Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rare diseases website - Developing the Parent-to-Parent Content of a Rare Disease Website in Ireland

In 2014 parents participated in a previous study examining the development for the first Irish website for parents of children with rare conditions. A compelling finding from that study was parents’ need for a live parent-to-parent support feature to be included in the proposed development of any website. Building on this, this study that was funded by the Irish Research Council and in collaboration with the Saoirse Foundation, investigated with parents’ the idea of a live parent-to-parent support feature. The two studies are timely and coincide with the National Rare Disease Plan (DoH 2014) and the establishment of the National Rare Diseases Office (2015). Aim This study aimed to further explore parents’ requirements for a live parent-to-parent support feature on the website. Method Ten parents were interviewed in the study. Results All participants had engaged previously with parent-to-parent support and online support communities. Parents strongly supported the development of an innovative Irish website for parents of children with rare conditions with a live parent-to-parent feature. Parents felt that living in Ireland they need the support of an Irish community to share experiences similar to their own. In the website content participants would like descriptions of conditions as they develop over the lifespan of the child, also information on undiagnosed conditions including those that are unexplained, a database containing parent details (similar to UNIQUE) and a system for parents to contact ‘expert groups’ of parents. They also indicated that while a website was very important it was not sufficient to meet their needs participants’ required face-to-face meetings with other parents. Finally, parents felt that while this live site should have international links, it should be Irish, specifically supporting parents in Ireland and providing Irish information.
MICROBIAL QUALITY OF MILK AVAILABLE IN KATHMANDU VALLEY

With an objective to find microbial quality of the market milk available in Kathmandu valley, this study was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory, Himalayan College of Agriculture Science and Technology (HICAST). Different milk brands were collected from different outlets in the valley and analyzed for microbial quality. The samples were cultured using the standard microbiological techniques. Almost all the samples showed the presence of bacterial growth including coliform bacteria. The bacterial isolates were of 7 different genera. E. coli was the most frequently isolated organism (92%) followed by coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) (24%). Other organisms isolated were Bacillus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Salmonella species, Shigella species. The culture results were similar to direct microscopic count results and showed that bacterial contamination in some of the samples was too numerous to be counted. Thus, it was concluded that the market milk available in Kathmandu is contaminated with various types of microorganisms and does not meet the required standard. The dairy industries should work seriously to maintain the standards of their products. * Integrated Bioscientific Research Group (BIOINT), Kupondol, Lalitpur, Nepal. ** Himalayan College of Agriculture Science and Technology (HICAST), Gatthaghar, Bhaktapur, Nepal. Address for correspondence : Charu Arjyal Integrated Bioscientific Research Group (BIOINT), Kupondol, Lalitpur, Nepal. Email: charuarjyal@hotmail.com Key Words: Microbiology, Contamination, Milk, Quality, Coliform.
Adaptation of the Modified Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (Baecke) to the portuguese population

Theoretical Framework: The use of questionnaires to assess physical activity has become widespread in recent years. Objectives: To contribute to a modified version of the Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (Baecke) to the portuguese population; describe the linguistic adaptation process of the questionnaire and analyse its psychometric properties; assess the level of physical activity; and analyse the relationship between the socio-demographic variables and the level of physical activity. Methodology: Items were independently translated and back-translated and a first version of the questionnaire was applied in a pilot study, resulting in a consensus version. The portuguese version was administered to a convenience sample, with 339 adults in the community, aged between 23 and 60 years, both female (69.9%) and male (30.1%). Results: The portuguese version was found to have satisfactory psychometric qualities, which were identical to those of the original questionnaire. It is a short instrument, easily understood and well accepted by participants. Conclusion: The application of this questionnaire allows for an initial assessment of the level of physical activity in leisure time to support the planning of interventions promoting physical activity.
Surrogate Measures of Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk - Why the Uncertainty? A Review of Recent Meta-Analytic Studies

The increasing obesity epidemic has become a significant public health concern worldwide, as excess body fat has been shown to be strongly related to cardiometabolic risk. Measurement of adiposity is commonly used as an indicator of health and various anthropometric measurement procedures have been proposed to characterise individual susceptibility to cardiometabolic conditions. Although extensive research has attempted to quantify relationships between different adiposity measures and morbidity, results have been conflicting and inconclusive, and considerable controversy still exists as to which anthropometric measurement most accurately defines nonoptimal body fat distribution.In this review we describe the most commonly used indices of general and central adiposity and review the most recently completed meta-analytic studies to determine which adiposity measure is most strongly associated with, and the best discriminator of, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Increasing attendance at a cardiac rehabilitation programme: an intervention study using the Theory of Planned Behaviour

