Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The therapeutic response of somatotropinomas according to the T2-weighted signal intensity on the MRI

Background and aim Identifying the predictive factors of tumoral and hormonal answer of somatotropinomas to the medical treatment with somatostatin analogs represent an important element for treatment management. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic answer of the somatotropinomas according to the T2-weighted signal intensity on the MRI. Methods We included 31 acromegalic patients, mean age 51.35 ± 10.37 years, who underwent surgery. The patients were divided according to the T2-weighted MRI signal intensity - hypointense, hyperintense and isointense - of the GH-secreting pituitary adenoma and were evaluated after surgery, 3, 6 and 12 months with somatostatin analogs therapy. Results 16 (51.61%) somatropinomas were hypointense, 9 (29.03%) were hyperintense and 6 (19.35%) were isointense. The median IGF-1 and GH level decreased significantly in macroadenomas (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively), whereas GH decreased significantly only in microadenomas (p=0.010). A significant statistical correlation was found between IGF-1 or GH levels and tumor volume before surgery (Spearman=0.38, p<0.001; Spearman=0.64, p<0.001, respectively) and after surgery (Spearman=0.61, p=0.001; Spearman=0.74, p<0.001). The percentage of optimally controlled patients increased from 12.9% after surgery, to 28.57% after 12 months with somatostatin analogs. The highest percentage of optimally controlled patients with somatostatin analogs treatment was in hypointense somatotropinomas (50%). Conclusion The T2-weighted MRI signal intensity classifies the somatotropinomas into groups with certain evolutive and medical treatment response particularities, of which we found that the hypointense somatotropinomas have a better therapeutic response after surgery and after long-term treatment with somatostatin analogs.
Diversity of insect galls associated with Eucalyptus alba & E. urophylla in altitudinal zones in Timor Island, Indonesia

Puspasari LT, Buchori D, Ubaidillah R, Triwidodo H, Hidayat P. 2021. Diversity of insect galls associated with Eucalyptus alba & E. urophylla in altitudinal zones in Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2667-2679. We investigated the galling insects associated with two species of Eucalyptus, namely E. alba Reinw. and E. urophylla S.T. Blake in different altitudinal zones in Timor Island, Indonesia. This is the first report for Indonesia of the diversity patterns and community structures of galling insects in these two species of eucalyptus and the type of galls they produce. Surveys and data collection were carried out between October 2017 and June 2018 at different altitudes of secondary forest in Timor Tengah Selatan district, Timor. We visited five altitudinal zones (± 829 m asl., ± 942 m asl. ± 1,621 m asl., ± 1992 m asl., and ± 2457 m asl.) and selected 25 eucalyptus plants of 3 to 5 m in height in each altitudinal zone from which to collect insect galls. The galls were observed on leaves, upper leaves (shoots), outer leaves, symptomatic twigs and stems. The galls were taken to the laboratory for rearing of the insects they contained. A total number of 12 gall types were found in E. alba and 15 in E. urophylla from which 28 insect morphospecies were identified belonging to 16 families and five orders. The order Hymenoptera was represented by ten families: Bethylidae, Torymidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae Eurytomidae, Pteromalidae, Encyrtidae, Mymaridae, Braconidae and Scelinonidae while the order Diptera was represented by three families: Fergusoninidae, Cecidomyiidae and Chaoboridae. Galling species diversity ranged from 1.71 to 2.38 on the Shannon-Wiener index and 0.75 to 0.87 on the Simpson index and showed that the galling-insect communities were species-rich and composed of galling formers and very few inquilines. In the study, communities are categorized and structured according to different types of galling insects, including those that induce galling, those that are parasitoid, and those that are inquiline. Within the category of gall-forming insects in the two species of eucalyptus, Eulophidae is found to be the dominant family. Our field data makes an important contribution to basic knowledge of insect galling patterns in eucalyptus forests and constitutes baseline data for the implementation of pest control.
Unpacking Multilingualism in Tourism Peripheries in Bali: Taking a Look into Private Shop-fronts

This article reports on the discussion of linguistic landscape in the course of tourism peripheries. The central aim is to unravel the salience and visibility of languages manifested in the shop-fronts in Bali tourism peripherals. This disclosure explains how the stakeholders in multilingual Bali tourism peripheries perceive vitality of the languages coexisting in these areas. Drawing on Bourdieu’s language as social power (1983; 1993), presentation-of-self (Goffman, 1963; 1981), and good-reasons perspective (Boudon, 1990) the language choices made by the local shop owners and the principles driving these choices were explored. The findings conclude that English is the dominant language in Bali tourism peripheries, and it is driven by the perceived power attributed to English and the economic benefits associated with it; meanwhile, the principle of presentationof-self is not prioritized. We argue that local shop owners’ perception of targeted clients is the determining factor influencing it. Some implications are made in this study.
A Study of Learners’ Writing Anxiety in EFL Context

