Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute and repeated administration of oxycodone and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal on Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS) in rats

Incidence of prescription opioid abuse and overdose, often led by oxycodone, continues to increase, producing twice as many overdose deaths than heroin. Surprisingly, preclinical reports relevant to oxycodone abuse-related effects are relatively sparse considering its history and patient usage. The goal of this study was to characterize dose- and time-dependent effects of acute and repeated oxycodone administration in a frequency-rate intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) procedure, an assay often predictive of drug-related reinforcing effects, in male Sprague-Dawley rats. We hypothesized that oxycodone would produce a biphasic profile of rate-increasing and rate-decreasing effects maintained by ICSS similar to mu opioid receptor agonists. Oxycodone (0.03, 0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg, s.c.) produced dose- and time-dependent alterations on ICSS, with the predicted biphasic profile of rate-increasing effects at lower stimulation frequencies followed by rate-decreasing effects at higher frequencies. Peak effects were observed between 30 and 60 min that were reversed by naloxone pretreatment (30 min). Tolerance to rate-decreasing effects was observed over a five day period when treated with 1 mg/kg oxycodone b.i. d. Subsequently, the dosing regimen was increased to 3 mg/kg b.i. d. over ten days, although further marked tolerance did not develop. When then challenged with 10 mg/kg naloxone, a significant suppression below baseline levels of ICSS-maintained responding occurred indicative of dependence that recovered to baseline within 5 h. The results of this study provide the first report of acute and chronic effects of oxycodone on responding maintained by ICSS presentation and the use of ICSS-maintained responding to characterize its tolerance and dependence effects.
Clinical Course of Schizophrenia: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

The authors critically review the existing literature on the outcome of schizophrenia in non-Western countries. Compared to studies conducted in Europe and North America, the majority of these non-Western longitudinal followup studies indicated significantly better outcome. Such cross-national variations in the outcome of schizophrenia have been substantiated by two large-scale multicentered studies sponsored by the World Health Organization. Along with this literature review, the authors also discuss potential methodological problems of these studies and examine in detail several key hypotheses concerning mediating factors that could differentially influence the fate of schizophrenic patients in divergent cultural settings. Finally, specific suggestions are made for future research directions.
Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease for Management Optimization: Systematic Review and Consensus Statements From the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease– Ahead Program

SP EC IA L AR TI CL ES Amanda Ricciuto,* Martine Aardoom,* Esther Orlanski-Meyer,* Dan Navon, Nicholas Carman, Marina Aloi, Jiri Bronsky, Jan Däbritz, Marla Dubinsky, Séamus Hussey, Peter Lewindon, Javier Martín De Carpi, Víctor Manuel Navas-López, Marina Orsi, Frank M. Ruemmele, Richard K. Russell, Gabor Veres, Thomas D. Walters, David C. Wilson, Thomas Kaiser, Lissy de Ridder, Dan Turner,* and Anne M. Griffiths, on behalf of the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease–Ahead Steering Committee
among with in the and Japan.

Objective: It has been claimed that the aneurysm rate for Kawasaki disease (KD) patients in Japan is lower than in the U.S. However it has been dif ﬁ cult to compare coronary artery (CA) outcomes between the two countries because of different de ﬁ nitions for CA abnormalities. Therefore, we compared CA internal diameters between Japanese and U.S. KD patients using standard de ﬁ nitions and methods. Study design: We retrospectively reviewed CA outcomes in 1082 KD patients from 2 centers in the U.S. and 3 centers in Japan and compared Z-max scores (maximum internal diameter for the left anterior descending or right coronary artery expressed as standard deviation units from the mean (Z-score) normalized for body surface area) obtained within 12 weeks after onset and calculated using two different regression equations from Canada (Dallaire) and Japan (Fuse). We de ﬁ ned a Z-max of b 2.5 as normal and a Z-max of ≥ 10 as giant aneurysm. Result: The median Z-max for the U.S. and Japanese subjects was 1.9 and 2.3 SD units, respectively (p b 0.001). There was no signi ﬁ cant difference in rates of patients with Z-max ≥ 5.0 between the countries. In a multivariable model adjusting for age, sex, and treatment response, being Japanese was still associated with a higher Z-max score. Conclusion: Previously reported differences in aneurysm rates between Japan and the U.S. likely resulted from use of different de ﬁ nitions and nomenclature. Adoption of Z-scores as a standard for reporting CA internal diameters will allow meaningful comparisons among different countries and will facilitate international, collaborative clinical trials.
Integrin a 2 b 1 (VLA-2) is a principal receptor used by neutrophils for locomotion in extravascular tissue