SUMMARY. Now that cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to be an efficient and effective use of resources, resulting in reduced mortality and morbidity, it is essential that as many people as possible are given the opportunity to benefit from it. But, despite proven benefits, uptake of services can be low. The aim of this research was to develop and implement a psychological intervention to influence patients’ beliefs about recovery and cardiac rehabilitation, in order to increase their attendance rates at a CR programme. The intervention was based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and took the form of two letters given to patients post myocardial infarction ( nD 87). Using a randomized control trial design, attendance rates for those patients who received the intervention letters were compared with patients in a control group who received nominal letters. Attendance rates for the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P< 0:0025). This study shows that an intervention in the form of two letters given to patients can increase the number of people who attend a cardiac rehabilitation programme. C
The Characteristics of Patients with Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome in a Medical Center in Southern Taiwan

Aim-To explore the characteristics of patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) in a medical center in southern Taiwan. Methods-We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of patients with APS (n=19) who were at our institution from 1995 through 2006. Results-Autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, and myasthenia gravis were observed in 100%, 79%, and 16% of cases, respectively. Primary adrenal insufficiency was not found. None of them had a family history of thyroid disease or diabetes. The most common disease combination was type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease (79%). Type 1 diabetes was the first manifestation of APS in 37% of patients, but the coexistence of two or more components was observed in 42% of patients. The time interval between the first and the secondary manifestations of APS varied widely. When type 1 diabetes was the first manifestation, a body weight change with stable glycemic control might predict the development of autoimmune thyroid disease. Conclusion-Patients with any component of APS warrant screening for other components.
miR-190b promotes colorectal cancer progression through targeting forkhead box protein P2

microRNA-190b (miR-190b) is abnormally expressed in multiple types of cancer, however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. In the present study, it was demonstrated that miR-190b expression was upregulated in CRC cell lines compared with the normal epithelial colon cell line. Knockdown of miR-190b decreased proliferation, colony formation and invasion, and increased apoptosis of CRC cells. Furthermore, forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) was predicted as a target of miR-190b and further validated by luciferase activity reporter assay and western blotting. Rescue experiments showed that knockdown of FOXP2 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-190b inhibitor on the behavior of the CRC cell lines. Taken together, the present study demonstrated the oncogenic role of miR-190b in CRC through regulation of FOXP2 expression.
Intrauterine Device in the Immediate Postpartum: Study Comparing Insertion after Cesarean Section and Vaginal Delivery

Objective To compare the safety, side effects and failure rates of contraception copper intrauterine device (IUDs) in the immediate postpartum period after a vaginal delivery and during a cesarean section. Patients and methods This was a descriptive and analytical study, conducted in Gynecology and Obstetrics departments hospital Pikine and Abass Ndao hospitals. It compared two groups of women with IUDs in the immediate postpartum period after a vaginal delivery and during cesarean section. Our sample consisted of 215 patients. We had divided them into two groups: group 1 consisted of 115 patients who delivered by cesarean section; Group 2 consisted of 100 patients who delivered vaginally and whom the insertion was made in post placental or within 48 hours after birth. The variables studied were the sociodemographic characteristics, characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth, insertion procedures, follow up with the assessment of side effects and complications. Results and comments The socio-demographic characteristics were superimposed in both groups. Nine patients were lost to follow up, 4 in group 1 and 5 in group 2. The complaints such as pain (3.7% for Group 1 against 2.6% for group 2), vaginal bleeding (2.1% for group 2, and 1.8% for group 1) were rarely reported and stackable in both groups. After 6 months of follow up, the menses was observed in 42.8% of group 2 against 43.1% of group 1. The abnormal menstrual flow, evaluated by the Higham score, was noted in 29.6% of group 2 and 25% of group 1, and was dominated by excessive bleeding. They motivated IUD removal in two patients. A significant difference was found in the perception of IUD strings, it was effective in 95.4% of patients in group 2 against 50.5% for group 1. The evictions were 9 at 3-month follow-up 7 related group 2 and 2 for Group 1. It was partial (isthmic IUD) and total expulsion. At 6 months follow-up, 3 cases of partial expulsion were noted and concerned only group 2. This made a total expulsion rate of 5.3%, with 9.5% for group 2, and 1.8% for group 1. no cases of pregnancy or uterine perforation had been reported during this study. A vaginal sampling was performed in all our patients and the results were generally comparable in both groups and normal in most cases. However, we noted 17.6% of infection in group 2, and 16.2% in group 1. Conclusion From the results of our study, we can say that IUD insertion in the period of immediate postpartum remains safe and effective regardless of the way of delivery. The risk of expulsion is minimal so acceptable.
Epidemiological pattern of oral squamous cell carcinoma seen at the Tygerberg academic complex