The present research purposes were to find the factors of students’ writing anxiety and to know what the type of writing anxiety in writing encountered by the participants who followed writing for academic communication course of English education study program at Hamzanwadi University, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia. This study was categorized as descriptive quantitative method research. The researcher took 15 subjects who were chosen by using purposive sampling. The data collection methods were two closed-ended questionnaires, then second language writing anxiety inventor (SLWAI) designed by Cheng and Causes of Writing Anxiety Inventory (CWAI) proposed by Reraei and Jafari were applied to obtain the data. Observation and interviews were conducted to strengthen the result. The finding of research proved that the highest writing anxiety was avoidance behavior, which turned out the most predominant type among other types of writing anxiety which could be known from the highest mean score. Then there are four main causes that trigger writing anxiety. They were high frequency of writing assignments (25,3 %), low self-confidence in writing (16,87%), and time pressure. (10,79%), and problems with topic choice (10,79 %). Article History: Received: April, 2021
Geographic and occupational mobility of small-scale fishers of Lake Malawi: an exploratory study of water, sanitation, and hygiene access, Malawi

The livelihood of small-scale fishers on the world’s freshwater lakes cuts across the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, which covers water and sanitation, and SDG 8 on economic growth. The aim of this study was to examine the nature and extent of fishers’ mobility patterns and access to improved sanitation facilities, safe drinking water, and handwashing practices while at work and home for two fishing camps in Malawi. The study used key informant interviews, questionnaires, water quality testing, and an observational checklist, followed by interviews on fishers’ occupational migration. Many fishers (85%; 51/60) live and work in fishing camps with their families. Most fishers only went on day trips, but 8% of their working days were away from the fishing camps. Only eight fishers had safe (0 cfu/100 ml) drinking water at home. Most fishers reported drinking (97%) from and going to the toilet (92%) in the lake during fishing. Historical trends in cholera cases did not correlate with higher periods of migratory behavior of fishers observed in this study. Improving the livelihoods of small-scale fishers requires attention to their culture, the economics of the industry, and geographic criteria while at work and within fishing communities along the shores of Lake Malawi.
A note on uncertainty relations of arbitrary N quantum channels

Uncertainty principle plays a vital role in quantum physics. The Wigner–Yanase skew information characterizes the uncertainty of an observable with respect to the measured state. We generalize the uncertainty relations for two quantum channels to arbitrary N quantum channels based on Wigner–Yanase skew information. We illustrate that these uncertainty inequalities are tighter than the existing ones by detailed examples. Especially, we also discuss the uncertainty relations for N unitary channels, which could be regarded as variance-based sum uncertainty relations with respect to any pure state.
Stochastic modeling of aircraft flight parameters in terminal control area based on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data

A critical step in developing good traffic management (ATM) system simulation model is to build a kinematic model of an aircraft movement that can represent the actual conditions. This study aims to obtain flight parameters for aircraft operating in the terminal control area of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport using Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data, which is openly available on Flight Radar24. Flight parameters were measured for several flight phases, such as take-off, initial climb, climb, cruise, descend, and final approach. In addition to these flight phases, flight parameters at waypoints on the arrival and departure were also measured. Furthermore, all flight parameters are modeled stochastically through the probability distribution function (PDF) approach. The best model for each parameter is obtained using the Maximum Likelihood method (MLE) with some relevant Kosmolgrove Smirnov Test criteria. The use of ADS-B data along with the stochastic model presented in this paper provides comprehensive information on flight behavior, which can be further utilized for an aircraft simulation model of an Air Traffic Management system.
Hydrological modeling in the Sono river basin, environmental protection region of the Jalapão, Brazilian savanna