Cell adhesion molecules are critically in-volvedinthemultistepprocessofleukocyte recruitment in inﬂammation. The speciﬁc receptors used by polymorphonuclear leu-kocytes(PMN)forlocomotioninextravascu- lartissuehaveasyetnotbeenidentiﬁed. By means of immunoﬂuorescence ﬂow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy, this study demonstrated that surface expression of the a 2 b 1 (VLA-2) integrin, though absent on blood PMN, is induced in extravasated PMN collected from human skinblisterchambers,andratPMNaccumu-latedintheperitonealcavityafterchemotac- ticstimulation.Intravitaltime-lapsevideomi-croscopy was used to investigate chemoattractant-induced PMN locomotion in the rat mesentery in vivo. Local administration of function-blocking monoclonal antibody or peptide recognizing the a 2 b 1 integrin reduced PMN migration velocity in the extravascular tissue by 73% 6 3% and 70% 6 10%,respectively(means 6 SD). The distancef-met-leu-phepeptide(fMLP)-stimu-latedhumanPMNmigratedinacollagengel in vitro was markedly reduced by treatment with anti- a 2 mAbs or peptide, whereas no effect was observed with antibodies or peptides recognizing the a 4 b 1 or a 5 b 1 integrins. Further evidence for a critical role of expression of a 2 b 1 integrin in PMN locomotion in extravascular tissue was obtained in the mouse air pouch model of acute inﬂam-mationwherechemoattractant-inducedPMN recruitment was substantially inhibited by local anti- a 2 mAb treatment. Thus, expression of a 2 b 1 integrin on extravasated PMN has been identiﬁed and a novel role of this receptor in regulating the extravascular phase of leukocyte trafficking in inﬂammation has been formulated. (Blood. 2000;95: 1804-1809) all mAbs µg/mL, DGEA µM. The tetrapeptide RGDV was used as control for DGEA at a concentration of 5 mM. Four to 6 experiments were run in duplicate gels for each reagent tested and 10 randomly chosen microscopic ﬁelds (with a deﬁned area of 0.0625 mm 2 ) were analyzed in each gel. The migration of PMN into the gel was analyzed with an Leitz Orthoplan microscope equipped with a by focusing down through the gel. The calibrated micrometer scale in the ﬁne focus adjustment was used to determine the migration distance of individual PMN from the upper The average migration distance of the 3 leading cells in each ﬁeld was calculated and deﬁned as the migration distance of the leading front.
A survey on sampling and probe methods for inverse problems

The goal of the review is to provide a state-of-the-art survey on sampling and probe methods for the solution of inverse problems. Further, a configuration approach to some of the problems will be presented. We study the concepts and analytical results for several recent sampling and probe methods. We will give an introduction to the basic idea behind each method using a simple model problem and then provide some general formulation in terms of particular configurations to study the range of the arguments which are used to set up the method. This provides a novel way to present the algorithms and the analytic arguments for their investigation in a variety of different settings. In detail we investigate the probe method (Ikehata), linear sampling method (Colton–Kirsch) and the factorization method (Kirsch), singular sources method (Potthast), no response test (Luke–Potthast), range test (Kusiak, Potthast and Sylvester) and the enclosure method (Ikehata) for the solution of inverse acoustic and electromagnetic scattering problems. The main ideas, approaches and convergence results of the methods are presented. For each method, we provide a historical survey about applications to different situations.
The Efficacy and Safety of Iodine-125 Implantation Combined with Gemcitabine in the Treatment of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

and of included the overall remission response (CR)+partial response (PR)] overall (OS), hypofunction of the clinical (CBR) and Results: Totally, 19 studies involving 1496 patients were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that efficacy and safety of patients treated with Iodine-125 combined with gemcitabine were superior to those undergoing gemcitabine alone: overall remission (CR+PR) rate ratio (OR)=3.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.40, 4.00; P<0.00001], ratio (HR)=0.56, 95% 0.47, 0.68; P<0.00001], hypofunction of (OR=1.08, 95% P=0.75), CBR rate (OR=3.85, 95% P<0.00001), survival rate of six months (OR=3.44 95% CI: 1.83, 6.46) and survival rate of 12 months (OR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.68, 4.26). And there was no statistical association in adverse events between the groups. Conclusions: The combination of iodine-125 seed implantation and gemcitabine significantly prolonged the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer, compared with the gemcitabine alone, indicating a better prognosis.
Identification of novel integrin binding partners for CIB1: structural and thermodynamic basis of CIB1 promiscuity