BackgroundRecent epidemiological reports established that there is an increase in the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in young patients. Some report this to be in the absence of contributing habits such as smoking and alcohol use. Few reports of such a nature have reported a similar trend in South Africa. This study was conducted to describe epidemiological pattern of oral squamous cell carcinoma seen at the Tygerberg academic complex in South Africa in the period from 1996 to 2013. Materials and Methods: Histopathological biopsy reports of patients diagnosed by the oral pathology department of Tygerberg hospital from 1996 to 2013 were electronically retrieved and included. Patients were grouped by age into two groups, one included patients 40 years and younger, the other included patients older than 40 years. Descriptive analysis was performed for age, sex, smoking and alcohol habits and oral site of tumor. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used as appropriate. Probabilities of less than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: The total number of OSCC patients over the 18-year period was 2220. The mean age was 57.6 years. The male to female ratio was 2.9:1 for all age groups and 2.2:1 for young patients. The majority of patients (96%) were above 40 years old. Smoking and alcohol were commonly reported for all age groups (91.3%) and (83.8%) for young patients. OSCC patients who were younger than 40 years of age represented 4% of the whole study sample. Conclusion The study confirmed that OSCC is still an affliction of people older than 40 years and males are predominantly affected. Smoking and alcohol are strong risk factors for OSCC irrespective of patient's age. OSCC among people older than 40 years may have no great difference from the same disease affecting younger ones in terms of sex, oral habits and tumor site.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INFANT ORAL HEALTH EDUCATION FOR FRESHMEN DENTAL STUDENTS

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate an infant oral health (IOH) educational program to target freshmen dental students. Methods: A pretest assessment in form of a questionnaire was completed before and immediately after the introduction of 14-minute educational intervention in form of PowerPoint presentation with video. The questionnaire was based on the information presented. Six questions were added to the post test to ask whether students thought the presentation was helpful in improving their knowledge. Results: Before intervention; 45% rated their knowledge of IOH as minimal and 55% as general. These ratings improved after intervention and became 5% minimal, 90% general and 5% extensive. There was a significant difference for the correct answers between the pretest and post-test scores (P < 0.001). The mean score (+ SD) on the pretest was (6.03 ± 0.63), and the mean score on the post-test was (9.40 ± 0.96). Ninety five percent reported the presentation was helpful in improving their understanding of IOH and 67.5% reported they were very likely to use the information.
The needs of young carers and the role of the school nurse

Young carers provide a significant contribution to society in their caring role, which is in line with the UK Government's Big Society agenda. In contrast with their contribution to society, young carers have huge associated costs related to poor outcomes and the numbers that end up not in employment, education or training (NEET). Missing school due to caring responsibilities is likely to have affect future education and job prospects. Understanding the impact of the caring role on the school experience of young carers will enable school nurses to provide appropriate support for young carers, improving their school experience and subsequent outcomes.
Music Therapy Support Groups for Family Caregivers of Individuals Residing in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Survey of Music Therapists and Interviews With Current Family Caregivers