environmental protection units, highlighting the Jalapão State Parque. In order to assist the water resource management, this paper developed a hydrological simulation of the SRB, delineated at the Jatobá station (drainage area of 16,862 km2), using the SWAT model, and determined the spatial distribution of the mean, maximum, and minimum specific yields (REmlt, REmin, and REmax) in the basin. The performance of the model was evaluated using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and percentage bias (PBIAS). For the monthly calibration and validation periods, respectively, NSE values of 0.55 and 0.56 and PBIAS values of 8.2% and -10.2% were obtained. For daily calibration and validation periods, respectively, NSE values of 0.40 and 0.41 and PBIAS values of 8.2% and -11.2% were obtained. These results indicate that the SWAT was able to model the monthly and daily streamflows of the SRB. In addition, the REmlt, REmin and REmax maps showed that the environmental protection areas are the biggest water producers compared with the other parts of the basin. Therefore, the results achieved in this study are fundamental tools for the water resources management at this important
Identification of pigment profiles and antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mucronata mangrove leaves origin Lembeh, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Rumengan AP, Mandiangan ES, Tanod WA, Paransa DSJ, Paruntu CP, Mantiri DMH. 2021. Identification of pigment profiles and antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mucronata mangrove leaves origin Lembeh, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2805-2816. Mangroves plants contain unique pigments which can serve both nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purpose. Therefore, this preliminary study aims to identify the pigment profiles of Rhizophora mucronata mangrove leaves (HPLC method) and to computationally evaluate the antioxidant mechanism of the pigments (PASS and STITCH analysis). Furthermore, it evaluated the antioxidant capacity of R. mucronata leaves extracts (DPPH method), and the pigment profiles detected using HPLC were chlorophyll a (68.61%), chlorophyll b (27.69%), lutein (29.94%), beta-carotene (14.05%), pheophytin a (8.72), violaxanthin (5.19%), and neoxanthin (3.65%). Beta-carotene, lutein, neoxanthin, and violaxanthin were predicted to have potential as antioxidants properties using PASS analysis. While neoxanthin and violaxanthin were predicted as free radical scavengers, beta-carotene was an Nrf-2 stimulant. The STITCH analysis showed that the pigments contained in the leaves interacted synergistically by activating as antioxidant enzymes and inhibiting the expression of oxidative stress proteins. The ethanol extract of R. mucronata leaves may be a potent antioxidant with an IC50 20.99 ± 0.33 μg/mL. Therefore, the pigment contained in R. mucronata leaves is a potential source of antioxidants.
The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothing

Currently it requires an artist to create 3D human avatars with realistic clothing that can move naturally. Despite progress on 3D scanning and modeling of human bodies, there is still no technology that can easily turn a static scan into an animatable avatar. Automating the creation of such avatars would enable many applications in games, social networking, animation, and AR/VR to name a few. The key problem is one of representation. Standard 3D meshes are widely used in modeling the minimally-clothed body but do not readily capture the complex topology of clothing. Recent interest has shifted to implicit surface models for this task but they are computationally heavy and lack compatibility with existing 3D tools. What is needed is a 3D representation that can capture varied topology at high resolution and that can be learned from data. We argue that this representation has been with us all along — the point cloud. Point clouds have properties of both implicit and explicit representations that we exploit to model 3D garment geometry on a human body. We train a neural network with a novel local clothing geometric feature to represent the shape of different outfits. The network is trained from 3D point clouds of many types of clothing, on many bodies, in many poses, and learns to model pose-dependent clothing deformations. The geometry feature can be optimized to fit a previously unseen scan of a person in clothing, enabling the scan to be reposed realistically. Our model demonstrates superior quantitative and qualitative results in both multi-outfit modeling and unseen outfit animation. The code is available for research purposes at https://qianlim.github. io/POP.
Physical Education and Leisure Time Activities Among Pupils With and Without Hearing Loss

The objective of this study was to analyse differences among Czech pupils’ with/without hearing loss related to feelings and opinions on physical education classes; sport preferences in physical education classes; and leisure time activities at the lower secondary schools for the deaf. Materials and methods. Participants were 83 pupils with hearing loss (n = 41; 49.4%) and pupils without hearing loss (n = 42; 50.6%); an average age of them was 14.3 ± 1.3 years. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test, Fisher exact test, Chi-square test were used for statistical analyses. For calculation of effect size coefficient abs(r) was used. All tests were performed at a level of 0.05. Results. Pupils without hearing loss are more likely to express disappointment due to cancellation of a physical education class than pupils without hearing loss (Z = –2.168; p = 0.029). A statistically significant difference was found in preference for the various physical education activities and in leisure activities, where pupils without hearing loss prefer dancing (χ2 = 8.622; p = 0.003), whereas pupils with hearing loss prefer volleyball (χ2 = 14.833; p = 0.00001). In terms of leisure time activities, pupils with hearing loss spent their leisure time watching television significantly more often (χ2 = 5.198; p = 0.023). Conclusion. Both groups do not differ in feelings and opinions on physical education in terms of popularity, difficulty, importance, effort during physical education. On the contrary, differences in feelings associated with the cancellation of physical education or preference of activities in physical activities in physical education and leisure time appeared.
The perception of reproducibility in a small cohort of scientists in Europe