The short cytoplasmic tails of the α and β chains of integrin adhesion receptors regulate integrin activation and cell signaling. Significantly less is known about proteins that bind to α -integrin cytoplasmic tails (CTs) than β -CTs to regulate integrins. CIB1 was previously identified as an α IIb binding partner that inhibits agonist-induced activation of the platelet-specific integrin, α IIb β 3. A sequence alignment of all α -integrin CTs revealed that key residues in the CIB1 binding site on α IIb are well-conserved, and was used to delineate a consensus binding site (I/L-x-x-x-L/M-W/Y-K-x-G-F-F). Because the CIB1 binding site on α IIb is conserved in all α -integrins, and CIB1 expression is ubiquitous, we asked if CIB1 could interact with other α -integrin CTs. We predicted that multiple α -integrin CTs were capable of binding to the same hydrophobic binding pocket on CIB1 with docking models generated by all-atom replica exchange discrete molecular dynamics. After demonstrating novel in vivo interactions between CIB1 and other whole integrin complexes with co-immunopreceipitations, we validated the modeled predictions with solid-phase competitive binding assays showing that other α -integrin CTs compete with the α IIb CT for binding to CIB1 in vitro . Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements indicated that this binding is driven by hydrophobic interactions and depends on residues in the CIB1 consensus binding site. These new mechanistic details of CIB1-integrin binding imply that CIB1 could bind to all integrin complexes and act as a broad regulator of integrin function. ITC of α 4 was performed in ITC buffer without any NaCl due to peptide solubility issues. α IIb binding to CIB1 was also tested in the absence of NaCl with insignificant effects on the binding affinity. However, the thermodynamic properties suggest a change in the mechanism of binding. N.D. Not determinable. The CIB1 binding affinities of these ligands must be greater than the upper limit of detection for ITC (100 μM).
PLACE ATTACHMENT, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND THREAT PERCEPTIONS OF UTAH WILDERNESS

Place Attachment is the emotional and functional relationships that tie humans to natural environments. It has been shown to impact a person’s ability to perceive threats significantly. This study compares the varying levels of Place Attachment with individual knowledge associated with the negative impacts of Climate Change. This study tested three hypotheses to investigate the relationships between individual levels of place attachment and awareness of current climate risks. Using an online questionnaire distributed to individuals (N= 110) associated with the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, we found significant relationships between Place Attachment styles and personal perceptions of Climate Change. These findings suggest that as individuals develop stronger attachment levels, they display more knowledge of climate threats impacting Utah wilderness areas. Climate-related threats will continue to increase, and understanding the possible relationship between individuals and place can serve as a motivational factor to induce change.
History, Etiology, and Treatment of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is an acquired, rare, nonmalignant hematological disease that is characterized by uncontrolled complement activation and thus intravascular hemolysis. It is caused by somatic mutations in the PIG-A gene that leads to a deficiency in necessary GPI-anchored proteins, which leads to uncontrolled complement activation and thus the clinical manifestations that PNH is often associated with. It is generally accepted that Dr. Paul Strübing first described the disease in 1882, albeit it was Thomas Hale Ham who designed the first diagnostic test (Ham test or acidified serum test) to diagnose the rare disease. Since then, Ham’s test has become obsolete and PNH is detected via flow cytometry. PNH is divided into 3 categories: classical, presence of another bone marrow failure syndrome, and subclinical. Classic PNH is often associated with bone marrow failure, intravascular hemolysis, and/or thrombophilia. A thromboembolic event is the most common cause of mortality for patients with PNH. Before the introduction of anti-complement drugs, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was a common therapy for patients with PNH, although it carried significant risk and has declined drastically as the preferred treatment option of patients. Presently, there are 3 FDA-approved drugs, two terminal complement inhibitors (eculizumab and ravulizumab) and one proximal complement inhibitor (pegcetacoplan). Eculizumab remains the mainstay of treatment as it has since 2007. There is ongoing research and clinical trials in other proximal complement inhibitors to relieve patients of extravascular hemolysis and other common side effects.
Development, Implementation and Evaluation of Educational Package for Controlling Metabolic Syndrome Components: a quasi-experimental trial in Iran CURRENT STATUS: POSTED

Background This study was to develop, implement, and evaluate the impact of lifestyle education package in order to control metabolic syndrome components. Methods Totally, 72 women and men aged 18-68 years with MetS from two health centers enrolled through randomized sampling to either intervention group who take usual care plus a 3-month lifestyle modification intervention or control group. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and fasting blood glucose were assessed at baseline and after 3month. Results Lifestyle modification program was associated with modest weight loss (2 ± 0.4 kg, P<0.001), a significant reduction in waist circumference (2.3 ± 0.9 cm, P <0.001) and hip circumference (1 ± 0.3cm, P <0.001), and a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (5.3 ± 1.4 mm Hg, P<0.001) compared with baseline values in the intervention group. Also, 33.8% of the changes in metabolic syndrome components were attributable to educational intervention (P<0.001, F= 5.27). Conclusions Lifestyle educational package had a significant effect on waist, hip circumference, and diastolic blood pressure at a 3-month. It is suggested that long-term educational interventions should perform to control other MetS components such as blood sugar and systolic blood pressure. This study retrospectively in the Iranian 2020-02-23.
Gabapentin in Cattle: A Pharmacology Snapshot