This study examined the use of music therapy as a way to provide support to family caregivers of individuals residing in long-term care facilities. The use of music therapy as a way to support caregivers is not well documented in the current existing literature, especially for caregivers who have transitioned their loved ones into a long-term care facility. This study used a mixed methods design. A survey of current music therapy practice was sent to 139 board-certified music therapists who were currently working with older adults. A total of 31 respondents (response rate of 22%) provided information about their knowledge, confidence, and use of music therapy to support family caregivers. The results indicated that music therapists support the idea but have not implemented support groups in their facilities. Two family caregivers shared their caregiving story to provide information about the needs of caregivers. Both interviewees expressed the need for a support group for this population. The study also included recommendations for future music therapy support groups for family caregivers of individuals residing in long-term care facilities. The results of the study indicate that there is a need for more support for this population.
Correlation Between Postoperative 3-[123I]Iodo-l-α-Methyltyrosine Uptake and Survival in Patients with Gliomas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of SPECT imaging using the amino acid analog 3-[123 I]iodo-L-amethyltyrosine (IMT) in patients with gliomas. Methods: One hundred fourteen consecutive patients with newly diagnosed gliomas were examined by IMT SPECT (low-grade glioma, n 5 12; anaplastic astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma, n 5 46; glioblastoma, n 5 56). Seventy-one of these patients had undergone tumor resection 4 ‐ 6 wk before SPECT imaging (group A). Forty-three patients with unresectable tumors were examined after stereotactic biopsy (group B). IMT uptake at the site of the tumor was assessed visually and quantified relative to a contralateral reference region (IMT uptake ratio). After IMT SPECT, all patients were treated with conformal radiotherapy. The median follow-up time was 27 mo. Results: In group A, focal IMT uptake at the resection site was visible in 52 of 71 patients (73%). Median survival was only 13 mo in these patients, whereas median survival was reached in patients without focal IMT uptake (P 5 0.02). Furthermore, the intensity of IMT uptake significantly correlated with survival: patients with an IMT uptake ratio . 1.7 were at a 4.6 times higher risk of death than were patients with a lower IMT uptake (P , 0.001). The IMT uptake ratio remained a significant prognostic factor when age and grading were included in a multivariate model. In contrast, IMT uptake did not correlate with survival in group B (P 5 0.95). Conclusion: In patients with unresectable high-grade gliomas, IMT uptake appears not to correlate with the biologic aggressiveness of tumor cells. Nevertheless, the clear association between focal IMT uptake after tumor resection and poor survival suggests that IMT is a specific marker for residual tumor tissue. Therefore, IMT SPECT is expected to become a valuable tool for the planning and monitoring of local therapeutic modalities.
Lack of Association between Cytokine Genetic Polymorphisms in Takayasu’s Arteritis in Mexican Patients

Aim: To investigate the relation between polymorphisms in the interleukin 10 (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interferon (IFN)-γ genes and Takayasu’s arteritis in the Mexican population. Methods: A case-control study was performed to investigate the associations of IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β and IFN-γ polymorphisms in a sample of 52 Takayasu’s arteritis patients, diagnosed according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and EULAR PRINTO criteria when the patients were under 18 years of age; 60 clinically healthy unrelated Mexican individuals by the 5′ exonuclease TaqMan polymerase chain reaction. Polymorphic haplotypes were constructed after linkage disequilibrium analysis. Results: Significant differences were not found in the distribution for genotype and allele frequencies of the polymorphisms studied between healthy controls and Takayasu´s arteritis patients. Likewise, significant associations were not detected in the haplotype analysis with the different genes studied. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the polymorphisms in IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β and IFN-γ might not contribute to the susceptibility of Takayasu´s arteritis in the Mexican population.
Guidelines for the management of HIV-infected children (National Department of Health, South Africa 2005)

Extracted from text . THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE november 2005 33 G U I D E L I N E S GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN (NATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, SOUTH AFRICA 2005) A summary of antiretroviral treatment guidelines Tammy Meyers, FCPaed (SA) Harriet Shezi Children's Clinic, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg Brian Eley, FCPaed (SA) Red Cross Children's Hospital, Cape Town National guidelines for the management of HIV-infected children in South Africa have been developed as a consensus document by practising HIV clinicians around the country. Guidelines for antiretroviral (ARV) management of children appear in a booklet .
The Impact of Tax Incentives and IFRS Adoption on Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries

This study analyzes the effect of the tax incentive (proxied by tax rate and tax holiday) and IFRS adoption on the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in ASEAN countries by using panel data regression. This study is conducted in 9 ASEAN countries, with the timeframe of study being from 2006 to 2015. To produce a more reliable result, the study also utilised several control variables: market size, openness to trade, construction, unemployment rate, and public debt. Based on a random effect model, there are three important results. First, tax rate makes a negative impact on FDI inflows. Second, tax holiday has no statistically significant impact on FDI inflows. Third, IFRS adoption has a positive impact on the FDI inflows. The government’s policy in determining the tax incentive and the decision in IFRS adoption provide an institutional advantage, which have added value to support an investor’s decision to transfer FDI to the country.