Reproducibility is an essential feature of all scientific outcomes. Scientific evidence can only reach its true status as reliable if replicated, but the results of well-conducted replication studies face an uphill battle to be performed, and little attention and dedication have been put into publishing the results of replication attempts. Therefore, we asked a small cohort of researchers about their attempts to replicate results from other groups, as well as from their own laboratories, and their general perception of the issues concerning reproducibility in their field. We also asked how they perceive the venues, i.e. journals, to communicate and discuss the results of these attempts. To this aim we pre-registered and shared a questionnaire among scientists at diverse levels. The results indicate that, in general, replication attempts of their own protocols are quite successful (with over 80% reporting not or rarely having problems with their own protocols). Although the majority of respondents tried to replicate a study or experiment from other labs (75.4%), the median successful rate was scored at 3 (in a 1-5 scale), while the median for the general estimation of replication success in their field was found to be 5 (in a 1-10 scale). The majority of respondents (70.2%) also perceive journals as unwelcoming of replication studies.
In vitro antibacterial activities of crude extracts of nine plants on multidrug resistance bacterial isolates of wound infections

Prastiyanto ME, Dewi NMBA, Pratiningtias TD, Pratiwi NMR, Windayani A, Wahyunengsih E, Astuti, Amir E, Wardoyo FA. 2021. In vitro antibacterial activities of crude extracts of nine plants on multidrug resistance bacterial isolates of wound infections. Biodiversitas 22: 2641-2647. Wound infections caused by bacteria is a become serious health problems, multidrug resistance bacteria (MDR) have increased this problem more severely, and therefore, antibacterial agents from natural biological sources are necessary to overcome these problems. This study examined the antibacterial activities of nine plants, i.e. garlic (Allium sativum), Solo garlic (Allium sativum), Java plum leaf (Syzygium cumini), Java plum fruit (Syzygium cumini), lime (Citrus aurantifolia), Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix), Siamese weed (Chromolaena odorata), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia), against MDR bacteria isolated from wounds. The antibacterial activities were evaluated using agar well diffusion assay to determine the inhibition zones, and microdilution method to determine the value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The best antibacterial activities were calculated as the most extensive inhibition zones with the smallest MIC and MBC values. Ethanol extracts from five plants (garlic, Solo garlic, Java plum (leaf), Kaffir lime and bitter melon) showed antibacterial activities against three MDR bacteria isolated from wounds. The bitter melon extract had the largest zones, 19.3 mm (methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]), 10.6 mm (ESβL-producing Escherichia coli), and 13 mm (carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa [CRPA]) with the smallest MIC and MBC values against MRSA (3.12 and 25 mg/mL), ESβLproducing E. coli (12.25 and 50 mg/mL), and CRPA (6.25 and 25 mg/mL). This concludes that bitter melon has the potential to be developed as an antibacterial agent, particularly against MRSA strains, ESβL-producing E. coli, and CRPA that cause wound infections. Further in vivo research and the discovery of modes of action are needed to explain the antibacterial effects.
Restrictive versus liberal transfusion thresholds in very low birth weight infants: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Background To assess the efficacy and safety of restrictive versus liberal red blood cell transfusion thresholds in very low birth weight infants. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane database without any language restrictions. The last search was conducted in August 15, 2020. All randomized controlled trials comparing the use of restrictive versus liberal red blood cell transfusion thresholds in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were selected. Pooled risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous variable with 95% confidence intervals were assessed by a random-effects model. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Results Overall, this meta-analysis included 6 randomized controlled trials comprising 3,483 participants. Restrictive transfusion does not increase the risk of all-cause mortality (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.17; I2 = 0%; high-quality evidence), and does not increase the composite outcome of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (RR, 1.01, 95% CI, 0.93–1.09; I2 = 7%; high-quality evidence) or other serious adverse events. Results were similar in subgroup analyses of all-cause mortality by weight of infants, gestational age, male infants, and transfusion volume. Conclusions In very low birth weight infants, a restrictive threshold for red blood cell transfusion was not associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, in either short term or long term.
Fabrication of a hyaluronic acid conjugated metal organic framework for targeted drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging

Since metal organic frameworks (MOF) have exhibited fascinating potential in biomedical applications, it is worthwhile to construct a MOF-based multifunctional drug delivery system. In the present study, the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) via a one-pot process. The formed DOX@ZIF-8 was then coated with polydopamine, successively chelated with Fe3+ and conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA), finally resulting in a multifunctional ZIF-8 nanocarrier. The characterization results confirmed the successful formation of the hybrid nanocarrier. pH-responsive drug release of DOX was observed due to the innate pH-dependent stability of ZIF-8. Importantly, the flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscope results both verified the targeting ability of DOX@ZIF-HA toward prostate cancer PC-3 cells. The improved therapeutic efficacy of DOX@ZIF-HA when compared to the inhibited group was also demonstrated. Furthermore, the chelation of Fe3+ by PDA makes the prepared DOX@ZIF-HA a good contrast agent for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Hence, we hope the constructed ZIF-8 based multifunctional nanocarrier could be a candidate for cancer theranostics.