: Gabapentin (GBP) is an antiepileptic and analgesic drug that is derived from gamma-aminobutyric acid. It is used as an analgesic in multimodal pain management, as well as an anticonvulsant and anxiolytic, off-label in animals. Particularly, oral GBP prescriptions for cattle are becoming increasingly popular. Since its introduction into cattle farm practices, several types of research on GBP in cattle have been published, covering pharmacokinetics and safety studies. Other studies concerning cattle dehorning and lameness have found synergism when GBP and meloxicam are co-administered. Because of the significant therapeutic effect of these medications when used together, practical veterinarians might be able to execute other surgical procedures on cattle without causing pain to the animals. This is important because pain management and the prevention of animal suffering are critical components of the animal well-being approach in veterinary medicine. Oral doses between 10 and 20 mg/kg were safe, and effective in dehorning and lameness, in combination with MEL. Such dose is preferable to be administered 8 h before any procedure, as part of the preemptive therapy. This review focuses on the clinical applications and therapeutic effects of GBP in cattle, both for farming practices and surgical interventions.
Data Science Through the Looking Glass

The recent success of machine learning (ML) has led to an explosive growth of systems and applications built by an ever-growing community of system builders and data science (DS) practitioners. This quickly shifting panorama, however, is challenging for system builders and practitioners alike to follow. In this paper, we set out to capture this panorama through a wide-angle lens, performing the largest analysis of DS projects to date, focusing on questions that can advance our understanding of the field and determine investments. Specifically, we download and analyze (a) over 8M notebooks publicly available on GITHUB and (b) over 2M enterprise ML pipelines developed within Microsoft. Our analysis includes coarse-grained statistical characterizations, finegrained analysis of libraries and pipelines, and comparative studies across datasets and time. We report a large number of measurements for our readers to interpret and draw actionable conclusions on (a) what system builders should focus on to better serve practitioners and (b) what technologies should practitioners rely on.
The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Flexible Working Arrangement and Task Performance

The Covid-19 Pandemic affects the way of working in Indonesia that forces the banking industry to adjust its leading service while ensures employees finish their task-performance well by giving them the support they need. This research examines the effect of employees' perceived organizational support on implementing flexible working arrangements and its impact on task performance through organizational commitment. This research uses a quantitative research design through primary data collection, collecting 361 data at PT. Bank X. Then, the data is analyzed with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test the overall construct of the research model. The results indicate that perceived organizational support has a significantly positive effect on the flexible working arrangement, and therefore reinforces organizational commitment, then as a sequence impacts task performance. Finally, these results suggest that PT. Bank X continues implementing flexible working arrangements by creating a permanent company policy that leads to higher organizational commitment after the pandemic and gives more supporting tools to help employees finish their task performance. This research can help companies in the same type of industry to implement flexible working arrangements and increase their employee task performance This study finds that employees in PT. Bank X during a pandemic are more attached to the organization, it shows from the respondents answer strongly to stay in this at this and keep their commitment to finish all the tasks to Respondents also showed that organizations can still give more support so as more clear boundaries between and private and more benefit allowance to help them work.
Benchmark of Circularity Indicators and Links with Life Cycle Assessment

Deploying the right circularity indicators (c-indicators) is key to assessing and improving the performance of products, companies, and regions from a circular economy (CE) perspective. Building on the initial taxonomy of c-indicators, this project extends the identification of sets of c-indicators to more than 100. Working with a think tank of CE experts from major French industrial companies, five new features have been added to better characterize a set of c-indicators to its practical use in an industrial context. These new features are: (i) CE spheres considered, (ii) life cycle stages covered, (iii) the availability of use cases, (iv) the popularity, and (v) transparency. Statistical trends and critical analysis on these c-indicators are then given. On this basis, a set of ten complementary c-indicators is particularly proposed, covering a wider spectrum of the CE paradigm, including, e.g., material flow, energy flow, impact, design, and corporate-based indicators. In practice, to support decision-makers in the industry (e.g., managers, engineers, product leaders, designers) compute and deploy appropriately these c-indicators, a new and highly visual factsheet for c-indicators is developed. Last but not least, discussion on the articulation, positioning, and potential trade-offs between c-indicators and LCA-based indicators are made through different scenarios and illustrative examples.