amylose was higher in â€˜Giza-15â€™ than other varieties. Minerals content i.e., Zn, Fe, Ca, K, Na, Mg, Mn and Cu were investigated. Results indicated that raw â€˜Doradoâ€™was the highest variety in K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Mn (264.53, 137.14, 33.09, 7.65 and 1.98 mg/100g). While, â€˜Shandaweel-6â€™ was the highestvariety in Zn and Cu (5.02 and 0.84 mg/100 g). Finally â€˜Giza-15â€™ was the highest variety in P and Na (381.37 and 119.29 mg/100 g). After treatments chemical composition, amylose and minerals were decreased. Processing techniques reduce the levels of antinutritionalorganic factors, which including phytates, phenols, tannins and enzyme inhibitors by releasing exogenous and endogenous enzymes suchas phytase enzyme formed during processing.
Synthetic microdata for establishment surveys under informative sampling

Many agencies are investigating whether releasing synthetic microdata could be a viable dissemination strategy for highly sensitive data, such as business data, for which disclosure avoidance regulations otherwise prohibit the release of public use microdata. However, existing methods assume that the original data either cover the entire population or comprise a simple random sample, which limits the application of these methods in the context of survey data with unequal weights. This paper discusses synthetic data generation under informative sampling. To utilise design information in survey weights, we rely on the pseudo likelihood approach when building a hierarchical Bayesian model to estimate the distribution of the finite population. Then, synthetic populations are randomly drawn from the estimated finite population density. We present the full conditional distributions of the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for posterior inference with the pseudo likelihood function. Using simulation studies, we show that the suggested synthetic data approach offers high utility for design‐based and model‐based analyses while offering a high level of disclosure protection. We apply the proposed method to a subset of the 2012 U.S. Economic Census and evaluate results with utility metrics and disclosure avoidance metrics under data attacker scenarios commonly used for business data.
Anticarcinogenic Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Sprouted Legumes

ABSTRACT Germinated legumes are sources of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds (PC), with beneficial effects, one and the most relevant is anticancer activity (colon, breast, among others). Colon cancer is a severe worldwide public health concern, development of the sporadic type is mainly related to eating habits and lifestyle; but also, this type is the most frequent. Legumes have been the main sources of PC and their action on colon cancer has been studied already. Sprouting process enhances the production and types of PC, which have shown biological activities against colon cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which PC from germinated legumes can act beneficially on colon cancer are still unknown. This review retrieves evidence that germinated legumes improve the amount and types of PC with anti-colon cancer activity.